id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
bjmsr-2511	1	1	bangladesh	bangladesh	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	1	2	journal	journal	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	1	3	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	1	4	multidisciplinary	multidisciplinary	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	1	5	scientific	scientific	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	1	6	research	research	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	1	7	10(5	10(5	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	1	8	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	1	9	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	1	10	2025	2025	NUM
bjmsr-2511	1	11	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	1	12	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	1	13	12	12	NUM
bjmsr-2511	1	14	-	-	SYM
bjmsr-2511	1	15	19	19	NUM
bjmsr-2511	1	16	12	12	NUM
bjmsr-2511	1	17	multidisciplinary	multidisciplinary	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	1	18	scientific	scientific	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	1	19	research	research	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	1	20	bjmsr	bjmsr	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	1	21	vol	vol	VERB
bjmsr-2511	1	22	10	10	NUM
bjmsr-2511	1	23	no	no	DET
bjmsr-2511	1	24	5	5	NUM
bjmsr-2511	1	25	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	1	26	2025	2025	NUM
bjmsr-2511	1	27	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	1	28	p	p	X
bjmsr-2511	1	29	-	-	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	1	30	issn	issn	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	1	31	2687	2687	NUM
bjmsr-2511	1	32	-	-	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	1	33	850x	850x	NUM
bjmsr-2511	1	34	e	e	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	1	35	-	-	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	1	36	issn	issn	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	1	37	2687	2687	NUM
bjmsr-2511	1	38	-	-	SYM
bjmsr-2511	1	39	8518	8518	NUM
bjmsr-2511	1	40	available	available	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	1	41	online	online	ADV
bjmsr-2511	1	42	at	at	ADP
bjmsr-2511	1	43	https://www.cribfb.com	https://www.cribfb.com	X
bjmsr-2511	1	44	journal	journal	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	1	45	homepage	homepage	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	1	46	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	1	47	https://www.cribfb.com/journal/index.php/bjmsr	https://www.cribfb.com/journal/index.php/bjmsr	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	1	48	published	publish	VERB
bjmsr-2511	1	49	by	by	ADP
bjmsr-2511	1	50	cribfb	cribfb	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	1	51	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	1	52	usa	usa	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	1	53	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	1	54	structure	structure	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	1	55	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	1	56	strategy	strategy	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	1	57	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	1	58	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	1	59	strongmen	strongman	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	1	60	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	1	61	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	1	62	defeat	defeat	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	1	63	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	1	64	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	1	65	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	1	66	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	1	67	a	a	DET
bjmsr-2511	1	68	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	1	69	study	study	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	1	70	lubis	lubis	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	1	71	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	1	72	a	a	X
bjmsr-2511	1	73	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	1	74	budi	budi	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	1	75	setiyono	setiyono	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	1	76	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	1	77	b)1	b)1	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	1	78	kushandajani	kushandajani	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	1	79	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	1	80	c	c	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	1	81	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	1	82	nur	nur	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	1	83	hidayat	hidayat	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	1	84	sardini	sardini	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	1	85	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	1	86	d	d	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	1	87	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	1	88	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	1	89	a	a	X
bjmsr-2511	1	90	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	1	91	research	research	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	1	92	scholar	scholar	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	1	93	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	1	94	department	department	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	1	95	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	1	96	social	social	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	1	97	studies	study	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	1	98	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	1	99	diponegoro	diponegoro	ADP
bjmsr-2511	1	100	university	university	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	1	101	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	1	102	faculty	faculty	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	1	103	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	1	104	social	social	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	1	105	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	1	106	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	1	107	sciences	science	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	1	108	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	1	109	semarang	semarang	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	1	110	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	1	111	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	1	112	;	;	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	1	113	email	email	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	1	114	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	1	115	lubis.vharoso@gmail.com	lubis.vharoso@gmail.com	X
bjmsr-2511	1	116	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	1	117	b	b	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	1	118	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	1	119	assistant	assistant	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	1	120	professor	professor	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	1	121	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	1	122	department	department	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	1	123	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	1	124	social	social	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	1	125	studies	study	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	1	126	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	1	127	diponegoro	diponegoro	ADP
bjmsr-2511	1	128	university	university	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	1	129	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	1	130	faculty	faculty	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	1	131	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	1	132	social	social	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	1	133	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	1	134	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	1	135	sciences	science	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	1	136	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	1	137	semarang	semarang	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	1	138	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	1	139	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	1	140	;	;	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	1	141	email	email	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	1	142	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	1	143	budisetiyono@lecturer.undip.ac.id	budisetiyono@lecturer.undip.ac.id	X
bjmsr-2511	1	144	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	1	145	c	c	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	1	146	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	1	147	assistant	assistant	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	1	148	professor	professor	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	1	149	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	1	150	department	department	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	1	151	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	1	152	social	social	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	1	153	studies	study	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	1	154	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	1	155	diponegoro	diponegoro	ADP
bjmsr-2511	1	156	university	university	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	1	157	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	1	158	faculty	faculty	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	1	159	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	1	160	social	social	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	1	161	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	1	162	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	1	163	sciences	science	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	1	164	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	1	165	semarang	semarang	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	1	166	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	1	167	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	1	168	;	;	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	1	169	email	email	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	1	170	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	1	171	ningkisworo123@gmail.com	ningkisworo123@gmail.com	X
bjmsr-2511	2	1	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	2	2	d	d	X
bjmsr-2511	2	3	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	2	4	assistant	assistant	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	2	5	professor	professor	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	2	6	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	2	7	department	department	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	2	8	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	2	9	social	social	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	2	10	studies	study	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	2	11	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	2	12	diponegoro	diponegoro	ADP
bjmsr-2511	2	13	university	university	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	2	14	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	2	15	faculty	faculty	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	2	16	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	2	17	social	social	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	2	18	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	2	19	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	2	20	sciences	science	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	2	21	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	2	22	semarang	semarang	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	2	23	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	2	24	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	2	25	;	;	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	2	26	email	email	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	2	27	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	2	28	nhsardini@yahoo.com	nhsardini@yahoo.com	X
bjmsr-2511	3	1	a	a	DET
bjmsr-2511	3	2	r	r	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	3	3	t	t	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	4	1	i	i	PRON
bjmsr-2511	4	2	c	c	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	4	3	l	l	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	4	4	e	e	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	5	1	i	i	PRON
bjmsr-2511	5	2	n	n	VERB
bjmsr-2511	5	3	f	f	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	5	4	o	o	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	5	5	article	article	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	5	6	history	history	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	5	7	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	5	8	received	receive	VERB
bjmsr-2511	5	9	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	5	10	6th	6th	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	5	11	march	march	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	5	12	2025	2025	NUM
bjmsr-2511	5	13	reviewed	review	VERB
bjmsr-2511	5	14	&	&	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	5	15	revised	revise	VERB
bjmsr-2511	5	16	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	5	17	6th	6th	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	5	18	march	march	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	5	19	2025	2025	NUM
bjmsr-2511	5	20	to	to	ADP
bjmsr-2511	5	21	12th	12th	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	5	22	august	august	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	5	23	2025	2025	NUM
bjmsr-2511	5	24	accepted	accept	VERB
bjmsr-2511	5	25	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	5	26	20th	20th	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	5	27	august	august	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	5	28	2025	2025	NUM
bjmsr-2511	5	29	published	publish	VERB
bjmsr-2511	5	30	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	5	31	24th	24th	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	5	32	august	august	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	5	33	2025	2025	NUM
bjmsr-2511	5	34	keywords	keyword	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	5	35	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	5	36	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	5	37	strongman	strongman	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	5	38	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	5	39	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	5	40	candidate	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	5	41	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	5	42	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	5	43	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	5	44	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	5	45	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	5	46	democracy	democracy	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	5	47	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	5	48	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	5	49	strategies	strategy	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	5	50	jel	jel	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	5	51	classification	classification	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	5	52	codes	code	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	5	53	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	5	54	d72	d72	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	5	55	peer	peer	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	5	56	-	-	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	5	57	review	review	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	5	58	model	model	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	5	59	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	5	60	external	external	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	5	61	peer	peer	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	5	62	review	review	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	5	63	was	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	5	64	done	do	VERB
bjmsr-2511	5	65	through	through	ADP
bjmsr-2511	5	66	double	double	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	5	67	-	-	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	5	68	blind	blind	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	5	69	method	method	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	5	70	a	a	DET
bjmsr-2511	5	71	b	b	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	5	72	s	s	ADP
bjmsr-2511	5	73	t	t	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	5	74	r	r	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	5	75	a	a	DET
bjmsr-2511	5	76	c	c	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	5	77	t	t	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	5	78	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	5	79	phenomenon	phenomenon	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	5	80	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	5	81	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	5	82	strongmen	strongman	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	5	83	is	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	5	84	an	an	DET
bjmsr-2511	5	85	integral	integral	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	5	86	part	part	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	5	87	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	5	88	understanding	understand	VERB
bjmsr-2511	5	89	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	5	90	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	5	91	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	5	92	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	5	93	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	5	94	politics	politic	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	5	95	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	5	96	peripheral	peripheral	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	5	97	regions	region	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	5	98	such	such	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	5	99	as	as	ADP
bjmsr-2511	5	100	sumbawa	sumbawa	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	5	101	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	5	102	west	west	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	5	103	nusa	nusa	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	5	104	tenggara	tenggara	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	5	105	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	6	1	although	although	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	6	2	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	6	3	direct	direct	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	6	4	regional	regional	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	6	5	head	head	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	6	6	election	election	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	6	7	system	system	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	6	8	has	have	AUX
bjmsr-2511	6	9	opened	open	VERB
bjmsr-2511	6	10	up	up	ADP
bjmsr-2511	6	11	broader	broad	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	6	12	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	6	13	for	for	ADP
bjmsr-2511	6	14	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	6	15	participation	participation	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	6	16	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	6	17	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	6	18	dominance	dominance	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	6	19	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	6	20	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	6	21	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	6	22	often	often	ADV
bjmsr-2511	6	23	constrains	constrain	VERB
bjmsr-2511	6	24	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	6	25	emergence	emergence	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	6	26	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	6	27	democratic	democratic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	6	28	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	6	29	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	7	1	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	7	2	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	7	3	face	face	VERB
bjmsr-2511	7	4	various	various	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	7	5	administrative	administrative	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	7	6	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	7	7	financial	financial	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	7	8	obstacles	obstacle	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	7	9	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	7	10	as	as	ADV
bjmsr-2511	7	11	well	well	ADV
bjmsr-2511	7	12	as	as	ADP
bjmsr-2511	7	13	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	7	14	pressure	pressure	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	7	15	from	from	ADP
bjmsr-2511	7	16	deeply	deeply	ADV
bjmsr-2511	7	17	rooted	root	VERB
bjmsr-2511	7	18	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	7	19	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	7	20	networks	network	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	7	21	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	8	1	this	this	DET
bjmsr-2511	8	2	study	study	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	8	3	aims	aim	VERB
bjmsr-2511	8	4	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	8	5	examine	examine	VERB
bjmsr-2511	8	6	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	8	7	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	8	8	strategies	strategy	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	8	9	employed	employ	VERB
bjmsr-2511	8	10	by	by	ADP
bjmsr-2511	8	11	zulkieflimansyah	zulkieflimansyah	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	8	12	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	8	13	a	a	DET
bjmsr-2511	8	14	prominent	prominent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	8	15	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	8	16	figure	figure	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	8	17	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	8	18	sumbawa	sumbawa	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	8	19	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	8	20	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	8	21	strategically	strategically	ADV
bjmsr-2511	8	22	utilizing	utilize	VERB
bjmsr-2511	8	23	formal	formal	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	8	24	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	8	25	informal	informal	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	8	26	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	8	27	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	8	28	defeat	defeat	VERB
bjmsr-2511	8	29	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	8	30	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	8	31	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	9	1	this	this	DET
bjmsr-2511	9	2	study	study	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	9	3	used	use	VERB
bjmsr-2511	9	4	a	a	DET
bjmsr-2511	9	5	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	9	6	case	case	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	9	7	study	study	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	9	8	approach	approach	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	9	9	with	with	ADP
bjmsr-2511	9	10	data	datum	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	9	11	collected	collect	VERB
bjmsr-2511	9	12	through	through	ADP
bjmsr-2511	9	13	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	9	14	-	-	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	9	15	depth	depth	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	9	16	interviews	interview	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	9	17	with	with	ADP
bjmsr-2511	9	18	eleven	eleven	NUM
bjmsr-2511	9	19	purposively	purposively	ADV
bjmsr-2511	9	20	selected	select	VERB
bjmsr-2511	9	21	informants	informant	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	9	22	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	9	23	including	include	VERB
bjmsr-2511	9	24	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	9	25	actors	actor	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	9	26	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	9	27	community	community	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	9	28	leaders	leader	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	9	29	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	9	30	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	9	31	campaign	campaign	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	9	32	team	team	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	9	33	members	member	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	9	34	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	10	1	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	10	2	findings	finding	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	10	3	show	show	VERB
bjmsr-2511	10	4	that	that	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	10	5	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	10	6	influence	influence	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	10	7	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	10	8	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	10	9	strongmen	strongman	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	10	10	extends	extend	VERB
bjmsr-2511	10	11	across	across	ADP
bjmsr-2511	10	12	various	various	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	10	13	sectors	sector	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	10	14	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	10	15	including	include	VERB
bjmsr-2511	10	16	politics	politic	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	10	17	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	10	18	education	education	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	10	19	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	10	20	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	10	21	government	government	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	10	22	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	10	23	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	10	24	customary	customary	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	10	25	systems	system	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	10	26	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	11	1	this	this	DET
bjmsr-2511	11	2	influence	influence	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	11	3	is	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	11	4	exercised	exercise	VERB
bjmsr-2511	11	5	through	through	ADP
bjmsr-2511	11	6	control	control	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	11	7	over	over	ADP
bjmsr-2511	11	8	strategic	strategic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	11	9	resources	resource	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	11	10	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	11	11	dominance	dominance	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	11	12	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	11	13	formal	formal	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	11	14	authority	authority	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	11	15	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	11	16	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	11	17	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	11	18	systematic	systematic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	11	19	expansion	expansion	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	11	20	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	11	21	social	social	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	11	22	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	11	23	economic	economic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	11	24	networks	network	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	11	25	that	that	PRON
bjmsr-2511	11	26	enable	enable	VERB
bjmsr-2511	11	27	long	long	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	11	28	-	-	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	11	29	term	term	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	11	30	consolidation	consolidation	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	11	31	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	11	32	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	11	33	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	11	34	suppression	suppression	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	11	35	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	11	36	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	11	37	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	11	38	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	12	1	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	12	2	study	study	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	12	3	finds	find	VERB
bjmsr-2511	12	4	that	that	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	12	5	strategic	strategic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	12	6	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	12	7	positions	position	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	12	8	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	12	9	strong	strong	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	12	10	social	social	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	12	11	ties	tie	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	12	12	are	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	12	13	key	key	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	12	14	factors	factor	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	12	15	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	12	16	delegitimizing	delegitimize	VERB
bjmsr-2511	12	17	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	12	18	defeating	defeat	VERB
bjmsr-2511	12	19	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	12	20	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	12	21	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	13	1	these	these	DET
bjmsr-2511	13	2	strategies	strategy	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	13	3	strengthen	strengthen	VERB
bjmsr-2511	13	4	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	13	5	strongmen	strongman	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	13	6	’s	’s	PART
bjmsr-2511	13	7	dominance	dominance	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	13	8	within	within	ADP
bjmsr-2511	13	9	vertical	vertical	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	13	10	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	13	11	horizontal	horizontal	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	13	12	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	13	13	structures	structure	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	13	14	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	13	15	limiting	limit	VERB
bjmsr-2511	13	16	fair	fair	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	13	17	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	13	18	competition	competition	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	13	19	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	14	1	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	14	2	reform	reform	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	14	3	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	14	4	resource	resource	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	14	5	transparency	transparency	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	14	6	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	14	7	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	14	8	civic	civic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	14	9	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	14	10	education	education	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	14	11	are	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	14	12	needed	need	VERB
bjmsr-2511	14	13	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	14	14	counter	counter	VERB
bjmsr-2511	14	15	this	this	DET
bjmsr-2511	14	16	dominance	dominance	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	14	17	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	15	1	©	©	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	15	2	2025	2025	NUM
bjmsr-2511	15	3	by	by	ADP
bjmsr-2511	15	4	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	15	5	authors	author	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	15	6	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	16	1	licensee	licensee	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	16	2	cribfb	cribfb	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	16	3	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	16	4	usa	usa	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	16	5	.	.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	17	1	this	this	DET
bjmsr-2511	17	2	open	open	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	17	3	-	-	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	17	4	access	access	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	17	5	article	article	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	17	6	is	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	17	7	distributed	distribute	VERB
bjmsr-2511	17	8	under	under	ADP
bjmsr-2511	17	9	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	17	10	terms	term	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	17	11	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	17	12	conditions	condition	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	17	13	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	17	14	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	17	15	creative	creative	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	17	16	commons	common	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	17	17	attribution	attribution	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	17	18	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	17	19	cc	cc	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	17	20	by	by	ADP
bjmsr-2511	17	21	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	17	22	license	license	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	17	23	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	17	24	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	17	25	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	17	26	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	18	1	introduction	introduction	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	18	2	regional	regional	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	18	3	head	head	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	18	4	elections	election	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	18	5	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	18	6	pilkada	pilkada	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	18	7	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	18	8	are	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	18	9	one	one	NUM
bjmsr-2511	18	10	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	18	11	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	18	12	important	important	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	18	13	instruments	instrument	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	18	14	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	18	15	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	18	16	democratization	democratization	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	18	17	process	process	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	18	18	at	at	ADP
bjmsr-2511	18	19	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	18	20	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	18	21	level	level	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	18	22	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	19	1	ideally	ideally	ADV
bjmsr-2511	19	2	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	19	3	pilkada	pilkada	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	19	4	provides	provide	VERB
bjmsr-2511	19	5	space	space	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	19	6	for	for	ADP
bjmsr-2511	19	7	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	19	8	emergence	emergence	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	19	9	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	19	10	alternative	alternative	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	19	11	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	19	12	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	19	13	including	include	VERB
bjmsr-2511	19	14	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	19	15	available	available	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	19	16	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	19	17	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	19	18	without	without	ADP
bjmsr-2511	19	19	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	19	20	support	support	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	19	21	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	19	22	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	19	23	parties	party	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	19	24	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	20	1	however	however	ADV
bjmsr-2511	20	2	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	20	3	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	20	4	reality	reality	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	20	5	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	20	6	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	20	7	politics	politic	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	20	8	reveals	reveal	VERB
bjmsr-2511	20	9	that	that	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	20	10	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	20	11	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	20	12	often	often	ADV
bjmsr-2511	20	13	face	face	VERB
bjmsr-2511	20	14	complex	complex	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	20	15	structural	structural	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	20	16	challenges	challenge	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	20	17	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	20	18	which	which	PRON
bjmsr-2511	20	19	become	become	VERB
bjmsr-2511	20	20	an	an	DET
bjmsr-2511	20	21	integral	integral	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	20	22	part	part	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	20	23	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	20	24	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	20	25	dominance	dominance	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	20	26	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	20	27	complex	complex	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	20	28	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	20	29	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	20	30	networks	network	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	20	31	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	21	1	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	21	2	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	21	3	global	global	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	21	4	context	context	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	21	5	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	21	6	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	21	7	defeat	defeat	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	21	8	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	21	9	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	21	10	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	21	11	is	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	21	12	not	not	PART
bjmsr-2511	21	13	only	only	ADV
bjmsr-2511	21	14	happening	happen	VERB
bjmsr-2511	21	15	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	21	16	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	21	17	but	but	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	21	18	also	also	ADV
bjmsr-2511	21	19	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	21	20	various	various	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	21	21	countries	country	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	21	22	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	21	23	including	include	VERB
bjmsr-2511	21	24	both	both	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	21	25	developed	developed	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	21	26	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	21	27	developing	develop	VERB
bjmsr-2511	21	28	nations	nation	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	21	29	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	22	1	one	one	NUM
bjmsr-2511	22	2	important	important	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	22	3	finding	finding	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	22	4	comes	come	VERB
bjmsr-2511	22	5	from	from	ADP
bjmsr-2511	22	6	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	22	7	congress	congress	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	22	8	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	22	9	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	22	10	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	22	11	regional	regional	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	22	12	authorities	authority	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	22	13	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	22	14	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	22	15	council	council	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	22	16	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	22	17	europe	europe	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	22	18	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	22	19	which	which	PRON
bjmsr-2511	22	20	revealed	reveal	VERB
bjmsr-2511	22	21	that	that	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	22	22	strict	strict	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	22	23	administrative	administrative	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	22	24	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	22	25	legal	legal	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	22	26	requirements	requirement	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	22	27	often	often	ADV
bjmsr-2511	22	28	limit	limit	VERB
bjmsr-2511	22	29	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	22	30	nomination	nomination	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	22	31	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	22	32	campaigning	campaigning	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	22	33	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	22	34	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	22	35	media	medium	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	22	36	access	access	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	22	37	for	for	ADP
bjmsr-2511	22	38	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	22	39	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	22	40	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	23	1	these	these	DET
bjmsr-2511	23	2	restrictions	restriction	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	23	3	not	not	PART
bjmsr-2511	23	4	only	only	ADV
bjmsr-2511	23	5	reduce	reduce	VERB
bjmsr-2511	23	6	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	23	7	pluralism	pluralism	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	23	8	but	but	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	23	9	are	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	23	10	also	also	ADV
bjmsr-2511	23	11	susceptible	susceptible	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	23	12	to	to	ADP
bjmsr-2511	23	13	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	23	14	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	23	15	silence	silence	VERB
bjmsr-2511	23	16	opposition	opposition	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	23	17	to	to	ADP
bjmsr-2511	23	18	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	23	19	ruling	rule	VERB
bjmsr-2511	23	20	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	23	21	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	24	1	onerous	onerous	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	24	2	administrative	administrative	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	24	3	requirements	requirement	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	24	4	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	24	5	high	high	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	24	6	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	24	7	costs	cost	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	24	8	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	24	9	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	24	10	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	24	11	strong	strong	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	24	12	grip	grip	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	24	13	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	24	14	elites	elite	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	24	15	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	24	16	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	24	17	parties	party	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	24	18	become	become	VERB
bjmsr-2511	24	19	systemic	systemic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	24	20	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	24	21	that	that	PRON
bjmsr-2511	24	22	indirectly	indirectly	ADV
bjmsr-2511	24	23	exclude	exclude	VERB
bjmsr-2511	24	24	genuine	genuine	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	24	25	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	24	26	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	24	27	from	from	ADP
bjmsr-2511	24	28	equal	equal	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	24	29	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	24	30	competition	competition	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	24	31	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	24	32	dinarto	dinarto	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	24	33	&	&	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	24	34	ng	ng	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	24	35	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	24	36	2021	2021	NUM
bjmsr-2511	24	37	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	24	38	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	25	1	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	25	2	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	25	3	system	system	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	25	4	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	25	5	which	which	PRON
bjmsr-2511	25	6	is	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	25	7	generally	generally	ADV
bjmsr-2511	25	8	unfavorable	unfavorable	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	25	9	to	to	ADP
bjmsr-2511	25	10	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	25	11	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	25	12	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	25	13	tends	tend	VERB
bjmsr-2511	25	14	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	25	15	privilege	privilege	VERB
bjmsr-2511	25	16	those	those	PRON
bjmsr-2511	25	17	with	with	ADP
bjmsr-2511	25	18	elite	elite	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	25	19	affiliations	affiliation	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	25	20	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	25	21	enabling	enable	VERB
bjmsr-2511	25	22	1corresponding	1corresponding	NUM
bjmsr-2511	25	23	author	author	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	25	24	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	25	25	orcid	orcid	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	25	26	i	i	PRON
bjmsr-2511	25	27	d	d	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	25	28	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	25	29	0000	0000	NUM
bjmsr-2511	25	30	-	-	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	25	31	0001	0001	NUM
bjmsr-2511	25	32	-	-	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	25	33	8988	8988	NUM
bjmsr-2511	25	34	-	-	SYM
bjmsr-2511	25	35	0304	0304	NUM
bjmsr-2511	25	36	©	©	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	25	37	2025	2025	NUM
bjmsr-2511	25	38	by	by	ADP
bjmsr-2511	25	39	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	25	40	authors	author	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	25	41	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	26	1	hosting	host	VERB
bjmsr-2511	26	2	by	by	ADP
bjmsr-2511	26	3	cribfb	cribfb	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	26	4	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	27	1	peer	peer	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	27	2	review	review	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	27	3	is	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	27	4	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	27	5	responsibility	responsibility	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	27	6	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	27	7	cribfb	cribfb	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	27	8	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	27	9	usa	usa	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	27	10	.	.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	27	11	https://doi.org/10.46281/4kz2g758	https://doi.org/10.46281/4kz2g758	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	27	12	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	27	13	cite	cite	VERB
bjmsr-2511	27	14	this	this	DET
bjmsr-2511	27	15	article	article	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	27	16	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	27	17	lubis	lubis	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	27	18	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	27	19	setiyono	setiyono	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	27	20	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	27	21	b.	b.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	27	22	.	.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	27	23	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	27	24	kushandajani	kushandajani	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	27	25	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	27	26	&	&	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	27	27	sardini	sardini	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	27	28	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	27	29	n.	n.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	27	30	h.	h.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	27	31	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	27	32	2025	2025	NUM
bjmsr-2511	27	33	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	27	34	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	28	1	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	28	2	structure	structure	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	28	3	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	28	4	strategy	strategy	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	28	5	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	28	6	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	28	7	strongmen	strongman	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	28	8	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	28	9	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	28	10	defeat	defeat	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	28	11	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	28	12	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	28	13	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	28	14	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	28	15	a	a	DET
bjmsr-2511	28	16	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	28	17	study	study	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	28	18	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	29	1	bangladesh	bangladesh	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	29	2	journal	journal	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	29	3	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	29	4	multidisciplinary	multidisciplinary	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	29	5	scientific	scientific	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	29	6	research	research	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	29	7	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	29	8	10(5	10(5	NUM
bjmsr-2511	29	9	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	29	10	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	29	11	12	12	NUM
bjmsr-2511	29	12	-	-	SYM
bjmsr-2511	29	13	19	19	NUM
bjmsr-2511	29	14	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	29	15	https://doi.org/10.46281/4kz2g758	https://doi.org/10.46281/4kz2g758	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	29	16	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	29	17	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	29	18	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	29	19	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	29	20	https://www.openaccess.nl/en	https://www.openaccess.nl/en	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	29	21	https://doi.org/10.46281/4kz2g758	https://doi.org/10.46281/4kz2g758	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	29	22	https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1475-7286	https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1475-7286	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	29	23	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8988-0304	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8988-0304	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	29	24	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3854-6765	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3854-6765	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	29	25	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9599-5001	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9599-5001	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	29	26	lubis	lubi	VERB
bjmsr-2511	29	27	et	et	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	29	28	al	al	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	29	29	.	.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	29	30	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	29	31	bangladesh	bangladesh	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	29	32	journal	journal	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	29	33	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	29	34	multidisciplinary	multidisciplinary	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	29	35	scientific	scientific	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	29	36	research	research	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	29	37	10(5	10(5	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	29	38	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	29	39	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	29	40	2025	2025	NUM
bjmsr-2511	29	41	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	29	42	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	29	43	12	12	NUM
bjmsr-2511	29	44	-	-	SYM
bjmsr-2511	29	45	19	19	NUM
bjmsr-2511	29	46	13	13	NUM
bjmsr-2511	29	47	only	only	ADV
bjmsr-2511	29	48	well	well	ADV
bjmsr-2511	29	49	-	-	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	29	50	connected	connect	VERB
bjmsr-2511	29	51	people	people	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	29	52	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	29	53	remain	remain	VERB
bjmsr-2511	29	54	viable	viable	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	29	55	contenders	contender	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	29	56	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	30	1	this	this	PRON
bjmsr-2511	30	2	is	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	30	3	reflected	reflect	VERB
bjmsr-2511	30	4	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	30	5	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	30	6	makassar	makassar	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	30	7	regional	regional	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	30	8	election	election	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	30	9	case	case	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	30	10	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	30	11	where	where	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	30	12	dynastic	dynastic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	30	13	politics	politic	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	30	14	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	30	15	legal	legal	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	30	16	intervention	intervention	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	30	17	became	become	VERB
bjmsr-2511	30	18	tools	tool	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	30	19	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	30	20	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	30	21	exclusion	exclusion	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	30	22	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	30	23	yakub	yakub	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	30	24	et	et	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	30	25	al	al	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	30	26	.	.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	30	27	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	30	28	2022	2022	NUM
bjmsr-2511	30	29	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	30	30	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	31	1	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	31	2	withdrawal	withdrawal	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	31	3	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	31	4	numerous	numerous	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	31	5	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	31	6	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	31	7	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	31	8	largely	largely	ADV
bjmsr-2511	31	9	due	due	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	31	10	to	to	ADP
bjmsr-2511	31	11	heavy	heavy	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	31	12	administrative	administrative	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	31	13	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	31	14	financial	financial	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	31	15	burdens	burden	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	31	16	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	31	17	underscores	underscore	VERB
bjmsr-2511	31	18	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	31	19	influential	influential	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	31	20	role	role	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	31	21	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	31	22	entrenched	entrenched	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	31	23	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	31	24	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	31	25	networks	network	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	31	26	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	31	27	obstructing	obstruct	VERB
bjmsr-2511	31	28	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	31	29	emergence	emergence	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	31	30	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	31	31	democratic	democratic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	31	32	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	31	33	at	at	ADP
bjmsr-2511	31	34	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	31	35	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	31	36	level	level	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	31	37	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	31	38	dinarto	dinarto	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	31	39	&	&	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	31	40	ng	ng	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	31	41	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	31	42	2021	2021	NUM
bjmsr-2511	31	43	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	31	44	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	32	1	methodologically	methodologically	ADV
bjmsr-2511	32	2	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	32	3	this	this	DET
bjmsr-2511	32	4	research	research	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	32	5	adopts	adopt	VERB
bjmsr-2511	32	6	a	a	DET
bjmsr-2511	32	7	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	32	8	approach	approach	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	32	9	with	with	ADP
bjmsr-2511	32	10	purposive	purposive	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	32	11	selection	selection	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	32	12	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	32	13	informants	informant	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	32	14	based	base	VERB
bjmsr-2511	32	15	on	on	ADP
bjmsr-2511	32	16	their	their	PRON
bjmsr-2511	32	17	relevance	relevance	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	32	18	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	32	19	experience	experience	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	32	20	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	33	1	data	datum	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	33	2	were	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	33	3	collected	collect	VERB
bjmsr-2511	33	4	through	through	ADP
bjmsr-2511	33	5	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	33	6	-	-	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	33	7	depth	depth	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	33	8	interviews	interview	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	33	9	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	33	10	were	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	33	11	analyzed	analyze	VERB
bjmsr-2511	33	12	thematically	thematically	ADV
bjmsr-2511	33	13	using	use	VERB
bjmsr-2511	33	14	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	33	15	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	33	16	strongman	strongman	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	33	17	theory	theory	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	33	18	as	as	ADP
bjmsr-2511	33	19	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	33	20	analytical	analytical	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	33	21	framework	framework	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	33	22	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	34	1	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	34	2	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	34	3	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	34	4	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	34	5	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	34	6	strongmen	strongman	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	34	7	behind	behind	ADP
bjmsr-2511	34	8	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	34	9	defeat	defeat	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	34	10	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	34	11	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	34	12	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	34	13	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	34	14	regional	regional	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	34	15	elections	election	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	34	16	occur	occur	VERB
bjmsr-2511	34	17	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	34	18	various	various	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	34	19	regions	region	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	34	20	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	34	21	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	34	22	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	34	23	including	include	VERB
bjmsr-2511	34	24	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	34	25	peripheral	peripheral	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	34	26	area	area	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	34	27	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	34	28	sumbawa	sumbawa	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	34	29	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	34	30	where	where	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	34	31	organized	organize	VERB
bjmsr-2511	34	32	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	34	33	forms	form	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	34	34	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	34	35	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	34	36	economic	economic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	34	37	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	34	38	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	34	39	social	social	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	34	40	networks	network	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	34	41	that	that	PRON
bjmsr-2511	34	42	make	make	VERB
bjmsr-2511	34	43	it	it	PRON
bjmsr-2511	34	44	difficult	difficult	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	34	45	for	for	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	34	46	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	34	47	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	34	48	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	34	49	compete	compete	VERB
bjmsr-2511	34	50	fairly	fairly	ADV
bjmsr-2511	34	51	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	35	1	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	35	2	2020	2020	NUM
bjmsr-2511	35	3	sumbawa	sumbawa	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	35	4	regional	regional	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	35	5	election	election	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	35	6	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	35	7	where	where	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	35	8	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	35	9	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	35	10	experienced	experience	VERB
bjmsr-2511	35	11	defeat	defeat	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	35	12	not	not	PART
bjmsr-2511	35	13	solely	solely	ADV
bjmsr-2511	35	14	due	due	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	35	15	to	to	ADP
bjmsr-2511	35	16	weak	weak	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	35	17	electoral	electoral	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	35	18	support	support	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	35	19	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	35	20	but	but	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	35	21	more	more	ADV
bjmsr-2511	35	22	because	because	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	35	23	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	35	24	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	35	25	strong	strong	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	35	26	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	35	27	dominance	dominance	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	35	28	strategically	strategically	ADV
bjmsr-2511	35	29	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	35	30	structurally	structurally	ADV
bjmsr-2511	35	31	executed	execute	VERB
bjmsr-2511	35	32	by	by	ADP
bjmsr-2511	35	33	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	35	34	authorities	authority	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	35	35	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	36	1	various	various	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	36	2	research	research	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	36	3	findings	finding	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	36	4	indicate	indicate	VERB
bjmsr-2511	36	5	that	that	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	36	6	incumbents	incumbent	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	36	7	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	36	8	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	36	9	indonesian	indonesian	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	36	10	regional	regional	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	36	11	elections	election	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	36	12	do	do	AUX
bjmsr-2511	36	13	not	not	PART
bjmsr-2511	36	14	merely	merely	ADV
bjmsr-2511	36	15	serve	serve	VERB
bjmsr-2511	36	16	as	as	ADP
bjmsr-2511	36	17	current	current	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	36	18	public	public	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	36	19	officials	official	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	36	20	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	36	21	but	but	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	36	22	often	often	ADV
bjmsr-2511	36	23	act	act	VERB
bjmsr-2511	36	24	as	as	ADP
bjmsr-2511	36	25	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	36	26	strongmen	strongman	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	36	27	who	who	PRON
bjmsr-2511	36	28	have	have	VERB
bjmsr-2511	36	29	significant	significant	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	36	30	control	control	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	36	31	over	over	ADP
bjmsr-2511	36	32	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	36	33	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	36	34	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	36	35	at	at	ADP
bjmsr-2511	36	36	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	36	37	regional	regional	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	36	38	level	level	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	36	39	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	37	1	according	accord	VERB
bjmsr-2511	37	2	to	to	ADP
bjmsr-2511	37	3	binns	binn	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	37	4	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	37	5	2020	2020	NUM
bjmsr-2511	37	6	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	37	7	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	37	8	this	this	DET
bjmsr-2511	37	9	phenomenon	phenomenon	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	37	10	is	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	37	11	referred	refer	VERB
bjmsr-2511	37	12	to	to	ADP
bjmsr-2511	37	13	as	as	ADP
bjmsr-2511	37	14	"	"	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	37	15	incumbents	incumbent	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	37	16	with	with	ADP
bjmsr-2511	37	17	attitude	attitude	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	37	18	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	37	19	"	"	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	37	20	meaning	mean	VERB
bjmsr-2511	37	21	incumbents	incumbent	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	37	22	who	who	PRON
bjmsr-2511	37	23	not	not	PART
bjmsr-2511	37	24	only	only	ADV
bjmsr-2511	37	25	exploit	exploit	VERB
bjmsr-2511	37	26	their	their	PRON
bjmsr-2511	37	27	positions	position	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	37	28	but	but	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	37	29	also	also	ADV
bjmsr-2511	37	30	build	build	VERB
bjmsr-2511	37	31	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	37	32	consolidate	consolidate	VERB
bjmsr-2511	37	33	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	37	34	through	through	ADP
bjmsr-2511	37	35	bureaucracy	bureaucracy	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	37	36	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	37	37	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	37	38	parties	party	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	37	39	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	37	40	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	37	41	extensive	extensive	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	37	42	informal	informal	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	37	43	social	social	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	37	44	networks	network	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	37	45	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	38	1	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	38	2	line	line	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	38	3	with	with	ADP
bjmsr-2511	38	4	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	38	5	findings	finding	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	38	6	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	38	7	other	other	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	38	8	studies	study	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	38	9	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	38	10	it	it	PRON
bjmsr-2511	38	11	shows	show	VERB
bjmsr-2511	38	12	that	that	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	38	13	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	38	14	many	many	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	38	15	cases	case	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	38	16	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	38	17	incumbents	incumbent	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	38	18	practice	practice	VERB
bjmsr-2511	38	19	clientelism	clientelism	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	38	20	by	by	ADP
bjmsr-2511	38	21	directly	directly	ADV
bjmsr-2511	38	22	distributing	distribute	VERB
bjmsr-2511	38	23	patronage	patronage	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	38	24	to	to	ADP
bjmsr-2511	38	25	citizens	citizen	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	38	26	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	38	27	making	make	VERB
bjmsr-2511	38	28	them	they	PRON
bjmsr-2511	38	29	dominant	dominant	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	38	30	actors	actor	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	38	31	outside	outside	ADP
bjmsr-2511	38	32	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	38	33	party	party	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	38	34	structure	structure	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	38	35	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	39	1	post	post	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	39	2	-	-	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	39	3	reform	reform	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	39	4	regional	regional	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	39	5	heads	head	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	39	6	are	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	39	7	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	39	8	"	"	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	39	9	new	new	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	39	10	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	39	11	rulers	ruler	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	39	12	"	"	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	39	13	who	who	PRON
bjmsr-2511	39	14	rely	rely	VERB
bjmsr-2511	39	15	on	on	ADP
bjmsr-2511	39	16	state	state	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	39	17	resources	resource	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	39	18	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	39	19	control	control	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	39	20	over	over	ADP
bjmsr-2511	39	21	institutions	institution	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	39	22	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	39	23	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	39	24	patron	patron	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	39	25	-	-	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	39	26	client	client	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	39	27	relationships	relationship	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	39	28	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	39	29	maintain	maintain	VERB
bjmsr-2511	39	30	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	39	31	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	40	1	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	40	2	berenschot	berenschot	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	40	3	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	40	4	2020	2020	NUM
bjmsr-2511	40	5	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	40	6	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	40	7	this	this	DET
bjmsr-2511	40	8	framework	framework	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	40	9	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	40	10	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	40	11	incumbent	incumbent	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	40	12	not	not	PART
bjmsr-2511	40	13	only	only	ADV
bjmsr-2511	40	14	acts	act	VERB
bjmsr-2511	40	15	as	as	ADP
bjmsr-2511	40	16	an	an	DET
bjmsr-2511	40	17	election	election	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	40	18	candidate	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	40	19	but	but	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	40	20	also	also	ADV
bjmsr-2511	40	21	as	as	ADP
bjmsr-2511	40	22	a	a	DET
bjmsr-2511	40	23	central	central	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	40	24	actor	actor	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	40	25	playing	play	VERB
bjmsr-2511	40	26	a	a	DET
bjmsr-2511	40	27	strategic	strategic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	40	28	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	40	29	structured	structured	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	40	30	role	role	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	40	31	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	40	32	eliminating	eliminate	VERB
bjmsr-2511	40	33	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	40	34	rivals	rival	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	40	35	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	40	36	particularly	particularly	ADV
bjmsr-2511	40	37	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	40	38	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	40	39	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	40	40	feber	feber	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	40	41	&	&	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	40	42	christover	christover	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	40	43	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	40	44	2021	2021	NUM
bjmsr-2511	40	45	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	40	46	thus	thus	ADV
bjmsr-2511	40	47	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	40	48	based	base	VERB
bjmsr-2511	40	49	on	on	ADP
bjmsr-2511	40	50	these	these	DET
bjmsr-2511	40	51	findings	finding	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	40	52	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	40	53	it	it	PRON
bjmsr-2511	40	54	can	can	AUX
bjmsr-2511	40	55	be	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	40	56	concluded	conclude	VERB
bjmsr-2511	40	57	that	that	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	40	58	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	40	59	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	40	60	context	context	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	40	61	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	40	62	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	40	63	politics	politic	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	40	64	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	40	65	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	40	66	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	40	67	incumbents	incumbent	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	40	68	often	often	ADV
bjmsr-2511	40	69	transform	transform	VERB
bjmsr-2511	40	70	into	into	ADP
bjmsr-2511	40	71	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	40	72	strongmen	strongman	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	40	73	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	41	1	these	these	DET
bjmsr-2511	41	2	strong	strong	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	41	3	figures	figure	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	41	4	dominate	dominate	VERB
bjmsr-2511	41	5	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	41	6	regional	regional	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	41	7	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	41	8	arena	arena	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	41	9	through	through	ADP
bjmsr-2511	41	10	centralized	centralized	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	41	11	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	41	12	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	41	13	patronage	patronage	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	41	14	networks	network	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	41	15	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	41	16	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	41	17	extensive	extensive	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	41	18	social	social	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	41	19	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	41	20	cultural	cultural	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	41	21	influence	influence	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	41	22	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	42	1	what	what	PRON
bjmsr-2511	42	2	distinguishes	distinguish	VERB
bjmsr-2511	42	3	this	this	DET
bjmsr-2511	42	4	research	research	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	42	5	from	from	ADP
bjmsr-2511	42	6	previous	previous	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	42	7	studies	study	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	42	8	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	42	9	marking	mark	VERB
bjmsr-2511	42	10	its	its	PRON
bjmsr-2511	42	11	novelty	novelty	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	42	12	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	42	13	is	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	42	14	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	42	15	use	use	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	42	16	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	42	17	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	42	18	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	42	19	strongman	strongman	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	42	20	theory	theory	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	42	21	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	42	22	explore	explore	VERB
bjmsr-2511	42	23	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	42	24	role	role	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	42	25	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	42	26	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	42	27	strongmen	strongman	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	42	28	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	42	29	defeating	defeat	VERB
bjmsr-2511	42	30	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	42	31	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	42	32	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	43	1	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	43	2	addition	addition	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	43	3	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	43	4	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	43	5	focus	focus	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	43	6	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	43	7	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	43	8	research	research	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	43	9	is	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	43	10	on	on	ADP
bjmsr-2511	43	11	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	43	12	peripheral	peripheral	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	43	13	regions	region	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	43	14	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	43	15	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	43	16	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	44	1	whereas	whereas	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	44	2	previously	previously	ADV
bjmsr-2511	44	3	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	44	4	research	research	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	44	5	has	have	AUX
bjmsr-2511	44	6	focused	focus	VERB
bjmsr-2511	44	7	chiefly	chiefly	ADV
bjmsr-2511	44	8	on	on	ADP
bjmsr-2511	44	9	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	44	10	central	central	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	44	11	government	government	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	44	12	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	44	13	presidential	presidential	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	44	14	elections	election	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	44	15	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	45	1	this	this	DET
bjmsr-2511	45	2	study	study	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	45	3	aims	aim	VERB
bjmsr-2511	45	4	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	45	5	explore	explore	VERB
bjmsr-2511	45	6	how	how	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	45	7	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	45	8	strongmen	strongman	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	45	9	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	45	10	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	45	11	peripheral	peripheral	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	45	12	areas	area	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	45	13	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	45	14	such	such	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	45	15	as	as	ADP
bjmsr-2511	45	16	sumbawa	sumbawa	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	45	17	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	45	18	strategically	strategically	ADV
bjmsr-2511	45	19	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	45	20	systematically	systematically	ADV
bjmsr-2511	45	21	suppress	suppress	VERB
bjmsr-2511	45	22	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	45	23	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	45	24	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	45	25	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	45	26	elections	election	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	45	27	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	46	1	this	this	DET
bjmsr-2511	46	2	article	article	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	46	3	is	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	46	4	organized	organize	VERB
bjmsr-2511	46	5	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	46	6	provide	provide	VERB
bjmsr-2511	46	7	a	a	DET
bjmsr-2511	46	8	clear	clear	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	46	9	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	46	10	logical	logical	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	46	11	flow	flow	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	46	12	for	for	ADP
bjmsr-2511	46	13	readers	reader	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	46	14	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	47	1	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	47	2	first	first	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	47	3	section	section	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	47	4	presents	present	VERB
bjmsr-2511	47	5	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	47	6	conceptual	conceptual	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	47	7	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	47	8	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	47	9	framework	framework	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	47	10	on	on	ADP
bjmsr-2511	47	11	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	47	12	strongmen	strongman	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	47	13	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	47	14	which	which	PRON
bjmsr-2511	47	15	underpins	underpin	VERB
bjmsr-2511	47	16	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	47	17	analysis	analysis	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	47	18	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	47	19	this	this	DET
bjmsr-2511	47	20	study	study	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	47	21	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	48	1	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	48	2	methodology	methodology	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	48	3	section	section	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	48	4	follows	follow	VERB
bjmsr-2511	48	5	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	48	6	detailing	detail	VERB
bjmsr-2511	48	7	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	48	8	research	research	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	48	9	approach	approach	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	48	10	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	48	11	data	datum	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	48	12	collection	collection	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	48	13	methods	method	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	48	14	employed	employ	VERB
bjmsr-2511	48	15	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	49	1	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	49	2	findings	findings	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	49	3	section	section	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	49	4	explores	explore	VERB
bjmsr-2511	49	5	how	how	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	49	6	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	49	7	strongmen	strongman	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	49	8	build	build	VERB
bjmsr-2511	49	9	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	49	10	utilize	utilize	VERB
bjmsr-2511	49	11	their	their	PRON
bjmsr-2511	49	12	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	49	13	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	49	14	strategies	strategy	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	49	15	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	49	16	undermine	undermine	VERB
bjmsr-2511	49	17	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	49	18	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	49	19	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	49	20	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	49	21	elections	election	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	49	22	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	50	1	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	50	2	final	final	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	50	3	section	section	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	50	4	concludes	conclude	VERB
bjmsr-2511	50	5	with	with	ADP
bjmsr-2511	50	6	a	a	DET
bjmsr-2511	50	7	summary	summary	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	50	8	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	50	9	key	key	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	50	10	findings	finding	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	50	11	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	50	12	offers	offer	VERB
bjmsr-2511	50	13	reflections	reflection	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	50	14	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	50	15	recommendations	recommendation	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	50	16	for	for	ADP
bjmsr-2511	50	17	strengthening	strengthen	VERB
bjmsr-2511	50	18	democratic	democratic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	50	19	practices	practice	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	50	20	at	at	ADP
bjmsr-2511	50	21	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	50	22	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	50	23	level	level	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	50	24	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	51	1	literature	literature	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	51	2	review	review	VERB
bjmsr-2511	51	3	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	51	4	defeat	defeat	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	51	5	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	51	6	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	51	7	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	51	8	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	51	9	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	51	10	elections	election	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	51	11	is	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	51	12	a	a	DET
bjmsr-2511	51	13	multidimensional	multidimensional	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	51	14	phenomenon	phenomenon	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	51	15	shaped	shape	VERB
bjmsr-2511	51	16	by	by	ADP
bjmsr-2511	51	17	complex	complex	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	51	18	sociopolitical	sociopolitical	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	51	19	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	51	20	economic	economic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	51	21	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	51	22	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	52	1	understanding	understand	VERB
bjmsr-2511	52	2	this	this	DET
bjmsr-2511	52	3	phenomenon	phenomenon	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	52	4	requires	require	VERB
bjmsr-2511	52	5	examining	examine	VERB
bjmsr-2511	52	6	institutional	institutional	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	52	7	barriers	barrier	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	52	8	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	52	9	elite	elite	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	52	10	domination	domination	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	52	11	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	52	12	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	52	13	clientelism	clientelism	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	52	14	practices	practice	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	52	15	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	52	16	peripheral	peripheral	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	52	17	regions	region	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	52	18	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	53	1	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	53	2	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	53	3	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	53	4	who	who	PRON
bjmsr-2511	53	5	lack	lack	VERB
bjmsr-2511	53	6	support	support	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	53	7	from	from	ADP
bjmsr-2511	53	8	dominant	dominant	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	53	9	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	53	10	parties	party	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	53	11	or	or	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	53	12	elite	elite	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	53	13	patronage	patronage	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	53	14	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	53	15	often	often	ADV
bjmsr-2511	53	16	encounter	encounter	VERB
bjmsr-2511	53	17	administrative	administrative	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	53	18	obstacles	obstacle	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	53	19	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	53	20	limited	limited	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	53	21	access	access	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	53	22	to	to	ADP
bjmsr-2511	53	23	resources	resource	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	53	24	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	53	25	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	53	26	systemic	systemic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	53	27	exclusion	exclusion	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	53	28	from	from	ADP
bjmsr-2511	53	29	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	53	30	networks	network	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	53	31	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	53	32	kamugisha	kamugisha	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	53	33	&	&	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	53	34	swai	swai	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	53	35	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	53	36	2024	2024	NUM
bjmsr-2511	53	37	;	;	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	53	38	gomes	gome	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	53	39	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	53	40	2022	2022	NUM
bjmsr-2511	53	41	;	;	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	53	42	leonard	leonard	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	53	43	hijino	hijino	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	53	44	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	53	45	2021	2021	NUM
bjmsr-2511	53	46	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	53	47	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	54	1	clientelism	clientelism	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	54	2	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	54	3	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	54	4	cartelization	cartelization	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	54	5	are	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	54	6	central	central	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	54	7	themes	theme	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	54	8	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	54	9	explaining	explain	VERB
bjmsr-2511	54	10	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	54	11	marginalization	marginalization	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	54	12	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	54	13	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	54	14	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	54	15	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	55	1	pierskalla	pierskalla	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	55	2	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	55	3	sacks	sack	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	55	4	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	55	5	2020	2020	NUM
bjmsr-2511	55	6	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	55	7	argue	argue	VERB
bjmsr-2511	55	8	that	that	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	55	9	clientelistic	clientelistic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	55	10	recruitment	recruitment	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	55	11	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	55	12	especially	especially	ADV
bjmsr-2511	55	13	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	55	14	public	public	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	55	15	service	service	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	55	16	appointments	appointment	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	55	17	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	55	18	weakens	weaken	VERB
bjmsr-2511	55	19	meritocracy	meritocracy	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	55	20	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	55	21	favors	favor	VERB
bjmsr-2511	55	22	those	those	PRON
bjmsr-2511	55	23	embedded	embed	VERB
bjmsr-2511	55	24	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	55	25	elite	elite	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	55	26	networks	network	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	55	27	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	56	1	similarly	similarly	ADV
bjmsr-2511	56	2	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	56	3	berenschot	berenschot	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	56	4	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	56	5	2020	2020	NUM
bjmsr-2511	56	6	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	56	7	emphasizes	emphasize	VERB
bjmsr-2511	56	8	that	that	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	56	9	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	56	10	elites	elite	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	56	11	consolidate	consolidate	VERB
bjmsr-2511	56	12	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	56	13	through	through	ADP
bjmsr-2511	56	14	patronclient	patronclient	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	56	15	ties	tie	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	56	16	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	56	17	using	use	VERB
bjmsr-2511	56	18	state	state	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	56	19	resources	resource	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	56	20	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	56	21	reward	reward	VERB
bjmsr-2511	56	22	loyalty	loyalty	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	56	23	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	56	24	exclude	exclude	VERB
bjmsr-2511	56	25	challengers	challenger	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	56	26	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	57	1	this	this	DET
bjmsr-2511	57	2	pattern	pattern	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	57	3	has	have	AUX
bjmsr-2511	57	4	been	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	57	5	reinforced	reinforce	VERB
bjmsr-2511	57	6	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	57	7	postdecentralization	postdecentralization	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	57	8	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	57	9	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	57	10	where	where	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	57	11	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	57	12	competition	competition	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	57	13	is	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	57	14	often	often	ADV
bjmsr-2511	57	15	personalized	personalize	VERB
bjmsr-2511	57	16	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	57	17	rooted	root	VERB
bjmsr-2511	57	18	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	57	19	informal	informal	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	57	20	structures	structure	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	57	21	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	57	22	fionna	fionna	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	57	23	&	&	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	57	24	tomsa	tomsa	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	57	25	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	57	26	2020	2020	NUM
bjmsr-2511	57	27	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	57	28	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	58	1	dinarto	dinarto	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	58	2	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	58	3	ng	ng	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	58	4	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	58	5	2021	2021	NUM
bjmsr-2511	58	6	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	58	7	identify	identify	VERB
bjmsr-2511	58	8	that	that	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	58	9	institutional	institutional	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	58	10	requirements	requirement	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	58	11	for	for	ADP
bjmsr-2511	58	12	candidacy	candidacy	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	58	13	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	58	14	such	such	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	58	15	as	as	ADP
bjmsr-2511	58	16	high	high	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	58	17	support	support	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	58	18	thresholds	threshold	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	58	19	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	58	20	bureaucratic	bureaucratic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	58	21	hurdles	hurdle	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	58	22	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	58	23	serve	serve	VERB
bjmsr-2511	58	24	as	as	ADP
bjmsr-2511	58	25	legal	legal	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	58	26	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	58	27	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	58	28	restrict	restrict	VERB
bjmsr-2511	58	29	non	non	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	58	30	-	-	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	58	31	party	party	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	58	32	contenders	contender	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	58	33	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	59	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
bjmsr-2511	59	2	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	59	3	muhtadi	muhtadi	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	59	4	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	59	5	2024	2024	NUM
bjmsr-2511	59	6	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	59	7	outlines	outline	VERB
bjmsr-2511	59	8	how	how	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	59	9	cartel	cartel	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	59	10	politics	politic	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	59	11	privileges	privilege	VERB
bjmsr-2511	59	12	elite	elite	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	59	13	-	-	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	59	14	backed	back	VERB
bjmsr-2511	59	15	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	59	16	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	59	17	creating	create	VERB
bjmsr-2511	59	18	structural	structural	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	59	19	constraints	constraint	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	59	20	for	for	ADP
bjmsr-2511	59	21	outsiders	outsider	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	59	22	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	60	1	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	60	2	this	this	DET
bjmsr-2511	60	3	system	system	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	60	4	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	60	5	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	60	6	parties	party	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	60	7	often	often	ADV
bjmsr-2511	60	8	function	function	VERB
bjmsr-2511	60	9	as	as	ADP
bjmsr-2511	60	10	gatekeepers	gatekeeper	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	60	11	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	60	12	discouraging	discourage	VERB
bjmsr-2511	60	13	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	60	14	emergence	emergence	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	60	15	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	60	16	alternative	alternative	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	60	17	actors	actor	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	60	18	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	61	1	economic	economic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	61	2	patronage	patronage	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	61	3	further	far	ADV
bjmsr-2511	61	4	limits	limit	VERB
bjmsr-2511	61	5	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	61	6	viability	viability	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	61	7	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	61	8	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	61	9	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	61	10	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	62	1	contractors	contractor	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	62	2	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	62	3	business	business	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	62	4	elites	elite	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	62	5	fund	fund	VERB
bjmsr-2511	62	6	elite	elite	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	62	7	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	62	8	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	62	9	return	return	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	62	10	for	for	ADP
bjmsr-2511	62	11	preferential	preferential	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	62	12	access	access	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	62	13	to	to	ADP
bjmsr-2511	62	14	public	public	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	62	15	contracts	contract	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	62	16	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	62	17	hidayat	hidayat	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	62	18	et	et	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	62	19	al	al	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	62	20	.	.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	62	21	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	62	22	2024	2024	NUM
bjmsr-2511	62	23	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	62	24	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	63	1	this	this	DET
bjmsr-2511	63	2	patronage	patronage	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	63	3	economy	economy	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	63	4	generates	generate	VERB
bjmsr-2511	63	5	an	an	DET
bjmsr-2511	63	6	unequal	unequal	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	63	7	playing	playing	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	63	8	field	field	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	63	9	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	63	10	especially	especially	ADV
bjmsr-2511	63	11	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	63	12	rural	rural	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	63	13	areas	area	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	63	14	where	where	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	63	15	economic	economic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	63	16	dependency	dependency	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	63	17	on	on	ADP
bjmsr-2511	63	18	elites	elite	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	63	19	is	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	63	20	more	more	ADV
bjmsr-2511	63	21	pronounced	pronounced	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	63	22	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	63	23	noak	noak	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	63	24	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	63	25	2024	2024	NUM
bjmsr-2511	63	26	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	63	27	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	64	1	entrepreneurs	entrepreneur	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	64	2	strategically	strategically	ADV
bjmsr-2511	64	3	align	align	VERB
bjmsr-2511	64	4	with	with	ADP
bjmsr-2511	64	5	dominant	dominant	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	64	6	figures	figure	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	64	7	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	64	8	forming	form	VERB
bjmsr-2511	64	9	mutually	mutually	ADV
bjmsr-2511	64	10	beneficial	beneficial	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	64	11	coalitions	coalition	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	64	12	that	that	PRON
bjmsr-2511	64	13	reinforce	reinforce	VERB
bjmsr-2511	64	14	electoral	electoral	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	64	15	dominance	dominance	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	64	16	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	64	17	forquesato	forquesato	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	64	18	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	64	19	2022	2022	NUM
bjmsr-2511	64	20	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	64	21	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	65	1	socially	socially	ADV
bjmsr-2511	65	2	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	65	3	kinship	kinship	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	65	4	ties	tie	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	65	5	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	65	6	religious	religious	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	65	7	affiliations	affiliation	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	65	8	serve	serve	VERB
bjmsr-2511	65	9	as	as	ADV
bjmsr-2511	65	10	informal	informal	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	65	11	but	but	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	65	12	powerful	powerful	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	65	13	tools	tool	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	65	14	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	65	15	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	65	16	mobilization	mobilization	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	65	17	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	66	1	hicken	hicken	VERB
bjmsr-2511	66	2	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	66	3	tan	tan	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	66	4	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	66	5	2020	2020	NUM
bjmsr-2511	66	6	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	66	7	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	66	8	bullivant	bullivant	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	66	9	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	66	10	sadewo	sadewo	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	66	11	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	66	12	2020	2020	NUM
bjmsr-2511	66	13	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	66	14	highlight	highlight	VERB
bjmsr-2511	66	15	how	how	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	66	16	personal	personal	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	66	17	networks	network	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	66	18	enable	enable	VERB
bjmsr-2511	66	19	elites	elite	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	66	20	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	66	21	shape	shape	VERB
bjmsr-2511	66	22	electoral	electoral	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	66	23	behavior	behavior	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	66	24	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	66	25	coerce	coerce	VERB
bjmsr-2511	66	26	compliance	compliance	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	66	27	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	67	1	social	social	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	67	2	resources	resource	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	67	3	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	67	4	such	such	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	67	5	as	as	ADP
bjmsr-2511	67	6	access	access	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	67	7	to	to	ADP
bjmsr-2511	67	8	jobs	job	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	67	9	or	or	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	67	10	aid	aid	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	67	11	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	67	12	are	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	67	13	distributed	distribute	VERB
bjmsr-2511	67	14	selectively	selectively	ADV
bjmsr-2511	67	15	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	67	16	ensure	ensure	VERB
bjmsr-2511	67	17	loyalty	loyalty	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	67	18	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	67	19	sabourin	sabourin	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	67	20	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	67	21	2022	2022	NUM
bjmsr-2511	67	22	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	67	23	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	68	1	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	68	2	strongmen	strongman	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	68	3	operate	operate	VERB
bjmsr-2511	68	4	as	as	ADP
bjmsr-2511	68	5	predatory	predatory	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	68	6	brokers	broker	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	68	7	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	68	8	a	a	DET
bjmsr-2511	68	9	concept	concept	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	68	10	rooted	root	VERB
bjmsr-2511	68	11	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	68	12	sidel	sidel	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	68	13	’s	’s	PART
bjmsr-2511	68	14	theory	theory	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	68	15	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	68	16	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	68	17	bossism	bossism	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	68	18	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	68	19	brierley	brierley	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	68	20	&	&	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	68	21	nathan	nathan	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	68	22	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	68	23	2022	2022	NUM
bjmsr-2511	68	24	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	68	25	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	69	1	these	these	DET
bjmsr-2511	69	2	actors	actor	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	69	3	consolidate	consolidate	VERB
bjmsr-2511	69	4	control	control	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	69	5	by	by	ADP
bjmsr-2511	69	6	capturing	capture	VERB
bjmsr-2511	69	7	formal	formal	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	69	8	institutions	institution	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	69	9	while	while	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	69	10	leveraging	leverage	VERB
bjmsr-2511	69	11	informal	informal	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	69	12	networks	network	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	69	13	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	69	14	extend	extend	VERB
bjmsr-2511	69	15	their	their	PRON
bjmsr-2511	69	16	influence	influence	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	69	17	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	69	18	casas	casas	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	69	19	&	&	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	69	20	kselman	kselman	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	69	21	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	69	22	2024	2024	NUM
bjmsr-2511	69	23	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	69	24	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	70	1	they	they	PRON
bjmsr-2511	70	2	stress	stress	VERB
bjmsr-2511	70	3	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	70	4	role	role	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	70	5	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	70	6	intermediaries	intermediary	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	70	7	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	70	8	mobilizing	mobilize	VERB
bjmsr-2511	70	9	support	support	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	70	10	through	through	ADP
bjmsr-2511	70	11	clientelist	clientelist	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	70	12	incentives	incentive	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	70	13	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	70	14	while	while	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	70	15	berenschot	berenschot	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	70	16	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	70	17	2020	2020	NUM
bjmsr-2511	70	18	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	70	19	notes	note	VERB
bjmsr-2511	70	20	that	that	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	70	21	violence	violence	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	70	22	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	70	23	intimidation	intimidation	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	70	24	are	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	70	25	occasionally	occasionally	ADV
bjmsr-2511	70	26	deployed	deploy	VERB
bjmsr-2511	70	27	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	70	28	neutralize	neutralize	VERB
bjmsr-2511	70	29	opposition	opposition	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	70	30	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	71	1	lubis	lubis	AUX
bjmsr-2511	71	2	et	et	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	71	3	al	al	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	71	4	.	.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	71	5	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	71	6	bangladesh	bangladesh	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	71	7	journal	journal	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	71	8	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	71	9	multidisciplinary	multidisciplinary	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	71	10	scientific	scientific	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	71	11	research	research	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	71	12	10(5	10(5	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	71	13	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	71	14	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	71	15	2025	2025	NUM
bjmsr-2511	71	16	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	71	17	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	71	18	12	12	NUM
bjmsr-2511	71	19	-	-	SYM
bjmsr-2511	71	20	19	19	NUM
bjmsr-2511	71	21	14	14	NUM
bjmsr-2511	71	22	research	research	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	71	23	from	from	ADP
bjmsr-2511	71	24	chile	chile	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	71	25	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	71	26	titelman	titelman	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	71	27	&	&	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	71	28	sajuria	sajuria	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	71	29	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	71	30	2024	2024	NUM
bjmsr-2511	71	31	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	71	32	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	71	33	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	71	34	philippines	philippine	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	71	35	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	71	36	aspinall	aspinall	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	71	37	&	&	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	71	38	hicken	hicken	VERB
bjmsr-2511	71	39	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	71	40	2022	2022	NUM
bjmsr-2511	71	41	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	71	42	offers	offer	VERB
bjmsr-2511	71	43	comparative	comparative	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	71	44	insights	insight	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	71	45	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	71	46	showing	show	VERB
bjmsr-2511	71	47	that	that	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	71	48	party	party	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	71	49	-	-	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	71	50	affiliated	affiliate	VERB
bjmsr-2511	71	51	elites	elite	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	71	52	replicate	replicate	VERB
bjmsr-2511	71	53	similar	similar	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	71	54	tactics	tactic	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	71	55	across	across	ADP
bjmsr-2511	71	56	contexts	contexts	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	71	57	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	71	58	suggesting	suggest	VERB
bjmsr-2511	71	59	that	that	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	71	60	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	71	61	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	71	62	structures	structure	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	71	63	are	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	71	64	embedded	embed	VERB
bjmsr-2511	71	65	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	71	66	broader	broad	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	71	67	authoritarian	authoritarian	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	71	68	legacies	legacy	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	71	69	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	72	1	aminuddin	aminuddin	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	72	2	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	72	3	ramadlan	ramadlan	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	72	4	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	72	5	2022	2022	NUM
bjmsr-2511	72	6	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	72	7	describe	describe	VERB
bjmsr-2511	72	8	how	how	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	72	9	indonesian	indonesian	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	72	10	regional	regional	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	72	11	politics	politic	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	72	12	is	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	72	13	characterized	characterize	VERB
bjmsr-2511	72	14	by	by	ADP
bjmsr-2511	72	15	elite	elite	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	72	16	continuity	continuity	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	72	17	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	72	18	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	72	19	institutionalization	institutionalization	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	72	20	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	72	21	clientelistic	clientelistic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	72	22	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	72	23	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	72	24	even	even	ADV
bjmsr-2511	72	25	after	after	ADP
bjmsr-2511	72	26	democratic	democratic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	72	27	reforms	reform	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	72	28	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	73	1	thus	thus	ADV
bjmsr-2511	73	2	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	73	3	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	73	4	literature	literature	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	73	5	converges	converge	VERB
bjmsr-2511	73	6	on	on	ADP
bjmsr-2511	73	7	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	73	8	idea	idea	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	73	9	that	that	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	73	10	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	73	11	defeat	defeat	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	73	12	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	73	13	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	73	14	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	73	15	is	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	73	16	not	not	PART
bjmsr-2511	73	17	solely	solely	ADV
bjmsr-2511	73	18	due	due	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	73	19	to	to	ADP
bjmsr-2511	73	20	voter	voter	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	73	21	preferences	preference	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	73	22	but	but	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	73	23	is	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	73	24	systematically	systematically	ADV
bjmsr-2511	73	25	engineered	engineer	VERB
bjmsr-2511	73	26	through	through	ADP
bjmsr-2511	73	27	elite	elite	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	73	28	domination	domination	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	73	29	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	73	30	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	73	31	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	73	32	economic	economic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	73	33	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	73	34	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	73	35	social	social	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	73	36	resources	resource	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	73	37	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	74	1	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	74	2	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	74	3	are	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	74	4	disadvantaged	disadvantage	VERB
bjmsr-2511	74	5	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	74	6	all	all	DET
bjmsr-2511	74	7	three	three	NUM
bjmsr-2511	74	8	domains	domain	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	74	9	identified	identify	VERB
bjmsr-2511	74	10	by	by	ADP
bjmsr-2511	74	11	weber	weber	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	74	12	’s	’s	PART
bjmsr-2511	74	13	theory	theory	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	74	14	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	74	15	economic	economic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	74	16	capital	capital	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	74	17	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	74	18	social	social	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	74	19	prestige	prestige	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	74	20	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	74	21	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	74	22	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	74	23	authority	authority	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	74	24	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	74	25	higashijima	higashijima	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	74	26	&	&	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	74	27	washida	washida	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	74	28	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	74	29	2024	2024	NUM
bjmsr-2511	74	30	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	74	31	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	75	1	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	75	2	purpose	purpose	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	75	3	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	75	4	this	this	DET
bjmsr-2511	75	5	study	study	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	75	6	is	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	75	7	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	75	8	analyze	analyze	VERB
bjmsr-2511	75	9	how	how	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	75	10	zulkieflimansyah	zulkieflimansyah	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	75	11	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	75	12	a	a	DET
bjmsr-2511	75	13	dominant	dominant	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	75	14	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	75	15	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	75	16	figure	figure	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	75	17	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	75	18	sumbawa	sumbawa	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	75	19	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	75	20	utilizes	utilize	VERB
bjmsr-2511	75	21	formal	formal	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	75	22	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	75	23	informal	informal	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	75	24	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	75	25	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	75	26	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	75	27	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	75	28	sustain	sustain	VERB
bjmsr-2511	75	29	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	75	30	hegemony	hegemony	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	75	31	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	75	32	obstruct	obstruct	VERB
bjmsr-2511	75	33	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	75	34	candidacy	candidacy	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	75	35	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	75	36	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	75	37	challengers	challenger	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	75	38	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	76	1	materials	material	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	76	2	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	76	3	methods	method	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	76	4	design	design	VERB
bjmsr-2511	76	5	this	this	DET
bjmsr-2511	76	6	study	study	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	76	7	employed	employ	VERB
bjmsr-2511	76	8	a	a	DET
bjmsr-2511	76	9	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	76	10	research	research	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	76	11	design	design	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	76	12	using	use	VERB
bjmsr-2511	76	13	a	a	DET
bjmsr-2511	76	14	case	case	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	76	15	study	study	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	76	16	approach	approach	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	76	17	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	76	18	explore	explore	VERB
bjmsr-2511	76	19	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	76	20	defeat	defeat	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	76	21	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	76	22	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	76	23	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	76	24	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	76	25	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	76	26	2020	2020	NUM
bjmsr-2511	76	27	sumbawa	sumbawa	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	76	28	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	76	29	election	election	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	76	30	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	77	1	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	77	2	case	case	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	77	3	study	study	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	77	4	method	method	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	77	5	was	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	77	6	chosen	choose	VERB
bjmsr-2511	77	7	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	77	8	allow	allow	VERB
bjmsr-2511	77	9	an	an	DET
bjmsr-2511	77	10	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	77	11	-	-	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	77	12	depth	depth	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	77	13	understanding	understanding	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	77	14	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	77	15	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	77	16	role	role	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	77	17	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	77	18	strategy	strategy	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	77	19	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	77	20	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	77	21	strongmen	strongman	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	77	22	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	77	23	shaping	shape	VERB
bjmsr-2511	77	24	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	77	25	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	77	26	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	77	27	peripheral	peripheral	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	77	28	regions	region	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	77	29	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	77	30	nugroho	nugroho	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	77	31	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	77	32	2020	2020	NUM
bjmsr-2511	77	33	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	77	34	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	77	35	framework	framework	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	77	36	this	this	DET
bjmsr-2511	77	37	research	research	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	77	38	employed	employ	VERB
bjmsr-2511	77	39	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	77	40	perspective	perspective	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	77	41	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	77	42	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	77	43	defeat	defeat	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	77	44	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	77	45	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	77	46	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	77	47	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	77	48	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	77	49	candidate	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	77	50	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	77	51	by	by	ADP
bjmsr-2511	77	52	adopting	adopt	VERB
bjmsr-2511	77	53	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	77	54	theory	theory	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	77	55	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	77	56	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	77	57	strongman	strongman	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	77	58	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	77	59	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	77	60	theory	theory	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	77	61	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	77	62	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	77	63	bossism	bossism	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	77	64	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	77	65	kristono	kristono	X
bjmsr-2511	77	66	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	77	67	2024	2024	NUM
bjmsr-2511	77	68	;	;	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	77	69	handoko	handoko	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	77	70	et	et	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	77	71	al	al	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	77	72	.	.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	77	73	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	77	74	2020	2020	NUM
bjmsr-2511	77	75	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	77	76	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	78	1	these	these	DET
bjmsr-2511	78	2	frameworks	framework	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	78	3	emphasize	emphasize	VERB
bjmsr-2511	78	4	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	78	5	consolidation	consolidation	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	78	6	through	through	ADP
bjmsr-2511	78	7	formal	formal	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	78	8	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	78	9	informal	informal	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	78	10	institutions	institution	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	78	11	using	use	VERB
bjmsr-2511	78	12	dimensions	dimension	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	78	13	such	such	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	78	14	as	as	ADP
bjmsr-2511	78	15	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	78	16	resources	resource	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	78	17	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	78	18	incentives	incentive	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	78	19	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	78	20	social	social	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	78	21	sanctions	sanction	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	78	22	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	78	23	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	78	24	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	78	25	accomplices	accomplice	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	78	26	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	79	1	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	79	2	strongmen	strongman	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	79	3	are	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	79	4	informal	informal	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	79	5	actors	actor	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	79	6	who	who	PRON
bjmsr-2511	79	7	control	control	VERB
bjmsr-2511	79	8	a	a	DET
bjmsr-2511	79	9	specific	specific	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	79	10	territory	territory	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	79	11	through	through	ADP
bjmsr-2511	79	12	social	social	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	79	13	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	79	14	economic	economic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	79	15	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	79	16	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	79	17	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	79	18	networks	network	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	79	19	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	79	20	maintain	maintain	VERB
bjmsr-2511	79	21	dominance	dominance	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	79	22	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	79	23	influence	influence	VERB
bjmsr-2511	79	24	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	79	25	community	community	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	79	26	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	80	1	data	datum	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	80	2	collection	collection	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	80	3	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	80	4	sources	source	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	80	5	primary	primary	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	80	6	data	datum	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	80	7	were	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	80	8	obtained	obtain	VERB
bjmsr-2511	80	9	through	through	ADP
bjmsr-2511	80	10	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	80	11	-	-	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	80	12	depth	depth	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	80	13	semi	semi	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	80	14	-	-	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	80	15	structured	structured	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	80	16	interviews	interview	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	80	17	with	with	ADP
bjmsr-2511	80	18	11	11	NUM
bjmsr-2511	80	19	purposively	purposively	ADV
bjmsr-2511	80	20	selected	select	VERB
bjmsr-2511	80	21	informants	informant	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	80	22	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	81	1	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	81	2	selection	selection	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	81	3	criteria	criterion	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	81	4	included	include	VERB
bjmsr-2511	81	5	individuals	individual	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	81	6	with	with	ADP
bjmsr-2511	81	7	direct	direct	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	81	8	experience	experience	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	81	9	or	or	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	81	10	insight	insight	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	81	11	into	into	ADP
bjmsr-2511	81	12	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	81	13	2020	2020	NUM
bjmsr-2511	81	14	regional	regional	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	81	15	elections	election	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	81	16	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	81	17	sumbawa	sumbawa	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	81	18	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	82	1	informants	informant	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	82	2	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	82	3	this	this	DET
bjmsr-2511	82	4	study	study	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	82	5	were	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	82	6	selected	select	VERB
bjmsr-2511	82	7	purposively	purposively	ADV
bjmsr-2511	82	8	based	base	VERB
bjmsr-2511	82	9	on	on	ADP
bjmsr-2511	82	10	specific	specific	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	82	11	selection	selection	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	82	12	criteria	criterion	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	82	13	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	82	14	such	such	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	82	15	as	as	ADP
bjmsr-2511	82	16	experience	experience	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	82	17	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	82	18	role	role	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	82	19	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	82	20	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	82	21	relevance	relevance	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	82	22	to	to	ADP
bjmsr-2511	82	23	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	82	24	research	research	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	82	25	topic	topic	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	82	26	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	82	27	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	82	28	ensure	ensure	VERB
bjmsr-2511	82	29	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	82	30	data	datum	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	82	31	collected	collect	VERB
bjmsr-2511	82	32	were	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	82	33	rich	rich	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	82	34	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	82	35	contextual	contextual	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	82	36	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	82	37	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	82	38	meaningful	meaningful	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	82	39	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	82	40	creswell	creswell	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	82	41	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	82	42	2023	2023	NUM
bjmsr-2511	82	43	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	82	44	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	83	1	informants	informant	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	83	2	included	include	VERB
bjmsr-2511	83	3	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	83	4	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	83	5	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	83	6	members	member	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	83	7	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	83	8	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	83	9	parties	party	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	83	10	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	83	11	campaign	campaign	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	83	12	teams	team	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	83	13	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	83	14	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	83	15	journalists	journalist	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	83	16	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	83	17	civil	civil	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	83	18	society	society	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	83	19	actors	actor	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	83	20	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	83	21	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	83	22	academics	academic	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	83	23	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	84	1	interview	interview	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	84	2	questions	question	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	84	3	focused	focus	VERB
bjmsr-2511	84	4	on	on	ADP
bjmsr-2511	84	5	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	84	6	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	84	7	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	84	8	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	84	9	used	use	VERB
bjmsr-2511	84	10	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	84	11	weaken	weaken	VERB
bjmsr-2511	84	12	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	84	13	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	84	14	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	84	15	such	such	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	84	16	as	as	ADP
bjmsr-2511	84	17	access	access	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	84	18	to	to	ADP
bjmsr-2511	84	19	resources	resource	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	84	20	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	84	21	coercive	coercive	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	84	22	strategies	strategy	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	84	23	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	84	24	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	84	25	social	social	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	84	26	networks	network	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	84	27	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	85	1	all	all	DET
bjmsr-2511	85	2	interviews	interview	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	85	3	followed	follow	VERB
bjmsr-2511	85	4	an	an	DET
bjmsr-2511	85	5	ethical	ethical	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	85	6	protocol	protocol	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	85	7	with	with	ADP
bjmsr-2511	85	8	informed	informed	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	85	9	consent	consent	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	85	10	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	85	11	anonymity	anonymity	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	85	12	guaranteed	guarantee	VERB
bjmsr-2511	85	13	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	86	1	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	86	2	interview	interview	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	86	3	guidelines	guideline	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	86	4	were	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	86	5	adapted	adapt	VERB
bjmsr-2511	86	6	from	from	ADP
bjmsr-2511	86	7	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	86	8	creswell	creswell	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	86	9	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	86	10	2023	2023	NUM
bjmsr-2511	86	11	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	86	12	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	86	13	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	86	14	interviews	interview	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	86	15	lasted	last	VERB
bjmsr-2511	86	16	between	between	ADP
bjmsr-2511	86	17	60	60	NUM
bjmsr-2511	86	18	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	86	19	90	90	NUM
bjmsr-2511	86	20	minutes	minute	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	86	21	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	86	22	recorded	record	VERB
bjmsr-2511	86	23	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	86	24	transcribed	transcribe	VERB
bjmsr-2511	86	25	verbatim	verbatim	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	86	26	for	for	ADP
bjmsr-2511	86	27	analysis	analysis	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	86	28	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	87	1	sampling	sample	VERB
bjmsr-2511	87	2	method	method	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	87	3	a	a	DET
bjmsr-2511	87	4	purposive	purposive	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	87	5	sampling	sampling	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	87	6	technique	technique	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	87	7	was	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	87	8	used	use	VERB
bjmsr-2511	87	9	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	87	10	identify	identify	VERB
bjmsr-2511	87	11	informants	informant	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	87	12	with	with	ADP
bjmsr-2511	87	13	critical	critical	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	87	14	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	87	15	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	87	16	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	87	17	election	election	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	87	18	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	87	19	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	88	1	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	88	2	informants	informant	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	88	3	were	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	88	4	selected	select	VERB
bjmsr-2511	88	5	based	base	VERB
bjmsr-2511	88	6	on	on	ADP
bjmsr-2511	88	7	their	their	PRON
bjmsr-2511	88	8	position	position	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	88	9	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	88	10	experience	experience	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	88	11	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	88	12	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	88	13	involvement	involvement	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	88	14	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	88	15	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	88	16	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	88	17	processes	process	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	88	18	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	89	1	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	89	2	sample	sample	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	89	3	size	size	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	89	4	was	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	89	5	considered	consider	VERB
bjmsr-2511	89	6	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	89	7	as	as	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	89	8	data	data	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	89	9	saturation	saturation	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	89	10	was	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	89	11	achieved	achieve	VERB
bjmsr-2511	89	12	after	after	ADP
bjmsr-2511	89	13	11	11	NUM
bjmsr-2511	89	14	interviews	interview	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	89	15	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	90	1	data	datum	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	90	2	validation	validation	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	90	3	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	90	4	triangulation	triangulation	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	90	5	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	90	6	ensure	ensure	VERB
bjmsr-2511	90	7	credibility	credibility	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	90	8	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	90	9	trustworthiness	trustworthiness	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	90	10	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	90	11	data	datum	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	90	12	triangulation	triangulation	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	90	13	was	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	90	14	applied	apply	VERB
bjmsr-2511	90	15	by	by	ADP
bjmsr-2511	90	16	comparing	compare	VERB
bjmsr-2511	90	17	interview	interview	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	90	18	data	datum	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	90	19	across	across	ADP
bjmsr-2511	90	20	different	different	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	90	21	types	type	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	90	22	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	90	23	informants	informant	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	90	24	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	90	25	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
bjmsr-2511	90	26	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	90	27	politicians	politician	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	90	28	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	90	29	media	medium	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	90	30	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	90	31	civil	civil	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	90	32	society	society	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	90	33	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	90	34	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	91	1	researcher	researcher	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	91	2	reflexivity	reflexivity	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	91	3	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	91	4	member	member	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	91	5	checking	checking	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	91	6	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	91	7	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	91	8	peer	peer	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	91	9	debriefing	debriefing	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	91	10	were	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	91	11	also	also	ADV
bjmsr-2511	91	12	conducted	conduct	VERB
bjmsr-2511	91	13	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	91	14	validate	validate	VERB
bjmsr-2511	91	15	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	91	16	findings	finding	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	91	17	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	91	18	creswell	creswell	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	91	19	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	91	20	2023	2023	NUM
bjmsr-2511	91	21	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	91	22	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	92	1	data	datum	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	92	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	92	3	data	datum	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	92	4	were	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	92	5	analyzed	analyze	VERB
bjmsr-2511	92	6	using	use	VERB
bjmsr-2511	92	7	nvivo	nvivo	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	92	8	12	12	NUM
bjmsr-2511	92	9	pro	pro	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	92	10	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	92	11	analysis	analysis	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	92	12	software	software	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	92	13	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	93	1	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	93	2	process	process	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	93	3	followed	follow	VERB
bjmsr-2511	93	4	three	three	NUM
bjmsr-2511	93	5	stages	stage	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	93	6	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	93	7	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	93	8	1	1	X
bjmsr-2511	93	9	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	93	10	data	datum	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	93	11	reduction	reduction	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	93	12	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	93	13	coding	coding	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	93	14	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	93	15	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	93	16	condensing	condense	VERB
bjmsr-2511	93	17	raw	raw	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	93	18	data	datum	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	93	19	into	into	ADP
bjmsr-2511	93	20	meaningful	meaningful	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	93	21	units	unit	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	93	22	using	use	VERB
bjmsr-2511	93	23	inductive	inductive	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	93	24	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	93	25	deductive	deductive	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	93	26	coding	coding	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	93	27	based	base	VERB
bjmsr-2511	93	28	on	on	ADP
bjmsr-2511	93	29	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	93	30	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	93	31	framework	framework	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	93	32	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	94	1	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	94	2	2	2	X
bjmsr-2511	94	3	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	94	4	data	datum	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	94	5	display	display	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	94	6	–	–	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	94	7	presenting	present	VERB
bjmsr-2511	94	8	themes	theme	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	94	9	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	94	10	sub	sub	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	94	11	-	-	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	94	12	themes	theme	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	94	13	using	use	VERB
bjmsr-2511	94	14	tables	table	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	94	15	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	94	16	narrative	narrative	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	94	17	matrices	matrix	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	94	18	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	94	19	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	94	20	visual	visual	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	94	21	diagrams	diagram	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	94	22	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	94	23	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
bjmsr-2511	94	24	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	94	25	word	word	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	94	26	cloud	cloud	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	94	27	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	94	28	hierarchy	hierarchy	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	94	29	charts	chart	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	94	30	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	94	31	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	94	32	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	94	33	3	3	X
bjmsr-2511	94	34	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	94	35	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	94	36	drawing	drawing	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	94	37	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	94	38	verification	verification	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	94	39	–	–	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	94	40	identifying	identify	VERB
bjmsr-2511	94	41	recurring	recur	VERB
bjmsr-2511	94	42	patterns	pattern	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	94	43	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	94	44	causal	causal	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	94	45	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	94	46	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	94	47	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	94	48	propositions	proposition	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	94	49	;	;	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	94	50	verified	verify	VERB
bjmsr-2511	94	51	through	through	ADP
bjmsr-2511	94	52	researcher	researcher	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	94	53	discussions	discussion	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	94	54	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	94	55	audit	audit	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	94	56	trails	trail	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	94	57	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	95	1	results	result	VERB
bjmsr-2511	95	2	this	this	DET
bjmsr-2511	95	3	study	study	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	95	4	found	find	VERB
bjmsr-2511	95	5	that	that	DET
bjmsr-2511	95	6	zulkieflimansyah	zulkieflimansyah	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	95	7	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	95	8	as	as	ADP
bjmsr-2511	95	9	a	a	DET
bjmsr-2511	95	10	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	95	11	strongman	strongman	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	95	12	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	95	13	exercises	exercise	VERB
bjmsr-2511	95	14	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	95	15	through	through	ADP
bjmsr-2511	95	16	multiple	multiple	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	95	17	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	95	18	interconnected	interconnected	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	95	19	strategies	strategy	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	95	20	that	that	PRON
bjmsr-2511	95	21	span	span	VERB
bjmsr-2511	95	22	formal	formal	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	95	23	institutions	institution	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	95	24	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	95	25	informal	informal	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	95	26	networks	network	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	95	27	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	96	1	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	96	2	defeat	defeat	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	96	3	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	96	4	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	96	5	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	96	6	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	96	7	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	96	8	2020	2020	NUM
bjmsr-2511	96	9	sumbawa	sumbawa	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	96	10	regional	regional	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	96	11	election	election	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	96	12	was	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	96	13	not	not	PART
bjmsr-2511	96	14	merely	merely	ADV
bjmsr-2511	96	15	electoral	electoral	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	96	16	but	but	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	96	17	structural	structural	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	96	18	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	96	19	orchestrated	orchestrate	VERB
bjmsr-2511	96	20	through	through	ADP
bjmsr-2511	96	21	deliberate	deliberate	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	96	22	domination	domination	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	96	23	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	96	24	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	96	25	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	96	26	social	social	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	96	27	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	96	28	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	96	29	economic	economic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	96	30	spheres	sphere	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	96	31	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	97	1	participant	participant	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	97	2	demographic	demographic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	97	3	information	information	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	4	table	table	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	5	1	1	NUM
bjmsr-2511	97	6	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	97	7	participant	participant	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	97	8	demographic	demographic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	97	9	information	information	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	10	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	97	11	n=11	n=11	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	12	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	97	13	coding	code	VERB
bjmsr-2511	97	14	position	position	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	15	age	age	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	16	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	97	17	years	year	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	18	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	97	19	education	education	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	20	length	length	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	21	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	97	22	service	service	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	23	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	97	24	years	year	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	25	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	97	26	p1	p1	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	97	27	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	97	28	party	party	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	29	48	48	NUM
bjmsr-2511	97	30	s2	s2	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	31	5	5	NUM
bjmsr-2511	97	32	p2	p2	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	33	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	97	34	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	35	58	58	NUM
bjmsr-2511	97	36	s1	s1	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	37	2	2	NUM
bjmsr-2511	97	38	lubis	lubi	VERB
bjmsr-2511	97	39	et	et	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	97	40	al	al	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	97	41	.	.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	97	42	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	97	43	bangladesh	bangladesh	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	97	44	journal	journal	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	45	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	97	46	multidisciplinary	multidisciplinary	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	97	47	scientific	scientific	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	97	48	research	research	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	49	10(5	10(5	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	50	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	97	51	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	97	52	2025	2025	NUM
bjmsr-2511	97	53	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	97	54	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	97	55	12	12	NUM
bjmsr-2511	97	56	-	-	SYM
bjmsr-2511	97	57	19	19	NUM
bjmsr-2511	97	58	15	15	NUM
bjmsr-2511	97	59	p3	p3	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	97	60	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	97	61	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	62	50	50	NUM
bjmsr-2511	97	63	s1	s1	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	64	2	2	NUM
bjmsr-2511	97	65	p4	p4	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	97	66	success	success	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	67	team	team	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	68	57	57	NUM
bjmsr-2511	97	69	s1	s1	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	70	10	10	NUM
bjmsr-2511	97	71	p5	p5	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	97	72	academics	academic	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	73	45	45	NUM
bjmsr-2511	97	74	s3	s3	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	97	75	7	7	NUM
bjmsr-2511	97	76	p6	p6	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	77	journalist	journalist	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	78	42	42	NUM
bjmsr-2511	97	79	s1	s1	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	97	80	9	9	NUM
bjmsr-2511	97	81	p7	p7	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	97	82	academics	academic	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	83	46	46	NUM
bjmsr-2511	97	84	s2	s2	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	85	5	5	NUM
bjmsr-2511	97	86	p8	p8	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	97	87	member	member	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	88	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	97	89	a	a	DET
bjmsr-2511	97	90	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	97	91	party	party	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	92	37	37	NUM
bjmsr-2511	97	93	s2	s2	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	94	10	10	NUM
bjmsr-2511	97	95	p9	p9	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	97	96	member	member	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	97	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	97	98	a	a	DET
bjmsr-2511	97	99	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	97	100	party	party	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	101	40	40	NUM
bjmsr-2511	97	102	s2	s2	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	103	10	10	NUM
bjmsr-2511	97	104	p10	p10	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	105	success	success	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	106	team	team	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	107	43	43	NUM
bjmsr-2511	97	108	s1	s1	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	109	5	5	NUM
bjmsr-2511	97	110	p11	p11	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	97	111	success	success	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	112	team	team	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	113	55	55	NUM
bjmsr-2511	97	114	s1	s1	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	115	5	5	NUM
bjmsr-2511	97	116	source	source	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	117	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	97	118	primary	primary	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	97	119	research	research	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	120	data	datum	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	121	source	source	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	122	table	table	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	123	1	1	NUM
bjmsr-2511	97	124	shows	show	VERB
bjmsr-2511	97	125	a	a	DET
bjmsr-2511	97	126	total	total	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	127	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	97	128	11	11	NUM
bjmsr-2511	97	129	informants	informant	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	130	participated	participate	VERB
bjmsr-2511	97	131	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	97	132	including	include	VERB
bjmsr-2511	97	133	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	97	134	party	party	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	135	members	member	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	136	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	97	137	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	97	138	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	139	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	97	140	campaign	campaign	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	141	team	team	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	142	members	member	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	143	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	97	144	academics	academic	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	145	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	97	146	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	97	147	journalists	journalist	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	97	148	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	98	1	their	their	PRON
bjmsr-2511	98	2	ages	age	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	98	3	ranged	range	VERB
bjmsr-2511	98	4	from	from	ADP
bjmsr-2511	98	5	37	37	NUM
bjmsr-2511	98	6	to	to	ADP
bjmsr-2511	98	7	58	58	NUM
bjmsr-2511	98	8	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	98	9	with	with	ADP
bjmsr-2511	98	10	educational	educational	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	98	11	backgrounds	background	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	98	12	from	from	ADP
bjmsr-2511	98	13	bachelor	bachelor	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	98	14	's	'	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	98	15	to	to	ADP
bjmsr-2511	98	16	doctoral	doctoral	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	98	17	degrees	degree	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	98	18	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	98	19	service	service	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	98	20	lengths	length	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	98	21	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	98	22	2–10	2–10	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	98	23	years	year	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	98	24	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	99	1	notably	notably	ADV
bjmsr-2511	99	2	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	99	3	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	99	4	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	99	5	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	99	6	were	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	99	7	among	among	ADP
bjmsr-2511	99	8	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	99	9	oldest	old	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	99	10	but	but	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	99	11	had	have	VERB
bjmsr-2511	99	12	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	99	13	least	least	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	99	14	tenure	tenure	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	99	15	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	99	16	reflecting	reflect	VERB
bjmsr-2511	99	17	their	their	PRON
bjmsr-2511	99	18	marginal	marginal	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	99	19	position	position	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	99	20	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	99	21	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	99	22	experience	experience	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	99	23	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	100	1	conversely	conversely	ADV
bjmsr-2511	100	2	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	100	3	actors	actor	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	100	4	from	from	ADP
bjmsr-2511	100	5	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	100	6	parties	party	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	100	7	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	100	8	campaign	campaign	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	100	9	teams	team	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	100	10	had	have	VERB
bjmsr-2511	100	11	longer	long	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	100	12	experience	experience	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	100	13	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	100	14	underscoring	underscore	VERB
bjmsr-2511	100	15	their	their	PRON
bjmsr-2511	100	16	deeper	deep	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	100	17	entrenchment	entrenchment	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	100	18	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	100	19	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	100	20	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	100	21	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	100	22	structure	structure	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	100	23	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	101	1	wordcloud	wordcloud	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	101	2	defeat	defeat	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	101	3	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	101	4	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	101	5	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	101	6	figure	figure	VERB
bjmsr-2511	101	7	1	1	NUM
bjmsr-2511	101	8	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	102	1	word	word	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	102	2	cloud	cloud	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	102	3	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	102	4	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	102	5	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	102	6	candidate	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	102	7	's	's	PART
bjmsr-2511	102	8	defeat	defeat	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	102	9	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	102	10	showing	show	VERB
bjmsr-2511	102	11	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	102	12	dominance	dominance	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	102	13	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	102	14	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	102	15	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	102	16	social	social	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	102	17	terms	term	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	102	18	source	source	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	102	19	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	102	20	primary	primary	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	102	21	research	research	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	102	22	data	datum	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	102	23	source	source	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	102	24	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	102	25	word	word	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	102	26	cloud	cloud	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	102	27	analysis	analysis	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	102	28	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	102	29	figure	figure	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	102	30	1	1	NUM
bjmsr-2511	102	31	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	102	32	visually	visually	ADV
bjmsr-2511	102	33	captures	capture	VERB
bjmsr-2511	102	34	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	102	35	thematic	thematic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	102	36	dominance	dominance	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	102	37	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	102	38	terms	term	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	102	39	such	such	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	102	40	as	as	ADP
bjmsr-2511	102	41	“	"	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	102	42	politics	politic	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	102	43	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	102	44	”	"	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	102	45	“	"	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	102	46	community	community	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	102	47	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	102	48	”	"	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	102	49	“	"	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	102	50	party	party	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	102	51	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	102	52	”	"	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	102	53	“	"	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	102	54	regent	regent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	102	55	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	102	56	”	"	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	102	57	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	102	58	“	"	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	102	59	candidate	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	102	60	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	102	61	”	"	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	103	1	these	these	DET
bjmsr-2511	103	2	terms	term	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	103	3	indicate	indicate	VERB
bjmsr-2511	103	4	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	103	5	centrality	centrality	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	103	6	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	103	7	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	103	8	discourse	discourse	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	103	9	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	103	10	with	with	ADP
bjmsr-2511	103	11	"	"	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	103	12	zulkieflimansyah	zulkieflimansyah	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	103	13	"	"	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	103	14	specifically	specifically	ADV
bjmsr-2511	103	15	appearing	appear	VERB
bjmsr-2511	103	16	as	as	ADP
bjmsr-2511	103	17	a	a	DET
bjmsr-2511	103	18	key	key	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	103	19	node	node	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	103	20	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	104	1	terms	term	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	104	2	such	such	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	104	3	as	as	ADP
bjmsr-2511	104	4	"	"	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	104	5	friend	friend	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	104	6	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	104	7	"	"	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	104	8	"	"	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	104	9	family	family	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	104	10	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	104	11	"	"	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	104	12	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	104	13	"	"	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	104	14	relationship	relationship	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	104	15	"	"	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	104	16	suggest	suggest	VERB
bjmsr-2511	104	17	that	that	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	104	18	personal	personal	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	104	19	ties	tie	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	104	20	are	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	104	21	crucial	crucial	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	104	22	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	104	23	shaping	shape	VERB
bjmsr-2511	104	24	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	104	25	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	104	26	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	105	1	words	word	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	105	2	like	like	ADP
bjmsr-2511	105	3	"	"	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	105	4	bureaucracy	bureaucracy	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	105	5	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	105	6	"	"	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	105	7	"	"	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	105	8	project	project	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	105	9	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	105	10	"	"	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	105	11	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	105	12	"	"	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	105	13	contractor	contractor	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	105	14	"	"	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	105	15	point	point	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	105	16	to	to	ADP
bjmsr-2511	105	17	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	105	18	economic	economic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	105	19	undercurrents	undercurrent	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	105	20	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	105	21	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	105	22	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	105	23	while	while	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	105	24	“	"	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	105	25	manipulative	manipulative	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	105	26	”	"	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	105	27	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	105	28	“	"	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	105	29	influence	influence	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	105	30	”	"	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	105	31	reflect	reflect	VERB
bjmsr-2511	105	32	perceptions	perception	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	105	33	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	105	34	coercive	coercive	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	105	35	or	or	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	105	36	transactional	transactional	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	105	37	politics	politic	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	105	38	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	106	1	synthesis	synthesis	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	2	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	106	3	data	datum	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	4	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	106	5	thema	thema	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	6	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	106	7	sub	sub	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	8	thema	thema	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	9	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	106	10	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	106	11	coding	code	VERB
bjmsr-2511	106	12	table	table	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	13	2	2	NUM
bjmsr-2511	106	14	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	106	15	synthesis	synthesis	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	16	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	106	17	data	datum	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	18	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	106	19	thema	thema	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	20	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	106	21	sub	sub	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	22	thema	thema	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	23	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	106	24	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	106	25	coding	code	VERB
bjmsr-2511	106	26	theme	theme	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	27	sub	sub	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	106	28	-	-	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	106	29	theme	theme	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	106	30	coding	code	VERB
bjmsr-2511	106	31	sources	source	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	32	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	106	33	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	34	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	106	35	networks	network	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	36	positions	position	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	37	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	106	38	regional	regional	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	106	39	expansion	expansion	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	40	figures	figure	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	41	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	106	42	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	106	43	figures	figure	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	44	social	social	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	106	45	networks	network	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	46	friends	friend	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	47	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	106	48	religious	religious	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	106	49	figures	figure	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	50	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	106	51	relatives	relative	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	52	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	106	53	horse	horse	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	54	racing	race	VERB
bjmsr-2511	106	55	hobby	hobby	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	56	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	106	57	trust	trust	VERB
bjmsr-2511	106	58	economic	economic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	106	59	networks	network	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	60	entrepreneurs	entrepreneur	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	61	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	106	62	contractors	contractor	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	63	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	106	64	businesses	business	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	65	funding	fund	VERB
bjmsr-2511	106	66	money	money	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	67	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	68	operatives	operative	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	69	direct	direct	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	106	70	actions	action	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	71	violent	violent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	106	72	actions	action	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	73	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	106	74	intimidation	intimidation	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	75	actions	action	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	76	incentives	incentive	VERB
bjmsr-2511	106	77	economic	economic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	106	78	&	&	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	106	79	social	social	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	106	80	incentives	incentive	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	81	jobs	job	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	82	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	106	83	material	material	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	84	aid	aid	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	85	/	/	SYM
bjmsr-2511	106	86	assistance	assistance	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	87	social	social	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	106	88	sanctions	sanction	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	89	reprimanding	reprimand	VERB
bjmsr-2511	106	90	actions	action	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	91	social	social	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	106	92	sanctions	sanction	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	93	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	106	94	reprimands	reprimand	VERB
bjmsr-2511	106	95	source	source	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	96	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	106	97	primary	primary	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	106	98	research	research	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	99	data	datum	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	100	source	source	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	101	table	table	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	106	102	2	2	NUM
bjmsr-2511	106	103	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	107	1	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	107	2	study	study	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	107	3	reveals	reveal	VERB
bjmsr-2511	107	4	that	that	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	107	5	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	107	6	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	107	7	is	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	107	8	constructed	construct	VERB
bjmsr-2511	107	9	through	through	ADP
bjmsr-2511	107	10	four	four	NUM
bjmsr-2511	107	11	primary	primary	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	107	12	sources	source	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	107	13	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	107	14	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	107	15	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	107	16	social	social	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	107	17	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	107	18	economic	economic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	107	19	networks	network	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	107	20	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	107	21	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	107	22	financial	financial	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	107	23	resources	resource	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	107	24	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	108	1	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	108	2	networks	network	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	108	3	include	include	VERB
bjmsr-2511	108	4	formal	formal	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	108	5	positions	position	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	108	6	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	108	7	influential	influential	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	108	8	figures	figure	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	108	9	who	who	PRON
bjmsr-2511	108	10	occupy	occupy	VERB
bjmsr-2511	108	11	strategic	strategic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	108	12	roles	role	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	108	13	within	within	ADP
bjmsr-2511	108	14	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	108	15	government	government	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	108	16	structures	structure	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	108	17	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	109	1	social	social	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	109	2	networks	network	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	109	3	involve	involve	VERB
bjmsr-2511	109	4	personal	personal	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	109	5	relationships	relationship	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	109	6	such	such	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	109	7	as	as	ADP
bjmsr-2511	109	8	friends	friend	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	109	9	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	109	10	relatives	relative	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	109	11	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	109	12	religious	religious	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	109	13	leaders	leader	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	109	14	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	109	15	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	109	16	community	community	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	109	17	-	-	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	109	18	based	base	VERB
bjmsr-2511	109	19	groups	group	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	109	20	like	like	ADP
bjmsr-2511	109	21	horse	horse	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	109	22	-	-	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	109	23	racing	race	VERB
bjmsr-2511	109	24	clubs	club	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	109	25	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	109	26	all	all	PRON
bjmsr-2511	109	27	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	109	28	which	which	PRON
bjmsr-2511	109	29	cultivate	cultivate	VERB
bjmsr-2511	109	30	trust	trust	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	109	31	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	109	32	loyalty	loyalty	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	109	33	toward	toward	ADP
bjmsr-2511	109	34	dominant	dominant	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	109	35	actors	actor	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	109	36	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	110	1	economic	economic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	110	2	networks	network	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	110	3	consist	consist	VERB
bjmsr-2511	110	4	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	110	5	contractors	contractor	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	110	6	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	110	7	entrepreneurs	entrepreneur	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	110	8	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	110	9	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	110	10	business	business	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	110	11	entities	entity	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	110	12	that	that	PRON
bjmsr-2511	110	13	financially	financially	ADV
bjmsr-2511	110	14	support	support	VERB
bjmsr-2511	110	15	incumbent	incumbent	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	110	16	lubis	lubi	VERB
bjmsr-2511	110	17	et	et	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	110	18	al	al	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	110	19	.	.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	110	20	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	110	21	bangladesh	bangladesh	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	110	22	journal	journal	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	110	23	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	110	24	multidisciplinary	multidisciplinary	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	110	25	scientific	scientific	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	110	26	research	research	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	110	27	10(5	10(5	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	110	28	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	110	29	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	110	30	2025	2025	NUM
bjmsr-2511	110	31	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	110	32	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	110	33	12	12	NUM
bjmsr-2511	110	34	-	-	SYM
bjmsr-2511	110	35	19	19	NUM
bjmsr-2511	110	36	16	16	NUM
bjmsr-2511	110	37	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	110	38	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	110	39	often	often	ADV
bjmsr-2511	110	40	through	through	ADP
bjmsr-2511	110	41	covert	covert	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	110	42	campaign	campaign	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	110	43	funding	funding	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	110	44	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	111	1	these	these	DET
bjmsr-2511	111	2	networks	network	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	111	3	operate	operate	VERB
bjmsr-2511	111	4	synergistically	synergistically	ADV
bjmsr-2511	111	5	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	111	6	enforced	enforce	VERB
bjmsr-2511	111	7	by	by	ADP
bjmsr-2511	111	8	"	"	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	111	9	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	111	10	accomplices	accomplice	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	111	11	"	"	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	111	12	who	who	PRON
bjmsr-2511	111	13	employ	employ	VERB
bjmsr-2511	111	14	various	various	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	111	15	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	111	16	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	111	17	including	include	VERB
bjmsr-2511	111	18	direct	direct	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	111	19	actions	action	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	111	20	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	111	21	intimidation	intimidation	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	111	22	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	111	23	coercion	coercion	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	111	24	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	111	25	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	111	26	incentives	incentive	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	111	27	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	111	28	job	job	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	111	29	allocation	allocation	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	111	30	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	111	31	material	material	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	111	32	assistance	assistance	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	111	33	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	111	34	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	111	35	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	111	36	social	social	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	111	37	sanctions	sanction	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	111	38	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	111	39	public	public	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	111	40	reprimands	reprimand	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	111	41	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	111	42	exclusion	exclusion	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	111	43	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	111	44	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	112	1	this	this	DET
bjmsr-2511	112	2	interconnected	interconnected	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	112	3	structure	structure	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	112	4	enables	enable	VERB
bjmsr-2511	112	5	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	112	6	systematic	systematic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	112	7	exercise	exercise	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	112	8	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	112	9	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	112	10	through	through	ADP
bjmsr-2511	112	11	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	112	12	mobilization	mobilization	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	112	13	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	112	14	resources	resource	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	112	15	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	112	16	social	social	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	112	17	relations	relation	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	112	18	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	112	19	effectively	effectively	ADV
bjmsr-2511	112	20	creating	create	VERB
bjmsr-2511	112	21	a	a	DET
bjmsr-2511	112	22	closed	closed	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	112	23	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	112	24	exclusive	exclusive	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	112	25	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	112	26	arena	arena	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	112	27	that	that	PRON
bjmsr-2511	112	28	marginalizes	marginalize	VERB
bjmsr-2511	112	29	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	112	30	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	112	31	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	113	1	figure	figure	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	113	2	2	2	NUM
bjmsr-2511	113	3	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	114	1	hierarchy	hierarchy	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	114	2	chart	chart	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	114	3	illustrating	illustrate	VERB
bjmsr-2511	114	4	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	114	5	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	114	6	structure	structure	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	114	7	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	114	8	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	114	9	defeat	defeat	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	114	10	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	114	11	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	114	12	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	114	13	source	source	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	114	14	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	114	15	primary	primary	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	114	16	research	research	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	114	17	data	datum	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	114	18	source	source	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	114	19	as	as	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	114	20	illustrated	illustrate	VERB
bjmsr-2511	114	21	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	114	22	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	114	23	hierarchy	hierarchy	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	114	24	chart	chart	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	114	25	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	114	26	figure	figure	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	114	27	2	2	NUM
bjmsr-2511	114	28	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	114	29	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	114	30	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	114	31	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	114	32	structure	structure	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	114	33	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	114	34	sumbawa	sumbawa	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	114	35	’s	’s	PART
bjmsr-2511	114	36	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	114	37	politics	politic	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	114	38	is	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	114	39	vertically	vertically	ADV
bjmsr-2511	114	40	layered	layer	VERB
bjmsr-2511	114	41	yet	yet	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	114	42	horizontally	horizontally	ADV
bjmsr-2511	114	43	expansive	expansive	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	114	44	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	114	45	allowing	allow	VERB
bjmsr-2511	114	46	influence	influence	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	114	47	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	114	48	permeate	permeate	VERB
bjmsr-2511	114	49	across	across	ADP
bjmsr-2511	114	50	institutions	institution	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	114	51	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	114	52	communities	community	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	114	53	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	115	1	electoral	electoral	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	115	2	dominance	dominance	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	115	3	was	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	115	4	primarily	primarily	ADV
bjmsr-2511	115	5	secured	secure	VERB
bjmsr-2511	115	6	through	through	ADP
bjmsr-2511	115	7	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	115	8	occupation	occupation	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	115	9	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	115	10	strategic	strategic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	115	11	positions	position	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	115	12	within	within	ADP
bjmsr-2511	115	13	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	115	14	networks	network	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	115	15	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	115	16	enabling	enable	VERB
bjmsr-2511	115	17	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	115	18	distribution	distribution	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	115	19	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	115	20	favors	favor	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	115	21	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	115	22	control	control	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	115	23	over	over	ADP
bjmsr-2511	115	24	administrative	administrative	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	115	25	procedures	procedure	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	115	26	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	116	1	social	social	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	116	2	networks	network	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	116	3	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	116	4	particularly	particularly	ADV
bjmsr-2511	116	5	ties	tie	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	116	6	with	with	ADP
bjmsr-2511	116	7	friends	friend	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	116	8	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	116	9	kin	kin	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	116	10	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	116	11	were	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	116	12	systematically	systematically	ADV
bjmsr-2511	116	13	mobilized	mobilize	VERB
bjmsr-2511	116	14	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	116	15	build	build	VERB
bjmsr-2511	116	16	legitimacy	legitimacy	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	116	17	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	116	18	silence	silence	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	116	19	opposition	opposition	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	116	20	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	117	1	incentive	incentive	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	117	2	-	-	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	117	3	based	base	VERB
bjmsr-2511	117	4	strategies	strategy	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	117	5	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	117	6	especially	especially	ADV
bjmsr-2511	117	7	job	job	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	117	8	allocations	allocation	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	117	9	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	117	10	emerged	emerge	VERB
bjmsr-2511	117	11	as	as	ADP
bjmsr-2511	117	12	powerful	powerful	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	117	13	tools	tool	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	117	14	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	117	15	secure	secure	VERB
bjmsr-2511	117	16	loyalty	loyalty	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	117	17	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	117	18	reinforce	reinforce	VERB
bjmsr-2511	117	19	allegiance	allegiance	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	117	20	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	118	1	manipulative	manipulative	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	118	2	practices	practice	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	118	3	such	such	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	118	4	as	as	ADP
bjmsr-2511	118	5	vote	vote	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	118	6	buying	buying	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	118	7	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	118	8	bureaucratic	bureaucratic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	118	9	obstruction	obstruction	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	118	10	became	become	VERB
bjmsr-2511	118	11	routine	routine	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	118	12	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	118	13	widely	widely	ADV
bjmsr-2511	118	14	accepted	accept	VERB
bjmsr-2511	118	15	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	119	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
bjmsr-2511	119	2	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	119	3	sanctions	sanction	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	119	4	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	119	5	social	social	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	119	6	reprimands	reprimand	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	119	7	were	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	119	8	not	not	PART
bjmsr-2511	119	9	simply	simply	ADV
bjmsr-2511	119	10	deterrents	deterrent	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	119	11	but	but	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	119	12	operated	operate	VERB
bjmsr-2511	119	13	as	as	ADP
bjmsr-2511	119	14	deliberate	deliberate	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	119	15	tools	tool	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	119	16	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	119	17	exclusion	exclusion	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	119	18	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	119	19	fostering	foster	VERB
bjmsr-2511	119	20	a	a	DET
bjmsr-2511	119	21	culture	culture	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	119	22	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	119	23	conformity	conformity	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	119	24	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	119	25	dependency	dependency	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	119	26	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	119	27	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	119	28	fear	fear	VERB
bjmsr-2511	119	29	that	that	PRON
bjmsr-2511	119	30	further	far	ADV
bjmsr-2511	119	31	entrenched	entrench	VERB
bjmsr-2511	119	32	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	119	33	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	119	34	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	119	35	dominant	dominant	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	119	36	actors	actor	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	119	37	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	120	1	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	120	2	candidate	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	120	3	defeat	defeat	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	120	4	project	project	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	120	5	map	map	VERB
bjmsr-2511	120	6	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	120	7	conceptual	conceptual	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	120	8	project	project	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	120	9	map	map	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	120	10	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	120	11	figure	figure	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	120	12	3	3	NUM
bjmsr-2511	120	13	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	120	14	consolidates	consolidate	VERB
bjmsr-2511	120	15	how	how	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	120	16	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	120	17	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	120	18	social	social	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	120	19	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	120	20	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	120	21	economic	economic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	120	22	networks	network	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	120	23	form	form	VERB
bjmsr-2511	120	24	an	an	DET
bjmsr-2511	120	25	interlocked	interlocked	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	120	26	mechanism	mechanism	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	120	27	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	120	28	predatory	predatory	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	120	29	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	120	30	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	121	1	contractors	contractor	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	121	2	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	121	3	entrepreneurs	entrepreneur	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	121	4	channel	channel	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	121	5	funds	fund	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	121	6	to	to	ADP
bjmsr-2511	121	7	campaigns	campaign	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	121	8	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	121	9	return	return	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	121	10	for	for	ADP
bjmsr-2511	121	11	future	future	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	121	12	access	access	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	121	13	to	to	ADP
bjmsr-2511	121	14	government	government	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	121	15	contracts	contract	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	121	16	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	121	17	creating	create	VERB
bjmsr-2511	121	18	economic	economic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	121	19	dependency	dependency	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	121	20	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	122	1	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	122	2	actors	actor	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	122	3	leverage	leverage	VERB
bjmsr-2511	122	4	their	their	PRON
bjmsr-2511	122	5	formal	formal	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	122	6	positions	position	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	122	7	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	122	8	orchestrate	orchestrate	VERB
bjmsr-2511	122	9	manipulative	manipulative	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	122	10	strategies	strategy	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	122	11	—	—	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	122	12	often	often	ADV
bjmsr-2511	122	13	disguised	disguise	VERB
bjmsr-2511	122	14	under	under	ADP
bjmsr-2511	122	15	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	122	16	guise	guise	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	122	17	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	122	18	administrative	administrative	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	122	19	norms	norm	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	122	20	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	123	1	social	social	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	123	2	actors	actor	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	123	3	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	123	4	including	include	VERB
bjmsr-2511	123	5	religious	religious	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	123	6	leaders	leader	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	123	7	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	123	8	family	family	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	123	9	members	member	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	123	10	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	123	11	act	act	VERB
bjmsr-2511	123	12	as	as	ADP
bjmsr-2511	123	13	informal	informal	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	123	14	brokers	broker	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	123	15	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	123	16	loyalty	loyalty	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	123	17	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	123	18	behavior	behavior	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	123	19	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	124	1	this	this	DET
bjmsr-2511	124	2	ecosystem	ecosystem	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	124	3	is	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	124	4	held	hold	VERB
bjmsr-2511	124	5	together	together	ADV
bjmsr-2511	124	6	by	by	ADP
bjmsr-2511	124	7	a	a	DET
bjmsr-2511	124	8	system	system	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	124	9	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	124	10	rewards	reward	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	124	11	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	124	12	punishments	punishment	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	124	13	that	that	PRON
bjmsr-2511	124	14	ensures	ensure	VERB
bjmsr-2511	124	15	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	124	16	exclusion	exclusion	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	124	17	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	124	18	outsiders	outsider	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	124	19	—	—	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	124	20	especially	especially	ADV
bjmsr-2511	124	21	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	124	22	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	124	23	who	who	PRON
bjmsr-2511	124	24	lack	lack	VERB
bjmsr-2511	124	25	institutional	institutional	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	124	26	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	124	27	financial	financial	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	124	28	backing	backing	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	124	29	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	125	1	figure	figure	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	125	2	3	3	NUM
bjmsr-2511	125	3	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	125	4	conceptual	conceptual	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	125	5	project	project	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	125	6	map	map	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	125	7	showing	show	VERB
bjmsr-2511	125	8	resource	resource	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	125	9	flows	flow	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	125	10	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	125	11	predatory	predatory	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	125	12	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	125	13	structures	structure	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	125	14	source	source	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	125	15	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	125	16	primary	primary	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	125	17	research	research	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	125	18	data	datum	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	125	19	source	source	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	125	20	lubis	lubi	VERB
bjmsr-2511	125	21	et	et	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	125	22	al	al	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	125	23	.	.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	125	24	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	125	25	bangladesh	bangladesh	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	125	26	journal	journal	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	125	27	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	125	28	multidisciplinary	multidisciplinary	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	125	29	scientific	scientific	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	125	30	research	research	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	125	31	10(5	10(5	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	125	32	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	125	33	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	125	34	2025	2025	NUM
bjmsr-2511	125	35	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	125	36	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	125	37	12	12	NUM
bjmsr-2511	125	38	-	-	SYM
bjmsr-2511	125	39	19	19	NUM
bjmsr-2511	125	40	17	17	NUM
bjmsr-2511	125	41	discussions	discussion	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	125	42	this	this	DET
bjmsr-2511	125	43	study	study	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	125	44	's	's	PART
bjmsr-2511	125	45	findings	finding	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	125	46	provide	provide	VERB
bjmsr-2511	125	47	strong	strong	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	125	48	support	support	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	125	49	for	for	ADP
bjmsr-2511	125	50	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	125	51	primary	primary	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	125	52	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	125	53	that	that	PRON
bjmsr-2511	125	54	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	125	55	strongmen	strongman	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	125	56	structurally	structurally	ADV
bjmsr-2511	125	57	orchestrated	orchestrate	VERB
bjmsr-2511	125	58	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	125	59	defeat	defeat	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	125	60	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	125	61	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	125	62	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	125	63	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	125	64	sumbawa	sumbawa	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	125	65	's	's	PART
bjmsr-2511	125	66	2020	2020	NUM
bjmsr-2511	125	67	regional	regional	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	125	68	election	election	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	125	69	through	through	ADP
bjmsr-2511	125	70	interconnected	interconnected	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	125	71	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	125	72	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	125	73	economic	economic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	125	74	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	125	75	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	125	76	social	social	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	125	77	networks	network	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	125	78	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	126	1	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	126	2	secondary	secondary	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	126	3	hypothesis	hypothesis	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	126	4	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	126	5	which	which	PRON
bjmsr-2511	126	6	posits	posit	VERB
bjmsr-2511	126	7	that	that	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	126	8	these	these	DET
bjmsr-2511	126	9	networks	network	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	126	10	operate	operate	VERB
bjmsr-2511	126	11	through	through	ADP
bjmsr-2511	126	12	coercive	coercive	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	126	13	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	126	14	manipulative	manipulative	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	126	15	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	126	16	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	126	17	clientelistic	clientelistic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	126	18	strategies	strategy	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	126	19	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	126	20	was	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	126	21	also	also	ADV
bjmsr-2511	126	22	supported	support	VERB
bjmsr-2511	126	23	by	by	ADP
bjmsr-2511	126	24	empirical	empirical	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	126	25	data	datum	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	126	26	drawn	draw	VERB
bjmsr-2511	126	27	from	from	ADP
bjmsr-2511	126	28	interviews	interview	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	126	29	with	with	ADP
bjmsr-2511	126	30	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	126	31	actors	actor	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	126	32	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	126	33	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	126	34	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	126	35	journalists	journalist	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	126	36	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	126	37	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	126	38	academics	academic	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	126	39	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	127	1	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	127	2	dominance	dominance	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	127	3	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	127	4	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	127	5	networks	network	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	127	6	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	127	7	particularly	particularly	ADV
bjmsr-2511	127	8	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	127	9	occupation	occupation	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	127	10	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	127	11	strategic	strategic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	127	12	bureaucratic	bureaucratic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	127	13	positions	position	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	127	14	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	127	15	emerged	emerge	VERB
bjmsr-2511	127	16	as	as	ADP
bjmsr-2511	127	17	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	127	18	most	most	ADV
bjmsr-2511	127	19	influential	influential	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	127	20	factor	factor	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	127	21	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	127	22	electoral	electoral	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	127	23	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	127	24	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	128	1	this	this	DET
bjmsr-2511	128	2	finding	finding	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	128	3	is	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	128	4	consistent	consistent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	128	5	with	with	ADP
bjmsr-2511	128	6	berenschot	berenschot	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	128	7	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	128	8	2020	2020	NUM
bjmsr-2511	128	9	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	128	10	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	128	11	who	who	PRON
bjmsr-2511	128	12	highlights	highlight	VERB
bjmsr-2511	128	13	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	128	14	central	central	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	128	15	role	role	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	128	16	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	128	17	incumbents	incumbent	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	128	18	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	128	19	indonesian	indonesian	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	128	20	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	128	21	politics	politic	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	128	22	as	as	ADP
bjmsr-2511	128	23	"	"	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	128	24	brokers	broker	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	128	25	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	128	26	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	128	27	"	"	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	128	28	who	who	PRON
bjmsr-2511	128	29	distribute	distribute	VERB
bjmsr-2511	128	30	patronage	patronage	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	128	31	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	128	32	ensure	ensure	VERB
bjmsr-2511	128	33	loyalty	loyalty	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	128	34	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	129	1	similarly	similarly	ADV
bjmsr-2511	129	2	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	129	3	fossati	fossati	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	129	4	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	129	5	2025	2025	NUM
bjmsr-2511	129	6	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	129	7	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	129	8	noak	noak	X
bjmsr-2511	129	9	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	129	10	2024	2024	NUM
bjmsr-2511	129	11	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	129	12	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	129	13	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	129	14	sari	sari	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	129	15	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	129	16	2024	2024	NUM
bjmsr-2511	129	17	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	129	18	have	have	AUX
bjmsr-2511	129	19	noted	note	VERB
bjmsr-2511	129	20	how	how	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	129	21	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	129	22	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	129	23	frequently	frequently	ADV
bjmsr-2511	129	24	exploit	exploit	VERB
bjmsr-2511	129	25	state	state	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	129	26	resources	resource	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	129	27	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	129	28	offer	offer	VERB
bjmsr-2511	129	29	personalized	personalized	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	129	30	benefits	benefit	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	129	31	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	129	32	which	which	PRON
bjmsr-2511	129	33	are	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	129	34	often	often	ADV
bjmsr-2511	129	35	disguised	disguise	VERB
bjmsr-2511	129	36	as	as	ADP
bjmsr-2511	129	37	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	129	38	or	or	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	129	39	social	social	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	129	40	welfare	welfare	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	129	41	projects	project	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	129	42	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	129	43	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	129	44	exchange	exchange	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	129	45	for	for	ADP
bjmsr-2511	129	46	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	129	47	support	support	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	129	48	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	130	1	this	this	PRON
bjmsr-2511	130	2	confirms	confirm	VERB
bjmsr-2511	130	3	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	130	4	entrenchment	entrenchment	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	130	5	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	130	6	clientelism	clientelism	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	130	7	as	as	ADP
bjmsr-2511	130	8	a	a	DET
bjmsr-2511	130	9	normalized	normalized	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	130	10	feature	feature	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	130	11	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	130	12	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	130	13	mobilization	mobilization	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	130	14	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	130	15	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	130	16	’s	’s	PART
bjmsr-2511	130	17	periphery	periphery	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	130	18	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	130	19	fajri	fajri	VERB
bjmsr-2511	130	20	et	et	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	130	21	al	al	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	130	22	.	.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	130	23	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	130	24	2024	2024	NUM
bjmsr-2511	130	25	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	130	26	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	131	1	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	131	2	influence	influence	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	131	3	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	131	4	economic	economic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	131	5	networks	network	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	131	6	further	far	ADV
bjmsr-2511	131	7	amplifies	amplify	VERB
bjmsr-2511	131	8	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	131	9	role	role	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	131	10	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	131	11	patronage	patronage	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	131	12	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	131	13	reinforcing	reinforce	VERB
bjmsr-2511	131	14	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	131	15	asymmetries	asymmetry	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	131	16	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	132	1	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	132	2	study	study	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	132	3	shows	show	VERB
bjmsr-2511	132	4	that	that	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	132	5	entrepreneurs	entrepreneur	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	132	6	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	132	7	contractors	contractor	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	132	8	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	132	9	reliant	reliant	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	132	10	on	on	ADP
bjmsr-2511	132	11	access	access	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	132	12	to	to	ADP
bjmsr-2511	132	13	public	public	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	132	14	procurement	procurement	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	132	15	channels	channel	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	132	16	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	132	17	campaign	campaign	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	132	18	funds	fund	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	132	19	to	to	ADP
bjmsr-2511	132	20	dominant	dominant	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	132	21	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	132	22	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	132	23	exchange	exchange	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	132	24	for	for	ADP
bjmsr-2511	132	25	project	project	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	132	26	allocations	allocation	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	132	27	post	post	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	132	28	-	-	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	132	29	election	election	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	132	30	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	133	1	this	this	DET
bjmsr-2511	133	2	mirrors	mirror	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	133	3	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	133	4	forquesato	forquesato	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	133	5	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	133	6	2022	2022	NUM
bjmsr-2511	133	7	;	;	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	133	8	sabourin	sabourin	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	133	9	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	133	10	2022	2022	NUM
bjmsr-2511	133	11	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	133	12	observations	observation	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	133	13	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	133	14	latin	latin	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	133	15	america	america	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	133	16	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	133	17	where	where	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	133	18	clientelist	clientelist	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	133	19	ties	tie	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	133	20	between	between	ADP
bjmsr-2511	133	21	business	business	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	133	22	elites	elite	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	133	23	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	133	24	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	133	25	actors	actor	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	133	26	distort	distort	VERB
bjmsr-2511	133	27	fair	fair	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	133	28	competition	competition	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	133	29	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	134	1	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	134	2	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	134	3	context	context	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	134	4	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	134	5	sumbawa	sumbawa	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	134	6	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	134	7	these	these	DET
bjmsr-2511	134	8	relationships	relationship	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	134	9	create	create	VERB
bjmsr-2511	134	10	an	an	DET
bjmsr-2511	134	11	entrenched	entrenched	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	134	12	system	system	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	134	13	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	134	14	economic	economic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	134	15	dependency	dependency	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	134	16	that	that	PRON
bjmsr-2511	134	17	disadvantages	disadvantage	VERB
bjmsr-2511	134	18	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	134	19	lacking	lack	VERB
bjmsr-2511	134	20	such	such	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	134	21	networks	network	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	134	22	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	135	1	social	social	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	135	2	networks	network	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	135	3	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	135	4	including	include	VERB
bjmsr-2511	135	5	kinship	kinship	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	135	6	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	135	7	religious	religious	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	135	8	ties	tie	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	135	9	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	135	10	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	135	11	communal	communal	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	135	12	affiliations	affiliation	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	135	13	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	135	14	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
bjmsr-2511	135	15	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	135	16	horseracing	horserace	VERB
bjmsr-2511	135	17	groups	group	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	135	18	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	135	19	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	135	20	serve	serve	VERB
bjmsr-2511	135	21	as	as	ADP
bjmsr-2511	135	22	informal	informal	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	135	23	mechanisms	mechanism	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	135	24	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	135	25	control	control	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	135	26	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	136	1	these	these	DET
bjmsr-2511	136	2	findings	finding	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	136	3	resonate	resonate	VERB
bjmsr-2511	136	4	with	with	ADP
bjmsr-2511	136	5	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	136	6	hicken	hicken	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	136	7	&	&	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	136	8	tan	tan	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	136	9	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	136	10	2020	2020	NUM
bjmsr-2511	136	11	;	;	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	136	12	bullivant	bullivant	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	136	13	&	&	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	136	14	sadewo	sadewo	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	136	15	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	136	16	2020	2020	NUM
bjmsr-2511	136	17	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	136	18	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	136	19	who	who	PRON
bjmsr-2511	136	20	emphasize	emphasize	VERB
bjmsr-2511	136	21	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	136	22	strategic	strategic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	136	23	deployment	deployment	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	136	24	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	136	25	personal	personal	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	136	26	relationships	relationship	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	136	27	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	136	28	shaping	shape	VERB
bjmsr-2511	136	29	voter	voter	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	136	30	behavior	behavior	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	136	31	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	136	32	loyalty	loyalty	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	136	33	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	137	1	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	137	2	data	datum	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	137	3	suggest	suggest	VERB
bjmsr-2511	137	4	that	that	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	137	5	these	these	DET
bjmsr-2511	137	6	informal	informal	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	137	7	affiliations	affiliation	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	137	8	are	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	137	9	not	not	PART
bjmsr-2511	137	10	merely	merely	ADV
bjmsr-2511	137	11	symbolic	symbolic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	137	12	but	but	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	137	13	play	play	VERB
bjmsr-2511	137	14	a	a	DET
bjmsr-2511	137	15	direct	direct	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	137	16	role	role	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	137	17	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	137	18	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	137	19	exclusion	exclusion	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	137	20	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	137	21	resource	resource	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	137	22	distribution	distribution	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	137	23	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	137	24	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	137	25	public	public	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	137	26	recognition	recognition	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	137	27	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	138	1	this	this	PRON
bjmsr-2511	138	2	reinforces	reinforce	VERB
bjmsr-2511	138	3	previous	previous	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	138	4	studies	study	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	138	5	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	138	6	jusup	jusup	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	138	7	et	et	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	138	8	al	al	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	138	9	.	.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	138	10	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	138	11	2022	2022	NUM
bjmsr-2511	138	12	;	;	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	138	13	fionna	fionna	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	138	14	&	&	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	138	15	tomsa	tomsa	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	138	16	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	138	17	2020	2020	NUM
bjmsr-2511	138	18	;	;	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	138	19	bullivant	bullivant	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	138	20	&	&	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	138	21	sadewo	sadewo	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	138	22	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	138	23	2020	2020	NUM
bjmsr-2511	138	24	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	138	25	that	that	PRON
bjmsr-2511	138	26	describe	describe	VERB
bjmsr-2511	138	27	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	138	28	politics	politic	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	138	29	as	as	ADP
bjmsr-2511	138	30	operating	operate	VERB
bjmsr-2511	138	31	through	through	ADP
bjmsr-2511	138	32	socially	socially	ADV
bjmsr-2511	138	33	embedded	embed	VERB
bjmsr-2511	138	34	systems	system	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	138	35	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	138	36	favoritism	favoritism	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	138	37	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	139	1	crucially	crucially	ADV
bjmsr-2511	139	2	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	139	3	this	this	DET
bjmsr-2511	139	4	research	research	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	139	5	demonstrates	demonstrate	VERB
bjmsr-2511	139	6	how	how	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	139	7	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	139	8	combined	combined	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	139	9	effects	effect	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	139	10	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	139	11	these	these	DET
bjmsr-2511	139	12	three	three	NUM
bjmsr-2511	139	13	networks	network	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	139	14	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	139	15	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	139	16	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	139	17	economic	economic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	139	18	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	139	19	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	139	20	social	social	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	139	21	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	139	22	form	form	VERB
bjmsr-2511	139	23	a	a	DET
bjmsr-2511	139	24	predatory	predatory	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	139	25	ecosystem	ecosystem	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	139	26	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	139	27	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	139	28	maintained	maintain	VERB
bjmsr-2511	139	29	by	by	ADP
bjmsr-2511	139	30	"	"	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	139	31	accomplices	accomplice	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	139	32	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	139	33	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	139	34	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	139	35	"	"	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	140	1	these	these	DET
bjmsr-2511	140	2	actors	actor	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	140	3	use	use	VERB
bjmsr-2511	140	4	coercion	coercion	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	140	5	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	140	6	incentives	incentive	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	140	7	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	140	8	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	140	9	social	social	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	140	10	sanctions	sanction	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	140	11	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	140	12	delegitimize	delegitimize	VERB
bjmsr-2511	140	13	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	140	14	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	140	15	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	141	1	max	max	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	141	2	weber	weber	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	141	3	's	's	PART
bjmsr-2511	141	4	stratification	stratification	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	141	5	theory	theory	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	141	6	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	141	7	higashijima	higashijima	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	141	8	&	&	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	141	9	washida	washida	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	141	10	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	141	11	2024	2024	NUM
bjmsr-2511	141	12	;	;	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	141	13	rocha	rocha	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	141	14	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	141	15	2023	2023	NUM
bjmsr-2511	141	16	;	;	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	141	17	dinarto	dinarto	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	141	18	&	&	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	141	19	ng	ng	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	141	20	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	141	21	2021	2021	NUM
bjmsr-2511	141	22	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	141	23	is	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	141	24	especially	especially	ADV
bjmsr-2511	141	25	relevant	relevant	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	141	26	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	141	27	this	this	DET
bjmsr-2511	141	28	context	context	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	141	29	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	142	1	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	142	2	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	142	3	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	142	4	unlike	unlike	ADP
bjmsr-2511	142	5	those	those	PRON
bjmsr-2511	142	6	affiliated	affiliate	VERB
bjmsr-2511	142	7	with	with	ADP
bjmsr-2511	142	8	dominant	dominant	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	142	9	parties	party	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	142	10	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	142	11	suffer	suffer	VERB
bjmsr-2511	142	12	from	from	ADP
bjmsr-2511	142	13	triple	triple	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	142	14	disadvantage	disadvantage	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	142	15	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	142	16	lack	lack	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	142	17	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	142	18	economic	economic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	142	19	capital	capital	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	142	20	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	142	21	limited	limited	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	142	22	social	social	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	142	23	prestige	prestige	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	142	24	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	142	25	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	142	26	absence	absence	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	142	27	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	142	28	institutional	institutional	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	142	29	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	142	30	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	142	31	making	make	VERB
bjmsr-2511	142	32	them	they	PRON
bjmsr-2511	142	33	structurally	structurally	ADV
bjmsr-2511	142	34	incapable	incapable	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	142	35	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	142	36	competing	compete	VERB
bjmsr-2511	142	37	on	on	ADP
bjmsr-2511	142	38	equal	equal	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	142	39	footing	footing	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	142	40	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	143	1	compared	compare	VERB
bjmsr-2511	143	2	to	to	ADP
bjmsr-2511	143	3	previous	previous	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	143	4	studies	study	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	143	5	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	143	6	this	this	DET
bjmsr-2511	143	7	research	research	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	143	8	contributes	contribute	VERB
bjmsr-2511	143	9	a	a	DET
bjmsr-2511	143	10	novel	novel	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	143	11	analytical	analytical	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	143	12	lens	lens	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	143	13	by	by	ADP
bjmsr-2511	143	14	applying	apply	VERB
bjmsr-2511	143	15	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	143	16	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	143	17	strongman	strongman	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	143	18	theory	theory	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	143	19	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	143	20	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	143	21	specific	specific	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	143	22	context	context	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	143	23	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	143	24	peripheral	peripheral	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	143	25	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	143	26	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	143	27	rather	rather	ADV
bjmsr-2511	143	28	than	than	ADP
bjmsr-2511	143	29	national	national	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	143	30	elections	election	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	143	31	or	or	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	143	32	urban	urban	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	143	33	centers	center	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	143	34	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	144	1	it	it	PRON
bjmsr-2511	144	2	highlights	highlight	VERB
bjmsr-2511	144	3	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	144	4	continuity	continuity	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	144	5	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	144	6	authoritarian	authoritarian	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	144	7	legacies	legacy	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	144	8	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	144	9	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	144	10	politics	politic	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	144	11	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	144	12	underscores	underscore	VERB
bjmsr-2511	144	13	how	how	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	144	14	democratic	democratic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	144	15	institutions	institution	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	144	16	can	can	AUX
bjmsr-2511	144	17	be	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	144	18	captured	capture	VERB
bjmsr-2511	144	19	by	by	ADP
bjmsr-2511	144	20	informal	informal	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	144	21	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	144	22	personalized	personalized	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	144	23	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	144	24	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	145	1	looking	look	VERB
bjmsr-2511	145	2	forward	forward	ADV
bjmsr-2511	145	3	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	145	4	this	this	DET
bjmsr-2511	145	5	study	study	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	145	6	suggests	suggest	VERB
bjmsr-2511	145	7	that	that	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	145	8	reforms	reform	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	145	9	are	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	145	10	urgently	urgently	ADV
bjmsr-2511	145	11	needed	need	VERB
bjmsr-2511	145	12	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	145	13	three	three	NUM
bjmsr-2511	145	14	areas	area	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	145	15	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	145	16	first	first	ADV
bjmsr-2511	145	17	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	145	18	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	145	19	regulation	regulation	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	145	20	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	145	21	campaign	campaign	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	145	22	financing	financing	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	145	23	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	145	24	procurement	procurement	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	145	25	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	145	26	prevent	prevent	VERB
bjmsr-2511	145	27	economic	economic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	145	28	collusion	collusion	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	145	29	;	;	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	145	30	second	second	X
bjmsr-2511	145	31	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	145	32	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	145	33	strengthening	strengthening	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	145	34	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	145	35	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	145	36	institutions	institution	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	145	37	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	145	38	resist	resist	VERB
bjmsr-2511	145	39	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	145	40	manipulation	manipulation	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	145	41	;	;	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	145	42	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	145	43	third	third	ADV
bjmsr-2511	145	44	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	145	45	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	145	46	promotion	promotion	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	145	47	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	145	48	civic	civic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	145	49	education	education	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	145	50	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	145	51	reduce	reduce	VERB
bjmsr-2511	145	52	community	community	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	145	53	dependency	dependency	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	145	54	on	on	ADP
bjmsr-2511	145	55	elite	elite	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	145	56	figures	figure	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	145	57	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	145	58	lipcean	lipcean	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	145	59	&	&	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	145	60	casal	casal	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	145	61	bértoa	bértoa	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	145	62	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	145	63	2024	2024	NUM
bjmsr-2511	145	64	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	145	65	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	146	1	future	future	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	146	2	research	research	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	146	3	should	should	AUX
bjmsr-2511	146	4	consider	consider	VERB
bjmsr-2511	146	5	comparative	comparative	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	146	6	studies	study	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	146	7	across	across	ADP
bjmsr-2511	146	8	other	other	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	146	9	peripheral	peripheral	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	146	10	regions	region	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	146	11	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	146	12	assess	assess	VERB
bjmsr-2511	146	13	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	146	14	generalizability	generalizability	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	146	15	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	146	16	these	these	DET
bjmsr-2511	146	17	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	146	18	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	146	19	examine	examine	VERB
bjmsr-2511	146	20	potential	potential	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	146	21	strategies	strategy	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	146	22	for	for	ADP
bjmsr-2511	146	23	countering	counter	VERB
bjmsr-2511	146	24	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	146	25	entrenchment	entrenchment	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	146	26	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	146	27	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	146	28	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	146	29	oligarchies	oligarchy	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	146	30	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	147	1	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	147	2	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	147	3	primary	primary	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	147	4	purpose	purpose	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	147	5	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	147	6	this	this	DET
bjmsr-2511	147	7	study	study	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	147	8	was	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	147	9	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	147	10	investigate	investigate	VERB
bjmsr-2511	147	11	how	how	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	147	12	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	147	13	strongmen	strongman	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	147	14	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	147	15	peripheral	peripheral	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	147	16	regions	region	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	147	17	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	147	18	specifically	specifically	ADV
bjmsr-2511	147	19	zulkieflimansyah	zulkieflimansyah	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	147	20	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	147	21	sumbawa	sumbawa	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	147	22	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	147	23	strategically	strategically	ADV
bjmsr-2511	147	24	consolidate	consolidate	VERB
bjmsr-2511	147	25	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	147	26	exercise	exercise	VERB
bjmsr-2511	147	27	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	147	28	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	147	29	defeat	defeat	VERB
bjmsr-2511	147	30	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	147	31	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	147	32	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	147	33	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	147	34	elections	election	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	147	35	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	148	1	using	use	VERB
bjmsr-2511	148	2	a	a	DET
bjmsr-2511	148	3	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	148	4	case	case	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	148	5	study	study	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	148	6	approach	approach	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	148	7	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	148	8	this	this	DET
bjmsr-2511	148	9	research	research	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	148	10	collected	collect	VERB
bjmsr-2511	148	11	data	datum	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	148	12	from	from	ADP
bjmsr-2511	148	13	purposively	purposively	ADV
bjmsr-2511	148	14	selected	select	VERB
bjmsr-2511	148	15	informants	informant	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	148	16	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	148	17	uncover	uncover	VERB
bjmsr-2511	148	18	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	148	19	complex	complex	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	148	20	interplay	interplay	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	148	21	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	148	22	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	148	23	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	148	24	economic	economic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	148	25	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	148	26	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	148	27	social	social	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	148	28	networks	network	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	148	29	that	that	PRON
bjmsr-2511	148	30	shape	shape	VERB
bjmsr-2511	148	31	electoral	electoral	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	148	32	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	148	33	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	149	1	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	149	2	findings	finding	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	149	3	reveal	reveal	VERB
bjmsr-2511	149	4	that	that	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	149	5	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	149	6	defeat	defeat	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	149	7	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	149	8	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	149	9	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	149	10	was	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	149	11	not	not	PART
bjmsr-2511	149	12	simply	simply	ADV
bjmsr-2511	149	13	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	149	14	result	result	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	149	15	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	149	16	weak	weak	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	149	17	electoral	electoral	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	149	18	support	support	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	149	19	but	but	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	149	20	stemmed	stem	VERB
bjmsr-2511	149	21	from	from	ADP
bjmsr-2511	149	22	a	a	DET
bjmsr-2511	149	23	structurally	structurally	ADV
bjmsr-2511	149	24	entrenched	entrenched	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	149	25	system	system	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	149	26	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	149	27	domination	domination	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	149	28	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	150	1	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	150	2	strongmen	strongman	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	150	3	secured	secure	VERB
bjmsr-2511	150	4	control	control	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	150	5	over	over	ADP
bjmsr-2511	150	6	strategic	strategic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	150	7	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	150	8	positions	position	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	150	9	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	150	10	enabling	enable	VERB
bjmsr-2511	150	11	them	they	PRON
bjmsr-2511	150	12	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	150	13	manipulate	manipulate	VERB
bjmsr-2511	150	14	bureaucratic	bureaucratic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	150	15	processes	process	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	150	16	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	150	17	distribute	distribute	VERB
bjmsr-2511	150	18	patronage	patronage	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	150	19	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	150	20	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	150	21	influence	influence	VERB
bjmsr-2511	150	22	electoral	electoral	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	150	23	procedures	procedure	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	150	24	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	151	1	social	social	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	151	2	networks	network	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	151	3	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	151	4	including	include	VERB
bjmsr-2511	151	5	kinship	kinship	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	151	6	ties	tie	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	151	7	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	151	8	religious	religious	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	151	9	affiliations	affiliation	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	151	10	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	151	11	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	151	12	community	community	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	151	13	-	-	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	151	14	based	base	VERB
bjmsr-2511	151	15	organizations	organization	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	151	16	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	151	17	were	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	151	18	systematically	systematically	ADV
bjmsr-2511	151	19	mobilized	mobilize	VERB
bjmsr-2511	151	20	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	151	21	legitimize	legitimize	VERB
bjmsr-2511	151	22	their	their	PRON
bjmsr-2511	151	23	dominance	dominance	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	151	24	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	151	25	suppress	suppress	VERB
bjmsr-2511	151	26	opposition	opposition	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	151	27	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	152	1	economic	economic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	152	2	networks	network	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	152	3	comprising	comprise	VERB
bjmsr-2511	152	4	contractors	contractor	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	152	5	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	152	6	entrepreneurs	entrepreneur	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	152	7	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	152	8	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	152	9	business	business	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	152	10	actors	actor	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	152	11	provided	provide	VERB
bjmsr-2511	152	12	essential	essential	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	152	13	financial	financial	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	152	14	backing	backing	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	152	15	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	152	16	exchange	exchange	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	152	17	for	for	ADP
bjmsr-2511	152	18	post	post	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	152	19	-	-	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	152	20	election	election	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	152	21	rewards	reward	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	152	22	such	such	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	152	23	as	as	ADP
bjmsr-2511	152	24	procurement	procurement	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	152	25	contracts	contract	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	152	26	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	153	1	these	these	DET
bjmsr-2511	153	2	interlinked	interlinked	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	153	3	networks	network	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	153	4	operated	operate	VERB
bjmsr-2511	153	5	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	153	6	synergy	synergy	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	153	7	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	153	8	reinforced	reinforce	VERB
bjmsr-2511	153	9	by	by	ADP
bjmsr-2511	153	10	coercive	coercive	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	153	11	measures	measure	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	153	12	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	153	13	incentive	incentive	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	153	14	-	-	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	153	15	based	base	VERB
bjmsr-2511	153	16	strategies	strategy	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	153	17	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	153	18	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	153	19	social	social	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	153	20	sanctions	sanction	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	153	21	that	that	PRON
bjmsr-2511	153	22	marginalized	marginalize	VERB
bjmsr-2511	153	23	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	153	24	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	153	25	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	153	26	limited	limited	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	153	27	fair	fair	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	153	28	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	153	29	competition	competition	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	153	30	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	154	1	this	this	DET
bjmsr-2511	154	2	study	study	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	154	3	makes	make	VERB
bjmsr-2511	154	4	a	a	DET
bjmsr-2511	154	5	unique	unique	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	154	6	contribution	contribution	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	154	7	to	to	ADP
bjmsr-2511	154	8	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	154	9	literature	literature	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	154	10	by	by	ADP
bjmsr-2511	154	11	applying	apply	VERB
bjmsr-2511	154	12	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	154	13	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	154	14	strongman	strongman	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	154	15	theory	theory	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	154	16	within	within	ADP
bjmsr-2511	154	17	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	154	18	underexplored	underexplored	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	154	19	context	context	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	154	20	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	154	21	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	154	22	's	's	PART
bjmsr-2511	154	23	peripheral	peripheral	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	154	24	regions	region	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	154	25	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	154	26	rather	rather	ADV
bjmsr-2511	154	27	than	than	ADP
bjmsr-2511	154	28	focusing	focus	VERB
bjmsr-2511	154	29	on	on	ADP
bjmsr-2511	154	30	national	national	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	154	31	or	or	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	154	32	urban	urban	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	154	33	-	-	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	154	34	level	level	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	154	35	politics	politic	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	154	36	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	155	1	it	it	PRON
bjmsr-2511	155	2	deepens	deepen	VERB
bjmsr-2511	155	3	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	155	4	understanding	understanding	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	155	5	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	155	6	how	how	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	155	7	informal	informal	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	155	8	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	155	9	personalized	personalized	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	155	10	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	155	11	can	can	AUX
bjmsr-2511	155	12	capture	capture	VERB
bjmsr-2511	155	13	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	155	14	manipulate	manipulate	VERB
bjmsr-2511	155	15	formal	formal	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	155	16	democratic	democratic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	155	17	institutions	institution	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	155	18	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	156	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
bjmsr-2511	156	2	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	156	3	it	it	PRON
bjmsr-2511	156	4	highlights	highlight	VERB
bjmsr-2511	156	5	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	156	6	persistence	persistence	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	156	7	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	156	8	authoritarian	authoritarian	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	156	9	legacies	legacy	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	156	10	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	156	11	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	156	12	politics	politic	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	156	13	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	156	14	showing	show	VERB
bjmsr-2511	156	15	how	how	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	156	16	decentralization	decentralization	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	156	17	has	have	AUX
bjmsr-2511	156	18	not	not	PART
bjmsr-2511	156	19	fully	fully	ADV
bjmsr-2511	156	20	dismantled	dismantle	VERB
bjmsr-2511	156	21	entrenched	entrenched	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	156	22	elite	elite	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	156	23	control	control	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	156	24	but	but	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	156	25	has	have	AUX
bjmsr-2511	156	26	instead	instead	ADV
bjmsr-2511	156	27	allowed	allow	VERB
bjmsr-2511	156	28	it	it	PRON
bjmsr-2511	156	29	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	156	30	adapt	adapt	VERB
bjmsr-2511	156	31	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	156	32	thrive	thrive	VERB
bjmsr-2511	156	33	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	156	34	new	new	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	156	35	forms	form	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	156	36	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	157	1	theoretically	theoretically	ADV
bjmsr-2511	157	2	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	157	3	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	157	4	findings	finding	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	157	5	reinforce	reinforce	VERB
bjmsr-2511	157	6	max	max	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	157	7	weber	weber	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	157	8	's	's	PART
bjmsr-2511	157	9	stratification	stratification	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	157	10	framework	framework	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	157	11	by	by	ADP
bjmsr-2511	157	12	demonstrating	demonstrate	VERB
bjmsr-2511	157	13	how	how	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	157	14	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	157	15	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	157	16	face	face	VERB
bjmsr-2511	157	17	a	a	DET
bjmsr-2511	157	18	triple	triple	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	157	19	disadvantage	disadvantage	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	157	20	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	157	21	lacking	lack	VERB
bjmsr-2511	157	22	economic	economic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	157	23	capital	capital	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	157	24	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	157	25	social	social	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	157	26	prestige	prestige	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	157	27	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	157	28	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	157	29	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	157	30	authority	authority	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	157	31	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	157	32	making	make	VERB
bjmsr-2511	157	33	equal	equal	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	157	34	competition	competition	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	157	35	virtually	virtually	ADV
bjmsr-2511	157	36	impossible	impossible	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	157	37	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	158	1	from	from	ADP
bjmsr-2511	158	2	a	a	DET
bjmsr-2511	158	3	policy	policy	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	158	4	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	158	5	practical	practical	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	158	6	perspective	perspective	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	158	7	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	158	8	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	158	9	research	research	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	158	10	underscores	underscore	VERB
bjmsr-2511	158	11	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	158	12	need	need	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	158	13	for	for	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	158	14	targeted	target	VERB
bjmsr-2511	158	15	reforms	reform	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	158	16	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	158	17	strengthen	strengthen	VERB
bjmsr-2511	158	18	democratic	democratic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	158	19	resilience	resilience	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	158	20	at	at	ADP
bjmsr-2511	158	21	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	158	22	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	158	23	level	level	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	158	24	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	159	1	these	these	DET
bjmsr-2511	159	2	reforms	reform	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	159	3	should	should	AUX
bjmsr-2511	159	4	include	include	VERB
bjmsr-2511	159	5	stricter	strict	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	159	6	regulation	regulation	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	159	7	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	159	8	campaign	campaign	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	159	9	financing	financing	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	159	10	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	159	11	greater	great	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	159	12	transparency	transparency	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	159	13	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	159	14	public	public	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	159	15	procurement	procurement	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	159	16	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	159	17	disrupt	disrupt	VERB
bjmsr-2511	159	18	clientelist	clientelist	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	159	19	economic	economic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	159	20	networks	network	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	159	21	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	159	22	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	159	23	institutional	institutional	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	159	24	safeguards	safeguard	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	159	25	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	159	26	prevent	prevent	VERB
bjmsr-2511	159	27	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	159	28	interference	interference	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	159	29	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	159	30	bureaucratic	bureaucratic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	159	31	appointments	appointment	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	159	32	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	160	1	expanding	expand	VERB
bjmsr-2511	160	2	civic	civic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	160	3	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	160	4	education	education	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	160	5	is	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	160	6	also	also	ADV
bjmsr-2511	160	7	essential	essential	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	160	8	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	160	9	reduce	reduce	VERB
bjmsr-2511	160	10	community	community	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	160	11	dependency	dependency	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	160	12	on	on	ADP
bjmsr-2511	160	13	elite	elite	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	160	14	patronage	patronage	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	160	15	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	160	16	foster	foster	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	160	17	grassroots	grassroot	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	160	18	democratic	democratic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	160	19	participation	participation	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	160	20	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	161	1	lubis	lubis	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	161	2	et	et	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	161	3	al	al	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	161	4	.	.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	161	5	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	161	6	bangladesh	bangladesh	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	161	7	journal	journal	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	161	8	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	161	9	multidisciplinary	multidisciplinary	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	161	10	scientific	scientific	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	161	11	research	research	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	161	12	10(5	10(5	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	161	13	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	161	14	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	161	15	2025	2025	NUM
bjmsr-2511	161	16	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	161	17	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	161	18	12	12	NUM
bjmsr-2511	161	19	-	-	SYM
bjmsr-2511	161	20	19	19	NUM
bjmsr-2511	161	21	18	18	NUM
bjmsr-2511	161	22	this	this	DET
bjmsr-2511	161	23	study	study	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	161	24	has	have	VERB
bjmsr-2511	161	25	several	several	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	161	26	limitations	limitation	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	161	27	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	162	1	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	162	2	analysis	analysis	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	162	3	is	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	162	4	based	base	VERB
bjmsr-2511	162	5	on	on	ADP
bjmsr-2511	162	6	a	a	DET
bjmsr-2511	162	7	single	single	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	162	8	case	case	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	162	9	study	study	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	162	10	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	162	11	sumbawa	sumbawa	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	162	12	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	162	13	which	which	PRON
bjmsr-2511	162	14	may	may	AUX
bjmsr-2511	162	15	limit	limit	VERB
bjmsr-2511	162	16	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	162	17	generalizability	generalizability	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	162	18	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	162	19	its	its	PRON
bjmsr-2511	162	20	findings	finding	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	162	21	to	to	ADP
bjmsr-2511	162	22	other	other	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	162	23	contexts	contexts	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	162	24	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	163	1	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	163	2	reliance	reliance	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	163	3	on	on	ADP
bjmsr-2511	163	4	interview	interview	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	163	5	data	datum	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	163	6	introduces	introduce	VERB
bjmsr-2511	163	7	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	163	8	potential	potential	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	163	9	for	for	ADP
bjmsr-2511	163	10	subjective	subjective	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	163	11	bias	bias	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	163	12	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	163	13	although	although	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	163	14	triangulation	triangulation	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	163	15	methods	method	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	163	16	were	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	163	17	used	use	VERB
bjmsr-2511	163	18	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	163	19	enhance	enhance	VERB
bjmsr-2511	163	20	validity	validity	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	163	21	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	164	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
bjmsr-2511	164	2	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	164	3	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	164	4	absence	absence	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	164	5	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	164	6	longitudinal	longitudinal	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	164	7	data	datum	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	164	8	restricts	restrict	VERB
bjmsr-2511	164	9	insights	insight	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	164	10	into	into	ADP
bjmsr-2511	164	11	how	how	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	164	12	these	these	DET
bjmsr-2511	164	13	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	164	14	structures	structure	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	164	15	evolve	evolve	VERB
bjmsr-2511	164	16	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	165	1	future	future	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	165	2	research	research	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	165	3	should	should	AUX
bjmsr-2511	165	4	conduct	conduct	VERB
bjmsr-2511	165	5	comparative	comparative	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	165	6	case	case	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	165	7	studies	study	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	165	8	across	across	ADP
bjmsr-2511	165	9	multiple	multiple	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	165	10	peripheral	peripheral	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	165	11	regions	region	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	165	12	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	165	13	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	165	14	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	165	15	beyond	beyond	ADP
bjmsr-2511	165	16	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	165	17	test	test	VERB
bjmsr-2511	165	18	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	165	19	broader	broad	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	165	20	applicability	applicability	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	165	21	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	165	22	these	these	DET
bjmsr-2511	165	23	findings	finding	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	165	24	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	166	1	further	further	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	166	2	studies	study	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	166	3	could	could	AUX
bjmsr-2511	166	4	also	also	ADV
bjmsr-2511	166	5	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
bjmsr-2511	166	6	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	166	7	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	166	8	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	166	9	anti	anti	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	166	10	-	-	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	166	11	clientelism	clientelism	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	166	12	measures	measure	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	166	13	such	such	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	166	14	as	as	ADP
bjmsr-2511	166	15	participatory	participatory	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	166	16	budgeting	budgeting	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	166	17	or	or	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	166	18	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	166	19	electoral	electoral	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	166	20	monitoring	monitoring	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	166	21	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	166	22	weakening	weaken	VERB
bjmsr-2511	166	23	entrenched	entrenched	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	166	24	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	166	25	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	166	26	networks	network	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	166	27	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	167	1	by	by	ADP
bjmsr-2511	167	2	broadening	broaden	VERB
bjmsr-2511	167	3	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	167	4	scope	scope	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	167	5	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	167	6	employing	employ	VERB
bjmsr-2511	167	7	diverse	diverse	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	167	8	methodologies	methodology	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	167	9	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	167	10	scholars	scholar	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	167	11	can	can	AUX
bjmsr-2511	167	12	develop	develop	VERB
bjmsr-2511	167	13	a	a	DET
bjmsr-2511	167	14	deeper	deep	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	167	15	understanding	understanding	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	167	16	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	167	17	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	167	18	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	167	19	more	more	ADV
bjmsr-2511	167	20	effective	effective	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	167	21	responses	response	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	167	22	to	to	ADP
bjmsr-2511	167	23	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	167	24	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	167	25	resilience	resilience	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	167	26	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	167	27	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	167	28	strongmen	strongman	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	167	29	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	167	30	shaping	shape	VERB
bjmsr-2511	167	31	democratic	democratic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	167	32	outcomes	outcome	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	167	33	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	1	author	author	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	168	2	contribution	contribution	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	168	3	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	4	conceptualization	conceptualization	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	168	5	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	6	l.	l.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	168	7	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	8	b.s	b.s	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	168	9	.	.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	168	10	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	11	k.	k.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	168	12	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	168	13	n.h.s	n.h.s	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	168	14	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	15	;	;	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	16	methodology	methodology	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	168	17	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	18	l.	l.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	168	19	;	;	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	20	software	software	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	168	21	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	22	l.	l.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	168	23	;	;	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	24	validation	validation	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	168	25	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	26	l.	l.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	168	27	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	28	b.s	b.s	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	168	29	.	.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	168	30	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	31	k.	k.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	168	32	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	168	33	n.h.s	n.h.s	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	168	34	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	35	;	;	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	36	formal	formal	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	168	37	analysis	analysis	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	168	38	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	39	l.	l.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	168	40	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	41	b.s	b.s	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	168	42	.	.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	168	43	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	44	k.	k.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	168	45	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	168	46	n.h.s	n.h.s	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	168	47	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	48	;	;	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	49	investigation	investigation	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	168	50	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	51	l.	l.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	168	52	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	53	b.s	b.s	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	168	54	.	.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	168	55	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	56	k.	k.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	168	57	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	168	58	n.h.s	n.h.s	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	168	59	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	60	;	;	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	61	resources	resource	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	168	62	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	63	l.	l.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	168	64	;	;	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	65	data	datum	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	168	66	curation	curation	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	168	67	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	68	l.	l.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	168	69	;	;	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	70	writingoriginal	writingoriginal	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	168	71	draft	draft	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	168	72	preparation	preparation	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	168	73	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	74	l.	l.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	168	75	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	76	b.s	b.s	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	168	77	.	.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	168	78	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	79	k.	k.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	168	80	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	168	81	n.h.s	n.h.s	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	168	82	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	83	;	;	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	84	writingreview	writingreview	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	168	85	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	168	86	editing	editing	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	168	87	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	88	l.	l.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	168	89	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	90	b.s	b.s	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	168	91	.	.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	168	92	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	93	k.	k.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	168	94	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	168	95	n.h.s	n.h.s	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	168	96	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	97	;	;	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	98	visualization	visualization	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	168	99	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	100	l.	l.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	168	101	;	;	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	102	supervision	supervision	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	168	103	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	104	l.	l.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	168	105	;	;	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	106	project	project	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	168	107	administration	administration	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	168	108	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	109	l.	l.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	168	110	;	;	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	111	funding	funding	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	168	112	acquisition	acquisition	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	168	113	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	114	l.	l.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	168	115	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	116	b.s	b.s	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	168	117	.	.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	168	118	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	168	119	k.	k.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	168	120	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	168	121	n.h.s	n.h.s	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	168	122	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	169	1	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	169	2	authors	author	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	169	3	have	have	AUX
bjmsr-2511	169	4	read	read	VERB
bjmsr-2511	169	5	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	169	6	agreed	agree	VERB
bjmsr-2511	169	7	with	with	ADP
bjmsr-2511	169	8	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	169	9	published	publish	VERB
bjmsr-2511	169	10	version	version	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	169	11	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	169	12	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	169	13	manuscript	manuscript	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	169	14	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	170	1	institutional	institutional	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	170	2	review	review	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	170	3	board	board	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	170	4	statement	statement	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	170	5	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	170	6	ethical	ethical	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	170	7	review	review	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	170	8	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	170	9	approval	approval	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	170	10	were	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	170	11	not	not	PART
bjmsr-2511	170	12	required	require	VERB
bjmsr-2511	170	13	for	for	ADP
bjmsr-2511	170	14	this	this	DET
bjmsr-2511	170	15	study	study	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	170	16	as	as	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	170	17	it	it	PRON
bjmsr-2511	170	18	does	do	AUX
bjmsr-2511	170	19	not	not	PART
bjmsr-2511	170	20	involve	involve	VERB
bjmsr-2511	170	21	vulnerable	vulnerable	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	170	22	groups	group	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	170	23	or	or	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	170	24	sensitive	sensitive	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	170	25	issues	issue	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	170	26	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	171	1	funding	funding	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	171	2	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	171	3	this	this	DET
bjmsr-2511	171	4	research	research	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	171	5	is	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	171	6	funded	fund	VERB
bjmsr-2511	171	7	by	by	ADP
bjmsr-2511	171	8	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	171	9	indonesian	indonesian	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	171	10	education	education	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	171	11	scholarship	scholarship	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	171	12	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	172	1	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	172	2	center	center	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	172	3	for	for	ADP
bjmsr-2511	172	4	higher	high	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	172	5	education	education	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	172	6	funding	funding	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	172	7	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	172	8	assessment	assessment	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	172	9	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	172	10	ministry	ministry	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	172	11	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	172	12	education	education	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	172	13	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	172	14	research	research	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	172	15	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	172	16	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	172	17	technology	technology	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	172	18	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	172	19	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	172	20	republic	republic	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	172	21	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	172	22	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	172	23	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	172	24	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	172	25	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	172	26	endowment	endowment	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	172	27	fund	fund	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	172	28	for	for	ADP
bjmsr-2511	172	29	education	education	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	172	30	agency	agency	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	172	31	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	172	32	ministry	ministry	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	172	33	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	172	34	finance	finance	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	172	35	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	172	36	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	172	37	republic	republic	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	172	38	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	172	39	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	172	40	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	172	41	for	for	ADP
bjmsr-2511	172	42	their	their	PRON
bjmsr-2511	172	43	financial	financial	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	172	44	support	support	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	172	45	that	that	PRON
bjmsr-2511	172	46	enabled	enable	VERB
bjmsr-2511	172	47	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	172	48	publication	publication	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	172	49	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	172	50	this	this	DET
bjmsr-2511	172	51	journal	journal	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	172	52	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	172	53	participation	participation	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	172	54	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	172	55	this	this	DET
bjmsr-2511	172	56	international	international	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	172	57	conference	conference	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	172	58	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	173	1	acknowledgments	acknowledgment	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	173	2	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	173	3	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	173	4	author	author	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	173	5	would	would	AUX
bjmsr-2511	173	6	like	like	VERB
bjmsr-2511	173	7	to	to	PART
bjmsr-2511	173	8	thank	thank	VERB
bjmsr-2511	173	9	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	173	10	indonesian	indonesian	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	173	11	education	education	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	173	12	scholarship	scholarship	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	173	13	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	173	14	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	173	15	center	center	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	173	16	for	for	ADP
bjmsr-2511	173	17	higher	high	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	173	18	education	education	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	173	19	funding	funding	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	173	20	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	173	21	assessment	assessment	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	173	22	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	173	23	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	173	24	ministry	ministry	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	173	25	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	173	26	higher	high	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	173	27	education	education	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	173	28	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	173	29	research	research	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	173	30	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	173	31	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	173	32	technology	technology	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	173	33	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	173	34	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	173	35	republic	republic	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	173	36	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	173	37	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	173	38	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	173	39	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	173	40	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	173	41	endowment	endowment	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	173	42	fund	fund	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	173	43	for	for	ADP
bjmsr-2511	173	44	education	education	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	173	45	agency	agency	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	173	46	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	173	47	ministry	ministry	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	173	48	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	173	49	finance	finance	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	173	50	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	173	51	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	173	52	republic	republic	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	173	53	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	173	54	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	173	55	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	173	56	for	for	ADP
bjmsr-2511	173	57	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	173	58	funding	funding	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	173	59	support	support	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	173	60	that	that	PRON
bjmsr-2511	173	61	made	make	VERB
bjmsr-2511	173	62	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	173	63	publication	publication	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	173	64	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	173	65	this	this	DET
bjmsr-2511	173	66	journal	journal	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	173	67	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	173	68	participation	participation	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	173	69	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	173	70	this	this	DET
bjmsr-2511	173	71	international	international	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	173	72	conference	conference	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	173	73	possible	possible	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	173	74	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	174	1	informed	informed	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	174	2	consent	consent	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	174	3	statement	statement	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	174	4	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	174	5	informed	inform	VERB
bjmsr-2511	174	6	consent	consent	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	174	7	was	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	174	8	obtained	obtain	VERB
bjmsr-2511	174	9	from	from	ADP
bjmsr-2511	174	10	all	all	DET
bjmsr-2511	174	11	subjects	subject	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	174	12	involved	involve	VERB
bjmsr-2511	174	13	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	174	14	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	174	15	study	study	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	174	16	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	175	1	data	datum	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	175	2	availability	availability	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	175	3	statement	statement	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	175	4	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	175	5	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	175	6	data	datum	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	175	7	presented	present	VERB
bjmsr-2511	175	8	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	175	9	this	this	DET
bjmsr-2511	175	10	study	study	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	175	11	are	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	175	12	available	available	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	175	13	on	on	ADP
bjmsr-2511	175	14	request	request	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	175	15	from	from	ADP
bjmsr-2511	175	16	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	175	17	corresponding	corresponding	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	175	18	author	author	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	175	19	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	176	1	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	176	2	data	datum	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	176	3	are	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	176	4	not	not	PART
bjmsr-2511	176	5	publicly	publicly	ADV
bjmsr-2511	176	6	available	available	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	176	7	due	due	ADP
bjmsr-2511	176	8	to	to	ADP
bjmsr-2511	176	9	restrictions	restriction	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	176	10	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	177	1	conflicts	conflict	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	177	2	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	177	3	interest	interest	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	177	4	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	177	5	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	177	6	authors	author	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	177	7	declare	declare	VERB
bjmsr-2511	177	8	no	no	DET
bjmsr-2511	177	9	conflict	conflict	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	177	10	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	177	11	interest	interest	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	177	12	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	178	1	references	reference	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	178	2	aminuddin	aminuddin	VERB
bjmsr-2511	178	3	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	178	4	m.	m.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	178	5	f.	f.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	178	6	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	178	7	&	&	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	178	8	ramadlan	ramadlan	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	178	9	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	178	10	m.	m.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	178	11	f.	f.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	178	12	s.	s.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	178	13	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	178	14	2022	2022	NUM
bjmsr-2511	178	15	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	178	16	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	179	1	elite	elite	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	179	2	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	179	3	sub	sub	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	179	4	-	-	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	179	5	national	national	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	179	6	politics	politic	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	179	7	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	179	8	structure	structure	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	179	9	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	179	10	continuation	continuation	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	179	11	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	179	12	postauthoritarian	postauthoritarian	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	179	13	east	east	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	179	14	java	java	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	179	15	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	179	16	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	179	17	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	180	1	politika	politika	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	180	2	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	180	3	jurnal	jurnal	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	180	4	ilmu	ilmu	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	180	5	politik	politik	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	180	6	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	180	7	13(1	13(1	NUM
bjmsr-2511	180	8	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	180	9	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	180	10	1–22	1–22	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	180	11	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	181	1	https://doi.org/10.14710/politika.13.1.2022.1-22	https://doi.org/10.14710/politika.13.1.2022.1-22	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	181	2	aspinall	aspinall	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	181	3	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	181	4	e.	e.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	181	5	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	181	6	&	&	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	181	7	hicken	hicken	VERB
bjmsr-2511	181	8	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	181	9	a.	a.	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	181	10	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	181	11	2022	2022	NUM
bjmsr-2511	181	12	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	181	13	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	182	1	guns	gun	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	182	2	for	for	ADP
bjmsr-2511	182	3	hire	hire	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	182	4	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	182	5	enduring	endure	VERB
bjmsr-2511	182	6	machines	machine	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	182	7	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	182	8	clientelism	clientelism	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	182	9	beyond	beyond	ADP
bjmsr-2511	182	10	parties	party	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	182	11	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	182	12	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	182	13	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	182	14	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	182	15	philippines	philippine	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	182	16	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	183	1	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	183	2	varieties	variety	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	183	3	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	183	4	clientelism	clientelism	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	183	5	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	183	6	pp	pp	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	183	7	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	184	1	137	137	NUM
bjmsr-2511	184	2	-	-	SYM
bjmsr-2511	184	3	156	156	NUM
bjmsr-2511	184	4	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	184	5	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	185	1	routledge	routledge	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	185	2	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	185	3	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
bjmsr-2511	185	4	from	from	ADP
bjmsr-2511	185	5	https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781003352259-8/guns-hire-enduring-machinesclientelism-beyond-parties-indonesia-philippines-edward-aspinall-allen-hicken	https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781003352259-8/guns-hire-enduring-machinesclientelism-beyond-parties-indonesia-philippines-edward-aspinall-allen-hicken	VERB
bjmsr-2511	185	6	berenschot	berenschot	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	185	7	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	185	8	w.	w.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	185	9	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	185	10	2020	2020	NUM
bjmsr-2511	185	11	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	185	12	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	186	1	patterned	pattern	VERB
bjmsr-2511	186	2	pogroms	pogrom	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	186	3	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	186	4	patronage	patronage	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	186	5	networks	network	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	186	6	as	as	ADP
bjmsr-2511	186	7	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	186	8	for	for	ADP
bjmsr-2511	186	9	electoral	electoral	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	186	10	violence	violence	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	186	11	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	186	12	india	india	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	186	13	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	186	14	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	186	15	.	.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	187	1	journal	journal	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	187	2	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	187	3	peace	peace	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	187	4	research	research	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	187	5	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	187	6	57(1	57(1	NUM
bjmsr-2511	187	7	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	187	8	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	187	9	171–184	171–184	NUM
bjmsr-2511	187	10	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	188	1	https://doi.org/10.1177/0022343319889678	https://doi.org/10.1177/0022343319889678	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	188	2	binns	binn	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	188	3	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	188	4	d.	d.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	188	5	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	188	6	2020	2020	NUM
bjmsr-2511	188	7	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	188	8	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	189	1	incumbents	incumbent	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	189	2	with	with	ADP
bjmsr-2511	189	3	attitude	attitude	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	189	4	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	189	5	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	189	6	’s	’s	PART
bjmsr-2511	189	7	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	189	8	elections	election	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	189	9	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	190	1	australian	australian	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	190	2	national	national	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	190	3	university	university	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	190	4	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	191	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
bjmsr-2511	191	2	from	from	ADP
bjmsr-2511	191	3	https://www.newmandala.org/incumbents-with-attitude-in-indonesias-local-elections	https://www.newmandala.org/incumbents-with-attitude-in-indonesias-local-election	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	191	4	brierley	brierley	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	191	5	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	191	6	s.	s.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	191	7	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	191	8	&	&	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	191	9	nathan	nathan	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	191	10	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	191	11	n.	n.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	191	12	l.	l.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	191	13	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	191	14	2022	2022	NUM
bjmsr-2511	191	15	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	191	16	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	192	1	motivating	motivate	VERB
bjmsr-2511	192	2	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	192	3	machine	machine	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	192	4	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	192	5	which	which	PRON
bjmsr-2511	192	6	brokers	broker	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	192	7	do	do	AUX
bjmsr-2511	192	8	parties	party	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	192	9	pay	pay	VERB
bjmsr-2511	192	10	?	?	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	193	1	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	193	2	journal	journal	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	193	3	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	193	4	politics	politic	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	193	5	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	193	6	84(3	84(3	NUM
bjmsr-2511	193	7	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	193	8	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	193	9	1539–1555	1539–1555	NUM
bjmsr-2511	193	10	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	194	1	https://doi.org/10.1086/717185	https://doi.org/10.1086/717185	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	194	2	bullivant	bullivant	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	194	3	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	194	4	s.	s.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	194	5	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	194	6	&	&	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	194	7	sadewo	sadewo	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	194	8	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	194	9	g.	g.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	194	10	r.	r.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	194	11	p.	p.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	194	12	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	194	13	2020	2020	NUM
bjmsr-2511	194	14	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	194	15	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	195	1	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	195	2	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	195	3	preferment	preferment	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	195	4	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	195	5	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	195	6	patronage	patronage	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	195	7	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	195	8	catholic	catholic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	195	9	bishops	bishop	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	195	10	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	195	11	social	social	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	195	12	networks	network	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	195	13	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	195	14	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	195	15	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	195	16	affair(s	affair(s	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	195	17	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	195	18	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	195	19	ex	ex	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	195	20	-	-	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	195	21	cardinal	cardinal	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	195	22	mccarrick	mccarrick	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	195	23	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	196	1	1–38	1–38	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	196	2	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	197	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
bjmsr-2511	197	2	from	from	ADP
bjmsr-2511	197	3	http://arxiv.org/abs/2007.06606	http://arxiv.org/abs/2007.06606	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	197	4	casas	casas	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	197	5	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	197	6	a.	a.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	197	7	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	197	8	&	&	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	197	9	kselman	kselman	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	197	10	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	197	11	d.	d.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	197	12	m.	m.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	197	13	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	197	14	2024	2024	NUM
bjmsr-2511	197	15	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	197	16	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	198	1	incentivizing	incentivize	VERB
bjmsr-2511	198	2	brokers	broker	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	198	3	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	198	4	clientelist	clientelist	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	198	5	parties	party	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	198	6	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	199	1	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	199	2	journal	journal	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	199	3	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	199	4	politics	politic	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	199	5	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	199	6	86(1	86(1	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	199	7	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	199	8	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	199	9	375–382	375–382	NUM
bjmsr-2511	199	10	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	199	11	https://doi.org/10.1086/726931	https://doi.org/10.1086/726931	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	199	12	creswell	creswell	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	199	13	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	199	14	j.	j.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	199	15	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	199	16	2023	2023	NUM
bjmsr-2511	199	17	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	199	18	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	200	1	qualitative	qualitative	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	200	2	inquiry	inquiry	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	200	3	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	200	4	research	research	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	200	5	design	design	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	200	6	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	200	7	choosing	choose	VERB
bjmsr-2511	200	8	among	among	ADP
bjmsr-2511	200	9	five	five	NUM
bjmsr-2511	200	10	approaches	approach	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	200	11	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	201	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
bjmsr-2511	201	2	from	from	ADP
bjmsr-2511	201	3	https://www.repositorio.ciem.ucr.ac.cr/handle/123456789/501	https://www.repositorio.ciem.ucr.ac.cr/handle/123456789/501	DET
bjmsr-2511	201	4	dinarto	dinarto	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	201	5	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	201	6	d.	d.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	201	7	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	201	8	&	&	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	201	9	ng	ng	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	201	10	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	201	11	j.	j.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	201	12	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	201	13	2021	2021	NUM
bjmsr-2511	201	14	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	201	15	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	202	1	characterising	characterise	VERB
bjmsr-2511	202	2	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	202	3	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	202	4	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	202	5	indonesian	indonesian	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	202	6	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	202	7	politics	politic	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	202	8	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	203	1	journal	journal	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	203	2	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	203	3	current	current	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	203	4	southeast	southeast	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	203	5	asian	asian	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	203	6	affairs	affair	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	203	7	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	203	8	40(2	40(2	NUM
bjmsr-2511	203	9	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	203	10	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	203	11	266–292	266–292	NUM
bjmsr-2511	203	12	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	204	1	https://doi.org/10.1177/1868103420972412	https://doi.org/10.1177/1868103420972412	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	204	2	fajri	fajri	VERB
bjmsr-2511	204	3	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	204	4	n.	n.	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	204	5	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	204	6	susilawati	susilawati	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	204	7	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	204	8	n.	n.	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	204	9	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	204	10	helmi	helmi	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	204	11	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	204	12	h.	h.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	204	13	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	204	14	&	&	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	204	15	fajri	fajri	VERB
bjmsr-2511	204	16	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	204	17	r.	r.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	204	18	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	204	19	2024	2024	NUM
bjmsr-2511	204	20	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	204	21	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	205	1	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	205	2	politicization	politicization	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	205	3	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	205	4	aid	aid	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	205	5	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	205	6	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	205	7	electoral	electoral	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	205	8	process	process	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	205	9	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	205	10	banda	banda	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	205	11	aceh	aceh	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	205	12	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	206	1	electronic	electronic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	206	2	journal	journal	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	206	3	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	206	4	education	education	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	206	5	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	206	6	social	social	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	206	7	economics	economic	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	206	8	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	206	9	technology	technology	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	206	10	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	206	11	5(2	5(2	NUM
bjmsr-2511	206	12	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	206	13	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	206	14	79–87	79–87	NUM
bjmsr-2511	206	15	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	207	1	https://doi.org/10.33122/ejeset.v5i2.258	https://doi.org/10.33122/ejeset.v5i2.258	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	207	2	feber	feber	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	207	3	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	207	4	w.	w.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	207	5	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	207	6	&	&	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	207	7	christover	christover	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	207	8	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	207	9	d.	d.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	207	10	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	207	11	2021	2021	NUM
bjmsr-2511	207	12	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	207	13	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	208	1	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	208	2	’s	’s	PART
bjmsr-2511	208	3	socio	socio	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	208	4	-	-	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	208	5	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	208	6	developments	development	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	208	7	during	during	ADP
bjmsr-2511	208	8	jokowi	jokowi	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	208	9	’s	’s	PART
bjmsr-2511	208	10	leadership	leadership	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	208	11	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	209	1	linguistics	linguistic	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	209	2	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	209	3	culture	culture	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	209	4	review	review	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	209	5	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	209	6	5(s1	5(s1	NUM
bjmsr-2511	209	7	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	209	8	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	209	9	1588–1598	1588–1598	NUM
bjmsr-2511	209	10	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	210	1	https://doi.org/10.21744/lingcure.v5ns1.1966	https://doi.org/10.21744/lingcure.v5ns1.1966	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	210	2	fionna	fionna	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	210	3	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	210	4	u.	u.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	210	5	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	210	6	&	&	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	210	7	tomsa	tomsa	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	210	8	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	210	9	d.	d.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	210	10	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	210	11	2020	2020	NUM
bjmsr-2511	210	12	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	210	13	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	211	1	changing	change	VERB
bjmsr-2511	211	2	patterns	pattern	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	211	3	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	211	4	factionalism	factionalism	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	211	5	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	211	6	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	211	7	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	211	8	from	from	ADP
bjmsr-2511	211	9	principle	principle	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	211	10	to	to	ADP
bjmsr-2511	211	11	patronage	patronage	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	211	12	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	212	1	journal	journal	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	212	2	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	212	3	current	current	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	212	4	southeast	southeast	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	212	5	asian	asian	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	212	6	affairs	affair	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	212	7	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	212	8	39(1	39(1	NUM
bjmsr-2511	212	9	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	212	10	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	212	11	39–58	39–58	NUM
bjmsr-2511	212	12	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	213	1	https://doi.org/10.1177/1868103419896904	https://doi.org/10.1177/1868103419896904	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	213	2	forquesato	forquesato	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	213	3	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	213	4	p.	p.	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	213	5	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	213	6	2022	2022	NUM
bjmsr-2511	213	7	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	213	8	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	214	1	who	who	PRON
bjmsr-2511	214	2	benefits	benefit	VERB
bjmsr-2511	214	3	from	from	ADP
bjmsr-2511	214	4	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	214	5	connections	connection	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	214	6	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	214	7	brazilian	brazilian	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	214	8	municipalities	municipality	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	214	9	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	215	1	1–32	1–32	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	215	2	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	216	1	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
bjmsr-2511	216	2	from	from	ADP
bjmsr-2511	216	3	https://arxiv.org/abs/2204.09450v1	https://arxiv.org/abs/2204.09450v1	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	216	4	fossati	fossati	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	216	5	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	216	6	d.	d.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	216	7	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	216	8	2025	2025	NUM
bjmsr-2511	216	9	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	216	10	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	217	1	what	what	PRON
bjmsr-2511	217	2	drives	drive	VERB
bjmsr-2511	217	3	voting	vote	VERB
bjmsr-2511	217	4	behavior	behavior	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	217	5	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	217	6	southeast	southeast	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	217	7	asia	asia	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	217	8	?	?	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	218	1	evidence	evidence	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	218	2	from	from	ADP
bjmsr-2511	218	3	candidate	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	218	4	choice	choice	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	218	5	experiments	experiment	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	218	6	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	218	7	five	five	NUM
bjmsr-2511	218	8	countries	country	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	218	9	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	219	1	journal	journal	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	219	2	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	219	3	current	current	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	219	4	southeast	southeast	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	219	5	asian	asian	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	219	6	affairs	affair	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	219	7	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	220	1	https://doi.org/10.1177/18681034251334253	https://doi.org/10.1177/18681034251334253	X
bjmsr-2511	220	2	gomes	gome	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	220	3	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	220	4	s.	s.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	220	5	a.	a.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	220	6	r.	r.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	220	7	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	220	8	2022	2022	NUM
bjmsr-2511	220	9	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	220	10	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	221	1	candidaturas	candidaturas	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	221	2	avulsas	avulsas	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	221	3	e	e	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	221	4	ação	ação	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	221	5	eleitoral	eleitoral	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	221	6	de	de	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	221	7	oposicionistas	oposicionistas	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	221	8	nos	nos	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	221	9	anos	anos	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	221	10	finais	finais	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	221	11	da	da	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	221	12	primeira	primeira	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	221	13	república	república	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	221	14	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	221	15	as	as	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	221	16	carreiras	carreiras	X
bjmsr-2511	221	17	políticas	políticas	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	221	18	dos	dos	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	221	19	postulantes	postulante	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	221	20	independentes	independente	VERB
bjmsr-2511	221	21	ao	ao	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	221	22	congresso	congresso	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	221	23	legislativo	legislativo	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	221	24	do	do	VERB
bjmsr-2511	221	25	paraná	paraná	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	221	26	em	em	PRON
bjmsr-2511	221	27	1929	1929	NUM
bjmsr-2511	221	28	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	222	1	história	história	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	222	2	unisinos	unisinos	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	222	3	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	222	4	26(3	26(3	NUM
bjmsr-2511	222	5	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	222	6	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	222	7	541–561	541–561	NUM
bjmsr-2511	222	8	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	223	1	https://doi.org/10.4013/hist.2022.263.12	https://doi.org/10.4013/hist.2022.263.12	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	223	2	handoko	handoko	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	223	3	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	223	4	t.	t.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	223	5	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	223	6	darmansyah	darmansyah	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	223	7	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	223	8	r.	r.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	223	9	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	223	10	&	&	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	223	11	syofian	syofian	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	223	12	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	223	13	s.	s.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	223	14	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	223	15	2020	2020	NUM
bjmsr-2511	223	16	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	223	17	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	224	1	fenomena	fenomena	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	224	2	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	224	3	strongman	strongman	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	224	4	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	224	5	studi	studi	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	224	6	kasus	kasus	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	224	7	pengaruh	pengaruh	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	224	8	sukarmis	sukarmis	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	224	9	dalam	dalam	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	224	10	mendukung	mendukung	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	224	11	kemenangan	kemenangan	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	224	12	andi	andi	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	224	13	putra	putra	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	224	14	sebagai	sebagai	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	224	15	dewan	dewan	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	224	16	perwakilan	perwakilan	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	224	17	rakyat	rakyat	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	224	18	daerah	daerah	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	224	19	kuantan	kuantan	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	224	20	singingi	singingi	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	224	21	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	224	22	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	225	1	moderat	moderat	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	225	2	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	225	3	jurnal	jurnal	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	225	4	ilmiah	ilmiah	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	225	5	ilmu	ilmu	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	225	6	pemerintahan	pemerintahan	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	225	7	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	225	8	6(3	6(3	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	225	9	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	225	10	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	225	11	655	655	NUM
bjmsr-2511	225	12	-	-	SYM
bjmsr-2511	225	13	664	664	NUM
bjmsr-2511	225	14	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	225	15	retrieved	retrieve	VERB
bjmsr-2511	225	16	from	from	ADP
bjmsr-2511	225	17	lubis	lubis	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	225	18	et	et	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	225	19	al	al	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	225	20	.	.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	225	21	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	225	22	bangladesh	bangladesh	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	225	23	journal	journal	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	225	24	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	225	25	multidisciplinary	multidisciplinary	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	225	26	scientific	scientific	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	225	27	research	research	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	225	28	10(5	10(5	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	225	29	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	225	30	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	225	31	2025	2025	NUM
bjmsr-2511	225	32	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	225	33	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	225	34	12	12	NUM
bjmsr-2511	225	35	-	-	SYM
bjmsr-2511	225	36	19	19	NUM
bjmsr-2511	225	37	19	19	NUM
bjmsr-2511	225	38	https://jurnal.unigal.ac.id/moderat/article/view/3447	https://jurnal.unigal.ac.id/moderat/article/view/3447	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	225	39	hicken	hicken	VERB
bjmsr-2511	225	40	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	225	41	a.	a.	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	225	42	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	225	43	&	&	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	225	44	tan	tan	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	225	45	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	225	46	n.	n.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	225	47	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	225	48	2020	2020	NUM
bjmsr-2511	225	49	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	225	50	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	226	1	factionalism	factionalism	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	226	2	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	226	3	southeast	southeast	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	226	4	asia	asia	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	226	5	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	226	6	types	type	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	226	7	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	226	8	causes	cause	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	226	9	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	226	10	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	226	11	effects	effect	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	226	12	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	227	1	journal	journal	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	227	2	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	227	3	current	current	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	227	4	southeast	southeast	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	227	5	asian	asian	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	227	6	affairs	affair	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	227	7	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	227	8	39(1	39(1	NUM
bjmsr-2511	227	9	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	227	10	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	227	11	187–204	187–204	NUM
bjmsr-2511	227	12	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	228	1	https://doi.org/10.1177/1868103420925928	https://doi.org/10.1177/1868103420925928	X
bjmsr-2511	229	1	hidayat	hidayat	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	229	2	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	229	3	s.	s.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	229	4	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	229	5	tambunan	tambunan	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	229	6	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	229	7	d.	d.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	229	8	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	229	9	&	&	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	229	10	haning	haning	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	229	11	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	229	12	y.	y.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	229	13	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	229	14	2024	2024	NUM
bjmsr-2511	229	15	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	229	16	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	230	1	unjust	unjust	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	230	2	by	by	ADP
bjmsr-2511	230	3	default	default	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	230	4	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	230	5	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	230	6	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	230	7	economy	economy	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	230	8	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	230	9	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	230	10	’s	’s	PART
bjmsr-2511	230	11	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	230	12	government	government	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	230	13	policy	policy	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	230	14	on	on	ADP
bjmsr-2511	230	15	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	230	16	development	development	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	230	17	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	231	1	asian	asian	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	231	2	journal	journal	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	231	3	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	231	4	comparative	comparative	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	231	5	politics	politic	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	231	6	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	231	7	10(2	10(2	NUM
bjmsr-2511	231	8	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	231	9	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	231	10	152	152	NUM
bjmsr-2511	231	11	-	-	SYM
bjmsr-2511	231	12	170	170	NUM
bjmsr-2511	231	13	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	232	1	https://doi.org/10.1177/20578911241260442	https://doi.org/10.1177/20578911241260442	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	232	2	higashijima	higashijima	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	232	3	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	232	4	m.	m.	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	232	5	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	232	6	&	&	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	232	7	washida	washida	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	232	8	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	232	9	h.	h.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	232	10	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	232	11	2024	2024	NUM
bjmsr-2511	232	12	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	232	13	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	233	1	varieties	variety	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	233	2	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	233	3	clientelism	clientelism	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	233	4	across	across	ADP
bjmsr-2511	233	5	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	233	6	parties	party	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	233	7	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	233	8	new	new	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	233	9	measures	measure	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	233	10	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	233	11	patron	patron	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	233	12	–	–	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	233	13	client	client	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	233	14	relationships	relationship	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	233	15	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	234	1	european	european	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	234	2	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	234	3	science	science	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	234	4	review	review	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	234	5	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	234	6	16(2	16(2	NUM
bjmsr-2511	234	7	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	234	8	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	234	9	260–280	260–280	NUM
bjmsr-2511	234	10	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	235	1	https://doi.org/10.1017/s1755773923000309	https://doi.org/10.1017/s1755773923000309	NUM
bjmsr-2511	235	2	jusup	jusup	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	235	3	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	235	4	m.	m.	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	235	5	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	235	6	holme	holme	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	235	7	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	235	8	p.	p.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	235	9	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	235	10	kanazawa	kanazawa	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	235	11	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	235	12	k.	k.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	235	13	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	235	14	takayasu	takayasu	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	235	15	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	235	16	m.	m.	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	235	17	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	235	18	romić	romić	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	235	19	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	235	20	i.	i.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	235	21	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	235	22	wang	wang	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	235	23	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	235	24	z.	z.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	235	25	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	235	26	geček	geček	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	235	27	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	235	28	s.	s.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	235	29	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	235	30	lipić	lipić	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	235	31	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	235	32	t.	t.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	235	33	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	235	34	podobnik	podobnik	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	235	35	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	235	36	b.	b.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	235	37	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	235	38	wang	wang	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	235	39	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	235	40	l.	l.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	235	41	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	235	42	luo	luo	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	235	43	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	235	44	w.	w.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	235	45	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	235	46	klanjšček	klanjšček	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	235	47	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	235	48	t.	t.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	235	49	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	235	50	fan	fan	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	235	51	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	235	52	j.	j.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	235	53	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	235	54	boccaletti	boccaletti	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	235	55	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	235	56	s.	s.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	235	57	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	235	58	&	&	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	235	59	perc	perc	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	235	60	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	235	61	m.	m.	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	235	62	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	235	63	2022	2022	NUM
bjmsr-2511	235	64	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	235	65	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	236	1	social	social	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	236	2	physics	physics	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	236	3	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	237	1	physics	physics	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	237	2	reports	report	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	237	3	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	237	4	948	948	NUM
bjmsr-2511	237	5	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	237	6	1–148	1–148	NUM
bjmsr-2511	237	7	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	238	1	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physrep.2021.10.005	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physrep.2021.10.005	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	238	2	kamugisha	kamugisha	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	238	3	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	238	4	d.	d.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	238	5	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	238	6	&	&	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	238	7	swai	swai	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	238	8	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	238	9	i.	i.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	238	10	l.	l.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	238	11	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	238	12	2024	2024	NUM
bjmsr-2511	238	13	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	238	14	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	239	1	inclusion	inclusion	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	239	2	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	239	3	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	239	4	candidates	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	239	5	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	239	6	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	239	7	electoral	electoral	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	239	8	system	system	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	239	9	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	239	10	tanzania	tanzania	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	239	11	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	240	1	journal	journal	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	240	2	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	240	3	policy	policy	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	240	4	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	240	5	leadership	leadership	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	240	6	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	240	7	11(1	11(1	NUM
bjmsr-2511	240	8	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	240	9	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	240	10	90–102	90–102	NUM
bjmsr-2511	240	11	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	241	1	https://doi.org/10.70563/jpl.v11i1.84	https://doi.org/10.70563/jpl.v11i1.84	DET
bjmsr-2511	241	2	kristono	kristono	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	241	3	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	241	4	r.	r.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	241	5	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	241	6	2024	2024	NUM
bjmsr-2511	241	7	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	241	8	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	242	1	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	242	2	strongman	strongman	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	242	3	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	242	4	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	242	5	dynasty	dynasty	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	242	6	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	242	7	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	242	8	economic	economic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	242	9	analysis	analysis	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	242	10	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	242	11	aang	aang	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	242	12	hamid	hamid	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	242	13	suganda	suganda	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	242	14	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	242	15	kuningan	kuningan	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	242	16	regency	regency	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	242	17	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	242	18	2003	2003	NUM
bjmsr-2511	242	19	-	-	SYM
bjmsr-2511	242	20	2018	2018	NUM
bjmsr-2511	242	21	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	243	1	juss	juss	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	243	2	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	243	3	jurnal	jurnal	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	243	4	sosial	sosial	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	243	5	soedirman	soedirman	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	243	6	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	243	7	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	243	8	7(1	7(1	NUM
bjmsr-2511	243	9	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	243	10	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	243	11	139	139	NUM
bjmsr-2511	243	12	-	-	SYM
bjmsr-2511	243	13	159	159	NUM
bjmsr-2511	243	14	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	244	1	https://doi.org/10.20884/juss.v7i1.12146	https://doi.org/10.20884/juss.v7i1.12146	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	244	2	leonard	leonard	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	244	3	hijino	hijino	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	244	4	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	244	5	k.	k.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	244	6	v.	v.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	244	7	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	244	8	2021	2021	NUM
bjmsr-2511	244	9	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	244	10	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	245	1	what	what	PRON
bjmsr-2511	245	2	drives	drive	VERB
bjmsr-2511	245	3	japanese	japanese	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	245	4	regional	regional	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	245	5	elections	election	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	245	6	?	?	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	246	1	multilevel	multilevel	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	246	2	factors	factor	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	246	3	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	246	4	partisan	partisan	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	246	5	independents	independent	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	246	6	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	247	1	regional	regional	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	247	2	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	247	3	federal	federal	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	247	4	studies	study	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	247	5	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	247	6	31(3	31(3	NUM
bjmsr-2511	247	7	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	247	8	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	247	9	419–432	419–432	NUM
bjmsr-2511	247	10	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	247	11	https://doi.org/10.1080/13597566.2020.1840367	https://doi.org/10.1080/13597566.2020.1840367	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	248	1	lipcean	lipcean	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	248	2	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	248	3	s.	s.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	248	4	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	248	5	&	&	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	248	6	casal	casal	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	248	7	bértoa	bértoa	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	248	8	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	248	9	f.	f.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	248	10	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	248	11	2024	2024	NUM
bjmsr-2511	248	12	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	248	13	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	249	1	do	do	AUX
bjmsr-2511	249	2	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	249	3	finance	finance	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	249	4	reforms	reform	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	249	5	really	really	ADV
bjmsr-2511	249	6	reduce	reduce	VERB
bjmsr-2511	249	7	corruption	corruption	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	249	8	?	?	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	250	1	a	a	DET
bjmsr-2511	250	2	replication	replication	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	250	3	study	study	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	250	4	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	251	1	research	research	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	251	2	&	&	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	251	3	politics	politic	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	251	4	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	251	5	11(4	11(4	NUM
bjmsr-2511	251	6	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	251	7	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	252	1	https://doi.org/10.1177/20531680241310002	https://doi.org/10.1177/20531680241310002	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	252	2	muhtadi	muhtadi	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	252	3	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	252	4	b.	b.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	252	5	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	252	6	2024	2024	NUM
bjmsr-2511	252	7	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	252	8	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	253	1	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	253	2	’	'	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	253	3	s	s	PART
bjmsr-2511	253	4	regional	regional	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	253	5	elections	election	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	253	6	 	 	SPACE
bjmsr-2511	253	7	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	253	8	electoral	electoral	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	253	9	competition	competition	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	253	10	limited	limit	VERB
bjmsr-2511	253	11	by	by	ADP
bjmsr-2511	253	12	cartel	cartel	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	253	13	politics	politic	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	253	14	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	253	15	104	104	NUM
bjmsr-2511	253	16	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	253	17	1–13	1–13	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	253	18	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	254	1	noak	noak	VERB
bjmsr-2511	254	2	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	254	3	p.	p.	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	254	4	a.	a.	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	254	5	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	254	6	2024	2024	NUM
bjmsr-2511	254	7	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	254	8	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	255	1	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	255	2	clientelism	clientelism	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	255	3	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	255	4	rural	rural	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	255	5	areas	area	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	255	6	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	255	7	understanding	understand	VERB
bjmsr-2511	255	8	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	255	9	impact	impact	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	255	10	on	on	ADP
bjmsr-2511	255	11	regional	regional	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	255	12	head	head	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	255	13	elections	election	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	255	14	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	255	15	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	255	16	.	.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	256	1	journal	journal	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	256	2	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	256	3	ecohumanism	ecohumanism	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	256	4	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	256	5	3(7	3(7	NUM
bjmsr-2511	256	6	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	256	7	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	256	8	3898–3909	3898–3909	NUM
bjmsr-2511	256	9	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	257	1	https://doi.org/10.62754/joe.v3i7.4517	https://doi.org/10.62754/joe.v3i7.4517	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	257	2	nugroho	nugroho	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	257	3	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	257	4	h.	h.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	257	5	s.	s.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	257	6	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	257	7	2020	2020	NUM
bjmsr-2511	257	8	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	257	9	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	258	1	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	258	2	role	role	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	258	3	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	258	4	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	258	5	elite	elite	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	258	6	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	258	7	public	public	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	258	8	service	service	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	258	9	innovation	innovation	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	258	10	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	258	11	sleman	sleman	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	258	12	regency	regency	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	258	13	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	258	14	comparative	comparative	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	258	15	study	study	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	258	16	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	258	17	wukirsari	wukirsari	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	258	18	village	village	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	258	19	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	258	20	blue	blue	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	258	21	lagoon	lagoon	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	258	22	tourism	tourism	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	258	23	village	village	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	258	24	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	258	25	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	259	1	politik	politik	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	259	2	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	259	3	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	259	4	indonesian	indonesian	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	259	5	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	259	6	science	science	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	259	7	review	review	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	259	8	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	259	9	5(2	5(2	NUM
bjmsr-2511	259	10	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	259	11	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	259	12	277–291	277–291	NUM
bjmsr-2511	259	13	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	260	1	https://doi.org/10.15294/ipsr.v5i2.21544	https://doi.org/10.15294/ipsr.v5i2.21544	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	260	2	pierskalla	pierskalla	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	260	3	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	260	4	j.	j.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	260	5	h.	h.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	260	6	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	260	7	&	&	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	260	8	sacks	sacks	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	260	9	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	260	10	a.	a.	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	260	11	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	260	12	2020	2020	NUM
bjmsr-2511	260	13	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	260	14	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	261	1	personnel	personnel	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	261	2	politics	politic	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	261	3	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	261	4	elections	election	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	261	5	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	261	6	clientelistic	clientelistic	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	261	7	competition	competition	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	261	8	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	261	9	teacher	teacher	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	261	10	hiring	hire	VERB
bjmsr-2511	261	11	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	261	12	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	261	13	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	262	1	british	british	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	262	2	journal	journal	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	262	3	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	262	4	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	262	5	science	science	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	262	6	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	262	7	50(4	50(4	NUM
bjmsr-2511	262	8	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	262	9	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	262	10	1283–1305	1283–1305	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	262	11	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	263	1	https://doi.org/10.1017/s0007123418000601	https://doi.org/10.1017/s0007123418000601	NUM
bjmsr-2511	263	2	rocha	rocha	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	263	3	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	263	4	m.	m.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	263	5	m.	m.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	263	6	d.	d.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	263	7	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	263	8	2023	2023	NUM
bjmsr-2511	263	9	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	263	10	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	264	1	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	264	2	third	third	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	264	3	wave	wave	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	264	4	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	264	5	studies	study	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	264	6	on	on	ADP
bjmsr-2511	264	7	clientelism	clientelism	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	264	8	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	264	9	latin	latin	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	264	10	america	america	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	264	11	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	264	12	a	a	DET
bjmsr-2511	264	13	critical	critical	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	264	14	reading	reading	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	264	15	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	265	1	revista	revista	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	265	2	brasileira	brasileira	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	265	3	de	de	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	265	4	ciências	ciências	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	265	5	sociais	sociais	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	265	6	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	265	7	38(111	38(111	NUM
bjmsr-2511	265	8	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	265	9	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	265	10	e3811023	e3811023	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	265	11	.	.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	265	12	https://doi.org/10.1590/3811023/2023	https://doi.org/10.1590/3811023/2023	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	265	13	sabourin	sabourin	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	265	14	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	265	15	e.	e.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	265	16	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	265	17	2022	2022	NUM
bjmsr-2511	265	18	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	265	19	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	266	1	public	public	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	266	2	policies	policy	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	266	3	for	for	ADP
bjmsr-2511	266	4	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	266	5	territorial	territorial	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	266	6	development	development	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	266	7	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	266	8	brazil	brazil	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	266	9	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	266	10	between	between	ADP
bjmsr-2511	266	11	clientelism	clientelism	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	266	12	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	266	13	participation	participation	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	266	14	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	267	1	sustainability	sustainability	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	267	2	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	267	3	14(5	14(5	NUM
bjmsr-2511	267	4	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	267	5	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	267	6	3058	3058	NUM
bjmsr-2511	267	7	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	268	1	https://doi.org/10.3390/su14053058	https://doi.org/10.3390/su14053058	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	268	2	sari	sari	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	268	3	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	268	4	l.	l.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	268	5	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	268	6	2024	2024	NUM
bjmsr-2511	268	7	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	268	8	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	269	1	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	269	2	limits	limit	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	269	3	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	269	4	local	local	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	269	5	power	power	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	269	6	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	269	7	business	business	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	269	8	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	269	9	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	269	10	conflict	conflict	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	269	11	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	269	12	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	269	13	coastal	coastal	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	269	14	reclamation	reclamation	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	269	15	projects	project	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	269	16	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	269	17	makassar	makassar	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	269	18	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	269	19	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	269	20	.	.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	269	21	journal	journal	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	269	22	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	269	23	current	current	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	269	24	southeast	southeast	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	269	25	asian	asian	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	269	26	affairs	affair	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	269	27	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	269	28	43(2	43(2	NUM
bjmsr-2511	269	29	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	269	30	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	269	31	198–219	198–219	NUM
bjmsr-2511	269	32	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	270	1	https://doi.org/10.1177/18681034241266009	https://doi.org/10.1177/18681034241266009	X
bjmsr-2511	270	2	titelman	titelman	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	270	3	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	270	4	n.	n.	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	270	5	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	270	6	&	&	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	270	7	sajuria	sajuria	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	270	8	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	270	9	j.	j.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	270	10	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	270	11	2024	2024	NUM
bjmsr-2511	270	12	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	270	13	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	271	1	why	why	SCONJ
bjmsr-2511	271	2	vote	vote	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	271	3	for	for	ADP
bjmsr-2511	271	4	an	an	DET
bjmsr-2511	271	5	independent	independent	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	271	6	?	?	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	272	1	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	272	2	relevance	relevance	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	272	3	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	272	4	negative	negative	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	272	5	identity	identity	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	272	6	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	272	7	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	272	8	identity	identity	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	272	9	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	272	10	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	272	11	dealignment	dealignment	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	272	12	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	272	13	a	a	DET
bjmsr-2511	272	14	pro	pro	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	272	15	-	-	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	272	16	independent	independent	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	272	17	political	political	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	272	18	environment	environment	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	272	19	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	273	1	party	party	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	273	2	politics	politic	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	273	3	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	273	4	30(6	30(6	NUM
bjmsr-2511	273	5	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	273	6	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	273	7	997–1013	997–1013	NUM
bjmsr-2511	273	8	.	.	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	273	9	https://doi.org/10.1177/13540688231196423	https://doi.org/10.1177/13540688231196423	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	273	10	yakub	yakub	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	273	11	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	273	12	a.	a.	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	273	13	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	273	14	armunanto	armunanto	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	273	15	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	273	16	a.	a.	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	273	17	a.	a.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	273	18	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	273	19	&	&	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	273	20	haryanto	haryanto	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	273	21	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	274	1	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	274	2	2022	2022	NUM
bjmsr-2511	274	3	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	274	4	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	275	1	under	under	ADP
bjmsr-2511	275	2	family	family	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	275	3	control	control	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	275	4	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	275	5	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	275	6	trend	trend	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	275	7	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	275	8	sole	sole	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	275	9	candidate	candidate	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	275	10	elections	election	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	275	11	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	275	12	indonesia	indonesia	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	275	13	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	276	1	international	international	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	276	2	area	area	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	276	3	studies	study	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	276	4	review	review	VERB
bjmsr-2511	276	5	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	276	6	25(4	25(4	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	276	7	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	276	8	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	276	9	303–321	303–321	NUM
bjmsr-2511	276	10	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	277	1	https://doi.org/10.1177/22338659221120972	https://doi.org/10.1177/22338659221120972	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	277	2	publisher	publisher	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	277	3	’s	’s	PART
bjmsr-2511	277	4	note	note	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	277	5	:	:	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	277	6	cribfb	cribfb	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	277	7	stays	stay	VERB
bjmsr-2511	277	8	neutral	neutral	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	277	9	with	with	ADP
bjmsr-2511	277	10	regard	regard	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	277	11	to	to	ADP
bjmsr-2511	277	12	jurisdictional	jurisdictional	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	277	13	claims	claim	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	277	14	in	in	ADP
bjmsr-2511	277	15	published	publish	VERB
bjmsr-2511	277	16	maps	map	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	277	17	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	277	18	institutional	institutional	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	277	19	affiliations	affiliation	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	277	20	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	278	1	©	©	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	278	2	2025	2025	NUM
bjmsr-2511	278	3	by	by	ADP
bjmsr-2511	278	4	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	278	5	authors	author	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	278	6	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	279	1	licensee	licensee	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	279	2	cribfb	cribfb	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	279	3	,	,	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	279	4	usa	usa	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	279	5	.	.	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	280	1	this	this	DET
bjmsr-2511	280	2	open	open	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	280	3	-	-	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	280	4	access	access	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	280	5	article	article	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	280	6	is	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	280	7	distributed	distribute	VERB
bjmsr-2511	280	8	under	under	ADP
bjmsr-2511	280	9	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	280	10	terms	term	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	280	11	and	and	CCONJ
bjmsr-2511	280	12	conditions	condition	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	280	13	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	280	14	the	the	DET
bjmsr-2511	280	15	creative	creative	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	280	16	commons	common	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	280	17	attribution	attribution	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	280	18	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	280	19	cc	cc	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	280	20	by	by	ADP
bjmsr-2511	280	21	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	280	22	license	license	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	280	23	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	280	24	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	280	25	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	280	26	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	281	1	bangladesh	bangladesh	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	281	2	journal	journal	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	281	3	of	of	ADP
bjmsr-2511	281	4	multidisciplinary	multidisciplinary	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	281	5	scientific	scientific	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	281	6	research	research	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	281	7	(	(	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	281	8	p	p	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	281	9	-	-	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	281	10	issn	issn	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	281	11	2687	2687	NUM
bjmsr-2511	281	12	-	-	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	281	13	850x	850x	NUM
bjmsr-2511	281	14	e	e	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	281	15	-	-	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	281	16	issn	issn	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	281	17	2687	2687	NUM
bjmsr-2511	281	18	-	-	SYM
bjmsr-2511	281	19	8518	8518	NUM
bjmsr-2511	281	20	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	281	21	by	by	ADP
bjmsr-2511	281	22	cribfb	cribfb	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	281	23	is	be	AUX
bjmsr-2511	281	24	licensed	license	VERB
bjmsr-2511	281	25	under	under	ADP
bjmsr-2511	281	26	a	a	DET
bjmsr-2511	281	27	creative	creative	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	281	28	commons	common	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	281	29	attribution	attribution	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	281	30	4.0	4.0	NUM
bjmsr-2511	281	31	international	international	ADJ
bjmsr-2511	281	32	license	license	NOUN
bjmsr-2511	281	33	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	282	1	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0	X
bjmsr-2511	282	2	)	)	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	282	3	.	.	PUNCT
bjmsr-2511	283	1	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	283	2	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	PROPN
bjmsr-2511	283	3	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	PROPN