Baltic Journal of Economic Studies

Vol. 1, No. 2, 2015

FORMATION AND IMPLEMENTATION
OF PUBLIC NEEDS AS A MEASURE OF IMPROVEMENT

OF SOCIETY TERRITORIAL ORGANIZATION
Larysa BOGUSH1,

Institute of Demography and Social Studies of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Ukraine

Abstract. The purpose of the paper is to study the relationship of the formation and implementation of the range of
social needs with the evolution and activity is focused on the improvement of the territorial organization of society.
Methodology of research involves: the substantiation of the origin, factors for the development, approaches to clas-
sification, functions of public needs in the development of state and society; the study of the socio-humanitarian
space of formation and realization of the needs of individuals, functional and territorial communities, as well as a
mechanism of their satisfaction at the national and spatial scales (on the example of Ukraine – a country with a
developing economy, wherein the decentralization of powers in the field social welfare and consolidation of local
communities are implemented at present). Results. Summarized and proved the patterns and trends of develop-
ment, evolution, transformation of needs of social groups, functional and territorial communities of the population,
as well as the relationship of these processes with the economic and institutional capacities and mechanisms of
satisfaction of the spectrum of social needs in consideration of peculiarities, achieved and desired parameters of
development of productive forces, human and other components of the social and humanitarian potential, cultural
features of the society. The development of the institutional, functional and territorial organization of society, in
fact, is a process of formation and implementation in the range of human needs (individual and collective), which
is estimated with the factors, conditions and mechanisms of their satisfaction, including through the dynamics of
the positions of the spectrum of social groups and subjects concerning the required amount of vital goods con-
sumption. Practical implications. Social and political transformation stimulates the establishment of the multidirec-
tional formation in the Ukrainian economy of public goods, combining public and private (private commercial and
non-profit) enterprises, institutions, organizations, that: provide services to the various strata of the population,
which normalized within social guarantees volume and quality (based on public procurement, temporary contracts
and corporate contacts, supported in the case of fulfillment of the conditions of resource intensity, the volume of
budget financing, quality, terms of providing goods and services); are coordinated by budgetary and fiscal policy.
Significant factors of development of local communities and improvement of the investment climate in the regions
are: the provision of social mobility (basis – an adequate level of personal incomes, the implementation of state
policy for employment creation and assistance in the household arrangement of hired employees); socio-economic
activation of the population (through the promotion of entrepreneurship, self-employment and innovation activity
of business entities, labor migrations, improvement of professional and qualification potential of labor resources).
Value/originality. Regulation of the organizational and economic mechanism of implementation of legislative guar-
antees for consumption of socially necessary services, satisfaction of the individualized needs of the Ukrainian pop-
ulation, will contribute to: the improvement of the territorial organization of social infrastructure in accordance
with the goals of the reform of administrative structure and enhancement the of the social powers of local budgets;
increase of the effectiveness in processes of reproduction and the capitalization of socio-humanitarian potential.

Key words: public needs, social capital, welfare economics, public guarantees, socio-humanitarian space, territorial
organization of society.

JEL Classification: D6, E61, H4, H54, I3, O15

Corresponding author:
1 Department of Social Infrastructure, Institute of Demography and Social Studies of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine.
E-mail: bogush_lg@ukr.net

Baltic Journal of Economic Studies

Vol. 1, No. 2, 2015

1. Introduction
Social needs in their individual, collective, territorial

and public measurements are permanent leading factor
and indicator of socioeconomic development (including
aspects of reproduction and capitalization of socio-
humanistic potential, providing and improvement
of organizational and economic mechanism, social
services and protection of population). The reason of
rapid development of social security system and social
insurance, fast accumulation of investments for realization
of above said functions and for the world leading countries
from the second half of XX century (as well as expansion
of welfare state idea with characteristics of relevant quality
of life and social security of citizens) is seen in necessity
of increasing legitimacy of development model realized
by present-day leaders of global economy. In particular, it
is about versatile assistance to the management structure
based on the latest technologies, and the industry focused
on the mass consumer (El’yanov, 2003).

Transformation human and other components of the
social capital into the key factors of socio-economic
progress of the countries at industrial and post-industrial
stages of development confirmed the importance of
social protection in state policy of ensuring stable growth
rates, and components providing of national security (in
particular, to provide public consent). It’s based on the
concepts of socially-oriented market economy and the
social state, policy which is directed on the creation of all-
round conditions of person development and realization of
its potential for worthy life providing with own hands. The
social security is understood as legislatively recorded array
of the social benefits which are undertaken with the state
to make available to the citizens. The contents and basis of
an institutionalizing are seen in social needs of the person
as biosocial creature, exponents’ satisfaction of which
at all levels of society organization (individual, family,
collective, all-civil) and resettlement (local, regional, and
nation-wide), define quality of life.

Taking into account the motives for self-development,
leading world states pay essential attention to regulation
of labour-resources providing of local management
systems, increasing of their functioning efficiency in a way
of innovative realization potential of economically active
population and widening of its productive employment
sphere, supporting of social (including interethnic,
interfaith) stability of territorial communities (Shlihter,
2002; Goffa, 2003; Lexin, Gritsyuk, Lexin, 2005).

In a way, the goal of the paper is the investigation of
process interrelationship of formation and realization of a
social needs range with evolution and purposeful activities
for the territorial organization improvement of society.
It presumes: justification of origin, development factors,
approaches to classification, functions of social needs
for development of the state and society; study of socio-
humanistic space of formation and realization of individual
needs, functional and territorial communities, and also the

mechanism of their satisfaction at the nation-wide and
spatial levels (in particular, on the example of Ukraine
as emerging economies). Considering interdisciplinary
categories, social needs, social capital, formation and
realization of socio-humanistic space, the methodology of
research which assumes generalization and coordination
of the array of socio-anthropological, sociological, socio-
economical, economical and institutional, politological,
culturological approaches which explain regularities and
tendencies of formation, evolution, transformation of
social groups requirements, functional and territorial
communities of population, and also economic and
organizational opportunities, mechanisms of their
satisfaction taking into account features are reached of
parameters in development of productive forces and socio-
cultural environment of society (Bogush, 2013).

2. Origins and functions of social needs
in state and social development

The social needs of individual and population in
present world are dual derivated of their biological and
socially generated components and also above mentioned
conditions and factors of formation and development
of human populations and state society, supranational
administrative formations. Thus, social requirements are
based first of all on the original (primary) human needs
with formation and changes of interpersonal, family,
collective, public relations and interactions of individuals,
social groups and layers evolve into the array of derivative
(quasi) needs are defined with components of subjects
behaviour which individually motivated and socially
caused. Thus certain transformation, conditioned with
standards of behaviour and features of interactions in
society, other cultural influence and ideological factors
continue to develop and suffer with the contents and
mechanisms of satisfaction and natural need of individual.
According to socially-economic approach, the main
part of already mentioned needs (except for especially
physiological), should be classified as the block of primary
bio-social requirements connected with material and
domestic providing, achievement and maintenance of life
safety and environmental activity and also reproduction as
social protection frame and translation of knowledge and
experience within generations.

In the context of civilized development, social needs
(first of all in organization of collective life, self-affirmation
and implementation of leader functions, knowledge,
amateur performance and self-realization) are considered
as the highest goals of society activity which form its own
values, in other words, abstract ideas which realize public
ideals and thanks to it serve as a benchmark (Sydorchuck,
Kozak, 2008). Social values are conviction about goals that
should be achieved which wide known and recognized in
society or social community and also ways and resources
for their realization (Pavlychenko, Litvinenko, 2002).
Therefore the basis of formation and regulatory function of
valuable orientations of personal, establishment of which

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Vol. 1, No. 2, 2015
are an inherent aspect of all human socialization. Hierarchy
of social and community values (the main categories
include: theoretical, economic, political, law, moral,
social, esthetical, and religious) defines the hierarchy of
personal values and significantly influences on the history
of society. Founding on its own values and valuable
orientations, society, state, nation or certain social group
create the standard of behaviour as requirements which
are obligatory in a way of performance for life regulation
and effective society functioning, adjustment of necessary
members interaction (Shchokin, Popovich, Karmazina
and others, 2000). The social norms are produced as
public institute and authorities with the state are presented
with constitutions, laws, the state industry, construction,
sanitary standards and standards, instructions and other.

In the specified context (including aspect of set in life
support systems) it is expedient to consider development
of society, its functional and territorial organization as
history of formation in a circle of personal needs, factors,
conditions and mechanisms of their satisfaction and also
with dynamics of social subjects’ positions of the vital
benefits volume, rather necessary for consumption. In a
way, primary and derivative needs of individuals and social
groups which form society, substantially comprise signs of
mental structures and other properties of these subjects,
significantly influence on architecture, the purposes
and organizational and economic mechanisms of social
and state functioning (thus, such institute based on the
agreement of a certain territorial community concerning
the acceptable forms of the relationship and interaction of
all its groups and layers).

Considering requirements of own safety, a territorial
community, the state and in general society process must
regulate of formation and hierarchization of each their
members’ and social groups needs which appear in the
course of education, work, communication and creativity
in a certain cultural and social environment in process of
acquisition in individual life experience and understanding
of the socio-historical facts and regularities. The reference
point provides rationing and control of corresponding
process needs satisfaction for the established socially
necessary volume and on the political and development
stability.

Social component (characteristics of human resources;
estimates of a demographic situation and criminogenic
risks; indexes of labour and educational capacities of
the region, its consumer market and communication
infrastructure) was approved in estimate techniques of
investment appealing of the countries and regions long
ago, supplementing the indicators resulting from a level
of development and efficiency of the human capital using
(an assessment of economic development and potential,
the characteristic of a level of development of the market
relations and business, including a role in these processes
of local authorities, tax system, financial sector and
potential, market infrastructure) (Umanets, 2006). The
leading selection criteria of the “problem” regions first of

all needing the help to the central power in the sphere of
creation of incentives of self-development (along with
degree of development of production) are admitted
the unemployment rate and prospects of expansion of
employment (Schlichter, 2002; Goffe, 2003; Leksin,
Gritsyuk, Leksin, 2005).

3. Classification, evolutional factors
of social needs

Origin and evolution of human needs and society
(as the highest level of self organization of populations’
living at the certain territory based on the general
population origin and also community of emotional,
language, communicational, professional, legal, and
spiritual types of interaction (Boronoev, Smirnov, 2003)
which found similarities in a list of such models and their
classification. These models (A. Maslow, Zh. Godfrua,
B.V. Prykin, F. Hertsberg, D. McKleland, K. Alderpher and
others) are fully coordinated and interrelated don’t looking
at the difference in in basic types of creation and level of
generalization and considering the principal of primary
needs transformation (Tarnavskaya, Pushkar’, 1997;
Meskon, Albert, Hedowry. 2000; Khramov, Bovtruck,
2001; Kolot, 2002; Hordey, 2003; Oganyan, Palamarchuk,
Rumyantsev and others, 2003).

Beside with actualization of the highest level needs in
the process of full satisfaction in the lowest their types,
mentioned above classification models of social needs,
help to make such conclusions:
– full satisfaction of the lowest level needs, connected
with different aspects of life organization and providing
of life security isn’t the exceptive condition for formation
and needs satisfaction of higher level (intellectual, self
realization and moral development).
– system of human needs in society forms and realizes
with inseparable entire and algorithm in post-industrial
societies and as a rule it doesn’t correspond with on
individual and collective (communal) levels of stable
hierarchy and allow possibility about existence of some
dominate needs;
– actualization of certain needs in the process of their
variety satisfaction can be realized according not only to the
certain socially accepted group or hierarchical algorithm
family but also to the dependence of dynamic, technical
life conditions, material possibilities and morally-ethnical
postulates of person relatively to gradation and needs
satisfaction.
– the influence on value marks, life and development
of personal needs of lower level makes stronger with
existence in society objective and subjective difficulties for
needs satisfaction of the higher level.
– to the objective needs are included first of all difficulties
generated of social system with the attributes of property
separations’ deepening and formation of divisional society
which is characterized with low-paid job for most wage
and self employed workers and also a list of limitations
in ensuring of vertical social mobility of population and

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Vol. 1, No. 2, 2015
territory mobility of legally employed. As the result the
prorated layers of workers and as a particular can’t fully
satisfy needs in competitive able education, creasing of
qualification and retraining, carrier development;
– technical and technological features of countries
development, in the periods of social and economical
irregularity, crisis of researches and natural cataclysms and
others.

Subjective difficulties are connected with psychological
features and individuals and social groups which are
derived from moral and ethical doctrines don’t looking
at level of material prosperity which are dangerous with
consumer-oriented mind attitude, nepotism, decrease in
requirements, lumpenization and asocial marginalization
and as the result – degradation of development potential
of society in the format of existing civil and political order.

Considered above regularity of origin and evolution
of personal and social needs and also ways to their
classification may be generalized with the help of
hierarchical model which includes the next kinds of needs
classified in order of intensification of their evolution and
historical development of human and society:
– physiological, material and common needs (food,
drinking, housing, habitat of acceptable quality, satisfaction
of other physiological and domestic needs including
concerning of a reproduction and the organization of a
desirable lifestyle)
– needs of security (in feeling of the individual security
and communities to which it belongs, in predictability of
personally significant spheres and directions of activity, in
health);
– needs of acquiring and straightening of social status (in
a personal inclusiveness in society and certain community,
in adequate perception around people, including in the
family relations, career, leadership, etc.);
– needs of adoption (achievement of success and
competence, approval and respect);
– informative needs (in knowledge and abilities,
in research, understanding and under-standing, in
accumulation and the analysis of experience);
– moral and religious and esthetical needs (in
harmonization of the personality, society and environment,
in particular in aspects of the organization of conditions
and a way of life);
– needs for self-realization and self-updating (in the
fullest realization and understanding of incentives of self-
development of internal creative, professional and spiritual
potential of the personality, in understanding of social
responsibility)

Considering the hierarchy and content of social needs
array of human, social groups and whole society in general
which socially-economic context must be outlined:
– on a functional purpose in the context of arrangement
of activity and realization of system of values – material
and household and welfare;
– according to historically developed mechanisms of
requirements satisfaction – public (in their structure –

general and socially necessary, formed and realized at the
nation-wide, collective and individual levels), and also
private;
– on emergency for the individual and social groups –
daily, periodic and incidental (it, in turn, created
classification of consumer goods and services with the
specified demand frequency, the territorial organization of
the related economic activity and infrastructure).

The main factors of development and actualization of
social needs are:
– scientific-technological (first of all state level features
of scientific-technological progress, dynamic of modern
circles and technically-technological statute);
– target and productive parameters of social development
macrosystem (features and effective parameters of
differentiation, including division with to property signs,
level and ratio of the monetary and cumulative income,
volumes of consumption of socially necessary material
and household and welfare goods and services; education
level, social and labour mobility of the population in a
regional section; the contents and evolution of approaches
to determination of volumes and structure of a state order
for training of workers and experts, level of compensation,
privileges and social benefits, to the taxation of labour and
investment incomes, rendering primary and specialized
medical care, provision of housing is low and the middle-
paid of layers, the organizations of access to information
sources, spiritual and historical and cultural property);
– culturally-ideological parameters (way of life of social
groups and layers; the inherited and apprehended family,
public and religious installations of worthy socioeconomic
and household activity; the content of ideologies of national
and ethnic self-identification of the population in aspects
of the tolerant attitude towards representatives of other
people, cultures and religions, opportunities and means of
assimilation in society, including the acceptable types and
mechanisms of economic activity and cooperation).

In globalization conditions of socially-economic
processes of states functioning and national management
system (as developing and which got the post-industrial
level of developing) to main evolutional tenders of needs
should be applied in the aspects:

in aspects civilization and society-creativities:
– recognition of people equal rights on physical,
intellectual, spiritual development and socially useful
self-realization, and also a number of basic freedoms of
the personality that provides creation of opportunities
for achievement of a pyramid of requirements by each
individual of top under an indispensable condition of fuller
satisfaction of their basic types in material and household
arrangement and ensuring safety of the environment of
activity;
– globalization of developments, substantial filling and an
hierarchization of needs for borders of the countries, their
political and economic associations, and also on a global
scale along with an individualization of requirements (first
of all the highest);

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Vol. 1, No. 2, 2015
in aspects of political, organizational and economic:

– the constitutional recognition of the state concerning
obligations their satisfaction in so-called socially necessary
volume, formation of the contents and rationing of the
corresponding guarantees that provides in particular
standard and legal and target financial security (including
standardization and control) activity in the sphere of
production of goods and services, and also the development
and improvement of the territorial organization of
infrastructure intended for implementation of these
obligations;
– realization of ideologies of filling of requirements
of the highest levels (informative, in achievement of
professional competence and the social status, satisfaction
with parameters of personal realization) the contents
consolidating society, derivatives of that are maintenance
of political stability and national security, formation of
actual social security systems, creation of potential of
self-development of territorial communities, socially
responsible orientation of business;

in aspect production and technological:
– orientation to industrial technologies of satisfaction
of requirements along with transition from mass to the
individualized consumption of the corresponding goods
and services are organized thanks to marketing of their
markets (as to the integral element of addressing of the
state social security and profitability of business activity),
to development of interactive forms of satisfaction of
requirements (including trade catalogue, electronic
and exit, remote services of education and medical
consultation);
– socially-conscious optimization and reduction of
material and household needs for interests of decreasing
resource-and power consumption of economy, mitigation
of negative anthropogenic effect on environment.

4. Socio-humanitarian space
of social needs realization

The space of social and human (collective and
interpersonal) relationship and connections or socio-
humanitarian which is localized in administratively-
territorial separating with array of immanent and biosocial
human nature and popularity of relationship within
main social institutes families, territorial and functional
civil communities, state economy, the (i.e. between
individuals, their groups and associations on status signs
and the place of residence, subjects of managing and their
associations, institutes of rationing, management and
control of all activities’ spheres) concerning distribution
and consumption of the benefits are created in a social
production (material and non-material), reproduction,
improvement and involvement of productive forces of the
individual in economic activity (first of all her motivations
and remuneration, external and in particular social
efficiency). The purpose of these relations is formation
and maintenance is wished (i.e. recognized expedient
and rational, considering the available natural, material,

human resources and reproduction conditions) social
hierarchy, level and quality of life, the spatial organization
of the environment of activity of society, and also level of
coherence of interests of nationalities and faiths in regional,
general and supranational scales (Bogush, 2010).

The material basis of establishing and functioning
of socio-humanitarian space are such public institutes,
objects, their multipurpose networks and systems which
for achievement, an institutionalizing and expansion of
powers of authority, satisfaction of material and non-
material requirements, an exchange of products of
managing and interaction (with maintenance of certain
levels of communication, trust and consent), accumulation,
an exchange, transfer and converting of knowledge,
cultural experience and heritage, promoting of beliefs and
creativity are created by individuals, collectives, territorial
communities, other communities (voluntary associations)
of compact accommodation, conducting, economic and
culturally-religious activity.

In historical development socio-humanitarian space of
compact living and housing in concrete human population,
the list of steps happens from the array of hierarchically-
humanitarian relationship in family and culturally-
religious community to the system of social relationship
about involvement into the production, reproduction,
improvement and ensuring of full realization of production
possibilities of human. The certain organization of
distribution and consumption, forms the basis of above
said processes which can satisfy the human needs and also
the practice of realizing and participation to this ethnically-
culturally-religious and socially-political heritage and
traditions. It considers the deepening of connections
between social institutes, ensuring of mechanism stability
and tendencies for their interactive, complex of correspond
infrastructure about functional and territorial indicators or
with other words the creation of balanced system of social,
communal and interpersonal relationship and connecting
which defines and leads all spheres of human life.

The synergetic effect of formation and developing of
socio-humanitarian space (which made stronger or fainter
the existent connection and regularities of its functioning
is brightly showed in demographical and ethno-national
processes. The features of all-national identity of population
in certain country in general and concrete citizen are
provided with its’ historical experience, subjective realizing,
dynamic of material position, self-realizing of social status
and other circumstances which may be generalized with
level of life satisfaction (Horshkov, Tikhonova, 2008).
Demographical and ethnographical components of
stability and balance of socio-humanitarian space it’s
useful to under-stand as protection of living process and
endless, natural and social reproduction of generations
as representatives of title nation and racial minorities
which are populated in certain region (country); their
improvement is connected with increasing of life duration;
increasing of demographic reproduction efficiency,
getting a balance between array of national interests and

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Vol. 1, No. 2, 2015
needs, ensuring of ethnographic and gender tolerance and
equivalence (Nikitenko, Solodovnikov, Chernysh, 2008).

Pointed main features of socio-humanitarian space tell
about opportunity of complex research about content,
connections and interactions of its subjects, mechanisms
and forms of organization in territorial and time aspects
which in particular, appear in such important characteristics
of certain territory (local system of resettlement, region,
district, etc.) as:
– level of its saturation with array of material elements
which form and ensure of functioning of socio-
humanitarian space (objects and networks of organization
non-production life with resource potential such as
main founds, financing and staff ). This level is showed
in indicators of their territorial resettlement (namely –
differentiations, concentration, uniformity of placement
in the territory of the population and economic activity
on satisfaction of his material and household and
welfare requirements), which first of all depend on the
organizational form of management and resettlement.
– level of connectedness, in institutional and functional
structures of socio-humanitarian space in local system of
resettlement in region or country in territorial and time
aspect (complexity and quality of nomination and regulation
of activity about realization and improvement of human
production possibilities, distribution and consumption
of material and non-material goods which were created in
social production and satisfy an array of its’ needs; level and
conditions of horizontal and vertical social mobility);
– socially-economical results of activity for satisfaction in
materially-economic and socio-cultural needs; which are
used for estimating of state efficiency.

Institutional characteristics of socio-humanitarian space
are provided with qualities and dynamic of main social
institutes:
– economical (in particular property and coordination of
management activity)
– legal, including dominate institute of recourses
circulation such as material, financial, political and others
thanks of which infrastructure satisfies the non-production
social needs (in the same time the legal institutes service as
indicators of stratification and status structure of society);
– cultural (in the realizing of ways to institutionalization
of moral, ethic, ideology as the basis of formulation and
development of cultural subsystem of socio-humanitarian
space).

5. Mechanism of social needs satisfaction
at the national and territorial level

Actual problems in social ensuring of territorial
community in the conditions of transitional economy is
the disbalance of correspond legislative guaranties, level of
their budgets and non-state financing, incompleteness and
contradictions in normative base of resources supply for
activity of satisfaction in necessary materially-economic
and socially-cultural personal needs and regional
communities, low efficiency of realization mechanism.

The notions of social (socially needed) and private goods
and services are the principal basis of mechanisms of legal
power spreading in state affairs with the satisfaction of
different individual, communal, social levels.

The commercial goods are created with individual and
corporative producers for satisfaction of personal needs
or their voluntary communities and realizing on the free
market in correspondence with connection of supply
and of solvent demand. In a way, the production volumes
of social goods which are used for common (paid and
free) consumptions and are set with the affairs of state
power in dependence on estimation of correspond social
needs which is fixed in legislative guaranties as the result
of historical consensus of social groups and layers (the
coordination of state and social positions at the modern
staged in democratic countries) with the reason of
conditions about social association (state) and ensuring
of stable existence. Market regularities of supply and price
creation of social goods must to be connected only with
correspondence of production spending and volume of
given social (include budget) resources (Knyazev, 2008).

The ensuring of legal order, road building, arrays of
ingénue networks and infrastructure (which is needed
for normal living of society) are especially-social goods
(in mean of undivided by using) (Elyanov, 2003). The list
of socially needed goods may be defined with the actual
social guaranties and legislatively formed standards of their
realization (to rational and minimal norms) and also with
the directions of state interference in market economy with
the purpose of providing of stable management activity,
compensation of problem and negatives of free market. In
such way they include:
– development of education (first of all the rapid
development and providing of common and wide access
to high and secondary education), medical care (include
the balancing of informational streams between producers
on the market of medical services and their consumers),
science and culture which are important for wealth
existence of population, improvement of social capital
components.

Providing of basic (fundamental) of scientific researches,
improvement of transport and communicational
infrastructure with the goal of getting the multiplication
effect with the means of technological innovations and
improvement of production quality in different fields;
– antimonopoly regulation in production and distribution
of energetic, transport and other communicational
services;
– system of social transfers, donations and subsidies;
– special protection within non-inflation regulation
(Elianov, 2003).

Market theory of production location (in particular,
the theory of central places and transactional analysis)
which is the principal for methodology of stable social
development of regions and territory communities admits
goods and services distribution by the bargained and non-
bargained.

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Vol. 1, No. 2, 2015
Goods of long-term using, self fabricated materials,

services in the field of R&D (Research and Development),
medical care, education, banc activity, tourism and among
goods and services of the second category – the land and
real estate objects, services in realization of goods, primary
and secondary education, part of utilities, except for gas
supply and the electric power, and also communication
services, a number of credit and medical services) that
are first goods which may be transported from sender to
recipient (Orekhovsky, 2008).

With the opportunity of transportation, this separation is
based on the differences in the methods of price creation if
in the correlation of bargain goods and services form prices
which are negligibly vary within the country (but close to
worldwide prices in the conditions of open economy),
so prices on non-bargain goods and services are isolated
within local markets and that’s why the interregional prices
between differs in several times (by the world comparing –
in several dozen times). Thus, benefits are generated with
the supply of bargain production which is made with
the main management subjects – the participants of the
territorial separating of labour define the level of wealth
of local population, level of prices depends first all on its’
solvent supply.

Low market efficiency in the sphere of its’ production
of social goods is admitted as a key factor in formation
of budget sector. As the result, economic subsystem for
personal and common needs satisfaction. The permanent
problem of market and budget trade off is important for
functioning of this system (Zyatkovsky, 2006).

The fractional aspect of this decision about production
of social goods is the state and private partnership
which is management form based on the institutionally-
organizational union of state and private business which
is established with the goal of realization of socially
important projects (from municipal to national and
international). It was based on the contract or concessional
depute for undetermined period to physical person some
part of economical, organizational and control functions
in relative to public-legal property namely the state
and municipal objects and services, natural resources,
monopoly of the state for a number of kinds of activity
(thus the mentioned objects don’t change form of
ownership) (Varnavskiy, 2002).

Institutionally-legal base of PSPP (Partnership of State
and Private Property) first of all created with statutory
instruments which connected with differentiation of
state, regional and local power (particularly with current
decentralization of power in Ukraine, which is accompanied
with translation of wide spectra of social functions into
the managing of united territorial communities and local
budgets). It should promote the autonomy of municipal
affairs as legal person within empowerments are considered
with contracts and concessions.

National authorities depute objects of social sphere,
gas and power economy, water supply and the sewerage,
transport and communication systems, government

buildings and constructions, sign agreements on rendering
of services on the maintenance of social infrastructure,
in spheres of health care, education and professional
development of labor, support of socially vulnerable
groups of the population, overcoming of excessive social
differentiation, R&D (Research and Development),
environment protection, city planning to private property
or terminal owning and regulating of private capital.
Correspond contracts of regional and local levels are
usually connected with developments and modernizations
of settlements, their social security and the sphere of
leisure, providing design, reconstruction, construction,
equipment, management and the content of social objects,
supply of their visitors with food, information equipment,
etc (Sorokina, 1999; Varnavskiy, 2002). As the result,
the increasing of mobility to the social requirements,
assignment of more quality goods and services by the
lower smaller expenses of production, decrease in load of
budgets of various levels, refusal of the state and municipal
sectors of inefficient forms of managing are combined
with organizational experience, innovational and financial
potential of private property.

In a way, in production of social goods to regional and
territorial communities of Ukraine during decentralization
of empowerments and realization of administrate form are
defined: the state and municipal subjects are financed from
budgets of various levels; the state and municipal subjects
who, together with the budgetary resources, operate with
receipts from providing paid services to natural and legal
entities; the non-state actors functioning on the enterprise
or non-profitable beginnings, whose activity is provided
with the state order and contracts (including PSPP), receipt
of funds from providing paid services to various categories
of consumers, non-state funds, patrons, sponsors.

6. Conclusions
Development of institutional, functional and territorial

organization of society, mainly is a formational and
realization process of needs circle of person (individual and
collective), which are estimated with factors, conditions
and mechanisms of their satisfaction, including dynamic
in variety of social communities and subjects in relation to
necessary volume of life goods consumption.

Researching results admitted the necessity of
social goods formation in the economy of Ukrainian
multidirectional education which combines state and
non-state (private, commercial and non-commercial)
enterprises, establishments, organizations, which services
to different layers of population within certain volume
quality of social security (based on the state order,
temporary contracts and corporate non-market affairs
supported in case of performance of conditions by the
parties concerning resource intensity, volumes of the
budgetary financing, quality, terms of granting goods and
services) and in summary it’s coordinated with state social
and fiscally-budget policy. Supplementing each other,
the state and noncommercial sectors of social sphere in

Baltic Journal of Economic Studies

Vol. 1, No. 2, 2015
the country and regional social complexes are capable to
capture all space of legislative obligations of cultural and
community service of the population.

Mechanisms which contents and productivity of
actions for the solution of interaction state problems and
private (including noncommercial) sectors in regions and
resettlements of Ukraine, as well as public consequences of
transfer to the private sector of the social security functions
which are traditionally stay in the state competence will
depend on a level of control structures development
activity of authorities (including within civil society),
bases (among other things – transparency) business and
partner activity.

Socially-oriented market economy predicts the
leading with the state of corrective activity in sphere
of macroeconomic regulating in social sphere with the
directions, which ensure market development as socially-
simulative process(by creation of conditions for equal
competence prevention of monopolies, restriction of
overproduction, dumping prices and other factors of
crisis). Together with optimization of branch, territorial
and investment streams other important factors for
improvement of investment climate in regions are:
– providing of social mobility (based on the socially level

of civil profits, realization of measurement in state policy
about self regulation of territory disproportions by the
creation of new job places and assistance to arrangement
of necessary staff );
– popularity “activation” (during the stimulated
entrepreneurship, self employment and innovational
activity among the subjects of managing, push-pull
and interregional labor migrations, improvement of
qualification potential of labour resources according to
needs of the concrete region).

Regulation of economically-organizational mechanism
about realization of legislative liabilities which are
connected with consumption of socially-needed services
and also for satisfaction of personal needs of Ukrainian
popularity, demands the following researches of
problem and methodology as improvement of territorial
organization of social infrastructures of in regional local
system of resettlement, so in the providing of stability
in the processes of its’ financing in the condition of
powerful influence of subjective factors are connected
with subjection of the lowest networks of objects and
disadvantages of hierarchy functioning in the questions
of regulation and correction of quality indicators of their
development and professional activity.

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Лариса БОГУШ
ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ И РЕАЛИЗАЦИЯ СОЦИАЛЬНЫХ ПОТРЕБНОСТЕЙ КАК КРИТЕРИЙ
СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЯ ТЕРРИТОРИАЛЬНОЙ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ ОБЩЕСТВА
Аннотация. Целью работы является исследование взаимосвязей процессов формирования и реализации
спектра социальных потребностей с эволюцией и целенаправленной деятельностью по совершенствова-
нию территориальной организации общества. Методика исследования предполагает: обоснование проис-
хождения, факторов развития, подходов к классификации, функций социальных потребностей в развитии
государства и социума; изучение социогуманитарного пространства формирования и реализации потреб-
ностей индивидов, функциональных и территориальных сообществ, а также механизма их удовлетворения
на общегосударственном и пространственном уровнях (на примере Украины – страны с развивающейся
экономикой, где ныне осуществляется децентрализация властных полномочий в сфере социального обе-
спечения и укрупнение низовых территориальных общин). Результаты. Обобщены и обоснованы законо-
мерности и тенденции становления, эволюции, трансформации потребностей социальных групп, функцио-
нальных и территориальных сообществ населения, а также взаимосвязь этих процессов с экономическими
и организационными возможностями и механизмами удовлетворения спектра социальных потребностей с
учетом особенностей, достигнутых и желаемых параметров развития производительных сил, человеческого
и прочих компонентов социогуманитарного потенциала, социокультурной среды общества. Развитие инсти-
туциональной, функциональной и территориальной организации общества, по сути, является процессом
формирования и реализации круга потребностей человека (индивидуального и коллективного), который
оценивается через факторы, условия и механизмы их удовлетворения, в том числе через динамику позиций
спектра социальных групп и субъектов относительно необходимого для потребления объема жизненных благ.
Практическое значение. Общественно-политические трансформации стимулируют формирование в эконо-
мике общественных благ Украины многосекторного образования, сочетающего государственные и негосу-
дарственные (частные коммерческие и некоммерческие) предприятия, учреждения, организации, которые:
оказывают различным слоям населения услуги нормированного в рамках социальных гарантий объема и
качества (на основе госзаказа, временных контрактов и корпоративных внерыночных связей, поддерживае-
мых в случае выполнения условий ресурсоемкости, объемов бюджетного финансирования, качества, сроков
предоставления товаров и услуг); координируются государственной социальной и бюджетно-фискальной
политикой. Весомыми факторами развития территориальных общин и улучшения инвестиционного кли-
мата в регионах являются: обеспечение социальной мобильности (основа – достаточный уровень доходов
граждан, реализация государственной политики по созданию новых рабочих мест и содействию бытовому
обустройству кадров); «активизация» населения (через стимулирование предпринимательства, самозанято-
сти и инновационной активности субъектов хозяйствования, трудовых миграций, совершенствование про-
фессионально-квалификационного потенциала трудовых ресурсов). Значение/оригинальность. Урегулиро-
вание организационно-экономического механизма реализации законодательных гарантий потребления
общественно необходимых услуг, удовлетворения соответствующих индивидуализированных потребностей
населения Украины будет способствовать: совершенствованию территориальной организации социальной
инфраструктуры в соответствии с целями реформы административного устройства и усиления социальных
полномочий местных бюджетов; повышению эффективности процессов воспроизводства и капитализации
социогуманитарного потенциала.