id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
edu-4685	1	1	48	48	NUM
edu-4685	1	2	©	©	PROPN
edu-4685	1	3	2023	2023	NUM
edu-4685	1	4	by	by	ADP
edu-4685	1	5	the	the	DET
edu-4685	1	6	author	author	NOUN
edu-4685	1	7	;	;	PUNCT
edu-4685	1	8	licensee	licensee	PROPN
edu-4685	1	9	asian	asian	ADJ
edu-4685	1	10	online	online	PROPN
edu-4685	1	11	journal	journal	PROPN
edu-4685	1	12	publishing	publishing	PROPN
edu-4685	1	13	group	group	PROPN
edu-4685	1	14	asian	asian	PROPN
edu-4685	1	15	journal	journal	PROPN
edu-4685	1	16	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	1	17	education	education	NOUN
edu-4685	1	18	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	1	19	training	training	NOUN
edu-4685	1	20	vol	vol	NOUN
edu-4685	1	21	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	2	1	9	9	NUM
edu-4685	2	2	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	2	3	no	no	INTJ
edu-4685	2	4	.	.	NOUN
edu-4685	2	5	2	2	NUM
edu-4685	2	6	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	2	7	48	48	NUM
edu-4685	2	8	-	-	SYM
edu-4685	2	9	53	53	NUM
edu-4685	2	10	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	2	11	2023	2023	NUM
edu-4685	2	12	issn(e	issn(e	NOUN
edu-4685	2	13	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	2	14	2519	2519	NUM
edu-4685	2	15	-	-	SYM
edu-4685	2	16	5387	5387	NUM
edu-4685	2	17	doi	doi	NOUN
edu-4685	2	18	:	:	PUNCT
edu-4685	2	19	10.20448	10.20448	NUM
edu-4685	2	20	/	/	SYM
edu-4685	2	21	edu.v9i2.4685	edu.v9i2.4685	VERB
edu-4685	2	22	©	©	PROPN
edu-4685	2	23	2023	2023	NUM
edu-4685	2	24	by	by	ADP
edu-4685	2	25	the	the	DET
edu-4685	2	26	author	author	NOUN
edu-4685	2	27	;	;	PUNCT
edu-4685	2	28	licensee	licensee	PROPN
edu-4685	2	29	asian	asian	ADJ
edu-4685	2	30	online	online	PROPN
edu-4685	2	31	journal	journal	PROPN
edu-4685	2	32	publishing	publishing	NOUN
edu-4685	2	33	group	group	NOUN
edu-4685	2	34	no	no	DET
edu-4685	2	35	need	need	NOUN
edu-4685	2	36	to	to	PART
edu-4685	2	37	renew	renew	VERB
edu-4685	2	38	:	:	PUNCT
edu-4685	2	39	the	the	DET
edu-4685	2	40	end	end	NOUN
edu-4685	2	41	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	2	42	japan	japan	PROPN
edu-4685	2	43	’s	’s	PART
edu-4685	2	44	teacher	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	2	45	license	license	NOUN
edu-4685	2	46	renewal	renewal	NOUN
edu-4685	2	47	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	2	48	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	2	49	the	the	DET
edu-4685	2	50	future	future	PROPN
edu-4685	2	51	julian	julian	PROPN
edu-4685	2	52	chapple	chapple	PROPN
edu-4685	2	53	ryukoku	ryukoku	PROPN
edu-4685	2	54	university	university	PROPN
edu-4685	2	55	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	2	56	kyoto	kyoto	PROPN
edu-4685	2	57	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	2	58	japan	japan	PROPN
edu-4685	2	59	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	3	1	email	email	NOUN
edu-4685	3	2	:	:	PUNCT
edu-4685	3	3	julian@world.ryukoku.ac.jp	julian@world.ryukoku.ac.jp	X
edu-4685	3	4	abstract	abstract	ADV
edu-4685	3	5	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	3	6	2007	2007	NUM
edu-4685	3	7	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	3	8	the	the	DET
edu-4685	3	9	japanese	japanese	PROPN
edu-4685	3	10	ministry	ministry	PROPN
edu-4685	3	11	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	3	12	education	education	PROPN
edu-4685	3	13	revised	revise	VERB
edu-4685	3	14	the	the	DET
edu-4685	3	15	education	education	NOUN
edu-4685	3	16	law	law	NOUN
edu-4685	3	17	to	to	PART
edu-4685	3	18	pave	pave	VERB
edu-4685	3	19	the	the	DET
edu-4685	3	20	way	way	NOUN
edu-4685	3	21	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	3	22	the	the	DET
edu-4685	3	23	introduction	introduction	NOUN
edu-4685	3	24	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	3	25	a	a	DET
edu-4685	3	26	teaching	teaching	NOUN
edu-4685	3	27	license	license	NOUN
edu-4685	3	28	renewal	renewal	NOUN
edu-4685	3	29	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	3	30	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	3	31	2009	2009	NUM
edu-4685	3	32	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	4	1	the	the	DET
edu-4685	4	2	reform	reform	NOUN
edu-4685	4	3	required	require	VERB
edu-4685	4	4	all	all	DET
edu-4685	4	5	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	4	6	to	to	PART
edu-4685	4	7	complete	complete	VERB
edu-4685	4	8	at	at	ADP
edu-4685	4	9	least	least	ADV
edu-4685	4	10	30	30	NUM
edu-4685	4	11	hours	hour	NOUN
edu-4685	4	12	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	4	13	training	training	NOUN
edu-4685	4	14	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	4	15	specially	specially	ADV
edu-4685	4	16	tailored	tailor	VERB
edu-4685	4	17	university	university	NOUN
edu-4685	4	18	courses	course	NOUN
edu-4685	4	19	as	as	ADP
edu-4685	4	20	a	a	DET
edu-4685	4	21	prerequisite	prerequisite	NOUN
edu-4685	4	22	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	4	23	renewal	renewal	NOUN
edu-4685	4	24	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	4	25	their	their	PRON
edu-4685	4	26	teaching	teaching	NOUN
edu-4685	4	27	licenses	license	NOUN
edu-4685	4	28	every	every	DET
edu-4685	4	29	10	10	NUM
edu-4685	4	30	years	year	NOUN
edu-4685	4	31	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	5	1	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	5	2	late	late	ADJ
edu-4685	5	3	2021	2021	NUM
edu-4685	5	4	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	5	5	however	however	ADV
edu-4685	5	6	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	5	7	the	the	DET
edu-4685	5	8	government	government	NOUN
edu-4685	5	9	abruptly	abruptly	ADV
edu-4685	5	10	announced	announce	VERB
edu-4685	5	11	it	it	PRON
edu-4685	5	12	was	be	AUX
edu-4685	5	13	ending	end	VERB
edu-4685	5	14	the	the	DET
edu-4685	5	15	scheme	scheme	NOUN
edu-4685	5	16	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	5	17	2022	2022	NUM
edu-4685	5	18	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	5	19	a	a	DET
edu-4685	5	20	policy	policy	NOUN
edu-4685	5	21	about	about	ADP
edu-4685	5	22	face	face	NOUN
edu-4685	5	23	reminiscent	reminiscent	ADJ
edu-4685	5	24	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	5	25	the	the	DET
edu-4685	5	26	abolition	abolition	NOUN
edu-4685	5	27	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	5	28	yutori	yutori	PROPN
edu-4685	5	29	kyōiku	kyōiku	PROPN
edu-4685	5	30	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	5	31	“	"	PUNCT
edu-4685	5	32	education	education	NOUN
edu-4685	5	33	without	without	ADP
edu-4685	5	34	pressure	pressure	NOUN
edu-4685	5	35	”	"	PUNCT
edu-4685	5	36	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	5	37	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	5	38	2007	2007	NUM
edu-4685	5	39	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	6	1	this	this	DET
edu-4685	6	2	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
edu-4685	6	3	study	study	NOUN
edu-4685	6	4	aims	aim	VERB
edu-4685	6	5	to	to	PART
edu-4685	6	6	examine	examine	VERB
edu-4685	6	7	the	the	DET
edu-4685	6	8	background	background	NOUN
edu-4685	6	9	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	6	10	outline	outline	NOUN
edu-4685	6	11	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	6	12	issues	issue	NOUN
edu-4685	6	13	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	6	14	japan	japan	PROPN
edu-4685	6	15	’s	’s	PART
edu-4685	6	16	license	license	NOUN
edu-4685	6	17	renewal	renewal	NOUN
edu-4685	6	18	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	6	19	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	6	20	order	order	NOUN
edu-4685	6	21	to	to	PART
edu-4685	6	22	understand	understand	VERB
edu-4685	6	23	the	the	DET
edu-4685	6	24	reasons	reason	NOUN
edu-4685	6	25	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	6	26	its	its	PRON
edu-4685	6	27	demise	demise	NOUN
edu-4685	6	28	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	6	29	illustrate	illustrate	VERB
edu-4685	6	30	the	the	DET
edu-4685	6	31	similarities	similarity	NOUN
edu-4685	6	32	with	with	ADP
edu-4685	6	33	the	the	DET
edu-4685	6	34	yutori	yutori	PROPN
edu-4685	6	35	kyōiku	kyōiku	PROPN
edu-4685	6	36	experiment	experiment	NOUN
edu-4685	6	37	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	7	1	drawing	draw	VERB
edu-4685	7	2	on	on	ADP
edu-4685	7	3	interview	interview	NOUN
edu-4685	7	4	data	datum	NOUN
edu-4685	7	5	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	7	6	reflections	reflection	NOUN
edu-4685	7	7	from	from	ADP
edu-4685	7	8	the	the	DET
edu-4685	7	9	author	author	NOUN
edu-4685	7	10	’s	’s	PART
edu-4685	7	11	experiences	experience	NOUN
edu-4685	7	12	with	with	ADP
edu-4685	7	13	the	the	DET
edu-4685	7	14	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	7	15	over	over	ADP
edu-4685	7	16	12	12	NUM
edu-4685	7	17	years	year	NOUN
edu-4685	7	18	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	7	19	it	it	PRON
edu-4685	7	20	looks	look	VERB
edu-4685	7	21	at	at	ADP
edu-4685	7	22	some	some	PRON
edu-4685	7	23	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	7	24	japan	japan	PROPN
edu-4685	7	25	’s	’s	PART
edu-4685	7	26	unique	unique	ADJ
edu-4685	7	27	training	training	NOUN
edu-4685	7	28	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
edu-4685	7	29	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	7	30	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	7	31	employing	employ	VERB
edu-4685	7	32	examples	example	NOUN
edu-4685	7	33	from	from	ADP
edu-4685	7	34	other	other	ADJ
edu-4685	7	35	countries	country	NOUN
edu-4685	7	36	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	7	37	examines	examine	VERB
edu-4685	7	38	what	what	PRON
edu-4685	7	39	kind	kind	NOUN
edu-4685	7	40	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	7	41	‘	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	7	42	training	training	NOUN
edu-4685	7	43	’	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	7	44	is	be	AUX
edu-4685	7	45	needed	need	VERB
edu-4685	7	46	moving	move	VERB
edu-4685	7	47	forward	forward	ADV
edu-4685	7	48	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	8	1	it	it	PRON
edu-4685	8	2	concludes	conclude	VERB
edu-4685	8	3	by	by	ADP
edu-4685	8	4	calling	call	VERB
edu-4685	8	5	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	8	6	a	a	DET
edu-4685	8	7	widening	widening	NOUN
edu-4685	8	8	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	8	9	the	the	DET
edu-4685	8	10	interpretation	interpretation	NOUN
edu-4685	8	11	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	8	12	‘	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	8	13	training	training	NOUN
edu-4685	8	14	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	8	15	’	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	8	16	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	8	17	indeed	indeed	ADV
edu-4685	8	18	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	8	19	the	the	DET
edu-4685	8	20	license	license	NOUN
edu-4685	8	21	itself	itself	PRON
edu-4685	8	22	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	8	23	so	so	SCONJ
edu-4685	8	24	as	as	SCONJ
edu-4685	8	25	to	to	PART
edu-4685	8	26	increase	increase	VERB
edu-4685	8	27	diversity	diversity	NOUN
edu-4685	8	28	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	8	29	what	what	PRON
edu-4685	8	30	is	be	AUX
edu-4685	8	31	a	a	DET
edu-4685	8	32	considerably	considerably	ADV
edu-4685	8	33	restrictive	restrictive	ADJ
edu-4685	8	34	employment	employment	NOUN
edu-4685	8	35	sector	sector	NOUN
edu-4685	8	36	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	9	1	keywords	keyword	NOUN
edu-4685	9	2	:	:	PUNCT
edu-4685	9	3	education	education	NOUN
edu-4685	9	4	policy	policy	NOUN
edu-4685	9	5	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	9	6	japan	japan	PROPN
edu-4685	9	7	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	9	8	teacher	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	9	9	assessment	assessment	NOUN
edu-4685	9	10	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	9	11	teacher	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	9	12	training	training	NOUN
edu-4685	9	13	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	9	14	teaching	teach	VERB
edu-4685	9	15	licensing	licensing	NOUN
edu-4685	9	16	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	10	1	citation	citation	NOUN
edu-4685	11	1	|	|	ADV
edu-4685	11	2	chapple	chapple	PROPN
edu-4685	11	3	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	11	4	j.	j.	PROPN
edu-4685	11	5	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	11	6	2023	2023	NUM
edu-4685	11	7	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	11	8	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	12	1	no	no	DET
edu-4685	12	2	need	need	NOUN
edu-4685	12	3	to	to	PART
edu-4685	12	4	renew	renew	VERB
edu-4685	12	5	:	:	PUNCT
edu-4685	12	6	the	the	DET
edu-4685	12	7	end	end	NOUN
edu-4685	12	8	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	12	9	japan	japan	PROPN
edu-4685	12	10	’s	’s	PART
edu-4685	12	11	teacher	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	12	12	license	license	NOUN
edu-4685	12	13	renewal	renewal	NOUN
edu-4685	12	14	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	12	15	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	12	16	the	the	DET
edu-4685	12	17	future	future	NOUN
edu-4685	12	18	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	13	1	asian	asian	ADJ
edu-4685	13	2	journal	journal	PROPN
edu-4685	13	3	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	13	4	education	education	NOUN
edu-4685	13	5	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	13	6	training	training	NOUN
edu-4685	13	7	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	13	8	9(2	9(2	NUM
edu-4685	13	9	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	13	10	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	13	11	48–53	48–53	NOUN
edu-4685	13	12	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	14	1	10.20448	10.20448	NUM
edu-4685	14	2	/	/	SYM
edu-4685	14	3	edu.v9i2.4685	edu.v9i2.4685	PROPN
edu-4685	14	4	history	history	NOUN
edu-4685	14	5	:	:	PUNCT
edu-4685	14	6	received	receive	VERB
edu-4685	14	7	:	:	PUNCT
edu-4685	14	8	16	16	NUM
edu-4685	14	9	march	march	NOUN
edu-4685	14	10	2023	2023	NUM
edu-4685	14	11	revised	revise	VERB
edu-4685	14	12	:	:	PUNCT
edu-4685	14	13	3	3	NUM
edu-4685	14	14	may	may	PROPN
edu-4685	14	15	2023	2023	NUM
edu-4685	14	16	accepted	accept	VERB
edu-4685	14	17	:	:	PUNCT
edu-4685	14	18	15	15	NUM
edu-4685	14	19	may	may	PROPN
edu-4685	14	20	2023	2023	NUM
edu-4685	14	21	published	publish	VERB
edu-4685	14	22	:	:	PUNCT
edu-4685	14	23	24	24	NUM
edu-4685	14	24	may	may	PROPN
edu-4685	14	25	2023	2023	NUM
edu-4685	14	26	licensed	license	VERB
edu-4685	14	27	:	:	PUNCT
edu-4685	14	28	this	this	DET
edu-4685	14	29	work	work	NOUN
edu-4685	14	30	is	be	AUX
edu-4685	14	31	licensed	license	VERB
edu-4685	14	32	under	under	ADP
edu-4685	14	33	a	a	DET
edu-4685	14	34	creative	creative	ADJ
edu-4685	14	35	commons	common	NOUN
edu-4685	14	36	attribution	attribution	NOUN
edu-4685	14	37	4.0	4.0	NUM
edu-4685	14	38	license	license	NOUN
edu-4685	14	39	publisher	publisher	NOUN
edu-4685	14	40	:	:	PUNCT
edu-4685	14	41	asian	asian	ADJ
edu-4685	14	42	online	online	PROPN
edu-4685	14	43	journal	journal	PROPN
edu-4685	14	44	publishing	publishing	PROPN
edu-4685	14	45	group	group	PROPN
edu-4685	14	46	funding	funding	NOUN
edu-4685	14	47	:	:	PUNCT
edu-4685	14	48	this	this	DET
edu-4685	14	49	study	study	NOUN
edu-4685	14	50	received	receive	VERB
edu-4685	14	51	no	no	DET
edu-4685	14	52	specific	specific	ADJ
edu-4685	14	53	financial	financial	ADJ
edu-4685	14	54	support	support	NOUN
edu-4685	14	55	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	15	1	competing	compete	VERB
edu-4685	15	2	interests	interest	NOUN
edu-4685	15	3	:	:	PUNCT
edu-4685	15	4	the	the	DET
edu-4685	15	5	author	author	NOUN
edu-4685	15	6	declares	declare	VERB
edu-4685	15	7	that	that	SCONJ
edu-4685	15	8	there	there	PRON
edu-4685	15	9	are	be	VERB
edu-4685	15	10	no	no	DET
edu-4685	15	11	conflicts	conflict	NOUN
edu-4685	15	12	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	15	13	interests	interest	NOUN
edu-4685	15	14	regarding	regard	VERB
edu-4685	15	15	the	the	DET
edu-4685	15	16	publication	publication	NOUN
edu-4685	15	17	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	15	18	this	this	DET
edu-4685	15	19	paper	paper	NOUN
edu-4685	15	20	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	16	1	transparency	transparency	NOUN
edu-4685	16	2	:	:	PUNCT
edu-4685	16	3	the	the	DET
edu-4685	16	4	author	author	NOUN
edu-4685	16	5	confirms	confirm	VERB
edu-4685	16	6	that	that	SCONJ
edu-4685	16	7	the	the	DET
edu-4685	16	8	manuscript	manuscript	NOUN
edu-4685	16	9	is	be	AUX
edu-4685	16	10	an	an	DET
edu-4685	16	11	honest	honest	ADJ
edu-4685	16	12	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	16	13	accurate	accurate	ADJ
edu-4685	16	14	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	16	15	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	16	16	transparent	transparent	ADJ
edu-4685	16	17	account	account	NOUN
edu-4685	16	18	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	16	19	the	the	DET
edu-4685	16	20	study	study	NOUN
edu-4685	16	21	;	;	PUNCT
edu-4685	16	22	that	that	SCONJ
edu-4685	16	23	no	no	DET
edu-4685	16	24	vital	vital	ADJ
edu-4685	16	25	features	feature	NOUN
edu-4685	16	26	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	16	27	the	the	DET
edu-4685	16	28	study	study	NOUN
edu-4685	16	29	have	have	AUX
edu-4685	16	30	been	be	AUX
edu-4685	16	31	omitted	omit	VERB
edu-4685	16	32	;	;	PUNCT
edu-4685	16	33	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	16	34	that	that	SCONJ
edu-4685	16	35	any	any	DET
edu-4685	16	36	discrepancies	discrepancy	NOUN
edu-4685	16	37	from	from	ADP
edu-4685	16	38	the	the	DET
edu-4685	16	39	study	study	NOUN
edu-4685	16	40	as	as	SCONJ
edu-4685	16	41	planned	plan	VERB
edu-4685	16	42	have	have	AUX
edu-4685	16	43	been	be	AUX
edu-4685	16	44	explained	explain	VERB
edu-4685	16	45	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	17	1	ethical	ethical	ADJ
edu-4685	17	2	:	:	PUNCT
edu-4685	17	3	this	this	DET
edu-4685	17	4	study	study	NOUN
edu-4685	17	5	followed	follow	VERB
edu-4685	17	6	all	all	DET
edu-4685	17	7	ethical	ethical	ADJ
edu-4685	17	8	practices	practice	NOUN
edu-4685	17	9	during	during	ADP
edu-4685	17	10	writing	writing	NOUN
edu-4685	17	11	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	18	1	contents	content	NOUN
edu-4685	18	2	1	1	NUM
edu-4685	18	3	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	19	1	introduction	introduction	NOUN
edu-4685	19	2	......................................................................................................................................................................................	......................................................................................................................................................................................	PROPN
edu-4685	20	1	49	49	NUM
edu-4685	20	2	2	2	NUM
edu-4685	20	3	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	20	4	background	background	NOUN
edu-4685	20	5	.......................................................................................................................................................................................	.......................................................................................................................................................................................	PUNCT
edu-4685	21	1	49	49	NUM
edu-4685	21	2	3	3	NUM
edu-4685	21	3	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	22	1	what	what	PRON
edu-4685	22	2	happened	happen	VERB
edu-4685	22	3	?	?	PUNCT
edu-4685	23	1	..............................................................................................................................................................................	..............................................................................................................................................................................	PUNCT
edu-4685	24	1	50	50	NUM
edu-4685	24	2	4	4	NUM
edu-4685	24	3	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	25	1	yutori	yutori	PROPN
edu-4685	25	2	kyōiku	kyōiku	PROPN
edu-4685	25	3	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	25	4	déjà	déjà	ADJ
edu-4685	25	5	vu	vu	X
edu-4685	25	6	.............................................................................................................................................................	.............................................................................................................................................................	PROPN
edu-4685	26	1	50	50	NUM
edu-4685	26	2	5	5	NUM
edu-4685	26	3	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	26	4	lessons	lesson	NOUN
edu-4685	26	5	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	26	6	the	the	DET
edu-4685	26	7	future	future	NOUN
edu-4685	26	8	....................................................................................................................................................................	....................................................................................................................................................................	PROPN
edu-4685	27	1	51	51	NUM
edu-4685	27	2	6	6	NUM
edu-4685	27	3	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	28	1	other	other	ADJ
edu-4685	28	2	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
edu-4685	28	3	........................................................................................................................................................................	........................................................................................................................................................................	PUNCT
edu-4685	29	1	51	51	NUM
edu-4685	29	2	7	7	NUM
edu-4685	29	3	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	30	1	looking	look	VERB
edu-4685	30	2	back	back	ADV
edu-4685	30	3	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	30	4	forward	forward	ADV
edu-4685	30	5	............................................................................................................................................................	............................................................................................................................................................	PROPN
edu-4685	30	6	52	52	NUM
edu-4685	30	7	8	8	NUM
edu-4685	30	8	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	31	1	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
edu-4685	31	2	.........................................................................................................................................................................................	.........................................................................................................................................................................................	ADP
edu-4685	32	1	52	52	NUM
edu-4685	32	2	references	reference	NOUN
edu-4685	32	3	..............................................................................................................................................................................................	..............................................................................................................................................................................................	VERB
edu-4685	33	1	53	53	NUM
edu-4685	33	2	mailto:julian@world.ryukoku.ac.jp	mailto:julian@world.ryukoku.ac.jp	NOUN
edu-4685	33	3	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	PROPN
edu-4685	33	4	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	PROPN
edu-4685	33	5	https://www.doi.org/10.20448/edu.v9i2.4685	https://www.doi.org/10.20448/edu.v9i2.4685	VERB
edu-4685	33	6	https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2115-9915	https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2115-9915	VERB
edu-4685	33	7	asian	asian	ADJ
edu-4685	33	8	journal	journal	NOUN
edu-4685	33	9	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	33	10	education	education	NOUN
edu-4685	33	11	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	33	12	training	training	NOUN
edu-4685	33	13	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	33	14	2023	2023	NUM
edu-4685	33	15	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	33	16	9(2	9(2	NUM
edu-4685	33	17	):	):	PUNCT
edu-4685	33	18	48	48	NUM
edu-4685	33	19	-	-	SYM
edu-4685	33	20	53	53	NUM
edu-4685	33	21	49	49	NUM
edu-4685	33	22	©	©	PROPN
edu-4685	33	23	2023	2023	NUM
edu-4685	33	24	by	by	ADP
edu-4685	33	25	the	the	DET
edu-4685	33	26	author	author	NOUN
edu-4685	33	27	;	;	PUNCT
edu-4685	33	28	licensee	licensee	PROPN
edu-4685	33	29	asian	asian	ADJ
edu-4685	33	30	online	online	PROPN
edu-4685	33	31	journal	journal	PROPN
edu-4685	33	32	publishing	publishing	NOUN
edu-4685	33	33	group	group	NOUN
edu-4685	33	34	contribution	contribution	NOUN
edu-4685	33	35	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	33	36	this	this	DET
edu-4685	33	37	paper	paper	NOUN
edu-4685	33	38	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	33	39	the	the	DET
edu-4685	33	40	literature	literature	NOUN
edu-4685	33	41	education	education	NOUN
edu-4685	33	42	systems	system	NOUN
edu-4685	33	43	around	around	ADP
edu-4685	33	44	the	the	DET
edu-4685	33	45	world	world	NOUN
edu-4685	33	46	are	be	AUX
edu-4685	33	47	grappling	grapple	VERB
edu-4685	33	48	with	with	ADP
edu-4685	33	49	questions	question	NOUN
edu-4685	33	50	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	33	51	how	how	SCONJ
edu-4685	33	52	to	to	PART
edu-4685	33	53	train	train	VERB
edu-4685	33	54	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	33	55	prepare	prepare	VERB
edu-4685	33	56	the	the	DET
edu-4685	33	57	next	next	ADJ
edu-4685	33	58	generation	generation	NOUN
edu-4685	33	59	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	33	60	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	33	61	with	with	ADP
edu-4685	33	62	the	the	DET
edu-4685	33	63	requisite	requisite	ADJ
edu-4685	33	64	skills	skill	NOUN
edu-4685	33	65	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	33	66	japan	japan	PROPN
edu-4685	33	67	is	be	AUX
edu-4685	33	68	no	no	DET
edu-4685	33	69	exception	exception	NOUN
edu-4685	33	70	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	34	1	however	however	ADV
edu-4685	34	2	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	34	3	as	as	SCONJ
edu-4685	34	4	the	the	DET
edu-4685	34	5	country	country	NOUN
edu-4685	34	6	seems	seem	VERB
edu-4685	34	7	to	to	PART
edu-4685	34	8	be	be	AUX
edu-4685	34	9	back	back	ADV
edu-4685	34	10	-	-	PUNCT
edu-4685	34	11	tracking	tracking	NOUN
edu-4685	34	12	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	34	13	terms	term	NOUN
edu-4685	34	14	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	34	15	teacher	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	34	16	licensing	licensing	NOUN
edu-4685	34	17	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	34	18	training	training	NOUN
edu-4685	34	19	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	34	20	this	this	DET
edu-4685	34	21	paper	paper	NOUN
edu-4685	34	22	aims	aim	VERB
edu-4685	34	23	to	to	PART
edu-4685	34	24	fill	fill	VERB
edu-4685	34	25	a	a	DET
edu-4685	34	26	void	void	NOUN
edu-4685	34	27	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	34	28	this	this	DET
edu-4685	34	29	over	over	ADV
edu-4685	34	30	-	-	PUNCT
edu-4685	34	31	looked	look	VERB
edu-4685	34	32	area	area	NOUN
edu-4685	34	33	by	by	ADP
edu-4685	34	34	researching	research	VERB
edu-4685	34	35	the	the	DET
edu-4685	34	36	policy	policy	NOUN
edu-4685	34	37	moves	move	NOUN
edu-4685	34	38	made	make	VERB
edu-4685	34	39	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	34	40	what	what	PRON
edu-4685	34	41	they	they	PRON
edu-4685	34	42	reveal	reveal	VERB
edu-4685	34	43	about	about	ADP
edu-4685	34	44	the	the	DET
edu-4685	34	45	future	future	NOUN
edu-4685	34	46	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	34	47	japanese	japanese	ADJ
edu-4685	34	48	education	education	NOUN
edu-4685	34	49	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	34	50	say	say	VERB
edu-4685	34	51	about	about	ADP
edu-4685	34	52	the	the	DET
edu-4685	34	53	past	past	NOUN
edu-4685	34	54	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	35	1	1	1	X
edu-4685	35	2	.	.	X
edu-4685	35	3	introduction	introduction	NOUN
edu-4685	35	4	today	today	NOUN
edu-4685	35	5	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	35	6	education	education	NOUN
edu-4685	35	7	systems	system	NOUN
edu-4685	35	8	around	around	ADP
edu-4685	35	9	the	the	DET
edu-4685	35	10	world	world	NOUN
edu-4685	35	11	are	be	AUX
edu-4685	35	12	facing	face	VERB
edu-4685	35	13	an	an	DET
edu-4685	35	14	identity	identity	NOUN
edu-4685	35	15	crisis	crisis	NOUN
edu-4685	35	16	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	35	17	sorts	sort	NOUN
edu-4685	35	18	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	36	1	as	as	SCONJ
edu-4685	36	2	societies	society	NOUN
edu-4685	36	3	mature	mature	VERB
edu-4685	36	4	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	36	5	economies	economy	NOUN
edu-4685	36	6	evolve	evolve	VERB
edu-4685	36	7	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	36	8	technology	technology	NOUN
edu-4685	36	9	becomes	become	VERB
edu-4685	36	10	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
edu-4685	36	11	more	more	ADV
edu-4685	36	12	sophisticated	sophisticated	ADJ
edu-4685	36	13	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	36	14	education	education	NOUN
edu-4685	36	15	systems	system	NOUN
edu-4685	36	16	are	be	AUX
edu-4685	36	17	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
edu-4685	36	18	being	be	AUX
edu-4685	36	19	tasked	task	VERB
edu-4685	36	20	with	with	ADP
edu-4685	36	21	greater	great	ADJ
edu-4685	36	22	responsibilities	responsibility	NOUN
edu-4685	36	23	than	than	ADP
edu-4685	36	24	a	a	DET
edu-4685	36	25	few	few	ADJ
edu-4685	36	26	decades	decade	NOUN
edu-4685	36	27	ago	ago	ADV
edu-4685	36	28	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	36	29	schleicher	schleicher	ADJ
edu-4685	36	30	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	36	31	2019	2019	NUM
edu-4685	36	32	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	36	33	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	37	1	moving	move	VERB
edu-4685	37	2	on	on	ADP
edu-4685	37	3	from	from	ADP
edu-4685	37	4	‘	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	37	5	regular	regular	ADJ
edu-4685	37	6	’	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	37	7	mass	mass	NOUN
edu-4685	37	8	lessons	lesson	NOUN
edu-4685	37	9	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	37	10	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
edu-4685	37	11	are	be	AUX
edu-4685	37	12	becoming	become	VERB
edu-4685	37	13	‘	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	37	14	intelligent	intelligent	ADJ
edu-4685	37	15	’	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	37	16	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	37	17	lessons	lesson	NOUN
edu-4685	37	18	are	be	AUX
edu-4685	37	19	being	be	AUX
edu-4685	37	20	‘	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	37	21	flipped	flip	VERB
edu-4685	37	22	’	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	37	23	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	37	24	students	student	NOUN
edu-4685	37	25	are	be	AUX
edu-4685	37	26	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
edu-4685	37	27	expected	expect	VERB
edu-4685	37	28	to	to	PART
edu-4685	37	29	become	become	VERB
edu-4685	37	30	active	active	ADJ
edu-4685	37	31	learners	learner	NOUN
edu-4685	37	32	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	37	33	critical	critical	ADJ
edu-4685	37	34	thinkers	thinker	NOUN
edu-4685	37	35	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	37	36	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	37	37	global	global	ADJ
edu-4685	37	38	citizens	citizen	NOUN
edu-4685	37	39	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	37	40	possession	possession	NOUN
edu-4685	37	41	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	37	42	high	high	ADJ
edu-4685	37	43	-	-	PUNCT
edu-4685	37	44	quality	quality	NOUN
edu-4685	37	45	vocational	vocational	ADJ
edu-4685	37	46	attributes	attribute	NOUN
edu-4685	37	47	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	38	1	concurrently	concurrently	ADV
edu-4685	38	2	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	38	3	educators	educator	NOUN
edu-4685	38	4	too	too	ADV
edu-4685	38	5	are	be	AUX
edu-4685	38	6	being	be	AUX
edu-4685	38	7	challenged	challenge	VERB
edu-4685	38	8	to	to	PART
edu-4685	38	9	keep	keep	VERB
edu-4685	38	10	up	up	ADP
edu-4685	38	11	to	to	PART
edu-4685	38	12	ensure	ensure	VERB
edu-4685	38	13	they	they	PRON
edu-4685	38	14	are	be	AUX
edu-4685	38	15	delivering	deliver	VERB
edu-4685	38	16	the	the	DET
edu-4685	38	17	kind	kind	NOUN
edu-4685	38	18	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	38	19	education	education	NOUN
edu-4685	38	20	required	require	VERB
edu-4685	38	21	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	38	22	today	today	NOUN
edu-4685	38	23	’s	’s	PART
edu-4685	38	24	evolving	evolve	VERB
edu-4685	38	25	world	world	NOUN
edu-4685	38	26	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	38	27	the	the	DET
edu-4685	38	28	most	most	ADV
edu-4685	38	29	effective	effective	ADJ
edu-4685	38	30	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	38	31	efficient	efficient	ADJ
edu-4685	38	32	method	method	NOUN
edu-4685	38	33	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	39	1	however	however	ADV
edu-4685	39	2	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	39	3	because	because	SCONJ
edu-4685	39	4	they	they	PRON
edu-4685	39	5	are	be	AUX
edu-4685	39	6	so	so	ADV
edu-4685	39	7	novel	novel	ADJ
edu-4685	39	8	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	39	9	most	most	ADJ
edu-4685	39	10	cases	case	NOUN
edu-4685	39	11	these	these	PRON
edu-4685	39	12	newly	newly	ADV
edu-4685	39	13	called	call	VERB
edu-4685	39	14	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	39	15	skills	skill	NOUN
edu-4685	39	16	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	39	17	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
edu-4685	39	18	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	39	19	attributes	attribute	NOUN
edu-4685	39	20	are	be	AUX
edu-4685	39	21	the	the	DET
edu-4685	39	22	kind	kind	NOUN
edu-4685	39	23	that	that	PRON
edu-4685	39	24	many	many	ADJ
edu-4685	39	25	present	present	ADJ
edu-4685	39	26	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	39	27	themselves	themselves	PRON
edu-4685	39	28	do	do	AUX
edu-4685	39	29	not	not	PART
edu-4685	39	30	necessarily	necessarily	ADV
edu-4685	39	31	possess	possess	VERB
edu-4685	39	32	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	40	1	this	this	PRON
edu-4685	40	2	means	mean	VERB
edu-4685	40	3	that	that	SCONJ
edu-4685	40	4	some	some	DET
edu-4685	40	5	form	form	NOUN
edu-4685	40	6	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	40	7	‘	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	40	8	training	training	NOUN
edu-4685	40	9	’	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	40	10	or	or	CCONJ
edu-4685	40	11	upskilling	upskilling	NOUN
edu-4685	40	12	is	be	AUX
edu-4685	40	13	naturally	naturally	ADV
edu-4685	40	14	required	require	VERB
edu-4685	40	15	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	41	1	whether	whether	SCONJ
edu-4685	41	2	that	that	DET
edu-4685	41	3	training	training	NOUN
edu-4685	41	4	takes	take	VERB
edu-4685	41	5	place	place	NOUN
edu-4685	41	6	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	41	7	school	school	NOUN
edu-4685	41	8	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	41	9	on	on	ADP
edu-4685	41	10	the	the	DET
edu-4685	41	11	job	job	NOUN
edu-4685	41	12	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	41	13	virtually	virtually	ADV
edu-4685	41	14	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	41	15	privately	privately	ADV
edu-4685	41	16	or	or	CCONJ
edu-4685	41	17	as	as	ADP
edu-4685	41	18	some	some	DET
edu-4685	41	19	form	form	NOUN
edu-4685	41	20	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	41	21	employment	employment	NOUN
edu-4685	41	22	requirement	requirement	NOUN
edu-4685	41	23	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	41	24	generally	generally	ADV
edu-4685	41	25	depends	depend	VERB
edu-4685	41	26	on	on	ADP
edu-4685	41	27	each	each	DET
edu-4685	41	28	country	country	NOUN
edu-4685	41	29	’s	’s	PART
edu-4685	41	30	education	education	NOUN
edu-4685	41	31	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	41	32	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	41	33	policy	policy	NOUN
edu-4685	41	34	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	42	1	until	until	ADP
edu-4685	42	2	recently	recently	ADV
edu-4685	42	3	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	42	4	japanese	japanese	ADJ
edu-4685	42	5	regulations	regulation	NOUN
edu-4685	42	6	required	require	VERB
edu-4685	42	7	all	all	DET
edu-4685	42	8	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	42	9	to	to	PART
edu-4685	42	10	undergo	undergo	VERB
edu-4685	42	11	a	a	DET
edu-4685	42	12	process	process	NOUN
edu-4685	42	13	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	42	14	teaching	teach	VERB
edu-4685	42	15	license	license	NOUN
edu-4685	42	16	renewal	renewal	NOUN
edu-4685	42	17	which	which	PRON
edu-4685	42	18	was	be	AUX
edu-4685	42	19	ostensibly	ostensibly	ADV
edu-4685	42	20	implemented	implement	VERB
edu-4685	42	21	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	42	22	order	order	NOUN
edu-4685	42	23	to	to	PART
edu-4685	42	24	ensure	ensure	VERB
edu-4685	42	25	that	that	SCONJ
edu-4685	42	26	the	the	DET
edu-4685	42	27	nation	nation	NOUN
edu-4685	42	28	’s	’s	PART
edu-4685	42	29	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	42	30	systematically	systematically	ADV
edu-4685	42	31	acquired	acquire	VERB
edu-4685	42	32	up	up	ADP
edu-4685	42	33	-	-	PUNCT
edu-4685	42	34	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	42	35	-	-	PUNCT
edu-4685	42	36	date	date	NOUN
edu-4685	42	37	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
edu-4685	42	38	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	42	39	skills	skill	NOUN
edu-4685	42	40	to	to	PART
edu-4685	42	41	maintain	maintain	VERB
edu-4685	42	42	the	the	DET
edu-4685	42	43	professional	professional	ADJ
edu-4685	42	44	skills	skill	NOUN
edu-4685	42	45	necessary	necessary	ADJ
edu-4685	42	46	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	42	47	today	today	NOUN
edu-4685	42	48	’s	’s	PART
edu-4685	42	49	educators	educator	NOUN
edu-4685	42	50	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	42	51	nakayama	nakayama	PROPN
edu-4685	42	52	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	42	53	takagi	takagi	NOUN
edu-4685	42	54	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	42	55	&	&	CCONJ
edu-4685	42	56	imamura	imamura	PROPN
edu-4685	42	57	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	42	58	2010	2010	NUM
edu-4685	42	59	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	42	60	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	43	1	however	however	ADV
edu-4685	43	2	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	43	3	the	the	DET
edu-4685	43	4	requirement	requirement	NOUN
edu-4685	43	5	to	to	PART
edu-4685	43	6	undergo	undergo	VERB
edu-4685	43	7	such	such	ADJ
edu-4685	43	8	license	license	NOUN
edu-4685	43	9	renewal	renewal	NOUN
edu-4685	43	10	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	43	11	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	43	12	associated	associate	VERB
edu-4685	43	13	‘	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	43	14	training	training	NOUN
edu-4685	43	15	’	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	43	16	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	43	17	has	have	AUX
edu-4685	43	18	recently	recently	ADV
edu-4685	43	19	been	be	AUX
edu-4685	43	20	officially	officially	ADV
edu-4685	43	21	abolished	abolish	VERB
edu-4685	43	22	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	44	1	how	how	SCONJ
edu-4685	44	2	did	do	AUX
edu-4685	44	3	this	this	DET
edu-4685	44	4	situation	situation	NOUN
edu-4685	44	5	eventuate	eventuate	VERB
edu-4685	44	6	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	44	7	what	what	PRON
edu-4685	44	8	does	do	AUX
edu-4685	44	9	it	it	PRON
edu-4685	44	10	mean	mean	VERB
edu-4685	44	11	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	44	12	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	44	13	-	-	PUNCT
edu-4685	44	14	service	service	NOUN
edu-4685	44	15	training	training	NOUN
edu-4685	44	16	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	44	17	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	44	18	indeed	indeed	ADV
edu-4685	44	19	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	44	20	japanese	japanese	ADJ
edu-4685	44	21	education	education	NOUN
edu-4685	44	22	’s	’s	PART
edu-4685	44	23	future	future	NOUN
edu-4685	44	24	?	?	PUNCT
edu-4685	45	1	this	this	DET
edu-4685	45	2	paper	paper	NOUN
edu-4685	45	3	looks	look	VERB
edu-4685	45	4	briefly	briefly	ADV
edu-4685	45	5	at	at	ADP
edu-4685	45	6	the	the	DET
edu-4685	45	7	background	background	NOUN
edu-4685	45	8	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	45	9	outline	outline	NOUN
edu-4685	45	10	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	45	11	issues	issue	NOUN
edu-4685	45	12	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	45	13	the	the	DET
edu-4685	45	14	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	45	15	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	45	16	aims	aim	VERB
edu-4685	45	17	to	to	PART
edu-4685	45	18	explain	explain	VERB
edu-4685	45	19	why	why	SCONJ
edu-4685	45	20	it	it	PRON
edu-4685	45	21	was	be	AUX
edu-4685	45	22	stopped	stop	VERB
edu-4685	45	23	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	45	24	what	what	PRON
edu-4685	45	25	its	its	PRON
edu-4685	45	26	demise	demise	NOUN
edu-4685	45	27	means	mean	VERB
edu-4685	45	28	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	46	1	drawing	draw	VERB
edu-4685	46	2	on	on	ADP
edu-4685	46	3	data	datum	NOUN
edu-4685	46	4	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	46	5	feedback	feedback	NOUN
edu-4685	46	6	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	46	7	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	46	8	reflections	reflection	NOUN
edu-4685	46	9	from	from	ADP
edu-4685	46	10	the	the	DET
edu-4685	46	11	author	author	NOUN
edu-4685	46	12	’s	’s	PART
edu-4685	46	13	experiences	experience	NOUN
edu-4685	46	14	with	with	ADP
edu-4685	46	15	the	the	DET
edu-4685	46	16	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	46	17	over	over	ADP
edu-4685	46	18	12	12	NUM
edu-4685	46	19	years	year	NOUN
edu-4685	46	20	as	as	ADV
edu-4685	46	21	well	well	ADV
edu-4685	46	22	as	as	ADP
edu-4685	46	23	a	a	DET
edu-4685	46	24	comparison	comparison	NOUN
edu-4685	46	25	with	with	ADP
edu-4685	46	26	the	the	DET
edu-4685	46	27	nation	nation	NOUN
edu-4685	46	28	’s	’s	PART
edu-4685	46	29	yutori	yutori	PROPN
edu-4685	46	30	kyōiku	kyōiku	PROPN
edu-4685	46	31	fiasco	fiasco	PROPN
edu-4685	46	32	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	46	33	it	it	PRON
edu-4685	46	34	looks	look	VERB
edu-4685	46	35	at	at	ADP
edu-4685	46	36	what	what	PRON
edu-4685	46	37	could	could	AUX
edu-4685	46	38	have	have	AUX
edu-4685	46	39	been	be	AUX
edu-4685	46	40	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	46	41	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	46	42	referencing	reference	VERB
edu-4685	46	43	examples	example	NOUN
edu-4685	46	44	from	from	ADP
edu-4685	46	45	other	other	ADJ
edu-4685	46	46	countries	country	NOUN
edu-4685	46	47	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	46	48	examines	examine	VERB
edu-4685	46	49	what	what	PRON
edu-4685	46	50	kind	kind	NOUN
edu-4685	46	51	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	46	52	approach	approach	NOUN
edu-4685	46	53	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	46	54	‘	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	46	55	training	training	NOUN
edu-4685	46	56	’	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	46	57	japan	japan	PROPN
edu-4685	46	58	could	could	AUX
edu-4685	46	59	focus	focus	VERB
edu-4685	46	60	on	on	ADP
edu-4685	46	61	moving	move	VERB
edu-4685	46	62	forward	forward	ADV
edu-4685	46	63	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	47	1	2	2	X
edu-4685	47	2	.	.	X
edu-4685	47	3	background	background	NOUN
edu-4685	47	4	all	all	DET
edu-4685	47	5	developed	develop	VERB
edu-4685	47	6	nations	nation	NOUN
edu-4685	47	7	set	set	VERB
edu-4685	47	8	qualifications	qualification	NOUN
edu-4685	47	9	deemed	deem	VERB
edu-4685	47	10	necessary	necessary	ADJ
edu-4685	47	11	for	for	SCONJ
edu-4685	47	12	individuals	individual	NOUN
edu-4685	47	13	to	to	PART
edu-4685	47	14	become	become	VERB
edu-4685	47	15	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	47	16	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	47	17	japan	japan	PROPN
edu-4685	47	18	is	be	AUX
edu-4685	47	19	no	no	DET
edu-4685	47	20	exception	exception	NOUN
edu-4685	47	21	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	48	1	dating	date	VERB
edu-4685	48	2	back	back	ADV
edu-4685	48	3	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	48	4	1897	1897	NUM
edu-4685	48	5	with	with	ADP
edu-4685	48	6	the	the	DET
edu-4685	48	7	promulgation	promulgation	NOUN
edu-4685	48	8	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	48	9	the	the	DET
edu-4685	48	10	normal	normal	ADJ
edu-4685	48	11	education	education	NOUN
edu-4685	48	12	order	order	NOUN
edu-4685	48	13	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	48	14	shihan	shihan	PROPN
edu-4685	48	15	kyōikurei	kyōikurei	PROPN
edu-4685	48	16	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	48	17	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	48	18	the	the	DET
edu-4685	48	19	early	early	ADJ
edu-4685	48	20	stages	stage	NOUN
edu-4685	48	21	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	48	22	the	the	DET
edu-4685	48	23	formation	formation	NOUN
edu-4685	48	24	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	48	25	the	the	DET
edu-4685	48	26	nation	nation	NOUN
edu-4685	48	27	’s	’s	PART
edu-4685	48	28	national	national	ADJ
edu-4685	48	29	educational	educational	ADJ
edu-4685	48	30	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	48	31	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	48	32	the	the	DET
edu-4685	48	33	percentage	percentage	NOUN
edu-4685	48	34	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	48	35	‘	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	48	36	unqualified	unqualified	ADJ
edu-4685	48	37	’	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	48	38	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	48	39	was	be	AUX
edu-4685	48	40	58	58	NUM
edu-4685	48	41	%	%	NOUN
edu-4685	48	42	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	49	1	however	however	ADV
edu-4685	49	2	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	49	3	by	by	ADP
edu-4685	49	4	1905	1905	NUM
edu-4685	49	5	this	this	DET
edu-4685	49	6	number	number	NOUN
edu-4685	49	7	had	have	AUX
edu-4685	49	8	dropped	drop	VERB
edu-4685	49	9	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	49	10	16	16	NUM
edu-4685	49	11	%	%	NOUN
edu-4685	49	12	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	49	13	institute	institute	NOUN
edu-4685	49	14	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	49	15	international	international	ADJ
edu-4685	49	16	cooperation	cooperation	NOUN
edu-4685	49	17	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	49	18	2004	2004	NUM
edu-4685	49	19	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	49	20	as	as	SCONJ
edu-4685	49	21	japan	japan	PROPN
edu-4685	49	22	embarked	embark	VERB
edu-4685	49	23	on	on	ADP
edu-4685	49	24	a	a	DET
edu-4685	49	25	path	path	NOUN
edu-4685	49	26	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	49	27	modernization	modernization	NOUN
edu-4685	49	28	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	49	29	standardization	standardization	NOUN
edu-4685	49	30	ultimately	ultimately	ADV
edu-4685	49	31	leading	lead	VERB
edu-4685	49	32	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	49	33	one	one	NUM
edu-4685	49	34	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	49	35	the	the	DET
edu-4685	49	36	most	most	ADV
edu-4685	49	37	robust	robust	ADJ
edu-4685	49	38	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	49	39	effective	effective	ADJ
edu-4685	49	40	educational	educational	ADJ
edu-4685	49	41	systems	system	NOUN
edu-4685	49	42	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	49	43	the	the	DET
edu-4685	49	44	world	world	NOUN
edu-4685	49	45	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	50	1	at	at	ADP
edu-4685	50	2	around	around	ADP
edu-4685	50	3	the	the	DET
edu-4685	50	4	same	same	ADJ
edu-4685	50	5	time	time	NOUN
edu-4685	50	6	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	50	7	the	the	DET
edu-4685	50	8	teacher	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	50	9	licensing	licensing	NOUN
edu-4685	50	10	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	50	11	“	"	PUNCT
edu-4685	50	12	was	be	AUX
edu-4685	50	13	also	also	ADV
edu-4685	50	14	taken	take	VERB
edu-4685	50	15	forward	forward	ADV
edu-4685	50	16	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	50	17	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	50	18	teacher	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	50	19	’s	’s	PART
edu-4685	50	20	licenses	license	NOUN
edu-4685	50	21	were	be	AUX
edu-4685	50	22	granted	grant	VERB
edu-4685	50	23	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	50	24	graduates	graduate	NOUN
edu-4685	50	25	from	from	ADP
edu-4685	50	26	a	a	DET
edu-4685	50	27	teacher	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	50	28	training	training	NOUN
edu-4685	50	29	establishment	establishment	NOUN
edu-4685	50	30	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	50	31	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	50	32	others	other	NOUN
edu-4685	50	33	with	with	ADP
edu-4685	50	34	a	a	DET
edu-4685	50	35	different	different	ADJ
edu-4685	50	36	academic	academic	ADJ
edu-4685	50	37	record	record	NOUN
edu-4685	50	38	who	who	PRON
edu-4685	50	39	were	be	AUX
edu-4685	50	40	successful	successful	ADJ
edu-4685	50	41	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	50	42	the	the	DET
edu-4685	50	43	teaching	teaching	NOUN
edu-4685	50	44	certificate	certificate	NOUN
edu-4685	50	45	examination	examination	NOUN
edu-4685	50	46	”	"	PUNCT
edu-4685	50	47	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	50	48	institute	institute	NOUN
edu-4685	50	49	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	50	50	international	international	ADJ
edu-4685	50	51	cooperation	cooperation	NOUN
edu-4685	50	52	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	50	53	2004	2004	NUM
edu-4685	50	54	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	50	55	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	51	1	after	after	ADP
edu-4685	51	2	world	world	NOUN
edu-4685	51	3	war	war	PROPN
edu-4685	51	4	two	two	NUM
edu-4685	51	5	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	51	6	education	education	NOUN
edu-4685	51	7	was	be	AUX
edu-4685	51	8	revamped	revamp	VERB
edu-4685	51	9	further	far	ADV
edu-4685	51	10	making	make	VERB
edu-4685	51	11	it	it	PRON
edu-4685	51	12	possible	possible	ADJ
edu-4685	51	13	for	for	SCONJ
edu-4685	51	14	pre	pre	ADJ
edu-4685	51	15	-	-	ADJ
edu-4685	51	16	service	service	ADJ
edu-4685	51	17	teacher	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	51	18	training	training	NOUN
edu-4685	51	19	courses	course	NOUN
edu-4685	51	20	to	to	PART
edu-4685	51	21	be	be	AUX
edu-4685	51	22	offered	offer	VERB
edu-4685	51	23	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	51	24	faculties	faculty	NOUN
edu-4685	51	25	other	other	ADJ
edu-4685	51	26	than	than	ADP
edu-4685	51	27	education	education	NOUN
edu-4685	51	28	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	51	29	all	all	DET
edu-4685	51	30	national	national	ADJ
edu-4685	51	31	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	51	32	private	private	ADJ
edu-4685	51	33	universities	university	NOUN
edu-4685	51	34	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	52	1	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	52	2	approximately	approximately	ADV
edu-4685	52	3	the	the	DET
edu-4685	52	4	next	next	ADJ
edu-4685	52	5	60	60	NUM
edu-4685	52	6	years	year	NOUN
edu-4685	52	7	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	52	8	other	other	ADJ
edu-4685	52	9	than	than	ADP
edu-4685	52	10	the	the	DET
edu-4685	52	11	fact	fact	NOUN
edu-4685	52	12	that	that	SCONJ
edu-4685	52	13	the	the	DET
edu-4685	52	14	issuance	issuance	NOUN
edu-4685	52	15	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	52	16	teaching	teaching	NOUN
edu-4685	52	17	licenses	license	NOUN
edu-4685	52	18	was	be	AUX
edu-4685	52	19	moved	move	VERB
edu-4685	52	20	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	52	21	the	the	DET
edu-4685	52	22	jurisdiction	jurisdiction	NOUN
edu-4685	52	23	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	52	24	prefectures	prefecture	NOUN
edu-4685	52	25	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	52	26	1913	1913	NUM
edu-4685	52	27	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	52	28	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	52	29	the	the	DET
edu-4685	52	30	introduction	introduction	NOUN
edu-4685	52	31	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	52	32	a	a	DET
edu-4685	52	33	requirement	requirement	NOUN
edu-4685	52	34	for	for	SCONJ
edu-4685	52	35	licensees	licensee	NOUN
edu-4685	52	36	to	to	PART
edu-4685	52	37	undertake	undertake	VERB
edu-4685	52	38	compulsory	compulsory	ADJ
edu-4685	52	39	volunteer	volunteer	NOUN
edu-4685	52	40	training	training	NOUN
edu-4685	52	41	at	at	ADP
edu-4685	52	42	an	an	DET
edu-4685	52	43	aged	aged	ADJ
edu-4685	52	44	care	care	NOUN
edu-4685	52	45	facility	facility	NOUN
edu-4685	52	46	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	52	47	1997	1997	NUM
edu-4685	52	48	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	52	49	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	52	50	little	little	ADJ
edu-4685	52	51	else	else	ADV
edu-4685	52	52	changed	change	VERB
edu-4685	52	53	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	53	1	however	however	ADV
edu-4685	53	2	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	53	3	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	53	4	response	response	NOUN
edu-4685	53	5	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	53	6	a	a	DET
edu-4685	53	7	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	53	8	supposed	suppose	VERB
edu-4685	53	9	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	53	10	drop	drop	NOUN
edu-4685	53	11	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	53	12	national	national	ADJ
edu-4685	53	13	academic	academic	ADJ
edu-4685	53	14	standards	standard	NOUN
edu-4685	53	15	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	53	16	increasing	increase	VERB
edu-4685	53	17	concerns	concern	NOUN
edu-4685	53	18	surrounding	surround	VERB
edu-4685	53	19	teacher	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	53	20	quality	quality	NOUN
edu-4685	53	21	–	–	PUNCT
edu-4685	53	22	including	include	VERB
edu-4685	53	23	their	their	PRON
edu-4685	53	24	ability	ability	NOUN
edu-4685	53	25	to	to	PART
edu-4685	53	26	effectively	effectively	ADV
edu-4685	53	27	control	control	VERB
edu-4685	53	28	students	student	NOUN
edu-4685	53	29	–	–	PUNCT
edu-4685	53	30	calls	call	NOUN
edu-4685	53	31	began	begin	VERB
edu-4685	53	32	to	to	PART
edu-4685	53	33	grow	grow	VERB
edu-4685	53	34	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	53	35	a	a	DET
edu-4685	53	36	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	53	37	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	53	38	greater	great	ADJ
edu-4685	53	39	accountability	accountability	NOUN
edu-4685	53	40	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	53	41	yamada	yamada	NOUN
edu-4685	53	42	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	53	43	2021	2021	NUM
edu-4685	53	44	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	53	45	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	54	1	the	the	DET
edu-4685	54	2	nation	nation	NOUN
edu-4685	54	3	’s	’s	PART
edu-4685	54	4	teaching	teach	VERB
edu-4685	54	5	license	license	NOUN
edu-4685	54	6	renewal	renewal	NOUN
edu-4685	54	7	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	54	8	tlr	tlr	PROPN
edu-4685	54	9	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	54	10	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	54	11	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	54	12	educational	educational	ADJ
edu-4685	54	13	personnel	personnel	NOUN
edu-4685	54	14	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	54	15	kyōin	kyōin	NOUN
edu-4685	54	16	menkyo	menkyo	PROPN
edu-4685	54	17	kōshin	kōshin	PROPN
edu-4685	54	18	seido	seido	NOUN
edu-4685	54	19	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	54	20	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	54	21	japanese	japanese	PROPN
edu-4685	54	22	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	54	23	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	54	24	therefore	therefore	ADV
edu-4685	54	25	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	54	26	dates	date	VERB
edu-4685	54	27	back	back	ADV
edu-4685	54	28	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	54	29	discussions	discussion	NOUN
edu-4685	54	30	from	from	ADP
edu-4685	54	31	the	the	DET
edu-4685	54	32	research	research	NOUN
edu-4685	54	33	commission	commission	NOUN
edu-4685	54	34	on	on	ADP
edu-4685	54	35	the	the	DET
edu-4685	54	36	education	education	NOUN
edu-4685	54	37	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	54	38	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	54	39	1983	1983	NUM
edu-4685	54	40	initiated	initiate	VERB
edu-4685	54	41	by	by	ADP
edu-4685	54	42	the	the	DET
edu-4685	54	43	ruling	rule	VERB
edu-4685	54	44	liberal	liberal	ADJ
edu-4685	54	45	democratic	democratic	ADJ
edu-4685	54	46	party	party	NOUN
edu-4685	54	47	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	55	1	however	however	ADV
edu-4685	55	2	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	55	3	at	at	ADP
edu-4685	55	4	the	the	DET
edu-4685	55	5	time	time	NOUN
edu-4685	55	6	concerns	concern	NOUN
edu-4685	55	7	about	about	ADP
edu-4685	55	8	costs	cost	NOUN
edu-4685	55	9	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	55	10	the	the	DET
edu-4685	55	11	burden	burden	NOUN
edu-4685	55	12	on	on	ADP
edu-4685	55	13	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	55	14	meant	mean	VERB
edu-4685	55	15	the	the	DET
edu-4685	55	16	debate	debate	NOUN
edu-4685	55	17	eventually	eventually	ADV
edu-4685	55	18	dissipated	dissipate	VERB
edu-4685	55	19	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	55	20	yamada	yamada	NOUN
edu-4685	55	21	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	55	22	2021	2021	NUM
edu-4685	55	23	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	55	24	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	56	1	the	the	DET
edu-4685	56	2	first	first	PROPN
edu-4685	56	3	abe	abe	PROPN
edu-4685	56	4	administration	administration	PROPN
edu-4685	56	5	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	56	6	the	the	DET
edu-4685	56	7	2000s	2000s	NUM
edu-4685	56	8	rekindled	rekindle	VERB
edu-4685	56	9	the	the	DET
edu-4685	56	10	debate	debate	NOUN
edu-4685	56	11	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	56	12	eventually	eventually	ADV
edu-4685	56	13	the	the	DET
edu-4685	56	14	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	56	15	became	become	VERB
edu-4685	56	16	law	law	NOUN
edu-4685	56	17	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	56	18	what	what	PRON
edu-4685	56	19	equated	equate	VERB
edu-4685	56	20	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	56	21	“	"	PUNCT
edu-4685	56	22	a	a	DET
edu-4685	56	23	speed	speed	NOUN
edu-4685	56	24	-	-	PUNCT
edu-4685	56	25	before	before	ADP
edu-4685	56	26	-	-	PUNCT
edu-4685	56	27	quality	quality	NOUN
edu-4685	56	28	situation	situation	NOUN
edu-4685	56	29	”	"	PUNCT
edu-4685	56	30	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	56	31	mainichi	mainichi	PROPN
edu-4685	56	32	shimbun	shimbun	PROPN
edu-4685	56	33	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	56	34	2007	2007	NUM
edu-4685	56	35	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	56	36	cited	cite	VERB
edu-4685	56	37	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	56	38	nakayama	nakayama	PROPN
edu-4685	56	39	et	et	PROPN
edu-4685	56	40	al	al	PROPN
edu-4685	56	41	.	.	PROPN
edu-4685	56	42	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	56	43	2010	2010	NUM
edu-4685	56	44	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	56	45	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	56	46	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	57	1	according	accord	VERB
edu-4685	57	2	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	57	3	documents	document	NOUN
edu-4685	57	4	from	from	ADP
edu-4685	57	5	the	the	DET
edu-4685	57	6	ministry	ministry	PROPN
edu-4685	57	7	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	57	8	education	education	PROPN
edu-4685	57	9	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	57	10	mext	mext	NOUN
edu-4685	57	11	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	57	12	the	the	DET
edu-4685	57	13	main	main	ADJ
edu-4685	57	14	purpose	purpose	NOUN
edu-4685	57	15	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	57	16	the	the	DET
edu-4685	57	17	proposed	propose	VERB
edu-4685	57	18	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	57	19	was	be	AUX
edu-4685	57	20	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	57	21	as	as	SCONJ
edu-4685	57	22	briefly	briefly	ADV
edu-4685	57	23	mentioned	mention	VERB
edu-4685	57	24	above	above	ADV
edu-4685	57	25	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	57	26	“	"	PUNCT
edu-4685	57	27	to	to	PART
edu-4685	57	28	ensure	ensure	VERB
edu-4685	57	29	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	57	30	systematically	systematically	ADV
edu-4685	57	31	acquire	acquire	VERB
edu-4685	57	32	up	up	ADP
edu-4685	57	33	-	-	PUNCT
edu-4685	57	34	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	57	35	-	-	PUNCT
edu-4685	57	36	date	date	NOUN
edu-4685	57	37	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
edu-4685	57	38	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	57	39	skills	skill	NOUN
edu-4685	57	40	to	to	PART
edu-4685	57	41	maintain	maintain	VERB
edu-4685	57	42	the	the	DET
edu-4685	57	43	professional	professional	ADJ
edu-4685	57	44	competencies	competency	NOUN
edu-4685	57	45	necessary	necessary	ADJ
edu-4685	57	46	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	57	47	today	today	NOUN
edu-4685	57	48	’s	’s	PART
edu-4685	57	49	educators	educator	NOUN
edu-4685	57	50	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	57	51	teach	teach	VERB
edu-4685	57	52	with	with	ADP
edu-4685	57	53	confidence	confidence	NOUN
edu-4685	57	54	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	57	55	pride	pride	NOUN
edu-4685	57	56	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	57	57	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	57	58	gain	gain	VERB
edu-4685	57	59	respect	respect	NOUN
edu-4685	57	60	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	57	61	trust	trust	NOUN
edu-4685	57	62	from	from	ADP
edu-4685	57	63	the	the	DET
edu-4685	57	64	public	public	NOUN
edu-4685	57	65	”	"	PUNCT
edu-4685	57	66	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	57	67	nakayama	nakayama	PROPN
edu-4685	57	68	et	et	PROPN
edu-4685	57	69	al	al	PROPN
edu-4685	57	70	.	.	PROPN
edu-4685	57	71	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	57	72	2010	2010	NUM
edu-4685	57	73	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	57	74	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	58	1	while	while	SCONJ
edu-4685	58	2	the	the	DET
edu-4685	58	3	former	former	ADJ
edu-4685	58	4	ideas	idea	NOUN
edu-4685	58	5	relating	relate	VERB
edu-4685	58	6	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	58	7	professional	professional	ADJ
edu-4685	58	8	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
edu-4685	58	9	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	58	10	skills	skill	NOUN
edu-4685	58	11	make	make	VERB
edu-4685	58	12	sense	sense	NOUN
edu-4685	58	13	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	58	14	the	the	DET
edu-4685	58	15	latter	latter	ADJ
edu-4685	58	16	notions	notion	NOUN
edu-4685	58	17	pertaining	pertain	VERB
edu-4685	58	18	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	58	19	the	the	DET
edu-4685	58	20	abstract	abstract	ADJ
edu-4685	58	21	concepts	concept	NOUN
edu-4685	58	22	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	58	23	pride	pride	NOUN
edu-4685	58	24	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	58	25	confidence	confidence	NOUN
edu-4685	58	26	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	58	27	respect	respect	NOUN
edu-4685	58	28	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	58	29	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	58	30	trust	trust	NOUN
edu-4685	58	31	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	58	32	suggest	suggest	VERB
edu-4685	58	33	that	that	SCONJ
edu-4685	58	34	the	the	DET
edu-4685	58	35	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	58	36	itself	itself	PRON
edu-4685	58	37	was	be	AUX
edu-4685	58	38	always	always	ADV
edu-4685	58	39	meant	mean	VERB
edu-4685	58	40	to	to	PART
edu-4685	58	41	do	do	VERB
edu-4685	58	42	more	more	ADJ
edu-4685	58	43	than	than	SCONJ
edu-4685	58	44	it	it	PRON
edu-4685	58	45	could	could	AUX
edu-4685	58	46	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	59	1	although	although	SCONJ
edu-4685	59	2	some	some	DET
edu-4685	59	3	critics	critic	NOUN
edu-4685	59	4	argued	argue	VERB
edu-4685	59	5	from	from	ADP
edu-4685	59	6	the	the	DET
edu-4685	59	7	outset	outset	NOUN
edu-4685	59	8	that	that	SCONJ
edu-4685	59	9	the	the	DET
edu-4685	59	10	introduction	introduction	NOUN
edu-4685	59	11	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	59	12	the	the	DET
edu-4685	59	13	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	59	14	was	be	AUX
edu-4685	59	15	a	a	DET
edu-4685	59	16	way	way	NOUN
edu-4685	59	17	to	to	PART
edu-4685	59	18	eliminate	eliminate	VERB
edu-4685	59	19	incompetent	incompetent	ADJ
edu-4685	59	20	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	59	21	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	59	22	maintain	maintain	VERB
edu-4685	59	23	quality	quality	NOUN
edu-4685	59	24	at	at	ADP
edu-4685	59	25	a	a	DET
edu-4685	59	26	certain	certain	ADJ
edu-4685	59	27	level	level	NOUN
edu-4685	59	28	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	59	29	higashiyama	higashiyama	PROPN
edu-4685	59	30	&	&	CCONJ
edu-4685	59	31	hara	hara	PROPN
edu-4685	59	32	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	59	33	2010	2010	NUM
edu-4685	59	34	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	59	35	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	59	36	the	the	DET
edu-4685	59	37	ministry	ministry	PROPN
edu-4685	59	38	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	59	39	education	education	PROPN
edu-4685	59	40	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	59	41	mext	mext	NOUN
edu-4685	59	42	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	59	43	2012	2012	NUM
edu-4685	59	44	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	59	45	refuted	refute	VERB
edu-4685	59	46	that	that	SCONJ
edu-4685	59	47	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	59	48	clearly	clearly	ADV
edu-4685	59	49	stating	state	VERB
edu-4685	59	50	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	59	51	a	a	DET
edu-4685	59	52	published	publish	VERB
edu-4685	59	53	footnote	footnote	NOUN
edu-4685	59	54	“	"	PUNCT
edu-4685	59	55	the	the	DET
edu-4685	59	56	purpose	purpose	NOUN
edu-4685	59	57	is	be	AUX
edu-4685	59	58	not	not	PART
edu-4685	59	59	to	to	PART
edu-4685	59	60	get	get	AUX
edu-4685	59	61	rid	rid	VERB
edu-4685	59	62	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	59	63	inappropriate	inappropriate	ADJ
edu-4685	59	64	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	59	65	”	"	PUNCT
edu-4685	60	1	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	60	2	author	author	NOUN
edu-4685	60	3	’s	’s	PART
edu-4685	60	4	translation	translation	NOUN
edu-4685	60	5	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	60	6	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	61	1	however	however	ADV
edu-4685	61	2	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	61	3	mext	mext	NOUN
edu-4685	61	4	documents	document	NOUN
edu-4685	61	5	also	also	ADV
edu-4685	61	6	note	note	VERB
edu-4685	61	7	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	61	8	their	their	PRON
edu-4685	61	9	explanation	explanation	NOUN
edu-4685	61	10	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	61	11	the	the	DET
edu-4685	61	12	background	background	NOUN
edu-4685	61	13	surrounding	surround	VERB
edu-4685	61	14	the	the	DET
edu-4685	61	15	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	61	16	that	that	PRON
edu-4685	61	17	a	a	DET
edu-4685	61	18	number	number	NOUN
edu-4685	61	19	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	61	20	‘	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	61	21	scandals	scandal	NOUN
edu-4685	61	22	’	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	61	23	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	61	24	fushōji	fushōji	NOUN
edu-4685	61	25	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	61	26	by	by	ADP
edu-4685	61	27	a	a	DET
edu-4685	61	28	small	small	ADJ
edu-4685	61	29	number	number	NOUN
edu-4685	61	30	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	61	31	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	61	32	recently	recently	ADV
edu-4685	61	33	has	have	AUX
edu-4685	61	34	led	lead	VERB
edu-4685	61	35	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	61	36	the	the	DET
edu-4685	61	37	profession	profession	NOUN
edu-4685	61	38	being	be	AUX
edu-4685	61	39	publicly	publicly	ADV
edu-4685	61	40	scrutinized	scrutinize	VERB
edu-4685	61	41	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	61	42	mext	mext	NOUN
edu-4685	61	43	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	61	44	n.d	n.d	PROPN
edu-4685	61	45	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	61	46	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	62	1	wada	wada	PROPN
edu-4685	62	2	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	62	3	burnett	burnett	PROPN
edu-4685	62	4	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	62	5	2011	2011	NUM
edu-4685	62	6	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	62	7	also	also	ADV
edu-4685	62	8	reported	report	VERB
edu-4685	62	9	that	that	SCONJ
edu-4685	62	10	some	some	PRON
edu-4685	62	11	felt	feel	VERB
edu-4685	62	12	the	the	DET
edu-4685	62	13	real	real	ADJ
edu-4685	62	14	intention	intention	NOUN
edu-4685	62	15	was	be	AUX
edu-4685	62	16	to	to	PART
edu-4685	62	17	centralize	centralize	VERB
edu-4685	62	18	mext	mext	NOUN
edu-4685	62	19	control	control	NOUN
edu-4685	62	20	over	over	ADP
edu-4685	62	21	teacher	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	62	22	employment	employment	NOUN
edu-4685	62	23	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	62	24	to	to	PART
edu-4685	62	25	better	well	ADV
edu-4685	62	26	position	position	VERB
edu-4685	62	27	the	the	DET
edu-4685	62	28	ministry	ministry	NOUN
edu-4685	62	29	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	62	30	its	its	PRON
edu-4685	62	31	long	long	ADJ
edu-4685	62	32	running	running	NOUN
edu-4685	62	33	battle	battle	NOUN
edu-4685	62	34	with	with	ADP
edu-4685	62	35	the	the	DET
edu-4685	62	36	japanese	japanese	ADJ
edu-4685	62	37	teacher	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	62	38	’s	’s	PART
edu-4685	62	39	union	union	PROPN
edu-4685	62	40	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	62	41	nikkyōso	nikkyōso	NOUN
edu-4685	62	42	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	62	43	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	63	1	prior	prior	ADV
edu-4685	63	2	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	63	3	the	the	DET
edu-4685	63	4	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	63	5	’s	’s	PART
edu-4685	63	6	implementation	implementation	NOUN
edu-4685	63	7	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	63	8	teaching	teach	VERB
edu-4685	63	9	licenses	license	NOUN
edu-4685	63	10	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	63	11	japan	japan	PROPN
edu-4685	63	12	were	be	AUX
edu-4685	63	13	issued	issue	VERB
edu-4685	63	14	permanently	permanently	ADV
edu-4685	63	15	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	63	16	those	those	PRON
edu-4685	63	17	who	who	PRON
edu-4685	63	18	had	have	AUX
edu-4685	63	19	passed	pass	VERB
edu-4685	63	20	their	their	PRON
edu-4685	63	21	initial	initial	ADJ
edu-4685	63	22	training	training	NOUN
edu-4685	63	23	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	64	1	the	the	DET
edu-4685	64	2	educational	educational	ADJ
edu-4685	64	3	personnel	personnel	NOUN
edu-4685	64	4	certification	certification	NOUN
edu-4685	64	5	law	law	NOUN
edu-4685	64	6	was	be	AUX
edu-4685	64	7	revised	revise	VERB
edu-4685	64	8	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	64	9	june	june	PROPN
edu-4685	64	10	2007	2007	NUM
edu-4685	64	11	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	64	12	the	the	DET
edu-4685	64	13	license	license	NOUN
edu-4685	64	14	renewal	renewal	NOUN
edu-4685	64	15	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	64	16	came	come	VERB
edu-4685	64	17	into	into	ADP
edu-4685	64	18	effect	effect	NOUN
edu-4685	64	19	from	from	ADP
edu-4685	64	20	april	april	PROPN
edu-4685	64	21	2009	2009	NUM
edu-4685	64	22	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	65	1	the	the	DET
edu-4685	65	2	changes	change	NOUN
edu-4685	65	3	meant	mean	VERB
edu-4685	65	4	that	that	SCONJ
edu-4685	65	5	license	license	NOUN
edu-4685	65	6	validity	validity	NOUN
edu-4685	65	7	would	would	AUX
edu-4685	65	8	be	be	AUX
edu-4685	65	9	capped	cap	VERB
edu-4685	65	10	at	at	ADP
edu-4685	65	11	ten	ten	NUM
edu-4685	65	12	years	year	NOUN
edu-4685	65	13	with	with	ADP
edu-4685	65	14	the	the	DET
edu-4685	65	15	successful	successful	ADJ
edu-4685	65	16	completion	completion	NOUN
edu-4685	65	17	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	65	18	seminars	seminar	NOUN
edu-4685	65	19	becoming	become	VERB
edu-4685	65	20	a	a	DET
edu-4685	65	21	requisite	requisite	NOUN
edu-4685	65	22	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	65	23	renewal	renewal	NOUN
edu-4685	65	24	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	66	1	specifically	specifically	ADV
edu-4685	66	2	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	66	3	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	66	4	were	be	AUX
edu-4685	66	5	asian	asian	ADJ
edu-4685	66	6	journal	journal	NOUN
edu-4685	66	7	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	66	8	education	education	NOUN
edu-4685	66	9	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	66	10	training	training	NOUN
edu-4685	66	11	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	66	12	2023	2023	NUM
edu-4685	66	13	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	66	14	9(2	9(2	NUM
edu-4685	66	15	):	):	PUNCT
edu-4685	66	16	48	48	NUM
edu-4685	66	17	-	-	SYM
edu-4685	66	18	53	53	NUM
edu-4685	66	19	50	50	NUM
edu-4685	66	20	©	©	PROPN
edu-4685	66	21	2023	2023	NUM
edu-4685	66	22	by	by	ADP
edu-4685	66	23	the	the	DET
edu-4685	66	24	author	author	NOUN
edu-4685	66	25	;	;	PUNCT
edu-4685	66	26	licensee	licensee	PROPN
edu-4685	66	27	asian	asian	ADJ
edu-4685	66	28	online	online	PROPN
edu-4685	66	29	journal	journal	PROPN
edu-4685	66	30	publishing	publishing	NOUN
edu-4685	66	31	group	group	NOUN
edu-4685	66	32	required	require	VERB
edu-4685	66	33	to	to	PART
edu-4685	66	34	enroll	enroll	VERB
edu-4685	66	35	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	66	36	at	at	ADV
edu-4685	66	37	least	least	ADV
edu-4685	66	38	30	30	NUM
edu-4685	66	39	hours	hour	NOUN
edu-4685	66	40	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	66	41	instruction	instruction	NOUN
edu-4685	66	42	over	over	ADP
edu-4685	66	43	a	a	DET
edu-4685	66	44	two	two	NUM
edu-4685	66	45	-	-	PUNCT
edu-4685	66	46	year	year	NOUN
edu-4685	66	47	period	period	NOUN
edu-4685	66	48	prior	prior	ADV
edu-4685	66	49	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	66	50	the	the	DET
edu-4685	66	51	expiration	expiration	NOUN
edu-4685	66	52	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	66	53	their	their	PRON
edu-4685	66	54	license	license	NOUN
edu-4685	66	55	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	67	1	the	the	DET
edu-4685	67	2	required	require	VERB
edu-4685	67	3	30	30	NUM
edu-4685	67	4	hours	hour	NOUN
edu-4685	67	5	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	67	6	study	study	NOUN
edu-4685	67	7	comprised	comprise	VERB
edu-4685	67	8	12	12	NUM
edu-4685	67	9	hours	hour	NOUN
edu-4685	67	10	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	67	11	compulsory	compulsory	ADJ
edu-4685	67	12	classes	class	NOUN
edu-4685	67	13	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	67	14	18	18	NUM
edu-4685	67	15	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	67	16	electives	elective	NOUN
edu-4685	67	17	to	to	PART
edu-4685	67	18	be	be	AUX
edu-4685	67	19	completed	complete	VERB
edu-4685	67	20	at	at	ADP
edu-4685	67	21	certain	certain	ADJ
edu-4685	67	22	participating	participate	VERB
edu-4685	67	23	universities	university	NOUN
edu-4685	67	24	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	68	1	3	3	X
edu-4685	68	2	.	.	X
edu-4685	68	3	what	what	PRON
edu-4685	68	4	happened	happen	VERB
edu-4685	68	5	?	?	PUNCT
edu-4685	69	1	from	from	ADP
edu-4685	69	2	the	the	DET
edu-4685	69	3	beginning	beginning	NOUN
edu-4685	69	4	the	the	DET
edu-4685	69	5	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	69	6	faced	face	VERB
edu-4685	69	7	hurdles	hurdle	NOUN
edu-4685	69	8	not	not	PART
edu-4685	69	9	least	least	ADJ
edu-4685	69	10	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	69	11	which	which	PRON
edu-4685	69	12	was	be	AUX
edu-4685	69	13	a	a	DET
edu-4685	69	14	lack	lack	NOUN
edu-4685	69	15	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	69	16	understanding	understanding	NOUN
edu-4685	69	17	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	69	18	exactly	exactly	ADV
edu-4685	69	19	why	why	SCONJ
edu-4685	69	20	such	such	DET
edu-4685	69	21	a	a	DET
edu-4685	69	22	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	69	23	was	be	AUX
edu-4685	69	24	necessary	necessary	ADJ
edu-4685	69	25	–	–	PUNCT
edu-4685	69	26	which	which	PRON
edu-4685	69	27	was	be	AUX
edu-4685	69	28	most	most	ADV
edu-4685	69	29	likely	likely	ADJ
edu-4685	69	30	a	a	DET
edu-4685	69	31	result	result	NOUN
edu-4685	69	32	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	69	33	poor	poor	ADJ
edu-4685	69	34	planning	planning	NOUN
edu-4685	69	35	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	69	36	communication	communication	NOUN
edu-4685	69	37	–	–	PUNCT
edu-4685	69	38	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	69	39	consequently	consequently	ADV
edu-4685	69	40	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	69	41	an	an	DET
edu-4685	69	42	overall	overall	ADJ
edu-4685	69	43	lack	lack	NOUN
edu-4685	69	44	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	69	45	support	support	NOUN
edu-4685	69	46	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	70	1	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	70	2	example	example	NOUN
edu-4685	70	3	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	70	4	kita	kita	PROPN
edu-4685	70	5	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	70	6	miura	miura	PROPN
edu-4685	70	7	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	70	8	2010	2010	NUM
edu-4685	70	9	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	70	10	conducted	conduct	VERB
edu-4685	70	11	research	research	NOUN
edu-4685	70	12	through	through	ADP
edu-4685	70	13	a	a	DET
edu-4685	70	14	survey	survey	NOUN
edu-4685	70	15	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	70	16	472	472	NUM
edu-4685	70	17	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	70	18	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	70	19	which	which	PRON
edu-4685	70	20	82	82	NUM
edu-4685	70	21	%	%	NOUN
edu-4685	70	22	responded	respond	VERB
edu-4685	70	23	that	that	SCONJ
edu-4685	70	24	they	they	PRON
edu-4685	70	25	believed	believe	VERB
edu-4685	70	26	the	the	DET
edu-4685	70	27	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	70	28	was	be	AUX
edu-4685	70	29	unnecessary	unnecessary	ADJ
edu-4685	70	30	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	71	1	from	from	ADP
edu-4685	71	2	the	the	DET
edu-4685	71	3	outset	outset	NOUN
edu-4685	71	4	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	71	5	the	the	DET
edu-4685	71	6	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	71	7	faced	face	VERB
edu-4685	71	8	considerable	considerable	ADJ
edu-4685	71	9	criticism	criticism	NOUN
edu-4685	71	10	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	71	11	opposition	opposition	NOUN
edu-4685	71	12	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	71	13	see	see	VERB
edu-4685	71	14	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	71	15	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	71	16	example	example	NOUN
edu-4685	71	17	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	71	18	sakuma	sakuma	PROPN
edu-4685	71	19	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	71	20	2007	2007	NUM
edu-4685	71	21	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	71	22	;	;	PUNCT
edu-4685	71	23	imazu	imazu	NOUN
edu-4685	71	24	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	71	25	2009	2009	NUM
edu-4685	71	26	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	71	27	;	;	PUNCT
edu-4685	71	28	kita	kita	PROPN
edu-4685	71	29	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	71	30	miura	miura	PROPN
edu-4685	71	31	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	71	32	2010	2010	NUM
edu-4685	71	33	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	71	34	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	71	35	hirota	hirota	PROPN
edu-4685	71	36	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	71	37	2011	2011	NUM
edu-4685	71	38	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	71	39	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	71	40	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	72	1	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	72	2	particular	particular	ADJ
edu-4685	72	3	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	72	4	the	the	DET
edu-4685	72	5	extra	extra	ADJ
edu-4685	72	6	burden	burden	NOUN
edu-4685	72	7	on	on	ADP
edu-4685	72	8	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	72	9	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	72	10	terms	term	NOUN
edu-4685	72	11	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	72	12	time	time	NOUN
edu-4685	72	13	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	72	14	they	they	PRON
edu-4685	72	15	needed	need	VERB
edu-4685	72	16	to	to	PART
edu-4685	72	17	take	take	VERB
edu-4685	72	18	the	the	DET
edu-4685	72	19	classes	class	NOUN
edu-4685	72	20	during	during	ADP
edu-4685	72	21	their	their	PRON
edu-4685	72	22	summer	summer	NOUN
edu-4685	72	23	holidays	holiday	NOUN
edu-4685	72	24	or	or	CCONJ
edu-4685	72	25	weekends	weekend	NOUN
edu-4685	72	26	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	72	27	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	72	28	money	money	NOUN
edu-4685	72	29	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	72	30	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	72	31	were	be	AUX
edu-4685	72	32	responsible	responsible	ADJ
edu-4685	72	33	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	72	34	the	the	DET
edu-4685	72	35	costs	cost	NOUN
edu-4685	72	36	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	72	37	the	the	DET
edu-4685	72	38	classes	class	NOUN
edu-4685	72	39	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	72	40	roughly	roughly	ADV
edu-4685	72	41	30,000	30,000	NUM
edu-4685	72	42	yen	yen	NOUN
edu-4685	72	43	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	72	44	were	be	AUX
edu-4685	72	45	cited	cite	VERB
edu-4685	72	46	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	73	1	anecdotal	anecdotal	ADJ
edu-4685	73	2	evidence	evidence	NOUN
edu-4685	73	3	obtained	obtain	VERB
edu-4685	73	4	over	over	ADP
edu-4685	73	5	a	a	DET
edu-4685	73	6	decade	decade	NOUN
edu-4685	73	7	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	73	8	the	the	DET
edu-4685	73	9	many	many	ADJ
edu-4685	73	10	classes	class	NOUN
edu-4685	73	11	conducted	conduct	VERB
edu-4685	73	12	by	by	ADP
edu-4685	73	13	the	the	DET
edu-4685	73	14	author	author	NOUN
edu-4685	73	15	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	73	16	fully	fully	ADV
edu-4685	73	17	supports	support	VERB
edu-4685	73	18	these	these	DET
edu-4685	73	19	points	point	NOUN
edu-4685	73	20	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	74	1	although	although	SCONJ
edu-4685	74	2	many	many	ADJ
edu-4685	74	3	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	74	4	reported	report	VERB
edu-4685	74	5	satisfaction	satisfaction	NOUN
edu-4685	74	6	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	74	7	regards	regard	NOUN
edu-4685	74	8	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	74	9	the	the	DET
edu-4685	74	10	opportunity	opportunity	NOUN
edu-4685	74	11	to	to	PART
edu-4685	74	12	‘	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	74	13	return	return	VERB
edu-4685	74	14	’	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	74	15	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	74	16	university	university	NOUN
edu-4685	74	17	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	74	18	‘	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	74	19	feel	feel	VERB
edu-4685	74	20	like	like	ADP
edu-4685	74	21	a	a	DET
edu-4685	74	22	student	student	NOUN
edu-4685	74	23	again	again	ADV
edu-4685	74	24	’	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	74	25	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	74	26	as	as	ADV
edu-4685	74	27	well	well	ADV
edu-4685	74	28	as	as	ADP
edu-4685	74	29	upskill	upskill	NOUN
edu-4685	74	30	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	74	31	the	the	DET
edu-4685	74	32	fact	fact	NOUN
edu-4685	74	33	that	that	SCONJ
edu-4685	74	34	they	they	PRON
edu-4685	74	35	had	have	AUX
edu-4685	74	36	to	to	PART
edu-4685	74	37	use	use	VERB
edu-4685	74	38	their	their	PRON
edu-4685	74	39	precious	precious	ADJ
edu-4685	74	40	holiday	holiday	NOUN
edu-4685	74	41	time	time	NOUN
edu-4685	74	42	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	74	43	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	74	44	money	money	NOUN
edu-4685	74	45	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	74	46	to	to	PART
edu-4685	74	47	do	do	VERB
edu-4685	74	48	so	so	ADV
edu-4685	74	49	were	be	AUX
edu-4685	74	50	overwhelmingly	overwhelmingly	ADV
edu-4685	74	51	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	74	52	repeatedly	repeatedly	ADV
edu-4685	74	53	reported	report	VERB
edu-4685	74	54	complaints	complaint	NOUN
edu-4685	74	55	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	75	1	other	other	ADJ
edu-4685	75	2	systemic	systemic	ADJ
edu-4685	75	3	problems	problem	NOUN
edu-4685	75	4	soon	soon	ADV
edu-4685	75	5	emerged	emerge	VERB
edu-4685	75	6	as	as	ADV
edu-4685	75	7	well	well	ADV
edu-4685	75	8	such	such	ADJ
edu-4685	75	9	as	as	ADP
edu-4685	75	10	the	the	DET
edu-4685	75	11	initial	initial	ADJ
edu-4685	75	12	reluctance	reluctance	NOUN
edu-4685	75	13	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	75	14	universities	university	NOUN
edu-4685	75	15	to	to	PART
edu-4685	75	16	get	get	AUX
edu-4685	75	17	involved	involve	VERB
edu-4685	75	18	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	75	19	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	75	20	the	the	DET
edu-4685	75	21	number	number	NOUN
edu-4685	75	22	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	75	23	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	75	24	who	who	PRON
edu-4685	75	25	merely	merely	ADV
edu-4685	75	26	forgot	forget	VERB
edu-4685	75	27	to	to	PART
edu-4685	75	28	enroll	enroll	VERB
edu-4685	75	29	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	75	30	courses	course	NOUN
edu-4685	75	31	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	76	1	further	far	ADV
edu-4685	76	2	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	76	3	there	there	PRON
edu-4685	76	4	was	be	VERB
edu-4685	76	5	also	also	ADV
edu-4685	76	6	a	a	DET
edu-4685	76	7	sizeable	sizeable	ADJ
edu-4685	76	8	number	number	NOUN
edu-4685	76	9	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	76	10	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	76	11	who	who	PRON
edu-4685	76	12	refused	refuse	VERB
edu-4685	76	13	to	to	PART
edu-4685	76	14	take	take	VERB
edu-4685	76	15	the	the	DET
edu-4685	76	16	courses	course	NOUN
edu-4685	76	17	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	77	1	mext	mext	PROPN
edu-4685	77	2	reported	report	VERB
edu-4685	77	3	that	that	SCONJ
edu-4685	77	4	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	77	5	november	november	PROPN
edu-4685	77	6	2010	2010	NUM
edu-4685	77	7	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	77	8	that	that	SCONJ
edu-4685	77	9	a	a	DET
edu-4685	77	10	total	total	NOUN
edu-4685	77	11	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	77	12	5100	5100	NUM
edu-4685	77	13	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	77	14	had	have	AUX
edu-4685	77	15	failed	fail	VERB
edu-4685	77	16	to	to	PART
edu-4685	77	17	undertake	undertake	VERB
edu-4685	77	18	their	their	PRON
edu-4685	77	19	required	require	VERB
edu-4685	77	20	training	training	NOUN
edu-4685	77	21	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	78	1	it	it	PRON
edu-4685	78	2	threatened	threaten	VERB
edu-4685	78	3	those	those	PRON
edu-4685	78	4	who	who	PRON
edu-4685	78	5	continued	continue	VERB
edu-4685	78	6	to	to	PART
edu-4685	78	7	resist	resist	VERB
edu-4685	78	8	that	that	SCONJ
edu-4685	78	9	they	they	PRON
edu-4685	78	10	would	would	AUX
edu-4685	78	11	lose	lose	VERB
edu-4685	78	12	their	their	PRON
edu-4685	78	13	accreditation	accreditation	NOUN
edu-4685	78	14	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	78	15	no	no	ADV
edu-4685	78	16	longer	long	ADV
edu-4685	78	17	be	be	AUX
edu-4685	78	18	able	able	ADJ
edu-4685	78	19	to	to	PART
edu-4685	78	20	teach	teach	VERB
edu-4685	78	21	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	78	22	japanese	japanese	ADJ
edu-4685	78	23	schools	school	NOUN
edu-4685	78	24	after	after	ADP
edu-4685	78	25	april	april	PROPN
edu-4685	78	26	1	1	NUM
edu-4685	78	27	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	78	28	2011	2011	NUM
edu-4685	78	29	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	78	30	wada	wada	PROPN
edu-4685	78	31	&	&	CCONJ
edu-4685	78	32	burnett	burnett	PROPN
edu-4685	78	33	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	78	34	2011	2011	NUM
edu-4685	78	35	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	78	36	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	79	1	several	several	ADJ
edu-4685	79	2	critics	critic	NOUN
edu-4685	79	3	went	go	VERB
edu-4685	79	4	further	far	ADV
edu-4685	79	5	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	79	6	penned	pen	VERB
edu-4685	79	7	proposals	proposal	NOUN
edu-4685	79	8	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	79	9	how	how	SCONJ
edu-4685	79	10	to	to	PART
edu-4685	79	11	alter	alter	VERB
edu-4685	79	12	or	or	CCONJ
edu-4685	79	13	improve	improve	VERB
edu-4685	79	14	the	the	DET
edu-4685	79	15	newly	newly	ADV
edu-4685	79	16	introduced	introduce	VERB
edu-4685	79	17	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	79	18	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	80	1	kita	kita	PROPN
edu-4685	80	2	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	80	3	miura	miura	PROPN
edu-4685	80	4	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	80	5	2010	2010	NUM
edu-4685	80	6	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	80	7	concluded	conclude	VERB
edu-4685	80	8	that	that	SCONJ
edu-4685	80	9	a	a	DET
edu-4685	80	10	better	well	ADJ
edu-4685	80	11	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	80	12	would	would	AUX
edu-4685	80	13	be	be	AUX
edu-4685	80	14	one	one	NUM
edu-4685	80	15	that	that	PRON
edu-4685	80	16	provided	provide	VERB
edu-4685	80	17	greater	great	ADJ
edu-4685	80	18	teacher	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	80	19	support	support	NOUN
edu-4685	80	20	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	80	21	like	like	ADP
edu-4685	80	22	that	that	PRON
edu-4685	80	23	seen	see	VERB
edu-4685	80	24	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	80	25	finland	finland	PROPN
edu-4685	80	26	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	80	27	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	80	28	could	could	AUX
edu-4685	80	29	be	be	AUX
edu-4685	80	30	undertaken	undertake	VERB
edu-4685	80	31	within	within	ADP
edu-4685	80	32	teacher	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	80	33	’s	’s	PART
edu-4685	80	34	own	own	ADJ
edu-4685	80	35	schools	school	NOUN
edu-4685	80	36	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	80	37	allowed	allow	VERB
edu-4685	80	38	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	80	39	a	a	DET
edu-4685	80	40	degree	degree	NOUN
edu-4685	80	41	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	80	42	professional	professional	ADJ
edu-4685	80	43	discretion	discretion	NOUN
edu-4685	80	44	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	80	45	improved	improve	VERB
edu-4685	80	46	the	the	DET
edu-4685	80	47	status	status	NOUN
edu-4685	80	48	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	80	49	conditions	condition	NOUN
edu-4685	80	50	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	80	51	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	80	52	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	80	53	increased	increase	VERB
edu-4685	80	54	the	the	DET
edu-4685	80	55	total	total	ADJ
edu-4685	80	56	number	number	NOUN
edu-4685	80	57	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	80	58	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	80	59	within	within	ADP
edu-4685	80	60	each	each	DET
edu-4685	80	61	school	school	NOUN
edu-4685	80	62	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	80	63	quoted	quote	VERB
edu-4685	80	64	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	80	65	wada	wada	PROPN
edu-4685	80	66	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	80	67	burnett	burnett	PROPN
edu-4685	80	68	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	80	69	2011	2011	NUM
edu-4685	80	70	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	80	71	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	80	72	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	81	1	similarly	similarly	ADV
edu-4685	81	2	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	81	3	nakayama	nakayama	PROPN
edu-4685	81	4	et	et	PROPN
edu-4685	81	5	al	al	PROPN
edu-4685	81	6	.	.	PROPN
edu-4685	82	1	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	82	2	2010	2010	NUM
edu-4685	82	3	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	82	4	argue	argue	PROPN
edu-4685	82	5	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	82	6	based	base	VERB
edu-4685	82	7	on	on	ADP
edu-4685	82	8	questionnaire	questionnaire	NOUN
edu-4685	82	9	feedback	feedback	NOUN
edu-4685	82	10	from	from	ADP
edu-4685	82	11	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	82	12	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	82	13	that	that	SCONJ
edu-4685	82	14	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	82	15	should	should	AUX
edu-4685	82	16	participate	participate	VERB
edu-4685	82	17	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	82	18	committees	committee	NOUN
edu-4685	82	19	responsible	responsible	ADJ
edu-4685	82	20	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	82	21	designing	design	VERB
edu-4685	82	22	teacher	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	82	23	certification	certification	NOUN
edu-4685	82	24	renewal	renewal	NOUN
edu-4685	82	25	courses	course	NOUN
edu-4685	82	26	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	82	27	that	that	SCONJ
edu-4685	82	28	these	these	DET
edu-4685	82	29	courses	course	NOUN
edu-4685	82	30	should	should	AUX
edu-4685	82	31	combine	combine	VERB
edu-4685	82	32	theory	theory	NOUN
edu-4685	82	33	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	82	34	practice	practice	NOUN
edu-4685	82	35	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	82	36	incorporate	incorporate	VERB
edu-4685	82	37	demonstration	demonstration	NOUN
edu-4685	82	38	lessons	lesson	NOUN
edu-4685	82	39	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	82	40	class	class	NOUN
edu-4685	82	41	observations	observation	NOUN
edu-4685	82	42	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	83	1	further	far	ADV
edu-4685	83	2	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	83	3	these	these	PRON
edu-4685	83	4	should	should	AUX
edu-4685	83	5	not	not	PART
edu-4685	83	6	be	be	AUX
edu-4685	83	7	one	one	NUM
edu-4685	83	8	-	-	PUNCT
edu-4685	83	9	off	off	NOUN
edu-4685	83	10	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	83	11	but	but	CCONJ
edu-4685	83	12	part	part	NOUN
edu-4685	83	13	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	83	14	a	a	DET
edu-4685	83	15	nurtured	nurture	VERB
edu-4685	83	16	work	work	NOUN
edu-4685	83	17	environment	environment	NOUN
edu-4685	83	18	“	"	PUNCT
edu-4685	83	19	where	where	SCONJ
edu-4685	83	20	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	83	21	continue	continue	VERB
edu-4685	83	22	their	their	PRON
edu-4685	83	23	professional	professional	ADJ
edu-4685	83	24	training	training	NOUN
edu-4685	83	25	on	on	ADP
edu-4685	83	26	a	a	DET
edu-4685	83	27	daily	daily	ADJ
edu-4685	83	28	basis	basis	NOUN
edu-4685	83	29	”	"	PUNCT
edu-4685	83	30	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	83	31	p.	p.	NOUN
edu-4685	83	32	35	35	NUM
edu-4685	83	33	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	83	34	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	84	1	yamada	yamada	PROPN
edu-4685	84	2	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	84	3	2021	2021	NUM
edu-4685	84	4	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	84	5	also	also	ADV
edu-4685	84	6	conducted	conduct	VERB
edu-4685	84	7	surveys	survey	NOUN
edu-4685	84	8	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	84	9	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	84	10	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	84	11	reported	report	VERB
edu-4685	84	12	that	that	SCONJ
edu-4685	84	13	they	they	PRON
edu-4685	84	14	thought	think	VERB
edu-4685	84	15	the	the	DET
edu-4685	84	16	training	training	NOUN
edu-4685	84	17	already	already	ADV
edu-4685	84	18	offered	offer	VERB
edu-4685	84	19	by	by	ADP
edu-4685	84	20	their	their	PRON
edu-4685	84	21	educational	educational	ADJ
edu-4685	84	22	boards	board	NOUN
edu-4685	84	23	was	be	AUX
edu-4685	84	24	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ
edu-4685	84	25	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	84	26	they	they	PRON
edu-4685	84	27	saw	see	VERB
edu-4685	84	28	no	no	DET
edu-4685	84	29	need	need	NOUN
edu-4685	84	30	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	84	31	a	a	DET
edu-4685	84	32	new	new	ADJ
edu-4685	84	33	course	course	NOUN
edu-4685	84	34	to	to	PART
edu-4685	84	35	replace	replace	VERB
edu-4685	84	36	the	the	DET
edu-4685	84	37	teacher	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	84	38	license	license	NOUN
edu-4685	84	39	renewal	renewal	NOUN
edu-4685	84	40	course	course	NOUN
edu-4685	84	41	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	85	1	despite	despite	SCONJ
edu-4685	85	2	this	this	DET
edu-4685	85	3	healthy	healthy	ADJ
edu-4685	85	4	debate	debate	NOUN
edu-4685	85	5	from	from	ADP
edu-4685	85	6	within	within	ADP
edu-4685	85	7	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	85	8	outside	outside	ADP
edu-4685	85	9	japan	japan	PROPN
edu-4685	85	10	’s	’s	PART
edu-4685	85	11	educational	educational	ADJ
edu-4685	85	12	fraternity	fraternity	NOUN
edu-4685	85	13	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	85	14	mext	mext	NOUN
edu-4685	85	15	made	make	VERB
edu-4685	85	16	little	little	ADJ
edu-4685	85	17	changes	change	NOUN
edu-4685	85	18	throughout	throughout	ADP
edu-4685	85	19	the	the	DET
edu-4685	85	20	short	short	ADJ
edu-4685	85	21	life	life	NOUN
edu-4685	85	22	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	85	23	the	the	DET
edu-4685	85	24	tlr	tlr	PROPN
edu-4685	85	25	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	85	26	but	but	CCONJ
edu-4685	85	27	left	leave	VERB
edu-4685	85	28	the	the	DET
edu-4685	85	29	possibility	possibility	NOUN
edu-4685	85	30	alive	alive	ADJ
edu-4685	85	31	that	that	SCONJ
edu-4685	85	32	something	something	PRON
edu-4685	85	33	else	else	ADV
edu-4685	85	34	could	could	AUX
edu-4685	85	35	replace	replace	VERB
edu-4685	85	36	it	it	PRON
edu-4685	85	37	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	85	38	the	the	DET
edu-4685	85	39	future	future	NOUN
edu-4685	85	40	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	86	1	at	at	ADP
edu-4685	86	2	the	the	DET
edu-4685	86	3	time	time	NOUN
edu-4685	86	4	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	86	5	writing	writing	NOUN
edu-4685	86	6	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	86	7	no	no	DET
edu-4685	86	8	concrete	concrete	ADJ
edu-4685	86	9	proposals	proposal	NOUN
edu-4685	86	10	have	have	AUX
edu-4685	86	11	been	be	AUX
edu-4685	86	12	announced	announce	VERB
edu-4685	86	13	but	but	CCONJ
edu-4685	86	14	media	medium	NOUN
edu-4685	86	15	outlets	outlet	NOUN
edu-4685	86	16	have	have	AUX
edu-4685	86	17	mentioned	mention	VERB
edu-4685	86	18	a	a	DET
edu-4685	86	19	replacement	replacement	NOUN
edu-4685	86	20	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	86	21	could	could	AUX
edu-4685	86	22	start	start	VERB
edu-4685	86	23	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	86	24	2023	2023	NUM
edu-4685	86	25	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	86	26	mainichi	mainichi	PROPN
edu-4685	86	27	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	86	28	2022	2022	NUM
edu-4685	86	29	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	86	30	which	which	PRON
edu-4685	86	31	may	may	AUX
edu-4685	86	32	include	include	VERB
edu-4685	86	33	a	a	DET
edu-4685	86	34	considerably	considerably	ADV
edu-4685	86	35	greater	great	ADJ
edu-4685	86	36	amount	amount	NOUN
edu-4685	86	37	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	86	38	freedom	freedom	NOUN
edu-4685	86	39	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	87	1	4	4	X
edu-4685	87	2	.	.	X
edu-4685	87	3	yutori	yutori	PROPN
edu-4685	87	4	kyōiku	kyōiku	PROPN
edu-4685	87	5	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	87	6	déjà	déjà	ADJ
edu-4685	87	7	vu	vu	X
edu-4685	87	8	the	the	DET
edu-4685	87	9	yutori	yutori	PROPN
edu-4685	87	10	kyōiku	kyōiku	PROPN
edu-4685	87	11	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	87	12	or	or	CCONJ
edu-4685	87	13	“	"	PUNCT
edu-4685	87	14	pressure	pressure	NOUN
edu-4685	87	15	-	-	PUNCT
edu-4685	87	16	free	free	ADJ
edu-4685	87	17	education	education	NOUN
edu-4685	87	18	”	"	PUNCT
edu-4685	87	19	experiment	experiment	NOUN
edu-4685	87	20	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	87	21	emerged	emerge	VERB
edu-4685	87	22	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	87	23	response	response	NOUN
edu-4685	87	24	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	87	25	growing	grow	VERB
edu-4685	87	26	public	public	ADJ
edu-4685	87	27	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	87	28	official	official	ADJ
edu-4685	87	29	concern	concern	NOUN
edu-4685	87	30	that	that	SCONJ
edu-4685	87	31	japanese	japanese	ADJ
edu-4685	87	32	school	school	NOUN
edu-4685	87	33	children	child	NOUN
edu-4685	87	34	were	be	AUX
edu-4685	87	35	under	under	ADP
edu-4685	87	36	inordinate	inordinate	ADJ
edu-4685	87	37	academic	academic	ADJ
edu-4685	87	38	pressures	pressure	NOUN
edu-4685	87	39	which	which	PRON
edu-4685	87	40	were	be	AUX
edu-4685	87	41	having	have	VERB
edu-4685	87	42	a	a	DET
edu-4685	87	43	detrimental	detrimental	ADJ
edu-4685	87	44	impact	impact	NOUN
edu-4685	87	45	on	on	ADP
edu-4685	87	46	their	their	PRON
edu-4685	87	47	overall	overall	ADJ
edu-4685	87	48	wellbeing	wellbee	VERB
edu-4685	87	49	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	87	50	increasing	increase	VERB
edu-4685	87	51	lack	lack	NOUN
edu-4685	87	52	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	87	53	interest	interest	NOUN
edu-4685	87	54	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	87	55	learning	learn	VERB
edu-4685	87	56	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	87	57	kariya	kariya	PROPN
edu-4685	87	58	&	&	CCONJ
edu-4685	87	59	rappleye	rappleye	PROPN
edu-4685	87	60	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	87	61	2010	2010	NUM
edu-4685	87	62	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	87	63	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	88	1	the	the	DET
edu-4685	88	2	premise	premise	NOUN
edu-4685	88	3	was	be	AUX
edu-4685	88	4	that	that	SCONJ
edu-4685	88	5	by	by	ADP
edu-4685	88	6	reducing	reduce	VERB
edu-4685	88	7	the	the	DET
edu-4685	88	8	hours	hour	NOUN
edu-4685	88	9	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	88	10	study	study	NOUN
edu-4685	88	11	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	88	12	content	content	NOUN
edu-4685	88	13	taught	teach	VERB
edu-4685	88	14	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	88	15	not	not	PART
edu-4685	88	16	only	only	ADV
edu-4685	88	17	would	would	AUX
edu-4685	88	18	students	student	NOUN
edu-4685	88	19	have	have	VERB
edu-4685	88	20	less	less	ADJ
edu-4685	88	21	stress	stress	NOUN
edu-4685	88	22	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	88	23	they	they	PRON
edu-4685	88	24	could	could	AUX
edu-4685	88	25	also	also	ADV
edu-4685	88	26	be	be	AUX
edu-4685	88	27	afforded	afford	VERB
edu-4685	88	28	more	more	ADJ
edu-4685	88	29	freedom	freedom	NOUN
edu-4685	88	30	therefore	therefore	ADV
edu-4685	88	31	encouraging	encourage	VERB
edu-4685	88	32	independent	independent	ADJ
edu-4685	88	33	thinking	thinking	NOUN
edu-4685	88	34	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	88	35	something	something	PRON
edu-4685	88	36	else	else	ADV
edu-4685	88	37	deemed	deem	VERB
edu-4685	88	38	deficient	deficient	ADJ
edu-4685	88	39	as	as	ADP
edu-4685	88	40	a	a	DET
edu-4685	88	41	result	result	NOUN
edu-4685	88	42	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	88	43	a	a	DET
edu-4685	88	44	prevalence	prevalence	NOUN
edu-4685	88	45	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	88	46	cram	cram	NOUN
edu-4685	88	47	-	-	PUNCT
edu-4685	88	48	style	style	NOUN
edu-4685	88	49	teaching	teaching	NOUN
edu-4685	88	50	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	88	51	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	89	1	further	far	ADV
edu-4685	89	2	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	89	3	it	it	PRON
edu-4685	89	4	was	be	AUX
edu-4685	89	5	envisaged	envisage	VERB
edu-4685	89	6	that	that	SCONJ
edu-4685	89	7	freeing	free	VERB
edu-4685	89	8	up	up	ADP
edu-4685	89	9	space	space	NOUN
edu-4685	89	10	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	89	11	the	the	DET
edu-4685	89	12	school	school	NOUN
edu-4685	89	13	day	day	NOUN
edu-4685	89	14	would	would	AUX
edu-4685	89	15	lead	lead	VERB
edu-4685	89	16	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	89	17	more	more	ADV
edu-4685	89	18	free	free	ADJ
edu-4685	89	19	time	time	NOUN
edu-4685	89	20	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	89	21	extracurricular	extracurricular	ADJ
edu-4685	89	22	activities	activity	NOUN
edu-4685	89	23	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	89	24	allowed	allow	VERB
edu-4685	89	25	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	89	26	the	the	DET
edu-4685	89	27	creation	creation	NOUN
edu-4685	89	28	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	89	29	‘	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	89	30	integrated	integrated	ADJ
edu-4685	89	31	studies	study	NOUN
edu-4685	89	32	’	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	89	33	class	class	NOUN
edu-4685	89	34	time	time	NOUN
edu-4685	89	35	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	90	1	although	although	SCONJ
edu-4685	90	2	not	not	PART
edu-4685	90	3	precisely	precisely	ADV
edu-4685	90	4	defined	define	VERB
edu-4685	90	5	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	90	6	it	it	PRON
edu-4685	90	7	is	be	AUX
edu-4685	90	8	generally	generally	ADV
edu-4685	90	9	assumed	assume	VERB
edu-4685	90	10	that	that	SCONJ
edu-4685	90	11	yutori	yutori	PROPN
edu-4685	90	12	kyōiku	kyōiku	PROPN
edu-4685	90	13	refers	refer	VERB
edu-4685	90	14	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	90	15	the	the	DET
edu-4685	90	16	years	year	NOUN
edu-4685	90	17	2002	2002	NUM
edu-4685	90	18	-	-	SYM
edu-4685	90	19	2011	2011	NUM
edu-4685	90	20	when	when	SCONJ
edu-4685	90	21	during	during	ADP
edu-4685	90	22	which	which	DET
edu-4685	90	23	time	time	NOUN
edu-4685	90	24	the	the	DET
edu-4685	90	25	course	course	NOUN
edu-4685	90	26	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	90	27	study	study	NOUN
edu-4685	90	28	content	content	NOUN
edu-4685	90	29	was	be	AUX
edu-4685	90	30	changed	change	VERB
edu-4685	90	31	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	91	1	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	91	2	many	many	ADJ
edu-4685	91	3	ways	way	NOUN
edu-4685	91	4	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	91	5	the	the	DET
edu-4685	91	6	demise	demise	NOUN
edu-4685	91	7	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	91	8	the	the	DET
edu-4685	91	9	teacher	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	91	10	license	license	NOUN
edu-4685	91	11	program	program	NOUN
edu-4685	91	12	is	be	AUX
edu-4685	91	13	reminiscent	reminiscent	ADJ
edu-4685	91	14	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	91	15	the	the	DET
edu-4685	91	16	abolition	abolition	NOUN
edu-4685	91	17	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	91	18	yutori	yutori	PROPN
edu-4685	91	19	kyōiku	kyōiku	PROPN
edu-4685	91	20	which	which	PRON
edu-4685	91	21	abruptly	abruptly	ADV
edu-4685	91	22	disappeared	disappear	VERB
edu-4685	91	23	with	with	ADP
edu-4685	91	24	little	little	ADJ
edu-4685	91	25	fanfare	fanfare	NOUN
edu-4685	91	26	as	as	SCONJ
edu-4685	91	27	most	most	ADJ
edu-4685	91	28	commentators	commentator	NOUN
edu-4685	91	29	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	91	30	experts	expert	NOUN
edu-4685	91	31	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	91	32	the	the	DET
edu-4685	91	33	public	public	NOUN
edu-4685	91	34	assumed	assume	VERB
edu-4685	91	35	that	that	SCONJ
edu-4685	91	36	a	a	DET
edu-4685	91	37	return	return	NOUN
edu-4685	91	38	to	to	AUX
edu-4685	91	39	tried	tried	ADJ
edu-4685	91	40	traditional	traditional	ADJ
edu-4685	91	41	ways	way	NOUN
edu-4685	91	42	was	be	AUX
edu-4685	91	43	required	require	VERB
edu-4685	91	44	to	to	PART
edu-4685	91	45	ameliorate	ameliorate	VERB
edu-4685	91	46	japan	japan	PROPN
edu-4685	91	47	’s	’s	PART
edu-4685	91	48	perceived	perceive	VERB
edu-4685	91	49	educational	educational	ADJ
edu-4685	91	50	malaise	malaise	NOUN
edu-4685	91	51	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	92	1	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	92	2	fact	fact	NOUN
edu-4685	92	3	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	92	4	the	the	DET
edu-4685	92	5	two	two	NUM
edu-4685	92	6	different	different	ADJ
edu-4685	92	7	issues	issue	NOUN
edu-4685	92	8	actually	actually	ADV
edu-4685	92	9	reveal	reveal	VERB
edu-4685	92	10	a	a	DET
edu-4685	92	11	number	number	NOUN
edu-4685	92	12	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	92	13	striking	striking	ADJ
edu-4685	92	14	similarities	similarity	NOUN
edu-4685	92	15	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	93	1	the	the	DET
edu-4685	93	2	teacher	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	93	3	renewal	renewal	NOUN
edu-4685	93	4	program	program	NOUN
edu-4685	93	5	was	be	AUX
edu-4685	93	6	also	also	ADV
edu-4685	93	7	swiftly	swiftly	ADV
edu-4685	93	8	repealed	repeal	VERB
edu-4685	93	9	as	as	ADP
edu-4685	93	10	it	it	PRON
edu-4685	93	11	too	too	ADV
edu-4685	93	12	–	–	PUNCT
edu-4685	93	13	apparently	apparently	ADV
edu-4685	93	14	–	–	PUNCT
edu-4685	93	15	has	have	AUX
edu-4685	93	16	failed	fail	VERB
edu-4685	93	17	to	to	PART
edu-4685	93	18	effect	effect	VERB
edu-4685	93	19	significant	significant	ADJ
edu-4685	93	20	change	change	NOUN
edu-4685	93	21	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	93	22	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	93	23	has	have	AUX
edu-4685	93	24	been	be	AUX
edu-4685	93	25	met	meet	VERB
edu-4685	93	26	with	with	ADP
edu-4685	93	27	considerable	considerable	ADJ
edu-4685	93	28	negativity	negativity	NOUN
edu-4685	93	29	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	93	30	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	94	1	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	94	2	while	while	SCONJ
edu-4685	94	3	both	both	DET
edu-4685	94	4	cases	case	NOUN
edu-4685	94	5	are	be	AUX
edu-4685	94	6	different	different	ADJ
edu-4685	94	7	–	–	PUNCT
edu-4685	94	8	one	one	NUM
edu-4685	94	9	applying	apply	VERB
edu-4685	94	10	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	94	11	students	student	NOUN
edu-4685	94	12	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	94	13	the	the	DET
edu-4685	94	14	other	other	ADJ
edu-4685	94	15	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	94	16	–	–	PUNCT
edu-4685	94	17	there	there	PRON
edu-4685	94	18	is	be	VERB
edu-4685	94	19	a	a	DET
edu-4685	94	20	clear	clear	ADJ
edu-4685	94	21	link	link	NOUN
edu-4685	94	22	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	94	23	terms	term	NOUN
edu-4685	94	24	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	94	25	a	a	DET
edu-4685	94	26	lack	lack	NOUN
edu-4685	94	27	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	94	28	examination	examination	NOUN
edu-4685	94	29	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	94	30	reflection	reflection	NOUN
edu-4685	94	31	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	95	1	also	also	ADV
edu-4685	95	2	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	95	3	both	both	PRON
edu-4685	95	4	failed	fail	VERB
edu-4685	95	5	because	because	SCONJ
edu-4685	95	6	they	they	PRON
edu-4685	95	7	missed	miss	VERB
edu-4685	95	8	one	one	NUM
edu-4685	95	9	crucial	crucial	ADJ
edu-4685	95	10	point	point	NOUN
edu-4685	95	11	;	;	PUNCT
edu-4685	95	12	today	today	NOUN
edu-4685	95	13	’s	’s	PART
edu-4685	95	14	world	world	NOUN
edu-4685	95	15	requires	require	VERB
edu-4685	95	16	new	new	ADJ
edu-4685	95	17	skills	skill	NOUN
edu-4685	95	18	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	95	19	both	both	DET
edu-4685	95	20	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	95	21	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	95	22	students	student	NOUN
edu-4685	95	23	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	95	24	yet	yet	CCONJ
edu-4685	95	25	neither	neither	PRON
edu-4685	95	26	are	be	AUX
edu-4685	95	27	being	be	AUX
edu-4685	95	28	fully	fully	ADV
edu-4685	95	29	prepared	prepare	VERB
edu-4685	95	30	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	96	1	nakai	nakai	PROPN
edu-4685	96	2	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	96	3	2012	2012	NUM
edu-4685	96	4	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	96	5	outlines	outline	VERB
edu-4685	96	6	three	three	NUM
edu-4685	96	7	factors	factor	NOUN
edu-4685	96	8	which	which	PRON
edu-4685	96	9	proved	prove	VERB
edu-4685	96	10	particularly	particularly	ADV
edu-4685	96	11	detrimental	detrimental	ADJ
edu-4685	96	12	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	96	13	yutori	yutori	PROPN
edu-4685	96	14	kyōiku	kyōiku	PROPN
edu-4685	96	15	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	96	16	all	all	PRON
edu-4685	96	17	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	96	18	which	which	PRON
edu-4685	96	19	have	have	VERB
edu-4685	96	20	a	a	DET
edu-4685	96	21	ring	ring	NOUN
edu-4685	96	22	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	96	23	familiarity	familiarity	NOUN
edu-4685	96	24	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	96	25	them	they	PRON
edu-4685	96	26	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	97	1	first	first	ADV
edu-4685	97	2	there	there	PRON
edu-4685	97	3	was	be	VERB
edu-4685	97	4	a	a	DET
edu-4685	97	5	failure	failure	NOUN
edu-4685	97	6	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	97	7	adequately	adequately	ADV
edu-4685	97	8	identity	identity	NOUN
edu-4685	97	9	exactly	exactly	ADV
edu-4685	97	10	which	which	DET
edu-4685	97	11	academic	academic	ADJ
edu-4685	97	12	skills	skill	NOUN
edu-4685	97	13	japanese	japanese	ADJ
edu-4685	97	14	students	student	NOUN
edu-4685	97	15	were	be	AUX
edu-4685	97	16	supposedly	supposedly	ADV
edu-4685	97	17	lacking	lack	VERB
edu-4685	97	18	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	97	19	order	order	NOUN
edu-4685	97	20	to	to	PART
edu-4685	97	21	‘	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	97	22	make	make	VERB
edu-4685	97	23	it	it	PRON
edu-4685	97	24	’	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	97	25	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	97	26	the	the	DET
edu-4685	97	27	world	world	NOUN
edu-4685	97	28	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	98	1	second	second	ADJ
edu-4685	98	2	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	98	3	requisite	requisite	ADJ
edu-4685	98	4	academic	academic	ADJ
edu-4685	98	5	skills	skill	NOUN
edu-4685	98	6	needed	need	VERB
edu-4685	98	7	to	to	PART
edu-4685	98	8	be	be	AUX
edu-4685	98	9	translated	translate	VERB
edu-4685	98	10	into	into	ADP
edu-4685	98	11	actual	actual	ADJ
edu-4685	98	12	ability	ability	NOUN
edu-4685	98	13	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	98	14	but	but	CCONJ
edu-4685	98	15	this	this	DET
edu-4685	98	16	point	point	NOUN
edu-4685	98	17	was	be	AUX
edu-4685	98	18	seemingly	seemingly	ADV
edu-4685	98	19	overlooked	overlook	VERB
edu-4685	98	20	by	by	ADP
edu-4685	98	21	those	those	PRON
edu-4685	98	22	concerned	concern	VERB
edu-4685	98	23	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	99	1	what	what	PRON
edu-4685	99	2	is	be	AUX
edu-4685	99	3	more	more	ADJ
edu-4685	99	4	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	99	5	the	the	DET
edu-4685	99	6	new	new	ADJ
edu-4685	99	7	skills	skill	NOUN
edu-4685	99	8	required	require	VERB
edu-4685	99	9	changes	change	NOUN
edu-4685	99	10	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	99	11	ways	way	NOUN
edu-4685	99	12	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	99	13	thinking	thinking	NOUN
edu-4685	99	14	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	99	15	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	99	16	indeed	indeed	ADV
edu-4685	99	17	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	99	18	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	99	19	ways	way	NOUN
edu-4685	99	20	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	99	21	life	life	NOUN
edu-4685	99	22	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	99	23	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	99	24	other	other	ADJ
edu-4685	99	25	words	word	NOUN
edu-4685	99	26	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	99	27	a	a	DET
edu-4685	99	28	full	full	ADJ
edu-4685	99	29	commitment	commitment	NOUN
edu-4685	99	30	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	100	1	thirdly	thirdly	ADV
edu-4685	100	2	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	100	3	the	the	DET
edu-4685	100	4	number	number	NOUN
edu-4685	100	5	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	100	6	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	100	7	or	or	CCONJ
edu-4685	100	8	other	other	ADJ
edu-4685	100	9	adults	adult	NOUN
edu-4685	100	10	who	who	PRON
edu-4685	100	11	could	could	AUX
edu-4685	100	12	offer	offer	VERB
edu-4685	100	13	effective	effective	ADJ
edu-4685	100	14	guidance	guidance	NOUN
edu-4685	100	15	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	100	16	the	the	DET
edu-4685	100	17	required	require	VERB
edu-4685	100	18	fields	field	NOUN
edu-4685	100	19	were	be	AUX
edu-4685	100	20	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	100	21	short	short	ADJ
edu-4685	100	22	supply	supply	NOUN
edu-4685	100	23	from	from	ADP
edu-4685	100	24	the	the	DET
edu-4685	100	25	beginning	beginning	NOUN
edu-4685	100	26	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	101	1	put	put	VERB
edu-4685	101	2	simply	simply	ADV
edu-4685	101	3	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	101	4	the	the	DET
edu-4685	101	5	blame	blame	NOUN
edu-4685	101	6	was	be	AUX
edu-4685	101	7	being	be	AUX
edu-4685	101	8	placed	place	VERB
edu-4685	101	9	on	on	ADP
edu-4685	101	10	students	student	NOUN
edu-4685	101	11	when	when	SCONJ
edu-4685	101	12	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	101	13	fact	fact	NOUN
edu-4685	101	14	much	much	ADJ
edu-4685	101	15	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	101	16	it	it	PRON
edu-4685	101	17	actually	actually	ADV
edu-4685	101	18	rested	rest	VERB
edu-4685	101	19	with	with	ADP
edu-4685	101	20	adults	adult	NOUN
edu-4685	101	21	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	102	1	as	as	SCONJ
edu-4685	102	2	nakai	nakai	PROPN
edu-4685	102	3	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	102	4	2012	2012	NUM
edu-4685	102	5	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	102	6	summed	sum	VERB
edu-4685	102	7	up	up	ADP
edu-4685	102	8	:	:	PUNCT
edu-4685	102	9	“	"	PUNCT
edu-4685	102	10	the	the	DET
edu-4685	102	11	academic	academic	ADJ
edu-4685	102	12	ability	ability	NOUN
edu-4685	102	13	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	102	14	ways	way	NOUN
edu-4685	102	15	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	102	16	life	life	NOUN
edu-4685	102	17	that	that	PRON
edu-4685	102	18	children	child	NOUN
edu-4685	102	19	display	display	VERB
edu-4685	102	20	are	be	AUX
edu-4685	102	21	nothing	nothing	PRON
edu-4685	102	22	more	more	ADJ
edu-4685	102	23	than	than	ADP
edu-4685	102	24	reflections	reflection	NOUN
edu-4685	102	25	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	102	26	adults	adult	NOUN
edu-4685	102	27	’	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	102	28	inadequacies	inadequacy	NOUN
edu-4685	102	29	”	"	PUNCT
edu-4685	102	30	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	103	1	similarities	similarity	NOUN
edu-4685	103	2	between	between	ADP
edu-4685	103	3	these	these	DET
edu-4685	103	4	criticisms	criticism	NOUN
edu-4685	103	5	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	103	6	the	the	DET
edu-4685	103	7	demise	demise	NOUN
edu-4685	103	8	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	103	9	the	the	DET
edu-4685	103	10	tlr	tlr	PROPN
edu-4685	103	11	are	be	AUX
edu-4685	103	12	pertinent	pertinent	ADJ
edu-4685	103	13	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	104	1	like	like	INTJ
edu-4685	104	2	yutori	yutori	PROPN
edu-4685	104	3	kyōiku	kyōiku	NOUN
edu-4685	104	4	the	the	DET
edu-4685	104	5	tlr	tlr	PROPN
edu-4685	104	6	had	have	VERB
edu-4685	104	7	several	several	ADJ
edu-4685	104	8	failings	failing	NOUN
edu-4685	104	9	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	105	1	first	first	ADV
edu-4685	105	2	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	105	3	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	105	4	were	be	AUX
edu-4685	105	5	not	not	PART
edu-4685	105	6	properly	properly	ADV
edu-4685	105	7	consulted	consult	VERB
edu-4685	105	8	or	or	CCONJ
edu-4685	105	9	informed	inform	VERB
edu-4685	105	10	about	about	ADP
edu-4685	105	11	the	the	DET
edu-4685	105	12	purpose	purpose	NOUN
edu-4685	105	13	or	or	CCONJ
edu-4685	105	14	indeed	indeed	ADV
edu-4685	105	15	need	need	VERB
edu-4685	105	16	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	105	17	the	the	DET
edu-4685	105	18	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	105	19	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	106	1	second	second	ADJ
edu-4685	106	2	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	106	3	the	the	DET
edu-4685	106	4	so	so	ADV
edu-4685	106	5	-	-	PUNCT
edu-4685	106	6	called	call	VERB
edu-4685	106	7	‘	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	106	8	skills	skill	NOUN
edu-4685	106	9	’	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	106	10	that	that	PRON
edu-4685	106	11	were	be	AUX
edu-4685	106	12	expected	expect	VERB
edu-4685	106	13	to	to	PART
edu-4685	106	14	be	be	AUX
edu-4685	106	15	raised	raise	VERB
edu-4685	106	16	through	through	ADP
edu-4685	106	17	courses	course	NOUN
edu-4685	106	18	at	at	ADP
edu-4685	106	19	universities	university	NOUN
edu-4685	106	20	were	be	AUX
edu-4685	106	21	difficult	difficult	ADJ
edu-4685	106	22	to	to	PART
edu-4685	106	23	foster	foster	VERB
edu-4685	106	24	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	106	25	a	a	DET
edu-4685	106	26	passive	passive	ADJ
edu-4685	106	27	learning	learning	NOUN
edu-4685	106	28	environment	environment	NOUN
edu-4685	106	29	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	107	1	related	relate	VERB
edu-4685	107	2	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	107	3	this	this	PRON
edu-4685	107	4	was	be	AUX
edu-4685	107	5	the	the	DET
edu-4685	107	6	somewhat	somewhat	ADV
edu-4685	107	7	mistaken	mistaken	ADJ
edu-4685	107	8	belief	belief	NOUN
edu-4685	107	9	that	that	SCONJ
edu-4685	107	10	university	university	NOUN
edu-4685	107	11	professors	professor	NOUN
edu-4685	107	12	had	have	AUX
edu-4685	107	13	a	a	DET
edu-4685	107	14	thorough	thorough	ADJ
edu-4685	107	15	understanding	understanding	NOUN
edu-4685	107	16	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	107	17	the	the	DET
edu-4685	107	18	needs	need	NOUN
edu-4685	107	19	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	107	20	schoolteachers	schoolteacher	NOUN
edu-4685	107	21	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	107	22	their	their	PRON
edu-4685	107	23	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
edu-4685	107	24	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	107	25	were	be	AUX
edu-4685	107	26	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	107	27	a	a	DET
edu-4685	107	28	good	good	ADJ
edu-4685	107	29	position	position	NOUN
edu-4685	107	30	to	to	PART
edu-4685	107	31	provide	provide	VERB
edu-4685	107	32	immediate	immediate	ADJ
edu-4685	107	33	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	107	34	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
edu-4685	107	35	lessons	lesson	NOUN
edu-4685	107	36	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	107	37	advice	advice	NOUN
edu-4685	107	38	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	108	1	another	another	DET
edu-4685	108	2	problem	problem	NOUN
edu-4685	108	3	related	relate	VERB
edu-4685	108	4	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	108	5	universities	university	NOUN
edu-4685	108	6	was	be	AUX
edu-4685	108	7	assessment	assessment	NOUN
edu-4685	108	8	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	109	1	asian	asian	ADJ
edu-4685	109	2	journal	journal	PROPN
edu-4685	109	3	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	109	4	education	education	NOUN
edu-4685	109	5	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	109	6	training	training	NOUN
edu-4685	109	7	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	109	8	2023	2023	NUM
edu-4685	109	9	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	109	10	9(2	9(2	NUM
edu-4685	109	11	):	):	PUNCT
edu-4685	109	12	48	48	NUM
edu-4685	109	13	-	-	SYM
edu-4685	109	14	53	53	NUM
edu-4685	109	15	51	51	NUM
edu-4685	109	16	©	©	PROPN
edu-4685	109	17	2023	2023	NUM
edu-4685	109	18	by	by	ADP
edu-4685	109	19	the	the	DET
edu-4685	109	20	author	author	NOUN
edu-4685	109	21	;	;	PUNCT
edu-4685	109	22	licensee	licensee	PROPN
edu-4685	109	23	asian	asian	ADJ
edu-4685	109	24	online	online	PROPN
edu-4685	109	25	journal	journal	PROPN
edu-4685	109	26	publishing	publishing	NOUN
edu-4685	109	27	group	group	NOUN
edu-4685	109	28	there	there	PRON
edu-4685	109	29	was	be	VERB
edu-4685	109	30	an	an	DET
edu-4685	109	31	unwritten	unwritten	ADJ
edu-4685	109	32	expectation	expectation	NOUN
edu-4685	109	33	that	that	SCONJ
edu-4685	109	34	professors	professor	NOUN
edu-4685	109	35	would	would	AUX
edu-4685	109	36	grade	grade	VERB
edu-4685	109	37	their	their	PRON
edu-4685	109	38	tlr	tlr	PROPN
edu-4685	109	39	classes	class	NOUN
edu-4685	109	40	generously	generously	ADV
edu-4685	109	41	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	109	42	i.e.	i.e.	X
edu-4685	109	43	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	109	44	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	109	45	rarely	rarely	ADV
edu-4685	109	46	failed	fail	VERB
edu-4685	109	47	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	109	48	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	109	49	reducing	reduce	VERB
edu-4685	109	50	the	the	DET
edu-4685	109	51	desire	desire	NOUN
edu-4685	109	52	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	109	53	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	109	54	to	to	PART
edu-4685	109	55	fully	fully	ADV
edu-4685	109	56	engage	engage	VERB
edu-4685	109	57	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	109	58	the	the	DET
edu-4685	109	59	learning	learning	NOUN
edu-4685	109	60	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	110	1	as	as	SCONJ
edu-4685	110	2	one	one	NUM
edu-4685	110	3	critic	critic	NOUN
edu-4685	110	4	put	put	VERB
edu-4685	110	5	it	it	PRON
edu-4685	110	6	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	110	7	the	the	DET
edu-4685	110	8	classes	class	NOUN
edu-4685	110	9	provided	provide	VERB
edu-4685	110	10	a	a	DET
edu-4685	110	11	good	good	ADJ
edu-4685	110	12	opportunity	opportunity	NOUN
edu-4685	110	13	for	for	SCONJ
edu-4685	110	14	schoolteachers	schoolteacher	NOUN
edu-4685	110	15	to	to	PART
edu-4685	110	16	catch	catch	VERB
edu-4685	110	17	up	up	ADP
edu-4685	110	18	on	on	ADP
edu-4685	110	19	sleep	sleep	NOUN
edu-4685	110	20	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	110	21	ikegami	ikegami	ADJ
edu-4685	110	22	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	110	23	2014	2014	NUM
edu-4685	110	24	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	110	25	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	111	1	this	this	DET
edu-4685	111	2	point	point	NOUN
edu-4685	111	3	also	also	ADV
edu-4685	111	4	highlights	highlight	VERB
edu-4685	111	5	the	the	DET
edu-4685	111	6	contentious	contentious	ADJ
edu-4685	111	7	issue	issue	NOUN
edu-4685	111	8	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	111	9	accountability	accountability	NOUN
edu-4685	111	10	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	111	11	higher	high	ADJ
edu-4685	111	12	educational	educational	ADJ
edu-4685	111	13	grading	grading	NOUN
edu-4685	111	14	as	as	ADV
edu-4685	111	15	well	well	ADV
edu-4685	111	16	as	as	ADP
edu-4685	111	17	the	the	DET
edu-4685	111	18	fact	fact	NOUN
edu-4685	111	19	that	that	SCONJ
edu-4685	111	20	most	most	ADJ
edu-4685	111	21	university	university	NOUN
edu-4685	111	22	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	111	23	have	have	AUX
edu-4685	111	24	had	have	AUX
edu-4685	111	25	little	little	ADJ
edu-4685	111	26	or	or	CCONJ
edu-4685	111	27	no	no	PRON
edu-4685	111	28	experience	experience	NOUN
edu-4685	111	29	teaching	teach	VERB
edu-4685	111	30	‘	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	111	31	mature	mature	ADJ
edu-4685	111	32	’	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	111	33	students	student	NOUN
edu-4685	111	34	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	111	35	the	the	DET
edu-4685	111	36	overwhelming	overwhelming	ADJ
edu-4685	111	37	majority	majority	NOUN
edu-4685	111	38	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	111	39	students	student	NOUN
edu-4685	111	40	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	111	41	japan	japan	PROPN
edu-4685	111	42	’s	’s	PART
edu-4685	111	43	universities	university	NOUN
edu-4685	111	44	are	be	AUX
edu-4685	111	45	aged	age	VERB
edu-4685	111	46	between	between	ADP
edu-4685	111	47	18	18	NUM
edu-4685	111	48	-	-	SYM
edu-4685	111	49	24	24	NUM
edu-4685	111	50	years	year	NOUN
edu-4685	111	51	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	111	52	age	age	NOUN
edu-4685	111	53	with	with	ADP
edu-4685	111	54	older	old	ADJ
edu-4685	111	55	or	or	CCONJ
edu-4685	111	56	mature	mature	ADJ
edu-4685	111	57	students	student	NOUN
edu-4685	111	58	being	be	AUX
edu-4685	111	59	almost	almost	ADV
edu-4685	111	60	non	non	ADJ
edu-4685	111	61	-	-	ADJ
edu-4685	111	62	existent	existent	ADJ
edu-4685	111	63	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	111	64	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	112	1	5	5	X
edu-4685	112	2	.	.	X
edu-4685	112	3	lessons	lesson	NOUN
edu-4685	112	4	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	112	5	the	the	DET
edu-4685	112	6	future	future	NOUN
edu-4685	112	7	from	from	ADP
edu-4685	112	8	the	the	DET
edu-4685	112	9	seeming	seeming	ADJ
edu-4685	112	10	‘	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	112	11	failure	failure	NOUN
edu-4685	112	12	’	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	112	13	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	112	14	these	these	DET
edu-4685	112	15	two	two	NUM
edu-4685	112	16	educational	educational	ADJ
edu-4685	112	17	experiments	experiment	NOUN
edu-4685	112	18	several	several	ADJ
edu-4685	112	19	points	point	NOUN
edu-4685	112	20	can	can	AUX
edu-4685	112	21	be	be	AUX
edu-4685	112	22	gleaned	glean	VERB
edu-4685	112	23	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	113	1	both	both	DET
edu-4685	113	2	policies	policy	NOUN
edu-4685	113	3	emerged	emerge	VERB
edu-4685	113	4	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	113	5	response	response	NOUN
edu-4685	113	6	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	113	7	external	external	ADJ
edu-4685	113	8	pressure	pressure	NOUN
edu-4685	113	9	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	113	10	perceived	perceive	VERB
edu-4685	113	11	‘	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	113	12	problems	problem	NOUN
edu-4685	113	13	’	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	113	14	within	within	ADP
edu-4685	113	15	the	the	DET
edu-4685	113	16	education	education	NOUN
edu-4685	113	17	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	113	18	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	114	1	both	both	DET
edu-4685	114	2	cases	case	NOUN
edu-4685	114	3	represented	represent	VERB
edu-4685	114	4	a	a	DET
edu-4685	114	5	kind	kind	NOUN
edu-4685	114	6	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	114	7	‘	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	114	8	trojan	trojan	NOUN
edu-4685	114	9	horse	horse	NOUN
edu-4685	114	10	’	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	114	11	style	style	NOUN
edu-4685	114	12	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	114	13	using	use	VERB
edu-4685	114	14	a	a	DET
edu-4685	114	15	policy	policy	NOUN
edu-4685	114	16	change	change	NOUN
edu-4685	114	17	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	114	18	an	an	DET
edu-4685	114	19	ulterior	ulterior	ADJ
edu-4685	114	20	motive	motive	NOUN
edu-4685	114	21	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	114	22	as	as	ADP
edu-4685	114	23	a	a	DET
edu-4685	114	24	means	means	NOUN
edu-4685	114	25	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	114	26	getting	getting	AUX
edu-4685	114	27	rid	rid	VERB
edu-4685	114	28	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	114	29	‘	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	114	30	inadequate	inadequate	ADJ
edu-4685	114	31	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	114	32	’	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	114	33	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	114	34	the	the	DET
edu-4685	114	35	case	case	NOUN
edu-4685	114	36	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	114	37	the	the	DET
edu-4685	114	38	renewal	renewal	NOUN
edu-4685	114	39	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	114	40	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	114	41	revamping	revamp	VERB
edu-4685	114	42	the	the	DET
edu-4685	114	43	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
edu-4685	114	44	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	114	45	the	the	DET
edu-4685	114	46	case	case	NOUN
edu-4685	114	47	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	114	48	the	the	DET
edu-4685	114	49	yutori	yutori	PROPN
edu-4685	114	50	project	project	NOUN
edu-4685	114	51	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	114	52	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	115	1	similarly	similarly	ADV
edu-4685	115	2	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	115	3	both	both	PRON
edu-4685	115	4	were	be	AUX
edu-4685	115	5	eliminated	eliminate	VERB
edu-4685	115	6	also	also	ADV
edu-4685	115	7	partly	partly	ADV
edu-4685	115	8	because	because	SCONJ
edu-4685	115	9	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	115	10	negative	negative	ADJ
edu-4685	115	11	external	external	ADJ
edu-4685	115	12	reactions	reaction	NOUN
edu-4685	115	13	without	without	ADP
edu-4685	115	14	proper	proper	ADJ
edu-4685	115	15	assessment	assessment	NOUN
edu-4685	115	16	or	or	CCONJ
edu-4685	115	17	reflection	reflection	NOUN
edu-4685	115	18	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	116	1	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	116	2	sum	sum	NOUN
edu-4685	116	3	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	116	4	the	the	DET
edu-4685	116	5	yutori	yutori	PROPN
edu-4685	116	6	kyōiku	kyōiku	PROPN
edu-4685	116	7	policy	policy	NOUN
edu-4685	116	8	failed	fail	VERB
edu-4685	116	9	to	to	PART
edu-4685	116	10	function	function	VERB
edu-4685	116	11	properly	properly	ADV
edu-4685	116	12	because	because	SCONJ
edu-4685	116	13	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	116	14	the	the	DET
edu-4685	116	15	gap	gap	NOUN
edu-4685	116	16	between	between	ADP
edu-4685	116	17	the	the	DET
edu-4685	116	18	ideals	ideal	NOUN
edu-4685	116	19	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	116	20	the	the	DET
edu-4685	116	21	national	national	ADJ
edu-4685	116	22	government	government	NOUN
edu-4685	116	23	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	116	24	the	the	DET
edu-4685	116	25	reality	reality	NOUN
edu-4685	116	26	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	116	27	classroom	classroom	NOUN
edu-4685	116	28	life	life	NOUN
edu-4685	116	29	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	116	30	shirota	shirota	NOUN
edu-4685	116	31	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	116	32	2012	2012	NUM
edu-4685	116	33	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	116	34	whereas	whereas	SCONJ
edu-4685	116	35	the	the	DET
edu-4685	116	36	tlr	tlr	PROPN
edu-4685	116	37	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	116	38	’s	’s	PART
edu-4685	116	39	demise	demise	NOUN
edu-4685	116	40	was	be	AUX
edu-4685	116	41	as	as	ADP
edu-4685	116	42	a	a	DET
edu-4685	116	43	result	result	NOUN
edu-4685	116	44	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	116	45	the	the	DET
edu-4685	116	46	gap	gap	NOUN
edu-4685	116	47	between	between	ADP
edu-4685	116	48	the	the	DET
edu-4685	116	49	vision	vision	NOUN
edu-4685	116	50	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	116	51	the	the	DET
edu-4685	116	52	national	national	ADJ
edu-4685	116	53	government	government	NOUN
edu-4685	116	54	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	116	55	the	the	DET
edu-4685	116	56	reality	reality	NOUN
edu-4685	116	57	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	116	58	the	the	DET
edu-4685	116	59	life	life	NOUN
edu-4685	116	60	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	116	61	the	the	DET
edu-4685	116	62	shokuin	shokuin	PROPN
edu-4685	116	63	shitsu	shitsu	PROPN
edu-4685	116	64	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	116	65	teacher	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	116	66	’s	’s	PART
edu-4685	116	67	room	room	NOUN
edu-4685	116	68	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	116	69	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	117	1	regardless	regardless	ADV
edu-4685	117	2	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	117	3	what	what	PRON
edu-4685	117	4	–	–	PUNCT
edu-4685	117	5	if	if	SCONJ
edu-4685	117	6	anything	anything	PRON
edu-4685	117	7	–	–	PUNCT
edu-4685	117	8	replaces	replace	VERB
edu-4685	117	9	the	the	DET
edu-4685	117	10	tlr	tlr	PROPN
edu-4685	117	11	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	117	12	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	117	13	it	it	PRON
edu-4685	117	14	must	must	AUX
edu-4685	117	15	be	be	AUX
edu-4685	117	16	remembered	remember	VERB
edu-4685	117	17	that	that	SCONJ
edu-4685	117	18	japan	japan	PROPN
edu-4685	117	19	’s	’s	PART
edu-4685	117	20	schools	school	NOUN
edu-4685	117	21	already	already	ADV
edu-4685	117	22	have	have	VERB
edu-4685	117	23	excellent	excellent	ADJ
edu-4685	117	24	informal	informal	ADJ
edu-4685	117	25	training	training	NOUN
edu-4685	117	26	systems	system	NOUN
edu-4685	117	27	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	117	28	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
edu-4685	117	29	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	117	30	place	place	NOUN
edu-4685	117	31	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	117	32	namely	namely	ADV
edu-4685	117	33	:	:	PUNCT
edu-4685	117	34	the	the	DET
edu-4685	117	35	teacher	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	117	36	’s	’s	PART
edu-4685	117	37	room	room	NOUN
edu-4685	117	38	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	117	39	shokuin	shokuin	PROPN
edu-4685	117	40	shitsu	shitsu	PROPN
edu-4685	117	41	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	117	42	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	117	43	‘	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	117	44	lesson	lesson	NOUN
edu-4685	117	45	study	study	NOUN
edu-4685	117	46	’	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	117	47	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	117	48	jigyo	jigyo	VERB
edu-4685	117	49	kenkyū	kenkyū	PROPN
edu-4685	117	50	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	117	51	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	117	52	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	117	53	‘	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	117	54	special	special	ADJ
edu-4685	117	55	activities	activity	NOUN
edu-4685	117	56	’	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	117	57	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	117	58	tokubetsu	tokubetsu	NOUN
edu-4685	117	59	katsudō	katsudō	NOUN
edu-4685	117	60	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	117	61	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	118	1	by	by	ADP
edu-4685	118	2	systematically	systematically	ADV
edu-4685	118	3	utilizing	utilize	VERB
edu-4685	118	4	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	118	5	improving	improve	VERB
edu-4685	118	6	on	on	ADP
edu-4685	118	7	these	these	PRON
edu-4685	118	8	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	118	9	perhaps	perhaps	ADV
edu-4685	118	10	through	through	ADP
edu-4685	118	11	the	the	DET
edu-4685	118	12	incorporation	incorporation	NOUN
edu-4685	118	13	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	118	14	input	input	NOUN
edu-4685	118	15	from	from	ADP
edu-4685	118	16	best	good	ADJ
edu-4685	118	17	practice	practice	NOUN
edu-4685	118	18	examples	example	NOUN
edu-4685	118	19	abroad	abroad	ADV
edu-4685	118	20	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	118	21	japan	japan	PROPN
edu-4685	118	22	’s	’s	PART
edu-4685	118	23	education	education	NOUN
edu-4685	118	24	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	118	25	could	could	AUX
edu-4685	118	26	be	be	AUX
edu-4685	118	27	further	far	ADV
edu-4685	118	28	enhanced	enhance	VERB
edu-4685	118	29	without	without	ADP
edu-4685	118	30	the	the	DET
edu-4685	118	31	need	need	NOUN
edu-4685	118	32	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	118	33	an	an	DET
edu-4685	118	34	external	external	ADJ
edu-4685	118	35	retraining	retraining	ADJ
edu-4685	118	36	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	118	37	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
edu-4685	118	38	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	118	39	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	119	1	these	these	DET
edu-4685	119	2	three	three	NUM
edu-4685	119	3	informal	informal	ADJ
edu-4685	119	4	teacher	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	119	5	training	training	NOUN
edu-4685	119	6	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
edu-4685	119	7	are	be	AUX
edu-4685	119	8	briefly	briefly	ADV
edu-4685	119	9	explained	explain	VERB
edu-4685	119	10	below	below	ADV
edu-4685	119	11	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	120	1	5.1	5.1	NUM
edu-4685	120	2	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	121	1	shokuin	shokuin	PROPN
edu-4685	121	2	shitsu	shitsu	PROPN
edu-4685	121	3	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	121	4	teacher	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	121	5	’s	’s	PART
edu-4685	121	6	room	room	NOUN
edu-4685	121	7	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	121	8	training	training	NOUN
edu-4685	121	9	research	research	NOUN
edu-4685	121	10	by	by	ADP
edu-4685	121	11	ahn	ahn	PROPN
edu-4685	121	12	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	121	13	shimojima	shimojima	PROPN
edu-4685	121	14	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	121	15	mori	mori	NOUN
edu-4685	121	16	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	121	17	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	121	18	asanuma	asanuma	PROPN
edu-4685	121	19	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	121	20	2018	2018	NUM
edu-4685	121	21	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	121	22	found	find	VERB
edu-4685	121	23	that	that	SCONJ
edu-4685	121	24	informal	informal	ADJ
edu-4685	121	25	training	training	NOUN
edu-4685	121	26	through	through	ADP
edu-4685	121	27	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
edu-4685	121	28	learning	learning	NOUN
edu-4685	121	29	which	which	PRON
edu-4685	121	30	occurred	occur	VERB
edu-4685	121	31	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	121	32	the	the	DET
edu-4685	121	33	shokuin	shokuin	PROPN
edu-4685	121	34	shitsu	shitsu	NOUN
edu-4685	121	35	was	be	AUX
edu-4685	121	36	considered	consider	VERB
edu-4685	121	37	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	121	38	greater	great	ADJ
edu-4685	121	39	value	value	NOUN
edu-4685	121	40	than	than	SCONJ
edu-4685	121	41	officially	officially	ADV
edu-4685	121	42	sanctioned	sanction	VERB
edu-4685	121	43	professional	professional	ADJ
edu-4685	121	44	development	development	NOUN
edu-4685	121	45	training	training	NOUN
edu-4685	121	46	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	122	1	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	122	2	fact	fact	NOUN
edu-4685	122	3	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	122	4	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	122	5	at	at	ADP
edu-4685	122	6	differing	differ	VERB
edu-4685	122	7	stages	stage	NOUN
edu-4685	122	8	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	122	9	their	their	PRON
edu-4685	122	10	careers	career	NOUN
edu-4685	122	11	“	"	PUNCT
edu-4685	122	12	unequivocally	unequivocally	ADV
edu-4685	122	13	endorsed	endorse	VERB
edu-4685	122	14	the	the	DET
edu-4685	122	15	critical	critical	ADJ
edu-4685	122	16	role	role	NOUN
edu-4685	122	17	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	122	18	shokuin	shokuin	PROPN
edu-4685	122	19	shitsu	shitsu	PROPN
edu-4685	122	20	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	122	21	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	122	22	’	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	122	23	room	room	NOUN
edu-4685	122	24	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	122	25	as	as	ADP
edu-4685	122	26	a	a	DET
edu-4685	122	27	necessary	necessary	ADJ
edu-4685	122	28	space	space	NOUN
edu-4685	122	29	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	122	30	their	their	PRON
edu-4685	122	31	professional	professional	ADJ
edu-4685	122	32	growth	growth	NOUN
edu-4685	122	33	”	"	PUNCT
edu-4685	122	34	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	122	35	ahn	ahn	PROPN
edu-4685	122	36	et	et	PROPN
edu-4685	122	37	al	al	PROPN
edu-4685	122	38	.	.	PROPN
edu-4685	122	39	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	122	40	2018	2018	NUM
edu-4685	122	41	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	122	42	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	123	1	because	because	SCONJ
edu-4685	123	2	all	all	DET
edu-4685	123	3	schoolteachers	schoolteacher	NOUN
edu-4685	123	4	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	123	5	japan	japan	PROPN
edu-4685	123	6	are	be	AUX
edu-4685	123	7	based	base	VERB
edu-4685	123	8	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	123	9	a	a	DET
edu-4685	123	10	common	common	ADJ
edu-4685	123	11	teacher	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	123	12	’s	’s	PART
edu-4685	123	13	room	room	NOUN
edu-4685	123	14	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	123	15	it	it	PRON
edu-4685	123	16	provides	provide	VERB
edu-4685	123	17	an	an	DET
edu-4685	123	18	excellent	excellent	ADJ
edu-4685	123	19	physical	physical	ADJ
edu-4685	123	20	environment	environment	NOUN
edu-4685	123	21	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	123	22	them	they	PRON
edu-4685	123	23	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	123	24	throughout	throughout	ADP
edu-4685	123	25	all	all	DET
edu-4685	123	26	stages	stage	NOUN
edu-4685	123	27	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	123	28	their	their	PRON
edu-4685	123	29	careers	career	NOUN
edu-4685	123	30	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	123	31	to	to	PART
edu-4685	123	32	learn	learn	VERB
edu-4685	123	33	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	123	34	grow	grow	VERB
edu-4685	123	35	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	123	36	challenge	challenge	NOUN
edu-4685	123	37	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	123	38	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	123	39	improve	improve	VERB
edu-4685	123	40	their	their	PRON
edu-4685	123	41	skillsets	skillset	NOUN
edu-4685	123	42	making	make	VERB
edu-4685	123	43	it	it	PRON
edu-4685	123	44	an	an	DET
edu-4685	123	45	extremely	extremely	ADV
edu-4685	123	46	effective	effective	ADJ
edu-4685	123	47	“	"	PUNCT
edu-4685	123	48	continuous	continuous	ADJ
edu-4685	123	49	shared	shared	ADJ
edu-4685	123	50	learning	learning	NOUN
edu-4685	123	51	space	space	NOUN
edu-4685	123	52	”	"	PUNCT
edu-4685	123	53	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	123	54	ahn	ahn	PROPN
edu-4685	123	55	et	et	PROPN
edu-4685	123	56	al	al	PROPN
edu-4685	123	57	.	.	PROPN
edu-4685	123	58	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	123	59	2018	2018	NUM
edu-4685	123	60	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	123	61	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	124	1	5.2	5.2	NUM
edu-4685	124	2	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	124	3	jigyo	jigyo	PROPN
edu-4685	124	4	kenkyū	kenkyū	NOUN
edu-4685	124	5	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	124	6	lesson	lesson	NOUN
edu-4685	124	7	study	study	NOUN
edu-4685	124	8	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	125	1	it	it	PRON
edu-4685	125	2	is	be	AUX
edu-4685	125	3	probably	probably	ADV
edu-4685	125	4	a	a	DET
edu-4685	125	5	result	result	NOUN
edu-4685	125	6	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	125	7	the	the	DET
edu-4685	125	8	close	close	ADJ
edu-4685	125	9	physical	physical	ADJ
edu-4685	125	10	proximity	proximity	NOUN
edu-4685	125	11	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	125	12	which	which	PRON
edu-4685	125	13	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	125	14	share	share	VERB
edu-4685	125	15	space	space	NOUN
edu-4685	125	16	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	125	17	their	their	PRON
edu-4685	125	18	teacher	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	125	19	’s	’s	PART
edu-4685	125	20	room	room	NOUN
edu-4685	125	21	that	that	PRON
edu-4685	125	22	has	have	AUX
edu-4685	125	23	enabled	enable	VERB
edu-4685	125	24	the	the	DET
edu-4685	125	25	development	development	NOUN
edu-4685	125	26	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	125	27	jigyo	jigyo	PROPN
edu-4685	125	28	kenkyū	kenkyū	NOUN
edu-4685	125	29	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	125	30	literally	literally	ADV
edu-4685	125	31	:	:	PUNCT
edu-4685	125	32	‘	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	125	33	lesson	lesson	NOUN
edu-4685	125	34	research	research	NOUN
edu-4685	125	35	’	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	125	36	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	125	37	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	126	1	“	"	PUNCT
edu-4685	126	2	lesson	lesson	NOUN
edu-4685	126	3	study	study	NOUN
edu-4685	126	4	”	"	PUNCT
edu-4685	126	5	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	126	6	as	as	SCONJ
edu-4685	126	7	the	the	DET
edu-4685	126	8	term	term	NOUN
edu-4685	126	9	is	be	AUX
edu-4685	126	10	often	often	ADV
edu-4685	126	11	introduced	introduce	VERB
edu-4685	126	12	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	126	13	english	english	PROPN
edu-4685	126	14	literature	literature	NOUN
edu-4685	126	15	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	126	16	see	see	VERB
edu-4685	126	17	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	126	18	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	126	19	example	example	NOUN
edu-4685	126	20	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	126	21	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	126	22	rappleye	rappleye	NOUN
edu-4685	126	23	&	&	CCONJ
edu-4685	126	24	komatsu	komatsu	NOUN
edu-4685	126	25	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	126	26	2017	2017	NUM
edu-4685	126	27	;	;	PUNCT
edu-4685	126	28	stevenson	stevenson	PROPN
edu-4685	126	29	&	&	CCONJ
edu-4685	126	30	stigler	stigler	NOUN
edu-4685	126	31	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	126	32	1992	1992	NUM
edu-4685	126	33	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	126	34	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	126	35	refers	refer	VERB
edu-4685	126	36	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	126	37	the	the	DET
edu-4685	126	38	process	process	NOUN
edu-4685	126	39	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	126	40	ongoing	ongoing	ADJ
edu-4685	126	41	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
edu-4685	126	42	learning	learning	NOUN
edu-4685	126	43	by	by	ADP
edu-4685	126	44	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	126	45	to	to	PART
edu-4685	126	46	improve	improve	VERB
edu-4685	126	47	their	their	PRON
edu-4685	126	48	lessons	lesson	NOUN
edu-4685	126	49	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	127	1	it	it	PRON
edu-4685	127	2	involves	involve	VERB
edu-4685	127	3	the	the	DET
edu-4685	127	4	observation	observation	NOUN
edu-4685	127	5	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	127	6	one	one	NUM
edu-4685	127	7	another	another	PRON
edu-4685	127	8	’s	’s	NOUN
edu-4685	127	9	lessons	lesson	NOUN
edu-4685	127	10	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	127	11	follow	follow	VERB
edu-4685	127	12	-	-	PUNCT
edu-4685	127	13	up	up	ADP
edu-4685	127	14	discussion	discussion	NOUN
edu-4685	127	15	meetings	meeting	NOUN
edu-4685	127	16	to	to	PART
edu-4685	127	17	talk	talk	VERB
edu-4685	127	18	about	about	ADP
edu-4685	127	19	them	they	PRON
edu-4685	127	20	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	127	21	the	the	DET
edu-4685	127	22	“	"	PUNCT
edu-4685	127	23	ideology	ideology	NOUN
edu-4685	127	24	which	which	PRON
edu-4685	127	25	guides	guide	VERB
edu-4685	127	26	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	127	27	to	to	PART
edu-4685	127	28	focus	focus	VERB
edu-4685	127	29	on	on	ADP
edu-4685	127	30	student	student	NOUN
edu-4685	127	31	learning	learning	NOUN
edu-4685	127	32	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	127	33	rather	rather	ADV
edu-4685	127	34	than	than	ADP
edu-4685	127	35	how	how	SCONJ
edu-4685	127	36	well	well	ADV
edu-4685	127	37	or	or	CCONJ
edu-4685	127	38	poorly	poorly	ADV
edu-4685	127	39	colleagues	colleague	NOUN
edu-4685	127	40	taught	teach	VERB
edu-4685	127	41	”	"	PUNCT
edu-4685	127	42	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	127	43	tsuneyoshi	tsuneyoshi	NOUN
edu-4685	127	44	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	127	45	2018	2018	NUM
edu-4685	127	46	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	127	47	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	128	1	while	while	SCONJ
edu-4685	128	2	this	this	PRON
edu-4685	128	3	may	may	AUX
edu-4685	128	4	not	not	PART
edu-4685	128	5	seem	seem	VERB
edu-4685	128	6	radically	radically	ADV
edu-4685	128	7	different	different	ADJ
edu-4685	128	8	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	128	9	similar	similar	ADJ
edu-4685	128	10	activities	activity	NOUN
edu-4685	128	11	undertaken	undertake	VERB
edu-4685	128	12	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	128	13	other	other	ADJ
edu-4685	128	14	countries	country	NOUN
edu-4685	128	15	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	128	16	the	the	DET
edu-4685	128	17	uniqueness	uniqueness	NOUN
edu-4685	128	18	lies	lie	VERB
edu-4685	128	19	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	128	20	the	the	DET
edu-4685	128	21	fact	fact	NOUN
edu-4685	128	22	that	that	SCONJ
edu-4685	128	23	“	"	PUNCT
edu-4685	128	24	the	the	DET
edu-4685	128	25	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	128	26	brings	bring	VERB
edu-4685	128	27	everyone	everyone	PRON
edu-4685	128	28	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	128	29	the	the	DET
edu-4685	128	30	school	school	NOUN
edu-4685	128	31	together	together	ADV
edu-4685	128	32	to	to	PART
edu-4685	128	33	discuss	discuss	VERB
edu-4685	128	34	a	a	DET
edu-4685	128	35	common	common	ADJ
edu-4685	128	36	lesson	lesson	NOUN
edu-4685	128	37	”	"	PUNCT
edu-4685	128	38	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	128	39	ibid	ibid	NOUN
edu-4685	128	40	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	128	41	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	129	1	originating	originate	VERB
edu-4685	129	2	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	129	3	the	the	DET
edu-4685	129	4	meiji	meiji	PROPN
edu-4685	129	5	period	period	NOUN
edu-4685	129	6	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	129	7	makinae	makinae	NOUN
edu-4685	129	8	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	129	9	2019	2019	NUM
edu-4685	129	10	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	129	11	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	129	12	the	the	DET
edu-4685	129	13	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
edu-4685	129	14	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	129	15	this	this	DET
edu-4685	129	16	method	method	NOUN
edu-4685	129	17	has	have	AUX
edu-4685	129	18	caught	catch	VERB
edu-4685	129	19	the	the	DET
edu-4685	129	20	eye	eye	NOUN
edu-4685	129	21	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	129	22	many	many	ADJ
edu-4685	129	23	international	international	ADJ
edu-4685	129	24	scholars	scholar	NOUN
edu-4685	129	25	who	who	PRON
edu-4685	129	26	have	have	AUX
edu-4685	129	27	written	write	VERB
edu-4685	129	28	about	about	ADP
edu-4685	129	29	the	the	DET
edu-4685	129	30	holistic	holistic	ADJ
edu-4685	129	31	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	129	32	positive	positive	ADJ
edu-4685	129	33	benefits	benefit	NOUN
edu-4685	129	34	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	129	35	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
edu-4685	129	36	stevenson	stevenson	NOUN
edu-4685	129	37	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	129	38	stigler	stigler	NOUN
edu-4685	129	39	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	129	40	1992	1992	NUM
edu-4685	129	41	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	129	42	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	129	43	stigler	stigler	NOUN
edu-4685	129	44	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	129	45	hiebert	hiebert	NOUN
edu-4685	129	46	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	129	47	1999	1999	NUM
edu-4685	129	48	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	129	49	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	129	50	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	130	1	such	such	DET
edu-4685	130	2	a	a	DET
edu-4685	130	3	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	130	4	allows	allow	VERB
edu-4685	130	5	for	for	SCONJ
edu-4685	130	6	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	130	7	from	from	ADP
edu-4685	130	8	diverse	diverse	ADJ
edu-4685	130	9	specialities	speciality	NOUN
edu-4685	130	10	to	to	PART
edu-4685	130	11	observe	observe	VERB
edu-4685	130	12	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	130	13	critically	critically	ADV
edu-4685	130	14	examine	examine	VERB
edu-4685	130	15	differing	differ	VERB
edu-4685	130	16	teaching	teaching	NOUN
edu-4685	130	17	styles	style	NOUN
edu-4685	130	18	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	130	19	therefore	therefore	ADV
edu-4685	130	20	providing	provide	VERB
edu-4685	130	21	them	they	PRON
edu-4685	130	22	with	with	ADP
edu-4685	130	23	new	new	ADJ
edu-4685	130	24	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	130	25	unique	unique	ADJ
edu-4685	130	26	options	option	NOUN
edu-4685	130	27	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	130	28	trial	trial	NOUN
edu-4685	130	29	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	130	30	their	their	PRON
edu-4685	130	31	own	own	ADJ
edu-4685	130	32	classes	class	NOUN
edu-4685	130	33	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	131	1	5.3	5.3	NUM
edu-4685	131	2	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	131	3	tokubetsu	tokubetsu	PROPN
edu-4685	131	4	katsudō	katsudō	NOUN
edu-4685	131	5	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	131	6	special	special	ADJ
edu-4685	131	7	activities	activity	NOUN
edu-4685	131	8	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	131	9	tokkatsu	tokkatsu	NOUN
edu-4685	131	10	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	131	11	as	as	SCONJ
edu-4685	131	12	it	it	PRON
edu-4685	131	13	is	be	AUX
edu-4685	131	14	generally	generally	ADV
edu-4685	131	15	abbreviated	abbreviate	VERB
edu-4685	131	16	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	131	17	is	be	AUX
edu-4685	131	18	an	an	DET
edu-4685	131	19	umbrella	umbrella	NOUN
edu-4685	131	20	term	term	NOUN
edu-4685	131	21	encompassing	encompass	VERB
edu-4685	131	22	an	an	DET
edu-4685	131	23	array	array	NOUN
edu-4685	131	24	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	131	25	regular	regular	ADJ
edu-4685	131	26	noncognitive	noncognitive	ADJ
edu-4685	131	27	activities	activity	NOUN
edu-4685	131	28	that	that	PRON
edu-4685	131	29	take	take	VERB
edu-4685	131	30	place	place	NOUN
edu-4685	131	31	at	at	ADP
edu-4685	131	32	schools	school	NOUN
edu-4685	131	33	throughout	throughout	ADP
edu-4685	131	34	the	the	DET
edu-4685	131	35	school	school	NOUN
edu-4685	131	36	day	day	NOUN
edu-4685	131	37	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	131	38	including	include	VERB
edu-4685	131	39	such	such	ADJ
edu-4685	131	40	things	thing	NOUN
edu-4685	131	41	as	as	ADP
edu-4685	131	42	school	school	NOUN
edu-4685	131	43	lunches	lunch	NOUN
edu-4685	131	44	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	131	45	student	student	NOUN
edu-4685	131	46	-	-	PUNCT
edu-4685	131	47	led	lead	VERB
edu-4685	131	48	cleaning	cleaning	NOUN
edu-4685	131	49	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	131	50	classroom	classroom	NOUN
edu-4685	131	51	activities	activity	NOUN
edu-4685	131	52	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	131	53	school	school	NOUN
edu-4685	131	54	-	-	PUNCT
edu-4685	131	55	wide	wide	ADJ
edu-4685	131	56	events	event	NOUN
edu-4685	131	57	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	131	58	excursions	excursion	NOUN
edu-4685	131	59	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	131	60	club	club	NOUN
edu-4685	131	61	activities	activity	NOUN
edu-4685	131	62	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	131	63	tsuneyoshi	tsuneyoshi	NOUN
edu-4685	131	64	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	131	65	2018	2018	NUM
edu-4685	131	66	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	131	67	2020	2020	NUM
edu-4685	131	68	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	131	69	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	132	1	often	often	ADV
edu-4685	132	2	referred	refer	VERB
edu-4685	132	3	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	132	4	as	as	ADP
edu-4685	132	5	whole	whole	ADJ
edu-4685	132	6	child	child	NOUN
edu-4685	132	7	or	or	CCONJ
edu-4685	132	8	holistic	holistic	ADJ
edu-4685	132	9	education	education	NOUN
edu-4685	132	10	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	132	11	initially	initially	ADV
edu-4685	132	12	it	it	PRON
edu-4685	132	13	appears	appear	VERB
edu-4685	132	14	that	that	SCONJ
edu-4685	132	15	tokkatsu	tokkatsu	NOUN
edu-4685	132	16	is	be	AUX
edu-4685	132	17	primarily	primarily	ADV
edu-4685	132	18	aimed	aim	VERB
edu-4685	132	19	at	at	ADP
edu-4685	132	20	students	student	NOUN
edu-4685	132	21	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	133	1	but	but	CCONJ
edu-4685	133	2	upon	upon	SCONJ
edu-4685	133	3	closer	close	ADJ
edu-4685	133	4	examination	examination	NOUN
edu-4685	133	5	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	133	6	the	the	DET
edu-4685	133	7	wide	wide	ADV
edu-4685	133	8	-	-	PUNCT
edu-4685	133	9	ranging	range	VERB
edu-4685	133	10	breadth	breadth	NOUN
edu-4685	133	11	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	133	12	activities	activity	NOUN
edu-4685	133	13	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	133	14	school	school	NOUN
edu-4685	133	15	-	-	PUNCT
edu-4685	133	16	wide	wide	ADJ
edu-4685	133	17	focus	focus	NOUN
edu-4685	133	18	intimately	intimately	ADV
edu-4685	133	19	links	link	VERB
edu-4685	133	20	them	they	PRON
edu-4685	133	21	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	133	22	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	133	23	creating	create	VERB
edu-4685	133	24	a	a	DET
edu-4685	133	25	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
edu-4685	133	26	environment	environment	NOUN
edu-4685	133	27	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	133	28	similar	similar	ADJ
edu-4685	133	29	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	133	30	the	the	DET
edu-4685	133	31	teacher	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	133	32	’s	’s	PART
edu-4685	133	33	room	room	NOUN
edu-4685	133	34	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	133	35	only	only	ADV
edu-4685	133	36	this	this	DET
edu-4685	133	37	time	time	NOUN
edu-4685	133	38	emphasizing	emphasize	VERB
edu-4685	133	39	nonacademic	nonacademic	ADJ
edu-4685	133	40	aspects	aspect	NOUN
edu-4685	133	41	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	133	42	school	school	NOUN
edu-4685	133	43	life	life	NOUN
edu-4685	133	44	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	134	1	nagashima	nagashima	NOUN
edu-4685	134	2	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	134	3	sakuma	sakuma	PROPN
edu-4685	134	4	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	134	5	2018	2018	NUM
edu-4685	134	6	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	134	7	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	134	8	touch	touch	VERB
edu-4685	134	9	on	on	ADP
edu-4685	134	10	this	this	DET
edu-4685	134	11	collaborative	collaborative	ADJ
edu-4685	134	12	group	group	NOUN
edu-4685	134	13	support	support	NOUN
edu-4685	134	14	aspect	aspect	NOUN
edu-4685	134	15	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	134	16	career	career	NOUN
edu-4685	134	17	development	development	NOUN
edu-4685	134	18	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	134	19	its	its	PRON
edu-4685	134	20	importance	importance	NOUN
edu-4685	134	21	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	134	22	japanese	japanese	ADJ
edu-4685	134	23	education	education	NOUN
edu-4685	134	24	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	134	25	several	several	ADJ
edu-4685	134	26	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	134	27	the	the	DET
edu-4685	134	28	aspects	aspect	NOUN
edu-4685	134	29	incorporated	incorporate	VERB
edu-4685	134	30	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	134	31	this	this	DET
edu-4685	134	32	philosophy	philosophy	NOUN
edu-4685	134	33	have	have	AUX
edu-4685	134	34	been	be	AUX
edu-4685	134	35	the	the	DET
edu-4685	134	36	focus	focus	NOUN
edu-4685	134	37	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	134	38	international	international	ADJ
edu-4685	134	39	attention	attention	NOUN
edu-4685	134	40	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	134	41	academia	academia	NOUN
edu-4685	134	42	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	134	43	tsuneyoshi	tsuneyoshi	NOUN
edu-4685	134	44	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	134	45	2017	2017	NUM
edu-4685	134	46	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	134	47	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	135	1	6	6	X
edu-4685	135	2	.	.	X
edu-4685	135	3	other	other	ADJ
edu-4685	135	4	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
edu-4685	135	5	while	while	SCONJ
edu-4685	135	6	the	the	DET
edu-4685	135	7	above	above	ADV
edu-4685	135	8	outlined	outlined	ADJ
edu-4685	135	9	endogenous	endogenous	ADJ
edu-4685	135	10	training	training	NOUN
edu-4685	135	11	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
edu-4685	135	12	are	be	AUX
edu-4685	135	13	excellent	excellent	ADJ
edu-4685	135	14	examples	example	NOUN
edu-4685	135	15	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	135	16	they	they	PRON
edu-4685	135	17	are	be	AUX
edu-4685	135	18	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	135	19	most	most	ADJ
edu-4685	135	20	cases	case	NOUN
edu-4685	135	21	informal	informal	ADJ
edu-4685	135	22	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	135	23	complementary	complementary	ADJ
edu-4685	135	24	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	135	25	not	not	PART
edu-4685	135	26	replacements	replacement	NOUN
edu-4685	135	27	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	135	28	officially	officially	ADV
edu-4685	135	29	mandated	mandate	VERB
edu-4685	135	30	faculty	faculty	NOUN
edu-4685	135	31	development	development	NOUN
edu-4685	135	32	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	136	1	neither	neither	CCONJ
edu-4685	136	2	are	be	AUX
edu-4685	136	3	they	they	PRON
edu-4685	136	4	uniformly	uniformly	ADV
edu-4685	136	5	offered	offer	VERB
edu-4685	136	6	nationwide	nationwide	ADJ
edu-4685	136	7	meaning	meaning	NOUN
edu-4685	136	8	there	there	PRON
edu-4685	136	9	are	be	VERB
edu-4685	136	10	considerable	considerable	ADJ
edu-4685	136	11	discrepancies	discrepancy	NOUN
edu-4685	136	12	between	between	ADP
edu-4685	136	13	schools	school	NOUN
edu-4685	136	14	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	136	15	regions	region	NOUN
edu-4685	136	16	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	137	1	there	there	PRON
edu-4685	137	2	are	be	VERB
edu-4685	137	3	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	137	4	course	course	NOUN
edu-4685	137	5	other	other	ADJ
edu-4685	137	6	unique	unique	ADJ
edu-4685	137	7	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	137	8	effective	effective	ADJ
edu-4685	137	9	systems	system	NOUN
edu-4685	137	10	being	be	AUX
edu-4685	137	11	utilized	utilize	VERB
edu-4685	137	12	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	137	13	different	different	ADJ
edu-4685	137	14	countries	country	NOUN
edu-4685	137	15	around	around	ADP
edu-4685	137	16	the	the	DET
edu-4685	137	17	world	world	NOUN
edu-4685	137	18	from	from	ADP
edu-4685	137	19	which	which	PRON
edu-4685	137	20	japan	japan	PROPN
edu-4685	137	21	could	could	AUX
edu-4685	137	22	source	source	VERB
edu-4685	137	23	ideas	idea	NOUN
edu-4685	137	24	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	137	25	innovation	innovation	NOUN
edu-4685	137	26	when	when	SCONJ
edu-4685	137	27	looking	look	VERB
edu-4685	137	28	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	137	29	options	option	NOUN
edu-4685	137	30	to	to	PART
edu-4685	137	31	replace	replace	VERB
edu-4685	137	32	or	or	CCONJ
edu-4685	137	33	modify	modify	VERB
edu-4685	137	34	its	its	PRON
edu-4685	137	35	now	now	ADV
edu-4685	137	36	defunct	defunct	ADJ
edu-4685	137	37	tlr	tlr	PROPN
edu-4685	137	38	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	137	39	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	138	1	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	138	2	a	a	DET
edu-4685	138	3	recent	recent	ADJ
edu-4685	138	4	survey	survey	NOUN
edu-4685	138	5	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	138	6	teacher	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	138	7	education	education	NOUN
edu-4685	138	8	systems	system	NOUN
edu-4685	138	9	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	138	10	america	america	PROPN
edu-4685	138	11	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	138	12	australia	australia	PROPN
edu-4685	138	13	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	138	14	finland	finland	PROPN
edu-4685	138	15	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	138	16	singapore	singapore	PROPN
edu-4685	138	17	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	138	18	darling	darling	NOUN
edu-4685	138	19	-	-	PUNCT
edu-4685	138	20	hammond	hammond	NOUN
edu-4685	138	21	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	138	22	2017	2017	NUM
edu-4685	138	23	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	138	24	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	138	25	writes	write	VERB
edu-4685	138	26	that	that	SCONJ
edu-4685	138	27	“	"	PUNCT
edu-4685	138	28	[	[	X
edu-4685	138	29	i]n	i]n	NOUN
edu-4685	138	30	every	every	DET
edu-4685	138	31	case	case	NOUN
edu-4685	138	32	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	138	33	these	these	DET
edu-4685	138	34	systems	system	NOUN
edu-4685	138	35	include	include	VERB
edu-4685	138	36	multiple	multiple	ADJ
edu-4685	138	37	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	138	38	coherent	coherent	ADJ
edu-4685	138	39	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	138	40	complementary	complementary	ADJ
edu-4685	138	41	components	component	NOUN
edu-4685	138	42	associated	associate	VERB
edu-4685	138	43	with	with	ADP
edu-4685	138	44	recruiting	recruiting	NOUN
edu-4685	138	45	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	138	46	developing	developing	NOUN
edu-4685	138	47	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	138	48	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	138	49	retaining	retain	VERB
edu-4685	138	50	talented	talented	ADJ
edu-4685	138	51	individuals	individual	NOUN
edu-4685	138	52	to	to	PART
edu-4685	138	53	support	support	VERB
edu-4685	138	54	the	the	DET
edu-4685	138	55	overall	overall	ADJ
edu-4685	138	56	goal	goal	NOUN
edu-4685	138	57	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	138	58	ensuring	ensure	VERB
edu-4685	138	59	that	that	SCONJ
edu-4685	138	60	each	each	DET
edu-4685	138	61	school	school	NOUN
edu-4685	138	62	is	be	AUX
edu-4685	138	63	populated	populate	VERB
edu-4685	138	64	by	by	ADP
edu-4685	138	65	effective	effective	ADJ
edu-4685	138	66	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	138	67	”	"	PUNCT
edu-4685	138	68	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	138	69	p.	p.	NOUN
edu-4685	138	70	294	294	NUM
edu-4685	138	71	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	138	72	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	139	1	also	also	ADV
edu-4685	139	2	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	139	3	each	each	DET
edu-4685	139	4	case	case	NOUN
edu-4685	139	5	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	139	6	there	there	PRON
edu-4685	139	7	has	have	AUX
edu-4685	139	8	been	be	AUX
edu-4685	139	9	a	a	DET
edu-4685	139	10	strong	strong	ADJ
edu-4685	139	11	push	push	NOUN
edu-4685	139	12	towards	towards	ADP
edu-4685	139	13	the	the	DET
edu-4685	139	14	implementation	implementation	NOUN
edu-4685	139	15	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	139	16	standards	standard	NOUN
edu-4685	139	17	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	139	18	what	what	PRON
edu-4685	139	19	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	139	20	should	should	AUX
edu-4685	139	21	learn	learn	VERB
edu-4685	139	22	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	139	23	be	be	AUX
edu-4685	139	24	able	able	ADJ
edu-4685	139	25	to	to	PART
edu-4685	139	26	do	do	VERB
edu-4685	139	27	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	140	1	the	the	DET
edu-4685	140	2	united	united	PROPN
edu-4685	140	3	states	states	PROPN
edu-4685	140	4	is	be	AUX
edu-4685	140	5	the	the	DET
edu-4685	140	6	leader	leader	NOUN
edu-4685	140	7	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	140	8	this	this	DET
edu-4685	140	9	regard	regard	NOUN
edu-4685	140	10	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	140	11	having	having	AUX
edu-4685	140	12	established	establish	VERB
edu-4685	140	13	the	the	DET
edu-4685	140	14	national	national	PROPN
edu-4685	140	15	board	board	PROPN
edu-4685	140	16	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	140	17	professional	professional	ADJ
edu-4685	140	18	teaching	teaching	NOUN
edu-4685	140	19	standards	standard	NOUN
edu-4685	140	20	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	140	21	1987	1987	NUM
edu-4685	140	22	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	141	1	most	most	ADJ
edu-4685	141	2	other	other	ADJ
edu-4685	141	3	developed	develop	VERB
edu-4685	141	4	asian	asian	ADJ
edu-4685	141	5	journal	journal	NOUN
edu-4685	141	6	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	141	7	education	education	NOUN
edu-4685	141	8	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	141	9	training	training	NOUN
edu-4685	141	10	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	141	11	2023	2023	NUM
edu-4685	141	12	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	141	13	9(2	9(2	NUM
edu-4685	141	14	):	):	PUNCT
edu-4685	141	15	48	48	NUM
edu-4685	141	16	-	-	SYM
edu-4685	141	17	53	53	NUM
edu-4685	141	18	52	52	NUM
edu-4685	141	19	©	©	PROPN
edu-4685	141	20	2023	2023	NUM
edu-4685	141	21	by	by	ADP
edu-4685	141	22	the	the	DET
edu-4685	141	23	author	author	NOUN
edu-4685	141	24	;	;	PUNCT
edu-4685	141	25	licensee	licensee	PROPN
edu-4685	141	26	asian	asian	ADJ
edu-4685	141	27	online	online	PROPN
edu-4685	141	28	journal	journal	PROPN
edu-4685	141	29	publishing	publishing	PROPN
edu-4685	141	30	group	group	NOUN
edu-4685	141	31	nations	nation	NOUN
edu-4685	141	32	have	have	AUX
edu-4685	141	33	followed	follow	VERB
edu-4685	141	34	suit	suit	NOUN
edu-4685	141	35	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	141	36	creating	create	VERB
edu-4685	141	37	either	either	CCONJ
edu-4685	141	38	nationwide	nationwide	ADJ
edu-4685	141	39	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	141	40	or	or	CCONJ
edu-4685	141	41	state	state	NOUN
edu-4685	141	42	-	-	PUNCT
edu-4685	141	43	separate	separate	ADJ
edu-4685	141	44	standards	standard	NOUN
edu-4685	141	45	used	use	VERB
edu-4685	141	46	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	141	47	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	141	48	among	among	ADP
edu-4685	141	49	other	other	ADJ
edu-4685	141	50	things	thing	NOUN
edu-4685	141	51	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	141	52	licensing	licensing	NOUN
edu-4685	141	53	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	141	54	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	141	55	training	training	NOUN
edu-4685	141	56	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	142	1	japan	japan	PROPN
edu-4685	142	2	has	have	VERB
edu-4685	142	3	yet	yet	ADV
edu-4685	142	4	to	to	PART
edu-4685	142	5	formalize	formalize	VERB
edu-4685	142	6	such	such	ADJ
edu-4685	142	7	standards	standard	NOUN
edu-4685	142	8	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	142	9	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	142	10	this	this	PRON
edu-4685	142	11	would	would	AUX
edu-4685	142	12	be	be	AUX
edu-4685	142	13	a	a	DET
edu-4685	142	14	good	good	ADJ
edu-4685	142	15	place	place	NOUN
edu-4685	142	16	to	to	PART
edu-4685	142	17	start	start	VERB
edu-4685	142	18	so	so	SCONJ
edu-4685	142	19	as	as	SCONJ
edu-4685	142	20	to	to	PART
edu-4685	142	21	ensure	ensure	VERB
edu-4685	142	22	accountability	accountability	NOUN
edu-4685	142	23	through	through	ADP
edu-4685	142	24	the	the	DET
edu-4685	142	25	creation	creation	NOUN
edu-4685	142	26	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	142	27	“	"	PUNCT
edu-4685	142	28	teacher	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	142	29	performance	performance	NOUN
edu-4685	142	30	assessments	assessment	NOUN
edu-4685	142	31	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	142	32	based	base	VERB
edu-4685	142	33	on	on	ADP
edu-4685	142	34	professional	professional	ADJ
edu-4685	142	35	standards	standard	NOUN
edu-4685	142	36	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	142	37	that	that	PRON
edu-4685	142	38	connect	connect	VERB
edu-4685	142	39	student	student	NOUN
edu-4685	142	40	learning	learn	VERB
edu-4685	142	41	to	to	PART
edu-4685	142	42	classroom	classroom	VERB
edu-4685	142	43	teaching	teaching	NOUN
edu-4685	142	44	”	"	PUNCT
edu-4685	142	45	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	142	46	darling	darling	NOUN
edu-4685	142	47	-	-	PUNCT
edu-4685	142	48	hammond	hammond	NOUN
edu-4685	142	49	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	142	50	2017	2017	NUM
edu-4685	142	51	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	142	52	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	143	1	other	other	ADJ
edu-4685	143	2	trends	trend	NOUN
edu-4685	143	3	noted	note	VERB
edu-4685	143	4	internationally	internationally	ADV
edu-4685	143	5	ensure	ensure	VERB
edu-4685	143	6	competitive	competitive	ADJ
edu-4685	143	7	renumeration	renumeration	NOUN
edu-4685	143	8	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	143	9	order	order	NOUN
edu-4685	143	10	to	to	PART
edu-4685	143	11	attract	attract	VERB
edu-4685	143	12	talented	talented	ADJ
edu-4685	143	13	new	new	ADJ
edu-4685	143	14	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	143	15	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	143	16	financial	financial	ADJ
edu-4685	143	17	subsidies	subsidy	NOUN
edu-4685	143	18	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	143	19	training	training	NOUN
edu-4685	143	20	to	to	PART
edu-4685	143	21	ensure	ensure	VERB
edu-4685	143	22	ongoing	ongoing	ADJ
edu-4685	143	23	job	job	NOUN
edu-4685	143	24	satisfaction	satisfaction	NOUN
edu-4685	143	25	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	143	26	development	development	NOUN
edu-4685	143	27	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	144	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
edu-4685	144	2	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	144	3	increasing	increase	VERB
edu-4685	144	4	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
edu-4685	144	5	for	for	SCONJ
edu-4685	144	6	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	144	7	to	to	PART
edu-4685	144	8	learn	learn	VERB
edu-4685	144	9	from	from	ADP
edu-4685	144	10	one	one	NUM
edu-4685	144	11	another	another	DET
edu-4685	144	12	from	from	ADP
edu-4685	144	13	within	within	ADP
edu-4685	144	14	as	as	ADV
edu-4685	144	15	well	well	ADV
edu-4685	144	16	as	as	ADP
edu-4685	144	17	across	across	ADP
edu-4685	144	18	schools	school	NOUN
edu-4685	144	19	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	144	20	universities	university	NOUN
edu-4685	144	21	has	have	AUX
edu-4685	144	22	been	be	AUX
edu-4685	144	23	highlighted	highlight	VERB
edu-4685	144	24	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	144	25	darling	darling	NOUN
edu-4685	144	26	-	-	PUNCT
edu-4685	144	27	hammond	hammond	NOUN
edu-4685	144	28	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	144	29	2017	2017	NUM
edu-4685	144	30	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	144	31	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	145	1	again	again	ADV
edu-4685	145	2	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	145	3	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	145	4	this	this	DET
edu-4685	145	5	regard	regard	NOUN
edu-4685	145	6	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	145	7	japan	japan	PROPN
edu-4685	145	8	still	still	ADV
edu-4685	145	9	has	have	VERB
edu-4685	145	10	work	work	NOUN
edu-4685	145	11	to	to	PART
edu-4685	145	12	do	do	VERB
edu-4685	145	13	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	145	14	especially	especially	ADV
edu-4685	145	15	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	145	16	terms	term	NOUN
edu-4685	145	17	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	145	18	financial	financial	ADJ
edu-4685	145	19	provision	provision	NOUN
edu-4685	145	20	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	145	21	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	145	22	the	the	DET
edu-4685	145	23	ending	ending	NOUN
edu-4685	145	24	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	145	25	the	the	DET
edu-4685	145	26	university	university	NOUN
edu-4685	145	27	-	-	PUNCT
edu-4685	145	28	school	school	NOUN
edu-4685	145	29	links	link	NOUN
edu-4685	145	30	forged	forge	VERB
edu-4685	145	31	through	through	ADP
edu-4685	145	32	the	the	DET
edu-4685	145	33	tlr	tlr	PROPN
edu-4685	145	34	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	145	35	is	be	AUX
edu-4685	145	36	clearly	clearly	ADV
edu-4685	145	37	a	a	DET
edu-4685	145	38	wasted	waste	VERB
edu-4685	145	39	opportunity	opportunity	NOUN
edu-4685	145	40	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	146	1	7	7	X
edu-4685	146	2	.	.	X
edu-4685	146	3	looking	look	VERB
edu-4685	146	4	back	back	ADV
edu-4685	146	5	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	146	6	forward	forward	ADV
edu-4685	146	7	just	just	ADV
edu-4685	146	8	over	over	ADV
edu-4685	146	9	a	a	PRON
edu-4685	146	10	decade	decade	NOUN
edu-4685	146	11	ago	ago	ADV
edu-4685	146	12	japan	japan	PROPN
edu-4685	146	13	instigated	instigate	VERB
edu-4685	146	14	a	a	DET
edu-4685	146	15	teaching	teaching	NOUN
edu-4685	146	16	license	license	NOUN
edu-4685	146	17	renewal	renewal	NOUN
edu-4685	146	18	program	program	NOUN
edu-4685	146	19	officially	officially	ADV
edu-4685	146	20	aimed	aim	VERB
edu-4685	146	21	at	at	ADP
edu-4685	146	22	ensuring	ensure	VERB
edu-4685	146	23	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	146	24	were	be	AUX
edu-4685	146	25	able	able	ADJ
edu-4685	146	26	to	to	PART
edu-4685	146	27	systematically	systematically	ADV
edu-4685	146	28	acquire	acquire	VERB
edu-4685	146	29	the	the	DET
edu-4685	146	30	latest	late	ADJ
edu-4685	146	31	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
edu-4685	146	32	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	146	33	skills	skill	NOUN
edu-4685	146	34	required	require	VERB
edu-4685	146	35	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	147	1	however	however	ADV
edu-4685	147	2	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	147	3	due	due	ADJ
edu-4685	147	4	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	147	5	part	part	NOUN
edu-4685	147	6	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	147	7	insufficient	insufficient	ADJ
edu-4685	147	8	communication	communication	NOUN
edu-4685	147	9	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	147	10	coordination	coordination	NOUN
edu-4685	147	11	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	147	12	planning	planning	NOUN
edu-4685	147	13	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	147	14	forethought	forethought	NOUN
edu-4685	147	15	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	147	16	the	the	DET
edu-4685	147	17	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	147	18	failed	fail	VERB
edu-4685	147	19	to	to	PART
edu-4685	147	20	reach	reach	VERB
edu-4685	147	21	its	its	PRON
edu-4685	147	22	goals	goal	NOUN
edu-4685	147	23	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	147	24	has	have	AUX
edu-4685	147	25	recently	recently	ADV
edu-4685	147	26	been	be	AUX
edu-4685	147	27	scrapped	scrap	VERB
edu-4685	147	28	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	148	1	the	the	DET
edu-4685	148	2	parallels	parallel	NOUN
edu-4685	148	3	with	with	ADP
edu-4685	148	4	a	a	DET
edu-4685	148	5	previous	previous	ADJ
edu-4685	148	6	educational	educational	ADJ
edu-4685	148	7	policy	policy	NOUN
edu-4685	148	8	change	change	NOUN
edu-4685	148	9	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	148	10	yutori	yutori	PROPN
edu-4685	148	11	kyōiku	kyōiku	PROPN
edu-4685	148	12	are	be	AUX
edu-4685	148	13	stark	stark	ADJ
edu-4685	148	14	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	149	1	japan	japan	PROPN
edu-4685	149	2	should	should	AUX
edu-4685	149	3	learn	learn	VERB
edu-4685	149	4	from	from	ADP
edu-4685	149	5	these	these	DET
edu-4685	149	6	‘	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	149	7	missteps	misstep	NOUN
edu-4685	149	8	’	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	149	9	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	149	10	terms	term	NOUN
edu-4685	149	11	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	149	12	planning	planning	NOUN
edu-4685	149	13	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	149	14	work	work	VERB
edu-4685	149	15	towards	towards	ADP
edu-4685	149	16	creating	create	VERB
edu-4685	149	17	a	a	DET
edu-4685	149	18	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	149	19	which	which	PRON
edu-4685	149	20	benefits	benefit	VERB
edu-4685	149	21	all	all	PRON
edu-4685	149	22	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	150	1	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	150	2	that	that	DET
edu-4685	150	3	regard	regard	NOUN
edu-4685	150	4	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	150	5	it	it	PRON
edu-4685	150	6	is	be	AUX
edu-4685	150	7	useful	useful	ADJ
edu-4685	150	8	to	to	PART
edu-4685	150	9	reassess	reassess	VERB
edu-4685	150	10	the	the	DET
edu-4685	150	11	education	education	NOUN
edu-4685	150	12	field	field	NOUN
edu-4685	150	13	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	150	14	for	for	SCONJ
edu-4685	150	15	clearly	clearly	ADV
edu-4685	150	16	it	it	PRON
edu-4685	150	17	has	have	VERB
edu-4685	150	18	–	–	PUNCT
edu-4685	150	19	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	150	20	will	will	AUX
edu-4685	150	21	continue	continue	VERB
edu-4685	150	22	to	to	PART
edu-4685	150	23	be	be	AUX
edu-4685	150	24	–	–	PUNCT
edu-4685	150	25	a	a	DET
edu-4685	150	26	place	place	NOUN
edu-4685	150	27	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	150	28	considerable	considerable	ADJ
edu-4685	150	29	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	150	30	rapid	rapid	ADJ
edu-4685	150	31	transformation	transformation	NOUN
edu-4685	150	32	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	150	33	change	change	NOUN
edu-4685	150	34	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	151	1	japan	japan	PROPN
edu-4685	151	2	is	be	AUX
edu-4685	151	3	slowly	slowly	ADV
edu-4685	151	4	becoming	become	VERB
edu-4685	151	5	a	a	DET
edu-4685	151	6	more	more	ADV
edu-4685	151	7	diversified	diversified	ADJ
edu-4685	151	8	society	society	NOUN
edu-4685	151	9	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	151	10	learning	learn	VERB
edu-4685	151	11	to	to	PART
edu-4685	151	12	be	be	AUX
edu-4685	151	13	able	able	ADJ
edu-4685	151	14	to	to	PART
edu-4685	151	15	deal	deal	VERB
edu-4685	151	16	with	with	ADP
edu-4685	151	17	the	the	DET
edu-4685	151	18	greater	great	ADJ
edu-4685	151	19	needs	need	NOUN
edu-4685	151	20	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	151	21	students	student	NOUN
edu-4685	151	22	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	151	23	both	both	CCONJ
edu-4685	151	24	domestic	domestic	ADJ
edu-4685	151	25	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	151	26	foreign	foreign	ADJ
edu-4685	151	27	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	151	28	as	as	ADV
edu-4685	151	29	well	well	ADV
edu-4685	151	30	as	as	ADP
edu-4685	151	31	the	the	DET
edu-4685	151	32	new	new	ADJ
edu-4685	151	33	skills	skill	NOUN
edu-4685	151	34	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	151	35	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
edu-4685	151	36	forms	form	NOUN
edu-4685	151	37	being	be	AUX
edu-4685	151	38	required	require	VERB
edu-4685	151	39	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	151	40	them	they	PRON
edu-4685	151	41	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	151	42	means	mean	VERB
edu-4685	151	43	a	a	DET
edu-4685	151	44	wider	wide	ADJ
edu-4685	151	45	understanding	understanding	NOUN
edu-4685	151	46	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	151	47	methods	method	NOUN
edu-4685	151	48	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	151	49	content	content	NOUN
edu-4685	151	50	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	151	51	teacher	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	151	52	training	training	NOUN
edu-4685	151	53	is	be	AUX
edu-4685	151	54	essential	essential	ADJ
edu-4685	151	55	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	152	1	as	as	SCONJ
edu-4685	152	2	darlinghammond	darlinghammond	NOUN
edu-4685	152	3	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	152	4	2017	2017	NUM
edu-4685	152	5	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	152	6	writes	write	VERB
edu-4685	152	7	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	152	8	“	"	PUNCT
edu-4685	152	9	the	the	DET
edu-4685	152	10	teaching	teaching	NOUN
edu-4685	152	11	challenges	challenge	NOUN
edu-4685	152	12	posed	pose	VERB
edu-4685	152	13	by	by	ADP
edu-4685	152	14	higher	high	ADJ
edu-4685	152	15	expectations	expectation	NOUN
edu-4685	152	16	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	152	17	learning	learning	NOUN
edu-4685	152	18	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	152	19	greater	great	ADJ
edu-4685	152	20	diversity	diversity	NOUN
edu-4685	152	21	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	152	22	learners	learner	NOUN
edu-4685	152	23	around	around	ADP
edu-4685	152	24	the	the	DET
edu-4685	152	25	globe	globe	NOUN
edu-4685	152	26	will	will	AUX
edu-4685	152	27	likely	likely	ADV
edu-4685	152	28	be	be	AUX
edu-4685	152	29	better	well	ADV
edu-4685	152	30	met	meet	VERB
edu-4685	152	31	if	if	SCONJ
edu-4685	152	32	nations	nation	NOUN
edu-4685	152	33	can	can	AUX
edu-4685	152	34	learn	learn	VERB
edu-4685	152	35	from	from	ADP
edu-4685	152	36	each	each	DET
edu-4685	152	37	other	other	ADJ
edu-4685	152	38	about	about	ADP
edu-4685	152	39	what	what	PRON
edu-4685	152	40	matters	matter	NOUN
edu-4685	152	41	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	152	42	what	what	PRON
edu-4685	152	43	works	work	VERB
edu-4685	152	44	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	152	45	different	different	ADJ
edu-4685	152	46	contexts	context	NOUN
edu-4685	152	47	”	"	PUNCT
edu-4685	152	48	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	152	49	p.	p.	NOUN
edu-4685	152	50	307	307	NUM
edu-4685	152	51	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	152	52	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	153	1	firstly	firstly	ADV
edu-4685	153	2	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	153	3	the	the	DET
edu-4685	153	4	steadily	steadily	ADV
edu-4685	153	5	growing	grow	VERB
edu-4685	153	6	number	number	NOUN
edu-4685	153	7	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	153	8	non	non	ADJ
edu-4685	153	9	-	-	ADJ
edu-4685	153	10	japanese	japanese	ADJ
edu-4685	153	11	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	153	12	or	or	CCONJ
edu-4685	153	13	not	not	PART
edu-4685	153	14	‘	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	153	15	fully	fully	ADJ
edu-4685	153	16	’	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	153	17	japanese	japanese	ADJ
edu-4685	153	18	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	153	19	students	student	NOUN
edu-4685	153	20	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	153	21	japan	japan	PROPN
edu-4685	153	22	’s	’s	PART
edu-4685	153	23	classrooms	classroom	NOUN
edu-4685	153	24	has	have	AUX
edu-4685	153	25	been	be	AUX
edu-4685	153	26	an	an	DET
edu-4685	153	27	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
edu-4685	153	28	reported	report	VERB
edu-4685	153	29	on	on	ADP
edu-4685	153	30	phenomena	phenomenon	NOUN
edu-4685	153	31	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	154	1	recent	recent	ADJ
edu-4685	154	2	studies	study	NOUN
edu-4685	154	3	put	put	VERB
edu-4685	154	4	the	the	DET
edu-4685	154	5	figure	figure	NOUN
edu-4685	154	6	at	at	ADP
edu-4685	154	7	over	over	ADP
edu-4685	154	8	124,000	124,000	NUM
edu-4685	154	9	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	154	10	the	the	DET
edu-4685	154	11	economist	economist	NOUN
edu-4685	154	12	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	154	13	2019	2019	NUM
edu-4685	154	14	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	154	15	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	154	16	but	but	CCONJ
edu-4685	154	17	this	this	DET
edu-4685	154	18	number	number	NOUN
edu-4685	154	19	does	do	AUX
edu-4685	154	20	not	not	PART
edu-4685	154	21	reveal	reveal	VERB
edu-4685	154	22	the	the	DET
edu-4685	154	23	whole	whole	ADJ
edu-4685	154	24	picture	picture	NOUN
edu-4685	154	25	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	155	1	japan	japan	PROPN
edu-4685	155	2	’s	’s	PART
edu-4685	155	3	educational	educational	ADJ
edu-4685	155	4	policy	policy	NOUN
edu-4685	155	5	means	mean	VERB
edu-4685	155	6	that	that	SCONJ
edu-4685	155	7	children	child	NOUN
edu-4685	155	8	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	155	9	non	non	ADJ
edu-4685	155	10	-	-	ADJ
edu-4685	155	11	japanese	japanese	ADJ
edu-4685	155	12	nationals	national	NOUN
edu-4685	155	13	are	be	AUX
edu-4685	155	14	not	not	PART
edu-4685	155	15	legally	legally	ADV
edu-4685	155	16	required	require	VERB
edu-4685	155	17	to	to	PART
edu-4685	155	18	attend	attend	VERB
edu-4685	155	19	school	school	NOUN
edu-4685	155	20	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	155	21	they	they	PRON
edu-4685	155	22	can	can	AUX
edu-4685	155	23	if	if	SCONJ
edu-4685	155	24	they	they	PRON
edu-4685	155	25	wish	wish	VERB
edu-4685	155	26	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	155	27	meaning	mean	VERB
edu-4685	155	28	there	there	PRON
edu-4685	155	29	are	be	VERB
edu-4685	155	30	likely	likely	ADJ
edu-4685	155	31	a	a	DET
edu-4685	155	32	significant	significant	ADJ
edu-4685	155	33	number	number	NOUN
edu-4685	155	34	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	155	35	children	child	NOUN
edu-4685	155	36	not	not	PART
edu-4685	155	37	enrolled	enrol	VERB
edu-4685	155	38	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	155	39	schools	school	NOUN
edu-4685	155	40	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	155	41	japan	japan	PROPN
edu-4685	155	42	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	156	1	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	156	2	fact	fact	NOUN
edu-4685	156	3	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	156	4	a	a	DET
edu-4685	156	5	survey	survey	NOUN
edu-4685	156	6	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	156	7	2018	2018	NUM
edu-4685	156	8	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	156	9	100	100	NUM
edu-4685	156	10	local	local	ADJ
edu-4685	156	11	government	government	NOUN
edu-4685	156	12	bodies	body	NOUN
edu-4685	156	13	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	156	14	japan	japan	PROPN
edu-4685	156	15	showed	show	VERB
edu-4685	156	16	that	that	SCONJ
edu-4685	156	17	while	while	SCONJ
edu-4685	156	18	there	there	PRON
edu-4685	156	19	were	be	VERB
edu-4685	156	20	77,500	77,500	NUM
edu-4685	156	21	children	child	NOUN
edu-4685	156	22	registered	register	VERB
edu-4685	156	23	as	as	ADP
edu-4685	156	24	children	child	NOUN
edu-4685	156	25	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	156	26	foreign	foreign	ADJ
edu-4685	156	27	nationals	national	NOUN
edu-4685	156	28	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	156	29	no	no	DET
edu-4685	156	30	data	datum	NOUN
edu-4685	156	31	was	be	AUX
edu-4685	156	32	available	available	ADJ
edu-4685	156	33	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	156	34	16,000	16,000	NUM
edu-4685	156	35	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	156	36	these	these	PRON
edu-4685	156	37	as	as	ADP
edu-4685	156	38	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	156	39	whether	whether	SCONJ
edu-4685	156	40	they	they	PRON
edu-4685	156	41	were	be	AUX
edu-4685	156	42	attending	attend	VERB
edu-4685	156	43	school	school	NOUN
edu-4685	156	44	or	or	CCONJ
edu-4685	156	45	not	not	PART
edu-4685	156	46	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	156	47	mainichi	mainichi	PROPN
edu-4685	156	48	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	156	49	2019	2019	NUM
edu-4685	156	50	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	156	51	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	157	1	while	while	SCONJ
edu-4685	157	2	the	the	DET
edu-4685	157	3	reasons	reason	NOUN
edu-4685	157	4	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	157	5	this	this	DET
edu-4685	157	6	situation	situation	NOUN
edu-4685	157	7	include	include	VERB
edu-4685	157	8	cultural	cultural	ADJ
edu-4685	157	9	factors	factor	NOUN
edu-4685	157	10	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	157	11	language	language	NOUN
edu-4685	157	12	issues	issue	NOUN
edu-4685	157	13	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	157	14	financial	financial	ADJ
edu-4685	157	15	problems	problem	NOUN
edu-4685	157	16	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	157	17	clearly	clearly	ADV
edu-4685	157	18	this	this	DET
edu-4685	157	19	lack	lack	NOUN
edu-4685	157	20	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	157	21	data	datum	NOUN
edu-4685	157	22	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	157	23	information	information	NOUN
edu-4685	157	24	is	be	AUX
edu-4685	157	25	far	far	ADV
edu-4685	157	26	from	from	ADP
edu-4685	157	27	ideal	ideal	NOUN
edu-4685	157	28	for	for	SCONJ
edu-4685	157	29	either	either	CCONJ
edu-4685	157	30	japan	japan	PROPN
edu-4685	157	31	or	or	CCONJ
edu-4685	157	32	the	the	DET
edu-4685	157	33	foreign	foreign	ADJ
edu-4685	157	34	families	family	NOUN
edu-4685	157	35	concerned	concern	VERB
edu-4685	157	36	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	158	1	as	as	SCONJ
edu-4685	158	2	numbers	number	NOUN
edu-4685	158	3	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	158	4	international	international	ADJ
edu-4685	158	5	students	student	NOUN
edu-4685	158	6	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	158	7	those	those	PRON
edu-4685	158	8	with	with	ADP
edu-4685	158	9	roots	root	NOUN
edu-4685	158	10	overseas	overseas	ADV
edu-4685	158	11	continue	continue	VERB
edu-4685	158	12	to	to	PART
edu-4685	158	13	increase	increase	VERB
edu-4685	158	14	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	158	15	japan	japan	PROPN
edu-4685	158	16	could	could	AUX
edu-4685	158	17	find	find	VERB
edu-4685	158	18	that	that	SCONJ
edu-4685	158	19	links	link	NOUN
edu-4685	158	20	across	across	ADP
edu-4685	158	21	sectors	sector	NOUN
edu-4685	158	22	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	158	23	public	public	ADJ
edu-4685	158	24	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	158	25	private	private	ADJ
edu-4685	158	26	as	as	ADV
edu-4685	158	27	well	well	ADV
edu-4685	158	28	as	as	ADP
edu-4685	158	29	so	so	ADV
edu-4685	158	30	-	-	PUNCT
edu-4685	158	31	called	call	VERB
edu-4685	158	32	‘	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	158	33	miscellaneous	miscellaneous	ADJ
edu-4685	158	34	’	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	158	35	schools	school	NOUN
edu-4685	158	36	such	such	ADJ
edu-4685	158	37	as	as	ADP
edu-4685	158	38	international	international	ADJ
edu-4685	158	39	or	or	CCONJ
edu-4685	158	40	free	free	ADJ
edu-4685	158	41	schools	school	NOUN
edu-4685	158	42	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	158	43	may	may	AUX
edu-4685	158	44	be	be	AUX
edu-4685	158	45	a	a	DET
edu-4685	158	46	useful	useful	ADJ
edu-4685	158	47	path	path	NOUN
edu-4685	158	48	forward	forward	ADV
edu-4685	158	49	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	159	1	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	159	2	other	other	ADJ
edu-4685	159	3	words	word	NOUN
edu-4685	159	4	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	159	5	increasing	increase	VERB
edu-4685	159	6	options	option	NOUN
edu-4685	159	7	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	159	8	allowing	allow	VERB
edu-4685	159	9	greater	great	ADJ
edu-4685	159	10	freedom	freedom	NOUN
edu-4685	159	11	for	for	SCONJ
edu-4685	159	12	students	student	NOUN
edu-4685	159	13	to	to	PART
edu-4685	159	14	choose	choose	VERB
edu-4685	159	15	would	would	AUX
edu-4685	159	16	likely	likely	ADV
edu-4685	159	17	lead	lead	VERB
edu-4685	159	18	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	159	19	greater	great	ADJ
edu-4685	159	20	participation	participation	NOUN
edu-4685	159	21	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	159	22	inclusion	inclusion	NOUN
edu-4685	159	23	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	160	1	such	such	ADJ
edu-4685	160	2	sector	sector	NOUN
edu-4685	160	3	-	-	PUNCT
edu-4685	160	4	wide	wide	ADJ
edu-4685	160	5	flexibility	flexibility	NOUN
edu-4685	160	6	would	would	AUX
edu-4685	160	7	most	most	ADV
edu-4685	160	8	likely	likely	ADV
edu-4685	160	9	mean	mean	VERB
edu-4685	160	10	the	the	DET
edu-4685	160	11	strict	strict	ADJ
edu-4685	160	12	necessity	necessity	NOUN
edu-4685	160	13	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	160	14	teaching	teach	VERB
edu-4685	160	15	licenses	license	NOUN
edu-4685	160	16	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	160	17	their	their	PRON
edu-4685	160	18	present	present	ADJ
edu-4685	160	19	form	form	NOUN
edu-4685	160	20	would	would	AUX
edu-4685	160	21	also	also	ADV
edu-4685	160	22	need	need	VERB
edu-4685	160	23	to	to	PART
edu-4685	160	24	be	be	AUX
edu-4685	160	25	reevaluated	reevaluate	VERB
edu-4685	160	26	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	161	1	secondly	secondly	ADV
edu-4685	161	2	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	161	3	the	the	DET
edu-4685	161	4	job	job	NOUN
edu-4685	161	5	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	161	6	teaching	teaching	NOUN
edu-4685	161	7	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	161	8	the	the	DET
edu-4685	161	9	role	role	NOUN
edu-4685	161	10	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	161	11	the	the	DET
edu-4685	161	12	teacher	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	161	13	is	be	AUX
edu-4685	161	14	evolving	evolve	VERB
edu-4685	161	15	dramatically	dramatically	ADV
edu-4685	161	16	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	162	1	although	although	SCONJ
edu-4685	162	2	certainly	certainly	ADV
edu-4685	162	3	accelerated	accelerate	VERB
edu-4685	162	4	by	by	ADP
edu-4685	162	5	the	the	DET
edu-4685	162	6	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
edu-4685	162	7	pandemic	pandemic	NOUN
edu-4685	162	8	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	162	9	the	the	DET
edu-4685	162	10	teaching	teaching	NOUN
edu-4685	162	11	environment	environment	NOUN
edu-4685	162	12	has	have	AUX
edu-4685	162	13	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
edu-4685	162	14	become	become	VERB
edu-4685	162	15	a	a	DET
edu-4685	162	16	digitalized	digitalized	ADJ
edu-4685	162	17	one	one	NOUN
edu-4685	162	18	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	162	19	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	162	20	this	this	PRON
edu-4685	162	21	is	be	AUX
edu-4685	162	22	challenging	challenge	VERB
edu-4685	162	23	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	162	24	to	to	PART
edu-4685	162	25	adjust	adjust	VERB
edu-4685	162	26	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	162	27	keep	keep	VERB
edu-4685	162	28	up	up	ADP
edu-4685	162	29	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	163	1	as	as	SCONJ
edu-4685	163	2	mext	mext	NOUN
edu-4685	163	3	looks	look	VERB
edu-4685	163	4	to	to	PART
edu-4685	163	5	replace	replace	VERB
edu-4685	163	6	the	the	DET
edu-4685	163	7	trl	trl	PROPN
edu-4685	163	8	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	163	9	with	with	ADP
edu-4685	163	10	some	some	DET
edu-4685	163	11	other	other	ADJ
edu-4685	163	12	form	form	NOUN
edu-4685	163	13	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	163	14	it	it	PRON
edu-4685	163	15	would	would	AUX
edu-4685	163	16	do	do	VERB
edu-4685	163	17	well	well	ADV
edu-4685	163	18	to	to	PART
edu-4685	163	19	include	include	VERB
edu-4685	163	20	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	163	21	’	’	PART
edu-4685	163	22	voices	voice	NOUN
edu-4685	163	23	as	as	ADV
edu-4685	163	24	well	well	ADV
edu-4685	163	25	as	as	ADP
edu-4685	163	26	best	good	ADJ
edu-4685	163	27	practice	practice	NOUN
edu-4685	163	28	ideas	idea	NOUN
edu-4685	163	29	from	from	ADP
edu-4685	163	30	other	other	ADJ
edu-4685	163	31	countries	country	NOUN
edu-4685	163	32	to	to	PART
edu-4685	163	33	ensure	ensure	VERB
edu-4685	163	34	a	a	DET
edu-4685	163	35	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	163	36	is	be	AUX
edu-4685	163	37	established	establish	VERB
edu-4685	163	38	that	that	PRON
edu-4685	163	39	is	be	AUX
edu-4685	163	40	both	both	CCONJ
edu-4685	163	41	flexible	flexible	ADJ
edu-4685	163	42	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	163	43	meaningful	meaningful	ADJ
edu-4685	163	44	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	164	1	it	it	PRON
edu-4685	164	2	may	may	AUX
edu-4685	164	3	well	well	ADV
edu-4685	164	4	be	be	AUX
edu-4685	164	5	that	that	SCONJ
edu-4685	164	6	the	the	DET
edu-4685	164	7	above	above	ADV
edu-4685	164	8	-	-	PUNCT
edu-4685	164	9	mentioned	mention	VERB
edu-4685	164	10	unique	unique	ADJ
edu-4685	164	11	informal	informal	ADJ
edu-4685	164	12	training	training	NOUN
edu-4685	164	13	systems	system	NOUN
edu-4685	164	14	that	that	PRON
edu-4685	164	15	exist	exist	VERB
edu-4685	164	16	already	already	ADV
edu-4685	164	17	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	164	18	japan	japan	PROPN
edu-4685	164	19	can	can	AUX
edu-4685	164	20	be	be	AUX
edu-4685	164	21	modified	modify	VERB
edu-4685	164	22	or	or	CCONJ
edu-4685	164	23	expanded	expand	VERB
edu-4685	164	24	on	on	ADP
edu-4685	164	25	to	to	PART
edu-4685	164	26	allow	allow	VERB
edu-4685	164	27	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	164	28	greater	great	ADJ
edu-4685	164	29	inclusion	inclusion	NOUN
edu-4685	164	30	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	164	31	ideas	idea	NOUN
edu-4685	164	32	across	across	ADP
edu-4685	164	33	demographic	demographic	ADJ
edu-4685	164	34	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	164	35	administrative	administrative	ADJ
edu-4685	164	36	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	164	37	regional	regional	ADJ
edu-4685	164	38	fields	field	NOUN
edu-4685	164	39	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	165	1	similarly	similarly	ADV
edu-4685	165	2	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	165	3	nationwide	nationwide	ADJ
edu-4685	165	4	standards	standard	NOUN
edu-4685	165	5	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	165	6	regulations	regulation	NOUN
edu-4685	165	7	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	165	8	training	training	NOUN
edu-4685	165	9	should	should	AUX
edu-4685	165	10	be	be	AUX
edu-4685	165	11	formulated	formulate	VERB
edu-4685	165	12	to	to	PART
edu-4685	165	13	ensure	ensure	VERB
edu-4685	165	14	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	165	15	at	at	ADP
edu-4685	165	16	all	all	DET
edu-4685	165	17	levels	level	NOUN
edu-4685	165	18	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	165	19	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	165	20	all	all	DET
edu-4685	165	21	types	type	NOUN
edu-4685	165	22	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	165	23	schools	school	NOUN
edu-4685	165	24	are	be	AUX
edu-4685	165	25	able	able	ADJ
edu-4685	165	26	to	to	PART
edu-4685	165	27	access	access	VERB
edu-4685	165	28	regular	regular	ADJ
edu-4685	165	29	training	training	NOUN
edu-4685	165	30	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
edu-4685	165	31	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	165	32	applicable	applicable	ADJ
edu-4685	165	33	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	165	34	each	each	DET
edu-4685	165	35	teacher	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	165	36	’s	’s	PART
edu-4685	165	37	needs	need	NOUN
edu-4685	165	38	without	without	ADP
edu-4685	165	39	having	have	VERB
edu-4685	165	40	to	to	PART
edu-4685	165	41	forfeit	forfeit	VERB
edu-4685	165	42	their	their	PRON
edu-4685	165	43	own	own	ADJ
edu-4685	165	44	free	free	ADJ
edu-4685	165	45	time	time	NOUN
edu-4685	165	46	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	166	1	reflecting	reflect	VERB
edu-4685	166	2	on	on	ADP
edu-4685	166	3	being	be	AUX
edu-4685	166	4	involved	involve	VERB
edu-4685	166	5	with	with	ADP
edu-4685	166	6	teaching	teach	VERB
edu-4685	166	7	tlr	tlr	PROPN
edu-4685	166	8	courses	course	NOUN
edu-4685	166	9	at	at	ADP
edu-4685	166	10	a	a	DET
edu-4685	166	11	university	university	NOUN
edu-4685	166	12	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	166	13	western	western	PROPN
edu-4685	166	14	japan	japan	PROPN
edu-4685	166	15	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	166	16	12	12	NUM
edu-4685	166	17	years	year	NOUN
edu-4685	166	18	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	166	19	the	the	DET
edu-4685	166	20	overwhelming	overwhelming	ADJ
edu-4685	166	21	majority	majority	NOUN
edu-4685	166	22	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	166	23	comments	comment	NOUN
edu-4685	166	24	received	receive	VERB
edu-4685	166	25	were	be	AUX
edu-4685	166	26	that	that	SCONJ
edu-4685	166	27	the	the	DET
edu-4685	166	28	opportunity	opportunity	NOUN
edu-4685	166	29	was	be	AUX
edu-4685	166	30	generally	generally	ADV
edu-4685	166	31	academically	academically	ADV
edu-4685	166	32	rewarding	rewarding	ADJ
edu-4685	166	33	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	166	34	even	even	ADV
edu-4685	166	35	stimulating	stimulate	VERB
edu-4685	166	36	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	166	37	but	but	CCONJ
edu-4685	166	38	not	not	PART
edu-4685	166	39	always	always	ADV
edu-4685	166	40	entirely	entirely	ADV
edu-4685	166	41	practical	practical	ADJ
edu-4685	166	42	or	or	CCONJ
edu-4685	166	43	applicable	applicable	ADJ
edu-4685	166	44	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	166	45	the	the	DET
edu-4685	166	46	present	present	ADJ
edu-4685	166	47	classroom	classroom	NOUN
edu-4685	166	48	situation	situation	NOUN
edu-4685	166	49	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	167	1	as	as	SCONJ
edu-4685	167	2	has	have	AUX
edu-4685	167	3	been	be	AUX
edu-4685	167	4	noted	note	VERB
edu-4685	167	5	elsewhere	elsewhere	ADV
edu-4685	167	6	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	167	7	most	most	ADJ
edu-4685	167	8	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	167	9	had	have	VERB
edu-4685	167	10	positive	positive	ADJ
edu-4685	167	11	comments	comment	NOUN
edu-4685	167	12	to	to	PART
edu-4685	167	13	make	make	VERB
edu-4685	167	14	about	about	ADP
edu-4685	167	15	their	their	PRON
edu-4685	167	16	learning	learn	VERB
edu-4685	167	17	experiences	experience	NOUN
edu-4685	167	18	during	during	ADP
edu-4685	167	19	their	their	PRON
edu-4685	167	20	courses	course	NOUN
edu-4685	167	21	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	167	22	akiba	akiba	PROPN
edu-4685	167	23	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	167	24	2013	2013	NUM
edu-4685	167	25	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	167	26	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	168	1	exit	exit	NOUN
edu-4685	168	2	questionnaires	questionnaire	NOUN
edu-4685	168	3	from	from	ADP
edu-4685	168	4	participants	participant	NOUN
edu-4685	168	5	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	168	6	all	all	DET
edu-4685	168	7	courses	course	NOUN
edu-4685	168	8	taught	teach	VERB
edu-4685	168	9	at	at	ADP
edu-4685	168	10	the	the	DET
edu-4685	168	11	same	same	ADJ
edu-4685	168	12	university	university	NOUN
edu-4685	168	13	almost	almost	ADV
edu-4685	168	14	always	always	ADV
edu-4685	168	15	mentioned	mention	VERB
edu-4685	168	16	a	a	DET
edu-4685	168	17	desire	desire	NOUN
edu-4685	168	18	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	168	19	greater	great	ADJ
edu-4685	168	20	‘	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	168	21	classroom	classroom	NOUN
edu-4685	168	22	-	-	PUNCT
edu-4685	168	23	related	relate	VERB
edu-4685	168	24	’	'	PUNCT
edu-4685	168	25	skill	skill	NOUN
edu-4685	168	26	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
edu-4685	168	27	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	169	1	as	as	SCONJ
edu-4685	169	2	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	169	3	seek	seek	VERB
edu-4685	169	4	to	to	PART
edu-4685	169	5	keep	keep	VERB
edu-4685	169	6	up	up	ADP
edu-4685	169	7	with	with	ADP
edu-4685	169	8	the	the	DET
edu-4685	169	9	fast	fast	ADJ
edu-4685	169	10	pace	pace	NOUN
edu-4685	169	11	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	169	12	change	change	NOUN
edu-4685	169	13	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	169	14	the	the	DET
edu-4685	169	15	need	need	NOUN
edu-4685	169	16	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	169	17	systematic	systematic	ADJ
edu-4685	169	18	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	169	19	ongoing	ongoing	ADJ
edu-4685	169	20	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
edu-4685	169	21	to	to	PART
edu-4685	169	22	learn	learn	VERB
edu-4685	169	23	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	169	24	upskill	upskill	NOUN
edu-4685	169	25	is	be	AUX
edu-4685	169	26	unquestionably	unquestionably	ADV
edu-4685	169	27	urgent	urgent	ADJ
edu-4685	169	28	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	169	29	important	important	ADJ
edu-4685	169	30	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	170	1	removing	remove	VERB
edu-4685	170	2	the	the	DET
edu-4685	170	3	entire	entire	ADJ
edu-4685	170	4	tlr	tlr	PROPN
edu-4685	170	5	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	170	6	seems	seem	VERB
edu-4685	170	7	to	to	PART
edu-4685	170	8	signal	signal	VERB
edu-4685	170	9	a	a	DET
edu-4685	170	10	lack	lack	NOUN
edu-4685	170	11	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	170	12	need	need	NOUN
edu-4685	170	13	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	170	14	such	such	ADJ
edu-4685	170	15	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
edu-4685	170	16	at	at	ADP
edu-4685	170	17	a	a	DET
edu-4685	170	18	time	time	NOUN
edu-4685	170	19	when	when	SCONJ
edu-4685	170	20	they	they	PRON
edu-4685	170	21	are	be	AUX
edu-4685	170	22	arguably	arguably	ADV
edu-4685	170	23	more	more	ADV
edu-4685	170	24	necessary	necessary	ADJ
edu-4685	170	25	than	than	ADP
edu-4685	170	26	ever	ever	ADV
edu-4685	170	27	before	before	ADV
edu-4685	170	28	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	171	1	8	8	X
edu-4685	171	2	.	.	X
edu-4685	171	3	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
edu-4685	171	4	while	while	SCONJ
edu-4685	171	5	acknowledging	acknowledge	VERB
edu-4685	171	6	the	the	DET
edu-4685	171	7	considerable	considerable	ADJ
edu-4685	171	8	problems	problem	NOUN
edu-4685	171	9	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	171	10	issues	issue	NOUN
edu-4685	171	11	inherent	inherent	ADJ
edu-4685	171	12	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	171	13	the	the	DET
edu-4685	171	14	tlr	tlr	PROPN
edu-4685	171	15	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	171	16	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	171	17	this	this	DET
edu-4685	171	18	paper	paper	NOUN
edu-4685	171	19	argues	argue	VERB
edu-4685	171	20	that	that	SCONJ
edu-4685	171	21	it	it	PRON
edu-4685	171	22	was	be	AUX
edu-4685	171	23	a	a	DET
edu-4685	171	24	useful	useful	ADJ
edu-4685	171	25	first	first	ADJ
edu-4685	171	26	step	step	NOUN
edu-4685	171	27	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	171	28	bringing	bring	VERB
edu-4685	171	29	attention	attention	NOUN
edu-4685	171	30	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	171	31	the	the	DET
edu-4685	171	32	need	need	NOUN
edu-4685	171	33	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	171	34	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	171	35	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	171	36	importance	importance	NOUN
edu-4685	171	37	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	171	38	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	171	39	regular	regular	ADJ
edu-4685	171	40	systematic	systematic	ADJ
edu-4685	171	41	teacher	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	171	42	training	training	NOUN
edu-4685	171	43	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	171	44	japan	japan	PROPN
edu-4685	171	45	today	today	NOUN
edu-4685	171	46	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	171	47	fostering	foster	VERB
edu-4685	171	48	debate	debate	NOUN
edu-4685	171	49	about	about	ADP
edu-4685	171	50	the	the	DET
edu-4685	171	51	creation	creation	NOUN
edu-4685	171	52	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	171	53	a	a	DET
edu-4685	171	54	more	more	ADV
edu-4685	171	55	effective	effective	ADJ
edu-4685	171	56	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	171	57	codified	codify	VERB
edu-4685	171	58	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	171	59	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	171	60	the	the	DET
edu-4685	171	61	future	future	NOUN
edu-4685	171	62	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	172	1	internationally	internationally	ADV
edu-4685	172	2	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	172	3	the	the	DET
edu-4685	172	4	trend	trend	NOUN
edu-4685	172	5	has	have	AUX
edu-4685	172	6	been	be	AUX
edu-4685	172	7	towards	towards	ADP
edu-4685	172	8	creating	create	VERB
edu-4685	172	9	standards	standard	NOUN
edu-4685	172	10	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	172	11	measurement	measurement	NOUN
edu-4685	172	12	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	172	13	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
edu-4685	172	14	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	172	15	wider	wide	ADJ
edu-4685	172	16	teacher	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	172	17	/	/	SYM
edu-4685	172	18	school	school	NOUN
edu-4685	172	19	/	/	SYM
edu-4685	172	20	university	university	NOUN
edu-4685	172	21	interaction	interaction	NOUN
edu-4685	172	22	to	to	PART
edu-4685	172	23	enhance	enhance	VERB
edu-4685	172	24	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	172	25	maximize	maximize	VERB
edu-4685	172	26	teacher	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	172	27	ability	ability	NOUN
edu-4685	172	28	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	172	29	job	job	NOUN
edu-4685	172	30	satisfaction	satisfaction	NOUN
edu-4685	172	31	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	173	1	from	from	ADP
edu-4685	173	2	the	the	DET
edu-4685	173	3	outset	outset	NOUN
edu-4685	173	4	it	it	PRON
edu-4685	173	5	was	be	AUX
edu-4685	173	6	dubious	dubious	ADJ
edu-4685	173	7	to	to	PART
edu-4685	173	8	expect	expect	VERB
edu-4685	173	9	a	a	DET
edu-4685	173	10	once	once	ADV
edu-4685	173	11	-	-	PUNCT
edu-4685	173	12	every-10	every-10	ADJ
edu-4685	173	13	-	-	PUNCT
edu-4685	173	14	year	year	NOUN
edu-4685	173	15	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	173	16	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	173	17	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	173	18	somewhat	somewhat	ADV
edu-4685	173	19	ad	ad	X
edu-4685	173	20	hoc	hoc	X
edu-4685	173	21	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	173	22	lectures	lecture	NOUN
edu-4685	173	23	to	to	PART
edu-4685	173	24	lead	lead	VERB
edu-4685	173	25	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	173	26	revolutionary	revolutionary	ADJ
edu-4685	173	27	changes	change	NOUN
edu-4685	173	28	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	174	1	it	it	PRON
edu-4685	174	2	may	may	AUX
edu-4685	174	3	be	be	AUX
edu-4685	174	4	that	that	SCONJ
edu-4685	174	5	the	the	DET
edu-4685	174	6	negative	negative	ADJ
edu-4685	174	7	reaction	reaction	NOUN
edu-4685	174	8	to	to	PART
edu-4685	174	9	mext	mext	NOUN
edu-4685	174	10	’s	’s	PART
edu-4685	174	11	plan	plan	NOUN
edu-4685	174	12	has	have	AUX
edu-4685	174	13	invigorated	invigorate	VERB
edu-4685	174	14	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	174	15	to	to	PART
edu-4685	174	16	focus	focus	VERB
edu-4685	174	17	more	more	ADV
edu-4685	174	18	deeply	deeply	ADV
edu-4685	174	19	on	on	ADP
edu-4685	174	20	what	what	DET
edu-4685	174	21	kind	kind	NOUN
edu-4685	174	22	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	174	23	learning	learning	NOUN
edu-4685	174	24	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	174	25	skillsets	skillset	NOUN
edu-4685	174	26	they	they	PRON
edu-4685	174	27	need	need	VERB
edu-4685	174	28	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	174	29	how	how	SCONJ
edu-4685	174	30	to	to	PART
edu-4685	174	31	obtain	obtain	VERB
edu-4685	174	32	them	they	PRON
edu-4685	174	33	themselves	themselves	PRON
edu-4685	174	34	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	175	1	japan	japan	PROPN
edu-4685	175	2	’s	’s	PART
edu-4685	175	3	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	175	4	work	work	VERB
edu-4685	175	5	arduously	arduously	ADV
edu-4685	175	6	to	to	PART
edu-4685	175	7	improve	improve	VERB
edu-4685	175	8	their	their	PRON
edu-4685	175	9	teaching	teaching	NOUN
edu-4685	175	10	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	175	11	the	the	DET
edu-4685	175	12	systems	system	NOUN
edu-4685	175	13	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	175	14	place	place	NOUN
edu-4685	175	15	providing	provide	VERB
edu-4685	175	16	learning	learn	VERB
edu-4685	175	17	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
edu-4685	175	18	are	be	AUX
edu-4685	175	19	both	both	ADV
edu-4685	175	20	unique	unique	ADJ
edu-4685	175	21	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	175	22	encompassing	encompass	VERB
edu-4685	175	23	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	176	1	however	however	ADV
edu-4685	176	2	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	176	3	there	there	PRON
edu-4685	176	4	is	be	VERB
edu-4685	176	5	a	a	DET
edu-4685	176	6	need	need	NOUN
edu-4685	176	7	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	176	8	a	a	DET
edu-4685	176	9	much	much	ADV
edu-4685	176	10	more	more	ADV
edu-4685	176	11	rigorous	rigorous	ADJ
edu-4685	176	12	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	176	13	which	which	PRON
edu-4685	176	14	can	can	AUX
edu-4685	176	15	involve	involve	VERB
edu-4685	176	16	universities	university	NOUN
edu-4685	176	17	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	176	18	greater	great	ADJ
edu-4685	176	19	numbers	number	NOUN
edu-4685	176	20	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	176	21	varieties	variety	NOUN
edu-4685	176	22	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	176	23	schools	school	NOUN
edu-4685	176	24	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	176	25	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	176	26	as	as	ADP
edu-4685	176	27	a	a	DET
edu-4685	176	28	way	way	NOUN
edu-4685	176	29	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	176	30	working	work	VERB
edu-4685	176	31	towards	towards	ADP
edu-4685	176	32	creating	create	VERB
edu-4685	176	33	an	an	DET
edu-4685	176	34	even	even	ADV
edu-4685	176	35	better	well	ADJ
edu-4685	176	36	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	176	37	more	more	ADV
edu-4685	176	38	inclusive	inclusive	ADJ
edu-4685	176	39	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	176	40	working	work	VERB
edu-4685	176	41	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	176	42	learning	learn	VERB
edu-4685	176	43	environment	environment	NOUN
edu-4685	176	44	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	176	45	all	all	DET
edu-4685	176	46	parties	party	NOUN
edu-4685	176	47	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	177	1	as	as	SCONJ
edu-4685	177	2	japan	japan	PROPN
edu-4685	177	3	struggles	struggle	VERB
edu-4685	177	4	to	to	PART
edu-4685	177	5	attract	attract	VERB
edu-4685	177	6	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	177	7	keep	keep	VERB
edu-4685	177	8	the	the	DET
edu-4685	177	9	highest	high	ADJ
edu-4685	177	10	quality	quality	NOUN
edu-4685	177	11	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	177	12	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	177	13	asahi	asahi	NOUN
edu-4685	177	14	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	177	15	2022	2022	NUM
edu-4685	177	16	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	177	17	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	177	18	asian	asian	ADJ
edu-4685	177	19	journal	journal	NOUN
edu-4685	177	20	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	177	21	education	education	NOUN
edu-4685	177	22	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	177	23	training	training	NOUN
edu-4685	177	24	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	177	25	2023	2023	NUM
edu-4685	177	26	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	177	27	9(2	9(2	NUM
edu-4685	177	28	):	):	PUNCT
edu-4685	177	29	48	48	NUM
edu-4685	177	30	-	-	SYM
edu-4685	177	31	53	53	NUM
edu-4685	177	32	53	53	NUM
edu-4685	177	33	©	©	PROPN
edu-4685	177	34	2023	2023	NUM
edu-4685	177	35	by	by	ADP
edu-4685	177	36	the	the	DET
edu-4685	177	37	author	author	NOUN
edu-4685	177	38	;	;	PUNCT
edu-4685	177	39	licensee	licensee	PROPN
edu-4685	177	40	asian	asian	ADJ
edu-4685	177	41	online	online	PROPN
edu-4685	177	42	journal	journal	PROPN
edu-4685	177	43	publishing	publishing	NOUN
edu-4685	177	44	group	group	NOUN
edu-4685	177	45	the	the	DET
edu-4685	177	46	time	time	NOUN
edu-4685	177	47	is	be	AUX
edu-4685	177	48	also	also	ADV
edu-4685	177	49	ripe	ripe	ADJ
edu-4685	177	50	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	177	51	rigorous	rigorous	ADJ
edu-4685	177	52	debate	debate	NOUN
edu-4685	177	53	into	into	ADP
edu-4685	177	54	future	future	ADJ
edu-4685	177	55	teacher	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	177	56	training	training	NOUN
edu-4685	177	57	program	program	NOUN
edu-4685	177	58	content	content	NOUN
edu-4685	177	59	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	177	60	qualities	quality	NOUN
edu-4685	177	61	required	require	VERB
edu-4685	177	62	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	177	63	the	the	DET
edu-4685	177	64	profession	profession	NOUN
edu-4685	177	65	from	from	ADP
edu-4685	177	66	now	now	ADV
edu-4685	177	67	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	178	1	this	this	PRON
edu-4685	178	2	can	can	AUX
edu-4685	178	3	surely	surely	ADV
edu-4685	178	4	help	help	VERB
edu-4685	178	5	to	to	PART
edu-4685	178	6	contribute	contribute	VERB
edu-4685	178	7	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	178	8	the	the	DET
edu-4685	178	9	improvement	improvement	NOUN
edu-4685	178	10	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	178	11	society	society	NOUN
edu-4685	178	12	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	178	13	all	all	PRON
edu-4685	178	14	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	179	1	references	reference	NOUN
edu-4685	179	2	ahn	ahn	PROPN
edu-4685	179	3	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	179	4	r.	r.	PROPN
edu-4685	179	5	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	179	6	shimojima	shimojima	PROPN
edu-4685	179	7	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	179	8	y.	y.	PROPN
edu-4685	179	9	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	179	10	mori	mori	PROPN
edu-4685	179	11	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	179	12	h.	h.	PROPN
edu-4685	179	13	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	179	14	&	&	CCONJ
edu-4685	179	15	asanuma	asanuma	PROPN
edu-4685	179	16	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	179	17	s.	s.	PROPN
edu-4685	179	18	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	179	19	2018	2018	NUM
edu-4685	179	20	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	179	21	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	180	1	japan	japan	PROPN
edu-4685	180	2	’s	’s	PART
edu-4685	180	3	innovative	innovative	ADJ
edu-4685	180	4	approach	approach	NOUN
edu-4685	180	5	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	180	6	professional	professional	ADJ
edu-4685	180	7	learning	learning	NOUN
edu-4685	180	8	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	181	1	phi	phi	PROPN
edu-4685	181	2	delta	delta	NOUN
edu-4685	181	3	kappan	kappan	NOUN
edu-4685	181	4	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	181	5	100(4	100(4	NUM
edu-4685	181	6	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	181	7	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	181	8	49	49	NUM
edu-4685	181	9	-	-	SYM
edu-4685	181	10	53	53	NUM
edu-4685	181	11	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	182	1	https://doi.org/10.1177/0031721718815674	https://doi.org/10.1177/0031721718815674	ADJ
edu-4685	182	2	akiba	akiba	PROPN
edu-4685	182	3	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	182	4	m.	m.	NOUN
edu-4685	182	5	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	182	6	2013	2013	NUM
edu-4685	182	7	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	182	8	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	183	1	teacher	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	183	2	reforms	reform	NOUN
edu-4685	183	3	around	around	ADP
edu-4685	183	4	the	the	DET
edu-4685	183	5	world	world	NOUN
edu-4685	183	6	:	:	PUNCT
edu-4685	183	7	implications	implication	NOUN
edu-4685	183	8	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	183	9	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
edu-4685	183	10	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	184	1	florida	florida	PROPN
edu-4685	184	2	:	:	PUNCT
edu-4685	184	3	emerald	emerald	PROPN
edu-4685	184	4	group	group	PROPN
edu-4685	184	5	publishing	publishing	PROPN
edu-4685	184	6	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	185	1	asahi	asahi	PROPN
edu-4685	185	2	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	185	3	s.	s.	PROPN
edu-4685	185	4	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	185	5	2022	2022	NUM
edu-4685	185	6	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	185	7	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	186	1	public	public	ADJ
edu-4685	186	2	schools	school	NOUN
edu-4685	186	3	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	186	4	japan	japan	PROPN
edu-4685	186	5	suffering	suffer	VERB
edu-4685	186	6	from	from	ADP
edu-4685	186	7	record	record	NOUN
edu-4685	186	8	teacher	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	186	9	shortage	shortage	NOUN
edu-4685	186	10	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	187	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
edu-4685	187	2	from	from	ADP
edu-4685	187	3	https://www.asahi.com/ajw/articles/14620602	https://www.asahi.com/ajw/articles/14620602	NOUN
edu-4685	187	4	darling	darling	NOUN
edu-4685	187	5	-	-	PUNCT
edu-4685	187	6	hammond	hammond	PROPN
edu-4685	187	7	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	187	8	l.	l.	PROPN
edu-4685	187	9	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	187	10	2017	2017	NUM
edu-4685	187	11	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	187	12	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	188	1	teacher	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	188	2	education	education	NOUN
edu-4685	188	3	around	around	ADP
edu-4685	188	4	the	the	DET
edu-4685	188	5	world	world	NOUN
edu-4685	188	6	:	:	PUNCT
edu-4685	188	7	what	what	PRON
edu-4685	188	8	can	can	AUX
edu-4685	188	9	we	we	PRON
edu-4685	188	10	learn	learn	VERB
edu-4685	188	11	from	from	ADP
edu-4685	188	12	international	international	ADJ
edu-4685	188	13	practice	practice	NOUN
edu-4685	188	14	?	?	PUNCT
edu-4685	189	1	european	european	ADJ
edu-4685	189	2	journal	journal	PROPN
edu-4685	189	3	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	189	4	teacher	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	189	5	education	education	NOUN
edu-4685	189	6	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	189	7	40(3	40(3	NUM
edu-4685	189	8	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	189	9	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	189	10	291	291	NUM
edu-4685	189	11	-	-	SYM
edu-4685	189	12	309	309	NUM
edu-4685	189	13	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	190	1	https://doi.org/10.1080/02619768.2017.1315399	https://doi.org/10.1080/02619768.2017.1315399	PROPN
edu-4685	190	2	higashiyama	higashiyama	PROPN
edu-4685	190	3	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	190	4	h.	h.	PROPN
edu-4685	190	5	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	190	6	&	&	CCONJ
edu-4685	190	7	hara	hara	PROPN
edu-4685	190	8	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	190	9	k.	k.	PROPN
edu-4685	190	10	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	190	11	2010	2010	NUM
edu-4685	190	12	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	190	13	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	191	1	the	the	DET
edu-4685	191	2	teacher	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	191	3	license	license	NOUN
edu-4685	191	4	renewal	renewal	NOUN
edu-4685	191	5	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	191	6	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	191	7	japan	japan	PROPN
edu-4685	191	8	:	:	PUNCT
edu-4685	191	9	the	the	DET
edu-4685	191	10	case	case	NOUN
edu-4685	191	11	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	191	12	bukkyo	bukkyo	PROPN
edu-4685	191	13	university	university	PROPN
edu-4685	191	14	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	192	1	bukkyo	bukkyo	PROPN
edu-4685	192	2	university	university	PROPN
edu-4685	192	3	heoyu	heoyu	PROPN
edu-4685	192	4	department	department	PROPN
edu-4685	192	5	nonju	nonju	PROPN
edu-4685	192	6	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	192	7	21	21	NUM
edu-4685	192	8	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	192	9	125	125	NUM
edu-4685	192	10	-	-	SYM
edu-4685	192	11	137	137	NUM
edu-4685	192	12	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	193	1	hirota	hirota	PROPN
edu-4685	193	2	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	193	3	t.	t.	PROPN
edu-4685	193	4	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	193	5	2011	2011	NUM
edu-4685	193	6	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	193	7	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	194	1	manners	manner	NOUN
edu-4685	194	2	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	194	3	educational	educational	ADJ
edu-4685	194	4	debate	debate	NOUN
edu-4685	194	5	:	:	PUNCT
edu-4685	194	6	a	a	DET
edu-4685	194	7	skeptical	skeptical	ADJ
edu-4685	194	8	reading	reading	NOUN
edu-4685	194	9	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	194	10	everyday	everyday	ADJ
edu-4685	194	11	education	education	NOUN
edu-4685	194	12	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	195	1	tokyo	tokyo	PROPN
edu-4685	195	2	:	:	PUNCT
edu-4685	196	1	jijitsushinsha	jijitsushinsha	PROPN
edu-4685	196	2	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	197	1	ikegami	ikegami	PROPN
edu-4685	197	2	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	197	3	a.	a.	NOUN
edu-4685	197	4	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	197	5	2014	2014	NUM
edu-4685	197	6	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	197	7	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	198	1	japanese	japanese	ADJ
edu-4685	198	2	education	education	NOUN
edu-4685	198	3	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	199	1	tokyo	tokyo	PROPN
edu-4685	199	2	:	:	PUNCT
edu-4685	199	3	php	php	PROPN
edu-4685	199	4	press	press	PROPN
edu-4685	199	5	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	200	1	imazu	imazu	PROPN
edu-4685	200	2	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	200	3	k.	k.	PROPN
edu-4685	200	4	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	200	5	2009	2009	NUM
edu-4685	200	6	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	200	7	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	201	1	questioning	question	VERB
edu-4685	201	2	the	the	DET
edu-4685	201	3	teacher	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	201	4	’s	’s	PART
edu-4685	201	5	license	license	NOUN
edu-4685	201	6	renewal	renewal	NOUN
edu-4685	201	7	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	201	8	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	202	1	tokyo	tokyo	PROPN
edu-4685	202	2	:	:	PUNCT
edu-4685	203	1	iwanami	iwanami	PROPN
edu-4685	203	2	shoten	shoten	PROPN
edu-4685	203	3	.	.	PROPN
edu-4685	203	4	institute	institute	PROPN
edu-4685	203	5	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	203	6	international	international	ADJ
edu-4685	203	7	cooperation	cooperation	NOUN
edu-4685	203	8	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	204	1	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	204	2	2004	2004	NUM
edu-4685	204	3	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	204	4	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	205	1	the	the	DET
edu-4685	205	2	history	history	NOUN
edu-4685	205	3	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	205	4	japan	japan	PROPN
edu-4685	205	5	’s	’s	PART
edu-4685	205	6	educational	educational	ADJ
edu-4685	205	7	development	development	NOUN
edu-4685	205	8	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	206	1	tokyo	tokyo	PROPN
edu-4685	206	2	:	:	PUNCT
edu-4685	207	1	jica	jica	PROPN
edu-4685	207	2	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	208	1	kariya	kariya	PROPN
edu-4685	208	2	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	208	3	t.	t.	PROPN
edu-4685	208	4	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	208	5	&	&	CCONJ
edu-4685	208	6	rappleye	rappleye	NOUN
edu-4685	208	7	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	208	8	j.	j.	PROPN
edu-4685	208	9	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	208	10	2010	2010	NUM
edu-4685	208	11	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	208	12	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	209	1	the	the	DET
edu-4685	209	2	twisted	twisted	ADJ
edu-4685	209	3	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	209	4	unintended	unintended	ADJ
edu-4685	209	5	impacts	impact	NOUN
edu-4685	209	6	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	209	7	globalization	globalization	NOUN
edu-4685	209	8	on	on	ADP
edu-4685	209	9	japanese	japanese	ADJ
edu-4685	209	10	education	education	NOUN
edu-4685	209	11	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	209	12	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	209	13	e.	e.	PROPN
edu-4685	209	14	hannum	hannum	PROPN
edu-4685	209	15	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	209	16	h.	h.	PROPN
edu-4685	209	17	park	park	PROPN
edu-4685	209	18	&	&	CCONJ
edu-4685	209	19	y.	y.	PROPN
edu-4685	209	20	goto	goto	PROPN
edu-4685	209	21	butler	butler	PROPN
edu-4685	209	22	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	209	23	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	209	24	eds	ed	NOUN
edu-4685	209	25	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	209	26	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	209	27	globalization	globalization	NOUN
edu-4685	209	28	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	209	29	changing	change	VERB
edu-4685	209	30	demographics	demographic	NOUN
edu-4685	209	31	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	209	32	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	209	33	educational	educational	ADJ
edu-4685	209	34	challenges	challenge	NOUN
edu-4685	209	35	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	209	36	east	east	PROPN
edu-4685	209	37	asia	asia	PROPN
edu-4685	209	38	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	209	39	research	research	NOUN
edu-4685	209	40	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	209	41	the	the	DET
edu-4685	209	42	sociology	sociology	NOUN
edu-4685	209	43	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	209	44	education	education	NOUN
edu-4685	209	45	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	209	46	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	210	1	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	210	2	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	210	3	vol	vol	NOUN
edu-4685	210	4	.	.	PROPN
edu-4685	210	5	17	17	NUM
edu-4685	210	6	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	210	7	pp	pp	ADJ
edu-4685	210	8	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	210	9	17	17	NUM
edu-4685	210	10	-	-	SYM
edu-4685	210	11	63	63	NUM
edu-4685	210	12	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	210	13	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	211	1	bingley	bingley	PROPN
edu-4685	211	2	:	:	PUNCT
edu-4685	211	3	emerald	emerald	PROPN
edu-4685	211	4	group	group	PROPN
edu-4685	211	5	publishing	publishing	PROPN
edu-4685	211	6	limited	limit	VERB
edu-4685	211	7	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	212	1	kita	kita	PROPN
edu-4685	212	2	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	212	3	a.	a.	PROPN
edu-4685	212	4	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	212	5	&	&	CCONJ
edu-4685	212	6	miura	miura	PROPN
edu-4685	212	7	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	212	8	t.	t.	PROPN
edu-4685	212	9	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	212	10	2010	2010	NUM
edu-4685	212	11	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	212	12	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	213	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	213	2	will	will	AUX
edu-4685	213	3	not	not	PART
edu-4685	213	4	be	be	AUX
edu-4685	213	5	raised	raise	VERB
edu-4685	213	6	by	by	ADP
edu-4685	213	7	the	the	DET
edu-4685	213	8	teacher	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	213	9	license	license	NOUN
edu-4685	213	10	renewal	renewal	NOUN
edu-4685	213	11	syste	syste	NOUN
edu-4685	213	12	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	214	1	tokyo	tokyo	PROPN
edu-4685	214	2	:	:	PUNCT
edu-4685	214	3	iwanami	iwanami	PROPN
edu-4685	214	4	shoten	shoten	PROPN
edu-4685	214	5	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	215	1	mainichi	mainichi	PROPN
edu-4685	215	2	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	215	3	s.	s.	PROPN
edu-4685	215	4	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	215	5	2019	2019	NUM
edu-4685	215	6	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	215	7	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	216	1	it	it	PRON
edu-4685	216	2	’s	’	VERB
edu-4685	216	3	unknown	unknown	ADJ
edu-4685	216	4	whether16,000	whether16,000	PROPN
edu-4685	216	5	school	school	NOUN
edu-4685	216	6	-	-	PUNCT
edu-4685	216	7	age	age	NOUN
edu-4685	216	8	foreign	foreign	ADJ
edu-4685	216	9	national	national	ADJ
edu-4685	216	10	children	child	NOUN
edu-4685	216	11	attend	attend	VERB
edu-4685	216	12	school	school	NOUN
edu-4685	216	13	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	217	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
edu-4685	217	2	from	from	ADP
edu-4685	217	3	https://mainichi.jp/articles/20190106/k00/00m/040/148000c	https://mainichi.jp/articles/20190106/k00/00m/040/148000c	PROPN
edu-4685	217	4	mainichi	mainichi	PROPN
edu-4685	217	5	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	217	6	s.	s.	PROPN
edu-4685	217	7	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	217	8	2022	2022	NUM
edu-4685	217	9	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	217	10	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	218	1	a	a	DET
edu-4685	218	2	different	different	ADJ
edu-4685	218	3	training	training	NOUN
edu-4685	218	4	program	program	NOUN
edu-4685	218	5	to	to	PART
edu-4685	218	6	replace	replace	VERB
edu-4685	218	7	the	the	DET
edu-4685	218	8	teacher	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	218	9	license	license	NOUN
edu-4685	218	10	renewal	renewal	NOUN
edu-4685	218	11	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	218	12	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	219	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
edu-4685	219	2	from	from	ADP
edu-4685	219	3	https://mainichi.jp/articles/20220627/k00/00m/040/208000c	https://mainichi.jp/articles/20220627/k00/00m/040/208000c	PROPN
edu-4685	219	4	makinae	makinae	PROPN
edu-4685	219	5	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	219	6	n.	n.	NOUN
edu-4685	219	7	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	219	8	2019	2019	NUM
edu-4685	219	9	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	219	10	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	220	1	the	the	DET
edu-4685	220	2	origin	origin	NOUN
edu-4685	220	3	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	220	4	development	development	NOUN
edu-4685	220	5	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	220	6	lesson	lesson	NOUN
edu-4685	220	7	study	study	NOUN
edu-4685	220	8	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	220	9	japan	japan	PROPN
edu-4685	220	10	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	221	1	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	221	2	:	:	PUNCT
edu-4685	221	3	r.	r.	PROPN
edu-4685	221	4	huang	huang	PROPN
edu-4685	221	5	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	221	6	a.	a.	PROPN
edu-4685	221	7	takahashi	takahashi	PROPN
edu-4685	221	8	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	221	9	&	&	CCONJ
edu-4685	221	10	j.	j.	PROPN
edu-4685	221	11	p.	p.	PROPN
edu-4685	221	12	da	da	PROPN
edu-4685	221	13	ponte	ponte	PROPN
edu-4685	221	14	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	221	15	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	221	16	eds	ed	NOUN
edu-4685	221	17	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	221	18	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	221	19	theory	theory	NOUN
edu-4685	221	20	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	221	21	practice	practice	NOUN
edu-4685	221	22	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	221	23	lesson	lesson	NOUN
edu-4685	221	24	study	study	NOUN
edu-4685	221	25	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	221	26	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
edu-4685	221	27	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	222	1	advances	advance	NOUN
edu-4685	222	2	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	222	3	mathematics	mathematic	NOUN
edu-4685	222	4	education	education	NOUN
edu-4685	222	5	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	223	1	cham	cham	PROPN
edu-4685	223	2	:	:	PUNCT
edu-4685	223	3	springer	springer	NOUN
edu-4685	223	4	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	224	1	mext	mext	PROPN
edu-4685	224	2	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	225	1	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	225	2	2012	2012	NUM
edu-4685	225	3	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	225	4	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	226	1	overview	overview	NOUN
edu-4685	226	2	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	226	3	the	the	DET
edu-4685	226	4	teacher	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	226	5	license	license	NOUN
edu-4685	226	6	renewal	renewal	NOUN
edu-4685	226	7	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	226	8	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	227	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
edu-4685	227	2	from	from	ADP
edu-4685	227	3	https://www.mext.go.jp/a_menu/shotou/koushin/001/1316077.htm	https://www.mext.go.jp/a_menu/shotou/koushin/001/1316077.htm	PROPN
edu-4685	227	4	mext	mext	NOUN
edu-4685	227	5	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	228	1	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	228	2	n.d	n.d	PROPN
edu-4685	228	3	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	228	4	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	229	1	the	the	DET
edu-4685	229	2	possibilities	possibility	NOUN
edu-4685	229	3	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	229	4	the	the	DET
edu-4685	229	5	teacher	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	229	6	license	license	NOUN
edu-4685	229	7	renewal	renewal	NOUN
edu-4685	229	8	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	229	9	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	230	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
edu-4685	230	2	from	from	ADP
edu-4685	230	3	https://www.mext.go.jp/b_menu/shingi/chukyo/chukyo0/toushin/020202/020202d.htm	https://www.mext.go.jp/b_menu/shingi/chukyo/chukyo0/toushin/020202/020202d.htm	PROPN
edu-4685	230	4	nagashima	nagashima	NOUN
edu-4685	230	5	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	230	6	a.	a.	PROPN
edu-4685	230	7	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	230	8	&	&	CCONJ
edu-4685	230	9	sakuma	sakuma	PROPN
edu-4685	230	10	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	230	11	y.	y.	PROPN
edu-4685	230	12	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	230	13	2018	2018	NUM
edu-4685	230	14	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	230	15	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	231	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	231	2	career	career	NOUN
edu-4685	231	3	development	development	NOUN
edu-4685	231	4	process	process	NOUN
edu-4685	231	5	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	231	6	extracurricular	extracurricular	ADJ
edu-4685	231	7	activity	activity	NOUN
edu-4685	231	8	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	231	9	japan	japan	PROPN
edu-4685	231	10	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	232	1	soka	soka	PROPN
edu-4685	232	2	university	university	PROPN
edu-4685	232	3	kyōikugaku	kyōikugaku	PROPN
edu-4685	232	4	ronshu	ronshu	NOUN
edu-4685	232	5	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	232	6	70	70	NUM
edu-4685	232	7	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	232	8	61	61	NUM
edu-4685	232	9	-	-	SYM
edu-4685	232	10	76	76	NUM
edu-4685	232	11	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	233	1	nakai	nakai	PROPN
edu-4685	233	2	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	233	3	k.	k.	PROPN
edu-4685	233	4	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	233	5	2012	2012	NUM
edu-4685	233	6	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	233	7	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	234	1	the	the	DET
edu-4685	234	2	debate	debate	NOUN
edu-4685	234	3	over	over	ADP
edu-4685	234	4	japan	japan	PROPN
edu-4685	234	5	’s	’s	PART
edu-4685	234	6	economic	economic	ADJ
edu-4685	234	7	decline	decline	NOUN
edu-4685	234	8	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	234	9	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
edu-4685	234	10	from	from	ADP
edu-4685	234	11	https://www.nippon.com/en/in-depth/a00601	https://www.nippon.com/en/in-depth/a00601	PROPN
edu-4685	234	12	nakayama	nakayama	PROPN
edu-4685	234	13	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	234	14	n.	n.	NOUN
edu-4685	234	15	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	234	16	takagi	takagi	PROPN
edu-4685	234	17	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	234	18	a.	a.	PROPN
edu-4685	234	19	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	234	20	&	&	CCONJ
edu-4685	234	21	imamura	imamura	PROPN
edu-4685	234	22	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	234	23	h.	h.	PROPN
edu-4685	234	24	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	234	25	2010	2010	NUM
edu-4685	234	26	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	234	27	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	235	1	teacher	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	235	2	certification	certification	NOUN
edu-4685	235	3	renewal	renewal	NOUN
edu-4685	235	4	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	235	5	:	:	PUNCT
edu-4685	235	6	an	an	DET
edu-4685	235	7	analysis	analysis	NOUN
edu-4685	235	8	based	base	VERB
edu-4685	235	9	on	on	ADP
edu-4685	235	10	a	a	DET
edu-4685	235	11	nation	nation	NOUN
edu-4685	235	12	-	-	PUNCT
edu-4685	235	13	wide	wide	ADJ
edu-4685	235	14	survey	survey	NOUN
edu-4685	235	15	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	235	16	japanese	japanese	ADJ
edu-4685	235	17	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	235	18	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	235	19	english	english	PROPN
edu-4685	235	20	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	236	1	educational	educational	ADJ
edu-4685	236	2	perspectives	perspective	NOUN
edu-4685	236	3	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	236	4	43(1/2	43(1/2	NOUN
edu-4685	236	5	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	236	6	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	236	7	28	28	NUM
edu-4685	236	8	-	-	SYM
edu-4685	236	9	37	37	NUM
edu-4685	236	10	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	236	11	rappleye	rappleye	NOUN
edu-4685	236	12	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	236	13	j.	j.	PROPN
edu-4685	236	14	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	236	15	&	&	CCONJ
edu-4685	236	16	komatsu	komatsu	PROPN
edu-4685	236	17	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	236	18	h.	h.	PROPN
edu-4685	236	19	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	236	20	2017	2017	NUM
edu-4685	236	21	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	236	22	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	237	1	how	how	SCONJ
edu-4685	237	2	to	to	PART
edu-4685	237	3	make	make	VERB
edu-4685	237	4	lesson	lesson	NOUN
edu-4685	237	5	study	study	NOUN
edu-4685	237	6	work	work	NOUN
edu-4685	237	7	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	237	8	america	america	PROPN
edu-4685	237	9	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	237	10	worldwide	worldwide	ADV
edu-4685	237	11	:	:	PUNCT
edu-4685	237	12	a	a	DET
edu-4685	237	13	japanese	japanese	ADJ
edu-4685	237	14	perspective	perspective	NOUN
edu-4685	237	15	on	on	ADP
edu-4685	237	16	the	the	DET
edu-4685	237	17	onto	onto	ADP
edu-4685	237	18	-	-	PUNCT
edu-4685	237	19	cultural	cultural	ADJ
edu-4685	237	20	basis	basis	NOUN
edu-4685	237	21	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	237	22	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	237	23	teacher	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	237	24	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	237	25	education	education	NOUN
edu-4685	237	26	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	238	1	research	research	NOUN
edu-4685	238	2	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	238	3	comparative	comparative	ADJ
edu-4685	238	4	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	238	5	international	international	ADJ
edu-4685	238	6	education	education	NOUN
edu-4685	238	7	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	238	8	12(4	12(4	NUM
edu-4685	238	9	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	238	10	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	238	11	398	398	NUM
edu-4685	238	12	-	-	SYM
edu-4685	238	13	430	430	NUM
edu-4685	238	14	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	239	1	https://doi.org/10.1177/1745499917740656	https://doi.org/10.1177/1745499917740656	NUM
edu-4685	239	2	sakuma	sakuma	NOUN
edu-4685	239	3	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	239	4	a.	a.	NOUN
edu-4685	239	5	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	239	6	2007	2007	NUM
edu-4685	239	7	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	239	8	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	240	1	why	why	SCONJ
edu-4685	240	2	do	do	AUX
edu-4685	240	3	we	we	PRON
edu-4685	240	4	need	need	VERB
edu-4685	240	5	a	a	DET
edu-4685	240	6	teacher	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	240	7	license	license	NOUN
edu-4685	240	8	renewal	renewal	NOUN
edu-4685	240	9	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	240	10	now	now	ADV
edu-4685	240	11	?	?	PUNCT
edu-4685	241	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	241	2	being	be	AUX
edu-4685	241	3	swayed	sway	VERB
edu-4685	241	4	by	by	ADP
edu-4685	241	5	popularism	popularism	NOUN
edu-4685	241	6	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	242	1	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	242	2	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	242	3	pp	pp	ADJ
edu-4685	242	4	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	242	5	121	121	NUM
edu-4685	242	6	-	-	SYM
edu-4685	242	7	130	130	NUM
edu-4685	242	8	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	242	9	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	243	1	tokyo	tokyo	PROPN
edu-4685	243	2	:	:	PUNCT
edu-4685	243	3	iwanami	iwanami	PROPN
edu-4685	243	4	shoten	shoten	PROPN
edu-4685	243	5	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	244	1	schleicher	schleicher	ADJ
edu-4685	244	2	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	244	3	a.	a.	NOUN
edu-4685	244	4	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	244	5	2019	2019	NUM
edu-4685	244	6	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	244	7	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	245	1	10	10	NUM
edu-4685	245	2	global	global	ADJ
edu-4685	245	3	megatrends	megatrend	NOUN
edu-4685	245	4	facing	face	VERB
edu-4685	245	5	education	education	NOUN
edu-4685	245	6	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	246	1	bbc	bbc	PROPN
edu-4685	246	2	online	online	PROPN
edu-4685	246	3	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	247	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
edu-4685	247	2	from	from	ADP
edu-4685	247	3	https://www.bbc.com/news/business-47030362	https://www.bbc.com/news/business-47030362	PROPN
edu-4685	247	4	shirota	shirota	NOUN
edu-4685	247	5	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	247	6	a.	a.	NOUN
edu-4685	247	7	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	247	8	2012	2012	NUM
edu-4685	247	9	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	247	10	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	248	1	education	education	NOUN
edu-4685	248	2	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	248	3	japan	japan	PROPN
edu-4685	248	4	:	:	PUNCT
edu-4685	248	5	the	the	DET
edu-4685	248	6	view	view	NOUN
edu-4685	248	7	from	from	ADP
edu-4685	248	8	the	the	DET
edu-4685	248	9	classroom	classroom	NOUN
edu-4685	248	10	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	249	1	nippon.com	nippon.com	X
edu-4685	249	2	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	250	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
edu-4685	250	2	from	from	ADP
edu-4685	250	3	https://www.nippon.com/en/currents/d00012/	https://www.nippon.com/en/currents/d00012/	PROPN
edu-4685	250	4	stevenson	stevenson	PROPN
edu-4685	250	5	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	250	6	h.	h.	PROPN
edu-4685	250	7	w.	w.	PROPN
edu-4685	250	8	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	250	9	&	&	CCONJ
edu-4685	250	10	stigler	stigler	NOUN
edu-4685	250	11	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	250	12	j.	j.	PROPN
edu-4685	250	13	w.	w.	PROPN
edu-4685	250	14	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	250	15	1992	1992	NUM
edu-4685	250	16	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	250	17	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	251	1	the	the	DET
edu-4685	251	2	learning	learn	VERB
edu-4685	251	3	gap	gap	NOUN
edu-4685	251	4	:	:	PUNCT
edu-4685	251	5	why	why	SCONJ
edu-4685	251	6	our	our	PRON
edu-4685	251	7	schools	school	NOUN
edu-4685	251	8	are	be	AUX
edu-4685	251	9	failing	fail	VERB
edu-4685	251	10	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	251	11	what	what	PRON
edu-4685	251	12	we	we	PRON
edu-4685	251	13	can	can	AUX
edu-4685	251	14	learn	learn	VERB
edu-4685	251	15	from	from	ADP
edu-4685	251	16	japanese	japanese	ADJ
edu-4685	251	17	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	251	18	chinese	chinese	ADJ
edu-4685	251	19	education	education	NOUN
edu-4685	251	20	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	252	1	new	new	PROPN
edu-4685	252	2	york	york	PROPN
edu-4685	252	3	:	:	PUNCT
edu-4685	252	4	summit	summit	NOUN
edu-4685	252	5	books	book	NOUN
edu-4685	252	6	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	253	1	stigler	stigler	NOUN
edu-4685	253	2	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	253	3	j.	j.	PROPN
edu-4685	253	4	w.	w.	PROPN
edu-4685	253	5	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	253	6	&	&	CCONJ
edu-4685	253	7	hiebert	hiebert	PROPN
edu-4685	253	8	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	253	9	j.	j.	PROPN
edu-4685	253	10	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	253	11	1999	1999	NUM
edu-4685	253	12	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	253	13	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	254	1	the	the	DET
edu-4685	254	2	teaching	teaching	NOUN
edu-4685	254	3	gap	gap	NOUN
edu-4685	254	4	:	:	PUNCT
edu-4685	254	5	best	good	ADJ
edu-4685	254	6	ideas	idea	NOUN
edu-4685	254	7	from	from	ADP
edu-4685	254	8	the	the	DET
edu-4685	254	9	world	world	NOUN
edu-4685	254	10	’s	’s	PART
edu-4685	254	11	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	254	12	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	254	13	improving	improve	VERB
edu-4685	254	14	education	education	NOUN
edu-4685	254	15	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	254	16	the	the	DET
edu-4685	254	17	classroom	classroom	NOUN
edu-4685	254	18	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	255	1	new	new	PROPN
edu-4685	255	2	york	york	PROPN
edu-4685	255	3	:	:	PUNCT
edu-4685	255	4	free	free	ADJ
edu-4685	255	5	press	press	NOUN
edu-4685	255	6	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	256	1	the	the	DET
edu-4685	256	2	economist	economist	NOUN
edu-4685	256	3	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	257	1	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	257	2	2019	2019	NUM
edu-4685	257	3	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	257	4	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	258	1	japanese	japanese	ADJ
edu-4685	258	2	schools	school	NOUN
edu-4685	258	3	are	be	AUX
edu-4685	258	4	struggling	struggle	VERB
edu-4685	258	5	with	with	ADP
edu-4685	258	6	foreign	foreign	ADJ
edu-4685	258	7	pupils	pupil	NOUN
edu-4685	258	8	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	259	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
edu-4685	259	2	from	from	ADP
edu-4685	259	3	https://www.economist.com/asia/2019/12/12/japanese-schools-are-struggling-with-foreign-pupils	https://www.economist.com/asia/2019/12/12/japanese-schools-are-struggling-with-foreign-pupil	NOUN
edu-4685	259	4	tsuneyoshi	tsuneyoshi	NOUN
edu-4685	259	5	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	259	6	r.	r.	PROPN
edu-4685	259	7	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	259	8	2017	2017	NUM
edu-4685	259	9	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	259	10	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	260	1	the	the	DET
edu-4685	260	2	internationalization	internationalization	NOUN
edu-4685	260	3	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	260	4	tokkatsu	tokkatsu	NOUN
edu-4685	260	5	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	261	1	contribution	contribution	NOUN
edu-4685	261	2	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	261	3	the	the	DET
edu-4685	261	4	japan	japan	PROPN
edu-4685	261	5	special	special	PROPN
edu-4685	261	6	katsudo	katsudo	PROPN
edu-4685	261	7	society	society	NOUN
edu-4685	261	8	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	261	9	25	25	NUM
edu-4685	261	10	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	261	11	19	19	NUM
edu-4685	261	12	-	-	SYM
edu-4685	261	13	21	21	NUM
edu-4685	261	14	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	262	1	tsuneyoshi	tsuneyoshi	PROPN
edu-4685	262	2	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	262	3	r.	r.	PROPN
edu-4685	262	4	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	262	5	2018	2018	NUM
edu-4685	262	6	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	262	7	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	263	1	exceptionalism	exceptionalism	NOUN
edu-4685	263	2	”	"	PUNCT
edu-4685	263	3	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	263	4	japanese	japanese	ADJ
edu-4685	263	5	education	education	NOUN
edu-4685	263	6	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	263	7	its	its	PRON
edu-4685	263	8	implications	implication	NOUN
edu-4685	263	9	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	263	10	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	263	11	r.	r.	PROPN
edu-4685	263	12	tsuneyoshi	tsuneyoshi	PROPN
edu-4685	263	13	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	263	14	ed	ed	NOUN
edu-4685	263	15	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	263	16	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	263	17	globalization	globalization	NOUN
edu-4685	263	18	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	263	19	japanese	japanese	ADJ
edu-4685	263	20	“	"	PUNCT
edu-4685	263	21	exceptionalism	exceptionalism	NOUN
edu-4685	263	22	”	"	PUNCT
edu-4685	263	23	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	263	24	education	education	NOUN
edu-4685	263	25	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	264	1	new	new	PROPN
edu-4685	264	2	york	york	PROPN
edu-4685	264	3	:	:	PUNCT
edu-4685	265	1	routledge	routledge	PROPN
edu-4685	265	2	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	265	3	tsuneyoshi	tsuneyoshi	PROPN
edu-4685	265	4	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	265	5	r.	r.	PROPN
edu-4685	265	6	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	265	7	2020	2020	NUM
edu-4685	265	8	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	265	9	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	266	1	tokkatsu	tokkatsu	VERB
edu-4685	266	2	the	the	DET
edu-4685	266	3	japanese	japanese	ADJ
edu-4685	266	4	educational	educational	ADJ
edu-4685	266	5	model	model	NOUN
edu-4685	266	6	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	266	7	holistic	holistic	ADJ
edu-4685	266	8	education	education	NOUN
edu-4685	266	9	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	267	1	new	new	PROPN
edu-4685	267	2	york	york	PROPN
edu-4685	267	3	:	:	PUNCT
edu-4685	267	4	world	world	NOUN
edu-4685	267	5	scientific	scientific	PROPN
edu-4685	267	6	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	268	1	wada	wada	PROPN
edu-4685	268	2	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	268	3	m.	m.	NOUN
edu-4685	268	4	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	268	5	&	&	CCONJ
edu-4685	268	6	burnett	burnett	PROPN
edu-4685	268	7	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	268	8	b.	b.	PROPN
edu-4685	268	9	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	268	10	2011	2011	NUM
edu-4685	268	11	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	268	12	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	269	1	yutori	yutori	PROPN
edu-4685	269	2	kyoiku	kyoiku	PROPN
edu-4685	269	3	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	269	4	the	the	DET
edu-4685	269	5	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN
edu-4685	269	6	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	269	7	recent	recent	ADJ
edu-4685	269	8	neo	neo	ADJ
edu-4685	269	9	-	-	ADJ
edu-4685	269	10	liberal	liberal	ADJ
edu-4685	269	11	reforms	reform	NOUN
edu-4685	269	12	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	269	13	japanese	japanese	ADJ
edu-4685	269	14	higher	high	ADJ
edu-4685	269	15	education	education	NOUN
edu-4685	269	16	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	270	1	bulletin	bulletin	NOUN
edu-4685	270	2	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	270	3	center	center	NOUN
edu-4685	270	4	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	270	5	the	the	DET
edu-4685	270	6	research	research	NOUN
edu-4685	270	7	and	and	CCONJ
edu-4685	270	8	support	support	NOUN
edu-4685	270	9	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	270	10	educational	educational	ADJ
edu-4685	270	11	practice	practice	NOUN
edu-4685	270	12	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	270	13	7	7	NUM
edu-4685	270	14	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	270	15	69	69	NUM
edu-4685	270	16	-	-	SYM
edu-4685	270	17	78	78	NUM
edu-4685	270	18	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	271	1	yamada	yamada	PROPN
edu-4685	271	2	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	271	3	h.	h.	PROPN
edu-4685	271	4	(	(	PUNCT
edu-4685	271	5	2021	2021	NUM
edu-4685	271	6	)	)	PUNCT
edu-4685	271	7	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	272	1	teachers	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	272	2	’	’	PART
edu-4685	272	3	attitudes	attitude	NOUN
edu-4685	272	4	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	272	5	the	the	DET
edu-4685	272	6	end	end	NOUN
edu-4685	272	7	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	272	8	the	the	DET
edu-4685	272	9	teacher	teacher	NOUN
edu-4685	272	10	license	license	NOUN
edu-4685	272	11	renewal	renewal	NOUN
edu-4685	272	12	system	system	NOUN
edu-4685	272	13	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	273	1	hiroshima	hiroshima	PROPN
edu-4685	273	2	university	university	PROPN
edu-4685	273	3	graduate	graduate	PROPN
edu-4685	273	4	school	school	PROPN
edu-4685	273	5	human	human	PROPN
edu-4685	273	6	society	society	PROPN
edu-4685	273	7	kagakukenkyuka	kagakukenkyuka	PROPN
edu-4685	273	8	kiyō	kiyō	PROPN
edu-4685	273	9	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	273	10	2	2	NUM
edu-4685	273	11	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	273	12	159	159	NUM
edu-4685	273	13	-	-	SYM
edu-4685	273	14	166	166	NUM
edu-4685	273	15	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	274	1	asian	asian	ADJ
edu-4685	274	2	online	online	PROPN
edu-4685	274	3	journal	journal	PROPN
edu-4685	274	4	publishing	publishing	NOUN
edu-4685	274	5	group	group	NOUN
edu-4685	274	6	is	be	AUX
edu-4685	274	7	not	not	PART
edu-4685	274	8	responsible	responsible	ADJ
edu-4685	274	9	or	or	CCONJ
edu-4685	274	10	answerable	answerable	ADJ
edu-4685	274	11	for	for	ADP
edu-4685	274	12	any	any	DET
edu-4685	274	13	loss	loss	NOUN
edu-4685	274	14	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	274	15	damage	damage	NOUN
edu-4685	274	16	or	or	CCONJ
edu-4685	274	17	liability	liability	NOUN
edu-4685	274	18	,	,	PUNCT
edu-4685	274	19	etc	etc	X
edu-4685	274	20	.	.	X
edu-4685	274	21	caused	cause	VERB
edu-4685	274	22	in	in	ADP
edu-4685	274	23	relation	relation	NOUN
edu-4685	274	24	to	to	PART
edu-4685	274	25	/	/	PUNCT
edu-4685	274	26	arising	arise	VERB
edu-4685	274	27	out	out	ADP
edu-4685	274	28	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	274	29	the	the	DET
edu-4685	274	30	use	use	NOUN
edu-4685	274	31	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	274	32	the	the	DET
edu-4685	274	33	content	content	NOUN
edu-4685	274	34	.	.	PUNCT
edu-4685	275	1	any	any	DET
edu-4685	275	2	queries	query	NOUN
edu-4685	275	3	should	should	AUX
edu-4685	275	4	be	be	AUX
edu-4685	275	5	directed	direct	VERB
edu-4685	275	6	to	to	ADP
edu-4685	275	7	the	the	DET
edu-4685	275	8	corresponding	corresponding	ADJ
edu-4685	275	9	author	author	NOUN
edu-4685	275	10	of	of	ADP
edu-4685	275	11	the	the	DET
edu-4685	275	12	article	article	NOUN
edu-4685	275	13	.	.	PUNCT
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