EFFECT OF SELECTED INSECTICIDE ON WHITEFLY (Bemisia tabaci) INFESTING BRINJAL PLANTS


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The Innovative Directions in Agriculture of Kazakhstan 
 

Dinar Abdrakhmanova  

Graduate School, Mongolian State University of Agriculture, Mongolia 

 

Purev Byamba 

School of Economics and Business, State University of Agriculture, Mongolia 

 

Kadrinov Maulet 

Department of Finance, Faculty of Economics, Kazakh Agro-Technical University named after S. 

Seifullin, Kazakhstan  

Abstract 

In this article ways of increase of competitiveness of agrarian production, on the basis of 

introduction of the innovative directions in agriculture are considered. For a sustainable 

development of agriculture the innovative policy which basis there is an increase of efficiency of 

use of scientific and technical achievements has defining value. Becomes obvious that without 

harmonious, scientifically reasonable and balanced innovative policy, the system principle of its 

realization it is impossible to solve a problem of increase of profitability of agricultural 

production with scientific, resource, organizational and information support. Innovative process 

is connected with creation, development and distribution of innovations. It is process within 

which producers of innovations for receiving profit create and advance innovations to their 

consumers. The organization of innovative activity for the purpose of innovation finishing to the 

end user accepts huge value. Activization of innovative activity is the main condition in system 

of the factors providing development and increase of efficiency of agrarian production in market 

economy. 

 

Introduction
1
  

 

According to opinion of our researchers, 

Kenzheguzin and Dnishev (2005) "The 

terms "innovation", "innovation" are used 

as process or result of process depending on 

a context. Innovations in material value 

mean idea, activity or material object which 

are new to the system accepting and using 

them. In too time of an innovation there is a 

process of emergence, development, 

adaptation and use of new useful result". 

                                                           
Corresponding author’s 

Name: Dinar Abdrakhmanova  

Email address: rk_bin@mail.ru  

Tviss (2006) defines an innovation as 

process in which invention or the idea gets 

the economic contents. Nixon considers that 

the innovation is a set technical, the 

industrial and the commercial actions 

creating new and improved industrial 

processes and equipment in the market. 

According to Santo (2005), an innovation is 

such public and technical and economic 

process which through practical use of ideas 

and inventions leads to creation of the best 

products, technologies on the properties, 

and in case the innovation is focused on an 

economic benefit, the profit, its emergence 

in the market can bring in the additive 

income. 

  

Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development 
 

 
 

 

journal homepage: http://aessweb.com/journal-detail.php?id=5005  

 

Keywords: Innovative policy, innovative directions in agriculture, agrarian policy

mailto:rk_bin@mail.ru


Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development, 4(9)2014: 465-470 

 

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The analysis of various definitions of an 

innovation leads to a conclusion that the 

specific maintenance of an innovation is 

made by changes, and the main function of 

innovative activity is change function.  In 

world economic literature "innovation" is 

interpreted as transformation of potential 

scientific and technical progress in real, 

being embodied in new products and 

technologies.  

 

Innovative process is connected with 

creation, development and distribution of 

innovations. It is process within which 

producers of innovations for receiving 

profit create and advance innovations to 

their consumers. It begins with emergence 

of idea and comes to an end with its 

commercial realization. The simplest linear 

model of innovative process in general and 

including can be presented to agrarian and 

industrial complex in the form of a logical 

partition of uniform process on separate 

functional or structural parts (figure 1). 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Figure 1: Simple (linear) model of innovative process in agrarian and industrial complex  

 

In innovative process two phases are 

allocated: creation and distribution of 

innovations. The first consists of 

consecutive stages of scientific researches, 

developmental works, the organization of 

pilot production, test and approbation of a 

scientific and technical product, sale, the 

organization of commercial production. On 

the second phase the socially useful product 

takes root and the socially useful effect both 

between various producers of an innovation 

and between their consumers is 

redistributed. During distribution there is an 

increase of number and change of 

qualitative characteristics of innovations.  

 

At the beginning of any innovative process 

there is a new knowledge (idea, the 

invention, research result). It can be 

received in two ways: receipt of the 

initiating information (acquisition of patents 

and licenses, scientific and technical 

information and so on) or own development 

of the innovator. In one case the innovation 

already exists and possibility of 

introduction is rather proved. In other case 

the innovator (the firm, the enterprise 

modernizing the production system) 

develops an innovation independently, not 

very well - whether there will be its own 

laboratory or the third-party organization 

conducting researches on the order. 

 

The system of innovative communications 

in agro-industrial complex can be presented, 

as shown in figure 2. 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Experimental production and approbation of an 

innovation 

Development of new production, mass production 

and advance on the market 

Replication of an innovation and 

realization of the new commodity 

 

Innovative project 

Achievement of basic 

researches in agrarian and 

industrial complex 

Applied 

researches in 

agrarian and 

industrial complex 

Applied 

researches in 

agrarian and 

industrial complex 



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Figure 2: System of innovative communications 

 

The main directions of realization of 

innovative policy in agro-industrial 

complex in the Republic of Kazakhstan are: 

 

- Formation of the innovative system of 

agro-industrial complex including all 

scientific and technical capacity of the 

branch functioning on the basis of uniform 

scientific and technical policy of the state; 

- Development and improvement of 

standard legal support of innovative 

activity, mechanisms of stimulation of 

protection of intellectual property in the 

innovative sphere and its introduction to 

economic circulation; 

- Development of infrastructure of 

innovative process, including systems of 

information support, certification and 

advance of development, preparation and 

retraining of personnel;  

- Further development of activity of 

agrarian science in the priority directions of 

basic and applied researches and 

development; 

- Improvement of competitive system of 

selection of innovative projects and 

programs; 

- Acceleration of development in 

production of achievements of science and 

technology and the best practices; 

- Development of information and 

consulting activity in agro-industrial 

complex and legislative fixing of formation 

and functioning of system; 

- Stimulation of development of 

innovative processes in branches and 

improvement of management of these 

processes; 

- The state support of agricultural 

producers for the purpose of restoration of 

their solvency and increase of opportunity 

to carry out innovative activity; 

- Development of business in scientific 

and technical and innovative spheres; 

- Development of the international 

cooperation in the innovative sphere. 

 

Customers of the innovative project (the agrarian and 

industrial complex enterprise governing bodies, the 

interested investors) 

Developers (owners) 

of research and 

development 

Developers of the 

project 

Performers of the 

project 

Objects of 

development of 

innovations 

Profit and reinvestment means 

Realization of new products 

Innovative 

project 

Project coordinator 



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Careful working off of structure of 

innovative system is necessary for 

formation of innovative system in agro-

industrial complex. Its main components 

have to become: the large companies, 

capable to make considerable investments 

in development in researches and 

development, to bring their results to a mass 

production, to modernize the equipment and 

so on; small innovative business with 

specific forms of its financing (the risk 

capital), the service organizations; the state 

with its legislative base, the scientific and 

technical policy directed on regulation and 

stimulation of innovative process with use 

of legal, economic, organizational means; 

the market of new technologies providing to 

innovative system feedback and demand for 

innovative production. 

 

Methodology 
 

The state and problems of agro-industrial 

complex of the Republic of Kazakhstan 

became a subject of serious researches in 

recent years.  

 

Transformation of agrarian sector of 

economy is carried out on a basis: 

 

- Maximum use of climatic, soil 

conditions and other resources; 

-  Introductions of scientific and technical 

achievements and advanced know-how; 

-  Improvement of economic relationship. 

 

For a sustainable development of 

agriculture the innovative policy which 

basis is an increase of efficiency of use of 

scientific and technical achievements has 

the defining value? 

 

Becomes obvious that without harmonious, 

evidence-based and balanced innovative 

policy, the system principle of its 

realization it is impossible to solve a 

problem of increase of profitability of 

agricultural production with scientific, 

resource, organizational and information 

support. The organization of innovative 

activity for the purpose of bringing an 

innovation to the end user accepts huge 

value. 

 

Innovative activity begins with the moment 

of acceptance of an innovative solution. The 

bases for adoption of this decision remain a 

prerogative of persons, it accepting. 

Definite answer of a pas the question, what 

innovations will gain the bigger 

distribution, to what directions of 

development of innovations to give 

preference the theory of innovations can't 

give. The theory which enough reasonably 

would describe the implementation reasons, 

dynamics of scales of innovative activity, 

the possible directions of its development 

the world science yet didn't develop. 

 

Creation and introduction of innovations in 

agrarian sector of economy is connected 

with the raised degree of uncertainty of 

receiving positive result and big risk of 

spent means. Results of this activity can 

bring success, but can put in a difficult 

situation if the actual results use of an 

innovation is significantly lower than 

expected results. According to Santo 

(2005), 60% of the new products introduced 

on the market didn't provide profit expected 

during their development. 

 

Activization of innovative activity is the 

main condition in system of the factors 

providing development and increase of 

efficiency of agrarian production in market 

economy. Its fundamental element is the 

innovation representing creations, 

development, approbations, estimates, 

introductions and novelty distributions. 

Strategy of innovative activity is directed on 

surpassing competitors, to create an 

innovation which will be recognized as the 

unique. Therefore innovative strategy of the 

agricultural enterprises is connected with 

development of innovations which allow 

passing to new organizational and 

technological structure of production to 

provide competitiveness of made 

production on sales markets. It should be 

noted that innovative activity isn't limited 

only to activities for development of 

innovations, but also assumes assistance in 

realization of innovative process, namely 

administrative, investment and information 

activities. 

 



Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development, 4(9)2014: 465-470 

 

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In innovative activity of agriculture the 

central place is taken by new technology 

which unites new knowledge, means of 

labor and objects of the labor, labor and is 

bound with social and organizational 

changes, qualification of labor as most 

valuable and irreplaceable element of 

productive forces. Due to the lack of 

modern technologies, systems of cars for 

plant growing, animal husbandry, etc. the 

agrarian sector of economy endures the 

period of technological backwardness. Now 

there are only separate fragments of 

technology and types of equipment which in 

the technical and economic parameters (to 

reliability, productivity) significantly 

concede to foreign analogs. 

 

Features of formation and development of 

innovative processes in agriculture are 

defined by specifics of the branch. The 

agriculture as branch of economy represents 

the difficult system consisting of a number 

of subsystems, including: social, economic, 

technological, organizational and 

administrative and ecological. Due to such 

structure of agriculture groups of factors are 

formed. On extent of influence on 

production (branch, entirely or separately 

taken enterprise) sequence of these groups it 

is possible to accept a bit different: 1. 

Technological group of factors 2. Economic 

3. Social. 4. Organizational and 

administrative 5. Ecological. 

 

Each of groups includes both external and 

internal factors. Among external factors as 

the main it is necessary to recognize factors 

of state regulation and influence of the 

market. It is necessary to carry system of 

administrative, legal and economic 

measures of impact on subjects of managing 

to factors of state regulation (system of 

pricing, tax, credit and financial, insurance, 

the budgetary support, work incentives, 

etc.). It is necessary to rank the developing 

level of prices for goods and services, 

compensation, solvent demand, a supply 

and demand of competitors, the market of 

credit and insurance services as market 

factors of influence, etc. 

 

Technology factors of production are 

classified in relation to subsectors of 

agriculture (agriculture, plant growing, 

animal husbandry) and spheres of its service 

(mechanization, power supply and 

automation of branch, processing and 

storage of agricultural products; transport 

service, etc.). In this group act as primary 

factors: climatic conditions, soil fertility, 

grades of agricultural plants, breeds of 

animals, systems of agriculture, the 

production technology of production of 

plant growing and animal husbandry, 

including system of processing of the soil, 

fertilizer, a security measure of plants, 

terms of carrying out agricultural works in 

the conditions of a concrete zone, a subband 

and other numerous factors. 

 

Conclusion 

 

Thus, the following belongs to the main 

features of formation and development of 

innovative process in agriculture: a 

considerable distinction of regions of the 

country on climatic conditions and 

specialization of production; a plurality of 

types of the made agricultural production, 

products of its processing, an essential 

difference in technology of cultivation of 

crops, contents and feedings of animals; a 

big difference in the periods of production 

of separate types of agricultural production 

and products of its processing; existence of 

a big variety of types of productions on 

forms of ownership, the sizes, 

specializations, subordination, cooperation, 

etc.; a strong dependence of production 

technologies in agriculture from natural and 

weather conditions, road and transport 

networks, types and the sizes of the 

enterprises (organizations), remoteness 

from the supplying centers and sales 

markets of production and other factors; a 

high degree of territorial dissociation of 

agricultural production; an isolation of 

agricultural producers, remoteness from the 

scientific information centers and the 

organizations making scientific and 

technical products; a different social and 

educational level of workers of agriculture; 

plurality of various forms and 

communications of agricultural producers 

with innovative formations; a lack of the 

accurate and evidence-based organizational 

and economic mechanism of transfer of 



Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development, 4(9)2014: 465-470 

 

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achievements of science to agricultural 

producers and, as a result essential lag of 

branch on development of innovations in 

production. 

 

High level of complexity of agro-industrial 

production as systems and the specified 

features of innovative process in it 

predetermine an originality of approaches to 

development of innovations and methods of 

their realization in branch. In relation to 

agriculture innovative process represents a 

constant and continuous stream of 

transformation concrete technical, technolo-

gical, organizational and administrative, 

social and others idea on the basis of 

scientific development in new technologies 

or its separate components and other 

actions, finishing them before use directly 

in production for the purpose of receiving 

qualitatively new production. 

 

Limiting factors of innovative activity are a 

lack of own means and absence of external 

investments for acquisition of innovations 

and their development, an insufficient 

interest of producers in development of 

innovations both high investment and 

technological hazards, a lack of legislative 

base and the regulations regulating 

relationship and responsibility of 

participants - subjects of innovative activity, 

a lack of the system which is carrying out 

collecting, storage and granting reliable 

information about existence of effective 

scientific and technical products, 

development and implementation of 

innovative projects. 

 

During the determining of a state and an 

assessment of prospects of scientific and 

technical activity it is possible to allocate 

the factors influencing innovative activity: 

the political and economic stability; the 

organizational, i.e. system of scientific, 

educational and other innovative 

formations, the innovation-active agricul-

tural and providing them enterprises, 

relationship and communications, 

coherence and balance of actions; the 

legislative and legal acts providing priority 

of scientific and technical transformations, 

institutional position of their participants, 

the innovative directed tax and investment 

policy; the material and financial and 

economic condition of the agricultural 

enterprises, all other innovative structures; 

the information systems and their 

opportunities to provide availability and 

completeness of information on new 

knowledge, scientific and technical 

achievements; the personnel potential of 

scientific and other innovative formations, 

and also consumers of scientific and 

technical products. 

 

References 

 

Kenzheguzin, M., & Dnishev, F.  (2005). 

Science and innovations in market 

economy: world experience and 

Kazakhstan.  Almaty. Institute of 

economy of the ministry of science 

and education of the Republic of 

Kazakhstan, p. 256. 

Santo, B. (2005). Innovation as the measure of 

economic development. Moscow, 

Progress publishing house, p. 255. 

Tviss, B. (2006). Management of scientific 

and technical innovations. Translation 

from English. Moscow, Progress 

publishing house, p. 281.