Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 315 Vol. 10 No. 5, 2024 This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 4.0 1 State University of Trade and Economics, Ukraine (corresponding author) E-mail: pustovitjuly@gmail.com ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000‐0003‐1845‐7044 Web of Science ResearcherID: C-7022-2018 2 National University of Food Technologies, Ukraine E-mail: eidragan@ukr.net ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7606-2385 Web of Science ResearcherID: F-5073-2018 3 National University of Food Technologies, Ukraine E-mail: аlinaberger2016@gmail.com ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2269-6147 Web of Science ResearcherID: F-5085-2018 DOI: https://doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2024-10-5-315-323 WORLD EXPERIENCE IN ADMINISTRATIVE AND LEGAL SUPPORT OF FOOD SECURITY Yuliya Pustovit1, Olena Dragan2, Alina Berher3 Abstract. The purpose of the study is to improve the legal support of food security in Ukraine, taking into account foreign best practices in this area. The subject of the research is a comparative analysis of the administrative and legal support of food security in the USA, Canada, Japan and the EU countries, according to the areas of state support and development of the agricultural sector, state social policy and social support of the population, and state regulation of product quality assurance. The generalisation of trends in foreign experience can be used to improve the administrative and legal regulation of the food security system of Ukraine. The methodological background of the study is a combination of theoretical and general scientific methods: analysis, synthesis and comparison, theoretical and logical generalisation. The study systematises the strategic directions of state regulation of food security in foreign countries (in particular, the United States, Canada, Japan, and the European Union) in accordance with the directions of state regulation of the agricultural sector, state social policy and social support of the population, and state regulation of product quality. Each country has a unique approach to food security, depending on domestic policies, resources and global market conditions. However, all the countries analysed share the common goal of ensuring safe, high-quality and affordable food for their populations, while developing a sustainable agricultural sector. This study analyses the food security challenges and threats facing Ukraine during the Russian-Ukrainian war (2022-2024). These factors contributed to the adoption of administrative and legal strategic decisions aimed at improving food security and economic sustainability of the country, namely: the law that restored the work of the State Land Cadastre, joining the signing of the Roadmap for Global Food Security; the Food Systems Transformation Plan for the period up to 2030; the Resolution "On Ensuring Stable Operation of Food Producers under Martial Law"; the National Food Security Platform; the draft National Target Programme for Land Use and Protection until 2033 and other regulatory documents aimed at stabilising the agricultural sector, restoring land use and improving the country's food security in times of war. Conclusion. Based on the research, Ukraine has a unique opportunity to improve the administrative and legal support of food security, using the foreign experience of progressive countries with a high level of the Global Food Security Index. At the same time, Ukraine is experiencing a crisis related to the consequences of the Russian-Ukrainian war, in particular: deterioration of food security; reduction of the population's purchasing power due to higher prices for basic foodstuffs; reduction of the amount of sown areas in the agricultural sector; reduction of the country's capacity. The government has adopted a number of laws, regulations, acts and measures to improve food security and economic sustainability. The implementation of these measures is aimed at achieving the following goals: replenishing the agricultural market by supporting producers; restoring food industry enterprises; ensuring the availability of food for all segments of the Ukrainian population; strengthening food security by replenishing state reserves with food; creating a food security monitoring system; prioritising the de-mining of agricultural land; adapting to climate change, etc. Keywords: food security, foreign experience, administrative and legal support, regulatory documents, strategic approaches, post-war reconstruction. JEL Classification: Q18, K32, Q01, F52 Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 316 Vol. 10 No. 5, 2024 1. Introduction The main task of the state is to ensure a reliable supply of food to the population, which is of strategic importance as it affects not only food security but also the economic and national security of the country. As a major participant in the global agricultural market, Ukraine has assumed a pivotal role in ensuring global food security. The country has established itself as a dependable partner in the provision of quality and essential products at affordable prices, thereby contributing to food stability in diverse regions. Concurrently, Ukraine has established the foundation for global security by mitigating the risks of military conflicts and armed confrontations that could emerge due to the scarcity of vital resources, such as food. Nevertheless, the changing climate, the COVID-19 pandemic and the full-scale military invasion of Ukraine have significantly worsened food security indicators both in Ukraine and globally. According to the Global Food Security Index (GFSI), in 2022 Ukraine ranked 26th among European countries and 71st in the global ranking of 113 countries in terms of food security (Ukraine, 2024). These challenges pose serious challenges for the country to improve food resilience and strengthen the food supply system. Worldwide experience shows that almost all countries today have government regulation of the food supply system. The normal functioning of the food supply requires appropriate measures to regulate agricultural production, including the formation of agricultural development policy, which is also part of the country's food security. In developed countries, food security is considered an important condition for social and political stability and economic independence of the country. Current developments in the domestic economy, as well as the challenges of war, pandemics and global warming, are creating a complex situation in the food sector. This has a negative impact on food supply and reduces food security. Such factors jeopardise the stability of food supply chains and create additional challenges for countries in meeting the basic needs of their citizens. In this regard, it is worth exploring strategic approaches to administrative and legal support for food security in the world and identifying the most suitable for adaptation and application in Ukraine in today's unpredictable environment. 2. Analysis of Recent Research and Publications The problem of ensuring the country's food security is a global one for the international community. The reports and publications of international rating agencies and organisations – the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, the Economist Intelligence Unit, the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO, 2022), the World Health Organisation, the World Trade Organisation and other experts – are an important scientific basis for research, which identify current trends in the state of food security in the global environment. The issue of ensuring the country's food security is addressed by a range of distinguished scientists from various fields, including economists, political scientists, lawyers, sociologists, ecologists, agrarians and food scientists, amongst others. The pertinence of this issue is evidenced by a plethora of scientific publications in the Scopus and Web of Science databases, which address existing challenges to humanity, such as the ongoing pandemic of the COVID-19, the Russian- Ukrainian war, and issues with the quality of food in Africa, Asia, and elsewhere. In particular, the main threats posed by the pandemic to global food security are considered in order to prevent the global health crisis from turning into a global food crisis (Laborde, 2020). Maximo Torero (2020) offers a set of policy prescriptions that can help keep millions from going hungry and strengthen food systems for a post- pandemic world. Abay (2023) analyses the impact of the Russian-Ukrainian war on global and regional food security to identify the world's most vulnerable regions and countries. Jessica Fanzo (2024) looks at global and local perspectives on improving food security and food systems in South Africa. The most relevant articles in Global Food Security analyse and compare the level of food security in different countries, explore threats and challenges, with interesting suggestions from the authors on how to prevent them, and other scientific recommendations. The majority of domestic authors undertake a study of the experience of developed countries with a high level of food security, with a view to improving legal regulation and the regulatory framework (Bugera, 2017; Grebenyuk, 2018; Horpynych, 2014; Kolomiets, 2017; Mostova, 2019; Oliynyk, 2012). In recent years, specific cases of post-war recovery in countries such as South Korea, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Croatia have been the focus of increased scholarly attention, and the results of these studies are analysed to determine how they can be used to ensure economic, food, and environmental security in Ukraine (Dankevich, 2023). The present study aims to identify the impact of the "perfect storm" in the global economy on food security, and to determine the most effective methods of mitigating the associated threats (Duginets, 2023). The foreign experience in food security risk management for implementation in Ukraine in the postwar period is also examined (Pavlovska, 2023). Foreign experience and challenges Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 317 Vol. 10 No. 5, 2024 for Ukraine in the field of state agri-food policy in the context of food security (Melnyk, 2024). Challenges of modern agricultural production in Ukraine and opportunities for change for the state in times of war (Shevchenko, 2024) and others. The objective of the research is to undertake a comparative analysis of the administrative and legal framework for food security in the USA, Canada, Japan, and the EU countries, with a view to improving the legal framework for food security in Ukraine. 3. Analysis of Strategic Approaches to State Regulation of Food Security in the World In the United States, a high level of food security is a top priority of the country's agricultural policy. The development of effective national food security has been made possible by a clear system of administrative, legal and government regulation and support for agriculture. This approach has not only ensured a diverse range of products and relatively low food prices in the country, but also made it a leader in global agricultural trade. During the 1990s, the United States used a range of measures to regulate the country's agricultural system. In the mid-1990s, almost 4.5% of the total budget was used to finance government programmes in this area. The domestic food security policy aimed to support the agricultural sector to ensure the stability of the domestic food market (International Agribusiness, 2003). In 1997, the US Department of Agriculture adopted a strategic work plan for the first time, which defined the main objective of the Department's activities. The respective priorities are as follows: the improvement of the quality of life of US citizens through the support of commodity agricultural production; the assurance of safe, nutritious and affordable food; the rational utilisation of arable, pasture and forest lands; the provision of sufficient economic opportunities for residents of rural areas; the expansion of access to world markets for agricultural and forestry products; and the reduction of the number of undernourished people both domestically and internationally. The United States' strategy for ensuring food security is founded upon a robust legislative framework. State regulation of food security is carried out in accordance with the provisions of the Food Security Act (1985) and the Food Security Improvement Act (1986). The Food Safety Modernisation Act, which was passed in 2011, resulted in the allocation of new powers to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) with regard to the regulation of food production and processing. Subsequently, in 2016, the Global Food Security Act was passed, which defines measures to promote global food security (Oliynyk, 2012). In the development of food policy in recent decades, US experts have also used new approaches to define its specific goals and means: transition from agricultural (farm) policy to food policy, which covers all parts of the country's food complex; assessment of the interrelationships of the food complex with the national economy; focus not on combating overproduction or eliminating deficits, but on developing alternative programs for relative market stabilisation, with the crucial role of the market mechanism; taking into account the closer interaction of domestic and world food markets (International Agribusiness, 2003). The development of the agricultural sector of the economy in the United States is supported by a balanced financial and credit policy, which serves as a tool for ensuring food security. A significant area of government regulation is the financing of targeted programmes at the national level from the state budget. The primary targeted programmes are aimed at stabilising farmers' incomes and providing scientific support. In the United States, there are more than 10 cross- sectoral targeted programmes related to the agricultural sector and farmers at the state level. These include programmes for the conservation and withdrawal of land from cultivation, food assistance to the population, marketing and inspection, and social development of rural areas, amongst others. The budget for these programmes is distributed 80% by the US Department of Agriculture through the Commodity Credit Corporation and the rest by local authorities and governments. Income stabilisation programmes are used to support farmers and include state price support, crop insurance and agricultural credit programmes (Mostova, 2019). The objective of the reforms of farm support programmes in the country was to stimulate the concentration of agricultural production and transition towards an agricultural sector that was less dependent on family farms. Large farms are the foundation of the competitiveness of the US agricultural sector in both domestic and foreign food markets. Large enterprises are strategic in maintaining the country's food security, and almost all existing forms of government support in the United States are available to them. The Food Assistance Act loan programme has been designed to encourage importing countries to make long-term purchases of US food. Since 1986, the mechanism of state compensation to farmers for export sales in the form of an export compensation premium has been utilised. This premium compensates farmers for the difference between the selling price on world markets and the collateral rate. The utilisation of this instrument enables the government to provide subsidies to farmers, thereby facilitating the Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 318 Vol. 10 No. 5, 2024 attainment of break-even and substantial volumes of food exports, irrespective of prevailing market conditions. Consequently, the United States' share in global exports of numerous agricultural products has been observed to range from 40 to 60%. The state policy in the field of agricultural credit is aimed at improving the efficiency of the credit market, strengthening competition between lenders, reducing the cost of credit, and improving information support for borrowers. The mechanism of state financing for the purchase of agricultural inputs is utilised. The US, for instance, employs a pricing policy for diesel fuel that is differentiated for farmers (Mostova, 2019). The social aspect of food security strategy in the United States is reduced to the implementation of the set of government food assistance programs approved by Congress in 1960 as part of the "Great Society" policy. However, these programs are declarative in nature. These programmes became a strategic priority in the 1980s and 1990s against the backdrop of growing social contradictions. The Ministry of Agriculture developed a policy for their funding and implementation, and the main strategic tasks were assigned to the Food and Consumer Services (Horpynych, 2014). Since 1989, a total of 16 government food assistance programmes have been operational in the United States. The Food Assistance Program (SNAP) is of particular note, as it is aimed not only at the rural population but also at the entire low-income population of the United States. It includes the School Lunch Program (NSLP), Food Stamps, the Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC), and others (usafacts.org, 2022). The United States has established a system of food quality and safety control that has been proven to be effective. Consequently, on December 21, 2010, Congress passed the Food Safety Act, which aims to ensure food safety in the United States by redefining the focus of federal regulatory authorities. Henceforth, these authorities will focus less on responding to food contamination cases and more on preventing them. The law provides for strict oversight of food imported into the United States (15% of food is imported into the United States from abroad). The law authorises grants for training, inspections, laboratory capacity building and food safety programmes. To improve food security in the United States, the Global Food Security Act was passed in 2016, which aims to increase US efforts to "advance global food security, sustainability, and nutrition". In 2018, the Global Food Security Reauthorisation Act was passed to expand and extend the Feed the Future programme until 2023. In 2019, the USDA launched a two-year pilot online shopping program that allows people to select and purchase products from authorised Walmart, Safeway, ShopRite and Amazon online stores in 49 states. Thus, the United States is paying considerable attention to food security issues in terms of administrative and regulatory support. The general concept of food security was endorsed in Canada in 1998 in the Canadian Food Security Action Plan. Despite the fact that Canada has been a country with a high level of food production for the past 50 years, the plan is based on the idea of increasing food availability as an important factor in improving the living standards of the population. The Canadian Food Security Action Plan is a Government of Canada programme that sets out the intentions and specific actions of government departments and public agencies in the activities of the world community to ensure food security. This plan defines actions within the framework of the 1996 World Summit. Government support for Canadian farmers is provided through two levels of programs: federal (central) and provincial. The list of federal programs includes (Dugienko, 2014): – The National Net Income Stabilisation Programme is a kind of savings mechanism for farmers that guarantees that, even in a bad year, a farmer's income will not fall below the average of the previous three years. – Price unification programme by the Wheat Chamber. The mechanism of the programme is that farmers sell their grain to the Wheat Chamber at a time convenient to them and receive the fixed initial price, which is the same for all grain in the same class. – Advance Payment Program. The Canadian federal government provides farmers with cash in exchange for grain (wheat, barley) stored on the farm. This advance is usually made in the autumn. This programme is governed by a specific act (the Agricultural Commodity Sales Program Act). – The production quota support programme is a programme under which special government- authorised bodies sell quotas to producers for the production of certain types of agricultural products. This mainly applies to milk and poultry production, i.e., products that are sold exclusively within the country. Producers with quotas are guaranteed sales of their products at a price calculated according to domestic demand. The example of provincial-level government support programmes is illustrated by those implemented in the province of Alberta through the Agriculture Finance Corporation. These programmes are designed to provide support to farmers, including the income stabilisation programme, loan programmes, programmes providing insurance for crop damage, and programmes to compensate farmers for damage caused by wild animals. Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 319 Vol. 10 No. 5, 2024 A key priority of Canada's government policy is to ensure the food supply of the population residing in the northern territories and the Arctic region of the country. It is important to acknowledge that this initiative represents a logical progression of the state-sponsored initiative for food provision to the northern regions, entitled "Food by Post", which has been in effect since 1986. Under this initiative, the state provides subsidies for the procurement of food parcels for individuals residing in remote areas. In the aftermath of the Second World War, the European Union faced the challenge of ensuring food security, safeguarding against inexpensive imports, and promoting domestic producers and food exports in member countries. This led to the conception of a unified European system to address these issues. Consequently, in 1957, the Treaty of Rome was signed by six countries (Germany, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg), thus establishing the European Community. The Treaty provided for the establishment of a common food policy for the Community with the following aims: to increase agricultural productivity through technological change and to ensure rational development and optimum use of the factors of production; to ensure a fair standard of living for people living in rural areas; to stabilise agricultural markets; to guarantee food supply; and to ensure affordable food prices for consumers. The aim of EU food policy is to achieve high standards of food safety, to protect and improve the health of consumers and to protect the environment. Although the EU food safety system is considered to be one of the most dangerous in the world, it has recently made significant improvements that food producers should take into account. The European Commission has developed a document on community food policy entitled the White Paper on Food Security, which sets out a number of measures to improve the current system and ensure full control over the food supply chain, from forage to the consumer. The White Paper introduces the so-called "farm-to-table" concept (Oliynyk, 2012). One of the primary mechanisms employed by the EU to ensure its food security is the provision of financial support to farmers, which amounts to 500 million USD on an annual basis (in 2016, this was allocated based on the area of agricultural land and livestock). In particular, in 2016, the European Commission presented a new package of measures that, once enacted, will allow EU farmers to receive more than 1 billion EUR. The initiative is comprised of three distinct components. For a budget of 150 million EUR, the European Commission will establish a series of measures designed to encourage a reduction in dairy production throughout the Union. The EU will provide a subsidy of 350 million EUR, which member states may supplement by an equal amount of their own. The plan also includes a number of technical measures to increase flexibility, reduce cash flows and develop the safety net. This means, for example, bringing forward the payment of agricultural subsidies, paying them in advance and subsidising the storage of milk powder. Germany is expected to receive the largest amount of subsidies (58 million EUR), followed by France (49.9 million EUR). Subsidies are mainly earmarked for the dairy sector. In the European Union, not only general regulations and legal acts, but also a significant list of specific requirements and standards aimed at ensuring food safety are effectively in place. The basic principles of regulation are contained in the Food Law, Regulation (EC) No 178/2002/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council, which sets out the general principles and requirements of food law. All regulations are directly applicable in the member states, i.e., they do not have to be discussed in the legislation of each individual country. The basis for American standards is still the Organic Food Production Act, passed in 1990. France's food security policy is based on the National Food Security Strategy. According to this strategy, responsibility for ensuring food security lies with the Ministry of Agriculture, Food, Fisheries, Rural and Regional Planning, whose areas of activity include food, state support for domestic producers and protection of their interests, fisheries and aquaculture, veterinary medicine and plant protection. There are also development agencies and research centres that provide scientific research on problematic issues in this sector (Batygina, 2013). Under the Law on Ensuring the Stability of Agricultural Production, the Ministry of Agriculture is responsible for developing and implementing national agricultural policy. The state supports the competitiveness of agricultural production and regulates the domestic agricultural market, ensuring that food imports do not damage domestic agricultural production and that prices for imported goods are not lower than world and domestic market prices. Farmers in France receive subsidies to increase production efficiency, improve living conditions, withdraw arable land from agricultural production, maintain soil fertility and compensate for working in areas with difficult natural conditions. In Germany, the Agricultural Act of 1955 explicitly states that the state is obliged to consider the problem of food supply as a strategic one, to create food funds without using the full range of economic incentives and support measures, and not to make food supply dependent on third countries. Germany has adopted the Food Security Strategy, according to which the authorized authorities in the Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 320 Vol. 10 No. 5, 2024 field of food security are divided into the following levels: European (European Commission, European Food Safety Authority, EU Food and Veterinary Office); federal (Federal Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, German Federal Office for Consumer Protection and Food Safety); local (federal research institutes). The German Food Security Strategy combines the whole range of both general theoretical approaches to understanding food security and economic and legal means of achieving it, which helps to ensure food safety and quality, guarantee consumer rights and comply with procedures for resolving conflict situations with consumers (Bugera, 2017). In Sweden, the Rationalisation of Agriculture Act was passed in 1947 to support the competitiveness of national agricultural producers and to limit imports of food raw materials by introducing quotas and tariffs. In stimulating agricultural production, the state assumed that farmers' incomes should not be lower than the average wage of skilled workers in industry (Superson, 2008). Japan has a stringent policy on food security. The country has implemented measures to restrict the importation of food products that compete with domestic production, through the establishment of substantial import barriers. For instance, the importation of rice is subject to almost complete prohibition, despite the state purchasing it on the domestic market at prices that exceed global market values. The primary domains of food security regulation in the nation encompass state price regulation, foreign trade regulation, food market regulation, and structural programs (Ulyanchenko, 2008). In 1995, the Law on Stabilization of Supply and Demand for Basic Foodstuffs ("Law on Food") was adopted, with the aim of maintaining a balance of supply and demand in the food market. The law stipulates the allocation of subsidies to agricultural enterprises and the financing of projects aimed at the integration of innovative technologies in the domain of livestock farming. Within the context of public procurement, prices for products should be comparable to market prices. The system of authorised food sales organisations was abolished, and a system of registration and licensing was introduced. Japan's strategy for ensuring food security is predicated on the principles of safeguarding the domestic market. In 1999, Japan adopted the Law on Food, Agriculture and Rural Development, with food designated as a strategic priority for ensuring the livelihood and health of the population (Mostova, 20119). Japan's food security strategy is part of the country's comprehensive security concept, adopted in 1980. According to this concept, the main threat to the country's food security is the lack of its own resources. The primary strategic objective of ensuring the population's food security is to regulate the ratio of self-sufficiency and imports, implement international co-operation policy, and optimise domestic resources. Japan's food security strategy plays a significant role in the formation of state food stocks, which are supplemented by the stocks of local governments, agricultural organisations, food companies and households. A pivotal element of the food security strategy pertains to the provision of information support, which involves the enhancement of the operations of the government service that undertakes the analysis of global food market supply and demand. To summarise the aforementioned points, it can be posited that each nation employs a distinct approach to food security, a phenomenon that is contingent on domestic policies, available resources, administrative and legal frameworks, and global market conditions. Nevertheless, all the countries analysed share a common goal of ensuring safe, quality and affordable food for the population while developing a sustainable agricultural sector. 3. Improving the Legal Framework for Food Security in Ukraine during the War Following the enactment of the Law of Ukraine "On Food Security," the authorities' powers in this field were clearly defined, and measures were developed to create and store strategic food stocks, among other things. In 2022-2024, the Russian-Ukrainian war led to a deterioration in the country's food security. The decline in the purchasing power of the population and the increase in the proportion of total income spent on food are among the main challenges facing the Ukrainian economy. As a result, the population is forced to allocate more resources to basic needs, reducing the level of consumption of other goods and services. This is compounded by other problems: – Decrease in the amount of sown area and reduction in the number of entrepreneurs in the agricultural sector, which reduces the overall level of food production. – Deterioration of Ukraine’s position in the Global Food Security Index, which indicates a weakening of the country’s ability to provide food to the population in the face of current challenges. In order to enhance food security and economic sustainability, the country requires the implementation of regulatory and strategic decisions. At the conclusion of 2022, legislation was enacted that led to the reestablishment of the State Land Cadastre, the resumption of land auctions for the transfer of agricultural land for use, and the re-establishment of the registration of lease rights Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 321 Vol. 10 No. 5, 2024 for land plots whose operations had previously been suspended due to military operations. In addition, Ukraine: – Joined the signing of the roadmap for global food security; – developed the plan for the transformation of food systems for the period up to 2030; – adopted the Resolution "On Ensuring Stable Operation of Food Producers under Martial Law"; – created the National Food Security Platform on the basis of the State Service of Ukraine for Food Safety and Consumer Protection; – presented a draft national target program for land use and protection until 2033. These measures are intended to stabilise the agricultural sector, resume land operations, and enhance the nation's food security in times of war. In order to ensure reliable food supply to the population of Ukraine, increase the economic and physical availability of food products, and prevent disruption of agricultural export contracts, the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine adopted the Resolution "On Adoption of the Food Security Strategy of Ukraine for the period up to 2027 and Approval of the Operational Action Plan for its Implementation", which contains key objectives (The Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine “On Adoption of the Food Security Strategy of Ukraine for the period up to 2027 and Approval of the Operational Action Plan for its Implementation”, 2023): 1. Filling the agricultural market. Support for producers, including organic products, is envisaged. Gradual substitution of imports and restoration of food industry enterprises. 2. Provision of affordable food for all population groups in Ukraine. Reduction of the share of food costs in the structure of expenditures of Ukrainians. 3. Strengthening food security. Replenishment of state reserves with food, creation of a food security monitoring system, priority demining of agricultural land, adaptation to climate change, etc. The goals set out in the Strategy are to be achieved in two stages: The initial phase (2024–2026) entails the establishment and execution of support mechanisms for producers, with the objective of fostering the development of the agricultural sector, with a particular emphasis on organic producers. The second stage (through 2027) is the restoration of food industry enterprises at the level of amalgamated territorial communities, administrative units and the state as a whole. The implementation of the Food Security Strategy of Ukraine will result in the establishment of a resilient system that will withstand potential threats. This strategy is poised to ensure the country's food independence and facilitate the sustainable development of its agricultural sector. Furthermore, it is anticipated to guarantee the population's access to safe food in adequate quantities. It is imperative that a thorough analysis be conducted on the matter of food security, given Ukraine's considerable agricultural potential and its substantial role in international food markets. A fundamental aspect of the nation's post-war reconstruction should entail the analysis of global principles of food market stabilization, encompassing the following elements: – Agriculture; – logistics; – distribution and supply. It is important for Ukraine to be guided by the best international practices in the field of food security, such as: – Optimisation of the use of land resources to achieve maximum efficiency in agricultural production. – Introduction of sustainable technologies adapted to local climatic and environmental conditions. – Ensuring equal access to food for all citizens, regardless of their place of residence or financial status. – Diversification of logistics supply chains to reduce dependence on single sources and increase system resilience. – Improving the legal and regulatory framework for food security as a basis for the implementation of strategic government regulation decisions in the context of the country's recovery. These measures are expected to contribute to improving Ukraine's food security and strengthening its position in global markets, a matter of particular importance in the context of post-war reconstruction and economic recovery. 4. Conclusions 1. The Russian-Ukrainian war has had a significant impact on global food security, exacerbating an already critical situation and propelling it into the category of one of the world's most pressing crises. This necessitates a comprehensive and coordinated response at both the national and global levels. In the short term, the primary objective should be to ensure the stability of food supplies and to provide support for agricultural production. A long-term strategy should include diversifying markets, developing alternative logistics routes and introducing new technologies to increase the resilience of food systems. This will not only help overcome the current crisis, but will also help prevent similar situations in the future and ensure global food security. 2. Based on the experience of foreign countries, it is necessary to highlight the elements of their food security policy, which Ukraine should take into account when adapting national legislation to EU requirements, namely: integration of the domestic Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 322 Vol. 10 No. 5, 2024 economy into the international division of labour, setting export targets, control over foreign capital (foreign investment, protection from the effects of foreign exchange, etc.); development of the country's production potential (its quality, growth rate, level of utilisation), control over the quality of products, etc. In modern conditions, the key issue of state regulation is to ensure that the country's population has a sufficient amount of quality and safe food. 3. The necessity for basic amenities such as food, clothing, and shelter is constant, and the satisfaction of these needs must be reliable, uninterrupted, and stable. The issues of social stability and food security compel developed countries to regulate the food market, thereby maintaining the solvent demand of food buyers and supporting their agricultural producers. 4. Global experience shows that there is no single approach to state regulation of food security. The food security strategy depends on resources and state interests, taking into account strategic objectives. Free trade in food is supported by economically developed countries with significant agricultural resources and natural and economic advantages in agricultural production. 5. Food security is of paramount importance in Ukraine's post-war reconstruction. Military operations have significantly disrupted supply chains and agricultural production, with negative consequences for Ukraine's population, economy and environment. 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