id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
issue-3061	1	1	baltic	baltic	PROPN
issue-3061	1	2	journal	journal	PROPN
issue-3061	1	3	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	1	4	economic	economic	ADJ
issue-3061	1	5	studies	study	NOUN
issue-3061	1	6	410	410	NUM
issue-3061	1	7	vol	vol	NOUN
issue-3061	1	8	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	2	1	11	11	NUM
issue-3061	2	2	no	no	NOUN
issue-3061	2	3	.	.	NOUN
issue-3061	2	4	4	4	NUM
issue-3061	2	5	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	2	6	2025	2025	NUM
issue-3061	2	7	this	this	PRON
issue-3061	2	8	is	be	AUX
issue-3061	2	9	an	an	DET
issue-3061	2	10	open	open	ADJ
issue-3061	2	11	access	access	NOUN
issue-3061	2	12	article	article	NOUN
issue-3061	2	13	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	2	14	distributed	distribute	VERB
issue-3061	2	15	under	under	ADP
issue-3061	2	16	the	the	DET
issue-3061	2	17	terms	term	NOUN
issue-3061	2	18	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	2	19	the	the	DET
issue-3061	2	20	creative	creative	ADJ
issue-3061	2	21	commons	common	NOUN
issue-3061	2	22	attribution	attribution	NOUN
issue-3061	2	23	cc	cc	VERB
issue-3061	2	24	by	by	ADP
issue-3061	2	25	4.0	4.0	NUM
issue-3061	2	26	1	1	NUM
issue-3061	2	27	zaporizhzhia	zaporizhzhia	PROPN
issue-3061	2	28	national	national	PROPN
issue-3061	2	29	university	university	PROPN
issue-3061	2	30	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	2	31	ukraine	ukraine	NOUN
issue-3061	2	32	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	2	33	corresponding	correspond	VERB
issue-3061	2	34	author	author	NOUN
issue-3061	2	35	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	2	36	e	e	NOUN
issue-3061	2	37	-	-	NOUN
issue-3061	2	38	mail	mail	NOUN
issue-3061	2	39	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	2	40	cherep2508@gmail.com	cherep2508@gmail.com	X
issue-3061	3	1	orcid	orcid	NOUN
issue-3061	3	2	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	3	3	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3098-0105	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3098-0105	PROPN
issue-3061	3	4	2	2	NUM
issue-3061	3	5	zaporizhzhia	zaporizhzhia	PROPN
issue-3061	3	6	national	national	PROPN
issue-3061	3	7	university	university	PROPN
issue-3061	3	8	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	3	9	ukraine	ukraine	NOUN
issue-3061	3	10	e	e	NOUN
issue-3061	3	11	-	-	NOUN
issue-3061	3	12	mail	mail	NOUN
issue-3061	3	13	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	3	14	kalyuzhnaya.ju@gmail.com	kalyuzhnaya.ju@gmail.com	PROPN
issue-3061	3	15	orcid	orcid	PROPN
issue-3061	3	16	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	4	1	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3335-6551	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3335-6551	PROPN
issue-3061	4	2	3	3	NUM
issue-3061	4	3	zaporizhzhia	zaporizhzhia	PROPN
issue-3061	4	4	national	national	PROPN
issue-3061	4	5	university	university	PROPN
issue-3061	4	6	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	4	7	ukraine	ukraine	NOUN
issue-3061	4	8	e	e	NOUN
issue-3061	4	9	-	-	NOUN
issue-3061	4	10	mail	mail	NOUN
issue-3061	4	11	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	5	1	masvvi@outlook.com	masvvi@outlook.com	X
issue-3061	5	2	orcid	orcid	NOUN
issue-3061	5	3	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	5	4	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0675-0235	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0675-0235	NOUN
issue-3061	5	5	doi	doi	NOUN
issue-3061	5	6	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	5	7	https://doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2025-11-4-410-415	https://doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2025-11-4-410-415	ADJ
issue-3061	5	8	model	model	NOUN
issue-3061	5	9	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	5	10	communicative	communicative	ADJ
issue-3061	5	11	impact	impact	NOUN
issue-3061	5	12	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	5	13	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	5	14	messages	message	NOUN
issue-3061	5	15	based	base	VERB
issue-3061	5	16	on	on	ADP
issue-3061	5	17	speech	speech	NOUN
issue-3061	5	18	act	act	NOUN
issue-3061	5	19	theory	theory	NOUN
issue-3061	5	20	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	5	21	artificial	artificial	ADJ
issue-3061	5	22	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
issue-3061	5	23	tools	tool	NOUN
issue-3061	5	24	oleksandr	oleksandr	PROPN
issue-3061	5	25	cherep1	cherep1	ADJ
issue-3061	5	26	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	5	27	yuliia	yuliia	ADJ
issue-3061	5	28	kaliuzhna2	kaliuzhna2	NOUN
issue-3061	5	29	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	5	30	svitlana	svitlana	PROPN
issue-3061	5	31	markova3	markova3	PROPN
issue-3061	5	32	abstract	abstract	PROPN
issue-3061	5	33	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	6	1	the	the	DET
issue-3061	6	2	present	present	ADJ
issue-3061	6	3	article	article	NOUN
issue-3061	6	4	explores	explore	VERB
issue-3061	6	5	the	the	DET
issue-3061	6	6	communicative	communicative	ADJ
issue-3061	6	7	impact	impact	NOUN
issue-3061	6	8	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	6	9	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	6	10	messages	message	NOUN
issue-3061	6	11	by	by	ADP
issue-3061	6	12	combining	combine	VERB
issue-3061	6	13	the	the	DET
issue-3061	6	14	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
issue-3061	6	15	framework	framework	NOUN
issue-3061	6	16	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	6	17	speech	speech	NOUN
issue-3061	6	18	act	act	NOUN
issue-3061	6	19	theory	theory	NOUN
issue-3061	6	20	with	with	ADP
issue-3061	6	21	the	the	DET
issue-3061	6	22	analytical	analytical	ADJ
issue-3061	6	23	capabilities	capability	NOUN
issue-3061	6	24	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	6	25	artificial	artificial	ADJ
issue-3061	6	26	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
issue-3061	6	27	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	6	28	ai	ai	NOUN
issue-3061	6	29	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	6	30	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	7	1	the	the	DET
issue-3061	7	2	study	study	NOUN
issue-3061	7	3	focuses	focus	VERB
issue-3061	7	4	on	on	ADP
issue-3061	7	5	the	the	DET
issue-3061	7	6	structural	structural	ADJ
issue-3061	7	7	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	7	8	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
issue-3061	7	9	organisation	organisation	NOUN
issue-3061	7	10	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	7	11	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	7	12	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	7	13	viewed	view	VERB
issue-3061	7	14	as	as	ADP
issue-3061	7	15	a	a	DET
issue-3061	7	16	communicative	communicative	ADJ
issue-3061	7	17	act	act	NOUN
issue-3061	7	18	functioning	function	VERB
issue-3061	7	19	simultaneously	simultaneously	ADV
issue-3061	7	20	at	at	ADP
issue-3061	7	21	the	the	DET
issue-3061	7	22	locutionary	locutionary	ADJ
issue-3061	7	23	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	7	24	illocutionary	illocutionary	ADJ
issue-3061	7	25	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	7	26	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	7	27	perlocutionary	perlocutionary	ADJ
issue-3061	7	28	levels	level	NOUN
issue-3061	7	29	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	8	1	the	the	DET
issue-3061	8	2	role	role	NOUN
issue-3061	8	3	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	8	4	emotionally	emotionally	ADV
issue-3061	8	5	charged	charge	VERB
issue-3061	8	6	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	8	7	evaluative	evaluative	ADJ
issue-3061	8	8	lexical	lexical	ADJ
issue-3061	8	9	elements	element	NOUN
issue-3061	8	10	is	be	AUX
issue-3061	8	11	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	8	12	particular	particular	ADJ
issue-3061	8	13	interest	interest	NOUN
issue-3061	8	14	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	8	15	insofar	insofar	ADV
issue-3061	8	16	as	as	SCONJ
issue-3061	8	17	these	these	DET
issue-3061	8	18	elements	element	NOUN
issue-3061	8	19	function	function	VERB
issue-3061	8	20	as	as	ADP
issue-3061	8	21	instruments	instrument	NOUN
issue-3061	8	22	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	8	23	psychological	psychological	ADJ
issue-3061	8	24	influence	influence	NOUN
issue-3061	8	25	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	8	26	thereby	thereby	ADV
issue-3061	8	27	shaping	shape	VERB
issue-3061	8	28	the	the	DET
issue-3061	8	29	perceptions	perception	NOUN
issue-3061	8	30	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	8	31	emotions	emotion	NOUN
issue-3061	8	32	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	8	33	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	8	34	behaviour	behaviour	NOUN
issue-3061	8	35	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	8	36	audiences	audience	NOUN
issue-3061	8	37	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	9	1	the	the	DET
issue-3061	9	2	objective	objective	NOUN
issue-3061	9	3	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	9	4	the	the	DET
issue-3061	9	5	research	research	NOUN
issue-3061	9	6	is	be	AUX
issue-3061	9	7	to	to	PART
issue-3061	9	8	develop	develop	VERB
issue-3061	9	9	a	a	DET
issue-3061	9	10	methodological	methodological	ADJ
issue-3061	9	11	approach	approach	NOUN
issue-3061	9	12	for	for	ADP
issue-3061	9	13	identifying	identify	VERB
issue-3061	9	14	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	9	15	classifying	classify	VERB
issue-3061	9	16	manipulative	manipulative	ADJ
issue-3061	9	17	intentions	intention	NOUN
issue-3061	9	18	within	within	ADP
issue-3061	9	19	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	9	20	messages	message	NOUN
issue-3061	9	21	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	10	1	the	the	DET
issue-3061	10	2	present	present	ADJ
issue-3061	10	3	study	study	NOUN
issue-3061	10	4	seeks	seek	VERB
issue-3061	10	5	to	to	PART
issue-3061	10	6	integrate	integrate	VERB
issue-3061	10	7	speech	speech	NOUN
issue-3061	10	8	act	act	NOUN
issue-3061	10	9	analysis	analysis	NOUN
issue-3061	10	10	with	with	ADP
issue-3061	10	11	natural	natural	ADJ
issue-3061	10	12	language	language	NOUN
issue-3061	10	13	processing	processing	NOUN
issue-3061	10	14	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	10	15	nlp	nlp	NOUN
issue-3061	10	16	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	10	17	techniques	technique	NOUN
issue-3061	10	18	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	10	19	large	large	ADJ
issue-3061	10	20	language	language	NOUN
issue-3061	10	21	models	model	NOUN
issue-3061	10	22	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	10	23	llms	llm	NOUN
issue-3061	10	24	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	10	25	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	11	1	the	the	DET
issue-3061	11	2	objective	objective	NOUN
issue-3061	11	3	is	be	AUX
issue-3061	11	4	to	to	PART
issue-3061	11	5	uncover	uncover	VERB
issue-3061	11	6	factual	factual	ADJ
issue-3061	11	7	distortions	distortion	NOUN
issue-3061	11	8	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	11	9	as	as	ADV
issue-3061	11	10	well	well	ADV
issue-3061	11	11	as	as	ADP
issue-3061	11	12	concealed	conceal	VERB
issue-3061	11	13	rhetorical	rhetorical	ADJ
issue-3061	11	14	strategies	strategy	NOUN
issue-3061	11	15	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	11	16	emotional	emotional	ADJ
issue-3061	11	17	framing	framing	NOUN
issue-3061	11	18	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	11	19	subtle	subtle	ADJ
issue-3061	11	20	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
issue-3061	11	21	manipulations	manipulation	NOUN
issue-3061	11	22	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	12	1	the	the	DET
issue-3061	12	2	methodology	methodology	NOUN
issue-3061	12	3	underpinning	underpin	VERB
issue-3061	12	4	this	this	DET
issue-3061	12	5	study	study	NOUN
issue-3061	12	6	is	be	AUX
issue-3061	12	7	predicated	predicate	VERB
issue-3061	12	8	upon	upon	SCONJ
issue-3061	12	9	a	a	DET
issue-3061	12	10	multi	multi	ADJ
issue-3061	12	11	-	-	ADJ
issue-3061	12	12	level	level	ADJ
issue-3061	12	13	analytical	analytical	ADJ
issue-3061	12	14	model	model	NOUN
issue-3061	12	15	that	that	PRON
issue-3061	12	16	interprets	interpret	VERB
issue-3061	12	17	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	12	18	as	as	ADP
issue-3061	12	19	a	a	DET
issue-3061	12	20	structured	structured	ADJ
issue-3061	12	21	communicative	communicative	ADJ
issue-3061	12	22	act	act	NOUN
issue-3061	12	23	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	13	1	the	the	DET
issue-3061	13	2	framework	framework	NOUN
issue-3061	13	3	comprises	comprise	VERB
issue-3061	13	4	several	several	ADJ
issue-3061	13	5	stages	stage	NOUN
issue-3061	13	6	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	13	7	compiling	compile	VERB
issue-3061	13	8	a	a	DET
issue-3061	13	9	corpus	corpus	NOUN
issue-3061	13	10	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	13	11	authentic	authentic	ADJ
issue-3061	13	12	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	13	13	texts	text	NOUN
issue-3061	13	14	from	from	ADP
issue-3061	13	15	social	social	ADJ
issue-3061	13	16	media	medium	NOUN
issue-3061	13	17	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	13	18	propaganda	propaganda	NOUN
issue-3061	13	19	sources	source	NOUN
issue-3061	13	20	;	;	PUNCT
issue-3061	13	21	preprocessing	preprocesse	VERB
issue-3061	13	22	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
issue-3061	13	23	data	datum	NOUN
issue-3061	13	24	through	through	ADP
issue-3061	13	25	tokenisation	tokenisation	NOUN
issue-3061	13	26	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	13	27	lemmatisation	lemmatisation	NOUN
issue-3061	13	28	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	13	29	pos	pos	NOUN
issue-3061	13	30	-	-	PUNCT
issue-3061	13	31	tagging	tagging	NOUN
issue-3061	13	32	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	13	33	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	13	34	syntactic	syntactic	ADJ
issue-3061	13	35	parsing	parsing	NOUN
issue-3061	13	36	;	;	PUNCT
issue-3061	13	37	conducting	conduct	VERB
issue-3061	13	38	locutionary	locutionary	ADJ
issue-3061	13	39	analysis	analysis	NOUN
issue-3061	13	40	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	13	41	propositional	propositional	ADJ
issue-3061	13	42	structures	structure	NOUN
issue-3061	13	43	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	13	44	semantic	semantic	ADJ
issue-3061	13	45	networks	network	NOUN
issue-3061	13	46	;	;	PUNCT
issue-3061	13	47	performing	perform	VERB
issue-3061	13	48	illocutionary	illocutionary	ADJ
issue-3061	13	49	classification	classification	NOUN
issue-3061	13	50	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	13	51	speech	speech	NOUN
issue-3061	13	52	acts	act	NOUN
issue-3061	13	53	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	13	54	assertives	assertive	NOUN
issue-3061	13	55	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	13	56	directives	directive	NOUN
issue-3061	13	57	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	13	58	commissives	commissive	NOUN
issue-3061	13	59	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	13	60	expressives	expressive	NOUN
issue-3061	13	61	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	13	62	using	use	VERB
issue-3061	13	63	supervised	supervised	ADJ
issue-3061	13	64	machine	machine	NOUN
issue-3061	13	65	learning	learning	NOUN
issue-3061	13	66	;	;	PUNCT
issue-3061	13	67	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	13	68	carrying	carry	VERB
issue-3061	13	69	out	out	ADP
issue-3061	13	70	perlocutionary	perlocutionary	ADJ
issue-3061	13	71	analysis	analysis	NOUN
issue-3061	13	72	to	to	PART
issue-3061	13	73	detect	detect	VERB
issue-3061	13	74	sentiment	sentiment	NOUN
issue-3061	13	75	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	13	76	classify	classify	VERB
issue-3061	13	77	emotions	emotion	NOUN
issue-3061	13	78	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	13	79	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	13	80	identify	identify	VERB
issue-3061	13	81	expressive	expressive	ADJ
issue-3061	13	82	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
issue-3061	13	83	devices	device	NOUN
issue-3061	13	84	such	such	ADJ
issue-3061	13	85	as	as	ADP
issue-3061	13	86	metaphor	metaphor	NOUN
issue-3061	13	87	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	13	88	hyperbole	hyperbole	NOUN
issue-3061	13	89	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	13	90	epithet	epithet	NOUN
issue-3061	13	91	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	13	92	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	13	93	anaphora	anaphora	NOUN
issue-3061	13	94	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	14	1	the	the	DET
issue-3061	14	2	model	model	NOUN
issue-3061	14	3	is	be	AUX
issue-3061	14	4	validated	validate	VERB
issue-3061	14	5	using	use	VERB
issue-3061	14	6	ai	ai	NOUN
issue-3061	14	7	tools	tool	NOUN
issue-3061	14	8	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	14	9	bert	bert	PROPN
issue-3061	14	10	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	14	11	roberta	roberta	PROPN
issue-3061	14	12	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	14	13	gpt	gpt	NOUN
issue-3061	14	14	-	-	PUNCT
issue-3061	14	15	based	base	VERB
issue-3061	14	16	systems	system	NOUN
issue-3061	14	17	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	14	18	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	14	19	combined	combine	VERB
issue-3061	14	20	with	with	ADP
issue-3061	14	21	human	human	NOUN
issue-3061	14	22	-	-	PUNCT
issue-3061	14	23	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	14	24	-	-	PUNCT
issue-3061	14	25	the	the	DET
issue-3061	14	26	-	-	PUNCT
issue-3061	14	27	loop	loop	NOUN
issue-3061	14	28	verification	verification	NOUN
issue-3061	14	29	via	via	ADP
issue-3061	14	30	fact	fact	NOUN
issue-3061	14	31	-	-	PUNCT
issue-3061	14	32	checking	check	VERB
issue-3061	14	33	datasets	dataset	NOUN
issue-3061	14	34	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	15	1	the	the	DET
issue-3061	15	2	findings	finding	NOUN
issue-3061	15	3	show	show	VERB
issue-3061	15	4	that	that	SCONJ
issue-3061	15	5	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	15	6	relies	rely	VERB
issue-3061	15	7	on	on	ADP
issue-3061	15	8	a	a	DET
issue-3061	15	9	complex	complex	ADJ
issue-3061	15	10	interplay	interplay	NOUN
issue-3061	15	11	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	15	12	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
issue-3061	15	13	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
issue-3061	15	14	intended	intend	VERB
issue-3061	15	15	to	to	PART
issue-3061	15	16	create	create	VERB
issue-3061	15	17	persuasive	persuasive	ADJ
issue-3061	15	18	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	15	19	manipulative	manipulative	ADJ
issue-3061	15	20	content	content	NOUN
issue-3061	15	21	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	16	1	integrating	integrate	VERB
issue-3061	16	2	speech	speech	NOUN
issue-3061	16	3	act	act	NOUN
issue-3061	16	4	theory	theory	NOUN
issue-3061	16	5	with	with	ADP
issue-3061	16	6	ai	ai	ADV
issue-3061	16	7	-	-	PUNCT
issue-3061	16	8	based	base	VERB
issue-3061	16	9	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
issue-3061	16	10	analysis	analysis	NOUN
issue-3061	16	11	has	have	AUX
issue-3061	16	12	proven	prove	VERB
issue-3061	16	13	effective	effective	ADJ
issue-3061	16	14	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	16	15	detecting	detect	VERB
issue-3061	16	16	emotional	emotional	ADJ
issue-3061	16	17	tone	tone	NOUN
issue-3061	16	18	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	16	19	communicative	communicative	ADJ
issue-3061	16	20	intent	intent	NOUN
issue-3061	16	21	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	16	22	manipulative	manipulative	ADJ
issue-3061	16	23	structures	structure	NOUN
issue-3061	16	24	across	across	ADP
issue-3061	16	25	large	large	ADJ
issue-3061	16	26	volumes	volume	NOUN
issue-3061	16	27	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	16	28	data	datum	NOUN
issue-3061	16	29	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	17	1	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	17	2	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
issue-3061	17	3	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	17	4	this	this	DET
issue-3061	17	5	study	study	NOUN
issue-3061	17	6	demonstrates	demonstrate	VERB
issue-3061	17	7	that	that	SCONJ
issue-3061	17	8	combatting	combat	VERB
issue-3061	17	9	manipulative	manipulative	ADJ
issue-3061	17	10	communication	communication	NOUN
issue-3061	17	11	necessitates	necessitate	VERB
issue-3061	17	12	a	a	DET
issue-3061	17	13	broader	broad	ADJ
issue-3061	17	14	approach	approach	NOUN
issue-3061	17	15	than	than	ADP
issue-3061	17	16	mere	mere	ADJ
issue-3061	17	17	fact	fact	NOUN
issue-3061	17	18	-	-	PUNCT
issue-3061	17	19	checking	checking	NOUN
issue-3061	17	20	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	17	21	encompassing	encompass	VERB
issue-3061	17	22	an	an	DET
issue-3061	17	23	analysis	analysis	NOUN
issue-3061	17	24	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	17	25	the	the	DET
issue-3061	17	26	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
issue-3061	17	27	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	17	28	emotional	emotional	ADJ
issue-3061	17	29	aspects	aspect	NOUN
issue-3061	17	30	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	17	31	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	17	32	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	18	1	the	the	DET
issue-3061	18	2	proposed	propose	VERB
issue-3061	18	3	model	model	NOUN
issue-3061	18	4	offers	offer	VERB
issue-3061	18	5	a	a	DET
issue-3061	18	6	scalable	scalable	ADJ
issue-3061	18	7	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	18	8	systematic	systematic	ADJ
issue-3061	18	9	approach	approach	NOUN
issue-3061	18	10	to	to	ADP
issue-3061	18	11	detection	detection	NOUN
issue-3061	18	12	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	18	13	thereby	thereby	ADV
issue-3061	18	14	enhancing	enhance	VERB
issue-3061	18	15	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
issue-3061	18	16	resilience	resilience	NOUN
issue-3061	18	17	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	18	18	improving	improve	VERB
issue-3061	18	19	information	information	NOUN
issue-3061	18	20	security	security	NOUN
issue-3061	18	21	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	18	22	today	today	NOUN
issue-3061	18	23	's	's	PART
issue-3061	18	24	digital	digital	ADJ
issue-3061	18	25	landscape	landscape	NOUN
issue-3061	18	26	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	19	1	keywords	keyword	NOUN
issue-3061	19	2	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	19	3	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	19	4	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	19	5	speech	speech	NOUN
issue-3061	19	6	act	act	NOUN
issue-3061	19	7	theory	theory	NOUN
issue-3061	19	8	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	19	9	artificial	artificial	ADJ
issue-3061	19	10	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
issue-3061	19	11	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	19	12	nlp	nlp	NOUN
issue-3061	19	13	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	19	14	language	language	NOUN
issue-3061	19	15	models	model	NOUN
issue-3061	19	16	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	19	17	emotional	emotional	ADJ
issue-3061	19	18	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
issue-3061	19	19	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	19	20	illocutionary	illocutionary	ADJ
issue-3061	19	21	intention	intention	NOUN
issue-3061	19	22	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	20	1	jel	jel	PROPN
issue-3061	20	2	classification	classification	NOUN
issue-3061	20	3	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	20	4	c88	c88	NOUN
issue-3061	20	5	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	20	6	d83	d83	PROPN
issue-3061	20	7	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	20	8	o33	o33	X
issue-3061	20	9	1	1	NUM
issue-3061	20	10	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	20	11	introduction	introduction	NOUN
issue-3061	20	12	the	the	DET
issue-3061	20	13	modern	modern	ADJ
issue-3061	20	14	information	information	NOUN
issue-3061	20	15	environment	environment	NOUN
issue-3061	20	16	is	be	AUX
issue-3061	20	17	characterised	characterise	VERB
issue-3061	20	18	by	by	ADP
issue-3061	20	19	the	the	DET
issue-3061	20	20	rapid	rapid	ADJ
issue-3061	20	21	spread	spread	NOUN
issue-3061	20	22	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	20	23	emotional	emotional	ADJ
issue-3061	20	24	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	20	25	anxiety	anxiety	NOUN
issue-3061	20	26	-	-	PUNCT
issue-3061	20	27	provoking	provoke	VERB
issue-3061	20	28	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	20	29	that	that	PRON
issue-3061	20	30	distorts	distort	VERB
issue-3061	20	31	perceptions	perception	NOUN
issue-3061	20	32	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	20	33	events	event	NOUN
issue-3061	20	34	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	21	1	the	the	DET
issue-3061	21	2	main	main	ADJ
issue-3061	21	3	challenge	challenge	NOUN
issue-3061	21	4	lies	lie	VERB
issue-3061	21	5	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	21	6	the	the	DET
issue-3061	21	7	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN
issue-3061	21	8	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	21	9	detecting	detect	VERB
issue-3061	21	10	such	such	ADJ
issue-3061	21	11	messages	message	NOUN
issue-3061	21	12	due	due	ADP
issue-3061	21	13	to	to	ADP
issue-3061	21	14	their	their	PRON
issue-3061	21	15	semantic	semantic	ADJ
issue-3061	21	16	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	21	17	emotional	emotional	ADJ
issue-3061	21	18	adaptability	adaptability	NOUN
issue-3061	21	19	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	22	1	effective	effective	ADJ
issue-3061	22	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
issue-3061	22	3	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	22	4	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	22	5	requires	require	VERB
issue-3061	22	6	an	an	DET
issue-3061	22	7	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	22	8	-	-	PUNCT
issue-3061	22	9	depth	depth	NOUN
issue-3061	22	10	understanding	understanding	NOUN
issue-3061	22	11	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	22	12	its	its	PRON
issue-3061	22	13	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
issue-3061	22	14	structure	structure	NOUN
issue-3061	22	15	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	22	16	emotional	emotional	ADJ
issue-3061	22	17	tone	tone	NOUN
issue-3061	22	18	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	22	19	the	the	DET
issue-3061	22	20	impact	impact	NOUN
issue-3061	22	21	it	it	PRON
issue-3061	22	22	has	have	VERB
issue-3061	22	23	on	on	ADP
issue-3061	22	24	the	the	DET
issue-3061	22	25	recipient	recipient	NOUN
issue-3061	22	26	's	's	PART
issue-3061	22	27	consciousness	consciousness	NOUN
issue-3061	22	28	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	23	1	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	23	2	this	this	DET
issue-3061	23	3	context	context	NOUN
issue-3061	23	4	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	23	5	artificial	artificial	ADJ
issue-3061	23	6	baltic	baltic	ADJ
issue-3061	23	7	journal	journal	NOUN
issue-3061	23	8	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	23	9	economic	economic	ADJ
issue-3061	23	10	studies	study	NOUN
issue-3061	23	11	411	411	NUM
issue-3061	23	12	vol	vol	NOUN
issue-3061	23	13	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	23	14	11	11	NUM
issue-3061	23	15	no	no	NOUN
issue-3061	23	16	.	.	NOUN
issue-3061	23	17	4	4	NUM
issue-3061	23	18	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	23	19	2025	2025	NUM
issue-3061	23	20	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
issue-3061	23	21	plays	play	VERB
issue-3061	23	22	a	a	DET
issue-3061	23	23	particularly	particularly	ADV
issue-3061	23	24	important	important	ADJ
issue-3061	23	25	role	role	NOUN
issue-3061	23	26	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	23	27	as	as	SCONJ
issue-3061	23	28	it	it	PRON
issue-3061	23	29	can	can	AUX
issue-3061	23	30	reveal	reveal	VERB
issue-3061	23	31	hidden	hide	VERB
issue-3061	23	32	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
issue-3061	23	33	patterns	pattern	NOUN
issue-3061	23	34	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	23	35	manipulative	manipulative	ADJ
issue-3061	23	36	intentions	intention	NOUN
issue-3061	23	37	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	24	1	recent	recent	ADJ
issue-3061	24	2	advances	advance	NOUN
issue-3061	24	3	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	24	4	natural	natural	ADJ
issue-3061	24	5	language	language	NOUN
issue-3061	24	6	processing	processing	NOUN
issue-3061	24	7	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	24	8	nlp	nlp	NOUN
issue-3061	24	9	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	24	10	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	24	11	machine	machine	NOUN
issue-3061	24	12	learning	learning	NOUN
issue-3061	24	13	mean	mean	VERB
issue-3061	24	14	that	that	SCONJ
issue-3061	24	15	artificial	artificial	ADJ
issue-3061	24	16	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
issue-3061	24	17	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	24	18	ai	ai	NOUN
issue-3061	24	19	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	24	20	can	can	AUX
issue-3061	24	21	now	now	ADV
issue-3061	24	22	perform	perform	VERB
issue-3061	24	23	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
issue-3061	24	24	complex	complex	ADJ
issue-3061	24	25	language	language	NOUN
issue-3061	24	26	-	-	PUNCT
issue-3061	24	27	related	relate	VERB
issue-3061	24	28	tasks	task	NOUN
issue-3061	24	29	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	24	30	including	include	VERB
issue-3061	24	31	sentiment	sentiment	NOUN
issue-3061	24	32	detection	detection	NOUN
issue-3061	24	33	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	24	34	discourse	discourse	VERB
issue-3061	24	35	analysis	analysis	NOUN
issue-3061	24	36	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	24	37	text	text	NOUN
issue-3061	24	38	classification	classification	NOUN
issue-3061	24	39	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	25	1	these	these	DET
issue-3061	25	2	capabilities	capability	NOUN
issue-3061	25	3	are	be	AUX
issue-3061	25	4	particularly	particularly	ADV
issue-3061	25	5	valuable	valuable	ADJ
issue-3061	25	6	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	25	7	the	the	DET
issue-3061	25	8	context	context	NOUN
issue-3061	25	9	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	25	10	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	25	11	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	25	12	where	where	SCONJ
issue-3061	25	13	the	the	DET
issue-3061	25	14	impact	impact	NOUN
issue-3061	25	15	often	often	ADV
issue-3061	25	16	depends	depend	VERB
issue-3061	25	17	not	not	PART
issue-3061	25	18	only	only	ADV
issue-3061	25	19	on	on	ADP
issue-3061	25	20	factual	factual	ADJ
issue-3061	25	21	inaccuracy	inaccuracy	NOUN
issue-3061	25	22	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	25	23	but	but	CCONJ
issue-3061	25	24	also	also	ADV
issue-3061	25	25	on	on	ADP
issue-3061	25	26	emotional	emotional	ADJ
issue-3061	25	27	framing	framing	NOUN
issue-3061	25	28	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	25	29	subtle	subtle	ADJ
issue-3061	25	30	rhetorical	rhetorical	ADJ
issue-3061	25	31	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
issue-3061	25	32	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	25	33	the	the	DET
issue-3061	25	34	strategic	strategic	ADJ
issue-3061	25	35	use	use	NOUN
issue-3061	25	36	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	25	37	language	language	NOUN
issue-3061	25	38	to	to	PART
issue-3061	25	39	achieve	achieve	VERB
issue-3061	25	40	perlocutionary	perlocutionary	ADJ
issue-3061	25	41	effects	effect	NOUN
issue-3061	25	42	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	26	1	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	26	2	messages	message	NOUN
issue-3061	26	3	are	be	AUX
issue-3061	26	4	not	not	PART
issue-3061	26	5	merely	merely	ADV
issue-3061	26	6	isolated	isolate	VERB
issue-3061	26	7	texts	text	NOUN
issue-3061	26	8	;	;	PUNCT
issue-3061	26	9	they	they	PRON
issue-3061	26	10	are	be	AUX
issue-3061	26	11	deliberate	deliberate	ADJ
issue-3061	26	12	communicative	communicative	ADJ
issue-3061	26	13	acts	act	NOUN
issue-3061	26	14	that	that	PRON
issue-3061	26	15	influence	influence	VERB
issue-3061	26	16	the	the	DET
issue-3061	26	17	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
issue-3061	26	18	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	26	19	emotional	emotional	ADJ
issue-3061	26	20	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	26	21	behavioural	behavioural	ADJ
issue-3061	26	22	states	state	NOUN
issue-3061	26	23	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	26	24	their	their	PRON
issue-3061	26	25	intended	intend	VERB
issue-3061	26	26	recipients	recipient	NOUN
issue-3061	26	27	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	27	1	to	to	PART
issue-3061	27	2	understand	understand	VERB
issue-3061	27	3	the	the	DET
issue-3061	27	4	structure	structure	NOUN
issue-3061	27	5	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	27	6	intent	intent	NOUN
issue-3061	27	7	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	27	8	these	these	DET
issue-3061	27	9	messages	message	NOUN
issue-3061	27	10	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	27	11	more	more	ADJ
issue-3061	27	12	than	than	ADP
issue-3061	27	13	a	a	DET
issue-3061	27	14	surface	surface	NOUN
issue-3061	27	15	-	-	PUNCT
issue-3061	27	16	level	level	NOUN
issue-3061	27	17	content	content	NOUN
issue-3061	27	18	analysis	analysis	NOUN
issue-3061	27	19	is	be	AUX
issue-3061	27	20	required	require	VERB
issue-3061	27	21	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	28	1	this	this	PRON
issue-3061	28	2	involves	involve	VERB
issue-3061	28	3	unpacking	unpack	VERB
issue-3061	28	4	the	the	DET
issue-3061	28	5	communicative	communicative	ADJ
issue-3061	28	6	functions	function	NOUN
issue-3061	28	7	embedded	embed	VERB
issue-3061	28	8	within	within	ADP
issue-3061	28	9	the	the	DET
issue-3061	28	10	language	language	NOUN
issue-3061	28	11	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	28	12	which	which	PRON
issue-3061	28	13	are	be	AUX
issue-3061	28	14	well	well	ADV
issue-3061	28	15	described	describe	VERB
issue-3061	28	16	by	by	ADP
issue-3061	28	17	speech	speech	NOUN
issue-3061	28	18	act	act	NOUN
issue-3061	28	19	theory	theory	NOUN
issue-3061	28	20	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	29	1	this	this	DET
issue-3061	29	2	theory	theory	NOUN
issue-3061	29	3	provides	provide	VERB
issue-3061	29	4	a	a	DET
issue-3061	29	5	framework	framework	NOUN
issue-3061	29	6	for	for	ADP
issue-3061	29	7	analysing	analyse	VERB
issue-3061	29	8	not	not	PART
issue-3061	29	9	only	only	ADV
issue-3061	29	10	what	what	PRON
issue-3061	29	11	is	be	AUX
issue-3061	29	12	said	say	VERB
issue-3061	29	13	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	29	14	locution	locution	NOUN
issue-3061	29	15	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	29	16	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	29	17	but	but	CCONJ
issue-3061	29	18	also	also	ADV
issue-3061	29	19	why	why	SCONJ
issue-3061	29	20	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	29	21	with	with	ADP
issue-3061	29	22	what	what	DET
issue-3061	29	23	effect	effect	NOUN
issue-3061	29	24	it	it	PRON
issue-3061	29	25	is	be	AUX
issue-3061	29	26	said	say	VERB
issue-3061	29	27	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	29	28	illocution	illocution	NOUN
issue-3061	29	29	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	29	30	perlocution	perlocution	NOUN
issue-3061	29	31	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	29	32	respectively	respectively	ADV
issue-3061	29	33	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	29	34	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	30	1	concurrently	concurrently	ADV
issue-3061	30	2	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	30	3	artificial	artificial	ADJ
issue-3061	30	4	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
issue-3061	30	5	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	30	6	ai	ai	NOUN
issue-3061	30	7	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	30	8	tools	tool	NOUN
issue-3061	30	9	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	30	10	including	include	VERB
issue-3061	30	11	large	large	ADJ
issue-3061	30	12	language	language	NOUN
issue-3061	30	13	models	model	NOUN
issue-3061	30	14	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	30	15	llms	llm	NOUN
issue-3061	30	16	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	30	17	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	30	18	offer	offer	VERB
issue-3061	30	19	scalable	scalable	ADJ
issue-3061	30	20	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	30	21	data	datum	NOUN
issue-3061	30	22	-	-	PUNCT
issue-3061	30	23	driven	drive	VERB
issue-3061	30	24	methodologies	methodology	NOUN
issue-3061	30	25	for	for	ADP
issue-3061	30	26	the	the	DET
issue-3061	30	27	identification	identification	NOUN
issue-3061	30	28	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	30	29	these	these	DET
issue-3061	30	30	communicative	communicative	ADJ
issue-3061	30	31	features	feature	NOUN
issue-3061	30	32	across	across	ADP
issue-3061	30	33	voluminous	voluminous	ADJ
issue-3061	30	34	content	content	NOUN
issue-3061	30	35	repositories	repository	NOUN
issue-3061	30	36	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	31	1	the	the	DET
issue-3061	31	2	combination	combination	NOUN
issue-3061	31	3	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	31	4	speech	speech	NOUN
issue-3061	31	5	act	act	NOUN
issue-3061	31	6	analysis	analysis	NOUN
issue-3061	31	7	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	31	8	ai	ai	NOUN
issue-3061	31	9	has	have	AUX
issue-3061	31	10	been	be	AUX
issue-3061	31	11	shown	show	VERB
issue-3061	31	12	to	to	PART
issue-3061	31	13	enhance	enhance	VERB
issue-3061	31	14	the	the	DET
issue-3061	31	15	precision	precision	NOUN
issue-3061	31	16	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	31	17	comprehensiveness	comprehensiveness	NOUN
issue-3061	31	18	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	31	19	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	31	20	identification	identification	NOUN
issue-3061	31	21	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	32	1	this	this	DET
issue-3061	32	2	synergy	synergy	NOUN
issue-3061	32	3	forms	form	VERB
issue-3061	32	4	the	the	DET
issue-3061	32	5	foundation	foundation	NOUN
issue-3061	32	6	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	32	7	the	the	DET
issue-3061	32	8	model	model	NOUN
issue-3061	32	9	proposed	propose	VERB
issue-3061	32	10	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	32	11	this	this	DET
issue-3061	32	12	study	study	NOUN
issue-3061	32	13	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	33	1	speech	speech	NOUN
issue-3061	33	2	act	act	PROPN
issue-3061	33	3	theory	theory	NOUN
issue-3061	33	4	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	33	5	j.	j.	PROPN
issue-3061	33	6	austin	austin	PROPN
issue-3061	33	7	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	33	8	j.	j.	PROPN
issue-3061	33	9	searle	searle	PROPN
issue-3061	33	10	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	33	11	established	establish	VERB
issue-3061	33	12	the	the	DET
issue-3061	33	13	basis	basis	NOUN
issue-3061	33	14	for	for	ADP
issue-3061	33	15	comprehending	comprehend	VERB
issue-3061	33	16	how	how	SCONJ
issue-3061	33	17	language	language	NOUN
issue-3061	33	18	can	can	AUX
issue-3061	33	19	function	function	VERB
issue-3061	33	20	not	not	PART
issue-3061	33	21	only	only	ADV
issue-3061	33	22	as	as	ADP
issue-3061	33	23	a	a	DET
issue-3061	33	24	medium	medium	NOUN
issue-3061	33	25	for	for	ADP
issue-3061	33	26	the	the	DET
issue-3061	33	27	transmission	transmission	NOUN
issue-3061	33	28	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	33	29	information	information	NOUN
issue-3061	33	30	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	33	31	but	but	CCONJ
issue-3061	33	32	also	also	ADV
issue-3061	33	33	as	as	ADP
issue-3061	33	34	an	an	DET
issue-3061	33	35	agent	agent	NOUN
issue-3061	33	36	for	for	ADP
issue-3061	33	37	the	the	DET
issue-3061	33	38	modification	modification	NOUN
issue-3061	33	39	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	33	40	behaviour	behaviour	NOUN
issue-3061	33	41	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	33	42	austin	austin	PROPN
issue-3061	33	43	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	33	44	1986	1986	NUM
issue-3061	33	45	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	33	46	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	34	1	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	34	2	the	the	DET
issue-3061	34	3	context	context	NOUN
issue-3061	34	4	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	34	5	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	34	6	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	34	7	it	it	PRON
issue-3061	34	8	is	be	AUX
issue-3061	34	9	important	important	ADJ
issue-3061	34	10	to	to	PART
issue-3061	34	11	consider	consider	VERB
issue-3061	34	12	the	the	DET
issue-3061	34	13	three	three	NUM
issue-3061	34	14	levels	level	NOUN
issue-3061	34	15	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	34	16	a	a	DET
issue-3061	34	17	speech	speech	NOUN
issue-3061	34	18	act	act	NOUN
issue-3061	34	19	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	34	20	locution	locution	NOUN
issue-3061	34	21	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	34	22	the	the	DET
issue-3061	34	23	actual	actual	ADJ
issue-3061	34	24	utterance	utterance	NOUN
issue-3061	34	25	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	34	26	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	34	27	illocution	illocution	NOUN
issue-3061	34	28	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	34	29	the	the	DET
issue-3061	34	30	author	author	NOUN
issue-3061	34	31	's	's	PART
issue-3061	34	32	intention	intention	NOUN
issue-3061	34	33	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	34	34	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	34	35	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	34	36	perlocution	perlocution	NOUN
issue-3061	34	37	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	34	38	the	the	DET
issue-3061	34	39	real	real	ADJ
issue-3061	34	40	impact	impact	NOUN
issue-3061	34	41	on	on	ADP
issue-3061	34	42	the	the	DET
issue-3061	34	43	recipient	recipient	NOUN
issue-3061	34	44	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	34	45	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	35	1	however	however	ADV
issue-3061	35	2	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	35	3	current	current	ADJ
issue-3061	35	4	studies	study	NOUN
issue-3061	35	5	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	35	6	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	35	7	still	still	ADV
issue-3061	35	8	lack	lack	VERB
issue-3061	35	9	a	a	DET
issue-3061	35	10	systematic	systematic	ADJ
issue-3061	35	11	analysis	analysis	NOUN
issue-3061	35	12	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	35	13	the	the	DET
issue-3061	35	14	emotional	emotional	ADJ
issue-3061	35	15	tone	tone	NOUN
issue-3061	35	16	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	35	17	such	such	ADJ
issue-3061	35	18	messages	message	NOUN
issue-3061	35	19	at	at	ADP
issue-3061	35	20	these	these	DET
issue-3061	35	21	levels	level	NOUN
issue-3061	35	22	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	36	1	artificial	artificial	ADJ
issue-3061	36	2	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
issue-3061	36	3	tools	tool	NOUN
issue-3061	36	4	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	36	5	particularly	particularly	ADV
issue-3061	36	6	nlp	nlp	NOUN
issue-3061	36	7	models	model	NOUN
issue-3061	36	8	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	36	9	offer	offer	VERB
issue-3061	36	10	new	new	ADJ
issue-3061	36	11	possibilities	possibility	NOUN
issue-3061	36	12	for	for	ADP
issue-3061	36	13	identifying	identify	VERB
issue-3061	36	14	this	this	DET
issue-3061	36	15	type	type	NOUN
issue-3061	36	16	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	36	17	influence	influence	NOUN
issue-3061	36	18	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	37	1	recent	recent	ADJ
issue-3061	37	2	studies	study	NOUN
issue-3061	37	3	have	have	AUX
issue-3061	37	4	confirmed	confirm	VERB
issue-3061	37	5	that	that	SCONJ
issue-3061	37	6	large	large	ADJ
issue-3061	37	7	language	language	NOUN
issue-3061	37	8	models	model	NOUN
issue-3061	37	9	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	37	10	llms	llm	NOUN
issue-3061	37	11	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	37	12	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	37	13	including	include	VERB
issue-3061	37	14	gpt	gpt	NOUN
issue-3061	37	15	-	-	PUNCT
issue-3061	37	16	based	base	VERB
issue-3061	37	17	architectures	architecture	NOUN
issue-3061	37	18	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	37	19	are	be	AUX
issue-3061	37	20	capable	capable	ADJ
issue-3061	37	21	not	not	PART
issue-3061	37	22	only	only	ADV
issue-3061	37	23	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	37	24	analysing	analysing	NOUN
issue-3061	37	25	but	but	CCONJ
issue-3061	37	26	also	also	ADV
issue-3061	37	27	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	37	28	generating	generate	VERB
issue-3061	37	29	emotionally	emotionally	ADV
issue-3061	37	30	charged	charge	VERB
issue-3061	37	31	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	37	32	messages	message	NOUN
issue-3061	37	33	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	38	1	it	it	PRON
issue-3061	38	2	has	have	AUX
issue-3061	38	3	been	be	AUX
issue-3061	38	4	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
issue-3061	38	5	that	that	SCONJ
issue-3061	38	6	the	the	DET
issue-3061	38	7	tone	tone	NOUN
issue-3061	38	8	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	38	9	prompts	prompt	NOUN
issue-3061	38	10	exerts	exert	VERB
issue-3061	38	11	a	a	DET
issue-3061	38	12	significant	significant	ADJ
issue-3061	38	13	influence	influence	NOUN
issue-3061	38	14	on	on	ADP
issue-3061	38	15	the	the	DET
issue-3061	38	16	degree	degree	NOUN
issue-3061	38	17	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	38	18	manipulativeness	manipulativeness	NOUN
issue-3061	38	19	exhibited	exhibit	VERB
issue-3061	38	20	by	by	ADP
issue-3061	38	21	models	model	NOUN
issue-3061	38	22	'	'	PART
issue-3061	38	23	responses	response	NOUN
issue-3061	38	24	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	38	25	thereby	thereby	ADV
issue-3061	38	26	augmenting	augment	VERB
issue-3061	38	27	the	the	DET
issue-3061	38	28	capacity	capacity	NOUN
issue-3061	38	29	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	38	30	ai	ai	VERB
issue-3061	38	31	to	to	PART
issue-3061	38	32	replicate	replicate	VERB
issue-3061	38	33	destructive	destructive	ADJ
issue-3061	38	34	communicative	communicative	ADJ
issue-3061	38	35	patterns	pattern	NOUN
issue-3061	38	36	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	38	37	vinay	vinay	PROPN
issue-3061	38	38	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	38	39	oehmichen	oehmichen	ADV
issue-3061	38	40	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	38	41	agirre	agirre	ADJ
issue-3061	38	42	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	38	43	davis	davis	PROPN
issue-3061	38	44	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	38	45	2024	2024	NUM
issue-3061	38	46	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	38	47	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	39	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
issue-3061	39	2	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	39	3	a	a	DET
issue-3061	39	4	significant	significant	ADJ
issue-3061	39	5	research	research	NOUN
issue-3061	39	6	trajectory	trajectory	NOUN
issue-3061	39	7	pertains	pertain	VERB
issue-3061	39	8	to	to	ADP
issue-3061	39	9	the	the	DET
issue-3061	39	10	analysis	analysis	NOUN
issue-3061	39	11	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	39	12	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	39	13	networks	network	NOUN
issue-3061	39	14	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	39	15	the	the	DET
issue-3061	39	16	identification	identification	NOUN
issue-3061	39	17	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	39	18	pivotal	pivotal	ADJ
issue-3061	39	19	actors	actor	NOUN
issue-3061	39	20	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	39	21	the	the	DET
issue-3061	39	22	propagation	propagation	NOUN
issue-3061	39	23	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	39	24	fraudulent	fraudulent	ADJ
issue-3061	39	25	messages	message	NOUN
issue-3061	39	26	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	39	27	predicated	predicate	VERB
issue-3061	39	28	on	on	ADP
issue-3061	39	29	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
issue-3061	39	30	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	39	31	behavioural	behavioural	ADJ
issue-3061	39	32	patterns	pattern	NOUN
issue-3061	39	33	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	40	1	this	this	PRON
issue-3061	40	2	enables	enable	VERB
issue-3061	40	3	a	a	DET
issue-3061	40	4	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
issue-3061	40	5	assessment	assessment	NOUN
issue-3061	40	6	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	40	7	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	40	8	impact	impact	NOUN
issue-3061	40	9	not	not	PART
issue-3061	40	10	only	only	ADV
issue-3061	40	11	at	at	ADP
issue-3061	40	12	the	the	DET
issue-3061	40	13	content	content	NOUN
issue-3061	40	14	level	level	NOUN
issue-3061	40	15	but	but	CCONJ
issue-3061	40	16	also	also	ADV
issue-3061	40	17	within	within	ADP
issue-3061	40	18	the	the	DET
issue-3061	40	19	structural	structural	ADJ
issue-3061	40	20	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
issue-3061	40	21	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	40	22	the	the	DET
issue-3061	40	23	information	information	NOUN
issue-3061	40	24	space	space	NOUN
issue-3061	40	25	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	40	26	smith	smith	PROPN
issue-3061	40	27	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	40	28	kao	kao	PROPN
issue-3061	40	29	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	40	30	mackin	mackin	NOUN
issue-3061	40	31	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	40	32	shah	shah	PROPN
issue-3061	40	33	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	40	34	simek	simek	PROPN
issue-3061	40	35	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	40	36	rubin	rubin	PROPN
issue-3061	40	37	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	40	38	2020	2020	NUM
issue-3061	40	39	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	40	40	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	41	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
issue-3061	41	2	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	41	3	recent	recent	ADJ
issue-3061	41	4	reviews	review	NOUN
issue-3061	41	5	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	41	6	the	the	DET
issue-3061	41	7	field	field	NOUN
issue-3061	41	8	underscore	underscore	VERB
issue-3061	41	9	the	the	DET
issue-3061	41	10	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
issue-3061	41	11	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	41	12	practical	practical	ADJ
issue-3061	41	13	challenges	challenge	NOUN
issue-3061	41	14	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	41	15	detecting	detect	VERB
issue-3061	41	16	fake	fake	ADJ
issue-3061	41	17	news	news	NOUN
issue-3061	41	18	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	41	19	including	include	VERB
issue-3061	41	20	the	the	DET
issue-3061	41	21	limitations	limitation	NOUN
issue-3061	41	22	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	41	23	existing	exist	VERB
issue-3061	41	24	datasets	dataset	NOUN
issue-3061	41	25	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	41	26	methodological	methodological	ADJ
issue-3061	41	27	constraints	constraint	NOUN
issue-3061	41	28	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	41	29	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	41	30	the	the	DET
issue-3061	41	31	necessity	necessity	NOUN
issue-3061	41	32	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	41	33	forward	forward	ADV
issue-3061	41	34	-	-	PUNCT
issue-3061	41	35	looking	look	VERB
issue-3061	41	36	research	research	NOUN
issue-3061	41	37	agendas	agenda	NOUN
issue-3061	41	38	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	41	39	harris	harris	PROPN
issue-3061	41	40	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	41	41	hadi	hadi	PROPN
issue-3061	41	42	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	41	43	ahmad	ahmad	PROPN
issue-3061	41	44	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	41	45	alshara	alshara	NOUN
issue-3061	41	46	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	41	47	2024	2024	NUM
issue-3061	41	48	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	41	49	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	42	1	concurrently	concurrently	ADV
issue-3061	42	2	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	42	3	scholarly	scholarly	ADJ
issue-3061	42	4	debate	debate	NOUN
issue-3061	42	5	persists	persist	VERB
issue-3061	42	6	regarding	regard	VERB
issue-3061	42	7	the	the	DET
issue-3061	42	8	true	true	ADJ
issue-3061	42	9	extent	extent	NOUN
issue-3061	42	10	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	42	11	generative	generative	ADJ
issue-3061	42	12	ai	ai	PROPN
issue-3061	42	13	's	's	PART
issue-3061	42	14	threat	threat	NOUN
issue-3061	42	15	within	within	ADP
issue-3061	42	16	the	the	DET
issue-3061	42	17	context	context	NOUN
issue-3061	42	18	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	42	19	the	the	DET
issue-3061	42	20	misinformation	misinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	42	21	landscape	landscape	NOUN
issue-3061	42	22	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	43	1	some	some	PRON
issue-3061	43	2	contend	contend	VERB
issue-3061	43	3	that	that	SCONJ
issue-3061	43	4	concerns	concern	NOUN
issue-3061	43	5	about	about	ADP
issue-3061	43	6	its	its	PRON
issue-3061	43	7	impact	impact	NOUN
issue-3061	43	8	may	may	AUX
issue-3061	43	9	be	be	AUX
issue-3061	43	10	exaggerated	exaggerated	ADJ
issue-3061	43	11	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	43	12	simon	simon	PROPN
issue-3061	43	13	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	43	14	altay	altay	NOUN
issue-3061	43	15	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	43	16	mercier	merci	ADJ
issue-3061	43	17	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	43	18	2023	2023	NUM
issue-3061	43	19	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	43	20	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	43	21	while	while	SCONJ
issue-3061	43	22	others	other	NOUN
issue-3061	43	23	underscore	underscore	VERB
issue-3061	43	24	the	the	DET
issue-3061	43	25	heightened	heightened	ADJ
issue-3061	43	26	risks	risk	NOUN
issue-3061	43	27	for	for	ADP
issue-3061	43	28	journalism	journalism	NOUN
issue-3061	43	29	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	43	30	public	public	ADJ
issue-3061	43	31	trust	trust	NOUN
issue-3061	43	32	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	43	33	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	43	34	democratic	democratic	ADJ
issue-3061	43	35	discourse	discourse	NOUN
issue-3061	43	36	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	43	37	bell	bell	NOUN
issue-3061	43	38	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	43	39	2023	2023	NUM
issue-3061	43	40	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	43	41	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	44	1	research	research	NOUN
issue-3061	44	2	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	44	3	a	a	DET
issue-3061	44	4	complementary	complementary	ADJ
issue-3061	44	5	field	field	NOUN
issue-3061	44	6	has	have	AUX
issue-3061	44	7	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
issue-3061	44	8	that	that	SCONJ
issue-3061	44	9	ai	ai	PROPN
issue-3061	44	10	systems	system	NOUN
issue-3061	44	11	have	have	VERB
issue-3061	44	12	the	the	DET
issue-3061	44	13	capacity	capacity	NOUN
issue-3061	44	14	to	to	PART
issue-3061	44	15	produce	produce	VERB
issue-3061	44	16	persuasive	persuasive	ADJ
issue-3061	44	17	propaganda	propaganda	NOUN
issue-3061	44	18	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	44	19	thus	thus	ADV
issue-3061	44	20	underscoring	underscore	VERB
issue-3061	44	21	the	the	DET
issue-3061	44	22	dual	dual	ADJ
issue-3061	44	23	-	-	PUNCT
issue-3061	44	24	use	use	NOUN
issue-3061	44	25	nature	nature	NOUN
issue-3061	44	26	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	44	27	these	these	DET
issue-3061	44	28	technologies	technology	NOUN
issue-3061	44	29	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	44	30	the	the	DET
issue-3061	44	31	information	information	NOUN
issue-3061	44	32	domain	domain	NOUN
issue-3061	44	33	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	44	34	goldstein	goldstein	PROPN
issue-3061	44	35	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	44	36	chao	chao	PROPN
issue-3061	44	37	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	44	38	grossman	grossman	PROPN
issue-3061	44	39	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	44	40	stamos	stamos	PROPN
issue-3061	44	41	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	44	42	tomz	tomz	NOUN
issue-3061	44	43	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	44	44	2023	2023	NUM
issue-3061	44	45	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	44	46	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	45	1	the	the	DET
issue-3061	45	2	objective	objective	NOUN
issue-3061	45	3	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	45	4	this	this	DET
issue-3061	45	5	study	study	NOUN
issue-3061	45	6	is	be	AUX
issue-3061	45	7	to	to	PART
issue-3061	45	8	formulate	formulate	VERB
issue-3061	45	9	a	a	DET
issue-3061	45	10	methodological	methodological	ADJ
issue-3061	45	11	approach	approach	NOUN
issue-3061	45	12	for	for	ADP
issue-3061	45	13	the	the	DET
issue-3061	45	14	identification	identification	NOUN
issue-3061	45	15	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	45	16	the	the	DET
issue-3061	45	17	emotional	emotional	ADJ
issue-3061	45	18	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	45	19	manipulative	manipulative	ADJ
issue-3061	45	20	structure	structure	NOUN
issue-3061	45	21	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	45	22	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	45	23	messages	message	NOUN
issue-3061	45	24	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	45	25	utilising	utilise	VERB
issue-3061	45	26	speech	speech	NOUN
issue-3061	45	27	act	act	NOUN
issue-3061	45	28	theory	theory	NOUN
issue-3061	45	29	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	45	30	artificial	artificial	ADJ
issue-3061	45	31	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
issue-3061	45	32	tools	tool	NOUN
issue-3061	45	33	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	46	1	2	2	X
issue-3061	46	2	.	.	X
issue-3061	46	3	research	research	NOUN
issue-3061	46	4	methodology	methodology	NOUN
issue-3061	46	5	the	the	DET
issue-3061	46	6	methodological	methodological	ADJ
issue-3061	46	7	basis	basis	NOUN
issue-3061	46	8	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	46	9	this	this	DET
issue-3061	46	10	study	study	NOUN
issue-3061	46	11	is	be	AUX
issue-3061	46	12	the	the	DET
issue-3061	46	13	integration	integration	NOUN
issue-3061	46	14	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	46	15	speech	speech	NOUN
issue-3061	46	16	act	act	NOUN
issue-3061	46	17	theory	theory	NOUN
issue-3061	46	18	with	with	ADP
issue-3061	46	19	artificial	artificial	ADJ
issue-3061	46	20	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
issue-3061	46	21	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	46	22	ai	ai	NOUN
issue-3061	46	23	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	46	24	tools	tool	NOUN
issue-3061	46	25	for	for	ADP
issue-3061	46	26	the	the	DET
issue-3061	46	27	purpose	purpose	NOUN
issue-3061	46	28	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	46	29	modelling	model	VERB
issue-3061	46	30	the	the	DET
issue-3061	46	31	communicative	communicative	ADJ
issue-3061	46	32	structure	structure	NOUN
issue-3061	46	33	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	46	34	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	46	35	messages	message	NOUN
issue-3061	46	36	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	47	1	the	the	DET
issue-3061	47	2	approach	approach	NOUN
issue-3061	47	3	is	be	AUX
issue-3061	47	4	grounded	ground	VERB
issue-3061	47	5	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	47	6	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
issue-3061	47	7	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
issue-3061	47	8	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	47	9	where	where	SCONJ
issue-3061	47	10	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	47	11	is	be	AUX
issue-3061	47	12	interpreted	interpret	VERB
issue-3061	47	13	as	as	ADP
issue-3061	47	14	a	a	DET
issue-3061	47	15	structured	structured	ADJ
issue-3061	47	16	communicative	communicative	ADJ
issue-3061	47	17	act	act	NOUN
issue-3061	47	18	comprising	comprise	VERB
issue-3061	47	19	three	three	NUM
issue-3061	47	20	interrelated	interrelated	ADJ
issue-3061	47	21	levels	level	NOUN
issue-3061	47	22	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	47	23	locutionary	locutionary	ADJ
issue-3061	47	24	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	47	25	illocutionary	illocutionary	ADJ
issue-3061	47	26	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	47	27	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	47	28	perlocutionary	perlocutionary	ADJ
issue-3061	47	29	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	48	1	each	each	DET
issue-3061	48	2	level	level	NOUN
issue-3061	48	3	is	be	AUX
issue-3061	48	4	characterised	characterise	VERB
issue-3061	48	5	by	by	ADP
issue-3061	48	6	specific	specific	ADJ
issue-3061	48	7	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
issue-3061	48	8	features	feature	NOUN
issue-3061	48	9	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	48	10	communicative	communicative	ADJ
issue-3061	48	11	functions	function	NOUN
issue-3061	48	12	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	49	1	the	the	DET
issue-3061	49	2	research	research	NOUN
issue-3061	49	3	design	design	NOUN
issue-3061	49	4	includes	include	VERB
issue-3061	49	5	the	the	DET
issue-3061	49	6	following	follow	VERB
issue-3061	49	7	key	key	ADJ
issue-3061	49	8	stages	stage	NOUN
issue-3061	49	9	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	49	10	1	1	X
issue-3061	49	11	.	.	X
issue-3061	49	12	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
issue-3061	49	13	framework	framework	NOUN
issue-3061	49	14	development	development	NOUN
issue-3061	49	15	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	50	1	a	a	DET
issue-3061	50	2	classification	classification	NOUN
issue-3061	50	3	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	50	4	speech	speech	NOUN
issue-3061	50	5	acts	act	NOUN
issue-3061	50	6	based	base	VERB
issue-3061	50	7	on	on	ADP
issue-3061	50	8	the	the	DET
issue-3061	50	9	works	work	NOUN
issue-3061	50	10	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	50	11	j.	j.	PROPN
issue-3061	50	12	austin	austin	PROPN
issue-3061	50	13	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	50	14	j.	j.	PROPN
issue-3061	50	15	searle	searle	PROPN
issue-3061	50	16	is	be	AUX
issue-3061	50	17	adapted	adapt	VERB
issue-3061	50	18	for	for	ADP
issue-3061	50	19	analysing	analyse	VERB
issue-3061	50	20	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	50	21	messages	message	NOUN
issue-3061	50	22	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	51	1	assertions	assertion	NOUN
issue-3061	51	2	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	51	3	directives	directive	NOUN
issue-3061	51	4	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	51	5	commissives	commissive	NOUN
issue-3061	51	6	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	51	7	expressions	expression	NOUN
issue-3061	51	8	are	be	AUX
issue-3061	51	9	used	use	VERB
issue-3061	51	10	as	as	ADP
issue-3061	51	11	the	the	DET
issue-3061	51	12	core	core	ADJ
issue-3061	51	13	illocutionary	illocutionary	ADJ
issue-3061	51	14	categories	category	NOUN
issue-3061	51	15	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	51	16	while	while	SCONJ
issue-3061	51	17	verbal	verbal	ADJ
issue-3061	51	18	expressive	expressive	ADJ
issue-3061	51	19	devices	device	NOUN
issue-3061	51	20	such	such	ADJ
issue-3061	51	21	as	as	ADP
issue-3061	51	22	epithets	epithet	NOUN
issue-3061	51	23	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	51	24	metaphors	metaphor	NOUN
issue-3061	51	25	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	51	26	anaphora	anaphora	NOUN
issue-3061	51	27	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	51	28	hyperbole	hyperbole	NOUN
issue-3061	51	29	serve	serve	VERB
issue-3061	51	30	as	as	ADP
issue-3061	51	31	indicators	indicator	NOUN
issue-3061	51	32	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	51	33	the	the	DET
issue-3061	51	34	perlocutionary	perlocutionary	ADJ
issue-3061	51	35	effect	effect	NOUN
issue-3061	51	36	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	52	1	2	2	X
issue-3061	52	2	.	.	X
issue-3061	52	3	corpus	corpus	NOUN
issue-3061	52	4	formation	formation	NOUN
issue-3061	52	5	involves	involve	VERB
issue-3061	52	6	compiling	compile	VERB
issue-3061	52	7	a	a	DET
issue-3061	52	8	set	set	NOUN
issue-3061	52	9	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	52	10	realworld	realworld	PROPN
issue-3061	52	11	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	52	12	messages	message	NOUN
issue-3061	52	13	from	from	ADP
issue-3061	52	14	open	open	ADJ
issue-3061	52	15	sources	source	NOUN
issue-3061	52	16	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	52	17	baltic	baltic	ADJ
issue-3061	52	18	journal	journal	NOUN
issue-3061	52	19	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	52	20	economic	economic	ADJ
issue-3061	52	21	studies	study	NOUN
issue-3061	52	22	412	412	NUM
issue-3061	52	23	vol	vol	NOUN
issue-3061	52	24	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	52	25	11	11	NUM
issue-3061	53	1	no	no	NOUN
issue-3061	53	2	.	.	NOUN
issue-3061	53	3	4	4	NUM
issue-3061	53	4	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	53	5	2025	2025	NUM
issue-3061	53	6	such	such	ADJ
issue-3061	53	7	as	as	ADP
issue-3061	53	8	social	social	ADJ
issue-3061	53	9	media	medium	NOUN
issue-3061	53	10	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	53	11	propaganda	propaganda	NOUN
issue-3061	53	12	sites	site	NOUN
issue-3061	53	13	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	53	14	messaging	message	VERB
issue-3061	53	15	platforms	platform	NOUN
issue-3061	53	16	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	54	1	each	each	DET
issue-3061	54	2	message	message	NOUN
issue-3061	54	3	is	be	AUX
issue-3061	54	4	then	then	ADV
issue-3061	54	5	manually	manually	ADV
issue-3061	54	6	and/or	and/or	CCONJ
issue-3061	54	7	semiautomatically	semiautomatically	ADV
issue-3061	54	8	annotated	annotate	VERB
issue-3061	54	9	to	to	PART
issue-3061	54	10	identify	identify	VERB
issue-3061	54	11	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
issue-3061	54	12	markers	marker	NOUN
issue-3061	54	13	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	54	14	emotional	emotional	ADJ
issue-3061	54	15	content	content	NOUN
issue-3061	54	16	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	55	1	3	3	X
issue-3061	55	2	.	.	X
issue-3061	55	3	text	text	NOUN
issue-3061	55	4	preprocessing	preprocessing	NOUN
issue-3061	55	5	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	56	1	nlp	nlp	ADJ
issue-3061	56	2	tools	tool	NOUN
issue-3061	56	3	are	be	AUX
issue-3061	56	4	used	use	VERB
issue-3061	56	5	for	for	ADP
issue-3061	56	6	tokenisation	tokenisation	NOUN
issue-3061	56	7	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	56	8	lemmatisation	lemmatisation	NOUN
issue-3061	56	9	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	56	10	part	part	NOUN
issue-3061	56	11	-	-	PUNCT
issue-3061	56	12	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	56	13	-	-	PUNCT
issue-3061	56	14	speech	speech	NOUN
issue-3061	56	15	tagging	tagging	NOUN
issue-3061	56	16	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	56	17	syntactic	syntactic	ADJ
issue-3061	56	18	parsing	parsing	NOUN
issue-3061	56	19	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	57	1	stop	stop	VERB
issue-3061	57	2	words	word	NOUN
issue-3061	57	3	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	57	4	other	other	ADJ
issue-3061	57	5	irrelevant	irrelevant	ADJ
issue-3061	57	6	elements	element	NOUN
issue-3061	57	7	are	be	AUX
issue-3061	57	8	removed	remove	VERB
issue-3061	57	9	to	to	PART
issue-3061	57	10	ensure	ensure	VERB
issue-3061	57	11	clean	clean	ADJ
issue-3061	57	12	input	input	NOUN
issue-3061	57	13	for	for	ADP
issue-3061	57	14	semantic	semantic	ADJ
issue-3061	57	15	analysis	analysis	NOUN
issue-3061	57	16	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	58	1	4	4	X
issue-3061	58	2	.	.	X
issue-3061	58	3	locutionary	locutionary	ADJ
issue-3061	58	4	analysis	analysis	NOUN
issue-3061	58	5	is	be	AUX
issue-3061	58	6	the	the	DET
issue-3061	58	7	process	process	NOUN
issue-3061	58	8	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	58	9	identifying	identify	VERB
issue-3061	58	10	the	the	DET
issue-3061	58	11	basic	basic	ADJ
issue-3061	58	12	propositional	propositional	ADJ
issue-3061	58	13	structure	structure	NOUN
issue-3061	58	14	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	58	15	messages	message	NOUN
issue-3061	58	16	through	through	ADP
issue-3061	58	17	the	the	DET
issue-3061	58	18	analysis	analysis	NOUN
issue-3061	58	19	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	58	20	reference	reference	NOUN
issue-3061	58	21	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	58	22	nouns	noun	NOUN
issue-3061	58	23	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	58	24	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	58	25	predication	predication	NOUN
issue-3061	58	26	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	58	27	verbs	verbs	PROPN
issue-3061	58	28	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	58	29	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	58	30	grammatical	grammatical	ADJ
issue-3061	58	31	cohesion	cohesion	NOUN
issue-3061	58	32	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	59	1	semantic	semantic	ADJ
issue-3061	59	2	networks	network	NOUN
issue-3061	59	3	are	be	AUX
issue-3061	59	4	utilised	utilise	VERB
issue-3061	59	5	for	for	ADP
issue-3061	59	6	the	the	DET
issue-3061	59	7	extraction	extraction	NOUN
issue-3061	59	8	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	59	9	central	central	ADJ
issue-3061	59	10	entities	entity	NOUN
issue-3061	59	11	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	59	12	actions	action	NOUN
issue-3061	59	13	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	60	1	5	5	X
issue-3061	60	2	.	.	X
issue-3061	60	3	illocutionary	illocutionary	ADJ
issue-3061	60	4	analysis	analysis	NOUN
issue-3061	60	5	involves	involve	VERB
issue-3061	60	6	the	the	DET
issue-3061	60	7	use	use	NOUN
issue-3061	60	8	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	60	9	modal	modal	ADJ
issue-3061	60	10	verbs	verb	NOUN
issue-3061	60	11	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	60	12	discourse	discourse	NOUN
issue-3061	60	13	markers	marker	NOUN
issue-3061	60	14	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	60	15	syntactic	syntactic	ADJ
issue-3061	60	16	structures	structure	NOUN
issue-3061	60	17	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	60	18	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	60	19	illocutionary	illocutionary	ADJ
issue-3061	60	20	force	force	NOUN
issue-3061	60	21	indicators	indicator	NOUN
issue-3061	60	22	for	for	ADP
issue-3061	60	23	the	the	DET
issue-3061	60	24	classification	classification	NOUN
issue-3061	60	25	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	60	26	speech	speech	NOUN
issue-3061	60	27	acts	act	NOUN
issue-3061	60	28	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	60	29	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
issue-3061	60	30	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	60	31	assertive	assertive	ADJ
issue-3061	60	32	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	60	33	directive	directive	NOUN
issue-3061	60	34	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	60	35	through	through	ADP
issue-3061	60	36	the	the	DET
issue-3061	60	37	utilisation	utilisation	NOUN
issue-3061	60	38	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	60	39	supervised	supervised	ADJ
issue-3061	60	40	machine	machine	NOUN
issue-3061	60	41	learning	learning	NOUN
issue-3061	60	42	models	model	NOUN
issue-3061	60	43	that	that	PRON
issue-3061	60	44	have	have	AUX
issue-3061	60	45	been	be	AUX
issue-3061	60	46	trained	train	VERB
issue-3061	60	47	on	on	ADP
issue-3061	60	48	annotated	annotate	VERB
issue-3061	60	49	examples	example	NOUN
issue-3061	60	50	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	61	1	6	6	X
issue-3061	61	2	.	.	X
issue-3061	61	3	perlocutionary	perlocutionary	ADJ
issue-3061	61	4	analysis	analysis	NOUN
issue-3061	61	5	assesses	assess	VERB
issue-3061	61	6	the	the	DET
issue-3061	61	7	emotional	emotional	ADJ
issue-3061	61	8	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	61	9	manipulative	manipulative	ADJ
issue-3061	61	10	potential	potential	NOUN
issue-3061	61	11	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	61	12	verbal	verbal	ADJ
issue-3061	61	13	structures	structure	NOUN
issue-3061	61	14	using	use	VERB
issue-3061	61	15	sentiment	sentiment	NOUN
issue-3061	61	16	analysis	analysis	NOUN
issue-3061	61	17	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	61	18	emotion	emotion	NOUN
issue-3061	61	19	classification	classification	NOUN
issue-3061	61	20	models	model	NOUN
issue-3061	61	21	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	61	22	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
issue-3061	61	23	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	61	24	bert	bert	PROPN
issue-3061	61	25	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	61	26	roberta	roberta	PROPN
issue-3061	61	27	or	or	CCONJ
issue-3061	61	28	gpt	gpt	NOUN
issue-3061	61	29	-	-	PUNCT
issue-3061	61	30	based	base	VERB
issue-3061	61	31	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	61	32	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	62	1	lexical	lexical	ADJ
issue-3061	62	2	items	item	NOUN
issue-3061	62	3	are	be	AUX
issue-3061	62	4	evaluated	evaluate	VERB
issue-3061	62	5	using	use	VERB
issue-3061	62	6	emotion	emotion	NOUN
issue-3061	62	7	lexicons	lexicon	NOUN
issue-3061	62	8	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	62	9	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
issue-3061	62	10	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	62	11	nrc	nrc	PROPN
issue-3061	62	12	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	62	13	liwc	liwc	PROPN
issue-3061	62	14	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	62	15	to	to	PART
issue-3061	62	16	determine	determine	VERB
issue-3061	62	17	their	their	PRON
issue-3061	62	18	influence	influence	NOUN
issue-3061	62	19	on	on	ADP
issue-3061	62	20	how	how	SCONJ
issue-3061	62	21	recipients	recipient	NOUN
issue-3061	62	22	perceive	perceive	VERB
issue-3061	62	23	them	they	PRON
issue-3061	62	24	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	62	25	their	their	PRON
issue-3061	62	26	potential	potential	ADJ
issue-3061	62	27	behavioural	behavioural	ADJ
issue-3061	62	28	effects	effect	NOUN
issue-3061	62	29	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	63	1	7	7	X
issue-3061	63	2	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	63	3	model	model	NOUN
issue-3061	63	4	construction	construction	NOUN
issue-3061	63	5	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	64	1	a	a	DET
issue-3061	64	2	layered	layered	ADJ
issue-3061	64	3	analytical	analytical	ADJ
issue-3061	64	4	model	model	NOUN
issue-3061	64	5	is	be	AUX
issue-3061	64	6	developed	develop	VERB
issue-3061	64	7	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	64	8	mapping	map	VERB
issue-3061	64	9	each	each	DET
issue-3061	64	10	component	component	NOUN
issue-3061	64	11	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	64	12	the	the	DET
issue-3061	64	13	message	message	NOUN
issue-3061	64	14	to	to	ADP
issue-3061	64	15	its	its	PRON
issue-3061	64	16	corresponding	corresponding	ADJ
issue-3061	64	17	speech	speech	NOUN
issue-3061	64	18	act	act	NOUN
issue-3061	64	19	level	level	NOUN
issue-3061	64	20	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	65	1	the	the	DET
issue-3061	65	2	model	model	NOUN
issue-3061	65	3	visualises	visualise	VERB
issue-3061	65	4	how	how	SCONJ
issue-3061	65	5	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
issue-3061	65	6	elements	element	NOUN
issue-3061	65	7	contribute	contribute	VERB
issue-3061	65	8	to	to	ADP
issue-3061	65	9	the	the	DET
issue-3061	65	10	overall	overall	ADJ
issue-3061	65	11	communicative	communicative	ADJ
issue-3061	65	12	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	65	13	manipulative	manipulative	ADJ
issue-3061	65	14	power	power	NOUN
issue-3061	65	15	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	65	16	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	65	17	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	66	1	8	8	NUM
issue-3061	66	2	.	.	X
issue-3061	66	3	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
issue-3061	66	4	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	66	5	validation	validation	NOUN
issue-3061	66	6	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	67	1	the	the	DET
issue-3061	67	2	model	model	NOUN
issue-3061	67	3	is	be	AUX
issue-3061	67	4	evaluated	evaluate	VERB
issue-3061	67	5	using	use	VERB
issue-3061	67	6	new	new	ADJ
issue-3061	67	7	message	message	NOUN
issue-3061	67	8	samples	sample	NOUN
issue-3061	67	9	to	to	PART
issue-3061	67	10	ascertain	ascertain	VERB
issue-3061	67	11	its	its	PRON
issue-3061	67	12	precision	precision	NOUN
issue-3061	67	13	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	67	14	detecting	detect	VERB
issue-3061	67	15	emotional	emotional	ADJ
issue-3061	67	16	tone	tone	NOUN
issue-3061	67	17	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	67	18	communicative	communicative	ADJ
issue-3061	67	19	intent	intent	NOUN
issue-3061	67	20	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	67	21	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	67	22	manipulative	manipulative	ADJ
issue-3061	67	23	constructs	construct	NOUN
issue-3061	67	24	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	68	1	the	the	DET
issue-3061	68	2	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
issue-3061	68	3	process	process	NOUN
issue-3061	68	4	involves	involve	VERB
issue-3061	68	5	human	human	NOUN
issue-3061	68	6	-	-	PUNCT
issue-3061	68	7	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	68	8	-	-	PUNCT
issue-3061	68	9	the	the	DET
issue-3061	68	10	-	-	PUNCT
issue-3061	68	11	loop	loop	NOUN
issue-3061	68	12	validation	validation	NOUN
issue-3061	68	13	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	68	14	crosscomparison	crosscomparison	NOUN
issue-3061	68	15	with	with	ADP
issue-3061	68	16	existing	exist	VERB
issue-3061	68	17	fact	fact	NOUN
issue-3061	68	18	-	-	PUNCT
issue-3061	68	19	checking	check	VERB
issue-3061	68	20	datasets	dataset	NOUN
issue-3061	68	21	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	69	1	the	the	DET
issue-3061	69	2	methodological	methodological	ADJ
issue-3061	69	3	innovation	innovation	NOUN
issue-3061	69	4	resides	reside	VERB
issue-3061	69	5	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	69	6	the	the	DET
issue-3061	69	7	systematic	systematic	ADJ
issue-3061	69	8	integration	integration	NOUN
issue-3061	69	9	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	69	10	speech	speech	NOUN
issue-3061	69	11	act	act	NOUN
issue-3061	69	12	theory	theory	NOUN
issue-3061	69	13	with	with	ADP
issue-3061	69	14	computational	computational	ADJ
issue-3061	69	15	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
issue-3061	69	16	analysis	analysis	NOUN
issue-3061	69	17	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	69	18	thereby	thereby	ADV
issue-3061	69	19	facilitating	facilitate	VERB
issue-3061	69	20	the	the	DET
issue-3061	69	21	automation	automation	NOUN
issue-3061	69	22	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	69	23	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	69	24	diagnostics	diagnostic	NOUN
issue-3061	69	25	not	not	PART
issue-3061	69	26	only	only	ADV
issue-3061	69	27	at	at	ADP
issue-3061	69	28	the	the	DET
issue-3061	69	29	lexical	lexical	ADJ
issue-3061	69	30	-	-	PUNCT
issue-3061	69	31	semantic	semantic	ADJ
issue-3061	69	32	level	level	NOUN
issue-3061	69	33	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	69	34	but	but	CCONJ
issue-3061	69	35	also	also	ADV
issue-3061	69	36	at	at	ADP
issue-3061	69	37	the	the	DET
issue-3061	69	38	level	level	NOUN
issue-3061	69	39	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	69	40	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
issue-3061	69	41	intent	intent	NOUN
issue-3061	69	42	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	70	1	this	this	DET
issue-3061	70	2	methodology	methodology	NOUN
issue-3061	70	3	constitutes	constitute	VERB
issue-3061	70	4	the	the	DET
issue-3061	70	5	basis	basis	NOUN
issue-3061	70	6	for	for	ADP
issue-3061	70	7	the	the	DET
issue-3061	70	8	development	development	NOUN
issue-3061	70	9	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	70	10	scalable	scalable	ADJ
issue-3061	70	11	tools	tool	NOUN
issue-3061	70	12	within	within	ADP
issue-3061	70	13	the	the	DET
issue-3061	70	14	domains	domain	NOUN
issue-3061	70	15	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	70	16	information	information	NOUN
issue-3061	70	17	security	security	NOUN
issue-3061	70	18	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	70	19	cognitive	cognitive	ADJ
issue-3061	70	20	resilience	resilience	NOUN
issue-3061	70	21	systems	system	NOUN
issue-3061	70	22	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	71	1	3	3	X
issue-3061	71	2	.	.	X
issue-3061	71	3	research	research	NOUN
issue-3061	71	4	results	result	VERB
issue-3061	71	5	the	the	DET
issue-3061	71	6	dissemination	dissemination	NOUN
issue-3061	71	7	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	71	8	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	71	9	can	can	AUX
issue-3061	71	10	be	be	AUX
issue-3061	71	11	regarded	regard	VERB
issue-3061	71	12	as	as	ADP
issue-3061	71	13	a	a	DET
issue-3061	71	14	communicative	communicative	ADJ
issue-3061	71	15	act	act	NOUN
issue-3061	71	16	that	that	PRON
issue-3061	71	17	has	have	VERB
issue-3061	71	18	the	the	DET
issue-3061	71	19	capacity	capacity	NOUN
issue-3061	71	20	to	to	PART
issue-3061	71	21	influence	influence	VERB
issue-3061	71	22	the	the	DET
issue-3061	71	23	perceptions	perception	NOUN
issue-3061	71	24	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	71	25	emotions	emotion	NOUN
issue-3061	71	26	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	71	27	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	71	28	actions	action	NOUN
issue-3061	71	29	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	71	30	the	the	DET
issue-3061	71	31	recipient	recipient	NOUN
issue-3061	71	32	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	72	1	the	the	DET
issue-3061	72	2	emotional	emotional	ADJ
issue-3061	72	3	tone	tone	NOUN
issue-3061	72	4	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	72	5	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	72	6	is	be	AUX
issue-3061	72	7	a	a	DET
issue-3061	72	8	key	key	ADJ
issue-3061	72	9	indicator	indicator	NOUN
issue-3061	72	10	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	72	11	its	its	PRON
issue-3061	72	12	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
issue-3061	72	13	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	73	1	the	the	DET
issue-3061	73	2	formation	formation	NOUN
issue-3061	73	3	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	73	4	verbal	verbal	ADJ
issue-3061	73	5	elements	element	NOUN
issue-3061	73	6	is	be	AUX
issue-3061	73	7	understood	understand	VERB
issue-3061	73	8	as	as	ADP
issue-3061	73	9	a	a	DET
issue-3061	73	10	communicative	communicative	ADJ
issue-3061	73	11	act	act	NOUN
issue-3061	73	12	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	74	1	the	the	DET
issue-3061	74	2	identification	identification	NOUN
issue-3061	74	3	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	74	4	the	the	DET
issue-3061	74	5	specifics	specific	NOUN
issue-3061	74	6	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	74	7	communicative	communicative	ADJ
issue-3061	74	8	intent	intent	NOUN
issue-3061	74	9	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	74	10	message	message	NOUN
issue-3061	74	11	formation	formation	NOUN
issue-3061	74	12	is	be	AUX
issue-3061	74	13	carried	carry	VERB
issue-3061	74	14	out	out	ADP
issue-3061	74	15	from	from	ADP
issue-3061	74	16	the	the	DET
issue-3061	74	17	perspective	perspective	NOUN
issue-3061	74	18	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	74	19	speech	speech	NOUN
issue-3061	74	20	act	act	NOUN
issue-3061	74	21	theory	theory	NOUN
issue-3061	74	22	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	74	23	austin	austin	PROPN
issue-3061	74	24	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	74	25	1986	1986	NUM
issue-3061	74	26	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	74	27	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	75	1	the	the	DET
issue-3061	75	2	authors	author	NOUN
issue-3061	75	3	propose	propose	VERB
issue-3061	75	4	identifying	identify	VERB
issue-3061	75	5	the	the	DET
issue-3061	75	6	locutionary	locutionary	ADJ
issue-3061	75	7	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	75	8	illocutionary	illocutionary	ADJ
issue-3061	75	9	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	75	10	perlocutionary	perlocutionary	ADJ
issue-3061	75	11	components	component	NOUN
issue-3061	75	12	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	75	13	verbal	verbal	ADJ
issue-3061	75	14	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	75	15	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	75	16	transposing	transpose	VERB
issue-3061	75	17	the	the	DET
issue-3061	75	18	terminology	terminology	NOUN
issue-3061	75	19	traditionally	traditionally	ADV
issue-3061	75	20	applied	apply	VERB
issue-3061	75	21	to	to	ADP
issue-3061	75	22	specific	specific	ADJ
issue-3061	75	23	speech	speech	NOUN
issue-3061	75	24	acts	act	VERB
issue-3061	75	25	into	into	ADP
issue-3061	75	26	the	the	DET
issue-3061	75	27	information	information	NOUN
issue-3061	75	28	environment	environment	NOUN
issue-3061	75	29	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	75	30	see	see	VERB
issue-3061	75	31	fig	fig	NOUN
issue-3061	75	32	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	76	1	1	1	NUM
issue-3061	76	2	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	76	3	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	77	1	a	a	DET
issue-3061	77	2	communicative	communicative	ADJ
issue-3061	77	3	act	act	NOUN
issue-3061	77	4	is	be	AUX
issue-3061	77	5	a	a	DET
issue-3061	77	6	complex	complex	ADJ
issue-3061	77	7	phenomenon	phenomenon	NOUN
issue-3061	77	8	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	78	1	according	accord	VERB
issue-3061	78	2	to	to	ADP
issue-3061	78	3	speech	speech	NOUN
issue-3061	78	4	act	act	NOUN
issue-3061	78	5	theory	theory	NOUN
issue-3061	78	6	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	78	7	a	a	DET
issue-3061	78	8	speech	speech	NOUN
issue-3061	78	9	act	act	NOUN
issue-3061	78	10	can	can	AUX
issue-3061	78	11	be	be	AUX
issue-3061	78	12	analysed	analyse	VERB
issue-3061	78	13	at	at	ADP
issue-3061	78	14	three	three	NUM
issue-3061	78	15	levels	level	NOUN
issue-3061	78	16	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	79	1	initially	initially	ADV
issue-3061	79	2	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	79	3	a	a	DET
issue-3061	79	4	speech	speech	NOUN
issue-3061	79	5	act	act	NOUN
issue-3061	79	6	can	can	AUX
issue-3061	79	7	be	be	AUX
issue-3061	79	8	viewed	view	VERB
issue-3061	79	9	as	as	ADP
issue-3061	79	10	the	the	DET
issue-3061	79	11	act	act	NOUN
issue-3061	79	12	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	79	13	saying	say	VERB
issue-3061	79	14	something	something	PRON
issue-3061	79	15	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	80	1	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	80	2	this	this	DET
issue-3061	80	3	aspect	aspect	NOUN
issue-3061	80	4	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	80	5	the	the	DET
issue-3061	80	6	speech	speech	NOUN
issue-3061	80	7	act	act	NOUN
issue-3061	80	8	is	be	AUX
issue-3061	80	9	treated	treat	VERB
issue-3061	80	10	as	as	ADP
issue-3061	80	11	a	a	DET
issue-3061	80	12	locutionary	locutionary	ADJ
issue-3061	80	13	act	act	NOUN
issue-3061	80	14	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	80	15	from	from	ADP
issue-3061	80	16	latin	latin	ADJ
issue-3061	80	17	‘	'	PUNCT
issue-3061	80	18	locution	locution	NOUN
issue-3061	80	19	’	'	PUNCT
issue-3061	80	20	–	–	PUNCT
issue-3061	80	21	"	"	PUNCT
issue-3061	80	22	speaking	speak	VERB
issue-3061	80	23	"	"	PUNCT
issue-3061	80	24	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	80	25	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	81	1	the	the	DET
issue-3061	81	2	locutionary	locutionary	ADJ
issue-3061	81	3	act	act	NOUN
issue-3061	81	4	is	be	AUX
issue-3061	81	5	a	a	DET
issue-3061	81	6	complex	complex	ADJ
issue-3061	81	7	structure	structure	NOUN
issue-3061	81	8	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	81	9	itself	itself	PRON
issue-3061	81	10	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	81	11	comprising	comprise	VERB
issue-3061	81	12	sound	sound	NOUN
issue-3061	81	13	production	production	NOUN
issue-3061	81	14	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	81	15	phonation	phonation	NOUN
issue-3061	81	16	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	81	17	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	81	18	word	word	NOUN
issue-3061	81	19	usage	usage	NOUN
issue-3061	81	20	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	81	21	syntactic	syntactic	ADJ
issue-3061	81	22	arrangement	arrangement	NOUN
issue-3061	81	23	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	81	24	the	the	DET
issue-3061	81	25	denotation	denotation	NOUN
issue-3061	81	26	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	81	27	objects	object	NOUN
issue-3061	81	28	through	through	ADP
issue-3061	81	29	language	language	NOUN
issue-3061	81	30	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	81	31	reference	reference	NOUN
issue-3061	81	32	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	81	33	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	81	34	as	as	ADV
issue-3061	81	35	well	well	ADV
issue-3061	81	36	as	as	ADP
issue-3061	81	37	the	the	DET
issue-3061	81	38	attribution	attribution	NOUN
issue-3061	81	39	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	81	40	properties	property	NOUN
issue-3061	81	41	or	or	CCONJ
issue-3061	81	42	relations	relation	NOUN
issue-3061	81	43	to	to	ADP
issue-3061	81	44	these	these	DET
issue-3061	81	45	objects	object	NOUN
issue-3061	81	46	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	81	47	predication	predication	NOUN
issue-3061	81	48	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	81	49	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	82	1	traditionally	traditionally	ADV
issue-3061	82	2	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	82	3	the	the	DET
issue-3061	82	4	focus	focus	NOUN
issue-3061	82	5	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	82	6	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
issue-3061	82	7	has	have	AUX
issue-3061	82	8	been	be	AUX
issue-3061	82	9	on	on	ADP
issue-3061	82	10	the	the	DET
issue-3061	82	11	locutionary	locutionary	ADJ
issue-3061	82	12	aspect	aspect	NOUN
issue-3061	82	13	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	82	14	speech	speech	NOUN
issue-3061	82	15	acts	act	NOUN
issue-3061	82	16	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	83	1	however	however	ADV
issue-3061	83	2	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	83	3	the	the	DET
issue-3061	83	4	illocutionary	illocutionary	ADJ
issue-3061	83	5	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	83	6	perlocutionary	perlocutionary	ADJ
issue-3061	83	7	effects	effect	NOUN
issue-3061	83	8	–	–	PUNCT
issue-3061	83	9	especially	especially	ADV
issue-3061	83	10	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	83	11	the	the	DET
issue-3061	83	12	context	context	NOUN
issue-3061	83	13	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	83	14	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	83	15	tone	tone	NOUN
issue-3061	83	16	analysis	analysis	NOUN
issue-3061	83	17	–	–	PUNCT
issue-3061	83	18	have	have	AUX
issue-3061	83	19	rarely	rarely	ADV
issue-3061	83	20	been	be	AUX
issue-3061	83	21	systematically	systematically	ADV
issue-3061	83	22	explored	explore	VERB
issue-3061	83	23	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	83	24	despite	despite	SCONJ
issue-3061	83	25	their	their	PRON
issue-3061	83	26	potential	potential	NOUN
issue-3061	83	27	to	to	PART
issue-3061	83	28	influence	influence	VERB
issue-3061	83	29	public	public	ADJ
issue-3061	83	30	consciousness	consciousness	NOUN
issue-3061	83	31	both	both	CCONJ
issue-3061	83	32	directly	directly	ADV
issue-3061	83	33	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	83	34	indirectly	indirectly	ADV
issue-3061	83	35	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	84	1	later	later	ADV
issue-3061	84	2	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	84	3	american	american	ADJ
issue-3061	84	4	philosopher	philosopher	NOUN
issue-3061	84	5	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	84	6	searle	searle	PROPN
issue-3061	84	7	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	84	8	1986	1986	NUM
issue-3061	84	9	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	84	10	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	84	11	a	a	DET
issue-3061	84	12	student	student	NOUN
issue-3061	84	13	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	84	14	j.	j.	PROPN
issue-3061	84	15	austin	austin	PROPN
issue-3061	84	16	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	84	17	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	84	18	his	his	PRON
issue-3061	84	19	article	article	NOUN
issue-3061	84	20	a	a	DET
issue-3061	84	21	taxonomy	taxonomy	NOUN
issue-3061	84	22	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	84	23	illocutionary	illocutionary	ADJ
issue-3061	84	24	acts	act	NOUN
issue-3061	84	25	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	84	26	proposed	propose	VERB
issue-3061	84	27	several	several	ADJ
issue-3061	84	28	categories	category	NOUN
issue-3061	84	29	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	84	30	illocutionary	illocutionary	ADJ
issue-3061	84	31	acts	act	NOUN
issue-3061	84	32	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	84	33	which	which	PRON
issue-3061	84	34	the	the	DET
issue-3061	84	35	authors	author	NOUN
issue-3061	84	36	also	also	ADV
issue-3061	84	37	consider	consider	VERB
issue-3061	84	38	relevant	relevant	ADJ
issue-3061	84	39	for	for	ADP
issue-3061	84	40	identifying	identify	VERB
issue-3061	84	41	verbal	verbal	ADJ
issue-3061	84	42	elements	element	NOUN
issue-3061	84	43	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	84	44	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	84	45	messages	message	NOUN
issue-3061	84	46	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	84	47	–	–	PUNCT
issue-3061	84	48	assertives	assertive	NOUN
issue-3061	84	49	indicate	indicate	VERB
issue-3061	84	50	that	that	SCONJ
issue-3061	84	51	the	the	DET
issue-3061	84	52	speaker	speaker	NOUN
issue-3061	84	53	commits	commit	VERB
issue-3061	84	54	to	to	ADP
issue-3061	84	55	the	the	DET
issue-3061	84	56	truth	truth	NOUN
issue-3061	84	57	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	84	58	the	the	DET
issue-3061	84	59	expressed	express	VERB
issue-3061	84	60	proposition	proposition	NOUN
issue-3061	84	61	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	84	62	for	for	ADP
issue-3061	84	63	example	example	NOUN
issue-3061	84	64	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	84	65	to	to	PART
issue-3061	84	66	affirm	affirm	NOUN
issue-3061	84	67	or	or	CCONJ
issue-3061	84	68	deny	deny	VERB
issue-3061	84	69	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	84	70	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	85	1	–	–	PUNCT
issue-3061	85	2	directives	directive	NOUN
issue-3061	85	3	show	show	VERB
issue-3061	85	4	that	that	SCONJ
issue-3061	85	5	the	the	DET
issue-3061	85	6	speaker	speaker	NOUN
issue-3061	85	7	attempts	attempt	VERB
issue-3061	85	8	to	to	PART
issue-3061	85	9	persuade	persuade	VERB
issue-3061	85	10	the	the	DET
issue-3061	85	11	listener	listener	NOUN
issue-3061	85	12	to	to	PART
issue-3061	85	13	perform	perform	VERB
issue-3061	85	14	an	an	DET
issue-3061	85	15	action	action	NOUN
issue-3061	85	16	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	85	17	for	for	ADP
issue-3061	85	18	example	example	NOUN
issue-3061	85	19	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	85	20	to	to	PART
issue-3061	85	21	request	request	VERB
issue-3061	85	22	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	85	23	command	command	NOUN
issue-3061	85	24	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	85	25	permit	permit	NOUN
issue-3061	85	26	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	85	27	or	or	CCONJ
issue-3061	85	28	suggest	suggest	VERB
issue-3061	85	29	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	85	30	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	86	1	–	–	PUNCT
issue-3061	86	2	commissives	commissive	NOUN
issue-3061	86	3	express	express	VERB
issue-3061	86	4	the	the	DET
issue-3061	86	5	speaker	speaker	NOUN
issue-3061	86	6	’s	’s	PART
issue-3061	86	7	commitment	commitment	NOUN
issue-3061	86	8	to	to	ADP
issue-3061	86	9	a	a	DET
issue-3061	86	10	future	future	ADJ
issue-3061	86	11	action	action	NOUN
issue-3061	86	12	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	86	13	for	for	ADP
issue-3061	86	14	example	example	NOUN
issue-3061	86	15	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	86	16	to	to	PART
issue-3061	86	17	promise	promise	VERB
issue-3061	86	18	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	86	19	swear	swear	VERB
issue-3061	86	20	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	86	21	or	or	CCONJ
issue-3061	86	22	guarantee	guarantee	NOUN
issue-3061	86	23	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	86	24	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	87	1	–	–	PUNCT
issue-3061	87	2	expressives	expressive	NOUN
issue-3061	87	3	convey	convey	VERB
issue-3061	87	4	the	the	DET
issue-3061	87	5	speaker	speaker	NOUN
issue-3061	87	6	’s	’s	PART
issue-3061	87	7	psychological	psychological	ADJ
issue-3061	87	8	state	state	NOUN
issue-3061	87	9	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	87	10	for	for	ADP
issue-3061	87	11	example	example	NOUN
issue-3061	87	12	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	87	13	to	to	PART
issue-3061	87	14	thank	thank	VERB
issue-3061	87	15	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	87	16	congratulate	congratulate	VERB
issue-3061	87	17	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	87	18	apologise	apologise	NOUN
issue-3061	87	19	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	87	20	or	or	CCONJ
issue-3061	87	21	sympathise	sympathise	ADV
issue-3061	87	22	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	87	23	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	88	1	morphological	morphological	ADJ
issue-3061	88	2	units	unit	NOUN
issue-3061	88	3	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	88	4	emotive	emotive	ADJ
issue-3061	88	5	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	88	6	evaluative	evaluative	ADJ
issue-3061	88	7	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN
issue-3061	88	8	–	–	PUNCT
issue-3061	88	9	such	such	ADJ
issue-3061	88	10	as	as	ADP
issue-3061	88	11	epithets	epithet	NOUN
issue-3061	88	12	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	88	13	anaphora	anaphora	NOUN
issue-3061	88	14	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	88	15	metaphors	metaphor	NOUN
issue-3061	88	16	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	88	17	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	88	18	hyperbole	hyperbole	NOUN
issue-3061	88	19	–	–	PUNCT
issue-3061	88	20	often	often	ADV
issue-3061	88	21	manifest	manifest	VERB
issue-3061	88	22	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	88	23	adjectives	adjective	NOUN
issue-3061	88	24	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	88	25	nouns	noun	NOUN
issue-3061	88	26	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	88	27	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	88	28	verbs	verb	NOUN
issue-3061	88	29	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	89	1	it	it	PRON
issue-3061	89	2	has	have	AUX
issue-3061	89	3	been	be	AUX
issue-3061	89	4	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
issue-3061	89	5	that	that	SCONJ
issue-3061	89	6	these	these	DET
issue-3061	89	7	parts	part	NOUN
issue-3061	89	8	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	89	9	speech	speech	NOUN
issue-3061	89	10	most	most	ADV
issue-3061	89	11	fully	fully	ADV
issue-3061	89	12	convey	convey	VERB
issue-3061	89	13	the	the	DET
issue-3061	89	14	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
issue-3061	89	15	orientation	orientation	NOUN
issue-3061	89	16	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	89	17	a	a	DET
issue-3061	89	18	text	text	NOUN
issue-3061	89	19	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	89	20	grajs	grajs	PROPN
issue-3061	89	21	g.p	g.p	PROPN
issue-3061	89	22	.	.	PROPN
issue-3061	89	23	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	89	24	1985	1985	NUM
issue-3061	89	25	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	89	26	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	90	1	the	the	DET
issue-3061	90	2	stylistic	stylistic	ADJ
issue-3061	90	3	colouring	colouring	NOUN
issue-3061	90	4	employed	employ	VERB
issue-3061	90	5	serves	serve	VERB
issue-3061	90	6	to	to	PART
issue-3061	90	7	accentuate	accentuate	VERB
issue-3061	90	8	pivotal	pivotal	ADJ
issue-3061	90	9	elements	element	NOUN
issue-3061	90	10	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	90	11	direct	direct	VERB
issue-3061	90	12	the	the	DET
issue-3061	90	13	viewer	viewer	NOUN
issue-3061	90	14	's	's	PART
issue-3061	90	15	attention	attention	NOUN
issue-3061	90	16	towards	towards	ADP
issue-3061	90	17	the	the	DET
issue-3061	90	18	desired	desire	VERB
issue-3061	90	19	emotional	emotional	ADJ
issue-3061	90	20	framing	framing	NOUN
issue-3061	90	21	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	91	1	by	by	ADP
issue-3061	91	2	constructing	construct	VERB
issue-3061	91	3	conceptual	conceptual	ADJ
issue-3061	91	4	images	image	NOUN
issue-3061	91	5	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	91	6	objects	object	NOUN
issue-3061	91	7	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	91	8	news	news	NOUN
issue-3061	91	9	or	or	CCONJ
issue-3061	91	10	messages	message	NOUN
issue-3061	91	11	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	91	12	nouns	noun	NOUN
issue-3061	91	13	enable	enable	VERB
issue-3061	91	14	the	the	DET
issue-3061	91	15	recipient	recipient	NOUN
issue-3061	91	16	to	to	PART
issue-3061	91	17	make	make	VERB
issue-3061	91	18	generalised	generalised	ADJ
issue-3061	91	19	associations	association	NOUN
issue-3061	91	20	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	92	1	verbs	verb	NOUN
issue-3061	92	2	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	92	3	with	with	ADP
issue-3061	92	4	their	their	PRON
issue-3061	92	5	dynamic	dynamic	ADJ
issue-3061	92	6	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	92	7	expressive	expressive	ADJ
issue-3061	92	8	nature	nature	NOUN
issue-3061	92	9	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	92	10	influence	influence	NOUN
issue-3061	92	11	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	92	12	prompt	prompt	VERB
issue-3061	92	13	the	the	DET
issue-3061	92	14	recipient	recipient	NOUN
issue-3061	92	15	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	92	16	baltic	baltic	ADJ
issue-3061	92	17	journal	journal	PROPN
issue-3061	92	18	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	92	19	economic	economic	ADJ
issue-3061	92	20	studies	study	NOUN
issue-3061	92	21	413	413	NUM
issue-3061	92	22	vol	vol	NOUN
issue-3061	92	23	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	92	24	11	11	NUM
issue-3061	92	25	no	no	NOUN
issue-3061	92	26	.	.	NOUN
issue-3061	92	27	4	4	NUM
issue-3061	92	28	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	92	29	2025	2025	NUM
issue-3061	92	30	thus	thus	ADV
issue-3061	92	31	enhancing	enhance	VERB
issue-3061	92	32	the	the	DET
issue-3061	92	33	perlocutionary	perlocutionary	ADJ
issue-3061	92	34	effect	effect	NOUN
issue-3061	92	35	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	93	1	adjectives	adjective	NOUN
issue-3061	93	2	provide	provide	VERB
issue-3061	93	3	imagery	imagery	NOUN
issue-3061	93	4	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	93	5	emotional	emotional	ADJ
issue-3061	93	6	tone	tone	NOUN
issue-3061	93	7	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	93	8	stylistic	stylistic	ADJ
issue-3061	93	9	richness	richness	NOUN
issue-3061	93	10	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	93	11	enabling	enable	VERB
issue-3061	93	12	the	the	DET
issue-3061	93	13	author	author	NOUN
issue-3061	93	14	to	to	PART
issue-3061	93	15	influence	influence	VERB
issue-3061	93	16	perception	perception	NOUN
issue-3061	93	17	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	93	18	imagination	imagination	NOUN
issue-3061	93	19	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	93	20	grishhenko	grishhenko	NOUN
issue-3061	93	21	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	93	22	2007	2007	NUM
issue-3061	93	23	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	93	24	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	94	1	due	due	ADP
issue-3061	94	2	to	to	ADP
issue-3061	94	3	their	their	PRON
issue-3061	94	4	high	high	ADJ
issue-3061	94	5	degree	degree	NOUN
issue-3061	94	6	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	94	7	subjectivity	subjectivity	NOUN
issue-3061	94	8	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	94	9	emotionality	emotionality	NOUN
issue-3061	94	10	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	94	11	adjectives	adjective	NOUN
issue-3061	94	12	often	often	ADV
issue-3061	94	13	function	function	VERB
issue-3061	94	14	as	as	ADP
issue-3061	94	15	tools	tool	NOUN
issue-3061	94	16	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	94	17	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
issue-3061	94	18	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	94	19	are	be	AUX
issue-3061	94	20	central	central	ADJ
issue-3061	94	21	to	to	ADP
issue-3061	94	22	achieving	achieve	VERB
issue-3061	94	23	a	a	DET
issue-3061	94	24	disinformative	disinformative	ADJ
issue-3061	94	25	impact	impact	NOUN
issue-3061	94	26	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	95	1	from	from	ADP
issue-3061	95	2	a	a	DET
issue-3061	95	3	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
issue-3061	95	4	perspective	perspective	NOUN
issue-3061	95	5	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	95	6	effective	effective	ADJ
issue-3061	95	7	communication	communication	NOUN
issue-3061	95	8	is	be	AUX
issue-3061	95	9	defined	define	VERB
issue-3061	95	10	as	as	ADP
issue-3061	95	11	the	the	DET
issue-3061	95	12	transmission	transmission	NOUN
issue-3061	95	13	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	95	14	the	the	DET
issue-3061	95	15	author	author	NOUN
issue-3061	95	16	's	's	PART
issue-3061	95	17	illocutionary	illocutionary	ADJ
issue-3061	95	18	intention	intention	NOUN
issue-3061	95	19	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	95	20	resulting	result	VERB
issue-3061	95	21	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	95	22	a	a	DET
issue-3061	95	23	tangible	tangible	ADJ
issue-3061	95	24	perlocutionary	perlocutionary	ADJ
issue-3061	95	25	effect	effect	NOUN
issue-3061	95	26	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	96	1	the	the	DET
issue-3061	96	2	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
issue-3061	96	3	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	96	4	a	a	DET
issue-3061	96	5	message	message	NOUN
issue-3061	96	6	's	's	PART
issue-3061	96	7	perception	perception	NOUN
issue-3061	96	8	depends	depend	VERB
issue-3061	96	9	on	on	ADP
issue-3061	96	10	the	the	DET
issue-3061	96	11	composition	composition	NOUN
issue-3061	96	12	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	96	13	structuring	structuring	NOUN
issue-3061	96	14	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	96	15	its	its	PRON
issue-3061	96	16	components	component	NOUN
issue-3061	96	17	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	96	18	the	the	DET
issue-3061	96	19	presence	presence	NOUN
issue-3061	96	20	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	96	21	a	a	DET
issue-3061	96	22	representational	representational	ADJ
issue-3061	96	23	image	image	NOUN
issue-3061	96	24	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	96	25	an	an	DET
issue-3061	96	26	underlying	underlying	ADJ
issue-3061	96	27	idea	idea	NOUN
issue-3061	96	28	or	or	CCONJ
issue-3061	96	29	persuasive	persuasive	ADJ
issue-3061	96	30	aim	aim	NOUN
issue-3061	96	31	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	97	1	the	the	DET
issue-3061	97	2	communicative	communicative	ADJ
issue-3061	97	3	function	function	NOUN
issue-3061	97	4	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	97	5	informational	informational	ADJ
issue-3061	97	6	appeals	appeal	NOUN
issue-3061	97	7	can	can	AUX
issue-3061	97	8	be	be	AUX
issue-3061	97	9	realised	realise	VERB
issue-3061	97	10	through	through	ADP
issue-3061	97	11	the	the	DET
issue-3061	97	12	use	use	NOUN
issue-3061	97	13	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	97	14	specific	specific	ADJ
issue-3061	97	15	words	word	NOUN
issue-3061	97	16	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	97	17	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
issue-3061	97	18	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	97	19	addressing	address	VERB
issue-3061	97	20	the	the	DET
issue-3061	97	21	recipient	recipient	NOUN
issue-3061	97	22	directly	directly	ADV
issue-3061	97	23	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	97	24	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	97	25	grammatical	grammatical	ADJ
issue-3061	97	26	constructions	construction	NOUN
issue-3061	97	27	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	97	28	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
issue-3061	97	29	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	97	30	using	use	VERB
issue-3061	97	31	specific	specific	ADJ
issue-3061	97	32	pronouns	pronoun	NOUN
issue-3061	97	33	or	or	CCONJ
issue-3061	97	34	imperative	imperative	ADJ
issue-3061	97	35	constructions	construction	NOUN
issue-3061	97	36	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	97	37	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	98	1	it	it	PRON
issue-3061	98	2	is	be	AUX
issue-3061	98	3	crucial	crucial	ADJ
issue-3061	98	4	to	to	PART
issue-3061	98	5	analyse	analyse	VERB
issue-3061	98	6	the	the	DET
issue-3061	98	7	internal	internal	ADJ
issue-3061	98	8	structure	structure	NOUN
issue-3061	98	9	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	98	10	verbal	verbal	ADJ
issue-3061	98	11	elements	element	NOUN
issue-3061	98	12	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	98	13	their	their	PRON
issue-3061	98	14	communicative	communicative	ADJ
issue-3061	98	15	context	context	NOUN
issue-3061	98	16	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	99	1	two	two	NUM
issue-3061	99	2	strategic	strategic	ADJ
issue-3061	99	3	errors	error	NOUN
issue-3061	99	4	may	may	AUX
issue-3061	99	5	arise	arise	VERB
issue-3061	99	6	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	99	7	paying	pay	VERB
issue-3061	99	8	insufficient	insufficient	ADJ
issue-3061	99	9	attention	attention	NOUN
issue-3061	99	10	to	to	ADP
issue-3061	99	11	the	the	DET
issue-3061	99	12	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
issue-3061	99	13	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	99	14	the	the	DET
issue-3061	99	15	intended	intended	ADJ
issue-3061	99	16	audience	audience	NOUN
issue-3061	99	17	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	99	18	which	which	PRON
issue-3061	99	19	can	can	AUX
issue-3061	99	20	result	result	VERB
issue-3061	99	21	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	99	22	communication	communication	NOUN
issue-3061	99	23	failure	failure	NOUN
issue-3061	99	24	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	99	25	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	99	26	or	or	CCONJ
issue-3061	99	27	adapting	adapt	VERB
issue-3061	99	28	the	the	DET
issue-3061	99	29	language	language	NOUN
issue-3061	99	30	too	too	ADV
issue-3061	99	31	much	much	ADV
issue-3061	99	32	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	99	33	which	which	PRON
issue-3061	99	34	can	can	AUX
issue-3061	99	35	lead	lead	VERB
issue-3061	99	36	to	to	ADP
issue-3061	99	37	the	the	DET
issue-3061	99	38	distortion	distortion	NOUN
issue-3061	99	39	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	99	40	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
issue-3061	99	41	norms	norm	NOUN
issue-3061	99	42	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	99	43	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	100	1	tailoring	tailor	VERB
issue-3061	100	2	verbal	verbal	ADJ
issue-3061	100	3	elements	element	NOUN
issue-3061	100	4	to	to	ADP
issue-3061	100	5	the	the	DET
issue-3061	100	6	intended	intend	VERB
issue-3061	100	7	audience	audience	NOUN
issue-3061	100	8	can	can	AUX
issue-3061	100	9	enhance	enhance	VERB
issue-3061	100	10	the	the	DET
issue-3061	100	11	communicative	communicative	ADJ
issue-3061	100	12	impact	impact	NOUN
issue-3061	100	13	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	101	1	the	the	DET
issue-3061	101	2	interpretation	interpretation	NOUN
issue-3061	101	3	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	101	4	an	an	DET
issue-3061	101	5	information	information	NOUN
issue-3061	101	6	message	message	NOUN
issue-3061	101	7	often	often	ADV
issue-3061	101	8	varies	vary	VERB
issue-3061	101	9	depending	depend	VERB
issue-3061	101	10	on	on	ADP
issue-3061	101	11	the	the	DET
issue-3061	101	12	subject	subject	NOUN
issue-3061	101	13	's	's	PART
issue-3061	101	14	personal	personal	ADJ
issue-3061	101	15	perception	perception	NOUN
issue-3061	101	16	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	102	1	from	from	ADP
issue-3061	102	2	a	a	DET
issue-3061	102	3	communicative	communicative	ADJ
issue-3061	102	4	standpoint	standpoint	NOUN
issue-3061	102	5	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	102	6	verbal	verbal	ADJ
issue-3061	102	7	elements	element	NOUN
issue-3061	102	8	are	be	AUX
issue-3061	102	9	components	component	NOUN
issue-3061	102	10	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	102	11	a	a	DET
issue-3061	102	12	speech	speech	NOUN
issue-3061	102	13	situation	situation	NOUN
issue-3061	102	14	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	103	1	here	here	ADV
issue-3061	103	2	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	103	3	extralinguistic	extralinguistic	ADJ
issue-3061	103	4	factors	factor	NOUN
issue-3061	103	5	such	such	ADJ
issue-3061	103	6	as	as	ADP
issue-3061	103	7	the	the	DET
issue-3061	103	8	topic	topic	NOUN
issue-3061	103	9	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	103	10	the	the	DET
issue-3061	103	11	intended	intended	ADJ
issue-3061	103	12	audience	audience	NOUN
issue-3061	103	13	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	103	14	the	the	DET
issue-3061	103	15	author	author	NOUN
issue-3061	103	16	's	's	PART
issue-3061	103	17	intention	intention	NOUN
issue-3061	103	18	influence	influence	NOUN
issue-3061	103	19	the	the	DET
issue-3061	103	20	selection	selection	NOUN
issue-3061	103	21	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	103	22	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
issue-3061	103	23	tools	tool	NOUN
issue-3061	103	24	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	103	25	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	103	26	consequently	consequently	ADV
issue-3061	103	27	the	the	DET
issue-3061	103	28	genre	genre	NOUN
issue-3061	103	29	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	103	30	stylistic	stylistic	ADJ
issue-3061	103	31	form	form	NOUN
issue-3061	103	32	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	103	33	expression	expression	NOUN
issue-3061	103	34	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	104	1	thus	thus	ADV
issue-3061	104	2	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	104	3	illocutionary	illocutionary	ADJ
issue-3061	104	4	force	force	NOUN
issue-3061	104	5	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	104	6	authorial	authorial	ADJ
issue-3061	104	7	intention	intention	NOUN
issue-3061	104	8	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	104	9	manifests	manifest	NOUN
issue-3061	104	10	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	104	11	news	news	NOUN
issue-3061	104	12	texts	text	NOUN
issue-3061	104	13	through	through	ADP
issue-3061	104	14	specific	specific	ADJ
issue-3061	104	15	codes	code	NOUN
issue-3061	104	16	–	–	PUNCT
issue-3061	104	17	verbal	verbal	ADJ
issue-3061	104	18	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	104	19	structural	structural	ADJ
issue-3061	104	20	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	104	21	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	104	22	nonverbal	nonverbal	ADJ
issue-3061	104	23	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	105	1	the	the	DET
issue-3061	105	2	effective	effective	ADJ
issue-3061	105	3	use	use	NOUN
issue-3061	105	4	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	105	5	content	content	NOUN
issue-3061	105	6	-	-	PUNCT
issue-3061	105	7	related	relate	VERB
issue-3061	105	8	components	component	NOUN
issue-3061	105	9	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	105	10	verbal	verbal	ADJ
issue-3061	105	11	structures	structure	NOUN
issue-3061	105	12	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	105	13	especially	especially	ADV
issue-3061	105	14	those	those	PRON
issue-3061	105	15	with	with	ADP
issue-3061	105	16	strong	strong	ADJ
issue-3061	105	17	locutionary	locutionary	ADJ
issue-3061	105	18	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	105	19	perlocutionary	perlocutionary	ADJ
issue-3061	105	20	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
issue-3061	105	21	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	105	22	has	have	AUX
issue-3061	105	23	been	be	AUX
issue-3061	105	24	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
issue-3061	105	25	to	to	PART
issue-3061	105	26	enhance	enhance	VERB
issue-3061	105	27	overall	overall	ADJ
issue-3061	105	28	communication	communication	NOUN
issue-3061	105	29	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	106	1	this	this	DET
issue-3061	106	2	approach	approach	NOUN
issue-3061	106	3	enables	enable	VERB
issue-3061	106	4	the	the	DET
issue-3061	106	5	message	message	NOUN
issue-3061	106	6	to	to	PART
issue-3061	106	7	reach	reach	VERB
issue-3061	106	8	its	its	PRON
issue-3061	106	9	intended	intended	ADJ
issue-3061	106	10	audience	audience	NOUN
issue-3061	106	11	quickly	quickly	ADV
issue-3061	106	12	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	106	13	efficiently	efficiently	ADV
issue-3061	106	14	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	106	15	while	while	SCONJ
issue-3061	106	16	shifting	shift	VERB
issue-3061	106	17	its	its	PRON
issue-3061	106	18	tone	tone	NOUN
issue-3061	106	19	from	from	ADP
issue-3061	106	20	neutral	neutral	ADJ
issue-3061	106	21	information	information	NOUN
issue-3061	106	22	to	to	ADP
issue-3061	106	23	targeted	target	VERB
issue-3061	106	24	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	106	25	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	107	1	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	107	2	emotionally	emotionally	ADV
issue-3061	107	3	charged	charge	VERB
issue-3061	107	4	contexts	contexts	NOUN
issue-3061	107	5	involving	involve	VERB
issue-3061	107	6	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	107	7	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	107	8	artificial	artificial	ADJ
issue-3061	107	9	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
issue-3061	107	10	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	107	11	ai	ai	NOUN
issue-3061	107	12	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	107	13	tools	tool	NOUN
issue-3061	107	14	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	107	15	particularly	particularly	ADV
issue-3061	107	16	those	those	PRON
issue-3061	107	17	based	base	VERB
issue-3061	107	18	on	on	ADP
issue-3061	107	19	natural	natural	ADJ
issue-3061	107	20	language	language	NOUN
issue-3061	107	21	processing	processing	NOUN
issue-3061	107	22	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	107	23	nlp	nlp	NOUN
issue-3061	107	24	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	107	25	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	107	26	are	be	AUX
issue-3061	107	27	vital	vital	ADJ
issue-3061	107	28	analytical	analytical	ADJ
issue-3061	107	29	instruments	instrument	NOUN
issue-3061	107	30	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	108	1	these	these	DET
issue-3061	108	2	technologies	technology	NOUN
issue-3061	108	3	enable	enable	VERB
issue-3061	108	4	the	the	DET
issue-3061	108	5	automated	automate	VERB
issue-3061	108	6	analysis	analysis	NOUN
issue-3061	108	7	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	108	8	textual	textual	ADJ
issue-3061	108	9	content	content	NOUN
issue-3061	108	10	to	to	PART
issue-3061	108	11	detect	detect	VERB
issue-3061	108	12	emotional	emotional	ADJ
issue-3061	108	13	content	content	NOUN
issue-3061	108	14	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	108	15	potential	potential	ADJ
issue-3061	108	16	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
issue-3061	108	17	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	109	1	one	one	NUM
issue-3061	109	2	key	key	ADJ
issue-3061	109	3	direction	direction	NOUN
issue-3061	109	4	is	be	AUX
issue-3061	109	5	the	the	DET
issue-3061	109	6	identification	identification	NOUN
issue-3061	109	7	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	109	8	emotional	emotional	ADJ
issue-3061	109	9	tone	tone	NOUN
issue-3061	109	10	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	110	1	pretrained	pretraine	VERB
issue-3061	110	2	language	language	NOUN
issue-3061	110	3	models	model	NOUN
issue-3061	110	4	such	such	ADJ
issue-3061	110	5	as	as	ADP
issue-3061	110	6	bert	bert	PROPN
issue-3061	110	7	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	110	8	roberta	roberta	PROPN
issue-3061	110	9	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	110	10	or	or	CCONJ
issue-3061	110	11	gpt	gpt	NOUN
issue-3061	110	12	-	-	PUNCT
issue-3061	110	13	like	like	ADJ
issue-3061	110	14	architectures	architecture	NOUN
issue-3061	110	15	can	can	AUX
issue-3061	110	16	classify	classify	VERB
issue-3061	110	17	figure	figure	NOUN
issue-3061	110	18	1	1	NUM
issue-3061	110	19	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	110	20	methodological	methodological	ADJ
issue-3061	110	21	approach	approach	NOUN
issue-3061	110	22	to	to	ADP
issue-3061	110	23	the	the	DET
issue-3061	110	24	formation	formation	NOUN
issue-3061	110	25	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	110	26	verbal	verbal	ADJ
issue-3061	110	27	elements	element	NOUN
issue-3061	110	28	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	110	29	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	110	30	messages	message	NOUN
issue-3061	110	31	source	source	NOUN
issue-3061	110	32	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	110	33	developed	develop	VERB
issue-3061	110	34	by	by	ADP
issue-3061	110	35	the	the	DET
issue-3061	110	36	authors	author	NOUN
issue-3061	110	37	locution	locution	NOUN
issue-3061	110	38	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	110	39	the	the	DET
issue-3061	110	40	fact	fact	NOUN
issue-3061	110	41	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	110	42	a	a	DET
issue-3061	110	43	verbal	verbal	ADJ
issue-3061	110	44	act	act	NOUN
issue-3061	110	45	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	110	46	illocution	illocution	NOUN
issue-3061	110	47	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	110	48	transmission	transmission	NOUN
issue-3061	110	49	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	110	50	intention	intention	NOUN
issue-3061	110	51	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	110	52	perlocution	perlocution	NOUN
issue-3061	110	53	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	110	54	the	the	DET
issue-3061	110	55	act	act	NOUN
issue-3061	110	56	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	110	57	influencing	influence	VERB
issue-3061	110	58	the	the	DET
issue-3061	110	59	listener	listener	NOUN
issue-3061	110	60	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	110	61	verbal	verbal	ADJ
issue-3061	110	62	elements	element	NOUN
issue-3061	110	63	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	110	64	a	a	DET
issue-3061	110	65	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	110	66	message	message	NOUN
issue-3061	110	67	the	the	DET
issue-3061	110	68	intent	intent	NOUN
issue-3061	110	69	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	110	70	the	the	DET
issue-3061	110	71	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	110	72	message	message	NOUN
issue-3061	110	73	phonation	phonation	NOUN
issue-3061	110	74	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	110	75	reference	reference	NOUN
issue-3061	110	76	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	110	77	predication	predication	NOUN
issue-3061	110	78	assertives	assertive	NOUN
issue-3061	110	79	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	110	80	directives	directive	NOUN
issue-3061	110	81	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	110	82	commissives	commissive	NOUN
issue-3061	110	83	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	110	84	expressives	expressive	NOUN
issue-3061	110	85	epithets	epithet	NOUN
issue-3061	110	86	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	110	87	anaphors	anaphor	NOUN
issue-3061	110	88	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	110	89	metaphors	metaphor	NOUN
issue-3061	110	90	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	110	91	hyperboles	hyperbole	NOUN
issue-3061	110	92	intention	intention	NOUN
issue-3061	110	93	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	110	94	from	from	ADP
issue-3061	110	95	latin	latin	ADJ
issue-3061	110	96	‘	'	PUNCT
issue-3061	110	97	intentio	intentio	NOUN
issue-3061	110	98	’	'	PUNCT
issue-3061	110	99	–	–	PUNCT
issue-3061	110	100	"	"	PUNCT
issue-3061	110	101	aim	aim	NOUN
issue-3061	110	102	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	110	103	aspiration	aspiration	NOUN
issue-3061	110	104	"	"	PUNCT
issue-3061	110	105	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	110	106	refers	refer	VERB
issue-3061	110	107	to	to	ADP
issue-3061	110	108	the	the	DET
issue-3061	110	109	direction	direction	NOUN
issue-3061	110	110	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	110	111	consciousness	consciousness	NOUN
issue-3061	110	112	or	or	CCONJ
issue-3061	110	113	thought	think	VERB
issue-3061	110	114	toward	toward	ADP
issue-3061	110	115	a	a	DET
issue-3061	110	116	particular	particular	ADJ
issue-3061	110	117	object	object	NOUN
issue-3061	110	118	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	111	1	o	o	NOUN
issue-3061	111	2	bj	bj	ADP
issue-3061	111	3	ec	ec	PROPN
issue-3061	111	4	t	t	NOUN
issue-3061	111	5	ty	ty	INTJ
issue-3061	112	1	pe	pe	PROPN
issue-3061	112	2	s	s	NOUN
issue-3061	112	3	o	o	X
issue-3061	112	4	f	f	X
issue-3061	112	5	co	co	NOUN
issue-3061	112	6	m	m	PROPN
issue-3061	112	7	m	m	PROPN
issue-3061	112	8	un	un	PROPN
issue-3061	112	9	ic	ic	PROPN
issue-3061	112	10	at	at	ADP
issue-3061	112	11	iv	iv	NUM
issue-3061	112	12	e	e	PROPN
issue-3061	112	13	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	112	14	flu	flu	PROPN
issue-3061	112	15	en	en	PROPN
issue-3061	112	16	ce	ce	PROPN
issue-3061	112	17	to	to	ADP
issue-3061	112	18	ol	ol	PROPN
issue-3061	112	19	s	s	PART
issue-3061	112	20	f	f	PROPN
issue-3061	112	21	or	or	CCONJ
issue-3061	112	22	fo	fo	ADP
issue-3061	112	23	rm	rm	NOUN
issue-3061	112	24	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	112	25	g	g	PROPN
issue-3061	113	1	ve	ve	NOUN
issue-3061	113	2	rb	rb	PROPN
issue-3061	113	3	al	al	PROPN
issue-3061	113	4	e	e	PROPN
issue-3061	113	5	le	le	X
issue-3061	113	6	m	m	VERB
issue-3061	113	7	en	en	ADP
issue-3061	113	8	ts	ts	ADP
issue-3061	113	9	o	o	PROPN
issue-3061	113	10	f	f	PROPN
issue-3061	114	1	a	a	DET
issue-3061	114	2	m	m	NOUN
issue-3061	114	3	es	es	X
issue-3061	114	4	sa	sa	X
issue-3061	114	5	ge	ge	PROPN
issue-3061	114	6	baltic	baltic	PROPN
issue-3061	114	7	journal	journal	PROPN
issue-3061	114	8	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	114	9	economic	economic	ADJ
issue-3061	114	10	studies	study	NOUN
issue-3061	114	11	414	414	NUM
issue-3061	114	12	vol	vol	NOUN
issue-3061	114	13	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	114	14	11	11	NUM
issue-3061	114	15	no	no	NOUN
issue-3061	114	16	.	.	NOUN
issue-3061	114	17	4	4	NUM
issue-3061	114	18	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	114	19	2025	2025	NUM
issue-3061	114	20	text	text	NOUN
issue-3061	114	21	into	into	ADP
issue-3061	114	22	emotional	emotional	ADJ
issue-3061	114	23	categories	category	NOUN
issue-3061	114	24	including	include	VERB
issue-3061	114	25	fear	fear	NOUN
issue-3061	114	26	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	114	27	anger	anger	NOUN
issue-3061	114	28	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	114	29	anxiety	anxiety	NOUN
issue-3061	114	30	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	114	31	outrage	outrage	NOUN
issue-3061	114	32	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	114	33	compassion	compassion	NOUN
issue-3061	114	34	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	114	35	etc	etc	X
issue-3061	114	36	.	.	X
issue-3061	115	1	this	this	PRON
issue-3061	115	2	allows	allow	VERB
issue-3061	115	3	messages	message	NOUN
issue-3061	115	4	that	that	PRON
issue-3061	115	5	could	could	AUX
issue-3061	115	6	cause	cause	VERB
issue-3061	115	7	mass	mass	ADJ
issue-3061	115	8	anxiety	anxiety	NOUN
issue-3061	115	9	or	or	CCONJ
issue-3061	115	10	social	social	ADJ
issue-3061	115	11	tension	tension	NOUN
issue-3061	115	12	through	through	ADP
issue-3061	115	13	emotional	emotional	ADJ
issue-3061	115	14	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
issue-3061	115	15	to	to	PART
issue-3061	115	16	be	be	AUX
issue-3061	115	17	detected	detect	VERB
issue-3061	115	18	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	116	1	the	the	DET
issue-3061	116	2	next	next	ADJ
issue-3061	116	3	step	step	NOUN
issue-3061	116	4	involves	involve	VERB
issue-3061	116	5	detecting	detect	VERB
issue-3061	116	6	manipulative	manipulative	ADJ
issue-3061	116	7	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
issue-3061	116	8	patterns	pattern	NOUN
issue-3061	116	9	typical	typical	ADJ
issue-3061	116	10	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	116	11	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	116	12	content	content	NOUN
issue-3061	116	13	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	116	14	including	include	VERB
issue-3061	116	15	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	116	16	–	–	PUNCT
issue-3061	116	17	excessive	excessive	ADJ
issue-3061	116	18	use	use	NOUN
issue-3061	116	19	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	116	20	expressive	expressive	ADJ
issue-3061	116	21	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN
issue-3061	116	22	;	;	PUNCT
issue-3061	116	23	–	–	PUNCT
issue-3061	116	24	rhetorical	rhetorical	ADJ
issue-3061	116	25	structures	structure	NOUN
issue-3061	116	26	;	;	PUNCT
issue-3061	116	27	–	–	PUNCT
issue-3061	116	28	stylistic	stylistic	ADJ
issue-3061	116	29	exaggerations	exaggeration	NOUN
issue-3061	116	30	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	116	31	hyperbole	hyperbole	NOUN
issue-3061	116	32	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	116	33	metaphors	metaphor	NOUN
issue-3061	116	34	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	116	35	epithets	epithet	NOUN
issue-3061	116	36	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	116	37	;	;	PUNCT
issue-3061	116	38	–	–	PUNCT
issue-3061	116	39	emotional	emotional	ADJ
issue-3061	116	40	appeals	appeal	NOUN
issue-3061	116	41	through	through	ADP
issue-3061	116	42	contrast	contrast	NOUN
issue-3061	116	43	or	or	CCONJ
issue-3061	116	44	personalisation	personalisation	NOUN
issue-3061	116	45	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	116	46	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
issue-3061	116	47	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	116	48	"	"	PUNCT
issue-3061	116	49	enemy	enemy	NOUN
issue-3061	116	50	–	–	PUNCT
issue-3061	116	51	us	we	PRON
issue-3061	116	52	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	116	53	"	"	PUNCT
issue-3061	116	54	"	"	PUNCT
issue-3061	116	55	traitor	traitor	NOUN
issue-3061	116	56	–	–	PUNCT
issue-3061	116	57	hero	hero	NOUN
issue-3061	116	58	"	"	PUNCT
issue-3061	116	59	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	116	60	;	;	PUNCT
issue-3061	116	61	–	–	PUNCT
issue-3061	116	62	use	use	NOUN
issue-3061	116	63	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	116	64	evaluative	evaluative	ADJ
issue-3061	116	65	adjectives	adjective	NOUN
issue-3061	116	66	that	that	PRON
issue-3061	116	67	impose	impose	VERB
issue-3061	116	68	subjective	subjective	ADJ
issue-3061	116	69	tone	tone	NOUN
issue-3061	116	70	without	without	ADP
issue-3061	116	71	evidence	evidence	NOUN
issue-3061	116	72	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	117	1	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	117	2	addition	addition	NOUN
issue-3061	117	3	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	117	4	ai	ai	VERB
issue-3061	117	5	can	can	AUX
issue-3061	117	6	help	help	AUX
issue-3061	117	7	identify	identify	VERB
issue-3061	117	8	the	the	DET
issue-3061	117	9	illocutionary	illocutionary	ADJ
issue-3061	117	10	intentions	intention	NOUN
issue-3061	117	11	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	117	12	messages	message	NOUN
issue-3061	117	13	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	117	14	assertions	assertion	NOUN
issue-3061	117	15	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	117	16	calls	call	VERB
issue-3061	117	17	to	to	ADP
issue-3061	117	18	action	action	NOUN
issue-3061	117	19	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	117	20	expressions	expression	NOUN
issue-3061	117	21	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	117	22	emotion	emotion	NOUN
issue-3061	117	23	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	117	24	etc	etc	X
issue-3061	117	25	.	.	X
issue-3061	118	1	this	this	PRON
issue-3061	118	2	is	be	AUX
issue-3061	118	3	achieved	achieve	VERB
issue-3061	118	4	via	via	ADP
issue-3061	118	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
issue-3061	118	6	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	118	7	syntactic	syntactic	ADJ
issue-3061	118	8	structures	structure	NOUN
issue-3061	118	9	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	118	10	modal	modal	ADJ
issue-3061	118	11	verbs	verb	NOUN
issue-3061	118	12	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	118	13	intention	intention	NOUN
issue-3061	118	14	markers	marker	NOUN
issue-3061	118	15	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	118	16	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	118	17	discourse	discourse	NOUN
issue-3061	118	18	formulas	formula	NOUN
issue-3061	118	19	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	119	1	thus	thus	ADV
issue-3061	119	2	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	119	3	ai	ai	VERB
issue-3061	119	4	is	be	AUX
issue-3061	119	5	capable	capable	ADJ
issue-3061	119	6	not	not	PART
issue-3061	119	7	only	only	ADV
issue-3061	119	8	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	119	9	detecting	detect	VERB
issue-3061	119	10	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	119	11	but	but	CCONJ
issue-3061	119	12	also	also	ADV
issue-3061	119	13	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	119	14	interpreting	interpret	VERB
issue-3061	119	15	the	the	DET
issue-3061	119	16	communicative	communicative	ADJ
issue-3061	119	17	intent	intent	NOUN
issue-3061	119	18	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	119	19	its	its	PRON
issue-3061	119	20	author	author	NOUN
issue-3061	119	21	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	120	1	to	to	PART
issue-3061	120	2	ensure	ensure	VERB
issue-3061	120	3	high	high	ADJ
issue-3061	120	4	accuracy	accuracy	NOUN
issue-3061	120	5	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	120	6	analytical	analytical	ADJ
issue-3061	120	7	systems	system	NOUN
issue-3061	120	8	combine	combine	NOUN
issue-3061	120	9	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	120	10	–	–	PUNCT
issue-3061	120	11	specialised	specialise	VERB
issue-3061	120	12	emotion	emotion	NOUN
issue-3061	120	13	lexicons	lexicon	NOUN
issue-3061	120	14	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	120	15	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
issue-3061	120	16	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	120	17	nrc	nrc	VERB
issue-3061	120	18	emotion	emotion	NOUN
issue-3061	120	19	lexicon	lexicon	NOUN
issue-3061	120	20	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	120	21	liwc	liwc	PROPN
issue-3061	120	22	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	120	23	;	;	PUNCT
issue-3061	120	24	–	–	PUNCT
issue-3061	120	25	corpora	corpora	NOUN
issue-3061	120	26	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	120	27	annotated	annotate	VERB
issue-3061	120	28	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	120	29	texts	text	NOUN
issue-3061	120	30	;	;	PUNCT
issue-3061	120	31	–	–	PUNCT
issue-3061	120	32	audience	audience	NOUN
issue-3061	120	33	response	response	NOUN
issue-3061	120	34	analysis	analysis	NOUN
issue-3061	120	35	modules	module	NOUN
issue-3061	120	36	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	120	37	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
issue-3061	120	38	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	120	39	comments	comment	NOUN
issue-3061	120	40	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	120	41	engagement	engagement	NOUN
issue-3061	120	42	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	120	43	sharing	sharing	NOUN
issue-3061	120	44	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	120	45	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	121	1	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	121	2	practice	practice	NOUN
issue-3061	121	3	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	121	4	such	such	ADJ
issue-3061	121	5	tools	tool	NOUN
issue-3061	121	6	are	be	AUX
issue-3061	121	7	implemented	implement	VERB
issue-3061	121	8	as	as	ADP
issue-3061	121	9	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	121	10	automated	automated	ADJ
issue-3061	121	11	fact	fact	NOUN
issue-3061	121	12	-	-	PUNCT
issue-3061	121	13	checking	check	VERB
issue-3061	121	14	instruments	instrument	NOUN
issue-3061	121	15	;	;	PUNCT
issue-3061	121	16	content	content	NOUN
issue-3061	121	17	filtering	filtering	NOUN
issue-3061	121	18	or	or	CCONJ
issue-3061	121	19	tagging	tag	VERB
issue-3061	121	20	modules	module	NOUN
issue-3061	121	21	on	on	ADP
issue-3061	121	22	social	social	ADJ
issue-3061	121	23	media	medium	NOUN
issue-3061	121	24	platforms	platform	NOUN
issue-3061	121	25	;	;	PUNCT
issue-3061	121	26	analytical	analytical	ADJ
issue-3061	121	27	support	support	NOUN
issue-3061	121	28	tools	tool	NOUN
issue-3061	121	29	for	for	ADP
issue-3061	121	30	information	information	NOUN
issue-3061	121	31	security	security	NOUN
issue-3061	121	32	professionals	professional	NOUN
issue-3061	121	33	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	121	34	journalists	journalist	NOUN
issue-3061	121	35	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	121	36	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	121	37	researchers	researcher	NOUN
issue-3061	121	38	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	122	1	algorithm	algorithm	NOUN
issue-3061	122	2	for	for	ADP
issue-3061	122	3	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	122	4	message	message	NOUN
issue-3061	122	5	analysis	analysis	NOUN
issue-3061	122	6	based	base	VERB
issue-3061	122	7	on	on	ADP
issue-3061	122	8	speech	speech	NOUN
issue-3061	122	9	act	act	NOUN
issue-3061	122	10	theory	theory	NOUN
issue-3061	122	11	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	122	12	ai	ai	VERB
issue-3061	122	13	tools	tool	NOUN
issue-3061	122	14	1	1	NUM
issue-3061	122	15	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	123	1	the	the	DET
issue-3061	123	2	text	text	NOUN
issue-3061	123	3	is	be	AUX
issue-3061	123	4	preprocessed	preprocesse	VERB
issue-3061	123	5	through	through	ADP
issue-3061	123	6	tokenisation	tokenisation	NOUN
issue-3061	123	7	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	123	8	noise	noise	NOUN
issue-3061	123	9	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	123	10	tag	tag	NOUN
issue-3061	123	11	removal	removal	NOUN
issue-3061	123	12	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	123	13	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	123	14	word	word	NOUN
issue-3061	123	15	normalisation	normalisation	NOUN
issue-3061	123	16	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	124	1	2	2	X
issue-3061	124	2	.	.	X
issue-3061	124	3	the	the	DET
issue-3061	124	4	intent	intent	NOUN
issue-3061	124	5	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	124	6	the	the	DET
issue-3061	124	7	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	124	8	message	message	NOUN
issue-3061	124	9	is	be	AUX
issue-3061	124	10	determined	determine	VERB
issue-3061	124	11	by	by	ADP
issue-3061	124	12	identifying	identify	VERB
issue-3061	124	13	the	the	DET
issue-3061	124	14	types	type	NOUN
issue-3061	124	15	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	124	16	communicative	communicative	ADJ
issue-3061	124	17	impact	impact	NOUN
issue-3061	124	18	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	124	19	key	key	ADJ
issue-3061	124	20	lexemes	lexeme	NOUN
issue-3061	124	21	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	124	22	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	124	23	frames	frame	NOUN
issue-3061	124	24	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	124	25	such	such	ADJ
issue-3061	124	26	as	as	ADP
issue-3061	124	27	triggers	trigger	NOUN
issue-3061	124	28	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	124	29	fear	fear	NOUN
issue-3061	124	30	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	124	31	conflict	conflict	NOUN
issue-3061	124	32	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	124	33	enemy	enemy	NOUN
issue-3061	124	34	image	image	NOUN
issue-3061	124	35	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	124	36	conspiracy	conspiracy	NOUN
issue-3061	124	37	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	124	38	or	or	CCONJ
issue-3061	124	39	calls	call	VERB
issue-3061	124	40	to	to	ADP
issue-3061	124	41	action	action	NOUN
issue-3061	124	42	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	125	1	3	3	X
issue-3061	125	2	.	.	X
issue-3061	126	1	the	the	DET
issue-3061	126	2	tools	tool	NOUN
issue-3061	126	3	involved	involve	VERB
issue-3061	126	4	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	126	5	the	the	DET
issue-3061	126	6	formation	formation	NOUN
issue-3061	126	7	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	126	8	verbal	verbal	ADJ
issue-3061	126	9	elements	element	NOUN
issue-3061	126	10	are	be	AUX
issue-3061	126	11	identified	identify	VERB
issue-3061	126	12	at	at	ADP
issue-3061	126	13	three	three	NUM
issue-3061	126	14	levels	level	NOUN
issue-3061	126	15	–	–	PUNCT
issue-3061	126	16	locution	locution	NOUN
issue-3061	126	17	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	126	18	phonation	phonation	NOUN
issue-3061	126	19	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	126	20	reference	reference	NOUN
issue-3061	126	21	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	126	22	predication	predication	NOUN
issue-3061	126	23	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	126	24	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	126	25	illocution	illocution	NOUN
issue-3061	126	26	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	126	27	assertives	assertive	NOUN
issue-3061	126	28	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	126	29	directives	directive	NOUN
issue-3061	126	30	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	126	31	commissives	commissive	NOUN
issue-3061	126	32	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	126	33	expressives	expressive	NOUN
issue-3061	126	34	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	126	35	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	126	36	table	table	NOUN
issue-3061	126	37	1	1	NUM
issue-3061	126	38	examples	example	NOUN
issue-3061	126	39	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	126	40	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	126	41	message	message	NOUN
issue-3061	126	42	analysis	analysis	NOUN
issue-3061	126	43	based	base	VERB
issue-3061	126	44	on	on	ADP
issue-3061	126	45	speech	speech	NOUN
issue-3061	126	46	act	act	NOUN
issue-3061	126	47	theory	theory	NOUN
issue-3061	126	48	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	126	49	ai	ai	VERB
issue-3061	126	50	tools	tool	NOUN
issue-3061	126	51	fake	fake	ADJ
issue-3061	126	52	news	news	NOUN
issue-3061	126	53	ai	ai	NOUN
issue-3061	126	54	tools	tool	NOUN
issue-3061	126	55	used	use	VERB
issue-3061	126	56	algorithm	algorithm	NOUN
issue-3061	126	57	/	/	SYM
issue-3061	126	58	module	module	NOUN
issue-3061	126	59	ai	ai	ADJ
issue-3061	126	60	-	-	PUNCT
issue-3061	126	61	determined	determined	ADJ
issue-3061	126	62	intent	intent	NOUN
issue-3061	126	63	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	126	64	a	a	DET
issue-3061	126	65	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	126	66	message	message	NOUN
issue-3061	126	67	possible	possible	ADJ
issue-3061	126	68	impact	impact	NOUN
issue-3061	126	69	on	on	ADP
issue-3061	126	70	the	the	DET
issue-3061	126	71	audience	audience	NOUN
issue-3061	126	72	"	"	PUNCT
issue-3061	126	73	hundreds	hundred	NOUN
issue-3061	126	74	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	126	75	people	people	NOUN
issue-3061	126	76	died	die	VERB
issue-3061	126	77	after	after	ADP
issue-3061	126	78	vaccination	vaccination	NOUN
issue-3061	126	79	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	126	80	india	india	PROPN
issue-3061	126	81	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	127	1	this	this	PRON
issue-3061	127	2	is	be	AUX
issue-3061	127	3	the	the	DET
issue-3061	127	4	result	result	NOUN
issue-3061	127	5	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	127	6	a	a	DET
issue-3061	127	7	global	global	ADJ
issue-3061	127	8	experiment	experiment	NOUN
issue-3061	127	9	on	on	ADP
issue-3061	127	10	humanity	humanity	NOUN
issue-3061	127	11	!	!	PUNCT
issue-3061	127	12	"	"	PUNCT
issue-3061	128	1	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	128	2	spread	spread	VERB
issue-3061	128	3	on	on	ADP
issue-3061	128	4	social	social	ADJ
issue-3061	128	5	media	medium	NOUN
issue-3061	128	6	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	128	7	2021	2021	NUM
issue-3061	128	8	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	128	9	nlp	nlp	NOUN
issue-3061	128	10	model	model	NOUN
issue-3061	128	11	analyses	analyse	VERB
issue-3061	128	12	semantics	semantic	NOUN
issue-3061	128	13	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	128	14	tone	tone	NOUN
issue-3061	128	15	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	128	16	finds	find	VERB
issue-3061	128	17	words	word	NOUN
issue-3061	128	18	with	with	ADP
issue-3061	128	19	fear	fear	NOUN
issue-3061	128	20	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	128	21	"	"	PUNCT
issue-3061	128	22	died	die	VERB
issue-3061	128	23	"	"	PUNCT
issue-3061	128	24	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	128	25	"	"	PUNCT
issue-3061	128	26	experiment	experiment	NOUN
issue-3061	128	27	"	"	PUNCT
issue-3061	128	28	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	128	29	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	128	30	rhetorical	rhetorical	ADJ
issue-3061	128	31	structures	structure	NOUN
issue-3061	128	32	🔹	🔹	PUNCT
issue-3061	128	33	sentiment	sentiment	NOUN
issue-3061	128	34	analysis	analysis	NOUN
issue-3061	128	35	🔹	🔹	NOUN
issue-3061	128	36	named	name	VERB
issue-3061	128	37	entity	entity	NOUN
issue-3061	128	38	recognition	recognition	NOUN
issue-3061	128	39	🔹	🔹	PUNCT
issue-3061	128	40	text	text	NOUN
issue-3061	128	41	classification	classification	NOUN
issue-3061	128	42	🔸	🔸	NOUN
issue-3061	128	43	emotion	emotion	NOUN
issue-3061	128	44	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	129	1	fear	fear	NOUN
issue-3061	129	2	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	129	3	anger	anger	NOUN
issue-3061	129	4	🔸	🔸	NOUN
issue-3061	129	5	illocution	illocution	NOUN
issue-3061	129	6	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	129	7	assertive	assertive	ADJ
issue-3061	129	8	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	129	9	expressive	expressive	ADJ
issue-3061	129	10	🔸	🔸	NOUN
issue-3061	129	11	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
issue-3061	129	12	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	129	13	conspiracy	conspiracy	NOUN
issue-3061	129	14	theory	theory	NOUN
issue-3061	129	15	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	129	16	generalisation	generalisation	NOUN
issue-3061	129	17	fear	fear	NOUN
issue-3061	129	18	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	129	19	vaccination	vaccination	NOUN
issue-3061	129	20	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	129	21	undermining	undermine	VERB
issue-3061	129	22	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	129	23	trust	trust	NOUN
issue-3061	129	24	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	129	25	the	the	DET
issue-3061	129	26	healthcare	healthcare	NOUN
issue-3061	129	27	system	system	NOUN
issue-3061	129	28	"	"	PUNCT
issue-3061	129	29	ukrainian	ukrainian	ADJ
issue-3061	129	30	refugees	refugee	NOUN
issue-3061	129	31	receive	receive	VERB
issue-3061	129	32	more	more	ADJ
issue-3061	129	33	aid	aid	NOUN
issue-3061	129	34	than	than	ADP
issue-3061	129	35	locals	local	NOUN
issue-3061	129	36	!	!	PUNCT
issue-3061	129	37	"	"	PUNCT
issue-3061	130	1	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	130	2	propaganda	propaganda	NOUN
issue-3061	130	3	sites	site	NOUN
issue-3061	130	4	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	130	5	eu	eu	PROPN
issue-3061	130	6	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	130	7	2022	2022	NUM
issue-3061	130	8	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	130	9	ai	ai	VERB
issue-3061	130	10	performs	perform	NOUN
issue-3061	130	11	lexical	lexical	ADJ
issue-3061	130	12	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	130	13	emotional	emotional	ADJ
issue-3061	130	14	analysis	analysis	NOUN
issue-3061	130	15	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	130	16	highlights	highlight	NOUN
issue-3061	130	17	comparisons	comparison	NOUN
issue-3061	130	18	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	130	19	emotionally	emotionally	ADV
issue-3061	130	20	colored	colored	ADJ
issue-3061	130	21	adjectives	adjective	NOUN
issue-3061	130	22	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	130	23	"	"	PUNCT
issue-3061	130	24	more	more	ADJ
issue-3061	130	25	"	"	PUNCT
issue-3061	130	26	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	130	27	"	"	PUNCT
issue-3061	130	28	dishonest	dishonest	ADJ
issue-3061	130	29	"	"	PUNCT
issue-3061	130	30	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	130	31	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	130	32	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
issue-3061	130	33	on	on	ADP
issue-3061	130	34	conflict	conflict	NOUN
issue-3061	130	35	between	between	ADP
issue-3061	130	36	groups	group	NOUN
issue-3061	130	37	🔹	🔹	PUNCT
issue-3061	130	38	emotion	emotion	NOUN
issue-3061	130	39	detection	detection	NOUN
issue-3061	130	40	🔹	🔹	PUNCT
issue-3061	130	41	text	text	NOUN
issue-3061	130	42	framing	frame	VERB
issue-3061	130	43	detection	detection	NOUN
issue-3061	130	44	🔹	🔹	PUNCT
issue-3061	130	45	topic	topic	NOUN
issue-3061	130	46	modeling	model	VERB
issue-3061	130	47	🔸	🔸	NOUN
issue-3061	130	48	emotion	emotion	NOUN
issue-3061	130	49	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	130	50	envy	envy	NOUN
issue-3061	130	51	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	130	52	indignation	indignation	NOUN
issue-3061	130	53	🔸	🔸	NOUN
issue-3061	130	54	illocution	illocution	NOUN
issue-3061	130	55	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	130	56	directive	directive	NOUN
issue-3061	130	57	🔸	🔸	NOUN
issue-3061	130	58	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
issue-3061	130	59	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	130	60	social	social	ADJ
issue-3061	130	61	opposition	opposition	NOUN
issue-3061	130	62	provocation	provocation	NOUN
issue-3061	130	63	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	130	64	hatred	hatred	NOUN
issue-3061	130	65	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	130	66	social	social	ADJ
issue-3061	130	67	tension	tension	NOUN
issue-3061	130	68	between	between	ADP
issue-3061	130	69	refugees	refugee	NOUN
issue-3061	130	70	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	130	71	locals	local	NOUN
issue-3061	130	72	"	"	PUNCT
issue-3061	130	73	the	the	DET
issue-3061	130	74	us	us	PROPN
issue-3061	130	75	army	army	NOUN
issue-3061	130	76	created	create	VERB
issue-3061	130	77	the	the	DET
issue-3061	130	78	virus	virus	NOUN
issue-3061	130	79	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	130	80	a	a	DET
issue-3061	130	81	laboratory	laboratory	NOUN
issue-3061	130	82	–	–	PUNCT
issue-3061	130	83	documents	document	NOUN
issue-3061	130	84	confirm	confirm	VERB
issue-3061	130	85	this	this	PRON
issue-3061	130	86	!	!	PUNCT
issue-3061	130	87	"	"	PUNCT
issue-3061	131	1	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	131	2	russian	russian	ADJ
issue-3061	131	3	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	131	4	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	131	5	2020–2021	2020–2021	NUM
issue-3061	131	6	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	131	7	model	model	NOUN
issue-3061	131	8	looks	look	VERB
issue-3061	131	9	for	for	ADP
issue-3061	131	10	fake	fake	ADJ
issue-3061	131	11	structures	structure	NOUN
issue-3061	131	12	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	131	13	no	no	DET
issue-3061	131	14	evidence	evidence	NOUN
issue-3061	131	15	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	131	16	references	reference	NOUN
issue-3061	131	17	to	to	ADP
issue-3061	131	18	"	"	PUNCT
issue-3061	131	19	documents	document	NOUN
issue-3061	131	20	"	"	PUNCT
issue-3061	131	21	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	131	22	exaggeration	exaggeration	NOUN
issue-3061	131	23	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	131	24	"	"	PUNCT
issue-3061	131	25	conspiracy	conspiracy	NOUN
issue-3061	131	26	"	"	PUNCT
issue-3061	131	27	semantics	semantic	NOUN
issue-3061	131	28	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	131	29	classifier	classifier	NOUN
issue-3061	131	30	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	131	31	typical	typical	ADJ
issue-3061	131	32	fakes	fake	NOUN
issue-3061	131	33	is	be	AUX
issue-3061	131	34	applied	apply	VERB
issue-3061	131	35	🔹	🔹	PUNCT
issue-3061	131	36	fake	fake	ADJ
issue-3061	131	37	news	news	NOUN
issue-3061	131	38	classifier	classifier	NOUN
issue-3061	131	39	🔹	🔹	PUNCT
issue-3061	131	40	evidence	evidence	NOUN
issue-3061	131	41	checker	checker	NOUN
issue-3061	131	42	🔹	🔹	PUNCT
issue-3061	131	43	semantic	semantic	ADJ
issue-3061	131	44	similarity	similarity	NOUN
issue-3061	131	45	search	search	NOUN
issue-3061	131	46	🔸	🔸	NOUN
issue-3061	131	47	emotion	emotion	NOUN
issue-3061	131	48	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	131	49	suspicion	suspicion	NOUN
issue-3061	131	50	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	131	51	anger	anger	NOUN
issue-3061	131	52	🔸	🔸	NOUN
issue-3061	131	53	illocution	illocution	NOUN
issue-3061	131	54	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	131	55	assertive	assertive	ADJ
issue-3061	131	56	🔸	🔸	NOUN
issue-3061	131	57	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
issue-3061	131	58	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	131	59	pseudofacts	pseudofact	NOUN
issue-3061	131	60	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	131	61	conspiracy	conspiracy	NOUN
issue-3061	131	62	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	131	63	fear	fear	VERB
issue-3061	131	64	distrust	distrust	NOUN
issue-3061	131	65	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	131	66	international	international	ADJ
issue-3061	131	67	partners	partner	NOUN
issue-3061	131	68	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	131	69	change	change	NOUN
issue-3061	131	70	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	131	71	geopolitical	geopolitical	ADJ
issue-3061	131	72	loyalties	loyalty	NOUN
issue-3061	131	73	“	"	PUNCT
issue-3061	131	74	europe	europe	PROPN
issue-3061	131	75	is	be	AUX
issue-3061	131	76	on	on	ADP
issue-3061	131	77	the	the	DET
issue-3061	131	78	verge	verge	NOUN
issue-3061	131	79	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	131	80	collapse	collapse	NOUN
issue-3061	131	81	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	131	82	ukrainians	ukrainians	PROPN
issue-3061	131	83	have	have	AUX
issue-3061	131	84	destroyed	destroy	VERB
issue-3061	131	85	the	the	DET
issue-3061	131	86	economy	economy	NOUN
issue-3061	131	87	!	!	PUNCT
issue-3061	131	88	”	"	PUNCT
issue-3061	132	1	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	132	2	anonymous	anonymous	ADJ
issue-3061	132	3	telegram	telegram	NOUN
issue-3061	132	4	channels	channel	NOUN
issue-3061	132	5	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	132	6	2022–2023	2022–2023	NUM
issue-3061	132	7	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	132	8	ai	ai	VERB
issue-3061	132	9	identifies	identifie	NOUN
issue-3061	132	10	exaggeration	exaggeration	NOUN
issue-3061	132	11	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	132	12	hostile	hostile	ADJ
issue-3061	132	13	rhetoric	rhetoric	NOUN
issue-3061	132	14	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	132	15	emotional	emotional	ADJ
issue-3061	132	16	tension	tension	NOUN
issue-3061	132	17	;	;	PUNCT
issue-3061	133	1	detects	detect	NOUN
issue-3061	133	2	anonymous	anonymous	ADJ
issue-3061	133	3	source	source	NOUN
issue-3061	133	4	as	as	ADP
issue-3061	133	5	a	a	DET
issue-3061	133	6	marker	marker	NOUN
issue-3061	133	7	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	133	8	unreliability	unreliability	NOUN
issue-3061	133	9	🔹	🔹	PUNCT
issue-3061	133	10	hyperbole	hyperbole	NOUN
issue-3061	133	11	detector	detector	NOUN
issue-3061	133	12	🔹	🔹	X
issue-3061	133	13	hate	hate	VERB
issue-3061	133	14	speech	speech	NOUN
issue-3061	133	15	detection	detection	NOUN
issue-3061	133	16	🔹	🔹	PUNCT
issue-3061	133	17	source	source	NOUN
issue-3061	133	18	credibility	credibility	NOUN
issue-3061	133	19	scoring	score	VERB
issue-3061	133	20	🔸	🔸	NOUN
issue-3061	133	21	emotion	emotion	NOUN
issue-3061	133	22	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	133	23	fear	fear	NOUN
issue-3061	133	24	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	133	25	anger	anger	NOUN
issue-3061	133	26	🔸	🔸	NOUN
issue-3061	133	27	illocution	illocution	NOUN
issue-3061	133	28	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	133	29	directive	directive	NOUN
issue-3061	133	30	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	133	31	expressive	expressive	ADJ
issue-3061	133	32	🔸	🔸	NOUN
issue-3061	133	33	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
issue-3061	133	34	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	133	35	hyperbole	hyperbole	NOUN
issue-3061	133	36	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	133	37	xenophobia	xenophobia	NOUN
issue-3061	133	38	increasing	increase	VERB
issue-3061	133	39	anti	anti	ADJ
issue-3061	133	40	-	-	ADJ
issue-3061	133	41	ukrainian	ukrainian	ADJ
issue-3061	133	42	sentiment	sentiment	NOUN
issue-3061	133	43	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	133	44	radicalisation	radicalisation	NOUN
issue-3061	133	45	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	133	46	part	part	NOUN
issue-3061	133	47	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	133	48	the	the	DET
issue-3061	133	49	audience	audience	NOUN
issue-3061	133	50	source	source	NOUN
issue-3061	133	51	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	133	52	compiled	compile	VERB
issue-3061	133	53	by	by	ADP
issue-3061	133	54	the	the	DET
issue-3061	133	55	authors	author	NOUN
issue-3061	133	56	baltic	baltic	PROPN
issue-3061	133	57	journal	journal	PROPN
issue-3061	133	58	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	133	59	economic	economic	ADJ
issue-3061	133	60	studies	study	NOUN
issue-3061	133	61	415	415	NUM
issue-3061	133	62	vol	vol	NOUN
issue-3061	133	63	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	133	64	11	11	NUM
issue-3061	133	65	no	no	NOUN
issue-3061	133	66	.	.	NOUN
issue-3061	133	67	4	4	NUM
issue-3061	133	68	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	133	69	2025	2025	NUM
issue-3061	133	70	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	133	71	perlocution	perlocution	NOUN
issue-3061	133	72	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	133	73	epithets	epithet	NOUN
issue-3061	133	74	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	133	75	anaphora	anaphora	NOUN
issue-3061	133	76	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	133	77	metaphors	metaphor	NOUN
issue-3061	133	78	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	133	79	hyperbole	hyperbole	NOUN
issue-3061	133	80	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	133	81	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	134	1	4	4	X
issue-3061	134	2	.	.	X
issue-3061	134	3	reliability	reliability	NOUN
issue-3061	134	4	is	be	AUX
issue-3061	134	5	assessed	assess	VERB
issue-3061	134	6	through	through	ADP
issue-3061	134	7	source	source	NOUN
issue-3061	134	8	verification	verification	NOUN
issue-3061	134	9	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	134	10	reference	reference	NOUN
issue-3061	134	11	checking	checking	NOUN
issue-3061	134	12	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	134	13	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	134	14	fact	fact	NOUN
issue-3061	134	15	-	-	PUNCT
issue-3061	134	16	checking	checking	NOUN
issue-3061	134	17	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	135	1	5	5	X
issue-3061	135	2	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	135	3	the	the	DET
issue-3061	135	4	potential	potential	ADJ
issue-3061	135	5	impact	impact	NOUN
issue-3061	135	6	is	be	AUX
issue-3061	135	7	evaluated	evaluate	VERB
issue-3061	135	8	by	by	ADP
issue-3061	135	9	analysing	analyse	VERB
issue-3061	135	10	the	the	DET
issue-3061	135	11	emotional	emotional	ADJ
issue-3061	135	12	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	135	13	social	social	ADJ
issue-3061	135	14	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	135	15	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	135	16	political	political	ADJ
issue-3061	135	17	harm	harm	NOUN
issue-3061	135	18	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	136	1	4	4	X
issue-3061	136	2	.	.	X
issue-3061	136	3	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
issue-3061	136	4	the	the	DET
issue-3061	136	5	study	study	NOUN
issue-3061	136	6	has	have	AUX
issue-3061	136	7	shown	show	VERB
issue-3061	136	8	that	that	SCONJ
issue-3061	136	9	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	136	10	messages	message	NOUN
issue-3061	136	11	have	have	VERB
issue-3061	136	12	a	a	DET
issue-3061	136	13	complex	complex	ADJ
issue-3061	136	14	structure	structure	NOUN
issue-3061	136	15	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	136	16	communication	communication	NOUN
issue-3061	136	17	based	base	VERB
issue-3061	136	18	on	on	ADP
issue-3061	136	19	the	the	DET
issue-3061	136	20	realisation	realisation	NOUN
issue-3061	136	21	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	136	22	locutionary	locutionary	ADJ
issue-3061	136	23	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	136	24	illocutionary	illocutionary	ADJ
issue-3061	136	25	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	136	26	perlocutionary	perlocutionary	ADJ
issue-3061	136	27	speech	speech	NOUN
issue-3061	136	28	acts	act	VERB
issue-3061	136	29	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	137	1	the	the	DET
issue-3061	137	2	verbal	verbal	ADJ
issue-3061	137	3	content	content	NOUN
issue-3061	137	4	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	137	5	the	the	DET
issue-3061	137	6	message	message	NOUN
issue-3061	137	7	is	be	AUX
issue-3061	137	8	the	the	DET
issue-3061	137	9	primary	primary	ADJ
issue-3061	137	10	tool	tool	NOUN
issue-3061	137	11	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	137	12	influence	influence	NOUN
issue-3061	137	13	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	137	14	with	with	ADP
issue-3061	137	15	lexical	lexical	ADJ
issue-3061	137	16	units	unit	NOUN
issue-3061	137	17	bearing	bear	VERB
issue-3061	137	18	emotional	emotional	ADJ
issue-3061	137	19	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	137	20	evaluative	evaluative	ADJ
issue-3061	137	21	connotations	connotation	NOUN
issue-3061	137	22	amplifying	amplify	VERB
issue-3061	137	23	the	the	DET
issue-3061	137	24	psychological	psychological	ADJ
issue-3061	137	25	effect	effect	NOUN
issue-3061	137	26	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	137	27	the	the	DET
issue-3061	137	28	information	information	NOUN
issue-3061	137	29	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	137	30	shaping	shape	VERB
issue-3061	137	31	how	how	SCONJ
issue-3061	137	32	it	it	PRON
issue-3061	137	33	is	be	AUX
issue-3061	137	34	perceived	perceive	VERB
issue-3061	137	35	by	by	ADP
issue-3061	137	36	the	the	DET
issue-3061	137	37	audience	audience	NOUN
issue-3061	137	38	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	138	1	artificial	artificial	ADJ
issue-3061	138	2	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
issue-3061	138	3	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	138	4	particularly	particularly	ADV
issue-3061	138	5	natural	natural	ADJ
issue-3061	138	6	language	language	NOUN
issue-3061	138	7	processing	processing	NOUN
issue-3061	138	8	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	138	9	nlp	nlp	NOUN
issue-3061	138	10	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	138	11	technologies	technology	NOUN
issue-3061	138	12	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	138	13	provides	provide	VERB
issue-3061	138	14	an	an	DET
issue-3061	138	15	effective	effective	ADJ
issue-3061	138	16	means	mean	NOUN
issue-3061	138	17	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	138	18	detection	detection	NOUN
issue-3061	138	19	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	138	20	–	–	PUNCT
issue-3061	138	21	the	the	DET
issue-3061	138	22	emotional	emotional	ADJ
issue-3061	138	23	tone	tone	NOUN
issue-3061	138	24	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	138	25	messages	message	NOUN
issue-3061	138	26	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	138	27	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
issue-3061	138	28	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	138	29	fear	fear	NOUN
issue-3061	138	30	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	138	31	anger	anger	NOUN
issue-3061	138	32	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	138	33	anxiety	anxiety	NOUN
issue-3061	138	34	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	138	35	compassion	compassion	NOUN
issue-3061	138	36	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	138	37	;	;	PUNCT
issue-3061	138	38	–	–	PUNCT
issue-3061	138	39	types	type	NOUN
issue-3061	138	40	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	138	41	illocutionary	illocutionary	ADJ
issue-3061	138	42	intentions	intention	NOUN
issue-3061	138	43	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	138	44	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
issue-3061	138	45	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	138	46	directives	directive	NOUN
issue-3061	138	47	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	138	48	assertions	assertion	NOUN
issue-3061	138	49	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	138	50	emotional	emotional	ADJ
issue-3061	138	51	expressions	expression	NOUN
issue-3061	138	52	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	138	53	;	;	PUNCT
issue-3061	138	54	–	–	PUNCT
issue-3061	138	55	key	key	ADJ
issue-3061	138	56	semantic	semantic	ADJ
issue-3061	138	57	constructions	construction	NOUN
issue-3061	138	58	that	that	PRON
issue-3061	138	59	constitute	constitute	VERB
issue-3061	138	60	manipulative	manipulative	ADJ
issue-3061	138	61	content	content	NOUN
issue-3061	138	62	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	139	1	this	this	DET
issue-3061	139	2	approach	approach	NOUN
issue-3061	139	3	allows	allow	VERB
issue-3061	139	4	for	for	ADP
issue-3061	139	5	a	a	DET
issue-3061	139	6	more	more	ADJ
issue-3061	139	7	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	139	8	-	-	PUNCT
issue-3061	139	9	depth	depth	NOUN
issue-3061	139	10	analysis	analysis	NOUN
issue-3061	139	11	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	139	12	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	139	13	texts	text	NOUN
issue-3061	139	14	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	139	15	examining	examine	VERB
issue-3061	139	16	not	not	PART
issue-3061	139	17	only	only	ADV
issue-3061	139	18	their	their	PRON
issue-3061	139	19	content	content	NOUN
issue-3061	139	20	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	139	21	but	but	CCONJ
issue-3061	139	22	also	also	ADV
issue-3061	139	23	identifying	identify	VERB
issue-3061	139	24	their	their	PRON
issue-3061	139	25	pragmatic	pragmatic	ADJ
issue-3061	139	26	goals	goal	NOUN
issue-3061	139	27	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	139	28	potential	potential	ADJ
issue-3061	139	29	influence	influence	NOUN
issue-3061	139	30	on	on	ADP
issue-3061	139	31	mass	mass	ADJ
issue-3061	139	32	consciousness	consciousness	NOUN
issue-3061	139	33	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	140	1	integrating	integrate	VERB
issue-3061	140	2	speech	speech	NOUN
issue-3061	140	3	act	act	NOUN
issue-3061	140	4	theory	theory	NOUN
issue-3061	140	5	with	with	ADP
issue-3061	140	6	ai	ai	PROPN
issue-3061	140	7	creates	create	VERB
issue-3061	140	8	new	new	ADJ
issue-3061	140	9	possibilities	possibility	NOUN
issue-3061	140	10	for	for	ADP
issue-3061	140	11	automatically	automatically	ADV
issue-3061	140	12	detecting	detect	VERB
issue-3061	140	13	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	140	14	mitigating	mitigate	VERB
issue-3061	140	15	harmful	harmful	ADJ
issue-3061	140	16	informational	informational	ADJ
issue-3061	140	17	influences	influence	NOUN
issue-3061	140	18	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	140	19	thereby	thereby	ADV
issue-3061	140	20	strengthening	strengthen	VERB
issue-3061	140	21	the	the	DET
issue-3061	140	22	resilience	resilience	NOUN
issue-3061	140	23	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	140	24	the	the	DET
issue-3061	140	25	information	information	NOUN
issue-3061	140	26	environment	environment	NOUN
issue-3061	140	27	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	141	1	consequently	consequently	ADV
issue-3061	141	2	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	141	3	the	the	DET
issue-3061	141	4	utilisation	utilisation	NOUN
issue-3061	141	5	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	141	6	artificial	artificial	ADJ
issue-3061	141	7	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN
issue-3061	141	8	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	141	9	the	the	DET
issue-3061	141	10	analysis	analysis	NOUN
issue-3061	141	11	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	141	12	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	141	13	signifies	signify	VERB
issue-3061	141	14	a	a	DET
issue-3061	141	15	promising	promising	ADJ
issue-3061	141	16	trajectory	trajectory	NOUN
issue-3061	141	17	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	141	18	facilitating	facilitate	VERB
issue-3061	141	19	the	the	DET
issue-3061	141	20	integration	integration	NOUN
issue-3061	141	21	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	141	22	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
issue-3061	141	23	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	141	24	psychological	psychological	ADJ
issue-3061	141	25	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	141	26	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	141	27	technological	technological	ADJ
issue-3061	141	28	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
issue-3061	141	29	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	141	30	the	the	DET
issue-3061	141	31	development	development	NOUN
issue-3061	141	32	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	141	33	systems	system	NOUN
issue-3061	141	34	designed	design	VERB
issue-3061	141	35	to	to	PART
issue-3061	141	36	counter	counter	VERB
issue-3061	141	37	emotionally	emotionally	ADV
issue-3061	141	38	charged	charge	VERB
issue-3061	141	39	manipulative	manipulative	ADJ
issue-3061	141	40	influence	influence	NOUN
issue-3061	141	41	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	142	1	references	reference	NOUN
issue-3061	142	2	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	142	3	austin	austin	PROPN
issue-3061	142	4	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	142	5	j.	j.	PROPN
issue-3061	142	6	l.	l.	PROPN
issue-3061	142	7	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	142	8	1986	1986	NUM
issue-3061	142	9	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	142	10	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	143	1	word	word	NOUN
issue-3061	143	2	as	as	ADP
issue-3061	143	3	action	action	NOUN
issue-3061	143	4	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	144	1	new	new	ADJ
issue-3061	144	2	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	144	3	foreign	foreign	ADJ
issue-3061	144	4	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
issue-3061	144	5	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	145	1	theory	theory	NOUN
issue-3061	145	2	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	145	3	speech	speech	NOUN
issue-3061	145	4	acts	act	NOUN
issue-3061	145	5	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	145	6	17	17	NUM
issue-3061	145	7	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	145	8	22–129	22–129	NUM
issue-3061	146	1	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	146	2	searle	searle	PROPN
issue-3061	146	3	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	146	4	j.	j.	PROPN
issue-3061	146	5	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	146	6	1986	1986	NUM
issue-3061	146	7	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	146	8	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	147	1	what	what	PRON
issue-3061	147	2	is	be	AUX
issue-3061	147	3	a	a	DET
issue-3061	147	4	speech	speech	NOUN
issue-3061	147	5	act	act	NOUN
issue-3061	147	6	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	148	1	new	new	ADJ
issue-3061	148	2	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	148	3	foreign	foreign	ADJ
issue-3061	148	4	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
issue-3061	148	5	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	148	6	theory	theory	NOUN
issue-3061	148	7	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	148	8	speech	speech	NOUN
issue-3061	148	9	acts	act	NOUN
issue-3061	148	10	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	148	11	17	17	NUM
issue-3061	148	12	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	148	13	151–169	151–169	NUM
issue-3061	148	14	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	148	15	grajs	grajs	PROPN
issue-3061	148	16	g.	g.	PROPN
issue-3061	148	17	p.	p.	PROPN
issue-3061	148	18	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	148	19	1985	1985	NUM
issue-3061	148	20	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	148	21	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	149	1	logic	logic	NOUN
issue-3061	149	2	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	149	3	speech	speech	NOUN
issue-3061	149	4	communication	communication	NOUN
issue-3061	149	5	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	150	1	new	new	ADJ
issue-3061	150	2	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	150	3	foreign	foreign	ADJ
issue-3061	150	4	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
issue-3061	150	5	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	150	6	linguistic	linguistic	ADJ
issue-3061	150	7	pragmatics	pragmatic	NOUN
issue-3061	150	8	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	150	9	16	16	NUM
issue-3061	150	10	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	150	11	217–237	217–237	NUM
issue-3061	150	12	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	151	1	grishhenko	grishhenko	PROPN
issue-3061	151	2	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	151	3	a.	a.	NOUN
issue-3061	151	4	i.	i.	PROPN
issue-3061	151	5	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	151	6	2007	2007	NUM
issue-3061	151	7	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	151	8	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	152	1	sources	source	NOUN
issue-3061	152	2	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	152	3	the	the	DET
issue-3061	152	4	emergence	emergence	NOUN
issue-3061	152	5	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	152	6	expressive	expressive	ADJ
issue-3061	152	7	ethnonyms	ethnonym	NOUN
issue-3061	152	8	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	152	9	ethnofolisms	ethnofolism	NOUN
issue-3061	152	10	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	152	11	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	152	12	modern	modern	ADJ
issue-3061	152	13	russian	russian	NOUN
issue-3061	152	14	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	152	15	english	english	ADJ
issue-3061	152	16	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	152	17	etymological	etymological	ADJ
issue-3061	152	18	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	152	19	motivational	motivational	ADJ
issue-3061	152	20	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	152	21	derivational	derivational	ADJ
issue-3061	152	22	aspects	aspect	NOUN
issue-3061	152	23	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	153	1	materials	material	NOUN
issue-3061	153	2	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	153	3	the	the	DET
issue-3061	153	4	international	international	ADJ
issue-3061	153	5	conference	conference	NOUN
issue-3061	153	6	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	153	7	memory	memory	NOUN
issue-3061	153	8	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	153	9	l.v	l.v	PROPN
issue-3061	153	10	.	.	PROPN
issue-3061	153	11	nikolenko	nikolenko	PROPN
issue-3061	153	12	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	153	13	y.p	y.p	PROPN
issue-3061	153	14	.	.	PROPN
issue-3061	153	15	soloduba	soloduba	PROPN
issue-3061	153	16	«	«	PUNCT
issue-3061	153	17	active	active	ADJ
issue-3061	153	18	processes	process	NOUN
issue-3061	153	19	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	153	20	modern	modern	ADJ
issue-3061	153	21	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN
issue-3061	153	22	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	153	23	phraseology	phraseology	NOUN
issue-3061	153	24	»	»	NOUN
issue-3061	153	25	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	154	1	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	154	2	pp	pp	ADJ
issue-3061	154	3	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	155	1	40	40	NUM
issue-3061	155	2	-	-	SYM
issue-3061	155	3	52	52	NUM
issue-3061	155	4	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	155	5	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	156	1	yaroslavl	yaroslavl	PROPN
issue-3061	156	2	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	156	3	tov	tov	ADJ
issue-3061	156	4	«	«	PUNCT
issue-3061	156	5	remder	remder	NOUN
issue-3061	156	6	»	»	NOUN
issue-3061	156	7	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	157	1	borisova	borisova	PROPN
issue-3061	157	2	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	157	3	e.	e.	PROPN
issue-3061	157	4	g.	g.	PROPN
issue-3061	157	5	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	157	6	2001	2001	NUM
issue-3061	157	7	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	157	8	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	158	1	perlocutionary	perlocutionary	ADJ
issue-3061	158	2	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
issue-3061	158	3	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	158	4	its	its	PRON
issue-3061	158	5	teaching	teaching	NOUN
issue-3061	158	6	to	to	ADP
issue-3061	158	7	philology	philology	NOUN
issue-3061	158	8	students	student	NOUN
issue-3061	158	9	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	159	1	bulletin	bulletin	NOUN
issue-3061	159	2	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	159	3	moscow	moscow	PROPN
issue-3061	159	4	university	university	PROPN
issue-3061	159	5	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	159	6	1	1	NUM
issue-3061	159	7	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	159	8	115–133	115–133	NUM
issue-3061	159	9	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	160	1	vinay	vinay	PROPN
issue-3061	160	2	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	160	3	r.	r.	PROPN
issue-3061	160	4	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	160	5	oehmichen	oehmichen	ADV
issue-3061	160	6	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	160	7	a.	a.	NOUN
issue-3061	160	8	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	160	9	agirre	agirre	PROPN
issue-3061	160	10	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	160	11	e.	e.	PROPN
issue-3061	160	12	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	160	13	&	&	CCONJ
issue-3061	160	14	davis	davis	PROPN
issue-3061	160	15	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	160	16	b.	b.	PROPN
issue-3061	160	17	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	160	18	2024	2024	NUM
issue-3061	160	19	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	160	20	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	161	1	emotional	emotional	ADJ
issue-3061	161	2	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
issue-3061	161	3	through	through	ADP
issue-3061	161	4	prompt	prompt	ADJ
issue-3061	161	5	engineering	engineering	NOUN
issue-3061	161	6	amplifies	amplify	VERB
issue-3061	161	7	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	161	8	generation	generation	NOUN
issue-3061	161	9	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	161	10	ai	ai	VERB
issue-3061	161	11	large	large	ADJ
issue-3061	161	12	language	language	NOUN
issue-3061	161	13	models	model	NOUN
issue-3061	161	14	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	162	1	arxiv	arxiv	PROPN
issue-3061	162	2	preprint	preprint	NOUN
issue-3061	162	3	arxiv:2405.15923	arxiv:2405.15923	PROPN
issue-3061	162	4	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	163	1	available	available	ADJ
issue-3061	163	2	at	at	ADP
issue-3061	163	3	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	163	4	https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.03550	https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.03550	PROPN
issue-3061	163	5	smith	smith	PROPN
issue-3061	163	6	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	163	7	s.	s.	PROPN
issue-3061	163	8	t.	t.	PROPN
issue-3061	163	9	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	163	10	kao	kao	PROPN
issue-3061	163	11	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	163	12	e.	e.	PROPN
issue-3061	163	13	k.	k.	PROPN
issue-3061	163	14	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	163	15	mackin	mackin	PROPN
issue-3061	163	16	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	163	17	e.	e.	PROPN
issue-3061	163	18	d.	d.	PROPN
issue-3061	163	19	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	163	20	shah	shah	PROPN
issue-3061	163	21	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	163	22	d.	d.	PROPN
issue-3061	163	23	c.	c.	PROPN
issue-3061	163	24	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	163	25	simek	simek	PROPN
issue-3061	163	26	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	163	27	o.	o.	PROPN
issue-3061	163	28	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	163	29	&	&	CCONJ
issue-3061	163	30	rubin	rubin	PROPN
issue-3061	163	31	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	163	32	d.	d.	PROPN
issue-3061	163	33	b.	b.	PROPN
issue-3061	163	34	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	163	35	2020	2020	NUM
issue-3061	163	36	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	163	37	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	164	1	automatic	automatic	ADJ
issue-3061	164	2	detection	detection	NOUN
issue-3061	164	3	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	164	4	influential	influential	ADJ
issue-3061	164	5	actors	actor	NOUN
issue-3061	164	6	in	in	ADP
issue-3061	164	7	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	164	8	networks	network	NOUN
issue-3061	164	9	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	165	1	arxiv	arxiv	PROPN
issue-3061	165	2	preprint	preprint	PROPN
issue-3061	165	3	arxiv:2010.11920	arxiv:2010.11920	PROPN
issue-3061	165	4	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	166	1	available	available	ADJ
issue-3061	166	2	at	at	ADP
issue-3061	166	3	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	166	4	https://arxiv.org/	https://arxiv.org/	NOUN
issue-3061	166	5	abs/2005.10879	abs/2005.10879	ADJ
issue-3061	166	6	harris	harris	PROPN
issue-3061	166	7	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	166	8	s.	s.	PROPN
issue-3061	166	9	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	166	10	hadi	hadi	PROPN
issue-3061	166	11	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	166	12	h.	h.	PROPN
issue-3061	166	13	j.	j.	PROPN
issue-3061	166	14	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	166	15	ahmad	ahmad	PROPN
issue-3061	166	16	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	166	17	n.	n.	NOUN
issue-3061	166	18	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	166	19	&	&	CCONJ
issue-3061	166	20	alshara	alshara	PROPN
issue-3061	166	21	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	166	22	m.	m.	NOUN
issue-3061	166	23	a.	a.	NOUN
issue-3061	166	24	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	166	25	2024	2024	NUM
issue-3061	166	26	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	166	27	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	167	1	fake	fake	ADJ
issue-3061	167	2	news	news	NOUN
issue-3061	167	3	detection	detection	NOUN
issue-3061	167	4	revisited	revisit	VERB
issue-3061	167	5	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	167	6	an	an	DET
issue-3061	167	7	extensive	extensive	ADJ
issue-3061	167	8	review	review	NOUN
issue-3061	167	9	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	167	10	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
issue-3061	167	11	frameworks	framework	NOUN
issue-3061	167	12	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	167	13	dataset	dataset	NOUN
issue-3061	167	14	assessments	assessment	NOUN
issue-3061	167	15	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	167	16	model	model	NOUN
issue-3061	167	17	constraints	constraint	NOUN
issue-3061	167	18	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	167	19	and	and	CCONJ
issue-3061	167	20	forward	forward	ADV
issue-3061	167	21	-	-	PUNCT
issue-3061	167	22	looking	look	VERB
issue-3061	167	23	research	research	NOUN
issue-3061	167	24	agendas	agenda	NOUN
issue-3061	167	25	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	168	1	technologies	technology	NOUN
issue-3061	168	2	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	168	3	12	12	NUM
issue-3061	168	4	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	168	5	222	222	NUM
issue-3061	168	6	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	169	1	doi	doi	PROPN
issue-3061	169	2	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	169	3	https://doi.org/10.3390/technologies12110222	https://doi.org/10.3390/technologies12110222	PROPN
issue-3061	169	4	simon	simon	PROPN
issue-3061	169	5	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	169	6	f.	f.	PROPN
issue-3061	169	7	m.	m.	PROPN
issue-3061	169	8	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	169	9	altay	altay	NOUN
issue-3061	169	10	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	169	11	s.	s.	PROPN
issue-3061	169	12	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	169	13	&	&	CCONJ
issue-3061	169	14	mercier	mercier	PROPN
issue-3061	169	15	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	169	16	h.	h.	PROPN
issue-3061	169	17	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	169	18	2023	2023	NUM
issue-3061	169	19	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	169	20	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	170	1	misinformation	misinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	170	2	reloaded	reload	VERB
issue-3061	170	3	?	?	PUNCT
issue-3061	171	1	fears	fear	NOUN
issue-3061	171	2	about	about	ADP
issue-3061	171	3	the	the	DET
issue-3061	171	4	impact	impact	NOUN
issue-3061	171	5	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	171	6	generative	generative	NOUN
issue-3061	171	7	ai	ai	VERB
issue-3061	171	8	on	on	ADP
issue-3061	171	9	misinformation	misinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	171	10	are	be	AUX
issue-3061	171	11	overblown	overblown	ADJ
issue-3061	171	12	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	172	1	harvard	harvard	PROPN
issue-3061	172	2	kennedy	kennedy	PROPN
issue-3061	172	3	school	school	PROPN
issue-3061	172	4	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	172	5	hks	hks	PROPN
issue-3061	172	6	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	172	7	misinformation	misinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	172	8	review	review	NOUN
issue-3061	172	9	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	173	1	doi	doi	NOUN
issue-3061	173	2	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	173	3	https://doi.org/10.37016/mr-2020-127	https://doi.org/10.37016/mr-2020-127	NUM
issue-3061	173	4	bell	bell	NOUN
issue-3061	173	5	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	173	6	e.	e.	PROPN
issue-3061	173	7	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	173	8	2023	2023	NUM
issue-3061	173	9	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	173	10	march	march	PROPN
issue-3061	173	11	3	3	NUM
issue-3061	173	12	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	173	13	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	174	1	fake	fake	ADJ
issue-3061	174	2	news	news	NOUN
issue-3061	174	3	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	174	4	chatgpt	chatgpt	NOUN
issue-3061	174	5	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	174	6	truth	truth	NOUN
issue-3061	174	7	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	174	8	journalism	journalism	NOUN
issue-3061	174	9	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	174	10	disinformation	disinformation	NOUN
issue-3061	174	11	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	175	1	the	the	DET
issue-3061	175	2	guardian	guardian	PROPN
issue-3061	175	3	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	176	1	available	available	ADJ
issue-3061	176	2	at	at	ADP
issue-3061	176	3	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	176	4	https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2023/mar/03/fake-news-chatgpt-truth-journalismdisinformation	https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2023/mar/03/fake-news-chatgpt-truth-journalismdisinformation	PROPN
issue-3061	176	5	goldstein	goldstein	PROPN
issue-3061	176	6	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	176	7	j.	j.	PROPN
issue-3061	176	8	a	a	PROPN
issue-3061	176	9	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	176	10	chao	chao	PROPN
issue-3061	176	11	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	176	12	j.	j.	PROPN
issue-3061	176	13	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	176	14	&	&	CCONJ
issue-3061	176	15	grossman	grossman	PROPN
issue-3061	176	16	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	176	17	s.	s.	PROPN
issue-3061	176	18	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	176	19	stamos	stamos	PROPN
issue-3061	176	20	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	176	21	a.	a.	PROPN
issue-3061	176	22	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	176	23	&	&	CCONJ
issue-3061	176	24	tomz	tomz	PROPN
issue-3061	176	25	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	176	26	m.	m.	NOUN
issue-3061	176	27	(	(	PUNCT
issue-3061	176	28	2023	2023	NUM
issue-3061	176	29	)	)	PUNCT
issue-3061	176	30	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	177	1	can	can	AUX
issue-3061	177	2	ai	ai	VERB
issue-3061	177	3	write	write	VERB
issue-3061	177	4	persuasive	persuasive	ADJ
issue-3061	177	5	propaganda	propaganda	NOUN
issue-3061	177	6	?	?	PUNCT
issue-3061	178	1	socarxiv	socarxiv	NOUN
issue-3061	178	2	.	.	PUNCT
issue-3061	179	1	doi	doi	NOUN
issue-3061	179	2	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	180	1	https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/fp87b	https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/fp87b	NOUN
issue-3061	180	2	received	receive	VERB
issue-3061	180	3	on	on	ADP
issue-3061	180	4	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	180	5	14th	14th	NUM
issue-3061	180	6	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	180	7	august	august	PROPN
issue-3061	180	8	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	180	9	2025	2025	NUM
issue-3061	180	10	accepted	accept	VERB
issue-3061	180	11	on	on	ADP
issue-3061	180	12	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	180	13	02th	02th	NOUN
issue-3061	180	14	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	180	15	october	october	PROPN
issue-3061	180	16	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	180	17	2025	2025	NUM
issue-3061	180	18	published	publish	VERB
issue-3061	180	19	on	on	ADP
issue-3061	180	20	:	:	PUNCT
issue-3061	180	21	29th	29th	NOUN
issue-3061	180	22	of	of	ADP
issue-3061	180	23	october	october	PROPN
issue-3061	180	24	,	,	PUNCT
issue-3061	180	25	2025	2025	NUM