Bangladesh Agron. J. 2019, 22 (1): 71-78 FERTILIZER RECOMMENDATION FOR FOUR CROP BASED CROPPING PATTERN: POTATO- BORO- T. AUS-T. AMAN UNDER AEZ – 11 A. Barman1*, S. Shome2, M.J. Alam3, S. Akhter1 and M.A. Hossain1 1Soil Science Division, BARI, Gazipur, Bangladesh 2Department of Agronomy, SAU, Dhaka, Bangladesh 3RARS, BARI, Jashore, Bangladesh *Corresponding E-mail: alakbarman.sau@gmail.com (Received: 19 May 2019, Accepted: 30 August 2019) Keywords: Cropping pattern, fertilizer, rice equivalent yield Abstract A field experiment on Potato-Boro-T. Aus-T. Aman cropping pattern was conducted in the High Ganges Floodplain Soil of Jashore (AEZ - 11) during 2014-2015 and 2015-2016 to find out optimum fertilizer management for intensive cropping pattern, in relation to soil health.There were eight different treatments viz. T1=100% NPKSZnB (STB= Soil Test Based), T2=T1 + 25% N, T3=T1 + 25% NP, T4=T1 + 25% NK, T5=T1 + 25% PK, T6=T1 + 25% NPK, T7=75% of T1, and T8=Native fertility (control) as individual crop management. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. Results revealed that the tuber yield of potato, grain yields of boro, T. Aus and T. Aman were significantly influenced by the fertilizer treatments. The maximum tuber yield (25.70 and 24.80 t ha-1), grain yields of boro (6.50 and 6.31 t ha-1), T. Aus (3.13 and 3.10 t ha-1) and T. Aman (3.95 and 3.98 t ha-1) was obtained from the T6 treatment where 25% additional NPK was added with 100% STB in both the year. These yields were statistically similar with that produced by all other fertilizer treatments except the native fertility treatment. Highest rice equivalent yield (REY) of 12.63 t ha-1 was obtained from T6 treatment whereas lowest REY of 5.93 t ha-1 was obtained from control. Introduction Feeding the enormous population of Bangladesh is a great challenge for the farmers and agricultural scientists. At present the total cultivable land of Bangladesh is 8.5 million hectare which is decreasing gradually because cultivable land is used as non-agriculture (BBS, 2012). The present cropping intensity is 190% and that can be increased up to some extent by improving the present cropping pattern, incorporating short duration crops and through management of cultivation practices (ORC, 2013). Most of the major cropping patterns practiced around the country are comprised of two to three crops a year. Recently four crop based cropping pattern has been introduced in many AEZs. But intensive land use without appropriate soil management has caused depletion of soil fertility in Bangladesh. The present system of fertilizer application is mostly based on the nutrient requirement of individual crops ignoring the carry- over effect of the organic or inorganic fertilizers applied to the preceding crop. For maintaining soil quality and attainable crop yields for such intensive cropping pattern, proper fertilizer management is required. Considering the above facts, the present study was undertaken to find out judicious fertilizer recommendation for Potato- Boro-T. Aus- T. Aman cropping pattern for AEZ-11. 72 Barman et al. Materials and Methods The field experiment was conducted at the central farm of RARS Jashore (AEZ - 11) during 2014-2015 and 2015-2016. The initial soil samples, collected before establishing the experiment from a depth of 0-15 cm were analyzed in the laboratory following standard methods. Initial values of some important soil chemical parameters of the experimental soil are presented in Table 1. Table 1. Chemical properties of experimental soil (initial) at RARS Jashore pH OM (%) Ca Mg K Total N % P S B Cu Fe Mn Zn meq100 g-1 soil g g-1 7.7 0.92 7.8 3.4 0.18 0.048 15 13 0.14 3 29 5 1.8 Critical level 2.0 0.5 0.12 0.12 10 10 0.2 0.2 4 1 0.6 The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Eight different treatments viz. T1=100% STB, T2 = T1+ 25% N, T3 = T1+ 25% NP, T4=T1+ 25% NK, T5=T1+ 25% PK, T6=T1+ 25% NPK, T7=75% of T1, T8 = Native fertility was selected for different plots randomly as individual crop management. The unit plot size was 2.5m  3.0m. Potato (var. Diamant) was used as test crop for the first component of the pattern. Potato seeds were a spacing of 60 x 25 cm on November 11, 2014 and November 10, 2015. Fertilizer N-P-K-S-Zn and B were supplied from urea, TSP, MP, Gypsum, Zinc sulphate and Boric acid respectively. All P K S Zn B and 1/2 of N were applied at the time of final land preparation. The remaining half of N was applied as top dress at 30–35 days after sowing. Two irrigations and other intercultural operations were done as and when required. The potato was harvested on January 29, 2015 and January 30, 2016. Data on yield and yield contributing characters of potato were recorded and statistically analyzed. After potato, Boro rice var. BRRI dhan28 was transplanted on February 3, 2015 and February 2, 2016 maintaining 20 x 15 cm spacing. All fertilizers including 1/3rd of N were applied before transplanting. Rest of N was applied in two installments at 15 and 45 days after transplanting. Boro rice was harvested on 12 May, 2015 and 14 May, 2016. For T. Aus rice, var. BRRI dhan48 was used transplanting was done on 15 May 2015 and 17 may 2016 maintaining 20 x 15 cm plant spacing. All fertilizers including 1/3rd of N were applied before transplanting. Rest of N was applied in two installments at 15 and 45 days after transplanting. T. Aus rice was harvested on 25 July, 2015 and 26 July, 2016. For T. Aman rice, the variety Binadhan-7 was transplanted on 29 July 2015 and 30 July 2016 maintaining 20 x 15 cm plant spacing. T. Aman rice was harvested on November 5, 2015 and November 7, 2016. Predetermined plant parameters data were taken as per experimental design. Statistix 10 was used to determine the significant differences between the treatments. Rice equivalent yield (REY) using formula given by Ahlawal & Sharma (1993), Where, Rice equivalent yield (t ha-1yr-1) = Yield of Each Crop (t ha-1) x Economic value of Respective crop Tk. ha-1 Crop market price of rice Fertilizer Recommendation for Four Crop 77 Results and Discussion Potato Yield and yield contributing characters of potato as influenced by the fertilizer (Tables 2a and 2b) for two years. Fertilizer treatments significantly influenced plant height, tubers plant-1, tuber wt. plant-1, tuber yield (t ha-1) of potato. The highest plant height (66.40 and 65.87 cm), tubers plant-1 (11.26 and 11.06), tuber weight plant-1 (0.58 kg and 0.56 kg) was recorded from the treatment T6 where 25% extra NPK was added with 100% STB fertilizer rate in two consecutive years. The lowest plant height (38.60 and 39.24 cm), tubers plant-1 (6.40 and 6.12) and tuber weight plant-1 (0.24 and 0.23 kg) was obtained from control followed by extra 75% of 100% STB. The highest tuber yield of potato (25.70 t ha-1 and 24.80 t ha-1) was produced from the treatment T6 which out yielded all other treatments. The control treatment produced the lowest tuber yield (10.75 t ha-1and 12.95 t ha-1) of potato. Saha et al. (2016) recorded higher tuber yield of potato from 20% more than the STB dose in potato-maize- T. Aman cropping pattern at AEZ-3. Ali et al. (2009) documented lowest number of tubers plant-1, tuber wt. plant-1 and tuber yield from control treatment in potato-boro- T. Aman cropping pattern and Mollah et al. (2011) had lowest yield from control treatment in potato-mungbean-T. Aman rice cropping pattern. Chowdhury et al. (2017) reported 64.3% higher tuber yield of potato in four crop cropping pattern over three crop based cropping pattern. Table 2a. Plant height, yield and yield contributing characters of potato as influenced by fertilizer management at Jashore during 2014-2015 T1: 100% STB (N157 P16 K35 S7.2 Zn0.71 B0.85 Kg/ha), T2: T1 + 25% N, T3: T1 + 25% NP, T4: T1 + 25% NK, T5: T1 + 25% PK, T6: T1 + 25% NPK, T7: 75% of T1, T8: native fertility (control). Table 2b. Plant height yield and yield contributing characters of potato as influenced by fertilizer management at Jashore during 2015-2016 Treatments Plant height (cm) Tubers plant-1 (no) Tuber wt. plant-1 (kg) Tuber yield (t ha-1) T1 61.92 de 8.30 bc 0.38 de 16.97 cd T2 62.35 cd 9.10 bc 0.45 bc 20.92 b T3 65.12 ab 9.54 b 0.47 b 21.89 b T4 63.33bc 9.19bc 0.45bc 20.84 b T5 62.54 cd 8.42bc 0.40 cd 17.86 c T6 65.87 a 11.06 a 0.56 a 24.80 a T7 59.83 e 7.14 cd 0.35 e 15.92 d T8 39.24 f 6.12d 0.23 f 12.95 e CV (%) 7.79 9.63 5.98 6.22 T1: 100% STB (N157 P16 K35 S7.2 Zn0.71 B0.85 Kg/ha), T2: T1 + 25% N, T3: T1 + 25% NP, T4: T1 + 25% NK, T5: T1 + 25% PK, T6: T1 + 25% NPK, T7: 75% of T1, T8: native fertility (control). Treatments Plant height (cm) Tubers plant-1 (no) Tuber wt. plant-1 (kg) Tuber yield (t ha-1) T1 62.13 de 8.00 bc 0.40 de 17.89 cd T2 63.86 cd 9.00 bc 0.48 bc 21.27 b T3 66.06 ab 9.46 b 0.50 b 22.78 b T4 64.20 bc 9.13 bc 0.48 bc 21.72 b T5 63.40 cd 8.66 bc 0.44 cd 18.58 c T6 66.40 a 11.26 a 0.58 a 25.70 a T7 60.93 e 7.86 cd 0.37 e 16.00 d T8 38.60 f 6.40 d 0.24 f 10.75 e CV (%) 6.86 9.75 6.41 5.94 72 Barman et al. Boro The second component of the cropping pattern was Boro rice. Plant height, yield and yield components of Boro rice have been presented in Tables 3a and 3b. Most of the studied parameters of Boro rice were significantly influenced by fertilizer treatments. In 2015, the maximum plant height (96.21 cm) was obtained from T5 treatment which is statistically at par with T2, T3, T4 and T6. In 2016, the maximum plant (96.02 cm) was recorded from T6 treatment which is statistically at par with T2, T3, T4 and T5. Tillers hill -1, panicles hill-1, panicle length and straw yields were significantly higher over control treatment. Table 3a. Plant height, yield and yield contributing characters of Boro rice as influenced by fertilizer management during 2015 Treatments Plant height (cm) No. of tiller No. of panicle Panicle length (cm) 1000- grain wt.(g) Straw yield Grain yield hill-1 (t ha-1) T1 87.12c 19.92a 19.23a 19.60a 22.50 6.35a 5.50ab T2 91.01ab 19.81a 19.01a 19.61a 23.31 6.23a 5.61ab T3 92.10ab 20.02a 19.12a 19.91a 22.03 6.24a 6.26 a T4 95.11a 19.91a 19.21a 19.92a 21.50 6.43a 5.82ab T5 96.21a 20.22a 19.32a 19.60a 21.90 6.12a 5.80ab T6 94.24a 20.12a 19.62a 19.81a 23.31 6.15a 6.50 a T7 88.04bc 20.02a 19.22a 19.31a 21.21 5.78a 5.24ab T8 78.18d 15.11b 14.42b 16.50b 20.91 4.34b 4.36 b CV (%) 3.68 2.98 2.86 2.11 4.25 9.94 10.43 T1: 100% STB (N186 P30 K23 S30 Kg/ha), T2: T1 + 25% N, T3: T1 + 25% NP, T4: T1 + 25% NK, T5: T1 + 25% PK, T6: T1 + 25% NPK, T7: 75% of T1, T8: control or native fertility. Table 3b. Plant height, yield and yield contributing characters of Boro rice as influenced by fertilizer management during 2016 T1: 100% STB (N186 P30 K23 S30 Kg/ha), T2: T1 + 25% N, T3: T1 + 25% NP, T4: T1 + 25% NK, T5: T1 + 25% PK, T6: T1 + 25% NPK, T7: 75% of T1, T8: control or native fertility. T. Aus T. Aus rice was transplanted as the third crop of the pattern. The variety used for T. Aus rice was BRRI dhan48, a short duration variety. Most of the yield Treatments Plant height (cm) No. of tiller No. of panicle Panicle length (cm) 1000- grain wt.(g) Straw yield Grain yield hill-1 (t ha-1) T1 86.04c 19.85a 19.15a 19.50a 22.41 6.20a 5.40ab T2 89.78ab 19.73a 19.02a 19.51a 23.23 6.13a 5.56ab T3 90.98ab 20.00a 19.06a 19.80a 22.02 6.22a 6.31 a T4 94.02a 19.84a 19.10a 19.83a 21.40 6.40a 5.72ab T5 95.05a 20.18a 19.23a 19.55a 21.80 6.01a 5.70ab T6 96.02a 20.13a 19.52a 19.70a 23.24 6.03a 6.31 a T7 87.08bc 20.02a 19.11a 19.24a 21.13 5.71a 5.15ab T8 77.06d 15.04b 14.55b 16.41b 20.80 4.36b 4.32b CV (%) 5.34 3.48 3.12 2.12 5.18 9.72 9.16 Fertilizer Recommendation for Four Crop 77 contributing characters and grain yield was significantly influenced by fertilizer treatments. The maximum plant height (94.55 and 93.53 cm) was recorded from the treatment T5 which was statistically identical to T4, T6, T2 and T3. The lowest plant height (76.54 and 75.53 cm) was obtained from the control. There is no significant variation among the treatments except native fertility treatment in case of number of tillers hill-1, number of panicle hill-1, panicle length and straw yield. The highest grain yield of T. Aus rice (3.13 t ha-1 and 6.10 t ha-1) was produced by the treatment T6 where 25% additional NPK was added with the 100% STB rates (Tables 4a and 4b). The control treatment produced the lowest rice yield. The native fertility treatment produced the lowest grain yield (1.92 t ha-1 and 1.84 t ha-1) of T. Aus rice. The maximum grain yield (6.26 t ha-1 in 2015 and 6.31 t ha-1 in 2016) was obtained from T6 which followed by other fertilizer variables but significantly different from control (4.36 t ha-1 and 4.32 t ha-1). This result was in agreement with Hasan et al. (2017) who opined that an increase of N, P and K fertilizer doses from STB recommended doses significantly increased yield and yield contributing parameters of rice (Chaudhary et al., 2011); Yoseftabar, 2012). Table 4a. Plant height, yield and yield contributing characters of T. Aus rice during 2015 Treatments Plant height (cm) No. of tiller No. of panicle Panicle length (cm) 1000- grain wt.(g) Straw yield Grain yield hill-1 (t ha-1) T1 81.26c 16.71a 16.21a 16.62a 19.51 4.42a 2.83ab T2 90.58ab 16.72a 16.02a 16.63a 19.33 4.21a 2.82ab T3 90.35ab 17.01a 16.11a 16.92a 19.01 4.01a 2.82ab T4 93.45a 16.72a 16.22a 16.91a 19.52 4.62a 2.83ab T5 94.55a 17.23a 16.31a 16.62a 19.92 4.01a 2.92ab T6 92.98a 17.11a 16.62a 16.81a 19.31 4.02a 3.13 a T7 86.32bc 17.02a 16.21a 16.32a 19.43 3.81a 2.11b T8 76.54d 15.13b 14.42b 14.51b 19.92 2.41b 1.92 b CV (%) 3.56 3.56 4.12 2.27 4.13 9.68 9.45 T1: 100% STB (N190 P15 K2.17 S23 Kg/ha), T2: T1 + 25% N, T3: T1 + 25% NP, T4: T1 + 25% NK, T5: T1 + 25% PK, T6: T1 + 25% NPK, T7: 75% of T1, T8: control or native fertility. Table 4b. Plant height, yield and yield contributing characters of T. Aus rice during 2016 Treatments Plant height (cm) No. of tiller No. of panicle Panicle length (cm) 1000- grain wt.(g) Straw yield Grain yield hill-1 (t ha-1) T1 81.22c 15.51a 15.11a 15.63a 19.45 4.33a 2.74ab T2 89.34ab 15.62a 15.12a 15.60a 19.34 4.13a 2.73ab T3 89.30ab 16.11a 15.02a 15.92a 19.25 4.04a 2.72ab T4 92.44a 15.81a 15.14a 15.91a 19.44 4.44a 2.74ab T5 93.53a 16.31a 15.23a 15.62a 19.55 4.03a 2.83ab T6 91.92a 16.23a 15.41a 15.81a 19.34 4.02a 3.10 a T7 85.34bc 16.01a 15.15a 15.32a 19.34 3.74a 2.22b T8 75.53d 14.02b 13.81b 13.51b 19.35 2.43b 1.84b CV (%) 4.15 3.27 3.15 3.14 4.97 9.32 9.23 T1: 100% STB (N190 P15 K2.17 S23 Kg/ha), T2: T1 + 25% N, T3: T1 + 25% NP, T4: T1 + 25% NK, T5: T1 + 25% PK, T6: T1 + 25% NPK, T7: 75% of T1, T8: control or native fertility. 72 Barman et al. T. Aman The fourth component of the cropping pattern was T. Aman rice. The yield contributing characters and grain yield of T. Aman rice are presented in Tables 5a and 5b. Most of the yield contributing characters and straw and grain yield of T. Aman rice was significantly influenced by fertilizer treatments. High plant height (97.68 and 97.58 cm) was recorded from the treatment T6 where 25% extra NPK was added over the 100% STB fertilizer rate which was statistically identical with T5 followed by T1, T2, T3 and T4. The lowest plant height (71.58 and 71.48 cm) was obtained from the control. The maximum number of tiller hill-1 (17.32 and 16.16) was obtained from T6 treatment which was statistically identical with rest of the treatment except T8 which produced lowest number of tillers hill-1 (9.92 and 9.66) in two years). There is no significant variation among the treatments in case of panicle length and 1000- grain weight. The highest grain yield (3.95 t ha-1 and 3.98 t ha-1) was obtained from the treatment T6 where 25% extra NPK was applied where control treatment produced the lowest grain yield (2.12 t ha-1 and 2.17 t ha-1). Ali et al. (2009) reported the highest grain yield from soil test value for HYG and lowest from control treatment. Saha et al. (2016) also documented higher yield from 20% more than the STB dose in potato-maize-T. Aman cropping pattern of AEZ-3. Table 5a. Plant height, yield and yield contributing characters of T. Aman rice in 2015 T1: 100% STB (N159 P30 K7 S24 Kg/ha), T2: T1 + 25% N, T3: T1 + 25% NP, T4: T1 + 25% NK, T5: T1 + 25% PK, T6: T1 + 25% NPK, T7: 75% of T1, T8: control or native fertility. Table 5b. Plant height, yield and yield contributing characters of T. Aman rice in 2016 Treatments Plant height (cm) No. of tiller No. of panicle Panicle length (cm) 1000- grain wt.(g) Straw yield Grain yield hill-1 (t ha-1) T1 95.38ab 15.91a 15.22b 18.22 21.02 5.61ab 3.51a T2 95.90ab 17.02a 16.31ab 18.31 21.61 5.12abc 3.53a T3 96.42ab 17.12a 16.52ab 18.12 21.01 5.32abc 3.62a T4 96.59ab 16.91a 16.31ab 18.21 21.82 4.83bc 3.52a T5 97.66a 17.12a 16.42ab 18.42 21.91 5.83ab 3.44a T6 97.68a 17.32a 16.82a 18.21 21.12 5.92a 3.95a T7 93.76b 16.01a 15.41ab 18.31 21.22 4.32bc 3.21a T8 71.58c 9.92b 9.22c 18.02 21.32 3.91c 2.12b CV (%) 3.14 4.86 4.76 4.97 3.76 10.80 3.98 Treatments Plant height (cm) No. of tiller No. of panicle Panicle length (cm) 1000 grain wt.(g) Straw yield Grain yield hill-1 (t ha-1) T1 95.50ab 15.81a 15.17b 18.40 21.05 5.17ab 3.58a T2 95.53ab 16.82a 16.28ab 18.01 21.54 5.08abc 3.58a T3 96.52ab 16.73a 16.45ab 18.90 21.26 5.08abc 3.65a T4 96.41ab 15.94a 15.58ab 18.60 21.14 4.87bc 3.47a T5 97.56a 16.01a 15.86ab 18.32 21.56 5.78ab 3.55a T6 97.58a 16.16a 16.15a 18.11 21.55 5.87a 3.98a T7 93.63b 15.73a 15.17ab 18.72 21.34 4.58bc 3.28a T8 71.48c 9.66b 9.03c 18.51 21.26 3.87c 2.17b CV (%) 3.78 5.34 4.98 5.92 3.56 9.87 7.58 Fertilizer Recommendation for Four Crop 77 T1: 100% STB (N159 P30 K7 S24 Kg/ha), T2: T1 + 25% N, T3: T1 + 25% NP, T4: T1 + 25% NK, T5: T1 + 25% PK, T6: T1 + 25% NPK, T7: 75% of T1, T8: control or native fertility. Rice equivalent yield To compare among the treatments, potato yield was converted into rice equivalent yield on the basis of prevailing market price of individual crop. The highest rice equivalent yield was recorded from T6 treatment due to the highest yield of potato, boro rice, T. Aus rice and T. Aman rice. Treatment T8 showed lower rice equivalent yield due to lower yield of all the four crops (Table 6). Ali et al. (2009) also documented significant difference in rice system yield due to different fertilizer doses. Table 6. Rice equivalent yield of Potato-Boro-T. Aus-T. Aman cropping pattern Treatments Yield of crops in the pattern (t ha-1) Rice equivalent yield (t ha-1) Potato Boro T. Aus T. Aman Potato T1 17.43 5.45 2.79 3.55 8.72 T2 21.10 5.59 2.78 3.56 10.55 T3 22.34 6.41 2.77 3.64 11.17 T4 21.28 5.77 2.79 3.50 10.64 T5 18.22 5.75 2.88 3.49 9.11 T6 25.25 6.29 3.12 3.97 12.63 T7 15.96 5.20 2.17 3.25 7.98 T8 11.85 4.34 1.88 2.15 5.93 Price: 1 kg potato = Tk. 10, 1 kg rice = Tk. 20 T1: 100% STB, T2: T1 + 25% N, T3: T1 + 25% NP, T4: T1 + 25% NK, T5: T1 + 25% PK, T6: T1 + 25% NPK, T7: 75% of T1, T8: control treatment or native fertility. Conclusion From consecutive two years study of four cropping pattern, it could be concluded that STB + 25% extra NPK performed better on the whole pattern basis than all other fertilizer levels and this fertilizer package could be used for Potato- Boro-T. Aus-T. Aman cropping pattern under Jashore region (AEZ-11). References Ahalwat, I.P.S. and Sharma, R.P. 1993. Agron mid Terminology. 3rd edition, New Delhi, Indian Soc. Agron. Ali, M.R., D.J. Costa, M.A. Sayed, M.A.H. Khanand and J.A. Abedin. 2009. 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