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Available online at ajdhs.com 

Asian Journal of Dental and Health Sciences 
Open Access to Dental and Medical Research 

Copyright  © 2023 The  Author(s): This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the CC BY-NC 4.0 
which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium for non-commercial use provided the 

original author and source are credited  

 

 

Storgi Media as an effort to Improve Dental Health Behavior in Orphanage 
Children 

Indrayati Fadjeri1, Tedi Purnama2*, Eliati Sri Suharja3, Widi Nurwanti4 

1,2 Department of Dental Health, Health Polytechnic of Jakarta I, Jakarta, Indonesia 

3 Department of Dental Health, Health Polytechnic of Tasikmalaya, Tasikmalaya, Indonesia 

4 Department of Dental Health, Puskesad Dental Health Academy, Jakarta , Indonesia 

Article Info: 
_______________________________________ 
Article History: 

Received  05 August 2023     
Reviewed  19 August 2023 
Accepted 13 September 2023 
Published 15 September 2023 

_______________________________________ 
Cite this article as:  

Fadjeri I, Purnama T, Suharja ES, Nurwanti W, 

Storgi Media as an effort to Improve Dental 
Health Behavior in Orphanage Children, Asian 
Journal of Dental and Health Sciences. 2023; 
3(3):42-46 

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/ajdhs.v3i3.53        

_______________________________________
*Address for Correspondence:   

Tedi Purnama, Department of Dental Health, 
Health Polytechnic of Jakarta I, Jakarta, 
Indonesia. 

Abstract 
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 
Background: Orphanage children can also be classified as one of the groups that are vulnerable to dental 
disease, this is due to a lack of dental health maintenance behavior due to low socioeconomic status. To 
improve dental and oral health maintenance behavior, dental health promotion can be done with 
interesting and appropriate media. Storgi media is one of the outreach media that is integrated with 
tooth brushing facilities in the form of toothbrush lockers. Objective: The research aims to analyze the 
effectiveness of Storgi Media as an effort to Improve Dental Health Behavior in Orphanage Children. 
Method: This research used a quasi-experimental design with a pretest and posttest control group 
design. The research sample was 50 children from orphanages taken using purposive sampling 
technique. The intervention group was given dental health education using storgi media, while the 
control group was given dental health education using flipcharts. The data was tested using paired 
sample t-test/Wilcoxon analysis, namely a pre-post design, while to compare the means of the 
treatment and control groups, the independent t-test/Mann Whitney test was used. Results: The results 
of the test of differences in knowledge, attitudes and actions of brushing teeth show that the p-value 
between the intervention group and the control group is 0.000 (p <0.05), meaning that there is a 
difference between the values of knowledge, attitudes and actions of brushing teeth after dental health 
education with children's storgi media and dental health education with filpchart. Conclusion: dental 
health education using storgi media is more effective in increasing the knowledge, attitudes and actions 
of brushing teeth in in orphanage children 

Keywords: Storgi, media, dental health education, behavior, orphanage 

 

INTRODUCTION  

Dental and oral diseases remain a significant health problem 
throughout the world. Dental caries and periodontal disease 
affect almost 100% of the population worldwide. In Indonesia, 
the results of Basic Health Research in 2018 reported that the 
prevalence of the Indonesian population who had dental and 
oral health problems was 57.6%. Nelwan's research on 
children from orphanages showed that the prevalence of 
dental caries was 69.7%. So it could be interpreted that 
children in orphanages have higher levels of caries than 
children in general.1–3  

The problem of the high prevalence of dental caries is caused 
by a lack of knowledge and awareness about the importance of 
maintaining oral health. Maintaining dental and oral health is a 
form of health behavior. An overview of behavior regarding 
dental health can be seen from the 2018 Riskesdas results 
showing that the behavior of brushing teeth correctly among 
the population aged 3 years in Indonesia reached 2.8%. The 
results of community service carried out by Ngatemi et al also 
proved that 83 children (64.0%) had poor knowledge of dental 
health care (83 children (64.0%), 36 children (27.6%) had 
moderate criteria and 11 children (8.4%) had good criteria.2,4,5  

Behavior is influenced by the presence or absence of health 
infrastructure as a supporting factor. Difficulty in accessing 
communities in disadvantaged areas is one of the factors that 

influences community behavior.6–8 The level of education and 
socio-economic level also influence dental and oral health 
behavior, that is, the lower a person's educational and 
economic level, the lower the dental and oral health behavior 
will be. Dental and oral health maintenance behavior in rural 
areas is lower than in urban areas. Underdeveloped areas are 
rural areas where the basic facilities and infrastructure in the 
area are still inadequate or non-existent, causing obstacles to 
the growth or development of people's lives in the economic 
and educational fields. Based on these data, it is necessary to 
make efforts to improve dental and oral health. Efforts to 
maintain dental and oral health in children in orphanages 
through dental health education.9–11   

Dental health education in schools is the first step in 
preventing dental problems. One of the health education 
efforts is through outreach efforts to increase knowledge and 
attitudes in maintaining dental health. Success in providing 
dental health education to school children cannot be separated 
from educational methods and the important role of the 
media.12,13 

Health education is an educational activity carried out by 
spreading messages, instilling confidence, so that people are 
not only aware, know and understand, but are also willing and 
able to carry out recommendations related to health. Health 
education is identical to health education because both are 
oriented towards changing behavior. Success in providing 

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dental health education to school children cannot be separated 
from educational methods and the important role of the 
media.8,14 

Learning media is a tool used to help convey information from 
teachers to students. Providing health education material is 
easier to convey if you use media that can attract attention. 
Through the correct method and use of appropriate teaching 
aids, the material presented in the counseling will be easily 
accepted by the target audience. Delivery of material is more 
effective if it is delivered in a pleasant atmosphere and 
methods that attract students' attention.13,15 

Storgi media is an innovation in education media that is 
integrated between education media and tooth brushing 
facilities in the form of toothbrush lockers. This really helps 
improve the dental health behavior of children in orphanages 
who have limited access and facilities for maintaining oral 
health. 

METHOD AND MATERIAL  

The research design used was a quasi-experimental study with 
a pretest-posttest control group design. The aim of the study 

was to analyze the effectiveness of Storgi Media as an effort to 
improve dental health behavior in orphanage children. This 
research was carried out from June to July 2023 in 4 
orphanages located in Cilandak District, South Jakarta and 
Cinere District, Depok City. The sample used in this research 
was 50 respondents consisting of 25 people for the 
intervention group carried out at the Mizan Amanah 
Orphanage, Karang Tengah and Cilandak, South Jakarta, while 
for the control group there were 25 people at the Mizan 
Amanah Orphanage, Cinere and Pangkalanjati, Depok City. 

The intervention data collection stage begins with a pretest 
where all orphanage children fill out a knowledge and attitude 
questionnaire and brush their teeth before being given the 
intervention. The intervention group was given dental health 
education using storgi media, while the control group was 
given dental health education using flipcharts. Children filled 
out a knowledge and attitude questionnaire and performed 
the same action of brushing their teeth after 10 days. The data 
was tested using paired sample t-test/Wilcoxon analysis, 
namely a pre-post design, while to compare the means of the 
treatment and control groups, the independent t-test/Mann 
Whitney test was used. 

 

RESULT  

Table 1: Frequency Distribution based on respondent characteristics 

Variable 
Intervention Control 

N % N % 

Age     

8 years 4 16,0 3 12,0 

9 years 3 12,0 4 16,0 

10 years 6 24,0 5 20,0 

11 years 1 4,0 2 8,0 

12 years 5 20,0 6 24,0 

13 years 6 24,0 5 20,0 

Total 25 100 25 100 

Gender     

Man 11 44,0 13 52,0 

Women 14 56,0 12 48,0 

Total 25 100 25 100 

 

Table 1 shows that the majority of respondents in the intervention group were 13 years old (24.0%) and female, while in the control 
group the majority were 12 years old (24.0%) and male. 

 

Table 2: Mean knowledge, attitudes and actions of brushing teeth in the intervention and control groups 

Variable 
Intervention Control 

Pre-test Post-test Pre-test Post-test 

Knowledge     

Mean 57,20 94,40 57,20 58,00 

SD 11,00 7,118 9,363 10,00 

Attitudes     

Mean 41,20 46,84 40,00 40,24 

SD 3,948 2,528 3,162 3,099 

Actions     

Mean 45,20 89,20 52,80 53,20 

SD 11,94 10,77 11,37 11,80 

 

Table 2 shows that the mean value of knowledge has increased, in the intervention group it increased from 57.20 to 94.40 while in 
the control group it increased from 57.20 to 58.00. The mean attitude value increased, in the intervention group it increased from 
41.20 to 46.84 and in the control group it increased from 40.00 to 40.24. The mean score for brushing teeth increased, in the 
intervention group from 45.20 to 89.20, while in the control group there was an increase from 52.80 to 53.20. 



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Table 3: Data normality test 

Variable 

Groups 

Intervention Control 

Knowledge pre-test 0,000 0,005 

Knowledge post-test 0,000 0,042 

Attitudes pre-test 0,454 0,166 

Attitudes post-test 0,016 0,327 

Actions pre-test 0,005 0,006 

Actions post-test 0,000 0,006 

 

Table 3 shows the results of the normality test for knowledge and actions of brushing teeth in the intervention and control groups, 
the distribution is not normal, because the p-value is <0.05, then the non-parametric test is continued, while for attitudes in the 
intervention and control groups the distribution is normal, because the p-value is > 0.05 then continue with parametric testing. 

 

Table 4: Test the effectiveness of knowledge, attitudes and actions before and after intervention in the intervention and control 
groups 

Groups 

Knowledge* Attitudes** Actions* 

Mean+ SD P-value Mean+ SD P-value Mean+ SD P-value 

Intervention 
Pre-test 57,20+ 11,00 

0.000 
41,20+3,948 

0.000 
45,20+11,94 0.000 

Post-test 94,40+ 7,118 46,84+2,528 89,20+10,77 

Control 
Pre-test 57,20+ 9,363 

0.317 
40,00+3,162 

0.425 
52,80+11,37 0.655 

Post-test 58,00+ 10,00 40,24+3,099 53,20+11,80 
* Wilcoxon ** Paired sampel t-test 

Table 4 shows the results of the data effectiveness test before and after being given dental health education using posters as media, 
showing the knowledge p-value of the intervention group was 0.000, the p-value of attitude was 0.000 and the p-value of the action 
of brushing teeth was 0.000 (p < 0.05) means that dental health education using storgi media is effective in increasing knowledge, 
attitudes and actions of brushing teeth in children in orphanages. The control group's p-value for knowledge was 0.317, the attitude 
p-value was 0.425 and the p-value for the action of brushing teeth was 0.655, meaning that dental health education using flipcharts 
was not effective in increasing the knowledge, attitudes and actions of brushing the teeth of children in orphanages. 

 

Table 5: Test differences in knowledge, attitudes and actions before and after intervention in the intervention and control groups 

Groups 

Knowledge* Attitudes** Actions* 

Mean  P-value Mean P-value Mean P-value 

Intervention 94,40 
0.000 

46,84 
0.000 

89,20 0.000 
Kontrol 58,00 40,24 53,20 

* mann whitney ** t-independen 

Table 5 shows the results of the test of differences in knowledge, attitudes and actions of brushing teeth, showing that the p-value 
between the intervention group and the control group is 0.000 (p <0.05), meaning that dental health education using storgi media is 
more effective in increasing knowledge, attitudes and actions of brushing teeth compared to control group. 

 

DISCUSSION 

Dental and oral health behavior is influenced by various 
factors. One of them is a lack of knowledge about dental and 
oral health. Knowledge is a very important domain for the 
formation of a person's behavior. Behavior is formed from 
knowledge which then stimulates attitudes and actions. The 
research results showed that the average knowledge of 
respondents before the intervention was 57.20, including the 
poor category. Lack of knowledge about dental and oral health 
can be a major factor in low behavior, because behavior is 
formed from knowledge which then stimulates attitudes and 
actions. Factors that influence knowledge include educational 
and socio-economic levels.16–18  

Low socio-economic conditions also influence knowledge 
about maintaining oral health. Those with low social 
conditions have less awareness and knowledge of the 
importance of maintaining oral health.10 

The results of research on respondents' knowledge are in line 
with respondents' attitudes before the dental health education 
intervention, which was also included in the poor category 
with an average of 41.20. Attitudes are formed due to 
stimulation from knowledge. Knowledge, thoughts, beliefs and 
emotions play a very important role in determining attitudes. 
Poor attitudes are caused by poor knowledge, so that 
respondents' attitudes are included in the category of lacking 
in maintaining dental and oral health due to the respondent's 
lack of knowledge about maintaining dental and oral health. 
Attitudes are greatly influenced by other people, especially 



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people who are considered important, especially parents. 
Where children in orphanages already have parents, this could 
be the cause of the lack of attitudes of respondents regarding 
maintaining oral health.4,19,20 

The results of research on the action of brushing teeth before 
dental health education from respondents were also included 
in the poor category with an average of 45.20. The overall 
results of research on respondents' teeth brushing actions are 
in line with research on respondents' knowledge and attitudes 
which are included in the poor category. This is in accordance 
with the theory which states that the actions a person takes 
are based on their attitudes. A lack of attitude will result in a 
lack of action.19 

Health promotion is an action or activity aimed at increasing 
the abilities or activities of individuals, groups and 
communities in terms of knowledge, attitudes and skills to 
achieve the best healthy living standards. Promoting health in 
children is an ideal time to practice motor skills and improve 
cognition. Children's attention spans are short, so they need 
training that is fun and motivating. Using attractive integrated 
media for health promotion can increase knowledge and 
change behavior.21–23 

Dental health education as an effort to provide knowledge 
about dental health basically emphasizes aspects of dental 
health which are closely related to targeted daily efforts in 
maintaining dental health, so that the selection of education 
material is prioritized regarding efforts to maintain dental and 
oral health. The selection of extension materials and extension 
priorities must consider the magnitude of the impact of the 
problem/material to be presented.12,24,25 

The choice of media is one of the factors that can influence the 
promotion of oral health, the media can foster motivation and 
attention to learning and the meaning of the information 
conveyed will be clearer, so that children can understand and 
better understand the learning objectives.26,27 

This storgi media is designed to make it easier for orphanage 
children to maintain dental health, especially brushing their 
teeth. Promotion of dental health through storgi media is used 
because storgi media is an education media that is integrated 
between education media and tooth brushing facilities in the 
form of toothbrush lockers, meaning that it combines 
toothbrush lockers and their contents in the form of brushes, 
toothpaste and mouthwash glasses with learning media in the 
form of health care posters. teeth, especially about brushing 
teeth in one medium. This really helps improve the dental 
health behavior of children in orphanages who have limited 
access and facilities for maintaining oral health.  

The results of the study showed that there was a significant 
increase in the value of knowledge (p=0.000), attitude 
(p=0.000) and the act of brushing teeth (p=0.000) after being 
given dental health education using storgi media, compared to 
the group that was only given education using flipcharts. This 
shows that storgi media is more effective in improving dental 
health behavior which can prevent caries in children in 
orphanages. According to Rama et al's statement, behavior is 
influenced by attitudes and also requires facilities. To 
translate attitudes into real form (action), supporting factors 
such as facilities are needed.19 Existing facilities in the 
respondent's environment are inadequate. Facilities for 
maintaining oral health in an orphanage environment include 
tools and places for brushing teeth. This is also a supporting 
factor in the low level of dental health care taken by 
respondents. Purnama et al stated that by providing 
toothbrush storage facilities in the form of brushes, toothpaste 
and personal mouthwash cups, brushing your teeth becomes 
more precise.28 

CONCLUSION 

Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the 
dental health education using storgi media is more effective in 
increasing the knowledge, attitudes and actions of brushing 
teeth in in orphanage children 

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 

The authors thank to all participants and research assistants. 

CONFLICT OF INTEREST 

The authors declare that they have no conflict interests. 

ETHICAL CLEARANCE 

The study was conducted after obtaining approval from the 
Ethics Committee of the Health Polytechnic of Yogyakarta 
No.DP.04.03/e-KEPK.1/725/2023. 

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