




































ASIAN FINANCE & BANKING REVIEW 7(1) (2023), 17-22

 

17 

 

FINANCE & BANKING REVIEW 

  ASFBR VOL 7 NO 1 (2023) P-ISSN 2576-1161   E-ISSN 2576-1188 
 

Available online at https://www.cribfb.com 

Journal homepage: https://www.cribfb.com/journal/index.php/asfbr 
Published by CRIBFB, USA 

CONTRIBUTION OF CSR ACTIVITIES TO DISASTER 

MANAGEMENT IN BANGLADESH: A STUDY ON BANKING 

SECTORS                                                           

   
 Md. Idris Ali  (a)1 

 

(a) Assistant Professor (Statistics), Department of Business Studies, North Bengal International University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh; E-mail: 

idris.stat@gmail.com 

  

 

 
A R T I C L E I N F O 

 
 

Article History: 
 

Received: 22nd April 2023  

Revised: 28th June 2023 

Accepted: 24th July 2023 

Published: 28th July 2023 

 
Keywords: 

CSR, Natural Disaster, Disaster 

Management, Banks.  

 
      JEL Classification Codes:  

 

      M14, M19, Q54 

 
 

 

 
A B S T R A C T 

 
Bangladesh, facing recurring challenges from natural disasters, necessitates an examination of the 
banking sector's CSR activities in the context of disaster management. No doubt, there are many 

countries in the world where disaster is a great problem. Bangladesh is also a potential disaster country. 

Therefore, this study tries to investigate the role of corporate social responsibility of banking sectors on 

disaster management. Time series data is considered from 2015 to 2021 for this study. In this study, 

statistical tools like percentage distribution and trend line were performed using Excel and SPSS 
software. The results disclosed that the health sector contribution of Islamic Shariah-based banks is 

greater than that of conventional private commercial banks. Following that, state-owned commercial 

banks and foreign commercial banks make contributions to the health sector. Finally, there is no 

substantial difference in proportion of total CSR activity between Islamic Shariah-based banks and 

conventional private commercial banks between 2018 and 2021, without other years. The results also 

found that the amount of percentage of damage of crops, livestock and homestead forestry decrease from 

2015 to 2021. The findings stated that the overall percentage of CSR activities increased in those years. 

 
 

© 2023 by the authors. Licensee CRIBFB, USA. This article is an open access article  distributed 

under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license 

(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). 

                                                                  

 

INTRODUCTION 

Man-made disasters are the result of human activities, whereas natural disasters, including floods, droughts, cyclones, 

riverbank erosion, thunderstorms, tornadoes, and landslides, stem from the forces of nature (Sattar, 2017). The financial 

ramifications of these disasters are substantial, with a total damage and loss in 2021 amounting to TK. 1,791,988 million. 

The Dhaka division suffered the highest damage and loss at TK. 380,345 million (21.22%), followed by Rangpur at TK. 

280,593 million (15.66%), and Barisal at TK. 235,444 million (13.14%). Floods accounted for the most significant damage 

and loss, totaling TK. 1,010,882 million (56.41%), followed by river and coastal erosion at TK. 268,703 million (14.99%) 

and cyclones at TK. 255,382 million (14.25%), while landslides had the lowest impact at TK. 6,082 million (0.34%) in 

2021. Dhaka, Rangpur, and Barisal divisions were the most affected, with 31.51%, 27.93%, and 15.70% of the total damage 

and loss attributed to drought, respectively. The Dhaka division bore the brunt of flood-related damage and loss at 24.20%, 

with Rangpur at 19.30% and Mymensingh at 14.80%, whereas Khulna experienced the least impact at 0.40%. Due to 

cyclones, Khulna division accounted for 43.74% of the damage and loss, while Barisal division accounted for 33.62%. 

Coastal and river erosion predominantly impacted Dhaka (34.04%), Rangpur (24.54%), and Khulna (10.94%). In contrast, 

Chattogram division suffered the most from landslides at 94.41%, with Sylhet experiencing 5.60% damage and loss (BDRS-

2021). 

Against this backdrop, the study aims to facilitate a comparative analysis of CSR expenditure across all sectors of 

the banking industry, shedding light on the sector's impact on disaster resilience and public health. CSR has gained 

prominence in recent years as businesses are expected to go beyond profit-making and contribute to the well-being of 

society. Bangladesh, like many other countries, is emphasizing the importance of CSR in corporate operations. 

                                                      
1Corresponding author: ORCID ID: 0009-0000-4771-4738 

© 2023 by the authors. Hosting by CRIBFB. Peer review under responsibility of CRIBFB, USA.  

https://doi.org/10.46281/asfbr.v7i1.2109 

 

To cite this article: Ali, M. I. (2023). CONTRIBUTION OF CSR ACTIVITIES TO DISASTER MANAGEMENT IN BANGLADESH: A STUDY ON 

BANKING SECTORS. Asian Finance & Banking Review, 7(1), 17-22. https://doi.org/10.46281/asfbr.v7i1.2109 

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
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http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
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https://doi.org/10.46281/asfbr.v7i1.2109
https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4771-4738


Ali, Asian Finance & Banking Review 7(1) (2023), 17-22

  

18 
 

Understanding how banks in Bangladesh engage in CSR activities related to disaster management can shed light on the 

growing significance of CSR in the country. 

Swaen et al. (2008), reveals that the definition of CSR is varied and numerous. CSR stands for Corporate Social 

Responsibility. It is a concept that refers to a company's commitment to conducting its business in an ethical and socially 

responsible manner (Collier & Esteban, 2007). CSR involves a company taking responsibility for the impact of its activities 

on various stakeholders, including employees, customers, communities, and the environment. The increasing global 

emphasis on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) as a means to achieve Sustainable Development Goals, as recognized 

by the United Nations, underscores the pivotal role that CSR plays in addressing societal and environmental challenges 

(CSR report-2021, Bangladesh Bank). CSR, a facet of business ethics, encapsulates a corporation's commitment to societal 

well-being within the framework of its operations (Cornelius et al., 2008).  

The corporate social responsibility contributed as a commitment of organization's to enhance community by way 

of contribution of the organization's resources and discretionary business practices (Kotler, et. al., 2005). According to CSR 

perspective, organizations may be subsidiary in the formation in the world (Friedman and Miles, 2002). The study can assist 

in resource allocation for disaster preparedness, relief, and recovery efforts. By identifying the most affected regions and 

types of disasters, authorities can allocate resources more effectively, ensuring that areas at higher risk receive the necessary 

attention Understanding which regions and types of disasters are most severely affected financially can aid in the allocation 

of resources and the development of targeted disaster management strategies. 

The following sections encompass the review of literature, the materials and methods described, the presentation 

of results, an in-depth discussion, and the summarizing conclusions. 

  

LITERATURE REVIEW 

Sattar (2017) revealed that, most of the banks, there is no taken initiatives in disaster management risk except donating some 

medicine to the different kinds of disease and some money as relief activities. In the name of relief activities, they just take 

some initiatives, for the natural disaster affected peoples under corporate social responsibility. Investigated that, in 

Bangladesh, most of the  companies are demonstrating commitment for health, local capacity building, infrastructure 

development, disaster relief, job creation,  and many other socially responsibility activities. In view of this, the engagement 

of banking sectors in terms of financial inclusion, direct monetary expenditure, environmental banking, community 

investment and CSR activities specially disaster management have sufficient increased (Halder & Rahman, 2014). Ahmed 

(2017), the study also investigates that environment is the lowest emphasized of CSR in the selected banks. It reveals that 

Islami Bank Bangladesh Limited should follow Bangladesh Bank guidelines to its annual report also reported their 

expenditure of CSR and should increase expenditures amount of CSR. Bangladesh Bank needs to sufficient monitoring over 

the CSR activities Islami banks Bangladesh Limited. 

Rahman at. el., (2013), the activities of the general CSR performed by NBL mainly include financing in educational 

sector, disaster relief distribution, sponsoring in arts & cultural and sports activities etc. Comparing to several sectors it is 

found that National Bank Limited has principal contribution in health sector that almost covers 33% and of its total 

contribution and it contributed in natural disaster 22%. Lindgreen et al. (2021) reveal that almost every bank is involved in 

the CSR activities. Among private commercial banks and all the scheduled banks contribute relatively more finance than 

other banks. It is also observed that, Bangladesh banking sector is mainly engaged in CSR activities through contributions 

education, health, disaster management, infrastructure development, environment and cultural welfare in remote areas. 

Rashid (2014), indicated that, the expenditure of Islami Bank Bangladesh Limited in CSR is more than other banks and 

health sector is significant. During several natural disaster, Islami Bank Bangladesh Limited come forward for giving relief 

into PM's Relief Fund for the disaster victims. 

Finally reveals that, corporate social responsibility is played an important role for disaster affected people after natural 

disasters to access relief and create rehabilitation for the community people (Sultana et al., 2020). Osa (2013), this study 

indicate that, in the worldwide, many disasters affect more than 55% of the total population and all lives and assets damage 

is almost 42%. 

Besides this, there is no specific study that explores the relationship between CSR activities and disaster 

management and the amount of damage and loss by natural disaster in Bangladesh perspective. In this study, of author is an 

effort to fill up this gap. 

 

MATERIALS AND METHODS 

Data Sources 

The primary source of data for this study was the half-yearly Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) reports of Banks and 

Financial Institutions (FIs). These reports provide detailed information about the CSR activities and expenditures of the 

various institutions, offering insight into their corporate sustainability initiatives. 

Additional data were sourced from the Sustainable Finance Department of the Bangladesh Bank. This information 

is crucial for understanding the regulatory framework and guidelines governing CSR activities in the banking sector. 

To analyze the relationship between CSR Expenditure and natural disaster factors, data related to natural disasters 

were obtained from the Bangladesh Disaster-related Statistics (BDRS) for the year 2021. This data includes information 

about the occurrence and impact of natural disasters in Bangladesh. 

Data Processing 

The collected data from the aforementioned sources were processed and organized using Microsoft Excel. This involved 

data cleaning, structuring, and creating datasets for subsequent analysis. Excel was utilized for its versatility in handling 



Ali, Asian Finance & Banking Review 7(1) (2023), 17-22

  

19 
 

tabular data. 

To perform in-depth statistical analysis, SPSS software was employed. SPSS is widely recognized for its 

capabilities in statistical testing, regression analysis, and data visualization. The software was instrumental in deriving 

meaningful insights from the dataset. 

Data Analysis 

The CSR Expenditure data was subjected to percentage and trend analysis to understand how CSR spending has evolved 

over time and to identify patterns and trends in expenditure. The study explored the relationship between CSR Expenditure 

and natural disaster factors. This analysis likely involved correlation or regression analysis to determine whether there is a 

statistically significant association between CSR spending and the occurrence or impact of natural disasters. 

The research compared and analyzed the contribution of CSR activities among different categories of banks, 

specifically: 

 State-owned commercial banks (SOCBs): These are banks owned by the government. The study likely 

examined the extent and nature of CSR activities in SOCBs. 

 Private commercial banks (PCBs): This category was further divided into conventional PCBs and Islami 

Shariah-Based PCBs to evaluate and contrast CSR initiatives in these segments. 

 Foreign commercial banks (FCBs): The study also examined the CSR activities of foreign commercial 

banks operating in Bangladesh, comparing them with domestic banks. 

 

RESULTS 

The figure 1 shows the disaster management contribution (in crore tk.) of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) for 

different kinds of Bank such as State-owned commercial banks (SOCBs), Islami Shariah Based PCBs (ISB PCBs), 

Conventional PCBs (CPCBs) and foreign commercial banks (FCBs) in 2015-2021. The Islami shariah based PCBs (ISB 

PBCs) contributed disaster management above Tk. 6 crore which is around 6 times of State-owned commercial banks 

(SOCBs) categorical banks, double of Conventional PCBs (CPCBs) categorical banks and approximately 53 times of 

Foreign commercial banks (FCBs) categorical banks in 2015. The contribution of Islami shariah based PCBs and 

Conventional PCBs in disaster management are increased from 2015 to 2018 and suddenly decreased in 2019 and then 

upward and downward from 2019 to 2021.  On the other hand, the contribution of State-owned commercial banks and 

foreign commercial banks in disaster management are decreased from 2015 to 2018 and suddenly increased in 2019 next 

up and down from 2019 to 2021. Finally the CSR activities of Islami shariah based PCBs is always greater than all other 

banks. 

 

 
Figure 1. Contribution of Disaster Management per Bank. 

Source: Author Calculation 

 

From figure 2, it indicates that the health contribution (in crore tk.) of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) for 

different kinds of Bank such as State-owned commercial banks (SOCBs), Islami Shariah Based PCBs (ISB PCBs), 

Conventional PCBs (CPCBs) and Foreign commercial banks (FCBs) in 2015-2021. The Islami Shariah Based PCBs 

contributed health approximately Tk. 5 crore which is nearly 10 times of State-owned commercial banks (SOCBs) 

categorical banks, 3 times of Conventional PCBs (CPCBs) categorical banks and above 5 times of Foreign commercial 

banks (FCBs) categorical banks in 2015. The contribution of CSR activities in health for State-owned commercial banks, 

Islami Shariah Based PCBs, Conventional PCBs and Foreign commercial banks are decreased from 2015 to 2018 and 

suddenly decreased in 2019. Subsequently the health contribution of Islami Shariah Based PCBs and Conventional PCBs 

are increased in 2019 to 2021. On the contrary, the health contribution of State-owned commercial banks and foreign 

commercial banks are up ward and down ward in 2019 to 2021. 

 

0

5

10

15

20

2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021C
o

n
tr

ib
u

ti
o

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 C

ro
re

 in
 T

k.

Year

State-owned commercial banks
(SOCBs)

Islami Shariah Based PCBs

Conventional PCBs

Foreign commercial banks (FCBs)



Ali, Asian Finance & Banking Review 7(1) (2023), 17-22

  

20 
 

 

Figure 2. Health Contribution per Bank 
Source: Author Calculation 

 

The table 1 indicated that the percentage of the total contribution in the corporate Social Responsibility is taken 

from 60 banks in Bangladesh between 2015 t0 2021. Now this table reveals the largest amount of percentage of corporate 

social responsibility came from conventional PCBs is 56.67% which is gives as nearly 2 times from Islami Shariah Based 

PCBs (ISB PCBs) is 33.08%, next 14 times from State-owned commercial banks (SOCBs) is 4.22% and then approximately 

10 times from Foreign commercial banks (FCBs) is 5.99% in 2015. Next it is indicated the contributions of all banks are up 

ward and down ward from 2015 to 2021. 

 

Table 1. Percentage table of several banks in the Corporate Social Responsibility 

 

Year 
Islami Shariah Based 

PCBs (ISB PCBs) 

State-owned commercial banks 

(SOCBs) 

Conventional PCBs 

(CPCBs) 

Foreign commercial banks 

(FCBs) 

2015 33.08 4.22 56.67 5.99 

2016 37.73 6.55 50.92 4.78 

2017 35.81 0.31 62.13 1.73 

2018 49.05 0.55 48.83 1.54 

2019 42.97 1.22 53.45 2.33 

2020 37.40 0.65 59.03 2.91 

2021 43.07 0.90 55.33 0.68 

Source: Author Calculation 

 

The table 2 shows that in the year 2015, the total amount of CSR activities in education ranked first (Tk. 158.36 

crore), followed by disaster management (Tk. 144.14 crore) and then health (Tk. 111.14 crore) and the least contribution of 

CSR activities is Tk. 4.03 crore. The total amount of CSR activities in education and disaster management are increased 

from 2015 to 2018, the rest of all sectors are up ward and down ward from 2015 to 2019. During covid-19, the contribution 

of CSR activities in health and infrastructure development are rapidly increased in 2020-2021 but all other sectors are up 

ward and down ward in 2019-2021. Finally it is clear that the contribution of CSR activities in health is the height, followed 

by disaster management and then health. At last it is found that the least contribution of CSR activities in income generating 

activities. 

 

Table 2. Total contribution table of sector wises in the Corporate Social Responsibility 

 

Y
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s 

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E
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n

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a
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 C

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S
p

o
r
ts

 a
n

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C
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e 

In
fr

a
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In
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G
en

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a

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A
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it

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O
th

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r 

2015 158.36 111.14 144.62 15.04 41.40 4.03 7.92 44.85 

2016 148.86 38.18 188.31 11.41 20.65 1.51 26.15 61.68 

2017 202.83 58.7 329.33 8.43 35.89 1.36 0.36 107.09 

2018 380.03 51.68 330.84 2.79 45.00 1.55 0.95 91.79 

2019 176.63 73.33 242.79 33.07 28.00 1.37 0.12 92.56 

2020 104.32 174.8 406.13 23.91 89.30 8.88 0.05 160.16 

2021 54.5 312.1 266.6 27.61 26.65 23.54 0.53 47.68 

Total 1225.53 819.93 1908.62 122.26 286.89 42.24 36.08 605.81 

Source: Author Calculation 

 
The figure 3 shows that sector wise damages and losses and disaster management contribution for various methods 

of cultivation in Bangladesh. In both years, according to natural disaster the land degradation including reduced valuation 

approximately half times as much as crops which are the next largest amount accounted for 36.2% in 2015 and for 28.9% 

in 2021 and compared with disaster management rate of corporate social responsibility for 27.42% in 2015 and for 35.12% 

in 2021. On the contrary the amount of disaster management rate of corporate social responsibility for 27.42% in 2015 and 

0.000

5.000

10.000

15.000

20.000

2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

C
o

n
tr

ib
u

ti
o

n
 C

ro
re

 in
 T

k.

Year

State-owned commercial
banks (SOCBs)

Islami Shariah Based PCBs

Conventional PCBs

Foreign commercial banks
(FCBs)



Ali, Asian Finance & Banking Review 7(1) (2023), 17-22

  

21 
 

for 35.12% in 2021which is greater than the rate of livestock, poultry, fishery, dwelling & others infrastructure and 

homestead forestry for 4.76%, 1.21%, 5.82%, 17.19% and 8.1% in 2015 and for 3.98%, 1.51%, 3.71%, 7.38% and 1.96% 

in 2021 respectively. 

 

 
Figure 3. Sector wise damage and loss (In Million Tk. %) by disaster and disaster contribution of CSR 

Source: Author Calculation 

 

DISCUSSIONS 

Islamic Shariah Based PCBs emerge as prominent contributors to disaster management and health, consistently surpassing 

other bank categories. Their commitment to CSR activities remains strong, contrast to State-owned commercial banks 

(SOCBs) and foreign commercial banks (FCBs), which exhibit varying levels of engagement. The fluctuations observed in 

CSR contributions between 2015 and 2021 suggest a dynamic landscape where priorities and strategies may shift within 

these institutions. Moreover, the sharp increase in CSR contributions for health during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020-

2021) reflects the banking sector's adaptability in addressing unprecedented global crises. 

The distribution of CSR contributions among different bank categories, with Conventional PCBs leading in terms 

of the highest percentage of the total CSR contributions. This underscores the consistent leadership of Conventional PCBs 

in CSR activities in Bangladesh, emphasizing their unwavering commitment to societal and environmental welfare. The 

sector-wise distribution of CSR contributions, with education and disaster management taking precedence in 2015, followed 

by health and other activities. Notably, the surge in health and infrastructure development contributions during the COVID-

19 pandemic underscores CSR's flexibility in addressing emerging needs.  

 

CONCLUSIONS 

In this study, these findings have important implications for policy development and strategic planning within the 

Bangladeshi banking sector. They underscore the significance of maintaining consistent and adaptable CSR efforts, 

especially during health crises like the COVID-19 pandemic. The exceptional performance of Islamic Shariah Based PCBs 

in CSR initiatives in disaster management and the pronounced contributions highlight the need for a deeper exploration of 

the practices that set these banks apart. Moreover, the study underscores the importance of achieving a more balanced 

distribution of CSR contributions among various sectors, with particular attention to areas that may have been 

underrepresented, such as income-generating activities. 

The study's findings are limited by the availability and quality of data, potentially affecting the precision of the 

results and their generalizability to other contexts. While the study highlights trends in CSR activities, it does not establish 

causality or provide in-depth qualitative insights into the motivations and outcomes of these activities, leaving room for 

more extensive and comprehensive research in the future. In essence, future research should focus on the practical 

implications and effectiveness of CSR initiatives, the strategies employed by successful banks, and the role of regulatory 

bodies in fostering responsible banking practices. This can contribute to the continual improvement of CSR activities and 

their positive impact on society in Bangladesh and beyond. 

 

 
Author Contributions: Conceptualization, M.I.A.; Methodology, M.I.A.; Software, M.I.A.; Validation, M.I.A.; Formal Analysis, M.I.A.; Investigation, 
M.I.A.; Resources, M.I.A.; Data Curation, M.I.A.; Writing – Original Draft Preparation, M.I.A.; Writing – Review & Editing, M.I.A.; Visualization, 

M.I.A.; Supervision, M.I.A.; Project Administration, M.I.A.; Funding Acquisition, M.I.A.” Authors have read and agreed to the published version of the 

manuscript. 

Institutional Review Board Statement: Ethical review and approval were waived for this study, due to that the research does not deal with vulnerable 

groups or sensitive issues. 

Funding: The authors received no direct funding for this research. 
Acknowledgement: Not applicable. 

Informed Consent Statement: Informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study. 

Data Availability Statement: The data presented in this study are available on request from the corresponding author. The data are not publicly available 
due to restrictions. 

Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest. 

 

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35.12

2015 2021



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