id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentence	flesch	summary	cache	txt
ajfa-10878	Mustafa, Aree Saeed; Che-Ahmad, Ayoib; Chandren, Sitraselvi a/p	Ownership Patterns and Control of Top 100 Turkish Listed Companies	2017	18	.pdf	application/pdf	7320	376	53	The divergence between controls rights (voting rights) and ownership rights (cash flow rights) relay on the length of the control-ownership chains of the pyramidal ownership structure. The study results indicate that the divergence between cash rights and control rights (wedge)in the top 100 Turkish firms is mainly achieved through pyramidal-ownership structure, dual class shares, Asian Journal of Finance & Accounting ISSN 1946-052X 2017, Vol. 9, No. 1 ajfa.macrothink.org 193 and cross-ownership at about 41%, 40% and 11%, respectively, while approximately 8% of firms do not use wedge.	cache/ajfa-10878.pdf	txt/ajfa-10878.txt