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Phraseological Units with the Component “Heart”

Expressing Love and Devotion

The heart has long been thought of as the seat of emo-tions but why do we think of the emotions as being
centered in the heart? Of course, they are centered in the
brain. But when we experience a powerful emotion – fear,
anger, grief, love – adrenaline pours into the blood, increas-
es the blood pressure and accelerates the heart. So, it makes
perfect sense to think that the heart controls all our thoughts
and emotions.

By means of the word “heart” people express their feel-
ings, emotions, wishes, etc. as well as their attitude towards
people’s behaviour and character.

In different languages the word “heart” may have differ-
ent symbolic and semantic values. These symbols and meanings can differ from language
to language, but quite often they are found to be similar. Sometimes these meanings can
undergo certain changes. It should be mentioned that in the course of time not only the
meanings of the word “heart” but also those of the abstracted word-groups including this
word undergo semantic changes. How and why does this happen?

Based on their centuries-old visual observations and experiences people have always
tried to explain the phenomena taking place in a man’s organism. Thus for instance, they
have noticed that when one is angry he gets black or red in the face, unhealthy people
look pale, when experiencing strong fear one’s face becomes white and so on. These
observations have resulted in the formation of some phraseological units like ëåÇï³Ï
ù³Ã³Ý ¹³éݳÉ, êðàñíåòü äî êîðíåé âîëîñ, blue baby, etc.

But sometimes there has been no opportunity for such observations. In this case peo-
ple have made mental abstractions and achieved a moral and psychological perception of
the phenomena and formed phraseological units such as ëÇñïÁ ׳ù»É, ëÇñïÁ ÷áñÇó
ѳݻÉ, ï³Ý»É, ïîêîðÿòü ñåðäöå, ñåðäöå çàêàòèëîñü, affair of the heart, one’s
heart goes towards sb., etc.

These semantic changes take place by means of certain stylistic devices, such as
metaphor, metonymy, hyperbole, simile, etc. It should be noted that as a result of these
changes in meaning, the words are transferred into another semantic field.

In linguistics, a semantic field is considered to be an entity of words belonging to dif-
ferent parts of speech but expressing one conception, and it is this very conception that
embraces all these words in a given field. Like words, phraseological units can belong to
different semantic fields. In this case these linguistic units are placed in these fields
according to the whole meaning expressed by their components regardless of their gram-
matical, structural, stylistic and other peculiarities.

The goal of this paper is to study, analyze and compare the semantic fields of the
Armenian, Russian and English phraseological units with the component “heart”

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Hasmik Ghazaryan



expressing love and devotion. 
What is love? It is one of the most difficult questions for mankind. Centuries have

passed by, relationships have bloomed and so has love. But no one can give the proper
definition of love. To some love is friendship set on fire, for others love is like luck. You
have to go all the way to find it. No matter how you define it or feel it, love is the eter-
nal truth in the history of mankind. Love is patient and devoted, love is kind, benevolent
and generous. It isn’t envious, nor it boasts itself and it is never proud. It rejoices over
the evil and is the truth seeker. Love protects, preserves and hopes for the positive aspect
of life. These feelings become the origin of linguistic abstraction by stirring and exciting
the soul of a man, thus becoming the source of the phraseological units mentioned above.
Here are illustrations of some Armenian, Russian and English phraseological units
expressing love and devotion.

êÇñ ïÁ ÁÝÏ Ý»É – fall in love with sb. ÆÙ í³é ë»ñë μá óáí-»ñ ·áí ëñï»ë
ëáõ ñ³ó, ëÇñï¹ ÁÝ Ï³í (Isahakyan I:80).

êÇñ ïÁ ó ÷³Ý ó»É – be infatuated with sb. ²Ý ¹Ç Ù³¹ ñ» ÉÇ Ññ³ -
åáõ ñ³Ýù Ý» ñáí ÉÇ ëÇñï »ù ó ÷³Ý óáõÙ (Toumanyan I:103): ´á -
Éá ñÁª Ù»Í áõ ÷áùñ Ùݳ ó»É ¿ÇÝ Ñdz ó³Í, ï»ë Ý» Éáí, áñ ÙÇ ï³ë -
Ý»ñ Ïáõ ï³ ñ» Ï³Ý å³ ï³ ÝÇ Ù³ñ¹ ϳÝó ëñïÇ Ëáñ ù»ñÝ ¿ ó -
÷³Ý óáõÙ (Aghayan:554).

ê» ñÁ ëÇñ ïÁ Ó·»É – make sb. fall in love with sb. ÆÙ ·áíùÝ ³ ñ»ù ¸³í -
ÃÇ ³ é³ç, ë»ñë ëÇñ ïÁ Ó·» ó»ù (Toumanyan IV:42).

êñïÇÝ ïÇ ñ»É – fascinate, enthrall sb.’s feelings. » ïÇ ñ»ë, Ù»Í ß³Ñ,
¹áõ Ýñ³ ëñïÇÝ, ³ ÃáõÉÝ ¿É ³Ý ½áñ ÏÁÝÏ ÝÇ áï ùǹ ï³Ï (Toumanyan
IV:50). ¸Ç³ã Ïá íÁ ëÏë³í å³ï Ù»É,û ÇÝã Ñݳñ ùáí ݳ ïÇ ñ»ó û ñÇáñ¹
êá ýÇÇ ëñïÇÝ (Raffi III:167). ²ÛÝ ³ é³ç ¿ñ, »ñμ »ë, ÷³ ÷³ ·» Éáí ïÇ -
ñ³ Ý³É Ó»ñ ëñïÇÝ, ïí»É ¿Ç Ó»½ ³ Ù»Ý μ³Ý  (Shirvanzade:19).

êñïÇÝ ³ÝÓ Ý³ ïáõñ ÉÇ Ý»É – love sb, be infatuated with sb. ì³Û Ýñ³Ý, áí
³Ý Ó³ ïáõñ ¿ ÉÇ Ýáõ٠ѳ ñ³ ÷á ÷áË ëñïÇÝ (Hugo I:130).

êñïÇ Ñ³ ïáñ – a very beloved person. ² Õ³í ÝÇÝ Ùï³í Çñ ÝÝç³ ë»Ý Û³ -
ÏÁ, ÇÝ Ï³í Çñ Ù»Ï Ñ³ ïÇÏ ëñïÇ Ñ³ ïá ñÇ û ñá ñá óÇ íñ³ ¨ ëÏë³í
μ³ñÓ ñ³ Ó³ÛÝ É³É  (Totovents I:256).

êñïÇ Ïïá ñÁ – dear, cordial. ²Ûë ¿É ÇÙ ÏÇ ÝÁ, ÇÙ ëñïÇ Ïïá ñÁ` Ç٠ɳí
Ü³Ë ßáõ ÝÁ (Torgomyan:480).

êñïÇ Ã³ ·áõ ÑÇ – a sweetheart. ¸áõ »ë ÇÙ ëñïÇ ùÝùáõß Ã³ ·áõ ÑÇÝ, ºñ -
·Çë, » ñ³ ½Çë ãùÝ³Õ ¹Ç óáõ ÑÇÝ  (Isahakyan I:86).

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êÇñ ïÁ ï³ ù³ó Ý»É – make sb. fall in love with sb. êáõÛÝ ÇëÏ ÏÝá çÁ
í³ñ Ó»É ¿ñ ê³ ùáÝ, Éñï»ë ¿ñ ϳñ ·»É Ê» ã³ ÝÇ ï³Ý í» ñ³` Ð»Õ Ý³ ñÇ
ëÇñïÝ Ûáõñ íñ³ ï³ ù³ó Ý»É ¨ êÙμ³ ïÇÝ ³ ï»É ï³ Éáõ å³ï í»ñ Ý»ñ
¿ñ ïí»É (Proshyan:240).

êÇñ ïÁ å³ï ϳ Ý»É Ù» ÏÇÝ – love sb. ¸³ Ýñ³ ѳ Ù³ñ ¿, áñ Ýñ³ ëÇñïÝ
ÇÝÓ ¿ å³ï ϳ ÝáõÙ (Hugo I:178).

êÇñ ïÁ ÝíÇ ñ»É – love sb. à¯í  ÇÙ ²Ý ï»ë-²ÝÝ Ù³Ý, ³é ³Ûë
÷áõÝçÝ ÇÝ Ó³ ÝÇó, ëñ³ Ñ»ï ù»½ »Ù ÝíÇ ñáõÙ »ë ݳ¨ ÇÙ ëÇñïÝ áõ
Ñá ·ÇÝ (Aghayan:550).

êÇñ ïÁ Ïåã»É (Ù» ÏÇÝ) – fall in love with sb. Ôáñà ³, л ñÇù ݳ ½ÇÝ
Ëáëù ¿Ç ïí»É, áñ Ñáñë Ëáë ùÇ óÁ ¹áõë ã·³Ù, μ³Ûó ëÇñïë ã¿ñ ÏåãáõÙ
(Proshyan:340). Ò»ñ ïÕÇ μ³ËïÝ ¿É, »ñ¨Ç, ¿¹ ³Õ çÇÏÝ ¿, áñ ëÇñ ïÁ
Ïå»É ¿ ¹ñ³Ý (Toumanyan :205).

êÇñ ïÁ ·» ñ»É –  win sb’s heart. î³ñ í³Í »ë » Õ»É ÝáõÛÝ ³ÛÝ ·ñù» ñáí,
áñ ï»Õ Ñ» ñá ëÇ-³ë å» ïÇ ¹» ñáõÙ »ë ¿Ç ÏñÏÇÝ ùá ëÇñ ïÁ ·» ñáõÙ
(Sevak I:137). Þ³ï å³ñ½ μ³Ý ¿ ³Û¹ ¨ Ó»ñ Ç ñ³ íáõÝùÝ ¿ ëñï»ñ ·» -
ñ»É (Hugo III:540).

êÇñ ïÁ ·ñ³ í»É – make sb fall in love with sb. îÇ ÏÇ ÝÁ ã¿ñ ó³Ý ϳ ÝáõÙ,
áñ Ñ³Û ³Õ çÇ ÏÁ μ» ÏÇ ÏÇ ÝÁ ÉÇ ÝÇ, á ñáí Ñ»ï¨ Ý³ ·» Õ» óÇÏ ¿ñ ¨ ϳ ñáÕ
¿ñ ÙÇ³Ý ·³ Ù³ÛÝ ·ñ³ í»É μ» ÏÇ ëÇñ ïÁ (Raffi IV:371). ØDZû ³Û¹ ³Õ -
çÇÏÝ ³Û¹ ù³Ý ·ñ³ í»É ¿ »Õ μáñë ëÇñ ïÁ (Torgomyan:84) ܳ ³Ù μáÕ çá -
íÇÝ ·ñ³ í»É, ³Û ñ»É ¿ ÇÙ ëÇñ ïÁ  (Torgomyan:105).                 

Äà ìà ñåðä öà — a sweetheart. Íà òå áå âîçü ìè,-ïðè áà âè ëà îíà,
áðî ñàÿ Ãà ãè íó âåò êó ãå ðà íèó ìà,-âîîá ðà çè,÷òî ÿ äà ìà òâîå ãî
ñåðä öà (Turgenev:19).

Çàâ ëà äåòü / îâ ëà äåòü ñåðä öåì – win sb.’s heart. Ïðåç ðåí íûå õèò  -
ðîñòè! ïðè áå ãàòü ê ëó êàâñò âó, ÷òîá îâ ëà äåòü ñåðä öåì æåí  ùè -
íû!- ñ íå ãî äî âà íèåì çà ìå òèë Àëåê ñàíäð (Goncharov:136).

Ïî êî ðÿòü ñåðä öå  — win sb’s heart. Íà âòî ðîé æå ãîä ïîñ ëå å¸
ñâàäü áû ñ Êà ëà òè íûì, êî òî ðûé â íåñ êîëü êî äíåé óñ ïåë ïî êî -
ðèòü å¸ ñåðä öå (Turgenev:4).

Îò äà âàòü/îò äàòü ñåðä öå – love sb. Äðó ãîé! Íåò, íè êî ìó íà ñâå -
òå Íå îò äà ëà áû ñåðä öå ÿ!  (Pushkin:96).

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Ïî ñåðä öó – like sb/sth. ß íå ìî ãó îøè áèòü ñÿ.Òû ïðè øåë ñÿ åé ïî
ñåðä öó (Turgenev:269). Ñìè ðèâ ñî âðå ìå íåì  êàê çíàòü? Ïî ñåðä -
öó ÿ íàø ëà áû äðó ãà (Pushkin:95). ×å ëî âåê  èç âåñò íûé, êíÿçü, ñ
ñîñòîÿ íèåì, ÷å ëî âåê õî ðî øèé è êî âñå ìó òî ìó ïðè øåë ñÿ åé ïî
ñåðä öó (Dostoevski:352).

Absence makes the heart grow fonder (prov.) – Parting makes love
stronger.
Give one’s heart to sb./sth. –love sb., be devoted to sth. As though to her
music she was giving a heart he had never seen (Galsworthy:38).

Lose one’s heart (to sb./sth.) – fall in love with sb./sth. I declare I’ve lost
my heart to you already (Cronin:110).

Put heart (and soul) in sth. – have one’s whole heart in sth. He had put
his heart into that house, indeed (Galsworthy:45). It’s not my fault that I
haven’t been able to put my heart into it (Galsworthy:216).

Set one’s heart on sb./sth. – strive for sb./sth., be infatuated with sb.,
dream of sb. That’s a good one, that is, for me that’s set my very heart on
winning it (Cronin:609). Well it’s a mess. She’s set her heart upon their boy
(Galsworthy:168). Fate had driven him seventeen years ago to set his
heart upon this woman-so utterly, that even now he had no real heart to set
on any other (Galsworthy:192).

Possess one’s heart (Possessor of one’s heart) – win one’s heart.
Bosinney – the one man who had possessed her heart, to whom she had
given her whole self with rapture (Galsworthy:341). He stood up and
walked about, dreaming his dream of a life continued with this lovely pos-
sessor of his heart (Dreiser:289).

Win sb.’s heart – Make sb. fall in love with sb. The grace of this woman
had won Carrie’s heart (Dreiser:349). Admire his collection of coins,
prints and water-color drawings, and you will win his heart (Collins:30).

Studying the phraseological units mentioned above, one can notice that besides their
main meaning according to which they are included in this semantic field they posses
some other shades of meaning as well. We should mention that some of those shades are
peculiar to all the languages under consideration, while others – to one or the other. Thus
for instance, the units of all the three languages have the semantic shades of falling in
love and being infatuated with somebody: ëÇñïÁ ÁÝÏÝ»É, ëñïÇÝ ³ÝÓݳïáõñ ÉÇÝ»É,
ëÇñïÁ ëÇñáí Éóí»É, ëÇñïÁ Ïåã»É, ëÇñïÁ ×Õμ³É, çà ñåðäöåì, îòäàâàòü ñåðäöå,
give one’s heart to sb, lose one’s heart to sb/sth, etc.

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Another shade which can also be found in all the languages considered is possessing
somebody’s heart, making somebody fall in love with somebody at the cost of great
efforts,  e.g. ë»ñÁ ëÇñïÁ ·ó»É/Ó·»É, ëÇñïÁ ·»ñ»É, ëÇñïÁ ÷áñÇó Ñ³Ý»É ï³Ý»É,
çàâëàäåòü ñåðäöåì, ïîêîðÿòü ñåðäöå, possess/take possession of sb’s heart, win sb’s
heart, etc.

Some units in the mentioned languages express a meaning concerning “the beloved
person”: ëñïÇ Ñ³ïáñ, ëñïÇ ÏïáñÁ, ëñïÇ Ã³·áõÑÇ, äàìà ñåðäöà, èçáðàííèê
ñåðäöà, the darling of all hearts, etc.

The shade of devotion can be found only in Armenian and English: ëÇñïÁ áïùÇ
ï³Ï ¹Ý»É/ÉÇÝ»É, have one’s heart in sth., put heart and soul in sth., etc.

A number of phraseological units found in the following semantic field are in
antonymic relations with the units considered above, i.e. these units possess the mean-
ings of indifference, despair, feeling of not liking or loving, etc. Here are some units with
those meanings:

êÇñ ïÁ ³ ½³ï ÉÇ Ý»É – not to love, not to be in love with sb. ÆëÏ ¹áõù ³ÛÉ
»ù, Ó»ñ ëÇñïÝ ³ ½³ï ¿ (Shirvanzade:59).

êÇñ ïÁ Ïïñí»É – part, leave, become indifferent. ºñ ϳñ ëå³ ë» óÇ, áã
·³ ÉÇë ¿Çñ, áã ¿É Éáõñ ϳ٠ݳ Ù³Ï áõ Õ³ñ ÏáõÙ, ¨ ëÇñïë ÙÇ³Ý ·³ ÙÇó
Ïïñí»ó (Torgomyan:230).

êÇñï Ïïñ»É – make indifferent, part. ê»ñ ãïíÇñ, áõ ³ß ˳ñ Ñ»Ý ëÇñïë
Ïïñ³í, Þáõ ß³Ý ç³¯Ý (Isahakyan I:135).

êÇñ ïÁ ë³ éÁ ÉÇ Ý»É – be indifferent to sb./sth. ² Ûá°, û ñÇáñ¹ êá ýÇ, ç»ñ -
ÙáõÃ Û³Ý Ñá ïÁ Ù³ ñ» ó³í ÇÝÓ ÝáõÙ, ¨ ÇÙ ëÇñ ïÁ ¨ë ³ÛÝ å»ë ë³éÝ ¿
³ÛÅÙ, ÇÝã å»ë ÇÙ Ó»é ù» ñÁ (Raffi III:171). Ø»Ýù ³ñ ¹»Ý Ýᯐ »Ýù, áñ áõÃ
ï³ ñ» Ï³Ý Ñ³ ë³ ÏáõÙ Ýñ³ ëÇñ ïÁ ë³éÝ ¿ñ (Hugo II:146).

êÇñ ïÁ ë³é ã»É – fall out of love. ¼³ñ Ù³ ݳ ÉÇ μ³Ý ¿ ³Û¹ ëÇñï Ïáã -
í³ ÍÁ, ݳ ßáõ ïáí Ïáïñ íáõÙ ¿, ßáõ ïáí ë³é ãáõÙ ¿, ݳ ßáõ ïáí Ù»é -
ÝáõÙ ¿ (Raffi III:171). ²¯Ë, ¿¯É ã Ï³Ý ³ñ¨ û ñ»ñ, êÇñïë ¿É ë³ é»ñ ¿
í³ Õáõ¯ó (Isahakyan I:83).

êÇñ ïÁ å³ Õ»ó Ý»É – make sb. indifferent, not to love sb. ê¨ Ñ³ ·Çñ,
ëáõ· ÙïÇñ, áÕ μ³, ë³ éÁ çáõñ ³ ÍÇñ ·» ñ»½ Ù³ ÝÇÝ, ëÇ°ñï¹  å³ Õ»ó -
ñáõ° (Demirchyan:525).

êÇñ ïÁ Ù»éó Ý»É/Ù»é Ý»É – kill the feeling of love, become indifferent. ²Ë
ëÇñïë Ù» é³í Íáí-¹³ñ ¹» ñÇ Ù»ç, ¶³ñ Ý³Ý ½áõù ë» ñÇÝ Ùݳó ϳ ñá -
ïáí (Isahakyan I: 152).

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êÇñ ïÁ ¹³ ï³ñÏ ÙݳÉ/ÉÇ Ý»É – not to love, be gloomy, cold, indifferent
towards sth. Æñ ëÇñ ïÁ ¹³ ï³ñÏ ¿ñ, ×Ýßí³Í (Torgomyan:542). ² í³¯Õ
… ëÇñïë ¹³ ï³ñÏ Ùݳó` Øáõ ñ³ó ϳ ÝÇ ³ ÷Ç ÝÙ³Ý (Isahakyan I:241).

In the following examples too, some semantic shades such as indifference, feeling of
not liking, etc. can be found. Thus for instance, the Armenian units ëÇñ ïÁ ³ ½³ï ÉÇ Ý»É
and ëÇñ ïÁ ¹³ ï³ñÏ ÙÝ³É both have the same meaning: the feeling of not loving.
Besides this the second unit possesses a shade of pity and bitterness as well. This seman-
tic field also includes some other phraseological units such as: ëÇñ ïÁ íñ³Ý ï³ù ÉÇ -
Ý»É/å³ Ñ»É, ëÇñ ïÁ μéÝ»É, ëÇñ ïÁ ï³É, ëñïÇ ï»ñ ïÇ ñ³ ϳÉ, ëñïÇ ×³Ý å³ñ ÑÁ
·ïÝ»É, ëñïÇ ³ é³ñ ϳ, ëÇñ ïÁ ç»ñ Ù³ó Ý»É, ëñïÇÝ Ùáï ÉÇ Ý»É, ëÇñ ïÁ Ù» ÏÇ íñ³ ÉÇ -
Ý»É/å³ Ñ»É, ëÇñ ïÁ Ñ» ïÁ ·Ý³É, ÙÇ Ï³Ã ³ñ ÛáõÝ ¹³é ݳÉ` ϳ Ã»É ëÇñ ïÁ, ëÇñ ïÁ ÷á -
ñÇó ѳ Ý»É` ï³ Ý»É, ëñïÇ ëÛáõ ÝÁ, ëÇñ ïÁ ×Õμ³É, ëÇñ ïÁ Ñ» ïÁ ·Ý³É, ñåðäöå ïðè -
íàäëåæèò, âîéòè â ñåðäöå, èçá ðàííèê ñåðäöà, çà ñåðäöåì, íàõîäèòü äîñòóï
ê ñåðäöó, dear heart, the way to a man’s heart is through his stomach, close/near to
one’s heart, affair of the heart, have a soft/warm corner in one’s heart for sb., etc.

Structurally the phraseological units with “heart” belong to different types. Although
most of the units are two-member (ëñïÇÝ Ýëï»É, ëÇñ ïÁ ·» ñ»É, ëÇñ ïÁ ï³É, ëÇñ ïÁ
Ýí³ ×»É, çàâ ëàäåòü ñåðäöåì; ïîêîðÿòü ñåðäöå; çàâîå âàòü ñåðäöå, etc), three-mem-
ber (ëñïÇÝ ³ÝÓ Ý³ ïáõñ ÉÇ Ý»É, ë» ñÁ ëÇñ ïÁ Ó·»É, ëÇñ ïÁ ëÇ ñáí Éóí»É,ëÇñ ïÁ Ó»éù μ» -
ñ»É, ëÇñ ïÁ ½μ³Õ í³Í ÉÇ Ý»É, ëÇñ ïÁ ³ ݳ å³ï ¹³ñÓ Ý»É, íàéòè äîñòóï ê ñåðäöó,
possess one’s heart, win one’s heart, etc) and multi-member (ëÇñ ïÁ ÷á ñÇó ѳ Ý»É` ï³ -
Ý»É, ëÇñ ïÁ á ïÇ ï³Ï ÉÇ Ý»É, ÙÇ Ï³Ã ³ñ ÛáõÝ ¹³é ݳÉ` ϳ Ã»É ëÇñ ïÁ, lose one’s heart to
s, have a soft corner in one’s heart; set one’s heart on sb./sth.) many verbal constructions,
some substantive (ëñïÇ ëÛáõÝ(Á), ëñïÇ Ñ³ ïáñ, ëñïÇ Ïïá ñÁ, ëñïÇ ïÇ ñáõ ÑÇ, ëñïÇ
ïÇ ñ³ ϳÉ, äà ìà ñåðäöà; èçá ðàííèê ñåðäöà, affair of the heart; possessor of one’s heart;
the darling of all hearts) and modal (ñåðöå ìî¸, dear heart) units can also be found. Several
complex communicative units are also found (the heart that once truly loves never forgets,
the way to the man’s heart is through his stomach, ïóòü ê ñåðäöó ìóæ÷è íû ïðîõîäèò
÷åðåç æåëóäîê, ïÕ³ Ù³ñ ¹áõ ëÇñ ïÁ ï³ ÝáÕ ×³ ݳ å³ñ ÑÁ ³Ýó ÝáõÙ ¿ Ýñ³ ëï³ Ùáù -
ëáí: We think that the Russian equivalent of the unit the way to the man’s heart is through
his stomach has been borrowed from English and the corresponding Armenian equivalent –
from the Russian one. Some units in Russian such as çà ñåðäöåì; ïî ñåðäöó; íå ïî
ñåðäöó are considered to be “one-top” units. 

Several nominal and verbal grammatical categories function in these units. It is not
our aim to analyze those categories in detail here. We would like to mention only that
some of these categories have a meaning-distinguishing role, and the units would be
deprived of their meanings if those categories were used otherwise. The syntactical rela-
tions between the components of the units are expressed by the typological peculiarities
of the languages under consideration. There are few phraseological variants in the field:
ëñïÇ ëÛáõÝ(Á), (grammatical), ëÇñ ïÁ ù³Ù ÁÝÏ Ý»É/ù³Ù í»É (lexical), have one’s
(whole) heart in sth. (quantitative) etc. 

Several synonymic rows can be found among the units of this field: 

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ëñïÇ Ïïá ñÁ - ëñïÇ ïÇ ñáõ ÑÇ - ëñïÇ Ã³ ·áõ ÑÇ - ëñïÇ ïÇ ñ³ ϳÉ,
ëÇñ ïÁ ·» ñ»É - ëÇñ ïÁ Ýí³ ×»É - ëÇñ ïÁ ·ñ³ í»É - ëñïÇÝ ïÇ ñ»É,
ëÇñ ïÁ ë³é ã»É - ëÇñ ïÁ å³ Õ»É - ëÇñ ïÁ å³ Õ»ó Ý»É - ëÇñ ïÁ Ïïñ»É -
ëÇñ ïÁ Ïïñí»É - ëÇñ ïÁ ³ ݳ å³ï ¹³ñÓ Ý»É - ëÇñ ïÁ Ù»éó Ý»É - ëÇñ ïÁ
¹³ ï³ñÏ ÙݳÉ,
ëÇñ ïÁ ÁÝÏ Ý»É - ëÇñ ïÁ ëÇ ñáí Éóí»É - ë» ñÁ ëÇñ ïÁ ·ó»É - ëÇñ ïÁ ÷á -
ñÇó ѳ Ý»É, ï³ Ý»É ëÇñ ïÁ Ïåã»É - ëÇñ ïÁ ó ÷³Ý ó»É,
çàâ ëàäåòü ñåðäöåì - çàâîå âàòü ñåðäöå - ïîêîðÿòü ñåðäöå,
äà ìà ñåðäöà -  èçá ðàííèê ñåðäöà,
íàéòè äîñòóï ê ñåðäöó - âîéòè â ñåðäöå,
give one’s heart to sb/sth - lose one’s heart to sb./sth. - set one’s heart on
sb./sth.,
have one’s heart in sth - put heart and soul in sth.,
take possession of one’s heart - win one’s heart.

There aren’t antonymic units within the first and the second groups, but on the whole
the units of the first group are in antonymic relations with those of the second group: 

ëÇñ ïÁ ½μ³Õ í³Í ÉÇ Ý»É - ëÇñïÝ ³ ½³ï ÉÇ Ý»É
ëÇñ ïÁ ëÇ ñáí Éóí»É - ëÇñ ïÁ ¹³ ï³ñÏ ÉÇ Ý»É
ëÇñ ïÁ ï³ ù³ó Ý»É - ëÇñ ïÁ å³ Õ»ó Ý»É/ë³é ã»É
ïî ñåðäöó - íå ïî ñåðäöó
have a soft corner in one’s heart - the heart hardens.

The phraseological units of this field are used in different functional styles of the lan-
guage. Some of them are used in colloquial language, one or two – in dialects (in
Armenian). Fiction is in fact very rich in them.

The investigation of the phraseological units of this semantic field indicates that some
of the units in different languages have their equivalents in one or two languages. These
equivalents are mostly both semantic and componential:

ëñïÇÝ ïÇ ñ»É - çàâ ëàäåòü ñåðäöåì - possess one’s/sb.’s heart/take pos-
session of sb.’s heart,
ëñïÇ Ù»ç ÙïÝ»É - âîéòè â ñåðäöå,
ëñïÇ ïÇ ñáõ ÑÇ - ëñïÇ Ã³ ·áõ ÑÇ - ëñïÇ ³ é³ñ ϳ - ëñïÇ ï»ñ/ïÇ ñ³ -
Ï³É - äà ìà ñåðäöà - èçá ðàí í èê ñåðäöà,
ëÇñ ïÁ Ýí³ ×»É - çàâîå âàòü ñåðäöå - win sb’s heart,
ëÇñ ïÁ ï³É - ëÇñ ïÁ ѳÝÓ Ý»É - î ò äà âàò ü ñåðäöå - give one’s heart
to sb,
ëÇñ ïÁ ·» ñ»É - ïîêîðÿòü ñåðäöå,
ëñïÇÝ Ùáï ÉÇ Ý»É - be close to one’s heart,
ëÇñ ïÁ ë³ éÁ ÉÇ Ý»É - the heart hardens,
ñåðäöå ìî¸ - dear heart.

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As we can see there are many similarities and differences between the seman-
tic, structural and grammatical characteristics of the phraseological units studied in the
paper. These similarities indicate to commonness and differences, universal features and
certain peculiarities typical of the linguistic thinking of different peoples.

Dictionaries:

1. Brewer’s Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. (1956)  London: Harper Collins
Publishers.

2. Kunin, A.V. (1984) Anglo-russky phrazeologicheski slovar. M.: Russky yazik.
3. Phrazeologicheski slovar russkogo yazika. (1978) Ed.  Molotkova A.I. M.: Russki

yazik.
4. Sukiasyan, A., Galstyan, S. (1975) Hayots lezvi dardsvatsabanakan bararan.

Yerevan: YSU Publishers.
5. Zhamanakakits hayots lezvi batsatrakan bararan (1969 –1980) Yerevan: ASRA

Publishers.

Sources of Data:

1. Aghayan, Gh. (1979) Yerker. Yerevan: Sovetakan grogh.
2. Collins, W. (1934) The Woman in White. UK: Chapman and Hall.
3. Cronin, A.J. (1963) Hatter’s Castle. M.: FL Publishers.
4. Cronin, A.J. (1957) The Citadel. M.: FL Publishers.
5. Demirchian, D. (1987) Vardanank. Yervan: Luys.
6. Dostoyevski, F.M. (1981) Idiot. M.: Pravda.
7. Dreiser, Th. (1968) Sister Carrie. M.: FL Publishers.
8. Galsworthy, J. (1955) To Let. M.: Progress Publishers.
9. Galsworthy, J. (1955) In Chancery. M.: Progress Publishers.
10. Galsworthy, J. (1955) The Man of Property. M.: Progress Publishers.
11. Goncharov, I.A. (1968) Obyknovennaya istoria. M.: Khudozhestvennaya literatura.
12. Hugo, V. (1987) Tshvarner. Yerevan: Luys.
13. Isahakyan, A. (1973) Yerkeri zhoghovatsu. Vol. I. Yerevan: Hayastan.
14. Proshyan, P. (1968) Hatsi khndir. Yerevan: Hayastan.
15. Pushkin, A.S. (1982) Poemy. M.: Khudozhestvennaya literatura.
16. Raffi, (1984) Yerkeri zhoghovatsu. Vol. I, II, III. Yerevan: Sovetakan grogh.
17. Sevak, P. (1968) Yerkeri zhoghovatsu. Vol. I. Yerevan: Hayastan.
18. Shirvanzade, A. (1950) Yerkeri liakatar zhoghovatsu. Vol. VI. Yerevan: Pethrat.
19. Shirvanzade, A.(1995) Chaos. Yerevan: Luys.
20. Turgenev, I.S. (1979) Tri vstrechi. Leningrad: Khudozhestvennaya literatura.
21. Turgenev, I.S. (1952) Dvoryanskoye gnezdo. M.: Khudozhestvennaya literatura.
22. Turgenev, I.S. (1977-78) Sobraniye sochineniy. Vol. V. M.: Khudozhestvennaya lite -

ratura.

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23. Toumanyan, H. (1990-1996) Yerkeri liakatar zhoghovatsu. Yerevan: ASRA
Publishers.

24. Torgomyan, Ts., (1959) Anmar krakner. Yerevan: Haypethrat.
25. Totovents, V. (1988) Yerker. Yerevan: Nairi.
26. Zoryan, S. (1960) Yerkeri zhoghovatsu. Vol. I, II. Yerevan: Hayastan.

§êÇñï¦  μ³Õ³¹ñÇãáí ë»ñ ¨ ÝíÇñáõÙ ³ñï³Ñ³ÛïáÕ ¹³ñÓí³ÍùÝ»ñ

êáõÛÝ Ñá¹ í³ ÍÇ Ýå³ ï³ ÏÁ ѳ Û» ñ» ÝÇ, éáõ ë» ñ» ÝÇ ¨ ³Ý· É» ñ» ÝÇ §ëÇñï¦ μ³ Õ³¹ -
ñÇ ãáí ë»ñ ¨ ÝíÇ ñáõÙ ³ñ ï³ Ñ³Û ïáÕ ¹³ñÓ í³Íù Ý» ñÇ áõ ëáõ٠ݳ ëÇ ñáõà Ûáõ ÝÁ, í»ñ Éáõ -
Íáõà ÛáõÝÝ áõ ½áõ ·³¹ ñáõÙÝ ¿: Üßí³Í É» ½áõ Ý» ñáõÙ ³Û¹ ¹³ñÓ í³Íù Ý» ñÁ áõ Ý»Ý Ï³ -
éáõó í³Í ù³ ÛÇÝ, ù» ñ³ ϳ ݳ ϳÝ, á ׳ Ï³Ý ¨ Ç Ù³ë ï³ μ³ Ý³ Ï³Ý Áѹ Ñ³Ý ñáõà ÛáõÝ -
Ý»ñ ¨ ï³ñ μ» ñáõà ÛáõÝ Ý»ñ: Àݹ Ñ³Ý ñáõà ÛáõÝ Ý»ñÝ ³ñ ï³ óá ÉáõÙ »Ý Ýßí³Í É» ½áõ Ý» ñáí
Ëá ëáÕ Åá Õá íáõñ¹ Ý» ñÇ É»½ í³Ù ï³ Íá ÕáõÃ Û³Ý Áݹ Ñ³Ý ñáõà ÛáõÝ Ý» ñÁ, ÙÇÝã ¹»é ï³ñ -
μ» ñáõà ÛáõÝ Ý» ñÁ íϳ ÛáõÙ »Ý ïíÛ³É Åá Õáíñ ¹Ç É»½ í³Ù ï³ Íá ÕáõÃ Û³Ý Ûáõ ñ³ ѳï Ïáõà -
ÛáõÝ Ý» ñÇ Ù³ ëÇÝ:

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