Microsoft Word - BAJ 362C__Press Bangladesh Agron. J. 2020, 23(1): 101-106 EFFECT OF WEEDING AND HERBICIDE MANAGEMENT ON FIBRE YIELD AND YIELD ATTRIBUTES OF TOSSA JUTE J. Ferdous, M.S. Hossain, M.A. Alim and M.M. Islam1 Agronomy Division and 1Planning, Training and Communication Division, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Dhaka, Bangladesh Corresponding E-mail: tanny.jannat92@gmail.com (Received: 20 February 2020, Accepted: 18 August, 2020) Keywords: Jute yield, Whip Super 9 EC, Sunrice ® 150WG, weeding Abstract The experiment was conducted at Jute Agriculture Experimental Station (JAES), Manikganj and Jute Research Regional Station, Faridpur during 2019 to find out the effect of weeding and herbicide management on fibre yield and yield attributes of Tossa jute (Var. O-9897) cultivation. Two herbicide treatments, such as; W1 = Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (Whip Super 9 EC) and W2 = Ethoxysulfuron (Sunrice ® 150WG) were tested. There were 14 treatments. T1- T6 treatments did not include hand weeding which was done 20 days after the herbicide spray [T1 = 100% recommended doses (RD) of both W1and W2 where W2 was sprayed one day after that of W1, T 2 = 50% dose both of W1and W2where W2was sprayed one day after that of W1, T3 = 100% dose of both W1 and W2 where both of the herbicide mixed together and sprayed on the same day, T4 = 50% dose of both W1 and W2 where mixture of both were sprayed on the same day, T5 = only 100% dose of W1, T6 = only 100% dose of W2]. The treatments T7 - T12 included one had weeding following the application of herbicides [T7 = 100% dose both of W1 and W2 where W2 was sprayed 1 day after that of W1, T8 = 50% dose both of W1 and W2 where W2 was sprayed 1 day after of W1, T9 = 100% dose both of W1 and W2 were mixed and sprayed together on the same day, T10 = 50% dose both of W1 and W2 mixed together and sprayed same day, T11 = only 100% dose of W1, T12 = only 100% dose of W2]. The treatments T13 and T14 did not include herbicide application [T13 = Two hand weeding (20-25 and 45-50 DAS) and T14 = control with no herbicide application]. The experiment was laid out in RCBD with three replications. Results revealed that Khudesama (Echinochloa colonum) and Angulighash (Digitaria sanguinalis), Khudesama and Mutha (Cyperus rotundus) were best controlled by herbicide application. T3 gave highest fibre yield of 1.89 tha -1 when W1 and W2 sprayed at the same day with 100% RD. In case of one weeding 20 days after spray fibre yield and stick yield were differed significantly as compared to those of control at Manikganj. Treatment T7 gave highest fibre yield (3.11 t ha -1) when W2 sprayed after 1 day of W1 with 100% RD. At Faridpur, T3 gave the highest fibre yield (2.68 t ha-1) when W1 and W2 sprayed at the same day with 100% RD. Incase of one weeding 20 days after spray, T7 gave highest fiber yield (2.79 t ha -1) when W2 was sprayed 1 day after that of W1 with 100% RD. Introduction Jute is an upland crop grown in summer season in Bangladesh. It is the most important fibre crop as well as one of the cash crops of the country. Weed is one of the most important pests in 102 Ferdous et al. jute which deteriorate the yield and quality of fibre to a considerable extent. Weeds affect light interception and passing of wind and affect photosynthesis in jute plant and ultimately crop will receive stunted growth. In consequence, yield of crop is reduced (Islam and Rahman, 2008); Kundu, 1958). The hot and humid environment of summer is highly favorable for weed germination and weed growth. As a result, weeding and thinning operations involve about 40% or more of the labour cost investment in jute cultivation. In Bangladesh, weeds are generally controlled by raking and nirani (hand weeding). In Bangladesh, weeds are generally controlled by raking and nirani (hand weeding) and weeding and thinning operations involve about 50% or more of the labour cost (Alam, 2003). An effective weed management practice is necessary for higher crop production and better economic return (Gaffer et al., 1988). Herbicide has effectiveness in terms of weed control in jute field. Different factors affect weed infestation in a field, among them water, light and mineral nutrients (Talukder, 1978). Therefore, a routine weedicide field trial experiment was undertaken in two different AEZ for Jute fibre production. Materials and Methods The experiment was conducted at Jute Agriculture Experimental Station (JAES), Jute Research Manikganj and Jute Research Regional Station, Faridpur in 2019 to find out the effect of weeding and herbicide management on fibre yield and yield attributes of Tossa jute cultivation. The experiment was laid out in RCBD with three replications. Unit plot size was 4.0m x 2.5m. Space between plot to plot and around the field was 1.0 m and between replications 1.5 m. Tossa jute varieties O-9897 was used as the study material. Two different herbicide treatments, such as; W1 = Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (Whip Super 9 EC); W2 = Ethoxysulfuron (Sunrice®150WG) were tested. There were 14 treatments. T1 - T6 treatments did not include hand weeding which was done 20 days after the herbicide spray [T1 = 100% doses of both W1 and W2 where W2 was sprayed one day after that of W1, T2 = 50% dose both of W1 and W2 where W2 was sprayed one day after that of W1, T3 = 100% dose of both W1 and W2 where both of the herbicide mixed together and sprayed on the same day, T4 = 50% dose of both W1 and W2 where mixture of both were sprayed on the same day, T5 = only 100% dose of W1, T6 = only 100% dose of W2]. The treatments T7 - T12 included one had weeding following the application of herbicides [T7 = 100% dose both of W1 and W2 where W2 was sprayed 1 day after that of W1, T8 = 50% dose both of W1 and W2 whereW2 was sprayed 1 day after of W1, T9 = 100% dose both of W1 and W2 were mixed and sprayed together on the same day, T10 = 50% dose both of W1 and W2 mixed together and sprayed same day, T11 = only 100% dose of W1, T12 = only 100% dose of W2]. The treatments T13 and T14 did not include herbicide application [T13= Two hand weeding (20 - 25 and 45 - 50 DAS) and T14 = control with no herbicide application]. Crops were sown on last week of March to first week of April and harvested 120 days after sowing. Results and Discussion Manikganj Results revealed that all the weedicide of different dose significantly controlled the weeds. The parameters like plant population, base diameter and plant height differed significantly due to weeding and herbicide application at Manikganj (Table 1). Plant population and plant height both were significantly increased at different treatments with weedicide spray than control plot. Fibre yield and stick yield were differed significantly with control but in case of only weedicide spray without weeding at Faridpur (Fig. 1). Effect of Weeding and Herbicide Management on Tossa Jute 103 Treatment T3 (2.06 tha -1) gave maximum fibre yield when W1 and W2 sprayed at the same day with 100% RD followed by T4 (2.06 t ha -1) when W1 and W2 sprayed at the same day with 50% RD. In case of one weeding 20 days after spray, fibre yield and stick yield were differed significantly than control at Manikganj (Fig. 1). Treatment T7 (3.11 t ha -1) gave maximum yield when W2 sprayed after 1 day of W1 with 100% RD followed by T10 (2.81 t ha -1) when mixture sprayed same day of W1 with 50% RD. The lowest result was found at control (1.44 t ha -1). The results were in agreement with Sadiq et al. (2002); Salkin and Nagaari (1983); Rafique (1980) and Ross and Lembi (1985). Table1. Effect of weeding and herbicide management on growth parameters of Tossa jute at Manikganj Treatments PP (m-2) PH (m) BD (mm) T1 W1+W2 100% of RD W2 was sprayed 1 day after of W1 35.15 2.57 14.85 T2 W1+W2 50% of RD W2 was sprayed 1 day after of W1 34.79 2.52 13.97 T3 W1+W2 100% of RD Mixture was sprayed same day of W1 36.03 2.65 15.11 T4 W1+W2 50% of RD Mixture was sprayed same day of W1 33.63 2.53 14.32 T5 W1 100% of RD W1 was sprayed as per method 33.62 2.55 14.62 T6 W2 100% of RD W2 was sprayed as per method 34.43 2.35 14.74 T7 W1+W2 100% of RD W2 was sprayed 1 day after of W1 40.40 2.93 15.73 T8 W1+W2 50% of RD W2 was sprayed 1 day after of W1 36.87 2.71 14.77 T9 W1+W2 100% of RD Mixture was sprayed same day of W1 39.52 2.75 14.19 T10 W1+W2 50% of RD Mixture was sprayed same day of W1 36.38 2.78 15.38 T11 W1 100% of RD W1 was sprayed as per method 35.16 2.62 15.34 T12 W2 100% of RD W2 was sprayed as per method 35.04 2.48 14.59 T13 Normal weed management 2 weeding (20-25 & 45- 50 DAS) 37.78 2.89 15.59 T14 Control (No weeding & spraying) 28.50 2.08 11.41 LSD(0.05) 2.39 0.30 2.71 CV (%) 2.55 3.81 6.18 NS = Not-significant, PP = Plant population, PH = Plant height, BD = Base diameter, W1 = Fenoxaprop- p-ethyl (Whip Super 9 EC); W2 = Ethoxysulfuron (Sunrice 150WG); RD = Recommended dose Faridpur Results showed that all the weedicide of different dose significantly controlled the weeds. Yields and all the yield contributing parameters like plant population, base diameter and plant height differed significantly due to weeding and herbicide management at Faridpur (Table 2). Plant population and plant height both were significantly increased at different treatments with 104 Ferdous et al. weedicides spray when compared with control plots. Fibre yield and stick yield were differed significantly than in comparison to those of control but only under weedicide spray without weeding at Faridpur (Fig. 2). Treatment T3 (2.68 t ha -1) gave the maximum fibre yield when W1 and W2 were sprayed at the same day using 100% RD which followed by T5 (2.52 t ha -1) when only W1 was sprayed using 100% RD. One weeding 20 days after spray, the fibre yield and stick yield were differed significantly compared to those of control at Faridpur (Fig 2). Fig. 1. Effect of weeding and herbicide management on fibre and stick yield of Tossa jute at Manikganj Table 2. Effect of weeding and herbicide management on growth parameters of Tossa jute at Faridpur Treatments PP (m-2) PH (m) BD (mm) T1 W1+W2 100% of RD W2 will be sprayed 1 day after of W1 34.81 2.34 10.74 T2 W1+W2 50% of RD W2 will be sprayed 1 day after of W1 34.22 2.42 11.18 T3 W1+W2 100% of RD Mixture will be sprayed same day of W1 34.79 2.63 11.85 T4 W1+W2 50% of RD Mixture will be sprayed same day of W1 33.48 2.48 11.14 T5 W1 100% of RD W1 will be sprayed as per method 34.00 2.64 12.60 T6 W2 100% of RD W2 will be sprayed as per method 34.43 2.25 9.82 T7 W1+W2 100% of RD W2 will be sprayed 1 day after of W1 39.53 2.70 13.51 T8 W1+W2 50% of RD W2 will be sprayed 1 day after of W1 36.35 2.55 11.77 T9 W1+W2 100% of RD Mixture will be sprayed same day of W1 36.70 2.29 10.94 T10 W1+W2 50% of RD Mixture will be sprayed same day of W1 38.14 2.61 13.04 T11 W1 100% of RD W1 will be sprayed as per method 34.78 2.43 10.51 T12 W2 100% of RD W2 will be sprayed as per method 34.83 2.56 11.70 T13 Normal weed management 2 weeding (20-25 & 45-50 DAS) 37.61 2.50 11.54 T14 Control (No weeding & spraying) 28.54 2.48 10.65 LSD(0.05) 3.38 NS 2.95 CV (%) 3.19 7.01 8.53 NS = Not-significant, PP = Plant population, PH = Plant height, BD = Base diameter, W1 = Fenoxaprop- p-ethyl (Whip Super 9 EC); W2 = Ethoxysulfuron (Sunrice 150WG); RD = Recommanded Dose Treatment T7 gave highest yield (2.79 t ha -1) when W2 was sprayed one day after that of W1 using 100% RD. The lowest fibre yield was found with control (1.74 t ha-1) which could be due 0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 T7 T8 T9 T10 T11 T12 T13 T14 Y ie ld ( t h a -1 ) Treatments Fibre yield (t/ha) Stick yield (t/ha) Effect of Weeding and Herbicide Management on Tossa Jute 105 to incidence of more weeds in the control plots. Similar results were also reported by Jamil et al. (2000); Ross and Lembi (1985); Sadiq et al. (2002) and Ahmad (1996). Fig. 2. Effect of weeding and herbicide management on fibre yield and Stick yield of tossa jute at Faridpur Conclusion From the above results, it could be concluded that the fibre yield and stick yields differed significantly in comparison with those of control under weedicide spray without weeding both at Manikganj and Faridpur. Treatment T3 gave highest fibre yield of 1.89 tha -1 when W1 and W2 were sprayed at the same day with 100% RD. In case of one weeding 20 days after spray, both the fibre yield and stick yields differed significantly compared to those of control at Manikganj with T7 (3.11 t ha -1) which gave the highest yield when W2was sprayed after one day of W1using 100% RD. At Faridpur T3 gave the highest fibre yield (2.68 t ha -1) when W1 and W2were sprayed at the same day using 100% RD. In case of one weeding 20 days after spray, T7 also gave the highest yield (2.79 t ha -1) when W2 was sprayed one day after that of W1 using 100% RD. References Ahmad, S.S., A. Abid, Z.A. Cheema and A. Tanveer. 1996. Study of various chemical weed control practice in lentil. J. Agric. Res. 34: 127-134. Alam, A.T.M.M. 2003. Present status and future strategies of weed management in jute field. Jute and Jute Fabrics, Bangladesh. Newsletter of Bangladesh Jute Res. Inst. January-March.pp.4- 6. Gaffer, M.A., T.M.T. Iqbal and M.S. Alam.1988.Weed and Seed (in Bengali). Published by T. M. Jubair Bin Iqbal, Village- Monipotal, P.O. 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