id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
abrj-353	1	1	7	7	NUM
abrj-353	1	2	©	©	PROPN
abrj-353	1	3	2025	2025	NUM
abrj-353	1	4	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	1	5	the	the	DET
abrj-353	1	6	authors	author	NOUN
abrj-353	1	7	;	;	PUNCT
abrj-353	1	8	licensee	licensee	NOUN
abrj-353	1	9	eastern	eastern	ADJ
abrj-353	1	10	centre	centre	NOUN
abrj-353	1	11	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	1	12	science	science	NOUN
abrj-353	1	13	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	1	14	education	education	NOUN
abrj-353	1	15	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	1	16	usa	usa	PROPN
abrj-353	1	17	asian	asian	PROPN
abrj-353	1	18	business	business	PROPN
abrj-353	1	19	research	research	PROPN
abrj-353	1	20	journal	journal	PROPN
abrj-353	1	21	vol	vol	NOUN
abrj-353	1	22	.	.	PROPN
abrj-353	2	1	10	10	NUM
abrj-353	2	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	2	3	no	no	INTJ
abrj-353	2	4	.	.	NOUN
abrj-353	2	5	4	4	NUM
abrj-353	2	6	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	2	7	7	7	NUM
abrj-353	2	8	-	-	SYM
abrj-353	2	9	19	19	NUM
abrj-353	2	10	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	2	11	2025	2025	NUM
abrj-353	2	12	issn	issn	NOUN
abrj-353	2	13	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	2	14	2576	2576	NUM
abrj-353	2	15	-	-	SYM
abrj-353	2	16	6759	6759	NUM
abrj-353	2	17	doi	doi	NOUN
abrj-353	2	18	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	2	19	10.55220/25766759.353	10.55220/25766759.353	NUM
abrj-353	2	20	©	©	PROPN
abrj-353	2	21	2025	2025	NUM
abrj-353	2	22	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	2	23	the	the	DET
abrj-353	2	24	authors	author	NOUN
abrj-353	2	25	;	;	PUNCT
abrj-353	2	26	licensee	licensee	NOUN
abrj-353	2	27	eastern	eastern	ADJ
abrj-353	2	28	centre	centre	NOUN
abrj-353	2	29	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	2	30	science	science	NOUN
abrj-353	2	31	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	2	32	education	education	NOUN
abrj-353	2	33	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	2	34	usa	usa	PROPN
abrj-353	2	35	determinants	determinant	NOUN
abrj-353	2	36	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	2	37	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	2	38	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	2	39	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	2	40	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	2	41	joseph	joseph	PROPN
abrj-353	2	42	seun	seun	PROPN
abrj-353	2	43	kolawole1	kolawole1	PROPN
abrj-353	2	44	adeyemi	adeyemi	ADP
abrj-353	3	1	wasiu	wasiu	PROPN
abrj-353	3	2	alabi2	alabi2	PROPN
abrj-353	3	3	gbenga	gbenga	PROPN
abrj-353	3	4	ayodele	ayodele	PROPN
abrj-353	3	5	falana3	falana3	NOUN
abrj-353	4	1	1,3department	1,3department	NUM
abrj-353	4	2	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	4	3	accounting	accounting	NOUN
abrj-353	4	4	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	4	5	college	college	NOUN
abrj-353	4	6	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	4	7	social	social	ADJ
abrj-353	4	8	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	4	9	management	management	NOUN
abrj-353	4	10	science	science	NOUN
abrj-353	4	11	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	4	12	afe	afe	PROPN
abrj-353	4	13	babalola	babalola	PROPN
abrj-353	4	14	university	university	PROPN
abrj-353	4	15	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	4	16	ekiti	ekiti	PROPN
abrj-353	4	17	state	state	PROPN
abrj-353	4	18	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	4	19	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	4	20	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	5	1	email	email	NOUN
abrj-353	5	2	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	5	3	kolawolejs@pg.abuad.edu.ng	kolawolejs@pg.abuad.edu.ng	X
abrj-353	5	4	email	email	NOUN
abrj-353	5	5	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	5	6	falanaga@pg.abuad.edu.ng	falanaga@pg.abuad.edu.ng	PROPN
abrj-353	6	1	2department	2department	NUM
abrj-353	6	2	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	6	3	accounting	accounting	NOUN
abrj-353	6	4	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	6	5	babcock	babcock	PROPN
abrj-353	6	6	business	business	PROPN
abrj-353	6	7	school	school	PROPN
abrj-353	6	8	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	6	9	babcock	babcock	PROPN
abrj-353	6	10	university	university	PROPN
abrj-353	6	11	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	6	12	ilishan	ilishan	NOUN
abrj-353	6	13	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	6	14	remo	remo	NOUN
abrj-353	6	15	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	6	16	ogun	ogun	PROPN
abrj-353	6	17	state	state	PROPN
abrj-353	6	18	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	6	19	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	6	20	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	7	1	email	email	NOUN
abrj-353	7	2	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	7	3	alabi0696@babcock.edu.ng	alabi0696@babcock.edu.ng	ADJ
abrj-353	7	4	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	7	5			PROPN
abrj-353	7	6	corresponding	correspond	VERB
abrj-353	7	7	author	author	NOUN
abrj-353	7	8	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	7	9	abstract	abstract	ADP
abrj-353	7	10	the	the	DET
abrj-353	7	11	below	below	ADP
abrj-353	7	12	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	7	13	par	par	NOUN
abrj-353	7	14	performance	performance	NOUN
abrj-353	7	15	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	7	16	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	7	17	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	7	18	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	7	19	bi	bi	NOUN
abrj-353	7	20	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	7	21	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	7	22	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	7	23	has	have	AUX
abrj-353	7	24	contributed	contribute	VERB
abrj-353	7	25	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	7	26	the	the	DET
abrj-353	7	27	country	country	NOUN
abrj-353	7	28	’s	’s	PART
abrj-353	7	29	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	7	30	instability	instability	NOUN
abrj-353	7	31	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	7	32	public	public	ADJ
abrj-353	7	33	distrust	distrust	NOUN
abrj-353	7	34	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	7	35	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	7	36	policies	policy	NOUN
abrj-353	7	37	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	8	1	this	this	DET
abrj-353	8	2	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	8	3	primarily	primarily	ADV
abrj-353	8	4	investigates	investigate	VERB
abrj-353	8	5	the	the	DET
abrj-353	8	6	determinants	determinant	NOUN
abrj-353	8	7	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	8	8	bi	bi	NOUN
abrj-353	8	9	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	8	10	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	8	11	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	8	12	focusing	focus	VERB
abrj-353	8	13	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	8	14	foreign	foreign	ADJ
abrj-353	8	15	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	8	16	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	8	17	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	8	18	fexr	fexr	ADJ
abrj-353	8	19	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	8	20	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	8	21	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	8	22	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	8	23	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	8	24	infr	infr	PROPN
abrj-353	8	25	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	8	26	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	8	27	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	8	28	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	8	29	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	8	30	intr	intr	PROPN
abrj-353	8	31	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	8	32	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	8	33	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	8	34	corruption	corruption	NOUN
abrj-353	8	35	control	control	NOUN
abrj-353	8	36	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	8	37	cinr	cinr	PROPN
abrj-353	8	38	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	8	39	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	9	1	using	use	VERB
abrj-353	9	2	annual	annual	ADJ
abrj-353	9	3	data	datum	NOUN
abrj-353	9	4	from	from	ADP
abrj-353	9	5	2008	2008	NUM
abrj-353	9	6	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	9	7	2024	2024	NUM
abrj-353	9	8	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	9	9	this	this	DET
abrj-353	9	10	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	9	11	employs	employ	VERB
abrj-353	9	12	time	time	NOUN
abrj-353	9	13	series	series	NOUN
abrj-353	9	14	analysis	analysis	NOUN
abrj-353	9	15	to	to	PART
abrj-353	9	16	examine	examine	VERB
abrj-353	9	17	the	the	DET
abrj-353	9	18	causal	causal	ADJ
abrj-353	9	19	relationships	relationship	NOUN
abrj-353	9	20	between	between	ADP
abrj-353	9	21	key	key	ADJ
abrj-353	9	22	macroeconomic	macroeconomic	ADJ
abrj-353	9	23	variables	variable	NOUN
abrj-353	9	24	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	9	25	bi	bi	PROPN
abrj-353	9	26	.	.	PROPN
abrj-353	9	27	findings	finding	NOUN
abrj-353	9	28	reveal	reveal	VERB
abrj-353	9	29	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	9	30	fexr	fexr	NOUN
abrj-353	9	31	significantly	significantly	ADV
abrj-353	9	32	influences	influence	VERB
abrj-353	9	33	bi	bi	NOUN
abrj-353	9	34	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	9	35	underscoring	underscore	VERB
abrj-353	9	36	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	9	37	’s	’s	PART
abrj-353	9	38	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	9	39	vulnerability	vulnerability	NOUN
abrj-353	9	40	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	9	41	fexr	fexr	ADJ
abrj-353	9	42	fluctuations	fluctuation	NOUN
abrj-353	9	43	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	10	1	intr	intr	PROPN
abrj-353	10	2	also	also	ADV
abrj-353	10	3	exhibits	exhibit	VERB
abrj-353	10	4	a	a	DET
abrj-353	10	5	significant	significant	ADJ
abrj-353	10	6	impact	impact	NOUN
abrj-353	10	7	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	10	8	bi	bi	NOUN
abrj-353	10	9	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	10	10	highlighting	highlight	VERB
abrj-353	10	11	the	the	DET
abrj-353	10	12	importance	importance	NOUN
abrj-353	10	13	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	10	14	intr	intr	NOUN
abrj-353	10	15	policies	policy	NOUN
abrj-353	10	16	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	10	17	bi	bi	NOUN
abrj-353	10	18	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	11	1	conversely	conversely	ADV
abrj-353	11	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	11	3	infr	infr	PROPN
abrj-353	11	4	has	have	VERB
abrj-353	11	5	no	no	DET
abrj-353	11	6	direct	direct	ADJ
abrj-353	11	7	effect	effect	NOUN
abrj-353	11	8	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	11	9	bi	bi	NOUN
abrj-353	11	10	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	11	11	suggesting	suggest	VERB
abrj-353	11	12	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	11	13	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	11	14	’s	’s	PART
abrj-353	11	15	influence	influence	NOUN
abrj-353	11	16	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	11	17	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	11	18	performance	performance	NOUN
abrj-353	11	19	is	be	AUX
abrj-353	11	20	secondary	secondary	ADJ
abrj-353	11	21	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	12	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	12	2	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	12	3	concludes	conclude	VERB
abrj-353	12	4	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	12	5	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	12	6	’s	’s	PART
abrj-353	12	7	bi	bi	NOUN
abrj-353	12	8	is	be	AUX
abrj-353	12	9	usually	usually	ADV
abrj-353	12	10	undermined	undermined	ADJ
abrj-353	12	11	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	12	12	disrupted	disrupt	VERB
abrj-353	12	13	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	12	14	fexr	fexr	ADJ
abrj-353	12	15	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	12	16	intr	intr	NOUN
abrj-353	12	17	instability	instability	NOUN
abrj-353	12	18	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	13	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	13	2	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	13	3	recommends	recommend	VERB
abrj-353	13	4	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	13	5	the	the	DET
abrj-353	13	6	nigerian	nigerian	ADJ
abrj-353	13	7	government	government	NOUN
abrj-353	13	8	prioritize	prioritize	VERB
abrj-353	13	9	fexr	fexr	ADJ
abrj-353	13	10	stability	stability	NOUN
abrj-353	13	11	through	through	ADP
abrj-353	13	12	sound	sound	ADJ
abrj-353	13	13	monetary	monetary	ADJ
abrj-353	13	14	policies	policy	NOUN
abrj-353	13	15	to	to	PART
abrj-353	13	16	mitigate	mitigate	VERB
abrj-353	13	17	currency	currency	NOUN
abrj-353	13	18	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	13	19	related	relate	VERB
abrj-353	13	20	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	13	21	risks	risk	NOUN
abrj-353	13	22	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	14	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
abrj-353	14	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	14	3	the	the	DET
abrj-353	14	4	central	central	ADJ
abrj-353	14	5	bank	bank	PROPN
abrj-353	14	6	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	14	7	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	14	8	should	should	AUX
abrj-353	14	9	implement	implement	VERB
abrj-353	14	10	measures	measure	NOUN
abrj-353	14	11	to	to	PART
abrj-353	14	12	maintain	maintain	VERB
abrj-353	14	13	favorable	favorable	ADJ
abrj-353	14	14	intr	intr	NOUN
abrj-353	14	15	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	14	16	ensuring	ensure	VERB
abrj-353	14	17	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	14	18	borrowing	borrowing	NOUN
abrj-353	14	19	costs	cost	NOUN
abrj-353	14	20	do	do	AUX
abrj-353	14	21	not	not	PART
abrj-353	14	22	hinder	hinder	VERB
abrj-353	14	23	bi	bi	NOUN
abrj-353	14	24	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	15	1	strengthening	strengthen	VERB
abrj-353	15	2	institutional	institutional	ADJ
abrj-353	15	3	accountability	accountability	NOUN
abrj-353	15	4	is	be	AUX
abrj-353	15	5	essential	essential	ADJ
abrj-353	15	6	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	15	7	minimizing	minimize	VERB
abrj-353	15	8	corruption	corruption	NOUN
abrj-353	15	9	’s	’s	PART
abrj-353	15	10	negative	negative	ADJ
abrj-353	15	11	effects	effect	NOUN
abrj-353	15	12	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	15	13	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	15	14	performance	performance	NOUN
abrj-353	15	15	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	16	1	these	these	DET
abrj-353	16	2	findings	finding	NOUN
abrj-353	16	3	provide	provide	VERB
abrj-353	16	4	valuable	valuable	ADJ
abrj-353	16	5	insights	insight	NOUN
abrj-353	16	6	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	16	7	policymakers	policymaker	NOUN
abrj-353	16	8	seeking	seek	VERB
abrj-353	16	9	to	to	PART
abrj-353	16	10	enhance	enhance	VERB
abrj-353	16	11	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	16	12	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
abrj-353	16	13	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	16	14	promote	promote	VERB
abrj-353	16	15	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
abrj-353	16	16	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	16	17	development	development	NOUN
abrj-353	16	18	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	16	19	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	16	20	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	17	1	keywords	keyword	NOUN
abrj-353	17	2	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	17	3	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	17	4	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	17	5	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	17	6	corruption	corruption	NOUN
abrj-353	17	7	index	index	NOUN
abrj-353	17	8	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	17	9	foreign	foreign	ADJ
abrj-353	17	10	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	17	11	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	17	12	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	17	13	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	17	14	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	17	15	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	17	16	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	17	17	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	17	18	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	18	1	1	1	X
abrj-353	18	2	.	.	X
abrj-353	18	3	introduction	introduction	NOUN
abrj-353	18	4	the	the	DET
abrj-353	18	5	consistent	consistent	ADJ
abrj-353	18	6	failure	failure	NOUN
abrj-353	18	7	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	18	8	african	african	ADJ
abrj-353	18	9	governments	government	NOUN
abrj-353	18	10	to	to	PART
abrj-353	18	11	implement	implement	VERB
abrj-353	18	12	budgets	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	18	13	effectively	effectively	ADV
abrj-353	18	14	continues	continue	VERB
abrj-353	18	15	to	to	PART
abrj-353	18	16	erode	erode	VERB
abrj-353	18	17	public	public	ADJ
abrj-353	18	18	confidence	confidence	NOUN
abrj-353	18	19	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	18	20	governmental	governmental	ADJ
abrj-353	18	21	institutions	institution	NOUN
abrj-353	18	22	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	19	1	citizens	citizen	NOUN
abrj-353	19	2	become	become	VERB
abrj-353	19	3	disillusioned	disillusioned	ADJ
abrj-353	19	4	with	with	ADP
abrj-353	19	5	the	the	DET
abrj-353	19	6	government	government	NOUN
abrj-353	19	7	's	's	PART
abrj-353	19	8	ability	ability	NOUN
abrj-353	19	9	to	to	PART
abrj-353	19	10	manage	manage	VERB
abrj-353	19	11	public	public	ADJ
abrj-353	19	12	resources	resource	NOUN
abrj-353	19	13	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	19	14	which	which	PRON
abrj-353	19	15	has	have	AUX
abrj-353	19	16	led	lead	VERB
abrj-353	19	17	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	19	18	apathy	apathy	NOUN
abrj-353	19	19	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	19	20	reduced	reduce	VERB
abrj-353	19	21	civic	civic	ADJ
abrj-353	19	22	engagement	engagement	NOUN
abrj-353	19	23	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	20	1	there	there	PRON
abrj-353	20	2	may	may	AUX
abrj-353	20	3	be	be	AUX
abrj-353	20	4	a	a	DET
abrj-353	20	5	time	time	NOUN
abrj-353	20	6	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	20	7	the	the	DET
abrj-353	20	8	future	future	NOUN
abrj-353	20	9	when	when	SCONJ
abrj-353	20	10	citizens	citizen	NOUN
abrj-353	20	11	will	will	AUX
abrj-353	20	12	rise	rise	VERB
abrj-353	20	13	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	20	14	agitation	agitation	NOUN
abrj-353	20	15	against	against	ADP
abrj-353	20	16	the	the	DET
abrj-353	20	17	governments	government	NOUN
abrj-353	20	18	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	20	19	africa	africa	PROPN
abrj-353	20	20	due	due	ADP
abrj-353	20	21	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	20	22	public	public	ADJ
abrj-353	20	23	distrust	distrust	NOUN
abrj-353	20	24	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	20	25	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	20	26	policies	policy	NOUN
abrj-353	20	27	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	20	28	bredino	bredino	NOUN
abrj-353	20	29	et	et	PROPN
abrj-353	20	30	al	al	PROPN
abrj-353	20	31	.	.	PROPN
abrj-353	20	32	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	20	33	2022	2022	NUM
abrj-353	20	34	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	20	35	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	21	1	nwala	nwala	PROPN
abrj-353	21	2	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	21	3	ogboji	ogboji	PROPN
abrj-353	21	4	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	21	5	2020	2020	NUM
abrj-353	21	6	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	21	7	opined	opine	VERB
abrj-353	21	8	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	21	9	discrepancies	discrepancy	NOUN
abrj-353	21	10	between	between	ADP
abrj-353	21	11	planned	planned	ADJ
abrj-353	21	12	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	21	13	actual	actual	ADJ
abrj-353	21	14	expenditures	expenditure	NOUN
abrj-353	21	15	can	can	AUX
abrj-353	21	16	result	result	VERB
abrj-353	21	17	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	21	18	stalled	stall	VERB
abrj-353	21	19	projects	project	NOUN
abrj-353	21	20	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	21	21	underutilized	underutilized	ADJ
abrj-353	21	22	investments	investment	NOUN
abrj-353	21	23	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	21	24	thereby	thereby	ADV
abrj-353	21	25	limiting	limit	VERB
abrj-353	21	26	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	21	27	progress	progress	NOUN
abrj-353	21	28	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	22	1	this	this	DET
abrj-353	22	2	highlights	highlight	NOUN
abrj-353	22	3	that	that	PRON
abrj-353	22	4	ineffective	ineffective	ADJ
abrj-353	22	5	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	22	6	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	22	7	often	often	ADV
abrj-353	22	8	leads	lead	VERB
abrj-353	22	9	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	22	10	suboptimal	suboptimal	ADJ
abrj-353	22	11	allocation	allocation	NOUN
abrj-353	22	12	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	22	13	utilization	utilization	NOUN
abrj-353	22	14	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	22	15	resources	resource	NOUN
abrj-353	22	16	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	22	17	hindering	hinder	VERB
abrj-353	22	18	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	22	19	growth	growth	NOUN
abrj-353	22	20	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	23	1	sedgo	sedgo	PROPN
abrj-353	23	2	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	23	3	omgba	omgba	PROPN
abrj-353	23	4	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	23	5	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	23	6	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	23	7	argue	argue	VERB
abrj-353	23	8	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	23	9	ineffective	ineffective	ADJ
abrj-353	23	10	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	23	11	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	23	12	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	23	13	africa	africa	PROPN
abrj-353	23	14	fosters	foster	VERB
abrj-353	23	15	corruption	corruption	NOUN
abrj-353	23	16	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	23	17	financial	financial	ADJ
abrj-353	23	18	mismanagement	mismanagement	NOUN
abrj-353	23	19	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	24	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	24	2	misallocation	misallocation	NOUN
abrj-353	24	3	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	24	4	capital	capital	NOUN
abrj-353	24	5	budgets	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	24	6	due	due	ADP
abrj-353	24	7	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	24	8	weak	weak	ADJ
abrj-353	24	9	oversight	oversight	NOUN
abrj-353	24	10	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	24	11	governance	governance	NOUN
abrj-353	24	12	structures	structure	NOUN
abrj-353	24	13	creates	create	VERB
abrj-353	24	14	loopholes	loophole	NOUN
abrj-353	24	15	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	24	16	embezzlement	embezzlement	NOUN
abrj-353	24	17	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	24	18	inefficiencies	inefficiency	NOUN
abrj-353	24	19	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	25	1	this	this	PRON
abrj-353	25	2	leads	lead	VERB
abrj-353	25	3	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	25	4	poor	poor	ADJ
abrj-353	25	5	service	service	NOUN
abrj-353	25	6	delivery	delivery	NOUN
abrj-353	25	7	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	25	8	as	as	SCONJ
abrj-353	25	9	public	public	ADJ
abrj-353	25	10	funds	fund	NOUN
abrj-353	25	11	meant	mean	VERB
abrj-353	25	12	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	25	13	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
abrj-353	25	14	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	25	15	essential	essential	ADJ
abrj-353	25	16	services	service	NOUN
abrj-353	25	17	are	be	AUX
abrj-353	25	18	either	either	CCONJ
abrj-353	25	19	mismanaged	mismanage	VERB
abrj-353	25	20	or	or	CCONJ
abrj-353	25	21	diverted	divert	VERB
abrj-353	25	22	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	26	1	supporting	support	VERB
abrj-353	26	2	studies	study	NOUN
abrj-353	26	3	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	26	4	ibeh	ibeh	PROPN
abrj-353	26	5	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	26	6	2025	2025	NUM
abrj-353	26	7	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	26	8	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	26	9	matovu	matovu	X
abrj-353	26	10	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	26	11	2025	2025	NUM
abrj-353	26	12	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	26	13	reinforce	reinforce	VERB
abrj-353	26	14	this	this	DET
abrj-353	26	15	view	view	NOUN
abrj-353	26	16	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	26	17	highlighting	highlight	VERB
abrj-353	26	18	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	26	19	without	without	ADP
abrj-353	26	20	strong	strong	ADJ
abrj-353	26	21	financial	financial	ADJ
abrj-353	26	22	controls	control	NOUN
abrj-353	26	23	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	26	24	transparency	transparency	NOUN
abrj-353	26	25	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	26	26	budgetary	budgetary	ADJ
abrj-353	26	27	weaknesses	weakness	NOUN
abrj-353	26	28	will	will	AUX
abrj-353	26	29	continue	continue	VERB
abrj-353	26	30	to	to	PART
abrj-353	26	31	hinder	hinder	VERB
abrj-353	26	32	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
abrj-353	26	33	growth	growth	NOUN
abrj-353	26	34	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	26	35	africa	africa	PROPN
abrj-353	26	36	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	27	1	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	27	2	continues	continue	VERB
abrj-353	27	3	to	to	PART
abrj-353	27	4	face	face	VERB
abrj-353	27	5	challenges	challenge	NOUN
abrj-353	27	6	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	27	7	aligning	align	VERB
abrj-353	27	8	budgetary	budgetary	ADJ
abrj-353	27	9	projections	projection	NOUN
abrj-353	27	10	with	with	ADP
abrj-353	27	11	actual	actual	ADJ
abrj-353	27	12	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	27	13	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	28	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	28	2	ministry	ministry	PROPN
abrj-353	28	3	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	28	4	finance	finance	PROPN
abrj-353	28	5	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	28	6	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	28	7	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	28	8	reported	report	VERB
abrj-353	28	9	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	28	10	capital	capital	NOUN
abrj-353	28	11	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	28	12	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	28	13	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	28	14	averaged	average	VERB
abrj-353	28	15	less	less	ADJ
abrj-353	28	16	than	than	ADP
abrj-353	28	17	65	65	NUM
abrj-353	28	18	%	%	NOUN
abrj-353	28	19	between	between	ADP
abrj-353	28	20	2018	2018	NUM
abrj-353	28	21	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	28	22	2022	2022	NUM
abrj-353	28	23	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	28	24	reflecting	reflect	VERB
abrj-353	28	25	administrative	administrative	ADJ
abrj-353	28	26	bottlenecks	bottleneck	NOUN
abrj-353	28	27	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	28	28	revenue	revenue	NOUN
abrj-353	28	29	mobilization	mobilization	NOUN
abrj-353	28	30	challenges	challenge	NOUN
abrj-353	28	31	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	29	1	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	29	2	has	have	AUX
abrj-353	29	3	persistently	persistently	ADV
abrj-353	29	4	grappled	grapple	VERB
abrj-353	29	5	with	with	ADP
abrj-353	29	6	poor	poor	ADJ
abrj-353	29	7	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	29	8	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	29	9	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	29	10	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	29	11	instability	instability	NOUN
abrj-353	29	12	due	due	ADP
abrj-353	29	13	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	29	14	underlying	underlie	VERB
abrj-353	29	15	macroeconomic	macroeconomic	ADJ
abrj-353	29	16	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	29	17	institutional	institutional	ADJ
abrj-353	29	18	constraints	constraint	NOUN
abrj-353	29	19	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	29	20	olawale	olawale	NOUN
abrj-353	29	21	et	et	PROPN
abrj-353	29	22	al	al	PROPN
abrj-353	29	23	.	.	PROPN
abrj-353	29	24	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	29	25	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	29	26	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	29	27	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	30	1	these	these	DET
abrj-353	30	2	challenges	challenge	NOUN
abrj-353	30	3	have	have	AUX
abrj-353	30	4	been	be	AUX
abrj-353	30	5	worsened	worsen	VERB
abrj-353	30	6	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	30	7	corruption	corruption	NOUN
abrj-353	30	8	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	30	9	which	which	PRON
abrj-353	30	10	undermines	undermine	VERB
abrj-353	30	11	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	30	12	discipline	discipline	NOUN
abrj-353	30	13	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	30	14	reduces	reduce	VERB
abrj-353	30	15	the	the	DET
abrj-353	30	16	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
abrj-353	30	17	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	30	18	policy	policy	NOUN
abrj-353	30	19	measures	measure	NOUN
abrj-353	30	20	designed	design	VERB
abrj-353	30	21	to	to	PART
abrj-353	30	22	manage	manage	VERB
abrj-353	30	23	debt	debt	NOUN
abrj-353	30	24	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	30	25	implement	implement	ADJ
abrj-353	30	26	budgets	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	30	27	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	31	1	this	this	PRON
abrj-353	31	2	underscores	underscore	VERB
abrj-353	31	3	why	why	SCONJ
abrj-353	31	4	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	31	5	struggles	struggle	VERB
abrj-353	31	6	with	with	ADP
abrj-353	31	7	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	31	8	instability	instability	NOUN
abrj-353	31	9	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	31	10	ineffective	ineffective	ADJ
abrj-353	31	11	public	public	ADJ
abrj-353	31	12	financial	financial	ADJ
abrj-353	31	13	management	management	NOUN
abrj-353	31	14	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	31	15	limiting	limit	VERB
abrj-353	31	16	the	the	DET
abrj-353	31	17	country	country	NOUN
abrj-353	31	18	’s	’s	PART
abrj-353	31	19	ability	ability	NOUN
abrj-353	31	20	to	to	PART
abrj-353	31	21	achieve	achieve	VERB
abrj-353	31	22	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
abrj-353	31	23	development	development	NOUN
abrj-353	31	24	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	32	1	effective	effective	ADJ
abrj-353	32	2	execution	execution	NOUN
abrj-353	32	3	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	32	4	budgetary	budgetary	ADJ
abrj-353	32	5	plans	plan	NOUN
abrj-353	32	6	is	be	AUX
abrj-353	32	7	essential	essential	ADJ
abrj-353	32	8	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	32	9	achieving	achieve	VERB
abrj-353	32	10	long	long	ADJ
abrj-353	32	11	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	32	12	term	term	NOUN
abrj-353	32	13	development	development	NOUN
abrj-353	32	14	goals	goal	NOUN
abrj-353	32	15	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	32	16	ensuring	ensure	VERB
abrj-353	32	17	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	32	18	government	government	NOUN
abrj-353	32	19	spending	spending	NOUN
abrj-353	32	20	aligns	align	VERB
abrj-353	32	21	with	with	ADP
abrj-353	32	22	developmental	developmental	ADJ
abrj-353	32	23	priorities	priority	NOUN
abrj-353	32	24	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	32	25	fatukasi	fatukasi	PROPN
abrj-353	32	26	et	et	PROPN
abrj-353	32	27	al	al	PROPN
abrj-353	32	28	.	.	PROPN
abrj-353	32	29	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	32	30	2020	2020	NUM
abrj-353	32	31	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	32	32	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	33	1	however	however	ADV
abrj-353	33	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	33	3	despite	despite	SCONJ
abrj-353	33	4	successive	successive	ADJ
abrj-353	33	5	mailto:kolawolejs@pg.abuad.edu.ng	mailto:kolawolejs@pg.abuad.edu.ng	NOUN
abrj-353	33	6	mailto:falanaga@pg.abuad.edu.ng	mailto:falanaga@pg.abuad.edu.ng	NOUN
abrj-353	33	7	mailto:alabi0696@babcock.edu.ng	mailto:alabi0696@babcock.edu.ng	X
abrj-353	33	8	https://doi.org/10.55220/25766759.353	https://doi.org/10.55220/25766759.353	PROPN
abrj-353	33	9	asian	asian	PROPN
abrj-353	33	10	business	business	PROPN
abrj-353	33	11	research	research	NOUN
abrj-353	33	12	journal	journal	NOUN
abrj-353	33	13	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	33	14	2025	2025	NUM
abrj-353	33	15	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	33	16	10(4	10(4	NUM
abrj-353	33	17	):	):	PUNCT
abrj-353	33	18	7	7	NUM
abrj-353	33	19	-	-	SYM
abrj-353	33	20	19	19	NUM
abrj-353	33	21	8	8	NUM
abrj-353	33	22	©	©	ADP
abrj-353	33	23	2025	2025	NUM
abrj-353	33	24	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	33	25	the	the	DET
abrj-353	33	26	authors	author	NOUN
abrj-353	33	27	;	;	PUNCT
abrj-353	33	28	licensee	licensee	NOUN
abrj-353	33	29	eastern	eastern	ADJ
abrj-353	33	30	centre	centre	NOUN
abrj-353	33	31	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	33	32	science	science	NOUN
abrj-353	33	33	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	33	34	education	education	NOUN
abrj-353	33	35	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	33	36	usa	usa	PROPN
abrj-353	33	37	reforms	reform	NOUN
abrj-353	33	38	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	33	39	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	33	40	continues	continue	VERB
abrj-353	33	41	to	to	PART
abrj-353	33	42	face	face	VERB
abrj-353	33	43	obstacles	obstacle	NOUN
abrj-353	33	44	such	such	ADJ
abrj-353	33	45	as	as	ADP
abrj-353	33	46	delayed	delay	VERB
abrj-353	33	47	project	project	NOUN
abrj-353	33	48	execution	execution	NOUN
abrj-353	33	49	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	33	50	cost	cost	NOUN
abrj-353	33	51	overruns	overrun	NOUN
abrj-353	33	52	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	33	53	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	33	54	inadequate	inadequate	ADJ
abrj-353	33	55	resource	resource	NOUN
abrj-353	33	56	allocation	allocation	NOUN
abrj-353	33	57	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	33	58	compounded	compound	VERB
abrj-353	33	59	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	33	60	external	external	ADJ
abrj-353	33	61	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	33	62	shocks	shock	NOUN
abrj-353	33	63	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	33	64	structural	structural	ADJ
abrj-353	33	65	inefficiencies	inefficiency	NOUN
abrj-353	33	66	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	33	67	ministry	ministry	NOUN
abrj-353	33	68	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	33	69	finance	finance	NOUN
abrj-353	33	70	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	33	71	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	33	72	;	;	PUNCT
abrj-353	33	73	debt	debt	NOUN
abrj-353	33	74	management	management	NOUN
abrj-353	33	75	office	office	NOUN
abrj-353	33	76	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	33	77	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	33	78	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	33	79	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	34	1	while	while	SCONJ
abrj-353	34	2	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	34	3	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	34	4	is	be	AUX
abrj-353	34	5	an	an	DET
abrj-353	34	6	important	important	ADJ
abrj-353	34	7	aspect	aspect	NOUN
abrj-353	34	8	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	34	9	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	34	10	management	management	NOUN
abrj-353	34	11	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	34	12	understanding	understand	VERB
abrj-353	34	13	the	the	DET
abrj-353	34	14	determinants	determinant	NOUN
abrj-353	34	15	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	34	16	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	34	17	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	34	18	is	be	AUX
abrj-353	34	19	crucial	crucial	ADJ
abrj-353	34	20	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	34	21	designing	design	VERB
abrj-353	34	22	effective	effective	ADJ
abrj-353	34	23	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	34	24	policies	policy	NOUN
abrj-353	34	25	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	35	1	identifying	identify	VERB
abrj-353	35	2	key	key	ADJ
abrj-353	35	3	factors	factor	NOUN
abrj-353	35	4	such	such	ADJ
abrj-353	35	5	as	as	ADP
abrj-353	35	6	foreign	foreign	ADJ
abrj-353	35	7	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	35	8	stability	stability	NOUN
abrj-353	35	9	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	35	10	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	35	11	control	control	NOUN
abrj-353	35	12	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	35	13	improved	improve	VERB
abrj-353	35	14	revenue	revenue	NOUN
abrj-353	35	15	generation	generation	NOUN
abrj-353	35	16	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	35	17	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	35	18	institutional	institutional	ADJ
abrj-353	35	19	accountability	accountability	NOUN
abrj-353	35	20	will	will	AUX
abrj-353	35	21	empower	empower	VERB
abrj-353	35	22	policymakers	policymaker	NOUN
abrj-353	35	23	to	to	PART
abrj-353	35	24	address	address	VERB
abrj-353	35	25	these	these	DET
abrj-353	35	26	challenges	challenge	NOUN
abrj-353	35	27	more	more	ADV
abrj-353	35	28	strategically	strategically	ADV
abrj-353	35	29	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	35	30	michael	michael	PROPN
abrj-353	35	31	et	et	PROPN
abrj-353	35	32	al	al	PROPN
abrj-353	35	33	.	.	PROPN
abrj-353	35	34	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	35	35	2020	2020	NUM
abrj-353	35	36	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	35	37	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	36	1	existing	exist	VERB
abrj-353	36	2	research	research	NOUN
abrj-353	36	3	primarily	primarily	ADV
abrj-353	36	4	focuses	focus	VERB
abrj-353	36	5	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	36	6	the	the	DET
abrj-353	36	7	effects	effect	NOUN
abrj-353	36	8	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	36	9	individual	individual	ADJ
abrj-353	36	10	macroeconomic	macroeconomic	ADJ
abrj-353	36	11	variables	variable	NOUN
abrj-353	36	12	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	36	13	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	36	14	performance	performance	NOUN
abrj-353	36	15	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	36	16	okafor	okafor	PROPN
abrj-353	36	17	et	et	PROPN
abrj-353	36	18	al	al	PROPN
abrj-353	36	19	.	.	PROPN
abrj-353	36	20	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	36	21	2021	2021	NUM
abrj-353	36	22	;	;	PUNCT
abrj-353	36	23	ugwuanyi	ugwuanyi	PROPN
abrj-353	36	24	et	et	PROPN
abrj-353	36	25	al	al	PROPN
abrj-353	36	26	.	.	PROPN
abrj-353	36	27	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	36	28	2021	2021	NUM
abrj-353	36	29	;	;	PUNCT
abrj-353	36	30	onoh	onoh	PROPN
abrj-353	36	31	et	et	PROPN
abrj-353	36	32	al	al	PROPN
abrj-353	36	33	.	.	PROPN
abrj-353	36	34	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	36	35	2021	2021	NUM
abrj-353	36	36	;	;	PUNCT
abrj-353	36	37	onwuka	onwuka	NOUN
abrj-353	36	38	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	36	39	2020	2020	NUM
abrj-353	36	40	;	;	PUNCT
abrj-353	36	41	onyebuchukwu	onyebuchukwu	NOUN
abrj-353	36	42	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	36	43	2019	2019	NUM
abrj-353	36	44	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	36	45	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	36	46	often	often	ADV
abrj-353	36	47	neglecting	neglect	VERB
abrj-353	36	48	their	their	PRON
abrj-353	36	49	combined	combine	VERB
abrj-353	36	50	impact	impact	NOUN
abrj-353	36	51	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	36	52	the	the	DET
abrj-353	36	53	context	context	NOUN
abrj-353	36	54	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	36	55	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	36	56	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	36	57	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	37	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
abrj-353	37	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	37	3	few	few	ADJ
abrj-353	37	4	analyses	analysis	NOUN
abrj-353	37	5	examine	examine	VERB
abrj-353	37	6	how	how	SCONJ
abrj-353	37	7	foreign	foreign	ADJ
abrj-353	37	8	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	37	9	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	37	10	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	37	11	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	37	12	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	37	13	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	37	14	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	37	15	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	37	16	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	37	17	collectively	collectively	ADV
abrj-353	37	18	shape	shape	VERB
abrj-353	37	19	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	37	20	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	37	21	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	37	22	leaving	leave	VERB
abrj-353	37	23	a	a	DET
abrj-353	37	24	significant	significant	ADJ
abrj-353	37	25	gap	gap	NOUN
abrj-353	37	26	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	37	27	understanding	understand	VERB
abrj-353	37	28	the	the	DET
abrj-353	37	29	interplay	interplay	NOUN
abrj-353	37	30	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	37	31	these	these	DET
abrj-353	37	32	variables	variable	NOUN
abrj-353	37	33	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	37	34	the	the	DET
abrj-353	37	35	nigerian	nigerian	ADJ
abrj-353	37	36	context	context	NOUN
abrj-353	37	37	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	37	38	agboola	agboola	PROPN
abrj-353	37	39	&	&	CCONJ
abrj-353	37	40	ojo	ojo	PROPN
abrj-353	37	41	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	37	42	2021	2021	NUM
abrj-353	37	43	;	;	PUNCT
abrj-353	37	44	obi	obi	PROPN
abrj-353	37	45	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	37	46	2020	2020	NUM
abrj-353	37	47	;	;	PUNCT
abrj-353	37	48	charles	charles	PROPN
abrj-353	37	49	&	&	CCONJ
abrj-353	37	50	chilaka	chilaka	ADV
abrj-353	37	51	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	37	52	2019	2019	NUM
abrj-353	37	53	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	37	54	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	38	1	lastly	lastly	ADV
abrj-353	38	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	38	3	studies	study	NOUN
abrj-353	38	4	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	38	5	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	38	6	’s	’s	PART
abrj-353	38	7	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	38	8	performance	performance	NOUN
abrj-353	38	9	seldom	seldom	ADV
abrj-353	38	10	integrate	integrate	VERB
abrj-353	38	11	corruption	corruption	NOUN
abrj-353	38	12	indices	index	NOUN
abrj-353	38	13	as	as	ADP
abrj-353	38	14	critical	critical	ADJ
abrj-353	38	15	variable	variable	ADJ
abrj-353	38	16	influencing	influence	VERB
abrj-353	38	17	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
abrj-353	38	18	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	39	1	to	to	PART
abrj-353	39	2	address	address	VERB
abrj-353	39	3	these	these	DET
abrj-353	39	4	gaps	gap	NOUN
abrj-353	39	5	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	39	6	this	this	DET
abrj-353	39	7	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	39	8	primarily	primarily	ADV
abrj-353	39	9	investigates	investigate	VERB
abrj-353	39	10	the	the	DET
abrj-353	39	11	determinants	determinant	NOUN
abrj-353	39	12	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	39	13	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	39	14	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	39	15	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	39	16	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	39	17	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	39	18	using	use	VERB
abrj-353	39	19	foreign	foreign	ADJ
abrj-353	39	20	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	39	21	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	39	22	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	39	23	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	39	24	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	39	25	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	39	26	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	39	27	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	39	28	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	39	29	as	as	ADP
abrj-353	39	30	proxies	proxy	NOUN
abrj-353	39	31	while	while	SCONJ
abrj-353	39	32	incorporating	incorporate	VERB
abrj-353	39	33	the	the	DET
abrj-353	39	34	corruption	corruption	NOUN
abrj-353	39	35	index	index	NOUN
abrj-353	39	36	as	as	ADP
abrj-353	39	37	a	a	DET
abrj-353	39	38	control	control	NOUN
abrj-353	39	39	variable	variable	NOUN
abrj-353	39	40	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	40	1	specifically	specifically	ADV
abrj-353	40	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	40	3	the	the	DET
abrj-353	40	4	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	40	5	seeks	seek	VERB
abrj-353	40	6	to	to	PART
abrj-353	40	7	examine	examine	VERB
abrj-353	40	8	the	the	DET
abrj-353	40	9	extent	extent	NOUN
abrj-353	40	10	to	to	PART
abrj-353	40	11	which	which	PRON
abrj-353	40	12	foreign	foreign	ADJ
abrj-353	40	13	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	40	14	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	40	15	fluctuations	fluctuation	NOUN
abrj-353	40	16	influence	influence	VERB
abrj-353	40	17	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	40	18	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	40	19	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	40	20	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	40	21	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	40	22	assess	assess	VERB
abrj-353	40	23	the	the	DET
abrj-353	40	24	impact	impact	NOUN
abrj-353	40	25	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	40	26	the	the	DET
abrj-353	40	27	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	40	28	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	40	29	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	40	30	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	40	31	’s	’s	PART
abrj-353	40	32	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	40	33	performance	performance	NOUN
abrj-353	40	34	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	40	35	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
abrj-353	40	36	how	how	SCONJ
abrj-353	40	37	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	40	38	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	40	39	affect	affect	VERB
abrj-353	40	40	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	40	41	execution	execution	NOUN
abrj-353	40	42	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	40	43	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	40	44	analyze	analyze	VERB
abrj-353	40	45	the	the	DET
abrj-353	40	46	moderating	moderate	VERB
abrj-353	40	47	role	role	NOUN
abrj-353	40	48	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	40	49	corruption	corruption	NOUN
abrj-353	40	50	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	40	51	the	the	DET
abrj-353	40	52	relationship	relationship	NOUN
abrj-353	40	53	between	between	ADP
abrj-353	40	54	macroeconomic	macroeconomic	ADJ
abrj-353	40	55	variables	variable	NOUN
abrj-353	40	56	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	40	57	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	40	58	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
abrj-353	40	59	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	41	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	41	2	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	41	3	focuses	focus	VERB
abrj-353	41	4	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	41	5	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	41	6	's	's	PART
abrj-353	41	7	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	41	8	performance	performance	NOUN
abrj-353	41	9	from	from	ADP
abrj-353	41	10	2008	2008	NUM
abrj-353	41	11	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	41	12	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	41	13	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	41	14	leveraging	leverage	VERB
abrj-353	41	15	annual	annual	ADJ
abrj-353	41	16	data	datum	NOUN
abrj-353	41	17	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	41	18	foreign	foreign	ADJ
abrj-353	41	19	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	41	20	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	41	21	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	41	22	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	41	23	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	41	24	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	41	25	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	41	26	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	41	27	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	41	28	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	41	29	corruption	corruption	NOUN
abrj-353	41	30	indices	index	NOUN
abrj-353	41	31	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	42	1	it	it	PRON
abrj-353	42	2	examines	examine	VERB
abrj-353	42	3	the	the	DET
abrj-353	42	4	dynamic	dynamic	ADJ
abrj-353	42	5	interactions	interaction	NOUN
abrj-353	42	6	between	between	ADP
abrj-353	42	7	these	these	DET
abrj-353	42	8	variables	variable	NOUN
abrj-353	42	9	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	42	10	their	their	PRON
abrj-353	42	11	combined	combine	VERB
abrj-353	42	12	influence	influence	NOUN
abrj-353	42	13	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	42	14	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	42	15	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	42	16	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	43	1	given	give	VERB
abrj-353	43	2	nigeria	nigeria	PRON
abrj-353	43	3	’s	’s	PART
abrj-353	43	4	growing	grow	VERB
abrj-353	43	5	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	43	6	challenges	challenge	NOUN
abrj-353	43	7	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	43	8	this	this	DET
abrj-353	43	9	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	43	10	is	be	AUX
abrj-353	43	11	timely	timely	ADJ
abrj-353	43	12	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	43	13	significant	significant	ADJ
abrj-353	43	14	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	44	1	understanding	understand	VERB
abrj-353	44	2	the	the	DET
abrj-353	44	3	determinants	determinant	NOUN
abrj-353	44	4	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	44	5	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	44	6	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	44	7	provides	provide	VERB
abrj-353	44	8	valuable	valuable	ADJ
abrj-353	44	9	insights	insight	NOUN
abrj-353	44	10	for	for	SCONJ
abrj-353	44	11	policymakers	policymaker	NOUN
abrj-353	44	12	to	to	PART
abrj-353	44	13	design	design	VERB
abrj-353	44	14	targeted	target	VERB
abrj-353	44	15	interventions	intervention	NOUN
abrj-353	44	16	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	45	1	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	45	2	incorporating	incorporate	VERB
abrj-353	45	3	corruption	corruption	NOUN
abrj-353	45	4	as	as	ADP
abrj-353	45	5	a	a	DET
abrj-353	45	6	control	control	NOUN
abrj-353	45	7	variable	variable	NOUN
abrj-353	45	8	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	45	9	the	the	DET
abrj-353	45	10	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	45	11	highlights	highlight	VERB
abrj-353	45	12	the	the	DET
abrj-353	45	13	importance	importance	NOUN
abrj-353	45	14	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	45	15	institutional	institutional	ADJ
abrj-353	45	16	quality	quality	NOUN
abrj-353	45	17	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	45	18	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	45	19	management	management	NOUN
abrj-353	45	20	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	46	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
abrj-353	46	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	46	3	the	the	DET
abrj-353	46	4	findings	finding	NOUN
abrj-353	46	5	will	will	AUX
abrj-353	46	6	contribute	contribute	VERB
abrj-353	46	7	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	46	8	existing	exist	VERB
abrj-353	46	9	literature	literature	NOUN
abrj-353	46	10	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	46	11	offering	offer	VERB
abrj-353	46	12	a	a	DET
abrj-353	46	13	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
abrj-353	46	14	analysis	analysis	NOUN
abrj-353	46	15	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	46	16	macroeconomic	macroeconomic	ADJ
abrj-353	46	17	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	46	18	institutional	institutional	ADJ
abrj-353	46	19	factors	factor	NOUN
abrj-353	46	20	influencing	influence	VERB
abrj-353	46	21	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	46	22	’s	’s	PART
abrj-353	46	23	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	46	24	performance	performance	NOUN
abrj-353	46	25	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	46	26	thereby	thereby	ADV
abrj-353	46	27	guiding	guide	VERB
abrj-353	46	28	future	future	ADJ
abrj-353	46	29	policy	policy	NOUN
abrj-353	46	30	decisions	decision	NOUN
abrj-353	46	31	to	to	PART
abrj-353	46	32	enhance	enhance	VERB
abrj-353	46	33	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	46	34	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
abrj-353	46	35	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	47	1	2	2	X
abrj-353	47	2	.	.	X
abrj-353	47	3	a	a	DET
abrj-353	47	4	review	review	NOUN
abrj-353	47	5	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	47	6	extant	extant	ADJ
abrj-353	47	7	literature	literature	NOUN
abrj-353	47	8	this	this	DET
abrj-353	47	9	section	section	NOUN
abrj-353	47	10	extensively	extensively	ADV
abrj-353	47	11	examines	examine	VERB
abrj-353	47	12	the	the	DET
abrj-353	47	13	theories	theory	NOUN
abrj-353	47	14	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	47	15	empirical	empirical	ADJ
abrj-353	47	16	studies	study	NOUN
abrj-353	47	17	that	that	PRON
abrj-353	47	18	explain	explain	VERB
abrj-353	47	19	the	the	DET
abrj-353	47	20	concept	concept	NOUN
abrj-353	47	21	related	relate	VERB
abrj-353	47	22	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	47	23	the	the	DET
abrj-353	47	24	determinants	determinant	NOUN
abrj-353	47	25	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	47	26	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	47	27	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	47	28	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	47	29	debt	debt	NOUN
abrj-353	47	30	servicing	servicing	NOUN
abrj-353	47	31	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	48	1	2.1	2.1	NUM
abrj-353	48	2	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	49	1	conceptual	conceptual	ADJ
abrj-353	49	2	review	review	PROPN
abrj-353	49	3	2.1.1	2.1.1	NUM
abrj-353	49	4	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	50	1	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	50	2	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	50	3	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	50	4	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	50	5	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	50	6	the	the	DET
abrj-353	50	7	view	view	NOUN
abrj-353	50	8	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	50	9	alabi	alabi	NOUN
abrj-353	50	10	et	et	PROPN
abrj-353	50	11	al	al	PROPN
abrj-353	50	12	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	51	1	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	51	2	2024	2024	NUM
abrj-353	51	3	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	51	4	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	51	5	involve	involve	VERB
abrj-353	51	6	the	the	DET
abrj-353	51	7	detailed	detailed	ADJ
abrj-353	51	8	approach	approach	NOUN
abrj-353	51	9	or	or	CCONJ
abrj-353	51	10	procedural	procedural	ADJ
abrj-353	51	11	steps	step	NOUN
abrj-353	51	12	undertaken	undertake	VERB
abrj-353	51	13	to	to	PART
abrj-353	51	14	ensure	ensure	VERB
abrj-353	51	15	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	51	16	a	a	DET
abrj-353	51	17	planned	plan	VERB
abrj-353	51	18	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	51	19	is	be	AUX
abrj-353	51	20	well	well	ADV
abrj-353	51	21	executed	execute	VERB
abrj-353	51	22	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	52	1	this	this	PRON
abrj-353	52	2	involves	involve	VERB
abrj-353	52	3	key	key	ADJ
abrj-353	52	4	activities	activity	NOUN
abrj-353	52	5	such	such	ADJ
abrj-353	52	6	as	as	ADP
abrj-353	52	7	revenue	revenue	NOUN
abrj-353	52	8	mobilization	mobilization	NOUN
abrj-353	52	9	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	52	10	efficient	efficient	ADJ
abrj-353	52	11	expenditure	expenditure	NOUN
abrj-353	52	12	management	management	NOUN
abrj-353	52	13	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	52	14	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	52	15	monitoring	monitor	VERB
abrj-353	52	16	to	to	PART
abrj-353	52	17	ensure	ensure	VERB
abrj-353	52	18	compliance	compliance	NOUN
abrj-353	52	19	with	with	ADP
abrj-353	52	20	budgetary	budgetary	ADJ
abrj-353	52	21	goals	goal	NOUN
abrj-353	52	22	while	while	SCONJ
abrj-353	52	23	making	make	VERB
abrj-353	52	24	necessary	necessary	ADJ
abrj-353	52	25	adjustments	adjustment	NOUN
abrj-353	52	26	to	to	PART
abrj-353	52	27	address	address	VERB
abrj-353	52	28	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	52	29	changes	change	NOUN
abrj-353	52	30	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	53	1	effective	effective	ADJ
abrj-353	53	2	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	53	3	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	53	4	depends	depend	VERB
abrj-353	53	5	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	53	6	institutional	institutional	ADJ
abrj-353	53	7	capacity	capacity	NOUN
abrj-353	53	8	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	53	9	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	53	10	discipline	discipline	NOUN
abrj-353	53	11	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	53	12	macroeconomic	macroeconomic	ADJ
abrj-353	53	13	stability	stability	NOUN
abrj-353	53	14	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	53	15	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	53	16	governance	governance	NOUN
abrj-353	53	17	quality	quality	NOUN
abrj-353	53	18	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	53	19	which	which	PRON
abrj-353	53	20	help	help	VERB
abrj-353	53	21	align	align	VERB
abrj-353	53	22	spending	spending	NOUN
abrj-353	53	23	with	with	ADP
abrj-353	53	24	developmental	developmental	ADJ
abrj-353	53	25	priorities	priority	NOUN
abrj-353	53	26	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	53	27	schick	schick	NOUN
abrj-353	53	28	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	53	29	2022	2022	NUM
abrj-353	53	30	;	;	PUNCT
abrj-353	53	31	imf	imf	PROPN
abrj-353	53	32	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	53	33	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	53	34	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	53	35	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	54	1	however	however	ADV
abrj-353	54	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	54	3	efficient	efficient	ADJ
abrj-353	54	4	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	54	5	execution	execution	NOUN
abrj-353	54	6	fosters	foster	VERB
abrj-353	54	7	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	54	8	growth	growth	NOUN
abrj-353	54	9	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	54	10	directing	direct	VERB
abrj-353	54	11	public	public	ADJ
abrj-353	54	12	funds	fund	NOUN
abrj-353	54	13	into	into	ADP
abrj-353	54	14	productive	productive	ADJ
abrj-353	54	15	sectors	sector	NOUN
abrj-353	54	16	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	54	17	reducing	reduce	VERB
abrj-353	54	18	unemployment	unemployment	NOUN
abrj-353	54	19	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	54	20	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	54	21	preventing	prevent	VERB
abrj-353	54	22	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	54	23	deficits	deficit	NOUN
abrj-353	54	24	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	54	25	okonjo	okonjo	NOUN
abrj-353	54	26	et	et	PROPN
abrj-353	54	27	al	al	PROPN
abrj-353	54	28	.	.	PROPN
abrj-353	54	29	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	54	30	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	54	31	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	54	32	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	55	1	it	it	PRON
abrj-353	55	2	also	also	ADV
abrj-353	55	3	enhances	enhance	VERB
abrj-353	55	4	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	55	5	discipline	discipline	NOUN
abrj-353	55	6	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	55	7	minimizing	minimize	VERB
abrj-353	55	8	overrun	overrun	NOUN
abrj-353	55	9	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	55	10	thereby	thereby	ADV
abrj-353	55	11	strengthening	strengthen	VERB
abrj-353	55	12	accountability	accountability	NOUN
abrj-353	55	13	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	55	14	resource	resource	NOUN
abrj-353	55	15	management	management	NOUN
abrj-353	55	16	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	56	1	transparent	transparent	ADJ
abrj-353	56	2	execution	execution	NOUN
abrj-353	56	3	builds	build	VERB
abrj-353	56	4	public	public	ADJ
abrj-353	56	5	trust	trust	NOUN
abrj-353	56	6	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	56	7	government	government	NOUN
abrj-353	56	8	institutions	institution	NOUN
abrj-353	56	9	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	56	10	while	while	SCONJ
abrj-353	56	11	poor	poor	ADJ
abrj-353	56	12	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	56	13	fosters	foster	VERB
abrj-353	56	14	corruption	corruption	NOUN
abrj-353	56	15	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	56	16	weakens	weaken	VERB
abrj-353	56	17	governance	governance	NOUN
abrj-353	56	18	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	56	19	world	world	PROPN
abrj-353	56	20	bank	bank	PROPN
abrj-353	56	21	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	56	22	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	56	23	;	;	PUNCT
abrj-353	56	24	transparency	transparency	NOUN
abrj-353	56	25	international	international	NOUN
abrj-353	56	26	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	56	27	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	56	28	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	56	29	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	57	1	recent	recent	ADJ
abrj-353	57	2	studies	study	NOUN
abrj-353	57	3	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	57	4	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	57	5	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	57	6	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	57	7	developing	develop	VERB
abrj-353	57	8	nations	nation	NOUN
abrj-353	57	9	highlight	highlight	VERB
abrj-353	57	10	challenges	challenge	NOUN
abrj-353	57	11	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	57	12	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
abrj-353	57	13	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	57	14	improving	improve	VERB
abrj-353	57	15	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	57	16	performance	performance	NOUN
abrj-353	57	17	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	58	1	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	58	2	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	58	3	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	58	4	okeke	okeke	ADJ
abrj-353	58	5	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	58	6	adewuyi	adewuyi	PROPN
abrj-353	58	7	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	58	8	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	58	9	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	58	10	found	find	VERB
abrj-353	58	11	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	58	12	only	only	ADV
abrj-353	58	13	60	60	NUM
abrj-353	58	14	%	%	NOUN
abrj-353	58	15	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	58	16	approved	approve	VERB
abrj-353	58	17	capital	capital	NOUN
abrj-353	58	18	expenditures	expenditure	NOUN
abrj-353	58	19	between	between	ADP
abrj-353	58	20	2015	2015	NUM
abrj-353	58	21	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	58	22	2022	2022	NUM
abrj-353	58	23	were	be	AUX
abrj-353	58	24	executed	execute	VERB
abrj-353	58	25	due	due	ADP
abrj-353	58	26	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	58	27	revenue	revenue	NOUN
abrj-353	58	28	shortfalls	shortfall	NOUN
abrj-353	58	29	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	58	30	bureaucratic	bureaucratic	ADJ
abrj-353	58	31	inefficiencies	inefficiency	NOUN
abrj-353	58	32	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	58	33	underscoring	underscore	VERB
abrj-353	58	34	the	the	DET
abrj-353	58	35	need	need	NOUN
abrj-353	58	36	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	58	37	stronger	strong	ADJ
abrj-353	58	38	institutional	institutional	ADJ
abrj-353	58	39	capacity	capacity	NOUN
abrj-353	58	40	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	59	1	transparency	transparency	NOUN
abrj-353	59	2	international	international	ADJ
abrj-353	59	3	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	59	4	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	59	5	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	59	6	further	far	ADV
abrj-353	59	7	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
abrj-353	59	8	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	59	9	nations	nation	NOUN
abrj-353	59	10	with	with	ADP
abrj-353	59	11	lower	low	ADJ
abrj-353	59	12	corruption	corruption	NOUN
abrj-353	59	13	indices	index	NOUN
abrj-353	59	14	achieve	achieve	VERB
abrj-353	59	15	significantly	significantly	ADV
abrj-353	59	16	higher	high	ADJ
abrj-353	59	17	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	59	18	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	59	19	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	59	20	reinforcing	reinforce	VERB
abrj-353	59	21	the	the	DET
abrj-353	59	22	detrimental	detrimental	ADJ
abrj-353	59	23	impact	impact	NOUN
abrj-353	59	24	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	59	25	corruption	corruption	NOUN
abrj-353	59	26	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	59	27	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	59	28	performance	performance	NOUN
abrj-353	59	29	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	60	1	conversely	conversely	ADV
abrj-353	60	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	60	3	kenya	kenya	PROPN
abrj-353	60	4	’s	’s	PART
abrj-353	60	5	adoption	adoption	NOUN
abrj-353	60	6	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	60	7	digital	digital	ADJ
abrj-353	60	8	tools	tool	NOUN
abrj-353	60	9	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	60	10	enhanced	enhance	VERB
abrj-353	60	11	monitoring	monitoring	NOUN
abrj-353	60	12	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
abrj-353	60	13	increased	increase	VERB
abrj-353	60	14	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	60	15	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	60	16	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	60	17	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	60	18	25	25	NUM
abrj-353	60	19	%	%	NOUN
abrj-353	60	20	over	over	ADP
abrj-353	60	21	five	five	NUM
abrj-353	60	22	years	year	NOUN
abrj-353	60	23	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	60	24	showcasing	showcase	VERB
abrj-353	60	25	the	the	DET
abrj-353	60	26	transformative	transformative	ADJ
abrj-353	60	27	role	role	NOUN
abrj-353	60	28	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	60	29	technology	technology	NOUN
abrj-353	60	30	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	60	31	mwangi	mwangi	PROPN
abrj-353	60	32	et	et	PROPN
abrj-353	60	33	al	al	PROPN
abrj-353	60	34	.	.	PROPN
abrj-353	60	35	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	60	36	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	60	37	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	60	38	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	61	1	an	an	DET
abrj-353	61	2	imf	imf	PROPN
abrj-353	61	3	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	61	4	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	61	5	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	61	6	analysis	analysis	NOUN
abrj-353	61	7	linked	link	VERB
abrj-353	61	8	higher	high	ADJ
abrj-353	61	9	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	61	10	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	61	11	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	61	12	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	61	13	stronger	strong	ADJ
abrj-353	61	14	gdp	gdp	NOUN
abrj-353	61	15	growth	growth	NOUN
abrj-353	61	16	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	61	17	as	as	SCONJ
abrj-353	61	18	efficient	efficient	ADJ
abrj-353	61	19	spending	spending	NOUN
abrj-353	61	20	supports	support	VERB
abrj-353	61	21	timely	timely	ADJ
abrj-353	61	22	investments	investment	NOUN
abrj-353	61	23	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	61	24	critical	critical	ADJ
abrj-353	61	25	sectors	sector	NOUN
abrj-353	61	26	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	62	1	meanwhile	meanwhile	ADV
abrj-353	62	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	62	3	the	the	DET
abrj-353	62	4	world	world	PROPN
abrj-353	62	5	bank	bank	PROPN
abrj-353	62	6	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	62	7	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	62	8	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	62	9	identified	identify	VERB
abrj-353	62	10	wage	wage	NOUN
abrj-353	62	11	bill	bill	NOUN
abrj-353	62	12	pressures	pressure	NOUN
abrj-353	62	13	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	62	14	resource	resource	NOUN
abrj-353	62	15	misallocation	misallocation	NOUN
abrj-353	62	16	as	as	ADP
abrj-353	62	17	major	major	ADJ
abrj-353	62	18	obstacles	obstacle	NOUN
abrj-353	62	19	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	62	20	south	south	PROPN
abrj-353	62	21	africa	africa	PROPN
abrj-353	62	22	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	62	23	recommending	recommend	VERB
abrj-353	62	24	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	62	25	discipline	discipline	NOUN
abrj-353	62	26	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	62	27	strategic	strategic	ADJ
abrj-353	62	28	reallocations	reallocation	NOUN
abrj-353	62	29	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	63	1	these	these	DET
abrj-353	63	2	studies	study	NOUN
abrj-353	63	3	collectively	collectively	ADV
abrj-353	63	4	emphasize	emphasize	VERB
abrj-353	63	5	the	the	DET
abrj-353	63	6	importance	importance	NOUN
abrj-353	63	7	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	63	8	governance	governance	NOUN
abrj-353	63	9	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	63	10	technology	technology	NOUN
abrj-353	63	11	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	63	12	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	63	13	institutional	institutional	ADJ
abrj-353	63	14	reforms	reform	NOUN
abrj-353	63	15	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	63	16	achieving	achieve	VERB
abrj-353	63	17	effective	effective	ADJ
abrj-353	63	18	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	63	19	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	63	20	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	63	21	fostering	foster	VERB
abrj-353	63	22	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	63	23	growth	growth	NOUN
abrj-353	63	24	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	64	1	2.1.2	2.1.2	X
abrj-353	64	2	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	64	3	foreign	foreign	ADJ
abrj-353	64	4	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	64	5	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	64	6	kwan	kwan	PROPN
abrj-353	64	7	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	64	8	kanda	kanda	PROPN
abrj-353	64	9	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	64	10	2024	2024	NUM
abrj-353	64	11	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	64	12	describe	describe	VERB
abrj-353	64	13	foreign	foreign	ADJ
abrj-353	64	14	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	64	15	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	64	16	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	64	17	fx	fx	NOUN
abrj-353	64	18	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	64	19	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	64	20	as	as	ADP
abrj-353	64	21	the	the	DET
abrj-353	64	22	value	value	NOUN
abrj-353	64	23	at	at	ADP
abrj-353	64	24	which	which	PRON
abrj-353	64	25	one	one	NUM
abrj-353	64	26	currency	currency	NOUN
abrj-353	64	27	can	can	AUX
abrj-353	64	28	be	be	AUX
abrj-353	64	29	exchanged	exchange	VERB
abrj-353	64	30	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	64	31	another	another	PRON
abrj-353	64	32	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	64	33	plays	play	VERB
abrj-353	64	34	a	a	DET
abrj-353	64	35	crucial	crucial	ADJ
abrj-353	64	36	role	role	NOUN
abrj-353	64	37	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	64	38	international	international	ADJ
abrj-353	64	39	trade	trade	NOUN
abrj-353	64	40	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	64	41	investment	investment	NOUN
abrj-353	64	42	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	64	43	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	64	44	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	64	45	policy	policy	NOUN
abrj-353	64	46	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	65	1	it	it	PRON
abrj-353	65	2	is	be	AUX
abrj-353	65	3	influenced	influence	VERB
abrj-353	65	4	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	65	5	multiple	multiple	ADJ
abrj-353	65	6	factors	factor	NOUN
abrj-353	65	7	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	65	8	including	include	VERB
abrj-353	65	9	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	65	10	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	65	11	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	65	12	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	65	13	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	65	14	political	political	ADJ
abrj-353	65	15	stability	stability	NOUN
abrj-353	65	16	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	65	17	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	65	18	market	market	NOUN
abrj-353	65	19	speculation	speculation	NOUN
abrj-353	65	20	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	65	21	obi	obi	PROPN
abrj-353	65	22	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	65	23	2020	2020	NUM
abrj-353	65	24	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	65	25	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	66	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	66	2	fx	fx	PROPN
abrj-353	66	3	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	66	4	has	have	VERB
abrj-353	66	5	significant	significant	ADJ
abrj-353	66	6	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	66	7	implications	implication	NOUN
abrj-353	66	8	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	66	9	as	as	SCONJ
abrj-353	66	10	a	a	DET
abrj-353	66	11	depreciating	depreciate	VERB
abrj-353	66	12	currency	currency	NOUN
abrj-353	66	13	can	can	AUX
abrj-353	66	14	make	make	VERB
abrj-353	66	15	exports	export	NOUN
abrj-353	66	16	cheaper	cheap	ADJ
abrj-353	66	17	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	66	18	imports	import	VERB
abrj-353	66	19	more	more	ADV
abrj-353	66	20	expensive	expensive	ADJ
abrj-353	66	21	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	66	22	potentially	potentially	ADV
abrj-353	66	23	improving	improve	VERB
abrj-353	66	24	the	the	DET
abrj-353	66	25	trade	trade	NOUN
abrj-353	66	26	balance	balance	NOUN
abrj-353	66	27	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	66	28	while	while	SCONJ
abrj-353	66	29	an	an	DET
abrj-353	66	30	appreciating	appreciate	VERB
abrj-353	66	31	currency	currency	NOUN
abrj-353	66	32	may	may	AUX
abrj-353	66	33	lead	lead	VERB
abrj-353	66	34	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	66	35	trade	trade	NOUN
abrj-353	66	36	deficits	deficit	NOUN
abrj-353	66	37	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	66	38	ahmed	ahmed	PROPN
abrj-353	66	39	et	et	PROPN
abrj-353	66	40	al	al	PROPN
abrj-353	66	41	.	.	PROPN
abrj-353	66	42	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	66	43	2024	2024	NUM
abrj-353	66	44	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	66	45	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	67	1	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	67	2	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	67	3	fluctuations	fluctuation	NOUN
abrj-353	67	4	also	also	ADV
abrj-353	67	5	impact	impact	VERB
abrj-353	67	6	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	67	7	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	67	8	with	with	ADP
abrj-353	67	9	weaker	weak	ADJ
abrj-353	67	10	currencies	currency	NOUN
abrj-353	67	11	raising	raise	VERB
abrj-353	67	12	import	import	NOUN
abrj-353	67	13	prices	price	NOUN
abrj-353	67	14	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	67	15	contributing	contribute	VERB
abrj-353	67	16	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	67	17	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	67	18	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	67	19	particularly	particularly	ADV
abrj-353	67	20	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	67	21	import	import	NOUN
abrj-353	67	22	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	67	23	dependent	dependent	ADJ
abrj-353	67	24	nations	nation	NOUN
abrj-353	67	25	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	68	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
abrj-353	68	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	68	3	currency	currency	NOUN
abrj-353	68	4	movements	movement	NOUN
abrj-353	68	5	affect	affect	VERB
abrj-353	68	6	capital	capital	NOUN
abrj-353	68	7	flows	flow	NOUN
abrj-353	68	8	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	68	9	as	as	SCONJ
abrj-353	68	10	investors	investor	NOUN
abrj-353	68	11	prefer	prefer	VERB
abrj-353	68	12	stable	stable	ADJ
abrj-353	68	13	environments	environment	NOUN
abrj-353	68	14	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	68	15	higher	high	ADJ
abrj-353	68	16	returns	return	NOUN
abrj-353	68	17	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	68	18	making	make	VERB
abrj-353	68	19	volatile	volatile	ADJ
abrj-353	68	20	currencies	currency	NOUN
abrj-353	68	21	less	less	ADV
abrj-353	68	22	attractive	attractive	ADJ
abrj-353	68	23	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	68	24	ubadike	ubadike	NOUN
abrj-353	68	25	et	et	PROPN
abrj-353	68	26	al	al	PROPN
abrj-353	68	27	.	.	PROPN
abrj-353	68	28	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	68	29	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	68	30	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	68	31	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	69	1	asian	asian	ADJ
abrj-353	69	2	business	business	PROPN
abrj-353	69	3	research	research	NOUN
abrj-353	69	4	journal	journal	NOUN
abrj-353	69	5	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	69	6	2025	2025	NUM
abrj-353	69	7	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	69	8	10(4	10(4	NUM
abrj-353	69	9	):	):	PUNCT
abrj-353	69	10	7	7	NUM
abrj-353	69	11	-	-	SYM
abrj-353	69	12	19	19	NUM
abrj-353	69	13	9	9	NUM
abrj-353	69	14	©	©	PROPN
abrj-353	69	15	2025	2025	NUM
abrj-353	69	16	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	69	17	the	the	DET
abrj-353	69	18	authors	author	NOUN
abrj-353	69	19	;	;	PUNCT
abrj-353	69	20	licensee	licensee	NOUN
abrj-353	69	21	eastern	eastern	ADJ
abrj-353	69	22	centre	centre	NOUN
abrj-353	69	23	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	69	24	science	science	NOUN
abrj-353	69	25	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	69	26	education	education	NOUN
abrj-353	69	27	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	69	28	usa	usa	PROPN
abrj-353	69	29	exchange	exchange	PROPN
abrj-353	69	30	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	69	31	fluctuations	fluctuation	NOUN
abrj-353	69	32	can	can	AUX
abrj-353	69	33	significantly	significantly	ADV
abrj-353	69	34	influence	influence	VERB
abrj-353	69	35	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	69	36	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	69	37	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	69	38	affecting	affect	VERB
abrj-353	69	39	revenue	revenue	NOUN
abrj-353	69	40	generation	generation	NOUN
abrj-353	69	41	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	69	42	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	69	43	expenditure	expenditure	NOUN
abrj-353	69	44	planning	planning	NOUN
abrj-353	69	45	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	70	1	when	when	SCONJ
abrj-353	70	2	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	70	3	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	70	4	volatility	volatility	NOUN
abrj-353	70	5	negatively	negatively	ADV
abrj-353	70	6	impacts	impact	VERB
abrj-353	70	7	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	70	8	growth	growth	NOUN
abrj-353	70	9	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	70	10	as	as	SCONJ
abrj-353	70	11	noted	note	VERB
abrj-353	70	12	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	70	13	bamidele	bamidele	PROPN
abrj-353	70	14	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	70	15	2024	2024	NUM
abrj-353	70	16	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	70	17	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	70	18	government	government	NOUN
abrj-353	70	19	revenues	revenue	NOUN
abrj-353	70	20	may	may	AUX
abrj-353	70	21	decline	decline	VERB
abrj-353	70	22	due	due	ADJ
abrj-353	70	23	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	70	24	reduced	reduce	VERB
abrj-353	70	25	business	business	NOUN
abrj-353	70	26	activity	activity	NOUN
abrj-353	70	27	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	70	28	lower	low	ADJ
abrj-353	70	29	tax	tax	NOUN
abrj-353	70	30	collection	collection	NOUN
abrj-353	70	31	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	70	32	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	70	33	unstable	unstable	ADJ
abrj-353	70	34	foreign	foreign	ADJ
abrj-353	70	35	investment	investment	NOUN
abrj-353	70	36	flows	flow	NOUN
abrj-353	70	37	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	71	1	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	71	2	commodity	commodity	NOUN
abrj-353	71	3	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	71	4	dependent	dependent	ADJ
abrj-353	71	5	economies	economy	NOUN
abrj-353	71	6	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	71	7	external	external	ADJ
abrj-353	71	8	shocks	shock	NOUN
abrj-353	71	9	from	from	ADP
abrj-353	71	10	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	71	11	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	71	12	instability	instability	NOUN
abrj-353	71	13	can	can	AUX
abrj-353	71	14	lead	lead	VERB
abrj-353	71	15	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	71	16	unpredictable	unpredictable	ADJ
abrj-353	71	17	revenue	revenue	NOUN
abrj-353	71	18	streams	stream	NOUN
abrj-353	71	19	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	71	20	making	make	VERB
abrj-353	71	21	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	71	22	planning	planning	NOUN
abrj-353	71	23	more	more	ADV
abrj-353	71	24	challenging	challenging	ADJ
abrj-353	71	25	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	72	1	as	as	SCONJ
abrj-353	72	2	opined	opine	VERB
abrj-353	72	3	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	72	4	alabi	alabi	NOUN
abrj-353	72	5	et	et	PROPN
abrj-353	72	6	al	al	PROPN
abrj-353	72	7	.	.	PROPN
abrj-353	73	1	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	73	2	2025	2025	NUM
abrj-353	73	3	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	73	4	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	73	5	an	an	DET
abrj-353	73	6	increase	increase	NOUN
abrj-353	73	7	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	73	8	the	the	DET
abrj-353	73	9	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	73	10	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	73	11	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	73	12	us	us	PROPN
abrj-353	73	13	dollar	dollar	NOUN
abrj-353	73	14	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	73	15	the	the	DET
abrj-353	73	16	nigerian	nigerian	ADJ
abrj-353	73	17	naira	naira	PROPN
abrj-353	73	18	implies	imply	VERB
abrj-353	73	19	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	73	20	the	the	DET
abrj-353	73	21	naira	naira	NOUN
abrj-353	73	22	has	have	AUX
abrj-353	73	23	been	be	AUX
abrj-353	73	24	devalued	devalue	VERB
abrj-353	73	25	consequent	consequent	ADJ
abrj-353	73	26	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	73	27	the	the	DET
abrj-353	73	28	increase	increase	NOUN
abrj-353	73	29	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	73	30	the	the	DET
abrj-353	73	31	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	73	32	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	73	33	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	73	34	thereby	thereby	ADV
abrj-353	73	35	reducing	reduce	VERB
abrj-353	73	36	the	the	DET
abrj-353	73	37	purchasing	purchase	VERB
abrj-353	73	38	power	power	NOUN
abrj-353	73	39	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	73	40	the	the	DET
abrj-353	73	41	nigerian	nigerian	ADJ
abrj-353	73	42	naira	naira	PROPN
abrj-353	73	43	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	74	1	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	74	2	view	view	NOUN
abrj-353	74	3	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	74	4	this	this	PRON
abrj-353	74	5	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	74	6	afolabi	afolabi	NOUN
abrj-353	74	7	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	74	8	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	74	9	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	74	10	highlight	highlight	VERB
abrj-353	74	11	that	that	PRON
abrj-353	74	12	currency	currency	NOUN
abrj-353	74	13	devaluation	devaluation	NOUN
abrj-353	74	14	can	can	AUX
abrj-353	74	15	trigger	trigger	VERB
abrj-353	74	16	inflationary	inflationary	ADJ
abrj-353	74	17	pressures	pressure	NOUN
abrj-353	74	18	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	74	19	which	which	PRON
abrj-353	74	20	increase	increase	VERB
abrj-353	74	21	the	the	DET
abrj-353	74	22	cost	cost	NOUN
abrj-353	74	23	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	74	24	public	public	ADJ
abrj-353	74	25	sector	sector	NOUN
abrj-353	74	26	expenditures	expenditure	NOUN
abrj-353	74	27	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	74	28	including	include	VERB
abrj-353	74	29	wages	wage	NOUN
abrj-353	74	30	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	74	31	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
abrj-353	74	32	projects	project	NOUN
abrj-353	74	33	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	74	34	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	74	35	social	social	ADJ
abrj-353	74	36	programs	program	NOUN
abrj-353	74	37	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	75	1	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	75	2	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	75	3	driven	drive	VERB
abrj-353	75	4	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	75	5	overruns	overrun	NOUN
abrj-353	75	6	can	can	AUX
abrj-353	75	7	force	force	VERB
abrj-353	75	8	governments	government	NOUN
abrj-353	75	9	to	to	AUX
abrj-353	75	10	either	either	CCONJ
abrj-353	75	11	cut	cut	VERB
abrj-353	75	12	essential	essential	ADJ
abrj-353	75	13	services	service	NOUN
abrj-353	75	14	or	or	CCONJ
abrj-353	75	15	seek	seek	VERB
abrj-353	75	16	additional	additional	ADJ
abrj-353	75	17	financing	financing	NOUN
abrj-353	75	18	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	75	19	potentially	potentially	ADV
abrj-353	75	20	leading	lead	VERB
abrj-353	75	21	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	75	22	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	75	23	deficits	deficit	NOUN
abrj-353	75	24	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	76	1	2.1.3	2.1.3	X
abrj-353	76	2	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	77	1	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	77	2	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	77	3	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	77	4	represents	represent	VERB
abrj-353	77	5	a	a	DET
abrj-353	77	6	sustained	sustained	ADJ
abrj-353	77	7	increase	increase	NOUN
abrj-353	77	8	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	77	9	the	the	DET
abrj-353	77	10	overall	overall	ADJ
abrj-353	77	11	price	price	NOUN
abrj-353	77	12	level	level	NOUN
abrj-353	77	13	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	77	14	goods	good	NOUN
abrj-353	77	15	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	77	16	services	service	NOUN
abrj-353	77	17	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	77	18	an	an	DET
abrj-353	77	19	economy	economy	NOUN
abrj-353	77	20	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	77	21	resulting	result	VERB
abrj-353	77	22	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	77	23	diminished	diminished	ADJ
abrj-353	77	24	purchasing	purchasing	NOUN
abrj-353	77	25	power	power	NOUN
abrj-353	77	26	as	as	SCONJ
abrj-353	77	27	consumers	consumer	NOUN
abrj-353	77	28	can	can	AUX
abrj-353	77	29	buy	buy	VERB
abrj-353	77	30	less	less	ADJ
abrj-353	77	31	with	with	ADP
abrj-353	77	32	the	the	DET
abrj-353	77	33	same	same	ADJ
abrj-353	77	34	amount	amount	NOUN
abrj-353	77	35	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	77	36	money	money	NOUN
abrj-353	77	37	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	77	38	ana	ana	PROPN
abrj-353	77	39	et	et	PROPN
abrj-353	77	40	al	al	PROPN
abrj-353	77	41	.	.	PROPN
abrj-353	77	42	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	77	43	2024	2024	NUM
abrj-353	77	44	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	77	45	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	78	1	this	this	PRON
abrj-353	78	2	implies	imply	VERB
abrj-353	78	3	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	78	4	governments	government	NOUN
abrj-353	78	5	may	may	AUX
abrj-353	78	6	struggle	struggle	VERB
abrj-353	78	7	to	to	PART
abrj-353	78	8	finance	finance	VERB
abrj-353	78	9	planned	plan	VERB
abrj-353	78	10	projects	project	NOUN
abrj-353	78	11	as	as	SCONJ
abrj-353	78	12	the	the	DET
abrj-353	78	13	actual	actual	ADJ
abrj-353	78	14	cost	cost	NOUN
abrj-353	78	15	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	78	16	goods	good	NOUN
abrj-353	78	17	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	78	18	services	service	NOUN
abrj-353	78	19	rises	rise	VERB
abrj-353	78	20	beyond	beyond	ADP
abrj-353	78	21	initial	initial	ADJ
abrj-353	78	22	estimates	estimate	NOUN
abrj-353	78	23	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	79	1	typically	typically	ADV
abrj-353	79	2	measured	measure	VERB
abrj-353	79	3	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	79	4	indices	index	NOUN
abrj-353	79	5	like	like	ADP
abrj-353	79	6	the	the	DET
abrj-353	79	7	consumer	consumer	NOUN
abrj-353	79	8	price	price	NOUN
abrj-353	79	9	index	index	NOUN
abrj-353	79	10	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	79	11	cpi	cpi	PROPN
abrj-353	79	12	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	79	13	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	79	14	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	79	15	impacts	impact	VERB
abrj-353	79	16	multiple	multiple	ADJ
abrj-353	79	17	facets	facet	NOUN
abrj-353	79	18	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	79	19	the	the	DET
abrj-353	79	20	economy	economy	NOUN
abrj-353	79	21	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	79	22	ha	ha	INTJ
abrj-353	79	23	et	et	PROPN
abrj-353	79	24	al	al	PROPN
abrj-353	79	25	.	.	PROPN
abrj-353	79	26	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	79	27	2024	2024	NUM
abrj-353	79	28	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	79	29	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	80	1	it	it	PRON
abrj-353	80	2	erodes	erode	VERB
abrj-353	80	3	purchasing	purchasing	NOUN
abrj-353	80	4	power	power	NOUN
abrj-353	80	5	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	80	6	particularly	particularly	ADV
abrj-353	80	7	affecting	affect	VERB
abrj-353	80	8	low	low	ADJ
abrj-353	80	9	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	80	10	income	income	NOUN
abrj-353	80	11	households	household	NOUN
abrj-353	80	12	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	80	13	reduces	reduce	VERB
abrj-353	80	14	the	the	DET
abrj-353	80	15	real	real	ADJ
abrj-353	80	16	returns	return	NOUN
abrj-353	80	17	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	80	18	savings	saving	NOUN
abrj-353	80	19	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	80	20	fixed	fix	VERB
abrj-353	80	21	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	80	22	income	income	NOUN
abrj-353	80	23	investments	investment	NOUN
abrj-353	80	24	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	81	1	businesses	business	NOUN
abrj-353	81	2	face	face	VERB
abrj-353	81	3	challenges	challenge	NOUN
abrj-353	81	4	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	81	5	long	long	ADJ
abrj-353	81	6	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	81	7	term	term	NOUN
abrj-353	81	8	planning	planning	NOUN
abrj-353	81	9	due	due	ADP
abrj-353	81	10	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	81	11	cost	cost	NOUN
abrj-353	81	12	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	81	13	pricing	pricing	NOUN
abrj-353	81	14	uncertainties	uncertainty	NOUN
abrj-353	81	15	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	81	16	while	while	SCONJ
abrj-353	81	17	fixed	fix	VERB
abrj-353	81	18	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	81	19	income	income	NOUN
abrj-353	81	20	earners	earner	NOUN
abrj-353	81	21	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	81	22	such	such	ADJ
abrj-353	81	23	as	as	ADP
abrj-353	81	24	retirees	retiree	NOUN
abrj-353	81	25	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	81	26	bear	bear	VERB
abrj-353	81	27	the	the	DET
abrj-353	81	28	brunt	brunt	NOUN
abrj-353	81	29	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	81	30	income	income	NOUN
abrj-353	81	31	redistribution	redistribution	NOUN
abrj-353	81	32	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	82	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
abrj-353	82	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	82	3	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	82	4	can	can	AUX
abrj-353	82	5	spark	spark	VERB
abrj-353	82	6	a	a	DET
abrj-353	82	7	wage	wage	NOUN
abrj-353	82	8	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	82	9	price	price	NOUN
abrj-353	82	10	spiral	spiral	NOUN
abrj-353	82	11	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	82	12	where	where	SCONJ
abrj-353	82	13	rising	rise	VERB
abrj-353	82	14	wages	wage	NOUN
abrj-353	82	15	lead	lead	VERB
abrj-353	82	16	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	82	17	higher	high	ADJ
abrj-353	82	18	production	production	NOUN
abrj-353	82	19	costs	cost	NOUN
abrj-353	82	20	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	82	21	perpetuating	perpetuate	VERB
abrj-353	82	22	further	further	ADJ
abrj-353	82	23	price	price	NOUN
abrj-353	82	24	increases	increase	NOUN
abrj-353	82	25	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	83	1	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	83	2	governments	government	NOUN
abrj-353	83	3	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	83	4	this	this	PRON
abrj-353	83	5	creates	create	VERB
abrj-353	83	6	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	83	7	instability	instability	NOUN
abrj-353	83	8	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	83	9	as	as	SCONJ
abrj-353	83	10	revenue	revenue	NOUN
abrj-353	83	11	projections	projection	NOUN
abrj-353	83	12	may	may	AUX
abrj-353	83	13	fall	fall	VERB
abrj-353	83	14	short	short	ADV
abrj-353	83	15	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	83	16	real	real	ADJ
abrj-353	83	17	terms	term	NOUN
abrj-353	83	18	while	while	SCONJ
abrj-353	83	19	expenditure	expenditure	NOUN
abrj-353	83	20	requirements	requirement	NOUN
abrj-353	83	21	increase	increase	VERB
abrj-353	83	22	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	84	1	fixed	fix	VERB
abrj-353	84	2	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	84	3	income	income	NOUN
abrj-353	84	4	earners	earner	NOUN
abrj-353	84	5	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	84	6	such	such	ADJ
abrj-353	84	7	as	as	ADP
abrj-353	84	8	public	public	ADJ
abrj-353	84	9	sector	sector	NOUN
abrj-353	84	10	workers	worker	NOUN
abrj-353	84	11	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	84	12	pensioners	pensioner	NOUN
abrj-353	84	13	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	84	14	face	face	VERB
abrj-353	84	15	declining	decline	VERB
abrj-353	84	16	purchasing	purchasing	NOUN
abrj-353	84	17	power	power	NOUN
abrj-353	84	18	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	84	19	leading	lead	VERB
abrj-353	84	20	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	84	21	pressures	pressure	NOUN
abrj-353	84	22	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	84	23	wage	wage	NOUN
abrj-353	84	24	adjustments	adjustment	NOUN
abrj-353	84	25	that	that	PRON
abrj-353	84	26	further	far	ADV
abrj-353	84	27	strain	strain	VERB
abrj-353	84	28	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	84	29	sustainability	sustainability	NOUN
abrj-353	84	30	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	85	1	bill	bill	NOUN
abrj-353	85	2	et	et	PROPN
abrj-353	85	3	al	al	PROPN
abrj-353	85	4	.	.	PROPN
abrj-353	85	5	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	85	6	2024	2024	NUM
abrj-353	85	7	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	85	8	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	85	9	jongrim	jongrim	VERB
abrj-353	85	10	et	et	PROPN
abrj-353	85	11	al	al	PROPN
abrj-353	85	12	.	.	PROPN
abrj-353	86	1	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	86	2	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	86	3	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	86	4	explained	explain	VERB
abrj-353	86	5	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	86	6	between	between	ADP
abrj-353	86	7	2021	2021	NUM
abrj-353	86	8	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	86	9	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	86	10	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	86	11	the	the	DET
abrj-353	86	12	global	global	ADJ
abrj-353	86	13	economy	economy	NOUN
abrj-353	86	14	experienced	experience	VERB
abrj-353	86	15	an	an	DET
abrj-353	86	16	unprecedented	unprecedented	ADJ
abrj-353	86	17	surge	surge	NOUN
abrj-353	86	18	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	86	19	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	86	20	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	86	21	driven	drive	VERB
abrj-353	86	22	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	86	23	intertwined	intertwine	VERB
abrj-353	86	24	factors	factor	NOUN
abrj-353	86	25	such	such	ADJ
abrj-353	86	26	as	as	ADP
abrj-353	86	27	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
abrj-353	86	28	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	86	29	induced	induce	VERB
abrj-353	86	30	supply	supply	NOUN
abrj-353	86	31	chain	chain	NOUN
abrj-353	86	32	disruptions	disruption	NOUN
abrj-353	86	33	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	86	34	expansive	expansive	ADJ
abrj-353	86	35	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	86	36	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	86	37	monetary	monetary	ADJ
abrj-353	86	38	policies	policy	NOUN
abrj-353	86	39	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	86	40	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	86	41	geopolitical	geopolitical	ADJ
abrj-353	86	42	tensions	tension	NOUN
abrj-353	86	43	like	like	ADP
abrj-353	86	44	the	the	DET
abrj-353	86	45	russia	russia	PROPN
abrj-353	86	46	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	86	47	ukraine	ukraine	PROPN
abrj-353	86	48	conflict	conflict	NOUN
abrj-353	86	49	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	87	1	these	these	DET
abrj-353	87	2	factors	factor	NOUN
abrj-353	87	3	contributed	contribute	VERB
abrj-353	87	4	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	87	5	rising	rise	VERB
abrj-353	87	6	costs	cost	NOUN
abrj-353	87	7	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	87	8	essential	essential	ADJ
abrj-353	87	9	commodities	commodity	NOUN
abrj-353	87	10	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	87	11	making	make	VERB
abrj-353	87	12	it	it	PRON
abrj-353	87	13	difficult	difficult	ADJ
abrj-353	87	14	for	for	SCONJ
abrj-353	87	15	governments	government	NOUN
abrj-353	87	16	to	to	PART
abrj-353	87	17	implement	implement	VERB
abrj-353	87	18	budgets	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	87	19	effectively	effectively	ADV
abrj-353	87	20	without	without	ADP
abrj-353	87	21	frequent	frequent	ADJ
abrj-353	87	22	revisions	revision	NOUN
abrj-353	87	23	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	88	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
abrj-353	88	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	88	3	aggressive	aggressive	ADJ
abrj-353	88	4	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	88	5	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	88	6	hikes	hike	NOUN
abrj-353	88	7	aimed	aim	VERB
abrj-353	88	8	at	at	ADP
abrj-353	88	9	curbing	curb	VERB
abrj-353	88	10	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	88	11	increased	increase	VERB
abrj-353	88	12	borrowing	borrowing	NOUN
abrj-353	88	13	costs	cost	NOUN
abrj-353	88	14	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	88	15	limiting	limit	VERB
abrj-353	88	16	governments	government	NOUN
abrj-353	88	17	'	'	PART
abrj-353	88	18	ability	ability	NOUN
abrj-353	88	19	to	to	PART
abrj-353	88	20	finance	finance	VERB
abrj-353	88	21	deficits	deficit	NOUN
abrj-353	88	22	or	or	CCONJ
abrj-353	88	23	invest	invest	VERB
abrj-353	88	24	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	88	25	capital	capital	NOUN
abrj-353	88	26	projects	project	NOUN
abrj-353	88	27	without	without	ADP
abrj-353	88	28	incurring	incur	VERB
abrj-353	88	29	higher	high	ADJ
abrj-353	88	30	debt	debt	NOUN
abrj-353	88	31	burdens	burden	NOUN
abrj-353	88	32	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	89	1	while	while	SCONJ
abrj-353	89	2	ha	ha	INTJ
abrj-353	89	3	et	et	PROPN
abrj-353	89	4	al	al	PROPN
abrj-353	89	5	.	.	PROPN
abrj-353	89	6	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	89	7	2025	2025	NUM
abrj-353	89	8	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	89	9	pointed	point	VERB
abrj-353	89	10	out	out	ADP
abrj-353	89	11	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	89	12	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	89	13	moderation	moderation	NOUN
abrj-353	89	14	efforts	effort	NOUN
abrj-353	89	15	helped	help	VERB
abrj-353	89	16	some	some	DET
abrj-353	89	17	economies	economy	NOUN
abrj-353	89	18	approach	approach	VERB
abrj-353	89	19	stability	stability	NOUN
abrj-353	89	20	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	89	21	consumer	consumer	NOUN
abrj-353	89	22	prices	price	NOUN
abrj-353	89	23	remain	remain	VERB
abrj-353	89	24	elevated	elevated	ADJ
abrj-353	89	25	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	89	26	complicating	complicate	VERB
abrj-353	89	27	budgetary	budgetary	ADJ
abrj-353	89	28	planning	planning	NOUN
abrj-353	89	29	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	90	1	governments	government	NOUN
abrj-353	90	2	must	must	AUX
abrj-353	90	3	balance	balance	VERB
abrj-353	90	4	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	90	5	control	control	NOUN
abrj-353	90	6	measures	measure	NOUN
abrj-353	90	7	with	with	ADP
abrj-353	90	8	the	the	DET
abrj-353	90	9	need	need	NOUN
abrj-353	90	10	to	to	PART
abrj-353	90	11	maintain	maintain	VERB
abrj-353	90	12	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	90	13	growth	growth	NOUN
abrj-353	90	14	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	90	15	public	public	ADJ
abrj-353	90	16	welfare	welfare	NOUN
abrj-353	90	17	spending	spending	NOUN
abrj-353	90	18	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	91	1	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	91	2	some	some	DET
abrj-353	91	3	cases	case	NOUN
abrj-353	91	4	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	91	5	achieving	achieve	VERB
abrj-353	91	6	price	price	NOUN
abrj-353	91	7	stability	stability	NOUN
abrj-353	91	8	may	may	AUX
abrj-353	91	9	require	require	VERB
abrj-353	91	10	deflationary	deflationary	ADJ
abrj-353	91	11	measures	measure	NOUN
abrj-353	91	12	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	91	13	which	which	PRON
abrj-353	91	14	could	could	AUX
abrj-353	91	15	slow	slow	VERB
abrj-353	91	16	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	91	17	activity	activity	NOUN
abrj-353	91	18	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	91	19	further	further	ADJ
abrj-353	91	20	challenge	challenge	NOUN
abrj-353	91	21	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	91	22	execution	execution	NOUN
abrj-353	91	23	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	92	1	2.1.4	2.1.4	NUM
abrj-353	92	2	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	92	3	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	92	4	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	92	5	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	92	6	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	92	7	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	92	8	representing	represent	VERB
abrj-353	92	9	the	the	DET
abrj-353	92	10	cost	cost	NOUN
abrj-353	92	11	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	92	12	borrowing	borrowing	NOUN
abrj-353	92	13	or	or	CCONJ
abrj-353	92	14	return	return	VERB
abrj-353	92	15	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	92	16	savings	saving	NOUN
abrj-353	92	17	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	92	18	play	play	VERB
abrj-353	92	19	a	a	DET
abrj-353	92	20	crucial	crucial	ADJ
abrj-353	92	21	role	role	NOUN
abrj-353	92	22	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	92	23	monetary	monetary	ADJ
abrj-353	92	24	policy	policy	NOUN
abrj-353	92	25	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	92	26	influencing	influence	VERB
abrj-353	92	27	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	92	28	activities	activity	NOUN
abrj-353	92	29	such	such	ADJ
abrj-353	92	30	as	as	ADP
abrj-353	92	31	consumption	consumption	NOUN
abrj-353	92	32	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	92	33	investment	investment	NOUN
abrj-353	92	34	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	92	35	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	92	36	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	92	37	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	93	1	these	these	DET
abrj-353	93	2	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
abrj-353	93	3	directly	directly	ADV
abrj-353	93	4	impact	impact	VERB
abrj-353	93	5	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	93	6	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	93	7	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	93	8	as	as	SCONJ
abrj-353	93	9	government	government	NOUN
abrj-353	93	10	expenditures	expenditure	NOUN
abrj-353	93	11	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	93	12	revenues	revenue	NOUN
abrj-353	93	13	are	be	AUX
abrj-353	93	14	sensitive	sensitive	ADJ
abrj-353	93	15	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	93	16	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	93	17	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	93	18	fluctuations	fluctuation	NOUN
abrj-353	93	19	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	94	1	lower	low	ADJ
abrj-353	94	2	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	94	3	encourage	encourage	VERB
abrj-353	94	4	borrowing	borrowing	NOUN
abrj-353	94	5	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	94	6	spending	spending	NOUN
abrj-353	94	7	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	94	8	fostering	foster	VERB
abrj-353	94	9	growth	growth	NOUN
abrj-353	94	10	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	94	11	while	while	SCONJ
abrj-353	94	12	higher	high	ADJ
abrj-353	94	13	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	94	14	curb	curb	VERB
abrj-353	94	15	excessive	excessive	ADJ
abrj-353	94	16	demand	demand	NOUN
abrj-353	94	17	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	94	18	control	control	VERB
abrj-353	94	19	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	94	20	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	94	21	mishkin	mishkin	NOUN
abrj-353	94	22	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	94	23	2021	2021	NUM
abrj-353	94	24	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	94	25	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	95	1	central	central	ADJ
abrj-353	95	2	banks	bank	NOUN
abrj-353	95	3	adjust	adjust	VERB
abrj-353	95	4	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	95	5	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	95	6	to	to	PART
abrj-353	95	7	maintain	maintain	VERB
abrj-353	95	8	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	95	9	stability	stability	NOUN
abrj-353	95	10	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	95	11	tailoring	tailor	VERB
abrj-353	95	12	policies	policy	NOUN
abrj-353	95	13	to	to	PART
abrj-353	95	14	inflationary	inflationary	ADJ
abrj-353	95	15	or	or	CCONJ
abrj-353	95	16	deflationary	deflationary	ADJ
abrj-353	95	17	conditions	condition	NOUN
abrj-353	95	18	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	95	19	bernanke	bernanke	PROPN
abrj-353	95	20	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	95	21	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	95	22	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	95	23	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	96	1	however	however	ADV
abrj-353	96	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	96	3	frequent	frequent	ADJ
abrj-353	96	4	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	96	5	adjustments	adjustment	NOUN
abrj-353	96	6	can	can	AUX
abrj-353	96	7	create	create	VERB
abrj-353	96	8	budgetary	budgetary	ADJ
abrj-353	96	9	uncertainties	uncertainty	NOUN
abrj-353	96	10	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	96	11	making	make	VERB
abrj-353	96	12	it	it	PRON
abrj-353	96	13	difficult	difficult	ADJ
abrj-353	96	14	for	for	SCONJ
abrj-353	96	15	governments	government	NOUN
abrj-353	96	16	to	to	PART
abrj-353	96	17	plan	plan	VERB
abrj-353	96	18	long	long	ADJ
abrj-353	96	19	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	96	20	term	term	NOUN
abrj-353	96	21	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	96	22	policies	policy	NOUN
abrj-353	96	23	effectively	effectively	ADV
abrj-353	96	24	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	97	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	97	2	effects	effect	NOUN
abrj-353	97	3	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	97	4	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	97	5	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	97	6	extend	extend	VERB
abrj-353	97	7	beyond	beyond	ADP
abrj-353	97	8	domestic	domestic	ADJ
abrj-353	97	9	economies	economy	NOUN
abrj-353	97	10	;	;	PUNCT
abrj-353	97	11	higher	high	ADJ
abrj-353	97	12	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	97	13	attract	attract	VERB
abrj-353	97	14	foreign	foreign	ADJ
abrj-353	97	15	capital	capital	NOUN
abrj-353	97	16	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	97	17	strengthening	strengthen	VERB
abrj-353	97	18	local	local	ADJ
abrj-353	97	19	currencies	currency	NOUN
abrj-353	97	20	but	but	CCONJ
abrj-353	97	21	potentially	potentially	ADV
abrj-353	97	22	reducing	reduce	VERB
abrj-353	97	23	export	export	NOUN
abrj-353	97	24	competitiveness	competitiveness	NOUN
abrj-353	97	25	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	97	26	imf	imf	PROPN
abrj-353	97	27	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	97	28	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	97	29	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	97	30	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	98	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
abrj-353	98	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	98	3	rising	rise	VERB
abrj-353	98	4	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	98	5	increase	increase	VERB
abrj-353	98	6	public	public	ADJ
abrj-353	98	7	debt	debt	NOUN
abrj-353	98	8	servicing	servicing	NOUN
abrj-353	98	9	costs	cost	NOUN
abrj-353	98	10	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	98	11	impacting	impact	VERB
abrj-353	98	12	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	98	13	sustainability	sustainability	NOUN
abrj-353	98	14	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	98	15	oecd	oecd	PROPN
abrj-353	98	16	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	98	17	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	98	18	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	98	19	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	99	1	as	as	ADP
abrj-353	99	2	such	such	ADJ
abrj-353	99	3	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	99	4	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	99	5	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	99	6	shape	shape	VERB
abrj-353	99	7	financial	financial	ADJ
abrj-353	99	8	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	99	9	macroeconomic	macroeconomic	ADJ
abrj-353	99	10	landscapes	landscape	NOUN
abrj-353	99	11	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	99	12	influencing	influence	VERB
abrj-353	99	13	savings	saving	NOUN
abrj-353	99	14	behavior	behavior	NOUN
abrj-353	99	15	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	99	16	investment	investment	NOUN
abrj-353	99	17	trends	trend	NOUN
abrj-353	99	18	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	99	19	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	99	20	global	global	ADJ
abrj-353	99	21	trade	trade	NOUN
abrj-353	99	22	flows	flow	NOUN
abrj-353	99	23	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	99	24	blanchard	blanchard	PROPN
abrj-353	99	25	et	et	PROPN
abrj-353	99	26	al	al	PROPN
abrj-353	99	27	.	.	PROPN
abrj-353	99	28	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	99	29	2022	2022	NUM
abrj-353	99	30	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	99	31	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	100	1	between	between	ADP
abrj-353	100	2	2021	2021	NUM
abrj-353	100	3	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	100	4	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	100	5	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	100	6	global	global	ADJ
abrj-353	100	7	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	100	8	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	100	9	underwent	undergo	VERB
abrj-353	100	10	significant	significant	ADJ
abrj-353	100	11	fluctuations	fluctuation	NOUN
abrj-353	100	12	as	as	SCONJ
abrj-353	100	13	economies	economy	NOUN
abrj-353	100	14	navigated	navigate	VERB
abrj-353	100	15	postpandemic	postpandemic	ADJ
abrj-353	100	16	recovery	recovery	NOUN
abrj-353	100	17	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	100	18	inflationary	inflationary	ADJ
abrj-353	100	19	pressures	pressure	NOUN
abrj-353	100	20	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	101	1	initially	initially	ADV
abrj-353	101	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	101	3	central	central	ADJ
abrj-353	101	4	banks	bank	NOUN
abrj-353	101	5	kept	keep	VERB
abrj-353	101	6	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	101	7	low	low	ADJ
abrj-353	101	8	to	to	PART
abrj-353	101	9	support	support	VERB
abrj-353	101	10	growth	growth	NOUN
abrj-353	101	11	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	101	12	allowing	allow	VERB
abrj-353	101	13	governments	government	NOUN
abrj-353	101	14	to	to	PART
abrj-353	101	15	finance	finance	VERB
abrj-353	101	16	stimulus	stimulus	ADJ
abrj-353	101	17	packages	package	NOUN
abrj-353	101	18	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	102	1	however	however	ADV
abrj-353	102	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	102	3	surging	surge	VERB
abrj-353	102	4	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	102	5	led	lead	VERB
abrj-353	102	6	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	102	7	aggressive	aggressive	ADJ
abrj-353	102	8	hikes	hike	NOUN
abrj-353	102	9	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	102	10	2022	2022	NUM
abrj-353	102	11	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	102	12	complicating	complicate	VERB
abrj-353	102	13	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	102	14	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	102	15	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	103	1	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	103	2	instance	instance	NOUN
abrj-353	103	3	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	103	4	the	the	DET
abrj-353	103	5	u.s	u.s	PROPN
abrj-353	103	6	.	.	PROPN
abrj-353	103	7	federal	federal	PROPN
abrj-353	103	8	reserve	reserve	PROPN
abrj-353	103	9	raised	raise	VERB
abrj-353	103	10	its	its	PRON
abrj-353	103	11	benchmark	benchmark	NOUN
abrj-353	103	12	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	103	13	from	from	ADP
abrj-353	103	14	near	near	ADP
abrj-353	103	15	zero	zero	NUM
abrj-353	103	16	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	103	17	over	over	ADP
abrj-353	103	18	5	5	NUM
abrj-353	103	19	%	%	NOUN
abrj-353	103	20	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	103	21	reducing	reduce	VERB
abrj-353	103	22	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	103	23	but	but	CCONJ
abrj-353	103	24	increasing	increase	VERB
abrj-353	103	25	borrowing	borrowing	NOUN
abrj-353	103	26	costs	cost	NOUN
abrj-353	103	27	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	103	28	government	government	NOUN
abrj-353	103	29	spending	spending	NOUN
abrj-353	103	30	programs	program	NOUN
abrj-353	103	31	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	103	32	federal	federal	PROPN
abrj-353	103	33	reserve	reserve	PROPN
abrj-353	103	34	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	103	35	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	103	36	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	103	37	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	104	1	similarly	similarly	ADV
abrj-353	104	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	104	3	the	the	DET
abrj-353	104	4	european	european	PROPN
abrj-353	104	5	central	central	PROPN
abrj-353	104	6	bank	bank	PROPN
abrj-353	104	7	’s	’s	PART
abrj-353	104	8	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	104	9	hikes	hike	NOUN
abrj-353	104	10	lowered	lower	VERB
abrj-353	104	11	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	104	12	but	but	CCONJ
abrj-353	104	13	constrained	constrain	VERB
abrj-353	104	14	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	104	15	flexibility	flexibility	NOUN
abrj-353	104	16	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	104	17	european	european	PROPN
abrj-353	104	18	central	central	PROPN
abrj-353	104	19	bank	bank	PROPN
abrj-353	104	20	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	104	21	ecb	ecb	PROPN
abrj-353	104	22	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	104	23	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	104	24	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	104	25	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	104	26	developing	develop	VERB
abrj-353	104	27	economies	economy	NOUN
abrj-353	104	28	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	104	29	such	such	ADJ
abrj-353	104	30	as	as	ADP
abrj-353	104	31	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	104	32	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	104	33	faced	face	VERB
abrj-353	104	34	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	104	35	exceeding	exceed	VERB
abrj-353	104	36	20	20	NUM
abrj-353	104	37	%	%	NOUN
abrj-353	104	38	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	104	39	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	104	40	despite	despite	SCONJ
abrj-353	104	41	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	104	42	increases	increase	NOUN
abrj-353	104	43	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	104	44	limiting	limit	VERB
abrj-353	104	45	the	the	DET
abrj-353	104	46	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
abrj-353	104	47	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	104	48	monetary	monetary	ADJ
abrj-353	104	49	policy	policy	NOUN
abrj-353	104	50	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	104	51	supporting	support	VERB
abrj-353	104	52	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	104	53	execution	execution	NOUN
abrj-353	104	54	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	104	55	cbn	cbn	PROPN
abrj-353	104	56	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	104	57	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	104	58	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	104	59	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	105	1	higher	high	ADJ
abrj-353	105	2	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	105	3	eroded	erode	VERB
abrj-353	105	4	the	the	DET
abrj-353	105	5	real	real	ADJ
abrj-353	105	6	value	value	NOUN
abrj-353	105	7	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	105	8	government	government	NOUN
abrj-353	105	9	revenues	revenue	NOUN
abrj-353	105	10	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	105	11	making	make	VERB
abrj-353	105	12	it	it	PRON
abrj-353	105	13	harder	hard	ADJ
abrj-353	105	14	to	to	PART
abrj-353	105	15	fund	fund	VERB
abrj-353	105	16	budgeted	budget	VERB
abrj-353	105	17	expenditures	expenditure	NOUN
abrj-353	105	18	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	106	1	japan	japan	PROPN
abrj-353	106	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	106	3	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	106	4	contrast	contrast	NOUN
abrj-353	106	5	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	106	6	maintained	maintain	VERB
abrj-353	106	7	ultra	ultra	ADJ
abrj-353	106	8	-	-	ADJ
abrj-353	106	9	low	low	ADJ
abrj-353	106	10	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	106	11	to	to	PART
abrj-353	106	12	counter	counter	VERB
abrj-353	106	13	deflation	deflation	NOUN
abrj-353	106	14	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	106	15	but	but	CCONJ
abrj-353	106	16	this	this	DET
abrj-353	106	17	approach	approach	NOUN
abrj-353	106	18	limited	limit	VERB
abrj-353	106	19	the	the	DET
abrj-353	106	20	government	government	NOUN
abrj-353	106	21	's	's	PART
abrj-353	106	22	ability	ability	NOUN
abrj-353	106	23	to	to	PART
abrj-353	106	24	stimulate	stimulate	VERB
abrj-353	106	25	the	the	DET
abrj-353	106	26	economy	economy	NOUN
abrj-353	106	27	through	through	ADP
abrj-353	106	28	monetary	monetary	ADJ
abrj-353	106	29	policy	policy	NOUN
abrj-353	106	30	alone	alone	ADV
abrj-353	106	31	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	106	32	bank	bank	PROPN
abrj-353	106	33	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	106	34	japan	japan	PROPN
abrj-353	106	35	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	106	36	boj	boj	PROPN
abrj-353	106	37	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	106	38	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	106	39	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	106	40	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	106	41	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	107	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	107	2	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	107	3	hikes	hike	NOUN
abrj-353	107	4	also	also	ADV
abrj-353	107	5	affected	affect	VERB
abrj-353	107	6	financial	financial	ADJ
abrj-353	107	7	markets	market	NOUN
abrj-353	107	8	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	107	9	raising	raise	VERB
abrj-353	107	10	borrowing	borrowing	NOUN
abrj-353	107	11	costs	cost	NOUN
abrj-353	107	12	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	107	13	reducing	reduce	VERB
abrj-353	107	14	corporate	corporate	ADJ
abrj-353	107	15	profits	profit	NOUN
abrj-353	107	16	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	107	17	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	107	18	slowing	slow	VERB
abrj-353	107	19	housing	housing	NOUN
abrj-353	107	20	markets	market	NOUN
abrj-353	107	21	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	107	22	imf	imf	PROPN
abrj-353	107	23	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	107	24	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	107	25	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	107	26	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	108	1	these	these	DET
abrj-353	108	2	effects	effect	NOUN
abrj-353	108	3	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	108	4	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	108	5	turn	turn	NOUN
abrj-353	108	6	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	108	7	influenced	influence	VERB
abrj-353	108	8	tax	tax	NOUN
abrj-353	108	9	revenues	revenue	NOUN
abrj-353	108	10	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	108	11	debt	debt	NOUN
abrj-353	108	12	sustainability	sustainability	NOUN
abrj-353	108	13	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	108	14	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	108	15	public	public	ADJ
abrj-353	108	16	expenditure	expenditure	NOUN
abrj-353	108	17	planning	planning	NOUN
abrj-353	108	18	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	109	1	2.1.5	2.1.5	NUM
abrj-353	109	2	.	.	X
abrj-353	109	3	corruption	corruption	NOUN
abrj-353	109	4	index	index	NOUN
abrj-353	109	5	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	109	6	the	the	DET
abrj-353	109	7	corruption	corruption	NOUN
abrj-353	109	8	perceptions	perception	NOUN
abrj-353	109	9	index	index	NOUN
abrj-353	109	10	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	109	11	cpi	cpi	PROPN
abrj-353	109	12	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	109	13	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	109	14	developed	develop	VERB
abrj-353	109	15	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	109	16	transparency	transparency	NOUN
abrj-353	109	17	international	international	NOUN
abrj-353	109	18	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	109	19	1995	1995	NUM
abrj-353	109	20	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	109	21	ranks	rank	VERB
abrj-353	109	22	countries	country	NOUN
abrj-353	109	23	annually	annually	ADV
abrj-353	109	24	based	base	VERB
abrj-353	109	25	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	109	26	perceived	perceive	VERB
abrj-353	109	27	public	public	ADJ
abrj-353	109	28	sector	sector	NOUN
abrj-353	109	29	corruption	corruption	NOUN
abrj-353	109	30	using	use	VERB
abrj-353	109	31	data	datum	NOUN
abrj-353	109	32	from	from	ADP
abrj-353	109	33	credible	credible	ADJ
abrj-353	109	34	sources	source	NOUN
abrj-353	109	35	like	like	ADP
abrj-353	109	36	the	the	DET
abrj-353	109	37	world	world	PROPN
abrj-353	109	38	bank	bank	PROPN
abrj-353	109	39	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	109	40	world	world	PROPN
abrj-353	109	41	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	109	42	forum	forum	PROPN
abrj-353	109	43	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	109	44	transparency	transparency	NOUN
abrj-353	109	45	international	international	NOUN
abrj-353	109	46	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	109	47	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	109	48	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	109	49	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	110	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	110	2	cpi	cpi	PROPN
abrj-353	110	3	scores	score	NOUN
abrj-353	110	4	range	range	VERB
abrj-353	110	5	from	from	ADP
abrj-353	110	6	0	0	NUM
abrj-353	110	7	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	110	8	highly	highly	ADV
abrj-353	110	9	corrupt	corrupt	ADJ
abrj-353	110	10	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	110	11	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	110	12	100	100	NUM
abrj-353	110	13	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	110	14	very	very	ADV
abrj-353	110	15	clean	clean	ADJ
abrj-353	110	16	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	110	17	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	110	18	reflecting	reflect	VERB
abrj-353	110	19	expert	expert	NOUN
abrj-353	110	20	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	110	21	business	business	NOUN
abrj-353	110	22	opinions	opinion	NOUN
abrj-353	110	23	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	110	24	corruption	corruption	NOUN
abrj-353	110	25	prevalence	prevalence	NOUN
abrj-353	110	26	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	111	1	high	high	ADJ
abrj-353	111	2	corruption	corruption	NOUN
abrj-353	111	3	levels	level	NOUN
abrj-353	111	4	indicate	indicate	VERB
abrj-353	111	5	systemic	systemic	ADJ
abrj-353	111	6	governance	governance	NOUN
abrj-353	111	7	issues	issue	NOUN
abrj-353	111	8	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	111	9	undermining	undermine	VERB
abrj-353	111	10	judicial	judicial	ADJ
abrj-353	111	11	integrity	integrity	NOUN
abrj-353	111	12	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	111	13	diverting	divert	VERB
abrj-353	111	14	resources	resource	NOUN
abrj-353	111	15	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	111	16	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	111	17	eroding	erode	VERB
abrj-353	111	18	public	public	ADJ
abrj-353	111	19	trust	trust	NOUN
abrj-353	111	20	—	—	PUNCT
abrj-353	111	21	factors	factor	NOUN
abrj-353	111	22	that	that	PRON
abrj-353	111	23	directly	directly	ADV
abrj-353	111	24	impact	impact	VERB
abrj-353	111	25	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	111	26	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	111	27	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	112	1	effective	effective	ADJ
abrj-353	112	2	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	112	3	execution	execution	NOUN
abrj-353	112	4	depends	depend	VERB
abrj-353	112	5	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	112	6	transparent	transparent	ADJ
abrj-353	112	7	allocation	allocation	NOUN
abrj-353	112	8	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	112	9	asian	asian	ADJ
abrj-353	112	10	business	business	NOUN
abrj-353	112	11	research	research	NOUN
abrj-353	112	12	journal	journal	NOUN
abrj-353	112	13	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	112	14	2025	2025	NUM
abrj-353	112	15	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	112	16	10(4	10(4	NUM
abrj-353	112	17	):	):	PUNCT
abrj-353	112	18	7	7	NUM
abrj-353	112	19	-	-	SYM
abrj-353	112	20	19	19	NUM
abrj-353	112	21	10	10	NUM
abrj-353	112	22	©	©	PROPN
abrj-353	112	23	2025	2025	NUM
abrj-353	112	24	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	112	25	the	the	DET
abrj-353	112	26	authors	author	NOUN
abrj-353	112	27	;	;	PUNCT
abrj-353	112	28	licensee	licensee	NOUN
abrj-353	112	29	eastern	eastern	ADJ
abrj-353	112	30	centre	centre	NOUN
abrj-353	112	31	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	112	32	science	science	NOUN
abrj-353	112	33	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	112	34	education	education	NOUN
abrj-353	112	35	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	112	36	usa	usa	PROPN
abrj-353	112	37	prudent	prudent	ADJ
abrj-353	112	38	resource	resource	NOUN
abrj-353	112	39	utilization	utilization	NOUN
abrj-353	112	40	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	113	1	however	however	ADV
abrj-353	113	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	113	3	corruption	corruption	NOUN
abrj-353	113	4	weakens	weaken	VERB
abrj-353	113	5	institutional	institutional	ADJ
abrj-353	113	6	oversight	oversight	NOUN
abrj-353	113	7	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	113	8	leading	lead	VERB
abrj-353	113	9	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	113	10	misallocation	misallocation	NOUN
abrj-353	113	11	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	113	12	embezzlement	embezzlement	NOUN
abrj-353	113	13	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	113	14	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	113	15	inflated	inflated	ADJ
abrj-353	113	16	contracts	contract	NOUN
abrj-353	113	17	that	that	PRON
abrj-353	113	18	derail	derail	VERB
abrj-353	113	19	government	government	NOUN
abrj-353	113	20	spending	spending	NOUN
abrj-353	113	21	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
abrj-353	113	22	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	114	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	114	2	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	114	3	cpi	cpi	PROPN
abrj-353	114	4	highlights	highlight	VERB
abrj-353	114	5	persistent	persistent	ADJ
abrj-353	114	6	global	global	ADJ
abrj-353	114	7	challenges	challenge	NOUN
abrj-353	114	8	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	114	9	with	with	ADP
abrj-353	114	10	only	only	ADV
abrj-353	114	11	28	28	NUM
abrj-353	114	12	out	out	ADP
abrj-353	114	13	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	114	14	180	180	NUM
abrj-353	114	15	countries	country	NOUN
abrj-353	114	16	improving	improve	VERB
abrj-353	114	17	over	over	ADP
abrj-353	114	18	12	12	NUM
abrj-353	114	19	years	year	NOUN
abrj-353	114	20	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	114	21	while	while	SCONJ
abrj-353	114	22	34	34	NUM
abrj-353	114	23	have	have	AUX
abrj-353	114	24	significantly	significantly	ADV
abrj-353	114	25	declined	decline	VERB
abrj-353	114	26	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	114	27	eqs	eqs	PROPN
abrj-353	114	28	group	group	NOUN
abrj-353	114	29	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	114	30	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	114	31	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	114	32	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	115	1	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	115	2	africa	africa	PROPN
abrj-353	115	3	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	115	4	corruption	corruption	NOUN
abrj-353	115	5	remains	remain	VERB
abrj-353	115	6	widespread	widespread	ADJ
abrj-353	115	7	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	115	8	diverting	divert	VERB
abrj-353	115	9	essential	essential	ADJ
abrj-353	115	10	resources	resource	NOUN
abrj-353	115	11	meant	mean	VERB
abrj-353	115	12	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	115	13	public	public	ADJ
abrj-353	115	14	services	service	NOUN
abrj-353	115	15	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	115	16	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
abrj-353	115	17	projects	project	NOUN
abrj-353	115	18	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	115	19	thereby	thereby	ADV
abrj-353	115	20	undermining	undermine	VERB
abrj-353	115	21	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	115	22	discipline	discipline	NOUN
abrj-353	115	23	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	115	24	development	development	NOUN
abrj-353	115	25	efforts	effort	NOUN
abrj-353	115	26	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	115	27	transparency	transparency	NOUN
abrj-353	115	28	international	international	NOUN
abrj-353	115	29	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	115	30	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	115	31	;	;	PUNCT
abrj-353	115	32	world	world	PROPN
abrj-353	115	33	bank	bank	PROPN
abrj-353	115	34	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	115	35	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	115	36	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	115	37	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	116	1	2.2	2.2	NUM
abrj-353	116	2	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	116	3	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
abrj-353	116	4	framework	framework	NOUN
abrj-353	116	5	2.2.1	2.2.1	NUM
abrj-353	116	6	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	117	1	institutional	institutional	ADJ
abrj-353	117	2	theory	theory	NOUN
abrj-353	117	3	institutional	institutional	ADJ
abrj-353	117	4	theory	theory	NOUN
abrj-353	117	5	formed	form	VERB
abrj-353	117	6	the	the	DET
abrj-353	117	7	bedrock	bedrock	NOUN
abrj-353	117	8	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	117	9	this	this	DET
abrj-353	117	10	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	117	11	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	118	1	institutional	institutional	ADJ
abrj-353	118	2	theory	theory	NOUN
abrj-353	118	3	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	118	4	rooted	root	VERB
abrj-353	118	5	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	118	6	max	max	PROPN
abrj-353	118	7	weber	weber	PROPN
abrj-353	118	8	's	's	PART
abrj-353	118	9	sociological	sociological	ADJ
abrj-353	118	10	principles	principle	NOUN
abrj-353	118	11	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	118	12	expanded	expand	VERB
abrj-353	118	13	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	118	14	douglass	douglass	PROPN
abrj-353	118	15	north	north	PROPN
abrj-353	118	16	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	118	17	1990	1990	NUM
abrj-353	118	18	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	118	19	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	118	20	emphasizes	emphasize	VERB
abrj-353	118	21	the	the	DET
abrj-353	118	22	role	role	NOUN
abrj-353	118	23	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	118	24	both	both	CCONJ
abrj-353	118	25	formal	formal	ADJ
abrj-353	118	26	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	118	27	informal	informal	ADJ
abrj-353	118	28	institutions	institution	NOUN
abrj-353	118	29	—	—	PUNCT
abrj-353	118	30	such	such	ADJ
abrj-353	118	31	as	as	ADP
abrj-353	118	32	laws	law	NOUN
abrj-353	118	33	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	118	34	norms	norm	NOUN
abrj-353	118	35	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	118	36	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	118	37	conventions	convention	NOUN
abrj-353	118	38	—	—	PUNCT
abrj-353	118	39	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	118	40	shaping	shape	VERB
abrj-353	118	41	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	118	42	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	118	43	organizational	organizational	ADJ
abrj-353	118	44	behaviour	behaviour	NOUN
abrj-353	118	45	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	118	46	douglass	douglass	NOUN
abrj-353	118	47	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	118	48	1990	1990	NUM
abrj-353	118	49	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	118	50	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	119	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	119	2	theory	theory	NOUN
abrj-353	119	3	posits	posit	NOUN
abrj-353	119	4	that	that	PRON
abrj-353	119	5	institutions	institution	NOUN
abrj-353	119	6	provide	provide	VERB
abrj-353	119	7	a	a	DET
abrj-353	119	8	framework	framework	NOUN
abrj-353	119	9	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	119	10	social	social	ADJ
abrj-353	119	11	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	119	12	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	119	13	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	119	14	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	119	15	political	political	ADJ
abrj-353	119	16	interactions	interaction	NOUN
abrj-353	119	17	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	119	18	significantly	significantly	ADV
abrj-353	119	19	influencing	influence	VERB
abrj-353	119	20	decisions	decision	NOUN
abrj-353	119	21	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	119	22	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
abrj-353	119	23	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	119	24	agarwal	agarwal	PROPN
abrj-353	119	25	et	et	PROPN
abrj-353	119	26	al	al	PROPN
abrj-353	119	27	.	.	PROPN
abrj-353	119	28	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	119	29	2024	2024	NUM
abrj-353	119	30	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	119	31	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	120	1	key	key	ADJ
abrj-353	120	2	assumptions	assumption	NOUN
abrj-353	120	3	include	include	VERB
abrj-353	120	4	the	the	DET
abrj-353	120	5	dual	dual	ADJ
abrj-353	120	6	impact	impact	NOUN
abrj-353	120	7	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	120	8	formal	formal	ADJ
abrj-353	120	9	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	120	10	informal	informal	ADJ
abrj-353	120	11	structures	structure	NOUN
abrj-353	120	12	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	120	13	the	the	DET
abrj-353	120	14	persistence	persistence	NOUN
abrj-353	120	15	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	120	16	historical	historical	ADJ
abrj-353	120	17	contexts	contexts	NOUN
abrj-353	120	18	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	120	19	path	path	NOUN
abrj-353	120	20	dependency	dependency	NOUN
abrj-353	120	21	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	120	22	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	120	23	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	120	24	the	the	DET
abrj-353	120	25	necessity	necessity	NOUN
abrj-353	120	26	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	120	27	organizations	organization	NOUN
abrj-353	120	28	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	120	29	governments	government	NOUN
abrj-353	120	30	to	to	PART
abrj-353	120	31	align	align	VERB
abrj-353	120	32	with	with	ADP
abrj-353	120	33	institutional	institutional	ADJ
abrj-353	120	34	frameworks	framework	NOUN
abrj-353	120	35	to	to	PART
abrj-353	120	36	gain	gain	VERB
abrj-353	120	37	legitimacy	legitimacy	NOUN
abrj-353	120	38	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	120	39	davis	davis	PROPN
abrj-353	120	40	&	&	CCONJ
abrj-353	120	41	boianovsky	boianovsky	PROPN
abrj-353	120	42	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	120	43	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	120	44	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	120	45	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	121	1	these	these	DET
abrj-353	121	2	principles	principle	NOUN
abrj-353	121	3	underscore	underscore	VERB
abrj-353	121	4	the	the	DET
abrj-353	121	5	role	role	NOUN
abrj-353	121	6	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	121	7	institutions	institution	NOUN
abrj-353	121	8	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	121	9	guiding	guide	VERB
abrj-353	121	10	governance	governance	NOUN
abrj-353	121	11	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	121	12	policy	policy	NOUN
abrj-353	121	13	actions	action	NOUN
abrj-353	121	14	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	121	15	north	north	NOUN
abrj-353	121	16	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	121	17	1990	1990	NUM
abrj-353	121	18	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	121	19	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	122	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	122	2	theory	theory	NOUN
abrj-353	122	3	is	be	AUX
abrj-353	122	4	particularly	particularly	ADV
abrj-353	122	5	relevant	relevant	ADJ
abrj-353	122	6	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	122	7	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	122	8	processes	process	NOUN
abrj-353	122	9	including	include	VERB
abrj-353	122	10	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	122	11	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	122	12	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	123	1	strong	strong	ADJ
abrj-353	123	2	institutions	institution	NOUN
abrj-353	123	3	enhance	enhance	VERB
abrj-353	123	4	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	123	5	performance	performance	NOUN
abrj-353	123	6	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	123	7	promoting	promote	VERB
abrj-353	123	8	transparency	transparency	NOUN
abrj-353	123	9	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	123	10	accountability	accountability	NOUN
abrj-353	123	11	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	123	12	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	123	13	efficient	efficient	ADJ
abrj-353	123	14	resource	resource	NOUN
abrj-353	123	15	allocation	allocation	NOUN
abrj-353	123	16	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	123	17	while	while	SCONJ
abrj-353	123	18	weak	weak	ADJ
abrj-353	123	19	institutions	institution	NOUN
abrj-353	123	20	—	—	PUNCT
abrj-353	123	21	marked	mark	VERB
abrj-353	123	22	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	123	23	corruption	corruption	NOUN
abrj-353	123	24	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	123	25	governance	governance	NOUN
abrj-353	123	26	failures	failure	NOUN
abrj-353	123	27	—	—	PUNCT
abrj-353	123	28	undermine	undermine	ADJ
abrj-353	123	29	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	123	30	stability	stability	NOUN
abrj-353	123	31	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	124	1	recent	recent	ADJ
abrj-353	124	2	empirical	empirical	ADJ
abrj-353	124	3	studies	study	NOUN
abrj-353	124	4	validate	validate	VERB
abrj-353	124	5	these	these	DET
abrj-353	124	6	claims	claim	NOUN
abrj-353	124	7	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	125	1	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	125	2	example	example	NOUN
abrj-353	125	3	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	125	4	adesina	adesina	NOUN
abrj-353	125	5	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	125	6	adeyemo	adeyemo	ADJ
abrj-353	125	7	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	125	8	2022	2022	NUM
abrj-353	125	9	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	125	10	show	show	VERB
abrj-353	125	11	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	125	12	governance	governance	NOUN
abrj-353	125	13	quality	quality	NOUN
abrj-353	125	14	significantly	significantly	ADV
abrj-353	125	15	impacts	impact	VERB
abrj-353	125	16	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	125	17	execution	execution	NOUN
abrj-353	125	18	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	125	19	sub	sub	ADJ
abrj-353	125	20	-	-	ADJ
abrj-353	125	21	saharan	saharan	ADJ
abrj-353	125	22	africa	africa	PROPN
abrj-353	125	23	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	125	24	while	while	SCONJ
abrj-353	125	25	ahmed	ahmed	PROPN
abrj-353	125	26	et	et	PROPN
abrj-353	125	27	al	al	PROPN
abrj-353	125	28	.	.	PROPN
abrj-353	126	1	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	126	2	2022	2022	NUM
abrj-353	126	3	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	126	4	highlight	highlight	VERB
abrj-353	126	5	the	the	DET
abrj-353	126	6	importance	importance	NOUN
abrj-353	126	7	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	126	8	institutional	institutional	ADJ
abrj-353	126	9	strength	strength	NOUN
abrj-353	126	10	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	126	11	effective	effective	ADJ
abrj-353	126	12	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	126	13	management	management	NOUN
abrj-353	126	14	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	127	1	these	these	DET
abrj-353	127	2	findings	finding	NOUN
abrj-353	127	3	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
abrj-353	127	4	the	the	DET
abrj-353	127	5	critical	critical	ADJ
abrj-353	127	6	influence	influence	NOUN
abrj-353	127	7	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	127	8	institutional	institutional	ADJ
abrj-353	127	9	quality	quality	NOUN
abrj-353	127	10	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	127	11	fostering	foster	VERB
abrj-353	127	12	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	127	13	stability	stability	NOUN
abrj-353	127	14	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	127	15	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	127	16	development	development	NOUN
abrj-353	127	17	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	128	1	recent	recent	ADJ
abrj-353	128	2	studies	study	NOUN
abrj-353	128	3	continue	continue	VERB
abrj-353	128	4	to	to	PART
abrj-353	128	5	emphasize	emphasize	VERB
abrj-353	128	6	the	the	DET
abrj-353	128	7	importance	importance	NOUN
abrj-353	128	8	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	128	9	institutional	institutional	ADJ
abrj-353	128	10	quality	quality	NOUN
abrj-353	128	11	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	128	12	shaping	shape	VERB
abrj-353	128	13	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	128	14	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	128	15	macroeconomic	macroeconomic	ADJ
abrj-353	128	16	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
abrj-353	128	17	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	128	18	especially	especially	ADV
abrj-353	128	19	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	128	20	developing	develop	VERB
abrj-353	128	21	economies	economy	NOUN
abrj-353	128	22	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	129	1	adesina	adesina	PROPN
abrj-353	129	2	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	129	3	okafor	okafor	PROPN
abrj-353	129	4	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	129	5	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	129	6	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	129	7	found	find	VERB
abrj-353	129	8	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	129	9	weak	weak	ADJ
abrj-353	129	10	institutions	institution	NOUN
abrj-353	129	11	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	129	12	characterized	characterize	VERB
abrj-353	129	13	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	129	14	corruption	corruption	NOUN
abrj-353	129	15	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	129	16	poor	poor	ADJ
abrj-353	129	17	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
abrj-353	129	18	frameworks	framework	NOUN
abrj-353	129	19	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	129	20	negatively	negatively	ADV
abrj-353	129	21	affect	affect	VERB
abrj-353	129	22	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	129	23	execution	execution	NOUN
abrj-353	129	24	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	129	25	debt	debt	NOUN
abrj-353	129	26	servicing	servicing	NOUN
abrj-353	129	27	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	129	28	sub	sub	ADJ
abrj-353	129	29	-	-	ADJ
abrj-353	129	30	saharan	saharan	ADJ
abrj-353	129	31	africa	africa	PROPN
abrj-353	129	32	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	130	1	similarly	similarly	ADV
abrj-353	130	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	130	3	ahmed	ahmed	PROPN
abrj-353	130	4	et	et	PROPN
abrj-353	130	5	al	al	PROPN
abrj-353	130	6	.	.	PROPN
abrj-353	131	1	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	131	2	2022	2022	NUM
abrj-353	131	3	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	131	4	showed	show	VERB
abrj-353	131	5	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	131	6	strong	strong	ADJ
abrj-353	131	7	institutional	institutional	ADJ
abrj-353	131	8	structures	structure	NOUN
abrj-353	131	9	facilitate	facilitate	VERB
abrj-353	131	10	effective	effective	ADJ
abrj-353	131	11	monetary	monetary	ADJ
abrj-353	131	12	policy	policy	NOUN
abrj-353	131	13	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	131	14	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	131	15	which	which	PRON
abrj-353	131	16	stabilizes	stabilize	VERB
abrj-353	131	17	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	131	18	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	131	19	enhances	enhance	VERB
abrj-353	131	20	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	131	21	sustainability	sustainability	NOUN
abrj-353	131	22	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	132	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	132	2	imf	imf	PROPN
abrj-353	132	3	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	132	4	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	132	5	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	132	6	highlighted	highlight	VERB
abrj-353	132	7	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	132	8	institutional	institutional	ADJ
abrj-353	132	9	reforms	reform	NOUN
abrj-353	132	10	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	132	11	such	such	ADJ
abrj-353	132	12	as	as	ADP
abrj-353	132	13	improving	improve	VERB
abrj-353	132	14	central	central	ADJ
abrj-353	132	15	bank	bank	NOUN
abrj-353	132	16	autonomy	autonomy	NOUN
abrj-353	132	17	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	132	18	help	help	VERB
abrj-353	132	19	reduce	reduce	VERB
abrj-353	132	20	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	132	21	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	132	22	volatility	volatility	NOUN
abrj-353	132	23	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	132	24	thereby	thereby	ADV
abrj-353	132	25	supporting	support	VERB
abrj-353	132	26	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	132	27	planning	planning	NOUN
abrj-353	132	28	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	132	29	debt	debt	NOUN
abrj-353	132	30	management	management	NOUN
abrj-353	132	31	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	133	1	together	together	ADV
abrj-353	133	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	133	3	these	these	DET
abrj-353	133	4	studies	study	NOUN
abrj-353	133	5	confirm	confirm	VERB
abrj-353	133	6	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	133	7	strengthening	strengthen	VERB
abrj-353	133	8	institutions	institution	NOUN
abrj-353	133	9	is	be	AUX
abrj-353	133	10	essential	essential	ADJ
abrj-353	133	11	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	133	12	addressing	address	VERB
abrj-353	133	13	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	133	14	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	133	15	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	133	16	challenges	challenge	NOUN
abrj-353	133	17	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	133	18	developing	develop	VERB
abrj-353	133	19	countries	country	NOUN
abrj-353	133	20	like	like	ADP
abrj-353	133	21	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	133	22	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	134	1	institutional	institutional	ADJ
abrj-353	134	2	theory	theory	NOUN
abrj-353	134	3	offers	offer	VERB
abrj-353	134	4	a	a	DET
abrj-353	134	5	valuable	valuable	ADJ
abrj-353	134	6	framework	framework	NOUN
abrj-353	134	7	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	134	8	understanding	understand	VERB
abrj-353	134	9	the	the	DET
abrj-353	134	10	relationship	relationship	NOUN
abrj-353	134	11	between	between	ADP
abrj-353	134	12	macroeconomic	macroeconomic	ADJ
abrj-353	134	13	variables	variable	NOUN
abrj-353	134	14	—	—	PUNCT
abrj-353	134	15	such	such	ADJ
abrj-353	134	16	as	as	ADP
abrj-353	134	17	foreign	foreign	ADJ
abrj-353	134	18	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	134	19	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	134	20	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	134	21	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	134	22	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	134	23	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	134	24	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	134	25	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	134	26	—	—	PUNCT
abrj-353	134	27	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	134	28	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	134	29	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
abrj-353	134	30	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	134	31	including	include	VERB
abrj-353	134	32	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	134	33	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	134	34	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	134	35	north	north	NOUN
abrj-353	134	36	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	134	37	1990	1990	NUM
abrj-353	134	38	;	;	PUNCT
abrj-353	134	39	imf	imf	PROPN
abrj-353	134	40	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	134	41	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	134	42	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	134	43	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	135	1	effective	effective	ADJ
abrj-353	135	2	institutions	institution	NOUN
abrj-353	135	3	ensure	ensure	VERB
abrj-353	135	4	currency	currency	NOUN
abrj-353	135	5	stability	stability	NOUN
abrj-353	135	6	through	through	ADP
abrj-353	135	7	central	central	ADJ
abrj-353	135	8	bank	bank	NOUN
abrj-353	135	9	autonomy	autonomy	NOUN
abrj-353	135	10	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	135	11	transparent	transparent	ADJ
abrj-353	135	12	policies	policy	NOUN
abrj-353	135	13	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	135	14	reducing	reduce	VERB
abrj-353	135	15	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	135	16	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	135	17	volatility	volatility	NOUN
abrj-353	135	18	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	135	19	its	its	PRON
abrj-353	135	20	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	135	21	implications	implication	NOUN
abrj-353	135	22	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	135	23	adesina	adesina	PROPN
abrj-353	135	24	&	&	CCONJ
abrj-353	135	25	okafor	okafor	PROPN
abrj-353	135	26	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	135	27	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	135	28	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	135	29	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	136	1	robust	robust	ADJ
abrj-353	136	2	monetary	monetary	ADJ
abrj-353	136	3	policies	policy	NOUN
abrj-353	136	4	driven	drive	VERB
abrj-353	136	5	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	136	6	strong	strong	ADJ
abrj-353	136	7	institutions	institution	NOUN
abrj-353	136	8	help	help	VERB
abrj-353	136	9	control	control	VERB
abrj-353	136	10	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	136	11	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	136	12	preventing	prevent	VERB
abrj-353	136	13	disruptions	disruption	NOUN
abrj-353	136	14	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	136	15	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	136	16	planning	planning	NOUN
abrj-353	136	17	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	136	18	minimizing	minimize	VERB
abrj-353	136	19	debt	debt	NOUN
abrj-353	136	20	servicing	servicing	NOUN
abrj-353	136	21	costs	cost	NOUN
abrj-353	136	22	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	136	23	ahmed	ahmed	PROPN
abrj-353	136	24	et	et	PROPN
abrj-353	136	25	al	al	PROPN
abrj-353	136	26	.	.	PROPN
abrj-353	136	27	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	136	28	2022	2022	NUM
abrj-353	136	29	;	;	PUNCT
abrj-353	136	30	world	world	NOUN
abrj-353	136	31	bank	bank	PROPN
abrj-353	136	32	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	136	33	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	136	34	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	136	35	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	137	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
abrj-353	137	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	137	3	strong	strong	ADJ
abrj-353	137	4	governance	governance	NOUN
abrj-353	137	5	lowers	lower	VERB
abrj-353	137	6	borrowing	borrow	VERB
abrj-353	137	7	risks	risk	NOUN
abrj-353	137	8	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	137	9	reducing	reduce	VERB
abrj-353	137	10	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	137	11	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	137	12	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	137	13	alleviating	alleviate	VERB
abrj-353	137	14	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	137	15	strain	strain	NOUN
abrj-353	137	16	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	137	17	imf	imf	PROPN
abrj-353	137	18	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	137	19	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	137	20	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	137	21	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	138	1	however	however	ADV
abrj-353	138	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	138	3	institutional	institutional	ADJ
abrj-353	138	4	theory	theory	NOUN
abrj-353	138	5	has	have	AUX
abrj-353	138	6	been	be	AUX
abrj-353	138	7	critiqued	critique	VERB
abrj-353	138	8	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	138	9	its	its	PRON
abrj-353	138	10	static	static	ADJ
abrj-353	138	11	framework	framework	NOUN
abrj-353	138	12	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	138	13	overemphasis	overemphasis	NOUN
abrj-353	138	14	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	138	15	formal	formal	ADJ
abrj-353	138	16	structures	structure	NOUN
abrj-353	138	17	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	138	18	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	138	19	limited	limited	ADJ
abrj-353	138	20	focus	focus	NOUN
abrj-353	138	21	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	138	22	micro	micro	ADJ
abrj-353	138	23	-	-	NOUN
abrj-353	138	24	level	level	ADJ
abrj-353	138	25	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
abrj-353	138	26	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	138	27	adesina	adesina	PROPN
abrj-353	138	28	&	&	CCONJ
abrj-353	138	29	okafor	okafor	PROPN
abrj-353	138	30	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	138	31	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	138	32	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	138	33	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	139	1	despite	despite	SCONJ
abrj-353	139	2	these	these	DET
abrj-353	139	3	criticisms	criticism	NOUN
abrj-353	139	4	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	139	5	its	its	PRON
abrj-353	139	6	relevance	relevance	NOUN
abrj-353	139	7	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	139	8	macroeconomic	macroeconomic	ADJ
abrj-353	139	9	determinants	determinant	NOUN
abrj-353	139	10	underscores	underscore	VERB
abrj-353	139	11	the	the	DET
abrj-353	139	12	importance	importance	NOUN
abrj-353	139	13	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	139	14	institutional	institutional	ADJ
abrj-353	139	15	reforms	reform	NOUN
abrj-353	139	16	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	139	17	promoting	promote	VERB
abrj-353	139	18	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	139	19	sustainability	sustainability	NOUN
abrj-353	139	20	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	139	21	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	139	22	growth	growth	NOUN
abrj-353	139	23	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	139	24	north	north	NOUN
abrj-353	139	25	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	139	26	1990	1990	NUM
abrj-353	139	27	;	;	PUNCT
abrj-353	139	28	world	world	NOUN
abrj-353	139	29	bank	bank	PROPN
abrj-353	139	30	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	139	31	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	139	32	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	139	33	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	140	1	2.3	2.3	NUM
abrj-353	140	2	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	141	1	empirical	empirical	ADJ
abrj-353	141	2	review	review	PROPN
abrj-353	141	3	2.3.1	2.3.1	NUM
abrj-353	141	4	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	142	1	foreign	foreign	ADJ
abrj-353	142	2	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	142	3	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	142	4	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	142	5	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	142	6	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	142	7	the	the	DET
abrj-353	142	8	world	world	PROPN
abrj-353	142	9	bank	bank	PROPN
abrj-353	142	10	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	142	11	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	142	12	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	142	13	employed	employ	VERB
abrj-353	142	14	a	a	DET
abrj-353	142	15	mixed	mix	VERB
abrj-353	142	16	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	142	17	method	method	NOUN
abrj-353	142	18	approach	approach	NOUN
abrj-353	142	19	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	142	20	combining	combine	VERB
abrj-353	142	21	macroeconomic	macroeconomic	ADJ
abrj-353	142	22	data	datum	NOUN
abrj-353	142	23	from	from	ADP
abrj-353	142	24	50	50	NUM
abrj-353	142	25	developing	develop	VERB
abrj-353	142	26	economies	economy	NOUN
abrj-353	142	27	with	with	ADP
abrj-353	142	28	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
abrj-353	142	29	case	case	NOUN
abrj-353	142	30	studies	study	NOUN
abrj-353	142	31	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	142	32	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	142	33	applied	apply	VERB
abrj-353	142	34	fixed	fix	VERB
abrj-353	142	35	effects	effect	NOUN
abrj-353	142	36	regression	regression	NOUN
abrj-353	142	37	models	model	NOUN
abrj-353	142	38	to	to	PART
abrj-353	142	39	examine	examine	VERB
abrj-353	142	40	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	142	41	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	142	42	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	142	43	sub	sub	ADJ
abrj-353	142	44	-	-	ADJ
abrj-353	142	45	sahara	sahara	ADJ
abrj-353	142	46	africa	africa	PROPN
abrj-353	142	47	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	143	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	143	2	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	143	3	found	find	VERB
abrj-353	143	4	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	143	5	overvalued	overvalue	VERB
abrj-353	143	6	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	143	7	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	143	8	inflated	inflate	VERB
abrj-353	143	9	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	143	10	deficits	deficit	NOUN
abrj-353	143	11	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	143	12	raising	raise	VERB
abrj-353	143	13	the	the	DET
abrj-353	143	14	costs	cost	NOUN
abrj-353	143	15	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	143	16	imports	import	NOUN
abrj-353	143	17	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	143	18	external	external	ADJ
abrj-353	143	19	borrowings	borrowing	NOUN
abrj-353	143	20	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	143	21	thereby	thereby	ADV
abrj-353	143	22	complicating	complicate	VERB
abrj-353	143	23	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	143	24	execution	execution	NOUN
abrj-353	143	25	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	144	1	conversely	conversely	ADV
abrj-353	144	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	144	3	undervalued	undervalued	ADJ
abrj-353	144	4	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	144	5	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	144	6	disrupted	disrupt	VERB
abrj-353	144	7	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
abrj-353	144	8	projects	project	NOUN
abrj-353	144	9	due	due	ADJ
abrj-353	144	10	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	144	11	reduced	reduce	VERB
abrj-353	144	12	purchasing	purchasing	NOUN
abrj-353	144	13	power	power	NOUN
abrj-353	144	14	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	144	15	capital	capital	NOUN
abrj-353	144	16	imports	import	NOUN
abrj-353	144	17	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	145	1	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	145	2	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	145	3	reforms	reform	NOUN
abrj-353	145	4	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	145	5	particularly	particularly	ADV
abrj-353	145	6	market	market	NOUN
abrj-353	145	7	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	145	8	determined	determine	VERB
abrj-353	145	9	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	145	10	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	145	11	were	be	AUX
abrj-353	145	12	identified	identify	VERB
abrj-353	145	13	as	as	ADP
abrj-353	145	14	essential	essential	ADJ
abrj-353	145	15	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	145	16	achieving	achieve	VERB
abrj-353	145	17	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	145	18	stability	stability	NOUN
abrj-353	145	19	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	145	20	improving	improve	VERB
abrj-353	145	21	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	145	22	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
abrj-353	145	23	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	146	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	146	2	oecd	oecd	PROPN
abrj-353	146	3	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	146	4	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	146	5	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	146	6	applied	apply	VERB
abrj-353	146	7	cross	cross	ADJ
abrj-353	146	8	-	-	ADJ
abrj-353	146	9	sectional	sectional	ADJ
abrj-353	146	10	analysis	analysis	NOUN
abrj-353	146	11	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	146	12	structural	structural	ADJ
abrj-353	146	13	equation	equation	NOUN
abrj-353	146	14	modeling	modeling	NOUN
abrj-353	146	15	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	146	16	sem	sem	NOUN
abrj-353	146	17	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	146	18	to	to	PART
abrj-353	146	19	assess	assess	VERB
abrj-353	146	20	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	146	21	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	146	22	impacts	impact	NOUN
abrj-353	146	23	among	among	ADP
abrj-353	146	24	its	its	PRON
abrj-353	146	25	member	member	NOUN
abrj-353	146	26	countries	country	NOUN
abrj-353	146	27	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	147	1	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	147	2	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	147	3	volatility	volatility	NOUN
abrj-353	147	4	was	be	AUX
abrj-353	147	5	found	find	VERB
abrj-353	147	6	to	to	PART
abrj-353	147	7	disrupt	disrupt	VERB
abrj-353	147	8	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	147	9	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	147	10	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	147	11	inflating	inflate	VERB
abrj-353	147	12	costs	cost	NOUN
abrj-353	147	13	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	147	14	foreign	foreign	ADJ
abrj-353	147	15	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	147	16	denominated	denominate	VERB
abrj-353	147	17	debt	debt	NOUN
abrj-353	147	18	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	147	19	procurement	procurement	NOUN
abrj-353	147	20	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	148	1	stable	stable	ADJ
abrj-353	148	2	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	148	3	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	148	4	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	148	5	supported	support	VERB
abrj-353	148	6	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	148	7	coordinated	coordinate	VERB
abrj-353	148	8	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	148	9	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	148	10	monetary	monetary	ADJ
abrj-353	148	11	policies	policy	NOUN
abrj-353	148	12	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	148	13	enhanced	enhance	VERB
abrj-353	148	14	debt	debt	NOUN
abrj-353	148	15	sustainability	sustainability	NOUN
abrj-353	148	16	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	148	17	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	148	18	planning	planning	NOUN
abrj-353	148	19	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	149	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	149	2	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	149	3	emphasized	emphasize	VERB
abrj-353	149	4	aligning	align	VERB
abrj-353	149	5	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	149	6	frameworks	framework	NOUN
abrj-353	149	7	with	with	ADP
abrj-353	149	8	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	149	9	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	149	10	policies	policy	NOUN
abrj-353	149	11	to	to	PART
abrj-353	149	12	strengthen	strengthen	VERB
abrj-353	149	13	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	149	14	execution	execution	NOUN
abrj-353	149	15	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	149	16	long	long	ADJ
abrj-353	149	17	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	149	18	term	term	NOUN
abrj-353	149	19	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	149	20	stability	stability	NOUN
abrj-353	149	21	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	150	1	ahmed	ahmed	PROPN
abrj-353	150	2	et	et	PROPN
abrj-353	150	3	al	al	PROPN
abrj-353	150	4	.	.	PROPN
abrj-353	151	1	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	151	2	2022	2022	NUM
abrj-353	151	3	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	151	4	analyzed	analyze	VERB
abrj-353	151	5	data	datum	NOUN
abrj-353	151	6	from	from	ADP
abrj-353	151	7	2010	2010	NUM
abrj-353	151	8	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	151	9	2021	2021	NUM
abrj-353	151	10	using	use	VERB
abrj-353	151	11	regression	regression	NOUN
abrj-353	151	12	analysis	analysis	NOUN
abrj-353	151	13	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	151	14	granger	granger	NOUN
abrj-353	151	15	causality	causality	NOUN
abrj-353	151	16	tests	test	VERB
abrj-353	151	17	to	to	PART
abrj-353	151	18	assess	assess	VERB
abrj-353	151	19	the	the	DET
abrj-353	151	20	impact	impact	NOUN
abrj-353	151	21	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	151	22	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	151	23	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	151	24	fluctuations	fluctuation	NOUN
abrj-353	151	25	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	151	26	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	151	27	’s	’s	PART
abrj-353	151	28	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	151	29	performance	performance	NOUN
abrj-353	151	30	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	152	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	152	2	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	152	3	found	find	VERB
abrj-353	152	4	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	152	5	naira	naira	NUM
abrj-353	152	6	depreciation	depreciation	NOUN
abrj-353	152	7	led	lead	VERB
abrj-353	152	8	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	152	9	a	a	DET
abrj-353	152	10	25	25	NUM
abrj-353	152	11	%	%	NOUN
abrj-353	152	12	increase	increase	NOUN
abrj-353	152	13	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	152	14	debt	debt	NOUN
abrj-353	152	15	servicing	servicing	NOUN
abrj-353	152	16	costs	cost	NOUN
abrj-353	152	17	between	between	ADP
abrj-353	152	18	2020	2020	NUM
abrj-353	152	19	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	152	20	2022	2022	NUM
abrj-353	152	21	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	152	22	resulting	result	VERB
abrj-353	152	23	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	152	24	significant	significant	ADJ
abrj-353	152	25	budgetary	budgetary	ADJ
abrj-353	152	26	shortfalls	shortfall	NOUN
abrj-353	152	27	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	153	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	153	2	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	153	3	emphasized	emphasize	VERB
abrj-353	153	4	the	the	DET
abrj-353	153	5	need	need	NOUN
abrj-353	153	6	to	to	PART
abrj-353	153	7	diversify	diversify	VERB
abrj-353	153	8	government	government	NOUN
abrj-353	153	9	revenue	revenue	NOUN
abrj-353	153	10	sources	source	NOUN
abrj-353	153	11	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	153	12	strengthen	strengthen	VERB
abrj-353	153	13	foreign	foreign	ADJ
abrj-353	153	14	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	153	15	reserves	reserve	NOUN
abrj-353	153	16	to	to	PART
abrj-353	153	17	mitigate	mitigate	VERB
abrj-353	153	18	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	153	19	vulnerabilities	vulnerability	NOUN
abrj-353	153	20	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	153	21	ensure	ensure	VERB
abrj-353	153	22	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
abrj-353	153	23	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	153	24	management	management	NOUN
abrj-353	153	25	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	154	1	collectively	collectively	ADV
abrj-353	154	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	154	3	the	the	DET
abrj-353	154	4	reviewed	review	VERB
abrj-353	154	5	studies	study	NOUN
abrj-353	154	6	highlight	highlight	VERB
abrj-353	154	7	the	the	DET
abrj-353	154	8	critical	critical	ADJ
abrj-353	154	9	role	role	NOUN
abrj-353	154	10	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	154	11	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	154	12	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	154	13	stability	stability	NOUN
abrj-353	154	14	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	154	15	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	154	16	sustainability	sustainability	NOUN
abrj-353	154	17	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	154	18	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	154	19	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	154	20	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	155	1	globally	globally	ADV
abrj-353	155	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	155	3	foreign	foreign	ADJ
abrj-353	155	4	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	155	5	volatility	volatility	NOUN
abrj-353	155	6	disrupts	disrupt	VERB
abrj-353	155	7	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	155	8	execution	execution	NOUN
abrj-353	155	9	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	155	10	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	155	11	hampers	hamper	VERB
abrj-353	155	12	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
abrj-353	155	13	projects	project	NOUN
abrj-353	155	14	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	156	1	this	this	DET
abrj-353	156	2	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	156	3	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	156	4	therefore	therefore	ADV
abrj-353	156	5	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	156	6	hypothesizes	hypothesize	VERB
abrj-353	156	7	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	156	8	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	156	9	h01	h01	NOUN
abrj-353	156	10	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	156	11	foreign	foreign	ADJ
abrj-353	156	12	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	156	13	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	156	14	has	have	VERB
abrj-353	156	15	no	no	DET
abrj-353	156	16	significant	significant	ADJ
abrj-353	156	17	influence	influence	NOUN
abrj-353	156	18	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	156	19	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	156	20	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	156	21	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	156	22	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	156	23	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	157	1	asian	asian	PROPN
abrj-353	157	2	business	business	PROPN
abrj-353	157	3	research	research	NOUN
abrj-353	157	4	journal	journal	NOUN
abrj-353	157	5	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	157	6	2025	2025	NUM
abrj-353	157	7	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	157	8	10(4	10(4	NUM
abrj-353	157	9	):	):	PUNCT
abrj-353	157	10	7	7	NUM
abrj-353	157	11	-	-	SYM
abrj-353	157	12	19	19	NUM
abrj-353	157	13	11	11	NUM
abrj-353	157	14	©	©	ADP
abrj-353	157	15	2025	2025	NUM
abrj-353	157	16	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	157	17	the	the	DET
abrj-353	157	18	authors	author	NOUN
abrj-353	157	19	;	;	PUNCT
abrj-353	157	20	licensee	licensee	NOUN
abrj-353	157	21	eastern	eastern	ADJ
abrj-353	157	22	centre	centre	NOUN
abrj-353	157	23	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	157	24	science	science	NOUN
abrj-353	157	25	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	157	26	education	education	NOUN
abrj-353	157	27	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	157	28	usa	usa	PROPN
abrj-353	157	29	2.3.2	2.3.2	NUM
abrj-353	157	30	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	158	1	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	158	2	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	158	3	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	158	4	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	158	5	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	158	6	the	the	DET
abrj-353	158	7	imf	imf	PROPN
abrj-353	158	8	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	158	9	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	158	10	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	158	11	conducted	conduct	VERB
abrj-353	158	12	a	a	DET
abrj-353	158	13	time	time	NOUN
abrj-353	158	14	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	158	15	series	series	NOUN
abrj-353	158	16	analysis	analysis	NOUN
abrj-353	158	17	using	use	VERB
abrj-353	158	18	panel	panel	NOUN
abrj-353	158	19	data	datum	NOUN
abrj-353	158	20	econometrics	econometric	NOUN
abrj-353	158	21	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	158	22	focusing	focus	VERB
abrj-353	158	23	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	158	24	50	50	NUM
abrj-353	158	25	emerging	emerge	VERB
abrj-353	158	26	markets	market	NOUN
abrj-353	158	27	from	from	ADP
abrj-353	158	28	1990	1990	NUM
abrj-353	158	29	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	158	30	2022	2022	NUM
abrj-353	158	31	to	to	PART
abrj-353	158	32	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
abrj-353	158	33	macroeconomic	macroeconomic	ADJ
abrj-353	158	34	stability	stability	NOUN
abrj-353	158	35	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	158	36	the	the	DET
abrj-353	158	37	face	face	NOUN
abrj-353	158	38	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	158	39	inflationary	inflationary	ADJ
abrj-353	158	40	shocks	shock	NOUN
abrj-353	158	41	with	with	ADP
abrj-353	158	42	insights	insight	NOUN
abrj-353	158	43	from	from	ADP
abrj-353	158	44	emerging	emerge	VERB
abrj-353	158	45	markets	market	NOUN
abrj-353	158	46	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	159	1	data	datum	NOUN
abrj-353	159	2	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	159	3	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	159	4	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	159	5	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	159	6	budgetary	budgetary	ADJ
abrj-353	159	7	performance	performance	NOUN
abrj-353	159	8	reports	report	NOUN
abrj-353	159	9	were	be	AUX
abrj-353	159	10	sourced	source	VERB
abrj-353	159	11	from	from	ADP
abrj-353	159	12	the	the	DET
abrj-353	159	13	imf	imf	PROPN
abrj-353	159	14	world	world	PROPN
abrj-353	159	15	economic	economic	PROPN
abrj-353	159	16	outlook	outlook	NOUN
abrj-353	159	17	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	159	18	country	country	NOUN
abrj-353	159	19	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	159	20	specific	specific	ADJ
abrj-353	159	21	financial	financial	ADJ
abrj-353	159	22	records	record	NOUN
abrj-353	159	23	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	160	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	160	2	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	160	3	found	find	VERB
abrj-353	160	4	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	160	5	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	160	6	volatility	volatility	NOUN
abrj-353	160	7	disrupted	disrupt	VERB
abrj-353	160	8	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	160	9	planning	planning	NOUN
abrj-353	160	10	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	160	11	leading	lead	VERB
abrj-353	160	12	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	160	13	frequent	frequent	ADJ
abrj-353	160	14	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	160	15	revisions	revision	NOUN
abrj-353	160	16	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	160	17	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	160	18	delays	delay	NOUN
abrj-353	160	19	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	161	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	161	2	findings	finding	NOUN
abrj-353	161	3	emphasized	emphasize	VERB
abrj-353	161	4	the	the	DET
abrj-353	161	5	importance	importance	NOUN
abrj-353	161	6	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	161	7	effective	effective	ADJ
abrj-353	161	8	monetary	monetary	ADJ
abrj-353	161	9	policy	policy	NOUN
abrj-353	161	10	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	161	11	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	161	12	targeting	target	VERB
abrj-353	161	13	to	to	PART
abrj-353	161	14	stabilize	stabilize	VERB
abrj-353	161	15	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	161	16	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
abrj-353	161	17	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	162	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	162	2	world	world	PROPN
abrj-353	162	3	bank	bank	PROPN
abrj-353	162	4	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	162	5	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	162	6	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	162	7	employed	employ	VERB
abrj-353	162	8	a	a	DET
abrj-353	162	9	comparative	comparative	ADJ
abrj-353	162	10	analysis	analysis	NOUN
abrj-353	162	11	methodology	methodology	NOUN
abrj-353	162	12	to	to	PART
abrj-353	162	13	assess	assess	VERB
abrj-353	162	14	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	162	15	’s	’s	PART
abrj-353	162	16	impact	impact	NOUN
abrj-353	162	17	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	162	18	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	162	19	stability	stability	NOUN
abrj-353	162	20	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	162	21	25	25	NUM
abrj-353	162	22	low	low	ADJ
abrj-353	162	23	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	162	24	income	income	NOUN
abrj-353	162	25	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	162	26	30	30	NUM
abrj-353	162	27	middle	middle	ADJ
abrj-353	162	28	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	162	29	income	income	NOUN
abrj-353	162	30	countries	country	NOUN
abrj-353	162	31	between	between	ADP
abrj-353	162	32	2000	2000	NUM
abrj-353	162	33	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	162	34	2022	2022	NUM
abrj-353	162	35	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	163	1	data	datum	NOUN
abrj-353	163	2	included	include	VERB
abrj-353	163	3	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	163	4	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	163	5	reports	report	NOUN
abrj-353	163	6	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	163	7	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	163	8	trends	trend	NOUN
abrj-353	163	9	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	163	10	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	163	11	debt	debt	NOUN
abrj-353	163	12	profiles	profile	NOUN
abrj-353	163	13	from	from	ADP
abrj-353	163	14	the	the	DET
abrj-353	163	15	world	world	NOUN
abrj-353	163	16	bank	bank	NOUN
abrj-353	163	17	database	database	NOUN
abrj-353	163	18	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	163	19	national	national	ADJ
abrj-353	163	20	statistics	statistic	NOUN
abrj-353	163	21	agencies	agency	NOUN
abrj-353	163	22	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	164	1	persistent	persistent	ADJ
abrj-353	164	2	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	164	3	was	be	AUX
abrj-353	164	4	found	find	VERB
abrj-353	164	5	to	to	PART
abrj-353	164	6	undermine	undermine	VERB
abrj-353	164	7	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	164	8	execution	execution	NOUN
abrj-353	164	9	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	164	10	increasing	increase	VERB
abrj-353	164	11	government	government	NOUN
abrj-353	164	12	procurement	procurement	NOUN
abrj-353	164	13	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	164	14	capital	capital	NOUN
abrj-353	164	15	project	project	NOUN
abrj-353	164	16	costs	cost	NOUN
abrj-353	164	17	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	165	1	countries	country	NOUN
abrj-353	165	2	with	with	ADP
abrj-353	165	3	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	165	4	exceeding	exceed	VERB
abrj-353	165	5	10	10	NUM
abrj-353	165	6	%	%	NOUN
abrj-353	165	7	experienced	experience	VERB
abrj-353	165	8	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	165	9	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	165	10	average	average	ADJ
abrj-353	165	11	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	166	1	studying	study	VERB
abrj-353	166	2	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	166	3	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	166	4	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	166	5	management	management	NOUN
abrj-353	166	6	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	166	7	the	the	DET
abrj-353	166	8	oecd	oecd	PROPN
abrj-353	166	9	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	166	10	2022	2022	NUM
abrj-353	166	11	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	166	12	used	use	VERB
abrj-353	166	13	panel	panel	NOUN
abrj-353	166	14	regression	regression	VERB
abrj-353	166	15	analysis	analysis	NOUN
abrj-353	166	16	to	to	PART
abrj-353	166	17	study	study	VERB
abrj-353	166	18	37	37	NUM
abrj-353	166	19	member	member	NOUN
abrj-353	166	20	countries	country	NOUN
abrj-353	166	21	from	from	ADP
abrj-353	166	22	1995	1995	NUM
abrj-353	166	23	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	166	24	2021	2021	NUM
abrj-353	166	25	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	167	1	data	datum	NOUN
abrj-353	167	2	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	167	3	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	167	4	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	167	5	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	167	6	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	167	7	deficit	deficit	NOUN
abrj-353	167	8	statistics	statistic	NOUN
abrj-353	167	9	were	be	AUX
abrj-353	167	10	obtained	obtain	VERB
abrj-353	167	11	from	from	ADP
abrj-353	167	12	the	the	DET
abrj-353	167	13	oecd	oecd	PROPN
abrj-353	167	14	database	database	NOUN
abrj-353	167	15	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	168	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	168	2	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	168	3	revealed	reveal	VERB
abrj-353	168	4	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	168	5	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	168	6	exacerbates	exacerbate	VERB
abrj-353	168	7	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	168	8	strain	strain	NOUN
abrj-353	168	9	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	168	10	raising	raise	VERB
abrj-353	168	11	borrowing	borrowing	NOUN
abrj-353	168	12	costs	cost	NOUN
abrj-353	168	13	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	168	14	reducing	reduce	VERB
abrj-353	168	15	the	the	DET
abrj-353	168	16	real	real	ADJ
abrj-353	168	17	value	value	NOUN
abrj-353	168	18	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	168	19	government	government	NOUN
abrj-353	168	20	revenue	revenue	NOUN
abrj-353	168	21	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	169	1	stable	stable	ADJ
abrj-353	169	2	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	169	3	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	169	4	below	below	ADP
abrj-353	169	5	2	2	NUM
abrj-353	169	6	%	%	NOUN
abrj-353	169	7	supported	support	VERB
abrj-353	169	8	efficient	efficient	ADJ
abrj-353	169	9	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	169	10	execution	execution	NOUN
abrj-353	169	11	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	170	1	coordinated	coordinate	VERB
abrj-353	170	2	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	170	3	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	170	4	monetary	monetary	ADJ
abrj-353	170	5	policies	policy	NOUN
abrj-353	170	6	were	be	AUX
abrj-353	170	7	identified	identify	VERB
abrj-353	170	8	as	as	ADP
abrj-353	170	9	effective	effective	ADJ
abrj-353	170	10	measures	measure	NOUN
abrj-353	170	11	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	170	12	enhancing	enhance	VERB
abrj-353	170	13	resilience	resilience	NOUN
abrj-353	170	14	against	against	ADP
abrj-353	170	15	inflationary	inflationary	ADJ
abrj-353	170	16	shocks	shock	NOUN
abrj-353	170	17	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	170	18	improving	improve	VERB
abrj-353	170	19	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	170	20	performance	performance	NOUN
abrj-353	170	21	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	171	1	adler	adler	PROPN
abrj-353	171	2	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	171	3	schwartz	schwartz	PROPN
abrj-353	171	4	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	171	5	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	171	6	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	171	7	conducted	conduct	VERB
abrj-353	171	8	an	an	DET
abrj-353	171	9	econometric	econometric	ADJ
abrj-353	171	10	analysis	analysis	NOUN
abrj-353	171	11	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	171	12	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	171	13	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	171	14	volatility	volatility	NOUN
abrj-353	171	15	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	171	16	latin	latin	ADJ
abrj-353	171	17	using	use	VERB
abrj-353	171	18	the	the	DET
abrj-353	171	19	generalized	generalized	ADJ
abrj-353	171	20	method	method	NOUN
abrj-353	171	21	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	171	22	moments	moment	NOUN
abrj-353	171	23	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	171	24	gmm	gmm	NOUN
abrj-353	171	25	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	171	26	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	171	27	45	45	NUM
abrj-353	171	28	developing	develop	VERB
abrj-353	171	29	economies	economy	NOUN
abrj-353	171	30	from	from	ADP
abrj-353	171	31	1990	1990	NUM
abrj-353	171	32	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	171	33	2022	2022	NUM
abrj-353	171	34	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	172	1	data	datum	NOUN
abrj-353	172	2	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	172	3	annual	annual	ADJ
abrj-353	172	4	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	172	5	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	172	6	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	172	7	government	government	NOUN
abrj-353	172	8	expenditure	expenditure	NOUN
abrj-353	172	9	reports	report	NOUN
abrj-353	172	10	were	be	AUX
abrj-353	172	11	sourced	source	VERB
abrj-353	172	12	from	from	ADP
abrj-353	172	13	the	the	DET
abrj-353	172	14	world	world	NOUN
abrj-353	172	15	development	development	NOUN
abrj-353	172	16	indicators	indicator	NOUN
abrj-353	172	17	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	173	1	findings	finding	NOUN
abrj-353	173	2	indicated	indicate	VERB
abrj-353	173	3	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	173	4	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	173	5	above	above	ADP
abrj-353	173	6	12	12	NUM
abrj-353	173	7	%	%	NOUN
abrj-353	173	8	significantly	significantly	ADV
abrj-353	173	9	impaired	impair	VERB
abrj-353	173	10	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	173	11	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	173	12	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	173	13	particularly	particularly	ADV
abrj-353	173	14	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	173	15	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
abrj-353	173	16	projects	project	NOUN
abrj-353	173	17	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	174	1	adesina	adesina	NOUN
abrj-353	174	2	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	174	3	bello	bello	PROPN
abrj-353	174	4	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	174	5	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	174	6	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	174	7	used	use	VERB
abrj-353	174	8	descriptive	descriptive	ADJ
abrj-353	174	9	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	174	10	inferential	inferential	ADJ
abrj-353	174	11	analysis	analysis	NOUN
abrj-353	174	12	with	with	ADP
abrj-353	174	13	ordinary	ordinary	ADJ
abrj-353	174	14	least	least	ADJ
abrj-353	174	15	squares	square	NOUN
abrj-353	174	16	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	174	17	ols	ol	NOUN
abrj-353	174	18	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	174	19	regression	regression	NOUN
abrj-353	174	20	to	to	PART
abrj-353	174	21	examine	examine	VERB
abrj-353	174	22	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	174	23	’s	’s	PART
abrj-353	174	24	annual	annual	ADJ
abrj-353	174	25	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	174	26	performance	performance	NOUN
abrj-353	174	27	from	from	ADP
abrj-353	174	28	2000	2000	NUM
abrj-353	174	29	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	174	30	2022	2022	NUM
abrj-353	174	31	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	175	1	data	datum	NOUN
abrj-353	175	2	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	175	3	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	175	4	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	175	5	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	175	6	government	government	NOUN
abrj-353	175	7	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	175	8	execution	execution	NOUN
abrj-353	175	9	reports	report	NOUN
abrj-353	175	10	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	175	11	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	175	12	debt	debt	NOUN
abrj-353	175	13	servicing	servicing	NOUN
abrj-353	175	14	costs	cost	NOUN
abrj-353	175	15	were	be	AUX
abrj-353	175	16	obtained	obtain	VERB
abrj-353	175	17	from	from	ADP
abrj-353	175	18	the	the	DET
abrj-353	175	19	central	central	ADJ
abrj-353	175	20	bank	bank	PROPN
abrj-353	175	21	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	175	22	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	175	23	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	175	24	cbn	cbn	PROPN
abrj-353	175	25	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	175	26	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	175	27	the	the	DET
abrj-353	175	28	debt	debt	NOUN
abrj-353	175	29	management	management	NOUN
abrj-353	175	30	office	office	NOUN
abrj-353	175	31	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	175	32	dmo	dmo	PROPN
abrj-353	175	33	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	175	34	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	176	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	176	2	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	176	3	found	find	VERB
abrj-353	176	4	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	176	5	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	176	6	exceeding	exceed	VERB
abrj-353	176	7	15	15	NUM
abrj-353	176	8	%	%	NOUN
abrj-353	176	9	increased	increase	VERB
abrj-353	176	10	the	the	DET
abrj-353	176	11	cost	cost	NOUN
abrj-353	176	12	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	176	13	capital	capital	NOUN
abrj-353	176	14	projects	project	NOUN
abrj-353	176	15	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	176	16	over	over	ADP
abrj-353	176	17	25	25	NUM
abrj-353	176	18	%	%	NOUN
abrj-353	176	19	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	176	20	disrupting	disrupt	VERB
abrj-353	176	21	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	176	22	execution	execution	NOUN
abrj-353	176	23	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	177	1	studying	study	VERB
abrj-353	177	2	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	177	3	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	177	4	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	177	5	sustainability	sustainability	NOUN
abrj-353	177	6	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	177	7	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	177	8	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	177	9	ahmed	ahmed	PROPN
abrj-353	177	10	et	et	PROPN
abrj-353	177	11	al	al	PROPN
abrj-353	177	12	.	.	PROPN
abrj-353	178	1	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	178	2	2022	2022	NUM
abrj-353	178	3	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	178	4	performed	perform	VERB
abrj-353	178	5	panel	panel	NOUN
abrj-353	178	6	data	datum	NOUN
abrj-353	178	7	analysis	analysis	NOUN
abrj-353	178	8	incorporating	incorporate	VERB
abrj-353	178	9	structural	structural	ADJ
abrj-353	178	10	breaks	break	NOUN
abrj-353	178	11	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	178	12	focusing	focus	VERB
abrj-353	178	13	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	178	14	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	178	15	data	datum	NOUN
abrj-353	178	16	from	from	ADP
abrj-353	178	17	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	178	18	’s	’s	PART
abrj-353	178	19	federal	federal	ADJ
abrj-353	178	20	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	178	21	state	state	NOUN
abrj-353	178	22	governments	government	NOUN
abrj-353	178	23	between	between	ADP
abrj-353	178	24	2000	2000	NUM
abrj-353	178	25	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	178	26	2021	2021	NUM
abrj-353	178	27	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	179	1	data	datum	NOUN
abrj-353	179	2	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	179	3	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	179	4	trends	trend	NOUN
abrj-353	179	5	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	179	6	public	public	ADJ
abrj-353	179	7	expenditure	expenditure	NOUN
abrj-353	179	8	reports	report	NOUN
abrj-353	179	9	were	be	AUX
abrj-353	179	10	collected	collect	VERB
abrj-353	179	11	from	from	ADP
abrj-353	179	12	the	the	DET
abrj-353	179	13	nigerian	nigerian	ADJ
abrj-353	179	14	bureau	bureau	NOUN
abrj-353	179	15	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	179	16	statistics	statistic	NOUN
abrj-353	179	17	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	179	18	nbs	nbs	PROPN
abrj-353	179	19	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	179	20	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	179	21	the	the	DET
abrj-353	179	22	cbn	cbn	PROPN
abrj-353	179	23	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	180	1	persistent	persistent	ADJ
abrj-353	180	2	double	double	ADJ
abrj-353	180	3	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	180	4	digit	digit	NOUN
abrj-353	180	5	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	180	6	caused	cause	VERB
abrj-353	180	7	significant	significant	ADJ
abrj-353	180	8	budgetary	budgetary	ADJ
abrj-353	180	9	shortfalls	shortfall	NOUN
abrj-353	180	10	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	180	11	delayed	delay	VERB
abrj-353	180	12	project	project	NOUN
abrj-353	180	13	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	180	14	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	181	1	however	however	ADV
abrj-353	181	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	181	3	global	global	ADJ
abrj-353	181	4	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	181	5	nigerian	nigerian	ADJ
abrj-353	181	6	empirical	empirical	ADJ
abrj-353	181	7	studies	study	NOUN
abrj-353	181	8	consistently	consistently	ADV
abrj-353	181	9	show	show	VERB
abrj-353	181	10	high	high	ADJ
abrj-353	181	11	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	181	12	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	181	13	adversely	adversely	ADV
abrj-353	181	14	impact	impact	VERB
abrj-353	181	15	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	181	16	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	181	17	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	182	1	globally	globally	ADV
abrj-353	182	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	182	3	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	182	4	raises	raise	VERB
abrj-353	182	5	procurement	procurement	NOUN
abrj-353	182	6	costs	cost	NOUN
abrj-353	182	7	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	182	8	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	182	9	disrupts	disrupt	VERB
abrj-353	182	10	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	182	11	planning	planning	NOUN
abrj-353	182	12	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	182	13	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	182	14	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	182	15	execution	execution	NOUN
abrj-353	182	16	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	183	1	this	this	DET
abrj-353	183	2	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	183	3	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	183	4	therefore	therefore	ADV
abrj-353	183	5	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	183	6	hypothesizes	hypothesize	VERB
abrj-353	183	7	as	as	SCONJ
abrj-353	183	8	follows	follow	VERB
abrj-353	183	9	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	183	10	h02	h02	NOUN
abrj-353	183	11	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	183	12	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	183	13	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	183	14	has	have	VERB
abrj-353	183	15	no	no	DET
abrj-353	183	16	significant	significant	ADJ
abrj-353	183	17	influence	influence	NOUN
abrj-353	183	18	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	183	19	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	183	20	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	183	21	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	183	22	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	183	23	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	184	1	2.3.3	2.3.3	NUM
abrj-353	184	2	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	184	3	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	184	4	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	184	5	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	184	6	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	184	7	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	184	8	the	the	DET
abrj-353	184	9	imf	imf	PROPN
abrj-353	184	10	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	184	11	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	184	12	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	184	13	conducted	conduct	VERB
abrj-353	184	14	a	a	DET
abrj-353	184	15	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
abrj-353	184	16	analysis	analysis	NOUN
abrj-353	184	17	using	use	VERB
abrj-353	184	18	panel	panel	NOUN
abrj-353	184	19	data	datum	NOUN
abrj-353	184	20	regression	regression	NOUN
abrj-353	184	21	to	to	PART
abrj-353	184	22	examine	examine	VERB
abrj-353	184	23	the	the	DET
abrj-353	184	24	impact	impact	NOUN
abrj-353	184	25	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	184	26	rising	rise	VERB
abrj-353	184	27	global	global	ADJ
abrj-353	184	28	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	184	29	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	184	30	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	184	31	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	184	32	stability	stability	NOUN
abrj-353	184	33	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	184	34	50	50	NUM
abrj-353	184	35	emerging	emerge	VERB
abrj-353	184	36	markets	market	NOUN
abrj-353	184	37	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	185	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	185	2	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	185	3	analyzed	analyze	VERB
abrj-353	185	4	annual	annual	ADJ
abrj-353	185	5	data	datum	NOUN
abrj-353	185	6	from	from	ADP
abrj-353	185	7	2000	2000	NUM
abrj-353	185	8	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	185	9	2022	2022	NUM
abrj-353	185	10	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	185	11	focusing	focus	VERB
abrj-353	185	12	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	185	13	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	185	14	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	185	15	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	185	16	budgetary	budgetary	ADJ
abrj-353	185	17	allocations	allocation	NOUN
abrj-353	185	18	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	186	1	it	it	PRON
abrj-353	186	2	was	be	AUX
abrj-353	186	3	found	find	VERB
abrj-353	186	4	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	186	5	higher	high	ADJ
abrj-353	186	6	global	global	ADJ
abrj-353	186	7	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	186	8	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	186	9	significantly	significantly	ADV
abrj-353	186	10	increase	increase	VERB
abrj-353	186	11	debt	debt	NOUN
abrj-353	186	12	servicing	servicing	NOUN
abrj-353	186	13	costs	cost	NOUN
abrj-353	186	14	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	186	15	particularly	particularly	ADV
abrj-353	186	16	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	186	17	countries	country	NOUN
abrj-353	186	18	reliant	reliant	ADJ
abrj-353	186	19	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	186	20	variable	variable	ADJ
abrj-353	186	21	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	186	22	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	186	23	external	external	ADJ
abrj-353	186	24	debt	debt	NOUN
abrj-353	186	25	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	187	1	this	this	DET
abrj-353	187	2	rise	rise	NOUN
abrj-353	187	3	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	187	4	costs	cost	NOUN
abrj-353	187	5	reduces	reduce	VERB
abrj-353	187	6	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	187	7	space	space	NOUN
abrj-353	187	8	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	187	9	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	187	10	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	187	11	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	188	1	however	however	ADV
abrj-353	188	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	188	3	countries	country	NOUN
abrj-353	188	4	with	with	ADP
abrj-353	188	5	stronger	strong	ADJ
abrj-353	188	6	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	188	7	frameworks	framework	NOUN
abrj-353	188	8	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	188	9	diversified	diversified	ADJ
abrj-353	188	10	borrowing	borrowing	NOUN
abrj-353	188	11	portfolios	portfolio	NOUN
abrj-353	188	12	experienced	experience	VERB
abrj-353	188	13	lower	low	ADJ
abrj-353	188	14	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	188	15	disruptions	disruption	NOUN
abrj-353	188	16	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	188	17	emphasizing	emphasize	VERB
abrj-353	188	18	the	the	DET
abrj-353	188	19	importance	importance	NOUN
abrj-353	188	20	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	188	21	sound	sound	ADJ
abrj-353	188	22	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	188	23	management	management	NOUN
abrj-353	188	24	practices	practice	NOUN
abrj-353	188	25	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	189	1	using	use	VERB
abrj-353	189	2	structural	structural	ADJ
abrj-353	189	3	equation	equation	NOUN
abrj-353	189	4	modeling	modeling	NOUN
abrj-353	189	5	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	189	6	sem	sem	NOUN
abrj-353	189	7	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	189	8	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	189	9	the	the	DET
abrj-353	189	10	world	world	PROPN
abrj-353	189	11	bank	bank	PROPN
abrj-353	189	12	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	189	13	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	189	14	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	189	15	analyzed	analyze	VERB
abrj-353	189	16	the	the	DET
abrj-353	189	17	causal	causal	ADJ
abrj-353	189	18	relationship	relationship	NOUN
abrj-353	189	19	between	between	ADP
abrj-353	189	20	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	189	21	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	189	22	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	189	23	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	189	24	performance	performance	NOUN
abrj-353	189	25	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	189	26	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	189	27	institutional	institutional	ADJ
abrj-353	189	28	factors	factor	NOUN
abrj-353	189	29	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	189	30	40	40	NUM
abrj-353	189	31	lowand	lowand	ADJ
abrj-353	189	32	middle	middle	ADJ
abrj-353	189	33	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	189	34	income	income	NOUN
abrj-353	189	35	countries	country	NOUN
abrj-353	189	36	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	190	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	190	2	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	190	3	used	use	VERB
abrj-353	190	4	data	datum	NOUN
abrj-353	190	5	from	from	ADP
abrj-353	190	6	2005	2005	NUM
abrj-353	190	7	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	190	8	2022	2022	NUM
abrj-353	190	9	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	190	10	including	include	VERB
abrj-353	190	11	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	190	12	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	190	13	trends	trend	NOUN
abrj-353	190	14	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	190	15	debt	debt	NOUN
abrj-353	190	16	profiles	profile	NOUN
abrj-353	190	17	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	190	18	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	190	19	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	190	20	expenditures	expenditure	NOUN
abrj-353	190	21	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	191	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	191	2	findings	finding	NOUN
abrj-353	191	3	revealed	reveal	VERB
abrj-353	191	4	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	191	5	a	a	DET
abrj-353	191	6	1	1	NUM
abrj-353	191	7	%	%	NOUN
abrj-353	191	8	increase	increase	NOUN
abrj-353	191	9	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	191	10	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	191	11	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	191	12	leads	lead	VERB
abrj-353	191	13	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	191	14	a	a	DET
abrj-353	191	15	5	5	NUM
abrj-353	191	16	%	%	NOUN
abrj-353	191	17	rise	rise	NOUN
abrj-353	191	18	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	191	19	debt	debt	NOUN
abrj-353	191	20	servicing	servicing	NOUN
abrj-353	191	21	costs	cost	NOUN
abrj-353	191	22	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	192	1	high	high	ADJ
abrj-353	192	2	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	192	3	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	192	4	discourage	discourage	VERB
abrj-353	192	5	public	public	ADJ
abrj-353	192	6	borrowing	borrowing	NOUN
abrj-353	192	7	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	192	8	development	development	NOUN
abrj-353	192	9	projects	project	NOUN
abrj-353	192	10	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	192	11	resulting	result	VERB
abrj-353	192	12	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	192	13	under	under	ADV
abrj-353	192	14	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	192	15	executed	execute	VERB
abrj-353	192	16	budgets	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	192	17	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	193	1	however	however	ADV
abrj-353	193	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	193	3	countries	country	NOUN
abrj-353	193	4	with	with	ADP
abrj-353	193	5	strong	strong	ADJ
abrj-353	193	6	institutional	institutional	ADJ
abrj-353	193	7	quality	quality	NOUN
abrj-353	193	8	were	be	AUX
abrj-353	193	9	better	well	ADV
abrj-353	193	10	equipped	equip	VERB
abrj-353	193	11	to	to	PART
abrj-353	193	12	mitigate	mitigate	VERB
abrj-353	193	13	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	193	14	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	193	15	risks	risk	NOUN
abrj-353	193	16	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	193	17	maintain	maintain	VERB
abrj-353	193	18	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	193	19	stability	stability	NOUN
abrj-353	193	20	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	194	1	adler	adler	PROPN
abrj-353	194	2	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	194	3	jin	jin	NOUN
abrj-353	194	4	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	194	5	2022	2022	NUM
abrj-353	194	6	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	194	7	employed	employ	VERB
abrj-353	194	8	econometric	econometric	ADJ
abrj-353	194	9	modeling	modeling	NOUN
abrj-353	194	10	with	with	ADP
abrj-353	194	11	time	time	NOUN
abrj-353	194	12	series	series	PROPN
abrj-353	194	13	data	datum	NOUN
abrj-353	194	14	from	from	ADP
abrj-353	194	15	10	10	NUM
abrj-353	194	16	latin	latin	ADJ
abrj-353	194	17	american	american	ADJ
abrj-353	194	18	countries	country	NOUN
abrj-353	194	19	between	between	ADP
abrj-353	194	20	1995	1995	NUM
abrj-353	194	21	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	194	22	2021	2021	NUM
abrj-353	194	23	to	to	PART
abrj-353	194	24	examine	examine	VERB
abrj-353	194	25	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	194	26	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	194	27	volatility	volatility	NOUN
abrj-353	194	28	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	194	29	latin	latin	PROPN
abrj-353	194	30	america	america	PROPN
abrj-353	194	31	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	195	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	195	2	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	195	3	analyzed	analyze	VERB
abrj-353	195	4	central	central	ADJ
abrj-353	195	5	bank	bank	NOUN
abrj-353	195	6	reports	report	NOUN
abrj-353	195	7	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	195	8	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	195	9	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	195	10	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	195	11	government	government	NOUN
abrj-353	195	12	budgets	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	195	13	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	196	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	196	2	results	result	NOUN
abrj-353	196	3	concluded	conclude	VERB
abrj-353	196	4	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	196	5	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	196	6	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	196	7	volatility	volatility	NOUN
abrj-353	196	8	increases	increase	VERB
abrj-353	196	9	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	196	10	unpredictability	unpredictability	NOUN
abrj-353	196	11	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	196	12	complicating	complicate	VERB
abrj-353	196	13	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	196	14	planning	planning	NOUN
abrj-353	196	15	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	197	1	countries	country	NOUN
abrj-353	197	2	with	with	ADP
abrj-353	197	3	a	a	DET
abrj-353	197	4	higher	high	ADJ
abrj-353	197	5	proportion	proportion	NOUN
abrj-353	197	6	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	197	7	fixed	fix	VERB
abrj-353	197	8	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	197	9	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	197	10	debt	debt	NOUN
abrj-353	197	11	were	be	AUX
abrj-353	197	12	less	less	ADV
abrj-353	197	13	affected	affect	VERB
abrj-353	197	14	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	197	15	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	197	16	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	197	17	fluctuations	fluctuation	NOUN
abrj-353	197	18	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	198	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
abrj-353	198	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	198	3	transparent	transparent	ADJ
abrj-353	198	4	monetary	monetary	ADJ
abrj-353	198	5	policies	policy	NOUN
abrj-353	198	6	were	be	AUX
abrj-353	198	7	shown	show	VERB
abrj-353	198	8	to	to	PART
abrj-353	198	9	reduce	reduce	VERB
abrj-353	198	10	borrowing	borrowing	NOUN
abrj-353	198	11	costs	cost	NOUN
abrj-353	198	12	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	198	13	improve	improve	VERB
abrj-353	198	14	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	198	15	execution	execution	NOUN
abrj-353	198	16	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	198	17	demonstrating	demonstrate	VERB
abrj-353	198	18	the	the	DET
abrj-353	198	19	critical	critical	ADJ
abrj-353	198	20	role	role	NOUN
abrj-353	198	21	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	198	22	monetary	monetary	ADJ
abrj-353	198	23	policy	policy	NOUN
abrj-353	198	24	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	198	25	mitigating	mitigate	VERB
abrj-353	198	26	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	198	27	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	198	28	risks	risk	NOUN
abrj-353	198	29	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	199	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	199	2	oecd	oecd	PROPN
abrj-353	199	3	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	199	4	2022	2022	NUM
abrj-353	199	5	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	199	6	used	use	VERB
abrj-353	199	7	a	a	DET
abrj-353	199	8	mixed	mixed	ADJ
abrj-353	199	9	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	199	10	methods	method	NOUN
abrj-353	199	11	approach	approach	NOUN
abrj-353	199	12	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	199	13	combining	combine	VERB
abrj-353	199	14	quantitative	quantitative	ADJ
abrj-353	199	15	analysis	analysis	NOUN
abrj-353	199	16	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	199	17	case	case	NOUN
abrj-353	199	18	studies	study	NOUN
abrj-353	199	19	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	199	20	to	to	PART
abrj-353	199	21	examine	examine	VERB
abrj-353	199	22	the	the	DET
abrj-353	199	23	impact	impact	NOUN
abrj-353	199	24	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	199	25	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	199	26	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	199	27	fluctuations	fluctuation	NOUN
abrj-353	199	28	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	199	29	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	199	30	performance	performance	NOUN
abrj-353	199	31	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	199	32	20	20	NUM
abrj-353	199	33	member	member	NOUN
abrj-353	199	34	countries	country	NOUN
abrj-353	199	35	from	from	ADP
abrj-353	199	36	2000	2000	NUM
abrj-353	199	37	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	199	38	2020	2020	NUM
abrj-353	199	39	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	200	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	200	2	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	200	3	found	find	VERB
abrj-353	200	4	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	200	5	low	low	ADJ
abrj-353	200	6	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	200	7	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	200	8	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	200	9	environments	environment	NOUN
abrj-353	200	10	improved	improve	VERB
abrj-353	200	11	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	200	12	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	200	13	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	200	14	reducing	reduce	VERB
abrj-353	200	15	debt	debt	NOUN
abrj-353	200	16	servicing	servicing	NOUN
abrj-353	200	17	costs	cost	NOUN
abrj-353	200	18	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	200	19	allowing	allow	VERB
abrj-353	200	20	more	more	ADJ
abrj-353	200	21	resources	resource	NOUN
abrj-353	200	22	to	to	PART
abrj-353	200	23	be	be	AUX
abrj-353	200	24	allocated	allocate	VERB
abrj-353	200	25	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	200	26	public	public	ADJ
abrj-353	200	27	investments	investment	NOUN
abrj-353	200	28	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	201	1	conversely	conversely	ADV
abrj-353	201	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	201	3	prolonged	prolonged	ADJ
abrj-353	201	4	periods	period	NOUN
abrj-353	201	5	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	201	6	high	high	ADJ
abrj-353	201	7	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	201	8	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	201	9	strained	strain	VERB
abrj-353	201	10	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	201	11	budgets	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	201	12	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	201	13	curtailed	curtail	VERB
abrj-353	201	14	developmental	developmental	ADJ
abrj-353	201	15	expenditures	expenditure	NOUN
abrj-353	201	16	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	202	1	efficient	efficient	ADJ
abrj-353	202	2	debt	debt	NOUN
abrj-353	202	3	management	management	NOUN
abrj-353	202	4	systems	system	NOUN
abrj-353	202	5	were	be	AUX
abrj-353	202	6	highlighted	highlight	VERB
abrj-353	202	7	as	as	ADP
abrj-353	202	8	essential	essential	ADJ
abrj-353	202	9	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	202	10	enhancing	enhance	VERB
abrj-353	202	11	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	202	12	performance	performance	NOUN
abrj-353	202	13	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	202	14	fluctuating	fluctuate	VERB
abrj-353	202	15	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	202	16	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	202	17	environments	environment	NOUN
abrj-353	202	18	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	203	1	adesina	adesina	PROPN
abrj-353	203	2	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	203	3	okafor	okafor	PROPN
abrj-353	203	4	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	203	5	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	203	6	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	203	7	applied	apply	VERB
abrj-353	203	8	autoregressive	autoregressive	ADJ
abrj-353	203	9	distributed	distribute	VERB
abrj-353	203	10	lag	lag	NOUN
abrj-353	203	11	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	203	12	ardl	ardl	NOUN
abrj-353	203	13	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	203	14	models	model	NOUN
abrj-353	203	15	to	to	PART
abrj-353	203	16	analyze	analyze	VERB
abrj-353	203	17	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	203	18	’s	’s	PART
abrj-353	203	19	federal	federal	ADJ
abrj-353	203	20	budgetary	budgetary	ADJ
abrj-353	203	21	data	datum	NOUN
abrj-353	203	22	from	from	ADP
abrj-353	203	23	1990	1990	NUM
abrj-353	203	24	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	203	25	2022	2022	NUM
abrj-353	203	26	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	203	27	a	a	DET
abrj-353	203	28	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	203	29	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	203	30	the	the	DET
abrj-353	203	31	impact	impact	NOUN
abrj-353	203	32	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	203	33	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	203	34	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	203	35	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	203	36	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	203	37	’s	’s	PART
abrj-353	203	38	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	203	39	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	203	40	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	204	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	204	2	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	204	3	focused	focus	VERB
abrj-353	204	4	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	204	5	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	204	6	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	204	7	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	204	8	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	204	9	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	204	10	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	204	11	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	205	1	it	it	PRON
abrj-353	205	2	was	be	AUX
abrj-353	205	3	found	find	VERB
abrj-353	205	4	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	205	5	high	high	ADJ
abrj-353	205	6	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	205	7	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	205	8	significantly	significantly	ADV
abrj-353	205	9	increased	increase	VERB
abrj-353	205	10	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	205	11	’s	’s	PART
abrj-353	205	12	domestic	domestic	ADJ
abrj-353	205	13	debt	debt	NOUN
abrj-353	205	14	servicing	servicing	NOUN
abrj-353	205	15	costs	cost	NOUN
abrj-353	205	16	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	205	17	reducing	reduce	VERB
abrj-353	205	18	funds	fund	NOUN
abrj-353	205	19	available	available	ADJ
abrj-353	205	20	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	205	21	capital	capital	NOUN
abrj-353	205	22	projects	project	NOUN
abrj-353	205	23	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	206	1	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	206	2	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	206	3	hikes	hike	NOUN
abrj-353	206	4	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	206	5	the	the	DET
abrj-353	206	6	domestic	domestic	ADJ
abrj-353	206	7	bond	bond	NOUN
abrj-353	206	8	market	market	NOUN
abrj-353	206	9	discouraged	discourage	VERB
abrj-353	206	10	private	private	ADJ
abrj-353	206	11	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	206	12	sector	sector	NOUN
abrj-353	206	13	lending	lending	NOUN
abrj-353	206	14	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	206	15	further	far	ADV
abrj-353	206	16	straining	strain	VERB
abrj-353	206	17	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	206	18	budgets	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	206	19	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	207	1	ahmed	ahmed	PROPN
abrj-353	207	2	et	et	PROPN
abrj-353	207	3	al	al	PROPN
abrj-353	207	4	.	.	PROPN
abrj-353	207	5	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	207	6	2022	2022	NUM
abrj-353	207	7	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	207	8	used	use	VERB
abrj-353	207	9	vector	vector	NOUN
abrj-353	207	10	error	error	NOUN
abrj-353	207	11	correction	correction	NOUN
abrj-353	207	12	models	model	NOUN
abrj-353	207	13	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	207	14	vecm	vecm	NOUN
abrj-353	207	15	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	207	16	to	to	PART
abrj-353	207	17	analyze	analyze	VERB
abrj-353	207	18	nigeria	nigeria	PRON
abrj-353	207	19	’s	’s	PART
abrj-353	207	20	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	207	21	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	207	22	monetary	monetary	ADJ
abrj-353	207	23	data	datum	NOUN
abrj-353	207	24	from	from	ADP
abrj-353	207	25	2000	2000	NUM
abrj-353	207	26	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	207	27	2021	2021	NUM
abrj-353	207	28	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	208	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	208	2	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	208	3	revealed	reveal	VERB
abrj-353	208	4	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	208	5	rising	rise	VERB
abrj-353	208	6	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	208	7	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	208	8	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	208	9	both	both	CCONJ
abrj-353	208	10	domestic	domestic	ADJ
abrj-353	208	11	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	208	12	international	international	ADJ
abrj-353	208	13	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	208	14	resulted	result	VERB
abrj-353	208	15	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	208	16	a	a	DET
abrj-353	208	17	30	30	NUM
abrj-353	208	18	%	%	NOUN
abrj-353	208	19	increase	increase	NOUN
abrj-353	208	20	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	208	21	debt	debt	NOUN
abrj-353	208	22	servicing	servicing	NOUN
abrj-353	208	23	costs	cost	NOUN
abrj-353	208	24	over	over	ADP
abrj-353	208	25	five	five	NUM
abrj-353	208	26	years	year	NOUN
abrj-353	208	27	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	209	1	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	209	2	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	209	3	was	be	AUX
abrj-353	209	4	constrained	constrain	VERB
abrj-353	209	5	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	209	6	high	high	ADJ
abrj-353	209	7	borrowing	borrowing	NOUN
abrj-353	209	8	costs	cost	NOUN
abrj-353	209	9	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	209	10	asian	asian	ADJ
abrj-353	209	11	business	business	NOUN
abrj-353	209	12	research	research	NOUN
abrj-353	209	13	journal	journal	NOUN
abrj-353	209	14	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	209	15	2025	2025	NUM
abrj-353	209	16	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	209	17	10(4	10(4	NUM
abrj-353	209	18	):	):	PUNCT
abrj-353	209	19	7	7	NUM
abrj-353	209	20	-	-	SYM
abrj-353	209	21	19	19	NUM
abrj-353	209	22	12	12	NUM
abrj-353	209	23	©	©	PROPN
abrj-353	209	24	2025	2025	NUM
abrj-353	209	25	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	209	26	the	the	DET
abrj-353	209	27	authors	author	NOUN
abrj-353	209	28	;	;	PUNCT
abrj-353	209	29	licensee	licensee	NOUN
abrj-353	209	30	eastern	eastern	ADJ
abrj-353	209	31	centre	centre	NOUN
abrj-353	209	32	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	209	33	science	science	NOUN
abrj-353	209	34	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	209	35	education	education	NOUN
abrj-353	209	36	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	209	37	usa	usa	PROPN
abrj-353	209	38	delaying	delay	VERB
abrj-353	209	39	critical	critical	ADJ
abrj-353	209	40	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
abrj-353	209	41	projects	project	NOUN
abrj-353	209	42	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	210	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	210	2	researchers	researcher	NOUN
abrj-353	210	3	emphasized	emphasize	VERB
abrj-353	210	4	the	the	DET
abrj-353	210	5	importance	importance	NOUN
abrj-353	210	6	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	210	7	strengthening	strengthen	VERB
abrj-353	210	8	institutional	institutional	ADJ
abrj-353	210	9	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
abrj-353	210	10	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	210	11	debt	debt	NOUN
abrj-353	210	12	management	management	NOUN
abrj-353	210	13	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	210	14	improving	improve	VERB
abrj-353	210	15	coordination	coordination	NOUN
abrj-353	210	16	between	between	ADP
abrj-353	210	17	monetary	monetary	ADJ
abrj-353	210	18	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	210	19	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	210	20	policies	policy	NOUN
abrj-353	210	21	to	to	PART
abrj-353	210	22	mitigate	mitigate	VERB
abrj-353	210	23	the	the	DET
abrj-353	210	24	adverse	adverse	ADJ
abrj-353	210	25	effects	effect	NOUN
abrj-353	210	26	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	210	27	rising	rise	VERB
abrj-353	210	28	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	210	29	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	210	30	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	210	31	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	210	32	’s	’s	PART
abrj-353	210	33	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	210	34	performance	performance	NOUN
abrj-353	210	35	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	211	1	therefore	therefore	ADV
abrj-353	211	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	211	3	this	this	DET
abrj-353	211	4	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	211	5	hypothesizes	hypothesize	VERB
abrj-353	211	6	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	211	7	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	211	8	h03	h03	NOUN
abrj-353	211	9	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	211	10	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	211	11	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	211	12	has	have	VERB
abrj-353	211	13	no	no	DET
abrj-353	211	14	significant	significant	ADJ
abrj-353	211	15	influence	influence	NOUN
abrj-353	211	16	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	211	17	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	211	18	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	211	19	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	211	20	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	211	21	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	212	1	2.4	2.4	NUM
abrj-353	212	2	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	213	1	conceptual	conceptual	ADJ
abrj-353	213	2	framework	framework	NOUN
abrj-353	213	3	the	the	DET
abrj-353	213	4	conceptual	conceptual	ADJ
abrj-353	213	5	framework	framework	NOUN
abrj-353	213	6	depicted	depict	VERB
abrj-353	213	7	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	213	8	figure	figure	NOUN
abrj-353	213	9	1	1	NUM
abrj-353	213	10	demonstrates	demonstrate	VERB
abrj-353	213	11	the	the	DET
abrj-353	213	12	relationships	relationship	NOUN
abrj-353	213	13	among	among	ADP
abrj-353	213	14	factors	factor	NOUN
abrj-353	213	15	influencing	influence	VERB
abrj-353	213	16	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	213	17	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	213	18	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	213	19	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	213	20	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	214	1	figure	figure	VERB
abrj-353	214	2	1	1	NUM
abrj-353	214	3	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	215	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	215	2	conceptual	conceptual	ADJ
abrj-353	215	3	framework	framework	NOUN
abrj-353	215	4	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	216	1	3	3	X
abrj-353	216	2	.	.	X
abrj-353	216	3	methodology	methodology	NOUN
abrj-353	216	4	this	this	DET
abrj-353	216	5	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	216	6	involves	involve	VERB
abrj-353	216	7	time	time	NOUN
abrj-353	216	8	series	series	NOUN
abrj-353	216	9	analysis	analysis	NOUN
abrj-353	216	10	;	;	PUNCT
abrj-353	216	11	therefore	therefore	ADV
abrj-353	216	12	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	216	13	both	both	DET
abrj-353	216	14	ex	ex	NOUN
abrj-353	216	15	-	-	ADJ
abrj-353	216	16	post	post	ADJ
abrj-353	216	17	facto	facto	X
abrj-353	216	18	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	216	19	longitudinal	longitudinal	ADJ
abrj-353	216	20	research	research	NOUN
abrj-353	216	21	methods	method	NOUN
abrj-353	216	22	were	be	AUX
abrj-353	216	23	used	use	VERB
abrj-353	216	24	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	217	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	217	2	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	217	3	covered	cover	VERB
abrj-353	217	4	the	the	DET
abrj-353	217	5	period	period	NOUN
abrj-353	217	6	from	from	ADP
abrj-353	217	7	2008	2008	NUM
abrj-353	217	8	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	217	9	2024	2024	NUM
abrj-353	217	10	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	217	11	year	year	NOUN
abrj-353	217	12	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	218	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	218	2	federal	federal	ADJ
abrj-353	218	3	government	government	NOUN
abrj-353	218	4	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	218	5	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	218	6	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	218	7	fgn	fgn	PROPN
abrj-353	218	8	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	218	9	served	serve	VERB
abrj-353	218	10	as	as	ADP
abrj-353	218	11	the	the	DET
abrj-353	218	12	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	218	13	focus	focus	NOUN
abrj-353	218	14	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	218	15	population	population	NOUN
abrj-353	218	16	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	219	1	secondary	secondary	ADJ
abrj-353	219	2	data	datum	NOUN
abrj-353	219	3	was	be	AUX
abrj-353	219	4	obtained	obtain	VERB
abrj-353	219	5	from	from	ADP
abrj-353	219	6	the	the	DET
abrj-353	219	7	fgn	fgn	PROPN
abrj-353	219	8	's	's	PART
abrj-353	219	9	annual	annual	ADJ
abrj-353	219	10	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	219	11	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	219	12	reports	report	NOUN
abrj-353	219	13	from	from	ADP
abrj-353	219	14	the	the	DET
abrj-353	219	15	cbn	cbn	PROPN
abrj-353	219	16	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	219	17	debt	debt	NOUN
abrj-353	219	18	management	management	NOUN
abrj-353	219	19	office	office	NOUN
abrj-353	219	20	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	219	21	dmo	dmo	NOUN
abrj-353	219	22	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	219	23	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	219	24	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	219	25	the	the	DET
abrj-353	219	26	federal	federal	PROPN
abrj-353	219	27	ministry	ministry	PROPN
abrj-353	219	28	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	219	29	finance	finance	PROPN
abrj-353	219	30	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	220	1	data	datum	NOUN
abrj-353	220	2	was	be	AUX
abrj-353	220	3	subjected	subject	VERB
abrj-353	220	4	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	220	5	multiple	multiple	ADJ
abrj-353	220	6	regression	regression	NOUN
abrj-353	220	7	analysis	analysis	NOUN
abrj-353	220	8	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	220	9	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	220	10	the	the	DET
abrj-353	220	11	hypotheses	hypothesis	NOUN
abrj-353	220	12	were	be	AUX
abrj-353	220	13	tested	test	VERB
abrj-353	220	14	using	use	VERB
abrj-353	220	15	the	the	DET
abrj-353	220	16	stata	stata	ADJ
abrj-353	220	17	statistical	statistical	ADJ
abrj-353	220	18	package	package	NOUN
abrj-353	220	19	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	221	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	221	2	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	221	3	’s	’s	PART
abrj-353	221	4	econometric	econometric	PROPN
abrj-353	221	5	model	model	NOUN
abrj-353	221	6	regressed	regress	VERB
abrj-353	221	7	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	221	8	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	221	9	against	against	ADP
abrj-353	221	10	the	the	DET
abrj-353	221	11	foreign	foreign	ADJ
abrj-353	221	12	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	221	13	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	221	14	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	221	15	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	221	16	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	221	17	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	221	18	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	221	19	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	221	20	with	with	ADP
abrj-353	221	21	the	the	DET
abrj-353	221	22	corruption	corruption	NOUN
abrj-353	221	23	index	index	NOUN
abrj-353	221	24	as	as	ADP
abrj-353	221	25	a	a	DET
abrj-353	221	26	control	control	NOUN
abrj-353	221	27	variable	variable	NOUN
abrj-353	221	28	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	222	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	222	2	regression	regression	NOUN
abrj-353	222	3	equations	equation	NOUN
abrj-353	222	4	are	be	AUX
abrj-353	222	5	stated	state	VERB
abrj-353	222	6	as	as	SCONJ
abrj-353	222	7	follows	follow	VERB
abrj-353	222	8	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	223	1	bi𝑡=	bi𝑡=	PROPN
abrj-353	223	2	β0	β0	PROPN
abrj-353	223	3	+	+	CCONJ
abrj-353	223	4	β1fexr𝑡+	β1fexr𝑡+	PROPN
abrj-353	223	5	β2infr𝑡+	β2infr𝑡+	PROPN
abrj-353	223	6	β3intr𝑡+	β3intr𝑡+	NOUN
abrj-353	223	7	β4cinr𝑡+	β4cinr𝑡+	PROPN
abrj-353	223	8	𝜀𝑡	𝜀𝑡	NOUN
abrj-353	223	9	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	223	10	1	1	NUM
abrj-353	223	11	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	224	1	where	where	SCONJ
abrj-353	224	2	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	224	3	bi=	bi=	PROPN
abrj-353	224	4	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	224	5	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	224	6	fexr=	fexr=	NUM
abrj-353	224	7	foreign	foreign	ADJ
abrj-353	224	8	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	224	9	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	224	10	infr=	infr=	NUM
abrj-353	224	11	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	224	12	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	224	13	intr=	intr=	NUM
abrj-353	224	14	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	224	15	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	224	16	cinr=	cinr=	PROPN
abrj-353	224	17	corruption	corruption	NOUN
abrj-353	224	18	index	index	NOUN
abrj-353	224	19	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	224	20	β0=	β0=	NOUN
abrj-353	224	21	constant	constant	ADJ
abrj-353	224	22	β1	β1	PROPN
abrj-353	224	23	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	224	24	β4=	β4=	ADJ
abrj-353	224	25	gradients	gradient	NOUN
abrj-353	224	26	𝑡=	𝑡=	VERB
abrj-353	224	27	time	time	NOUN
abrj-353	224	28	𝜀=	𝜀=	PRON
abrj-353	224	29	error	error	NOUN
abrj-353	224	30	term	term	NOUN
abrj-353	224	31	3.1	3.1	NUM
abrj-353	224	32	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	224	33	measurement	measurement	NOUN
abrj-353	224	34	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	224	35	description	description	NOUN
abrj-353	224	36	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	224	37	variables	variable	NOUN
abrj-353	224	38	the	the	DET
abrj-353	224	39	variables	variable	NOUN
abrj-353	224	40	being	be	AUX
abrj-353	224	41	studied	study	VERB
abrj-353	224	42	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	224	43	together	together	ADV
abrj-353	224	44	with	with	ADP
abrj-353	224	45	their	their	PRON
abrj-353	224	46	description	description	NOUN
abrj-353	224	47	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	224	48	measurement	measurement	NOUN
abrj-353	224	49	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	224	50	data	datum	NOUN
abrj-353	224	51	source	source	NOUN
abrj-353	224	52	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	224	53	supporting	support	VERB
abrj-353	224	54	literature	literature	NOUN
abrj-353	224	55	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	224	56	are	be	AUX
abrj-353	224	57	shown	show	VERB
abrj-353	224	58	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	224	59	table	table	NOUN
abrj-353	224	60	1	1	NUM
abrj-353	224	61	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	224	62	table	table	NOUN
abrj-353	224	63	1	1	NUM
abrj-353	224	64	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	224	65	measurement	measurement	NOUN
abrj-353	224	66	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	224	67	description	description	NOUN
abrj-353	224	68	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	224	69	research	research	NOUN
abrj-353	224	70	variables	variable	NOUN
abrj-353	224	71	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	225	1	sn	sn	PROPN
abrj-353	225	2	variable	variable	ADJ
abrj-353	225	3	description	description	NOUN
abrj-353	225	4	measurement	measurement	NOUN
abrj-353	225	5	data	data	PROPN
abrj-353	225	6	source	source	PROPN
abrj-353	225	7	literature	literature	NOUN
abrj-353	225	8	evidence	evidence	NOUN
abrj-353	225	9	1	1	NUM
abrj-353	225	10	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	225	11	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	225	12	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	225	13	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	225	14	entails	entail	VERB
abrj-353	225	15	executing	execute	VERB
abrj-353	225	16	the	the	DET
abrj-353	225	17	government	government	NOUN
abrj-353	225	18	's	's	PART
abrj-353	225	19	financial	financial	ADJ
abrj-353	225	20	strategy	strategy	NOUN
abrj-353	225	21	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	225	22	ensuring	ensure	VERB
abrj-353	225	23	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	225	24	spending	spending	NOUN
abrj-353	225	25	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	225	26	revenues	revenue	NOUN
abrj-353	225	27	line	line	NOUN
abrj-353	225	28	with	with	ADP
abrj-353	225	29	the	the	DET
abrj-353	225	30	approved	approve	VERB
abrj-353	225	31	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	225	32	the	the	DET
abrj-353	225	33	ratio	ratio	NOUN
abrj-353	225	34	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	225	35	the	the	DET
abrj-353	225	36	public	public	ADJ
abrj-353	225	37	sector	sector	NOUN
abrj-353	225	38	expenditure	expenditure	NOUN
abrj-353	225	39	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	225	40	its	its	PRON
abrj-353	225	41	planned	plan	VERB
abrj-353	225	42	or	or	CCONJ
abrj-353	225	43	approved	approve	VERB
abrj-353	225	44	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	225	45	government	government	NOUN
abrj-353	225	46	annual	annual	ADJ
abrj-353	225	47	reports	report	NOUN
abrj-353	225	48	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	226	1	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	226	2	dmo	dmo	PROPN
abrj-353	226	3	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	226	4	2022	2022	NUM
abrj-353	226	5	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	226	6	2	2	NUM
abrj-353	226	7	foreign	foreign	ADJ
abrj-353	226	8	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	226	9	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	226	10	the	the	DET
abrj-353	226	11	foreign	foreign	ADJ
abrj-353	226	12	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	226	13	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	226	14	is	be	AUX
abrj-353	226	15	the	the	DET
abrj-353	226	16	value	value	NOUN
abrj-353	226	17	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	226	18	one	one	NUM
abrj-353	226	19	country	country	NOUN
abrj-353	226	20	's	's	PART
abrj-353	226	21	currency	currency	NOUN
abrj-353	226	22	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	226	23	relation	relation	NOUN
abrj-353	226	24	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	226	25	another	another	PRON
abrj-353	226	26	's	's	PART
abrj-353	226	27	currency	currency	NOUN
abrj-353	226	28	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	227	1	official	official	ADJ
abrj-353	227	2	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	227	3	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	227	4	at	at	ADP
abrj-353	227	5	the	the	DET
abrj-353	227	6	end	end	NOUN
abrj-353	227	7	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	227	8	the	the	DET
abrj-353	227	9	year	year	NOUN
abrj-353	227	10	cbn	cbn	PROPN
abrj-353	227	11	report	report	NOUN
abrj-353	227	12	ubadike	ubadike	PROPN
abrj-353	227	13	et	et	PROPN
abrj-353	227	14	al	al	PROPN
abrj-353	227	15	.	.	PROPN
abrj-353	227	16	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	227	17	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	227	18	3	3	NUM
abrj-353	227	19	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	227	20	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	227	21	the	the	DET
abrj-353	227	22	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	227	23	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	227	24	refers	refer	VERB
abrj-353	227	25	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	227	26	the	the	DET
abrj-353	227	27	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	227	28	at	at	ADP
abrj-353	227	29	which	which	PRON
abrj-353	227	30	prices	price	NOUN
abrj-353	227	31	rise	rise	VERB
abrj-353	227	32	over	over	ADP
abrj-353	227	33	time	time	NOUN
abrj-353	227	34	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	228	1	official	official	ADJ
abrj-353	228	2	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	228	3	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	228	4	at	at	ADP
abrj-353	228	5	the	the	DET
abrj-353	228	6	end	end	NOUN
abrj-353	228	7	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	228	8	the	the	DET
abrj-353	228	9	year	year	NOUN
abrj-353	228	10	cbn	cbn	PROPN
abrj-353	228	11	report	report	VERB
abrj-353	228	12	ana	ana	PROPN
abrj-353	228	13	et	et	PROPN
abrj-353	228	14	al	al	PROPN
abrj-353	228	15	.	.	PROPN
abrj-353	228	16	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	228	17	2024	2024	NUM
abrj-353	228	18	4	4	NUM
abrj-353	228	19	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	228	20	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	228	21	the	the	DET
abrj-353	228	22	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	228	23	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	228	24	is	be	AUX
abrj-353	228	25	the	the	DET
abrj-353	228	26	percentage	percentage	NOUN
abrj-353	228	27	charged	charge	VERB
abrj-353	228	28	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	228	29	the	the	DET
abrj-353	228	30	entire	entire	ADJ
abrj-353	228	31	amount	amount	NOUN
abrj-353	228	32	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	228	33	a	a	DET
abrj-353	228	34	loan	loan	NOUN
abrj-353	228	35	or	or	CCONJ
abrj-353	228	36	paid	pay	VERB
abrj-353	228	37	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	228	38	deposits	deposit	NOUN
abrj-353	228	39	over	over	ADP
abrj-353	228	40	a	a	DET
abrj-353	228	41	given	give	VERB
abrj-353	228	42	period	period	NOUN
abrj-353	228	43	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	229	1	official	official	ADJ
abrj-353	229	2	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	229	3	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	229	4	at	at	ADP
abrj-353	229	5	the	the	DET
abrj-353	229	6	end	end	NOUN
abrj-353	229	7	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	229	8	the	the	DET
abrj-353	229	9	year	year	NOUN
abrj-353	229	10	cbn	cbn	PROPN
abrj-353	229	11	report	report	NOUN
abrj-353	229	12	bernanke	bernanke	PROPN
abrj-353	229	13	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	229	14	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	229	15	5	5	NUM
abrj-353	229	16	corruption	corruption	NOUN
abrj-353	229	17	index	index	NOUN
abrj-353	229	18	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	229	19	the	the	DET
abrj-353	229	20	corruption	corruption	NOUN
abrj-353	229	21	perceptions	perception	NOUN
abrj-353	229	22	index	index	NOUN
abrj-353	229	23	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	229	24	cpi	cpi	NOUN
abrj-353	229	25	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	229	26	ranks	rank	VERB
abrj-353	229	27	countries	country	NOUN
abrj-353	229	28	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	229	29	a	a	DET
abrj-353	229	30	scale	scale	NOUN
abrj-353	229	31	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	229	32	0	0	NUM
abrj-353	229	33	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	229	34	very	very	ADV
abrj-353	229	35	corrupt	corrupt	ADJ
abrj-353	229	36	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	229	37	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	229	38	100	100	NUM
abrj-353	229	39	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	229	40	extremely	extremely	ADV
abrj-353	229	41	clean	clean	ADJ
abrj-353	229	42	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	229	43	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	230	1	perceived	perceive	VERB
abrj-353	230	2	levels	level	NOUN
abrj-353	230	3	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	230	4	public	public	ADJ
abrj-353	230	5	sector	sector	NOUN
abrj-353	230	6	corruption	corruption	NOUN
abrj-353	230	7	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	230	8	scoring	score	VERB
abrj-353	230	9	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	230	10	a	a	DET
abrj-353	230	11	scale	scale	NOUN
abrj-353	230	12	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	230	13	0	0	NUM
abrj-353	230	14	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	230	15	highly	highly	ADV
abrj-353	230	16	corrupt	corrupt	ADJ
abrj-353	230	17	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	230	18	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	230	19	cpi	cpi	PROPN
abrj-353	230	20	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	230	21	reports	report	NOUN
abrj-353	230	22	transparency	transparency	NOUN
abrj-353	230	23	international	international	NOUN
abrj-353	230	24	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	230	25	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	230	26	asian	asian	ADJ
abrj-353	230	27	business	business	NOUN
abrj-353	230	28	research	research	NOUN
abrj-353	230	29	journal	journal	NOUN
abrj-353	230	30	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	230	31	2025	2025	NUM
abrj-353	230	32	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	230	33	10(4	10(4	NUM
abrj-353	230	34	):	):	PUNCT
abrj-353	230	35	7	7	NUM
abrj-353	230	36	-	-	SYM
abrj-353	230	37	19	19	NUM
abrj-353	230	38	13	13	NUM
abrj-353	230	39	©	©	PROPN
abrj-353	230	40	2025	2025	NUM
abrj-353	230	41	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	230	42	the	the	DET
abrj-353	230	43	authors	author	NOUN
abrj-353	230	44	;	;	PUNCT
abrj-353	230	45	licensee	licensee	NOUN
abrj-353	230	46	eastern	eastern	ADJ
abrj-353	230	47	centre	centre	NOUN
abrj-353	230	48	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	230	49	science	science	NOUN
abrj-353	230	50	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	230	51	education	education	NOUN
abrj-353	230	52	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	230	53	usa	usa	PROPN
abrj-353	230	54	100	100	NUM
abrj-353	230	55	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	230	56	very	very	ADV
abrj-353	230	57	clean	clean	ADJ
abrj-353	230	58	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	230	59	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	231	1	4	4	X
abrj-353	231	2	.	.	X
abrj-353	231	3	data	datum	NOUN
abrj-353	231	4	analysis	analysis	NOUN
abrj-353	231	5	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	231	6	discussion	discussion	NOUN
abrj-353	231	7	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	231	8	findings	finding	NOUN
abrj-353	231	9	this	this	DET
abrj-353	231	10	section	section	NOUN
abrj-353	231	11	depicts	depict	VERB
abrj-353	231	12	the	the	DET
abrj-353	231	13	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
abrj-353	231	14	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	231	15	the	the	DET
abrj-353	231	16	variables	variable	NOUN
abrj-353	231	17	used	use	VERB
abrj-353	231	18	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	231	19	data	datum	NOUN
abrj-353	231	20	analysis	analysis	NOUN
abrj-353	231	21	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	231	22	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	231	23	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	231	24	findings	finding	NOUN
abrj-353	231	25	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	232	1	4.1	4.1	NUM
abrj-353	232	2	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	232	3	descriptive	descriptive	ADJ
abrj-353	232	4	statistics	statistic	NOUN
abrj-353	232	5	statistical	statistical	ADJ
abrj-353	232	6	features	feature	NOUN
abrj-353	232	7	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	232	8	each	each	DET
abrj-353	232	9	variable	variable	NOUN
abrj-353	232	10	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	232	11	along	along	ADP
abrj-353	232	12	with	with	ADP
abrj-353	232	13	information	information	NOUN
abrj-353	232	14	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	232	15	their	their	PRON
abrj-353	232	16	distribution	distribution	NOUN
abrj-353	232	17	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	232	18	properties	property	NOUN
abrj-353	232	19	across	across	ADP
abrj-353	232	20	datasets	dataset	NOUN
abrj-353	232	21	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	232	22	are	be	AUX
abrj-353	232	23	included	include	VERB
abrj-353	232	24	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	232	25	table	table	NOUN
abrj-353	232	26	2	2	NUM
abrj-353	232	27	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	232	28	bi	bi	NOUN
abrj-353	232	29	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	232	30	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	232	31	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	232	32	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	232	33	has	have	VERB
abrj-353	232	34	a	a	DET
abrj-353	232	35	mean	mean	NOUN
abrj-353	232	36	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	232	37	1.237	1.237	NUM
abrj-353	232	38	indicating	indicate	VERB
abrj-353	232	39	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	232	40	real	real	ADJ
abrj-353	232	41	spending	spending	NOUN
abrj-353	232	42	exceeds	exceed	VERB
abrj-353	232	43	the	the	DET
abrj-353	232	44	anticipated	anticipated	ADJ
abrj-353	232	45	revenue	revenue	NOUN
abrj-353	232	46	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	233	1	bi	bi	ADJ
abrj-353	233	2	value	value	NOUN
abrj-353	233	3	ranges	range	VERB
abrj-353	233	4	from	from	ADP
abrj-353	233	5	0.456	0.456	NUM
abrj-353	233	6	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	233	7	2.446	2.446	NUM
abrj-353	233	8	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	233	9	revealing	reveal	VERB
abrj-353	233	10	significant	significant	ADJ
abrj-353	233	11	variation	variation	NOUN
abrj-353	233	12	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	233	13	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	233	14	execution	execution	NOUN
abrj-353	233	15	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
abrj-353	233	16	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	234	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	234	2	standard	standard	ADJ
abrj-353	234	3	deviation	deviation	NOUN
abrj-353	234	4	is	be	AUX
abrj-353	234	5	0.50	0.50	NUM
abrj-353	234	6	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	234	7	indicating	indicate	VERB
abrj-353	234	8	a	a	DET
abrj-353	234	9	moderate	moderate	ADJ
abrj-353	234	10	variability	variability	NOUN
abrj-353	234	11	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	234	12	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	234	13	execution	execution	NOUN
abrj-353	234	14	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	235	1	also	also	ADV
abrj-353	235	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	235	3	the	the	DET
abrj-353	235	4	skewness	skewness	NOUN
abrj-353	235	5	is	be	AUX
abrj-353	235	6	slightly	slightly	ADV
abrj-353	235	7	right	right	ADJ
abrj-353	235	8	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	235	9	skewed	skewed	ADJ
abrj-353	235	10	at	at	ADP
abrj-353	235	11	0.67	0.67	NUM
abrj-353	235	12	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	235	13	while	while	SCONJ
abrj-353	235	14	the	the	DET
abrj-353	235	15	kurtosis	kurtosis	NOUN
abrj-353	235	16	is	be	AUX
abrj-353	235	17	3.23	3.23	NUM
abrj-353	235	18	indicating	indicate	VERB
abrj-353	235	19	a	a	DET
abrj-353	235	20	close	close	VERB
abrj-353	235	21	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	235	22	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	235	23	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	235	24	normal	normal	ADJ
abrj-353	235	25	distribution	distribution	NOUN
abrj-353	235	26	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	236	1	likewise	likewise	ADV
abrj-353	236	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	236	3	the	the	DET
abrj-353	236	4	foreign	foreign	ADJ
abrj-353	236	5	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	236	6	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	236	7	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	236	8	fexr	fexr	ADJ
abrj-353	236	9	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	236	10	statistics	statistic	NOUN
abrj-353	236	11	show	show	VERB
abrj-353	236	12	substantial	substantial	ADJ
abrj-353	236	13	variability	variability	NOUN
abrj-353	236	14	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	236	15	with	with	ADP
abrj-353	236	16	a	a	DET
abrj-353	236	17	mean	mean	NOUN
abrj-353	236	18	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	236	19	340.30	340.30	NUM
abrj-353	236	20	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	236	21	a	a	DET
abrj-353	236	22	huge	huge	ADJ
abrj-353	236	23	standard	standard	ADJ
abrj-353	236	24	deviation	deviation	NOUN
abrj-353	236	25	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	236	26	340.49	340.49	NUM
abrj-353	236	27	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	237	1	this	this	PRON
abrj-353	237	2	implies	imply	VERB
abrj-353	237	3	a	a	DET
abrj-353	237	4	highly	highly	ADV
abrj-353	237	5	volatile	volatile	ADJ
abrj-353	237	6	or	or	CCONJ
abrj-353	237	7	depreciating	depreciate	VERB
abrj-353	237	8	currency	currency	NOUN
abrj-353	237	9	era	era	NOUN
abrj-353	237	10	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	238	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	238	2	lowest	low	ADJ
abrj-353	238	3	value	value	NOUN
abrj-353	238	4	is	be	AUX
abrj-353	238	5	approximately	approximately	ADV
abrj-353	238	6	118.57	118.57	NUM
abrj-353	238	7	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	238	8	while	while	SCONJ
abrj-353	238	9	the	the	DET
abrj-353	238	10	highest	high	ADJ
abrj-353	238	11	value	value	NOUN
abrj-353	238	12	is	be	AUX
abrj-353	238	13	1550.70	1550.70	NUM
abrj-353	238	14	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	239	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	239	2	skewness	skewness	NOUN
abrj-353	239	3	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	239	4	2.85	2.85	NUM
abrj-353	239	5	implies	imply	VERB
abrj-353	239	6	a	a	DET
abrj-353	239	7	highly	highly	ADV
abrj-353	239	8	right	right	ADJ
abrj-353	239	9	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	239	10	skewed	skewed	ADJ
abrj-353	239	11	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	240	1	this	this	PRON
abrj-353	240	2	indicates	indicate	VERB
abrj-353	240	3	currency	currency	NOUN
abrj-353	240	4	depreciation	depreciation	NOUN
abrj-353	240	5	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	241	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	241	2	kurtosis	kurtosis	NOUN
abrj-353	241	3	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	241	4	10.69	10.69	NUM
abrj-353	241	5	is	be	AUX
abrj-353	241	6	high	high	ADJ
abrj-353	241	7	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	242	1	this	this	PRON
abrj-353	242	2	means	mean	VERB
abrj-353	242	3	the	the	DET
abrj-353	242	4	presence	presence	NOUN
abrj-353	242	5	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	242	6	extreme	extreme	ADJ
abrj-353	242	7	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	242	8	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	242	9	fluctuations	fluctuation	NOUN
abrj-353	242	10	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	243	1	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	243	2	the	the	DET
abrj-353	243	3	same	same	ADJ
abrj-353	243	4	vein	vein	NOUN
abrj-353	243	5	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	243	6	the	the	DET
abrj-353	243	7	sample	sample	NOUN
abrj-353	243	8	's	's	PART
abrj-353	243	9	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	243	10	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	243	11	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	243	12	infr	infr	PROPN
abrj-353	243	13	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	243	14	ranges	range	VERB
abrj-353	243	15	from	from	ADP
abrj-353	243	16	roughly	roughly	ADV
abrj-353	243	17	8.05	8.05	NUM
abrj-353	243	18	%	%	NOUN
abrj-353	243	19	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	243	20	34.8	34.8	NUM
abrj-353	243	21	%	%	NOUN
abrj-353	243	22	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	243	23	with	with	ADP
abrj-353	243	24	an	an	DET
abrj-353	243	25	average	average	NOUN
abrj-353	243	26	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	243	27	14.74	14.74	NUM
abrj-353	243	28	%	%	NOUN
abrj-353	243	29	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	244	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	244	2	substantial	substantial	ADJ
abrj-353	244	3	dispersion	dispersion	NOUN
abrj-353	244	4	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	244	5	high	high	ADJ
abrj-353	244	6	average	average	NOUN
abrj-353	244	7	indicate	indicate	VERB
abrj-353	244	8	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	244	9	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	244	10	is	be	AUX
abrj-353	244	11	a	a	DET
abrj-353	244	12	major	major	ADJ
abrj-353	244	13	concern	concern	NOUN
abrj-353	244	14	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	244	15	a	a	DET
abrj-353	244	16	possible	possible	ADJ
abrj-353	244	17	risk	risk	NOUN
abrj-353	244	18	factor	factor	NOUN
abrj-353	244	19	influencing	influence	VERB
abrj-353	244	20	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	244	21	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	244	22	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	245	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	245	2	standard	standard	ADJ
abrj-353	245	3	deviation	deviation	NOUN
abrj-353	245	4	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	245	5	6.62	6.62	NUM
abrj-353	245	6	implies	imply	VERB
abrj-353	245	7	substantial	substantial	ADJ
abrj-353	245	8	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	245	9	volatility	volatility	NOUN
abrj-353	245	10	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	246	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	246	2	skewness	skewness	NOUN
abrj-353	246	3	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	246	4	1.82	1.82	NUM
abrj-353	246	5	indicates	indicate	VERB
abrj-353	246	6	a	a	DET
abrj-353	246	7	right	right	ADV
abrj-353	246	8	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	246	9	skewed	skewed	ADJ
abrj-353	246	10	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	246	11	with	with	ADP
abrj-353	246	12	higher	high	ADJ
abrj-353	246	13	extreme	extreme	ADJ
abrj-353	246	14	values	value	NOUN
abrj-353	246	15	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	247	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	247	2	kurtosis	kurtosis	NOUN
abrj-353	247	3	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	247	4	6.12	6.12	NUM
abrj-353	247	5	implies	imply	VERB
abrj-353	247	6	a	a	DET
abrj-353	247	7	fat	fat	NOUN
abrj-353	247	8	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	247	9	tailed	tail	VERB
abrj-353	247	10	with	with	ADP
abrj-353	247	11	periods	period	NOUN
abrj-353	247	12	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	247	13	very	very	ADV
abrj-353	247	14	high	high	ADJ
abrj-353	247	15	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	247	16	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	248	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
abrj-353	248	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	248	3	the	the	DET
abrj-353	248	4	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	248	5	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	248	6	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	248	7	intr	intr	PROPN
abrj-353	248	8	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	248	9	statistics	statistic	NOUN
abrj-353	248	10	show	show	VERB
abrj-353	248	11	a	a	DET
abrj-353	248	12	minimum	minimum	NOUN
abrj-353	248	13	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	248	14	6	6	NUM
abrj-353	248	15	%	%	NOUN
abrj-353	248	16	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	248	17	a	a	DET
abrj-353	248	18	maximum	maximum	NOUN
abrj-353	248	19	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	248	20	27.5	27.5	NUM
abrj-353	248	21	%	%	NOUN
abrj-353	248	22	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	248	23	a	a	DET
abrj-353	248	24	mean	mean	ADJ
abrj-353	248	25	value	value	NOUN
abrj-353	248	26	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	248	27	13.12	13.12	NUM
abrj-353	248	28	%	%	NOUN
abrj-353	248	29	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	249	1	this	this	DET
abrj-353	249	2	variation	variation	NOUN
abrj-353	249	3	suggests	suggest	VERB
abrj-353	249	4	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	249	5	borrowing	borrow	VERB
abrj-353	249	6	terms	term	NOUN
abrj-353	249	7	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	249	8	risk	risk	NOUN
abrj-353	249	9	premiums	premium	NOUN
abrj-353	249	10	varied	varied	ADJ
abrj-353	249	11	during	during	ADP
abrj-353	249	12	the	the	DET
abrj-353	249	13	observations	observation	NOUN
abrj-353	249	14	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	250	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	250	2	skewness	skewness	NOUN
abrj-353	250	3	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	250	4	1.35	1.35	NUM
abrj-353	250	5	indicates	indicate	VERB
abrj-353	250	6	a	a	DET
abrj-353	250	7	right	right	ADJ
abrj-353	250	8	skew	skew	NOUN
abrj-353	250	9	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	251	1	this	this	PRON
abrj-353	251	2	implies	imply	VERB
abrj-353	251	3	periods	period	NOUN
abrj-353	251	4	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	251	5	high	high	ADJ
abrj-353	251	6	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	251	7	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	251	8	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	252	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	252	2	kurtosis	kurtosis	NOUN
abrj-353	252	3	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	252	4	5.84	5.84	NUM
abrj-353	252	5	connotes	connote	VERB
abrj-353	252	6	a	a	DET
abrj-353	252	7	fat	fat	ADJ
abrj-353	252	8	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	252	9	tailed	tail	VERB
abrj-353	252	10	distribution	distribution	NOUN
abrj-353	252	11	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	253	1	this	this	PRON
abrj-353	253	2	suggests	suggest	VERB
abrj-353	253	3	extreme	extreme	ADJ
abrj-353	253	4	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	253	5	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	253	6	variations	variation	NOUN
abrj-353	253	7	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	254	1	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	254	2	the	the	DET
abrj-353	254	3	other	other	ADJ
abrj-353	254	4	hand	hand	NOUN
abrj-353	254	5	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	254	6	with	with	ADP
abrj-353	254	7	a	a	DET
abrj-353	254	8	mean	mean	NOUN
abrj-353	254	9	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	254	10	25.65	25.65	NUM
abrj-353	254	11	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	254	12	a	a	DET
abrj-353	254	13	scale	scale	NOUN
abrj-353	254	14	that	that	PRON
abrj-353	254	15	ranges	range	VERB
abrj-353	254	16	from	from	ADP
abrj-353	254	17	0	0	NUM
abrj-353	254	18	to	to	PART
abrj-353	254	19	100	100	NUM
abrj-353	254	20	basis	basis	NOUN
abrj-353	254	21	points	point	NOUN
abrj-353	254	22	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	254	23	this	this	DET
abrj-353	254	24	index	index	NOUN
abrj-353	254	25	evaluates	evaluate	NOUN
abrj-353	254	26	perceived	perceive	VERB
abrj-353	254	27	corruption	corruption	NOUN
abrj-353	254	28	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	254	29	the	the	DET
abrj-353	254	30	public	public	ADJ
abrj-353	254	31	sector	sector	NOUN
abrj-353	254	32	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	255	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	255	2	narrow	narrow	ADJ
abrj-353	255	3	range	range	NOUN
abrj-353	255	4	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	255	5	24	24	NUM
abrj-353	255	6	to	to	PART
abrj-353	255	7	28	28	NUM
abrj-353	255	8	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	255	9	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	255	10	somewhat	somewhat	ADV
abrj-353	255	11	low	low	ADJ
abrj-353	255	12	standard	standard	ADJ
abrj-353	255	13	deviation	deviation	NOUN
abrj-353	255	14	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	255	15	1.32	1.32	NUM
abrj-353	255	16	imply	imply	NOUN
abrj-353	255	17	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	255	18	corruption	corruption	NOUN
abrj-353	255	19	levels	level	NOUN
abrj-353	255	20	are	be	AUX
abrj-353	255	21	reasonably	reasonably	ADV
abrj-353	255	22	stable	stable	ADJ
abrj-353	255	23	within	within	ADP
abrj-353	255	24	the	the	DET
abrj-353	255	25	sample	sample	NOUN
abrj-353	255	26	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	256	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	256	2	skewness	skewness	NOUN
abrj-353	256	3	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	256	4	0.18	0.18	NUM
abrj-353	256	5	indicates	indicate	VERB
abrj-353	256	6	close	close	ADV
abrj-353	256	7	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	256	8	symmetric	symmetric	ADJ
abrj-353	256	9	distribution	distribution	NOUN
abrj-353	256	10	while	while	SCONJ
abrj-353	256	11	the	the	DET
abrj-353	256	12	kurtosis	kurtosis	NOUN
abrj-353	256	13	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	256	14	1.70	1.70	NUM
abrj-353	256	15	implies	imply	VERB
abrj-353	256	16	a	a	DET
abrj-353	256	17	slightly	slightly	ADV
abrj-353	256	18	platykurtic	platykurtic	ADJ
abrj-353	256	19	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	256	20	with	with	ADP
abrj-353	256	21	few	few	ADJ
abrj-353	256	22	extreme	extreme	ADJ
abrj-353	256	23	values	value	NOUN
abrj-353	256	24	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	257	1	finally	finally	ADV
abrj-353	257	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	257	3	it	it	PRON
abrj-353	257	4	can	can	AUX
abrj-353	257	5	be	be	AUX
abrj-353	257	6	inferred	infer	VERB
abrj-353	257	7	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	257	8	the	the	DET
abrj-353	257	9	fexr	fexr	NOUN
abrj-353	257	10	is	be	AUX
abrj-353	257	11	extremely	extremely	ADV
abrj-353	257	12	volatile	volatile	ADJ
abrj-353	257	13	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	257	14	with	with	ADP
abrj-353	257	15	sharp	sharp	ADJ
abrj-353	257	16	movements	movement	NOUN
abrj-353	257	17	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	257	18	a	a	DET
abrj-353	257	19	substantial	substantial	ADJ
abrj-353	257	20	right	right	ADJ
abrj-353	257	21	skewness	skewness	NOUN
abrj-353	257	22	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	257	23	indicating	indicate	VERB
abrj-353	257	24	periods	period	NOUN
abrj-353	257	25	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	257	26	rapid	rapid	ADJ
abrj-353	257	27	currency	currency	NOUN
abrj-353	257	28	depreciation	depreciation	NOUN
abrj-353	257	29	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	258	1	however	however	ADV
abrj-353	258	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	258	3	bi	bi	NOUN
abrj-353	258	4	has	have	VERB
abrj-353	258	5	a	a	DET
abrj-353	258	6	generally	generally	ADV
abrj-353	258	7	stable	stable	ADJ
abrj-353	258	8	distribution	distribution	NOUN
abrj-353	258	9	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	258	10	which	which	PRON
abrj-353	258	11	means	mean	VERB
abrj-353	258	12	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	258	13	government	government	NOUN
abrj-353	258	14	expenditure	expenditure	NOUN
abrj-353	258	15	is	be	AUX
abrj-353	258	16	continuously	continuously	ADV
abrj-353	258	17	implemented	implement	VERB
abrj-353	258	18	with	with	ADP
abrj-353	258	19	minor	minor	ADJ
abrj-353	258	20	deviations	deviation	NOUN
abrj-353	258	21	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	259	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	259	2	corruption	corruption	NOUN
abrj-353	259	3	index	index	NOUN
abrj-353	259	4	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	259	5	cinr	cinr	PROPN
abrj-353	259	6	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	259	7	is	be	AUX
abrj-353	259	8	generally	generally	ADV
abrj-353	259	9	steady	steady	ADJ
abrj-353	259	10	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	259	11	but	but	CCONJ
abrj-353	259	12	its	its	PRON
abrj-353	259	13	low	low	ADJ
abrj-353	259	14	mean	mean	NOUN
abrj-353	259	15	value	value	NOUN
abrj-353	259	16	indicates	indicate	VERB
abrj-353	259	17	considerable	considerable	ADJ
abrj-353	259	18	concerns	concern	NOUN
abrj-353	259	19	about	about	ADP
abrj-353	259	20	corruption	corruption	NOUN
abrj-353	259	21	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	260	1	table	table	NOUN
abrj-353	260	2	2	2	NUM
abrj-353	260	3	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	260	4	descriptive	descriptive	ADJ
abrj-353	260	5	statistics	statistic	NOUN
abrj-353	260	6	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	261	1	variable	variable	ADJ
abrj-353	261	2	obs	obs	PROPN
abrj-353	261	3	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	262	1	mean	mean	VERB
abrj-353	262	2	std	std	PROPN
abrj-353	262	3	.	.	PROPN
abrj-353	263	1	dev	dev	PROPN
abrj-353	263	2	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	263	3	min	min	PROPN
abrj-353	263	4	.	.	PROPN
abrj-353	263	5	max	max	PROPN
abrj-353	263	6	.	.	PROPN
abrj-353	264	1	skewness	skewness	PROPN
abrj-353	264	2	kurtosis	kurtosis	VERB
abrj-353	264	3	bi	bi	NOUN
abrj-353	264	4	17	17	NUM
abrj-353	264	5	1.24	1.24	NUM
abrj-353	264	6	0.50	0.50	NUM
abrj-353	264	7	0.46	0.46	NUM
abrj-353	264	8	2.45	2.45	NUM
abrj-353	264	9	0.67	0.67	NUM
abrj-353	264	10	3.23	3.23	NUM
abrj-353	264	11	fexr	fexr	ADJ
abrj-353	264	12	17	17	NUM
abrj-353	264	13	340.30	340.30	NUM
abrj-353	264	14	340.49	340.49	NUM
abrj-353	264	15	118.57	118.57	NUM
abrj-353	264	16	1550.70	1550.70	NUM
abrj-353	264	17	2.85	2.85	NUM
abrj-353	264	18	10.69	10.69	NUM
abrj-353	264	19	infr	infr	ADP
abrj-353	264	20	17	17	NUM
abrj-353	264	21	14.74	14.74	NUM
abrj-353	264	22	6.62	6.62	NUM
abrj-353	264	23	8.05	8.05	NUM
abrj-353	264	24	34.80	34.80	NUM
abrj-353	264	25	1.82	1.82	NUM
abrj-353	264	26	6.12	6.12	NUM
abrj-353	264	27	intr	intr	NOUN
abrj-353	264	28	17	17	NUM
abrj-353	264	29	13.12	13.12	NUM
abrj-353	264	30	4.86	4.86	NUM
abrj-353	264	31	6.00	6.00	NUM
abrj-353	264	32	27.50	27.50	NUM
abrj-353	264	33	1.35	1.35	NUM
abrj-353	264	34	5.84	5.84	NUM
abrj-353	264	35	cinr	cinr	NOUN
abrj-353	264	36	17	17	NUM
abrj-353	264	37	25.65	25.65	NUM
abrj-353	264	38	1.32	1.32	NUM
abrj-353	264	39	24.00	24.00	NUM
abrj-353	264	40	28.00	28.00	NUM
abrj-353	264	41	0.18	0.18	NUM
abrj-353	264	42	1.70	1.70	NUM
abrj-353	264	43	note	note	NOUN
abrj-353	264	44	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	264	45	results	result	NOUN
abrj-353	264	46	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	264	47	mean	mean	ADJ
abrj-353	264	48	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	264	49	median	median	ADJ
abrj-353	264	50	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	264	51	minimum	minimum	ADJ
abrj-353	264	52	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	264	53	maximum	maximum	NOUN
abrj-353	264	54	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	264	55	each	each	DET
abrj-353	264	56	variable	variable	NOUN
abrj-353	264	57	from	from	ADP
abrj-353	264	58	analysis	analysis	NOUN
abrj-353	264	59	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	264	60	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	264	61	data	datum	NOUN
abrj-353	264	62	are	be	AUX
abrj-353	264	63	shown	show	VERB
abrj-353	264	64	above	above	ADP
abrj-353	264	65	table	table	NOUN
abrj-353	264	66	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	265	1	4.2	4.2	NUM
abrj-353	265	2	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	265	3	test	test	NOUN
abrj-353	265	4	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	265	5	variables	variable	NOUN
abrj-353	265	6	this	this	DET
abrj-353	265	7	section	section	NOUN
abrj-353	265	8	includes	include	VERB
abrj-353	265	9	essential	essential	ADJ
abrj-353	265	10	preand	preand	NOUN
abrj-353	265	11	post	post	ADJ
abrj-353	265	12	-	-	ADJ
abrj-353	265	13	estimation	estimation	ADJ
abrj-353	265	14	tests	test	NOUN
abrj-353	265	15	to	to	PART
abrj-353	265	16	ensure	ensure	VERB
abrj-353	265	17	the	the	DET
abrj-353	265	18	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	265	19	's	's	PART
abrj-353	265	20	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
abrj-353	265	21	are	be	AUX
abrj-353	265	22	relevant	relevant	ADJ
abrj-353	265	23	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	265	24	reliable	reliable	ADJ
abrj-353	265	25	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	266	1	4.2.1	4.2.1	X
abrj-353	266	2	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	267	1	pre	pre	ADJ
abrj-353	267	2	-	-	ADJ
abrj-353	267	3	estimation	estimation	ADJ
abrj-353	267	4	test	test	NOUN
abrj-353	267	5	to	to	PART
abrj-353	267	6	ensure	ensure	VERB
abrj-353	267	7	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	267	8	the	the	DET
abrj-353	267	9	assumptions	assumption	NOUN
abrj-353	267	10	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	267	11	the	the	DET
abrj-353	267	12	selected	select	VERB
abrj-353	267	13	model	model	NOUN
abrj-353	267	14	were	be	AUX
abrj-353	267	15	fulfilled	fulfil	VERB
abrj-353	267	16	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	267	17	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	267	18	there	there	PRON
abrj-353	267	19	was	be	VERB
abrj-353	267	20	enough	enough	ADJ
abrj-353	267	21	data	datum	NOUN
abrj-353	267	22	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	267	23	analysis	analysis	NOUN
abrj-353	267	24	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	267	25	the	the	DET
abrj-353	267	26	following	follow	VERB
abrj-353	267	27	tests	test	NOUN
abrj-353	267	28	were	be	AUX
abrj-353	267	29	carried	carry	VERB
abrj-353	267	30	out	out	ADP
abrj-353	267	31	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	268	1	4.2.1.1	4.2.1.1	X
abrj-353	268	2	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	268	3	variables	variables	PROPN
abrj-353	268	4	’	'	PUNCT
abrj-353	268	5	stationary	stationary	ADJ
abrj-353	268	6	test	test	NOUN
abrj-353	268	7	table	table	NOUN
abrj-353	268	8	3	3	NUM
abrj-353	268	9	displays	display	VERB
abrj-353	268	10	the	the	DET
abrj-353	268	11	results	result	NOUN
abrj-353	268	12	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	268	13	the	the	DET
abrj-353	268	14	stationary	stationary	ADJ
abrj-353	268	15	test	test	NOUN
abrj-353	268	16	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	269	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	269	2	dickey	dickey	NOUN
abrj-353	269	3	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	269	4	fuller	full	ADJ
abrj-353	269	5	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	269	6	adf	adf	NOUN
abrj-353	269	7	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	269	8	tests	test	VERB
abrj-353	269	9	the	the	DET
abrj-353	269	10	presence	presence	NOUN
abrj-353	269	11	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	269	12	a	a	DET
abrj-353	269	13	unit	unit	NOUN
abrj-353	269	14	root	root	NOUN
abrj-353	269	15	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	269	16	the	the	DET
abrj-353	269	17	variables	variable	NOUN
abrj-353	269	18	under	under	ADP
abrj-353	269	19	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	269	20	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	270	1	according	accord	VERB
abrj-353	270	2	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	270	3	the	the	DET
abrj-353	270	4	null	null	ADJ
abrj-353	270	5	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
abrj-353	270	6	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	270	7	the	the	DET
abrj-353	270	8	distribution	distribution	NOUN
abrj-353	270	9	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	270	10	data	datum	NOUN
abrj-353	270	11	varies	vary	VERB
abrj-353	270	12	over	over	ADP
abrj-353	270	13	time	time	NOUN
abrj-353	270	14	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	270	15	but	but	CCONJ
abrj-353	270	16	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	270	17	the	the	DET
abrj-353	270	18	alternative	alternative	ADJ
abrj-353	270	19	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
abrj-353	270	20	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	270	21	the	the	DET
abrj-353	270	22	distribution	distribution	NOUN
abrj-353	270	23	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	270	24	data	datum	NOUN
abrj-353	270	25	remains	remain	VERB
abrj-353	270	26	constant	constant	ADJ
abrj-353	270	27	across	across	ADP
abrj-353	270	28	time	time	NOUN
abrj-353	270	29	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	271	1	if	if	SCONJ
abrj-353	271	2	the	the	DET
abrj-353	271	3	significant	significant	ADJ
abrj-353	271	4	result	result	NOUN
abrj-353	271	5	is	be	AUX
abrj-353	271	6	greater	great	ADJ
abrj-353	271	7	than	than	ADP
abrj-353	271	8	0.05	0.05	NUM
abrj-353	271	9	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	271	10	the	the	DET
abrj-353	271	11	null	null	ADJ
abrj-353	271	12	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
abrj-353	271	13	is	be	AUX
abrj-353	271	14	accepted	accept	VERB
abrj-353	271	15	;	;	PUNCT
abrj-353	271	16	if	if	SCONJ
abrj-353	271	17	it	it	PRON
abrj-353	271	18	is	be	AUX
abrj-353	271	19	less	less	ADJ
abrj-353	271	20	than	than	ADP
abrj-353	271	21	0.05	0.05	NUM
abrj-353	271	22	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	271	23	it	it	PRON
abrj-353	271	24	is	be	AUX
abrj-353	271	25	rejected	reject	VERB
abrj-353	271	26	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	272	1	all	all	DET
abrj-353	272	2	variables	variable	NOUN
abrj-353	272	3	have	have	VERB
abrj-353	272	4	p	p	NOUN
abrj-353	272	5	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	272	6	values	value	NOUN
abrj-353	272	7	greater	great	ADJ
abrj-353	272	8	than	than	ADP
abrj-353	272	9	0.05	0.05	NUM
abrj-353	272	10	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	272	11	indicating	indicate	VERB
abrj-353	272	12	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	272	13	variables	variable	NOUN
abrj-353	272	14	are	be	AUX
abrj-353	272	15	non	non	ADJ
abrj-353	272	16	-	-	ADJ
abrj-353	272	17	stationary	stationary	ADJ
abrj-353	272	18	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	273	1	accordingly	accordingly	ADV
abrj-353	273	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	273	3	log	log	VERB
abrj-353	273	4	transformation	transformation	NOUN
abrj-353	273	5	was	be	AUX
abrj-353	273	6	carried	carry	VERB
abrj-353	273	7	out	out	ADP
abrj-353	273	8	among	among	ADP
abrj-353	273	9	the	the	DET
abrj-353	273	10	variables	variable	NOUN
abrj-353	273	11	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	273	12	the	the	DET
abrj-353	273	13	p	p	NOUN
abrj-353	273	14	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	273	15	values	value	NOUN
abrj-353	273	16	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	273	17	bi	bi	NOUN
abrj-353	273	18	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	273	19	fexr	fexr	PROPN
abrj-353	273	20	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	273	21	infr	infr	PROPN
abrj-353	273	22	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	273	23	intr	intr	NOUN
abrj-353	273	24	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	273	25	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	273	26	cinr	cinr	PROPN
abrj-353	273	27	were	be	AUX
abrj-353	273	28	0.0017	0.0017	NUM
abrj-353	273	29	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	273	30	0.0000	0.0000	NUM
abrj-353	273	31	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	273	32	0.0392	0.0392	NUM
abrj-353	273	33	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	273	34	0.0072	0.0072	NUM
abrj-353	273	35	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	273	36	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	273	37	0.0000	0.0000	NUM
abrj-353	273	38	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	273	39	respectively	respectively	ADV
abrj-353	273	40	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	274	1	this	this	PRON
abrj-353	274	2	implies	imply	VERB
abrj-353	274	3	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	274	4	all	all	DET
abrj-353	274	5	variables	variable	NOUN
abrj-353	274	6	were	be	AUX
abrj-353	274	7	stationary	stationary	ADJ
abrj-353	274	8	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	275	1	despite	despite	SCONJ
abrj-353	275	2	this	this	PRON
abrj-353	275	3	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	275	4	variables	variable	NOUN
abrj-353	275	5	were	be	AUX
abrj-353	275	6	checked	check	VERB
abrj-353	275	7	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	275	8	cointegration	cointegration	NOUN
abrj-353	275	9	using	use	VERB
abrj-353	275	10	the	the	DET
abrj-353	275	11	engle	engle	NOUN
abrj-353	275	12	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	275	13	granger	granger	PROPN
abrj-353	275	14	cointegration	cointegration	PROPN
abrj-353	275	15	test	test	NOUN
abrj-353	275	16	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	276	1	as	as	SCONJ
abrj-353	276	2	shown	show	VERB
abrj-353	276	3	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	276	4	table	table	NOUN
abrj-353	276	5	3	3	NUM
abrj-353	276	6	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	276	7	the	the	DET
abrj-353	276	8	test	test	NOUN
abrj-353	276	9	statistics	statistic	NOUN
abrj-353	276	10	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	276	11	the	the	DET
abrj-353	276	12	model	model	NOUN
abrj-353	276	13	was	be	AUX
abrj-353	276	14	-4.209	-4.209	NOUN
abrj-353	276	15	with	with	ADP
abrj-353	276	16	a	a	DET
abrj-353	276	17	p	p	NOUN
abrj-353	276	18	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	276	19	value	value	NOUN
abrj-353	276	20	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	276	21	0.0006	0.0006	NUM
abrj-353	276	22	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	277	1	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	277	2	this	this	DET
abrj-353	277	3	regard	regard	NOUN
abrj-353	277	4	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	277	5	the	the	DET
abrj-353	277	6	null	null	ADJ
abrj-353	277	7	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
abrj-353	277	8	is	be	AUX
abrj-353	277	9	rejected	reject	VERB
abrj-353	277	10	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	278	1	this	this	PRON
abrj-353	278	2	indicates	indicate	VERB
abrj-353	278	3	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	278	4	the	the	DET
abrj-353	278	5	cointegration	cointegration	NOUN
abrj-353	278	6	regression	regression	NOUN
abrj-353	278	7	's	's	PART
abrj-353	278	8	residuals	residual	NOUN
abrj-353	278	9	are	be	AUX
abrj-353	278	10	stationary	stationary	ADJ
abrj-353	278	11	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	279	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	279	2	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	279	3	shows	show	VERB
abrj-353	279	4	cointegration	cointegration	NOUN
abrj-353	279	5	with	with	ADP
abrj-353	279	6	stationary	stationary	ADJ
abrj-353	279	7	residuals	residual	NOUN
abrj-353	279	8	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	279	9	indicating	indicate	VERB
abrj-353	279	10	a	a	DET
abrj-353	279	11	long	long	ADJ
abrj-353	279	12	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	279	13	term	term	NOUN
abrj-353	279	14	equilibrium	equilibrium	NOUN
abrj-353	279	15	relationship	relationship	NOUN
abrj-353	279	16	between	between	ADP
abrj-353	279	17	variables	variable	NOUN
abrj-353	279	18	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	279	19	despite	despite	SCONJ
abrj-353	279	20	individual	individual	ADJ
abrj-353	279	21	variables	variable	NOUN
abrj-353	279	22	being	be	AUX
abrj-353	279	23	stationary	stationary	ADJ
abrj-353	279	24	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	280	1	also	also	ADV
abrj-353	280	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	280	3	selection	selection	NOUN
abrj-353	280	4	order	order	NOUN
abrj-353	280	5	criteria	criterion	NOUN
abrj-353	280	6	were	be	AUX
abrj-353	280	7	determined	determine	VERB
abrj-353	280	8	using	use	VERB
abrj-353	280	9	the	the	DET
abrj-353	280	10	akaike	akaike	ADJ
abrj-353	280	11	information	information	NOUN
abrj-353	280	12	criterion	criterion	NOUN
abrj-353	280	13	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	280	14	schwarz	schwarz	NOUN
abrj-353	280	15	-	-	NOUN
abrj-353	280	16	bayesian	bayesian	NOUN
abrj-353	280	17	criterion	criterion	NOUN
abrj-353	280	18	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	281	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	281	2	result	result	NOUN
abrj-353	281	3	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	281	4	sbic	sbic	ADJ
abrj-353	281	5	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	281	6	schwarz	schwarz	NOUN
abrj-353	281	7	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	281	8	bayesian	bayesian	NOUN
abrj-353	281	9	criterion	criterion	NOUN
abrj-353	281	10	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	281	11	was	be	AUX
abrj-353	281	12	-417.838	-417.838	NUM
abrj-353	281	13	at	at	ADP
abrj-353	281	14	lag	lag	NOUN
abrj-353	281	15	4	4	NUM
abrj-353	281	16	while	while	SCONJ
abrj-353	281	17	the	the	DET
abrj-353	281	18	result	result	NOUN
abrj-353	281	19	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	281	20	akaike	akaike	ADJ
abrj-353	281	21	criterion	criterion	NOUN
abrj-353	281	22	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	281	23	aic	aic	PROPN
abrj-353	281	24	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	281	25	was	be	AUX
abrj-353	281	26	-421.227	-421.227	NUM
abrj-353	281	27	at	at	ADP
abrj-353	281	28	lag	lag	NOUN
abrj-353	281	29	4	4	NUM
abrj-353	281	30	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	282	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	282	2	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	282	3	chooses	choose	VERB
abrj-353	282	4	lag	lag	VERB
abrj-353	282	5	4	4	NUM
abrj-353	282	6	as	as	ADP
abrj-353	282	7	the	the	DET
abrj-353	282	8	optimal	optimal	ADJ
abrj-353	282	9	lag	lag	NOUN
abrj-353	282	10	selection	selection	NOUN
abrj-353	282	11	since	since	SCONJ
abrj-353	282	12	it	it	PRON
abrj-353	282	13	has	have	VERB
abrj-353	282	14	the	the	DET
abrj-353	282	15	lowest	low	ADJ
abrj-353	282	16	value	value	NOUN
abrj-353	282	17	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	283	1	asian	asian	ADJ
abrj-353	283	2	business	business	PROPN
abrj-353	283	3	research	research	NOUN
abrj-353	283	4	journal	journal	NOUN
abrj-353	283	5	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	283	6	2025	2025	NUM
abrj-353	283	7	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	283	8	10(4	10(4	NUM
abrj-353	283	9	):	):	PUNCT
abrj-353	283	10	7	7	NUM
abrj-353	283	11	-	-	SYM
abrj-353	283	12	19	19	NUM
abrj-353	283	13	14	14	NUM
abrj-353	283	14	©	©	PROPN
abrj-353	283	15	2025	2025	NUM
abrj-353	283	16	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	283	17	the	the	DET
abrj-353	283	18	authors	author	NOUN
abrj-353	283	19	;	;	PUNCT
abrj-353	283	20	licensee	licensee	NOUN
abrj-353	283	21	eastern	eastern	ADJ
abrj-353	283	22	centre	centre	NOUN
abrj-353	283	23	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	283	24	science	science	NOUN
abrj-353	283	25	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	283	26	education	education	NOUN
abrj-353	283	27	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	283	28	usa	usa	PROPN
abrj-353	283	29	table	table	NOUN
abrj-353	283	30	3	3	NUM
abrj-353	283	31	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	283	32	stationary	stationary	ADJ
abrj-353	283	33	test	test	NOUN
abrj-353	283	34	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	284	1	variable	variable	ADJ
abrj-353	284	2	dickey	dickey	PROPN
abrj-353	284	3	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	284	4	fuller	full	ADJ
abrj-353	284	5	lag	lag	NOUN
abrj-353	284	6	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	284	7	0	0	NUM
abrj-353	284	8	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	284	9	dickey	dickey	NOUN
abrj-353	284	10	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	284	11	fuller	full	ADJ
abrj-353	284	12	lag	lag	NOUN
abrj-353	284	13	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	284	14	0	0	NUM
abrj-353	284	15	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	284	16	after	after	ADP
abrj-353	284	17	transformation	transformation	NOUN
abrj-353	284	18	z	z	NOUN
abrj-353	284	19	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	284	20	value	value	NOUN
abrj-353	284	21	p	p	NOUN
abrj-353	284	22	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	284	23	value	value	NOUN
abrj-353	284	24	z	z	NOUN
abrj-353	284	25	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	284	26	value	value	NOUN
abrj-353	284	27	p	p	NOUN
abrj-353	284	28	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	284	29	value	value	NOUN
abrj-353	284	30	bi	bi	NOUN
abrj-353	284	31	-0.87	-0.87	NUM
abrj-353	284	32	0.7969	0.7969	NUM
abrj-353	284	33	-3.955	-3.955	NOUN
abrj-353	284	34	0.0017	0.0017	NUM
abrj-353	284	35	fexr	fexr	ADJ
abrj-353	284	36	4.63	4.63	NUM
abrj-353	284	37	1.0000	1.0000	NUM
abrj-353	284	38	-5.972	-5.972	NOUN
abrj-353	284	39	0.0000	0.0000	NUM
abrj-353	284	40	infr	infr	VERB
abrj-353	284	41	1.68	1.68	NUM
abrj-353	284	42	0.9981	0.9981	NUM
abrj-353	284	43	-2.956	-2.956	PUNCT
abrj-353	284	44	0.0392	0.0392	NUM
abrj-353	284	45	intr	intr	NOUN
abrj-353	284	46	0.63	0.63	NUM
abrj-353	284	47	0.9884	0.9884	NUM
abrj-353	284	48	-3.531	-3.531	PUNCT
abrj-353	284	49	0.0072	0.0072	NUM
abrj-353	284	50	cinr	cinr	NOUN
abrj-353	284	51	-2.55	-2.55	NUM
abrj-353	284	52	0.1036	0.1036	NUM
abrj-353	284	53	-5.513	-5.513	NUM
abrj-353	284	54	0.0000	0.0000	NUM
abrj-353	284	55	engle	engle	NOUN
abrj-353	284	56	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	284	57	granger	granger	PROPN
abrj-353	284	58	cointegration	cointegration	PROPN
abrj-353	284	59	test	test	NOUN
abrj-353	284	60	-4.209	-4.209	PUNCT
abrj-353	284	61	0.0006	0.0006	NUM
abrj-353	284	62	akaike	akaike	ADJ
abrj-353	284	63	information	information	NOUN
abrj-353	284	64	criterion	criterion	NOUN
abrj-353	284	65	-417.838	-417.838	NUM
abrj-353	284	66	schwarz	schwarz	NOUN
abrj-353	284	67	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	284	68	bayesian	bayesian	ADJ
abrj-353	284	69	criterion	criterion	NOUN
abrj-353	284	70	-421.227	-421.227	PROPN
abrj-353	284	71	table	table	NOUN
abrj-353	284	72	3	3	NUM
abrj-353	284	73	shows	show	VERB
abrj-353	284	74	the	the	DET
abrj-353	284	75	estimated	estimate	VERB
abrj-353	284	76	coefficients	coefficient	NOUN
abrj-353	284	77	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	284	78	different	different	ADJ
abrj-353	284	79	stationary	stationary	ADJ
abrj-353	284	80	tests	test	NOUN
abrj-353	284	81	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	284	82	the	the	DET
abrj-353	284	83	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	284	84	’s	’s	PART
abrj-353	284	85	variables	variable	NOUN
abrj-353	284	86	4.2.1.2	4.2.1.2	NUM
abrj-353	284	87	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	284	88	multicollinearity	multicollinearity	NOUN
abrj-353	284	89	variance	variance	NOUN
abrj-353	284	90	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	284	91	factor	factor	NOUN
abrj-353	284	92	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	284	93	vif	vif	NOUN
abrj-353	284	94	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	284	95	analysis	analysis	NOUN
abrj-353	284	96	is	be	AUX
abrj-353	284	97	shown	show	VERB
abrj-353	284	98	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	284	99	table	table	NOUN
abrj-353	284	100	4	4	NUM
abrj-353	284	101	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	285	1	fexr	fexr	PROPN
abrj-353	285	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	285	3	infr	infr	PROPN
abrj-353	285	4	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	285	5	intr	intr	PROPN
abrj-353	285	6	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	285	7	cinr	cinr	PROPN
abrj-353	285	8	have	have	VERB
abrj-353	285	9	1.27	1.27	NUM
abrj-353	285	10	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	285	11	1.24	1.24	NUM
abrj-353	285	12	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	285	13	1.29	1.29	NUM
abrj-353	285	14	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	285	15	1.29	1.29	NUM
abrj-353	285	16	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	285	17	respectively	respectively	ADV
abrj-353	285	18	as	as	ADP
abrj-353	285	19	vif	vif	PROPN
abrj-353	285	20	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	286	1	these	these	PRON
abrj-353	286	2	imply	imply	VERB
abrj-353	286	3	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	286	4	there	there	PRON
abrj-353	286	5	exists	exist	VERB
abrj-353	286	6	no	no	DET
abrj-353	286	7	multicollinearity	multicollinearity	NOUN
abrj-353	286	8	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	287	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	287	2	mean	mean	ADJ
abrj-353	287	3	vif	vif	NOUN
abrj-353	287	4	factor	factor	NOUN
abrj-353	287	5	is	be	AUX
abrj-353	287	6	1.35	1.35	NUM
abrj-353	287	7	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	287	8	indicating	indicate	VERB
abrj-353	287	9	the	the	DET
abrj-353	287	10	absence	absence	NOUN
abrj-353	287	11	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	287	12	multicollinearity	multicollinearity	NOUN
abrj-353	287	13	among	among	ADP
abrj-353	287	14	the	the	DET
abrj-353	287	15	variables	variable	NOUN
abrj-353	287	16	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	288	1	table	table	NOUN
abrj-353	288	2	4	4	NUM
abrj-353	288	3	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	288	4	variance	variance	NOUN
abrj-353	288	5	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	288	6	factor	factor	NOUN
abrj-353	288	7	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	289	1	variable	variable	ADJ
abrj-353	289	2	vif	vif	NOUN
abrj-353	289	3	1	1	NUM
abrj-353	289	4	/	/	SYM
abrj-353	289	5	vif	vif	NOUN
abrj-353	289	6	cinr	cinr	NOUN
abrj-353	289	7	1.61	1.61	NUM
abrj-353	289	8	0.621874	0.621874	NUM
abrj-353	289	9	infr	infr	ADP
abrj-353	289	10	1.29	1.29	NUM
abrj-353	289	11	0.773040	0.773040	NUM
abrj-353	289	12	fexr	fexr	ADJ
abrj-353	289	13	1.27	1.27	NUM
abrj-353	289	14	0.786158	0.786158	NUM
abrj-353	289	15	intr	intr	VERB
abrj-353	289	16	1.24	1.24	NUM
abrj-353	289	17	0.808915	0.808915	NUM
abrj-353	289	18	mean	mean	NOUN
abrj-353	289	19	vif	vif	NOUN
abrj-353	289	20	1.35	1.35	NUM
abrj-353	289	21	note	note	NOUN
abrj-353	289	22	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	289	23	results	result	NOUN
abrj-353	289	24	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	289	25	a	a	DET
abrj-353	289	26	test	test	NOUN
abrj-353	289	27	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	289	28	multicollinearity	multicollinearity	NOUN
abrj-353	289	29	relationships	relationship	NOUN
abrj-353	289	30	amongst	amongst	ADP
abrj-353	289	31	variables	variable	NOUN
abrj-353	289	32	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	289	33	the	the	DET
abrj-353	289	34	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	289	35	are	be	AUX
abrj-353	289	36	shown	show	VERB
abrj-353	289	37	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	289	38	the	the	DET
abrj-353	289	39	above	above	ADJ
abrj-353	289	40	table	table	NOUN
abrj-353	289	41	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	290	1	4.2.1.3	4.2.1.3	X
abrj-353	290	2	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	290	3	correlation	correlation	NOUN
abrj-353	290	4	analysis	analysis	NOUN
abrj-353	290	5	table	table	NOUN
abrj-353	290	6	5	5	NUM
abrj-353	290	7	presents	present	NOUN
abrj-353	290	8	pairwise	pairwise	NOUN
abrj-353	290	9	correlation	correlation	NOUN
abrj-353	290	10	coefficients	coefficient	NOUN
abrj-353	290	11	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	290	12	test	test	NOUN
abrj-353	290	13	results	result	NOUN
abrj-353	290	14	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	290	15	independent	independent	ADJ
abrj-353	290	16	variables	variable	NOUN
abrj-353	290	17	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	291	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	291	2	test	test	NOUN
abrj-353	291	3	results	result	NOUN
abrj-353	291	4	revealed	reveal	VERB
abrj-353	291	5	the	the	DET
abrj-353	291	6	correlation	correlation	NOUN
abrj-353	291	7	between	between	ADP
abrj-353	291	8	the	the	DET
abrj-353	291	9	fexr	fexr	NOUN
abrj-353	291	10	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	291	11	infr	infr	NOUN
abrj-353	291	12	is	be	AUX
abrj-353	291	13	0.2067	0.2067	NUM
abrj-353	291	14	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	291	15	p	p	X
abrj-353	291	16	=	=	NOUN
abrj-353	291	17	0.4260	0.4260	NUM
abrj-353	291	18	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	291	19	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	291	20	indicating	indicate	VERB
abrj-353	291	21	an	an	DET
abrj-353	291	22	insignificant	insignificant	ADJ
abrj-353	291	23	but	but	CCONJ
abrj-353	291	24	weak	weak	ADJ
abrj-353	291	25	relationship	relationship	NOUN
abrj-353	291	26	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	292	1	this	this	PRON
abrj-353	292	2	shows	show	VERB
abrj-353	292	3	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	292	4	there	there	PRON
abrj-353	292	5	is	be	VERB
abrj-353	292	6	little	little	ADJ
abrj-353	292	7	correlation	correlation	NOUN
abrj-353	292	8	between	between	ADP
abrj-353	292	9	these	these	DET
abrj-353	292	10	variables	variable	NOUN
abrj-353	292	11	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	293	1	also	also	ADV
abrj-353	293	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	293	3	the	the	DET
abrj-353	293	4	relationship	relationship	NOUN
abrj-353	293	5	between	between	ADP
abrj-353	293	6	fexr	fexr	ADJ
abrj-353	293	7	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	293	8	intr	intr	NOUN
abrj-353	293	9	is	be	AUX
abrj-353	293	10	0.0329	0.0329	NUM
abrj-353	293	11	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	293	12	p	p	X
abrj-353	293	13	=	=	NOUN
abrj-353	293	14	0.9003	0.9003	NUM
abrj-353	293	15	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	293	16	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	294	1	this	this	PRON
abrj-353	294	2	implies	imply	VERB
abrj-353	294	3	an	an	DET
abrj-353	294	4	insignificant	insignificant	ADJ
abrj-353	294	5	but	but	CCONJ
abrj-353	294	6	weak	weak	ADJ
abrj-353	294	7	positive	positive	ADJ
abrj-353	294	8	connection	connection	NOUN
abrj-353	294	9	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	295	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	295	2	correlation	correlation	NOUN
abrj-353	295	3	coefficient	coefficient	NOUN
abrj-353	295	4	between	between	ADP
abrj-353	295	5	infr	infr	NOUN
abrj-353	295	6	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	295	7	intr	intr	NOUN
abrj-353	295	8	is	be	AUX
abrj-353	295	9	0.0234	0.0234	NUM
abrj-353	295	10	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	295	11	p	p	X
abrj-353	295	12	=	=	NOUN
abrj-353	295	13	0.9290	0.9290	NUM
abrj-353	295	14	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	295	15	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	295	16	indicating	indicate	VERB
abrj-353	295	17	an	an	DET
abrj-353	295	18	insignificant	insignificant	ADJ
abrj-353	295	19	relationship	relationship	NOUN
abrj-353	295	20	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	296	1	there	there	PRON
abrj-353	296	2	are	be	VERB
abrj-353	296	3	no	no	DET
abrj-353	296	4	significant	significant	ADJ
abrj-353	296	5	correlations	correlation	NOUN
abrj-353	296	6	between	between	ADP
abrj-353	296	7	cinr	cinr	PROPN
abrj-353	296	8	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	296	9	other	other	ADJ
abrj-353	296	10	variables	variable	NOUN
abrj-353	296	11	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	297	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	297	2	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	297	3	concludes	conclude	VERB
abrj-353	297	4	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	297	5	there	there	PRON
abrj-353	297	6	is	be	VERB
abrj-353	297	7	no	no	DET
abrj-353	297	8	multicollinearity	multicollinearity	NOUN
abrj-353	297	9	among	among	ADP
abrj-353	297	10	variables	variable	NOUN
abrj-353	297	11	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	298	1	table	table	NOUN
abrj-353	298	2	5	5	NUM
abrj-353	298	3	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	299	1	pairwise	pairwise	NOUN
abrj-353	299	2	correlation	correlation	NOUN
abrj-353	299	3	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	300	1	fexr	fexr	ADJ
abrj-353	300	2	infr	infr	PROPN
abrj-353	300	3	intr	intr	PROPN
abrj-353	300	4	cinr	cinr	PROPN
abrj-353	301	1	fexr	fexr	PROPN
abrj-353	301	2	1.0000	1.0000	NUM
abrj-353	301	3	infr	infr	ADP
abrj-353	301	4	0.2067	0.2067	NUM
abrj-353	301	5	1.0000	1.0000	NUM
abrj-353	301	6	0.4260	0.4260	NUM
abrj-353	301	7	intr	intr	NOUN
abrj-353	301	8	0.0329	0.0329	NUM
abrj-353	301	9	0.0234	0.0234	NUM
abrj-353	301	10	1.0000	1.0000	NUM
abrj-353	301	11	0.9003	0.9003	NUM
abrj-353	301	12	0.9290	0.9290	NUM
abrj-353	301	13	cinr	cinr	NOUN
abrj-353	301	14	-0.2815	-0.2815	NOUN
abrj-353	301	15	0.3246	0.3246	NUM
abrj-353	301	16	0.3790	0.3790	NUM
abrj-353	301	17	1.0000	1.0000	NUM
abrj-353	301	18	0.2738	0.2738	NUM
abrj-353	301	19	0.2037	0.2037	NUM
abrj-353	301	20	0.1335	0.1335	NUM
abrj-353	301	21	note	note	NOUN
abrj-353	301	22	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	301	23	results	result	NOUN
abrj-353	301	24	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	301	25	a	a	DET
abrj-353	301	26	pairwise	pairwise	NOUN
abrj-353	301	27	correlation	correlation	NOUN
abrj-353	301	28	coefficient	coefficient	NOUN
abrj-353	301	29	test	test	NOUN
abrj-353	301	30	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	301	31	relationships	relationship	NOUN
abrj-353	301	32	amongst	amongst	ADP
abrj-353	301	33	variables	variable	NOUN
abrj-353	301	34	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	301	35	the	the	DET
abrj-353	301	36	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	301	37	are	be	AUX
abrj-353	301	38	shown	show	VERB
abrj-353	301	39	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	301	40	the	the	DET
abrj-353	301	41	above	above	ADJ
abrj-353	301	42	table	table	NOUN
abrj-353	301	43	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	302	1	4.2.2	4.2.2	X
abrj-353	302	2	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	303	1	post	post	ADJ
abrj-353	303	2	-	-	ADJ
abrj-353	303	3	estimation	estimation	ADJ
abrj-353	303	4	tests	test	NOUN
abrj-353	303	5	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	303	6	table	table	NOUN
abrj-353	303	7	6	6	NUM
abrj-353	303	8	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	303	9	a	a	DET
abrj-353	303	10	heteroskedasticity	heteroskedasticity	NOUN
abrj-353	303	11	test	test	NOUN
abrj-353	303	12	was	be	AUX
abrj-353	303	13	used	use	VERB
abrj-353	303	14	to	to	PART
abrj-353	303	15	determine	determine	VERB
abrj-353	303	16	the	the	DET
abrj-353	303	17	constant	constant	ADJ
abrj-353	303	18	variance	variance	NOUN
abrj-353	303	19	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	303	20	residuals	residual	NOUN
abrj-353	303	21	or	or	CCONJ
abrj-353	303	22	changes	change	NOUN
abrj-353	303	23	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	303	24	fitted	fit	VERB
abrj-353	303	25	values	value	NOUN
abrj-353	303	26	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	304	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	304	2	test	test	NOUN
abrj-353	304	3	results	result	VERB
abrj-353	304	4	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	304	5	the	the	DET
abrj-353	304	6	model	model	NOUN
abrj-353	304	7	revealed	reveal	VERB
abrj-353	304	8	a	a	DET
abrj-353	304	9	chi	chi	NOUN
abrj-353	304	10	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	304	11	square	square	NOUN
abrj-353	304	12	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	304	13	0.77	0.77	NUM
abrj-353	304	14	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	304	15	a	a	DET
abrj-353	304	16	significant	significant	ADJ
abrj-353	304	17	value	value	NOUN
abrj-353	304	18	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	304	19	0.3813	0.3813	NUM
abrj-353	304	20	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	304	21	showing	show	VERB
abrj-353	304	22	high	high	ADJ
abrj-353	304	23	evidence	evidence	NOUN
abrj-353	304	24	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	304	25	homoskedasticity	homoskedasticity	NOUN
abrj-353	304	26	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	304	27	the	the	DET
abrj-353	304	28	residuals	residual	NOUN
abrj-353	304	29	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	304	30	the	the	DET
abrj-353	304	31	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	304	32	's	's	PART
abrj-353	304	33	model	model	NOUN
abrj-353	304	34	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	305	1	similarly	similarly	ADV
abrj-353	305	2	from	from	ADP
abrj-353	305	3	table	table	NOUN
abrj-353	305	4	6	6	NUM
abrj-353	305	5	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	305	6	durbin	durbin	NOUN
abrj-353	305	7	’s	’s	PART
abrj-353	305	8	alternative	alternative	ADJ
abrj-353	305	9	test	test	NOUN
abrj-353	305	10	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	305	11	autocorrelation	autocorrelation	NOUN
abrj-353	305	12	was	be	AUX
abrj-353	305	13	used	use	VERB
abrj-353	305	14	to	to	PART
abrj-353	305	15	determine	determine	VERB
abrj-353	305	16	autocorrelation	autocorrelation	NOUN
abrj-353	305	17	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	305	18	the	the	DET
abrj-353	305	19	data	datum	NOUN
abrj-353	305	20	distribution	distribution	NOUN
abrj-353	305	21	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	306	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	306	2	chi	chi	ADJ
abrj-353	306	3	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	306	4	square	square	ADJ
abrj-353	306	5	value	value	NOUN
abrj-353	306	6	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	306	7	1.069	1.069	NUM
abrj-353	306	8	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	306	9	p	p	NOUN
abrj-353	306	10	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	306	11	value	value	NOUN
abrj-353	306	12	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	306	13	0.3012>0.05	0.3012>0.05	NOUN
abrj-353	306	14	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	306	15	the	the	DET
abrj-353	306	16	model	model	NOUN
abrj-353	306	17	implies	imply	VERB
abrj-353	306	18	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	306	19	the	the	DET
abrj-353	306	20	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	306	21	accepts	accept	VERB
abrj-353	306	22	the	the	DET
abrj-353	306	23	null	null	ADJ
abrj-353	306	24	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
abrj-353	306	25	at	at	ADP
abrj-353	306	26	the	the	DET
abrj-353	306	27	5	5	NUM
abrj-353	306	28	%	%	NOUN
abrj-353	306	29	significance	significance	NOUN
abrj-353	306	30	level	level	NOUN
abrj-353	306	31	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	307	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	307	2	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	307	3	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	307	4	therefore	therefore	ADV
abrj-353	307	5	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	307	6	concludes	conclude	VERB
abrj-353	307	7	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	307	8	the	the	DET
abrj-353	307	9	residuals	residual	NOUN
abrj-353	307	10	did	do	AUX
abrj-353	307	11	not	not	PART
abrj-353	307	12	exhibit	exhibit	VERB
abrj-353	307	13	considerable	considerable	ADJ
abrj-353	307	14	autocorrelation	autocorrelation	NOUN
abrj-353	307	15	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	307	16	indicating	indicate	VERB
abrj-353	307	17	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	307	18	errors	error	NOUN
abrj-353	307	19	are	be	AUX
abrj-353	307	20	not	not	PART
abrj-353	307	21	correlated	correlate	VERB
abrj-353	307	22	over	over	ADP
abrj-353	307	23	time	time	NOUN
abrj-353	307	24	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	308	1	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	308	2	the	the	DET
abrj-353	308	3	same	same	ADJ
abrj-353	308	4	vein	vein	NOUN
abrj-353	308	5	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	308	6	the	the	DET
abrj-353	308	7	skewness	skewness	NOUN
abrj-353	308	8	/	/	SYM
abrj-353	308	9	kurtosis	kurtosis	NOUN
abrj-353	308	10	tests	test	NOUN
abrj-353	308	11	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	308	12	normality	normality	NOUN
abrj-353	308	13	were	be	AUX
abrj-353	308	14	used	use	VERB
abrj-353	308	15	to	to	PART
abrj-353	308	16	determine	determine	VERB
abrj-353	308	17	whether	whether	SCONJ
abrj-353	308	18	the	the	DET
abrj-353	308	19	variables	variable	NOUN
abrj-353	308	20	were	be	AUX
abrj-353	308	21	normal	normal	ADJ
abrj-353	308	22	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	309	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	309	2	result	result	NOUN
abrj-353	309	3	as	as	SCONJ
abrj-353	309	4	contained	contain	VERB
abrj-353	309	5	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	309	6	table	table	NOUN
abrj-353	309	7	6	6	NUM
abrj-353	309	8	showed	show	VERB
abrj-353	309	9	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	309	10	fexr	fexr	NOUN
abrj-353	309	11	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	309	12	infr	infr	PROPN
abrj-353	309	13	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	309	14	intr	intr	NOUN
abrj-353	309	15	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	309	16	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	309	17	cinr	cinr	NOUN
abrj-353	309	18	were	be	AUX
abrj-353	309	19	normally	normally	ADV
abrj-353	309	20	distributed	distribute	VERB
abrj-353	309	21	while	while	SCONJ
abrj-353	309	22	bi	bi	NOUN
abrj-353	309	23	was	be	AUX
abrj-353	309	24	not	not	PART
abrj-353	309	25	normally	normally	ADV
abrj-353	309	26	distributed	distribute	VERB
abrj-353	309	27	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	310	1	table	table	NOUN
abrj-353	310	2	6	6	NUM
abrj-353	310	3	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	311	1	summary	summary	NOUN
abrj-353	311	2	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	311	3	post	post	ADJ
abrj-353	311	4	-	-	ADJ
abrj-353	311	5	estimation	estimation	ADJ
abrj-353	311	6	test	test	NOUN
abrj-353	311	7	results	result	NOUN
abrj-353	311	8	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	312	1	test	test	NOUN
abrj-353	312	2	f	f	X
abrj-353	312	3	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	312	4	statistic	statistic	ADJ
abrj-353	312	5	p	p	ADJ
abrj-353	312	6	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	312	7	value	value	NOUN
abrj-353	312	8	heteroskedasticity	heteroskedasticity	NOUN
abrj-353	312	9	test	test	NOUN
abrj-353	312	10	0.77	0.77	NUM
abrj-353	312	11	0.3813	0.3813	NUM
abrj-353	312	12	durbin	durbin	ADJ
abrj-353	312	13	’s	’s	PART
abrj-353	312	14	alternative	alternative	ADJ
abrj-353	312	15	test	test	NOUN
abrj-353	312	16	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	312	17	autocorrelation	autocorrelation	NOUN
abrj-353	312	18	1.069	1.069	NUM
abrj-353	312	19	0.3012	0.3012	NUM
abrj-353	312	20	skewness	skewness	NOUN
abrj-353	312	21	/	/	SYM
abrj-353	312	22	kurtosis	kurtosis	NOUN
abrj-353	312	23	tests	test	NOUN
abrj-353	312	24	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	312	25	normality	normality	NOUN
abrj-353	312	26	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	312	27	fexr	fexr	ADJ
abrj-353	312	28	0.71	0.71	NUM
abrj-353	312	29	0.7009	0.7009	NUM
abrj-353	312	30	infr	infr	ADP
abrj-353	312	31	0.41	0.41	NUM
abrj-353	312	32	0.8144	0.8144	NUM
abrj-353	312	33	intr	intr	VERB
abrj-353	312	34	4.03	4.03	NUM
abrj-353	312	35	0.1335	0.1335	NUM
abrj-353	312	36	cinr	cinr	NOUN
abrj-353	312	37	3.06	3.06	NUM
abrj-353	312	38	0.2169	0.2169	NUM
abrj-353	312	39	asian	asian	ADJ
abrj-353	312	40	business	business	NOUN
abrj-353	312	41	research	research	NOUN
abrj-353	312	42	journal	journal	NOUN
abrj-353	312	43	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	312	44	2025	2025	NUM
abrj-353	312	45	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	312	46	10(4	10(4	NUM
abrj-353	312	47	):	):	PUNCT
abrj-353	312	48	7	7	NUM
abrj-353	312	49	-	-	SYM
abrj-353	312	50	19	19	NUM
abrj-353	312	51	15	15	NUM
abrj-353	312	52	©	©	PROPN
abrj-353	312	53	2025	2025	NUM
abrj-353	312	54	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	312	55	the	the	DET
abrj-353	312	56	authors	author	NOUN
abrj-353	312	57	;	;	PUNCT
abrj-353	312	58	licensee	licensee	NOUN
abrj-353	312	59	eastern	eastern	ADJ
abrj-353	312	60	centre	centre	NOUN
abrj-353	312	61	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	312	62	science	science	NOUN
abrj-353	312	63	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	312	64	education	education	NOUN
abrj-353	312	65	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	312	66	usa	usa	PROPN
abrj-353	312	67	bi	bi	PROPN
abrj-353	312	68	9.85	9.85	NUM
abrj-353	312	69	0.0073	0.0073	NUM
abrj-353	312	70	table	table	NOUN
abrj-353	312	71	6	6	NUM
abrj-353	312	72	shows	show	VERB
abrj-353	312	73	the	the	DET
abrj-353	312	74	estimated	estimate	VERB
abrj-353	312	75	coefficients	coefficient	NOUN
abrj-353	312	76	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	312	77	f	f	PROPN
abrj-353	312	78	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	312	79	statistics	statistic	NOUN
abrj-353	312	80	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	312	81	p	p	NOUN
abrj-353	312	82	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	312	83	value	value	NOUN
abrj-353	312	84	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	312	85	the	the	DET
abrj-353	312	86	model	model	NOUN
abrj-353	312	87	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	313	1	4.3	4.3	NUM
abrj-353	313	2	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	313	3	vector	vector	NOUN
abrj-353	313	4	error	error	NOUN
abrj-353	313	5	correction	correction	NOUN
abrj-353	313	6	model	model	NOUN
abrj-353	313	7	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	313	8	vecm	vecm	NOUN
abrj-353	313	9	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	313	10	vector	vector	NOUN
abrj-353	313	11	error	error	NOUN
abrj-353	313	12	correction	correction	NOUN
abrj-353	313	13	model	model	NOUN
abrj-353	313	14	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	313	15	vecm	vecm	NOUN
abrj-353	313	16	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	313	17	was	be	AUX
abrj-353	313	18	used	use	VERB
abrj-353	313	19	to	to	PART
abrj-353	313	20	analyse	analyse	VERB
abrj-353	313	21	shortand	shortand	NOUN
abrj-353	313	22	long	long	ADJ
abrj-353	313	23	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	313	24	term	term	NOUN
abrj-353	313	25	relationships	relationship	NOUN
abrj-353	313	26	identified	identify	VERB
abrj-353	313	27	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	313	28	the	the	DET
abrj-353	313	29	engle	engle	PROPN
abrj-353	313	30	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	313	31	granger	granger	PROPN
abrj-353	313	32	cointegration	cointegration	PROPN
abrj-353	313	33	test	test	NOUN
abrj-353	313	34	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	314	1	r	r	X
abrj-353	314	2	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	314	3	square	square	ADJ
abrj-353	314	4	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	314	5	p	p	NOUN
abrj-353	314	6	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	314	7	value	value	NOUN
abrj-353	314	8	are	be	AUX
abrj-353	314	9	used	use	VERB
abrj-353	314	10	to	to	PART
abrj-353	314	11	illustrate	illustrate	VERB
abrj-353	314	12	the	the	DET
abrj-353	314	13	short	short	ADJ
abrj-353	314	14	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	314	15	run	run	NOUN
abrj-353	314	16	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
abrj-353	314	17	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	314	18	the	the	DET
abrj-353	314	19	model	model	NOUN
abrj-353	314	20	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	315	1	as	as	SCONJ
abrj-353	315	2	presented	present	VERB
abrj-353	315	3	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	315	4	table	table	NOUN
abrj-353	315	5	7	7	NUM
abrj-353	315	6	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	315	7	fexr	fexr	NOUN
abrj-353	315	8	has	have	VERB
abrj-353	315	9	an	an	DET
abrj-353	315	10	r	r	NOUN
abrj-353	315	11	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	315	12	square	square	NOUN
abrj-353	315	13	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	315	14	0.9799	0.9799	NUM
abrj-353	315	15	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	315	16	a	a	DET
abrj-353	315	17	p	p	NOUN
abrj-353	315	18	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	315	19	value	value	NOUN
abrj-353	315	20	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	315	21	0.0000	0.0000	NUM
abrj-353	315	22	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	315	23	suggesting	suggest	VERB
abrj-353	315	24	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	315	25	the	the	DET
abrj-353	315	26	model	model	NOUN
abrj-353	315	27	explains	explain	VERB
abrj-353	315	28	short	short	ADJ
abrj-353	315	29	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	315	30	term	term	NOUN
abrj-353	315	31	changes	change	NOUN
abrj-353	315	32	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	315	33	provides	provide	VERB
abrj-353	315	34	significant	significant	ADJ
abrj-353	315	35	evidence	evidence	NOUN
abrj-353	315	36	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	315	37	short	short	ADJ
abrj-353	315	38	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	315	39	run	run	NOUN
abrj-353	315	40	effects	effect	NOUN
abrj-353	315	41	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	316	1	this	this	PRON
abrj-353	316	2	implies	imply	VERB
abrj-353	316	3	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	316	4	fexr	fexr	NOUN
abrj-353	316	5	is	be	AUX
abrj-353	316	6	highly	highly	ADV
abrj-353	316	7	responsive	responsive	ADJ
abrj-353	316	8	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	316	9	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	316	10	shocks	shock	NOUN
abrj-353	316	11	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	317	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	317	2	r	r	NOUN
abrj-353	317	3	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	317	4	square	square	NOUN
abrj-353	317	5	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	317	6	infr	infr	NOUN
abrj-353	317	7	is	be	AUX
abrj-353	317	8	0.9344	0.9344	NUM
abrj-353	317	9	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	317	10	with	with	ADP
abrj-353	317	11	p	p	NOUN
abrj-353	317	12	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	317	13	values	value	NOUN
abrj-353	317	14	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	317	15	0.0047	0.0047	NUM
abrj-353	317	16	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	318	1	this	this	PRON
abrj-353	318	2	implies	imply	VERB
abrj-353	318	3	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	318	4	93.4	93.4	NUM
abrj-353	318	5	%	%	NOUN
abrj-353	318	6	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	318	7	short	short	ADJ
abrj-353	318	8	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	318	9	term	term	NOUN
abrj-353	318	10	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	318	11	changes	change	NOUN
abrj-353	318	12	are	be	AUX
abrj-353	318	13	accounted	account	VERB
abrj-353	318	14	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	318	15	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	319	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	319	2	r	r	NOUN
abrj-353	319	3	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	319	4	square	square	NOUN
abrj-353	319	5	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	319	6	intr	intr	NOUN
abrj-353	319	7	is	be	AUX
abrj-353	319	8	0.9929	0.9929	NOUN
abrj-353	319	9	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	319	10	with	with	ADP
abrj-353	319	11	a	a	DET
abrj-353	319	12	p	p	NOUN
abrj-353	319	13	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	319	14	value	value	NOUN
abrj-353	319	15	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	319	16	0.0000	0.0000	NUM
abrj-353	319	17	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	319	18	indicates	indicate	VERB
abrj-353	319	19	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	319	20	the	the	DET
abrj-353	319	21	model	model	NOUN
abrj-353	319	22	explains	explain	VERB
abrj-353	319	23	99	99	NUM
abrj-353	319	24	%	%	NOUN
abrj-353	319	25	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	319	26	the	the	DET
abrj-353	319	27	variability	variability	NOUN
abrj-353	319	28	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	320	1	this	this	PRON
abrj-353	320	2	suggests	suggest	VERB
abrj-353	320	3	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	320	4	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	320	5	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	320	6	respond	respond	VERB
abrj-353	320	7	quickly	quickly	ADV
abrj-353	320	8	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	320	9	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	320	10	changes	change	NOUN
abrj-353	320	11	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	321	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	321	2	cinr	cinr	NOUN
abrj-353	321	3	has	have	VERB
abrj-353	321	4	a	a	DET
abrj-353	321	5	p	p	NOUN
abrj-353	321	6	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	321	7	value	value	NOUN
abrj-353	321	8	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	321	9	0.0000	0.0000	NUM
abrj-353	321	10	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	321	11	an	an	DET
abrj-353	321	12	r	r	NOUN
abrj-353	321	13	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	321	14	square	square	NOUN
abrj-353	321	15	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	321	16	0.9710	0.9710	NUM
abrj-353	321	17	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	321	18	which	which	PRON
abrj-353	321	19	indicates	indicate	VERB
abrj-353	321	20	a	a	DET
abrj-353	321	21	very	very	ADV
abrj-353	321	22	high	high	ADJ
abrj-353	321	23	explanatory	explanatory	ADJ
abrj-353	321	24	power	power	NOUN
abrj-353	321	25	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	322	1	table	table	NOUN
abrj-353	322	2	7	7	NUM
abrj-353	322	3	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	322	4	vector	vector	NOUN
abrj-353	322	5	error	error	NOUN
abrj-353	322	6	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	322	7	correction	correction	NOUN
abrj-353	322	8	model	model	NOUN
abrj-353	322	9	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	323	1	sample	sample	NOUN
abrj-353	323	2	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	323	3	2011	2011	NUM
abrj-353	323	4	2024	2024	NUM
abrj-353	323	5	number	number	NOUN
abrj-353	323	6	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	323	7	obs	obs	PROPN
abrj-353	323	8	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	324	1	=	=	PRON
abrj-353	324	2	14	14	NUM
abrj-353	324	3	aic	aic	PROPN
abrj-353	324	4	=	=	PROPN
abrj-353	324	5	-121.71	-121.71	PROPN
abrj-353	324	6	log	log	NOUN
abrj-353	324	7	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	324	8	likelihood	likelihood	NOUN
abrj-353	324	9	=	=	SYM
abrj-353	324	10	915.9416	915.9416	NUM
abrj-353	324	11	hqic	hqic	NOUN
abrj-353	324	12	=	=	SYM
abrj-353	324	13	-121.98	-121.98	PROPN
abrj-353	324	14	det	det	PROPN
abrj-353	324	15	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	324	16	sigma_ml	sigma_ml	NOUN
abrj-353	324	17	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	325	1	=	=	NOUN
abrj-353	325	2	-1.02e-63	-1.02e-63	VERB
abrj-353	325	3	sbic	sbic	ADJ
abrj-353	325	4	=	=	SYM
abrj-353	325	5	-118.79	-118.79	NOUN
abrj-353	325	6	equation	equation	NOUN
abrj-353	325	7	parms	parm	VERB
abrj-353	325	8	rmse	rmse	NOUN
abrj-353	325	9	r	r	NOUN
abrj-353	325	10	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	325	11	sq	sq	ADJ
abrj-353	325	12	chi2	chi2	PROPN
abrj-353	325	13	p	p	PROPN
abrj-353	325	14	>	>	X
abrj-353	325	15	chi2	chi2	PROPN
abrj-353	325	16	d_fexr	d_fexr	PROPN
abrj-353	325	17	12	12	NUM
abrj-353	325	18	0.0621	0.0621	NUM
abrj-353	325	19	0.9799	0.9799	NUM
abrj-353	325	20	97.3367	97.3367	NUM
abrj-353	325	21	0.0000	0.0000	NUM
abrj-353	325	22	d_infr	d_infr	VERB
abrj-353	325	23	12	12	NUM
abrj-353	325	24	0.0913	0.0913	NUM
abrj-353	325	25	0.9344	0.9344	NUM
abrj-353	325	26	28.5056	28.5056	NUM
abrj-353	325	27	0.0047	0.0047	NUM
abrj-353	325	28	d_intr	d_intr	NOUN
abrj-353	325	29	12	12	NUM
abrj-353	325	30	0.0321	0.0321	NUM
abrj-353	325	31	0.9929	0.9929	NUM
abrj-353	325	32	280.781	280.781	NUM
abrj-353	325	33	0.0000	0.0000	NUM
abrj-353	325	34	d_cinr	d_cinr	NOUN
abrj-353	325	35	12	12	NUM
abrj-353	325	36	0.0183	0.0183	NUM
abrj-353	325	37	0.971	0.971	NUM
abrj-353	325	38	67.0094	67.0094	NUM
abrj-353	325	39	0.0000	0.0000	NUM
abrj-353	325	40	table	table	NOUN
abrj-353	325	41	7	7	NUM
abrj-353	325	42	shows	show	VERB
abrj-353	325	43	the	the	DET
abrj-353	325	44	estimated	estimate	VERB
abrj-353	325	45	coefficients	coefficient	NOUN
abrj-353	325	46	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	325	47	r	r	NOUN
abrj-353	325	48	square	square	ADJ
abrj-353	325	49	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	325	50	values	value	NOUN
abrj-353	325	51	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	325	52	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	325	53	p	p	X
abrj-353	325	54	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	325	55	values	value	NOUN
abrj-353	325	56	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	325	57	the	the	DET
abrj-353	325	58	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	325	59	’s	’s	PART
abrj-353	325	60	main	main	ADJ
abrj-353	325	61	variables	variable	NOUN
abrj-353	325	62	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	325	63	control	control	VERB
abrj-353	325	64	variables	variable	NOUN
abrj-353	325	65	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	325	66	model	model	NOUN
abrj-353	325	67	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	326	1	4.3.1	4.3.1	X
abrj-353	326	2	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	327	1	cointegrating	cointegrate	VERB
abrj-353	327	2	equations	equation	NOUN
abrj-353	327	3	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	327	4	vecm	vecm	NOUN
abrj-353	327	5	the	the	DET
abrj-353	327	6	cointegrating	cointegrate	VERB
abrj-353	327	7	equation	equation	NOUN
abrj-353	327	8	illustrates	illustrate	VERB
abrj-353	327	9	the	the	DET
abrj-353	327	10	long	long	ADJ
abrj-353	327	11	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	327	12	term	term	NOUN
abrj-353	327	13	equilibrium	equilibrium	NOUN
abrj-353	327	14	relationship	relationship	NOUN
abrj-353	327	15	between	between	ADP
abrj-353	327	16	the	the	DET
abrj-353	327	17	variables	variable	NOUN
abrj-353	327	18	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	328	1	as	as	SCONJ
abrj-353	328	2	shown	show	VERB
abrj-353	328	3	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	328	4	table	table	NOUN
abrj-353	328	5	8	8	NUM
abrj-353	328	6	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	328	7	the	the	DET
abrj-353	328	8	chi	chi	ADJ
abrj-353	328	9	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	328	10	square	square	ADJ
abrj-353	328	11	statistic	statistic	NOUN
abrj-353	328	12	is	be	AUX
abrj-353	328	13	125.4675	125.4675	NUM
abrj-353	328	14	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	328	15	the	the	DET
abrj-353	328	16	p	p	NOUN
abrj-353	328	17	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	328	18	value	value	NOUN
abrj-353	328	19	is	be	AUX
abrj-353	328	20	0.0000<0.05	0.0000<0.05	NOUN
abrj-353	328	21	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	329	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	329	2	result	result	NOUN
abrj-353	329	3	shows	show	VERB
abrj-353	329	4	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	329	5	the	the	DET
abrj-353	329	6	cointegrating	cointegrate	VERB
abrj-353	329	7	equation	equation	NOUN
abrj-353	329	8	is	be	AUX
abrj-353	329	9	statistically	statistically	ADV
abrj-353	329	10	significant	significant	ADJ
abrj-353	329	11	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	329	12	indicating	indicate	VERB
abrj-353	329	13	a	a	DET
abrj-353	329	14	strong	strong	ADJ
abrj-353	329	15	long	long	ADJ
abrj-353	329	16	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	329	17	term	term	NOUN
abrj-353	329	18	relationship	relationship	NOUN
abrj-353	329	19	among	among	ADP
abrj-353	329	20	the	the	DET
abrj-353	329	21	variables	variable	NOUN
abrj-353	329	22	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	329	23	the	the	DET
abrj-353	329	24	model	model	NOUN
abrj-353	329	25	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	330	1	table	table	NOUN
abrj-353	330	2	8	8	NUM
abrj-353	330	3	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	331	1	cointegrating	cointegrate	VERB
abrj-353	331	2	equations	equation	NOUN
abrj-353	331	3	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	331	4	vecm	vecm	NOUN
abrj-353	331	5	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	332	1	equation	equation	NOUN
abrj-353	332	2	parameters	parameter	NOUN
abrj-353	332	3	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	332	4	parms	parm	NOUN
abrj-353	332	5	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	332	6	chi²	chi²	NOUN
abrj-353	332	7	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	332	8	wald	wald	X
abrj-353	332	9	statistic	statistic	PROPN
abrj-353	332	10	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	332	11	p	p	NOUN
abrj-353	332	12	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	332	13	value	value	NOUN
abrj-353	332	14	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	332	15	p	p	X
abrj-353	332	16	>	>	X
abrj-353	332	17	chi²	chi²	PROPN
abrj-353	332	18	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	332	19	cointegrating	cointegrate	VERB
abrj-353	332	20	equation	equation	NOUN
abrj-353	332	21	3	3	NUM
abrj-353	332	22	125.4675	125.4675	NUM
abrj-353	332	23	0.0000	0.0000	NUM
abrj-353	332	24	table	table	NOUN
abrj-353	332	25	8	8	NUM
abrj-353	332	26	shows	show	VERB
abrj-353	332	27	the	the	DET
abrj-353	332	28	estimated	estimate	VERB
abrj-353	332	29	coefficients	coefficient	NOUN
abrj-353	332	30	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	332	31	cointegrating	cointegrate	VERB
abrj-353	332	32	equations	equation	NOUN
abrj-353	332	33	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	332	34	vecm	vecm	NOUN
abrj-353	332	35	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	333	1	4.3.2	4.3.2	X
abrj-353	333	2	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	334	1	stability	stability	NOUN
abrj-353	334	2	test	test	VERB
abrj-353	334	3	the	the	DET
abrj-353	334	4	roots	root	NOUN
abrj-353	334	5	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	334	6	the	the	DET
abrj-353	334	7	companion	companion	NOUN
abrj-353	334	8	matrix	matrix	NOUN
abrj-353	334	9	plot	plot	NOUN
abrj-353	334	10	are	be	AUX
abrj-353	334	11	used	use	VERB
abrj-353	334	12	to	to	PART
abrj-353	334	13	assess	assess	VERB
abrj-353	334	14	the	the	DET
abrj-353	334	15	stability	stability	NOUN
abrj-353	334	16	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	334	17	a	a	DET
abrj-353	334	18	vector	vector	NOUN
abrj-353	334	19	error	error	NOUN
abrj-353	334	20	correction	correction	NOUN
abrj-353	334	21	model	model	NOUN
abrj-353	334	22	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	334	23	vecm	vecm	NOUN
abrj-353	334	24	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	334	25	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	335	1	it	it	PRON
abrj-353	335	2	assists	assist	VERB
abrj-353	335	3	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	335	4	detecting	detect	VERB
abrj-353	335	5	structural	structural	ADJ
abrj-353	335	6	breaks	break	NOUN
abrj-353	335	7	or	or	CCONJ
abrj-353	335	8	changes	change	NOUN
abrj-353	335	9	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	335	10	the	the	DET
abrj-353	335	11	relationship	relationship	NOUN
abrj-353	335	12	between	between	ADP
abrj-353	335	13	variables	variable	NOUN
abrj-353	335	14	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	336	1	figure	figure	NOUN
abrj-353	336	2	2	2	NUM
abrj-353	336	3	illustrates	illustrate	VERB
abrj-353	336	4	the	the	DET
abrj-353	336	5	companion	companion	NOUN
abrj-353	336	6	matrix	matrix	NOUN
abrj-353	336	7	plot	plot	NOUN
abrj-353	336	8	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	337	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	337	2	vecm	vecm	NOUN
abrj-353	337	3	model	model	NOUN
abrj-353	337	4	is	be	AUX
abrj-353	337	5	stable	stable	ADJ
abrj-353	337	6	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	337	7	with	with	ADP
abrj-353	337	8	all	all	DET
abrj-353	337	9	roots	root	NOUN
abrj-353	337	10	within	within	ADP
abrj-353	337	11	or	or	CCONJ
abrj-353	337	12	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	337	13	the	the	DET
abrj-353	337	14	unit	unit	NOUN
abrj-353	337	15	circle	circle	NOUN
abrj-353	337	16	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	337	17	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	337	18	no	no	DET
abrj-353	337	19	eigenvalues	eigenvalue	NOUN
abrj-353	337	20	outside	outside	ADP
abrj-353	337	21	the	the	DET
abrj-353	337	22	circle	circle	NOUN
abrj-353	337	23	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	338	1	this	this	PRON
abrj-353	338	2	indicates	indicate	VERB
abrj-353	338	3	no	no	DET
abrj-353	338	4	divergence	divergence	NOUN
abrj-353	338	5	over	over	ADP
abrj-353	338	6	time	time	NOUN
abrj-353	338	7	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	339	1	this	this	DET
abrj-353	339	2	stability	stability	NOUN
abrj-353	339	3	allows	allow	VERB
abrj-353	339	4	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	339	5	confident	confident	ADJ
abrj-353	339	6	impulse	impulse	ADJ
abrj-353	339	7	response	response	NOUN
abrj-353	339	8	functions	function	NOUN
abrj-353	339	9	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	339	10	variance	variance	NOUN
abrj-353	339	11	decomposition	decomposition	NOUN
abrj-353	339	12	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	339	13	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	339	14	forecasting	forecasting	NOUN
abrj-353	339	15	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	339	16	ensuring	ensure	VERB
abrj-353	339	17	well	well	ADV
abrj-353	339	18	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	339	19	behaved	behave	VERB
abrj-353	339	20	relationships	relationship	NOUN
abrj-353	339	21	among	among	ADP
abrj-353	339	22	variables	variable	NOUN
abrj-353	339	23	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	339	24	accurate	accurate	ADJ
abrj-353	339	25	forecasting	forecasting	NOUN
abrj-353	339	26	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	340	1	figure	figure	NOUN
abrj-353	340	2	2	2	NUM
abrj-353	340	3	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	340	4	companion	companion	NOUN
abrj-353	340	5	matrix	matrix	NOUN
abrj-353	340	6	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	341	1	source	source	NOUN
abrj-353	341	2	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	341	3	researchers	researcher	NOUN
abrj-353	341	4	’	'	PUNCT
abrj-353	341	5	computation	computation	NOUN
abrj-353	341	6	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	341	7	2025	2025	NUM
abrj-353	341	8	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	341	9	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	342	1	4.3.3	4.3.3	X
abrj-353	342	2	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	342	3	impulse	impulse	ADJ
abrj-353	342	4	response	response	NOUN
abrj-353	342	5	function	function	NOUN
abrj-353	342	6	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	342	7	irf	irf	PROPN
abrj-353	342	8	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	342	9	plot	plot	NOUN
abrj-353	342	10	the	the	DET
abrj-353	342	11	impulse	impulse	ADJ
abrj-353	342	12	response	response	NOUN
abrj-353	342	13	function	function	NOUN
abrj-353	342	14	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	342	15	irf	irf	PROPN
abrj-353	342	16	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	342	17	plot	plot	NOUN
abrj-353	342	18	illustrates	illustrate	VERB
abrj-353	342	19	how	how	SCONJ
abrj-353	342	20	a	a	DET
abrj-353	342	21	shock	shock	NOUN
abrj-353	342	22	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	342	23	one	one	NUM
abrj-353	342	24	variable	variable	NOUN
abrj-353	342	25	affects	affect	VERB
abrj-353	342	26	another	another	PRON
abrj-353	342	27	over	over	ADP
abrj-353	342	28	time	time	NOUN
abrj-353	342	29	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	343	1	figure	figure	NOUN
abrj-353	343	2	3	3	NUM
abrj-353	343	3	shows	show	VERB
abrj-353	343	4	the	the	DET
abrj-353	343	5	impulse	impulse	ADJ
abrj-353	343	6	response	response	NOUN
abrj-353	343	7	function	function	NOUN
abrj-353	343	8	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	343	9	irf	irf	PROPN
abrj-353	343	10	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	343	11	plot	plot	NOUN
abrj-353	343	12	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	344	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	344	2	x	x	NOUN
abrj-353	344	3	-	-	NOUN
abrj-353	344	4	axis	axis	ADJ
abrj-353	344	5	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	344	6	step	step	NOUN
abrj-353	344	7	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	344	8	depicts	depict	VERB
abrj-353	344	9	the	the	DET
abrj-353	344	10	periods	period	NOUN
abrj-353	344	11	following	follow	VERB
abrj-353	344	12	the	the	DET
abrj-353	344	13	shock	shock	NOUN
abrj-353	344	14	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	345	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	345	2	y	y	NOUN
abrj-353	345	3	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	345	4	axis	axis	NOUN
abrj-353	345	5	shows	show	VERB
abrj-353	345	6	the	the	DET
abrj-353	345	7	size	size	NOUN
abrj-353	345	8	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	345	9	the	the	DET
abrj-353	345	10	response	response	NOUN
abrj-353	345	11	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	346	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	346	2	blue	blue	ADJ
abrj-353	346	3	line	line	NOUN
abrj-353	346	4	illustrates	illustrate	VERB
abrj-353	346	5	the	the	DET
abrj-353	346	6	cumulative	cumulative	ADJ
abrj-353	346	7	impulse	impulse	ADJ
abrj-353	346	8	response	response	NOUN
abrj-353	346	9	function	function	NOUN
abrj-353	346	10	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	346	11	which	which	PRON
abrj-353	346	12	shows	show	VERB
abrj-353	346	13	how	how	SCONJ
abrj-353	346	14	the	the	DET
abrj-353	346	15	response	response	NOUN
abrj-353	346	16	accumulates	accumulate	VERB
abrj-353	346	17	over	over	ADP
abrj-353	346	18	time	time	NOUN
abrj-353	346	19	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	347	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	347	2	grey	grey	PROPN
abrj-353	347	3	shaded	shaded	ADJ
abrj-353	347	4	area	area	NOUN
abrj-353	347	5	represents	represent	VERB
abrj-353	347	6	the	the	DET
abrj-353	347	7	95	95	NUM
abrj-353	347	8	%	%	NOUN
abrj-353	347	9	confidence	confidence	NOUN
abrj-353	347	10	interval	interval	NOUN
abrj-353	347	11	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	347	12	ci	ci	NOUN
abrj-353	347	13	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	347	14	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	347	15	which	which	PRON
abrj-353	347	16	indicates	indicate	VERB
abrj-353	347	17	the	the	DET
abrj-353	347	18	range	range	NOUN
abrj-353	347	19	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	347	20	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN
abrj-353	347	21	surrounding	surround	VERB
abrj-353	347	22	the	the	DET
abrj-353	347	23	response	response	NOUN
abrj-353	347	24	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	348	1	each	each	DET
abrj-353	348	2	panel	panel	NOUN
abrj-353	348	3	depicts	depict	VERB
abrj-353	348	4	the	the	DET
abrj-353	348	5	response	response	NOUN
abrj-353	348	6	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	348	7	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	348	8	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	348	9	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	348	10	bi	bi	NOUN
abrj-353	348	11	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	348	12	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	348	13	shocks	shock	NOUN
abrj-353	348	14	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	348	15	different	different	ADJ
abrj-353	348	16	variables	variable	NOUN
abrj-353	348	17	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	349	1	-1	-1	X
abrj-353	350	1	-.5	-.5	NUM
abrj-353	350	2	0	0	NUM
abrj-353	350	3	.5	.5	NUM
abrj-353	350	4	1	1	NUM
abrj-353	350	5	i	i	PRON
abrj-353	350	6	m	m	VERB
abrj-353	350	7	ag	ag	PROPN
abrj-353	350	8	ina	ina	PROPN
abrj-353	350	9	ry	ry	PROPN
abrj-353	350	10	-1	-1	PROPN
abrj-353	351	1	-.5	-.5	PROPN
abrj-353	351	2	0	0	NUM
abrj-353	351	3	.5	.5	NUM
abrj-353	351	4	1	1	NUM
abrj-353	351	5	real	real	ADJ
abrj-353	351	6	roots	root	NOUN
abrj-353	351	7	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	351	8	the	the	DET
abrj-353	351	9	companion	companion	NOUN
abrj-353	351	10	matrix	matrix	NOUN
abrj-353	351	11	asian	asian	PROPN
abrj-353	351	12	business	business	NOUN
abrj-353	351	13	research	research	NOUN
abrj-353	351	14	journal	journal	NOUN
abrj-353	351	15	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	351	16	2025	2025	NUM
abrj-353	351	17	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	351	18	10(4	10(4	NUM
abrj-353	351	19	):	):	PUNCT
abrj-353	351	20	7	7	NUM
abrj-353	351	21	-	-	SYM
abrj-353	351	22	19	19	NUM
abrj-353	351	23	16	16	NUM
abrj-353	351	24	©	©	PROPN
abrj-353	351	25	2025	2025	NUM
abrj-353	351	26	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	351	27	the	the	DET
abrj-353	351	28	authors	author	NOUN
abrj-353	351	29	;	;	PUNCT
abrj-353	351	30	licensee	licensee	NOUN
abrj-353	351	31	eastern	eastern	ADJ
abrj-353	351	32	centre	centre	NOUN
abrj-353	351	33	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	351	34	science	science	NOUN
abrj-353	351	35	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	351	36	education	education	NOUN
abrj-353	351	37	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	351	38	usa	usa	PROPN
abrj-353	351	39	also	also	ADV
abrj-353	351	40	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	351	41	bi	bi	PROPN
abrj-353	351	42	's	's	PART
abrj-353	351	43	response	response	NOUN
abrj-353	351	44	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	351	45	cinr	cinr	PROPN
abrj-353	351	46	is	be	AUX
abrj-353	351	47	close	close	ADJ
abrj-353	351	48	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	351	49	zero	zero	NUM
abrj-353	351	50	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	351	51	indicating	indicate	VERB
abrj-353	351	52	a	a	DET
abrj-353	351	53	shock	shock	NOUN
abrj-353	351	54	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	351	55	corruption	corruption	NOUN
abrj-353	351	56	that	that	PRON
abrj-353	351	57	has	have	VERB
abrj-353	351	58	little	little	ADJ
abrj-353	351	59	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	351	60	no	no	DET
abrj-353	351	61	impact	impact	NOUN
abrj-353	351	62	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	351	63	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	351	64	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	351	65	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	351	66	bi	bi	NOUN
abrj-353	351	67	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	351	68	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	352	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	352	2	confidence	confidence	NOUN
abrj-353	352	3	intervals	interval	NOUN
abrj-353	352	4	are	be	AUX
abrj-353	352	5	narrow	narrow	ADJ
abrj-353	352	6	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	352	7	suggesting	suggest	VERB
abrj-353	352	8	a	a	DET
abrj-353	352	9	stable	stable	ADJ
abrj-353	352	10	estimate	estimate	NOUN
abrj-353	352	11	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	353	1	bi	bi	PROPN
abrj-353	353	2	's	's	PART
abrj-353	353	3	response	response	NOUN
abrj-353	353	4	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	353	5	fexr	fexr	PROPN
abrj-353	353	6	is	be	AUX
abrj-353	353	7	positive	positive	ADJ
abrj-353	353	8	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	353	9	implying	imply	VERB
abrj-353	353	10	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	353	11	a	a	DET
abrj-353	353	12	shock	shock	NOUN
abrj-353	353	13	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	353	14	fexr	fexr	ADJ
abrj-353	353	15	increases	increase	NOUN
abrj-353	353	16	bi	bi	ADJ
abrj-353	353	17	over	over	ADP
abrj-353	353	18	time	time	NOUN
abrj-353	353	19	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	354	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	354	2	response	response	NOUN
abrj-353	354	3	becomes	become	VERB
abrj-353	354	4	stronger	strong	ADJ
abrj-353	354	5	around	around	ADP
abrj-353	354	6	steps	step	NOUN
abrj-353	354	7	5	5	NUM
abrj-353	354	8	-	-	SYM
abrj-353	354	9	10	10	NUM
abrj-353	354	10	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	354	11	indicating	indicate	VERB
abrj-353	354	12	a	a	DET
abrj-353	354	13	delayed	delay	VERB
abrj-353	354	14	but	but	CCONJ
abrj-353	354	15	growing	grow	VERB
abrj-353	354	16	effect	effect	NOUN
abrj-353	354	17	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	355	1	again	again	ADV
abrj-353	355	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	355	3	bi	bi	PROPN
abrj-353	355	4	's	's	PART
abrj-353	355	5	response	response	NOUN
abrj-353	355	6	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	355	7	infr	infr	NOUN
abrj-353	355	8	is	be	AUX
abrj-353	355	9	positive	positive	ADJ
abrj-353	355	10	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	355	11	meaning	mean	VERB
abrj-353	355	12	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	355	13	an	an	DET
abrj-353	355	14	increase	increase	NOUN
abrj-353	355	15	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	355	16	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	355	17	positively	positively	ADV
abrj-353	355	18	affects	affect	VERB
abrj-353	355	19	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	355	20	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	355	21	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	356	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	356	2	response	response	NOUN
abrj-353	356	3	strengthens	strengthen	VERB
abrj-353	356	4	over	over	ADP
abrj-353	356	5	time	time	NOUN
abrj-353	356	6	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	356	7	stabilizing	stabilize	VERB
abrj-353	356	8	around	around	ADP
abrj-353	356	9	steps	step	NOUN
abrj-353	356	10	7	7	NUM
abrj-353	356	11	-	-	SYM
abrj-353	356	12	10	10	NUM
abrj-353	356	13	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	357	1	bi	bi	PROPN
abrj-353	357	2	's	's	PART
abrj-353	357	3	response	response	NOUN
abrj-353	357	4	to	to	PART
abrj-353	357	5	intr	intr	VERB
abrj-353	357	6	shows	show	VERB
abrj-353	357	7	a	a	DET
abrj-353	357	8	small	small	ADJ
abrj-353	357	9	positive	positive	ADJ
abrj-353	357	10	response	response	NOUN
abrj-353	357	11	initially	initially	ADV
abrj-353	357	12	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	357	13	but	but	CCONJ
abrj-353	357	14	it	it	PRON
abrj-353	357	15	starts	start	VERB
abrj-353	357	16	declining	decline	VERB
abrj-353	357	17	after	after	ADP
abrj-353	357	18	step	step	NOUN
abrj-353	357	19	5	5	NUM
abrj-353	357	20	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	358	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	358	2	response	response	NOUN
abrj-353	358	3	fluctuates	fluctuate	VERB
abrj-353	358	4	slightly	slightly	ADV
abrj-353	358	5	but	but	CCONJ
abrj-353	358	6	remains	remain	VERB
abrj-353	358	7	within	within	ADP
abrj-353	358	8	a	a	DET
abrj-353	358	9	stable	stable	ADJ
abrj-353	358	10	confidence	confidence	NOUN
abrj-353	358	11	range	range	NOUN
abrj-353	358	12	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	359	1	figure	figure	NOUN
abrj-353	359	2	3	3	NUM
abrj-353	359	3	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	359	4	impulse	impulse	ADJ
abrj-353	359	5	response	response	NOUN
abrj-353	359	6	function	function	NOUN
abrj-353	359	7	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	360	1	source	source	NOUN
abrj-353	360	2	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	360	3	researchers	researcher	NOUN
abrj-353	360	4	’	'	PUNCT
abrj-353	360	5	computation	computation	NOUN
abrj-353	360	6	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	360	7	2025	2025	NUM
abrj-353	360	8	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	360	9	4.4	4.4	NUM
abrj-353	360	10	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	361	1	granger	granger	PROPN
abrj-353	361	2	causality	causality	PROPN
abrj-353	361	3	tests	test	VERB
abrj-353	361	4	granger	granger	PROPN
abrj-353	361	5	causality	causality	NOUN
abrj-353	361	6	tests	test	NOUN
abrj-353	361	7	assess	assess	VERB
abrj-353	361	8	if	if	SCONJ
abrj-353	361	9	historical	historical	ADJ
abrj-353	361	10	data	datum	NOUN
abrj-353	361	11	series	series	NOUN
abrj-353	361	12	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	361	13	one	one	NUM
abrj-353	361	14	variable	variable	ADJ
abrj-353	361	15	aids	aid	NOUN
abrj-353	361	16	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	361	17	the	the	DET
abrj-353	361	18	prediction	prediction	NOUN
abrj-353	361	19	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	361	20	another	another	PRON
abrj-353	361	21	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	362	1	granger	granger	PROPN
abrj-353	362	2	causality	causality	PROPN
abrj-353	362	3	is	be	AUX
abrj-353	362	4	shown	show	VERB
abrj-353	362	5	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	362	6	a	a	DET
abrj-353	362	7	low	low	ADJ
abrj-353	362	8	p	p	NOUN
abrj-353	362	9	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	362	10	value	value	NOUN
abrj-353	362	11	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	362	12	usually	usually	ADV
abrj-353	362	13	less	less	ADJ
abrj-353	362	14	than	than	ADP
abrj-353	362	15	0.05	0.05	NUM
abrj-353	362	16	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	362	17	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	362	18	which	which	PRON
abrj-353	362	19	results	result	VERB
abrj-353	362	20	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	362	21	the	the	DET
abrj-353	362	22	rejection	rejection	NOUN
abrj-353	362	23	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	362	24	the	the	DET
abrj-353	362	25	null	null	ADJ
abrj-353	362	26	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
abrj-353	362	27	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	363	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	363	2	granger	granger	PROPN
abrj-353	363	3	causality	causality	PROPN
abrj-353	363	4	test	test	NOUN
abrj-353	363	5	results	result	NOUN
abrj-353	363	6	are	be	AUX
abrj-353	363	7	presented	present	VERB
abrj-353	363	8	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	363	9	table	table	NOUN
abrj-353	363	10	9	9	NUM
abrj-353	363	11	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	364	1	4.4.1	4.4.1	X
abrj-353	364	2	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	365	1	foreign	foreign	ADJ
abrj-353	365	2	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	365	3	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	365	4	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	365	5	its	its	PRON
abrj-353	365	6	influence	influence	NOUN
abrj-353	365	7	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	365	8	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	365	9	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	365	10	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	366	1	from	from	ADP
abrj-353	366	2	table	table	NOUN
abrj-353	366	3	9	9	NUM
abrj-353	366	4	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	366	5	the	the	DET
abrj-353	366	6	relationship	relationship	NOUN
abrj-353	366	7	between	between	ADP
abrj-353	366	8	bi	bi	NOUN
abrj-353	366	9	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	366	10	fexr	fexr	NOUN
abrj-353	366	11	is	be	AUX
abrj-353	366	12	denoted	denote	VERB
abrj-353	366	13	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	366	14	a	a	DET
abrj-353	366	15	chi	chi	NOUN
abrj-353	366	16	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	366	17	statistic	statistic	NOUN
abrj-353	366	18	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	366	19	14.8690	14.8690	NUM
abrj-353	366	20	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	366	21	a	a	DET
abrj-353	366	22	p	p	NOUN
abrj-353	366	23	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	366	24	value	value	NOUN
abrj-353	366	25	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	366	26	0.0010	0.0010	NUM
abrj-353	366	27	<	<	X
abrj-353	366	28	0.05	0.05	NUM
abrj-353	366	29	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	367	1	this	this	PRON
abrj-353	367	2	suggests	suggest	VERB
abrj-353	367	3	statistically	statistically	ADV
abrj-353	367	4	significant	significant	ADJ
abrj-353	367	5	but	but	CCONJ
abrj-353	367	6	strong	strong	ADJ
abrj-353	367	7	evidence	evidence	NOUN
abrj-353	367	8	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	367	9	causality	causality	NOUN
abrj-353	367	10	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	368	1	therefore	therefore	ADV
abrj-353	368	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	368	3	the	the	DET
abrj-353	368	4	foreign	foreign	ADJ
abrj-353	368	5	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	368	6	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	368	7	significantly	significantly	ADV
abrj-353	368	8	influences	influence	VERB
abrj-353	368	9	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	368	10	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	368	11	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	369	1	this	this	DET
abrj-353	369	2	result	result	NOUN
abrj-353	369	3	agrees	agree	VERB
abrj-353	369	4	with	with	ADP
abrj-353	369	5	the	the	DET
abrj-353	369	6	findings	finding	NOUN
abrj-353	369	7	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	369	8	adler	adler	PROPN
abrj-353	369	9	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	369	10	garcia	garcia	PROPN
abrj-353	369	11	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	369	12	macia	macia	PROPN
abrj-353	369	13	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	369	14	2022	2022	NUM
abrj-353	369	15	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	369	16	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	369	17	the	the	DET
abrj-353	369	18	world	world	PROPN
abrj-353	369	19	bank	bank	PROPN
abrj-353	369	20	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	369	21	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	369	22	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	369	23	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	369	24	oced	oce	VERB
abrj-353	369	25	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	369	26	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	369	27	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	369	28	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	369	29	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	369	30	imf	imf	PROPN
abrj-353	369	31	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	369	32	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	369	33	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	369	34	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	370	1	4.4.2	4.4.2	X
abrj-353	370	2	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	370	3	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	370	4	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	370	5	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	370	6	its	its	PRON
abrj-353	370	7	influence	influence	NOUN
abrj-353	370	8	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	370	9	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	370	10	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	370	11	as	as	SCONJ
abrj-353	370	12	shown	show	VERB
abrj-353	370	13	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	370	14	table	table	NOUN
abrj-353	370	15	9	9	NUM
abrj-353	370	16	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	370	17	bi	bi	NOUN
abrj-353	370	18	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	370	19	infr	infr	AUX
abrj-353	370	20	have	have	VERB
abrj-353	370	21	a	a	DET
abrj-353	370	22	chi	chi	NOUN
abrj-353	370	23	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	370	24	square	square	NOUN
abrj-353	370	25	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	370	26	2.6314	2.6314	NUM
abrj-353	370	27	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	370	28	a	a	DET
abrj-353	370	29	p	p	NOUN
abrj-353	370	30	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	370	31	value	value	NOUN
abrj-353	370	32	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	370	33	0.2680	0.2680	NUM
abrj-353	370	34	>	>	ADP
abrj-353	370	35	0.05	0.05	NUM
abrj-353	370	36	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	371	1	this	this	PRON
abrj-353	371	2	suggests	suggest	VERB
abrj-353	371	3	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	371	4	infr	infr	NOUN
abrj-353	371	5	does	do	AUX
abrj-353	371	6	not	not	PART
abrj-353	371	7	granger	granger	NOUN
abrj-353	371	8	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	371	9	cause	cause	NOUN
abrj-353	371	10	bi	bi	NOUN
abrj-353	371	11	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	372	1	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	372	2	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	372	3	has	have	VERB
abrj-353	372	4	no	no	DET
abrj-353	372	5	significant	significant	ADJ
abrj-353	372	6	influence	influence	NOUN
abrj-353	372	7	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	372	8	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	372	9	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	372	10	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	373	1	while	while	SCONJ
abrj-353	373	2	this	this	PRON
abrj-353	373	3	agrees	agree	VERB
abrj-353	373	4	with	with	ADP
abrj-353	373	5	the	the	DET
abrj-353	373	6	null	null	ADJ
abrj-353	373	7	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
abrj-353	373	8	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	373	9	this	this	DET
abrj-353	373	10	result	result	NOUN
abrj-353	373	11	however	however	ADV
abrj-353	373	12	disagrees	disagree	VERB
abrj-353	373	13	with	with	ADP
abrj-353	373	14	the	the	DET
abrj-353	373	15	findings	finding	NOUN
abrj-353	373	16	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	373	17	adesina	adesina	PROPN
abrj-353	373	18	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	373	19	bello	bello	PROPN
abrj-353	373	20	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	373	21	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	373	22	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	373	23	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	373	24	the	the	DET
abrj-353	373	25	world	world	PROPN
abrj-353	373	26	bank	bank	PROPN
abrj-353	373	27	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	373	28	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	373	29	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	373	30	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	373	31	oced	oce	VERB
abrj-353	373	32	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	373	33	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	373	34	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	373	35	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	373	36	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	373	37	imf	imf	PROPN
abrj-353	373	38	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	373	39	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	373	40	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	373	41	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	374	1	4.4.3	4.4.3	NUM
abrj-353	374	2	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	374	3	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	374	4	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	374	5	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	374	6	its	its	PRON
abrj-353	374	7	influence	influence	NOUN
abrj-353	374	8	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	374	9	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	374	10	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	374	11	lastly	lastly	ADV
abrj-353	374	12	from	from	ADP
abrj-353	374	13	table	table	NOUN
abrj-353	374	14	9	9	NUM
abrj-353	374	15	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	374	16	bi	bi	NOUN
abrj-353	374	17	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	374	18	intr	intr	PROPN
abrj-353	374	19	have	have	VERB
abrj-353	374	20	a	a	DET
abrj-353	374	21	chi	chi	NOUN
abrj-353	374	22	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	374	23	square	square	NOUN
abrj-353	374	24	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	374	25	7.7533	7.7533	NUM
abrj-353	374	26	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	374	27	a	a	DET
abrj-353	374	28	p	p	NOUN
abrj-353	374	29	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	374	30	value	value	NOUN
abrj-353	374	31	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	374	32	0.0210	0.0210	NUM
abrj-353	374	33	<	<	X
abrj-353	374	34	0.05	0.05	NUM
abrj-353	374	35	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	375	1	this	this	PRON
abrj-353	375	2	suggests	suggest	VERB
abrj-353	375	3	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	375	4	infr	infr	NOUN
abrj-353	375	5	influences	influence	NOUN
abrj-353	375	6	bi	bi	NOUN
abrj-353	375	7	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	376	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	376	2	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	376	3	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	376	4	has	have	VERB
abrj-353	376	5	a	a	DET
abrj-353	376	6	major	major	ADJ
abrj-353	376	7	impact	impact	NOUN
abrj-353	376	8	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	376	9	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	376	10	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	376	11	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	377	1	this	this	PRON
abrj-353	377	2	is	be	AUX
abrj-353	377	3	not	not	PART
abrj-353	377	4	consistent	consistent	ADJ
abrj-353	377	5	with	with	ADP
abrj-353	377	6	the	the	DET
abrj-353	377	7	null	null	ADJ
abrj-353	377	8	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
abrj-353	377	9	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	377	10	it	it	PRON
abrj-353	377	11	also	also	ADV
abrj-353	377	12	does	do	AUX
abrj-353	377	13	not	not	PART
abrj-353	377	14	contradict	contradict	VERB
abrj-353	377	15	the	the	DET
abrj-353	377	16	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
abrj-353	377	17	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	377	18	ahmed	ahmed	PROPN
abrj-353	377	19	et	et	PROPN
abrj-353	377	20	al	al	PROPN
abrj-353	377	21	.	.	PROPN
abrj-353	378	1	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	378	2	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	378	3	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	378	4	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	378	5	adesina	adesina	NOUN
abrj-353	378	6	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	378	7	bello	bello	PROPN
abrj-353	378	8	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	378	9	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	378	10	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	378	11	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	379	1	-.5	-.5	NUM
abrj-353	379	2	0	0	NUM
abrj-353	379	3	.5	.5	NUM
abrj-353	379	4	1	1	NUM
abrj-353	379	5	1.5	1.5	NUM
abrj-353	379	6	-.5	-.5	NUM
abrj-353	379	7	0	0	NUM
abrj-353	380	1	.5	.5	NUM
abrj-353	380	2	1	1	NUM
abrj-353	380	3	1.5	1.5	NUM
abrj-353	380	4	0	0	NUM
abrj-353	380	5	5	5	NUM
abrj-353	380	6	10	10	NUM
abrj-353	380	7	0	0	NUM
abrj-353	380	8	5	5	NUM
abrj-353	380	9	10	10	NUM
abrj-353	380	10	irf_model	irf_model	NOUN
abrj-353	380	11	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	380	12	br	br	PROPN
abrj-353	380	13	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	380	14	cinr	cinr	PROPN
abrj-353	380	15	irf_model	irf_model	PROPN
abrj-353	380	16	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	380	17	br	br	PROPN
abrj-353	380	18	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	380	19	fexr	fexr	PROPN
abrj-353	380	20	irf_model	irf_model	ADP
abrj-353	380	21	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	380	22	br	br	PROPN
abrj-353	380	23	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	380	24	infr	infr	PROPN
abrj-353	380	25	irf_model	irf_model	ADP
abrj-353	380	26	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	380	27	br	br	PROPN
abrj-353	380	28	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	380	29	intr	intr	VERB
abrj-353	380	30	95	95	NUM
abrj-353	380	31	%	%	NOUN
abrj-353	380	32	ci	ci	NOUN
abrj-353	380	33	cumulative	cumulative	ADJ
abrj-353	380	34	irf	irf	PROPN
abrj-353	380	35	step	step	NOUN
abrj-353	380	36	graphs	graph	NOUN
abrj-353	380	37	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	380	38	irfname	irfname	NOUN
abrj-353	380	39	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	380	40	impulse	impulse	ADJ
abrj-353	380	41	variable	variable	NOUN
abrj-353	380	42	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	380	43	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	380	44	response	response	NOUN
abrj-353	380	45	variable	variable	ADJ
abrj-353	380	46	asian	asian	ADJ
abrj-353	380	47	business	business	NOUN
abrj-353	380	48	research	research	NOUN
abrj-353	380	49	journal	journal	NOUN
abrj-353	380	50	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	380	51	2025	2025	NUM
abrj-353	380	52	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	380	53	10(4	10(4	NUM
abrj-353	380	54	):	):	PUNCT
abrj-353	380	55	7	7	NUM
abrj-353	380	56	-	-	SYM
abrj-353	380	57	19	19	NUM
abrj-353	380	58	17	17	NUM
abrj-353	380	59	©	©	PROPN
abrj-353	380	60	2025	2025	NUM
abrj-353	380	61	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	380	62	the	the	DET
abrj-353	380	63	authors	author	NOUN
abrj-353	380	64	;	;	PUNCT
abrj-353	380	65	licensee	licensee	NOUN
abrj-353	380	66	eastern	eastern	ADJ
abrj-353	380	67	centre	centre	NOUN
abrj-353	380	68	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	380	69	science	science	NOUN
abrj-353	380	70	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	380	71	education	education	NOUN
abrj-353	380	72	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	380	73	usa	usa	PROPN
abrj-353	380	74	table	table	NOUN
abrj-353	380	75	9	9	NUM
abrj-353	380	76	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	381	1	granger	granger	PROPN
abrj-353	381	2	causality	causality	PROPN
abrj-353	381	3	wald	wald	NOUN
abrj-353	381	4	tests	test	NOUN
abrj-353	381	5	equation	equation	NOUN
abrj-353	381	6	excluded	exclude	VERB
abrj-353	381	7	chi2	chi2	PROPN
abrj-353	381	8	df	df	PROPN
abrj-353	381	9	prob	prob	PROPN
abrj-353	381	10	>	>	X
abrj-353	381	11	chi2	chi2	PROPN
abrj-353	382	1	bi	bi	PROPN
abrj-353	382	2	fexr	fexr	PROPN
abrj-353	382	3	14.8690	14.8690	NUM
abrj-353	382	4	2	2	NUM
abrj-353	382	5	0.0010	0.0010	NUM
abrj-353	382	6	bi	bi	NOUN
abrj-353	382	7	infr	infr	VERB
abrj-353	382	8	2.6314	2.6314	NUM
abrj-353	382	9	2	2	NUM
abrj-353	382	10	0.2680	0.2680	NUM
abrj-353	382	11	bi	bi	NOUN
abrj-353	382	12	intr	intr	NOUN
abrj-353	382	13	7.7533	7.7533	NUM
abrj-353	382	14	2	2	NUM
abrj-353	382	15	0.0210	0.0210	NUM
abrj-353	382	16	bi	bi	NOUN
abrj-353	382	17	cinr	cinr	PROPN
abrj-353	382	18	26.9530	26.9530	NUM
abrj-353	382	19	2	2	NUM
abrj-353	382	20	0.0000	0.0000	NUM
abrj-353	382	21	bi	bi	NOUN
abrj-353	382	22	all	all	DET
abrj-353	382	23	47.5930	47.5930	NUM
abrj-353	382	24	8	8	NUM
abrj-353	382	25	0.0000	0.0000	NUM
abrj-353	382	26	fexr	fexr	ADJ
abrj-353	382	27	bi	bi	NOUN
abrj-353	382	28	6.5276	6.5276	NUM
abrj-353	382	29	2	2	NUM
abrj-353	382	30	0.0380	0.0380	NUM
abrj-353	382	31	fexr	fexr	ADJ
abrj-353	382	32	infr	infr	ADP
abrj-353	382	33	1.6510	1.6510	NUM
abrj-353	382	34	2	2	NUM
abrj-353	382	35	0.4380	0.4380	NUM
abrj-353	382	36	fexr	fexr	ADJ
abrj-353	382	37	intr	intr	NOUN
abrj-353	382	38	3.1452	3.1452	NUM
abrj-353	382	39	2	2	NUM
abrj-353	382	40	0.2080	0.2080	NUM
abrj-353	382	41	fexr	fexr	ADJ
abrj-353	382	42	cinr	cinr	NOUN
abrj-353	382	43	2.5313	2.5313	NUM
abrj-353	382	44	2	2	NUM
abrj-353	382	45	0.2820	0.2820	NUM
abrj-353	382	46	fexr	fexr	NOUN
abrj-353	382	47	all	all	PRON
abrj-353	382	48	16.8980	16.8980	NUM
abrj-353	382	49	8	8	NUM
abrj-353	382	50	0.0310	0.0310	NUM
abrj-353	382	51	infr	infr	PROPN
abrj-353	382	52	bi	bi	NOUN
abrj-353	382	53	19.2490	19.2490	NUM
abrj-353	382	54	2	2	NUM
abrj-353	382	55	0.0000	0.0000	NUM
abrj-353	382	56	infr	infr	ADP
abrj-353	382	57	fexr	fexr	ADJ
abrj-353	382	58	14.5780	14.5780	NUM
abrj-353	382	59	2	2	NUM
abrj-353	382	60	0.0010	0.0010	NUM
abrj-353	382	61	infr	infr	PROPN
abrj-353	382	62	intr	intr	PROPN
abrj-353	382	63	20.7920	20.7920	NUM
abrj-353	382	64	2	2	NUM
abrj-353	382	65	0.0000	0.0000	NUM
abrj-353	382	66	infr	infr	AUX
abrj-353	382	67	cinr	cinr	PROPN
abrj-353	382	68	17.4470	17.4470	NUM
abrj-353	382	69	2	2	NUM
abrj-353	382	70	0.0000	0.0000	NUM
abrj-353	382	71	infr	infr	ADP
abrj-353	382	72	all	all	DET
abrj-353	382	73	78.7390	78.7390	NUM
abrj-353	382	74	8	8	NUM
abrj-353	382	75	0.0000	0.0000	NUM
abrj-353	382	76	intr	intr	NOUN
abrj-353	382	77	bi	bi	NOUN
abrj-353	382	78	2.8280	2.8280	NUM
abrj-353	382	79	2	2	NUM
abrj-353	382	80	0.2430	0.2430	NUM
abrj-353	382	81	intr	intr	NOUN
abrj-353	382	82	fexr	fexr	NOUN
abrj-353	382	83	4.6585	4.6585	NUM
abrj-353	382	84	2	2	NUM
abrj-353	382	85	0.0970	0.0970	NUM
abrj-353	382	86	intr	intr	NOUN
abrj-353	382	87	infr	infr	ADP
abrj-353	382	88	7.4070	7.4070	NUM
abrj-353	382	89	2	2	NUM
abrj-353	382	90	0.0250	0.0250	NUM
abrj-353	382	91	intr	intr	NOUN
abrj-353	382	92	cinr	cinr	NOUN
abrj-353	382	93	3.5245	3.5245	NUM
abrj-353	382	94	2	2	NUM
abrj-353	382	95	0.1720	0.1720	NUM
abrj-353	382	96	intr	intr	NOUN
abrj-353	382	97	all	all	DET
abrj-353	382	98	10.5940	10.5940	NUM
abrj-353	382	99	8	8	NUM
abrj-353	382	100	0.2260	0.2260	NUM
abrj-353	383	1	cinr	cinr	NOUN
abrj-353	383	2	bi	bi	NOUN
abrj-353	383	3	11.725	11.725	NUM
abrj-353	383	4	2	2	NUM
abrj-353	383	5	0.0030	0.0030	NUM
abrj-353	383	6	cinr	cinr	NOUN
abrj-353	383	7	fexr	fexr	ADJ
abrj-353	383	8	0.1051	0.1051	NUM
abrj-353	383	9	2	2	NUM
abrj-353	383	10	0.9490	0.9490	NUM
abrj-353	383	11	cinr	cinr	NOUN
abrj-353	383	12	infr	infr	VERB
abrj-353	383	13	0.4738	0.4738	NUM
abrj-353	383	14	2	2	NUM
abrj-353	383	15	0.7890	0.7890	NUM
abrj-353	383	16	cinr	cinr	NOUN
abrj-353	383	17	intr	intr	NOUN
abrj-353	383	18	35.293	35.293	NUM
abrj-353	383	19	2	2	NUM
abrj-353	383	20	0.0000	0.0000	NUM
abrj-353	383	21	cinr	cinr	NOUN
abrj-353	383	22	all	all	DET
abrj-353	383	23	96.489	96.489	NUM
abrj-353	383	24	8	8	NUM
abrj-353	383	25	0.0000	0.0000	NUM
abrj-353	383	26	table	table	NOUN
abrj-353	383	27	9	9	NUM
abrj-353	383	28	shows	show	VERB
abrj-353	383	29	the	the	DET
abrj-353	383	30	estimated	estimate	VERB
abrj-353	383	31	coefficients	coefficient	NOUN
abrj-353	383	32	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	383	33	granger	granger	PROPN
abrj-353	383	34	causality	causality	PROPN
abrj-353	383	35	wald	wald	PROPN
abrj-353	383	36	test	test	NOUN
abrj-353	383	37	results	result	NOUN
abrj-353	383	38	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	383	39	all	all	DET
abrj-353	383	40	variables	variable	NOUN
abrj-353	383	41	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	383	42	the	the	DET
abrj-353	383	43	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	383	44	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	384	1	4.5	4.5	NUM
abrj-353	384	2	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	384	3	discussion	discussion	NOUN
abrj-353	384	4	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	384	5	findings	finding	NOUN
abrj-353	384	6	the	the	DET
abrj-353	384	7	findings	finding	NOUN
abrj-353	384	8	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	384	9	the	the	DET
abrj-353	384	10	granger	granger	PROPN
abrj-353	384	11	causality	causality	PROPN
abrj-353	384	12	test	test	NOUN
abrj-353	384	13	provide	provide	VERB
abrj-353	384	14	useful	useful	ADJ
abrj-353	384	15	insights	insight	NOUN
abrj-353	384	16	into	into	ADP
abrj-353	384	17	the	the	DET
abrj-353	384	18	relationships	relationship	NOUN
abrj-353	384	19	between	between	ADP
abrj-353	384	20	key	key	ADJ
abrj-353	384	21	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	384	22	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	384	23	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	384	24	variables	variable	NOUN
abrj-353	384	25	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	384	26	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	384	27	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	385	1	foreign	foreign	ADJ
abrj-353	385	2	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	385	3	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	385	4	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	385	5	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	385	6	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	385	7	have	have	VERB
abrj-353	385	8	a	a	DET
abrj-353	385	9	substantial	substantial	ADJ
abrj-353	385	10	bidirectional	bidirectional	ADJ
abrj-353	385	11	causal	causal	NOUN
abrj-353	385	12	relationship	relationship	NOUN
abrj-353	385	13	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	386	1	this	this	PRON
abrj-353	386	2	indicates	indicate	VERB
abrj-353	386	3	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	386	4	foreign	foreign	ADJ
abrj-353	386	5	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	386	6	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	386	7	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	386	8	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	386	9	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	386	10	are	be	AUX
abrj-353	386	11	inextricably	inextricably	ADV
abrj-353	386	12	related	relate	VERB
abrj-353	386	13	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	386	14	with	with	ADP
abrj-353	386	15	foreign	foreign	ADJ
abrj-353	386	16	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	386	17	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	386	18	influencing	influence	VERB
abrj-353	386	19	how	how	SCONJ
abrj-353	386	20	the	the	DET
abrj-353	386	21	government	government	NOUN
abrj-353	386	22	executes	execute	VERB
abrj-353	386	23	its	its	PRON
abrj-353	386	24	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	386	25	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	386	26	vice	vice	NOUN
abrj-353	386	27	versa	versa	ADV
abrj-353	386	28	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	387	1	while	while	SCONJ
abrj-353	387	2	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	387	3	has	have	VERB
abrj-353	387	4	no	no	DET
abrj-353	387	5	significant	significant	ADJ
abrj-353	387	6	effect	effect	NOUN
abrj-353	387	7	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	387	8	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	387	9	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	387	10	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	387	11	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	387	12	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	387	13	has	have	VERB
abrj-353	387	14	a	a	DET
abrj-353	387	15	substantial	substantial	ADJ
abrj-353	387	16	influence	influence	NOUN
abrj-353	387	17	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	387	18	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	387	19	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	388	1	this	this	PRON
abrj-353	388	2	implies	imply	VERB
abrj-353	388	3	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	388	4	government	government	NOUN
abrj-353	388	5	budgeting	budgeting	NOUN
abrj-353	388	6	can	can	AUX
abrj-353	388	7	influence	influence	VERB
abrj-353	388	8	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	388	9	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	389	1	also	also	ADV
abrj-353	389	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	389	3	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	389	4	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	389	5	have	have	VERB
abrj-353	389	6	a	a	DET
abrj-353	389	7	significant	significant	ADJ
abrj-353	389	8	impact	impact	NOUN
abrj-353	389	9	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	389	10	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	389	11	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	389	12	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	389	13	but	but	CCONJ
abrj-353	389	14	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	389	15	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	389	16	does	do	AUX
abrj-353	389	17	not	not	PART
abrj-353	389	18	affect	affect	VERB
abrj-353	389	19	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	389	20	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	389	21	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	390	1	therefore	therefore	ADV
abrj-353	390	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	390	3	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	390	4	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	390	5	are	be	AUX
abrj-353	390	6	a	a	DET
abrj-353	390	7	major	major	ADJ
abrj-353	390	8	factor	factor	NOUN
abrj-353	390	9	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	390	10	deciding	decide	VERB
abrj-353	390	11	how	how	SCONJ
abrj-353	390	12	the	the	DET
abrj-353	390	13	government	government	NOUN
abrj-353	390	14	distributes	distribute	VERB
abrj-353	390	15	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	390	16	uses	use	VERB
abrj-353	390	17	its	its	PRON
abrj-353	390	18	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	390	19	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	391	1	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	391	2	general	general	ADJ
abrj-353	391	3	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	391	4	the	the	DET
abrj-353	391	5	findings	finding	NOUN
abrj-353	391	6	emphasize	emphasize	VERB
abrj-353	391	7	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	391	8	foreign	foreign	ADJ
abrj-353	391	9	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	391	10	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	391	11	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	391	12	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	391	13	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	391	14	have	have	VERB
abrj-353	391	15	the	the	DET
abrj-353	391	16	most	most	ADV
abrj-353	391	17	significant	significant	ADJ
abrj-353	391	18	influence	influence	NOUN
abrj-353	391	19	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	391	20	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	391	21	's	's	PART
abrj-353	391	22	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	391	23	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	391	24	while	while	SCONJ
abrj-353	391	25	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	391	26	has	have	VERB
abrj-353	391	27	a	a	DET
abrj-353	391	28	less	less	ADV
abrj-353	391	29	direct	direct	ADJ
abrj-353	391	30	influence	influence	NOUN
abrj-353	391	31	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	392	1	5	5	X
abrj-353	392	2	.	.	X
abrj-353	392	3	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
abrj-353	392	4	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	392	5	recommendations	recommendation	NOUN
abrj-353	392	6	this	this	DET
abrj-353	392	7	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	392	8	investigated	investigate	VERB
abrj-353	392	9	the	the	DET
abrj-353	392	10	determining	determine	VERB
abrj-353	392	11	factor	factor	NOUN
abrj-353	392	12	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	392	13	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	392	14	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	392	15	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	392	16	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	392	17	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	393	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	393	2	literature	literature	NOUN
abrj-353	393	3	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	393	4	these	these	DET
abrj-353	393	5	factors	factor	NOUN
abrj-353	393	6	was	be	AUX
abrj-353	393	7	evaluated	evaluate	VERB
abrj-353	393	8	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	394	1	annual	annual	ADJ
abrj-353	394	2	data	datum	NOUN
abrj-353	394	3	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	394	4	the	the	DET
abrj-353	394	5	foreign	foreign	ADJ
abrj-353	394	6	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	394	7	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	394	8	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	394	9	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	394	10	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	394	11	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	394	12	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	394	13	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	394	14	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	394	15	corruption	corruption	NOUN
abrj-353	394	16	perception	perception	NOUN
abrj-353	394	17	index	index	NOUN
abrj-353	394	18	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	394	19	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	394	20	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	394	21	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	394	22	ratio	ratio	NOUN
abrj-353	394	23	were	be	AUX
abrj-353	394	24	gathered	gather	VERB
abrj-353	394	25	from	from	ADP
abrj-353	394	26	cbn	cbn	PROPN
abrj-353	394	27	annual	annual	ADJ
abrj-353	394	28	reports	report	NOUN
abrj-353	394	29	between	between	ADP
abrj-353	394	30	2008	2008	NUM
abrj-353	394	31	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	394	32	2024	2024	NUM
abrj-353	394	33	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	395	1	these	these	DET
abrj-353	395	2	data	datum	NOUN
abrj-353	395	3	were	be	AUX
abrj-353	395	4	examined	examine	VERB
abrj-353	395	5	using	use	VERB
abrj-353	395	6	times	times	PROPN
abrj-353	395	7	series	series	PROPN
abrj-353	395	8	analysis	analysis	NOUN
abrj-353	395	9	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	396	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	396	2	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	396	3	demonstrates	demonstrate	VERB
abrj-353	396	4	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	396	5	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	396	6	implementations	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	396	7	are	be	AUX
abrj-353	396	8	significantly	significantly	ADV
abrj-353	396	9	affected	affect	VERB
abrj-353	396	10	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	396	11	foreign	foreign	ADJ
abrj-353	396	12	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	396	13	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	396	14	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	397	1	this	this	PRON
abrj-353	397	2	emphasises	emphasise	VERB
abrj-353	397	3	how	how	SCONJ
abrj-353	397	4	susceptible	susceptible	ADJ
abrj-353	397	5	nigeria	nigeria	NOUN
abrj-353	397	6	's	's	PART
abrj-353	397	7	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	397	8	stability	stability	NOUN
abrj-353	397	9	is	be	AUX
abrj-353	397	10	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	397	11	changes	change	NOUN
abrj-353	397	12	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	397	13	the	the	DET
abrj-353	397	14	foreign	foreign	ADJ
abrj-353	397	15	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	397	16	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	397	17	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	398	1	also	also	ADV
abrj-353	398	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	398	3	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	398	4	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	398	5	have	have	VERB
abrj-353	398	6	a	a	DET
abrj-353	398	7	complementary	complementary	ADJ
abrj-353	398	8	causal	causal	NOUN
abrj-353	398	9	relationship	relationship	NOUN
abrj-353	398	10	with	with	ADP
abrj-353	398	11	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	398	12	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	398	13	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	399	1	this	this	PRON
abrj-353	399	2	highlights	highlight	VERB
abrj-353	399	3	the	the	DET
abrj-353	399	4	importance	importance	NOUN
abrj-353	399	5	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	399	6	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	399	7	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	399	8	policies	policy	NOUN
abrj-353	399	9	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	399	10	determining	determine	VERB
abrj-353	399	11	government	government	NOUN
abrj-353	399	12	spending	spending	NOUN
abrj-353	399	13	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	400	1	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	400	2	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	400	3	have	have	VERB
abrj-353	400	4	little	little	ADJ
abrj-353	400	5	or	or	CCONJ
abrj-353	400	6	no	no	PRON
abrj-353	400	7	effect	effect	NOUN
abrj-353	400	8	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	400	9	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	400	10	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	400	11	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	401	1	this	this	PRON
abrj-353	401	2	suggests	suggest	VERB
abrj-353	401	3	that	that	SCONJ
abrj-353	401	4	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	401	5	has	have	VERB
abrj-353	401	6	a	a	DET
abrj-353	401	7	more	more	ADV
abrj-353	401	8	indirect	indirect	ADJ
abrj-353	401	9	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	401	10	secondary	secondary	ADJ
abrj-353	401	11	effect	effect	NOUN
abrj-353	401	12	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	401	13	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	401	14	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	401	15	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	402	1	based	base	VERB
abrj-353	402	2	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	402	3	this	this	PRON
abrj-353	402	4	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	402	5	the	the	DET
abrj-353	402	6	following	follow	VERB
abrj-353	402	7	recommendations	recommendation	NOUN
abrj-353	402	8	were	be	AUX
abrj-353	402	9	made	make	VERB
abrj-353	402	10	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	402	11	firstly	firstly	ADV
abrj-353	402	12	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	402	13	the	the	DET
abrj-353	402	14	government	government	NOUN
abrj-353	402	15	should	should	AUX
abrj-353	402	16	prioritize	prioritize	VERB
abrj-353	402	17	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	402	18	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	402	19	stability	stability	NOUN
abrj-353	402	20	through	through	ADP
abrj-353	402	21	good	good	ADJ
abrj-353	402	22	monetary	monetary	ADJ
abrj-353	402	23	policy	policy	NOUN
abrj-353	402	24	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	403	1	this	this	PRON
abrj-353	403	2	will	will	AUX
abrj-353	403	3	reduce	reduce	VERB
abrj-353	403	4	the	the	DET
abrj-353	403	5	risk	risk	NOUN
abrj-353	403	6	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	403	7	currency	currency	NOUN
abrj-353	403	8	changes	change	NOUN
abrj-353	403	9	affecting	affect	VERB
abrj-353	403	10	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	403	11	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	403	12	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	403	13	hence	hence	ADV
abrj-353	403	14	preserving	preserve	VERB
abrj-353	403	15	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	403	16	stability	stability	NOUN
abrj-353	403	17	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	404	1	secondly	secondly	ADV
abrj-353	404	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	404	3	since	since	SCONJ
abrj-353	404	4	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	404	5	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	404	6	have	have	VERB
abrj-353	404	7	significant	significant	ADJ
abrj-353	404	8	effects	effect	NOUN
abrj-353	404	9	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	404	10	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	404	11	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	404	12	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	404	13	the	the	DET
abrj-353	404	14	central	central	ADJ
abrj-353	404	15	bank	bank	PROPN
abrj-353	404	16	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	404	17	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	404	18	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	404	19	cbn	cbn	PROPN
abrj-353	404	20	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	404	21	should	should	AUX
abrj-353	404	22	try	try	VERB
abrj-353	404	23	to	to	PART
abrj-353	404	24	keep	keep	VERB
abrj-353	404	25	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	404	26	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	404	27	low	low	ADJ
abrj-353	404	28	to	to	PART
abrj-353	404	29	boost	boost	VERB
abrj-353	404	30	the	the	DET
abrj-353	404	31	economy	economy	NOUN
abrj-353	404	32	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	405	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	405	2	effects	effect	NOUN
abrj-353	405	3	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	405	4	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	405	5	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	405	6	fluctuations	fluctuation	NOUN
abrj-353	405	7	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	405	8	government	government	NOUN
abrj-353	405	9	spending	spending	NOUN
abrj-353	405	10	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	405	11	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	405	12	capacity	capacity	NOUN
abrj-353	405	13	should	should	AUX
abrj-353	405	14	be	be	AUX
abrj-353	405	15	closely	closely	ADV
abrj-353	405	16	monitored	monitor	VERB
abrj-353	405	17	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	405	18	policymakers	policymaker	NOUN
abrj-353	405	19	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	406	1	references	reference	NOUN
abrj-353	406	2	adesina	adesina	PROPN
abrj-353	406	3	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	406	4	t.	t.	PROPN
abrj-353	406	5	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	406	6	&	&	CCONJ
abrj-353	406	7	adeyemo	adeyemo	ADJ
abrj-353	406	8	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	406	9	k.	k.	PROPN
abrj-353	406	10	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	406	11	2022	2022	NUM
abrj-353	406	12	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	406	13	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	407	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	407	2	impact	impact	NOUN
abrj-353	407	3	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	407	4	macroeconomic	macroeconomic	ADJ
abrj-353	407	5	variables	variable	NOUN
abrj-353	407	6	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	407	7	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	407	8	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	407	9	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	407	10	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	407	11	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	408	1	journal	journal	PROPN
abrj-353	408	2	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	408	3	public	public	ADJ
abrj-353	408	4	finance	finance	NOUN
abrj-353	408	5	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	408	6	15(4	15(4	NUM
abrj-353	408	7	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	408	8	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	408	9	231	231	NUM
abrj-353	408	10	-	-	SYM
abrj-353	408	11	248	248	NUM
abrj-353	408	12	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	409	1	adesina	adesina	PROPN
abrj-353	409	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	409	3	t.	t.	PROPN
abrj-353	409	4	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	409	5	&	&	CCONJ
abrj-353	409	6	bello	bello	PROPN
abrj-353	409	7	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	409	8	k.	k.	PROPN
abrj-353	409	9	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	409	10	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	409	11	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	409	12	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	410	1	inflationary	inflationary	ADJ
abrj-353	410	2	pressures	pressure	NOUN
abrj-353	410	3	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	410	4	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	410	5	performance	performance	NOUN
abrj-353	410	6	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	410	7	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	410	8	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	411	1	african	african	ADJ
abrj-353	411	2	journal	journal	PROPN
abrj-353	411	3	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	411	4	economics	economic	NOUN
abrj-353	411	5	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	411	6	12(2	12(2	NUM
abrj-353	411	7	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	411	8	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	411	9	145–160	145–160	NUM
abrj-353	411	10	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	411	11	adesina	adesina	PROPN
abrj-353	411	12	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	411	13	t.	t.	PROPN
abrj-353	411	14	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	411	15	&	&	CCONJ
abrj-353	411	16	okafor	okafor	PROPN
abrj-353	411	17	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	411	18	k.	k.	PROPN
abrj-353	411	19	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	411	20	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	411	21	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	411	22	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	412	1	governance	governance	NOUN
abrj-353	412	2	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	412	3	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	412	4	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
abrj-353	412	5	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	412	6	sub	sub	ADJ
abrj-353	412	7	-	-	ADJ
abrj-353	412	8	saharan	saharan	ADJ
abrj-353	412	9	africa	africa	PROPN
abrj-353	412	10	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	412	11	an	an	DET
abrj-353	412	12	institutional	institutional	ADJ
abrj-353	412	13	perspective	perspective	NOUN
abrj-353	412	14	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	413	1	journal	journal	NOUN
abrj-353	413	2	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	413	3	african	african	ADJ
abrj-353	413	4	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	413	5	studies	study	NOUN
abrj-353	413	6	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	413	7	15(3	15(3	NUM
abrj-353	413	8	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	413	9	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	413	10	87–104	87–104	PROPN
abrj-353	413	11	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	414	1	adesina	adesina	PROPN
abrj-353	414	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	414	3	o.	o.	PROPN
abrj-353	414	4	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	414	5	&	&	CCONJ
abrj-353	414	6	okafor	okafor	PROPN
abrj-353	414	7	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	414	8	m.	m.	NOUN
abrj-353	414	9	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	414	10	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	414	11	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	414	12	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	415	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	415	2	impact	impact	NOUN
abrj-353	415	3	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	415	4	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	415	5	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	415	6	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	415	7	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	415	8	’s	’s	PART
abrj-353	415	9	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	415	10	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	415	11	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	416	1	nigerian	nigerian	ADJ
abrj-353	416	2	journal	journal	PROPN
abrj-353	416	3	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	416	4	economics	economic	NOUN
abrj-353	416	5	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	416	6	finance	finance	NOUN
abrj-353	416	7	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	416	8	30(4	30(4	NUM
abrj-353	416	9	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	416	10	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	416	11	250	250	NUM
abrj-353	416	12	-	-	SYM
abrj-353	416	13	275	275	NUM
abrj-353	416	14	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	417	1	adler	adler	PROPN
abrj-353	417	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	417	3	h.	h.	PROPN
abrj-353	417	4	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	417	5	&	&	CCONJ
abrj-353	417	6	schwartz	schwartz	PROPN
abrj-353	417	7	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	417	8	j.	j.	PROPN
abrj-353	417	9	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	417	10	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	417	11	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	417	12	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	418	1	inflationary	inflationary	ADJ
abrj-353	418	2	trends	trend	NOUN
abrj-353	418	3	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	418	4	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	418	5	stability	stability	NOUN
abrj-353	418	6	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	418	7	developing	develop	VERB
abrj-353	418	8	economies	economy	NOUN
abrj-353	418	9	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	419	1	journal	journal	NOUN
abrj-353	419	2	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	419	3	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	419	4	development	development	NOUN
abrj-353	419	5	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	419	6	18(3	18(3	NUM
abrj-353	419	7	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	419	8	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	419	9	210–225	210–225	NUM
abrj-353	419	10	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	420	1	adler	adler	PROPN
abrj-353	420	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	420	3	p.	p.	PROPN
abrj-353	420	4	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	420	5	&	&	CCONJ
abrj-353	420	6	jin	jin	PROPN
abrj-353	420	7	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	420	8	l.	l.	PROPN
abrj-353	420	9	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	420	10	2022	2022	NUM
abrj-353	420	11	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	420	12	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	421	1	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	421	2	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	421	3	volatility	volatility	NOUN
abrj-353	421	4	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	421	5	latin	latin	PROPN
abrj-353	421	6	america	america	PROPN
abrj-353	421	7	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	422	1	journal	journal	PROPN
abrj-353	422	2	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	422	3	latin	latin	ADJ
abrj-353	422	4	american	american	ADJ
abrj-353	422	5	economics	economic	NOUN
abrj-353	422	6	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	422	7	45(2	45(2	NOUN
abrj-353	422	8	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	422	9	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	422	10	123	123	NUM
abrj-353	422	11	-	-	SYM
abrj-353	422	12	145	145	NUM
abrj-353	422	13	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	423	1	asian	asian	ADJ
abrj-353	423	2	business	business	PROPN
abrj-353	423	3	research	research	NOUN
abrj-353	423	4	journal	journal	NOUN
abrj-353	423	5	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	423	6	2025	2025	NUM
abrj-353	423	7	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	423	8	10(4	10(4	NUM
abrj-353	423	9	):	):	PUNCT
abrj-353	423	10	7	7	NUM
abrj-353	423	11	-	-	SYM
abrj-353	423	12	19	19	NUM
abrj-353	423	13	18	18	NUM
abrj-353	423	14	©	©	PROPN
abrj-353	423	15	2025	2025	NUM
abrj-353	423	16	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	423	17	the	the	DET
abrj-353	423	18	authors	author	NOUN
abrj-353	423	19	;	;	PUNCT
abrj-353	423	20	licensee	licensee	NOUN
abrj-353	423	21	eastern	eastern	ADJ
abrj-353	423	22	centre	centre	NOUN
abrj-353	423	23	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	423	24	science	science	NOUN
abrj-353	423	25	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	423	26	education	education	NOUN
abrj-353	423	27	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	423	28	usa	usa	PROPN
abrj-353	423	29	agarwal	agarwal	PROPN
abrj-353	423	30	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	423	31	a.	a.	PROPN
abrj-353	423	32	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	423	33	krishnan	krishnan	PROPN
abrj-353	423	34	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	423	35	s.	s.	PROPN
abrj-353	423	36	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	423	37	&	&	CCONJ
abrj-353	423	38	weiler	weiler	PROPN
abrj-353	423	39	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	423	40	p.	p.	NOUN
abrj-353	423	41	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	423	42	2024	2024	NUM
abrj-353	423	43	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	423	44	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	424	1	institutional	institutional	ADJ
abrj-353	424	2	theory	theory	NOUN
abrj-353	424	3	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	424	4	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
abrj-353	424	5	accounting	accounting	NOUN
abrj-353	424	6	systems	system	NOUN
abrj-353	424	7	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	424	8	understanding	understand	VERB
abrj-353	424	9	the	the	DET
abrj-353	424	10	costs	cost	NOUN
abrj-353	424	11	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	424	12	risks	risk	NOUN
abrj-353	424	13	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	425	1	journal	journal	NOUN
abrj-353	425	2	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	425	3	management	management	NOUN
abrj-353	425	4	accounting	accounting	NOUN
abrj-353	425	5	research	research	NOUN
abrj-353	425	6	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	425	7	36(1	36(1	NUM
abrj-353	425	8	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	425	9	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	425	10	1	1	NUM
abrj-353	425	11	-	-	SYM
abrj-353	425	12	25	25	NUM
abrj-353	425	13	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	426	1	aaa	aaa	NOUN
abrj-353	426	2	publications	publications	PROPN
abrj-353	426	3	agboola	agboola	PROPN
abrj-353	426	4	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	426	5	j.	j.	PROPN
abrj-353	426	6	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	426	7	&	&	CCONJ
abrj-353	426	8	ojo	ojo	NOUN
abrj-353	426	9	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	426	10	m.	m.	NOUN
abrj-353	426	11	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	426	12	2021	2021	NUM
abrj-353	426	13	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	426	14	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	427	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	427	2	impact	impact	NOUN
abrj-353	427	3	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	427	4	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	427	5	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	427	6	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	427	7	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	427	8	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	427	9	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	427	10	performance	performance	NOUN
abrj-353	427	11	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	427	12	sub	sub	ADJ
abrj-353	427	13	-	-	ADJ
abrj-353	427	14	saharan	saharan	ADJ
abrj-353	427	15	africa	africa	PROPN
abrj-353	427	16	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	428	1	journal	journal	PROPN
abrj-353	428	2	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	428	3	macroeconomic	macroeconomic	ADJ
abrj-353	428	4	studies	study	NOUN
abrj-353	428	5	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	428	6	15(3	15(3	NUM
abrj-353	428	7	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	428	8	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	428	9	203–220	203–220	NUM
abrj-353	428	10	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	429	1	ahmed	ahmed	PROPN
abrj-353	429	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	429	3	s.	s.	PROPN
abrj-353	429	4	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	429	5	yusuf	yusuf	PROPN
abrj-353	429	6	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	429	7	m.	m.	NOUN
abrj-353	429	8	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	429	9	&	&	CCONJ
abrj-353	429	10	olawale	olawale	NOUN
abrj-353	429	11	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	429	12	o.	o.	NOUN
abrj-353	429	13	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	429	14	2022	2022	NUM
abrj-353	429	15	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	429	16	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	430	1	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	430	2	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	430	3	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	430	4	sustainability	sustainability	NOUN
abrj-353	430	5	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	430	6	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	430	7	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	430	8	a	a	DET
abrj-353	430	9	panel	panel	NOUN
abrj-353	430	10	data	datum	NOUN
abrj-353	430	11	approach	approach	NOUN
abrj-353	430	12	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	431	1	nigerian	nigerian	ADJ
abrj-353	431	2	economic	economic	PROPN
abrj-353	431	3	review	review	PROPN
abrj-353	431	4	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	431	5	15(1	15(1	NUM
abrj-353	431	6	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	431	7	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	431	8	87–104	87–104	PROPN
abrj-353	431	9	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	432	1	ahmed	ahmed	PROPN
abrj-353	432	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	432	3	r.	r.	PROPN
abrj-353	432	4	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	432	5	bello	bello	PROPN
abrj-353	432	6	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	432	7	a.	a.	PROPN
abrj-353	432	8	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	432	9	&	&	CCONJ
abrj-353	432	10	yusuf	yusuf	PROPN
abrj-353	432	11	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	432	12	d.	d.	PROPN
abrj-353	432	13	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	432	14	2022	2022	NUM
abrj-353	432	15	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	432	16	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	433	1	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	433	2	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	433	3	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	433	4	debt	debt	NOUN
abrj-353	433	5	servicing	servicing	NOUN
abrj-353	433	6	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	433	7	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	433	8	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	434	1	journal	journal	PROPN
abrj-353	434	2	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	434	3	african	african	ADJ
abrj-353	434	4	development	development	NOUN
abrj-353	434	5	economics	economic	NOUN
abrj-353	434	6	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	434	7	18(3	18(3	NUM
abrj-353	434	8	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	434	9	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	434	10	135	135	NUM
abrj-353	434	11	-	-	SYM
abrj-353	434	12	150	150	NUM
abrj-353	434	13	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	435	1	ahmed	ahmed	PROPN
abrj-353	435	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	435	3	y.	y.	PROPN
abrj-353	435	4	n.	n.	PROPN
abrj-353	435	5	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	435	6	alnafissa	alnafissa	ADJ
abrj-353	435	7	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	435	8	m.	m.	NOUN
abrj-353	435	9	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	435	10	negm	negm	NOUN
abrj-353	435	11	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	435	12	m.	m.	NOUN
abrj-353	435	13	m.	m.	NOUN
abrj-353	435	14	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	435	15	gharieb	gharieb	PROPN
abrj-353	435	16	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	435	17	y.	y.	PROPN
abrj-353	435	18	m.	m.	PROPN
abrj-353	435	19	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	435	20	algarinni	algarinni	PROPN
abrj-353	435	21	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	435	22	a.	a.	PROPN
abrj-353	435	23	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	435	24	&	&	CCONJ
abrj-353	435	25	hassouba	hassouba	PROPN
abrj-353	435	26	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	435	27	t.	t.	NOUN
abrj-353	435	28	a.	a.	NOUN
abrj-353	435	29	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	435	30	2024	2024	NUM
abrj-353	435	31	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	435	32	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	436	1	analyzing	analyze	VERB
abrj-353	436	2	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	436	3	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	436	4	effects	effect	NOUN
abrj-353	436	5	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	436	6	trade	trade	NOUN
abrj-353	436	7	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	436	8	empirical	empirical	ADJ
abrj-353	436	9	evidence	evidence	NOUN
abrj-353	436	10	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	437	1	sustainability	sustainability	NOUN
abrj-353	437	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	437	3	16(10	16(10	NOUN
abrj-353	437	4	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	437	5	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	437	6	4177	4177	NUM
abrj-353	437	7	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	438	1	https://doi.org/10.3390/su16104177	https://doi.org/10.3390/su16104177	PROPN
abrj-353	438	2	ideas	idea	NOUN
abrj-353	438	3	/	/	SYM
abrj-353	438	4	repec	repec	PROPN
abrj-353	438	5	alabi	alabi	PROPN
abrj-353	438	6	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	438	7	a.w	a.w	PROPN
abrj-353	438	8	.	.	PROPN
abrj-353	438	9	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	438	10	atanda	atanda	PROPN
abrj-353	438	11	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	438	12	f.a	f.a	PROPN
abrj-353	438	13	.	.	PROPN
abrj-353	438	14	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	438	15	akintoye	akintoye	PROPN
abrj-353	438	16	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	438	17	i.r	i.r	PROPN
abrj-353	438	18	.	.	PROPN
abrj-353	438	19	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	438	20	&	&	CCONJ
abrj-353	438	21	kajola	kajola	PROPN
abrj-353	438	22	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	438	23	s.g	s.g	PROPN
abrj-353	438	24	.	.	PROPN
abrj-353	438	25	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	438	26	2024	2024	NUM
abrj-353	438	27	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	438	28	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	439	1	internally	internally	ADV
abrj-353	439	2	generated	generate	VERB
abrj-353	439	3	revenue	revenue	NOUN
abrj-353	439	4	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	439	5	public	public	ADJ
abrj-353	439	6	debt	debt	NOUN
abrj-353	439	7	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	439	8	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	439	9	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	439	10	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	439	11	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	439	12	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	440	1	african	african	ADJ
abrj-353	440	2	journal	journal	PROPN
abrj-353	440	3	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	440	4	business	business	NOUN
abrj-353	440	5	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	440	6	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	440	7	research	research	NOUN
abrj-353	440	8	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	440	9	ajber	ajber	PROPN
abrj-353	440	10	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	440	11	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	440	12	19(3	19(3	NUM
abrj-353	440	13	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	440	14	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	440	15	145	145	NUM
abrj-353	440	16	-	-	SYM
abrj-353	440	17	171	171	NUM
abrj-353	440	18	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	441	1	https://doi.org/10.31920/1750-4562/2024/v19n3a7	https://doi.org/10.31920/1750-4562/2024/v19n3a7	NOUN
abrj-353	441	2	alabi	alabi	PROPN
abrj-353	441	3	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	441	4	a.w	a.w	PROPN
abrj-353	441	5	.	.	PROPN
abrj-353	441	6	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	441	7	ojo	ojo	PROPN
abrj-353	441	8	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	441	9	o.d	o.d	PROPN
abrj-353	441	10	.	.	PROPN
abrj-353	441	11	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	441	12	akintoye	akintoye	PROPN
abrj-353	441	13	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	441	14	i.r	i.r	PROPN
abrj-353	441	15	.	.	PROPN
abrj-353	441	16	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	441	17	kolawole	kolawole	PROPN
abrj-353	441	18	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	441	19	j.s	j.s	PROPN
abrj-353	441	20	.	.	PROPN
abrj-353	441	21	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	441	22	&	&	CCONJ
abrj-353	441	23	adeleye	adeleye	NOUN
abrj-353	441	24	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	441	25	g.o	g.o	PROPN
abrj-353	441	26	.	.	PROPN
abrj-353	441	27	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	441	28	2025	2025	NUM
abrj-353	441	29	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	441	30	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	442	1	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	442	2	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	442	3	fluctuation	fluctuation	NOUN
abrj-353	442	4	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	442	5	the	the	DET
abrj-353	442	6	value	value	NOUN
abrj-353	442	7	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	442	8	the	the	DET
abrj-353	442	9	nigerian	nigerian	ADJ
abrj-353	442	10	naira	naira	NOUN
abrj-353	442	11	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	442	12	the	the	DET
abrj-353	442	13	mediating	mediating	NOUN
abrj-353	442	14	effects	effect	NOUN
abrj-353	442	15	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	442	16	pricing	pricing	NOUN
abrj-353	442	17	strategies	strategy	NOUN
abrj-353	442	18	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	442	19	local	local	ADJ
abrj-353	442	20	firms	firm	NOUN
abrj-353	442	21	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	443	1	asian	asian	ADJ
abrj-353	443	2	journal	journal	PROPN
abrj-353	443	3	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	443	4	economics	economic	NOUN
abrj-353	443	5	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	443	6	business	business	NOUN
abrj-353	443	7	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	443	8	accounting	accounting	NOUN
abrj-353	443	9	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	443	10	25(3	25(3	NUM
abrj-353	443	11	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	443	12	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	443	13	422	422	NUM
abrj-353	443	14	-	-	SYM
abrj-353	443	15	438	438	NUM
abrj-353	443	16	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	444	1	https://doi.org/10.9734/ajeba/2025/v25i31720	https://doi.org/10.9734/ajeba/2025/v25i31720	VERB
abrj-353	444	2	ana	ana	PROPN
abrj-353	444	3	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	444	4	a.	a.	PROPN
abrj-353	444	5	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	444	6	rafael	rafael	PROPN
abrj-353	444	7	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	444	8	g.	g.	PROPN
abrj-353	444	9	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	444	10	&	&	CCONJ
abrj-353	444	11	berenice	berenice	PROPN
abrj-353	444	12	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	444	13	m.	m.	NOUN
abrj-353	444	14	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	444	15	2024	2024	NUM
abrj-353	444	16	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	444	17	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	445	1	global	global	ADJ
abrj-353	445	2	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	445	3	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	445	4	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	445	5	expectations	expectation	NOUN
abrj-353	445	6	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	445	7	central	central	ADJ
abrj-353	445	8	banks	bank	NOUN
abrj-353	445	9	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	445	10	emerging	emerge	VERB
abrj-353	445	11	markets	market	NOUN
abrj-353	445	12	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	446	1	bis	bis	PROPN
abrj-353	446	2	working	working	NOUN
abrj-353	446	3	papers	paper	NOUN
abrj-353	446	4	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	446	5	1217	1217	NUM
abrj-353	446	6	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	447	1	bank	bank	NOUN
abrj-353	447	2	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	447	3	international	international	ADJ
abrj-353	447	4	settlements	settlement	NOUN
abrj-353	447	5	bamidele	bamidele	PROPN
abrj-353	447	6	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	447	7	k.	k.	PROPN
abrj-353	447	8	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	447	9	2024	2024	NUM
abrj-353	447	10	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	447	11	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	448	1	impact	impact	NOUN
abrj-353	448	2	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	448	3	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	448	4	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	448	5	volatility	volatility	NOUN
abrj-353	448	6	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	448	7	foreign	foreign	ADJ
abrj-353	448	8	portfolio	portfolio	NOUN
abrj-353	448	9	investment	investment	NOUN
abrj-353	448	10	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	448	11	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	448	12	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	448	13	1986	1986	NUM
abrj-353	448	14	-	-	SYM
abrj-353	448	15	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	448	16	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	448	17	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	449	1	ssrn	ssrn	PROPN
abrj-353	449	2	electronic	electronic	ADJ
abrj-353	449	3	journal	journal	PROPN
abrj-353	449	4	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	450	1	http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4954853	http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4954853	X
abrj-353	450	2	bill	bill	PROPN
abrj-353	450	3	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	450	4	e.	e.	PROPN
abrj-353	450	5	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	450	6	kristin	kristin	PROPN
abrj-353	450	7	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	450	8	f.	f.	PROPN
abrj-353	450	9	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	450	10	&	&	CCONJ
abrj-353	450	11	angel	angel	PROPN
abrj-353	450	12	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	450	13	u.	u.	PROPN
abrj-353	450	14	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	450	15	2024	2024	NUM
abrj-353	450	16	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	450	17	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	451	1	monetary	monetary	ADJ
abrj-353	451	2	policy	policy	NOUN
abrj-353	451	3	responses	response	NOUN
abrj-353	451	4	to	to	ADP
abrj-353	451	5	the	the	DET
abrj-353	451	6	post	post	ADJ
abrj-353	451	7	-	-	ADJ
abrj-353	451	8	pandemic	pandemic	ADJ
abrj-353	451	9	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	451	10	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	451	11	challenges	challenge	NOUN
abrj-353	451	12	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	451	13	lessons	lesson	NOUN
abrj-353	451	14	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	451	15	the	the	DET
abrj-353	451	16	future	future	NOUN
abrj-353	451	17	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	452	1	centre	centre	NOUN
abrj-353	452	2	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	452	3	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	452	4	policy	policy	NOUN
abrj-353	452	5	research	research	NOUN
abrj-353	452	6	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	453	1	blanchard	blanchard	PROPN
abrj-353	453	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	453	3	o.	o.	NOUN
abrj-353	453	4	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	453	5	dell’ariccia	dell’ariccia	NOUN
abrj-353	453	6	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	453	7	g.	g.	PROPN
abrj-353	453	8	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	453	9	&	&	CCONJ
abrj-353	453	10	mauro	mauro	PROPN
abrj-353	453	11	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	453	12	p.	p.	NOUN
abrj-353	453	13	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	453	14	2022	2022	NUM
abrj-353	453	15	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	453	16	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	454	1	public	public	ADJ
abrj-353	454	2	debt	debt	NOUN
abrj-353	454	3	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	454	4	low	low	ADJ
abrj-353	454	5	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	454	6	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	454	7	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	455	1	imf	imf	PROPN
abrj-353	455	2	publications	publication	NOUN
abrj-353	455	3	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	456	1	researchgate	researchgate	ADJ
abrj-353	456	2	bredino	bredino	PROPN
abrj-353	456	3	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	456	4	s.	s.	PROPN
abrj-353	456	5	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	456	6	fiderikumo	fiderikumo	ADJ
abrj-353	456	7	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	456	8	p.	p.	NOUN
abrj-353	456	9	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	456	10	&	&	CCONJ
abrj-353	456	11	adedoyin	adedoyin	PROPN
abrj-353	456	12	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	456	13	a.	a.	NOUN
abrj-353	456	14	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	456	15	2022	2022	NUM
abrj-353	456	16	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	456	17	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	457	1	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	457	2	policy	policy	NOUN
abrj-353	457	3	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	457	4	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	457	5	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	457	6	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	457	7	issues	issue	NOUN
abrj-353	457	8	&	&	CCONJ
abrj-353	457	9	challenges	challenge	NOUN
abrj-353	457	10	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	458	1	international	international	ADJ
abrj-353	458	2	journal	journal	PROPN
abrj-353	458	3	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	458	4	economics	economic	NOUN
abrj-353	458	5	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	458	6	management	management	NOUN
abrj-353	458	7	studies	study	NOUN
abrj-353	458	8	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	458	9	9(5	9(5	NUM
abrj-353	458	10	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	458	11	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	458	12	32	32	NUM
abrj-353	458	13	-	-	SYM
abrj-353	458	14	36	36	NUM
abrj-353	458	15	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	459	1	https://doi.org/10.14445/23939125/ijems-v9i5p104	https://doi.org/10.14445/23939125/ijems-v9i5p104	PROPN
abrj-353	459	2	central	central	PROPN
abrj-353	459	3	bank	bank	PROPN
abrj-353	459	4	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	459	5	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	459	6	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	459	7	cbn	cbn	PROPN
abrj-353	459	8	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	459	9	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	460	1	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	460	2	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	460	3	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	460	4	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	461	1	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	461	2	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	461	3	financial	financial	ADJ
abrj-353	461	4	bulletin	bulletin	NOUN
abrj-353	461	5	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	462	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
abrj-353	462	2	from	from	ADP
abrj-353	462	3	https://www.cbn.gov.ng	https://www.cbn.gov.ng	NOUN
abrj-353	462	4	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	463	1	charles	charles	PROPN
abrj-353	463	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	463	3	o.	o.	PROPN
abrj-353	463	4	n.	n.	PROPN
abrj-353	463	5	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	463	6	&	&	CCONJ
abrj-353	463	7	chilaka	chilaka	ADV
abrj-353	463	8	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	463	9	e.	e.	PROPN
abrj-353	463	10	n.	n.	PROPN
abrj-353	463	11	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	463	12	2019	2019	NUM
abrj-353	463	13	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	463	14	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	464	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	464	2	impact	impact	NOUN
abrj-353	464	3	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	464	4	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	464	5	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	464	6	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	464	7	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	464	8	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	464	9	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	464	10	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	464	11	1981	1981	NUM
abrj-353	464	12	-	-	SYM
abrj-353	464	13	2015	2015	NUM
abrj-353	464	14	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	464	15	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	465	1	management	management	NOUN
abrj-353	465	2	studies	study	NOUN
abrj-353	465	3	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	465	4	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	465	5	systems	system	NOUN
abrj-353	465	6	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	465	7	mses	ms	NOUN
abrj-353	465	8	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	465	9	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	465	10	4(3	4(3	NUM
abrj-353	465	11	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	465	12	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	465	13	171	171	NUM
abrj-353	465	14	-	-	SYM
abrj-353	465	15	195	195	NUM
abrj-353	465	16	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	466	1	msaes.org	msaes.org	PROPN
abrj-353	466	2	davis	davis	PROPN
abrj-353	466	3	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	466	4	k.	k.	PROPN
abrj-353	466	5	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	466	6	&	&	CCONJ
abrj-353	466	7	boianovsky	boianovsky	NOUN
abrj-353	466	8	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	466	9	m.	m.	NOUN
abrj-353	466	10	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	466	11	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	466	12	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	466	13	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	467	1	douglass	douglass	PROPN
abrj-353	467	2	north	north	PROPN
abrj-353	467	3	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	467	4	new	new	ADJ
abrj-353	467	5	institutional	institutional	ADJ
abrj-353	467	6	economics	economic	NOUN
abrj-353	467	7	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	467	8	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	467	9	complexity	complexity	NOUN
abrj-353	467	10	theory	theory	NOUN
abrj-353	467	11	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	468	1	journal	journal	NOUN
abrj-353	468	2	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	468	3	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	468	4	methodology	methodology	NOUN
abrj-353	468	5	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	469	1	debt	debt	NOUN
abrj-353	469	2	management	management	NOUN
abrj-353	469	3	office	office	NOUN
abrj-353	469	4	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	470	1	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	470	2	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	470	3	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	470	4	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	471	1	annual	annual	ADJ
abrj-353	471	2	report	report	NOUN
abrj-353	471	3	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	471	4	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	471	5	’s	’s	PART
abrj-353	471	6	debt	debt	NOUN
abrj-353	471	7	profile	profile	NOUN
abrj-353	471	8	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	471	9	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	471	10	sustainability	sustainability	NOUN
abrj-353	471	11	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	472	1	abuja	abuja	PROPN
abrj-353	472	2	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	472	3	debt	debt	NOUN
abrj-353	472	4	management	management	NOUN
abrj-353	472	5	office	office	NOUN
abrj-353	472	6	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	473	1	douglass	douglass	PROPN
abrj-353	473	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	473	3	n.	n.	PROPN
abrj-353	473	4	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	473	5	1990	1990	NUM
abrj-353	473	6	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	473	7	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	474	1	institutions	institution	NOUN
abrj-353	474	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	474	3	institutional	institutional	ADJ
abrj-353	474	4	change	change	NOUN
abrj-353	474	5	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	474	6	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	474	7	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	474	8	performance	performance	NOUN
abrj-353	474	9	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	475	1	cambridge	cambridge	PROPN
abrj-353	475	2	university	university	PROPN
abrj-353	475	3	press	press	NOUN
abrj-353	475	4	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	476	1	eqs	eqs	PROPN
abrj-353	476	2	group	group	PROPN
abrj-353	476	3	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	477	1	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	477	2	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	477	3	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	477	4	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	478	1	global	global	ADJ
abrj-353	478	2	corruption	corruption	NOUN
abrj-353	478	3	trends	trend	NOUN
abrj-353	478	4	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	478	5	challenges	challenge	NOUN
abrj-353	478	6	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	478	7	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	478	8	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	478	9	insights	insight	NOUN
abrj-353	478	10	from	from	ADP
abrj-353	478	11	the	the	DET
abrj-353	478	12	cpi	cpi	NOUN
abrj-353	478	13	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	478	14	other	other	ADJ
abrj-353	478	15	indices	index	NOUN
abrj-353	478	16	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	479	1	european	european	PROPN
abrj-353	479	2	central	central	PROPN
abrj-353	479	3	bank	bank	PROPN
abrj-353	479	4	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	479	5	ecb	ecb	PROPN
abrj-353	479	6	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	479	7	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	480	1	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	480	2	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	480	3	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	480	4	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	481	1	monetary	monetary	ADJ
abrj-353	481	2	policy	policy	NOUN
abrj-353	481	3	review	review	NOUN
abrj-353	481	4	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	482	1	fatukasi	fatukasi	PROPN
abrj-353	482	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	482	3	b.	b.	PROPN
abrj-353	482	4	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	482	5	kolawole	kolawole	PROPN
abrj-353	482	6	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	482	7	b.	b.	PROPN
abrj-353	482	8	g.	g.	PROPN
abrj-353	482	9	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	482	10	falade	falade	NOUN
abrj-353	482	11	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	482	12	a.	a.	NOUN
abrj-353	482	13	o.	o.	PROPN
abrj-353	482	14	o.	o.	PROPN
abrj-353	482	15	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	482	16	&	&	CCONJ
abrj-353	482	17	ayeomoni	ayeomoni	PROPN
abrj-353	482	18	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	482	19	i.	i.	PROPN
abrj-353	482	20	o.	o.	PROPN
abrj-353	482	21	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	482	22	2020	2020	NUM
abrj-353	482	23	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	482	24	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	483	1	determinants	determinant	NOUN
abrj-353	483	2	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	483	3	external	external	ADJ
abrj-353	483	4	debt	debt	NOUN
abrj-353	483	5	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	483	6	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	483	7	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	483	8	insecurity	insecurity	NOUN
abrj-353	483	9	as	as	ADP
abrj-353	483	10	the	the	DET
abrj-353	483	11	prevalent	prevalent	ADJ
abrj-353	483	12	issue	issue	NOUN
abrj-353	483	13	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	484	1	international	international	ADJ
abrj-353	484	2	journal	journal	PROPN
abrj-353	484	3	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	484	4	management	management	NOUN
abrj-353	484	5	studies	study	NOUN
abrj-353	484	6	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	484	7	social	social	ADJ
abrj-353	484	8	science	science	NOUN
abrj-353	484	9	research	research	NOUN
abrj-353	484	10	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	484	11	2(2	2(2	NUM
abrj-353	484	12	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	484	13	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	484	14	1–8	1–8	X
abrj-353	484	15	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	484	16	federal	federal	PROPN
abrj-353	484	17	reserve	reserve	PROPN
abrj-353	484	18	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	485	1	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	485	2	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	485	3	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	485	4	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	486	1	annual	annual	ADJ
abrj-353	486	2	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	486	3	review	review	NOUN
abrj-353	486	4	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	487	1	ha	ha	INTJ
abrj-353	487	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	487	3	j.	j.	PROPN
abrj-353	487	4	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	487	5	kose	kose	PROPN
abrj-353	487	6	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	487	7	m.	m.	NOUN
abrj-353	487	8	a.	a.	PROPN
abrj-353	487	9	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	487	10	ohnsorge	ohnsorge	NOUN
abrj-353	487	11	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	487	12	f.	f.	PROPN
abrj-353	487	13	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	487	14	&	&	CCONJ
abrj-353	487	15	yilmazkuday	yilmazkuday	PROPN
abrj-353	487	16	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	487	17	h.	h.	PROPN
abrj-353	487	18	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	487	19	2024	2024	NUM
abrj-353	487	20	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	487	21	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	488	1	what	what	PRON
abrj-353	488	2	explains	explain	VERB
abrj-353	488	3	global	global	ADJ
abrj-353	488	4	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	488	5	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	489	1	imf	imf	PROPN
abrj-353	489	2	economic	economic	PROPN
abrj-353	489	3	review	review	PROPN
abrj-353	489	4	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	490	1	https://doi.org/10.1057/s41308-024-00255-w&#8203;:contentreference[oaicite:25]{index=25	https://doi.org/10.1057/s41308-024-00255-w&#8203;:contentreference[oaicite:25]{index=25	ADJ
abrj-353	490	2	}	}	PUNCT
abrj-353	490	3	ibeh	ibeh	PROPN
abrj-353	490	4	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	490	5	f.	f.	PROPN
abrj-353	490	6	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	490	7	2025	2025	NUM
abrj-353	490	8	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	490	9	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	491	1	poor	poor	ADJ
abrj-353	491	2	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	491	3	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	491	4	stalling	stall	VERB
abrj-353	491	5	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	491	6	’s	’s	PART
abrj-353	491	7	progress	progress	NOUN
abrj-353	491	8	–	–	PUNCT
abrj-353	491	9	prince	prince	PROPN
abrj-353	491	10	igho	igho	PROPN
abrj-353	491	11	sadjere	sadjere	PROPN
abrj-353	491	12	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	492	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	492	2	guardian	guardian	PROPN
abrj-353	492	3	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	493	1	international	international	ADJ
abrj-353	493	2	monetary	monetary	ADJ
abrj-353	493	3	fund	fund	NOUN
abrj-353	493	4	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	493	5	imf	imf	PROPN
abrj-353	493	6	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	493	7	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	494	1	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	494	2	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	494	3	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	494	4	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	495	1	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	495	2	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	495	3	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	495	4	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	495	5	stability	stability	NOUN
abrj-353	495	6	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	495	7	emerging	emerge	VERB
abrj-353	495	8	markets	market	NOUN
abrj-353	495	9	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	496	1	international	international	ADJ
abrj-353	496	2	monetary	monetary	ADJ
abrj-353	496	3	fund	fund	NOUN
abrj-353	496	4	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	496	5	imf	imf	PROPN
abrj-353	496	6	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	496	7	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	497	1	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	497	2	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	497	3	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	497	4	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	498	1	corruption	corruption	NOUN
abrj-353	498	2	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	498	3	its	its	PRON
abrj-353	498	4	impact	impact	NOUN
abrj-353	498	5	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	498	6	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	498	7	development	development	NOUN
abrj-353	498	8	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	498	9	a	a	DET
abrj-353	498	10	regional	regional	ADJ
abrj-353	498	11	analysis	analysis	NOUN
abrj-353	498	12	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	499	1	washington	washington	PROPN
abrj-353	499	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	499	3	dc	dc	PROPN
abrj-353	499	4	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	499	5	imf	imf	PROPN
abrj-353	499	6	publications	publication	NOUN
abrj-353	499	7	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	500	1	international	international	ADJ
abrj-353	500	2	monetary	monetary	ADJ
abrj-353	500	3	fund	fund	NOUN
abrj-353	500	4	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	500	5	imf	imf	PROPN
abrj-353	500	6	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	500	7	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	501	1	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	501	2	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	501	3	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	501	4	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	502	1	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	502	2	monitor	monitor	NOUN
abrj-353	502	3	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	502	4	public	public	ADJ
abrj-353	502	5	spending	spending	NOUN
abrj-353	502	6	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
abrj-353	502	7	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	503	1	washington	washington	PROPN
abrj-353	503	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	503	3	d.c	d.c	PROPN
abrj-353	503	4	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	503	5	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	504	1	imf	imf	PROPN
abrj-353	504	2	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	505	1	international	international	ADJ
abrj-353	505	2	monetary	monetary	ADJ
abrj-353	505	3	fund	fund	NOUN
abrj-353	505	4	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	505	5	imf	imf	PROPN
abrj-353	505	6	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	505	7	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	506	1	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	506	2	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	506	3	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	506	4	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	507	1	world	world	PROPN
abrj-353	507	2	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	507	3	outlook	outlook	NOUN
abrj-353	507	4	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	507	5	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	507	6	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	507	7	monetary	monetary	ADJ
abrj-353	507	8	policy	policy	NOUN
abrj-353	507	9	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	508	1	international	international	ADJ
abrj-353	508	2	monetary	monetary	ADJ
abrj-353	508	3	fund	fund	NOUN
abrj-353	508	4	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	508	5	imf	imf	PROPN
abrj-353	508	6	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	508	7	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	509	1	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	509	2	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	509	3	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	509	4	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	510	1	macroeconomic	macroeconomic	ADJ
abrj-353	510	2	stability	stability	NOUN
abrj-353	510	3	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	510	4	the	the	DET
abrj-353	510	5	face	face	NOUN
abrj-353	510	6	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	510	7	inflationary	inflationary	ADJ
abrj-353	510	8	shocks	shock	NOUN
abrj-353	510	9	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	510	10	insights	insight	NOUN
abrj-353	510	11	from	from	ADP
abrj-353	510	12	emerging	emerge	VERB
abrj-353	510	13	markets	market	NOUN
abrj-353	510	14	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	511	1	washington	washington	PROPN
abrj-353	511	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	511	3	dc	dc	PROPN
abrj-353	511	4	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	511	5	imf	imf	PROPN
abrj-353	511	6	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	512	1	jongrim	jongrim	PROPN
abrj-353	512	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	512	3	h.	h.	PROPN
abrj-353	512	4	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	512	5	ayhan	ayhan	PROPN
abrj-353	512	6	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	512	7	k.	k.	PROPN
abrj-353	512	8	m.	m.	PROPN
abrj-353	512	9	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	512	10	franziska	franziska	PROPN
abrj-353	512	11	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	512	12	o.	o.	PROPN
abrj-353	512	13	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	512	14	&	&	CCONJ
abrj-353	512	15	hakan	hakan	PROPN
abrj-353	512	16	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	512	17	y.	y.	PROPN
abrj-353	512	18	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	512	19	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	512	20	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	512	21	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	513	1	understanding	understand	VERB
abrj-353	513	2	the	the	DET
abrj-353	513	3	global	global	ADJ
abrj-353	513	4	drivers	driver	NOUN
abrj-353	513	5	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	513	6	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	513	7	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	513	8	how	how	SCONJ
abrj-353	513	9	important	important	ADJ
abrj-353	513	10	are	be	AUX
abrj-353	513	11	oil	oil	NOUN
abrj-353	513	12	prices	price	NOUN
abrj-353	513	13	?	?	PUNCT
abrj-353	514	1	policy	policy	NOUN
abrj-353	514	2	research	research	NOUN
abrj-353	514	3	working	working	NOUN
abrj-353	514	4	paper	paper	NOUN
abrj-353	514	5	10283	10283	NUM
abrj-353	514	6	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	514	7	world	world	PROPN
abrj-353	514	8	bank	bank	PROPN
abrj-353	514	9	group	group	NOUN
abrj-353	514	10	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	515	1	kwan	kwan	PROPN
abrj-353	515	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	515	3	y.	y.	PROPN
abrj-353	515	4	l.	l.	PROPN
abrj-353	515	5	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	515	6	&	&	CCONJ
abrj-353	515	7	kanda	kanda	PROPN
abrj-353	515	8	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	515	9	n.	n.	PROPN
abrj-353	515	10	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	515	11	2024	2024	NUM
abrj-353	515	12	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	515	13	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	516	1	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	516	2	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	516	3	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	516	4	invoicing	invoicing	NOUN
abrj-353	516	5	currencies	currency	NOUN
abrj-353	516	6	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	516	7	the	the	DET
abrj-353	516	8	margins	margin	NOUN
abrj-353	516	9	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	516	10	exports	export	NOUN
abrj-353	516	11	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	517	1	journal	journal	PROPN
abrj-353	517	2	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	517	3	international	international	ADJ
abrj-353	517	4	money	money	NOUN
abrj-353	517	5	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	517	6	finance	finance	NOUN
abrj-353	517	7	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	517	8	141	141	NUM
abrj-353	517	9	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	518	1	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jimonfin.2024.103016&#8203;:contentreference[oaicite:48]{index=48	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jimonfin.2024.103016&#8203;:contentreference[oaicite:48]{index=48	NOUN
abrj-353	518	2	}	}	PUNCT
abrj-353	518	3	matovu	matovu	NOUN
abrj-353	518	4	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	518	5	m.	m.	NOUN
abrj-353	518	6	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	518	7	2025	2025	NUM
abrj-353	518	8	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	518	9	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	519	1	corruption	corruption	NOUN
abrj-353	519	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	519	3	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	519	4	inefficiencies	inefficiency	NOUN
abrj-353	519	5	threaten	threaten	VERB
abrj-353	519	6	africa	africa	PROPN
abrj-353	519	7	’s	’s	PART
abrj-353	519	8	financial	financial	ADJ
abrj-353	519	9	stability	stability	PROPN
abrj-353	519	10	minister	minister	PROPN
abrj-353	519	11	musasizi	musasizi	PROPN
abrj-353	519	12	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	520	1	nile	nile	PROPN
abrj-353	520	2	post	post	PROPN
abrj-353	520	3	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	521	1	michael	michael	PROPN
abrj-353	521	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	521	3	b.	b.	PROPN
abrj-353	521	4	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	521	5	margit	margit	PROPN
abrj-353	521	6	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	521	7	s.	s.	PROPN
abrj-353	521	8	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	521	9	&	&	CCONJ
abrj-353	521	10	thomas	thomas	PROPN
abrj-353	521	11	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	521	12	c.	c.	PROPN
abrj-353	521	13	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	521	14	2020	2020	NUM
abrj-353	521	15	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	521	16	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	522	1	determinants	determinant	NOUN
abrj-353	522	2	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	522	3	soft	soft	ADJ
abrj-353	522	4	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	522	5	constraints	constraint	NOUN
abrj-353	522	6	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	522	7	how	how	SCONJ
abrj-353	522	8	public	public	ADJ
abrj-353	522	9	debt	debt	NOUN
abrj-353	522	10	affects	affect	VERB
abrj-353	522	11	hospital	hospital	NOUN
abrj-353	522	12	performance	performance	NOUN
abrj-353	522	13	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	522	14	austria	austria	PROPN
abrj-353	522	15	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	523	1	social	social	PROPN
abrj-353	523	2	science	science	PROPN
abrj-353	523	3	&	&	CCONJ
abrj-353	523	4	medicine	medicine	NOUN
abrj-353	523	5	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	523	6	249	249	NUM
abrj-353	523	7	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	523	8	112855	112855	NUM
abrj-353	523	9	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	524	1	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.112855&#8203;:contentreference[oaicite:53]{index=53	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.112855&#8203;:contentreference[oaicite:53]{index=53	PROPN
abrj-353	524	2	}	}	PUNCT
abrj-353	524	3	ministry	ministry	PROPN
abrj-353	524	4	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	524	5	finance	finance	PROPN
abrj-353	524	6	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	525	1	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	525	2	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	525	3	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	525	4	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	526	1	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	526	2	performance	performance	NOUN
abrj-353	526	3	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	526	4	debt	debt	NOUN
abrj-353	526	5	servicing	servicing	NOUN
abrj-353	526	6	report	report	NOUN
abrj-353	526	7	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	527	1	abuja	abuja	PROPN
abrj-353	527	2	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	527	3	ministry	ministry	PROPN
abrj-353	527	4	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	527	5	finance	finance	PROPN
abrj-353	527	6	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	528	1	ministry	ministry	PROPN
abrj-353	528	2	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	528	3	finance	finance	PROPN
abrj-353	528	4	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	529	1	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	529	2	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	529	3	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	529	4	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	530	1	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	530	2	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	530	3	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	530	4	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	530	5	performance	performance	NOUN
abrj-353	530	6	report	report	NOUN
abrj-353	530	7	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	530	8	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	531	1	abuja	abuja	PROPN
abrj-353	531	2	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	531	3	ministry	ministry	PROPN
abrj-353	531	4	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	531	5	finance	finance	PROPN
abrj-353	531	6	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	532	1	mishkin	mishkin	PROPN
abrj-353	532	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	532	3	f.	f.	PROPN
abrj-353	532	4	s.	s.	PROPN
abrj-353	532	5	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	532	6	2021	2021	NUM
abrj-353	532	7	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	532	8	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	533	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	533	2	economics	economic	NOUN
abrj-353	533	3	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	533	4	money	money	NOUN
abrj-353	533	5	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	533	6	banking	banking	NOUN
abrj-353	533	7	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	533	8	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	533	9	financial	financial	ADJ
abrj-353	533	10	markets	market	NOUN
abrj-353	533	11	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	534	1	pearson	pearson	PROPN
abrj-353	534	2	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	535	1	mwangi	mwangi	PROPN
abrj-353	535	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	535	3	j.	j.	PROPN
abrj-353	535	4	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	535	5	otieno	otieno	ADJ
abrj-353	535	6	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	535	7	p.	p.	NOUN
abrj-353	535	8	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	535	9	&	&	CCONJ
abrj-353	535	10	wanjiku	wanjiku	NOUN
abrj-353	535	11	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	535	12	a.	a.	NOUN
abrj-353	535	13	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	535	14	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	535	15	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	535	16	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	536	1	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	536	2	reforms	reform	NOUN
abrj-353	536	3	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	536	4	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	536	5	efficiency	efficiency	NOUN
abrj-353	536	6	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	536	7	evidence	evidence	NOUN
abrj-353	536	8	from	from	ADP
abrj-353	536	9	kenya	kenya	PROPN
abrj-353	536	10	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	537	1	african	african	ADJ
abrj-353	537	2	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	537	3	policy	policy	NOUN
abrj-353	537	4	journal	journal	NOUN
abrj-353	537	5	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	537	6	18(2	18(2	NUM
abrj-353	537	7	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	537	8	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	537	9	45	45	NUM
abrj-353	537	10	-	-	SYM
abrj-353	537	11	67	67	NUM
abrj-353	537	12	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	538	1	https://www.cbn.gov.ng/	https://www.cbn.gov.ng/	PROPN
abrj-353	538	2	asian	asian	PROPN
abrj-353	538	3	business	business	PROPN
abrj-353	538	4	research	research	NOUN
abrj-353	538	5	journal	journal	NOUN
abrj-353	538	6	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	538	7	2025	2025	NUM
abrj-353	538	8	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	538	9	10(4	10(4	NUM
abrj-353	538	10	):	):	PUNCT
abrj-353	538	11	7	7	NUM
abrj-353	538	12	-	-	SYM
abrj-353	538	13	19	19	NUM
abrj-353	538	14	19	19	NUM
abrj-353	538	15	©	©	PROPN
abrj-353	538	16	2025	2025	NUM
abrj-353	538	17	by	by	ADP
abrj-353	538	18	the	the	DET
abrj-353	538	19	authors	author	NOUN
abrj-353	538	20	;	;	PUNCT
abrj-353	538	21	licensee	licensee	NOUN
abrj-353	538	22	eastern	eastern	ADJ
abrj-353	538	23	centre	centre	NOUN
abrj-353	538	24	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	538	25	science	science	NOUN
abrj-353	538	26	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	538	27	education	education	NOUN
abrj-353	538	28	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	538	29	usa	usa	PROPN
abrj-353	538	30	nwala	nwala	PROPN
abrj-353	538	31	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	538	32	m.	m.	NOUN
abrj-353	538	33	n.	n.	PROPN
abrj-353	538	34	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	538	35	&	&	CCONJ
abrj-353	538	36	ogboji	ogboji	NOUN
abrj-353	538	37	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	538	38	t.	t.	PROPN
abrj-353	538	39	b.	b.	PROPN
abrj-353	538	40	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	538	41	2020	2020	NUM
abrj-353	538	42	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	538	43	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	539	1	effect	effect	NOUN
abrj-353	539	2	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	539	3	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	539	4	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	539	5	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	539	6	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	539	7	growth	growth	NOUN
abrj-353	539	8	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	539	9	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	539	10	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	540	1	journal	journal	PROPN
abrj-353	540	2	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	540	3	economics	economic	NOUN
abrj-353	540	4	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	540	5	finance	finance	NOUN
abrj-353	540	6	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	540	7	iosr	iosr	NOUN
abrj-353	540	8	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	540	9	jef	jef	PROPN
abrj-353	540	10	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	540	11	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	540	12	11(1	11(1	NUM
abrj-353	540	13	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	540	14	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	540	15	40	40	NUM
abrj-353	540	16	-	-	SYM
abrj-353	540	17	48	48	NUM
abrj-353	540	18	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	541	1	obi	obi	PROPN
abrj-353	541	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	541	3	c.	c.	PROPN
abrj-353	541	4	e.	e.	PROPN
abrj-353	541	5	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	541	6	2020	2020	NUM
abrj-353	541	7	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	541	8	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	542	1	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	542	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	542	3	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	542	4	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	542	5	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	542	6	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	542	7	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	542	8	the	the	DET
abrj-353	542	9	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	542	10	growth	growth	NOUN
abrj-353	542	11	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	542	12	nigerian	nigerian	PROPN
abrj-353	542	13	perspective	perspective	NOUN
abrj-353	542	14	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	542	15	1981	1981	NUM
abrj-353	542	16	–	–	PUNCT
abrj-353	542	17	2018	2018	NUM
abrj-353	542	18	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	542	19	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	543	1	international	international	ADJ
abrj-353	543	2	journal	journal	PROPN
abrj-353	543	3	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	543	4	business	business	NOUN
abrj-353	543	5	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	543	6	general	general	ADJ
abrj-353	543	7	management	management	NOUN
abrj-353	543	8	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	543	9	ijbgm	ijbgm	PROPN
abrj-353	543	10	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	543	11	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	543	12	9(3	9(3	NUM
abrj-353	543	13	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	543	14	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	543	15	1	1	NUM
abrj-353	543	16	-	-	SYM
abrj-353	543	17	10	10	NUM
abrj-353	543	18	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	544	1	okafor	okafor	PROPN
abrj-353	544	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	544	3	m.	m.	PROPN
abrj-353	544	4	c.	c.	PROPN
abrj-353	544	5	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	544	6	etim	etim	PROPN
abrj-353	544	7	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	544	8	r.	r.	PROPN
abrj-353	544	9	s.	s.	PROPN
abrj-353	544	10	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	544	11	&	&	CCONJ
abrj-353	544	12	efanga	efanga	PROPN
abrj-353	544	13	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	544	14	u.	u.	PROPN
abrj-353	544	15	o.	o.	PROPN
abrj-353	544	16	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	544	17	2021	2021	NUM
abrj-353	544	18	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	544	19	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	545	1	an	an	DET
abrj-353	545	2	empirical	empirical	ADJ
abrj-353	545	3	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
abrj-353	545	4	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	545	5	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	545	6	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	545	7	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	545	8	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	545	9	development	development	NOUN
abrj-353	545	10	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	545	11	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	545	12	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	546	1	journal	journal	PROPN
abrj-353	546	2	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	546	3	asian	asian	ADJ
abrj-353	546	4	multicultural	multicultural	ADJ
abrj-353	546	5	research	research	NOUN
abrj-353	546	6	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	546	7	economy	economy	NOUN
abrj-353	546	8	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	546	9	management	management	NOUN
abrj-353	546	10	study	study	NOUN
abrj-353	546	11	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	546	12	2(3	2(3	NUM
abrj-353	546	13	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	546	14	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	546	15	102	102	NUM
abrj-353	546	16	-	-	SYM
abrj-353	546	17	116	116	NUM
abrj-353	546	18	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	547	1	okeke	okeke	ADJ
abrj-353	547	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	547	3	c.	c.	PROPN
abrj-353	547	4	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	547	5	&	&	CCONJ
abrj-353	547	6	adewuyi	adewuyi	PROPN
abrj-353	547	7	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	547	8	t.	t.	PROPN
abrj-353	547	9	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	547	10	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	547	11	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	547	12	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	548	1	challenges	challenge	NOUN
abrj-353	548	2	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	548	3	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	548	4	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	548	5	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	548	6	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	548	7	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	548	8	a	a	DET
abrj-353	548	9	review	review	NOUN
abrj-353	548	10	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	548	11	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	548	12	performance	performance	NOUN
abrj-353	548	13	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	549	1	journal	journal	NOUN
abrj-353	549	2	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	549	3	african	african	ADJ
abrj-353	549	4	development	development	NOUN
abrj-353	549	5	studies	study	NOUN
abrj-353	549	6	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	549	7	15(3	15(3	NUM
abrj-353	549	8	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	549	9	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	549	10	78	78	NUM
abrj-353	549	11	-	-	SYM
abrj-353	549	12	94	94	NUM
abrj-353	549	13	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	550	1	okonjo	okonjo	PROPN
abrj-353	550	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	550	3	n.	n.	NOUN
abrj-353	550	4	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	550	5	&	&	CCONJ
abrj-353	550	6	eze	eze	PROPN
abrj-353	550	7	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	550	8	c.	c.	PROPN
abrj-353	550	9	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	550	10	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	550	11	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	550	12	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	551	1	debt	debt	NOUN
abrj-353	551	2	servicing	servicing	NOUN
abrj-353	551	3	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	551	4	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	551	5	growth	growth	NOUN
abrj-353	551	6	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	551	7	sub	sub	ADJ
abrj-353	551	8	-	-	ADJ
abrj-353	551	9	saharan	saharan	ADJ
abrj-353	551	10	africa	africa	PROPN
abrj-353	551	11	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	551	12	an	an	DET
abrj-353	551	13	empirical	empirical	ADJ
abrj-353	551	14	analysis	analysis	NOUN
abrj-353	551	15	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	552	1	african	african	ADJ
abrj-353	552	2	journal	journal	PROPN
abrj-353	552	3	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	552	4	development	development	NOUN
abrj-353	552	5	economics	economic	NOUN
abrj-353	552	6	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	552	7	24(1	24(1	NUM
abrj-353	552	8	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	552	9	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	552	10	87–105	87–105	NUM
abrj-353	552	11	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	553	1	olawale	olawale	PROPN
abrj-353	553	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	553	3	a.	a.	NOUN
abrj-353	553	4	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	553	5	hassan	hassan	PROPN
abrj-353	553	6	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	553	7	r.	r.	PROPN
abrj-353	553	8	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	553	9	&	&	CCONJ
abrj-353	553	10	okonjo	okonjo	ADJ
abrj-353	553	11	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	553	12	t.	t.	PROPN
abrj-353	553	13	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	553	14	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	553	15	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	553	16	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	554	1	challenges	challenge	NOUN
abrj-353	554	2	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	554	3	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	554	4	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	554	5	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	554	6	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	554	7	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	554	8	an	an	DET
abrj-353	554	9	institutional	institutional	ADJ
abrj-353	554	10	perspective	perspective	NOUN
abrj-353	554	11	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	555	1	african	african	ADJ
abrj-353	555	2	economic	economic	PROPN
abrj-353	555	3	review	review	PROPN
abrj-353	555	4	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	555	5	29(3	29(3	NUM
abrj-353	555	6	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	555	7	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	555	8	112	112	NUM
abrj-353	555	9	-	-	SYM
abrj-353	555	10	130	130	NUM
abrj-353	555	11	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	555	12	organisation	organisation	NOUN
abrj-353	555	13	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	555	14	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	555	15	co	co	NOUN
abrj-353	555	16	-	-	NOUN
abrj-353	555	17	operation	operation	NOUN
abrj-353	555	18	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	555	19	development	development	NOUN
abrj-353	555	20	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	555	21	oecd	oecd	PROPN
abrj-353	555	22	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	555	23	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	556	1	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	556	2	2022	2022	NUM
abrj-353	556	3	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	556	4	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	557	1	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	557	2	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	557	3	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	557	4	management	management	NOUN
abrj-353	557	5	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	557	6	oecd	oecd	PROPN
abrj-353	557	7	countries	country	NOUN
abrj-353	557	8	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	557	9	trends	trend	NOUN
abrj-353	557	10	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	557	11	policy	policy	NOUN
abrj-353	557	12	recommendations	recommendation	NOUN
abrj-353	557	13	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	558	1	paris	paris	PROPN
abrj-353	558	2	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	558	3	oecd	oecd	PROPN
abrj-353	558	4	publishing	publishing	PROPN
abrj-353	558	5	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	558	6	organisation	organisation	NOUN
abrj-353	558	7	for	for	ADP
abrj-353	558	8	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	558	9	co	co	NOUN
abrj-353	558	10	-	-	NOUN
abrj-353	558	11	operation	operation	NOUN
abrj-353	558	12	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	558	13	development	development	NOUN
abrj-353	558	14	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	558	15	oecd	oecd	PROPN
abrj-353	558	16	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	558	17	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	559	1	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	559	2	2022	2022	NUM
abrj-353	559	3	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	559	4	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	560	1	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	560	2	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	560	3	environments	environment	NOUN
abrj-353	560	4	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	560	5	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	560	6	performance	performance	NOUN
abrj-353	560	7	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	561	1	paris	paris	PROPN
abrj-353	561	2	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	562	1	oecd	oecd	PROPN
abrj-353	562	2	publishing	publishing	PROPN
abrj-353	562	3	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	563	1	onoh	onoh	PROPN
abrj-353	563	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	563	3	u.	u.	PROPN
abrj-353	563	4	a.	a.	PROPN
abrj-353	563	5	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	563	6	anochie	anochie	PROPN
abrj-353	563	7	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	563	8	u.	u.	PROPN
abrj-353	563	9	c.	c.	PROPN
abrj-353	563	10	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	563	11	umoh	umoh	PROPN
abrj-353	563	12	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	563	13	e.	e.	PROPN
abrj-353	563	14	a.	a.	PROPN
abrj-353	563	15	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	563	16	&	&	CCONJ
abrj-353	563	17	efanga	efanga	PROPN
abrj-353	563	18	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	563	19	u.	u.	PROPN
abrj-353	563	20	o.	o.	PROPN
abrj-353	563	21	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	563	22	2021	2021	NUM
abrj-353	563	23	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	563	24	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	564	1	an	an	DET
abrj-353	564	2	empirical	empirical	ADJ
abrj-353	564	3	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
abrj-353	564	4	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	564	5	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	564	6	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	564	7	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	564	8	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	564	9	growth	growth	NOUN
abrj-353	564	10	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	564	11	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	564	12	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	565	1	international	international	ADJ
abrj-353	565	2	journal	journal	PROPN
abrj-353	565	3	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	565	4	auditing	auditing	NOUN
abrj-353	565	5	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	565	6	accounting	accounting	NOUN
abrj-353	565	7	studies	study	NOUN
abrj-353	565	8	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	565	9	3(2	3(2	NUM
abrj-353	565	10	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	565	11	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	565	12	109	109	NUM
abrj-353	565	13	-	-	SYM
abrj-353	565	14	125	125	NUM
abrj-353	565	15	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	566	1	onwuka	onwuka	PROPN
abrj-353	566	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	566	3	i.	i.	PROPN
abrj-353	566	4	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	566	5	2022	2022	NUM
abrj-353	566	6	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	566	7	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	567	1	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	567	2	deficit	deficit	NOUN
abrj-353	567	3	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	567	4	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	567	5	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	567	6	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	567	7	growth	growth	NOUN
abrj-353	567	8	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	567	9	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	567	10	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	567	11	an	an	DET
abrj-353	567	12	empirical	empirical	ADJ
abrj-353	567	13	analysis	analysis	NOUN
abrj-353	567	14	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	568	1	international	international	ADJ
abrj-353	568	2	journal	journal	PROPN
abrj-353	568	3	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	568	4	economics	economic	NOUN
abrj-353	568	5	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	568	6	financial	financial	ADJ
abrj-353	568	7	research	research	NOUN
abrj-353	568	8	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	568	9	8(1	8(1	NOUN
abrj-353	568	10	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	568	11	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	568	12	1	1	NUM
abrj-353	568	13	-	-	SYM
abrj-353	568	14	14	14	NUM
abrj-353	568	15	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	569	1	onyebuchukwu	onyebuchukwu	NOUN
abrj-353	569	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	569	3	o.	o.	PROPN
abrj-353	569	4	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	569	5	2019	2019	NUM
abrj-353	569	6	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	569	7	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	570	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	570	2	effect	effect	NOUN
abrj-353	570	3	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	570	4	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	570	5	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	570	6	on	on	ADP
abrj-353	570	7	the	the	DET
abrj-353	570	8	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	570	9	growth	growth	NOUN
abrj-353	570	10	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	570	11	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	570	12	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	570	13	1999–2018	1999–2018	NUM
abrj-353	570	14	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	570	15	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	571	1	journal	journal	NOUN
abrj-353	571	2	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	571	3	accounting	accounting	NOUN
abrj-353	571	4	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	571	5	financial	financial	ADJ
abrj-353	571	6	management	management	NOUN
abrj-353	571	7	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	571	8	5(3	5(3	NUM
abrj-353	571	9	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	571	10	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	571	11	1	1	NUM
abrj-353	571	12	-	-	SYM
abrj-353	571	13	10	10	NUM
abrj-353	571	14	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	572	1	schick	schick	NOUN
abrj-353	572	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	572	3	a.	a.	NOUN
abrj-353	572	4	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	572	5	2022	2022	NUM
abrj-353	572	6	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	572	7	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	573	1	the	the	DET
abrj-353	573	2	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	573	3	cycle	cycle	NOUN
abrj-353	573	4	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	573	5	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	573	6	practices	practice	NOUN
abrj-353	573	7	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	574	1	oxford	oxford	NOUN
abrj-353	574	2	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	574	3	oxford	oxford	PROPN
abrj-353	574	4	university	university	PROPN
abrj-353	574	5	press	press	NOUN
abrj-353	574	6	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	575	1	sedgo	sedgo	PROPN
abrj-353	575	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	575	3	h.	h.	PROPN
abrj-353	575	4	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	575	5	&	&	CCONJ
abrj-353	575	6	omgba	omgba	PROPN
abrj-353	575	7	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	575	8	l.	l.	PROPN
abrj-353	575	9	d.	d.	PROPN
abrj-353	575	10	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	575	11	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	575	12	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	575	13	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	576	1	corruption	corruption	NOUN
abrj-353	576	2	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	576	3	distortion	distortion	NOUN
abrj-353	576	4	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	576	5	public	public	ADJ
abrj-353	576	6	expenditure	expenditure	NOUN
abrj-353	576	7	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	576	8	evidence	evidence	NOUN
abrj-353	576	9	from	from	ADP
abrj-353	576	10	africa	africa	PROPN
abrj-353	576	11	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	577	1	international	international	ADJ
abrj-353	577	2	tax	tax	NOUN
abrj-353	577	3	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	577	4	public	public	ADJ
abrj-353	577	5	finance	finance	NOUN
abrj-353	577	6	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	577	7	30	30	NUM
abrj-353	577	8	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	577	9	419–452	419–452	NUM
abrj-353	577	10	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	578	1	transparency	transparency	NOUN
abrj-353	578	2	international	international	NOUN
abrj-353	578	3	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	579	1	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	579	2	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	579	3	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	579	4	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	580	1	corruption	corruption	NOUN
abrj-353	580	2	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	580	3	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	580	4	performance	performance	NOUN
abrj-353	580	5	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	580	6	a	a	DET
abrj-353	580	7	global	global	ADJ
abrj-353	580	8	perspective	perspective	NOUN
abrj-353	580	9	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	581	1	berlin	berlin	ADJ
abrj-353	581	2	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	582	1	transparency	transparency	NOUN
abrj-353	582	2	international	international	NOUN
abrj-353	582	3	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	583	1	transparency	transparency	NOUN
abrj-353	583	2	international	international	PROPN
abrj-353	583	3	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	584	1	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	584	2	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	584	3	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	584	4	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	585	1	corruption	corruption	NOUN
abrj-353	585	2	perceptions	perception	NOUN
abrj-353	585	3	index	index	NOUN
abrj-353	585	4	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	585	5	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	586	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
abrj-353	586	2	from	from	ADP
abrj-353	586	3	https://www.transparency.org/en/cpi/2023	https://www.transparency.org/en/cpi/2023	PROPN
abrj-353	586	4	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	587	1	ubadike	ubadike	PROPN
abrj-353	587	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	587	3	i.	i.	PROPN
abrj-353	587	4	o.	o.	PROPN
abrj-353	587	5	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	587	6	kalu	kalu	PROPN
abrj-353	587	7	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	587	8	u.	u.	PROPN
abrj-353	587	9	c.	c.	PROPN
abrj-353	587	10	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	587	11	olisa	olisa	NOUN
abrj-353	587	12	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	587	13	m.	m.	NOUN
abrj-353	587	14	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	587	15	&	&	CCONJ
abrj-353	587	16	nga	nga	PROPN
abrj-353	587	17	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	587	18	c.	c.	PROPN
abrj-353	587	19	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	587	20	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	587	21	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	587	22	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	588	1	real	real	ADJ
abrj-353	588	2	exchange	exchange	NOUN
abrj-353	588	3	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	588	4	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
abrj-353	588	5	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	588	6	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	588	7	targeting	target	VERB
abrj-353	588	8	monetary	monetary	ADJ
abrj-353	588	9	policy	policy	NOUN
abrj-353	588	10	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	588	11	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	588	12	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	589	1	international	international	ADJ
abrj-353	589	2	journal	journal	PROPN
abrj-353	589	3	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	589	4	scientific	scientific	ADJ
abrj-353	589	5	research	research	NOUN
abrj-353	589	6	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	589	7	social	social	ADJ
abrj-353	589	8	sciences	sciences	PROPN
abrj-353	589	9	&	&	CCONJ
abrj-353	589	10	management	management	NOUN
abrj-353	589	11	studies	study	NOUN
abrj-353	589	12	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	589	13	7(1	7(1	NUM
abrj-353	589	14	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	589	15	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	589	16	331	331	NUM
abrj-353	589	17	-	-	SYM
abrj-353	589	18	351	351	NUM
abrj-353	589	19	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	590	1	ugwuanyi	ugwuanyi	PROPN
abrj-353	590	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	590	3	g.	g.	PROPN
abrj-353	590	4	o.	o.	PROPN
abrj-353	590	5	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	590	6	efanga	efanga	PROPN
abrj-353	590	7	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	590	8	u.	u.	PROPN
abrj-353	590	9	o.	o.	PROPN
abrj-353	590	10	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	590	11	&	&	CCONJ
abrj-353	590	12	ndubuisi	ndubuisi	PROPN
abrj-353	590	13	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	590	14	o.	o.	PROPN
abrj-353	590	15	c.	c.	PROPN
abrj-353	590	16	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	590	17	2021	2021	NUM
abrj-353	590	18	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	590	19	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	591	1	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	591	2	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
abrj-353	591	3	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	591	4	economic	economic	ADJ
abrj-353	591	5	development	development	NOUN
abrj-353	591	6	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	591	7	nigeria	nigeria	PROPN
abrj-353	591	8	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	592	1	journal	journal	PROPN
abrj-353	592	2	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	592	3	international	international	ADJ
abrj-353	592	4	money	money	NOUN
abrj-353	592	5	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	592	6	banking	banking	NOUN
abrj-353	592	7	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	592	8	finance	finance	NOUN
abrj-353	592	9	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	592	10	2(2	2(2	NUM
abrj-353	592	11	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	592	12	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	592	13	217	217	NUM
abrj-353	592	14	-	-	SYM
abrj-353	592	15	236	236	NUM
abrj-353	592	16	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	593	1	world	world	PROPN
abrj-353	593	2	bank	bank	PROPN
abrj-353	593	3	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	594	1	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	594	2	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	594	3	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	594	4	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	595	1	enhancing	enhance	VERB
abrj-353	595	2	budget	budget	NOUN
abrj-353	595	3	implementation	implementation	NOUN
abrj-353	595	4	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	595	5	sub	sub	ADJ
abrj-353	595	6	-	-	ADJ
abrj-353	595	7	saharan	saharan	ADJ
abrj-353	595	8	africa	africa	PROPN
abrj-353	595	9	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	595	10	lessons	lesson	NOUN
abrj-353	595	11	from	from	ADP
abrj-353	595	12	south	south	PROPN
abrj-353	595	13	africa	africa	PROPN
abrj-353	595	14	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	596	1	washington	washington	PROPN
abrj-353	596	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	596	3	d.c	d.c	PROPN
abrj-353	596	4	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	596	5	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	596	6	world	world	PROPN
abrj-353	596	7	bank	bank	PROPN
abrj-353	596	8	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	597	1	world	world	PROPN
abrj-353	597	2	bank	bank	PROPN
abrj-353	597	3	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	598	1	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	598	2	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	598	3	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	598	4	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	599	1	governance	governance	NOUN
abrj-353	599	2	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	599	3	the	the	DET
abrj-353	599	4	role	role	NOUN
abrj-353	599	5	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	599	6	institutions	institution	NOUN
abrj-353	599	7	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	599	8	combating	combat	VERB
abrj-353	599	9	corruption	corruption	NOUN
abrj-353	599	10	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	600	1	washington	washington	PROPN
abrj-353	600	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	600	3	d.c	d.c	PROPN
abrj-353	600	4	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	600	5	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	600	6	world	world	PROPN
abrj-353	600	7	bank	bank	PROPN
abrj-353	600	8	publications	publication	NOUN
abrj-353	600	9	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	601	1	world	world	PROPN
abrj-353	601	2	bank	bank	PROPN
abrj-353	601	3	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	602	1	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	602	2	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	602	3	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	602	4	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	603	1	institutional	institutional	ADJ
abrj-353	603	2	governance	governance	NOUN
abrj-353	603	3	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	603	4	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	603	5	rate	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	603	6	management	management	NOUN
abrj-353	603	7	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	603	8	developing	develop	VERB
abrj-353	603	9	countries	country	NOUN
abrj-353	603	10	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	604	1	washington	washington	PROPN
abrj-353	604	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	604	3	d.c	d.c	PROPN
abrj-353	604	4	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	604	5	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	604	6	world	world	PROPN
abrj-353	604	7	bank	bank	PROPN
abrj-353	604	8	publications	publication	NOUN
abrj-353	604	9	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	605	1	world	world	PROPN
abrj-353	605	2	bank	bank	PROPN
abrj-353	605	3	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	606	1	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	606	2	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	606	3	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	606	4	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	607	1	inflation	inflation	NOUN
abrj-353	607	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	607	3	debt	debt	NOUN
abrj-353	607	4	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	607	5	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	607	6	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
abrj-353	607	7	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
abrj-353	607	8	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	607	9	a	a	DET
abrj-353	607	10	comparative	comparative	ADJ
abrj-353	607	11	analysis	analysis	NOUN
abrj-353	607	12	of	of	ADP
abrj-353	607	13	lowand	lowand	ADJ
abrj-353	607	14	middle	middle	ADJ
abrj-353	607	15	-	-	PUNCT
abrj-353	607	16	income	income	NOUN
abrj-353	607	17	countries	country	NOUN
abrj-353	607	18	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	608	1	washington	washington	PROPN
abrj-353	608	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	608	3	d.c	d.c	PROPN
abrj-353	608	4	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	608	5	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	608	6	world	world	PROPN
abrj-353	608	7	bank	bank	PROPN
abrj-353	608	8	publications	publication	NOUN
abrj-353	608	9	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	609	1	world	world	PROPN
abrj-353	609	2	bank	bank	PROPN
abrj-353	609	3	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	610	1	(	(	PUNCT
abrj-353	610	2	2023	2023	NUM
abrj-353	610	3	)	)	PUNCT
abrj-353	610	4	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	611	1	interest	interest	NOUN
abrj-353	611	2	rates	rate	NOUN
abrj-353	611	3	and	and	CCONJ
abrj-353	611	4	institutional	institutional	ADJ
abrj-353	611	5	quality	quality	NOUN
abrj-353	611	6	in	in	ADP
abrj-353	611	7	developing	develop	VERB
abrj-353	611	8	economies	economy	NOUN
abrj-353	611	9	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	612	1	washington	washington	PROPN
abrj-353	612	2	,	,	PUNCT
abrj-353	612	3	d.c	d.c	PROPN
abrj-353	612	4	.	.	PUNCT
abrj-353	612	5	:	:	PUNCT
abrj-353	612	6	world	world	PROPN
abrj-353	612	7	bank	bank	PROPN
abrj-353	612	8	.	.	PUNCT