Microsoft Word - 3 Bangladesh Agron. J. 2017, 20(2): 17-26 EFFECT OF SPACING AND SEEDLING PER HILL ON THE EFFECT OF SPACING AND SEEDLING PER HILL ON THE EFFECT OF SPACING AND SEEDLING PER HILL ON THE EFFECT OF SPACING AND SEEDLING PER HILL ON THE PERFORMANCE OF AUS RICE PERFORMANCE OF AUS RICE PERFORMANCE OF AUS RICE PERFORMANCE OF AUS RICE var. var. var. var. BRRI dhan48BRRI dhan48BRRI dhan48BRRI dhan48 T. A. NinadT. A. NinadT. A. NinadT. A. Ninad1111, M. M. Bahadur, M. M. Bahadur, M. M. Bahadur, M. M. Bahadur2222, M. A. Hasan, M. A. Hasan, M. A. Hasan, M. A. Hasan2222, M. M. Alam, M. M. Alam, M. M. Alam, M. M. Alam3333 and M. S. Ranaand M. S. Ranaand M. S. Ranaand M. S. Rana1111 1M. S. Student, Dept. of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Sci. and Tech. University, Dinajpur 2Professor, Dept. of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Sci. and Tech. University, Dinajpur 3Lecturer, Dept. of Agronomy, Shahid Akber Ali Science and Technology College, Thakurgaon. (Received:Received:Received:Received: 20 April 2017, Accepted:Accepted:Accepted:Accepted: 7 December 2017)))) Key words: Key words: Key words: Key words: Spacing, No. of seedling, yield, var. BRRI dhan48, Aus rice AbstractAbstractAbstractAbstract An experiment was conducted at the research field and laboratory in the Department of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, during the period of April to August, 2016 to study the effect of spacing and number of seedlings hill-1 on the yield of Aus rice var. BRRI dhan48. Four spacing’s viz. 20 cm × 10 cm, 20 cm × 15cm, 20cm × 20 cm and 20 cm × 25cm and three number of seedlings hill-1 viz. 1, 2 and 4 were included in the study. Results indicated that the highest number of total tillers hill-1 (22.86), number of effective tillers hill-1 (21.24), number of grains panicle-1 (128.79) and 1000-grain weight (23.30g) were found with 20cm × 25cm spacing. The highest plant height (104.27 cm), number of leaves plant-1 (35.80), grain yield (3.06 tha-1), straw yield (3.37 tha-1) and harvest index were obtained from 20 cm × 10 cm spacing. The highest grain yield of 2.98 t ha-1 was obtained from 4 seedlings hill-1, while the lowest 2.47 t ha-1 from 1 seedlings hill-1. The highest grain yield of 3.40 tha-1 was obtained from 20 cm × 10 cm spacing with 4 seedlings hill-1 while the lowest grain yield of 2.21 tha-1 from the wider spacing. Results of the present study revealed that 20 cm x 10 cm spacing with 4 seedlings hill-1 combination was found to be the best for obtaining maximum grain yield of Aus rice var. BRRI dhan48. IntroductionIntroductionIntroductionIntroduction Rice is the most extensively cultivated staple food crop for the people of Bangladesh. It plays a vital role in Bangladesh agriculture as it covers 74 per cent of total cultivable area (AIS, 2001). The total production under rice cultivation in Bangladesh about 19.1 million tons from Boro, 13.02 million tons from Aman and 2.6 million tons from Aus rice in 2014-15 (BBS, 2015). Rice is grown in three distinct season’s viz. aus, aman and boro among which aus rice covers only 12.27% of the rice growing area. The average yield of rice in aus is only 1.45 (BBS, 2001). So, among these three seasons, rice yield is the lowest in Aus season as compared to the other growing seasons and therefore, efforts should be made to increase the yield of Aus rice. Optimum plant density ensures proper growth of the aerial and underground parts of the plant through efficient utilization of solar radiation, nutrients, land as well as air spaces and water (Miah et al., 1990). Regardless of plant spacing within and among rows, plant density must be such that the crop develops a canopy able to intercept more than 95% of the incoming solar radiation during reproductive growth. Baloch et al. (2002) reported that appropriate plant density of a cultivar is necessary for obtaining higher yield and quality of rice. 18 Ninad et al. Number of seedlings hill-1 is an important factor for successful rice production which affects plant population unit-1 area, availability of sunlight and nutrients, photosynthesis and respiration, which ultimately influence the yield of crop (Chowdhury et al., 1993). Excess number of seedlings hill-1 may produce higher number of tillers hill-1 resulting in mutual shading and lodging and thus favouring the production of higher grain and straw yield, while less number of seedlings hill-1 may cause reduction of total number of panicles in per unit area which may be associated with poor yield. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to find out the effect of spacing and number of seedlings hill-1 on the yield of Aus rice var. BRRI dhan48. Materials Materials Materials Materials and Mand Mand Mand Methodsethodsethodsethods The experiment was conducted at the research farm and laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology Department, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University (HSTU), Dinajpur during April to August, 2016 to study the effect of spacing and number of seedlings hill-1 on the yield of Aus rice var. BRRI dhan48. The experimental field was a medium high land belonging to the non-calcareous dark gray floodplain soil under the Agro-Ecological Zone (AEZ-1) of Old Himalayan Piedmont Plain (FAO, 2005). Treatments include four spacing’s viz. 20 cm × 10 cm, 20 cm × 15 cm, 20 cm × 20 cm and 20 cm × 25 cm and three numbers of seedlings hill-1 viz. 1, 2 and 4 were. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The unit plot size was 3.0 m × 2.0 m. BRRI dhan48 is a high yielding variety of aus rice developed by BRRI was used as planting material. The experimental land was prepared through ploughing and cross ploughing and fertilized with urea, triple super phosphate (TSP) muriate of potash (MOP), gypsum and zinc sulphate at the rate of 180, 100, 60, 60 and 10 kg ha-1, respectively. Twenty five days old seedlings were transplanted on 5th May, 2016 with 20 cm spacing between lines and 10, 15, 20 and 25 cm spacing between hills in respective treatment Intercultural operations were done for maintaining the normal growth and development of the crop. The crop was harvested at full maturity and five hills were randomly selected from each unit plot for recording of necessary data. The collected data was analyzed by using the “Analysis of variance” (ANOVA) technique with the help of a computer package (MSTAT-C) program (Gomez and Gomez, 1984). Results and Results and Results and Results and DDDDiscussioniscussioniscussioniscussion Plant height (cm): Plant height (cm): Plant height (cm): Plant height (cm): The effect of row spacing and number of seedling hill-1 on plant height at different days after transplanting (DAT) was statistically significant (Table. 1). Results showed that plant height increased with decreasing row spacing. The tallest plant was recorded at S1 (20 cm × 10 cm) spacing while shortest plant was recorded at S4 (20 cm × 25 cm) spacing. The taller plant in densely populated plants might have resulted due to competition for sunlight than those of wider spacing as reported by Abbas et al. (1994) and Akita et al. (1992). Result showed that at 35, 55, 75 DAT and at harvest N3 (4 seedlings hill-1) showed the longest plant while N1 (1 seedling hill-1) showed shortest plant. The result was similar with the findings of Shrirame et al. (2000) and Shah et al. (1991). Results indicated that the longest plant was found in 20 cm × 10 cm spacing with 4 seedlings hill-1 (S1N3). Number of leaves hillNumber of leaves hillNumber of leaves hillNumber of leaves hill----1111:::: Significant variations were observed in number of leaves hill-1 at 55 and 75 DAT as influenced due to row spacing (Table 1). Results showed that S1 treatment was 19 Effect of Spacing and Seedling Per Hill on the Performance evident for the highest number of leaves hill-1 and the lowest in S4. In case of number of seedling hill-1 4 seedling hill-1 showed highest number of leaves per hill while lowest number of leaves hill-1 from 1 seedling hill-1 which was supported by Shrirame et al. (2000). Interaction effect indicated that the highest number of leaves hill-1 was found S1N3 and the lowest number in S4N1 at 55 and 75 DAT. Number of total tillers hillNumber of total tillers hillNumber of total tillers hillNumber of total tillers hill----1111:::: The highest number of total tillers hill-1 was recorded at S4 (20 cm × 25 cm) and the lowest at S1 (20 cm × 10 cm) spacing. Reduction in total tillers hill-1 in closer spacing might be due to increased number of plants per unit area. This increased number of plants per unit area exerted competition among plants for nutrients and light that caused a reduction in tiller number. Similar results were also reported by Baloch et al. (2002) in rice. Results showed that (4 seedling hill-1 showed the highest number of total tillers hill-1 (23.47). The results are in conformity with Karmakar et al. (2002), Shrirame et al. (2000) and BINA (1987). In case of interaction the highest number of total tillers hill-1 was found in S4N3 and the lowest one in S1N1. Number of effective tillers hillNumber of effective tillers hillNumber of effective tillers hillNumber of effective tillers hill----1111:::: The effect of row spacing, seedling number hill-1 and the interaction was statistically significant (Table 2). The highest number of effective tillers hill-1 was recorded at 20 cm x 25 cm spacing and the lowest 20 cm x 10 cm spacing Increase in effective tillers hill-1 in wider spacing might be due to increased number of plants per unit area. Similar results were also reported by Baloch et al. (2002) in rice. The highest number of effective tillers hill-1 was found from 4 seedlings hill-1 and the lowest number with 1 seedlings hill-1 which was supported by Islam (1980). Number of nonNumber of nonNumber of nonNumber of non----effective tillers hilleffective tillers hilleffective tillers hilleffective tillers hill----1111:::: Row spacing, seedling number hill-1 and the interaction had significant influence on transplant aus rice (Table 2). The highest number of non-effective tillers hill-1 (6.69) was observed in S1 and the lowest one (5.22) in closer spacing of S4 Reduction in the number of non-effective tiller in widely populated area might be due to plant can able to produce effective tiller at later growth stages which was in agreement with those of Baloch et al. (2002). It was observed that the highest number of non-effective tillers hill-1 (7.17) was found in S1N1 and the lowest one (4.00) in S4N3. Length of panicle Length of panicle Length of panicle Length of panicle (cm):(cm):(cm):(cm): The longest panicle length (23.35 cm) was produced by 20 cm × 25 cm spacing and the shortest one (20.97 cm) by 20cm × 10 cm. similar results was observed by Lious (1987) who stated that closer spacing decreased panicle length. The longest panicle length (24.40 cm) was produced by 4 seedlings hill-1 and the shortest one (20.02 cm) by 1 seedlings hill-1. Number of grains panicleNumber of grains panicleNumber of grains panicleNumber of grains panicle----1111:::: The highest number of grains panicle-1 (128.79) was observed in 20 cm × 25 cm spacing while lowest number of grains panicle-1 (104.17) in 20 cm × 10 cm spacing. Reduction in the number of grains panicle-1 under closer spacing might be due to increased number of plants per unit area. This increased number of plants per unit area exerted competition among plants for nutrients and light that might have caused lower crop growth rate with consequently a reduction in the number of filled grains panicle-1 which was supported by Sarker et al. (2002) and Ghosh et al. (1988). It was found that more seedling with higher no. of grains while less no. of seedling produced lowest (111.30) number of grains panicle-1. 20 Ninad et al. Number of sterile Number of sterile Number of sterile Number of sterile spikelet’sspikelet’sspikelet’sspikelet’s paniclepaniclepaniclepanicle----1111:::: Result revealed that the number of sterile spikelets panicle-1 decreased with increasing row spacing. The highest number of sterile spikelets panicle-1 (27.06) was found in 1 seedling hill-1. The highest number of sterile spikelets panicle-1 (30.50) was obtained from 20 cm × 10 cm with 1 seedlings hill-1 and the lowest one (20.00) from 20 cm × 25 cm with 4 seedlings hill-1. ThousandThousandThousandThousand----grain weight (g):grain weight (g):grain weight (g):grain weight (g): The highest 1000-grain weight (23.30g) was recorded from 20 cm × 25 cm spacing and the lowest one (22.51g) from 20 cm × 10 cm spacing. 1000-grain weight decreased with increasing plant density in rice which was obtained by Baloach et al. (2002) and Yan et al. (2007). Result revealed that 4 seedling hill-1) showed highest 1000 grains weight (24.20g) while 1 seedling hill-1 showed the lowest 1000 grains weight (21.87g). Similar findings were observed by Wen and Yang (1991). In interaction, the highest 1000- grain weight (24.60g) was found in S4N3 and lowest one (21.57g) in S1N1. Grain yield (thaGrain yield (thaGrain yield (thaGrain yield (tha----1111):):):): Grain yield was significantly influenced by spacing, number of seedlings hill-1 and the interaction (Fig. 1, 2 & 3). The highest (3.06 tha-1) grain yield was recorded in 20 cm × 10 cm spacing and the lowest grain yield (2.47 tha-1) in wider row spacing of 20 cm × 25 cm. The highest grain yield was recorded in closer spacing might be due to highest number of plants per unit area which was supported by Neelam and Nisha (2000) Kang et al. (2001) and Baloach et al.(2002). Result revealed that more seedling showed the highest grain yield (2.98 tha-1) where the lowest grain yield (2.47 tha-1) with 1 seedling hill-1. Similar results were also found by Islam et al. (2002) and Obulamma et al. (2002). The interaction between 20 cm × 10 cm with 4 seedlings hill-1 produced the highest grain yield (3.40 tha-1) and 20 cm × 25 cm with 1 seedlings hill-1 produced the lowest grain yield (2.21 tha-1). Straw yield (thaStraw yield (thaStraw yield (thaStraw yield (tha----1111): ): ): ): Straw yield was significantly influenced by spacing, number of seedlings hill-1 and their interaction (Fig. 1, 2 & 3). The highest straw yield was recorded in 20 cm × 10 cm spacing (3.37 tha-1) and the lowest in 20 × 25 cm spacing (3.07 tha-1). The result is consistent with the findings of Baloach et al. (2002). Result revealed that 4 seedling hill-1 showed the highest straw yield (3.61 tha-1), while the lowest straw yield (2.92 tha-1) with 1 seedling hill-1. The results found by Karmakar et al. (2002) and Shrirame et al. (2000) were similar with the findings. The interaction between 20 cm × 10 cm with 4 seedlings hill-1 produced the highest straw yield (3.75 tha-1) and 20 cm × 25 cm with 1 seedling hill-1 produced the lowest straw yield (2.78 tha-1). Harvest index (%) :Harvest index (%) :Harvest index (%) :Harvest index (%) : The highest harvest index was observed in wider row spacing of 20 cm × 10 cm (47.63%) and the lowest one (44.52%) from the spacing of 20 cm × 25 cm. Result revealed that 4 seedlings hill-1) showed the highest harvest index (47.12%) where the lowest (45.69 %) with 1 seedling hill-1 which was also achieved by Karmakar et al. (2002), Shrirame et al. (2000) and BINA (1993). The interaction between 20 cm × 10 cm with 4 seedlings hill-1 produced the highest harvest index (47.55%) and 20 cm × 25 cm with 1 seedlings hill-1 produced the lowest harvest index (44.34%). 21 Effect of Spacing and Seedling Per Hill on the Performance Table 1. Effect of spacing and number of seedling hill-1 on plant height, number of leaves hill-1 and number of total tillers hill-1 of Aus rice at different days after transplanting (DAT) Treatment Plant height (cm) Leaves hill-1 (no.) Total tillers hill-1(no.) Spacing 35 DAT 55 DAT 75 DAT At harvest 35 DAT 55 DAT 75 DAT 35 DAT 55 DAT 75 DAT At harvest S1 60.00a 79.22a 99.99a 104.27a 21.03 29.11a 35.80a 7.28d 10.28d 15.81d 22.86a S2 59.11ab 78.67ab 99.66a 103.72a 20.23 28.33a 34.94ab 8.44c 11.28c 17.39c 21.96b S3 58.00bc 78.67ab 96.56b 100.90b 19.11 28.72a 33.93bc 8.89b 12.17b 18.11b 21.14c S4 57.67c 77.67b 96.36b 100.75b 20.01 26.42b 32.82c 10.17a 13.00a 19.44a 20.34d Level of significance ** * ** ** NS ** ** ** ** ** ** Seedling hill-1 N1 57.17b 76.25c 94.58c 99.22b 14.35c 29.11c 30.91c 6.12c 9.83c 15.23c 19.85c N2 57.42b 78.67b 98.68b 103.67a 19.63b 28.33b 32.42b 8.96b 11.79b 18.13b 21.41b N3 61.50a 80.75a 101.16a 104.35a 26.32a 28.72a 39.80a 11.00a 13.42a 19.71a 23.47a Level of significance ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** Interaction S1N1 56.33 77.00 95.67eg 101.60cd 15.60 21.83g 32.17ce 5.33h 8.50 14.10i 21.20ef S1N2 57.67 79.33 97.33df 107.19b 19.83 30.00de 34.00c 8.00e 10.50 16.33fg 22.73c S1N3 63.00 82.00 107.00a 111.56a 27.67 36.00a 41.67a 8.50de 11.83 17.00ef 24.65a S2N1 58.00 76.00 95.00fg 98.92df 14.77 20.00h 32.17ce 6.00gh 9.00 14.83hi 20.47g S2N2 59.00 77.33 98.67d 100.00cf 19.33 29.00ef 31.00de 8.83d 11.33 17.83de 21.50e S2N3 62.00 80.33 104.30b 106.67b 26.60 35.50a 41.23a 10.50c 13.50 19.50bc 23.90b S3N1 57.00 76.67 94.00g 99.04df 13.67 20.17h 29.80de 6.17g 10.33 15.50gh 19.30h 22 Ninad et al. Treatment Plant height (cm) Leaves hill-1 (no.) Total tillers hill-1(no.) Spacing 35 DAT 55 DAT 75 DAT At harvest 35 DAT 55 DAT 75 DAT 35 DAT 55 DAT 75 DAT At harvest S3N2 58.33 80.00 96.00dg 98.00ef 20.00 32.00c 32.33cd 9.00d 12.33 18.67cd 21.13f S3N3 61.00 81.00 101.67c 105.67b 23.67 34.00b 39.67a 11.50b 13.83 20.17b 23.00c S4N1 56.00 75.33 93.67g 97.30f 13.37 19.97h 29.50e 7.00f 11.50 16.50fg 18.42i S4N2 56.00 78.00 96.32dg 100.64ce 19.33 28.00f 32.33cd 10.00c 13.00 19.67bc 20.27g S4N3 60.00 79.67 98.09de 102.33c 27.33 31.30cd 36.63b 13.50a 14.50 22.17a 22.34d Level of significance NS NS ** ** NS ** ** ** NS ** ** CV (%) 3.21 2.40 3.50 3.64 7.45 3.10 4.17 5.00 4.31 3.33 3.89 In a column, values followed by similar letter (s) did not differ significantly by DMRT at ≤5% level of significant Note: NS = Not Significance S1 = 20 cm x 10 cm, S2 = 20 cm x 15 cm, S3 = 20 cm x 20 cm, S4 = 20 cm x 25 cm N1 = 1 seedling, N2 = 2 seedlings, N3 = 3 seedling 23 Effect of Spacing and Seedling Per Hill on the Performance Table 2. Effect of spacing and number of seedling hill-1 on the yield attributes of Aus rice Treatment Effective tillers hill-1 (no.) Non- effective tillers hill-1(no.) Panicle length (cm) Grains panicle-1 (no.) Sterile spikelets panicle-1 (no.) 1000 - grains weight (g) Harvest index (%) Spacing S1 18.24d 6.69a 20.97d 104.17d 28.94a 22.51d 47.63a S2 19.74c 6.12b 21.88c 110.72c 26.55b 22.80c 45.62b S3 20.41b 5.70bc 22.63b 112.83b 23.62c 23.08b 45.05bc S4 21.24a 5.22c 23.35a 128.79a 21.69d 23.30a 44.52c Level of significance ** ** ** ** ** ** ** Seedling hill-1 N1 17.75c 6.54a 20.02c 111.30c 27.06a 21.87c 45.69c N2 20.10b 6.42a 22.21b 113.71b 25.14b 22.69b 46.31b N3 21.87a 4.84b 24.40a 117.38a 23.40c 24.20a 47.12a Level of significance ** ** ** ** ** ** ** Interaction S1N1 16.25h 7.17a 18.73 101.67h 30.50a 21.57j 47.15ab S1N2 18.25f 7.17a 20.75 104.00g 29.50b 22.15h 47.20ab S1N3 20.22d 5.75bc 23.42 106.83f 26.83c 23.80d 47.55a S2N1 17.25g 6.67ab 19.82 106.50f 29.08b 21.80i 45.31df S2N2 20.68d 6.68ab 21.83 111.33e 26.20c 22.50g 46.40bc S2N3 21.28c 5.00cd 24.00 114.33cd 24.37d 24.10c 46.17df S3N1 18.50f 6.50ab 20.40 110.50e 25.23d 22.03h 44.97ef S3N2 20.22d 6.00bc 22.83 113.00d 23.20ef 22.90f 45.54ce S3N3 22.50b 4.60de 24.67 115.00c 22.42fg 24.30b 46.63ef S4N1 19.00e 5.83bc 21.13 126.53b 23.42e 22.09h 44.34f S4N2 21.25c 5.83bc 23.42 126.50b 21.67g 23.20e 46.09cd S4N3 23.47a 4.00e 25.50 133.33a 20.00h 24.60a 45.80cd Level of significance ** ** NS ** ** ** ** CV (%) 7.45 12.26 5.54 6.73 11.29 3.43 4.03 Note: NS= Not Significance In a column, values followed by similar letter(s) did not differ significantly by DMRT at P ≤ 5 S1 = 20 cm x 10 cm, S2 = 20 cm x 15 cm, S3 = 20 cm x 20 cm, S4 = 20 cm x 25 cm N1 = 1 seedling, N2 = 2 seedlings, and N3 = 3 seedling 24 Ninad et al. Fig. 1. Effect of spacing on the grain and straw yield (t ha Aus rice Fig. 3. Effect of interaction between spacing and number of seedling hill Effect of spacing on the grain and straw yield (t ha-1) of Fig. 2. Effect of number of seedling hill-1 on the grain yield (t ha-1) of Aus rice Effect of interaction between spacing and number of seedling hill-1 on the grain and straw yield (t ha-1) of Aus on the grain and straw Aus rice 25 Effect of Spacing and Seedling Per Hill on the Performance ConclusionConclusionConclusionConclusion Based on the present study it may be concluded that the Aus rice var. BRRI dhan48 grown under 20 cm × 10 cm spacing with 4 seedlings hill-1 could obtained optimum grain yield. However, these findings need to be further investigated and evaluated on different agro- ecological zone before final recommendation to the farmers. ReferencesReferencesReferencesReferences Abbas, M., M. P. Singh, K. B. Nigam and V. S. Kandalkar. 1994. Effect of phosphorus and hill density on yield and yield attributing characters of rice. Indian J. Agron. 39(2): 249-251. Baloch, A. W., A. M. Soomro, M. A. Javed and M. Ahmed. 2002. Optimum plant density for high yield in rice. Asian J. Plant Sci. 1: 25-27. BBS (Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics). 2001. Statistical Yearbook of Bangladesh, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. Stat. Div. Minis. Plann., Govt. People's Rep. Bangladesh. Dhaka. P. 138. BBS (Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics). 2015. Estimates of Boro Rice (Husked), 2014-15. Pp. 1-6. BINA ((Bangladesh Institutye of Nuclear Agriculture) 1987. Annual Report, 1986-87. Bangladesh Inst. Nucl. Agric. P.O. Box No. 4. Mymensingh. P. 165. BINA (Bangladesh Institutye of Nuclear Agriculture) 1993. Annual Report, 1992-93. Bangladesh Inst. Nucl. Agric. P.O. Box No. 4. Mymensingh. Pp. 143-147. Chowdhury, M. J. U., A. U. Sarker, M. A. R. Sarkar and M. A. Kashem. 1993. Effect of variety and number of seedlings hill-1 on the yield and its components of late transplant Aman rice. Bangladesh J. Agril. Sci. 20(2): 311-316. FAO (Food and Agricultural Organization). 2005. FAO production year Book. Food and Agricultural organization, Rome. 59: 54. Ghosh, B. C., M. D. Reddy and B. B. Reddy. 1988. Effect of seedling density on growth and yield of transplanted rice in an intermediate deep water situation. Thai J. Agril. Sci. 21(10): 13- 21. Gomez K. A. and A. A. Gomez. 1984. Statistical Procedures for Agricultural Research. A Wiley Int. Sci. Pub. John Wiley and Sons, New York, Brisbane, Singapore. P.139 Islam, M. R., M. A. Salam, M. A. Harman and M. A. R. Sarkar 2002. Effect of hill density and number of seedlings hill-1 on the yield and yield components of fine rice cv. Kalizira. Bangladesh J. Agril. Sci. 29(2): 325-328. Kang, Y. K., H. T. Kim, N. K. Cho and Y. C. Kim. 2001. Effect of planting date and plant density on yield and quality of rice in Jeju. Korean J. Crop Sci. 46: 95-99. Karmakar, B., M. A. R. Sarkar, M. R. Uddin and M. Biswas. 2002. Effect of row arrangements, number of seedlings hill-1 and nitrogen rates on yield and yield components of late transplant aman rice. Bangladesh. J. Agri1. Sci. 29(2): 275-281. Miah, M. H. N., M. A. Karim, M. S. Rahman and M. S. Islam. 1990. Performance of Nizersail mutants under different row spacings. Bangladesh J. Train. Dev. 3(2): 31-34. 26 Ninad et al. Neelam, K. C. and C. Nisha. 2000. Effect of row spacing and nitrogen level on growth, yield and seed quality of scented rice under transplanted condition. Indian J. Agron. 45: 45: 304- 306. Obulamma, U., R. Reddepa and R. Reddy. 2002. Effect of spacing and seedling number on growth and yield of hybrid rice. J. Res. Angrau. 30(1):76-78. Sarker, G., M. Rahman, R. Hasan and S. C. Roy. 2002. System of rice intensification: Yield and economic potential in Boro rice at different locations of Bangladesh. LIFE-NOPEST project, CARE-Bangladesh. P. 1-5. Shah, M. H., M. K. Khushu, B. A. Khanday, and A. S. Bali. 1991. Effect of spacing and seedlings per hill on transplanted rice under late sown condition. Indian J. Agron. 36(2): 274-275. Shrirame, M. D., H. J. Rajgire and A. H. Rajgire. 2000. Effect of spacing and seedling number hill- 1on growth attributes and yield of rice hybrids under lowland condition. J. Soils Crops. 10(1):109-113.