id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentence	flesch	summary	cache	txt
ajfa-431	Kung, Fan-Hua; Cheng, Chia-Ling; James, Kieran	Effects of Corporate Ownership Structure on Earnings Conservatism	2010	21	.pdf	application/pdf	7979	396	45	We employ the concept of conditional conservatism to define earnings conservatism and adopt empirical models developed by Basu (1997) and Ball and Shivakumar (2005) to measure the degree of earnings conservatism. Consistent with prior studies, this point demonstrates that the companies with state and concentrated ownership structures are more likely to depend on private communication to reduce information asymmetry and to resolve agency problems internally, thereby creating a low demand for earnings conservatism.	cache/ajfa-431.pdf	txt/ajfa-431.txt