bjp: A Pathfinder

This is a computer-generated pathfinder created against the Distant Reader study called bjp.

Each Distant Reader study carrel is composed of many individual items. Each item is bibliographically described with author, title, date, summary, and keyword values. Below is a list of the items' most signficant keywords as well as lists of the items themselves. Purpusing the content of this pathfinder provides the student, researcher, or scholar with one way to get their heads around the scope of the carrel. The keywords include:

Activity; Cancer; Cells; Group; Control; Rats; Bangladesh; Acid; Apoptosis; Treatment; Effect; Anti; Compounds; Cell; Expression; Extracts; Hours; Pharmacol; Patients; Plant; Protein; Mice; Liver; Test; Glucose; Blood; Effects; Diabetic; Docking; Methanol; Inhibition; Oil; Ethyl; Serum; Drug; Day; Compound; Water; Hepatoprotective; Leaf; Fraction; Arsenic; Concentration; Animals; Paracetamol; Nmr; Min; Model; Ethanol; Bacteria; Plants; Synthesis; Weight; Derivatives; Growth; Calcium; Fungi; Virus; Brain; Strains; Coli; Cox-2; Food; Drugs; Heart; Aureus; Membrane; Acetone; Seed; Method; Glucosidase; Bcl-2; Infarction; Medicine; Cm-1; Gsh; Ulcer; Production; Analgesic; Eggs; Longifolia; Shrimp; Urine; Hptlc; Sample; Aromatic; Staphylina; Ligands; Column; Cytotoxicity; India; Ketamine; Sponge; Bnp; Pharmacology; Fish; Lead; Polygonoides; Chrysantha; Lipopolysaccharide; Extraction; Origanum; Papaya; Ch3; Imatinib; Juglone; Boninense; 35cl; Cost

Depending on how this pathfinder was created, many of the bibliographic sections will include elaborations on the meaning(s) of the given keywords. These elaborations were generated by feeding the items' summaries to a large langauge model and asking the model to address the question, "What is X?", where "X" is the keyword. The result will be a few sentences of elaboration. Be forewarned. The elaborations are often plausible, but they should not be take as truth. Instead, they should be taken as points for consideration.

• Costunolide: A novel anti-cancer sesquiterpene lactone by Rasul, Azhar; Parveen, Saima; Ma, Tonghui (2012) - Further studies demonstrate that costunolide has anti- tumor potential by inhibiting proliferation, inducing apoptosis and reducing invasion and metastasis of a wide variety of tumor cells, including breast cancer cells (Bocca et al., 2004; Choi et al., 2005; Choi et al., 2011), hepatocellular carcinoma cells (Chen et al., 1995; Liu et al., 2011a; Sun et al., 2003), prostate cancer cells (Hsu et al., 2011), leukemia cells (Choi et al., 2002a; Choi and Lee, 2009; Choi et al., 2002b; Hibasami et al., 2003; Kanno et al., 2008; Kim et al., 2008; Kim et al., 2002; Kim et al., 2011b; Komiya et al., 2004; Lee et al., 2001; Song et al., 2001; Srivastava et al., 2006), gastric cancer cells (Ko et al., 2005; Rasul et al., 2011), colon cancer cells (Kawamori et al., 1995; Mori et al., 1994), melanoma cells (Chen et al., 2007; Park et al., 2001b), cervical cancer cells (Sun et al., 2003), KB and P388 tumor cell (Mondranondra et al., 1990), and platinum-resistant human ovarian cancer cells (Yang et al., 2011). Accumulated data indicate that Costunolide was isola- ted from many plant species such as Saussurea lappa (Lee et al., 2001; Li et al., 2006; Zhang et al., 2011), Aucklandia lappa Decne (Li et al., 2005; Rasul et al., 2011), Michelia floribunda (Mondranondra et al., 1990), Magnolia grandiflora (el-Feraly and Chan, 1978; Wu et al., 2001), Podachaenium eminens (Castro et al., 2000), Magnolia sieboldii (Park et al., 2001a; Park et al., 2001b), Tsoongiodendron odorum Chun (Song et al., 2001), Cosmos pringlei (Mata et al., 2002), Laurus nobilis (De Marino et al., 2005; Matsuda et al., 2002), Laurus novocanariensis (Ferrari et al., 2005), Magnolia kobus (Park et al., 2010), Eupatorium lindleyanum (Yang et al., 2010), and Magnolia ovata (Kassuya et al., 2009). Keywords: activity; anti; apoptosis; cancer; cancer cells; cells; choi; choi et; costunolide; et al; human; kim; lactone; lee; park; park et; pharmacol; res; sesquiterpene; tumor
• Phytochemical composition, mosquito larvicidal, ovicidal and repellent activity of Calotropis procera against Culex tritaeniorhynchus and Culex gelidus by Kumar, Gaurav; Karthik, Loganathan; Kokati Venkata, Bhaskara Rao; Kirthi, Arivarasan Vishnu; Jayaseelan, Chidambaram; Rahuman, Abdul Abdul (2012) - Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Research Article Phytochemical composition, mosqui-Phytochemical composition, mosqui-Phytochemical composition, mosqui- to larvicidal, ovicidal and repellent to larvicidal, ovicidal and repellent to larvicidal, ovicidal and repellent activity of activity of activity of Calotropis procera Calotropis procera Calotropis procera against against against Culex tritaeniorhynchus Culex tritaeniorhynchus Culex tritaeniorhynchus and and and Culex Culex Culex gelidusgelidusgelidus BJP Introduction Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a virus born disease of humans and animals, caused by JE virus (Flaviviridae). Aqueous extract of C. procera leaves (1,000 ppm) exhibited 100% larvicidal activity against fourth instar larvae of Culex tritaeniorhynchus and Cx. Keywords: activity; calotropis; culex; extract; gelidus; larvicidal; leaves; mosquito; procera; repellent; tritaeniorhynchus
• Grape seed and skin extract protects against acute chemotherapy toxicity induced by doxorubicin in rat red blood cells and plasma by Hamlaoui, Sonia; Mokni, Meherzia; Limam, Nadia; Carrier, Alice; Limam, Ferid; Amri, Mohamed; Marzouki, Lamjed; Aouani, Ezzedine (2012) - GSSE is a complex mixture of polyphenolics classified as flavonoid and non flavonoid compounds (Khanal et al., 2009). GSSE also protects against hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (Sehirli et al., 2008), biliary obstruction (Dulundu et al., 2007), and azathioprine- induced hepatotoxicity in rats (El-Ashmawy et al., 2010). Keywords: activity; anti; dox; doxorubicin; effect; erythrocytes; et al; extract; figure; free; grape; gsse; h2o2; plasma; seed; sod; stress
• Protective effect of grape seed and skin extract on high dosage garlic-induced renal oxidative stress by Hamlaoui, Sonia; Samti, Oumayma; Mokni, Meherzia; Limam, Nadia; Carrier, Alice; Limam, Ferid; Amri, Mohamed; Aouani, Ezzedine; Marzouki, Lamjed (2012) - Mokni M, Hamlaoui-Guesmi S, Amri M et al. We observed an increase in plasma free iron (Hamlaoui- Gasmi et al., 2011b) that could result from its extrusion from the kidney. Keywords: activity; calcium; effect; et al; extract; figure; free; garlic; grape; gsse; h2o2; iron; kidney; pharmacol; protective; rats; resveratrol; seed; skin; stress
• Cerebroprotective effect of Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn. root extract by Muralidharan, P.; Balamurugan, G.; Babu, Venu (2008) - Results The preliminary phytochemical screening carried out on aqueous extract of G. glabra revealed the presence of phytoconstituents such as alkaloids, carbohydrates, saponins, triterpenoids, flavanoids and flavones. The present study has revealed the neuroprotective effect of aqueous extract of G. glabra on sodium nitrite induced hypoxia deficits in rats. Keywords: activity; extract; glabra; group; hypoxia; min; rats; water
• Evaluation of in vitro anthelmintic activities of leaf and stem extracts of Justicia gendarussa by Saha, Monika Rani; Debnath, Pankaj Chandra; Rahman, Md. Ajijur; Islam, Md. Anwar Ul (2012) - This is the first report of anthelmintic activities of J. gendarussa. Anthelmintic activity of Callistemon viminalis. Keywords: activities; activity; anthelmintic; extract; gendarussa; leaves; time
• Docking studies: In silico phosphodiesterase inhibitory activity of commercially available flavonoids by Madeswaran, Arumugam; Umamaheswari, Muthuswamy; Asokkumar, Kuppusamy; Sivashanmugam, Thirumalaisamy; Subhadradevi, Varadharajan; Jagannath, Puliyath (2012) - Analysis of the receptor/ligand complex models generated after successful docking of the flavonoids was based on the parameters such as hydrogen bond interactions, п – п interactions, binding energy, RMSD of active site residues and orientation of the docked compound within the active site (Madeswaran et al., 2012). Binding energy of the individual compounds were calculated using the following formula, Binding energy = A + B + C - D Keywords: activity; autodock; binding; compounds; docking; energy; flavonoids; mol; phosphodiesterase
• Anticonvulsant activity of bioflavonoid gossypin by Rasilingam, Duraisami; Duraisamy, Srinivasan; Subramanian, Ramaswamy (2008) - Clinical significance of animal seizure models and mechanism of action, studies of potential antiepileptic drugs. Pentelenetetrazole- or strychnine-induced seizure model In each type of seizure model, the mice were divided into five groups with six animals. Keywords: activity; anticonvulsant; convulsion; drugs; electroshock; gossypin; seizure
• Antiamoebic activity of marine sponge Haliclona exigua (Krikpatrick) by Lakshmi, V.; Saxena, A.; Mishra, S. K.; Mishra, M.; Srivastava, S.; Ghoshal, S. (2008) - Test models and methodology for antiamebic activity (in vitro model) Axenic culture of E. histoyitica (200: NIH) maintained TYI-S-33 medium (Diamond et al., 1978) has been used for in vitro screening. 4: 55-59 57 Table I Antiamebic activity of Haliclona exigua against E. histolytica in in vitro and in vivo models Name of the extracts/fractions/compounds Antiamebic activity against E. histolytica In vitro MIC (mg/mL) Keywords: activity; days; dose; extract; marine; methanol; rats
• Antimicrobial activity of Leucas clarkei by Das, Surya Narayan; Patro, Varanasi Jagannath; Dinda, Subas Chandra (2012) - The screening of plant extracts and their pro- ducts for antimicrobial activity has shown that, higher plants represent potential sources of novel antibiotic prototypes (Aliero and Afolayan, 2006; Afolayan, 2003). Antibac- terial activity of plant extracts and phytochemicals on anti- biotic resistant bacteria. Keywords: activity; bacteria; clarkei; disc; extracts; leucas; plant; test
• Antitumor activity of Chondrococcus hornemanni and Spyridia fusiformis on Dalton’s lymphoma ascites in mice by Subbiah, Murugesan; Sundaresan, Bhuavaneswari (2012) - However, in the present study an increase in body weight, packed tumor cell volume and number of viable tumor cells was found to be significantly less than the tumor control animals, indicating the anticancer nature of the extract. These results could indicate either a direct cytotoxic effect of C. hornemanni and S. fusiformis on tumor cells as evidenced by the in vitro studies or an indirect local effect, which may involve macrophage activation and vascular permea- bility inhibition. Keywords: activity; antitumor; cancer; cell; control; fusiformis; group; hornemanni; mice; tumor
• Anti-candida activity by Hymenocallis littoralis extracts for opportunistic oral and genital infection Candida albicans by Sundarasekar, Jeevandran; Sahgal, Geethaa; Subramaniam, Sreeramanan (2012) - Various plant parts such as bulb, flower, anther, root, leaves and stem were tested against this opportunistic organism and found that the flower and anther were effective at 6.3 mg/mL. This is the first report on anti-candida activity of H. littoralis methanol extract. The methanol crude extract has anti-candida activity for tested concentration. Keywords: activity; albicans; anti; candida; cell; extracts; littoralis; mic; plant
• Dietary coconut sprout beneficially modulates cardiac damage induced by isoproterenol in rats by Chikku, Anitha M.; Rajamohan, Thankappan (2012) - But coconut sprout pretreated rats (Group IV, V and VI) showed lower activities of CK- MB, LDH, AST and ALT in the serum and higher activity in heart. Abstract This work evaluates the cardioprotective potential of dietary coconut sprout (Cocos nucifera Linn.) on isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction in rats. Keywords: activity; coconut; control; group; heart; infarction; isoproterenol; protein; rats; sprout
• In silico docking studies of aldose reductase inhibitory activity of commercially available flavonoids by Madeswaran, Arumugam; Umamaheswari, Muthuswamy; Asokkumar, Kuppusamy; Sivashanmugam, Thirumalaisamy; Subhadradevi, Varadharajan; Jagannath, Puliyath (2012) - In silico docking study, was carried out to identify the inhibiting potential of selected flavonoids against aldose reductase enzyme. Figure 3: Docked pose of aldose reductase enzyme (3EL3) with butein and epalrestat Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2012; 7: 266-271 269 Based on the current docking studies, the aldose reductase inhibitory activity of the selected compounds was found to be decreased in the order of butein, biochanin, herbacetin, epalrestat, fisetin, esculatin. Keywords: activity; aldose; compounds; docking; energy; enzyme; flavonoids; mol; reductase; studies
• Physico-chemical studies and evaluation of diuretic activity of Cucurbita maxima by Saravanan, Venkattapuram Sampath; Manokaran, Sellimuthu (2012) - Group I: Control group received 5 mL of 0.9% NaCl solution per kg body weight; Group II: Reference con- trol group received acetazolamide (45 mg/kg body weight in 5 mL of 0.9% NaCl solution); Group III: Test group received C. maxima extract (150 mg/kg body weight in 5 mL of 0.9% NaCl solution suspending in 1% carboxy methyl cellulose); Group IV: Test group recei- ved C. maxima extract (300 mg/kg body weight in 5 mL of 0.9% NaCl solution suspending in 1% carboxymethyl cellulose). Its aerial part consists of flexible succulent stem with trifoliate A Journal of the Bangladesh Pharmacological Society (BDPS) Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2012; 7: 277-280 Journal homepage: www.banglajol.info; www.bdjpharmacol.com Abstracted/indexed in Academic Search Complete, Agroforestry Abstracts, Asia Journals Online, Bangladesh Journals Online, Biological Abstracts, BIOSIS Previews, CAB Abstracts, Current Abstracts, Directory of Open Access Journals, EMBASE/Excerpta Medica, Google Scholar, HINARI (WHO), International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, Open J-gate, Science Citation Index Expanded, SCOPUS and Social Sciences Citation Index ISSN: 1991-0088 Physico-chemical studies and evaluation of diuretic activity of Cucurbita maxima Venkattapuram Sampath Saravanan and Sellimuthu Manokaran Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, The Erode College of Pharmacy, Erode 638 112, Tamilnadu, India. Keywords: activity; ash; extract; group; maxima
• Alkaloids content, cytotoxicity and anti-Toxoplasma gondii activity of Psidium guajava L. and Tinospora crispa by Lee, Wei Cai; Mahmud, Roziahanim; Noordin, Rahmah; Piaru, Suthagar Pillai; Perumal, Shanmugapriya; Ismail, Sabariah (2012) - Both T. crispa and P. guajava crude extracts, 8 fractions from T. crispa crude extract and clindamycin (positive control used in anti-parasitic assay) were tested for the potential cytotoxic activity in vitro using Vero cells. According to Zirihi et al. (2005), an extract is considered safe when EC50 is >20 µg/mL. As shown in Table I, T. crispa extract and P. guajava extract as well as the eight fractions obtained from T. crispa crude extract and clindamycin (as positive control) showed no cytotoxicity against Vero cells. Keywords: activity; alkaloids; cells; crispa; crude; ec50; extract; gondii; guajava
• Evaluation of anti-diarrheal activity of Diospyros malabarica bark extract by Rode, Mahesh S.; Kalaskar, Mohan G.; Gond, Namdev Y.; Surana, Sanjay J. (2013) - Ba gladesh Jour al of Phar acology Research Article Evaluation of antiEvaluation of antiEvaluation of anti---diarrheal activity diarrheal activity diarrheal activity of of of Diospyros malabaricaDiospyros malabaricaDiospyros malabarica bark extractbark extractbark extract BJP Introduction Diarrhea is one of the major health threats to popula- tions in tropical and subtropical countries, responsible for about 5 million deaths annually, of which 2.5 million are children less than 5 years (Adeyemi and Akindele, 2008). Material and methods Bark of D. malabarica kostel was collected in bulk quan- tities from college campus area, Malegaon, Baramati in winter season of 2008-2009 and identification of the plant was established by Department of Botany, S. P. M. A Journal of the Bangladesh Pharmacological Society (BDPS) Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2013; 8: 49-53 Journal homepage: www.banglajol.info; www.bdjpharmacol.com Abstracted/indexed in Academic Search Complete, Agroforestry Abstracts, Asia Journals Online, Bangladesh Journals Online, Biological Abstracts, BIOSIS Previews, CAB Abstracts, Current Abstracts, Directory of Open Access Journals, EMBASE/Excerpta Medica, Global Health, Google Scholar, HINARI (WHO), International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, Open J-gate, Science Citation Index Expanded, SCOPUS and Social Sciences Citation Index ISSN: 1991-0088 Evaluation of anti-diarrheal activity of Diospyros malabarica bark extract Mahesh S. Rode1, Mohan G. Kalaskar2, Namdev Y. Gond1 and Sanjay J. Surana2 1SVPM’S College of Pharmacy, Malegoan, Baramati, Pune, India; 2R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Dhule, India. Keywords: activity; diarrheal; extract; group; malabarica
• Free radical scavenging, in vivo antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity of folk medicine Trichodesma sedgwickianum by Saboo, Shweta S.; Tapadiya, Ganesh; Farooqui, I. A.; Khadabadi, S. S. (2013) - Anti-oxidant activity of different extracts was evaluated by free radical scavenging by ABTS and DPPH, super- oxide scavenging and lipid peroxide inhibition. Synergistic interactions amongst the various anti- oxidative components in the SEE of T. sedgwickianum might be responsible for the relatively high values of anti-oxidant activity. Keywords: activity; anti; carbon; ethanol; extract; free; liver; oxidant; radical; scavenging; superoxide; tetrachloride; vivo
• Evaluation of antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of Khamira Gaozaban Ambri Jadwar Ood Saleeb Wala (KGA) by Akhtar, Muhammad Shoaib; Mazher Asjad, Hafiz Muhammad; Bashir, Sajid; Malik, Abdul; Khalid, Rehan; Gulzar, Faisal; Irshad, Nadeem (2013) - Brand-Williams W, Cuvelier ME, Berset C. Use of a free radical method to evaluate anti-oxidant activity. In vitro and in vivo studies of anti-oxidant activities of flavonoids from Adiantum capillus- veneris L. Keywords: activity; anti; formulation; hepatoprotective; kga; liver; oxidant; serum
• Enhanced production of nattokinase from UV mutated Bacillus sp. by Mohanasrinivasan, V.; Subathra Devi, C.; Biswas, Ritusree; Paul, Falguni; Mitra, Mohor; Selvarajan, E.; Suganthi, V. (2013) - Bacillus sp SFN precipitates (grown in shrimp shell supplemented medium) was 460 µg/mL; c) Mutated (5 min) Bacillus sp SFN crude (grown in shrimp shell substituted medium) was 490 µg/mL. Chromatogram obtained for nattokinase produced by Bacillus sp SFN was compared with standard. Figure 6: Holmstorm Method for Bacillus sp SFN precipitates in production media with shrimp shell (5, 10, 15, 20 µL) 70% precipitate C 5 10 15 20 5 10 15 20 80% precipitation Figure 7: Holmstorm Method for Bacillus sp SFN mutated (5 min) precipitates in production media with shrimp shell (1 to 10 µL) 70% precipitate 80% precipitation C 5 10 15 20 5 10 15 20 Figure 8: Holmstorm Method for Bacillus sp SFN mutated (10 min) precipitates in production media with shrimp shell (1 to 10 µL) C 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 114 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2013; 8: 110-115 References Besson F, Michel G. Mycosubtilins B and C: Minor antibiotics from mycosubtilin producer Bacillus subtilis. Keywords: activity; bacillus; enzyme; media; nattokinase; production; sfn; shell; shrimp
• Methyl-α-D-glucopyranoside from Tulbaghia violacea extract induces apoptosis in vitro in cancer cells by Lyantagaye, Sylvester Leonard (2013) - Cell extracts were tested for caspase-3 activity according to the manufac- tures instructions. To mea- sure caspase activity in the cell protein extract, replicate wells containing blank, untreated cells control, stauros- porine induced cells positive control, plant extract induced cells, and plant extract treated cells inhibited by Z-VAD-FMK samples were prepared as shown in the manufacturer's manual. Keywords: activity; apoptosis; aqueous; cancer; caspase-3; cells; control; crude; extract; violacea
• Antimicrobial and cytotoxic potentials of Buddleja polystachya extracts by Fawzy, Ghada Ahmed; Gamal, Ali Ali El; Al Ati, Hanan Yehya (2013) - From a clinical 138 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2013; 8: 136-141 Table I Mean zone of inhibition beyond 6 mm well diameter using (20 mg/mL) concentration of A-D Tested microorganisms Mean zone of inhibition in mm ± SD Fungi A B C D Amphotericin B Aspergillus fumigatus (ATCC 90906) 14.6 ± 0.6 18.2 ± 0.3 NA NA 23.7 ± 0.1 Candida albicans (ATCC 10231) 11.4 ± 0.4 15.3 ± 0.4 NA NA 21.9 ± 0.1 Absidia corymbifera (ATCC 46774) 17.8 ± 0.4 19.8 ± 0.4 NA NA 26.4 ± 0.2 Trichophyton mentagrophytes (ATCC 9533) 19.3 ± 0.4 20.3 ± 0.3 NA NA 25.4 ± 0.2 Gram-positive bacteria Ampicillin Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) 14.2 ± 0.3 17.4 ± 0.4 11.6 ± 0.4 NA 28.9 ± 0.1 Staphylococcus epidermidis (ATCC 12228) 16.8 ± 0.4 18.6 ± 0.4 12.0 ± 0.4 NA 25.4 ± 0.2 Streptococcus pyogenes (ATCC 10782) 17.1 ± 0.3 15.6 ± 0.4 13.0 ± 0.4 NA 26.4 ± 0.3 Gram-negative bacteria Gentamicin Neisseria gonorrhoeae (ATCC 49226) 13.6 ± 0.4 17.0 ± 0.4 NA NA 19.9 ± 0.2 Proteous vulgaris (ATCC 6380) 15.9 ± 0.6 16.8 ± 0.4 NA NA 23.4 ± 0.3 Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 31488) 18.6 ± 0.6 20.2 ± 0.3 NA NA 26.3 ± 0.2 Shigella flexneri (ATCC 29903) Keywords: activity; atcc; bacteria; cell; extracts
• Antidiabetic and antimicrobial activities of fractions and compounds isolated from Berberis brevissima Jafri and Berberis parkeriana Schneid by Ali, Saqib; Igoli, John; Clements, Carol; Semaan, Dima; Alamzeb, Muhammad; Rashid, Mamoon Ur; Shah, Syed Qaisar; Ferro, Valerie A.; Gray, Alexander I.; Khan, Muhammad Rafiullah (2013) - Berberine (1) showed good selectivity and activity against SMRSA and EMRSA (1.1 and 0.5% of D 340 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2013; 8: 336-342 Table I Antimicrobial activities of fractions from B. brevissima and B. parkeriana Fractions M. marinum % of D control 100 µg/mL SMRSA % of D control 200 µg/mL EMRSA % of D control 200 µg/mL E. coli % of D control 500 µg/mL BRB 33.5 61.7 88.6 62.0 BRC 2.5 0.2 0.2 45.9 BRD 2.4 82.6 81.6 64.9 PRB 48.0 56.0 92.3 62.9 PRC 12.7 -1.1 -1.1 43.3 PRD 17.6 1.8 -0.9 68.3 BRB = B. brevissima roots fraction B, BRC = B. brevissima roots fraction C, BRD = B. brevissima roots fraction D, PRB = B. parkeriana roots fraction B, PRC = B. parkeriana roots fraction C, PRD = B. parkeriana roots fraction D Table II Antimicrobial activities of compounds isolated from B. brevissima and B. parkeriana Compounds M. marinum % of D control 100 µg/mL SMRSA % of D control 200 µg/mL EMRSA % of D control 200 µg/mL E. coli % of D control 500 µg/mL Berberine (1) 47.4 1.1 0.5 57.8 8-Oxo-berberine (2) 1.6 18.9 An ethanolic extract of the roots of Berberis lycium has been reported to possess anti-diabetic activity (Uniyal and Tewari, 1991). Keywords: activity; berberis; brevissima; compounds; control; fraction; parkeriana
• Antifungal activity of bioactive constituents and bark extracts of Rhododendron arboreum by Nisar, Muhammad; Ali, Sajid; Qaisar, Muhammad; Gilani, Syed Naeemuddin; Shah, Muhammad Raza; Khan, Inamullah; Ali, Gowhar (2013) - Determination of antifungal activity All the stock cultures were maintained in sabouraud dextrose agar. Recording of antifungal activity of incubation Keywords: activity; antifungal; arboreum; extracts; rhododendron
• Inhibitory potential of Gossypium arboreum leaf extracts on diabetes key enzymes, α-amylase and α-glucosidase by Kazeem, Mutiu Idowu; Abimbola, Stella Gbemisola; Ashafa, Anofi Omotayo Tom (2013) - For the first time, this study sought to investigate the inhibitory effect of G. arboreum leaf extracts on α-amylase and α- glucosidase as well as assessing its mode of inhibition in order to provide some possible mechanisms by which they elicit their antidiabetic effect. Mode of α-amylase inhibition The mode of inhibition of G. arboreum leaf extract was conducted using the extract with the lowest IC50 according to the modified method described by Ali et al. (2006). Keywords: acetone; activity; amylase; arboreum; diabetes; extract; glucosidase; inhibition; inhibitory; leaf
• Evaluation of diuretic activity of Paspalidium flavidum in rats by Alamgeer, -; Malik, Muhammad Nasir Hayat; Bashir, Sajid; Khan, Abdul Qayyum; Mushtaq, Muhammad Naveed; Rashid, Muhammad; Akram, Muhammad; Samreen, Sadia (2013) - At present, there was no scientific study available on the diuretic activity of this plant; hence this study was aimed at exploring the therapeutic potential of aqueous methanolic extract of P. flavidum in diuresis. Group III and IV received 10 and 30 mg/kg of aqueous methanolic extract of P. flavidum respectively. Keywords: activity; diuretic; extract; flavidum; paspalidium
• Design of 1-(furan-2-yl)-N-(5-substituted phenyl-1, 3, 4-thiadiazol-2-yl) methanimine derivatives as Enoyl-ACP reductase inhibitors: Synthesis, molecular docking studies and antitubercular activity by Mathew, Bijo; Mathew, Githa Elizabeth; Sonia, George; Kumar, Anila; Charles, Neethu P; Kumar, Palanisamy (2013) - Anti-tubercular activity The anti-mycobacterial activity of synthesized com- pounds (Fa-Fe) were assessed against M. tuberculosis using microplate Alamar Blue assay (MABA). Acknowledgement The authors are highly thankful to Maratha Mandal’s Nathajirao G. Halgekar Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre; Belgaum for anti-tubercular activity. Keywords: acp; activity; aryl; docking; enoyl; reductase; site; synthesis
• Evaluation of hypolipidemic, antidiabetic and anti-oxidant activity of Eulophia herbacea tubers by Tatiya, Anil U.; Puranik, Pallavi M.; Surana, Sanjay J.; Patil, Yogesh S.; Mutha, Rakesh E. (2013) - The study observed significant free-radical scavenging activity of E. herbacea extract against a wide variety of free radicals in a concentration-dependent manner among the tested doses which was comparable with standard anti- oxidants. The scavenging potential of E. herbacea extract might be due to the presence of phenolics and anti- oxidant vitamins (Jaya and Anuradha, 2010). Keywords: activity; anti; aqe; control; extract; glucomannan; glucose; group; herbacea; rats; tubers
• Hypoglycemic activity of Lagerstroemia speciosa L. extract on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat: Underlying mechanism of action by Saha, Barun Kanti; Bhuiyan, Md. Nurul Huda; Mazumder, Kishor; Haque, K. M. Formuzul (2009) - In the present study, attempts have been made to evaluate the mecha- nisms of action of hot water extract of L. speciosa on experimental diabetic rats through suppression of gluconeogenesis and stimulation of glucose oxida- tion using the pentose phosphate pathway. Abstract The hypoglycemic effect of Lagerstroemia speciosa L. leaves hot water extract on chemically induced diabetes in rat was investigated. Keywords: activity; effect; extract; leaves; rats; speciosa; water
• First report of anticancer agent, lapachol producing endophyte, Aspergillus niger of Tabebuia argentea and its in vitro cytotoxicity assays by Channabasava, .; Govindappa, Melappa (2014) - The 3rd fraction of A. niger lapachol strongly inhibited the Allium cepa root actively growing cells at various stages of cell cycle in antimitotic assay and the index was 22.5 mg/mL, the yeast cells were died due to toxicity and possessed the cell necrosis and they exhibited the DNA fragmentation. We have found that A. niger lapachol is induced mitotic activity at various levels of cell cycle viz., shrinked interphase cells, abnormal chromosomal distribution after metaphase, chromosomal bridges with vagrant chromosomes at anaphase, chromosomal stickiness and clumping in telophase, chromosomal bridge and clumping, chromosomal degeneration, large nucleolus, binucleolar and nucleolar burst and mega cell and chromosomal clumping in small cells was observed was compared with normal mitotic phases of interphase, metaphase and anaphase (Figure 7 and 8). Keywords: activity; alternata; cell; dna; endophytes; figure; lapachol; niger; penicillium; plant; yeast
• Molecular interactions of an alkaloid euchrestifoline as a new acetylcholinesterase inhibitor by Rehman, Fazal Ur; Khan, Muhammad Faird; Khan, Inamullah; Roohullah, - (2013) - Acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity To investigate the ACE-inhibitory activity we followed the method previously described (Khan et al., 2010; 2011), with slight modified spectrophotometric proce- dure. The method of (Khan et al., 2011) was followed to calculate the IC50 values. Keywords: ache; activity; ecf; et al; euchrestifoline; khan
• Inhibitory effect of leaf extract of Newbouldia laevis on the metabolic activities of alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase by Kolawole, Oyetunji T.; Akanji, Musbau A. (2013) - Effect of N. laevis extract on blood glucose level after oral sucrose load: This experiment was performed in normal and diabetic rats to confirm α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of N. laevis extract. These enzymes are located in the Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2013; 8: 371-377 375 Figure 3: Effect of N. laevis extract on blood glucose level in normal rats after oral sucrose load Values are expressed as the mean ± SEM (n = 6). Keywords: activity; amylase; blood; effect; extract; glucose; glucosidase; inhibition; laevis; rats
• Antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of Lithocarpus polystachyus against carbon tetrachloride-induced injuries in rat by Li, Shenghua; Zeng, Junying; Tan, Juan; Zhang, Jian; Wu, Qifan; Wang, Lingpeng; Wu, Xianjin (2014) - The assays for scavenging DPPH, ABTS, HO－and O2• － showed that total flavonoids of L. polystachyus had a 424 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2013; 8: 420-427 Table I Protective effect of total flavonoid of L. polystachyus on liver marker enzymes Group Glutamate pyruvate transaminase (IU/L) The enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione are key anti-oxidant enzymes that protect Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2013; 8: 420-427 425 Figure 2: Total flavonoid of L. polystachyus on liver and kidney superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione and malondialdehyde in CCl4-intoxicated mice Values are expressed as mean ± SEM; n = 10; ap<0.001 considered statistically significant as compared to normal control group; bp<0.001, cp<0.05 considered statistically significant as compared to carbon tetrachloride treated group; Group I: Normal, Group II: control, Group III: silymarin 100 (mg/kg), Group IV: total flavonoid of L. polystachyus 100 (mg/kg), Group V: total flavonoid of L. polystachyus 200 (mg/kg), Group VI: total flavonoid of L. polystachyus 400 (mg/kg) 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 S u p er o x id e d is m u ta se (U /m g p ro te in ) b a a b c c c c c c 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 G lu ta th io n e( m g /g p ro te in ) b b c c c c a a 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 C a ta la se (U /m g p r o te in ) b b c b ca a c c b 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 M a lo n d ia ld eh y d e (n m o l/ m g p ro te in ) b c c c c b b a a b A C B D against oxidative stress and tissue damage (Halliwell and Gutteridge, 1990). Keywords: activity; anti; ccl4; flavonoids; group; liver; polystachyus; rats; total
• Hepatoprotective activity of aqueous-methanolic extract of Suaeda fruticosa in paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in rabbits by Rehman, Jalil Ur; Saqib, Najam Us; Akhtar, Naveed; Jamshaid, Muhammad; Asif, Hafiz Muhammad; Sultana, Sabira; Rehman, Riaz Ur (2013) - The stained sections were examined under microscope for the analyzing of any change in the architecture of the liver tissue due to paracetamol challenge and improved liver architecture due to pretreatment with test extracts and standard drug (Luna, 1986). Huang B, Ban X, He J, Tong J, Tian J, Wang Y. Hepatoprotec- tive and anti-oxidant activity of ethanolic extracts of edible lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) leaves. Keywords: activity; bangladesh; extract; fruticosa; hepatoprotective; liver; paracetamol; pharmacol
• Antibacterial activity of chemical constituents isolated from Asparagus racemosus by Shah, Muhammad Abdullah; Abdullah, Syed Muhammad; Khan, Muhammad Azim; Nasar, Gulfam; Saba, Irum (2014) - In literature, extensive work has been done on various pharmacological properties like phytoestrogen effects (Sharma et al., 1996), adaptogenic effect (Rege et al., 1999), hypolipide- mic effect (Visavadiya and Narasimhacharya, 2005), immunomodulatory effects (Diwanay et al., 2004), antibacterial activity (Mandal et al., 2000; Patel and Patel, 2013; Antibacterial activity of chemical constituents isolated from Asparagus racemosus Muhammad Abdullah Shah1, Syed Muhammad Abdullah2,3, Muhammad Azim Khan4, Gulfam Nasar5 and Irum Saba6 1Department of Pharmacy, Sarhad University of Science & Information Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan; 2Department of Computer Science, Islamia College University, Peshawar, Pakistan; 3Institute of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Peshawar, Pakistan; 4Department of Weed Science, KPK Agricultural University, Peshawar, Pakistan; 5NCE in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan; 6Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan. Keywords: activity; asparagus; compound; plant; racemosus
• Antimicrobial activity of methanol extract and fractions from Sarcochlamys pulcherrima by Mazumder, Afjal Hussain; Das, Jayshree; Gogoi, Hemanta Kumar; Chattopadhyay, Pronobesh; Paul, Satya Bhusan (2014) - All fractions also displayed antimicrobial activity (5-20 mg/mL), indeed ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions showed better activity (MIC: 0.156 to 2.5 mg/mL). Antimicrobial activity of methanol extract and fractions from Sarcochlamys pulcherrima Afjal Hussain Mazumder1, Jayshree Das2, Hemanta Kumar Gogoi2, Pronobesh Chattopadhyay2 and Satya Bhusan Paul1 1Department of Chemistry, Assam University, Silchar, Assam 788 011, India; 2Defence Research Laboratory, Tezpur, Post Bag No. 02, Assam 784 001, India. Keywords: activity; antimicrobial; aureus; mtcc; zone
• Phytochemical screening, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of Asparagus laricinus leaf and stem extracts by Ntsoelinyane, Polo-Ma-Abiele Hildah; Mashele, Samson (2014) - Our results indicate that, A. laricinus leaf extracts have potential antimicrobial and anti-oxidant activities. Therefore in the present study, A. laricinus stem and leaf were collected to study their antibacterial activities, anti-oxidant activities and to investigate their active compounds in order to discover resources for new lead structures. Keywords: activity; anti; concentration; extracts; laricinus; leaf; stem
• Antimicrobial, antioxidant and calcium channel blocking activities of Amberboa divaricata by Iqbal, Shahid Muhammad; Mushtaq, Aamir; Jabeen, Qaiser (2014) - A 100 µL of crude plant extract (20 mg/mL) was added into first well. The MBC values for all three strains were same i.e. 5 mg/mL. Anti-oxidant capacity of A. divaricata crude extract was determined by calculating total phenolic contents, total anti-oxidant capacity and DPPH radical scavenging assay. Keywords: activities; activity; anti; calcium; compounds; concentration; divaricata; extract; pharmacol; plant; solution; tissue
• Design, docking, synthesis and anti-E. coli screening of novel thiadiazolo thiourea derivatives as possible inhibitors of Enoyl ACP reductase (FabI) enzyme by George, Sonia; Ramzeena, Mohammed Basheer; Ram, Sayee Vignesh; Selvaraj, Senthil Kumar; Rajan, Shinu; Ravi, Thengungal Kochupappy (2014) - No. Compound code Zone of inhibition (mm) 1 3a 22 2 3b 28 3 3c 22 4 3d 24 5 3e 20 6 3f 23 7 3g 21 8 3h 28 9 Ciprofloxacin 30 Figure 2: Snap shot representing the binding interactions of 3 hours binding with enoyl ACP reductase fab1 with the active residue GLY93 with two hydrogen bonds presence of IR absorption bands at 3262.134 and 1591.32 corresponded to NH and thiadiazolyl C=N respec- tively. To conclude with, the present research focussed on the design of enoyl ACP reductase inhibitors of E. coli has resulted in the development of novel thiourea linked 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives. Keywords: activity; coli; enoyl; mhz; nmr; reductase; thiadiazole
• Attenuation of hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia in high calorie fed/streptozotocin-treated rats by hydromethanolic extract of Padina tetrastromatica by Mohan, Divya S.; Saraswathy, Mini; Kurup, Muraleedhara Kurup Gopala (2014) - Treatment of diabetic rats with P. tetrastromatica extract significantly elevated the glycogen levels in respect to the diabetic control (Table I). Therefore, the present study was designed to investigate the anti-diabetic and hypolipide -mic effects of P. tetrastromatica extract in experimental diabetes mellitus. Keywords: activity; body; control; diabetes; diabetic; extract; glucose; glycogen; rats; tetrastromatica
• Quorum quenching and antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles synthesized from Sargassum polyphyllum by Arunkumar, Mani; Suhashini, Karuppaiyan; Mahesh, Narayanan; Ravikumar, Raju (2014) - Silver nanoparticles synthesis using seaweeds: 10 mL of aqueous extracts of S. polyphyllum (10 g sample in 100 mL distilled water) solution was added to 90 mL (1 mM silver nitrate, AR grade) to makeup final volume to 100 ml. Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Research Article Quorum quenching and antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles synthe- sized from Sargassum polyphyllum BJP Introduction Biological synthesis of nanoparticles using marine seaweeds has received much attention because of their potential to synthesize nanoparticles of various size, shape and morphology. Keywords: activity; aeruginosa; agnps; bacteria; marine; nanoparticles; polyphyllum; quorum; seaweed; silver; synthesis
• Hepatoprotective activity of aqueous methanolic extract of Morus nigra against paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in mice by Mallhi, Tauqeer Hussain; Qadir, M. Imran; Khan, Yusra Habib; Ali, Muhammad (2014) - The plant kingdom still holds many species containing substances of medicinal value which have yet to be discovered: large numbers of plants are constantly being screened for their possible pharmacological value particularly for their anti-inflammatory (Qadir, 2009), hypotensive (Qadir, 2010), hypoglycemic, amoebicidal, anti-fertility, cytotoxic, antibiotic (Amin et al., 2012), spasmolytic, bronchodilator (Janbaz et al., 2013), antioxidant (Janbaz et al., 2012) and hepatoprotective properties (Ahmad et al., 2012). Phar- macologically it has been reported that M. nigra is antioxidant (Ozgenet al., 2009), anti-nociceptive (Padil- haet al., 2009), anti-inflammatory (Padilhaet al., 2010), antidiabetic (Husseinzadehet al., 1999), antibacterial (Mazimbaet al., 2011), cardiac depressant (Malik et al., 2012), effective for maternal health (Volpetoet al., 2011), vermifuge and anti-cancer (Kumar and Chauhan, 2008). Keywords: activity; aqueous; bangladesh; extract; hepatoprotective; methanolic; morus; nigra; paracetamol; pharmacol
• Antimicrobial and cytotoxic potential of Dianthus basuticus used in Basotho traditional practice by Lamula, S. Q. Njabulo; Ashafa, A. O. Tom (2014) - Glo- bally, plant extracts are investigated for their all inclu- sive antimicrobial activities; yet, the therapeutic poten- tials of many of these plants have not been scientifically evaluated and validated (Fagbemi et al., 2009; According to Meyer et al. (1982), if the LC50 of any drug including plant extract is less than 100 μg/mL such drug is considered cytotoxic. Keywords: activity; bacteria; basuticus; ethanol; extracts; gram; mic; plant; strains; test; water
• Homology modeling and docking studies of Plasmodium falciparum telomerase reverse transcriptase with berberine and some of its derivatives by Parida, Pratap; Kalita, Samhita; Yadav, R. N. S.; Shankar, Brajesh (2014) - It is reported that berberine extract inhibited telomerase activity in a dose dependent manner over a range of 30- 300 μM. It indicated that P. falciparum telomerase might be a potential target for future malaria chemotherapy (Sriwilaijareon et al., 2002; Sharma et al., 2011; Dutta et al., 1962; Gardner et al., 2002; Singh et al., 2010). (Sriwilaijareon et al., 2002). Keywords: activity; bangladesh; berberine; docking; energy; et al; falciparum; ligand; pftert; protein; sequence; structure; studies; telomerase
• Hepatoprotective activity of Chenopodium murale in carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic damage in rabbits by Ullah, Aftab; Ahmad, Mahmood (2014) - This reflects the protection of structural and functional integrity of carbon tetrachloride damaged liver cells. Serum SGOT, SGPT and alkaline phosphatase elevation reflect liver damage due to disintegration of cell membrane and necrosis. Keywords: activity; carbon; control; damage; extract; group; hepatoprotective; liver; murale; tetrachloride
• In vitro antimicrobial screening of methanolic extracts of Cleome chelidonii and Cleome gynandra by Sridhar, Nimmakayala; Surya Kiran, Bondada V.V.S.; Sasidhar, Donthamsetti Tharaka; Kanthal, Lakshmi Kanta (2014) - The antimicrobial potency of plant extracts was assessed by their zone of inhibition and activity index values. Plant extracts were re-suspended in acetone (which has no activity against test microorganisms) to make 10 mg/mL final concentration and then two fold serially diluted. Keywords: activity; chelidonii; extracts; gynandra; mic; pharmacol
• Screening for antibacterial, antifungal and cytotoxic agents in three hard coral species from Persian Gulf by Mohamadizadeh, Flora; Afkhami, Majid; Ehsanpour, Maryam; Bahri, Amir Houshang (2014) - Materials and Methods Sampling and identification: Three species of hard corals were collected using SCUBA diving from Hendurabi Island (26°40' 44 N 53 °37' 29 E) in the Persian Gulf in 2011 at depths of 5-15 m. Each sample was cut into small pieces and then immediately frozen and main- tained at -20ºC Sessile Marine organisms such as holothurians, sea urchins and hard corals are therefore also susceptible to microbial invasion. Keywords: activity; antibacterial; coral; extracts; gulf; marine; persian; species
• In vitro antibacterial activity and phytochemical analysis of hexane extract of Vicia sativa by Saleem, Mohammad; Karim, Mahrukh; Qadir, Muhammad Imran; Ahmed, Bilal; Rafiq, Maria; Ahmad, Bashir (2014) - Sample of plant extract (n-hexane) was prepared by adding small amount of extract in 5 mL distilled water, mix it well then 12 mL methanol was added in it, shake it well then stay for 5 min. 6 mL distilled water was added and again stay for 5 min. 10 mL of 15 M HCl was added to it and place this in digital drying oven for 2 hours. Rauha JP, Remes S, Heinonen M, Hopia A, Kahkonen M, Kujala T, Pihlaja K, Vuorela H, Vuorela P. Antimicrobial effects of Finnish plant extracts containing flavonoids and other phenolic compounds. Keywords: acid; activity; antibacterial; et al; extract; hexane; plant; sativa
• Hepatoprotective activity of Thymus linearis against paracetamol and carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in albino mice by Alamgeer, -; Nawaz, Mehwish; Ahmad, Taseer; Mushtaq, Muhammad Naveed; Batool, Asma (2014) - Group 3 and 4 were treated daily 250 and 500 mg/kg of ether extract, while group 5 and 6 received 250 and 500 mg/kg of aqueous extract of T. linearis respectively for 4 days orally and on the 2nd and 3rd day CCl4 was given half an hour after the administration of extract dose. Treatment with T. linearis extracts restored the elevated values of liver enzymes near to normal level, which is a clear manifestation of antihepatotoxic effect of T. linearis extracts. Keywords: activity; ether; extract; group; hepatoprotective; liver; paracetamol
• Screening of antimicrobial compound from the sea slug Armina babai by Ramya, Mayavan Sivaprakasam; Sivasubramanian, Kanagasabapathy; Ravichandran, Samuthirapandian; Anbuchezhian, Ramasamy (2014) - The MIC of A. babai extracts were determined against the test pathogens by a standard agar dilution method. 200 100 >200 >200 >200 Pseudomonas sp >200 25 >200 200 200 P. aeruginosa 150 50 200 >200 100 S.paratyphi >200 200 200 >200 >200 S. typhi >200 150 >200 >200 200 S. aureus 150 200 >200 100 50 Vibrio cholerae >200 200 >200 200 100 *No bacterial growth in the negative control plate Figure 2: TLC profile of A. babai extracts Figure 3: Molecular determination of A. babai extracts (L1- Protein marker; L2- Extracts) babai was estimated as 21.4% of dry weight .The electrophoretic profiles obtained from the extracts displayed the largest protein concentration. Keywords: + +; activity; babai; cm-1; extracts; inhibition; sea; zone
• In vitro variation in antibacterial activity plant extracts on Glaucium elegans and saffron (Crocus sativus) by Heidari Soureshjani, Ehsan; Heidari, Mina (2014) - d ia m et er a re a (m m ) 25 20 15 10 5 0 µg/disc 250 µg/disc 750 µg/disc 1500 Concentration of vegetal extracts 2 0 0 1 10 18 12 12 9 13 13 23 22 21 E. coil Proteus Staphylococcus aureus Salmonella enteritidis Bacillus anthracis Figure 1: Antimicrobial activity extract of G. elegans divaricata. The tests for antibacterial effect establish of vegetal extracts revealed that most of the extracts are representing an important source of substances with antimicrobial activity. Keywords: activity; antimicrobial; bangladesh; disc; elegans; extracts; saffron
• A diterpenoid sugiol from Metasequoia glyptostroboides with α-glucosidase and tyrosinase inhibitory potential by Bajpai, Vivek K.; Kang, Sun Chul (2014) - These findings confirm the therapeutic potential of diterpenoid compound sugiol from M. glyptostroboides as a novel candidate for using in food and medicine industry which may have practical potential to cure skin and diabetes mellitus type-2 related disorders. The inhibitiory effect of diterpenoid compound sugiol on the tyrosinase using a mushroom tyrosinase is demonstrated in Figure 3. Keywords: activity; compound; et al; glucosidase; glyptostroboides; inhibitory; sugiol; tyrosinase
• Hepatoprotective activity of methanolic extract of Malva parviflora against paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in mice by Mallhi, Tauqeer Hussain; Abbas, Khizar; Ali, Muhammad; Qadir, Muhammad Imran; Saleem, Mohammad; Khan, Yusra Habib (2014) - Many plants have been identified as hepatoprotective like Trianthema decandra (Balamurugan and Muthu- samy, 2008), Cocculus hirsutus (Thakare et al., 2009), Carica papaya (Sadeque and Begum, 2010), Carissa spinarum (Hegde and Joshi, 2010), Convolvulus arvensis (Ali et al., 2013), Dodonaea viscosa (Khan et al., 2013), Trichodesma sedgwickianum (Saboo et al., 2013), OfIpo- moea staphylina (Bag and Mumtaz, 2013), Khamira Gaozaban Ambri Jadwar Ood Saleeb Wala (Akhtar et al., 2013), Cestrum nocturnum (Qadir et al., 2014a), Viola odorata (Qadir et al., 2014b), Chenopodium murale (Saleem et al., 2014) and Morus nigra (Mallhi et al., 2014). At the 8th day, blood samples were collected to estimate ALT, AST, ALP and total bilirubin; and livers from animals were separated for histo- pathological examination (Ali et al., 2013). Keywords: activity; extract; hepatoprotective; parviflora; qadir
• Phytochemical, antioxidant, antiviral and cytotoxic evaluation of Opuntia dillenii flowers by Kumar, Arthanari Saravana; Ganesh, Mani; Peng, Mei Mei; Hyun Tae, Jang (2014) - Brand-Williams W, Cuvelier ME, Berset C. Use of free radical method to evaluate anti-oxidant activity, LWT- Food Sci Tech. 1995; 28: 25-30. In anti-oxidant assay, the DPPH assay exhibited potent anti-oxidant abilities with IC50 of 58.7 µg/mL. Keywords: + +; activity; anti; cells; dillenii; extract
• Antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Limonia elephantum leaves by Kamalakannan, K.; Balakrishnan, Veluchamy (2014) - The results of the present studies strongly indicate that the higher dose (400 mg/kg) of ethanolic extract of L. elephantum proved against hepatoprotective effects and also the anti-oxidant properties. Its functions are mainly concerned with the removal of free radical species such as hydrogen peroxide, superoxide 386 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2014; 9: 383-388 Table I Effect of L. elephantum extract on various biochemical parameters in paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity Group Dose (mg/kg) SGOT (IU/L) SGPT (IU/L) Keywords: activity; bangladesh; elephantum; extract; group; liver; paracetamol; pharmacol; rats; serum
• Antiviral activity of leaf-bud gum-resin of Tarenna asiatica by Ramabharathi, Vatsavaya; Saigopal, Divi Venkata Ramana; Rajitha, Galla (2014) - The number of lesions per leaf in the case of french bean, cowpea and chenopodium of the papaya ring spot virus (PRSV), sesbania mosaic virus (SeMV) and 402 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2014; 9: 398-405 Table I Viral plaque assay of sample TN-1 (corymbosin) with pre-, post- and simultaneous inoculation treatments with BHK-21 and Vero cell lines Name of Virus (100 TCID50 units of virus) Cell line Control (pfu/well) Dilution Pre-inoculation (pfu/well) Post-inoculation (pfu/well) Simultaneous inocu- lation (pfu/well) BTV BHK-21 92 ± 0.1 1/10 72 ± 0.0 (-21.7)a 54 ± 0.0 (-41.3)a 84 ± 0.0 (-8.7)a 1/100 29 ± 0.0 (-68.5)a 12 ±0.0 (-86.9)a 41 ± 0.0 (-55.4)a 1/1000 12 ± 0.0 (-87.0)a 02 ± 0.0 (-97.8)a 29 ± 0.0 (-68.5)a 1/10,000 02 ± 0.0 (-97.8)a 00 ± 0.0 (100.0)a 09 ± 0.0 (-90.0)a C HIKV Vero 1/10 91 ± 0.0 (-23.5)a 42 ± 0.0 (-64.7)a 102 ± 0.0 (-14.3)a 119 ± 0.0 1/100 41 ± 0.0 (-65.5)a 22 ± 0.0 (-81.5)a 52 ± 0.0 (-56.3)a 1/1000 29 ± 0.0 (-75.6)a 09 ± 0.0 (-92.4)a 22 ± 0.0 (-81.5)a 1/10,000 09 ± 0.0 (-92.4)a 02 ± 0.0 (-98.3)a 12 ± 0.0 (- 89.9)a Results are averages of three replicates of individual experiments. Keywords: activity; asiatica; cell; corymbosin; inoculation; leaf; plant; virus; viruses
• Structural characterizations of lead anticancer compounds from the methanolic extract of Jatropha tanjorensis by Arun, Purushothaman K.; Rajesh, Sivarathri S.; Sundaram, Sankaranarayanan M.; Sivaraman, Thirunavukkarasu; Brindha, Pemiah (2014) - Based on the extensive in silico experiments it was understood that methanolic extract of J. tanjorensis brings its anti-cancer activity through inhibiting anti-apoptotic proteins and inducing the activity of pro-apoptotic proteins. It implies that the unique structural architectures of the VN and AN are crucial to accounting their specific interactions with anti-apoptotic proteins over pro- apoptotic proteins. Keywords: activity; anti; apoptosis; bangladesh; bcl-2; cancer; cells; compounds; extract; figure; flavonoids; mass; methanolic; min; proteins; tanjorensis
• Copper thiosemicarbazones: Antiproliferative action against C6 glioma cells by Fu, Qiang; Gao, Zhi-Yu; Zhang, Jie; Sun, Han-Yu; Liu, Chao; Ren, Jin-Hong (2014) - A wide range of phenotypic modifications were occurred in glioblastoma cells after exposure to the thiosemicarba- zones and its copper complexes. It is well known that glioblastoma cells express wild- type p53 protein (Jones et al., 2003). Keywords: activity; bangladesh; cells; cm-1; complexes; compounds; copper; glioblastoma; mol; p53; thiosemicarbazones
• Anticancer activity of Morus nigra leaves extract by Qadir, Muhammad Imran; Ali, Muhammad; Ibrahim, Zubair (2014) - Anti-cancer activity Single cell suspension was made by trypsin-ethylene- diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) and layer of cells was separated. It was concluded that M. nigra possess anti-cancer activity. Keywords: activity; cancer; cell; extract; nigra
• Hepatoprotective activity of fruit extract of Garcinia pedunculata by Mundugaru, Ravi; Chakkravarthy, Madhan; Basavaiah, Ravishankar (2014) - Microscopic examination of liver sections from parace- tamol treated group showed extensive disturbance in the liver cytoarchitecture in comparison to the sections from normal control liver sections (Figure 1A-D). Liver sections from sylimarin and paracetamol injected rats (C-F). Keywords: activity; changes; extract; group; liver; paracetamol; pedunculata; sections
• Alpha-amylase inhibitory activities of ascidians in the treatment of diabetes mellitus by Prabhu, Antonyraj Selva; Ananthan, Gnanakkan (2014) - Didemnum vexil- lum 48 ± 0.6 62 ± 0.3 74 ± 0.1 - - - 48 ± 0.6 54 ± 0.3 61 ± 1.0 Trididemnum savignii - - - - - - - 30 ± 0.3 53 ± 0.6 Polyclinum au- rantium - 4 ± 0.2 12 ± 0.1 - - - - 52 ± 0.3 65 ± 0.2 Polyclinum sp. - - - - - - 44 ± 0.2 - - Ascidia ahodori 44 ± 0.2 63 ± 0.3 71 ± 0.6 - - - - 29 ± 0.5 45 ± 0.1 Ascidia sp. - - - 44 ± 0.9 52 ± 0.6 58 ± 0.1 inhibition activity was observed in methanol extracts and showed superior activity for 9 species except T. savignii and the maximum activity was noted in P. mammillata (81%) at 300 µg/mL and the least activity is noted in P. aurantium at 200 µg/mL. Very poor amylase inhibition activity is recorded in acetone extracts and only Microcosmus sp. showed inhibition activity (53%) %Inhibition of ethyl acetate ex- tracts ( µg/mL) Names 100 200 300 100 200 300 100 200 300 Phallusia mam- millata 65 ± 0.2 78 ± 0.0 81 ± 0.9 - - - 40 ± 0.7 12 ± 1.0 35 ± 0.0 Phallusia arabica 45 ± 0.6 65 ± 0.7 68 ± 0.7 - - - 45 ± 0.6 60 ± 0.8 65 ± 0.1 Microcosmus squamiger 40 ± 0.7 60 ± 0.4 68 ± 0.5 - - - 65 ± 0.2 55 ± 0.6 68 ± 0.0 Microcosmus sp. 48 ± 0.1 50 ± 0.5 60 ± 1.2 29 ± 0.3 50 ± 0.6 53 ± 0.1 48 ± 0.0 33 ± 0.5 57 ± 0.9 Keywords: activity; inhibition; mammillata
• Hepatoprotective studies on methanolic extract of whole plant of Lindernia ciliata by Praneetha, Pallerla; Rani, Vanapatla Swaroopa; Reddy, Yellu Narasimha; Kumar, Bobbala Ravi (2014) - Normal 63.6 ± 3.1 77.4 ± 2.6 339.2 ± 8.1 0.2 ± 0.0 0.04 ± 0.01 8.8 ± 0.3 3.7 ± 0.0 163.4 ± 6.2 12.7 ± 2.1 Toxic 126.8 ± 6.7 366.4 ± 18.3 838.2 ± 8.5 2.1 ± 0.1 1.1 ± 0.1 3.1 ± 0.2 1.8 ± 0.2 385.3 ± 7.9 147.2 ± 4.8 Standard 74.7 ± 1.9a 100.7 ± 3.2a 378.5 ± 8.9a 0.3 ± 0.0a 0.1 ± 0.0a 8.2 ± 0.3a 3.3 ± 0.1a 183.7 ± 4.9a 24.1 ± 5.5a Extract 100 mg/kg 94.9 ± 2.2a 153.3 ± 5.5a 444.7 ± 5.1a 0.5 ± 0.0a 0.4 ± 0.0a 6.7 ± 0.2a 2.7 ± 0.0a 224.1 ± 3.2a 54.1 ± 2.5a Normal 31.4 ± 2.1 63.2 ± 2.8 392.1 ± 7.2 0.1 ± 0.0 0.1 ± 0.0 8.1 ± 0.1 4.9 ± 0.5 221.4 ± 1.5 12.6 ± 3.5 Toxic 132.7 ± 6.1 178.3 ± 4.1 843.2 ± 7.3 2.8 ± 0.1 0.8 ± 0.1 3.0 ± 0.1 2.2 ± 0.3 591.6 ± 2.7 145.6 ± 5.2 Standard 49.3 ± 3.6a 78.3 ± 3.2a 434.3 ± 7.5a 0.4 ± 0.0a 0.1 ± 0.0a 7.2 ± 0.3a 4.4 ± 0.3a Keywords: 0.0a; activity; ethanol; extract; liver; paracetamol; radical; rats
• Amelioration of carbon tetrachloride- and paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats by Ficus dalhousiae by Ghori, Syed Safiullah; Khan, Mohib; Rahman, Shaikh Abdul (2014) - Liver diseases are among the most serious disorders. Liver disease is still a worldwide health problem. Keywords: activity; ccl4; extract; hepatoprotective; hepatotoxicity; liver; paracetamol; reagent; test
• Antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extracts of Justicia neesii by Nimmakayala, Sridhar; Duggirala, Suguna Lakshmi; Puchchakayala, Goverdhan (2014) - So it was consider worthwhile to elucidate the antimicrobial properties of J. neesii plant extracts. The yield of plant extract was found to be 10.58 % (w/w). Keywords: activity; extract; gram; neesii; plant; values
• In vitro phytochemical and antimicrobial screening of Thymus linearis by Naz, Attiqa; Saeed, Muhammad; Hussain, Muhammad Medrar; Ishaq, Muhammad Saqib (2015) - For compound identification of T. linearis extracts, FTIR spectroscopy was used. Preliminary phytochemi-cal screening of plant extracts showed the existence of terpenoids, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, glycosides and reducing sugars. Keywords: activity; extracts; linearis; plant; strains; thymus
• Medicinal plants in the protection and treatment of liver diseases by Saleem, Mohammad; Naseer, Faiza (2014) - Flavonoids also have ability to scavenge the superoxide anion and hydroxyl radicals and terminate chain radical reactions (Kumar et al., 2011). ↑ SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, GST, and GSH Srivastava and Shivanan dappa, 2006 41 Dodonaea viscose (Sapindaceae) Leaves Methanol Alloxan Rabbit ↓ ALT, AST, LDLC, HDL TC and STG Ahmad et al., 2011 42 Eclipta alba (Asteraceae) Whole plant Ethanol PCT Mice ↓ ALT level, fatty degeneration and centrizonal liver necrosis Tabassum et al., 2004 43 Keywords: activity; alp; alp levels; alt; ast; bangladesh; carbon; ccl4; ccl4 rat; damage; et al; ethanol; extract; gsh; hepatic; hepatoprotective; hepatotoxicity; leaves; levels; liver; mice; paracetamol; pct; pharmacol; plant; rat ↓; rats; sci; sgot; sgpt; tetrachloride
• Anti-cancer activity and apoptosis inducing effect of methanolic extract of Cordia dichotoma against human cancer cell line by Rahman, Md. Azizur; Hussain, Arshad (2015) - Whereas, the control groups showed no increase of apoptotic cells and no evident of DNA fragments, it was indicated that MECD could specifically induce apoptosis of cancer cells. Antiproliferation and induction of apoptosis by Moringa oleifera leaf extract on human cancer cells. Keywords: activity; anti; apoptosis; cancer; cells; extract; fluorescence; hela; human; mecd
• Exploration of antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of methanolic extract of root stock of Premna herbacea by Dhamija, Isha; Kumar, Nitesh; Pai, K.S.R.; Setty, M. Manjunath; Kumar, Sandeep; Jana, Asim K. (2014) - I: Antimicrobial activity of Premna herbacea extracts and fractions on Gram negative and Gram positive organisms Organism Strain MIC value of various extracts and standard (µg/mL) Aqueous extract, alcoholic extract, ethyl acetate fraction and butanol fraction of alcoholic extract were used for this study. Keywords: activity; ethyl; extracts; fraction; herbacea
• In vitro antimicrobial evaluation of pyrazolone derivatives by Ahar, Leile Rahimi; Sadr, Moayad Hossaini; Zare, Karim; Tabatabaei, Samad Motameni (2015) - Tetracycline (TE 30), was used as standard for antibacterial activity. Jeon JH, Park JH, Lee HS. 2-isopropyl-5-methylphenol isolated from Ruta graveolens and its structural analogs show antibacterial activity against food-borne bacteria. Keywords: activity; bacteria; compounds; mbc; mic
• Anti-cancer activity of Ruellia squarrosa against human prostate cancer cell line by Afzal, Muhammad Khurram; Uzair, Muhammad; Chaudhry, Bashir Ahmad (2015) - We have evaluated anti-cancer activity of R. squarrosa against human prostate cancer cell lines. Many plants have recently reported with anti-cancer activity like Aspergillus niger (Channabasava et al., 2014) and Morus nigra (Qadir et al., 2014). Keywords: activity; cancer; cell; prostate; ruellia; squarrosa
• Antibacterial activities, anti-oxidant contents and antioxidant properties of three traditional Chinese medicinal extracts by Li, Wenbin; Sun, Hongyan; Zhou, Jianwu; Zhang, Yabiao; Liu, Linjie; Gao, Ye (2015) - Fu R, Zhang YT, Guo YR, Liu FX, Chen F. Determination of phenolic contents and anti-oxidant activities of extracts of Jatropha curcas L. seed shell, a by-product, a new source of natural anti-oxidant. Composition and anti-oxidant activity of aqueous and ethanolic Pelargonium radula extracts. Keywords: activity; anti; antibacterial; baicalensis; chinese; extracts; oleraceus; plants; value
• Phytochemical, antimicrobial and cytotoxic evaluation of Indigofera serpentinicola by Kahiya, Charmaine; Zimudzi, Clemence (2015) - Figure 1: Brine shrimp mortality against methanol extract concentration 170 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2015; 10: 166-172 Probits Linear (Probits) Y = -3.612x + 7.8096 R2 = 0.9245 Probit analysis of aqueous extract cytotoxicity P ro bi t 8 6 4 2 0 0 0.5 1 1.5 Log concentration Figure 2: The LC50 values for both extracts were less than <1000 µg/mL that Meyer et al. (1982) noted to be the threshold of toxicity for plant extracts. Keywords: activity; extract; growth growth; plant; presence; test; water
• Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel bergapten derivatives as potent lipid lowering agents by Lu, Jian-Hong; Shen, Zhen; Zhang, Shu-Xin; Zhang, Jin-Yu (2015) - Among all the tested analogs, compound 5 displayed the best activity with overall triglyceride lowering activity of 41%. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ 3.81 (3H, s), 3.89 (3H, s), 6.29 (1H, d, J=16Hz), 6.86 (1H, d, J=2.28 Hz), 7.09 (1H, s), 7.44 (1H, d, J=2.65 Hz), 6.29 (1H, d, J=15.55 Hz); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3): δ 56.33, 60.65, 93.82, 105.66, 112.53, 116.54, 123.36, 135.23, 146.77, 152.57, 156.57, 157.35, 169.01;IR (KBr) maxcm-1: 2941, 1682, 1608, 1593, 1486, 1384, 1366, 1314, 1266, 1162, ESI-MS (m/z): 249.07 (M+ H) +. Keywords: activity; bergapten; cdcl3; mhz; nmr
• Cytotoxic activity of isolated constituents from leaves of Premna serratifolia on MCF-7 and HT-29 cell lines by Biradi, Mahesh; Hullatti, Kirankumar (2015) - Two isolates were found to be active and which were tested on cancer cell lines MCF-7 and HT-29 for their cytotoxicity. As part of ongoing investigation P. serratifolia plant has been selected for bioactivity guided isolation and here cytotoxic activity of two isolated constituents from the n-hexane soluble fraction (unsaponifiable portion) of methanolic extract of P. serratofolia leaves on human cancer cell lines. Keywords: activity; cancer; cell; fractions; lines; premna; serratifolia
• In vitro studies on the antimicrobial, antioxidant and antidiabetic potential of Cephalaria gigantea by Mbhele, Nobuhle; Balogun, Fatai O.; Kazeem, Mutiu I.; Ashafa, Tom (2015) - A sensitive and quick microplate method to deter- mine the minimal inhibitory concentration of plant extracts for bacteria. The observed reduced inhibition of micro-organisms by the water and hydro-ethanol extracts of C. gigantea leaf may not be unconnected with -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 0.5 1.0 1.5 Extract Control 1 /v ( m M /m in ) Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2015; 10: 214-221 219 -3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 1/[S] (mM)-1 1/ v (m M /m in 1.5 1.0 0.5 Control Extract Figure 1: Mode of inhibition of α-amylase by water extract of Cephalaria gigantea root 10 20 30 Extract Control 1 /v ( m M /m in ) 1/[S] (mM)-1 1/ v (m M /m in Control Extract -3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 30 20 10 Figure 2: Mode of inhibition of α-glucosidase by ethanol extract of Cephalaria gigantea leaf the fact the active antimicrobial agents in the plant may be non-polar (Mabona and Van Vuuren, 2013). Keywords: activity; amylase; anti; ethanol; extracts; gigantea; inhibition; leaf; root; water
• Pharmacological evaluation of Dactyloctenium aegyptium: An indigenous plant used to manage gastrointestinal ailments by Janbaz, Khalid Hussain; Saqib, Fatima (2015) - i.e., Lactuca serriola (Janbaz et al., 2013b), Cletis africana (Khan et al., 2012), Carthamus oxycantha (Gilani et al., 2005a), Calendula officinalis (Bashir et al., 2006) apparently to keep spasmogenic and spasmolytic effects within tolerable limits by the nature. The contractile activity of test materials on isolated rabbit jejunum preparations is comparable to that of acetylcholine (ACh), which can be suppressed on pretreatment with atropine (0.1 µM) (Janbaz et al., 2013). Keywords: activity; aegyptium; ca++; contractions; da.cr; effect; extract; jejunum; preparations; rabbit; tissue
• In vitro anticancer potential and GC-MS analysis of Drimia nagarjunae, an endangered medicinal plant by Alluri, Narendranath; Majumdar, Mala (2015) - Among Drimia species, D. indica and D. maritima have reported to exhibit anti-cancer activity (Ganesh et al., 2012; Bozcuket al., 2011). No pharmacological investigation in the perspec-tive of anti-cancer activity has yet been reported on D. nagarjunae. Keywords: activity; cancer; chl; eae; extracts; nagarjunae
• Calcium channels blocked activity: Providing the basis for medicinal use of Abies pindrow in diarrhea and bronchitis by Mushtaq, Sohaib; Chaudhry, Mueen Ahmad; Rahman, Hafiz Muhammad Abdul (2015) - In our previous studies, involvement of calcium channel blocking activity was observed as underlying cause of spasmolytic effect of crude extract (urRahaman et al., 2013; Chaudhary et al., 2012). The presence of calcium channel blocking activity in crude extract may give the possible explanation for traditional use of plant in diarrhea. Keywords: activity; calcium; concentration; extract; pindrow; tissue; verapamil
• In vitro antioxidant, antifungal and cytotoxic activity of methanolic extract of Calligonum polygonoides by Khan, Arif; Khan, Rahmat Ali; Ahmed, Mushtaq; Mushtaq, Nadia (2015) - Eighty percent death rate of brine shrimp was observed at 1,000 μg/mL of plant extract. The ABTS (2,2, -azo-bis-(3-ethyl benzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) free 318 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2015; 10: 316-320 Table I Survival and death of brine shrimps in the presence of various concentration of plant extract Concentration of plant extract (μg/mL) Total number of brine shrimps Survived brine shrimps % Survival % Death 50 10.0 ± 0.0 9.0 ± 1.0 90.0 ± 1.0 10.0 ± 0.0 100 10.0 ± 0.0 7.4 ± 1.2 70.0 ± 1.5 30.0 ± 0.5 250 10.0 ± 0.0 5.1 ± 1.0 50.4 ± 2.0 50.0 ± 0.9 500 10.0 ± 0.0 3.4 ± 1.6 30.2 ± 2.5 70.0 ± 0.5 1,000 10.0 ± 0.0 2.3 ± 1.8 20.1 ± 1.8 80.0 ± 0.8 Data are mean ± SD Table II Antifungal activity of Calligonum polygonoides methanolic extract (% inhibition) Keywords: activity; anti; extract; methanolic; plant; polygonoides; scavenging
• Antimicrobial screening of Mnium stellare by Canli, Kerem; Altuner, Ergin Murat; Akata, Ilgaz (2015) - In this study, antimicrobial activity of Mnium stellare was determined against 17 bacterial and 1 fungal strains. Previous studies have shown that bryophytes produce a variety of secondary metabolites that present pharmaceutical activities including antimicrobial activity against various pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Keywords: activity; altuner; antimicrobial; atcc; epidermidis; extracts; screening; stellare; study; subtilis
• Synthesis of 4-aminoantipyrine derived Schiff bases and their evaluation for antibacterial, cytotoxic and free radical scavenging activity by Shoaib, Mohammad; Rahman, Ghawsur; Ali Shah, Syed Wadood; Umar, Mohammad Naveed (2015) - They are reported for various pharmacological activities such as bacteriostatic (Karthikeyan et al., 2006), bactericidal (Metzler et al., 1980), antimalarial (Harpstrite et al., 2008), anti-oxidant activities (Thorat et al., 2012), antiviral (Maity et al., 2012), anti-pyretic (Kalaivani et al., 2012), antifungal (Cinarli et al., 2011), insecticidal (Patil et al., 2012), anti-tumor (Venkatesan et al., 2012) and anti-inflammatory (Shivarama et al., 2003). Burdulene D, Palaima A, Stumbryavichyute Z, Talaikite Z. Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of 4-aminoanti- pyrine derivatives of succinamides. Keywords: activity; bases; ppm; schiff; synthesis
• In vitro anthelmintic activity of Heliotropium indicum, Senna fistula and Spigelia anthelmia used as worm expeller in South West Nigeria by Sobiyi, Oluwakemi K.; Ashafa, A. O. Tom (2015) - Anthelmintic activity using Indian earthworms (Pheretima posthuma) The effect of the anthelmintic activity of S. anthelmia root is consistent with the report of Ezike et al. (2013), in which the whole plant methanol extract used against earthworm showed best potential anthelmintic effect of the three plants used for the study, he further claimed that the effect could be accounted for due to its alkaloids constituent as such compounds have been associated with anthelmintic activity (Makkaret al., 2007). Keywords: activity; anthelmia; anthelmintic; extracts; indicum; plants; water
• Evaluation of antileishmanial activity of plants used in Indian traditional medicine by Sidana, Arushdeep; Farooq, Umar (2015) - Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Research Article Evaluation of antileishmanial activity Evaluation of antileishmanial activity Evaluation of antileishmanial activity of plants used in Indian traditional of plants used in Indian traditional of plants used in Indian traditional medicinemedicinemedicine BJP Introduction Leishmaniasis is a current public health concern and is among the five parasitic diseases of high social impact world-wide (de Albuquerque Melo et al., 2014). Sidana A, Farooq U. Evaluation of antileishmanial activity of plants used in Indian traditional medicine. Keywords: activity; compounds; extracts; plants
• Antitoxin activity of Mimosa pudica root extracts against Naja naja and Bangarus caerulus venoms by Meenatchisundaram, Subramani; Priyagrace, Selvin; Vijayaraghavan, Ramasamy; Velmurugan, Ambikapathi; Parameswari, Govindarajan; Michael, Antonysamy (2009) - Snake venoms and antivenoms: Critical supply issues. Development of simple standard assay procedures for the characterization of snake venoms. Keywords: activity; cobra; edema; extracts; krait; naja; plant; pudica; venom
• Screening of Ranunculus sceleratus for enzyme inhibition, antibacterial and antioxidant activities by Shahid, Sammia; Riaz, Tauheeda; Asghar, Muhammad Nadeem (2015) - The FRAP values of the studied fractions were calculated and it was found that among all the fractions the ethyl acetate soluble fraction 440 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2015; 10: 436-442 Table II Percentage inhibition of various fractions of R. sceleratus against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria Samples %Inhibition S. typhi (+) E. coli (-) P. aeroginosa (-) B. subtilis (+) S. aerus (+) n-Hexane fraction 25.6 ± 0.5 27.3 ± 0.0 34.3 ± 1.1 35.8 ± 0.9 26.8 ± 0.3 Chloroform soluble fraction 60.4 ± 0.6 62.7 ± 0.8 70.6 ± 1.4 62.7 ± 3.8 58.2 ± 1.2 Ethyl acetate soluble fraction 72.3 ± 2.3 62.8 ± 2.4 71.6 ± 0.5 53.9 ± 2.6 64.2 ± 0.0 n-Butanol soluble fraction 61.7 ± 0.8 64.3 ± 0.6 74.4 ± 2.1 54.2 ± 2.6 63.8 ± 2.6 Remaining aqueous fraction 61.4 ± 0.9 67.9 ± 0.3 71.7 ± 0.6 59.4 ± 0.1 64.0 ± 1.4 Ciprofloxacina 90.5 ± 1.2 90.1 ± 0.4 92.3 ± 1.9 91.3 ± 2.0 93.1 ± 2.6 All results are presented as mean ± standard mean error of three assays; aStandard reference drug Table III MIC50 activities of various fractions of Ranunculus sceleratus against Gram-positive and Gram-negative Samples MIC 50 S. typhi (+) E. coli (-) P. aeroginosa (-) B. subtilis (+) S. aerus (+) n-Hexane fraction - - - - - Chloroform soluble fraction 10.4 ± 0.4 11.6 ± 0.3 7.1 ± 0.5 15.5 ± 0.7 12.0 ± 0.8 Ethyl acetate soluble fraction 10.8 ± 0.3 10.7 ± 0.2 7.8 ± 0.8 9.1 ± 0.1 10.8 ± 0.3 n-Butanol soluble fraction 10.4 ± 0.4 10.9 ± 0.6 5.6 ± 0.3 12.1 ± 0.4 11.2 ± 0.2 Remaining aqueous fraction 11.3 ± 0.3 10.7 ± 0.5 5.3 ± 0.4 9.1 ± 0.6 ± 10.5 ± 0.8 Ciprofloxacina 8.1 ± 0.2 8.2 ± 0.1 10.0 ± 0.1 9.0 ± 0.0 8.1 ± 0.2 Table IV IC50, total anti-oxidant activity, FRAP values, total phenolics and lipid peroxidation of Ranunculus sceleratus Sample IC50 µg/mL Chloroform soluble fraction 47.0 ± 1.0 0.8 ± 0.0 158.0 ± 1.1 73.3 ± 1.0 21.6 ± 0.9 Ethyl acetate soluble fraction 85.0 ± 0.6 1.0 ± 0.0 238.5 ± 1.1 97.1 ± 1.0 53.7 ± 1.6 n-Butanol soluble fraction 44.1 ± 0.8 1.0 ± 0.0 148.0 ± 0.9 79.6 ± 1.0 48.0 ± 1.5 Remaining aqueous fraction 81.5 ± 1.3 0.6 ± 0.0 46.0 ± 1.3 64.6 ± 0.5 18.2 ± 0.5 Ascorbic acida 58.9 ± 1.8 - - - - BHTa - 0.8 ± 1.2 - - 62.5 ± 1.1 Blank - - 20.4 16.5 - All results are presented as mean ± standard mean error of three assays. Keywords: activity; anti; enzyme; fraction; ic50; inhibition; sceleratus; soluble
• Phytochemical screening and diuretic activity of Euphorbia granulata by Saleem, Hammad; Ahmad, Irshad; Gill, M. Shoaib Ali (2015) - Therefore, this study was designed to provide scientific evidence to the ethno- botanical uses of diuretic activity of crude aqueous methanol extract of E. granulata in normal albino rat model, and determine the toxicity and effects of E. granulate on excretion of urinary electrolytes. Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate diuretic activity of aqueous methanolic extract of Euphorbia granulate in rats. Keywords: activity; diuretic; extract; granulate; urine
• In vitro inhibitory potential of methanolic extract of Celosia argentea var. cristata on tyrosinase, acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase enzymes by Saqib, Fatima; Janbaz, Khalid Hussain; Sherwani, Maryam Khan (2015) - Eserine 0.5 mM - 91.3 ± 1.2 82.8 ± 1.1 - 0.0 ± 0.0 0.9 ± 0.0 Kojic acid 0.5 mM 93.5 ± 0.9 - - 6.0 ± 0.1 - - All experiments are performed in triplicate and represented as mean± SEM; Standard drugs used are Kojic acid for tyrosinase inhibition and eserine for AChE and BChE inhibition K ojic A ci d(0 .5 m M ) Anti-oxidant activity also affect tyrosinase activity (Kim et al., 2008). Keywords: acetylcholinesterase; activity; anti; argentea; argentea var; celosia; cristata; extract; inhibition; tyrosinase; var
• Antiviral mode of action of Lactobacillus plantarum YML009 on Influenza virus H1N1 by Rather, Irfan Ahmad; Choi, Kwang-Ho; Bajpai, Vivek K.; Park, Yong-Ha (2015) - In brief, L. plantarum YML009 was incubated in MRS broth with pH 2.5, and 1N HCl was then added to a final concentration of 1%. Hemolytic phenomenon test For hemolytic activity test, L. plantarum YML009 was cultured in MRS broth and then streaked on tryptone soya agar (Oxoid) with an addition of 5% sheep blood. Keywords: activity; cell; h1n1; influenza; lactobacillus; plantarum; strain; virus; yml009
• Effect of low doses of bezafibrate and fenofibrate on liver 2-oxo-glutarate dehydrogenase complex in low-protein diet fed rats by Knapik-Czajka, Malgorzata Elzbieta (2015) - Ball MR, Gumaa KA, McLean P. Effect of clofibrate on the CoA thioester profile in rat liver. Dietary thiamin level influences levels of its diphosphate form and thiamine-dependent enzymic activi- ties of rat liver. Keywords: activity; bezafibrate; complex; control; fenofibrate; fibrates; levels; liver; low; mrna; ogdh; protein; rats
• Anxyiolytic activity of fortified Centella asciatica by Paul, Issac; Mundugaru, Ravi; Prakash, Narayana; Basavaiah, Ravishankar (2015) - Evaluation of drug activities. The dose of fortified form of C. asiatica for anti anxiety activity in human is 6 g. The dose for the rat and mice were calculated on the basis of body surface area ratio by referring to the standard table of Paget and Barnes (Pagets et and Barnes, 1964). Keywords: activity; control; group; number; test
• Antioxidant and antifungal activities of selected fruits of Districts Bannu and Lakki Marwat, Pakistan by Khan, Arif; Khan, Rahmat Ali; Ahmed, Mushtaq; Mushtaq, Nadia (2015) - I DPPH free radicals scavenging activity of fruit methanol extracts Concentration Free radicals scavenging activity (mean ± SD) Archis hypogea Phoenix dactylifera Vitis vinifera Ascorbic acid 50 μg/mL 16.1 ± 0.2 21.1 ± 0.2 22.4 ± 0.1 52.0 ± 0.0 100 μg/mL 28.0 ± 0.1 42.0 ± 0.1 32.0 ± 0.2 72.0 ± 0.1 150 μg/mL 42.0 ± 0.1 56.0 ± 0.1 48.2 ± 1.0 80.0 ± 0.0 200 μg/mL 52.0 ± 0.1 64.0 ± 0.0 56.0 ± 0.1 83.0 ± 0.0 250 μg/mL 62.0 ± 0.0 70.1 ± 0.2 65.0 ± 0.0 86.1 ± 0.0 500 μg/mL 72.0 ± 0.0 79.0 ± 0.0 76.1 ± 0.0 90.1 ± 0.1 Table II Antifungal activity of methanol extract of Archis hypogeal, Phoenix dactylifera and Vitis vinifera % inhibition Aspergillus niger Aspergillus flavius Keywords: activity; vinifera
• Anti-oxidant, hypoglycemic and anti-hyperglycemic properties of Syzygium calophyllifolium by Chandran, Rahul; Sathyanarayanan, Saikumar; Rajan, Murugan; Kasipandi, Muniyandi; Parimelazhagan, Thangaraj (2015) - Anti-oxidant activity of water extract of harng Jyur (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat). Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2006; 212: 167–78 Siddhuraju P, Becker K. Studies on anti-oxidant activities of Mucuna seed (Mucuna pruriens var. Keywords: activity; anti; bark; calophyllifolium; extract; glucose; leaf; methanol; radical; scavenging
• Comparative antioxidant scavenging and lipid peroxidation activity of rutin and gallic acid by Khan, Rahmat Ali; Khan, Muhammad Rashid; Khan, Arif (2015) - 638 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2015; 10: 637-638 1 5 10 25 50 100 0 50 100 150 R T GA C o n ce n tra tio n (g / m l) D P P H % s c a v e n g in g 50 100 150 200 250 300 0 50 100 150 RT GA Concentration (g / ml) S u p er o x id e % s ca v en g in g Figure 1: DPPH and superoxide scavenging activity rutin (RT) and gallic acid (GA) mailto:mrkhanqau@yahoo.com Results showed that rutin (IC50 6.7 ± 0.1 µg/mL) possessed highest antioxidant activity as compared to gallic acid (19.0 ± 0.0 µg/mL) (Table I; Figure 1). Keywords: acid; activity; gallic; rutin; scavenging
• Synthesis and biological evaluation of new hydrazide-Schiff bases by Husain, Asif; Varshney, Munendra M.; Parcha, Versha; Ahmad, Aftab; Khan, Shah Alam (2015) - Anthelmintic activity The helminthes are the common cause of parasitic diseases in poverty stricken and developing countries with warm, moist environments with poor sanitary conditions (Sarnaim et al., 2013). The possible mecha- nism of anthelmintic activity of these compounds could be due to their ability to provide two potential donor sites viz. Keywords: activity; antibacterial; bases; compounds; conh; schiff; synthesis
• In vivo antidiarrheal study of ethanolic extracts of Mikania cordata and Litsea monopetala leaves by Nasrin, Fatema; Hakim, Md. Lukman (2015) - Neuropharmacologi- cal studies on Mikania cordata root extract. Mandal PK, Bishayee A, Chatterjee M. Stimulation of tissue repair by Mikania cordata root extract in carbon tetrachloride- induced liver injury in mice. Keywords: activity; cordata; extract; leaves; mikania; monopetala
• Antimicrobial and anti-oxidant potential of Periploca hydaspidis by Ullah, Rafi; Bakht, Jehan; Shafi, Mohammad (2015) - The order of antiradical scaven- ging potential of different extracted samples of the stem was crude methanolic extract>butanol> ethylacetate> water>n-hexane at different concentrations. One part (10 g) was used as crude methanolic extract and the second part (80 g) was used for further fractionation with different solvents. Keywords: acetate; activity; butanol; concentration; crude; ethyl; extracts; fractions; hexane; methanolic; samples
• GC/MS analysis, free radical scavenging, anticancer and beta-glucuronidase inhibitory activities of Trillium govanianum rhizome by Rahman, Shafiq ur; Ismail, Muhammad; Shah, Muhammad Raza; Iriti, Marcello; Shahid, Muhammad (2015) - The phytochemical analysis of rhizome revealed the presence of secondary metabolites like steroids, glycol- sides and saponins, and these metabolites have been previously reported in the genus Trillium (Akihito and Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2015; 10: 577-583 581 Figure 2: DPPH free radical scavenging activity of extracts/fractions or standards (ascorbic acid and BHT). A lot of research has been conducted on exploring the phytochemical and pharmacological characteristics of medicinal plants to provide a scientific rationale to their folkloric uses (Adonizio et al., 2008; Saeed et al., 2010). Keywords: acid; activity; cancer; cells; et al; fatty; fraction; govanianum; methanol; plants; test
• Anti-oxidant and hepatoprotective activities of total flavonoids of Indocalamus latifolius by Tan, Juan; Shenghua, Li; Zeng, Junying; Wu, Xianjin (2015) - The results showed that in vitro hepatoprotective and anti-oxidant activities of total flavonoids at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg, respectively, were comparable to those of the known hepatoprotective drug silymarin at 100 mg/kg. Anti-oxidant activity in a linoleic acid system using ferric thiocyanate and thiobarbituric acid The ferric thiocyanate (FTC) test was conducted as described by Osawa and Namiki (Osawa and Namaki, 1981), with slight modifications. Keywords: absorbance; acid; activities; activity; anti; ccl4; column; control; flavonoids; group; mixture; radical; scavenging; solution
• Phytochemical characterization of phenolics by LC-MS/MS and biological evaluation of Ajuga orientalis from Turkey by Göger, Fatih; Köse, Yavuz Bülent; Göger, Gamze; Demirci, Fatih (2015) - Additionally phytochemical studies of the extract, in vitro antimicrobial activity was evaluated seven different strains in this study (Table II) using micro- dilution methods. Antioxidant, antimicrobial activities and characterization of phenolic compounds from buriti Mauritia flexuosa L. by UPLC–ESI-MS/MS. Keywords: activity; ajuga; antioxidant; compound; extract; orientalis; radical
• Medicinal plants with gastroprotective potential by Majeed, Wafa; Khaliq, Tanweer; Aslam, Bilal; Khan, Junaid Ali; Iftikhar, Asra (2015) - These indicators are altered considerably by using plant extracts. Phytoche- mical investigations had revealed the presence of carbohydrates, proteins, tannins, triterpenes and amino acids in plant extract which might be responsible for antioxidant and antiulcer potential of methanolic seed extract of B. hispida. Keywords: acid; activity; antioxidant; antiulcer; antiulcer activity; constituents; dose; et al; extract; gastric; gastroprotective; gastroprotective activity; leaf; leaf extract; lesions; methanolic; plant; plant extract; potential; presence; rats; results; study; ulcer
• GC-MS analysis, evaluation of phytochemicals, anti-oxidant, thrombolytic and anti-inflammatory activities of Exacum bicolor by Ashwini, Appaji Mahesh; Puttarudrappa, Latha; Ravi, Belagumba Vijaykumar; Majumdar, Mala (2015) - Wong CC, Li HB, Cheng KW, Chen F. A systematic survey of anti-oxidant activity of 30 Chinese medicinal plants using the ferric reducing anti-oxidant power assay. Investigation on in vitro anti-inflammatory activity by human red blood cell membrane stabilization method in E. bicolor exhibited 87.2 ± 2.6% of protection at 100 µg/mL with IC50 value of 37.4 µg/mL, whereas Leelaprakash and Dass (2011) reported 30 ± 0.0% inhibition of hemolysis in Enicostemma axillare methanol extract of which the present study exhibited potent anti-inflammatory activity. Keywords: activities; activity; analysis; anti; bicolor; clot; dpph; extract; methanol; phenols; total
• Pharmacological evaluation of methanolic extract of Cyperus scariosus by Khan, Wasi Ullah; Khan, Rahmat Ali; Ahmed, Mushtaq; Khan, Latif Ullah; Khan, Muhammad Waqas (2016) - Hydroxyl radical scavenging activity The hydroxyl radical scavenging activity can be categorized as 3 mg/mL > 1.5 mg/mL > 0.75 mg/mL > 0.37 mg/mL. All results showed anti-oxidant activity in dose-dependent manner at concentration 3-0.37 mg/ References Bajpai M, Pande A, Tewari SK, Prakash D. Phenolic contents and anti-oxidant activity of some food and medicinal plants. Keywords: activity; anti; extract; khan; scariosus; scavenging
• Synthesis, spectroscopic studies of novel N-substituted phthalimides and evaluation of their antibacterial, antioxidant, DNA binding and molecular docking studies by Nayab, Pattan Sirajuddin; Pulaganti, Madhusudana; Chitta, Suresh Kumar; Oves, Mohammad; ., Rahisuddin (2015) - A comparison of antibac- terial activity among all the compounds revealed that compound 3b was found to be very promising against E. coli and S. mutans. The C-4 substitution with a methoxy group in compound 3b increases the electronic density of the aromatic ring, which may increase its anti-microbial activity. Keywords: activity; binding; compounds; dna; nmr; ppm; spectra; studies; test
• Cytotoxic, thrombolytic, membrane stabilizing and anti-oxidant activities of Hygrophila schulli by Sufian, Md. Abu; Haque, Mohammad Rashedul (2015) - On the other hand, in anti-oxidant activity test, chloroform soluble fraction revealed mild antioxidant activity (IC50 = 195.1 µg/mL) as compared to standard tert-butyl-1-hydroxytoluene (IC50 = 27.5 µg/ mL). Brand-Williams W, Cuvelier ME, Berset C. Use of free radical method to evaluate anti-oxidant activity. Keywords: activity; anti; bangladesh; extract; membrane; schulli
• Vitis vinifera juice ameliorates depression-like behavior in mice by modulating biogenic amine neurotransmitters by Aslam, Muhammad; Sultana, Nuzhat (2015) - Stress + V. vinifera juice (8 mL/kg) 134.0 ± 14.6e 121.3 ± 13.0f 109.6 ± 13.0f 101.5 ± 13.9f Stress + Fluoxetine (20 mg/kg) 136.3 ± 13.4e 90.7 ± 12.9f 80.6 ± 14.1f 78.6 ± 13.3f Number of animals = 10; The values are mean ± S.E.M.; ap<0.05; bp<0.01; cp<0.001 when compared with saline-treated unstressed mice; dp<0.05; ep<0.01; fp<0.001 when compared with saline-treated stressed mice (One-way ANOVA followed by Newman-Keuls Post hoc test) Table II Effect of Vitis vinifera juice on immobility time of mice in tail suspension test Treatment Immobility time on day 7 Immobility time on day 15 Immobility time on day 30 Immobility time on day 60 Saline (8 mL/kg) 223.4 ± 7.0 223.8 ± 6.7 225.9 ± 6.0 222.6 ± 7.5 Stress + Saline (8 mL/kg) 255.0 ± 10.9a 253.8 ± 12.1a 255.8 ± 11.8a 248.7 ± 12.0a V. vinifera juice (4 mL/kg) 203.3 ± 7.8b 202.2 ± 12.1b 194.9 ± 10.6c 183.0 ± 5.6c V. vinifera juice (8 mL/kg) 195.2 ± 8.9c 180.0 ± 8.5c 171.8 ± 6.4c 168.1 ± 7.2c Fluoxetine (20 mg/kg) 162.0 ± 10.0c 155.7 ± 10.4c 150.6 ± 10.7c 143.0 ± 10.2c Stress + V. vinifera juice (4 mL/kg) 232.6 ± 14.7 229.2 ± 9.4 220.9 ± 11.6e 205.0 ± 7.6f Stress + V. vinifera juice (8 mL/kg) 219.8 ± 13.0d 201.1 ± 17.3e 190.3 ± 14.4f 188.1 ± 14.7f The current study demonstrated that V. vinifera juice (4 mL/kg and 8 mL/kg, p.o) possesses antidepressant-like activity in unstressed and immobilization-induced stressed mice. Keywords: activity; antidepressant; immobility; juice; mice; saline; test; vinifera
• Modified and unmodified arabinoxylans from Plantago ovata husk: Novel excipients with antimicrobial potential by Erum, Alia; Bashir, Sajid; Saghir, Shazia (2015) - Physicochemical properties of modified arabinoxylans were different from arabinoxylan yet were satisfactory for their use as pharmaceutical excipients. These properties of modified arabinoxylans are different from arabinoxylan (Sajid et al., 2014). Keywords: activity; arabinoxylan; carboxymethyl; ovata
• In vitro thrombolytic, anthelmintic, anti-oxidant and cytotoxic activity with phytochemical screening of methanolic extract of Xanthium indicum leaves by Ghosh, Antara; Banik, Sujan; Islam, Md. Ariful (2015) - In thrombolytic assay, a significant clot lysis was observed at four concentrations of plant extract compare to the positive control streptokinase (30,000 IU, 15,000 IU) and negative control normal saline. Concentration of 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 mg/mL of gallic acid and concentration of 2 mg/mL of plant extract were also prepared in Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2015; 10: 854-859 855 methanol. Keywords: activity; bangladesh; clot; control; extract; indicum; leaves; methanolic; plant
• Tectorigenin inhibits Caco-2 human colon cells via NF-κB pathway suppression by Dai, Xiao-Yu; Yu, Yong-Ming; Kong, Zheng-Fang; Cao, Yi-Sheng; Huang, Dan-Dan; Hu, Xiao-Rong; Huang, Zuo-An; Xie, Yang-Yang; Zhang, Shun (2015) - The obtained results indicated that IκB phosphorylation on Ser32 was induced by TNF-α and stimulated the IκB degradation in Caco-2 colon cancer cells. That is, tectorigenin exposure arrested the invasion effect of Caco-2 cancer cells upon TNF-α inducement. Keywords: activity; cancer; cells; colon; cxcl10; expression; tectorigenin; tnf
• Antifungal, anti-yeast, anti-oxidant and HPLC analysis of different solvent extracted samples from Calamus aromaticus leaves by Khan, Bilal Muhammad; Bakht, Jehan (2015) - It was followed by hexane extracted sample with 53.3%, 66.5% and 80.2% activity at 500, 1000 and 2000 µg/disc respectively. Anti-oxidant activity The data in Figure 1 suggested that all extracted samples from the leaves showed DPPH radical scavenging potential at each of the seven concentrations used in the present study. Keywords: acetate; acid; activity; butanol; ethyl; extract; gallic; leaves; oxidant; plant; samples; solvent
• GC/MS analysis, antimicrobial and in vitro anti-cholinesterase activities of the essential oil from Buddleja asiatica by Khan, Farman Ali; Jan, Abdul Khaliq; Khan, Nasir Mehmood; Khan, Nayab Ali; Khan, Shahnaz (2015) - Antibacterial activity B. asiatica essential oil was screened for their antibac- terial assay against selected bacterial strains including; Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6663), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Shigella boydii (ATCC 35966), Shigella flexneri (ATCC 14028), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) and Salmonella typhi (ATCC 19430) according to agar–well diffusion method (Rahman et al., 2011). Briefly, the stock solu- tions of B. asiatica essential oil prepared in dimethyl- sulfoxide. Keywords: ache; activities; activity; ali; asiatica; bche; buddleja; oil
• Antimalarial efficacy of nine medicinal plants traditionally used by the Karens of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India by Chander, M. Punnam; Pillai, C. R.; Vijayachari, P. (2015) - In vitro test for antimalarial activity The in vitro activity of P. falciparum intraerythrocytic stage on crude plant extracts was evaluated by Schizont maturation Inhibition M-III method (WHO, 2001). The antimalarial activity of plant extracts was assessed against chloroquine-sensitive P. falciparum (MRC-2) isolate obtained from the National Institute of Malaria Research (ICMR), New Delhi, India. Keywords: activity; andaman; antimalarial; india; islands; nicobar; plants
• Evaluation of anticonvulsant, antimicrobial and hemolytic activity of Aitchisonia rosea by Rasool, Shahid; Khan, Farrukh Zia; Ahmad, Mobasher (2015) - After administration of plant extract and fractions, following parameters were observed: a) latency (onset of clonus), b) duration of tonic convulsions, c) status of animal after 30 min, d) status of animal after 24 hours and e) percentage protection Antimicrobial activity The antimicrobial assay for plant extract and fractions against different bacterial and fungal strains was conducted by disc diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) (Ergene et al., 2006). A solution of plant extract and each fraction was prepared at a concentration of 1 mg/mL in dimethyl sulfoxide solution. Keywords: acetate; activity; antimicrobial; convulsions; ethyl; extract; fractions; methanol; plant; rosea
• In vitro anti-oxidant and cytotoxic analysis of Pogostemon mollis Benth by George, Elizabeth; Kasipandi, Muniyandi; Vekataramana, Mudili; Kumar, Kalagatur Naveen; Allen, Joseph Anthuvan; Parimelazhagan, Thangaraj; Gopalan, Natarajan (2016) - Bacterial cells and fungal spores and hyphae showed visible damages due to the treatment of ethyl acetate extract. This bacterial culture was treated with ethyl acetate extract of P. mollis (20 µg). Keywords: acetate; acetone; acid; activity; anti; assay; cells; damage; dna; ethyl; extract; methanol; mollis; oxidant; scavenging
• Antitubercular activity of the pigment from forest soil Streptomyces sp SFA5 by Manikkam, Radhakrishnan; Ponnuswamy, Shekar; Joseph, Jerrine; Kumar, Vanaja (2015) - In enzyme inhibition assay, the MTB-LAT enzyme was inhibited by 4.98 µg/ mL concentration of crude pigment. In the present study, crude pigment exhibited good antitubercular activity in both rapid and whole-cell screening based methods such as microplate alamar blue assay and luciferase reporter phage assay. Keywords: activity; assay; pigment; sfa5; streptomyces; tuberculosis
• Antimicrobial screening of new 5-(chromene-3-yl)methylene-2,4-thiazolidinediones by Nastas?, Cristina; Duma, Mihaela; Tiperciuc, Brindusa; Oniga, Ovidiu (2015) - Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of chromone-linked 2-pyridone fused with 1,2,4-triazoles, 1,2,4 -triazines and 1,2,4-triazepines ring systems. Chromone and related compounds are wide-spread in nature and exhibit a wide range of pharmacological activity like antibacterial, antifungal (Hatzade et al., 2010, Ali and Ibrahim, 2010), antitumor, anti-oxidant, anti-HIV, antiulcerant, anti-inflammatory. Keywords: activity; atcc; compounds; new
• Phytochemical investigation, GC-MS analysis and in vitro antimicrobial activity of Coleus forskohlii by Rajkumar, Krishnamoorthy; Malathi, Ramaswamy (2015) - Chloroform, Eth- Ethanol, Ace- Acetone 926 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2015; 10: 924-930 source of phytochemicals as compared to the other extracts, whereas, in case of root ethanol extract was the best source of phytochemicals. GC-MS result clearly indicated the plant of C. forskohlii root ethanol extract have following compounds, n -hexadecanoic acid have antibacterial and antifungal properties (Agoramoorthy et al., 2007), betulin anticancer activities, apoptosis (Patocka, 2003; Keywords: activity; compounds; ethanol; extract; forskohlii; plants; root; stem
• Synthesis, antimalarial activity evaluation and molecular docking studies of some novel dispiro-1,2,4,5-tetraoxanes by Kumawat, Mukesh Kumar; Chetia, Dipak (2015) - Antimalarial activity All the synthesized compounds were evaluated for in vitro antimalarial activity against chloroquine resistant strain-RKL-9 of P. falciparum (Pf) using 96 well-micro- titre plates at the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, India. The molecules were subsequently screened for in vitro antimalarial activity against chloroquine resistant strain of Plasmodium falciparum (RKL-9). Keywords: 1xc; activity; ch2; compounds; cyclohexyl; stretching; tetraoxane
• Poly-phenolic fraction of Chrysophyllum cainito extract induces cell death in osteosarcoma cells by Li, Liu-Bing; Lin, Subin; Yan, Jun; Wang, Qian-Liang; Fan, Zhi-Ying; Dong, Qi-Rong; Qin, Jian-Zhong; Xie, Zong-Gang (2015) - Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Research Article Poly-phenolic fraction of Chryso- phyllum cainito extract induces cell death in osteosarcoma cells BJP Introduction One of most common primary bone sarcoma is osteo- sarcoma which is a leading cause of cancer death among adolescents, young adults and elder population. Poly- phenolic fraction of Chrysophyllum cainito extract induces cell death in osteosarcoma cells. Keywords: activity; apoptosis; cainito; cancer; cells; concentration; control; et al; extract; gae; min; osteosarcoma
• Phytochemical investigation and in vitro antimicrobial activity of Richardia scabra by Poonkodi, Kathirvel; Ravi, Subban (2016) - 1 mL of R. scabra extract was added to 1st tube and mixed well, from this tube 1 mL of solution was transferred to remaining tubes up to 6th tube. So far, there is no report on isolation and biological activities of R. scabra plant for comparison. Keywords: activity; extract; inhibition; methanol; plant; scabra
• Antibacterial activity of seneciolactone isolated from Senecio scandens against some common gastrointestinal tract disease causing bacterial pathogens by Zheng, Yi; Wang, Yu; Shang, Yuan-Hong (2016) - Bacterial strains were grown on nutrient agar plates at 37°C and maintained on nutrient agar slants. Anti- bacterial activity of seneciolactone iso- lated from Senecio scandens against some common gastrointestinal tract disease causing bacterial pathogens. Keywords: activity; dysenteriae; effect; mbc; scandens; seneciolactone; strains
• Cardioprotective activity of fruit of Garcinia pedunculata on isoprenaline-induced myocardial infarction in rat by Mundugaru, Ravi; Udaykumar, Padmaja; Senthilkumar, Sivanesan; Bhat, Sudhakara (2016) - Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Research Article Cardioprotective activity of fruit Cardioprotective activity of fruit Cardioprotective activity of fruit of of of Garcinia pedunculata Garcinia pedunculata Garcinia pedunculata on iso-on iso-on iso- prenalineprenalineprenaline---induced myocardial induced myocardial induced myocardial infarction in ratinfarction in ratinfarction in rat BJP Introduction Myocardial infarction is the acute ischemic condition where profound necrosis of myocardial tissue occurs. The results indicate the cardioprotective effect of G. pedunculata against isoprenaline- induced myocardial infarction rat model. Keywords: activity; changes; extract; group; infarction; isoprenaline; pedunculata; rats
• Phytochemical analysis and antimicrobial study of Fernandoa adenophylla against multidrug resistant urinary tract infection pathogens by Rahim, Abdur; Hussain, Muhammad Medrar; Altaf, Ihsan Ullah Khan (2016) - In the present study eight bacterial strains isolated from urine samples of UTI patients were used to test the antibacterial activities of plant extracts. Antibacterial activity of medicinal plant extracts. Keywords: activity; adenophylla; extracts; strains; stretch
• Development of a novel antimicrobial peptide AWRK6 by Kim, Dusik ; Wang, Zheng ; Jin, Lili ; Li, Hanpin ; Hwang, Junwei ; Hanrahan, John  W.; Wang, Qiuyu (2016) - To understand the biodiversity and nature of antimicrobial peptides from this frog, we have previously used cDNA-sequencing and mass-spectrometry approaches to analyze the skin and its secretions, and identified dybowskin2-CDYa ( D y 2 ) , a n o v e l a n t It is well established that the killing activity and specificity of antimicrobial peptides depend on their physiochemical properties such as size, net charge, conformational structure and hydrophobicity (Mao et al., 2013). Keywords: activity; awrk6; cells; dy2; gram; hours; killing; peptide; structure
• Antibacterial potentiality of antiulcer and antispasmodic drugs with selected antibiotics against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus: In vitro and in silico studies by Akilandeswari, Krishnan; Ruckmani, Kandasamy (2015) - Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Research Article Antibacterial potentiality of antiulcer and antispasmodic drugs with se- lected antibiotics against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus: In vitro and in silico studies BJP Introduction Microbes such as bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites can cause virulent and contagious diseases in indivi- duals mainly through direct exposure to aerosols and contaminated materials (Barker and Jones, 2005). Article Info Received: 7 October 2015 Accepted: 16 October 2015 Available Online: 1 November 2015 DOI: 10.3329/bjp.v10i4.25271 Cite this article: Akilandeswari K, Ruckmani K. Anti- bacterial potentiality of antiulcer and antispasmodic drugs with selected antibiotics against methicillin re- sistant Staphylococcus aureus: In vitro and in silico studies. Keywords: activity; ampicillin; antibiotics; aureus; drugs; mebeverine; mrsa; penicillin; protein; test; troxipide
• Anti-oxidant and anti-acetylcholinesterase activities of Zygophyllum album by Kchaou, Mouna; Ben Salah, Hichem; Mhiri, Rania; Allouche, Noureddine (2015) - Anti-oxidant activities Ferric-reducing anti-oxidant power assay The method of Yildirim et al. (2001) was used to assess the reducing power of all Z. album extracts. The presence of extract with anti-oxidant activity can hinder the extent of β-carotène bleaching by neutralizing the linoleate-free radical formed in the system (Barros et al., 2007). Keywords: absorbance; acetylcholinesterase; acid; activities; activity; album; anti; dichloromethane; extracts; inhibition; methanol; total; zygophyllum
• Quinazoline pharmacophore in therapeutic medicine by Ajani, Olayinka Oyewale; Aderohunmu, Damilola Victoria; Umeokoro, Ejike Nzube; Olomieja, Ayodele Ojo (2016) - Gefitinib and erlotinib are quinazoline-based compounds which happened to be earlier reported salient EGFR inhibitor authorized for the curing of diseases related to NSCLC (Wang et al., 2016). Their mechanism of action was through competi- tive binding to adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding pocket of the intracellular EGFR TK site according to docking study report; hence, effectively block the aberrant EGFR down-stream signaling required during tumor survival as well as its proliferation (Wang et al., 2016; Hynes and Lane, 2005). Keywords: activities; activity; agents; anti; anticonvulsant; antimalarial; antitumor; bangladesh; bioorg; cancer; cell; chem; derivatives; design; drug; egfr; et al; eur; evaluation; figure; inhibitors; j chem; j med; kinase; med; med chem; molecular; motifs; new; novel; pharmacol; potential; quinazoline; quinazoline derivatives; series; studies; study; synthesis; wang; zhang
• Design, synthesis and anti-diabetic activity of some novel xanthone derivatives targeting alpha-glucosidase by Bairy, Partha Sarathi; Das, Aparoop; Nainwal, Lalit Mohan; Mohanta, Tapan Kumar; Kumawat, Mukesh Kumar; Mohapatra, Pradyumna Kishore; Parida, Pratap (2016) - Blood glucose level on 0 day 5th day 10th day 15th day Normal control 0.3% CMC 91 ± 0.4 102 ± 0.5 102.6 ± 1.1 96.4 ± 0.7 Diabetic control 242.6 ± 1.1 264.8 ± 1.5 270 ± 2.3 270 ± 0.5 Standard (miglitol) 25 286.6 ± 7.4 228.26 ± 7.2c 181.0 ± 6.0ac 121.7 ± 6.7ac 100 273.4 ± 14.1 228.8 ± 10.1c 182.9 ± 12.8ac 131.3 ± 6.3ac P22 250 285.4 ± 6.0 232.4 ± 7.7c 182.0 ± 11.8ac 136.4 ± 8.3ac P10 100 283.9 ± 15.9 228.9 ± 13.7c 167.8 ± 9.9ac 133.5 ± 5.9ac 250 275.4 ± 7.6 220.7 ± 6.3c 181.0 ± 6.0ac 133.3 ± 4.6ac P2 100 275.5 ± 9.5 232.0 ± 9.4c 179.7 ±10.0ac 127.8 ± 10.2ad Table IV Effect on body weight of the synthesized compounds Group Dose (mg/kg,p.o) 0 day 5th day 10th day 15th day Normal control 0.3% CMC 190.6 ± 2.8 191.6 ± 2.8 192.6 ± 2.8 195.6 ± 2.4 Diabetic control 182.4 ± 1.5 181.2 ± 1.6 176.6 ± 2.3 184.4 ± 2.2 Standard (miglitol) 25 148.1 ± 8.4 146.1 ± 8.3ac 142.4 ± 8.1ac 134.4 ± 9.3ac P22 100 147.7 ± 8.7a 146.2 ± 8.8ac 144.2 ± 8.2ac 142.7 ± 8.1ac 250 142.4 ± 7.4a 140.6 ± 7.5ac 138.3 ± 7.4ac 136.8 ± 7.2ac P10 100 143.6 ± 8.7a 141.6 ± 8.3ac 140.1 ± 8.0ac 138.7 ± 8.0ac 250 144.5 ± 6.7a 141.5 ± 6.8ac 139.4 ± Keywords: activity; animals; blood; compounds; control; day; docking; et al; glucose; group; level; ligand; protein; xanthone
• Synthesis and anti-depressant evaluation of novel pyrazolone derivatives by Merugumolu, Vijay Kumar; Chandrashekara, Revanasiddappa Bistuvalli (2016) - Owing to the above pharmacological activities exhibited by pyra- zolones, it was contemplated to synthesize a novel series of pyrazolone derivatives and their subsequent in vivo anti-depressant activity. Animals Male Swiss albino mice (25-30 g) were used for screen- ing of anti-depressant activity, of the newly synthesized compounds. Keywords: activity; anti; compounds; derivatives; pyrazolone; test
• Correlation between the total phenolics, proanthocyanidins content and anti-oxidant activity of grape seed extract by Varadharajan, Venkatramanan; Shanmugam, Sethupathi; Ramaswamy, Arulvel (2016) - Correlation between the total phenolics, proanthocya- nidins content and anti-oxidant activity of grape seed extract Sir, The therapeutic properties of grape seed extract are invaluable assets to human beings. In conclusion, a positive correlation was observed between total phenolics, proanthocyanidins content and anti-oxidant activity of grape seed extract. Keywords: activity; dpph; extract; grape; seed
• Phytochemically evaluation and net antioxidant activity of Tunisian Melia azedarach leaves extract from their ProAntidex parameter by Akacha, Maroua; Lahbib, Karima; Boughanmi, Néziha Ghanem (2016) - Evaluation of anti-oxidant activity of extracts DPPH assay In fact, Siger et al. (2013) and Gaspar et al. (2010) showed anti-oxidant activity of sinapic acid as one of the four most common hydroxycinnamic acids and its derivatives. Keywords: absorbance; acid; acont; activity; anti; azedarach; extract; leaves; phenolic; scavenging
• Anti-oxidant, antimicrobial and anti-acetylcholinesterase activities of organic extracts from aerial parts of three Tunisian plants and correlation with polyphenols and flavonoids contents by Sellem, Imen; Kaaniche, Fatma; Chakchouk, Ahlem Mtibaa; Mellouli, Lotfi (2016) - Correlation between the phenolic and the flavonoids contents and biological activities in plant extracts were analysed by Pearson correlation coefficient. Rauha JP, Remes S, Heinonen M, Hopia A, Kähkönen M, Kujala T, Pihlaja K, Vuorela H, Vuorela P. Antimicrobial effects of finnish plant extracts containing flavonoids and other phenolic compounds. Keywords: activities; activity; anti; extracts; plants
• Effects of Alchemilla mollis and Alchemilla persica on the wound healing process by Ergene Öz, Burçin; Ilhan, Mert; Ozbilgin, Serkan; Küpeli Akkol, Esra; Bahadir Acikara, Özlem; Saltan, Gülçin; Keles, Hikmet; Süntar, Ipek (2016) - The extracts prepared from the aerial parts of A. mollis and A. persica exerted significant wound healing activity with the tensile strength values of 39.3% and 33.3%, respectively, and with the contraction values of 51.4% and 43.5%, respectively. In the present study, wound healing activity of A. mollis and A. persica, both of which have quite similar phytochemical profile according to our previous research (Kupeli Akkol et al., 2015), were selected in order to be evaluated by using in vivo wound models. Keywords: + +; a. mollis; activity; extracts; healing; mollis; parts; persica; r +; wound
• Hepatoprotective effect of Helicanthus elastica by Sunil Kumar, K. N.; Rajakrishnan, R.; Thomas, J.; Reddy, G. Aadinaath (2016) - Ethanolic extract, aqueous extract, paracetamol and silymarin were suspended with 1% sodium carboxyl methyl cellulose. Paracetamol 2 g/kg 157.8 ± 20.4 49.8 ± 09.6b 304.2 ± 28.4 5.7 ± 0.3b 0.7 ± 0.1 Data are mean ± SEM; ap<0.05, when compared with normal control, bp<0.05, when compared with paracetamol control (Tuckey- Kramer test); HEAq, Aqueous extract of H. elastica; HEAl, Ethanolic extract of H. elastica; ALP, Alkaline phosphatase; SB, Serum bilirubin; SGOT, Serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase; SGPT, Serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase; TP, Total protein Figure 1: Histopathological study of liver in paracetamol- induced hepatotoxicity in rats (a) Normal control; (b) Paraceta- mol 2,000 mg/kg treated; (c) Silymarin 100 mg/kg treated; (d) Keywords: activity; body; changes; dose; elastica; extract; level; liver; paracetamol; rats; weight
• Antiepileptic potential of Silybum marianum seeds in pentylenetetrazol-induced kindled mice by Waqar, Huma; Khan, Humaira Majeed; Anjum, Aftab Ahmad (2016) - Treatment group A (100 mg/kg), B (200 mg/kg) and C (300 mg/kg) significantly increased SOD activity up to 0.2 ± 0.7 µmol/mg protein, 0.3 ± 0.1 µmol/mg protein and 0.4 ± 0.1 µmol/mg protein respectively when compared to induced group (p<0.05). By injecting sub convulsion dose of pentylenetetrazol alternately, progressive increase in convulsion scores was recorded in induced group. Keywords: activity; day; group; marianum; mice; pentylenetetrazol; reference; treatment
• In vitro antitubercular activity of Tridax procumbens extracts against whole cell Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its lysine aminotransferase by Rajasekar, Thirunavukkarasu; Anbarasu, Sivaraj; Radhakrishnan, Manikkam; Jerrine, Joseph; Vanaja, Kumar (2016) - Bangladesh J Pharmacol. A Journal of the Bangladesh Pharmacological Society (BDPS) Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2016; 11: 192-193 Journal homepage: www.banglajol.info Abstracted/indexed in Academic Search Complete, Agroforestry Abstracts, Asia Journals Online, Bangladesh Journals Online, Biological Abstracts, BIOSIS Previews, CAB Abstracts, Current Abstracts, Directory of Open Access Journals, EMBASE/Excerpta Medica, Google Scholar, HINARI (WHO), International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, Open J-gate, Science Citation Index Expanded, SCOPUS and Social Sciences Citation Index ISSN: 1991-0088; DOI: 10.3329/bjp.v11i1.26327 Letter to the Editor Table Keywords: activity; extracts; tuberculosis
• In vitro antimicrobial activity of actinobacteria from South East Coast of Tamil Nadu, India by Gopikrishnan, Venugopal; Radhakrishnan, Manikkam; Pazhanimurugan, Raasaiyah; Shanmugasundaram, Thangavel; Balagurunathan, Ramasamy (2016) - 191 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2016; 11: 190-191 Table I Antagonistic activity of potential actinobacterial strains PM 33 and PE7 Clinical pathogens (Zone of inhibition in mm) Actinobacterial strains S. aureus B. subtilis E. coli P. aeruginosa K. pneumoniae Strain PM33 15 ± 0.58 16 ± 0.58 14 ± 0.00 16 ± 0.58 14 ± 0.00 Strain PE7 15 ± 0.58 17 ± 0.00 12 ± 0.58 16 ± 0.58 13 ± 0.58 mailto:rbalaguru@yahoo.com DatePrinted: This article was downloaded by you on: Jan 18, 2016 After 10 days of incubation all the actinobacterial cultures were screened for antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae by agar plug method (Radhakrishnan et al., 2014). Keywords: actinobacteria; activity; strains
• In vitro antimicrobial screening of Lycoperdon lividum and determination of the ethanol extract composition by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry by Canli, Kerem; Altuner, Ergin Murat; Akata, Ilgaz; Turkmen, Yavuz; Uzek, Ugur (2016) - The ethanol extract of L. lividum had antimicrobial activity against several microorganism tested, but it was active especially against S. carnosus. Table I clearly shows that ethanol extracts of L. lividum 390 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2016; 11: 389-394 were presented antimicrobial activity against E. aerogenes, E. coli ATCC 25922, K. pneumoniae, S. kentucky, S. carnosus, S. epidermidis and S. agalactiae. Keywords: acid; activity; antimicrobial; atcc; coli; composition; et al; ethanol; extract; fatty; gram; lividum
• Separation and purification of low-molecular-weight chondroitin sulfates and their anti-oxidant properties by Wang, Jinpeng; Zhang, Lian; Jin, Zhengyu (2016) - Conclusion Low-molecular-weight chondroitin sulfate was firstly separated, purified and identified as disaccharide, tetrasaccharide and hexasaccharide, which showed higher anti-oxidant activity than chondroitin sulfate. The main compo- nents detected by high performance gel-filtration chromatography were disaccharide, tetrasaccharide, hexasaccharide with molecular weight of 521, 1024 and 1527 Da, respectively. Keywords: activity; anti; chondroitin; chondroitin sulfate; gel; separation; sulfate; weight; weight chondroitin
• Effect of hydro-alcoholic extract of Ziziphus spina-christi against scopolamine-induced anxiety in rats by Setorki, Mahbubeh (2016) - The anxiolytic activity observed in this study may be related to anti-oxidant effects of extract. Hepatoprotective activity and anti-oxidant effects of El Nabka (Zizyphus spina-christi) fruits on rats hepatotoxicity induced by carbon tetrachloride. Keywords: activity; anti; arms; christi; extract; rats; scopolamine; spina; time
• Chemical and bioactive diversities of marine sponge Neopetrosia by Qaralleh, Haitham (2016) - Sorek et al., 2007 26 Neopetrosiamine A Neopetrosia proxima Wei et al., 2010 27 Xestoproxamine A N. proxima Morinaka and Molinski, 2011 28 Xestoproxamine B N. proxima Morinaka and Molinski, 2011 29 Xestoproxamine C N. proxima Morinaka and Molinski, 2011 Pyridoacridine alkaloids 30 1-Hydroxydeoxy- amphimedine N. carbonaria Wei et al., 2010 31 3-Hydroxydeoxy- amphimedine N. carbonaria Wei et al., 2010 32 Debromopetrosamine N. carbonaria Wei et al., 2010 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2016; 11: 433-452 437 Table II Chemical constituent of the Neopetrosia genus (Cont.) No. Compound class and name Source Reference 33 Amphimedine N. carbonaria Wei et al., 2010 34 Neoamphimedine N. carbonaria Wei et al., 2010 35 Deoxyamphimedine N. carbonaria Wei et al., 2010 Others alkaloids 36 Motuporamines A N. exigua (Xestospongia exigua) Keywords: activity; alkaloids; anti; carbonaria; ch3 ch3; ch3 o; et al; exigua; genus; h h; marine; n o; n. exigua; neopetrosia; o h; o o; similis; species; sponge; vanilla; williams; xestospongia; xestospongia exigua
• Antidepressant activity of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis in mice by Gupta, Sumeet; Kashyap, Priyanaka; Asad, Mohammed; Chattopadhyaya, Ipshita; Dahiya, Randhir (2016) - Mice were divided into 11 different groups (6 mice each) and treated as follows: Group I: Vehicle-treated control group received 2% carboxymethyl cellulose; Group II: Received fluoxetine hydrochloride (20 mg/ kg); Group III, IV and V: Received petroleum ether extract (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) of N. arbor-tristis; Group VI, VII and VIII: Received hydroethanol extract (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) of N. arbor-tristis; Group IX, X and XI: Received chloroform extract (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) of N. arbor-tristis. Group III, IV and V: Received fluoxetine hydro- chloride (10 mg/kg) with petroleum ether extract (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) of N. arbor-tristis; Group VI, VII and VIII: Received fluoxetine hydrochloride (10 mg/kg) with hydroethanol extract (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) of N. arbor-tristis; Group IX, X and XI): Received fluoxetine hydrochloride (10 mg/kg) with chloroform extract (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) of N. arbor-tristis. Keywords: acid; activity; arbor; chloroform; day; effect; extract; fluoxetine; group; hydroethanol; mice; nyctanthes; swimming; test; tristis
• Anti-tumor effect of Huayu Jiedu formula on SGC-7901 cancer cell by Zheng, Wei; Junping, Zhang; Aihua, Zhang; Junming, Fan; Yanchun, Wang; Yanqing, Liu (2016) - 10.3329/bjp.v11iS1.26689 Cite this article: Zheng W, Junping Z, Aihua Z, Junming F, Yanchun W, Yanqing L. Anti-tumor effect of Huayu Jiedu formula on SGC-7901 cancer cell. Among these targets are many signal- transduction proteins (e.g. kinases) that regulate malignant processes in cancer cells (Hidalgo and Rowinsky, 2000). Keywords: activity; akt; cancer; cells; ctx; hours; hyjd; kinase; pdk1; phosphorylation; protein; sgc-7901; tumor
• Studies on separation and properties of lumbrokinase in Pheretima praepinguis by Mei, Tang; Cao, Liu; Zi, Liang; Mingfu, Gong; Die, Hu (2016) - Lumbrokinase activity was relatively stable Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2016; 11: S106-S109 S107 Figure 1: Lumbrokinase activity detection with casein plate method and high activity in the alkaline environment (pH 7-9), Lumbrokinase activity retention rate maintain 75% when pH increased to 11. Effect of pH and temperature on lumbrokinase activity was studied. Keywords: activity; enzyme; lumbrokinase; solution; temperature
• In vitro antimicrobial and anti-oxidant potentials of selected medicinal plants used by the indigenous tribes of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India by Chander, M. Punnam; Vijayachari, Paluru (2016) - I Phytochemical analysis of the methanol extracts of selected ethnomedicinal plants Scientific name Alkaloids Flavonoids Triterpenoids Sterols Tannins Saponins Abutilon indicum (L.) Sweet Present Present Present Present Present Present Ageratum conyzoides L. Present Present Present Present Absent Absent Annona squamosa L. Present Present Present Present Present Absent Boesenbergia rotunda (L.) Mansf. Present Present Present Present Present Present The antimicrobial activities of the investigated extracts against human pathogens used by agar well diffusion method were shown in Table II. Keywords: activity; l. present; present
• Inhibitory effect of Sphagnum palustre extract and its bioactive compounds on aromatase activity by Eom, Hee Jeong; Park, Yong Joo; Kang, Hee Rae; Kim, Ha Ryong; Bang, In Jae; Park, Hyun Bong; Chung, Kyu Hyuck; Kim, Ki Hyun (2016) - Inhibitory effect of Sphagnum palustre extract and its bioactive compounds on aromatase activity Hee Jeong Eom1, Yong Joo Park1, Hee Rae Kang1, Ha Ryong Kim1, In Jae Bang1, Hyun Bong Park2, Kyu Hyuck Chung1 and Ki Hyun Kim1 1School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea; 2Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States. http://www.bioxbio.com/if/html/BANGL-J-PHARMACOL.html report the inhibitory effect of S. palustre extract and nine compounds (1-9) on aromatase activity using recombi- nant human CYP19 (Figure 1). S. palustre extract could inhibit aromatase activity, with compounds 1, 6, and 7 identified as the active components. Keywords: activity; aromatase; compounds; extract; hplc; inhibition; palustre
• Imidazole and its derivatives as potential candidates for drug development by Mumtaz, Amara; Saeed, Aamer; Fatima, Nighat; Dawood, Muhammad; Rafique, Hummera; Iqbal, Jamshed (2016) - Sharma D, Narasimhan B, Kumar P, Judge V, Narang R, De Clercq E, Balzarini J. Synthesis, antimicrobial and antiviral evaluation of substituted imidazole derivatives. A series of N-(4-(4-chloro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-3-metho- xyphenyl)amide (22) and N-(4-(4-chloro-1H-imidazol-1- yl)-3-methoxyphenyl) sulfonamide (23) derivatives showed potent antitubercular activities activity against M. tuberculosis H37Rv, M. smegmatis, M. fortuitum and MDR-TB strains (Ranjith et al., 2014). Keywords: activities; activity; anti; cancer; cell; chem; compounds; derivatives; drugs; et al; eur; hepatitis; imidazole; j med; lines; med; med chem; synthesis; treatment; virus
• Antibacterial, antifungal and anti-inflammatory activities of Melia azedarach ethanolic leaf extract by Akacha, Maroua; Lahbib, Karima; Daami-Remadi, Mejda; Boughanmi, Néziha Ghanem (2016) - Accepted: 28 April 2016 Available Online: 5 June 2016 DOI: 10.3329/bjp.v11i3.27000 Cite this article: Akacha M, Lahbib K, Remadi MD, Ghanem N. Antibacterial, antifungal and anti-inflammatory activities of Melia azedarach ethanolic leaves ex- tract. × 100 Anti-inflammatory activity (Video Clip) Anti-inflammatory activity of M. azedarach ethanolic leaves extract and indomethacin, as standard drug, was determined by carrageenan-induced hind paw edema (Winter et al., 1962). Keywords: acid; activities; activity; anti; antibacterial; antifungal; azedarach; bangladesh; biolog; effects; et al; ethanolic; extract; leaves; melia; oxysporum
• Anti-aging activity of Radix polygoni multiflori preparata in aging mice model induced by D-galactose by bioassay method by Huo, Jiang Yan; Shen, Hong Chao; Wang, Shu Mei; Chen, Zhan Ke; Liang, Sheng Wang (2016) - Anti-aging activity of Radix polygoni multiflori preparata in aging mice model induced by D- galactose by bioassay method. Anti-aging activity of Radix polygoni multiflori preparata in aging mice model induced by D-galactose by bioassay method Jiang Yan Huo1, Hong Chao Shen1, Shu Mei Wang1, Zhan Ke Chen2 and Sheng Wang Keywords: activity; aging; chinese; content; control; emodin; group; method; mice; multiflori; polygoni; radix; solution
• Antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of Barleria prionitis and Barleria grandiflora: A comparative study by Sawarkar, Hemant Arunrao; Kashyap, Pranita P.; Pandey, Ajit Kumar; Singh, Mukesh Kumar; Kaur, Chanchal Deep (2016) - Zone of inhibition and MIC values obtained for all the extracts suggest ethanolic extract of the herbs were more antimicrobial when compared to the aqueous extract. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTT assay on human gingival fibroblast and human dermal fibroblast cell lines for ethanolic extract of the herbs. Keywords: activity; barleria; biofilm; chlorhexidine; extract; grandiflora; mic; prionitis; study
• Chemical and biological investigations of Dillenia indica Linn. by Parvin, Most. Nazma; Rahman, Mohammad S.; Islam, Mohammad S.; Rashid, Mohammad A. (2009) - I LC50 data of different extracts D. indica using brine shrimp lethality bioassay Samples LC50 (mg/mL) Vincristine sulphate (standard) 0.8 ± 0.5 Crude methanolic extract 8.9 ± 0.6 n-Hexane soluble fraction of the meth- anolic extract 11.3 ± 0.3 Carbon tetrachloride soluble fraction of the methanolic extract 14.0 ± The crude methanol extract and its n-hexane, carbon tetrachloride and chloroform soluble fractions (500 μg/ disc) were screened against 13 test bacteria (Bacillus cereus, B. megaterium, B. subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Sarcina lutea, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella paratyphi, S. typhi, Shigella boydii, S. dysenteriae, Vibrio mimicus, V. parahemolyticus) and 3 fungi (Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, Sacharomyces cerevacae). Keywords: activity; bangladesh; extract; indica; methanolic
• Antihyperglycemic and anti-oxidant activity of various fraction of Parmotrema hababianum in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat by Ganesan, Ayyappadasan; Mahesh, Amutha; Sundararaj, Jeya Prakash; Mani, Kalaiselvi; Ponnusamy, Ponmurugan (2016) - Anti-oxidant activity of lichen extracts 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical capturing assay Hydrogen free radical quenching assay was performed with different concentrations of lichen extracts (20, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800 and 1,000 µg/mL) in corresponding solvents (w/v). Anti-oxidant activities of aqueous extracts of selected plants. Keywords: activity; anti; diabetes; diabetic; extracts; hababianum; level; lichen; rats
• In vitro neutralization of Eachis carinatus and Naja naja venom by Canthium parviflorum and its GC-MS analysis by Shrikanth, Vineetha M.; Janardhan, Bhavya; More, Sunil S. (2016) - The present study focuses on the antivenom potential of thin layer chromatography (TLC) separated methanol extract of plant against E. carinatus and N. naja venom. Inhibition study was carried out by pre- incubating E. carinatus or N. naja venom with TLC separated bands for 30 min at 37°C. Keywords: activity; band; carinatus; extract; methanol; min; naja; naja naja; naja venom; neutralization; parviflorum; tlc; venom
• Enhancement of cognitive performance in mice and in vitro acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of 3,3’,4’,5,7-pentahydroxyflavone isolated from Cadaba indica by Dhivya, Sundaram; Latha, Subbiah; Selvamani, Palanisamy (2016) - Results Ethanol extract of C. indica furnished a white spot on purple background with the retention factor of 0.27. Figure 2 shows the effect of ethanol extract of C. indica in the presence or absence of scopolamine-induced memory deficit using the Y-maze task. Keywords: acetylcholinesterase; activity; bangladesh; bioactive; compound; ethanol; extract; indica; mice; pharmacol
• Extraction, isolation, characterization, semi-synthesis and antiplasmodial activity of Justicia adathoda leaves by Gopalan, Sivaperumal; Kulanthai, Kannnan; Sadashivam, Gnanavel; Pachiappan, Perumal; Rajamani, Sowmiya; Paramasivam, Deepak (2016) - To overcome such disputes of malaria the rapid emergence of antiplasmodial activity is required. The results achieved suggest that both isolated and semi-synthetic compounds may serve as a lead compound to antiplasmodial activity. Keywords: activity; adhatoda; compound; falciparum; va-1; vasicine
• New 1-octanoyl-3-aryl thiourea derivatives: Solvent-free synthesis, characterization and multi-target biological activities by Larik, Fayaz Ali; Saeed, Aamer; Channar, Pervaiz Ali; Ismail, Hammad; Dilshad, Erum; Mirza, Bushra (2016) - Accepted: 11 October 2016 Available Online: 14 November 2016 DOI: 10.3329/bjp.v11i4.29059 Cite this article: Saeed A, Larik FA, Channar PA, Is- mail H, Dilshad E, and Mirza B. New 1-octanoyl-3-aryl thiourea derivatives: solvent-free synthesis, characteriza- tion and multi-target biological activi- ties. Raza R, Saeed A, Arif M, Mahmood S, Muddassar M, Keywords: activity; compounds; quint; saeed; synthesis; thioureas
• A review on antidepressant effect of medicinal plants by Rabiei, Zahra; Rabiei, Sana (2017) - Therefore, adenylyl cyclase activity can be considered to be the biological index of depression (Li et al., 1999). The analgesic effects of this plant-based combination have been demonstrated, as well (Li et al., 2014). Keywords: acid; activity; antagonist; antidepressant; brain; compounds; depression; effects; et al; extract; mice; officinalis; pharmacol; plants; rabiei; receptor; serotonin; stress; study; system; test
• Rhizome extracts of Acorus odoratus: Antifungal, anti-yeast, anti-oxidant and HPLC quantification by Khan, Bilal Muhammad; Bakht, Jehan; Khan, Wajid (2017) - Anti-oxidant Activity All the seven concentrations of each tested extract were able to scavenge DPPH free radicals (Figure 4). Brand-Williams W, Cuvelier ME, Berset C. Use of a free radical method to evaluate anti-oxidant activity. Keywords: acetate; acid; acorus; activity; anti; antifungal; butanol; et al; ethyl; extracts; gallic; rhizome; yeast
• Composition, antibacterial and anti-oxidant potentials of the essential oil of Hedychium matthewii by Thomas, Sinjumol; Mani, Bince (2017) - Leaf and flower essential oils of H. gardnarianum reported the presence of and -pinenes as the major components (Medeiros et al., 2003). Essential oils obtained from H. spicatum, H. aurantiacum, H. coronarium and H. ellipticum exhibited good anti- oxidant potentials by quenching DPPH radicals and moderate to good Fe2+ chelating activity and may perhaps afford protection against oxidative damage (Joshi et al., 2008). Keywords: acid; activity; anti; et al; hedychium; linalool; matthewii; oil; oils; scavenging
• Sterculia diversifolia bears anti-cancer and immunomodulatory activities by Rabbi, Fazle; Zada, Amir; Adhikari, Achyut; Jabeen, Almas; Nisar, Amna; Ullah, Irfan (2017) - Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Research Article Sterculia diversifolia Sterculia diversifolia Sterculia diversifolia bears antibears antibears anti--- cancer and immunomodulatory cancer and immunomodulatory cancer and immunomodulatory activitiesactivitiesactivities BJP Introduction A variety of pharmacologically active compounds such as quercetin, apigenin and scopolin have been isolated from the leaves of Sterculia foetida (Rani et al., 2010). The methanolic extract of S. diversifolia and various fractions were investigated for anti-cancer activity against PC-3 cell lines (Table II). Keywords: activity; cancer; cytotoxic; diversifolia; extract; positive; sterculia; test
• Phytochemical studies and antibacterial activity of the aerial parts of Physospermum verticillatum by Boulacel, Ibtissem; Djarri, Lakhdar; Azzouzi, Salima; Medjroubi, Kamel; Demirtas, Ibrahim; Laouer, Hocine; Akkal, Salah (2017) - Boulacel I, Djarri L, Azzouzi S, Me- djroubi K, Demirtas I, Laouer H, Ak- kal S. Phytochemical studies and antibacterial activity of the aerial parts of Physospermum verticillatum. 2017; 12: Phytochemical studies and antibacterial activity of the aerial parts of Physospermum verticillatum Ibtissem Boulacel1, Lakhdar Djarri1, Salima Azzouzi2, Kamel Medjroubi2, Ibrahim Demirtas2, Hocine Laouer3 and Salah Akkal1 1Valorization of Natural Resources, Bioactive Molecules and Biological Analysis Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Mentouri Constantine1, Constantine 25000, Algeria; 2University of Çankırı Karatekin, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Ballica Campus, Çankırı 18100, Turkey; 3Laboratory of Natural Biological Resources Valorization, Faculty of Sciences, University of Setif, Setif 19000, Algeria. Keywords: activity; ethyl; extracts; verticillatum
• Anti-inflammatory activity of novel Schiff bases by in vitro models by Pandey, Ajit Kumar; Kashyap, Pranita P.; Kaur, Chanchal Deep (2017) - Anti-inflammatory activity of novel Schiff bases by in vitro models. Anti-inflammatory activity of novel Schiff bases by in vitro models Sir, A comprehensive collection of enzyme activation, moderator release, cell relocation, tissue collapse and repair are involved in an inflammation reaction (Vane, 2000) for host defense and usually activated in most disease conditions. Keywords: activity; compounds; inhibition; membrane; proteinase; test
• Evaluation of a poly-herbal preparation for the treatment of peptic ulcer by Hayat, Zaman; Chaudhry, Mueen Ahmad; Alamgeer, . (2017) - Calculation of the extent of gastric ulcer The intensity of ulcer lesions was evaluated by gross examination of stomach photographs and ulcer score was assigned. Ethanol is identified as a major risk factor for develop- ment of gastric ulcers (Sener et al., 2004). Keywords: activity; effect; group; index; pharmacol; score; ulcer; ulcerene
• Phytochemical characterization, anti-cancer and antimicrobial activity of isolated fractions of Alysicarpus vaginalis by Tapadiya, Ganesh; Kale, Mayura A.; Saboo, Shweta (2017) - Further plant extract fractions were explored for their antimicrobial potential to confirm the traditional use of plant as an anti-infective agent (Rattanata et al., 2014; Silva et al., 2015). The four fractions were separated and subjected for in vitro antimitotic and anti-proliferative assays along with anti-cancer activity on two human cancers cell lines (SK-MEL-2 and Hep-G2). Keywords: acetone; activity; butanol; cancer; cell; extract; fractions; http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/s2221169115300368; plant
• Ethnopharmacological evaluation of Cenchrus ciliaris for multiple gastrointestinal disorders by Aleem, Ambreen; Janbaz, Khalid Hussain (2017) - The decrease in the spontaneous movements of jejunum by crude extract is assumed to be mediated through Ca2+ channels blockade (Janbaz et al., 2012), as it was earlier observed that the antispasmodic constituents found in various medicinal plants inhibited the Ca2+ movement to produce their effect (Gilani et al., 2005a, 2005b). The chicks of experimental (Group 3, 4 and 5) received an oral dose of crude extract of C. ciliaris at the doses of 75, 100 and 150 mg/kg (solubilized in normal saline). Keywords: activity; calcium; ciliaris; contractions; control; effect; extract; pharmacol
• Chemical composition, phytochemical analysis and antimicrobial activity of Boerhavia procumbens by Khalil, Abdul Wajid; Iqbal, Zafar; Adhikari, Achyut (2017) - Arginine 0.1 ± 0.0c 3.7 ± 0.0b 8.9 ± 0.0a Lysine 0.0 ± 0.0 0.4 ± 0.0b 4.8 ± 0.0a Leucine 0.0 ± 0.0 0.7 ± 0.1a 0.7 ± 0.0a Methionine 0.1 ± 0.0c 1.1 ± 0.0b 3.8 ± 0.0a Valine 0.1 ± 0.0c 3.6 ± 0.0a 2.9 ± 0.0b Phenylalanine 0.1 ± 0.0c 1.8 ± 0.0b 3.4 ± 0.0a Values are mean ± SD; n = 3. 0.2a M. piriformis 8.5 ± 0.3c 0.0 ± 0.0d 12.5 ± 0.3b 24.4 ± 0.2a A. flavus 0.0 ± 0.0d 14.6 ± 0.2b 9.6 ± 0.2c 15.5 ± 0.2a Values are mean ± SD; n = 3. Keywords: 0.0a; 0.0b; 0.0c; activity; analysis; extract; leaf; plant; procumbens; root; stem
• Phytochemical analysis and antimicrobial activity of different extracts of Orthosiphon pallidus by Singh, Mukesh Kumar; Dhongade, Hemant; Tripathi, D. K. (2017) - Gentamicin/ fluconazole (20 µg/mL) Staphylococcus aure- us MTCC 3160 200 10 ± 0.5 10 ± 1.3 11 ± 3.6 21 ± 1.8 400 12 ± 0.5 11 ± 1.2 14 ± 3.6 800 15 ± 0.4 13 ± 1.3 16 ± 1.3 1600 16 ± 0.5 14 ± 1.2 18 ± 0.7 3200 18 ± 0.5 15 ± 1.2 19 ± 0.9 Streptococcus mutans MTCC 890 200 9 ± 0.2 8 ± 0.3 10 ± 1.1 22 ± 0.1 400 12 ± 1.2 11 ± 0.2 13 ± 1.2 800 13 ± 0.3 12 ± 1.0 14 ± 1.1 1600 15 ± 0.3 13 ± 0.1 17 ± 1.3 3200 16 ± 0.0 15 ± 0.1 18 ± 1.1 Bacillus coagulans MTCC 492 200 11 ± 1.1 10 ± 1.0 9 ± 1.0 20 ± 1.6 400 13 ± 1.2 12 ± 1.1 13 ± 1.1 800 14 ± 1.1 14 ± 1.2 15 ± 1.5 1600 16 ± 1.3 14 ± 2.0 16 ± 1.3 3200 18 ± 1.2 16 ± 1.3 17 ± 1.4 Candia albicans MTCC 3017 200 6 ± 0.4 7 ± 1.4 9 ± 0.7 18 ± 0.8 400 8 ± 0.2 8 ± 1.1 11 ± 0.5 800 9 ± 0.3 10 ± 1.1 12 ± 0.3 1600 10 ± 1.6 11 ± 2.4 13 ± 1.5 3200 11 ± 1.0 12 ± 1.0 15 ± 0.6 Results are expressed as Mean ± SD of three replicates http://www.bioxbio.com/if/html/BANGL-J-PHARMACOL.html activity of all extracts was compared using gentamicin and fluconazole (20 µg/mL) as a standards and dimethyl sulfoxide as control. The aqueous extract contains carbohydrate, glycoside and tannin and hydroalcoholic extract contained carbohydrate, tannin and flavonoid. Keywords: activity; extracts; pallidus
• Synthesis, characterization and evaluation of antidiabetic activity of novel indoline derivatives by Manoharan, Dhineshkumar; Kulanthai, Kannan; Sadhasivam, Gnanavel; Raji, Vijayan; Thayumanavan, Paalvannan (2017) - Abstract Series of indoline derivatives were synthesized using N-(4-aminophenyl) indoline-1-carbothiamide as a precursor. In vitro antidiabetic activity of indoline derivatives The α-amylase inhibitory activities were performed by (Nickavar and Amin, 2011), which was originally pro- posed by (Patil et al., 2013). Keywords: activity; indoline; nmr; stretch; synthesis
• Natural product as a source of prodrug by Padmavathy, Jagannathan; Devarajan, Saravanan (2017) - Duocarmycins Duocarmycins such as A, B1, B2, C1, C2, D, SA and CC- 1065 are natural prodrugs isolated from the Strepto- myces. Leinamycin E1 Leinamycin E1 is natural prodrug isolated from the Streptomyces atroolivaceus. Keywords: acid; activities; activity; bacteria; bangladesh; cancer; cells; compound; development; discovery; drugs; enzyme; et al; form; med; natural; pharmacol; plants; present; prodrug; products; source; treatment
• Anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and enzyme inhibitory activities of 10 selected Unani herbs by Nile, Shivraj Hariram; Keum, Young Soo (2017) - Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and enzyme inhibitory activities of 10 selected Unani herbs. You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author or licensor mailto:nileshivraj@gmail.com mailto:nileshivraj@konkuk.ac.kr Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2017; 12: 162-164 163 Table I Phytochemical analysis, anti-oxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities of the extracts of selected herbs Botanical name Rubia cordifo- lia Rauwolfia serpentina Origa- num vulgare Hyssopus officinalis Cicho- rium intybus Malva syl- vestris Portu- laca oleracea Keywords: activities; activity; antioxidant; enzyme; extract
• In vitro antifungal, anti-oxidant and HPLC analysis of the extracts of Physalis philadelphica by Khan, Wajid; Bakht, Jehan; Khan, Bilal Muhammad (2017) - % A nt i-o xi da nt a ct iv ity A 0 50 100 150 200 250 Concentration 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 B 0 50 100 150 200 250 Concentration Figure 3: Anti-oxidant activity of the different extracts of the stem (A) and calyx (B) Methanol n-Hexane Ethyl acetate n-Butanol Water Gallic acid Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2017; 12: 313-318 315 the highest radical scavenging activity at 250 µg/mL. Anti-oxidant activities of flavonol derivates from the leaves and stem bark of Scutia buxifolia Reiss. Keywords: acetate; activity; anti; concentration; ethyl; extracts; methanol; oxidant; plant; radical
• Chemical composition and biological activity of Nepeta cilicica by Iscan, Gökalp; Göger, Fatih; Demirci, Betül; Köse, Yavuz Bülent (2017) - Nepetalactone isomers 4a ,7 ,7a -nepetalactone, 4a ,7 ,7a - nepetalactone, 4a ,7 ,7a -nepetalactone, 4a ,7 ,7a - nepetalactoneand 4a ,7 ,7a -nepetalactone are consi- dered as biochemical indicator of the nepetalactone-rich group of Nepeta essential oils. Even though two studies have been reported on the chemical compo- sition of N. cilicica essential oil. Keywords: acid; activity; cilicica; composition; compounds; extract; methanol; nepeta; oil; rri
• Advances in hepatoprotective medicinal plants research by Qadir, Muhammad Imran; Ahmad, Zara (2017) - Although numerous herbal medicines have universal status significantly but there are some limiting factors behind their usage including inconsistency of the herbal drugs, lack of recognition of active constituents, randomized controlled tentative trials, and lack of toxicological review (Saleem et al., 2010). Dried fruiting bodies Ethanol Carbon tetra- chloride Mouse ↓ALT, AST MDA (liver) suppression, ↑SOD, GSH-Px Prevent ↑ in liver wt, ↓Lipid droplet accumulation Liu et al., 2017 Oxalis stricta (Pickle plant) Whole plant Ethanol Paracetamol Rat Prevent GSH depletion ↓lipid peroxidation, AST, ALT, ALP, Keywords: activity; alp; alt; anti; bangladesh; bilirubin; carbon; carbon tetrachloride; cat; damage; effect; et al; ethanol; extract; gsh; hepatoprotective; hepatotoxicity; leaf; liver; mda; med; medicinal; paracetamol; paracetamol rat; pharmacol; plants; rat; rat ↓ast; rats; res; sci; tetrachloride; tetrachloride rat; ↓ast
• HPLC analysis, anti-oxidant activity of Genista ferox and its anti-proliferative effect in HeLa cell line by Bencherchar, Ilhem; Demirtas, Ibrahim; Altun, Muhammed; Gul, Fatih; Sarri, Djamel; Benayache, Fadila; Benayache, Samir; Mekkiou, Ratiba (2017) - nd 1.0 Taxifolin 10.6 nd Trace Trace 0.3 Trace Trace Trace 1.0 Hesperidin 10.8 Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace 0.0 Apigetrin 10.9 Trace Trace Trace 0.7 16.1 Trace 1.1 3.3 Neohesperidin 11.1 Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace Myricetin 11.9 nd Trace Trace Trace Trace 0.2 Trace Trace Baicalin 12.0 Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace nd Trace Fisetin 12.1 Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace 0.8 Morin 13.0 0.8 0.1 1.5 0.2 5.0 0.1 6.4 1.2 Resveratrol 13.0 Trace Trace nd Trace Trace Trace nd Trace Quercetin 14.0 Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace Silibinin 15.1 Trace Trace nd trace nd Trace nd Trace Apigenin 15.6 0.0 1.7 59.6 11.8 62.5 18.9 343.1 43.8 Naringenin 15.7 Trace Trace Trace 0.1 Trace 1.1 Trace 0.2 Kaempferol 15.7 nd Trace Trace 0.1 Trace 0.2 2.5 0.7 Diosmetin 16.1 nd 0.0 6.7 0.1 nd 0.2 51.7 0.9 Neochanin 17.7 nd Trace Trace Trace nd Trace Trace Trace Eupatorin 18.9 nd Trace Trace Trace nd Trace Trace nd Wogonin 19.8 Trace Trace Trace Trace nd Trace Trace Trace Galangin 20.5 nd Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace Biochanin A nd nd Trace Trace Trace nd trace trace Total flavonoids and phenolics 7.9 1.9 71.2 15.8 183.5 21.6 411.5 59.8 Keywords: acetate; acid; activity; anti; butanol; ethyl; extract; methanol; oxidant; phenolic; stem; trace trace
• GC-MS profiling and antidepressant-like effect of the extracts of Hamelia patens in animal model by Surana, Ajaykumar Rikhabchand; Wagh, Rajendra Dayaram (2017) - GC-MS profiling of chloroform extract was performed to find out the chemical constituents in bioactive fraction. The immobility time of chloroform extract was found to be 152.7 ± 11.0, 138.3 ± 5.7 sec and for methanol extract 185.3 ± 4.3, 186.5 ± 4.3 sec for the doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg/day on day 7 day respectively. Keywords: activity; antidepressant; chloroform; extract; immobility; patens; tail; test
• Medicinal plants with wound healing potential by Firdous, Sayeed Mohammed; Sautya, Dippayan (2018) - Recently many plant extracts have been reported for wound healing activity and their cellular mechanism of wound healing has been studied extensively. Medicinal Plants with Wound Healing Poten- tial Many medicinal plants have been reported to show wound healing activity. Keywords: activity; aloe; bangladesh; cells; collagen; dactylon; effect; et al; ethanolic; excision; extract; gel; healing; healing activity; medicinal; model; officinalis; ointment; pharmacol; plant; potential; rat; study; tissue; vera; wistar; wound; wound healing; wound model
• Anti-ulcer activity of Cestrum nocturnum leaf in ethanol- and indomethacin-induced ulcer models by Saleem, Uzma; Haq, Ejaz ul; Ahmad, Bashir; Saleem, Mohammad (2017) - Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Research Article AntiAntiAnti---ulcer activity of ulcer activity of ulcer activity of Cestrum noc-Cestrum noc-Cestrum noc- turnumturnumturnum leaf in ethanolleaf in ethanolleaf in ethanol--- and indo-and indo-and indo- methacinmethacinmethacin---induced ulcer modelsinduced ulcer modelsinduced ulcer models BJP Introduction In clinical practice peptic ulcer is the most common gastrointestinal disorder (Bafna and Balaraman, 2004). Number of plants have been investigated for anti-ulcer activity by number of researchers such as Mentha longifolia, Dalbergia sissoo, Morus nigra, Convolvulus arvensis and Chenopodium murale (Saleem et al., 2014; Mallhi et al., 2014; Keywords: 0.1a; activity; anti; control; extract; group; ulcer
• Pharmacological effects of Cnicus arvensis on the gastrointestinal system by Saqib, Fatima; Hassan, Sakeena; Imran, Imran; Aleem, Ambreen; Janbaz, Khalid Hussain (2018) - Discussion The methanol extract of C. arvensis was applied to the Figure 1: Effect of crude extract (A), petroleum ether extract (B), aqueous extract (C) and verapamil on isolated rabbit jejunum preparations Crude extract (mg/mL) 0.01 0.03 0.1 0.3 1.0 3.0 Petroleum ether extract (mg/mL) 0.01 0.03 0.1 0.3 Aqueous extract (mg/mL) 0.01 0.03 0.1 0.3 1.0 Verapamil (µM) 0.01 0.03 0.1 0.3 A B C D Figure 2: Additionally, 18 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2018; 13: 16-22 pretreatment of the isolated rabbit jejunum preparation with crude extract (0.3-1.0 mg/mL) caused rightward shifting of concentration response curves for Ca2+ (Figure 3A, n = 5). Keywords: activity; arvensis; concentration; contractions; extract; figure; jejunum; rabbit; tissue
• Anti-fibrotic activity of medicinal plants by Akhtar, Usman; Ahmad, Mobasher (2017) - For in vivo studies, carbon tetrachloride (CCl4 ) has been widely used to study liver fibrosis in experimental rodents (Uehara et al., 2014). After continuous injury oxidative stress is produced by several sources can influence liver fibrosis. Keywords: activity; anti; carbon; ccl4; effect; et al; extract; injury; kim; liver; liver fibrosis; liver injury; model; pharmacol; plant; potential; rat; rats; serum; tetrachloride; treatment
• Antimicrobial, antitubercular and antiproliferative activities of quercetin isolated from the marine Streptomyces fradiae by Gopikrishnan, Venugopal; Radhakrishnan, Manickkam; Pazhanimurugan, Raasaiyah; Shanmugasundaram, Thangavel; Balagurunathan, Ramasamy (2017) - Figure 1: Anti-microbial activity of quercetin against standard and MDR microbial pathogens Test bacterial pathogens % R ed uc tio n in R LU 100 80 60 40 20 0 25 µg/mL 12.5 µg/mL 6.1 µg/mL 3.1 µg/mL Concentrations M. tuberculosis H37Rv M. tuberculosis (SHRE sensitive) Anti-microbial activity of soil actinomycetes isolated from Western Ghats in Tamil Nadu, India. Keywords: activity; quercetin; tuberculosis
• Ethnopharmacological basis for antispasmodic, antidiarrheal and antiemetic activities of Ceratonia siliqua pods by Hamid, Irfan; Janbaz, Khalid Hussain (2017) - Muscarinic receptor blocking activity To confirm the antispasmodic effect, rabbit jejunum was treated with 1 µM carbachol to induce contraction and C. siliqua extract was added in a cumulative fashion (1-10 mg/kg) to attain concentration-dependent spas- molytic response. So, it might be possible that the antispasmodic effect of crude extract, dichloromethane fraction and free base alkaloid fraction of C. siliqua extract was possibly mediated through blockage of muscarinic receptor M3. Keywords: activity; c. siliqua; carbachol; contraction; extract; fraction; group; jejunum; pods; siliqua
• Antithrombotic activity of Mentha longifolia in animal model by Alamgeer, .; Ain, Qurat ul; Hasan, Umme Habiba; Asif, Hira (2018) - Aqueous methanolic (70:30) extract produced significant (p<0.01-0.001) and dose- dependent increase in in vitro blood clotting time, bleeding time, prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin level with maximum effect at highest concentration. Clotting time (sec) 186.0 ± 3.6 201.6 ± 8.1ns 261.2 ± 3.0a 311.4 ± 3.5a Prothrombin time (sec) 11.2 ± 1.1 19.4 ± 1.9c 27.0 ± 2.6a 33.0 ± 1.6a Activated partial thromboplastin time (sec) 25.6 ± 1.8 42.4 ± 4.4b 54.8 ± 1.5a 65.8 ± 2.1a Results are expressed as mean ± SEM; One-way ANOVA followed by Dunnet’s t-test; Where, nsnon-significant, cp<0.1, bp<0.01 and cp<0.001 as compared to control Figure 2: Effects of aqueous methanolic extract of M. longifolia on bleeding time of rabbit. Keywords: activity; aqueous; bleeding; blood; clotting; clotting time; effect; et al; extract; longifolia; prothrombin; thromboplastin; time
• Potential role of medicinal plants for anti-atherosclerosis activity by Qadir, Muhammad Imran; Manzoor, Ayesha; Akash, Muhammad Sajid Hamid (2018) - Results showed that the group that was treated with both KRG and exercise revealed more reduction of atherosclerosis than other groups (Lee et al., 2014). M in i-r ev ie w The saponins obtained from the G. pentaphyllum reduce the cholesterol level by modulation of the absorption from intestine by lowering the solubilization of micelles (Liu et al., 2016). Keywords: activity; anti; atherosclerosis; cholesterol; deposition; effects; et al; extract; garlic; level; lipid; plant; rats; reduction; results; role
• Pass and Swiss ADME collaborated in silico docking approach to the synthesis of certain pyrazoline spacer compounds for dihydrofolate reductase inhibition and antimalarial activity by Lohidakshan, Krishnakumar; Rajan, Manju; Ganesh, Andhale; Paul, Mathew; Jerin, Jithu (2018) - 1991-0088 Abstract New series of pyrazoline spacer compounds were prepared by the reaction between benzimidazole chalcones and (2-methyl-5-nitro-imidazole-1-yl)- acetic acid hydrazide by the sensible use of Michael addition. The PASS activity prediction for pyrazoline compounds given a higher value of proba- bility for antiprotozoal action (Figure 2). Keywords: activity; adme; antimalarial; compounds; docking; drug; methyl-5; prediction; pyrazoline; results; silico; synthesis
• Determination of the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of Frankenia hirsuta by Canli, Kerem; Simsek, Ozcan; Yetgin, Ali; Altuner, Ergin Murat (2017) - Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Research Article Determination of the chemical com-Determination of the chemical com-Determination of the chemical com- position and antimicrobial activity of position and antimicrobial activity of position and antimicrobial activity of Frankenia hirsutaFrankenia hirsutaFrankenia hirsuta BJP Introduction Foodborne pathogens cause critical problems all over the world. The results showed that F. hirsuta had antimicrobial activity against all of the studied micro-organisms except E. aerogenes and E. coli. Keywords: acid; activity; antimicrobial; bacteria; canli; composition; extract; hirsuta
• Separation and evaluation of natural antileishmanial potential against Leishmania major and infuntum isolated from the Tunisia strains by Bouabdallah, Salwa; Laouini, Dhafer; Bouzouita, Nabiha; El-Bok, Safia; Sghaier, Rabiaa M.; Selmi, Sawssen; Attia, Mossadok Ben (2018) - As described in the introduction section, recently saponins have become a research hotspot due to their multiple and strong bioactivities, especially their cytotoxic activities on a series of tumor cell lines related to their chemical structure (Bouabdallah et al., 2015; Nath et al., 2016; Zhang et al., 2016; Zhou et al., 2017). In our last publication we have shown a strong inhibitory activity of Tunisian T. terrestris on ovary cancer cell lines (Bouabdallah et al., 2015), so in the present study we propose to investigate the antileishmanial effect on L. major and L. infuntum of T. terrestris according to, solvent extraction and the part of the plant used. Keywords: activity; antileishmanial; bangladesh; cell; effect; extract; fraction; major; min; plant; saponins; terrestris; tunisia
• Antioxidant, DNA-damage protection and anti-cancer properties of n-butanol extract of the endemic Perralderia coronopifolia by Bekhouche, Khadidja; Ozen, Tevfik; Boussaha, Sara; Koldas, Serkan; Yenigun, Semiha; Lassed, Somia; Demirtas, Ibrahim; Benayache, Fadila; Benayache, Samir; Zama, Djamila (2018) - Abstract This study was designed to evaluate in vitro the total phenolic, flavonoid content, anti-oxidant activity, oxidative DNA-damage protection and anti- cancer activity of n-butanol extract from Perralderia coronopifolia, endemic plant. According to the cumulative level of DPPH· scavenging, anti-oxidant activity, reducing power, hydrogen peroxide scavenging and metal chelating assays, the extract may provide DNA protection. Keywords: activity; anti; butanol; coronopifolia; damage; dna; extract; h2o2; plant; scavenging
• Antimicrobial and anti-oxidant potentials of marine sponges of South Andaman, India by Chander, M. Punnam; Vijayachari, Paluru (2018) - Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Volume: 13; Number 1; Year 2018 Cite this article as: Chander MP, Vijayachari P. Antimicrobial and anti-oxidant potentials of marine sponges of South Andaman, India. Methanol extracts of Plakortis simplex, Dictyonella Schmidt, Xestospongia testudinaria also showed anti-bacterial activity. Keywords: activity; india; marine
• Harmine and its derivatives: Biological activities and therapeutic potential in human diseases by Javeed, Maria; Rasul, Azhar; Hussain, Ghulam; Jabeen, Farhat; Rasool, Bilal; Riaz, Ammara; Kaukab, Ghazala; Ali, Muhammad (2018) - Harmine derivatives are gifted with pharmacological profiles (Zhang et al., 2016). Structure-activity relationship of harmine derivatives has been established by TD-DFT study (Lamchouri et al., 2013) and this study showed that position-3 and 9 played a crucial role in antitumor as well as neurotoxicity of harmine derivatives. Keywords: activities; activity; alkaloids; anti; antitumor; apoptosis; bangladesh; beta; cancer; carboline; cells; chem; chen; derivatives; effects; et al; expression; filali; filali et; harmala; harmine; harmine derivatives; human; liu; pharmacol; potential; wang; zhang
• Chemical analysis of phenolic compounds and determination of antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of organic extracts of Pinus coulteri by Merah, Soumia; Dahmane, Dahmane; Krimat, Soumeya; Metidji, Hafidha; Nouasri, Ahmed; Lamari, Lynda; Dob, Tahar (2018) - Anti-oxidant activity Total anti-oxidant capacity The total anti-oxidant capacity (TAC) was evaluated according to the method described by Prieto et al. (1999). The percent of anti-oxidant activity (AA) was calculated using the equation: AA= (Rcontrol - Rsample)/ Rcontrol Keywords: acid; activities; activity; anti; bangladesh; compounds; concentration; coulteri; extract; min; phenolic; pinus; plant
• Mechanism of the diuretic activity of Descurainia sophia seed by Zeng, Mengnan; Zhang, Li; Li, Miao; Zhang, Beibei; Feng, Weisheng; Kuang, Haixue; Zheng, Xiaoke (2018) - The results show that the 59.7 and 119.5 mg/kg dose of washing elution fractions and DS decreased the expression of AQP1 in kidney, while Table III Effect of washing elution fraction on rats’ urine volume (mL/100 g) Group 1st day 2nd day 3rd day 4th day 5th day 6th day 7th day Control group 1.8 ± 0.6 2.1 ± 0.5 1.8 ± 0.4 1.5 ± 0.2 2.0 ± 0.2 2.0 ± 0.2 1.8 ± 0.2 Hydrochlorothiazide (17 mg/kg) 3.5 ± 0.8b 3.8 ± 1.0b 3.6 ±0.7b 4.0 ± 1.0b 4.2 ± 0.9b 3.9 ± 0.6b 3.9 ± 1.2b D. sophia (234 mg/kg) 1.9 ± 0.3 2.7 ± 0.5 2.8 ± 0.7a 2.7 ± 0.2b 2.8 ± 0.2b 2.9 ± 0.5b 3.1 ± 0.4b Washing elution fraction (60 mg/kg) 1.6 ± 0.2 2.3 ± 0.2 2.3 ± 0.3 2.0 ± 0.6 2.3 ± 0.3a 2.6 ± 0.3a 2.6 ± 0.2a Washing elution fraction (119.5 mg/kg) 1.6 ± 0.3 2.8 ± 0.6 2.9 ± 0.5a 2.3 ± 0.4a 3.0 ± 0.6b 3.1 ± 0.5b 3.0 ± 0.8b Washing elution fraction (238.9 mg/kg) 2.1 ± 0.6 2.1 ± 0.3 2.0 ± 0.3 2.0 ± 0.3 1.9 ± 0.5 2.4 ± 0.7a 2.9 ± 0.7a Values are expressed as mean ± SD of eight rats in each group. Six groups are: Control group, hydrochlorothiazide group (17 mg/kg), D. sophia group, water elution fraction group of low dose, water elution fraction group of medium dose and water elution fraction group of high dose. Keywords: activity; diuretic; dose; elution; fractions; group; sophia; urine; washing; washing elution
• Isolation of phytoconstituents and evaluation of biological potentials of Berberis hispanica from Algeria by Lemoui, Redouane; Benyahia, Samira; Noman, Labib; Bencherchar, Ilham; Oke-Altuntas, Feyza; Rebbas, Khellaf; Benayache, Samir; Benayache, Fadila; Demirtas, Ibrahim (2018) - The remarkable anti- proliferative activity by B. hispanica extract and fraction against human cervical cell line in our study might be due to the presence of anti-cancerous compounds, need to be isolated and identified for more investigation. Anti-oxidant activity Ethyl acetate extract (IC50= 79.8 µg/mL) showed higher radical scavenging effect than the n-butanol extract (IC50= 136.2 µg/mL) (Table I). Keywords: activity; cell; compounds; extract; hispanica; phenolic; rutin; tamarixetin; total
• Evaluation of anticoagulant and thrombolytic activity of Berberis orthobotrys in animal model by Alamgeer, .; Tarar, Mahpara; Hasan, Umme Habiba; Saleem, Muhammad (2018) - Moreover, 10% concentration of crude extract produced pronoun- ced effects of activated partial thromboplastin time (340 ± 30.2) as compared to the control (23.0 ± 1.0) (Table I). Administration of B. orthobotrys aqueous methanolic extract revealed a highly significant increase in activated partial thromboplastin time in human and rabbit’s serum in both in vitro and in vivo assays. Keywords: acid; activity; blood; clotting; extract; min; orthobotrys; prothrombin; thromboplastin; time
• Anti-snake venom potential of Clerodendrum serratum extracts on Bungarus caeruleus and Daboia russelii venom by Vasudev, Shwetha; More, Sunil Shivajirao; Annappa, Gautham Santhekadur; More, Veena Sunil (2018) - In the present study, inhibition was performed on three enzymes of snake venom namely PLA2, protease and hyaluronidase, also known as major enzyme toxins (METs) which if inhibited will be efficient in neutralizing the toxic effects of snake venom, although all extracts of C. serratum has shown inhibitions, on krait venom, the plant extracts were not able to efficiently inhibit D. russelii venom enzymes. Minimum fibrinogenolytic activity of B. cearuleus venom was observed at a concentration of 5 µg where A band was degraded and same was observed at concentration of 10 and 15 µg, whereas D. russelii- induced degradation of both A and B band at a minimum concentration of 5 µg, further increase in venom concentration up to 10 and 15 µg showed similar Table I Activity of B. Caeruleus and D. russelii venom on enzymes Enzymes Specific activity B. caeruleus D. russelii Protease (μM/ hour/mg) 1.2 ± 0.1 1.4 ± 0.1 PLA2 (U/mg) 634.2 ± 42.4 260.0 ± 35.3 Hyaluronidase (TRU/min/mg) 1.3 ± 0.8 0.5 ± 0.0 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 -20 B. caeruleus Venom P. ether Chl E. acetate Meth Figure 1: In vitro inhibition studies of C. serratum plant extracts against the MET’s of B. caeruleus venom (A) and D. russelii venom (B). Keywords: activity; caeruleus; extracts; inhibition; plant; russelii; serratum; snake; venom
• Ameliorating effect of Berberis lycium root bark extracts against cisplatin-induced nephropathy in rat by Anwar, Rukhsana; Sultan, Rabeea; Batool, Fasiha (2018) - Group I: Normal control, water daily for 19 days; Group II: Toxic control, water daily for 19 days and cisplatin (4 mg/kg single i.p) was administered on day 14; Group III: aqueous extract (200 mg/kg) daily for 19 days by oral gavage; Group IV: aqueous extract (400 mg/kg) daily for 19 days by oral gavage; Group V: aqueous extract (200 mg/kg) daily for 19 days and cisplatin (4 mg/kg single i.p) on 14th day; Group VI: aqueous extract (400 mg/kg) daily for 19 days and cisplatin (4 mg/kg single i.p) was administered on day 14; Group VII: methanol extract (200 mg/kg) daily for 19 days by oral gavage; Group VIII: methanol extract (400 mg/kg) daily for 19 days by oral gavage; Group IX: methanol extract (200 mg/kg) daily for 19 days and cisplatin (4 mg/kg single i.p) was administered on day 14; Group X: methanol extract (400 mg/kg) daily for 19 days and cisplatin (4 mg/kg single i.p) was administered on 14th day. Aqueous extract (200 mg/kg) 0.6 ± 0.0b 2.4± 0.0b 18.1 ± 1.0b Cisplatin (4 mg/kg) + Aqueous extract (400 mg/kg) 0.6 ± 0.0b 2.2 ± 0.4b 26.7 ± 0.5b Cisplatin (4 mg/kg) + Methanol extract (200 mg/kg) 0.6 ± 0.0b 2.2 ± 0.1b 35 ± 1.2b Cisplatin (4 mg/kg) + Methanol extract (400 mg/kg) 0.5 ± 0.0b 1.7 ± 0.2b 25 ± 2.1b Values are expressed as the mean ± SD. Keywords: acid; activity; cisplatin; control; extract; group; kidney; lycium; mda; methanol; nephrotoxicity; rats
• Antibacterial activities of endophytic fungi isolated from six Sri Lankan plants of the family Cyperaceae by Ratnaweera, Pamoda B.; Walgama, R. Chandula; Jayasundera, Kinkini U.; Herath, Suseema D.; Abira, S.; Williams, David E.; Andersen, Raymond J.; de Silva, E. Dilip (2018) - Antibacterial activities of endophytic fungi isolated from six Sri Lankan plants of the family Cyperaceae Pamoda B. Ratnaweera1, R. Chandula Walgama2, Kinkini U. Jayasundera2, Suseema D. Herath1, S. Abira1, David E. Williams3, Raymond J. Andersen3 and E. Dilip de Silva2 1Department of Science and Technology, Uva Wellassa University, Badulla, Sri Lanka; 2Department of Chemistry, University of Colombo, Colombo 03, Sri Lanka; 3Department of Chemistry and Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. Endophytic fungi are widespread and occupy virtually all plant species on Earth with their estimated number reaching a million species (Radic and Strukelj, 2012). Keywords: activity; antibacterial; antimicrobial; bacteria; endophytic; et al; extracts; fungi; gram; plants; positive
• Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of Origanum ramonense essential oil on the β-lactamase and extended- spectrum β-lactamase urinary tract isolates by Qaralleh, Haitham N. (2018) - Essential oils have been applied for centuries in phar- maceuticals and alternative medicine. Essential oils are secondary metabolites produced by aromatic plant families such as Apiaceae and Lamiaceae. Keywords: activity; coli; concentration; infection; minimum; oil; origanum; ramonense; tract
• Protective effect of Aurelia aurita against free radicals and streptozotocin-induced diabetes by Talluri, Mallikarjuna Rao; Ketha, Alekhya; Battu, Ganga Rao; Tadi, Rajananda Swamy; Tatipamula, Vinay Bharadwaj (2018) - The animals were subjected for acute toxicity study using A. aurita extract at doses 5, 50, 300, 2000 mg/kg body weight orally in four groups at regular intervals of time for 7 days. Results Chemical analysis The chemical analysis of A. aurita methanolic extract showed the presence of alkaloids, carboxilic acids, phe- nols, proteins, amino acids, saponins, steroids, terpe- noids and absence of carbohydrates, coumarins, flavo- noids, glycosides, quinones, and tannins (Table I). Keywords: a. aurita; activity; animals; aurita; blood; diabetic; et al; extract; glucose; group; levels; methanolic; radical; rao; rats
• New bioactive triaryl triglyceride esters: Synthesis, characterization and biological activities by Arshad, Tanzila; Sheikh, Hamdullah Khadim; Kazmi, Mehdi Hassan; Farheen, Sadia; Sohail, Tehmina; Lateef, Mehreen (2018) - In recent years, benzoic acid derivatives have been reported for their inhibitory activities against different enzymes like urease (Rauf et al., 2014), acetylcholinesterase (Yildiz et al., 2016), tyrosinase (Khan et al., 2010) and Trypanosoma cruzi trans-sialidase (TcTS) In this research work, synthesis of new triglyceride with benzoic acid derivatives rather than fatty acid has been reported through, an environmental friendly and inexpensive, acyl addition elimination reaction by using CDI reported by Sheikh et al. (2018). Keywords: acid; activity; aryl; derivatives; inhibition; nmr; synthesis; urease
• Antidepressant, neuropharmacological activity and mode of action of theaflavin-3-gallate in in vitro and in vivo models of depression by Wang, Ying; Chen, Jing; Wang, Jing; Guo, Xin; Wang, Ning; Yuan, Jie (2018) - Results Effect on N2a cell viability after 1-methyl-4-phenyl pyridinium treatment The viability of N2a cells exposed to 1-methyl-4-phenyl pyridinium (20 µM) for 48 hours was considerably diminished in comparison to the control group, with a survival rate of 11.5% of the control (Figure 1). Consequently researchers worldwide started to study the effect of Abstract Herein the antidepressant-like effect of theaflavin-3-gallate, a plant poly- phenolic compound in 1-methyl-4-phenyl pyridinium-induced neuronal injury in N2a cells used as an in vitro model of depression as well as in vivo. Keywords: activity; antidepressant; cells; control; depression; effect; gallate; mtt; n2a; phenyl; phenyl pyridinium; pyridinium; step; test; theaflavin-3
• Effect of Artemisia persica on seizure severity and memory and learning disorders in pentylenetetrazole-kindled mice by Daneshkhah, Mozhgan; Setorki, Mahbubeh (2019) - So far, the anti- inflammatory effects of A. persica extract have not been investigated, but other species of Artemisia have been observed to have significant anti-inflammatory activity (De Magalhães et al., 2012; Yin et al., 2008). Although the neuroprotective effect of A. persica effect has not yet been studied, it seems that plant extract can show protective effects against pentylenetetrazole- induced seizure due to the presence of high amounts of artemisinin, and therefore the present study was conducted to investigate this possibility. Keywords: activity; anti; et al; extract; group; mice; pentylenetetrazole; persica; seizure
• In vitro antioxidant, hypotensive and diuretic activities of Origanum glandulosum in rat by Bouaziz, Amel; Khennouf, Seddik; Abu Zarga, Musa; Abdalla, Shtaywy (2019) - The results showed that O. glandulosum fractions contained phenolic compounds in the following order: ethyl acetate extract> chloroform extract> methanol extract> aqueous extract, whereas the total flavonoids contents of plant extracts had the following order: chloroform extract> methanol extract> ethyl acetate extract> aqueous extract. It is imperative to use more than one anti-oxidant test when evaluate the anti-oxidant efficacy of plant extracts because different extract possess different phyto- chemicals in different concentrations that may act through different mechanisms. Keywords: acetate; activity; anti; blood; diuretic; ethyl; extract; glandulosum; methanol; plant; pressure; radical; scavenging
• Anxiolytic and hypnotic effects of Cocculus laurifolius leaf extract in mice by Maqbool, Sidra; Younus, Ishrat (2019) - In addition to this, a significant reduction in latency to first head dip, with augmentation in head dipping behavior and rearing by ethanolic extract leaves of C. laurifolius leaves at dose 200 and 400 mg/kg. The hypnotic activity of ethanolic extract leaves of C. laurifolius leaves was observed by sodium-pentobar- bital-induced hypnosis in comparison with diazepam. Keywords: activity; anxiety; anxiolytic; day; dose; effect; extract; laurifolius; leaves; mice; number; test; time
• Salvia officinalis induces antidepressant-like effect, anxiolytic activity and learning improvement in hippocampal lesioned and intact adult rats by El Gabbas, Zineb; Bezza, Kenza; Laadraoui, Jawad; Makbal, Rachida; Aboufatima, Rachida; Chait, abderrahman (2018) - Systematic and mechanistic studies of the effects of S. officinalis extracts have revealed multiple activities potentially relevant to brain function, and some reports showed that ethanolic extract of S. officinalis potentiates the memory retention and interacts with muscarinic and nicotinic cholinergic systems involved in the memory retention process (Eidi et al., 2006). DPPH Free radical-scavenging activity The total anti-oxidant capacity measures the free radical scavenging capacity of S. officinalis extract. Keywords: acid; activity; antidepressant; control; effect; extract; group; learning; methanolic; min; officinalis; pharmacol; rats; sage; test
• Stellaria media attenuates the hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia in alloxan-induced diabetic rat by Khan, Rahmat; Ahmad, Wasim; Ahmed, Mushtaq (2019) - Administration of S. media remarkably improved hemoglobin (+20.1%), and decreased HbA1c (−48.4%) when compared to diabetic control rats. These results were observed from first to fourth week of the study period in comparison to diabetic control rats. Keywords: activity; alloxan; blood; control; diabetes; diabetic; extract; glucose; media; plant; rats
• Phytochemical analysis, cytotoxic, antioxidant and anti-diabetic activities of the aerial parts of Sorghum halepense by Shah, Muhammad Abdur Rehman; Khan, Rahmat Ali; Ahmed, Mushtaq (2019) - The anti- oxidant characteristics of S. halepense methanolic extract and its different fractions were concentration- dependent. Hydrogen peroxide scavenging (H2O2) capacity Table I Phytochemical screening of S. halepense methanolic extract and its chloroform and aqueous fractions Crude methanolic extract and its fractions Phytochemical Tests Aqueous Methanol Chloroform n-Hexane Saponins Alkaline reagent test - - - - Flavonoids Ferric chlorides test + + - + Glycosides Fehling test + + + - steroids Millon’s test + + + - Reducing sugar Benedict’s test + + + - Tannins Ferric chloride test + + + - Gums Molish’s reagent test - - - - Table II %Lethality of brine shrimps caused by crude methanolic extract and its various fractions of S. halepense Concentration (µg/mL) %Lethality of crude methanolic extract and its fractions Methanolic extract Chloroform Aqueous n-Hexane Control 100 40.7 ± 1.3 30.6 ± 1.2 20.3 ± 1.5 10.2 ± 1.7 00 ± 00 250 50.8 ± 1.5 30.8 ± 1.1 30.9 ± 1.3 10.3 ± 1.6 00 ± 00 500 70.6 ± 1.7 50.4 ± 1.8 30.1 ± 1.5 30.7 ± 1.9 10.2 ± 1.1 1000 80.7 ± 1.3 60.3 ± 1.1 50.4 ± 1.6 40.6 ± 1.5 00 ± 00 Keywords: absorbance; activities; activity; antioxidant; chloroform; dpph; extract; fractions; halepense; methanolic; methanolic extract; phenolic; scavenging
• Ameliorative potential of Anacyclus pyrethrum extract in generalized seizures in rat: Possible cholinergic mediated mechanism by Bezza, Kenza; Gabbas, Zineb El; Laadraoui, Jawad; Laaradia, Mehdi Ait; Oufquir, Sara; Chait, Abderrahman (2019) - The high-performance liquid chromatography (Knauer) equipped with a pump (K-1001) and a PDA detector (200-700 UV-Vis) was used to separate and characterize compounds present in A. pyrethrum extract. In addition to anticonvul- sant studies, A. pyrethrum extract was also screened for its acute and subchronic toxicity; it did not produce any behavioral abnormalities or mortality. Keywords: activity; alkylamides; anticonvulsant; atropine; epilepsy; et al; ethanol; ethanol extract; extract; mice; pilocarpine; pyrethrum; seizures
• Antidepressant-like activity of hydroalcoholic extract of Agaricus blazei in stressed and unstressed mice by Haq, Israr ul; Aslam, Muhammad; Ahmed, Hammad; Sultana, Nuzhat (2019) - The immobility time in both unstressed and stressed mice was significantly decreased (from 166.6 ± 4.4 sec to 141.2 ± 3.0 sec in unstressed mice and 198.0 ± 3.1 sec to 148.0 ± 3.1 sec in stressed mice using tail suspension test) by treatment with A. blazei. The plasma nitrite levels of stressed mice were elevated to 23.2 ± 3.9 µg/mL when compared with the vehicle- treated unstressed mice having the levels of 17.0 ± 2.2 µg/mL. The plasma nitrite levels of the stressed mice treated with the extract at the dose of 273 mg/kg and 819 mg/kg were significantly reduced to 14.0 ± 2.2 µg/ mL and 7.0 ± 0.9 µg/mL respectively. Keywords: activity; antidepressant; blazei; effect; extract; group; mice; p.o.+; stress; test
• Antimicrobial activity of secondary metabolites produced by Aspergillus neobridgeri isolated from Pistacia lentiscus against multi-drug resistant bacteria by Sadrati, Nouari; Zerroug, Amina; Demirel, Rasime; Bakli, Sabrina; Harzallah, Daoud (2020) - Several studies have shown the ability of different species of endophytic fungi to inhibit pathogenic micro- organisms, for example; Aspergillus terreus and Asper- gillus tubingensis (Yadav et al., 2016), Diaporthe terebin- thifolii LGMF907 (de Medeiros et al., 2018), Phomopsis prunorum (Qu et al., 2020), P. griseofulvum TPL25 (Luo et al., 2015), Alternaria GFAV15 Endophytic fungi of the plant P. lentiscus are not yet studied for their antimicrobial activity. Keywords: acetate; activity; agar; antibacterial; antimicrobial; aspergillus; atcc; aureus; bacteria; bangladesh; endophytic; et al; ethyl; extract; fungi; fungus; gram; medium; metabolites; mic; pharmacol; plant; plr9
• LC-MS analysis, antioxidant and alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activities of Centaurea papposa extracts by Mawahib, Cheribet; Nabila, Zaabat; Nabila, Souilah; Chawki, Bensouici; Salah, Akkal (2019) - Analysis of results The results were given as 0.5 (μg/mL) which corresponding to concentration indicating 50% of absorbance intensity and results were compared with those of standards BHT and BHA. References Apak et al., 2004; Rubio et al., 2016 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2019; 14: 159-165 161 Results Identification and quantification of contents Following the LC-MS results, phenolic acid contents in C. papposa extracts were higher than their of flavonoid contents (Table I). LC-MS analysis revealed the presence of 21 compounds among which 13 were phenolic acids, 6 flavonoids, 1 phenolic aldehyde and 1 benzo- pyrone. Keywords: acetate; acid; activity; antioxidant; extract; glucosidase; ni ni; phenolic
• Anti-inflammatory effect of Actinia tenebrosa by Kumari, Komal Arvind; Dagha, Romil Champak; Gawali, Poonam Gautam; Jadhav, Bhaskar Laxman (2019) - The peptides from nematocyst of sea anemones are reported to show anti-inflammatory activity. Different species of sea anemone are reported to exhibit antitumor activity, anti-parasitic activity, antimicrobial activity (Thangaraj et al., 2011), analgesic activity (An- dreev et al., 2008), antiviral activity, anti-hypersensiti- vity activity (Driscoll et al., 1989), autoimmune activity (Diochot et al, 2004) and anti-inflammatory activity (Sintsova et al, 2015) from their nematocysts. Keywords: activity; anemone; sea; tenebrosa
• Anticonvulsant activity of novel Schiff bases of thiadiazole derivatives by Pandey, Ajit Kumar (2019) - Anticonvulsant activity of novel Schiff bases of thiadiazole derivatives. Anticonvulsant activity of novel Schiff bases of thiadiazole derivatives Sir, Heterocyclic compounds containing Schiff bases have been explored which played an important role in heterocyclic chemistry. Keywords: activity; compounds; thiadiazole; yes
• Antimicrobial assay of endophytic fungi from Rumex madaio and chemical study of strain R1 by Bai, Xuelian; Yu, Ronglu; Li, Mingzhu; Zhang, Huawei (2019) - In order to search more antimicrobial natural products for new drug discovery, bioassay and chemical investigation of endophytic strains from Rumex madaio were carried out. As part of an ongoing effort to characterize medicinal plant-derived endophytes and their functional metabolites (Zhang et al., 2012; Zhang et al., 2016), isolation of endophytic strains from R. madaio and evaluation of antimicrobial effects of their culture extracts were carried out in this study as well as chemical investigation. Keywords: activity; antimicrobial; aureus; compounds; et al; fungi; strains; zhang
• Zaleya decandra exerts anti-cancer activity in HCT-116 cancer cells by impairing mitochondrial activity by Deivasigamani, Malarvizhi; Chandrasekar, Ajay Kasivishwanathan; Muthusami, Sridhar; Kanniappan, Gopalakrishnan Velliyur; Lakshmanan, Hariprasath (2019) - The increase in the generation of ROS in Z. decandra treated cells indicate that the phytoconstituents present in the extract alone or in combination could have targeted NAPDH oxidase while exerting anti-proliferative effects. D C F Fl uo re sc en ce (% o f c on tro l) 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 Figure 3: Permeability in Z. decandra-treated cells (B) when compared with control cells (A) using rhodamine-123 dye Control 100 µg/mL § A B C A B Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2019; 14: 174-180 177 find out the cellular mechanisms behind the increased ROS levels in Z. decandra treated cells. Keywords: activity; cancer; cells; decandra; extract; generation; hct-116; mtt; ros; step
• In vitro antiviral activity of BanLec against herpes simplex viruses type 1 and 2 by Mahaboob Batcha, Arisha Taj; Wadhwani, Ashish; Subramaniam, Gowri (2020) - Discussion From the current findings, the BanLec inhibits the HSV replication of virus infected cells by evaluating the cytopathogenic effect. The least concentration of lectin causes visible agglutination in blood cells A and B are 0.4 µg/mL followed by the least concentration of agglutination in group AB and O are 0.8 µg/mL and 1.6 µg/mL respectively. Keywords: activity; antiviral; assay; banlec; cell; concentration; effect; hsv-1; inhibition; lectin; vero; virus
• Antimicrobial activities of Allium staticiforme and Allium subhirsutum by Semerci, Alican Bahadir; İnceçayır, Dilek; Mammadova, Vusale; Hoş, Ayşegül; Tunç, Kenan (2020) - Discrepancies in extract activities might be attributed to the joint influences of both genetic factors as well as the growing conditions. Recent studies on several plants such as Duranta erecta (Donkor et al., 2019), Frankenia hirsute (Canli et al., 2017), Pinus coulteri (Merah et al., 2018), Syzygium cumini (Oliveira et al., 2007), Plectranthus glandulosis (Egwaikhide et al., 2007), Warburgia ugandensis (Okello and Kang, 2019) show antimicrobial activities. Keywords: activities; activity; allium; bulb; extract; staticiforme; subhirsutum
• Antidepressant activity of Citrus limetta leaves in mice using battery of behavior models modulating via serotonergic systems  by Kaur, Jaspreet; Bhatia, Manisha; Nain, Parminder (2019) - Abstract The methanolic extract of Citrus limetta leaves was estimated in the present study for antidepressant activity. Antidepressant activity of Citrus limetta leaves in mice using battery of behavior models modulating via serotonergic systems Jaspreet Kaur, Manisha Bhatia and Parminder Nain M. M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala (Haryana) 133207, India. Keywords: activity; antidepressant; citrus; extract; immobility; limetta; mice; min; test
• Larvicidal, leishmanicidal, insecticidal and anthelmintic effects of Sterculia diversifolia stem bark and leaf by Rabbi, Fazle; Zada, Amir; Nisar, Amna (2020) - Insecticidal activity The crude methanolic extracts (stem bark and leaf) and their various fractions were studied for insecticidal activity against Tribolium castaneum, Rhyzopertha domi- nica and Callosobruchus analis. Insecticidal activity The insecticidal activity of crude methanolic extract and its fractions were studied against R. dominica, T. casta- neum and C. analis. Keywords: activity; bark; ethyl; extract; fraction; insecticidal; leaf; methanolic; stem; stem bark
• In vitro antibacterial activity of Dracaena victoria leaf extract by Sundar, Ranjitha Dhevi V.; Srikanth, Lavanya; Manognya, P Swethana; Yuvaraja, Sreenidhi; Arunachalam, Sathiavelu (2019) - In vitro antibacterial activity of Dracaena victoria leaf extract. Mahalingam R, Bharathidasan R, Ambikapathy V, Panneerselvam A. Studies on antibacterial activity of some medicinal plant against human pathogenic microorganism. Keywords: activity; dracaena; ethyl; extract
• Anti-diabetic activity of Iphiona aucheri leaf extract by Shah, Muhammad Abdur Rehman; Khan, Rahmat Ali; Ahmed, Mushtaq (2020) - Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Research Article Anti-diabetic activity of Iphiona aucheri leaf extract BJP Introduction The common problems in diabetes mellitus include the occurrence of hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceri- demia and low serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in diabetics as compared to normal individuals (Schofield et al., 2016, Vijayaraghavan, 2010). Anti-diabetic activities of several plants like Eclipta alba (Ananthi et al., 2003), Artemisia vulgaris (Daradka et al., 2014), Glossocardia bosvallea (Chethan et al., 2014), Wedelia chinesis (Senthilkumar et al., 2008), Wedelia trilobata (Gallé et al., 2014) Keywords: activities; activity; alloxan; antioxidant; aucheri; chloroform; control; diabetes; diabetic; et al; extract; fractions; leaves; methanolic; methanolic extract; phenolic; rats; scavenging; serum; test; total
• Anti-inflammatory and antifungal activity of Dracaena victoria leaf extract by Sundar, Ranjitha Dhevi V.; Arunachalam, Sathiavelu (2020) - From the genus Dracaena, Draceana angustifolia Roxb. was reported to have anti-inflammatory activity. Compared to petroleum ether extract, ethyl acetate showed maximum activity. Keywords: acetate; activity; ether; ethyl; petroleum
• Hepatoprotective effect of Misopates orontium in rats by Akbar, Shehla; Ishtiaq, Saiqa (2020) - Treatment with M. orontium extracts normalized the elevated levels of serum enzymes is a clear manifesta- tion of its hepatoprotective effect. This activity helped us to check the toxic effect of plant extract on the mechanical strength of the cell membrane. Keywords: acetate; activity; dna; ethyl; extract; group; hepatoprotective; lane; paracetamol; study
• Antibacterial activity of Dracaena colorama by Sundar, Ranjitha Dhevi V.; Arunachalam, Sathiavelu (2020) - The present study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of D. colorama leaf extracts against microbial pathogens. Antibacterial activity of Dracaena colo- rama Sir, The antibacterial effect of Dracaena cinnabari (Altwair and Edrah, 2015), D. mahatma (Saranya et al., 2018), D. marginata (Shiny et al., 2012), D. spicata (Nazneen, 2013) and D. victoria (Sundar et al., 2019) have been described. Keywords: activity; bangladesh; extract
• Antibacterial and antifungal properties of the methanol extract from the stem of Argyreia argentea by Rahman, Md. Atiar; Ahsan, Taslima; Islam, Saiful (2010) - This results indicate that A. argentea stem extract has promising antibacterial activity. In the assay of antifungal activity (Table II), A. argentea stem extract inhibited the mycelia growth of Aspergillus flavous, Fusarium equiseti (Figure 2B), Altenaria alternate (Figure 2A) and Colletotrichum corphori with the %inhibition of 44.4, 66.7, 44.4 and 75.6%, respectively, whereas no inhibition was observed against Aspergillus niger (Figure 2C) and Aspergillus fumigates. Keywords: activity; argentea; bangladesh; extract; gram; inhibition
• Larvicidal activity of Cestrum nocturnum on Aedes aegypti by Jawale, Chetan; Kirdak, Rambhau; Dama, Laxmikant (2010) - Larvicidal activity of Oestrum nocturnum on Aedes aegypti Chetan Jawale1, Rambhau Kirdak2 and Laxmikant Dama3 1Department of Zoology, HPT Arts & RYK Science College, Nashik 422005, Maharashtra; 2Directorate of Higher Education, Pune, Maharashtra; 3Department of Zoology D.B.F. Dayanand College of Arts and Science, Solapur 413004, Maharashtra, India. This extract was further fractioned and the fractions obtained (CNM1-CNM6) were tested for larvicidal activity. Keywords: activity; extract; larvicidal; nocturnum
• Antimicrobial activity of volatile compounds produced by endophytic fungi associated with Ocimum sanctum by Mat Jalil, Mohd Taufiq; Ibrahim, Darah (2020) - Antimicrobial activity of volatile compounds produced by endophytic fungi associated with Ocimum sanctum Sir, Endophytic fungi are known as biosynthesizers inside their host plants (Owen and Hundley, 2004). Muscodor spp. is one of a well-known fungus that able to produce volatile antimicrobial compounds. Keywords: activity; compounds; fungi; ibrl; test
• Wound healing properties of the protein kinase A inhibitor and the mechanisms of their development by Zyuz`kov, Gleb N.; Miroshnichenko, Larisa A.; Polyakova, Tatyana Yu; Stavrova, Larisa A.; Simanina, Elena V. (2021) - Secretion of growth factors by stromal wound cells The experiments did not detect changes in the secretion of growth factors by stromal cells obtained from the surface of the wound. They are based on the activation of mesenchymal progenitor cells. Keywords: activity; cells; control; day; et al; growth; healing; inhibitor; kinase; mesenchymal; progenitors; protein; skin; wound
• Two isomeric compounds from Streptomyces species and their antimicrobial activity by Sathi, Zakia Sultana; Habib, Md. Anwar; Anisuzzaman, Abu Syed Md.; Islam, Md. Anwarul (2010) - Antimicrobial screening Antimicrobial compound I and II (25 and 50 qg per disc, respectively) were determined against four Gram posi- tive and five Gram negative bacteria, and four patho- genic fungus by standard disc diffusion method (Masako et al., 2004; Bauer et al., 1996). The compounds seem to be first report of isomeric compound from Streptomyces species having antimicrobial activity. Keywords: activity; carbon; compound; group; methyl; proton; signals
• Antibacterial activity of an ornamental plant Hippeastrum fosteri by Segaran, Gayathri; Sathiavelu, Mythili (2021) - Antibacterial activity of an ornamental plant Hippeastrum fosteri Sir, The genera Hippeastrum Herb. is native to South American and belongs to the family Amaryllidaceae with about 60 species. The ethyl acetate extract of H. fosteri leaves showed antibacterial activity (Figure 1). Keywords: activity; extracts; fosteri; hippeastrum
• Antimicrobial peptides from the hemolymph of the prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii by Ravichandran, Samuthirapandian; Jeyalakshmi, Singaram; Sudha, Sathasivam; Anbuchezhian, Ramasamy (2010) - Determination of antimicrobial activity The susceptibilities to antimicrobials were determined according to the technique of Bauer et al. (1966). Plasma, the haemocyte separated hemolymph was also analysed for antimicrobial activity. Keywords: + +; activity; antimicrobial; female; hemocytes; hemolymph; peptides; plasma; shrimp
• Antibacterial activity of Dracaena lisa by Shankar, Saranya; Sathiavelu, Mythili (2021) - Shankar S, Settu S, Segaran S, Sundar RDV, Ravi L, Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2021; 16: 84-86 85 Table I Antibacterial properties of Dracaena lisa leaf extracts using agar well diffusion method Extract Concentration (µg/mL) Zone of inhibition (mm) S. aureus P. fluorescence B. subtilis K. pneumonia E. fecalis E. coli Methanol 25 - - 11 - - 50 - 5 14 - - - 100 7 8 16 9 - 7 Ethyl acetate 25 16 - 7 - - 8 50 17 - 13 12 11 15 100 19 - 28 17 14 25 Dichloromethane 25 - - 12 11 10 - 50 - - 20 13 11 10 100 - 10 24 15 14 12 Standard (ciprofloxacin in mg) 10 32 28 43 33 35 32 Phytochemical constituents of Dracaena mahatma leaves and their anti-bacterial, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory significance. Antibacterial activity of Dracaena lisa Sir, Dracaena is a genus of about 120 species that belongs to the family Asparagaceae and subfamily Nolinoideae. Keywords: activity; extract; leaf
• Antibacterial activity of Cathormion umbellatum by Rattanasuk, Surachai; Boongapim, Rujirek; Phiwthong, Tannatorn (2021) - Evaluation of antibacterial activity of honey against multidrug resistant bacteria in Ayder Referral and Teaching Hospital, Northern Ethiopia. The antibacterial activity of C. umbellatum extract was primary determined using disc diffusion assay (Boon- gapim et al., 2021; Malaka et al., 2018). Keywords: activity; bacteria; extracts; methanol; umbellatum
• Effect of Abutilon indicum in thyroxine-induced hyperthyroidism in rat by Jabeen, Qaiser; Khan, Muhammad Sohaib; Qureshi, Abdul Wahid; Rasheed, Hafiz Muhammad Farhan (2021) - The majority of iso- lated compounds, identified in A. indicum extract, were alkaloids, fatty acids, flavonoids, sterols and phenols. Tripathi P, Chauhan N, Patel J. Anti-inflammatory activity of Abutilon indicum extract. Keywords: abutilon; acid; activity; antioxidant; crude; day; et al; extract; hyperthyroidism; indicum; levels; p.o; thyroid; thyroxine
• Antibacterial activity of Alternanthera versicolor by Segaran, Gayathri; Sathiavelu, Mythili (2021) - Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2021; 16: 114-116 115 Table I Antibacterial properties of A. versicolor leaf extracts using agar well diffusion method Extract Concentration (µg/mL) Zone of inhibition (mm) Bacillus subtilis Listeria monocytogenes Staphylococcus aureus Escherichia coli Klebsiella pneumoniae Methanol 25 11 10 25 - - 50 13 18 28 - 100 17 21 32 16 Ethyl acetate 25 14 14 14 - - 50 16 14 15 14 11 100 17 16 18 16 12 Dichloromethane 25 - 12 10 - - 50 18 12 11 100 25 15 15 Standard (ciprofloxacin in mg) 10 36 30 40 40 27 Figure 1: Antibacterial activity of ethyl acetate extract of A. versicolor leaves. Using sterile cork borer, wells were made on the agar plate and loaded with 100 µL of plant extracts of different concentrations (25, 50, 100 µg/mL). Keywords: activity; alternanthera; extracts
• Effect of Indigofera tinctoria on β-amyloid (25-35) mediated Alzheimer's disease in mice: Relationship to antioxidant activity by Balamurugan, G.; Muralidharan, P. (2010) - Accepted: 30 July 2010 Available Online: 29 August 2010 DOI: 10.3329/bjp.v5i1.5644 Cite this article: Balamurugan G, Muralidharan P. Effect of Indigofera tinctoria on β- amyloid (25-35) mediated Alzhei- mer’s disease in mice: Relationship to anti-oxidant activity. KD-501, a standardized extract of Scrophularia buergeriana has both cognitive enhancing and anti-oxidant activities in mice given scopolamine. Keywords: activity; alzheimer; amyloid; brain; disease; extract; glutathione; group; indigofera; methanol; tinctoria; treatment
• Pharmacological activities and volatile organic compounds from the endophytic bacteria from the leaves of Rhizophora apiculata by Dat, Ton That Huu; Oanh, Phung Thi Thuy (2021) - Antimicrobial activity of the extracts was determined by the microdilution (Dat et al., 2021), antioxidant and α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities were determined using the protocol described elsewhere (Dat and Oanh, 2021), and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity was determined using the protocol described elsewhere (Nguyen et al., 2004). For example, 4 extracts exhibited antimicrobial activity against 3 reference microorganisms and two extracts against 2 reference microorganisms. Keywords: activity; desktop; extracts; file:///c:/users
• Hepatoprotective and anti-oxidant effect of Carissa spinarum root extract against CCl4 and paracetamol-induced hepatic damage in rats by Hegde, Karunakar; Joshi, Arun B. (2010) - SALP (U/L) Uric acid (mg/dL) Total protein (mg/dL) Total bilirubin (mg/dL) I (Vehicle control) 5 mL A 69.1 ± 2.3 58.1 ± 1.9 71.4 ± 1.6 2.8 ± 0.9 7.0 ± 0.4 1.1 ± 0.1 B 76.2 ± 3.1 64.0 ± 1.9 69.5 ± 1.1 2.9 ± 0.5 6.8 ± 0.3 1.0 ± 0.2 II (CCh/ PCM con- trol) 0.7 mL A 181.5 ± 2.7a 139.3 ± 3.1a 121.9 ± 3.0a 1.3 ± 0.2a 5.1 ± 0.2a 2.3 ± 0.3a B 186.3 ± 3.9a 141.2 ± 3.2a 129.0 ± 2.6a 1.3 ± 0.3a 5.1 ± 0.2a 2.2 ± 0.2a III (CCh/ PCM + Si- lymarin) 25 mg A 74.5 ± 1.9c 67.3 ± 2.0c 79.2 ± 1.0c 2.5 ± 0.8c 6.9 ± 0.4c 1.2 ± 0.2c A 144.9 ± 3.2c 128.1 ± 1.7b 100.9 ± 2.1c 1.9 ± 0.8§ 5.2 ± 0.3§ 2.1 ± 0.4§ B 151.6 ± 3.2c 118.3 ± 2.2c 110.5 ± 2.2c 2.0 ± 0.5b 5.7 ± 0.2b 2.1 ± 0.2§ V (CCl4/ PCM + ex- tract) 200 mg A 106.9 ± 4.0c 90.1 ± 1.3c 94.3 ± 2.6c 2.2 ± 0.5c 6.0 ± 0.2c 1.7 ± 0.16c B 121.6 ± 4.2c 99.3 ± 2.0c 101.1 ± 2.1c 2.2 ± 0.6c 6.1 ± 0.2c 1.7 ± 0.2c VI (CCb/ PCM + extract) Keywords: activity; ccl4; extract; hepatoprotective; pcm; weight
• Anti-MRSA activity of Pollianthes tuberosa leaf extracts by Sundar, Ranjitha Dhevi V.; Arunachalam, Sathiavelu (2022) - Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Volume: 17; Number 1; Year 2022 Cite this article as: Sundar RDV, Arunachalam S. Anti-MRSA activity of Pollianthes tuberosa leaf extracts. Plants with medicinal properties have been studied in different parts of the world as a cure for numerous ailments (Ravi et al., 2020). Keywords: activity; aureus; extracts
• Synthesis, in silico analysis and antidepressant activity of 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives by Gatphoh, Banylla Felicity Dkhar ; Naval Aggarwal, Natasha ; Kumar, S. Madan ; Kumar, M. Vijay ; Revanasiddappa, B. C. (2022) - Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Research Article Synthesis, in silico analysis and antidepressant activity of 1,3,4- oxadiazole derivatives BJP Introduction 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles are an important class of compounds in medicinal chemistry because of their interesting diversified biological applications (Arshad et al., 2014). Synthesis, in silico analysis and antidepressant activity of 1,3,4- oxadiazole derivatives Banylla Felicity Dkhar Gatphoh1, Natasha Naval Aggarwal1, S. Madan Kumar1, M. Vijay Kumar2 and B. C. Revanasiddappa1 1Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Nitte - Deemed to be University, Paneer, Deralakatte, Bangalore 575018, Karnataka, India; 2 Institue of Excellence, Vijnana Bhavan, University of Mysore, Mysuru 570006, Karnataka, India. Keywords: activity; antidepressant; bangladesh; compounds; derivatives; mice; oxadiazole; synthesis; test
• Anti-inflammatory activity of Memecylon malabaricum by Gaikwad, Ravindra; Nadaf, Sameer; Shinde, Anilkumar (2022) - Anti-inflammatory activity of Memecylon malabari- cum. Anti-inflammatory activity of Memecylon malabaricum Sir, Recently, herbal medicines have received attention because of their ease of availability, minimum severe adverse effects, and safer treatment of ample illnesses. Keywords: activity; bangladesh; extract; leaves; malabaricum
• Phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of Peganum harmala by Liu, Chengling; Gao, Jiayu; Liang, Ying (2022) - Harmine can inhibit the growth of various types of cancer cells, such as gastric cancer (Li et al., 2017), lung cancer (Shen et Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2022; 17: 124-140 125 al., 2018), melanoma (Hamsa and Kuttan, 2011a & b), colon cancer (Liu et al., 2016), leukemia (Wang et al., 2015b) and cervical cancer cells (Ayoob et al., 2017). The anti-cancer mechanisms of harmine may contribute to the induced apoptotic and autophagic death of cancer cells through the reduced expression of both p-Akt/Akt and p-mTOR/mTOR and the enhanced phosphoryla- tion of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (Li et al., 2017; Liu et al., 2016). Keywords: activities; activity; alkaloids; anti; bangladesh; cancer; candida; carboline; cell; coli; effects; et al; extract; harmala; harmaline; harmine; ic50; inhibition; liu; liu et; mice; ml escherichia; p. harmala; peganum; pharmacol; protein; seeds; virus; wang; wang et; zhang
• Effect of endophytic fungi Daldinia eschscholtzii against multidrug resistant pathogens by V. Sundar, Ranjitha Dhevi; Arunachalam, Sathiavelu (2023) - Antibacterial activities of endophytic fungi isolated from six Sri Lankan plants of the family Cyperaceae. Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Research Article Effect of endophytic fungi Daldinia eschscholtzii against multidrug resistant pathogens BJP Introduction Natural products are most likely to afford a wide range of difficult-to-synthesize structures, making them the prospective sources of novel antibiotic classes (Bate et al., 2020). Keywords: acetate; activity; atcc; bangladesh; endophytic; eschscholtzii; ethyl; extract; fungi; pharmacol
• Antibacterial activity of Calathea insignis by Shankar, Saranya; Ravi, Narmadha Devi ; Sathiavelu, Mythili (2023) - By using a sterile cork borer, wells were made in the agar plates and loaded with 100 µL of leaf extract at different concentrations (100, 50, Sethi S, Khanna S, Khan A, Hatti N. Evaluation of antimicro- bial and antioxidant activity of leaf extracts of medicinal plants. Keywords: activity; extracts; leaf; plant
• Antibacterial activity of Calathea anulque by Segaran, Gayathri; Srinivasan, Chitashalini; Sathiavelu, Mythili (2023) - About 5 mL of distilled water was added to the test tube containing plant extract, and the contents were vigorously shaken. The growth of Corynebacterium diphtheriae and S. aureus was inhibited by methanolic extracts of ornamental plants such as Dieffenbachia spp. Keywords: activity; anulque; extracts
• Analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Astragalus ibrahimianus by Aitbaba, Abdelfatah; Sokar, Zahra; Chait, Abderrahman (2023) - A literature search on free radical scavenging in A. ibrahimianus has not been reported elsewhere, but previous studies on different Astragalus species have reported significant antioxidant activity from these plants (Butkutė et al., 2018; Teyeb et al., 2012). The study aimed to investigate whether the hydroalco- holic extract of the aerial part of A. ibrahimianus, which has never been investigated, possesses potential biological activities. Keywords: acid; activity; antioxidant; astragalus; control; edema; extract; ibrahimianus; min; paw; test
• Anti-diabetic effect of Daldinia eschscholtzii and Phomopsis mangiferae isolated from Bryophyllum pinnatum by Settu, Sugashini; Arunachalam, Sathiavelu (2023) - These findings on anti-diabetic activity of known and unknown species of endophytic fungi are in agreement with the previous study reports. These finding provides evidence that D. eschscholtzii and P. mangiferae are potent endophytic fungi having anti-diabetic activity. Keywords: acetate; activity; antioxidant; cell; crude; endophytic; eschscholtzii; et al; ethyl; extracts; fungal; fungi; glucose; inhibition; pinnatum; uptake; yeast
• Hepatoprotective effect of Garcinia xanthochymus and Garcinia lanceifolia against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic damage in rat by Gogoi, Nabajyoti; Gogoi, Ankur; Neog, Bijoy; Singh, Khumanthem Deepak (2023) - The histopathological observation confir- med that G. xanthocymus rind extract was more potent than G. lanceifolia extract towards the liver protection damage by carbon tetrachloride (Figure 2D-G). Hepatoprotective activity of Terminlia arjuna leaf against paracetamol induced liver damage in rats. Keywords: activity; carbon; extract; garcinia; group; hepatoprotective; liver
• In vitro H1-receptor antagonist activity of methanolic extract of tuber of Stephania glabra by Khan, Nisar Ahmad; Kumar, Dinesh; Bhat, Zulfiqar Ali; Kumar, Vijender; Nagpal, Navneet; Bhujbal, Santosh S. (2011) - %Contraction of isolated guinea pig ileum None Methanol extract (100 µg/mL) The stimulation of H1-receptors produces graded dose-related contraction of isolated guinea pig ileum. Keywords: activity; extract; goat; guinea; histamine; pig
• Effect of Cuminum cyminum and Rhus pentaphylla extracts on status epilepticus induced by intrahippocampal injection of kainic acid in rat by Oubella, Khadija ; Benrazzouk, Karima ; Bagri, Abdellah ; Chait, Abderrahman (2023) - Table II IC50 (µg/mL) values DPPH FRAP Cuminum cyminum 180.4 ± 0.3 252.0 ± 0.3 Rhus pentaphylla 21.1 ± 0.9 106.1 ± 0.3 Butylatedhydroxytoluene 3.8 ± 0.1 1.0 ± 0.0 Quercetin 1.3 ± 0.0 1.5 ± 0.0 Tonic extension phase Tonic flexion phase Clonic flexion phase Kainic acid (µg/L) 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Cc (mg/kg) 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 Rp (mg/kg) 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 Figure 1: Different phases of tonico-clonic seizures caused by administration of kainic acid (upper row); Effect of oral pretreat- ment with total extract of C. cyminum (Cc) (300 mg / kg) and R. pentaphylla (300 mg / kg) on the score of seizures induced by in- trahippocampal kainic acid injection (lower row). Results Yield of plant extracts C. cyminum extract yielded 26.8% whereas R. pentaphylla yielded 22%. Keywords: acid; activity; antioxidant; cyminum; effects; et al; extract; flavonoids; kainic; pentaphylla; seizures
• Anti-angiogenic activity of Centrosema molle leaf aqueous extract by Maher, Rawan A. ; Alombro, Nancy C.; de Vera, Peter Jan D. (2023) - Results showed that all the concentrations of C. molle leaf aqueous extract except 50 µg/mL were able to inhibit the branching points of blood vessels in CAM during the experiment (Figure 1). Some medicinal plant species of Asamagbe stream bank vegetation, forestry Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2023; 18: 116-118 117 Figure 1: Anti-angiogenic effects of different C. molle leaf aqueous extract using CAM assay (n = 63) Keywords: activity; cam; extract; leaf; molle
• Phytochemicals and therapeutic potentials of Barleria lupulina by Sawarkar, Hemant Arunrao; Pandey, Ajit Kumar ; Biyani, Kailas R. (2023) - [36], verbascoside [37] Kim et al., 2016 Ethyl acetate soluble fraction of aqueous extracts followed by preparative HPLC; LC-MS of extract, 1H and 13C NMR, HRESI- MS, IR and comparative study for known compounds Aerial part 4-Ethyl catechols, 4-methyl catechols, 4-vinyl catechol Senger et al., 2016 Hot aqueous extract; LC-MS Leaf Lavandulifolioside, cistanoside C, tubuloside B, betony- oside A Suhaimy et al., 2021 Microwave assisted extraction with ethanol (varying concentra- tion); UHPLC-QTOF/MS 124 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2023; 18: 119-129 Table II Iridoids from Barleria lupulina Thus, B. lupulina plant as such can be termed to be containing abundance of glycosidal constituents. Keywords: acetyl; activity; anti; barleria; compounds; ester; et al; extract; iridoid; lupulina; methanol; methyl; methyl ester; plant; shanziside; shanziside methyl; study
• Antibacterial activity of Calathea roseopicta by Segaran, Gayathri; Charles, Hannahcharlet; Sathiavelu, Mythili (2023) - Antibacterial activity of Calathea roseopicta Sir, Calathea roseopicta, also known as the rose-painted calathea, is a member of the Marantaceae plant family and is native to northwest Brazil. This is the first investigation into the phytochemical content and antibacterial activity of C. roseopicta leaves. Keywords: activity; extracts; roseopicta
• Synthesis, characterization, antimicrobial activity, and in silico assessment of a novel pyrazoline carboxamide heterocyclic compound by Boudou, Farouk; Sehmi, Abdelghani ; Belakredar, Amal; Zaoui, Oussama (2023) - The subsequent step involved the synthesis of pyrazoline carboxamide deri- vative. 154 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2023; 18: 152-161 http://www.rcsb.org http://imods.chaconlab.org Antimicrobial activity The results showed varying degrees of inhibition against the tested microorganisms at different concen- trations of pyrazoline carboxamide (Table I). Keywords: activity; analysis; bangladesh; carboxamide; compound; drug; figure; inhibition; mol; pharmacol; potential; protein; pyrazoline; pyrazoline carboxamide; residues; synthesis
• Anti-diabetic activity of Calathea anulque by Shankar, Saranya; Srinivasan, Chitrashalini ; Sathiavelu, Mythili (2024) - Anti-diabetic activity of Calathea anulque Sir, Calathea anulque is commonly known as the rattlesnake plant and originates from the tropical rainforests of South America. One of the plant genera, C. panamensis, exhibits potential anti-diabetic activity using the glucose 6- phosphatase assay and significant anti-radical activity using the DPPH trapping technique (Rodríguez et al., 2008). Keywords: activity; antioxidant; anulque; extracts
• Synthesis, molecular modeling, anti-cancer and COX-1/2 inhibitory activities of novel thiazolidinones containing benzothiazole core by Kulabas, Necla; Tamniku Guven, Cansu; Duracık, Merve; Bingol Ozakpınar, Ozlem; Kucukguzel, İlkay (2024) - Although it has been reported in many studies that this reaction occurs in the presence of sodium acetate/acetic acid (Jung et al., 2011; Rashid et al., 2014), the sodium methoxide/methanol medium was prefer- red as reported in previous studies (Küçükgüzel et al., 2013; Çakır et al., 2015; Türe et al., 2021). The assay was conducted in duplicate and statistical analysis was carried out using GraphPad Prism 6.1 Software (Kulabaş et al., 2023). Keywords: activity; arh; benzothiazole; binding; cancer; chem; compounds; cox-2; derivatives; enzyme; et al; med; nmr; ppm; ring; studies; synthesis; thiazolidin-4; thiazolidinone
• Anti-migration activity of four components from dried fruit of Forsythia suspensa by Wang, Wanrong; He, Zongmao; Bao, Jiaolin (2024) - When evaluating the anti-migration activity of a drug in vitro, the ideal condition would be that its dose would only inhibit the migration of cancer cells, with no effect on growth inhibition. A, forsythoside I, forsythoside H, and iso- forsythiaside significantly suppressed migration of cancer cells by 13.2, 4.5, 13.2, and 20.0% at the concen- tration of 20 µg/mL, respectively (Figure 3A,B). Keywords: activity; cancer; cells; forsythoside; migration; suspensa
• Antibacterial effect of Dracaena indivisa leaf extracts by Sundar, Ranjitha Dhevi V.; Arunachalam, Sathiavelu (2024) - The minimum inhibitory concentration of the extracts 104 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2024; 19: 103-105 Figure 1: GC-MS analysis of D. indivisa chloroform extract ranged between 3.12-1.56 µg/mL for chloroform crude extract (Table I). The antibacterial effect of Dracaena plant species such as D. colorama (Sundar et al., 2020), D. victoria (Sundar et al., 2020), D. mahatma (Saranya et al., 2018) and D. marginata (Shiny et al., 2012) have been reported. Keywords: activity; bangladesh; extracts
• Design synthesis and biological evaluation of 2-methylphenyl semicarbazone derivatives by Singhal, Manmohan; Paul, Arindam; Singh, Hemendra Pratap (2011) - Methoxy substitution in the aldehydic moiety of chalcone also favors antipyretic activity. Conclusion Most of the synthesized compounds were potential lead for antipyretic activity. Keywords: activity; ch3; compounds; derivatives; synthesis
• Cytotoxic, apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory properties of Adenoon indicum leaf methanolic extract using HT29 cell lines by Patil, Ajit B.; Shinde, Anilkumar J. (2025) - At a lower dose of 10 μg/mL and the highest dose of 160 μg/mL, the plant extract showed 29.2% and 96.4% inhibition of cancer cells. Previous research has focused on related chemicals, such as β-sitosterol and stigmasterol, which have similar but unique effects on cancer cells. Keywords: activity; apoptosis; cancer; cells; extract; indicum; methanolic; potential
• Comparative study of antibacterial activity of wood-decay fungi and antibiotics by Iftekhar, A. F. Md. Hassan; Choudhry, Zubaida Khatoon; Khan, Md. Ismail; Saleh, Ahmed Abu (2011) - The response of microorganisms to mushroom extracts might vary depending upon the nature of environment in which it has been grown (Iwalokum et al., 2007). In this study not only the inhibitory effect but also sensitivity pattern of mushroom extract on two microorganisms S. aureus and E. coli was studied and compared with commonly used antibiotics cloxacillin, cephradine, azithromycin and ciprofloxacin. Keywords: activity; extracts; inhibition; mushroom
• Synthesis, characterization, and antibacterial activity of a novel hybrid material layered double hydroxide doped by diaminododecylphosphonic acid by Ikhou, Djamila; Boudou, Farouk; Ziani, Hanane; Kaid, M'hamed; Villemein, Didier (2025) - This underscores the versatility of LDHs in biomedical applications, particularly in drug delivery systems designed to improve treatment outcomes (Kim et al., 2014). The general formula for LDHs is given by: [ ²⁺₁₋ₓ ³⁺ₓ (OH)₂]ˣ⁺[Aⁿ⁻ˣ/ʸ·yH₂O]ˣ⁻ where M²⁺ and M³⁺ represent divalent and trivalent cations, respectively; Aⁿ⁻ is the intercalated anion; x is the charge density, defined as x = M³⁺/(M²⁺ + M³⁺); and y is the number of water molecules in the interlayer space (Chen et al., 2022). Keywords: acid; activity; analysis; binding; dadpha; energy; et al; figure; hydroxide; interactions; ldh; ligand; material; potential; protein; so4; stability; target
• Diabetic wound healing activity of Myrmecodia pendens ethyl acetate fraction by Falya, Yuniarti; Umar, Abd Kakhar; Suharyani, Ine; Anugra, Cindra Yulianto (2025) - These findings suggest that M. pendens hydrogel may aid diabetic wound healing through molecular path- way modulation. This study explores the potential of ethyl acetate fraction-based hydrogel of M pendens for diabetic wound healing, both in silico and in vivo. Keywords: acetate; acid; activity; compounds; concentration; day; diabetic; egfr; et al; ethyl; ethyl acetate; extract; fraction; group; healing; hydrogel; pendens; quercetin; wound; wound healing
• In vitro anti-cancer and antimicrobial activities of Abelmoschus esculentus root extracts by Desai, Akash; Yakub, Manure Md. Javeed Md.; Karade, Priti; Patil, Sudhir S. (2025) - Conclusion This study highlights the potential of A. esculentus Figure 1: Zone of inhibition of standard (500 µg/mL; clarithro- mycin) and extract (500 µg/mL) against H. pylori Table II Effects of carbopol against viscosity %Concentration pH Viscosity (cP) 1.0 6.80 585 1.5 6.45 1245 2.0 7.40 2375 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2025; 20: 16-21 19 extract in treating oral squamous cell carcinoma. Phenolics provide oxidative protection and support immune function, while triterpenoids actively interfere with cancer cell signaling and survival. Keywords: activity; cancer; cell; esculentus; extract; gel; inhibition; standard
• Carvacrol enhances the sensitıvity of cetuximab in lung cancer cells through inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest by Erdogan, Ayse; Koras, Rahime Aybike (2025) - The effects of cetuximab in combination with docetaxel for the acquired resistance to EGFR-TKI in non-small cell lung cancer cells. Abstract The intention of this work was to analyze that carvacrol could enhance cancer -inhibiting potency of cetuximab (monoclonal antibody) in lung cancer cells. Keywords: a-549; a-549 cells; activity; apoptosis; cancer; carcinoma; carvacrol; cells; cetuximab; combination; control; cycle; cyclin; effects; egfr; et al; expression; growth; h1299; h1299 cells; human; ic10; ldh; lines; lung; pharmacol; treatment
• CNS activity of the methanol extracts of Careya arborea in experimental animal model by Kumar, Ramanathan Sambath; Sundram, R Shanmuga; Sivakumar, P.; Nethaji, R.; Senthil, V.; Murthy, N. Venkateswara; Kanagasabi, R. (2008) - Table I Effect of methanol extract of Careya arborea on general behavioral profiles in mice Behavior type Diazepam Propylene glycol Extract (mg/kg) 50 100 200 (5 mg/kg) (5 mL/kg) Spontaneous activity + + + + + + + + + + – Alertness + + + + + + + + + – Awareness + + + + + + + + + – Sound response + + + + + + + + + + + – Touch response + + + + + + + + + + + + + – Pain response + + + + + + + + + + + – Righting reflex + + + + + + + + + + – Pinna reflex + + + + + + + + + + + + – Grip strength + + + + + + + + + + + + – –, no effect; +, slight depression; ++, moderate depression; +++, strong depression; ++++, very strong depression; n = 8 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2008; 3: 36-43 39 Effect on muscle relaxant activity In the traction test, the mice treated with methanol extract of C. arborea showed a significant failure in traction at all doses tested. Previous report from our laboratory showed hepatoprotective and anti-oxidant activity (Sambath Kumar et al., 2005a), antimicrobial and in vitro anti-oxidant activity (Sambath Kumar et al., 2006), anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity (Sam- bath Kumar et al., 2005b), anti-tumor and anti-oxidant activities of methanol extract of C. arborea (Sambath Kumar et al., 2008a) and N-nitrosodiethylamine-indu- ced hepatocarcinogenesis (Sambath Kumar, 2008b). Keywords: + +; activity; arborea; extract; methanol; methanol extract; mice; test
• In vitro free radical scavenging activity of Ixora coccinea L by Saha, Moni Rani; Alam, Md. Ashraful; Akter, Raushanara; Jahangir, Rumana (2008) - In DPPH radical scavenging assay the IC50 value of the extract was found to be 100.5 μg/mL while ascorbic acid had the IC50 value 58.9 μg/mL. Moreover, I. coccinea extract showed strong reducing power and total antioxidant capacity. Freshly prepared DPPH solution (0.004% w/v) was taken in test tubes and I. coccinea extracts was added followed by serial dilutions (1 to 500 μg) to every test tube so that the final volume was 3 mL and after 10 min, the absorbance was read at 515 nm using a spectrophotometer (HACH 4000 DU UV–visible spectrophotometer). Keywords: acid; activity; antioxidant; ascorbic; bangladesh; coccinea; extract; ixora; radical
• Studies on racemic triglycerides as urease enzyme inhibitors by Sheikh, Hamdullah Khadim; Arshad, Tanzila; Khan, Haroon; Habib, Uzma; Cristancho Ortiz, Cindy Juliet (2025) - The final score for ligands (10a(R), 10a(S), and thiourea was calculated by summing the product of each normalized molecular dynamics property static factor and its respective weight, separately for scoring function 1 (fluctuation of interaction) and scoring function 2 (strength of interaction) using the following equation: Score = ∑(normalized static factor x weight) (Eq. 3) To ensure comparability across a range of (static factors of) molecular dynamics properties with different mag- nitudes and units, Normalization was applied on a scale of 1-10, to each molecular dynamics property deri- ved static factor (supplementary Table S3). Keywords: 10a; 10a(r; acid; activity; analysis; compound; dynamics; function; inhibition; interaction; ligand; principal; scoring; thiourea; urease
• Antiprotozoal activities of Vincetoxicum stocksii and Carum copticum by Mansoor, Arsala; Ibrahim, Mohammad Ali; Zaidi, Mudassir Asrar; Ahmed, Moinuddin (2011) - Assay for in vitro antimalarial activity The plasmodial LDH activity is the bases for the determination of antimalarial activity. The hexane ethyl acetate fraction of C. copticum V. stocksi exhibited antileishmanial activity against, Leishmania donovani promastigotes with IC50 of 30 µg/mL and 51 g/mL, respectively. Keywords: activity; copticum; fraction; stocksii; vincetoxicum
• Phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity of leaf and callus extracts of Centella asiatica by Arumugam, Thangavel; Ayyanar, Muniappan; Pillai, Yesudason Justin Koil; Sekar, Thangavel (2011) - The leaves of C. asiatica were cut into required sizes and inoculated onto MS medium fortified with various concentrations of plant growth regulators to initiate the callus phase. Many of the plant species has been evaluated for antimicrobial properties but majority of them have not been systematically evaluated and a lot of attention is being derived to evaluate plant extracts as antibacterial agents against resistant plant pathogens. Keywords: acid; activity; antibacterial; asiatica; callus; centella; extracts; leaf; plant
• Antihepatotoxic effect of isolated chitin from Rhizopus oryzae against paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity by Ramanathan, Akila; Kittusamy, Ramya (2011) - 6: 64-67 %T 100 80 60 40 20 0 Wave number [cm-1] 4000 3000 2000 1000 400 Figure 1: IR Spectra of commercial chitin from Cochin fisheries, Cochin %T 100 80 60 40 20 0 Wave number [cm-1] 4000 3000 2000 1000 400 Figure 2: IR Spectra of isolated chitin from Rhizopus oryzae NCIM1009 oxidative damage caused to the liver (Zupanets et al., 1990; Antihepatotoxic effect of isolated chitin from Rhizopus oryzae against paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity Akila Ramanathan and Ramya Kittusamy Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Pharmacy, Sri Ramakrishna Institute of Paramedical Sciences, Coimbatore 641 044, Tamil Nadu, India. Keywords: activity; animals; chitin; fungal; liver; paracetamol
• Phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activity of extracts from leaves and stem of Ecbolium linneanum by Choudhury, Dipankar; Pathak, Arun K.; Sevanan, Murugan (2011) - The results revealed that leaf extracts were found to be more effective than stem extracts. The absorption peak at around 1049 cm-1 can be assigned as absorption peaks of the ether linkages or -C-O-C- or –C- 86 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2011; 6: 84-91 Table I Yield of plant extracts of E. linneanum in different solvents %Yield from plant powder (g) Solvents used Leaf Stem Ethanol 5.5 2.0 Acetone (80%) 4 3.5 Dichloromethane 2.9 0.9 Keywords: activity; bangladesh; extracts; leaf; leaves; linneanum; phytochemical; plant; stem
• Role of Prosopis cineraria against N-nitrosodiethylamine-induced liver tumor in rats with reference to marker enzymes and nucleic acid contents by Pakkir Maideen, Naina Mohamed; Velayutham, Ravichandiran; Manavalan, Gobinath (2012) - The activities of the marker enzymes (arylhydro- carbon hydroxylase, lactate dehydrogenase, -GTP and 5’-nucleotidase) in the liver of control and experimental animals were found to be a significant (p<0.001) rise in the enzyme activities in tumor bearing animals when compared with control (Table I). Tumor bearing animals showed a significantly incre- ased nucleic acid contents (DNA and RNA) in liver tissues (p<0.001; Figure 1). Keywords: acid; activity; animals; enzymes; extract; group; liver; marker; methanol; tumor
• In vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of leaves of Symplocos cochinchinensis (Lour) Moore ssp laurina by Vadivu, Rajendran; Lakshmi, K. S. (2008) - [� ,661������-����� In vitro and In vivo anti-inflammatory activity of leaves of Symplocos cochinchinensis (Lour) Moore ssp laurina 5DMHQGUDQ�9DGLYX��DQG�.�6��/DNVKPL� �'HSDUWPHQW�RI�3KDUPDFRJQRV\��0DGUDV�0HGLFDO�&ROOHJH��&KHQQDL�����,QGLD���6�5�0��&ROOHJH�RI�3KDUPDF\��&KHQ� QDL��7DPLOQDGX��,QGLD� $EVWUDFW The anti-inflammatory activities of different extracts of leaves Symplocos cochinchinensis Lour ssp laurina (Symplococaceae) were investigated for in vitro anti-inflammatory activity by human red blood cell membrane stabilization method. A voucher speci- men is deposited in the department for the $�-RXUQDO�RI�WKH�%DQJODGHVK�3KDUPDFRORJLFDO�6RFLHW\��%'36� %DQJODGHVK�-�3KDUPDFRO�������������-��� -RXUQDO�KRPHSDJH��ZZZ�EDQJODMRO�LQIR��ZZZ�EGMSKDUPDFRO�FRP $EVWUDFWHG�LQGH[HG�LQ $FDGHPLF�6HDUFK�&RPSOHWH� $JURIRUHVWU\�$EVWUDFWV��$VLD�-RXUQDOV�2QOLQH��%DQJODGHVK�-RXUQDOV�2QOLQH��%LRORJLFDO�$EVWUDFWV��%,2� 6,6�3UHYLHZV��&$%�$EVWUDFWV��&XUUHQW�$EVWUDFWV��'LUHFWRU\�RI�2SHQ�$FFHVV�-RXUQDOV��(0%$6(�([FHUSWD�0HGLFD��*RRJOH�6FKRODU��+,1$5,��:+2���,QWHUQD� WLRQDO�3KDUPDFHXWLFDO�$EVWUDFWV��2SHQ�--JDWH� 6FLHQFH�&LWDWLRQ�,QGH[�([SDQGHG��6&2386�DQG�6RFLDO�6FLHQFHV�&LWDWLRQ�,QGH Keywords: activity; anti; extract; membrane; vivo; � $evwudfwv; � ri; � wkh; � �
• Synergistic activity of methanolic extract of Thespesia populnea (malvaceae) flowers with oxytetracycline by Kumar, Arthanari Saravana; Venkateshwaran, K.; Vanitha, J.; Saravanan, V.S.; Ganesh, M.; Vasudevan, M.; Sivakumar, T. (2008) - The synergistic effect from the association of antibiotic with plant extracts against resistant bacteria leads to new choices for the treatment of infectious diseases. The results of the synergism study depicted that the protein synthesis inhibitors were those that presented stronger synergistic effect together with folic acid and bacterial cell wall synthesis inhibitors whereas inhibitors of the nucleic acid synthesis showed weak synergism with plant extracts. Keywords: activity; extract; methanolic; ncim; oxytetracycline; plant; populnea
• Antidiarrheal activity of aqueous leaf extract of Ceratotheca sesamoides in rats by Toyin, Yakubu M.; Khadijat, Opakunle F.; Saoban, Salimon S.; Olakunle, Ajiboye T.; Abraham, Bamisaye F.; Luqman, Quadri A. (2012) - Antidiarrhoeal activity of aqueous extract of Hermannia incana Cav. leaves in Wistar rats. 1991-0088 Antidiarrheal activity of aqueous leaf extract of Ceratotheca sesamoides in rats Yakubu M. Toyin1, Opakunle F. Khadijat1, Salimon S. Saoban1, Ajiboye T. Olakunle2, Bamisaye F. Abraham3 and Quadri A. Luqman1 1Phytomedicine, Toxicology and Reproductive Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Ilorin; 2Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical Sciences, Fountain University, Osogbo; 3Department of Biochemistry, Joseph Ayo Babalola University, Ikeji-Arakeji, Osun State, Nigeria. Keywords: activity; animals; antidiarrheal; body; diarrhea; extract; oil; rats; sesamoides; water; weight

• Anti-colon cancer activity of endophytic fungal strains from Terminalia chebula Rezt by Shoeb, Mohammad; Thoo-Lin, Paul Kong; Nahar, Nilufar (2012) - Cryopreservation of cancer cells CaCo-2, human colon cancer cell line was obtained from the European collection of cell cultures. Anti-colon cancer activity of endophytic fungal strains from Terminalia chebula Rezt Mohammad Shoeb1, Paul Kong Thoo-Lin2 and Nilufar Nahar1 1Department of Chemistry, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh; 2School of Pharmacy and Life Science, The Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen AB25, 1HG, UK. Keywords: bangladesh; cancer; cell; chebula; ir-6; strains
• Tubeimoside-1 inhibits growth via the induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human melanoma A375 cells by Rasul, Azhar; Song, Runmin; Wei, Wei; Nishino, Yoshikazu; Tsuji, Ichiro; Li, Xiaomeng; Li, Jiang (2012) - The results indicated that TBMS1 induced growth inhibition of A375 cells, in addition to other type of cancer cells previously reported including A549 lung cancer cells (Zhang et al., 2011), HeLa cervi- cal cancer cells (Xu et al., 2009), and nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE-2Z (Ma et al., 2008; Weng et al., 2003). Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that TBMS1 markedly induced apoptosis of A375 cells and arrested cell cycle at G2/M phase in a dose- dependent manner. Keywords: a375; a375 cells; apoptosis; bcl-2; cancer; cells; control; cycle; et al; human; melanoma; tbms1
• Maintenance therapy with oral etoposide following first-line docetaxel-cisplatin chemotherapy in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer patients by Fang, Meiyu; Wang, Shengye; Zheng, Yabing; Kong, Xiangmin; Gong, Liyan; Qiu, Youhao; Zhao, Yazhen; Mao, Weimin (2012) - Cisplatin and gemcitabine first-line chemotherapy followed by maintenance gemcitabine or best supportive care in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: A phase III trial. Treatment with docetaxel has been found to improve the long term survival of metastatic NSCLC patients; but the median survival is only about 4-5 months. Keywords: cancer; cell; chemotherapy; cisplatin; disease; etoposide; lung; maintenance; nsclc; patients; response; therapy; treatment
• Evodiamine induces apoptosis in pancreatic carcinoma PANC-1 cells via NF-κB inhibition by Khan, Muhammad; Qazi, Javed Iqbal; Rasul, Azhar; Zheng, Yongchen; Ma, Tonghui (2013) - Furthermore, gemci- tabine is reported to up-regulate nuclear factor-κB (NF- κB) in pancreatic cancer cells which is associated with the development of drug resistance (Ou et al., 2010). It is well established that NF-κB constitutively expressed in pancreatic cancer cells. Keywords: apoptosis; cancer; cells; evodiamine; panc-1; panc-1 cells; pancreatic; κbp65
• Effect of antisense oligodeoxynucleotide targeting survivin on growth of human gastric cancer cells by Xu, Lantao (2013) - The sequence of ASODN was 5’- CCCAGCCTTCCAGCTCC TTG-3’and that of N-ODN $�-RXUQDO�RI�WKH�%DQJODGHVK�3KDUPDFRORJLFDO�6RFLHW\��%'36� %DQJODGHVK�-�3KDUPDFRO������������-�� -RXUQDO�KRPHSDJH��ZZZ�EDQJODMRO�LQIR��ZZZ�EGMSKDUPDFRO�FRP $EVWUDFWHG�LQGH[HG� LQ $FDGHPLF� 6HDUFK� &RPSOHWH� $JURIRUHVWU\� $EVWUDFWV�� $VLD� -RXUQDOV� 2QOLQH�� %DQJODGHVK� -RXUQDOV� 2QOLQH�� %LRORJLFDO� $EVWUDFWV�� %,26,6� 3UHYLHZV�� &$%� $EVWUDFWV�� &XUUHQW� $EVWUDFWV�� 'LUHFWRU\� RI� 2SHQ� $FFHVV� -RXUQDOV�� (0%$6(�([FHUSWD� 0HGLFD�� *RRJOH� 6FKRODU�� +,1$5,� �:+2��� ,QWHUQDWLRQDO�3KDUPDFHXWLFDO�$EVWUDFWV��2SHQ�--JDWH� 6FLHQFH�&LWDWLRQ�,QGH[�([SDQGHG��6&2386�DQG�6RFLDO�6FLHQFHV�&LWDWLRQ�,QGH[� ,661������-����� Effect of antisense oligodeoxynucleotide targeting survivin on growth of human gastric cancer cells /DQWDR�;X 'HSDUWPHQW�RI�*DVWURHQWHURORJ\��)HQJ[LDQ�'LVWULFW�&HQWUDO�+RVSLWDO��6KDQJKDL���������&KLQD� $EVWUDFW Our study investigated the effects of antisense oligodeoxynucleotide targeting survivin on human gastric cancer cells. Bangladesh J Pharmacol. 2013; 8: 73- 77.p 7KLV�ZRUN�LV�OLFHQVHG�XQGHU�D�&UHDWLYH�&RPPRQV�$WWULEXWLRQ�����/LFHQVH��Keywords: apoptosis; asodn; cancer; cells; control; group; mol; survivin; � �
• Eriocalyxin B inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis through down-regulation of Bcl-2 and activation of caspase-3 in human bladder cancer cells by Rasul, Azhar; Liu, Jinmei; Liu, Ying; Millimouno, Faya Martin; Wang, Xiaowan; Tsuji, Ichiro; Yamamura, Takaki; Li, Jiang; Li, Xiaomeng (2013) - Furthermore, EriB has anti-proliferative effect and induced apoptosis in cancer cells such as ovarian cancer (Leizer et al., 2010), pancreatic adenocarcinoma (Li et al., 2012) and leukemia (Wang et al., 2007; Zhang et al., 2010). The results indicated that EriB induced growth inhibition of T24 cells, in addition to other type of cancer cells previously reported including ovarian cancer (Leizer et al., 2010), pancreatic adenocarcinoma (Li et al., 2012) and leukemia (Wang et al., 2007; Zhang et al., 2010). Keywords: apoptosis; bcl-2; bladder; cancer; cells; control; cycle; erib; et al; rasul; t24
• Trichostatin A destabilizes HIF-2α through a VHL-independent but proteasome-dependent pathway in cancer cell lines and tumor xenografts by Yang, Qingcheng; Du, Yuzhen; Cheng, Dongdong; Zhang, Zhichang; Du, Xinhui (2013) - As shown in Figure 1A, TSA induced a dose-dependent inhibition of HIF-2α protein expression. In the present study, our results showed that HDAC inhibitor TSA could induce HIF-2α degradation in a VHL-independent but proteasome-dependent pathway, which is similar as the degradation of HIF-1α mediated by HDAC inhibitors. Keywords: cancer; cells; effect; expression; hdac; hif-2α; hypoxia; inhibitors; proteasome; tsa; tumor; vhl
• Influence of delta-like 1 on chemotherapeutic sensitivity of small cell lung cancer by Liu, Huanxin; Zhang, Yan; Huang, Zuoping; Guo, Linlang (2013) - Differentially expressed genes were detected in resistant small cell lung cancer H69AR cells and sensitive small cell lung cancer H69 cells by microarray. eGFP-RNA was employed to up-regulate DDL1 expressing in H69AR cells (H69AR-eGFP -DLL1) by transfection. Keywords: cancer; cells; delta; dll1; egfp; expression; figure; h69ar; h69ar cells; notch; pires2
• CD26/dipeptidyl peptidase IV contributes to tumor metastasis in human lung adenocarcinoma by Liu, Lei; Yan, Ming Xia; Zhao, Fang Yu; Li, Jing; Ge, Chao; Geng, Qin; Zhu, Miao Xin; Sun, Lei; He, Xiang Huo; Li, Jin Jun; Yao, Ming (2013) - Compared to the control population, the proliferative capacity of CD26- cells was more aggressive, and CD26+ cells were less aggressive (Figure 2A, B). Using a Transwell migration assay, we found that CD26+ cells were more mobile than CD26- cells (Figure 2D). Keywords: a-1sci; adenocarcinoma; cadherin; cancer; cd26; cells; emt; et al; expression; human; invasion; lung; mesenchymal; metastasis; spc; tumor
• Computational analysis of CDH1 missense mutations in the cause of hereditary diffuse gastric cancer by Santhiya, S.; Shanthi, V.; Rajasekaran, R.; Ramanathan, Karuppasamy (2013) - Zhang Y, Wang Q. Sunitinib reverse multidrug resistance in gastric cancer cells by modulating Stat3 and inhibiting P-gp Function. There are so many drugs available for the chemotherapy treatment A Journal of the Bangladesh Pharmacological Society (BDPS) Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2013; 8: 207-213 Journal homepage: www.banglajol.info Abstracted/indexed in Academic Search Complete, Agroforestry Abstracts, Asia Journals Online, Bangladesh Journals Online, Biological Abstracts, BIOSIS Previews, CAB Abstracts, Current Abstracts, Directory of Open Access Journals, EMBASE/Excerpta Medica, Google Scholar, HINARI (WHO), International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, Open J-gate, Science Citation Index Expanded, SCOPUS and Social Sciences Citation Index ISSN: 1991-0088 Computational analysis of CDH1 missense mutations in the cause of hereditary diffuse gastric cancer S. Santhiya1, V. Shanthi2, R. Rajasekaran1 and Karuppasamy Ramanathan1 1Bioinformatics Division, 2Industrial Biotechnology Division, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India. Keywords: acid; amino; analysis; benign; cadherin; cancer; cdh1; et al; mutations; program; protein; structure; variants
• Antiproliferative and apoptotic effects of pinocembrin in human prostate cancer cells by Chen, Zhenyu; Rasul, Azhar; Zhao, Chaoyue; Millimouno, Faya Martin; Tsuji, Ichiro; Yamamura, Takaki; Iqbal, Rehana; Malhi, Mahadev; Li, Xiaomeng; Li, Jiang (2013) - Further- more, pinocembrin has antiproliferative effect and induced apoptosis in cancer cells such as colon cancer (Kumar et al., 2007; Pan et al., 2011; Zizic et al., 2013) and leukemia (Hsu et al., 2010; Salahdeen and Murtala, 2012). The results revealed that pinocembrin indu- ced growth inhibition of LNCaP cells, in addition to other type of cancer cells previously reported including colon cancer (Kumar et al., 2007; Pan et al., 2011; Zizic et al., 2013) and leukemia (Hsu et al., 2010; Salahdeen and Murtala, 2012). Keywords: apoptosis; cancer; cells; control; cycle; et al; flow; human; lncap; pinocembrin; prostate
• Dracorhodin perchlorate induces apoptosis in bladder cancer cells through Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, survivin down-regulation and caspase-3 activation by Wei, Wei; Di, Jun; Rasul, Azhar; Zhao, Chaoyue; Millimouno, Faya Martin; Tsuji, Ichiro; Iqal, Furhan; Malhi, Mahadev; Li, Xiaomeng; Li, Jiang (2013) - The aim of the present study was to elucidate the cytotoxic effects of dracorhodin perchlorate in human bladder cancer T24 cells and to delineate the underlying mechanisms of dracorhodin perchlorate-induced apoptosis in bladder cancer T24 cells. Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Research Article Dracorhodin perchlorate induces apoptosis in bladder cancer cells through Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, survivin down -regulation and caspase-3 activation BJP Introduction Urinary bladder cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed urological malignancies worldwide. Keywords: apoptosis; bladder; cancer; cells; dracorhodin; et al; hours; perchlorate; t24
• Jaceosidin inhibits proliferation of human bladder cancer T24 cells through induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by Li, Yong; Tan, Yan (2013) - The results indicated that jaceosidin induced growth inhibition of T24 cells, in addition to other type of cancer cells previously reported including endometrial cancer (Lee et al., 2013), ovarian cancer (Lv et al., 2008), and glioblastoma U87 cells (Khan et al., 2011; Khan et al., 2012). Previous studies have shown that pharmacological correction of these check points and proper progression of cell cycle is a proficient strategy to control the growth and prolifera- tion of cancer cells (Khan et al., 2012; Rasul et al., 2012a; Rasul et al., 2012b). Keywords: apoptosis; bcl-2; bladder; cancer; cells; cycle; et al; hours; jaceosidin; t24
• Anti-cancer peptides from bacteria by Karpinski, Tomasz M.; Szkaradkiewicz, Anna K. (2013) - Huang et al. believe that the hydrophobicity of the peptides plays a crucial role in the mechanism of action against cancer cells, which should be taken into account in the design of potential anticancer peptides (Huang et al., 2011). Anti- proliferative activity of Entap in cancer cells is manifested by inhibition of their cell cycle at the phase of G1 and by induction of autophagous apoptosis. Keywords: apoptosis; azurin; cancer; carcinoma; cells; diphtheria; et al; p53; peptides; protein; toxin; tumor
• Design and docking of novel series of hybrid xanthones as anti-cancer agent to target human DNA topoisomerase 2-alpha by Nainwal, Lalit Mohan; Parida, Pratap; Das, Aparoop; Bairy, Parth Sarathi (2014) - Targeted protein topo II , has most potential active site where the ligand could bind and interact was already previously identified and reported. Targeting DNA topoisomerase II in cancer chemo- therapy. Keywords: bangladesh; cancer; compounds; dna; docking; drug; energy; hybrid; protein; residues; structure; topoisomerase; xanthone; xm7
• 2,4,3',4'-tetramethoxy-biphenyl induces apoptosis in MGC-803 cells through a mitochondrial/caspase pathway by Sui, Xin; Sun, Zhizhong; An, Weiwei; Cheng, Kai; Jiang, Shougang; Xianfeng, Gong (2014) - In addition, DNA fragmentation became obvious after 50, 100, 200, 400 µM TMBP treatment for 36 hours and 150 µM for 24, 36 hours on agarose gel electrophoresis (Figure 2C), which further confirmed TMBP may induce cell apoptosis. Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Research Article 2,4,3′,4′-tetramethoxy-biphenyl in- duces apoptosis in MGC-803 cells through a mitochondrial/caspase pathway BJP Introduction Gastric cancer is the fourth most common cancer, after lung, breast and colorectal cancer, and the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Keywords: apoptosis; cancer; caspase-3; cells; compounds; death; figure; hours; mgc-803; mgc-803 cells; ome; tmbp
• Design, docking, synthesis and anticancer activity of some novel 2-(4-methylbenzenesulphonamido)pentanedioic acid amide derivatives by Dutta, Satyajit; Kumar, Deepak; Mishra, Anand Kumar; Ray, Supratim; Nagarajan, K. (2014) - Docking results of the drug and its derivatives via Arguslab docking software reveals that the e-value of glutamic acid compound 5a (-10.370504) is better as compared to that of the other glutamic acid analogs. Docking simulations The docking analysis of glutamic acid analogs, histone deacetylase protein and all the analogs with histone deacetylase protein was carried by Argus lab docking software. Keywords: 0.0a; 2-(4; acid; c6h4; cancer; compounds; str
• Nobiletin acts as a potential anticancer agent against osteosarcoma by regulating ERK and AKT signaling pathways by Niu, Fu-Wen; Zhang, Yong-Jie; Li, Kun; Zhang, Mao-Shu (2014) - Upon exposure, nobiletin showed significant cell inhibitory effect on SaOS-2 cells in a dose-dependent manner as evidenced by MTT assay and LDH assay. Moreover, flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that upon treatment with nobiletin, SaOS-2 cells underwent apoptosis and showed increased number of cells arrested in G2/M phase. Keywords: akt; anti; apoptosis; assay; cancer; cells; effect; erk; figure; hours; nobiletin; osteosarcoma; pathway; signaling; treatment
• Withaferin A inhibits osteosarcoma cells through inactivation of Notch-1 signalling by Chen, Yang; Han, Xiang-Zhen; Wang, Wei; Zhao, Ren-Tao; Li, Xiao (2014) - Withaferin A inhibits osteosarcoma cells through inactivation of Notch-1 signaling Yang Chen, Xiang Zhen Han, Wei Wang, Ren Tao Zhao and Xiao Li Department of Bone Tumor, Linyi People’s Hospital, Shandong 276 003, China. Our data showed that treatment of osteosarcoma cells with withaferin A beyond 30 µM at 24, 48 and 72 hours resulted in statistically significant toxicities and hence the maxi- mum concentration employed in subsequent studies was limited to 20 µM (Figure 1). Keywords: cancer; cells; cycle; hours; mg-63; notch-1; osteosarcoma; treatment; u2os; withaferin
• Naringenin modulates the metastasis of human prostate cancer cells by down regulating the matrix metalloproteinases -2/-9 via ROS/ERK1/2 pathways by Lin, Er-Jiang; Zhang, Xian; Wang, Da-Ya; Hong, Shi-Zhe; Li, Lei-Yu (2014) - The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of naringenin on metastasis of prostate cancer cells by evaluating the expression of MMPs-2/-9 and ERK1/2. The highest concentration of naringenin was most effective in inhibiting survival of prostate cancer cells. Keywords: activities; cancer; cancer cells; cells; du145; erk1/2; et al; expression; invasion; matrix; metastasis; migration; naringenin; pc-3; prostate; prostate cancer
• Phenotypic characterization of drug resistance and tumor initiating cancer stem cells from human bone tumor osteosarcoma cell line OS-77 by Zhang, Yue; Quan, Ren-Fu; Cheng, Wei-Shan; Ye, Zhao-Ming; Li, Wei-Xu; Yang, Di-Sheng (2014) - Hence the elimination of cancer stem cells is an essential goal for eradicating tumor cell of origin and for providing long term disease free survival. Therefore, elucidating the molecular mechanism and signaling pathways involved in cancer stem cells mediated tumorgenesis is essential to target the cancer stem cells inorder to eliminate the tumor relapse (Jordan et al., 2006; Hemmati et al., 2003; Li et al., 2007). Keywords: cancer; cells; drug; human; osteosarcoma; resistance; stem; tumor
• Periostin as a promising target of therapeutical intervention for colorectal cancer by Song, Li Na; Li, Ling Xia; Shi, Qing Hong; Fang, Ling; Sun, Li; Zhao, Hai Feng; Liu, Ning; Li, Hong Jun; He, Cheng Yan (2014) - Periostin is frequently up-regulated in human cancers and implicated in cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (Norris et al., 2008). We (avoid) were therefore curious to know whether the targeted down-regulation of periostin cells could induce apoptosis in SW480 cells. Keywords: apoptosis; cancer; cells; colorectal; control; et al; expression; hours; patients; periostin; serum; sirna-1; sw480; sw480 cells; tissues
• Tubeimoside-1 up-regulates p21 expression and induces apoptosis and G2/M phase cell cycle arrest in human bladder cancer T24 cells by Rasul, Azhar; Shen, Xiaoyan; Wang, Bingyu; Liu, Bao; Li, Xiaomeng; Tang, Jilin (2014) - TBMS1-induced apoptosis in T24 cells was consistent with previously reported studies in lung, cervical, and leukemia cancer cells (Weng et al., 2003; Xu et al., 2009; Zhang et al., 2011) Many studies revealed that mitochondrion is one of the essential components of the apoptosis execution machi- nery, which contain pro-apoptotic proteins (e.g., cytochrome c) (Elmore, 2007). Furthermore, TBMS1 has antiproliferative effect and induced apoptosis in cancer cells such as lung cancer (Zhang et al., 2011), cervical cancer (Xu et al., 2009), nasopharyngeal carci- noma (Ma et al., 2008; Weng et al., 2003), melanoma A375 cells (Rasul et al., 2012b), and leukemia HL-60 cells (Yu et al., 1996). Keywords: apoptosis; bcl-2; bladder; cancer; cells; cycle; et al; hours; regulation; results; t24; t24 cells; tbms1
• Notch 1 signaling pathway is the potential target of novel anticancer drugs for the treatment of human nasopharyngeal cancer by Guan, Guo-Fang; Zhang, De-Jun; Xin, Ding; Wen, Lian-Ji; Yu, Duo-Jiao; Lu, Yan-Qing; Zhao, Yan; Wang, Tie-Jun (2014) - Abstract Activation of Notch signaling pathway in cancer stem cells plays a crucial role in the regulation of self–renewal and maintenance of side population cells. The presence of side population cells from nasopharyngeal carcinoma for activation of Notch signaling pathways was investigated. Keywords: bangladesh; cancer; carcinoma; cells; expression; figure; human; notch; population; population cells; stem; tumor
• Quercetin potentiates the effect of γδT cells via modulating the expressions of Granzyme B, perforin and IFN-γ and also regulates the Wnt/δ-catenin signalling pathway in human colon cancer cells by Lu, Hai-Yan; Peng, Tian-Shu; Hu, Xiang-Dang; Li, Shuai-Jun; Luo, Min; He, Yong-Heng; Nie, Tian (2015) - The results suggest that proper concentrations of quercetin could promote proliferation of T cells that can augment immune responses against cancer cells. Results The effects of quercetin at different concentrations (15- 120 µM) on T cells and on colon cancer cells (HT55 and HCT116) were assessed. Keywords: -catenin; cancer; cells; colon; control; effect; expression; ht55; human; pathway; quercetin; t cells; wnt/; µm quercetin
• Wnt5a silencing inhibits the osteosarcoma migration by suppressing PI3K/AKT signaling pathway by Chen, Jun; Wang, Ye; Shi, Wei-Xin (2014) - The effect of Wnt5a on U2OS and SaOS-2 osteosarcoma cancer cells has been carried out after treating the individual cells with recombinant Wnt5a. The effect of Wnt5a on cell migration via AKT pathways was also demonstrated. Keywords: akt; cancer; cell; effect; migration; osteosarcoma; pi3k; proliferation; u2os; wnt5a
• Anticancer potential of phytochemicals against breast cancer: Molecular docking and simulation approach by Ahmed, Bilal; Ashfaq, Usman Ali; Qamar, Muhammad Tahir ul; Ahmad, Matloob (2014) - Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Research Article Anti-cancer potential of phytochem- icals against breast cancer: Molecu- lar docking and simulation approach BJP Introduction In breast cancer, breast cells lose their normal control and start to proliferate at higher rate as compared to normal cells. Breast cancer is the most familiar form of cancer which affects the women’s around the world and the second major form of cancer which is a cause of death next to the lung cancer. Keywords: breast; cancer; docking; drug; estrogen; molecules; receptor; tamoxifen
• Role of SMAD signaling in drug-induced apoptosis in colon cancer by Ren, Bin; Liu, Chong; Wu, Li-Hua; Jin, Peng; Li, Ping; Liu, Yu-Jie; Yu, Qing-Bo (2014) - Our results indicate that, ectopic expression of SMAD4 cells increased the response of cancer cells and increased the apoptosis in FET and Caco2 cells (Figure 4). In this study we investigated the response of chemothera- peutic drugs in colon cancer cells that are with (SW620 and SW480) and without aberrations (FET-1 and Caco2) in SMAD signaling. Keywords: apoptosis; c u; cancer; cells; drug; f u; signaling; smad; treatments; u r
• Computational drug designing of fungal pigments as potential aromatase inhibitors by Fatima, Nighat; Kalsoom, Abida; Mumtaz, Amara; Muhammad, Syed Aun (2014) - Aromatase protein residues Arg, Met, Phe, Ser, Tyr, Pro, Asn, Glu, Val, Lys, Gln, Ala, Ile was formed H-bond with ligands molecules. -9.9 4.1 3.0 aRMSD/UB: Root mean square deviation/upper bond; RMSD/LB: root mean square deviation/lower bond Conclusion Docking studies of the monascus, ankaflavin, monas- corubrin and monascorubramine with aromatase enzyme showed that these natural compounds are good ligands which dock well with aromatase target. Keywords: aromatase; cancer; docking; ligands; monascin; protein; target
• A novel synthesis of aurones: Their in vitro anticancer activity against breast cancer cell lines and effect on cell cycle, apoptosis and mitochondrial membrane potential by Chen, Hai; Qi, Xiao-Dong; Qiu, Ping (2014) - H 20 min/ 95 3j H H H H H OMe 16 min/ 94 3k H H H H OMe OMe 22 min/ 92 3l H H F F H H 15 min/ 95 3m H H CN CN H H 25 min/ 90 3n 4,6-OMe H H H H H 23 min/ 95 3o 4,6-OMe H H H H H 30 min/ 90 All the reactions were carried out using compound 1a or b (1 mmol) and an appropriate aldehyde (1 mmol) in the presence of amberlite IR-120 resin Table III Recycle of the amberlite IR-120 catalyst for the preparation of aurone (3d) Keywords: cancer; cell; h h; hours; mhz; nmr
• Anticancer and apoptosis-inducing effects of Moringa concanensis using hepG2 cell lines by Balamurugan, V.; Balakrishnan, Veluchamy; Robinson, J. Philip; Ramakrishnan, M. (2014) - Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2014; 9: 604-609 607 P er ce nt ag e of v ia bi lit y 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 Control 2 4 6 8 10 20 30 40 50 100 µg/mL Figure 2: Cytotoxic effect of M. concanensis leaf crude extracts against HepG2 cell line Figure 3: Cytotoxicity and apoptotic activity of M. concanensis bark and leaf plant crude extracts against HepG2 cell line (A) Controls cells; (B) bark crude extracts treated HepG2 cells; (C) leaf crude extracts treated HepG2 cells showing cytotoxicity and apoptotic activity Figure 4: Apoptotic DNA fragmentation of HepG2 cells (1) Control, (2) leaf treated showing apoptotic DNA fragmentation of HepG2 cell line (3) bark treated showing apoptotic DNA fragmentation of HepG2 cell line A B C Large scale screening of plant crude extracts on cell culture is an important initial step to determine their potential efficacy in clinical application. Briefly, HepG2 cells were seeded in 96 well plates at a density of 6 x 103 cells per well. Keywords: apoptosis; bark; cancer; cell; concanensis; crude; extracts; hepg2; leaf
• Anti-cancer potential of banana flower extract: An in vitro study by Nadumane, Varalakshmi Kilingar; Timsina, Bibechana (2014) - The ethanol extract had significant cytotoxicity to HeLa cells with an IC50 of 20 µg/mL. By thin layer chromatography we could isolate three fractions out of which fraction 2 had exhibited maximum anti-proliferative effects with an IC50 value of <10 µg/mL. By LC-MS analysis, bioactive fraction was found to have an m/z value of 224.2 indicating it as a novel one. Here, HeLa cells and CHO cells were exposed to the bioactive fraction 2 (20 μg/mL each) for 24 hours. Keywords: anti; banana; bioactive; cancer; cells; control; extract; figure; flower; fraction; hela; hours
• Meta-analysis on the association between CYP2D6*10 gene polymorphism and disease free survival of breast cancer patients receiving tamoxifen treatment in Asia by Pu, Zhichen; Yuan, Xiaolong; Zhang, Xuefeng; Chen, Qun; Xie, Haitang (2014) - Disease free survival of breast cancer patients with CYP2D6*10 wild-type homozygous and heterozygous is higher than that of CYP2D6*10/*10 patients after the tamoxifen treatment, with statistical significance. The results showed, the 5 years DFS of breast cancer patients with CYP2D6*10 wild-type homozygous and heterozygous is slightly higher than that of CYP2D6*10/*10 patients after the TAM treatment, with statistical significance (Figure 2A). Keywords: 10/*10; breast; breast cancer; cancer; cancer patients; cyp2d6; dfs; heterogeneity; patients; tam; treatment; type; years
• Vitexicarpin inhibits overexpression of GNAO1 and plays a role in gastric cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis by Wang, Si-Ping; Yu, Li; Xie, Jie; Liu, Xiao-Ming; Li, Hong (2015) - Dissemination and growth of cancer cells in metastatic sites. Vitexicarpin inhibits overexpression of GNAO1 and plays a role in gastric cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis Si-Ping Wang1, Li Yu1, Jie Xie1, Xiao-Ming Liu2 and Hong Li1 1Domestic Department of Health Management Institute, The Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China; 2Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. Keywords: cancer; cells; control; gastric; gnao1; migration; mkn-45; proliferation; vitexicarpin
• Ellagic acid regulates Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway and CDK8 in HCT 116 and HT 29 colon cancer cells by Fang, Yang; Zhou, Hong; Xia, Jian-Fu; Lin, Jie-Jun; Li, Ri-Zeng; Yang, Da-Qing; Xu, Mai-Yu; Li, Xiao-Yang (2015) - Ellagic acid at 50 µM caused a slight decrease in the levels of CDK8 (Figure 4), lower concentrations of ellagic acid, however had not much effect on regulating the expression of CDK8. Study was taken to assess whether ellagic acid modulates Wnt/ -catenin pathway and CDK8 activity in colon cancer cells (HT 29 and HCT 116). Keywords: -catenin; acid; cancer; cdk8; cells; colon; ellagic; et al; expression; hct; pathway; signaling; wnt/
• Pleurotus eous polysaccharides suppress angiogenesis and induce apoptosis via ROS-dependent JNK activation and mitochondrial mediated mechanisms in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells by Xu, Jin-Kai; Yuan, Qing-Gong; Luo, Peng; Sun, Xiao-Li; Ma, Jian-Cang (2015) - Generation of ROS upon PEP treatment 80 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2015; 10: 78-86 PEP (µg/mL) C el l v ia bi lit y % 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 50 100 150 200 250 a a a Figure 1: Effect of P. eous polysaccharides on the cell viability of MCF-7 cancer cells. The most important regulator of human tumor angiogenesis is VEGF, also known as VEGF-A or Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2015; 10: 78-86 81 PEP (µg/mL) 0 50 100 150 200 250 A po pt ot ic c el ls % 100 80 60 40 20 0 Figure 2: Influence of P. eous polysaccharides on apoptotic changes in the nucleus of MCF-7 cancer cells Upper. Keywords: apoptosis; breast; cancer; cells; eous; et al; expression; human; jnk; mcf-7; membrane; pep; polysaccharides; ros
• Vernolepin regulates apoptosis and autophagy via microtubule formation in ovarian carcinoma cells by Tu, Ju-Hong; Lou, Wei-Hua; Huang, Rong; Zhao, Ai-Min (2015) - All these results indicated that 3-MA could specifically inhibit vernolepin-induced auto- phagy in ovarian cancer cells by inhibiting the increase of LC3. Figure 1: (A) Vernolepin inhibited the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells; (B) Cell cycle was arrested at G2/M phase by vernole- pin. Keywords: apoptosis; autophagy; cancer; cells; hours; ov3; ovcar-3; treatment; vernolepin
• Overexpression of phosphorylated MARCKS in the nicotine-derived nitrosamine ketone induced lung cancer mice by Chen, Zhen; Gu, Ling-Yun; Zhou, Jun; Wang, Qin; Gao, Hui; Yu, Zhong-He (2015) - Immunohistochemistry Lung tissue samples were collected from the control and NNK induced lung cancer mice at different time intervals namely, 5th, 6th and 7th month after NNK injection. Protein samples were prepared from the lung tissues of NNK induced lung cancer mice along with its control (at different time intervals namely, 5th, 6th and 7th month after NNK injection) and resolved in the 8% SDS-PAGE. Keywords: cancer; control; lung; lung cancer; marcks; mice; month; nnk
• Scopoletin potentiates the anti-cancer effects of cisplatin against cholangiocarcinoma cell lines by Asgar, Md. Ali; Senawong, Gulsiri; Sripa, Banchob; Senawong, Thanaset (2015) - After exposure to 24 hours, the percentages of cells distributed in different phases of cell cycle were determined by flow cytometry using propidium iodide (PI) staining. Scopoletin prevented proliferation of human prostate tumor PC3 cells by arresting cell cycle at G0/G1 and S phases (Liu et al., 2001). Keywords: apoptosis; cancer; cells; cholangiocarcinoma; cisplatin; combination; cycle; effects; hours; kku; kku-100; m214; scopoletin
• Resveratrol overcomes TRAIL resistance in human colon cancer cells by Li, Xiao-Bing; Deng, Yun-Gang; Hu, Jia-Ping; Wang, Zhi; Xie, Rong-Zhen; Luo, Hong; Hu, Xiao-Yun (2015) - Here, we showed for the first time that the combined treatment with resveratrol and TRAIL drastically induced apoptosis in human colon cancer cells when compared to single treatments. trol overcomes TRAIL resistance in human colon cancer cells. Keywords: apoptosis; caco; cancer; cancer cells; cells; colon; death; dr5; effect; et al; figure; results; resveratrol; trail; treatment
• Effect of crude saponins from Gaultheria trichophylla extract on growth inhibition in human colorectal cancer cells by Alam, Fiaz; Saqib, Qazi Najumus; Waheed, Abdul (2015) - The effect of plant extracts on cancer cells was quantified as the percentage of control absorbance of reduced dye at 550 nm on microplate reader (LabtechLT-4000MS, Labtechm International Ltd., East Sussex, and UK). The blue- fluorescent DAPI nucleic acid stain preferentially stains DNA and is used to study the morphological condition of cancer cells, espe-cially as a marker for apoptosis in the cells. Keywords: assay; caco-2; cancer; cells; crude; extract; growth; mtt; saponins; trichophylla
• Targeting breast cancer using retinoic acid trifloromethyl chalcone: A promising therapeutic strategy in the treatment of breast cancer by Ding, Hao; Wang, Ben-Zhong; Zhu, Hua-Qing; Dong, Liu-Yi; Gu, Yu-Fang; Zhao, Yu (2015) - In conclusion, administration of RAFC, suppressed the number of rats with tumor, number of tumors per rat, and volume of malignant breast tumors induced by DMBA in female rats. The data revealed a significant decrease in number of rats with mammary tumor, number of tumors per rat and tumor volume by 54, 72 and 75% respectively in RAFC group compared to control group. Keywords: breast; cancer; group; ibuprofen; number; rafc; rats; tumor
• Sequential treatment with ursolic acid chlorophenyl triazole followed by 5-fluorouracil shows synergistic activity in small cell lung cancer cells by Zhu, Rui-Xia; Zhao, Lei; Zhang, Yu-Kun; Luo, Peng; Liu, Si-Hai; Wang, Jin-Guang (2015) - In the present study the effect of sequential treatment of UACT (Figure 1) followed by 5-FU on small cell lung cancer cells was investigated. In the present study the effect of sequential treatment of ursolic acid chlorophenyl triazole (UACT) followed by 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on human small cell lung cancer cells was investigated. Keywords: cancer; cells; combination; h209; hours; lung; tnf; treatment; uact
• Chemical synthesis, docking studies and biological effects of functionalized 1,3-diaryl-2-propen-1-ones on human colon cancer cells by Zhu, Guo-Min; Huang, Guo-Dong (2015) - Trans-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)-1-(4’-flouro-3’-methylphenyl)- 2-propen-1-one (1a) Orange powder; 20% yield; mp 59-60°C; IR νmax(KBr): 3422, 1548, 1154, 737 (NH), 1653 (chalcone C=O), 1520, 1491, 1440(aromatics) Trans-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)-1-(anthracenyl)-2-propen-1- one (1c) Yellow powder; 80% yield; mp 108-109°C; IR νmax(KBr): 3395, 1561, 1164, 746 (NH), 1649 (chalcone C=O), 1515, 232 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2015; 10: 230-240 Indole-3-carbinol + N H OHC CH3 O R 1 O NH R 5 4 b CH3 O CH3 O R 1 R 1 3h. Keywords: anti; c-1; c-2; c-3; c-6; cancer; chalcone; compounds; h-2; h-6; mhz; nmr
• Kaempferol modulates the metastasis of human non-small cell lung cancer cells by inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition by Hang, Meng; Zhao, Fan; Chen, Shu-Bo; Sun, Qing; Zhang, Chun-Xiao (2015) - The present study was done to determine whether kaempferol, a natural polyphenol of the flavonoid family, affects Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) in non-small cell lung cancer cells. Kaempferol exhibited maximum anti-proliferative potential at a concentration of 140 μM and lowest at 10 μM. Only such concentrations (10, 20, 40 and 60 µM) which exhibited lesser influence on the viability of A549 cells were used in all subsequent experiments In hi bi to ry e ffe ct Figure 1: Inhibitory effects of kaempferol on the proliferation of non-small cell lung cancer cells. Keywords: a549; cancer; cells; emt; hours; kaempferol; lung
• Ursolic acid benzaldehyde chalcone leads to inhibition of cell proliferation and arrests cycle in G1/G0 phase in ovarian cancer by Jia, Yan; Jia, Zan-Hui; Chen, Jun; Zhu, He; Cui, Man-Hua (2015) - In the present study, the effect of ursolic acid benzaldehyde chalcone (UABC) on ovarian carcinoma cells was studied. Not only ursolic acid but its derivatives also induce apoptosis in a variety of cancer cells (Es-Saady et al., 1992;1996) A Journal of the Bangladesh Pharmacological Society (BDPS) Keywords: acid; apoptosis; cancer; carcinoma; cells; control; gli1; hedgehog; hours; inhibition; ovarian; treatment; uabc
• Fisetin induces G2/M phase cell cycle arrest by inactivating cdc25C-cdc2 via ATM-Chk1/2 activation in human endometrial cancer cells by Wang, Zhan-Ying; Liu, Wen-Qiong; Wang, Si'e; Wei, Zeng-Tao (2015) - G0/G1 S G2/M Figure 2: Effect of fisetin on cell cycle in KLE cells Fisetin at (20-100 µM) induces G2/M cell cycle arrest in KLE cells in a dose and time–dependent manner. DNA damage sensor, ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) controls cell cycle arrest at G1 and G2 and blocks DNA synthesis that is in progress. Keywords: arrest; atm; cancer; cdc25c; cell; cycle; cyclin; fisetin; hec1; kle
• Adjuvant chemotherapy of megestrol acetate in advanced breast cancer: A meta-analysis by Shui, Yanping; Tang, Youmei; Zhang, Xuefeng; Ge, Jun; Pu, Zhichen (2015) - Lu WB, Ding H. Adjuvant treatment of megestrol acetate (MPA) on breast cancer chemotherapy patients: A clinical observation. Pu Z, Yuan X, Zhang X, Chen Q, Xie H. Meta-analysis on the association between CYP2D6*10 gene polymorphism and disease free survival of breast cancer patients receiving tamoxifen treatment in Asia. Keywords: acetate; adjuvant; analysis; breast; breast cancer; cancer; chemotherapy; megestrol; patients; studies; trials
• Studies of in vitro anti-prostate cancer potential of newer 1,2,4-triazolo-1,3,4-thiadiazines with different heteroaromatics by Fan, Mao-Chuan; Han, Guang-Ye; Zhang, Xin-Jun; Xi, Hui-Fang (2015) - 3-(3-((1H-benzo[d]imidazol-1-yl)methyl)-7H-[1,2,4] triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazin-6-yl)-2H-chromen-2- one (1) Yield 71%, m.p. 256-258°C, IR (KBr, cm–1): 3049 (Ar-H), 2988, 2919, 2845 (C-H), 1729 (lactone C=O), 1640 (C=N), 1389 (N=C-S), 1327 (C-N), 1317 (N-N=C), 679 (C-S-C bend-ing); 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO–d6): δ 8.49 (s, 1H, –N=CH, benzimidazole), 8.21 (s, 1H, H–4, coumarin), 7.83-7.67 (m, 2H, Ar-H), 7.35-7.43 (m, 2H, coumarin), 7.32-7.17 (m, 2H, Ar-H), 7.05-7.12 (m, 2H, coumarin), 4.21 (s, 2H, S-CH2, thiadiazine), 3.71 (s, 2H, –N–CH2); 13C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO–d6): δ 168.1 (1C, C=O, coumarin), 165.2, 162.6 and 160.1 (3C, C-3, C-6 and C-9, triazolothiadiazine), 153.2 (1C, C-9, coumarin), 152.7 (1C, C–2, benzimidazole), 145.2-116.8 (13C, Ar-C), 43.8 (1C, N–CH2), 41.2 (1C, C-7, CH2, triazolothiadiazine). Found: C, 60.71; H, 3.58; N, 20.16. 3,3'-(7H-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazine-3,6- diyl)bis(2H-chromen-2-one) (2) Yield 68%, m.p. 245-257°C, IR (KBr, cm–1): 3058 (Ar-H), 2988, 2937, 2840 (C-H), 1734 (lactone C=O), 1633 (C=N), 1380 (N=C-S), 1331 (C-N), 1324 (N-N=C), 681 (C-S-C bending); 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO–d6): δ 8.34 (s, 1H, H–4, coumarin), 8.37 (s, 1H, H–4, coumarin), 7.29-7.46 (m, 4H, coumarin), 7.04-7.15 (m, 4H, coumarin), 4.27 (s, 2H, S-CH2, thiadiazine); 13C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO– d6): δ 169.1 (1C, C=O, coumarin), 167.8 (1C, C=O, coumarin), 166.1, 163.3 and 159.8 (3C, C-3, C-6 and C-9, triazolothiadiazine), 153.4 (1C, C-9, coumarin), 152.8 (1C, C-9, coumarin), 145.2-125.6 (14C, Ar-C), 41.9 (1C, C -7, CH2, triazolothiadia-zine). Keywords: cancer; cell; ch2; compounds; coumarin; nmr; quinoline
• A novel retinoic acid chalcone reverses epithelial-mesenchymal transition in prostate cancer cells by Zhong, Jian; Hou, Jian-Quan (2015) - Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Research Article A novel retinoic acid chalcone re-A novel retinoic acid chalcone re-A novel retinoic acid chalcone re- verses epithelial‑mesenchymal tran-verses epithelial‑mesenchymal tran-verses epithelial‑mesenchymal tran- sition in prostate cancer cellssition in prostate cancer cellssition in prostate cancer cells BJP Introduction Prostate cancer is the commonly diagnosed and second leading cause of death in men following the lung cancer in USA. These markers promote prostate cancer cells to undergo metastatic activity (Evdokimova, et al. 2012). Keywords: cancer; cells; cwr22rv1; emt; expression; lps; prostate; rafc; treatment; vimentin
• Alantolactone pyrazoline analogue inhibits cancer cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in non-small cell lung carcinoma cells by lv, Jing; Cao, Ming-Qin; Yu, Jian-Chun (2015) - Apoptosis induction in cancer cells is also seen as a potent mechanism through which a wide variety of natural phytochemicals suppress cancer growth. Numerous natural phytochemicals have been reported to inhibit the growth of cancer cells through disruption of cell cycle progression (Chen and Kong, 2005; Keywords: alantolactone; analogue; apa; apoptosis; cancer; cells; h460; lung; pyrazoline
• Cytotoxic activity of crude saponins from Gaultheria trichophylla against human breast cancer cells MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468 by Alam, Fiaz; Saqib, Qazi Najam us; Waheed, Abdul (2015) - This was a clear indication of apoptosis Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2015; 10: 443-448 445 Table I Dose-dependent growth inhibition of cancer cell lines by crude extract of Gaultheria trichophylla Concentration (µg/mL) MTT assay NRU assay %Growth inhibition %Growth inhibition MCF-7 cells MDA MB-468 cells MCF-7 cells MDA MB-468 cells 10 22.1 ± 5.9a 9.4 ± 4.9 29.0 ± 6.1a 30.1 ± 3.2b 25 24.7 ± 7.1a 15.8 ± 5.4a 33.0 ± 5.3b 43.9 ± 3.4b 50 41.6 ± 3.8b 38.4 ± 6.3b 44.1 ± 3.6b 46.0 ± 4.2b 100 40.0 ± 3.4b 46.2 ± Results The results from the MTT and NRU assays of cellular viability in various concentrations of methanolic crude extract (G.Me) of G. trichophylla are listed in Table I. MCF-7 and MDA MB-468 cells were inhibited by crude extract with a rate increasing with increasing concentration. Keywords: assay; cancer; cells; crude; mb-468; mcf-7; mda; saponins; trichophylla
• Inhibition of β-catenin protein expression by triptolide affects self-renewal of liver cancer stem cells by Zhou, Jian-Bo; Peng, Gang; Jia, Yu-Cheng; Li, Jun; Wang, Jia; Nie, Shu; Zhang, Qiu-Ying (2015) - Side population purified from hepatocellular carcinoma cells harbors cancer stem cell-like properties. A group of cells possessing stem cell properties and ability of propagating and sustaining tumors are known as cancer stem cells (CSCs) (Mackillop et al., 1983; Gupta et al., 2009). Keywords: cancer; catenin; cd133; cells; lcscs; stem; triptolide
• Tanshinone IIA inactivates Akt and induces caspase-dependent death in cervical cancer cells via the mitochondrial pathway by Li, Hu; Xu, Yan; Yang, Li; He, Lei (2015) - It was observed that tanshi- none IIA induces death in cervical cancer cells through the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Tanshinone IIA inactivates Akt and induces caspase-dependent death in cervical cancer cells via the mitochondrial pathway Hu Li1, Yan Xu1, Li Yang1 and Lei He2 1Department of Gynecology, Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, 511400, China; 2Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 511400, China. Keywords: akt; apoptosis; cancer; cells; hours; iia; sw756; tanshinone; tanshinone iia; treatment
• Fisetin, a dietary flavonoid induces apoptosis via modulating the MAPK and PI3K/Akt signalling pathways in human osteosarcoma (U-2 OS) cells by Li, Jian-Ming; Li, Wu-Yin; Huang, Man-Yu; Zhang, Xiao-Qiang (2015) - Present study investigates whether fisetin induces apoptosis of human osteosarcoma cells and modulats the MAPK and PI3/Akt signalling pathways. These findings indicate that fisetin induces apoptosis in human osteosarcoma cells by activating caspase cascades. Keywords: activation; akt; apoptosis; cancer; cells; et al; fisetin; hours; jnk; osteosarcoma; p38; pathway; pi3k; proteins; regulation; ros; u-2
• MHC class I-presented tumor antigen appraisable for T-cell responses against ovarian cancer by Wang, Jing Yao; Zhang, Nan; Yang, Xiaojie; Gao, Danli; Yin, Lirong; Ji, Shuying (2015) - Liu JJ, Lin B, Hao YY, Li FF, Liu DW, Qi Y, Zhu LC, Zhang SL, Iwamori M. Lewis(y) antigen stimulates the growth of ovarian cancer cells via regulation of the epidermal growth factor receptor pathway. Meng CF, Su B, Li W. DNA demethylation is superior to histone acetylation for reactivating cancer-associated genes in ovarian cancer cells. Keywords: antigen; cancer; cell; grade; hla; mhc; patients; peptide; reactions; tumor
• Dose-dense weekly paclitaxel and carboplatin compared with conventional paclitaxel and carboplatin treatment for stage II-IV ovarian cancer patients by Du, Zhenhua; Ma, Xiaolin (2015) - Conventional chemothe-rapy regimens of epithelial ovarian cancer is the combine chemotherapy based on platinum, in the platinum, cisplatin and carboplatin have a similar curative effect, but the adverse reaction is different, as neurotoxicity adverse reaction of cisplatin overlap paclitaxel, but the renal toxicity, gastrointestinal reaction and neurotoxi- city of carboplatin are all less than cisplatin, so the ovarian cancer treatment guidelines make by most of the gynecological cancer center and authority of the gynecological tumors, recommend paclitaxel and carbo- A Journal of the Bangladesh Pharmacological Society (BDPS) In conclusion, these results of our study displayed that PFS of dose-dense weekly paclitaxel and carboplatin is associated with longer than a conventional regimen of paclitaxel and carboplatin in epithelial ovarian cancer. Keywords: cancer; carboplatin; carboplatin group; dose; group; ovarian; paclitaxel; patients; treatment
• Induction of cell death in prostate cancer cells by escopoletin, a promising treatment strategy by Chen, Da; Zhang, Xiao-Yi; Zheng, Fa-Zhu; Wang, Hai-Tao; Cai, Jian-Liang; Xia, Ming (2015) - Analysis of the presence G1 phase marker in DU145 cells showed significantly higher concentration Figure 2: Induction of cell death and ROS generation in prostate cancer cells by escopoletin. The results revealed a significantly higher cytotoxicity by escopoletin that caused cell death in DU145 cells. Keywords: cancer; cells; death; du145; escopoletin; prostate; ros; treatment
• Ethanol extract of Artemisia sieversiana exhibits anticancer effects and induces apoptosis through a mitochondrial pathway involving DNA damage in COLO-205 colon carcinoma cells by Tang, Jun; Zhao, Juan-Juan; Li, Zhi-Hong (2015) - Morphological changes induced by A. sieversiana extract in COLO-205 colon cancer cells detected by phase contrast microscopy: Since COLO-205 cancer cells were the most affected among the different tested colon cancer cells. The results are shown in Figure 4, which indica- tes that the extract induced a dose-dependent loss of MMP in COLO-205 cancer cells. Keywords: cancer; cells; colo-205; colon; dna; extract; sieversiana
• Paclitaxel and trastuzumab treatment affects insulin growth factor I expression in breast cancer cell lines by Qian, Yu-Xian; Yu, Rui; Qin, Shi-Rong (2015) - Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Research Article Paclitaxel and trastuzumab treatment affects insulin growth factor I expres- sion in breast cancer cell lines BJP Introduction Insulin-like growth factor I receptor (IGF-1R) is a recep- tor tyrosine kinase (RTK) protein overexpressed (about 70%) in breast cancer cells (Nielson et al., 2004; Sachdev et al., 2004). 800 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2015; 10: 799-806 Results Down-regulation of IGF-1Rb, IRS-2, PI3K and up- regulation of IGFBP-3 and PTEN by drug treatment The important phenotypic characteristics of metastatic phase in breast cancer cells are regulated by IGF system which included survival, growth and metastasis (Figueroa and Yee, 1992). Keywords: breast; cancer; cells; drug; expression; growth; igf-1; paclitaxel; t47d; trastuzumab; treatment
• Expression of microRNA-132 in patient with liver cancer and mediation of microRNA-132 on cell growth of liver cancer cell by Liu, Li-Wei; Zhu, Li-Xin; Liu, Bo (2015) - Abstract We detected the expression of microRNA-132 in Chinese patient with liver cancer and evaluated down-regulation of microRNA-132 affect on cell growth and apoptotic of liver cancer cell. Down-regulation of microRNA-132 could inhibit cell growth and activated apoptotic of liver cancer cell. Keywords: cancer; cancer cell; cell; expression; liver; liver cancer; microrna-132; patients; wang
• Anticancer and apoptotic effects of theaflavin-3-gallate in non-small cell lung carcinoma by Li, Da-Wei; Meng, Long; Zhang, Kui-Xing; Zhang, Wei-Ke (2015) - B, C and D represent cells treated with 20, 80 and 160 µM dose of theaflavin-3-gallate 794 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2015; 10: 790-798 Figure 4: Effect of theaflavin-3-gallate on cell cycle phase distribution in A-549 non-small cell lung cancer cells. Epidemiology of lung cancer: Figure 7: Theaflavin-3-gallate decreases invasion of A-549 non-small cell lung cancer cells. Keywords: a-549; apoptosis; cancer; cells; control; figure; gallate; hours; lung; theaflavin-3; treatment
• Synthesis and biological evaluation of 6H-1-benzopyrano[4,3-b]quinolin-6-one derivatives as inhibitors of colon cancer cell growth by Li, Tie-Ling; Guo, Hai-Feng; Li, Fu-Juan; Sun, Zhi-Guo; Zhang, Heng-Chun (2015) - Among the eight compounds studied, 3C, with a difluoro substitution on the 9 and 10 position of the 6H-1-benzopyrano [4,3-b]quinolin-6-one ring, show- ed selective and potent growth inhibition against colon cancer cells. Overall, these results established that the 9,10- difluoro substitution is significant to the anticancer activity of 6H-1-benzopyrano [4,3-b]quinolin-6-one and that compound 3c was a promising candidate for further studies with colon cancer cells. Keywords: b]quinolin-6; cancer; cancer cells; cells; colon; dna; hct-116; hours; mhz; nmr
• Trolox induces inhibition of cell proliferation and apoptosis in human colon cancer cells by Yang, Li-Guang; Tian, Xiang-An; Li, Xiao-Yan; Huang, Jian-Guo; Liu, Nai-Qing; Sun, Qin-Li (2015) - Invasion of cancer cells leads to tissue remodeling like proteolytic degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) along with the basement membrane of normal adjacent tissues (Johnsen et al., 1998). Trolox (6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl- chroman-2-carboxylic acid), an analog of vitamin E has been widely investigated for its role in the inhibition of oxidative stress or damage in cancer cells (Lúcio et al., 2009; Barclay et al., 1995; Forrest et al., 1994). Keywords: apoptosis; cancer; cells; colon; hct-15; hours; lines; proliferation; treatment; trolox
• Tangeretin prevents prostate cancer cell proliferation and induces apoptosis via activation of Notch signalling and regulating the androgen receptor (AR) pathway and the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3k)/Akt/mTOR pathways by Guo, Jin-Jin; Li, Ying-Jie; Xin, Lu-Lu (2015) - Determination of cell viability The viability of prostate cancer cells were assessed as described previously (Pan et al., 2010; Zheng et al., 2010). Viability of prostate cancer cells was measured at 570 nm using ELISA reader (RT6000, China). Keywords: akt; androgen; androgen receptor; apoptosis; cancer; cancer cells; cells; dna; et al; expression; human; inhibition; mtor; notch; pathway; pi3k; prostate; prostate cancer; pten; receptor; regulation; signalling; tangeretin
• Anticancer activity of novel oleanolic acid methyl ester derivative in HeLa cervical cancer cells is mediated through apoptosis induction and reactive oxygen species production by Song, Xin; Liu, Chang-Chun; Hong, Yu-Rong; Zhu, Xiao-Cong (2015) - Anti-cancer activity of novel oleanolic acid methyl ester derivative in HeLa cervical cancer cells is mediated through apoptosis induction and reactive oxygen species production Xin Song1, Chang-Chun Liu2, Yu-Rong Hong3 and Xiao-Cong Zhu4 Department of 1Special Medical Treatment, 2Neurology, and 3Renal Medicine, Coal General Hospital, Beijing 100 028, China; 4Department of Uropoiesis Surgical, Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100 850, China. Annexin V-FITC assay for apoptosis quantification Apoptosis induced by oleanolic acid methyl ester in HeLa cervical cancer cells was evaluated using an annexin V-FITC apoptosis detection kit. Keywords: acid; apoptosis; cancer; cells; ester; hela; hours; methyl; oleanolic; vanillate
• Inhibition of cell proliferation in gastric cancer cell lines on exposure to rubriflordilactone A by Peng, Shang-Jin; Chen, Jue-Wei (2015) - Gastric cancer cells are usually present in an environ- ment with acidic pH (Stubbs et al., 1999; Stubbs et al., 1994). Higher rate of proliferation in gastric cancer cells accompanied by faster rates of glycolysis results production of molecules acidic in nature (Holm et al., 1995; Vaupel et al., 1989). Keywords: apoptosis; cancer; cell; erk; inhibition; lines; rubriflordilactone; viability
• Equol induces apoptosis in chemoresistant ovarian cancer cells via external pathway by Gong, Xue-Mei; Hu, Cheng-Jiu; Zhao, Quan-Jing; Shi, Dong-Mei (2015) - Overall results suggested that equol induces apoptosis in SKOV-3 cells via a TRAIL and caspase 8-dependent pathway whereas paclitaxel leads to smaller apoptotic events when compared to that of equol. SKOV-3 cells (3 × 106/ 76 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2016; 11: 75-85 sample) were incubated with drugs for 4, 24, or 48 hours (IC50 concentrations) and after this period of time cells were briefly lysed. Keywords: apoptosis; assay; cancer; cells; dna; drugs; equol; figure; hours; level; ptx; results; skov-3; time; trail; treatment
• 5-Bromo-3-(3-hydroxyprop-1-ynyl)-2H-pyran-2-one targets prostate cancer cells by down-regulating inflammation-related genes by Wang, Zhao-Yang; Wang, Jun-Yong; Zhang, Jun; Zhang, Kai; Fan, Rui; Niu, Jun-Hao (2016) - The results revealed that BHP treatment in PC3 cells caused a significant reduction in the rate of cell proliferation in dose- and time-dependent manner. PC3 cells were grown in DMEM supplemented with 10% FBS and cultured in an incubator with humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2 at 37°C. Keywords: bhp; cancer; cells; concentration; expression; pc3; prostate; treatment
• Amrubicin therapy improves patients with refractory small-cell lung cancer: A single-arm confirmatory Chinese clinical study by Zheng, Mengli; Zhou, Naikang; Ma, Lianjun; Jin, Wenbo (2016) - Matsunaga Y, Hamada A, Okamoto I, Sasaki J, Moriyama E, Kishi H, Matsumoto M, Hira A, Watanabe H, Saito H. Pharmacokinetics of amrubicin and its active metabolite amrubicinol in lung cancer patients. A phase II study of amrubicin and carboplatin for previously untreated patients with extensive- disease small cell lung cancer. Keywords: amrubicin; cancer; cell; cell lung; grade; lung; lung cancer; patients; response; study; treatment
• Anti-tumor activity of cabozantinib by FAK down-regulation in human oral squamous cell carcinoma by Li, Da-Lu; Wei, Zhu-Liang; Zhang, Wen-Mei; Li, Zhi-Gang (2015) - We studied anti-cancer properties of cabozantinib in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. The results from this study revealed that cabozantinib can be useful in developing a drug for effective treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. Keywords: apoptosis; bhy; cabozantinib; cancer; cells; concentration; control; dmso; fak; hours; hsc-3; treatment
• Combination of axitinib and dasatinib for anti-cancer activities in two prostate cancer cell lines by Peng, Nai-Xiong; Liu, Chun-Xiao; Wang, Xi-Sheng; Zhang, Ze-Jian; Liao, Su-Cai (2015) - Axitinib and dasatinib combination lowered the survival rate of PPC-1 cells but enhanced the survival rate of TSU-Pr1 cells. 48 and 72 hours after administration of 20 mM of the equimolar concentration of axitinib and dasatinib, the viability of PPC-1 cells significantly decreased to 88 and 82% respectively (Figure 1). Keywords: apoptosis; axitinib; cancer; cells; dasatinib; expression; figure; ppc-1; pr1; prostate; treatment; tsu
• Antiproliferative activity of yellow pigment from forest soil Streptomyces sp SFA5 against breast cancer cell line MCF-7 by Ponnuswamy, Shekar; Kannaiyan, Sathishkumar; Venugopal, Gopikrishnan; Manikkam, Radhakrishnan (2015) - Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Volume: 10; Number 3; Year 2015 Cite this article as: Ponnuswamy S, Kannaiyan S, Venugopal G, Manikkam R. Antiproliferative activity of yellow pigment from forest soil Streptomyces sp SFA5 against breast cancer cell line MCF-7. Antiproliferative activity of crude pigment against breast cancer cell line MCF-7 was determined by MTT assay described by Carmichael et al., (1987). Keywords: cancer; cell; pigment
• Efficacy and safety of goserelin combined with adjuvant chemotherapy in premenopausal women with breast cancer by Wang, Yang; Zhu, Zheng Fei; Pan, Wei Jun; Xu, Zhe (2015) - The average number of cases in experimental group is 54.3, while the average number of cases in control group is 573.8; the research objects in both groups are premenopausal breast cancer patients. The result showed that goserelin combined with chemotherapy group can improve the survival rate and decrease the incidence of arthralgia in postmenopausal breast cancer patients, respectively, compared to the control group. Keywords: breast; breast cancer; cancer; chemotherapy; control; goserelin; group; patients; premenopausal; total; women; years
• Taraxerone triterpene inhibits cancer cell growth by inducing apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer cells by Ma, Xu-Chen; Dong, Shuo; Zhang, Shao-Yan; Jia, Ning; Ou, Song-Lei (2016) - Abstract The objective of the present study was to evaluate the anti-cancer effects of taraxerone in non-small cell lung cancer cells (A-549). Taraxerone triterpene inhibits cancer cell growth by inducing apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer cells Xu-Chen Ma, Shuo Dong, Shao-Yan Zhang, Ning Jia and Song-Lei Ou Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100 029, China. Keywords: a-549; apoptosis; cancer; cell; effects; figure; growth; hours; lung; taraxerone
• Acetoxyroyleanone exhibits selective anti-cancer effects and induces apoptosis in human colon carcinoma cells through the mediation of NF-kappaB and caspase-3 signalling pathways by Zhong, Xiao-Jun; Jia, Hui; Hu, Ji-Long; Le, Fei; Zhong, Xiao-Ming (2016) - It has been reported that abietane diterpenes are often reported to exhibit cyto- toxic effects on cancer cell lines. In vitro cytotoxic effect of acetoxyroyleanone against different human cancer cell lines In this study, in vitro inhibitory effect of acetoxyroyleanone was evaluated using the MTT viability assay against a range of cancer cell lines and IC50 after 48 hours was calculated. Keywords: acetoxyroyleanone; apoptosis; cancer; caspase-3; cell; colo-205; concentration; lines; migration
• Design and synthesis of triazolyl-napthyl derivative of ?-amyrin and its in vitro anti-cancer and apoptotic activities in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (HK-1) cell line by Li, Zhen; Ge, Hong-Zhou; Xie, Yong-Gang; Li, Shi (2016) - In literature we could not find reports on the anti-cancer activity of either alpha-amyrin or beta-amyrin or their derivatives against nasopharyngeal cancer cells and as such this report is the first such report on this cell line. First two authors contributed equally Conclusion TNB synthesized by using click chemistry approach, inhibit nasopharyngeal cancer cell (HK-1 cell line) growth by inducing apoptosis, chromatin condensation, DNA fragmentation and sub-G1 cell cycle arrest. Keywords: apoptosis; cancer; carcinoma; cells; cycle; derivative; dna; effect; hk-1; hours; tnb
• Alloimperatorin and its epoxide derivative exhibit in vitro antitumor activity in HL-60 acute myeloid leukemia cancer cells via inducing apoptosis, cell cycle disruption and inhibition of cell migration by Li, Hong; Chao, Xu; He, Chun-Ling; Wang, Xin-Mei; Liang, Man; Dong, Chang-Hu (2016) - Conventional chemotherapeutic agents like pacli- taxel and doxorubicin kill cancer cells by facilitating cell apoptosis or necrosis process. Finally the DNA content and cell cycle distri- bution was analyzed by flow cytometry. Keywords: alloimperatorin; apoptosis; cancer; cells; compound; cycle; epoxide; leukemia; migration
• Antitumor and apoptotic effects of bergaptol are mediated via mitochondrial death pathway and cell cycle arrest in human breast carcinoma cells by Ge, Zhi-Cheng; Qu, Xiang; Yu, He-Fen; Zhang, Hui-Ming; Wang, Zi-Han; Zhang, Zhong-Tao (2016) - Bergaptol induces cell apoptosis through mitochondrial pathway and caspase activation To examine whether bergaptol induces apoptosis through this mechanism in MCF-7 cells, we evaluated the expression of cytochrome c, the pro-apoptotic protein Bax, the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, cas- pase-3, caspase-9 and PARP by Western blot analysis. We next examined the apoptosis-related morphological effects caused by bergaptol in MCF-7 cancer cells using diamidine phenylindole dihrdrochloride (DAPI) stain- ing involving fluorescence microscopy. Keywords: apoptosis; bergaptol; breast; cancer; cells; control; cycle; effects; mcf-7
• Oxypeucedanin hydrate monoacetate isolated from Angelica dahurica induces apoptosis in Caco-2 colon carcinoma cells through the mediation of PI3K-signalling pathway and inhibition of cancer cell migration by Liu, Yu; Peng, Tian-Shu; Hu, Xiang-Dang; Li, Shuai-Jun; He, Yong-Heng; Hu, Fan; Jiang, Jinbo (2016) - Results Anti-tumor activity against Caco-2 colon cancer cells MTT assay revealed that oxypeucedanin hydrate mono- acetate showed a potent growth inhibitory effect on the proliferation of Caco-2 cancer cells with IC50 values 36.4, 42.1 and 46.3 µM at 72, 48 and 24 hours time intervals respectively. It follows therefore, agents which can manage these above mentioned defects could as potential chemotherapeutic agents in controlling the growth of colon cancer cells. Keywords: apoptosis; assay; caco-2; cancer; cells; colon; compound; hours; hydrate; migration; monoacetate; oxypeucedanin
• Plumericin inhibits the viability of cervical cancer cells by induction of apoptosis through degradation of DNA structure by Sun, Jing; Wu, Jing; Zhang, Li; Wan, Qi-Yue; Wang, Li-Ci; Liu, Yao-Yang; Wang, Rong-Mei; Sun, De-Qing (2016) - Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Research Article Plumericin inhibits the viability of Plumericin inhibits the viability of Plumericin inhibits the viability of cervical cancer cells by induction of cervical cancer cells by induction of cervical cancer cells by induction of apoptosis through degradation of apoptosis through degradation of apoptosis through degradation of DNA structure DNA structure DNA structure BJP Introduction Cervical cancer rate has shown increasing trend in the women of young age and comprises the second frequ- ently detected cancer in females throughout the globe (Phongsavan et al., 2010; Wang et al., 2010). Plumericin inhibits the viability of cervical cancer cells by induction of apoptosis through degradation of DNA structure. Keywords: apoptosis; bu25tk; cancer; cells; dna; hela; plumericin; treatment; viability
• Assessment of dual inhibitory activity of epifriedelanol isolated from Cayratia trifolia against ovarian cancer by Perumal, Palanisamy Chella; Sowmya, Sundaram; Velmurugan, Devadasan; Sivaraman, Thirunavukkarasu; Gopalakrishnan, Velliyur Kanniappan (2016) - However, compounds depicting anti-ovarian cancer activities from this plant source have not yet been identified and structurally characterized till date. It has been reported to contain huge amount of bioactive compounds such as A Journal of the Bangladesh Pharmacological Society (BDPS) Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2016; 11: 545-551 Journal homepage: www.banglajol.info Abstracted/indexed in Academic Search Complete, Asia Journals Online, Bangladesh Journals Online, Biological Abstracts, BIOSIS Previews, CAB Abstracts, Current Abstracts, Directory of Open Access Journals, EMBASE/Excerpta Medica, Google Scholar, HINARI (WHO), International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, Open J-gate, Science Citation Index Expanded, SCOPUS and Social Sciences Citation Index; ISSN: Keywords: cancer; carboplatin; compound; cyclohexane; docking; epifriedelanol; extract; glide; ring; structure; trifolia
• Anti-cancer activity of midostaurin in hormone refractory human prostate cancer DU145 cells by Sun, Jin-Jun; Kan, Shi-Feng; Sun, Guan-Xing (2016) - Midostaurin (100 nM) suppressed the growth of DU145 cells but without change in the number of dead cells. Midostaurin started to extend neurites on DU145 cells after 24 hours and differentiated into nerve cells by 72 hours. Keywords: cancer; cells; differentiation; du145; midostaurin; prostate; protein; usa
• Role of microRNA miR-34a in liver cancer stem cells by Gong, Lu-Lu; Yang, Shu-Li; Zhang, Guo-Feng; Wu, Jia-Chengi; Lin, Rui-Xin (2016) - The data correlates with the immunohistochemistry analysis and reveals that the sample obtained from the cancer patients contain liver cancer cells and obviously liver cancer stem cells. The present research focuses on the role of microRNA miR-34a in liver cancer stem cells. Keywords: cancer; cd90; cells; liver; mir-34a; samples; stem; tissue
• Trifluoromethyl-phenyl-triazolyl derivative of beta-bisabolol induces cell death in ME-180 cervical cancer cells through induction of apoptosis and ROS generation by Hu, Shu-Hong; Yu, Hui; Gong, Xue-Qin; Zhang, Ying-Hong (2015) - Cancer cell colony inhibition assay The colony formation by cancer cells in soft agar is an excellent and sensitive test to evaluate cell viability and cytotoxic potential. Trifluoromethyl-phenyl-triazolyl derivative of beta-bisabolol induces cell death in ME-180 cervical cancer cells through induction of apoptosis and ROS generation Shu-Hong Hu, Hui Yu, Xue-Qin Gong and Ying-Hong Zhang Department of Obstetrics, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Shandong 264 000, P. R. China. Keywords: apoptosis; beta; bisabolol; cancer; cells; hours; me-180; ros; triazolyl; ttb
• miRNA-486 and miRNA-499 in human plasma evaluate the clinical stages of lung cancer and play a role as a tumor suppressor in lung tumorigeneisis not pathogenesis by Jia, Youchao; Zang, Aimin; Feng, Yanguang; Li, Xiao-Fang; Zhang, Ke; Li, Hefei; Wang, Ruiyao; Wei, Yaning; Huo, Ran (2016) - The expression of miRNA- 499 and miRNA-486 in lung cancer patients were up-regulated, and might be closely related to the occurrence and prognosis of lung cancer, and might be used as potential screening and prognosis index for lung cancer. Abstract It was aimed to explore the expression level of miRNA-486 and miRNA-499 in the plasma of lung cancer patients and analysis their differences in expre- ssion. Keywords: cancer; expression; lung; lung cancer; mir-486; mir-499; mirna-486; nsclc; patients; plasma; stage; tumor
• Eriodictyol-induced anti-cancer and apoptotic effects in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells are associated with cell cycle arrest and modulation of apoptosis-related proteins by Wang, Fang; Wang, Yu-Hang; Wang, Jing-Jing; Xu, He-Lin; Wang, Chang-Miao (2016) - Figure 3 shows the cytotoxic effect of eriodictyol against AML12 normal liver hepatocyte cells which reveals that the compound showed very less cytotoxicity against normal cells indicating that eriodictyol is a selective cytotoxic agent against cancer cells. The present study indicates that eriodictyol at almost all doses selectively targets cancer cells without causing too much damage to AML12 normal liver hepatocyte cells. Keywords: apoptosis; cancer; cells; cycle; eriodictyol; hep; liver
• COX-2 expression correlation with invasion in human breast carcinomas and in cell line MDA-MB-231 in vitro by Wang, Gang-Ping; Chen, Ying; An, Bai-Li; Zhao, Ying; Sui, Bei-Bei; Min, Peng-Xiang; Zhao, Yun; Liang, Yun-Ai; Zhao, Yi-Nuo (2016) - The role for COX-2 on breast cancer is not fully clear, and studies have shown that the proliferation and metastasis of breast cancer cells is a very complex, multistep process, affected by various factors including genetic and so on (Miglietta et al., 2010; Yu et al., 2014). Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2016; 11: S43-S54 S49 studies have shown that the proliferation and metastasis of breast cancer cells is a very complex, multistep process, affected by various factors including the common role of environmental, genetic and so on (Sueoka et al., 2013). Keywords: breast; breast cancer; cancer; cells; cox-2; et al; expression; invasion; mb-231; mda; metastasis; patients; results; rna; study; survival; tumor; vegf
• Daucosterol inhibits colon cancer growth by inducing apoptosis, inhibiting cell migration and invasion and targeting caspase signalling pathway by Wang, Gui-Qi; Gu, Jing-Feng; Gao, Ying-Chao; Dai, Yong-Jun (2016) - Further since cell migration and cell invasion are two key parameters of cancerous cells, it was seen in the present study that daucosterol is a potent inhibitor of cell migration and cell invasion indicating its ability to restrict cancer cells within a specified range. Invasion of cancer cells into neigh- boring tissue and the vasculature is a primary step in tumor metastasis. Keywords: apoptosis; cancer; cells; colon; control; daucosterol; hct-116; invasion; migration
• Cyclooxygenase-2 expression and its association with vascular endothelial growth factor, microvessel density and clinicopathologic characteristics of colorectal carcinoma by Qin, Zhao-Yang; Guo, Xiao-Yan; Xu, Jing-Zhong; Wang, Gang-Ping (2016) - The expressions of COX-2 in different groups were shown in Table I. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed COX-2 expression in CRC tissue was significantly higher than that in dysplasia and normal colorectal mucosa specimens (p<0.05). COX-2 expression was detected by means of immunohistochemistry in a series of human tissue samples with CRC (n = 120), dysplasia tissue closely adjacent to carcinomas (n = 40) and normal colorectal mucosa (n = 40), and their expressions association with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), CD31-labeled micorvessel density (MVD) in CRC and other clinicopathologic characteristics were investigated. Keywords: cancer; cox-2; crc; expression; groups; metastasis; mvd; patients; tumor
• EGR1, EGFR and IGF1R protein expressions in non-small cell lung cancer and their clinical significances by Yu, Dujuan; Tan, Ping; Yu, Min; Shi, Shaomin; Wang, Xue (2016) - EGFR protein expression was correlated with the pathological subtype, pathological stage and smoking history. Data are given as correlation coefficient (p value), and ap<0.05 indicates statistically significant difference Figure 3: Survival analysis of lung cancer biomarkers in NSCLC Note: Kaplain-Meier test and log-rank test was used to evaluate how the NSCLC survival was impacted by the overexpression of biomarkers EGR1, EGFR and IGF1R in tumor tissues, or the overexpression of pErk and pAkt in paracancer tissues EGFR protein expression was correlated with the pathological subtype, pathological stage and smoking history, but was not correlated with survival. Keywords: cancer; cell; egfr; egr1; expression; igf1r; lung; nsclc; protein; tissues
• Artemisinic acid exhibits antitumor activity in MCF-7 breast cancer cells through the inhibition of angiogenesis, VEGF, m-TOR and AKT signalling pathways by Cui, Yan; Ren, Hui; Li, Hao-Chang; Wang, Quan-Shi (2016) - Artemisinic acid decreased 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 (Control) 5 10 25 50 100 150 % o f c el l d ea th Concentration of artemisinic acid (µM) A B Figure 1: A) Cytotoxic effect of artemisinic acid in human breast cancer cells (MCF-7). Keywords: acid; akt; angiogenesis; artemisinic; assay; cancer; cells; pathways; tumor; vegf
• 18alpha-Glycyrrhetinic acid inhibits the viability of HR5-CL11 cervical carcinoma cells through induction of apoptosis and DNA damage by Zhuang, Hong-Mei; Hu, Xiao; Hong, Shu-Rong; Zhou, Ping-Ping; Zhang, Yu; Li, Ling (2016) - In the present study, the effect of 18α-glycyrrhetinic acid on cervical cancer cells along with the mechanism was investigated. It was observed that treatment of cervical cancer cells with 18α-glycyrrhetinic acid inhibited cell viability, induced DNA damage and apoptosis. Keywords: 18α; acid; apoptosis; cancer; cells; cl11; dna; hours; hr5; treatment
• Bryostatin I inhibits growth of breast cancer cells through the inhibition of synuclein-A expression by Sun, Jun-Xia; Yan, Yan; Xia, Jian-Hong; Zhou, Li-Qing (2016) - H3922 breast cancer cells that were treated with various concentrations of bryostatin I for 48 hours. Results Bryostatin I inhibits expression of synuclein-A Bryostatin I treatment of H3922 breast cancer cells led to the inhibition of synuclein-A expression in a concentration dependent manner. Keywords: breast; bryostatin; cancer; cells; concentration; expression; h3922; synuclein; treatment
• Ludartin treatment exhibits promising inhibitory effect on the epithelial ovarian cancer growth and metastasis by Bai, Lin; Wang, Hui; Zhang, Luo-Ying; Wang, Ai-Hua; Bai, Jie (2016) - Thus, ludartin treatment inhibits the proliferation, invasion and migration of ovarian cancer cells through down-regulation of pFAK and MMPs, therefore can be used for the treatment of ovarian cancer. Discussion The present study shows that ludartin treatment inhibi- ted the proliferation and reduced adhesive, invasive and migration potential of ovarian cancer cells through inhibition of p-FAK and MMP-9 expression. Keywords: cancer; cells; control; hours; ludartin; ovcar5; rats; treatment
• Floroquinone induces apoptosis and inhibits carcinoma growth in mouse tumor xenograft model of anaplastic thyroid cancer by Zhao, Li-Na; Chen, Li-Bo; Hao, Xiu-Hua; Hu, Zhang; Zhang, Jing; Zhang, Chun-Hai (2016) - The present study demonstrates the effect of floroquinone on the growth of thyroid cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion Floroquinone exhibits promising inhibitory effect on the growth and metastasis of thyroid cancer cells. Keywords: apoptosis; cancer; cells; expression; floroquinone; growth; hothc; thyroid; treatment; tumor
• Zerumbone inhibits prostate cancer cell viability and induces cell death by non-apoptotic pathway by Cao, Xian-De; Zheng, Hui-Min (2016) - Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Research Article BJP Zerumbone inhibits prostate cancer Zerumbone inhibits prostate cancer Zerumbone inhibits prostate cancer cell viability and induces cell death cell viability and induces cell death cell viability and induces cell death by nonby nonby non---apoptotic pathwayapoptotic pathwayapoptotic pathway Introduction Prostate carcinoma at present is one among the common causes of cancer related deaths in males throughout the world. Furthermore, zerumbone treatment has been shown to induce expression of tumor necrosis factor-α, enhance the secretion of oxygen free radicals in cancer cells (Murakami et al., 2002; Sung et al., 2008; Takada et al., 2005). Keywords: cancer; cells; death; du-145; prostate; treatment; zerumbone
• Lactucin induces potent anti-cancer effects in HL-60 human leukemia cancer cells by inducing apoptosis and sub-G1 cell cycle arrest by Zhang, Fu-Hua; Yan, Yu-Ling; Wang, Ying; Liu, Zhen (2016) - The key feature of lactucin treated cells was the advent of vacuoles in the cytoplasm and their number which increased with increasing lactucin dose. Phase contrast microscopy for morphological evaluation (Video Clips 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ) HL-60 human leukemia cancer cells were trypsinized followed by centrifugation at 12,000 rpm. Keywords: apoptosis; cancer; cells; effects; human; lactucin; leukemia
• Nuclear shuttling of Y Box binding protein-1, its clinical relevance in cancer and as a therapeutic target by Gunasekaran, Vinoth Prasanna; Nishi, Kumari; Ravikumar, Vilwanathan; Mathan, Ganeshan (2016) - The overexpression of YB-1 in cancer cells is an important biomarker for clinical outcome of the cancer patients and to an extrapolation it is assumed that the appearance of YB-1 in cell nuclei or its increased content in adjoining tissues of tumor is an indication of the aggressiveness and advanced stages as suggested by many cancer studies (Ha et al., 2015). Augmented focal adhesion kinase expression has been stated in many tumors like colon, ovary and breast cancers and its inhibition sensitizes cancer cells to chemotherapy (Owens et al., 1995). Keywords: activation; akt; bangladesh; binding; biol; box; brain; breast; breast cancer; cancer; cancer cells; carcinoma; cell; dna; domain; e t; et al; expression; factor; gene; growth; human; inhibition; kinase; lines; metastasis; nuclear; overexpression; p53; patients; pharmacol; phosphorylation; progression; prostate; protein; receptor; resistance; role; stat3; studies; study; survival; target; tumor; wang; yb-1
• 5-Methoxyhydnocarpin shows selective anti-cancer effects and induces apoptosis in THP-1 human leukemia cancer cells via mitochondrial disruption, suppression of cell migration and invasion and cell cycle arrest by Xu, Xiao-Yan; Wang, Hui-Rui; Guo, Shu-Li; Li, Bo; Lv, Tao (2016) - Cancer cells are reported to escape the apoptotic cell suicide through the mediation of various genetic and epigenetic alterations. MTT cell proliferation assay Human leukemia cancer cells (THP-1) were seeded at a density of 2 x 105 cells per well in a 96-well culture plates. Keywords: assay; cancer; cells; effects; human; leukemia; methoxyhydnocarpin; mhc; migration; thp-1
• Corosolic acid induces potent anti-cancer effects in CaSki cervical cancer cells through the induction of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and PI3K/Akt signalling pathway by Xu, Yong Qian; Zhang, Jian Hai; Yang, Xing Sheng (2016) - Cytotoxicity was expressed as the concentration of corosolic acid inhibiting cell growth by 50% (IC50 value). Several natural products are known to induce apoptosis in a wide variety of cancer cells. Keywords: acid; akt; anti; apoptosis; cancer; caski; cells; corosolic; hours; pi3k
• Cross-cell DNA methylation annotation and analysis for pan-cancer study by Tang, Binhua; Zhu, Weiliang; Wu, Changping (2016) - In coming days, further annotation and analysis results concerning pan-cancer analysis will be updated into the knowledgebase, especially we seek to provide an interactive environment for biomedical researchers to fetch and utilize this knowledgebase. Cross-cell DNA methylation annotation and analysis for pan-cancer study Binhua Tang1,2,3, Weiliang Zhu4 and Changping Wu4 1Epigenetics and Function Group, College of the Internet of Things, Hohai University, Jiangsu 213 022, China; 2School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200 225, China; 3CBMI, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02 115, USA; 4The Third Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Jiangsu 213 003, China. http://www.bioxbio.com/if/html/BANGL-J-PHARMACOL.html http://www.asiajol.info/index.php/record/view/50672 Structure and Purpose of DMAK DMAK contains three levels of curated information across multiple cell types from ENCODE Consortium portal (de Souza, 2012; Pennisi, 2012; Tang and Wang, 2015; The ENCODE Project Consortium, 2012). Keywords: analysis; annotation; cancer; cell; dmrs; dna; figure; genes; hypo; information; methylation; reference; results
• Antiproliferative and apoptotic effects of quinine in human Hep-2 laryngeal cancer and KB oral cancer cell by Krishnaveni, Marimuthu; Suresh, Kathiresan; Arunkumar, Ramu (2016) - Zhang H, Li X, Zhang Y, Luan X. Luteolin induces apoptosis by activating Fas signaling pathway at the receptor level in laryngeal squamous cell line Hep-2 cells. Mitochondrial membrane potential Changes of mitochondrial membrane potential in Hep-2 and KB cells were observed when treated with quinine (Figures 2). Keywords: anti; apoptosis; cancer; cells; expression; p53; quinine
• Evaluation of the anti-cancer potential of Mahonia aquifolium extracts via apoptosis and anti-angiogenesis by Damjanovic, Ana Damjanovic; Zdunic, Gordana; Savikin, Katarina; Mandic, Boris; Jadranin, Milka; Matic, Ivana Z.; Stanojkovic, Tatjana P. (2016) - These results were confirmed with cell cycle analysis, where there was accumulation of cancer cells in the subG1 phase. The formation of new blood vessels is very important for the metastatic spread of cancer tissue and the new vascular network ensures supplying of cancer cells with oxygen and nutrients. Keywords: anti; aquifolium; berberine; cancer; cells; effects; et al; ethanol; extracts; hela; hours; mahonia; water
• Systematic review and meta-analysis of shenqi fuzheng and chemotherapy combination in the treatment of breast cancer by Li, Ying; Han, Na; Chen, Zhuo; Li, Xing (2016) - Table I Baseline characteristics of the eligible trials Reference Randomi- zation Allocation concealment Form of double-blind Loss of imitation and exit cases ITT analysis Baseline Cochrane score Xiao et al., 2005 Mention Unclear Unclear Unclear Unclear Yes C Chen et al., 2007 Mention Unclear Unclear Unclear Unclear Yes C Xu et al., 2010 Mention Unclear Unclear Unclear Unclear Yes C Chen et al., 2010 Mention Unclear Unclear Unclear Unclear Yes C Yuan et al., 2008 Random number Unclear Unclear Unclear Unclear Pu Z, Yuan X, Zhang X, Chen Q, Xie H. Meta-analysis on the association between CYP2D6*10 gene polymorphism and disease free survival of breast cancer patients receiving tamoxifen treatment in Asia. Keywords: breast; breast cancer; cancer; chemotherapy; days; et al; fuzheng; injection; patients; shenqi; treatment
• Lapatinib, trastuzumab or the combination added to neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer by Liang, Quan; Fu, Qiang; Li, Wei; You, Jiacong; Zhao, Zhanchao (2016) - Abstract The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of trastuzumab versus the combination of trastuzumab and lapatinib added to neo- adjuvant chemotherapy for HER2 positive breast cancer. Trastuzumab in breast cancer neoadjuvant therapy (Gianni et al., 2011) and adjuvant therapy (Viani et al., 2007) and metastasis of breast cancer (Harris et al., 2011) can make patients benefit from this has now been confirmed. Keywords: breast; breast cancer; cancer; chemotherapy; her2; lapatinib; neoadjuvant; risk; study; trastuzumab
• Caryophyllene oxide exhibits anti-cancer effects in MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells via the inhibition of cell migration, generation of reactive oxygen species and induction of apoptosis by Pan, Zheng; Wang, Shuan-Ke; Cheng, Xiao-Li; Tian, Xia-Wei; Wang, Jing (2016) - The effect of caryophyllene oxide on the ROS generation in MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells was studied using flow cytometry using 2'-7'-dichloro- Figure 1: Cytotoxic effect of caryophyllene oxide in human osteosarcoma cells (MG-63) at different doses. Cell proliferation assay using MTT (Video Clip) MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells were seeded in a 96- well plates at 2 × 106 cells per well. Keywords: apoptosis; bangladesh; cancer; caryophyllene; cells; mg-63; migration; osteosarcoma; oxide
• Antitumor effects of iridomyrmecin in HeLa cervical cancer cells are mediated via apoptosis induction, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, cell cycle arrest and down-regulation of PI3K/Akt and up-regulation of lncRNA CCAT2 expression by Lin, Li; Cheng, Xiao-Ling; Li, Ming-Zhe; Wang, Tao; Dong, Min-Hai; Wang, Zhen-Yu; Liao, Min (2016) - As shown in Figure 6, after normalization to GAPDH expression levels, the expression level of lncRNA CCAT2 in cervical cancer cells treated with iridomyrmecin was significantly higher than that in adjacent non-tumor tissues as well as cancer tissues without any drug treatment. Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Research Article Antitumor effects of iridomyrmecin in Antitumor effects of iridomyrmecin in Antitumor effects of iridomyrmecin in HeLa cervical cancer cells are mediat-HeLa cervical cancer cells are mediat-HeLa cervical cancer cells are mediat- ed via apoptosis induction, loss of mi-ed via apoptosis induction, loss of mi-ed via apoptosis induction, loss of mi- tochondrial membrane potential, cell tochondrial membrane potential, cell tochondrial membrane potential, cell cycle arrest and downcycle arrest and downcycle arrest and down---regulation of regulation of regulation of PI3K/Akt and upPI3K/Akt and upPI3K/Akt and up---regulation of lncRNA regulation of lncRNA regulation of lncRNA CCAT2 expressionCCAT2 expressionCCAT2 expression BJP Introduction China represents one of the few countries with a very high occurrence of cervical cancer and is accountable for more than 45% of all the new cases diagnosed globally. Keywords: akt; apoptosis; cancer; cells; hela; human; iridomyrmecin; loss; pi3k; potential; regulation
• Antitumor activity, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction in human colon cancer cell line by Primula macrophylla extracts by Shou, Di-Wen; Zheng, Yue-Lin (2017) - Treatment of Colo-205 cells with different concentration of extract (0-80 μg/mL) significantly increased the side-scattering (SSC) pro- file due to increased cellular granularity because of chromatin fragmentation and significant decrease in forward-scattering (FSC) profile due to shrinkage of cells 250 200 150 100 50 0 S S C - A 0 µg/mL 250 200 150 100 50 0 S S C - A 10 µg/mL 250 200 150 100 50 0 S S C - A 20 µg/mL 250 200 150 100 50 0 S S C - A 40 µg/mL 101 102 103 104 105 250 200 150 100 50 0 S S C - A FSC-A 80 µg/mL Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2017; 12: 101-106 103 Figure 2: Methanol extract of P. macrophylla induced cell cycle arrest in COLO-205 cells at G0/G1 phase of cell cycle. Effect on dot-blot light scattering One of the important characteristics of any anti-cancer drug is the inhibition of cell growth proliferation and apoptosis induction in cancer cells (Lowe and Lin, 2000). Keywords: apoptosis; cancer; cells; colo-205; cycle; extract; macrophylla; methanol
• Syringin exhibits anticancer effects in HeLa human cervical cancer cells by inducing apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and inhibition of cell migration by Xia, Ning (2016) - Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2016; 11: 838-843 839 https://youtube.com/v/fnWR51P-BKg Results Anti-proliferative effects in HeLa cervical cancer cells The molecular structure of syringin molecule is shown in Figure 1A while as the anti-proliferative effects of the compound were assessed by MTT assay are shown in Figure Colony formation in HeLa cells The results indicate that syringin inhibits the colony formation in HeLa cervical cancer cells in a dose- dependent manner (Figure 2). Keywords: apoptosis; cancer; cells; dose; effects; hela; migration; syringin
• Anti-cancer effect of Atractylodes macrocephala extract by double induction of apoptotic and autophagic cell death in head and neck cancer cells by Kou, Ni; Cho, Hyejoung; Kim, Hye-Eun; Sun, Qiaochu; Ahn, Kyuhyeon; Ji, Hyeongjoon; Choi, Hongran; Kim, Okjoon (2017) - Both cell apoptosis and autophagy are effective and secure methods ensuring a reduction in the number of cancer cells. Chemotherapy and irradiation, which are used to treat cancer, induce apoptosis and decrease the number of cancer cells. Keywords: apoptosis; autophagy; cancer; cells; death; extract; head; hours; macrocephala; neck; pathway
• Enhanced cytotoxic potential of Orthosiphon stamineus extract in MCF-7 cells through suppression of nucleolin and bcl2 by Saravanan, Renuka; Pemaiah, Brindha; Sridharan, Sriram; Narayanan, Mahesh; Ramalingam, Sivakumar (2017) - Fluorescence microscopy analysis of nuclear fragmen- tation Fluorescence microscopy images of MCF-7 cancer cells in the absence and presence of compounds are shown in Figure 4. Expression level of nucleolin, bcl2, cytochrome c and bax in MCF-7 cell extract treated with different concentration of ethyl acetate extract of O. stamineus (A); Graphical representation of expression level of nucleolin, bcl2, cytochrome c Keywords: acetate; acid; bax; bcl2; cancer; cells; cytochrome; ethyl; extract; fractions; mcf-7; nucleolin; stamineus
• Centipede Scolopendra suppresses cell growth in human epidermoid carcinoma cell A431 by Zheng, Lei; He, Hao; Shen, Xuji; Sun, Yanping (2017) - Migration and invasion potential of A431 cells were examined by wound-healing assays and matrigel invasion chamber assays. Colony formation assay A431 cells were plated in 6-well plates (100 cells per well). Keywords: a431; a431 cells; cancer; cells; concentrations; control; cse; egfr; expression; figure; growth; hours; migration
• Cytotoxicity of endophytic fungus Chaetomium cupreum from the plant Mussaenda luteola against breast cancer cell line MCF-7 by Shylaja, Gunasekaran; Sathiavelu, Arunachalam (2017) - Phongpaichit S, Nikom J, Rungjindamai N, Sakayaroj J, Towatana NH, Rukachaisirikul V, Kirtikara K. Biological activities of extracts from endophytic fungi isolated from Garcinia plants. Torreyanic acid from the endophyte Pestalotiopsis microspora of T. taxifolia which showed more potency against many cancer cell lines by inhibiting the protein A Journal of the Bangladesh Pharmacological Society (BDPS) Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2017; 12: 373-375 Journal homepage: www.banglajol.info Abstracted/indexed in Academic Search Complete, Agroforestry Abstracts, Asia Journals Online, Bangladesh Journals Online, Biological Abstracts, BIOSIS Previews, CAB Abstracts, Current Abstracts, Directory of Open Access Journals, EMBASE/Excerpta Medica, Global Health, Google Scholar, HINARI (WHO), International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, Open J-gate, Science Citation Index Expanded, SCOPUS and Social Sciences Citation Index ISSN: 1991-0088; DOI: 10.3329/bjp.v12i4.33596 Letter to the Editor Keywords: cancer; cell; endophytic; plant
• Role of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 and NF-kappaB as potential risk factor in the development of non-small cell lung cancer in Chinese individuals by Chen, Anguo; Yu, Zaicheng; Zhang, Renquan; Zhao, Qihong; Ge, Jianjun (2018) - Role of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 and NF-kappaB as potential risk factor in the development of non-small cell lung cancer in Chinese individuals $QJXR�&KHQ���=DLFKHQJ�Keywords: cancer; cell; cell lung; lung; lung cancer; parp-1; study; � $qkxl; � ri; � �
• Association between SLCO1B3 gene polymorphism and prostate cancer risk: A meta-analytic study by Shen, Qunshan; Liang, Yu; Li, Haibo; Chen, Mei; Zhang, Jun; Feng, Pengcheng; Meng, Jie; Yu, Haiyun (2018) - However, the 5- year survival of prostate cancer patient with distant metastasis has decreased to 29%. 2 or 5 years risk free symptoms (RFS) of prostate cancer patient with SLCO1B3 (rs4149117, GG) was markedly higher than that of SLCO1B3 (rs4149117, TT/TG) Keywords: cancer; et al; prostate cancer; rfs; risk; rr=; rs4149117; slco1b3; years
• Lycorine inhibits MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion that are associated with Wnt/β-catenin signaling by Chen, Xia-Liang (2018) - The chemotactic motility and metastasis of breast cancer cells were suppressed by lycorine. d In va si on c el l n um - be rs p er fi el d 194 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2018; 13: 192-195 Author Info Xia Liang Chen (Principal contact) e-mail: cxl0606@zju.edu.cn Ziziphus jujube shows anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects in breast MCF-7 cancer cells which is associated with enhanced expression of Bax and decreased Bcl2 gene leading to time-dependent increase in the Bax/Bcl -2 ratio (Abedini et al., 2016). Keywords: breast; cancer; cells; invasion; lycorine; mb-231; mda; signaling
• Acroptilon repens induces apoptosis in human breast adenocarcinoma by Mosaddegh, Mahmoud; Irani, Mahboobeh; Hamzeloo-Moghadam, Maryam (2018) - Mostafapour Kandelous H, Salimi M, Khori V, Rastkari N, Amanzadeh A, Salimi M. Mitochondrial apoptosis induced by Chamaemelum nobile extract in breast cancer cells. They can be beneficial to human health and prevent cancer and suppress tumor growth through cell death pathways including apoptosis in cancer cells (Fulda, 2010). Keywords: apoptosis; breast; cancer; cells; extract; mb-468; mcf-7; mda; repens
• Effect of Solanum melongena peel extract in the treatment of arsenic-induced Bowen’s disease by Sarah, Quazi Sahely; Misbahuddin, Mir (2018) - After topical application of S. melongena peel extract containing ointment for 12 weeks, the percentage of reduction was statistically significant. This is the first study showing the effect of topical application of S. melongena peel extract in the treatment of arsenic-induced Bowen’s disease. Keywords: arsenic; bowen; cancer; disease; extract; melongena; patient; peel; study; treatment
• Phytochemical characterization and cancer cell line cytotoxicity of Clitoria ternatea by Deepika, Subramanyam; Selvaraj, Immanuel; Anbalagan, Moorthy (2018) - I Identification of phytochemicals from Clitoria ternatea extracts by various standard tests Petroleum ether Chloroform Ethyl acetate Methanol Aqueous Leaf Fruit Leaf Fruit Leaf Fruit Leaf Fruit Leaf Fruit Carbohydrate Fehling's test + + + + + + + + + + Molisch's test - + + + - - + + + - Protein Ninhydrin - + - - - + - + - + Biuret - - + + - - - - - + Phenols Ferric chloride - - - - + - - - - + Lead acetate - + - - - - - + + + Flavonoid - + + + + - - + + - Glycoside Salkowski's test + + - - + + - - - - Keller Kilani test - + - + - + + + + + Steroid - - + - - + - + + + Terpenoid - + - - - - - + - - Alkaloid Mayer's - + - + - - + - + + Wagner's - - - + - - - + - + Hager's + - - + - - - + + + “+” means present; “-” means absent Jasco V-670 (Japan) spectrophotometer to detect a specific wavelength of the available phytochemicals (data not shown). Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Volume: 13; Number 4; Year 2018 Cite this article as: Deepika S, Selvaraj CI, Anbalagan M. Phytochemical characterization and cancer cell line cyto- toxicity of Clitoria ternatea. Keywords: cancer; clitoria; extract; fruit; leaf; ternatea
• A potential estrogen receptor inhibitor compound 34 induces apoptosis via ROS-independent intrinsic apoptosis in MCF-7 cells by Ding, Ruru; Zhu, Ziying; Teng, Mengting; Ma, Lin; Hu, Jiaying; Hu, Jiangbiao; Zhang, Peng (2019) - NS means no statistical significance, p>0.05 Figure 6: Compound 34 decreased MCF-7 cells migration (A) Images of the wound healing ability of MCF-7 cells treated with compound 34 at 0.6 µg/mL for 6 and 24 hours. Furthermore, this is the first time we demonstrated that compound 34 can induce MCF-7 cell apoptosis via ROS-independent intrinsic apoptosis pathway and interacting with ERα. Keywords: apoptosis; breast; cancer; cells; compound; estrogen; figure; hours; mcf-7; mcf-7 cells; membrane; potential; receptor; ros
• Effect of capecitabine on breast cancer patients with different estrogen receptor status by Xu, Gang; Lv, Xin; Lu, Ke; Shen, Ming Hai; Zhang, Qing Hua; Pan, Wan Neng (2020) - In the 12th St. Gallen Interna- tional Breast Cancer Conference, a new approach to the classification of breast cancer patients according to intrinsic biological subtypes has been adopted by an expert panel. Abstract This meta-analysis is to compare the efficacy of capecitabine versus non- capecitabine chemotherapy on breast cancer patients with different estrogen receptor status. Keywords: breast; cancer; capecitabine; et al; u p
• Anti-cancer effect of naringin in human lung carcinoma cell line by Ayyakkannu, Purushothaman; Yahyah, Showket ; Packirisamy, Meenatchi ; Paranthaman, Subramanian Rajasekaran (2023) - As shown in Figure 2 naringin induced DNA fragmentation on lung cancer cell lines. Also pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic proteins’ expression pattern are analyzed in the present study on A549 lung cancer cell lines in vitro. Keywords: a549; cancer; cell; dna; figure; lung; naringin
• Anti-cancer agents from medicinal plants by Shoeb, Mohammad (2006) - Anti-cancer agents from medicinal plants Mohammad Shoeb Department of Chemistry, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. However, further investigations are necessary for their use as anti-cancer agents. Keywords: agents; bangladesh; cancer; cragg; newman; ome; plants; treatment
• Effects of ondansetron alone and in combination with domperidone in the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in breast cancer patients by Gupta, Kaberi Das; Hossain, A. K. M. Mosharrof; Jaigirdar, Abdur Raquib; Uddin, Borhan; Choudhury, Tridiv; Saha, Dipti Rani (2007) - Abstract The efficacy and safety of ondansetron, administered alone and in combination with domperidone to prevent chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting of breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy FAC regimen (5-fluorouracil, adriamycin and cyclophosphamide) were evaluated. Effects of ondansetron alone and in combination with domperidone in the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in breast cancer patients Kaberi Das Gupta1, A. K. M. Mosharrof Hossain1, Abdur Raquib Jaigirdar2, Borhan Uddin1, Tridiv Choudhury2 and Dipti Rani Saha1 1Department of Pharmacology, Sylhet M. A. G. Osmani Medical College, Sylhet 3100; 2Department of Radiotherapy, Sylhet M. A. G. Osmani Medical College, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh. Keywords: appetite; cancer; chemotherapy; domperidone; nausea; ondansetron; patients; vomiting
• Serum iron concentration and total iron binding capacity in patients of oral squamous cell carcinoma by Hossain, Shakhawat; Molla, Motiur Rahman; Akhter, Mahmuda (2007) - Level of serum iron, ferritin, total iron binding capacity (TIBC) and transferrin saturation are the important diagnostic measures of iron deficiency (Hepplestone and Pippard, 1996; Dallman et al., 1980; Dallman and Reeves, 1984). So, TIBC has a relation with OSCC like serum iron. Keywords: bangladesh; cancer; iron; level; patients; serum; study; tibc
• Expression of HOXC10 gene regulates the growth and invasion of prostate cancer cells by Song, Hongmei; Ye, Xuxiao; Liang, Tao; Yan, Dongliang; Li, Zuowei (2021) - The transwell assay showed that HOXC10 significantly (p<0.05) inhibits the invasion of prostate cancer cells. Expression of HOXC10 gene regulates the growth and invasion of prostate cancer cells Hongmei Song1, Xuxiao Ye2, Tao Liang2, Dongliang Yan2 and Zuowei Li2 Department of 1Interventional Radiology and 2Urology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Science, Shanghai 201306, China. Keywords: cancer; cells; du145; erk; gene; hoxc10; lines; mek; prostate; prostate cancer
• Bufalin inhibits the growth and epithelial to mesenchymal transition of human gastric cancer cells via modulation of MEK/ERK pathway by Zhou, Yi; Wang, Liguo; Lin, Hui; Wang, Yunxia; Hou, Kezhu (2021) - Gastric cancer cells (MGC-803) were incubated for 24 hours at 37ºC without or with (2.5, 5, 10, 20, 40, 80 or 160 µM) bufalin in a 96-well plate and then the viability of cancer cells was estimated by CCK-8 proliferation assay. Bufalin was also shown to modulate mTOR and ERK-driven signaling cascades in gastric cancer cells (Qi et al., 2019). Keywords: bufalin; cancer; cancer cells; cells; cycle; erk; hours; invasion; mek; mgc-803
• Mechanism of anti-cancer effect of β-glucan on SH-SY5Y cell line by Filiz, Ahmet Kemal; Joha, Ziad; Yulak, Fatih (2021) - β-Glucan also down- regulated PARP1 and the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 expressions in cancer cells, while up-regulating the tumor suppressor p53 and pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and caspase 3/9 (Xu et al., 2016). At 200 μg/mL dose, the viability of cancer cells was reduced by about 50% (Kim et al., 2009). Keywords: apoptosis; bax; cancer; caspase; cells; control; glucan; oxidant; parp; status; sy5y; sy5y cells
• Mulberrofuran G inhibits proliferation and migration by inactivating JAK2/STAT3 signaling in lung cancer cells by Guo, Hai-Yuan-Bo ; Liu, Xiao-Xiao; Zhu, Xiao-Yong; Yu, Zhe (2021) - The proliferations of lung adenocarcinoma and lung squa- mous cell carcinoma cells were significantly linearly suppressed by mulberrofuran G. By increasing mul- berrofuran G, the growth of lung adenocarcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma cells were increasingly down-regulated. Liang L, Hui K, Hu C, Wen Y, Yang S, Zhu P, Wang L, Xia Y, Qiao Y, Sun W, Fei J, Chen T, Zhao F, Yang B, Jiang X. Autophagy inhibition potentiates the anti-angiogenic pro- perty of multikinase inhibitor anlotinib through JAK2/ STAT3/VEGFA signaling in non-small cell lung cancer cells. Keywords: a549 cells; cancer; cancer cells; cells; h226; h226 cells; invasion; jak2; lung; lung cancer; migration; mulberrofuran; nci; signaling; stat3
• Inhibitory effect of AK-7 mediates by apoptosis, increases DNA fragmentation and caspase-3 activity in human glioblastoma multiforme cells by Güçlü, Ebru; Çınar Ayan, İlknur ; Vural, Hasibe (2022) - In this study, the effect of pharmacological inhibition of AK-7, a SIRT2 inhibitor, was investigated in U87 glioblastoma multiforme cells. Colony formation assay The colony formation assay was performed to evaluate the effect of 75 and 100 µM doses of AK-7, on colony forming capacity in U87 glioblastoma multiforme cells. Keywords: ak-7; analysis; apoptosis; cancer; cells; dose; effect; et al; expression; glioblastoma; hours; min; multiforme; multiforme cells; sirt2
• Eckol, a potential inhibitor of aryl hydrocarbon receptor, inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in breast cancer cells by Balcik-Ercin, Pelin (2022) - Effect of eckol on apoptosis in breast cancer cell lines After the determination of the cell proliferation role of eckol on breast cancer cell models, we assessed whether the observed cellular growth inhibition by eckol treat- ment was accompanied by apoptotic death in two Table Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Research Article Eckol, a potential inhibitor of aryl hydrocarbon receptor, inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in breast cancer cells BJP Introduction Breast cancer is the most common cancer type in female populations and the second cancer-related death world- wide (Bray et al., 2018). Keywords: ahr; br-3; breast; breast cancer; cancer; cell; eckol; hours; mb-231; mda; proliferation; treatment
• Zoledronic acid inhibits the bone metastasis of breast cancer by repressing exosome-loaded DKK1 by Song, Bin Bin; Xu, Mao Yi ; Xu, Xiao Fang; Li, Xia; Chen, Ming (2022) - [p<0.05, p<0.01] A B A B C D Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2022; 17: 92-101 99 fy the effects of exosomes derived from cancer cells on the interaction between breast cancer cells and osteo- clasts, exosomes were added into the co-cultural system of RAW264.7 cells and breast cancer cells. Dickkopf 1 (DKK1) was both expressed in breast cancer cells and exosomes isolated from breast cancer cells. Keywords: acid; bone; breast; breast cancer; cancer; cancer cells; cells; dkk1; exosomes; expression; mb-453; mda; metastasis; osteoclasts; zoledronic
• Protective role of methanol extract of Phyllanthus polyphyllus against N-nitrosodiethylamine-induced liver tumor in rat by Maideen, Naina Mohamed Pakkir; Velayutham, Ravichandiran; Manavalan, Gobinath (2011) - Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Research Article Protective role of methanol extract of Phyllanthus polyphyllus against N -nitrosodiethylamine-induced liver tumor in rat BJP Introduction Hepatocellular carcinoma is induced by toxic industrial chemicals, air and water pollutants, food additives and fungal toxins (Peers and Linsell, 1973). The present study is aimed to evaluate the protective role of methanol extract of P. polyphyllus against N-nitrosodiethylamine-induced liver tumor in rats. Keywords: cancer; cytochrome; enzymes; extract; liver; methanol; nitrosodiethylamine; polyphyllus
• Berberine triggers necroptosis of cervical H8 cells by activating receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 by Wang, Mengting; Chen, Huixian; Wu, Qian; Huang, Yan ; Zhou, Yuzhen (2024) - Berberine modulates AP-1 activity to suppress HPV transcription and downstream signaling to induce growth arrest and apoptosis in cervical cancer cells. Abstract This study aims to investigate the effect of berberine on necroptosis in cervical H8 cells. Keywords: apoptosis; berberine; cancer; cells; et al; expression; h8 cells; mlkl; nec-1; necroptosis; protein; ripk1
• In vitro anti-cancer activity of Epipremnum aureum by Patil, Sudhir S.; Wadkar, Kiran A. (2024) - The results add to this body of evidence, demonstrating the efficacy of E. aureum chloroform extract in mitigating cancer progression. These results suggest that chloroform extract of E. aureum is more effective against breast cancer. Keywords: aureum; breast; cancer; cell; chloroform; ethanol; extract; mcf-7
• Nigella sativa plant extract inhibits the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells via apoptosis and cell cycle arrest by Ma, Jie; Peng, Cong (2024) - Similarly, the seed extract of N. sativa was found to suppress the growth of breast cancer cells in vitro (Dilshad et al., 2012). Apoptosis is often disrup- ted within cancer cells, leading to unregulated cell division and tumor development. Keywords: apoptosis; breast; cancer; cancer cells; cells; cycle; effects; et al; extract; mb-231; mb-231 cells; mda; n. sativa; nigella; sativa; sativa extract
• A PLK1 inhibitor, RO3280, suppresses proliferation of SNU-16 gastric cancer cells via apoptosis by Yulak, Fatih; Keskin, Zekeriya (2024) - The purpose of this study was to identify the pathways responsible for the antiprolifera- tive activity of RO3280, a new PLK1 inhibitor, on the SNU-16 cell line generated from gastric cancer cells. This data suggests that cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer cells may result from PLK1 overexpression, and that PLK1 inhibition may be used to decrease resistance and improve treat- ment effectiveness (Chen et al., 2019). Keywords: apoptosis; cancer; cells; cleaved; control; damage; dna; effect; et al; gastric; parp; plk1; potential; ro3280; snu-16; study; treatment
• SLC39A1 contributes to gemcitabine resistance of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma by activating AMPK signaling by Yu, Hao; Mei, Xiaoping; Zhang, Xueming; Qian, Neng; Yu, Qingjiang; Zhou, Hongkun (2024) - , the correlation of SLC39A1 with gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells was further analyzed. These data identified an unreported correlation of SLC39A1 with the AMPK signaling pathway in the modulation of gemcitabine resistance of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, namely SLC39A1 promoted gemcitabine resistance by activating the AMPK signa- ling pathway in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells. Keywords: adenocarcinoma; adenocarcinoma cells; ampk; bxpc3; cancer; cells; et al; expression; gemcitabine; gemcitabine resistance; pancreatic; resistance; slc39a1
• Anti-cancer potential of crude extracts from Dictyota bartayresiana in triple-negative breast cancer by Mohideen, Nishmaa Sulthan; Rao, Ankita; Begum , S. Mohamed Nainar Fazeela Mahaboob (2025) - This variation is seen in cancer cells as they express hormone receptors, the human epithelial growth factor 2 onco- protein, and other biomarkers. Requirements Benchtop centrifuge; Breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231); Centrifuge tube (15 mL); DEDB extract (1 µg/mL); EEDB extract (1 µg/mL); High-glucose DMEM medium; Incubator; Micropipettes (100-1000 µL); PBS medium; T flask (25 mL); 6- Well culture plate Procedure Step 1: MDA-MB-231 cells were seeded in a six well plate at a density of 3 x 105 cells/well. Keywords: acetate; acid; bartayresiana; breast; cancer; cell; compounds; dichloromethane; ethyl; extracts; study; test
• Cytotoxicity of paeonenoide C isolated from Paeonia obovata on HT-29 human colon cancer cells by Park, Hae-Ryong (2025) - However, these drugs exhibit side effects on blood cells, epithelial cells, and the nervous system, highlighting the need to develop anti-cancer agents that can effectively inhibit cancer cells while minimizing adverse effects (Maroon et al., 2007). Therefore, if RB phosphorylation is inhibited, inhibitory effects on cell proliferation can be expected via cell cycle arrest, especially G1 arrest, in cancer cells (Jedinak and Sliva, 2008). Keywords: assay; cancer; carbon; cells; colon; concentrations; effects; erk1/2; ht-29; ldh; paeonenoide; ppm
• Berberine chloride inhibits proliferation and angiogenesis in triple-negative breast cancer by down-regulating HIF-1α/VEGF/Ang pathway by Mohideen, Nishmaa Sulthan; Ranganathan, Venkatalakshmi; Nainar, Fazeela Mahaboob Begum S. Mohamed (2025) - Mir Hassani Z, Nabiuni M, Parivar K, Abdirad S, Karimzadeh L. Melittin inhibits the expression of key genes involved in tumor microenvironment formation by suppressing HIF- 1alpha signaling in breast cancer cells. Conflict of Interest Authors declare no conflict of interest Acknowledgement Authors thank the Dean, SLS, BSACIST for the valuable support of the study References Afsar T, Trembley JH, Salomon CE, Razak S, Khan MR, Ahmed K. Growth inhibition and apoptosis in cancer cells induced by polyphenolic compounds of Acacia hydaspica: Involvement of multiple signal transduction pathways. Keywords: angiogenesis; apoptosis; berberine; berberine chloride; breast; breast cancer; cancer; cells; chloride; expression; hif-1α; mda; vegf
• Novel CRT2 peptide inhibits tumor growth and angiogenesis in colorectal cancer HT-116 cell lines via PI3K/ERK signaling pathway by Yogananthan, Dhanapal; Venkatachalam, Ashok Raj Kattur; Muthiah, Ramanathan (2025) - This experimental protocol is carried out on CRT2 cells treated at IC50 concentrations, as well as PBS -treated cells, as the control group. The peptide inhibits cell development in HT-116 cancer cells by blocking the cell cycle transition from G1 to S, as observed G1/S phase arrest with CRT2 treatment. Keywords: anti; apoptosis; bangladesh; binding; cancer; cell; colorectal; control; crt2; crt2 peptide; cycle; figure; fitc; ht-116; lines; peptide; pi3k; protein; vegfr1
• Cytotoxic effect of Luffa cylindrica leaf extract on MCF-7 cell lines by Arshad, Hanzla; Saleem, Mohammad (2025) - Cell lines All cell lines were sourced from the Center of Excellen- ce in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab. Three wells per cell line were treated with L. cylindrica extract at their respective IC₅₀ concentrations, while the other three served as untreated controls. Keywords: acid; assay; cancer; cells; cylindrica; et al; extract; hours; lines; mcf-7; min; ros; scratch
• Anti-tumor activity of Simarouba glauca on Ehrlich ascites carcinoma in mice by Ramalingam, Sivakumar; Renuka, Saravanan (2025) - A droplet of the diluted suspension was placed on a clean hemocytometer, and tumor cells were counted under a light microscope in 64 small squares of the counting chamber. In parallel, there was a significant decrease in total serum protein in the Ehrlich ascites carcinoma control (3.3 ± 0.1 g/dL), suggesting impaired protein synthesis, possibly due to hepatic dysfunction or increased catabolism by tumor cells. Keywords: antioxidant; ascites; cancer; carcinoma; cells; ehrlich; ehrlich ascites; extract; glauca; group; mice; survival; tumor
• Experimental and computational evidence for xanthatin as a multi-target anti-cancer agent in ovarian cancer by Arshad, Hanzla; Afridi, Muhammad Shahbaz Khan (2025) - Collectively, these pathways converge to protect ovarian cancer cells from taxanes and other agents, highlighting the translational importance of therapeutic strategies that disrupt redox homeostasis, inhibit efflux mechanisms, and reactivate mitochondrial apoptosis (Wang et al., 2024; Alrosan et al., 2025; Tossetta et al., 2022; He et al., 2021; Chuwa and Mvunta, 2024). Consequently, it remains unclear whether purified xanthatin can induce ROS-dependent mitochondrial apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells, modu- late resistance factors such as ABCB1/P-glycoprotein, NRF2, PI3K/AKT, and survivin, and impair migratory behavior compared to a clinical benchmark (paclitaxel) under dose-calibrated, solvent-controlled conditions. Keywords: apoptosis; assay; bangladesh; cancer; cells; control; et al; hours; paclitaxel; pharmacol; ros; vehicle; xanthatin

• Hydroxysafflor yellow A suppresses oxidized low density lipoprotein induced proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells by Sheng, Lin; Bi, Shaojie; Cheng, Chao; Zhang, Jingbo (2012) - In the PD98059+ox-LDL group, the mRNA expression of ERK1/2 was reduced by 45.9% when compared with ox-LDL group but that of MAKP-1 remained unchanged. In the oxLDL + PD98059 group, the p-ERK1/2 protein expression was significantly reduced by 45.9% when compared with ox-LDL group (p<0.01), but the MAKP-1 expression remains unchanged. Keywords: cells; erk1/2; expression; group; hsya; ldl; makp-1; proliferation; protein
• In vitro anti-viral effect of fructopyrano-(1→4)-glucopyranose from Radix isatidis on infuenza virus A by Sun, Qin; Shui, Pi-Xian; Li, Han-Bin; Yang, Si-Jin; Liu, Ming-Hua; Zhang, Shi-Jing (2012) - Group A: When compared with virus control group, the virus inhibition rate and cell protection rate following FG treatment were markedly increased (p<0.01). 2) Group B: When compared with virus control group, the virus inhibition rate and cell protection rate following FG treatment were markedly increased (p<0.01). Keywords: cells; control; effect; group; inhibition; rate; virus
• Effects of neferine on TGF-β1 induced proliferation and gremlin expression in hepatic stellate cells by Li, Xiaofei; Lou, Lianqing; Wu, Shuang; Chen, Yongxin; Jin, Lingzhen (2012) - To date, the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSC) induced imbalance between the production of ECM and degradation of ECO has been considered as a key step in the occurrence and development of hepatic fibrosis (Tacke and Weiskirchen, 2010). High-glucose DMEM (H- DMEM), trypsin, fetal bovine serum (FBS; Gibco), recombinant human TGF- 1 (R＆ D), reagents for RNA extraction, primers for PCR, PCR kit (TaKaRa), rabbit anti-rat gremlin polyclonal antibody (Santa Cruz), A Journal of the Bangladesh Pharmacological Society (BDPS) Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2012; 7: 169-172 Journal homepage: www.banglajol.info; www.bdjpharmacol.com Abstracted/indexed in Academic Search Complete, Agroforestry Abstracts, Asia Journals Online, Bangladesh Journals Online, Biological Abstracts, BIOSIS Previews, CAB Abstracts, Current Abstracts, Directory of Open Access Journals, EMBASE/Excerpta Medica, Google Scholar, HINARI (WHO), International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, Open J-gate, Science Citation Index Expanded, SCOPUS and Social Sciences Citation Index ISSN: 1991-0088 Effects of neferine on TGF- 1 induced proliferation and gremlin expression in hepatic stellate cells Keywords: cells; expression; fibrosis; gremlin; nef; proliferation; tgf1
• Inhibition of the expression of a proliferation-induced ligand APRIL in HepG2 cell line and the reversal on tumor immune evasion by Chinese medicine by Kan, Shi-Hai; Tang, Jing; Li, Du-Jun; Wang, Zhi-Qiang; Li, Chun-Xia; Huang, Fei (2012) - As shown in Figure 1, HepG2 cells proliferation were inhibited after effected by ICA (A), BAI (B) combing ith ADM© for 48 hours, of which ICA 25 μg/mL, BAI 400, 200, 100 μg/mL, ADM 16, 8, 4, 2 μg/mL experimental groups inhibition of proliferation effect is obvious compared with untreated control group. Control ICA BAI ADM ICA + ADM BAI + ADM 24 hours 48 hours 72 hours 96 hours Figure 2: Influence of different time of ICA, BAI, ADM on HepG2 cells proliferation; Keywords: adm; april; bai; cells; expression; hepg2; hepg2 cells; ica; proliferation; tumor
• Lovastatin induces G1-phase synchronization of HEC-1-A cells and JEC cells by Shen, Huimin; Li, Xiaomao; Yang, Yuebo; Wang, Xiaoyun; Zhang, Xu (2013) - HEC-1-A cells and JEC cells were treated with by lovastatin and the proportion of cells in G1 phase was detected. At 20 and 16 hours after G1-phase desynchronization, the proportion of cells in S phase reached a maximal level and that in G1 phase was at the minimal level for HEC-1-A cells and JEC cells, respectively. Keywords: cells; hours; jec; lovastatin; phase; synchronization; μmol
• Vitamin E levels in buccal cells of arsenicosis patients following vitamin E supplementation by Misbahuddin, Mir; Farha, Nadia (2013) - After vitamin E supplementation for 20 weeks, vitamin E level in buccal cell of healthy volunteers were not changed significantly but there were significant increase in arsenic exposed controls (p=0.017) and in patients (p= 0.044). I Selected characteristics of the participants Characteristics Patients Arsenic exposed controls Healthy volunteers Number (n) 19 14 13 Age (Years) 40.4 ± 14.7 38.6 ± 12.8 35.6 ± 10.4 Duration of arsenic exposure (years) 16.8 ± 2.9 15.4 ± 4.5 - Duration of symptoms (years) 8.9 ± 1.9 - - Amount of arsenic in water (mg/L) 199 ± 4.7a 199 ± 4.7a 10.5 ± 2.1 Data are presented as mean (± SD); apatients and exposed controls had same source of drinking water Table II Vitamin E and cholesterol levels in buccal cells of patients, arsenic exposed controls and healthy volunteers both before and after vitamin E supplementation Groups n Buccal cells Vitamin E level (mg/mg of protein) Keywords: arsenic; bangladesh; cells; controls; level; patients; serum; vitamin; volunteers
• Resibufogenin inhibits the growth of human osteosarcoma MG-63 cells via mitochondrial pathway by Zhang, Yue; Quan, Ren-Fu; Cheng, Wei-Shan; Ye, Zhao-Ming; Li, Wei-Xu; Yang, Di-Sheng (2014) - However, the molecular mechanism of cell apoptosis induced by resibufogenin remains elusive. Briefly, cells were seeded in 6-well plates at a density of 2 × 105 cells per well and exposed to resibufogenin (0.0-40.0 nM) for 24 hours. Keywords: apoptosis; cells; china; figure; hours; mg-63; osteosarcoma; resibufogenin; toad
• Retinoic acid triazole promotes neurotrophin-mediated cell growth and proliferation in nerve cells by Shi, Hui; Long, Yan Xiao; Zhang, Yi; Zhong, Ming; Zheng, Kuang (2014) - Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Research Article Retinoic acid triazole promotes neu- rotrophin-mediated cell growth and proliferation in nerve cells BJP Introduction Binding of neurotrophins to membrane receptors of neurons initiates a cascade of intracellular processes which enhance survival and trophic effects. Retinoic acid triazole promotes neurotrophin-mediated cell growth and proliferation in nerve cells Hui Shi1, Yan Xiao Long2, Yi Zhang3, Ming Zhong2 and Kuang Zheng2 1Department of Neurosurgery, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, China; 2Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China; 3Department of Neurosurgery, Zhengzhou Central Hospital, Zhengzhou 450000, China. Keywords: acid; acid triazole; brain; cells; expression; factor; fluorophenyl; hours; nb1643; retinoic; retinoic acid; triazole; trkb
• Retinoic acid ortho-hydroxy aniline amide promotes neurotrophin mediated cell growth and proliferation in nerve cells by Wang, Zhi-Gang; Wang, Jin-Peng; Wang, Fang; Wang, Yi-Hua; Cao, Pei-Cheng (2015) - neural development and functionality, these biomolecules could be applied to facilitate controlled differentiation of stem cells to neurons for therapeutic purposes. The values represent the mean ± S.E.M. of three independent experiments Figure 2: RT-PCR analysis of total RNA from stem cell–derived cultures treated with 20 µM RA and 0.5% FBS (RAA). Keywords: acid; amide; cells; days; differentiation; fbs; fos; raa; retinoic; treatment
• Nirtetralin inhibits growth of hepatitis E virus in HepaRG cells by Zhang, Wu-Jing; Zhu, Ying-Bin; Zhang, Guo-Dong (2015) - Quantitative analysis of total and closed circular HEV RNA by real-time PCR performed on five independent experiments showed that only 1-5% of the HEV RNA internalized at day 1 post-infection entered the core of the cell refinement. HEV cell culture models HEV genomic RNA was genera-ted from a plasmid construct containing the full-length HEV genome (Kernow-C1 p6 clone, GenBank Accession Number JQ679013) or a construct containing subgeno-mic HEV sequence coupled with a Gaussia luciferase reporter gene (p6-luc), using the Ambion mMESSAGE mMACHINE_ in vitro RNA transcription Kit (Life Technologies Corporation) (Shukla et al., 2011; Shukla et al., 2012). Keywords: cells; culture; gene; heparg; hepatitis; hev; nirtetralin; rna; virus
• Alpha-Naphthylisothiocyanate triggering G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis in human brain malignant glioma U87MG cells via mitochondrial pathway by Zhang, Qiang; Wang, Yu-Ting; Jing, Shi-Mei; Chang, Jian-Yong; Wang, Jin-Peng (2015) - The results are shown in Figure 3A and B. U87MG cells after exposure to AITC showed that a significant decrease of CDK1 activity (Figure 3A) and down-regulated the protein levels, including CDK1, cyclin B and cyclin A as shown in Figure 3B. To assess the ANIT-induced apoptotic cell death, the results of Western blot analysis from 10 μM of ANIT co- incubation with U87MG cells for 0, 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours are shown in Figure 4A. This was demonstrated by flow cytometric analysis and DAPI staining was applied to confirm cell apoptosis in examined U87MG cells. Keywords: anit; apoptosis; arrest; cells; hours; mg cells; phase; u87; u87 mg
• Iron deposition causes oxidative stress, inflammation and fibrosis in carbon tetrachloride-induced liver dysfunction in rats by Reza, Hasan Mahmud; Sagor, Md. Abu Taher; Alam, Md. Ashraful (2015) - Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Research Article Iron deposition causes oxidative Iron deposition causes oxidative Iron deposition causes oxidative stress, inflammation and fibrosis in stress, inflammation and fibrosis in stress, inflammation and fibrosis in carbon tetrachloridecarbon tetrachloridecarbon tetrachloride---induced liver induced liver induced liver dysfunction in ratsdysfunction in ratsdysfunction in rats BJP Introduction Hepatic cirrhosis or liver fibrosis is known to be an irreversible process in liver due to chronic insult such as, diabetes, high fat diet or viral infection in the liver. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is a known hepatotoxin, frequently used to induce liver fibrosis in animal models ( Keywords: ccl4; cells; control; deposition; fibrosis; hepatic; iron; liver; plasma; rats; stress; weight
• Anti-cancer and anti-angiogenesis effect of the leaf extract of Sargassum wightii against osteosarcoma cancer cells by Yu, Qi-Long; Tang, Zhao-Chun; Li, Jin-Ge; Wang, Guo-Liang; Wang, Pei-Jun; Pan, Zhao-Bao (2015) - The coated HUVEC cells were then co-treated with various concentrations of ethanolic leaf extracts of S. wightii (100, 500 and 1000 μg/mL) and 20 ng/mL of VEGF solution. Upon adherence, the medium was replaced after 12 hours, and the cells were incubated with different concentrations (100, 500 and 1000 μg/ mL) of ethanolic leaf extracts of S. wightii followed by subsequent analysis by MTT assay. Keywords: angiogenesis; cells; effect; extract; leaf; leaf extract; s. wightii; wightii
• Tangeretin inhibits IL-1β induced proliferation of rheumatoid synovial fibroblasts and the production of COX-2, PGE2 and MMPs via modulation of p38 MAPK/ERK/JNK pathways by Li, Yong-Ji; Zhang, Ting; Tu, Jian-Xin; Li, Gang; Zhou, Yan (2015) - These results indicate that tange- Figure 4: Influence of tangeretin on IL-1 -induced protein expressions Tangeretin significantly reduced the IL-1 -induced raised expressions of MMPs and COX-2 following 24 hours (A and C) and 48 hours (B and D) of exposure. IL-1 -induced marked increases in the phosphorylation status and as well increased expressions of MAPK pathway proteins were regulat- ed by tangeretin at both the doses (50 and 100 µM) and at 24 hours (E and G) and 48 hours (F and H); L1-control; L2-IL-1 ; L3-tangeretin 50 µM; L4- tangeretin 100 µM; L5-IL-1 + tangeretin 50 µM; L6-IL-1 + tangeretin 100 µM; Values are represented as mean ± SD; n=3; *represents statistical significance at p<0.05 compared against control as determined by one-way ANOVA A B C Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2015; 10: 714-725 719 Figure 4: Influence of tangeretin on IL-1 -induced protein expressions (Cont.) Keywords: arthritis; cells; cox-2; et al; expression; hours; il-1; p<0.05; pge2; pharmacol; production; proliferation; protein; rasfs; rheumatoid; tangeretin
• Prevention of secretory diarrhea by ethanol extract of Bistortae rhizoma through inhibition of chloride channel by Yu, Bo; Jiang, Yu; Liu, Yue; Ma, Tonghui; Yang, Hong (2015) - Chao AC, de Sauvage FJ, Dong YJ, Wagner JA, Goeddel DV, Gardner P. Activation of intestinal CFTR Cl-channel by heat- stable enterotoxin and guanylin via cAMP-dependent pro- tein kinase. Results indicated that D5 inhibited CFTR chloride channel in a dose-dependent way (IC50=42.4 μg/mL). Keywords: ano1; cacc; cells; cftr; channel; chloride; figure; fluid; fluorescence; inhibition; rhizoma; secretion
• Sulphureuine B, a drimane type sesquiterpenoid isolated from Laetiporus sulphureus induces apoptosis in glioma cells by Zhang, Jing-Wei; Wen, Gong-Ling; Zhang, Lei; Duan, Dong-Mei; Ren, Zhong-Hai (2015) - Abstract A drimane type sesquiterpenoids, sulphureuine B was isolated from the edible mushroom Laetiporus sulphureus and its antiproliferative properties were investigated using U-87MG glioma cells. The structure of sulphureuine B was identified by the physicochemical methods and spectral data with 98% purity. Keywords: apoptosis; cells; chop; control; figure; glioma; hours; mg cells; results; reticulum; stress; sulphureuine; sulphureus; treatment; u-87
• Cucurbitacin B inhibits proliferation, induces G2/M cycle arrest and autophagy without affecting apoptosis but enhances MTT reduction in PC12 cells by Wu, Chuanhong; Bao, Jiaolin; He, Chengwei; Lu, Jinjian; Chen, Xiuping (2015) - 1991-0088 Abstract In the present study, the effect of cucurbitacin B (a natural product with anti- cancer effect) was studied on PC12 cells. Cucurbitacin B induced G2/M cell cycle arrest, autophagy, but not the apoptosis in PC12 cells. Keywords: apoptosis; arrest; assay; autophagy; cells; cucurbitacin; effect; figure; mtt; pc12; treatment
• Inhibitory effect of schizophyllan on rat glioma cells by Zhou, Bin; Fu, Qiang; Song, Sha-Sha; Zheng, Hong-Li; Wei, Yu-Zhen (2015) - The highly lethal nature of this tumor partly originates from its invasive characte- ristics, which allow tumor cells to migrate and infiltrate eloquent areas making impossible the achievement of a radical surgery. Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Research Article Inhibitory effect of schizophyllan on rat glioma cells BJP Introduction Malignant gliomas account for approximately 50% of all central nervous system tumors (Mahaley et al., 1989; Keywords: apoptosis; cells; glioma; group; hours; schizophyllan; treatment; tumor
• Cyanobacterial phycoerythrin purified from marine Lyngbya sp. induces apoptosis in lung carcinoma cells by Madamwar, Datta; Kaushal, Avani; Patel, Dipak K.; Desai, Swati N.; Upadhyay, Kapil; Devkar, Ranjitsinh (2015) - Cyanobacterial cell mass was washed with 1 M Tris Cl buffer (pH 8.1) containing 3 mM sodium azide. At this stage, it was assumed that, cyanobacterial phycoerythrin induced cell death was possibly due to the trigger of apoptotic pathway. Keywords: a549; apoptosis; apoptotic; assay; carcinoma; cells; devkar; dose; figure; lung; phycoerythrin; potential; staining
• Inhibition of cell proliferation by 2-fluorobenzaldehyde retinoic acid conjugate through suppression of STAT3 activation in human glioma cells by Hao, Ji-Heng; Hu, Dian-Feng; Mao, Li-Mei; Zhang, Shi-Gang; Wang, Ji-Yue; Li, Gang (2015) - Determination of apoptosis in U373 cells Analysis of apoptosis in U373 glioma cells was performed by using annexin V-FITC apoptosis detection kit (MBL) and propidium iodide stain. Cell proliferation assay U373 glioma cells at a density of 3 x 105 cells per well were distributed onto 96-well plates and cultured overnight. Keywords: acid; cells; conjugate; expression; fluorobenzaldehyde; glioma; hours; retinoic; stat3; treatment; u373
• Enhanced antitumor activity of cucurbitacin B combined with cerulenin in osteosarcoma by Zhang, Zhe; Shen, Ying; Wu, Jian; Cai, Lin (2015) - Synergistic effect of cerulenin and cucurbitacin B on induction of apoptosis in tumor cells Treatment of tumor tissues with cucurbitacin B, ceru- lenin or their combination induced apoptosis in tumor cells (Figure 5). The IC50 values of cerulenin and cucurbitacin B combination in the proportion of 1:1, 1:2 and 2:1 were 3.5, 7.2 and 8.6 μg/mL, respectively. Keywords: cells; cerulenin; combination; cucurbitacin; effect; osteosarcoma
• Hydroxychloroquine induces inhibition of collagen type II and oligomeric matrix protein COMP expression in chondrocytes by Li, Tao; Shi, Hong-Yan; Hua, Yong-Xin; Gao, Chen; Xia, Qing; Yang, Guang; Li, Bin (2016) - The results revealed no significant change in the rate of cartilage cell proliferation in hydroxychloroquine-treated compared to untreated cells. The rate of growth in cartilage cells was analyzed using MTT assay whereas the Col-2 and COMP expression levels were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting analyses. Keywords: cartilage; cells; chondrocytes; collagen; comp; effect; expression; hours; hydroxychloroquine; type
• Influence of ketamine on amino acid neurotransmitters secretion by nerve cells in vitro by Shi, Mingxian; Chen, Rui; Guo, Cen; Gao, Li (2016) - Up to now, little is known about their effects on nerve cells in vitro. Cite this article: Shi M, Chen R, Guo C, Gao L. Influ- ence of ketamine on amino acid neu- rotransmitters secretion by nerve cells in vitro. Keywords: acid; amino; cells; concentration; glutamate; ketamine; nerve
• Isolation of flavonoids from onion skins and their effects on K562 cell viability by Shi, Guo-Qing; Yang, Jing; Liu, Jiang; Liu, Sheng-Nan; Song, Han-Xue; Zhao, Wen-En; Liu, Yan-Qi (2016) - It suggests that ortho hydroxyl groups on B ring of onion flavonoids might be the key structural elements of their cytotoxic effects on K562 cells, and hydroxyl groups in position 3 or carbonyl groups in position 4 might be one of the structural effect elements. The isolation and identification of flavonoids from onion skin would not only enhance our understanding of the material basis for their biological activities, but could also provide a theoretical basis for the utilization of these compounds in a number of other areas of research. Keywords: cells; cm-1; compound; flavonoids; k562; nmr; onion; quercetin; skins
• Modulation of adipogenesis-related gene expression by ethanol extracts of Detam 1 soybean and Jati belanda leaf in 3T3-L1 cells by Hidayat, Meilinah; Prahastuti, Sijani; Fauziah, Nurul; Maesaroh, Maesaroh; Balqis, Balqis; Widowati, Wahyu (2016) - Ethanol extract of Jati belanda at a concentration of 50 μg/ mL was most effective to reduce PPAR , C/EBP , and SCD1 gene expression in 3T3-L1 cells. SCD1 gene expression In this research, EEJB and EEDS at the concentration of 50 µg/mL showed lower SCD1 gene expression by approximately twice than positive control (Figure 3). Keywords: 3t3; cells; eeds; eejb; ethanol; expression; gene; soybean
• In vitro and in situ effects of atorvastatin and ezetimibe on P-glycoprotein expression and function by Mesgari Abbasi, Mehran; Valizadeh, Hadi; Hamishehkar, Hamed; Bannazadeh Amirkhiz, Maryam; Zakeri-Milani, Parvin (2016) - It was shown that consistent elevation of serum ezetimibe concentrations could result from inhibition of P-gp and MRP2 by gemfibrozil, feno- fibrate and cyclosporine (Suchy et al., 2011). This study was performed to investigate the effects of atorvastatin and ezetimibe on the function and expression of P-gp. Keywords: atorvastatin; caco-2; cells; concentrations; control; digoxin; drug; et al; expression; ezetimibe; verapamil
• Anti-cancer effect of naringenin chalcone is mediated via the induction of autophagy, apoptosis and activation of PI3K/Akt signalling pathway by Zhang, Shuai; Jiang, Zong-Fei; Pan, Qiang; Song, Chun-Yu; Zhang, Wen-Hua (2016) - Arrows indicate autophagic vacuoles which were seen only in drug-treated cells Naringenin chalcone dose (µM) p-PI3K PI3K p-Akt Akt Actin 0 (control) 10 50 100 Figure 4: Naringenin chalcone targets PI3K/Akt signalling pathway in U87MG human glioblastoma cells. Abstract The aim of the current study was to investigate the in vitro and in vivo anti- tumor effects of naringenin chalcone in U87MG human glioblastoma cells and in xenograft mice model. Keywords: akt; apoptosis; cells; chalcone; glioblastoma; human; naringenin; naringenin chalcone; pi3k; tumor; u87
• Taraxerol protects the human hepatic L02 cells from hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis by Yao, Xiang-Yang; Bai, Qin (2017) - In this study, we assessed taraxerol on H2O2- induced apoptotic effect in L02 cells, and determined the activation of caspases-3, PARP, Bcl-2, Bax and MAPK. However, as shown in Figure 1B, taraxerol alone did not signifi- cantly affect the cell viability of L02 cells even at the dose of 200 μM. Effect on H2O2-induced cell viability and LDH leakage 134 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2017; 12: 133-139 H2O2 (mM) 0 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 R el at iv e ce ll vi ab ili ty (% ) a b b b b A 120 80 40 0 R el at iv e ce ll vi ab ili ty (% ) B 120 80 40 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 200 Taraxerol (µM) Keywords: apoptosis; cells; cleaved; h2o2; jnk; l02; p38; parp; taraxerol
• Effect of sevoflurane postconditioning on myocardial oncosis and autophagy in ischemia-reperfusion injury in isolated rat heart by Tang, Qi Feng; Xie, Yang; Xie, Hong; Jiang, Wen Qiang; Fang, Zhi Yuan (2018) - Application of its monoclonal antibody into Jurkat cells directly induced cell oncosis. The development of cell oncosis can also be inhibited by treating the redox state in cells with anti-oxidants. Keywords: autophagic; cells; expression; group; injury; ischemia; lc3ii; level; min; oncosis; postconditioning; r group; reperfusion; sevoflurane; sevop; vacuoles
• Anti-adipogenic effect of mastoparan B analogue peptide on 3T3-L1 preadipocytes by Kim, Ji Hye; Jo, Mi Jeong; Go, Hye Jin; Park, Nam Gyu; Kim, Gun Do (2018) - Statistical analysis All statistical analyses were performed using the Prism 334 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2018; 13: 333-339 Table I Primary structure of MP-B and its analogues Peptide Sequence Mastoparan B (MP-B) L-K-L-K-S-I-V-S-W-A-K-K-V-L-NH2 MP-B1 A-K-L-K-S-I-V-S-W-A-K-K-V-L-NH2 MP-B3 L-K-A-K-S-I-V-S-W-A-K-K-V-L-NH2 MP-B6 L-K-L-K-S-A-V-S-W-A-K-K-V-L-NH2 MP-B7 L-K-L-K-S-I-A-S-W-A-K-K-V-L-NH2 MP-B11 L-K-L-K-S-I-V-S-W-A-A-K-V-L-NH2 MP-B12 L-K-L-K-S-I-V-S-W-A-K-A-V-L-NH2 MP-B13 L-K-L-K-S-I-V-S-W-A-K-K-A-L-NH2 MP-B14 L-K-L-K-S-I-V-S-W-A-K-K-V-A-NH2 7.0 software (GraphPad, USA) for Windows. ap<0.05 a a MP-B1 MP-B3 MP-B6 MP-B7 Negative control Positive control MP-B MP-B11 MP-B12 MP-B13 MP-B14 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2018; 13: 333-339 335 MP-Bs significantly decreased the lipid droplets compared with MDI only-treated cells. Keywords: 3t3; adipogenesis; b12; cells; differentiation; expression
• Amelioration of dry eye syndrome by oral administration of cultivated wild ginseng extract by Pyo, Jae Sung; Kim, Hyung Hoi; Kim, Kang Min; Kang, Jae Seon (2019) - Clinical evaluations of dry eye After 2 weeks of oral administration of ginseng extract, fluorescein staining was carried out for clinical evaluations on corneal surface of dry eye mouse (Figure Te ar fl ow (m m /b od y w ei gh t) Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Research Article Amelioration of dry eye syndrome by oral administration of cultivated wild ginseng extract BJP Introduction Dry eye syndrome (keratoconjunctivitis sicca) is a mul- tifactorial disease of ocular surface accompanying visual disturbance, hyperemia, photophobia and ocular discomfort (Lemp et al., 2007). Keywords: cells; compound; control; dry; extract; eye; ginseng; group; kim; syndrome
• Berberine hydrochloride inhibits inflammatory response via regulating the miRNA-140-5p/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in oral lichen planus by Zhang, Qiong; Zhong, Liangjun; Chen, Xing; Wang, Jintao (2020) - Therefore, it can be considered that the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway plays an important role in the progression of oral lichen planus, and that this can be used as a target to inhibit the expression of inflammatory mediators in the course of oral lichen planus, in order to alleviate local tissue damage. Oral lichen planus remains uncured. Keywords: berberine; cells; expression; hydrochloride; level; lichen; lichen planus; mirna-140; oral; pathway; planus; tlr4; wang
• Experimental models for vascular endothelial dysfunction by Garg, Anchal; Gupta, Vardan; Tomar, Ritu; Arora, Mandeep Kumar (2021) - Atherosclerosis, hypertension, hyperglycemia, and smoking are considered to be the self-governing risk factors and foremost determinants in the progression of vascular endothelial dysfunction (Hadi et al., 2005). Therefore, this paper aims to review various experimental animal models developed to produce vascular endothelial dysfunction. Keywords: acetylcholine; adhesion; administration; aortic; blood; cells; day; disorders; dose; dysfunction; endothelial; enos; et al; expression; factors; high; hypertension; levels; male; mice; models; pharmacol; rats; rns; role; ros; serum; streptozotocin; stress; table; vascular; weeks; wistar; zhang
• Nrf2 signaling contributes to the neuroprotective effect of Cicadidae Periostracum against 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine toxicity by Lim, Hye-Sun; Moon, Byeong Cheol ; Park, Gunhyuk (2022) - Differentiated PC12 cells were then pretreated with Cicadidae Periostracum (0.1–50 μg/ mL) for 1 hour, followed by MPP+ (100 μg/mL) for 23 hours. Results Effects on MPP+-induced neurotoxicity in differentia- ted PC12 cells Treatment with Cicadidae Periostracum at a concentra- tion of 100 μg/mL, but not at 1–50 μg/mL, decreased the viability of PC12 and differentiated PC12 cells 24 hours after treatment (data not shown). Keywords: cells; cicadidae; control; mptp; nrf2; periostracum
• Ethanol extract of Poria cocos induces apoptosis and differentiation in Neuro-2a neuroblastoma cells by Jiang, Xia; Xie, Jie; Hu, Zhaotun; Xiang, Xiaoliang (2022) - Transcriptome analysis revealed that the cell cycle as the potential primary target pathway of the extract in Neuro-2a cells. Furthermore, the extract also induced apoptosis in Neuro-2a cells. Keywords: analysis; apoptosis; cells; cocos; cycle; differentiation; extract; figure; hours; neuro-2a; neuro-2a cells; neuroblastoma; p. cocos
• Sesquiterpene compound α-cyperone relieves the injury in neurons undergoing oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation by Wang, Jian; Gao, Xuefeng (2022) - First of all, our experi- mental results revealed that α-cyperone with the highest experimental concentration of 30 μM did not harm the viability of PC12 cells, and could reduce the damage to cell viability following the cells were stimulated by OGD/R. Figure 1: α-Cyperone reduces OGD/R-induced damage to neuronal viability and alleviates inflammation. Results Effects on neuronal viability and inflammation The effect of gradient concentrations of α-cyperone on PC12 cell viability was determined using a CCK-8 assay. Keywords: cells; cyperone; figure; foxo1; levels; ogd; sirt3; stroke; treatment; typ; viability; wang
• Morphological and histopathological alterations caused by meloxicam in chick fetuses by AbdRabou, Mervat; Al- Otaibi, Aljohara (2022) - The application of different doses of meloxicam post 12 day of incubation in the present study established that A B C D E Figure 2: Photographs of chick fetuses after 48 hours of meloxicam injection. Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Research Article Morphological and histopathological alterations caused by meloxicam in chick fetuses BJP Introduction Keywords: cells; chick; control; embryo; fetuses; group; meloxicam; study
• 15,16-Dihydrotanshinone I inhibits the proliferation of MV4-11 by means of apoptosis via antagonizing FLT3-ITD/STAT5/Mcl-1 pathway by Luo, Mansheng; Zeng, Yanmei ; Deng, Xiaoling (2023) - In acute myeloid leukemia cells, FLT3-ITD mutation is considered to constitutively activate this mutant tyro- sine kinase through self-dimerization and ensuing phosphorylation (Kiyoi et al., 1998). Till now, the medicines approved for acute myeloid leukemia with internal tandem duplication mutation of FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3-ITD) dis- play not ideal efficacy. Keywords: acute; apoptosis; cells; dihydrotanshinone; flt3; itd; leukemia; mcl-1; mv4; myeloid; stat5
• Destabilising microtubule polymerization regulates chondrocyte dedifferentiation and inflammation via nuclear factor kappa b and β-catenin pathway by Han, Yohan; Eom, Young Seok; Shah, Fahad Hassan; Kim, Song Ja (2023) - Additionally, colchicine stimulated β-catenin overexpression, which is characterized by the accumulation of β-catenin into the cytosol determined by immunofluorescence staining. In the absence of Wnt ligand protein, β-catenin is phos- phorylated by the GSK3 complex (Huang et al., 2019). Keywords: catenin; cells; chondrocytes; colchicine; collagen; differentiation; expression; figure; osteoarthritis; pathway; tubulin
• Anti-inflammatory effect of gallic acid on HaCaT keratinocytes through the inhibition of MAPK-, NF-kB-, and Akt-dependent signaling pathways by Shiu, Polly Ho-Ting; Zheng, Chengwen; Rangsinth, Panthakarn ; Wang, Wen; Li, Jingjing; Li, Renkai; Leung, George Pak-Heng (2023) - Gallic acid (30 µM) did not affect the total and phosphorylated JNK Figure 3: Effects of gallic acid on total and phosphorylated protein levels of MEK1/2, ERK1/2, JNK and p38 MAPK in HaCaT keratinocytes. Gallic acid is a naturally occurring tri-phenolic com- pound found in various plants, with a particularly high abundance in gallnuts, witch hazel, oak bark, tea leaves, areca nut, bearberry, and blackberry. Keywords: acid; akt; cells; control; expression; gallic; gallic acid; hacat; ifn; keratinocytes; levels; protein; tnf
• CYT387 restores Th17/Treg cell balance and inhibits mature osteoclast cell formation by regulating SOX-5 signaling in rheumatoid arthritis by Srivastava, Susmita; Rasool, Mahaboobkhan (2023) - ap<0.05; bp<0.01; cp<0.001, compared to arthritis CD4+T cells under Th17 differentiation condition. ap<0.05; bp<0.001, compared to arthritis CD4+T cells under Th17 differentiation condition. Keywords: + t; arthritis; bone; cd4 +; cells; cyt387; differentiation; expression; fls; rheumatoid; sil-6r; sox-5; stat-3; th17
• Bioactive peptides SL-13R and KS-13 enhance human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell proliferation in vitro by Tran, Thanh Trung ; Tran, Kien Trung ; Kim, Daeyong ; Nguyen, Nam Trung (2024) - The use of bioactive peptides to expand stem cells is urgent- ly needed to increase the number of these cells for clinical applications (Wang et al., 2022). Targeting the aryl hydrocarbon receptor in stem cells to improve the use of food as medicine. Keywords: cells; control; genistein; ks-13; sl-13r
• RU.521 protects against neutrophil extracellular traps-induced vascular endothelial injury by inhibiting cGAS/STING pathway by Zhang, Biao; Fang, Zaojun; Lin, Ying ; Wu, Qian; Chen, Jiaping (2024) - Vascular endothelial injury plays an important role in acute lung injury (Liu et al., 2015), and neutrophils par- ticipate in vascular endothelial cell injury by releasing neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs)(Fei et al., 2024). Recent studies have shown that dsDNA can participate in vascular endothelial injury through the activation of STING pathway during acute lung injury (Zhu et al., Keywords: acute; cells; cgas; dsdna; endothelial; injury; lung; lung injury; nets; pathway; patients; ru.521; sting
• Prednisone inhibits osteosarcoma cell by regulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by Zhang, Yo; Zhang, Hongmei; Yang, Shanshan; Gao, Xiufeng; Guo, Wenhao (2024) - To investigate the effect of prednisone on osteosarcoma cells in vitro, CCK8, wound healing, Transwell assays, flow- cytometry, western blot, and ELISA were used to measure cell proliferation, cell migration, cell invasion, cell cycle, cell apoptosis, and the key proteins in Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Migration of osteosarcoma cells To investigate the effect of prednisone on the migration of osteosarcoma cells, human Mg63 osteosarcoma cells and human Saos-2 osteosarcoma cells were cultured in 6-well plates, scratched, and cultured in serum-free medium with prednisone treatment for 48 hours (Figure 2A). Keywords: apoptosis; c c; catenin; cells; cisplatin; control; effects; mg63; osteosarcoma; pathway; prednisone; proliferation; treatment; wnt
• Ginsenoside Rb1 ameliorates neutrophil extracellular traps-induced vascular endothelial damage by suppressing apoptosis by Zhang, Biao; Zhao, Junkai; Yin, Jiamin; Chen, Jiaping; Xu, Lingqi (2024) - Ginsenoside Rb1 can reduce vascular endothelial injury induced by neutrophil extracellular traps, ginsenoside Rb1 protects vascular endothelium by inhibiting cell apoptosis. Neutrophil extracellular traps can release reactive oxygen species (ROS), which induces oxidative stress in vascular endothelial cells, damages the cell membranes, and causes vascular endothelial dysfunc- tion (Zhou et al., 2024). Keywords: apoptosis; cells; damage; endothelial; expression; ginsenoside; injury; neutrophil; rb1; traps; μmol
• Catalpol alleviates the lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response of BV2 cells by Liu, Sijie; Zhu, Jiayi; Huang, Hao; Xu, Jiaxiang; Zhang, Biao; Luo, Yi (2024) - Through the microglia regulating Abstract This study aimed to investigate the effect of catalpol on the inflammatory response of murine microglial cell line (BV2 cells) induced by lipopolysaccharide. Therefore, catalpol can inhibit the lipopolysaccharide-induced activation of BV2 cells and has anti-inflammatory effects. Keywords: bv2; bv2 cells; catalpol; cells; group; inos; lipopolysaccharide; microglia; neuroinflammation; ros
• ML098 enhances intracellular bacterial clearance in bladder epithelial cells by activating Rab7 and promoting lysosomal biogenesis by Yin, Hao; Zhu, Jiaoli; Yin, Jiamin; Xue, Yi; Wang, Xin (2025) - Effect on the expression of LAMP1 in HTB-9 cells The expression of lysosome associated membrane pro- tein 1 in E. coli group cells showed no significant difference compared to the control group (p>0.05, Figure 3). Effect on the expression of Rab7 and active Rab7 in HTB-9 cells To investigate the effect of ML098 on Rab7 and active Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2024; 19: 107-113 109 Rab7 expression in bladder epithelial cells, western blot and GST-pull down assay were conducted. Keywords: bacteria; bladder; cells; coli group; e. coli; expression; group; infection; lysosomes; ml098; ml098 group; number; rab7
• Total flavonoids of Abelmoschus manihot ameliorate lipid deposition in HK-2 cells by inhibiting fatty acid uptake mediated by CD36 by Wang, Xiaofang; Tang, Chenquan; Jiang, Yi; Xue, Yi; Zhou, Enchao (2024) - Effects of total flavones on palmitic acid-induced lipid deposition in HK-2 cells Lipid deposition in renal tubular cells constitutes one of the crucial pathological mechanisms of chronic kidney disease. Effects of total flavones on palmitic acid-induced apoptosis of HK-2 cells Apoptosis of renal cells is one of the significant etiologies of kidney injury. Keywords: acid; cd36; cells; china; deposition; disease; fatty; flavones; hk-2; kidney; lipid; manihot; palmitic; total
• 1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 reduces uropathogenic E. coli persistence in bladder epithelial cells by restoring lysosome acidification by Yin, Hao; Xue, Yi; Wang, Xin (2025) - 1,25(OH)2D3 enhances lysosomal acidification in E. coli -infected HTB-9 cells Western blot analysis showed no significant difference in the expression level of lysosome-associated mem- 6000 4000 2000 0 C F U i n H T B -9 c e ll E. coli - + + - + + - + + 1,25-VD3 - - + - - + - - + 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 2000 1500 1000 500 0 ns a a A B C Figure 1: Effect of 1,25(OH)2D3 (1,25-VD3, 10 nM) on the intracellular persistent bacterial count of HTB-9 cells infected with E. coli. However, different from the other studies, this study focuses on the role of 1,25(OH)2D3 in enhan- cing the lysosomal acidification of HTB-9 cells and inhibiting the persistence of E. coli. Keywords: 1,25(oh)2d3; acidification; atpase; bacteria; cells; coli; coli group; e. coli; et al; factor; group; transcription
• Murrayafoline A inhibits inflammatory cytokines in RAW264.7 cells stimulated with LPS and poly (I:C) by targeting the aryl hydrocarbon receptor by Tran, Trang Thu; Cuong, Nguyen Manh; Ha, Nguyen Xuan; Nakahama, Taisuke; Nguyen, Nam Trung (2025) - Murrayafoline A inhibits inflammatory cytokines in RAW264.7 cells stimulated with LPS and poly (I:C) by targeting the aryl hydrocarbon receptor Dear Editor, The anti-inflammatory activities of murrayafoline A, an alkaloid isolated from Glycosmis stenocarpa, remain poorly understood, particularly in cytokine regulation in macrophages. Interestingly, in the present study, murrayafoline A at concentrations of 3, 10, 30, and 60 μM increased Ahr expression by 2.4-, 2.5-, 5.5-, and 4.0-fold, respectively, compared with the control. Keywords: ahr; cells; lps; murrayafoline; poly
• Antiproliferative activity of Tribulus terrestris stem bark extract against A431 cells by Gaikwad, Ravindra; Shinde, Anilkumar; Nadaf, Sameer (2025) - The moderate cytotoxicity of T. terrestris extract showed increased interest in plant-based treatments. As shown in Figure 1, the stem bark methanolic extract of T. terrestris inhibited the viability of 35.26 ± 0.95% A431 cells, corroborating the cytotoxic effect following a 24-hours treatment at the tested dose. Keywords: cells; extract; terrestris; tribulus
• 6-Formylindolo[3,2-b]carbazole promotes proliferation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells via activation of the Ahr–IL-6 signaling axis by Tran, Thanh Trung; Vu, Thi Tien; Tran, Kien Trung; Nakahama, Taisuke; Nguyen, Nam Trung (2025) - Flow cytometry (MACSQuant® VYB, Mil- tenyi Biotec, Germany) analysis further confirmed that AD-MSCs retained their characteristic surface marker expression following FICZ treatment, including high levels of CD90, CD73, and CD105, and a lack of HLA- DR expression (Table I), indicating preserved immuno- phenotypic identity. These findings indicate that FICZ treatment does not alter the characteristic surface marker expression of AD -MSCs. Keywords: ahr; cells; ficz; mscs
• Preparation of procyanidin B2 from apple pomace and its inhibitory effect on the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in lipopolysaccharide-treated RAW264.7 macrophages by Zhang, Huawei; Ying, Chen (2011) - Many papers had reported that apple pomace contains a variety of bioactive compounds including polyphenols, composed of primarily monomeric flavanols (-)-epicate- chin and (+)-catechin, and oligomeric procyanidins formed from these monomeric units, such as dimeric procyanidin B2 (PB2) In our previous study, poly- phenols-enriched extract from apple pomace was sub- jected to fractionation using macroporous absorbent resin XAD-16 and one fraction APIII was found to have the highest content of PB2 (22.5 ± 1.2%). Keywords: apple; cells; cox-2; expression; hours; lps; pb2; pomace; usa

• Hepatoprotective activity of Pinus roxburghii Sarg. wood oil against carbon tetrachloride and ethanol induced hepatotoxicity by Khan, Imran; Singh, Vandana; Chaudhary, Amrendra Kumar (2012) - The wood oil was obtained by hydro distillation of P. roxburghii wood and the % yield of light yellow color wood oil was found to be 0.5% w/v. The phytochemical testing of wood oil of P. roxburghii was done in order to determine the presence of different constituents. In the study, wood oil of P. roxburghii was administered in 200, 300 and 400 mg/kg dosage. Keywords: ccl4; group; hepatoprotective; oil; pinus; roxburghii; test; wood
• Effects of crude flavonoids from tatary buckwheat on alloxan-induced oxidative stress in mice by Gong, Fayong; Li, Fenglin; Zhang, Wanming; Li, Jing; Zhang, Zhong (2012) - After induction of diabetes, diabetic mice were randomly divided into four groups: One diabetic control group and three different doses of FTB (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) treated groups, with non-diabetic mice used as the normal control group. In addition, we have reported that FTB have hypoglycemic effects in diabetic mice (Li et al., 2012). Keywords: buckwheat; diabetic; effects; ftb; group; mice; stress
• Effect of safflower yellow on platelet activating factor mediated platelet activation in patients with coronary heart disease by Huang, Damin; Lu, Yingmin; Luo, Xiaohan; Shi, Laixin; Zhang, Jinchun; Shen, Junxian; Bao, Minmin; Song, Lei; Wei, Caiwen; Li, Hongsong; Li, Zhihua (2012) - Safflower yellow 1.6 20.8 ± 2.1a 81.2a (n= 3, x ± s); ap<0.05 vs normal saline group Table II Effect of safflower yellow on PAF (2.0×10- 9 mol/L) induced 5-HT release by platelets Group Concentration (pg/L) Safflower can improve the hypercoagulable state in different ways: 1) safflower can inhibit the activity of platelets to affect the adhe- rence, aggregation of platelets and release of infla- mmatory factors by platelets, which inhibit the initial step in the thrombosis; thus safflower yellow can inhibit the formation of arterial thrombus the major ingredient of which is platelet. Keywords: aggregation; calcium; effect; free; group; paf; platelet; safflower; yellow
• Effects of polysaccharides from Cordyceps sinensis mycelium on physical fatigue in mice by Yan, Feng; Zhang, Yan; Wang, Beibei (2012) - The polysaccharides from Cordyceps sinensis have been reported to exhibit a Abstract This study was designed to determine the effects of polysaccharides from Cordyceps sinensis mycelium (CSP) on physical fatigue in mice. A Journal of the Bangladesh Pharmacological Society (BDPS) Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2012; 7: 217-221 Journal homepage: www.banglajol.info; www.bdjpharmacol.com Abstracted/indexed in Academic Search Complete, Agroforestry Abstracts, Asia Journals Online, Bangladesh Journals Online, Biological Abstracts, BIOSIS Previews, CAB Abstracts, Current Abstracts, Directory of Open Access Journals, EMBASE/Excerpta Medica, Google Scholar, HINARI (WHO), International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, Open J-gate, Science Citation Index Expanded, SCOPUS and Social Sciences Citation Index ISSN: 1991-0088 Effects of polysaccharides from Cordyceps sinensis mycelium on physical fatigue in mice Feng Yan1, Yan Zhang 2 and Beibei Wang1 1Department of Physical Education, University of International Business and Economics, Beijing 10029, China; 2Harbin Institute of Physical Education, Harbin 150008, China. Keywords: blood; csp; effects; fatigue; glycogen; group; mice; sinensis
• Effects of Gymnema lactiferum leaves on glycemic and lipidemic status in type 2 diabetes subjects by Bandara, Thushari; Rokeya, Begum; Khan, Sakina; Ali, Liaquat; Ekanayake, Sagarika; Jansz, Errol R.; Balasubramanium, Kandiah (2009) - Further the chron- ic consumption of leaf powder produced a significant decline (p=0.004) in serum total cholesterol levels and serum LDL levels (p=0.023). The effect of G. lactiferum leaf powder on fasting se- rum glucose levels has been shown in Table II. Keywords: day; group; lactiferum; leaf; levels; patients; powder; serum
• Effect of Aralia chinensis on serum TNF-a, IL-4 and IL-10 level in rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis by Yi, Lei; Feng, Jianjun; Ji, Haiwang; Zhang, Xuechong (2012) - The remaining rats were divided randomly into 3 groups (n = 8 per group): Adjuvant arthritis group, T. wilfordii group and A. chinensis extract group. In the control and adjuvant arthritis groups, rats received intragastrically treatment with normal saline of equal volume once daily for 28 days. Keywords: adjuvant; arthritis; chinensis; group; il-4; rats
• N-acetyl glucosamine improves intestinal mucosal barrier function in rat by Liu, Yanxia; Xu, Weiwei; Liu, Lei; Guo, Linming; Deng, Yu; Liu, Junkang (2012) - Intestinal epithelial tight junctions as targets for enteric bacteria-derived toxins. These results indicated that the intestinal permeability was improved following GlcNAc treatment, suggesting the improvement in intestinal mucosal barrier. Keywords: acid; barrier; dao; glcnac; group; ibs; mucosal; rats
• Bioactive traditional plant Cinnamomum zeylanicum successfully combat against nephrotoxic effects of aminoglycosides by Ullah, Naveed; Khan, Mir Azam; Khan, Taous; Ahmad, Waqar (2013) - The body weight of animals treated with both gentamicin and C. zeylanicum were found significantly different from group G animals, exactly same as group C (Figure 1A). (A) Percent loss in mean body weight in group G animals (gentamicin treated) significantly different from control group, extract treated group and animals treat- ed with both gentamicin and extract. Keywords: animals; day; gentamicin; group; serum; zeylanicum
• Effect of Sechium edule on chemical induced kidney damage in experimental animals by Mumtaz, Sayeed Mohammed Firdous; Paul, Shounak; Bag, Anupam Kanti (2012) - Total protein (mg/dL) Normal control 25.1 ± 2.0 17.0 ± 5.7 1.0 ± 0.0 6.8 ± 0.2 Potassium dichromate (15 g/kg) 61.2 ± 3.2a 28.6 ± 1.5a 2.1 ± 0.1a 3.0 ± 0.1a Aqueous extract (200 mg/kg) 37.0 ± 1.8b 17.3 ± 0.8b 1.3 ± 0.0b 5.2 ± 0.3b Aqueous extract (100 mg/kg) 52.2 ± 2.3 24.4 ± 1.1 2.0 ± 0.1b 4.2 ± 0.1b Values are expressed as mean ± SEM, n = 6; ap<0.001 considered statistically significant as compared to normal control group; bp<0.001 consid- ered statistically significant Table III Effect of aqueous extract of leaves of Sechium edule on biochemical parameters in streptozotocin-induced dia- betic nephropathy in mice Treatment design Blood urea (mg/dL) Blood urea nitrogen (mg/dL) Serum creatinine (mg/dL) So, in the present study the effect of aqueous extract of leaves of S. edule was investigated in chemical-induced kidney damage in experimental animals. Keywords: blood; edule; extract; group; rats; sechium; serum; urea
• Hypoglycemic activity and the activation of phosphorylation of a triterpenoid-rich extract from Euryale shell on streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice by Yuan, Huaibo; Meng, Shaohua; Gong, Zhaobin; Chen, Deyi; Zhang, Cuan (2013) - This result indicated that feeding the mice with ES extracts could inhibit the expression of PTP1B in diabetic mice. Each 25 μL of the RT reaction contained 11.4 μL of sterile de-ionized H2O, 2.5 μL of 1 × PCR Buffer, 2.5 μL of 0.2 mmol/L dNTP mixture, 1.3 μL of each 0.5 μmol/ L primer for either PTP1B or PI-3K PKB, 0.1 μL of 0.5 μg/25 μL Taq DNA polymerase, 1.5 μL of 1.5 mmol/L MgCl2, and 2 μL of 10 pg/μg cDNA. Keywords: diabetic; expression; extract; group; insulin; liver; mice; pi-3k; pkb; protein; ptp1b
• Hepatoprotective and nephroprotective activity of hydroalcoholic extract of Ipomoea staphylina leaves by Bag, Anupam Kanti; Mumtaz, S. M. Firdous (2013) - In CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity in rats, our results suggest that the treatment with I. staphylina extract and its different fractions significantly reduced the enhanced level of serum ALT, AST which seem to offer the protection and maintain the functional integrity of hepatic cells. Hepatoprotective activity of hydroalcoholic extract leaves of Alocassie indica. Keywords: extract; group; ipomoea; leaves; rats; serum; staphylina
• Comparison of the safety and efficacy of ivabradine and nebivolol mono- and combination therapies in the treatment of stable angina pectoris patients with left ventricular dysfunction by Kutlu, Rasim; Memetoglu, Mehmet Erdem; Muratalievic, Tolkun Murataliev (2013) - This study has also shown that ivabradine use represents an advancement in the treatment of stable angina pectoris patients with heart rates ≥70 beats per minute, and that the isolated decrease in heart rate caused by ivabradine decreased the occurrence of coronary events even in patients already receiving optimal cardiovascular protective therapies. This study has also shown that ivabradine use represents advancement in the treatment of stable angina pectoris patients with heart rates of ≥70 beats per minute, and that the isolated decrease in heart rate caused by ivabradine decreased the occurrence of coronary events even in patients already receiving optimal cardiovascular protective therapies. Keywords: angina; combination; group; heart; ivabradine; nebivolol; patients; pectoris; study; treatment
• Hepatoprotective potential of Convolvulus arvensis against paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity by Ali, Mohsin; Qadir, M. Imran; Saleem, Mohammad; Janbaz, Khalid Hussain; Gul, Humaira; Hussain, Liaqat; Ahmad, Bashir (2013) - Group IV was treated with C. arvensis extract at doses of 250 mg/kg (p.o) for 7 days and received paracetamol 250 mg/kg (p.o) for 7 days 3 hours after the extract dose. Group V was treated with C. arvensis extract at doses of 500 mg/kg (p.o) for 7 days and received paracetamol 250 mg/kg (p.o) for seven days 3 hours after the extract dose (Sabir and Rocha, 2008). Keywords: arvensis; extract; group; hepatoprotective; paracetamol
• Antihyperlipidemic and renoprotective activities of methanolic extract of Canscora decussata extract in alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits by Irshad, Nadeem; Akhtar, Muhammad Shoaib; Kamal, Yousaf; Qayyum, Muhammad Imran; Malik, Abdul; Hussain, Rashid (2013) - The AI and CRI also decreased significantly (p<0.001) as compared to diabetic group. The results showed that extract significantly (p<0.01) decreased the raised parameters including triglyceride, total cholesterol and LDL- cholesterol, atherogenic index, Coronary risk index up to normal values compared to diabetic rabbits. Keywords: alloxan; bangladesh; cholesterol; diabetes; diabetic; et al; extract; group; pharmacol; rabbits
• Hepatoprotective potential of Azima tetracantha and Tribulus terrestris on ferrous sulfate-induced toxicity in rat by Sambasivam, Manikandaselvi; Ravikumar, R.; Thinagarbabu, R.; Davidraj, C.; Arvind, S. (2013) - 358 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2013; 8: 357-360 Table I Changes in the levels of serum sugar, bilirubin, cellular enzyme and protein levels Parameters Group I Group II Group III Group IV Group V Sugar 90.5 ± 4.6 285.5 ± 4.2a 145.0 ± 4.1b 128.5 ± 2.9b 164.0 ± 7.2b Bilirubin 0.4 ± 0.2 1.6 ± 0.3a 1.2 ± 0.2ns 0.9 ± 0.2b 1.3 ± 0.2ns Protein 6.97 ± 0.2 2.9 ± 0.2a 6.6 ± 0.1b 6.8 ± 0.3b 6.6 ± 0.4b Albumin 3.6 ± 0.2 1.9 ± 0.3a 3.1 ± 0.2b 3.6 ± 0.3b 2.8 ± 0.2b Globulin 2.87 ± 0.1 1 ± 0.4a 3.7 ± 0.6b 3.1 ± 0.2b 3.8 ± 0.4b A/G Ratio 1.4 ± 0.1 2.5 ± 2.1ns 0.9 ± 0.2b 1.2 ± 0.2b 0.8 ± 0.2b Alkaline phosphatase 135.5 ± 2.8 447.0 ± 6.4a 210.0 ± 6.3b 163.7 ± 3.6b 7.0ns 103.1 ± 1.7ns 150.8 ± 8.7ns VLDL 18.0 ± 0.5 40.0 ± 0.4a 19.9 ± 0.5b 24.1 ± 0.7b 22.1 ± 0.1b TBARS 0.4 ± 0.1 0.8 ± 0.1a 0.5 ± 0.1b 0.46.0 ± 0.2b 0.53 ± 0.1b Superoxide dismutase 36.0 ± 2.1 18.7 ± 5.9a 32.5 ± 3.9b 35.2 ± 3.7b 30.8 ± 5.1ns Keywords: group; iron; levels; liver; rats; sulfate; terrestris; tetracantha
• Elemental compositions and antianemic property of Harungana madagascariensis stem bark by Iwalewa, Ezekiel Olugbenga; Omisore, Nusrat O.; Daniyan, Oluwatoyin M.; Adewunmi, Clement Oladapo; Taiwo, Bamigboye J.; Fatokun, Oluwatobi A.; Oluborode, Isaac O. (2009) - From the results of malaria induced anemia groups, it is glaringly clear that the constituents of H. madagascariensis stem bark have elevated and contributed to the depleted constituents of the blood. This is very significant, as Fe and Ca are known to enhance the 118 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2009; 4: 115-121 Table II Antianemic property of H. madagascariensis stem bark extract against Plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis (rodent malaria parasite)-induced anemia Treatments (mg/kg) / days PCV (%) RBC Hemoglobin (g/dL) D0 D3 D6 D0 D3 D6 D0 D3 D6 Control 54.3 41.3 30.0 130 x 104 99 x 104 67 x Keywords: anemia; bark; elements; extract; group; hemoglobin; madagascariensis; malaria; pcv; rats; rbc; stem; treatment
• Effect of semen sojae germinatum on experimental osteoarthritis in the rabbit knee by He, Bingshu; Wang, Jun (2013) - The results of this study demonstrated that the contents of PGE2, NO, TNF- , IL-6 and IL-1 in synovia and expressions of MMP-3, MMP-13 in cartilage were elevated in OA model group, whereas the elevation of PGE2, NO, TNF- , IL-6, IL-1 , MMP-3 and MMP-13 levels were significantly suppressed in SSG groups. In SSG group, cartilage lesions associated with OA were clearly seen, but the severity was milder than in OA group (Figure 1 A). Keywords: cartilage; chinese; control; et al; group; knee; matrix; model; osteoarthritis; protein; rabbits; ssg
• A double-blind, randomize, placebo-control trial to evaluate the effect of Nigella sativa on palmar arsenical keratosis patients by Bashar, Tahmina; Misbahuddin, Mir; Hossain, Md. Amir (2014) - Ebru U, Burak U, Yusuf S, Reyhan B, Arif K, Faruk TH, Emin M, Aydin K, Atilla II, Semsettin S, Kemal E. Cardio- protective effects of Nigella sativa oil on cyclosporine A- induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Hypoglycemic Effects of the volatile oil of Nigella sativa seeds. Keywords: arsenic; arsenical; bangladesh; group; keratosis; nigella; palmar; patients; sativa; study; treatment
• In vivo antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of methanolic extract of dioclea reflexa seed in rats following acute or chronic liver injury by Iliemene, Uju Dorothy; Atawodi, Sunday Ene-Ojo (2014) - 9: 112-117 115 A B Figure 1: Mean aminotransferases activities in serum following daily intraperitoneal administration of D. reflexa extract (2.5 mg/ kg) with 72 hourly injection of carbon tetrachloride (0.3 mL/kg) for 10 days (A); intoxicated with carbon tetrachloride (0.6 mL/kg) following three days pre-treatment with methanol extract of D. reflexa (5.0 mg/kg) (B) 116 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2014; 9: 112-117 Figure 4: Mean serum, liver, kidney, and heart superoxide dismutase levels of rats following daily intraperitoneal administration of D. reflexa extract (2.5 mg/kg) with 72 hourly carbon tetrachloride intoxication (0.3 mL/kg) for 10 days (A); rats intoxicated with carbon tetrachloride (0.6 mL/kg) following three days pre-treatment with methanol extract of D. reflexa (5.0 mg/kg) (B) A B References Abei H. Catalase. Keywords: anti; atawodi; carbon; extract; group; rats; reflexa; tetrachloride
• Cardioprotective effect of Trichopus zeylanicus against myocardial ischemia induced by isoproterenol in rats by Velavan, Sivanandham; Selvarani, S.; Adhithan, A. (2009) - Wister strain rats were pretreated with T. zeylanicus leaves (500 mg/kg body weight) for 28 days and then intoxicated with isoproterenol (20 mg/100 g, i.p. for 2 consecutive days). Earlier studies on T. zeylanicus in experimental animals have shown several pharmacological activities such as hepatoproctection, anti-ulcer activity, anti-fatigue, anti- inflammatory activity, antioxidant activity, aphrodisiac activity, anti-stress, enhancement of swimming perfor- mance and immunomodulation (Sharma et al., 1989; Keywords: group; heart; isoproterenol; plasma; rats; zeylanicus
• Equisetum sylvaticum base reduces atherosclerosis risk factors in rats fed a high-fat diet by Lin, Cheng-He; Xu, Hua-Li; Sun, Wei-Lun; Li, Feng; Lin, Guang-Zhu (2014) - Model indicates high-fat diet group; 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg indicate ESA level. Sixty rats were randomly divided into six groups with 10 rats in each group: Normal group (fed with normal diet), model group (fed with high-fat diet), ESA groups (fed with high-fat diet and ESA at 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg body weight) and lovastatin group (fed with high-fat diet and lovastatin at 2.5 mg/kg body weight) as a positive control. Keywords: cholesterol; diet; effects; esa; fat; group; levels; lipid; rats; serum
• Hepatoprotective effects of methanolic extract of Alcea rosea against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in mice by Hussain, Liaqat; Akash, Muhammad Sajid Hamid; Tahir, Madeha; Rehman, Kanwal; Ahmed, Khwaja Zafar (2014) - Aqueous methanolic extract of A. rosea were given orally for 7 consecutive days followed by daily toxic dose of acetaminophen. At the end of treatment period, evaluation of hepatoprotective activity of A. rosea was done on basis of levels of liver enzyme markers (aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin) and histopathological examination of liver tissues. Keywords: animals; bangladesh; group; hepatoprotective; levels; liver; pharmacol; rosea
• Anti-acne activity of Casuarina equisetifolia bark extract: A randomized clinical trial by Shafiq, Yousra; Naqvi, Baqir Shyum; Rizwani, Ghazala H.; Usman, Muhammed; Shah, Barkat Ali; Aslam, Muhammad; Hina, Bushra (2014) - Exclusion criteria include a) patients with any mental and physical insufficiencies, genetic and endocrine disorders and other systemic illness, b) breast feeding mothers and pregnant women, c) acne patients except acne vulgaris (acne fulminans, acne rosaceous, acne necrotic), d) patients under 17 and above 34 years of age, e) patients who took any anti acne medication like isotretinoic acid, clindamycin gel or any oral antibiotic for acne treatment in last two months or any hormonal preparations, e.g. oral contraceptive pills. Effects of benzoyl peroxide and erythromycin alone and in combination against antibiotic-sensitive and -resistant skin bacteria from acne patients. Keywords: acne; cream; equisetifolia; extract; grade; grading; group; patients; study
• Zostera noltii extract lowers blood glucose and restores vascular function in diabetic rats by Haznedaroglu, M. Zeki; Gokce, Goksel (2014) - Table I Effects of Z. noltii extract (single dose) on serum glucose levels in alloxan-induced diabetic rats Group Serum glucose (mg/dL) Treatment (mg/kg) 0 hour 2 hour 4 hour 6 hour 8 hour I Normal 71.7 ± 6.8 68.4 ± 7.1 65.2 ± 8.1 68.6 ± 8.3 70.3 ± 8.1 II Control (alloxan) 269.1 ± 11.7a 275.3 ± 10.9a 278.2 ± 12.1a 274.3 ± 9.2a 268.6 ± 8.8a III Z. noltii extract (50) 262.6 ± 10.8 265.6 ± 9.8 259.4 ± 9.7 256.4 ± 11.1 253.7 ± 9.9 IV Z. noltii extract (150) 259.3 ± 9.7 254.2 ± 9.3 238.6 ± 8.8 206.1 ± 10.4b 215.4 ± 10.2c V Z. noltii extract (250) 255.1 ± 12.1 243.1 ± 11.1 231.7 ± 9.1 192.4 ± 9.6b 199.5 ± 9.7b Serum glucose levels were obtained from fasted rats on the 3rd day after alloxan administration. In the single dose study, effects of Z. noltii extract on blood glucose levels were evaluated on the 3rd day after alloxan administration. Keywords: alloxan; anti; control; diabetes; diabetic; effects; extract; glucose; group; levels; noltii; noltii extract; rats; z. noltii
• Antihyperlipidemic effect of Berberis orthobotrys in hyperlipidemic animal models by Alamgeer, .; Ghuffar, Aqsa; Ahmad, Taseer; Mushtaq, Muhammad Naveed (2014) - Normal control 86.7 ± 1.7 65.2 ± 0.4 25.4 ± 0.5 45.5 ± 1.8 13.0 ± 0.1 2.3 ± 0.1 3.3 ± 0.1 II High fat diet 266.9 ± .3a 246.2 ± 8.1a 14.4 ± 0.6a 212.2 ± 1.9a 49.2 ± 1.6a 17.5 ± 0.8a 18.5 ± 0.8a III Atorvastatin + High fat diet 76.8 ± 0.3a 56 ± 0.7a 37 ± 0.8a 28.4 ± 0.5a 11.2 ± 0.0a 1 ± 0.0a 2.0 ± 0.0a IV Extract (50 mg/ kg) + Groups TC mg/dL TG mg/dL HDL mg/dL LDL mg/dL VLDL mg/dL AI CRI I Normal control 68.0 ± 0.4 58.2 ± 0.4 41.7 ± 0.2 42.5 ± 0.2 11.6 ± 0.0 0.6 ± 0.0 1.5 ± 0.0 II Olive oil 99.7 ± 0.4a 100.0 ± 0.0a 44.2 ± 0.9ns 66.5 ± 1.1a 20.1 ± 0.9a 1.2 ± 0.0ns 2.2 ± 0.1ns III Atorvastatin + Olive oil 52.0 ± 0.4a 59.6 ± 0.4a 60.0 ± 1.5a 43.7 ± 0.7a 11.9 ± 0.1a 0.0 ± 0.0ns 0.82 ± Keywords: cholesterol; control; extract; group; orthobotrys; rats
• Antihyperglycemic and hypolipidemic potential of Caesalpinia decapetala in alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits by Hussain, Liaqat; Qadir, Muhammad Imran; Rehman, Shafiq-ur- (2014) - Extract showed dose dependant reduction of anti-hyperglycemic effects in diabetic rabbits of group C and D which are very much comparable to standard drug given alone in Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2014; 9: 529-532 531 Table II Effect of Caesalpinia decapetala on blood glucose level Group Glucose (mg/dL) Pre- treatment Day 0 Day 1 Day 7 Day 14 Control 120.7 ± 4.1 115.0 ± 1.4 112.7 ± 3.0 110.7 ± 2.3 120.7 ± 4.1 Alloxan 119.0 ± 5.6 285.3 ± 4.9 277.3 ± 3.7 286.2 ± 0.9 285.1 ± 1.6 Extract (300 mg) 129.3 ± 4.4 261.5 ± 3.7 249.3 ± 2.0 203.7 ± 2.3 180.1 ± 3.9 Extract (500 mg) 125.8 ± 4.6 249.8 ± 4.0 220.8 ± 3.1 188.0 ± 1.2 156.7 ± 2.4 Glibenclamide (5 mg/kg) 124.3 ± 3.2 245.5 ± 2.0 215.2 ± 2.0 184.0 ± 6.0 150.3 ± 2.0 Glibenclamide (5 mg/kg) + Extract (500 mg/kg, oral) Group H Normal control (Receiving extract only 300 mg/kg oral) Urea and creatinine level were significantly decreased after the administration of C. decapetala extract. Keywords: alloxan; decapetala; extract; group; rabbits
• Hepatoprotective activity of Sonchus asper in paracetamol-induced hepatic damage in rabbits by Ullah, Aftab-; Ahmad, Mahmood; Ahmad, Taseer; Naseer, Faiza Naseer (2015) - Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Volume: 10; Number 1; Year 2015 Cite this article as: Aftab-Ullah, Ahmad M, Ahmad T, Naseer F. Hepatoprotective activity of Sonchus asper in paracetamol-induced hepatic damage in rabbits. Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2015; 10: 115 Hepatoprotective activity of Sonchus asper in paracetamol-induced hepatic damage in rabbits Sir, Hepatoprotective activity of Sonchus asper against car- bon tetrachloride-induced injuries in male rats was reported (Khan et al., 2012). Keywords: group; paracetamol
• Cardioprotective activity of fruits of Sechium edule by Neeraja, Kosanam; Debnath, Rabindra; Firdous, S. M. (2015) - A lectin from the exudate of S. edule was purified (Vozari-Hampe et al., 1992). Twenty known Gibberellins’ have been identified in extracts of the seeds of S. edule (Albone et al., 1984). Keywords: cholesterol; edule; extract; group; isoproterenol; rats; sechium
• Preliminary phytochemical screening and evaluation of hypoglycemic properties of the root extract of Uveria chamae by Emeka, Emordi Jonathan; Oluwatoyin, Agbaje Esther; Adekunle, Oreagba Ibrahim; Ignis, Iribhogbe Osede (2015) - Decrease in blood glucose level occurred after 30 min but the blood glucose level failed to return to baseline after 120 min. There was a significant decrease (p<0.05) in blood glucose levels at 30, 60 and 120 min with a percentage decrease of 57.5, 28.6 and 41.4% respectively in the group of rats treated with 500 mg/kg dose of extract compared with control. The oral glucose tolerance test result also showed a significant decrease (p<0.05) in blood glucose levels. Keywords: blood; chamae; diabetes; extract; glucose; group; hours; levels; rats
• In vitro and in vivo evaluation of antitumor activity of methanolic extract of Argyreia nervosa leaves on Ehrlich ascites carcinoma by Sharma, Bhawna; Dhamija, Isha; Kumar, Sandeep; Chaudhary, Hema (2015) - These results could indicate either a direct tumorigenic effect of extract on tumor cells or an indirect effect (Dhamija et al., 2013; Zandi et al., 2013). Significant %reduction in tumor volume was observed in extract treated group when compared to EAC control group. Keywords: cell; control; eac; extract; group; mice; nervosa; test; tumor
• Cytotoxic effect of methanol extract of Conyza bonariensis on DMBA-induced skin carcinogenesis: An in vivo study by Saleem, Mohammad; Naseer, Faiza; Hussain, Khalid; Alamgeer, - (2015) - Many plants like Convolvulous arvensis (Saleem at al, 2014), Catharanthus roseus (Cragg and Newman, 2005; Okouneva et al., 2003; Simeons et al., 2008), Podophyllum peltatum and Podophyllum emodi (Shoeb et al., 2006), Taxus brevifolia Nutt, Taxus baccata (Kingston, 2007; Hait et al., 2007), Camptotheca acuminate (Zhang et al., 2004, Fuchs et al., 2006), Berberis amarensis (Xie et al., 2009; Xu et al., 2006), Hvdrastis canadensis L (Wang et al., 2011; Patil et al., 2010), Tabebuia avellanedae (Li et al., 2000; De Almeida, 2009), Betula alba (Fulda, 2008), Colchicum autumnale (Dubey et al., 2008), Curcuma longa (Sa et al., 2010; Goel et al., 2008), Wikstroemia indica (Lu et al. 2011; It is a potent bioactive molecule that possess anticarcinogenic potential since it can interfere with the initiation, development and progression of cancer by the modulation of cellular proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, angiogenesis and metastasis (Kumar et al., 2011). Keywords: bonariensis; croton; dmba; et al; extract; group; methanol; mice; oil; skin; tumor; week
• Effects of paeonol on the expression of NF-κB pathways in human umbilical veins endothelial cells induced by homocysteine by Xu, Qian; Cao, Kai; Xiao, Yan-Hong; Du, Chao; Dong, Xian-Hui; Wang, Yu; Zhou, Xiao-Hui (2015) - Compared with normal control group, △p<0.01; Compared with homocysteine injured model group, *p<0.01;Normal: normal control group; Model: Homocysteine injured model group; L-Pae: low- dose group of paeonol; M-Pae: middle-dose group of paeonol; H-Pae: high-dose group of paeonol mRNA expression in the low-dose, the middle-dose and the high-dose group of paeonol was remarkably lower than that of homocysteine model group (p<0.05, p<0.01) and they were in a dose-dependent manner (p<0.05) (Figure 2). Normal control group cells are maintained in DMEM supplemented with 10%(v/v) fetal calf serum. Keywords: control; dose; dose group; expression; group; homocysteine; model; paeonol
• Nigella sativa improves the carbon tetrachloride-induced lung damage in rats through repression of erk/akt pathway by Aslan, Abdullah; Boydak, Didem; Can, Muhammed Ismail; Kuloglu, Tuncay (2015) - Even though the weight increase in the CCl4 + N. sativa group is lower in comparison with that of the control groups, a higher weight increase has been observed in comparison with the CCl4 group. In addition, caspase-9 expression increased in the CCl4 + N. sativa group in comparison with the CCl4group (Figure 1B). Keywords: ccl4; control; effects; group; lung; protein; rats; sativa; water
• Effects of intravenous arginine on the healing of human skin graft donor sites: A randomized controlled trial by Li, Ke; Lin, Wei; Wu, Li-Jun; Qi, Qiang; Shen, Guo Liang; Liu, Jian Jiang; Chen, Wei Xin; Xu, Jun; Qian, Hangen; Zhao, Xiao Yu (2015) - A randomized controlled trial on skin graft donor sites. Oral arginine supplementation and the effect on skin graft donor sites: A randomized clinical pilot study. Keywords: arginine; day; donor; graft; group; healing; plasma; sites; skin; wound
• The wound healing effect of Iris forentina on full thickness excisional skin wounds: A histomorphometrical study by Mirmalek, Seyed Abbas; Parsa, Tina; Parsa, Yekta; Yadollah-Damavandi, Soheila; Salimi-Tabatabaee, Seyed Alireza; Jangholi, Ehsan; Hosseini, Sahar; Ashkani-Esfahani, Soheil; Abooghadareh, Hanieh; Haghighifard, Erfan (2015) - Results indicated that I. florentina can be prescribed as a herbal medicine for treatment of skin wounds or be used as an additional agent for today's common medicines. Conclusion Overall, I. florentina, a medicinal herb which is introduced by ancient medicine for various skin problems, specifically skin injuries, and also was evaluated by today's scientific researches, has shown beneficial properties to be prescribed as a natural remedy or an additional treatment for skin wounds. Keywords: control; florentina; group; healing; iris; skin; study; vehicle; wound
• Effect of Pericampylus glaucus on plasma glucose concentration and lipid profile in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by Kifayatullah, Muhammad; Sengupta, Pinaki (2016) - However, the crude plant extract of P. glaucus at a dose of 800 mg/kg produced significant reduction in total cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein, urea, creatinine increased in high density lipoprotein levels in treated diabetic rats compared to untreated diabetic rats which will definitely reduce the complications associated with diabetes. In diabetic rat, the ethanolic extracts at same dosage of 800 mg/kg produced reduction in blood glucose (14.4 ± 0.2; p< 0.05) after 2 hours of the treatment that became significant (p<0.001) after 4 hours when compared to untreated diabetic control group. Keywords: blood; diabetic; extract; glaucus; glucose; group; rats; streptozotocin
• Diuretic activity of the bark of Eysenhardtia polystachya by Pablo-Pérez, Saudy Saret; Estévez-Carmona, María Mirian; Meléndez-Camargo, María Estela (2016) - Antiurolithiatic activity of Eysenhardtia polystachya aqueous extract on rats. I Effect of E. polystachya aqueous extract on urinary excretion and clearances of sodium and potassium Treatment group Urinary excretion of potassium (mEq/min) Sodium clearance (μL/min) Potassium clearance (μL/min) Control (vehicle) 0.6 ± 0.1 5.2 ± 1.0 138.3 ± 22.3 Furosemide (4 mg/kg) 1.6 ± 0.4a 14.8 ± 2.5a 396.9 ± 67.8a Extract (125 mg/kg) 0.8 ± 0.1b 6.9 ± 0.8b 212.2 ± 37.7b Extract (250 mg/kg) 0.8 ± 0.1b 8.4 ± 1.3b 191.9 ± 27.3b Extract (500 mg/kg) 0.9 ± 0.2 8.6 ± 1.8a 252.1 ± 46.2 Extract (750 mg/kg) 0.9 ± 0.2 10.2 ± 2.2a 259.1 ± 56.2 Data are mean ± SEM of six animals in all groups. Keywords: diuretic; extract; furosemide; group; polystachya
• Hypoglycemic effect of poly-herbal combination in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by Kurian, Gino A. (2016) - The results were com- pared with diabetic control rats (group 2) and normal control (group 1), where no STZ was administered. The results were compared with diabetic control rats (group 2) and normal control (group 1), where no streptozotocin was administered. Keywords: blood; cholesterol; control; diabetes; diabetes control; diabetic; effect; g-400; g400; glibenclamide; group; insulin; rats; streptozotocin
• Evaluation of possible mechanisms of three plants for blood glucose control in diabetes by Dalu, Damayanthi; Dhulipala, Satyavati (2016) - Cheng et al., 2006; Kim et al., 2007; Lee et al., 2006; Zhou et al., 2007; Table III Effect of C. orbiculatus, L. indica and V. maderaspatana on glucose uptake in isolated rat hemidiaphragm (mg/g/30 min) Group Treatment (mg/kg) Glucose uptake in normal rats Glucose uptake in diabetic rats I Normal 5.4 ± 0.15 4.7 ± 0.2 II Insulin (0.4 IU) 12.7 ± 0.6b (57.5%) 11.5 ± 0.8b\ (59.2%) III Metformin (0.1%) 9.6 ± 0.2b (43.5%) 8.3 ± 0.9b (43.6%) IV C. orbiculatus (300) 8.4 ± 0.3b (35.7%) 7.5 ± 0.4b (37.7%) V L. indica (400) 9.1 ± 0.5b (40.7%) 7.9 ± 0.2b (40.8%) Therefore, the present investigation was aimed to ascertain in vivo anti-diabetic activity by methods such as glucose uptake activity using isolated rat diaphragm and glycogen synthesis in liver, skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle and in vitro anti-diabetic activity by inhibiting -glucosidase enzyme. Keywords: content; diabetic; glucose; glycogen; group; maderaspatana; muscle; orbiculatus; uptake
• Shenfu injection provides protection for perinatal asphyxia in neonates by Jiang, Yu; Zhang, Rong-Rong; Yang, Li-Juan; Wu, Zhen; Chen, Huai-Ping; Zhao, Sai; Tian, Zhao-Fang (2016) - Eighty neonates with asphyxia were randomly divided into two groups, treatment group and control group (n=40). The neurobehavioral score was significantly higher in treatment group than in control group. Keywords: asphyxia; control; day; group; injection; neonates; shenfu; treatment
• Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation offers greater improvement in COPD-related respiratory failure when combined with naloxone by Zhang, Long; Zhao, Wei; Xu, Qinfu; Zhao, Yumiao; Zhao, Junjie; Ren, Yin-long; Liu, Yu-jing; Li, Jing; Xu, Ai-Guo (2016) - Before treatment, no differences were observed between treatment groups regarding PIP, PP, Pm, VE, or R (each p value >0.05, Table I). Therefore, NPPV now plays a proactive role in the improvement of acute respiratory failure in patients. Keywords: copd; days; failure; group; naloxone; nppv; patients; pulmonary; treatment
• Effects of motherwort alkaloids on rat ear acne by Mingsan, Miao; Yan, Li; Tan, Wang; Ting, Wang; Ming, Bai; Jinxin, Miao; Bao, Gong (2016) - High dose of TALH group rats auricle partial skin squamous epithelial cells did not show proliferous thickening. Medium dose of TALH group rats auricle partial skin squamous epithelial cells did not show proliferous thickening. Keywords: acne; auricle; dose; group; model; motherwort; rats; talh
• Effect of Cynomorium flavonoids on mouse model of perimenopausal depression by Miao, Mingsan; Wang, Tan; Li, Yan; Li, Min; Guo, Lin; Zhang, Ying (2016) - The large dose of Cynomorium flavonoids group could obviously extend the avoiding latency of dark avoidance method experiment (p<0.05). The large, middle dose of Cynomorium flavonoids group and the Gengnian’an capsule group could significant reduce the number of being shocked in the dark avoidance method experiment (p<0.01). Keywords: cynomorium; depression; dose; flavonoids; group; mice; model; perimenopausal
• Intravenous caffeine versus intravenous ketorolac for the management of moderate to severe migraine headache by Baratloo, Alireza; Bafarani, Sara Arab; Forouzanfar, Mohammad Mehdi; Hashemi, Behrooz; Friedman, Benjamin Wolkin; Abdalvand, Ali (2016) - Shahrami A, Assarzadegan F, Hatamabadi HR, Asgarzadeh M, Sarehbandi B, Asgarzadeh S. Comparison of therapeutic effects of magnesium sulfate vs. dexamethasone/metoclo- pramide on alleviating acute migraine headache. Abstract The aim of this study was to determine if intravenous caffeine is as effective as intravenous ketorolac for the treatment of moderate to severe migraine headaches. Keywords: caffeine; group; ketorolac; migraine; pain; patients; study
• Angiogenesis and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and endostatin protein in myocardial infarction rat model by Zheng, Chenglong; Yang, Panchu; Zhang, Lu; Wang, Zhiyong; Chen, Kun; Lan, Yue; Zhai, Xing; Huang, Kun; Guo, Shuwen (2016) - Data are mean ± SD; n=11; One-way analysis of variance, compared with the sham group at the same time, ap<0.05，bp<0.01; compared with the model group at the same time, cp<0.05; compared with the same group at 1th week, dp<0.05 compared with the same group at 2th week, ep<0.0 compared with the TXL group at the same time, fp<0.05 S4 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2016; 11: S1-S7 endostatin protein expression of qi group, blood group, 1:2 group, 2:1 group and TXL group was significantly higher at second week than the first week (p>0.05),however, there were statistical significances between the 4th week and 2nd week, which was higher than sham group and model group at the same time (p<0.05). Compared with the model group, the vascular endothelial growth factor expression of qi group, blood group, 1:2 group, 2:1 group and TXL group was significantly higher (p<0.05). Keywords: blood; blood group; expression; factor; group; growth; infarction; model group; sham; time
• Neuroprotective effects of electroacupuncture on hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in newborn rats association with increased expression of mTOR by Xu, Tao; Zhao, Na; Liu, Jing-Dong; Xiao-Mei, Mo; Zhang, Hui; Qin, Peng-Fei; Feng, Xiang-Chun; Sun, Qing (2016) - 21 Shame-surgery group HIE model group Shame acupuncture group Acupuncture group Antagonist group Antagonist and acupuncture group F A1 A3 A7 A21 B1 B3 B7 B21 C1 C3 C7 C21 D1 D3 D7 D21 E1 E3 E7 E21 Figure 1: Effect of electroacupuncture treatment on neuronal damage in the injured cortex of rat with HIE (Hematoxylin-eosin staining , optical microscope, ×200). Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2016; 11: S98-S105 S103 apoptosis and promote neurological functional recovery in a focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injured rat model (Lan et al., 2013; Hong et al., 2013; Chen et al., 2012; Zhao et al., 2010). Keywords: cell; day; electroacupuncture; et al; expression; group; hie; model; model group; mtor; protein; rats; treatment
• Acupuncture compares with Western medicine for climacteric depression by Hong, Quan Xiao; Hong, Ma; Ying, Li; Cai, Wu; Hua, Chen Xiu (2016) - In view of this, we analyzed studies on simple acupunc- ture compared to Western medicine for climacteric depression according to Cochrane systematic review of the research method to investigate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture treatment of this disease. Therefore, according to the evaluation results suggest that the efficacy of acupuncture treatment of climacteric depression is likely better than Western medicine. Keywords: acupuncture; bias; depression; group; hamd; score; trials; zhou
• Effect of sanhuanghuoxue decoction on the treatment of chronic renal failure by Wu, Qiang; Wang, Pu; Wang, Changhong; Liu, Xiangrong; Zhang, Xue (2016) - Apparently, sanhuanghuoxue decoction treatment caused a bigger drop than coated aldehyde oxystarch- treated did, suggesting that sanhuanghuoxue decoction is more effective in improving the blood viscosity of rats with chronic renal failure. Animal models Rats were randomly divided into normal/control group, prevention group, disease group, sanhuang- huoxue decoction-treated group and coated aldehyde oxystarch-treated group. Keywords: aldehyde; blood; decoction; group; oxystarch; rats; sanhuanghuoxue
• Effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Borago officinalis on naloxone-precipitated withdrawal syndrome in morphine-dependent mice by Rabiei, Zahra; Lorigooini, Zahra; Kopaei, Mahmoud Rafieian (2016) - Figure 1 illustrates the effect of B. officinalis extract, as co -treatment and post-treatment, on the frequency of naloxone-induced jumping in the morphine-dependent mice. c c c c Figure 2: The effect of Borago officinalis extract injection, as post-treatment and co-treatment, on the frequency of naloxone-induced blinking, rearing and ptosis in morphine-dependent mice; ap<0.05; bp=0.01-0.05; cp<0.01 Figure 1: The effect of Borago officinalis extract injection, as post-treatment and co-treatment, on the frequency of naloxone-induced jumping and paw tremor in morphine-dependent mice; ap<0.01 826 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2016; 11: 824-829 -treatment with B. officinalis extract caused a significant decrease in the frequency of ptosis compared to the morphine-dependent group (p<0.01). Keywords: extract; frequency; group; morphine; naloxone; officinalis; treatment; withdrawal
• Effect of Ligustrum lucidum polysaccharide on immunity of immunosuppressed mice by Jing, Shi Jing; Bo, Shi; Mingsan, Miao; Qingya, Li (2016) - Therefore, L. lucidum polysaccharide could markedly improve the immune functions of hydrocortisone-induced immunosuppressed model mouse. The experiment, concerning effects of L. lucidum polysaccharide on phagocytic function of immunosuppressed mouse peritoneal macrophage may reflect the effect on non-specific immunological competence of immunosuppressed model mouse. Keywords: dose; group; lucidum; model; mouse; polysaccharide
• Effects of Curculigo orchioides total glucosides in mouse perimenopause model of related organization and organs morphology by Shan, Cao; Shuo, Tian; Ming, Bai; Shaoyan, Liu; Jiaojiao, Jia; Mingsan, Miao (2016) - The results indicate that compared with the model group, soybean isoflavone soft capsule, gengnianan capsule and big, medium, small dose of C. rhizome total glycoside group could significant- ly improved the pathological changes in mouse uterus, hypothalamic, thickening of the thymic cortex and significantly increased the number of lymphocytes in the cortex, increased the volume of splenic nodule (p<0.01), in which the effect of large dose of C. orchioides total glycosides group was the best. The drug significantly improved the uterine pathological lesions (p<0.01), in which the effect of large dose of Curculigo rhizome total glycoside group was the best. Keywords: chinese; curculigo; curculigo rhizome; dose; glycoside; group; model; perimenopausal; rhizome; syndrome; total
• Protective effect of Kombucha tea on brain damage induced by transient cerebral ischemia and reperfusion in rat by Kabiri, Najmeh; Setorki, Mahbubeh (2016) - Ischemic group 1 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 B B B p er m ea bi lit y Ischemic group 2 Ischemic group 3 Sham group BBB right hemisphere BBB left hemisphere Figure 2: BBB permeability of the left and right hemispheres in the ischemic group1, received no Kombucha solution; ischemia group 2, intraperitoneally injected with 5 mg/kg Kombucha solution; ischemia group 3, intraperitoneally injected with 15 mg/kg Kombucha solution; and the Sham group, with no drug administration. Ischemic group 1 100 80 60 40 20 0 B ra in w at er c on te nt Ischemic group 2 Ischemic group 3 Sham group BWC r BWC l Figure 3: BWC of the right and left hemispheres of the ischemic group1, received no Kombucha solution; ischemia group 2, intra- peritoneally injected with 5 mg/kg Kombucha solution; ischemia group 3, intraperitoneally injected with 15 mg/kg Kombucha solution; and the Sham group, with no drug administration. Keywords: anti; brain; group; ischemia; kombucha; kombucha solution; sham; solution; tea
• Effect of dexmedetomidine infusion on N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide level in patients with femoral shaft fractures under general anesthesia by Mirkheshti, Alireza; Memary, Elham; Shafiee, Hamed; Dahi, Mastaneh (2016) - In addition, bleeding, changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure in dexmedetomidine group was significantly less than the control group (p˂0.001). they evaluated the effects of dexmedetomidine on cardiac outcomes after non-cardiac surgery. Keywords: blood; bnp; dexmedetomidine; group; patients; peptide; study; surgery
• Cardioprotective effect of Volvariella volvacea in streptozotocin administered rats by Punitha, Soosaimanickam Carmel; Rajasekaran, Muthu (2016) - (b) STZ treated group rats shows elongated QRS and QT. Glibenclamide and vitamin E-treated groups also exhibited marked increase over to control group rats. Keywords: anti; control; group; mushroom; protein; rats; streptozotocin; vitamin; volvacea
• Antidiarrheal activity of ethanolic bark extract of Mitragyna diversifolia by Jebunnessa, -; Uddin, Shaikh Bokhtear; Mahabub-Uz-Zaman, M.; Akter, Rasheda; Ahmed, Nazim Uddin (2009) - Wistar Albino rats were randomly divided in to three equal group (n=5) control group, positive control group and treated group where control group received only distilled water 2 mL/rat, positive control group received loperamide 1 mg/kg as standard and treated group received M. diversifolia bark extract at the dose 2 g/kg body weight. M. diversifolia bark extract also significantly (p<0.05) decreased the distance of gastrointestinal motility of rats. Keywords: bark; diversifolia; extract; group; rats
• Hypoglycemic of Cajanus scarabaeoides in glucose overloaded and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by Pattanayak, Suman; Nayak, Siva Shankar; Panda, Durgaprasad; Shende, Vikas (2009) - Methanolic extract of C. scarabaeoides reduced blood glucose level in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The diabetic rats exhibiting blood glucose levels in the range of 200 and 300 mg/100 mL were selected for the studies. Keywords: blood; extract; glucose; group; rats; scarabaeoides; streptozotocin
• Hyoscine versus diazepam for the management of true vertigo in the emergency department by Kariman, Hamid; Vajihi, Firoozeh; Amini, Afshin; Shahrami, Ali; Arhami-Dolatabadi, Ali; Shojaee, Majid; Baratloo, Alireza (2017) - For example, Ganança et al. in their study showed that clonazepam leads to complete relief of vertigo in 77.4% of vertigo patients (Gananca et al., 2002). It has also been effective in vertigo treatment as shown in various studies. Keywords: diazepam; drug; group; hyoscine; patients; study; treatment; vertigo
• Neuroprotective effect of Ziziphus spina-christi on brain injury induced by transient global cerebral ischemia and reperfusion in rat by Setorki, Mahbubeh; Hooshmandi, Zahra (2017) - Treatment of ischemic rats with extract signifi- cantly increased the frequency of passes through the hidden platform. 5.4ab a: significant differences with b at p<0.05 and ab: no significant differ- ences between a and b at p<0.05 74 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2017; 12: 69-76 christi leaf extract showed neuroprotective activity against induced brain ischemia, so it could reduce the brain damage caused by ischemia and reperfusion. Keywords: brain; christi; day; extract; group; ischemia; rats; spina
• Fentanyl-midazolam vs. midazolam-ketamine regarding patient sedation analgesia for emergency orthopedic procedures by Abdolrazaghnejad, Ali; Banaie, Mohsen (2017) - In addition, certain factors such as patients with fractures or dislocations and the need to monitor such patients in a separate unit of the Emergency Department reduced significantly the number of patients included. The potential benefits of effective sedation prior to reduction include the reduced anxiety and distress of the patient, providing comfort followed by more cooperation of patients, improvement of the success of the procedure and obviation the general anesthesia (Alimohammadi et al., 2014; Migita et al., 2006). Keywords: department; emergency; fentanyl; group; ketamine; midazolam; patients; sedation; study
• L-Carnitine supplementation ameliorates serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha and matrix metalloproteinase-3 in knee osteoarthritis women by Mahdavi, Reza; Kolahi, Sousan; Attari, Vahideh Ebrahimzadeh; Mahdavi, Aida Malek (2017) - Previous in vitro and animal studies demonstra- ted inhibitory effects of L-carnitine on MMPs expre- ssion (Bianchi et al., 2014; Deng et al., 2014). Conclusion L-carnitine treatment has beneficial effects in reducing inflammatory biomarkers in knee osteoarthritis patients which subsequently leads to alleviation of the disease symptoms. Keywords: baseline; carnitine; effects; et al; group; knee; osteoarthritis; patients; placebo; serum; study; supplementation; treatment
• Effects of injection Shenkang and alprostadil combination on contrast-induced nephropathy in patient with diabetes complicated with mild to moderate renal insufficiency by Zhang, Yanfang; Sun, Jianxun; Liu, Hui; Zhai, Xiaolin (2017) - Contrast material- induced renal failure in patients with diabetes mellitus, renal insufficiency, or both. Meanwhile, patients with diabetes and renal insufficiency have a significantly increased risk of CIN (Isobe et al., 2013). Keywords: alprostadil; cin; contrast; creatinine; day; diabetes; group; injection; nephropathy; patients; serum
• Evaluation of methanolic extract of Phragmites karka on carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis in rat by Rehman, Atta ur; Liaqat, Manal; Asghar, Rabia; Syed, Nawazish-i-Husain (2017) - Figure 4E and F show gross appearance of liver of animal treated with leaf and rhizome extract in CCl4 intoxicated rats which showed lesser degree of nodulation as compared to CCl4 intoxicated rat livers. Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Research Article Evaluation of methanolic extract of Evaluation of methanolic extract of Evaluation of methanolic extract of Phragmites karkaPhragmites karkaPhragmites karka on carbon tetra-on carbon tetra-on carbon tetra- chloridechloridechloride---induced liver fibrosis in ratinduced liver fibrosis in ratinduced liver fibrosis in rat BJP Introduction Hepatic fibrosis is a continuous wound healing res- ponse to repeated liver injuries which may be caused by viral hepatitis, alcohol abuse and other hepatotoxic agents (Friedrich-Rust et al., 2009; Rehman, 2014). Keywords: cci; ccl4; control; expression; extract; fibrosis; figure; group; leaf; levels; liver; mrna; rhizome
• Amelioration of isoniazid and rifampicin-induced liver toxicity by Amaranthus graecizans subsp. silvestris in rat by Ishtiaq, Saiqa; Khan Afridi, Muhammad Shaharyar; Masood, Nawal (2017) - The plant possesses remarkable anti-oxidant properties that make it a suitable candidate to counter oxidative stress (Ishtiaq et al., 2014). The plant has also shown anti-choli- nesterase and anti-protease activity (Ishtiaq et al., 2017). Keywords: extract; graecizans; group; hepatoprotective; isoniazid; liver; rifampicin
• Effectiveness of Tagetes patula against chronic nonbacterial prostatitis in rat model by Liu, Xueying; Ran, Xiaoku; Dou, Deqiang; Cai, Decheng (2017) - Therefore, we further investigated the effects of different constitu- ents of T. patula on chronic nonbacterial prostatitis rats. Chronic nonbacterial prostatitis was induced in the model group according to the method was established as described previous (Robinette, 1988). Keywords: effect; extract; group; levels; model; patula; prostate; prostatitis; rat; treatment; water
• Effect of Hyssopus officinalis essential oil on chronic stress-induced memory and learning impairment in male mice by Salehi, Azadeh; Setorki, Mahbubeh (2017) - The present study investigated the effect of H. officinalis essential oil on avoidance memory in chronic stress-induced. Mice were exposed to chronic immobilization stress and were treated with H. officinalis essential oil for 21 days. Keywords: anti; brain; control; control group; group; ine; memory; mice; officinalis; oil; serum; stress
• Potential of Mimosa pudica leaf in the treatment of ulcerative colitis in rat by Zaware, Bharati; Gilhotra, Ritu; Chaudhari, Sanjay Ravindra (2018) - ap<0.05, bp<0.01, cp<0.001 as compared to acetic acid control group; #p<0.001 as compared to normal group Table IV Histopathological observations after the treatment with extracts of M.pudica Treatment Ulceration Hyperemia Necrosis Edema Cellular infiltration Goblet-cell hyperplasia Normal 0 0 0 0 0 0 (4% acetic acid) ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ ++++ Prednisolone (2 mg/kg) + ++ + + + ++ Extract (mg/kg) Ethanol (200 ) ++ ++ +++ ++ ++ +++ Ethanol (400) ++ + + + ++ ++ Ethyl acetate (200) +++ ++ +++ ++ ++ +++ Ethyl acetate (400) ++ ++ +++ +++ ++ +++ Chloroform (200) +++ ++ +++ +++ ++ +++ Chloroform (400) ++ +++ +++ ++ +++ +++ (0): no abnormality detected; (+): damage/ active changes up to less than 25%; (++): damage/active changes up to less than 50%; (+++): dam- age/active changes up to less 75%; (++++): damage/ active changes up to more than 75% 244 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2018; 13: 241-247 one of the most commonly used experimental models while screening drugs active against ulcerative colitis. Pretreatment with M. pudica ethanolic extract (400 mg/kg) significantly lowered the ulcer index, colonic myeloperoxidase and malondialdehyde as compared with the standard drug prednisolone. Keywords: acid; bowel; colitis; ethanol; extract; group; pudica; rats; treatment; ulcer
• Reporting a lethal drug interaction occurred during evaluation of insulin resistance in mice polycystic ovary model by Ahmadi, Seyyed Amir Yasin; Hasanvand, Afshin; Hasanvand, Amin; Boroujeni, Mandana Beigi; Yari, Fatemeh (2018) - Since insulin resistance in previous murine models of polycystic ovary syndrome has not been evaluated, we were trying to approve this research modeling through empirical administration of insulin glargine. Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Volume: 13; Number 2; Year 2018 Cite this article as: Ahmadi SAY, Hasanvand A, Hasanvand A, Boroujeni MB, Yari F. Reporting a lethal drug in- teraction occurred during evaluation of insulin resistance in mice polycystic ovary model. Keywords: administration; group; insulin; ovary; syndrome; testosterone
• Is cotoneaster manna improving the treatment of neonatal jaundice? by Fakhri, Moloud; Davoodi, Ali; Hamzegardeshi, Zeinab; Farhadi, Roya; Mousavinasab, Nouraldin; Keshtkar, Abbasali; Azadbakht, Mohammad (2018) - And even in the methods such as meta-regression, which are less restrictive with even a small number of primary studies (compared to subgroup analysis), such a small number of studies as 10 can be a serious drawback for the interpretation of the analysis results. Table I Characteristics of included primary studies (clinical trials) Keywords: analysis; cotoneaster; et al; group; intervention; jaundice; low; manna; meta; review; studies; trials
• Hypoglycemic potential of Elaeagnus angustifolia fruit polysaccharide on streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic mice by Wang, Ya; Zou, Hongmei; Sun, Cui; Guo, Tao; Feng, Zaiping (2018) - In addition, in the first two weeks of administration, the body weight was decreased both in negative control group and E. angustifolia groups, however, E. angustifolia (800 mg/kg) was recovered to the begining weight in the fourth week. Group I, mice were administered intra- gastrically with 0.9% physiological saline for 28 days (normal control); Group II, the diabetic mice were administered intragastrically with 0.9% saline for 28 days (negative control); Group III, the control mice were administered intragastrically with acarbose for 28 days (positive control); Group IV, the diabetic mice were administered intragastrically with E. angustifolia at 400 mg/kg for 28 days; Group V, diabetic mice were administered intragastrically with E. angustifolia at 600 mg/kg for 28 days; Group VI, diabetic mice were administered intragastrically with E. angustifolia at 800 mg/kg for 28 days. Keywords: angustifolia; blood; control; glucose; group; mice; polysaccharide
• Phytochemical and neuroprotective evaluation of Citrus aurantium essential oil on cerebral ischemia and reperfusion by Sadeghimanesh, Arezo; Khalaji-Pirbalouty, Valiallah; Lorigooini, Zahra; Rafieian-Kopaei, Mahmoud; Torki, Akram; Rabiei, Zahra (2018) - The rats were assigned to 5 groups: Group 1: Control group that underwent no surgery and were administered with distilled water alone; Group 2: Sham group that underwent surgery without drug administration and were administered distilled water alone; Group 3: Ischemia group that underwent ischemia without drug administration and were administered distilled water alone; Groups 4 and 5 received C. aurantium essential oil (50 and 75 mg/kg, respectively) and were induced ischemia. Given the anti-oxidant properties of C. aurantium, we conducted this study to investigate the neuro- protective effect of C. aurantium essential oil on damage induced by transient global cerebral ischemia and reperfusion in Wistar rats. Keywords: aurantium; brain; compounds; control; difference; et al; group; ischemia; ischemia group; oil; serum
• Cardioprotective effect of Erythrina stricta leaves on isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rat by Kuppusamy, Asokkumar; Varadharajan, Subhadradevi; Josey, Christy; John, Honey; Sherin, Daphne; Chirakkan, Divia; Athiyappan, Gokul (2010) - The present study concludes that E. stricta extract has a prophylactic value in myocardial infarction. The level of GSH was found to be reduced in myocardial infracted rats. Keywords: extract; group; infarction; isoproterenol; myocardial; rats; stricta
• Wound healing effect of different extracts of Centaurea pterocaula by Ötün, Barış; Yücel, Ufuk Mercan (2019) - Methanol extract group: The pomade prepared with methanol extract (about 0.5 g) was administered to the wound area in the back of rats. While there was no statistically significant difference between methanol extract group and ethyl acetate extract group on day 10, the difference between these two groups and other groups was statistically significant. Keywords: acetate; anti; area; centaurea; day; effect; extract; extract group; group; healing; hexane; wound
• Solanum incanum extract enhances wound healing and tissue regeneration in burn mice model by Qureshi, Zainab; Khan, Taous; Shah, Abdul Jabbar; Wahid, Fazli (2019) - Despite the discovery of various antibacterial and antiseptic agents, burn wound healing is still a challenging health issue in modern medicine. Accepted: 28 April 2019 Available Online: 21 May 2019 DOI: 10.3329/bjp.v14i2.40098 Cite this article: Qureshi Z, Khan T, Shah AJ, Wahid F. Solanum incanum extract enhances wound healing and tissue regenera- tion in burn mice model. Keywords: burn; control; day; group; healing; incanum; tissue; treatment; wound
• Effects of shenkang injection on renal angiogenesis in mice with unilateral ureteral obstruction by Pan, Yajing; Zhang, Lu; Liu, Tonghua; Wu, Lili (2020) - And compared to unilateral ureteral obstruction mice, deposition of renal collagen fibers decreased in mice of losartan and shenkang injection (7.8, 3.9 and 1.95 g/kg) groups. Effects of shenkang injection on VEGF and VEGFR2 As shown by the extent of dyeing and average optical density of positive areas in Figure 5 (A, B), compared to sham mice, expression of VEGF decreased significantly in unilateral ureteral obstruction mice (p<0.01). Keywords: angiogenesis; effects; fibrosis; group; kidney; means; mice; obstruction; renal; sham; shenkang injection; ski; vegf
• Antiobesity effect of Bauhinia variegata bark extract on female rats fed on hypercaloric diet by Balamurugan, Gunasekaran; Muralidharan, Palayan (2010) - Treatment with MEBV (200 and 400 mg/kg body weight) exhibited a insigni- ficant decrease in body weight of the animals in comparison with Group II animals. Group II animals fed on hypercaloric diet exhibited a non- significant rise in body weight between day 1 and 40 as compared to Group I animals. Keywords: animals; body; cholesterol; effect; extract; group; obesity; rats; variegata; weight
• Efficacy of beta-blockers in the treatment of sepsis by Jin, Peng; Zhao, Tao; Wei, Yueyue; Zhao, Fang (2021) - Wei F, Dong H, Lu L, Xue H. Protective effect of esmolol on myocardium of systemic sepsis patients. Bangladesh J Pharmacol. Keywords: analysis; beta; effect; file:///d:/20; group; hours; meta; patients; sepsis; studies
• Arsenic-safe drinking water and antioxidants for the management of arsenicosis patients by Khandker, Salamat; Dey, Ranjit Kumar; Islam, A. Z. M. Maidul; Ahmad, Sheikh Akhtar; Al-Mahmud, Ifthaker (2006) - Group V: Drinking water from both red and green- marked tube wells (irregular quality of drinking water) and/or irregular intake of antioxidants. Amongst those who had used both arsenic safe drinking water and regular medications 90.5% showed improvement of melanosis, 86.4% showed improvement of keratosis but none showed deterioration. Keywords: antioxidants; arsenic; arsenicosis; bangladesh; drinking; group; patients; respondents; study; tube; water; wells
• A comparative study on the adverse effects of two antituberculosis drugs regimen in initial two-month treatment period by Nahar, Begum Lutfun; Hossain, A. K. M. Mosharrof; Islam, M. Monirul; Saha, Dipti Rani (2006) - In the 5-drug treatment group before initiation of treatment regimen the estimated serum glucose level was 91.9 ± 25.5 mg/dL. After 2 and 8 weeks of inception of treatment regimen creatinine level was detected as 86.0 ± 27.2 and 84.5 ± 16.6 mg/dL respectively (Table III). In the 4-drug treatment group before initiation of treatment regimen the estimated creatinine level was 1.1 ± 0.4 mg/dL. After 2 and 8 weeks of inception of treatment regimen creatinine level was detected as 1.1 ± 0.4 and 1.0 ± 0.2 mg/dL respectively (Table II). Keywords: drug; effects; group; level; patients; regimen; treatment; weeks
• Condensation reaction of benzil with resorcinol and the establishment of the spectral data as well as cytotoxicity study by Liton, A. Kashem; Islam, M. Rabiul (2006) - The values at 1597 and 1581 cm-1 exhibit C=C group in aromatic ring. Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2006; 1: 58-63 Journal homepage: www.banglajol.info Abstracted/indexed in Academic Search Complete, Asia Journals Online, Bangladesh Journals Online, Biological Abstracts, BIOSIS Previews, CAB Abstracts, Current Abstracts, Directory of Open Access Journals, EMBASE/Excerpta Medica, Google Scholar, HINARI (WHO), International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, Open J-gate, Science Citation Index Expanded, SCOPUS and Social Sciences Citation Index; ISSN: Keywords: aromatic; cm-1; group; portion; presence
• Effect of folic acid and tetrahydrofolate on tissue arsenic level in rat by Rahman, Md. Faizur; Misbahuddin, Mir (2010) - Effect of folic acid and tetrahydro- folate on tissue arsenic level in rat. Effect of folic acid and tetrahydrofolate on tissue arsenic level in rat Md. Keywords: acid; arsenic; bangladesh; folic; group; rats; skin; tetrahydrofolate
• Efficacy of nebulized magnesium sulfate in the treatment of acute exacerbation of asthma in children by Haqq, Mohammed Ataul; Rahman, Md. Hamidur; Khanam, Selina; Mannan, M. A. (2006) - According to the grouping based on label number, each set of eppendorf tube was filled with appropriate solution i.e.; isotonic magnesium sulfate solution in magnesium sulfate group and normal saline in control group. In magnesium sulfate group and control group height was 57.2 ± 5.4 inches and 54.9 ± 6.2 inches respectively. Keywords: group; magnesium; min; pefr; response; salbutamol; sulfate
• Ketorolac and pethidine in post-operative pain relief by Uddin, Md. Burhan; Hossain, A. K. M. Mosharrof; Alam, Meer Mahbubul; Hossain, A. Z. M. Shakhawat (2007) - of post-operative pain However, the availability of data related to efficacy and safety of ketorolac in post-operative pain in our population is not adequate. Keywords: analgesic; difference; group; hours; ketorolac; pain; pethidine; score; vrs
• Pre-treatment by n-hexane extract of Phyllanthus niruri can alleviate paracetamol-induced damage of the rat liver by Iqbal, Md. Jalaluddin; Dewan, Fauzia Z.; Chowdhury, S. A. R.; Mamun, M. I. R.; Moshiuzzaman, M.; Begum, Monowara (2007) - Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Research Article PrePrePre---treatment by treatment by treatment by nnn---hexane extract hexane extract hexane extract of of of Phyllanthus niruri Phyllanthus niruri Phyllanthus niruri can alleviate can alleviate can alleviate paracetamolparacetamolparacetamol---induced damage of the induced damage of the induced damage of the rat liverrat liverrat liver BJP Introduction Phyllanthus niruri (Bhui amla) is a well-known herb of Bangladesh and the sub-continent. In the H+P group, the mean serum ALT, serum AST and serum bilirubin concentrations were at significantly (p<0.001) lower levels compared to those in group P. Keywords: extract; group; liver; niruri; paracetamol; serum
• Effects of paeonol on proliferation and collagen synthesis of rat cardiac fibroblasts induced by aldosterone by Xu, Qian; Wang, Li Na; Zhao, Jing Yi; Xiao, Yan Hong; Du, Chao (2021) - Protein concentration was measured using the BCA method, SDS-PAGE electrophoresis, membrane trans- fer, and the addition of primary antibodies: (1:200 for type III collagen and 1:3000 for β-actin), and incubation for two hours at room temperature on a shaker. After washing with TBST, the secondary antibody was add- ed: (the dilution ratio of type III collagen was 1:3000, the dilution ratio of β-actin was 1:5000) and incubated in a shaker at room temperature for one hour. Keywords: aldosterone; cardiac; cell; collagen; dose; expression; fibroblasts; group; model; paeonol; remodeling; tgf; type
• Tongxinluo preserves the renal function in diabetic kidney disease via protecting the HK-2 cells from the patterns of programmed cell death by Shen, Shuang; Hou, Yunlong; Wu, Yiling (2021) - The apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells in the hypoxic milieu in diabetic kidney disease is a signifi- cant factor that causes renal functional and pathological changes (Leonard et al., 2003; Kim et al., 2011). Wang Y, Bi R, Quan F, Cao Q, Zhang D. Ferroptosis involves in renal tubular cell death in diabetic nephropathy. Keywords: apoptosis; bangladesh; cell; disease; figure; glucose; group; hghp; hk-2; kidney; mice; mmol; pyroptosis; renal; tongxinluo; treatment
• Protective effect of dried fruits of Carica papaya on hepatotoxicity in rat by Sadeque, Md. Zafor; Begum, Zinnat Ara (2010) - Histological examination of the liver sections pretreated with extracts of C. papaya showed remarkable reduction Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2010; 5: 48-50 49 Table I Effects of pretreatment with Carica papaya on mean serum bilirubin, ALT, AST and ALP levels in CCI4 treated rats Groups Serum bilirubin (mg/dL) Serum ALT (u/L) Serum AST (u/L) Serum ALP (u/L) C. papaya is commonly cultivated and planted in Bangladesh for its edible fruits, also grows naturally in Waste Lands. Keywords: extract; group; papaya; rats; serum
• Cardioprotective effect of amlodipine in oxidative stress induced by experimental myocardial infarction in rats by Begum, Sudhira; Akhter, Nargis (2007) - Forty-eight hours after the 2nd injection of adrenaline, serum LDH level in the vehicle and adrenaline treated rats were 696.0 + 6.4 U/L and 1425.6 + 5.4 U/L respectively. Amlodipine pretreatment caused 68.4% prevention of rise of MDA concentration of myocardial tissue was found in adrenaline treated rats. Keywords: adrenaline; amlodipine; ast; group; hours; level; rats; serum
• Medroxyprogesterone acetate improves propionic acid-induced autism rat model and magnetic resonance spectroscopic correlation by Bozkurt, Mehmet Fatih; Bhaya, Muhammad Nasir; Sever, İbrahim Halil ; Özkul, Bahattin ; Erbaş, Oytun (2022) - The number of ambulation in open field test was found less in propionic acid group compared to control group and propionic acid + medroxyprogesterone group (p<0.05). The levels of IL-17 and IL-2 were also high in propionic acid group compared to control group and propionic acid + medroxyprogesterone group (p<0.05). Keywords: acid; acid group; autism; brain; ca1; ca3; control; et al; group; medroxyprogesterone; model; propionic; protein; rats; spectrum
• Effect of thymoquinone on cyclophosphamide-induced oxidative and inflammatory ovarian damage in rat: by Colluoglu, Cagdas; Balci, Serdar; Gundogdu, Betul; Coban, Taha Abdulkadir ; Bulut, Seval; Suleyman, Halis (2022) - In damaged tissues, the oxidant/ Figure 1: Histopathological evaluation of ovarian tissue in experimental groups Ovarian tissue of the normal follicle structures (arrow) and corpus luteum (asterisk), H&E x40 (A). Results Biochemical findings MDA and tGSH analysis results As seen in Table I, MDA levels increased and tGSH levels decreased when cyclophosphamide group was compared with healthy and cyclophosphamide plus thymoquinone (p<0.001). Keywords: antioxidant; cyclophosphamide; damage; et al; group; infertility; mda; rats; results; thymoquinone; tissue
• Effect of Phyllanthus amarus in sodium arsenite-induced tissue damage by Achummantakath, Hashim; Prasanna, Krishnan Subhadra ; Nizamudeen, A. S. (2022) - Phyllanthus amarus (100 mg/kg; D, H, L) Group IV - Sodium arsenite (40 mg/kg) + P. amarus (200 mg/kg). The regenerative effect of P. amarus extract is possibly due to the presence of various phytoconstituents present in the ethanolic extract. Keywords: amarus; arsenic; extract; group; rats; sodium; tissue
• Pharmacological mechanism of a drug pair of astragali and cinnamon in shiquan dabu decoction by Yan, Hui; Jiang, Mingzhu; Wu, Qiongying; Gui, Zhongzheng (2011) - For Hb, it was enhanced, and had significant difference to group G (p<0.01), it can be inferred that the main action of drug pair astragali and cinnamon in shiquan dabu decoction was the improve- ment of the Hb content. However, the effect of this drug pair in shiquan dabu decoction is not known at present. Keywords: astragali; blood; cinnamon; dabu; decoction; deficiency; drug; group; pair; shiquan
• Protective effects of resveratrol in high fat diet– and metals (Al, Pb, As)-induced metabolic and cognitive impairments by Zulfiqar, Abida; Bashir, Saima; Ahmed, Touqeer (2025) - High fat diet is also reported to promote neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and decrease levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, all these factors as a result accelerate neurodegeneration (Morrison et al., 2010; Tan and Norhaizan, 2019). Abstract This study evaluated the neuroprotective role of resveratrol in rats co-exposed to high fat diet and metals (aluminum, lead, arsenic) for 60 days. Keywords: bjp; c c; diet; effects; et al; exposure; fat; file:///c:/new%20manuscripts/80955; group; high; manuscript; meal; memory; metabolic; metals; resveratrol; sec; treatment
• Cardioprotective activity of ethanolic extract of Callistemon lanceolatus leaves on doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy in rats by Firoz, Momin; Bharatesh, Kalai; Nilesh, Patole; Vijay, Godse; Tabassum, Shikalgar; Nilofar, Naikwade (2011) - The ethanolic extract of C. lanceolatus showed strong elastase inhibition and DPPH radical scavenging activi- ties (Kim et al., 2009). The Lambadi tribals of north telangana districts of Andhra Pradesh use this plant for the treatment of pain, gastrointestinal disorders and infectious diseases (Sudhakar et al., 2004). Keywords: control; doxorubicin; extract; group; heart; lanceolatus; leaves; p<0.01; pressure; rats; weight
• A comparative study on the effects of niacin plus atorvastatin with that of fenofibrate plus atorvastatin in dyslipidemia by Ahmed, Selim; Hossain, A. K. M. Mosharrof; Dey, Sudhangshu R.; Akhtaruzzaman, A. K. M.; Siddika, Mushammath Morium (2008) - ; ‘-’ sign indicates reduction of lipid level in percentage; ‘+’ sign indicates increase of lipid level in percentage; Data are mean ± SD Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2008; 3: 8-16 11 niacin-atorvastatin combination therapy (Z=2.05, p<0.05). Total cholesterol level was reduced from 213.5 ± 28.5 mg/dL to 158.6 ± 19.5 mg/dL and this change was statistically significant (t=14.706, p<0.001, 95% CI 47.350 to 62.535). Keywords: atorvastatin; combination; fenofibrate; group; hdl; ldl; level; niacin; patients; study; treatment
• Impact of prophylactic use of antimicrobials in abdominal surgery in two tertiary level hospitals by Saha, Shusmita; Ashrafuzzaman, Syed (2008) - 7KLV�ZRUN�LV�OLFHQVHG�XQGHU�D�&UHDWLYH�&RPPRQV�$WWULEXWLRQ�����/LFHQVH��Keywords: cephalosporin; ciprofloxacin; group; infection; metronidazole; patients; � �
• Regulation of proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis in LPS-induced fibroblast-like synoviocytes by astragalus polysaccharide via the EGFR/MAPK signaling pathway by Zhu, Bing-Jun; Luo, Ping; Peng, Yin-Hua; Zhu, Yin-Chun (2025) - The formula for cell migration rate is as follows: Cell migration rate (%) This pathway is a key regulator of cell proliferation (Yuan et al., 2013). Keywords: apoptosis; arthritis; astragalus; cell; egfr; fls; group; hours; lps; migration; polysaccharides; proliferation; rheumatoid
• Inotropic and cardioprotective effects of Daucus carota Linn. on isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction by Muralidharan, P.; Balamurugan, G.; Kumar, Pavan (2008) - Materials and Methods Plant material Fresh tuberous roots of D. carota were purchased from a vegetable market during September 2006 (Chennai, $�-RXUQDO�RI�WKH�%DQJODGHVK�3KDUPDFRORJLFDO�6RFLHW\��%'36�� %DQJODGHVK�-�3KDUPDFRO������������-�� $EVWUDFWHG�LQGH[HG�LQ $FDGHPLF�6HDUFK�&RPSOHWH��$VLD�-RXUQDOV�2QOLQH��%DQJODGHVK�-RXUQDOV�2QOLQH��%LRORJLFDO�$EVWUDFWV��%,26,6�3UHYLHZV��&$%�$E� VWUDFWV��&XUUHQW�$EVWUDFWV��'LUHFWRU\�RI�2SHQ�$FFHVV�-RXUQDOV��(0%$6(�([FHUSWD�0HGLFD��*OREDO�+HDOWK��*RRJOH�6FKRODU��+,1$5,��:+2���,QWHUQDWLRQDO� 3KDUPDFHXWLFDO�$EVWUDFWV��2SHQ�--JDWH� 6FLHQFH�&LWDWLRQ�,QGH[�([SDQGHG��6&2386�DQG�6RFLDO�6FLHQFHV�&LWDWLRQ�,QGH[�� ,661������-���� Inotropic and cardioprotective effects of Daucus carota Linn. on isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction 3��0XUDOLGKDUDQï��*��%DODPXUXJDQï�DQG�3DYDQ�.XPDUð ï'HSDUWPHQW�RI�3KDUPDFRORJ\�DQG�7R[LFRORJ\��&��/��%DLG�0HWKD�&ROOHJH�RI�3KDUPDF\��-\RWKL�1DJDU��7KRUDLSDNNDP�� &KHQQDL�����7DPLO�1DGX��ð'HSDUWPHQW�RI�7R[LFRORJ\��+L-WHFK�&LW\��0DGKDSXU��$QGKUDSUDGHVK���������,QGLD� $UWLFOH�,QIR Received: 3 June 2008 Keywords: animals; carota; extract; group; heart; isoproterenol; lipid; serum; � �
• Observation of the hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities of Trianthema decandra Linn. (Vallai sharunnai) roots on carbon tetrachloride-treated rats by Balamurugan, G.; Muthusamy, P. (2008) - (200 and 400 mg/kg) in rats treated with carbon tetrachloride for 8 weeks. Histology demonstrated profound steatosis degeneration and nodule formation were observed in the hepatic architecture of carbon tetrachloride treated rats which were found to acquire near-normalcy in extract plus carbon tetrachloride administrated rats, and supported the biochemical observations. Keywords: animals; anti; carbon; decandra; extract; glutathione; group; liver; rats; study; tetrachloride
• Alleviation of alloxan-induced diabetes and its complications in rats by Actinodaphne hookeri leaf extract by Prajapati, Dharmeshkumar D.; Patel, N. M.; Savadi, R. V.; Akki, K. S.; Mruthunjaya, K. (2008) - �6��$NNL��DQG�.��0UXWKXQMD\D�� �'HSDUWPHQW�RI�3KDUPDFRJQRV\��6KUL�%�0��6KDK�&ROOHJH�RI�3KDUPDFHXWLFDO�(GXFDWLRQ�DQG�5HVHDUFK��0RGDVD�� *XMDUDW���������,QGLD���'HSDUWPHQW�RI�3KDUPDFRJQRV\��./(¶6�&ROOHJH�RI�3KDUPDF\��+XEOL��.DUQDWDND��������� ,QGLD���'HSDUWPHQW�RI�3KDUPDFRJQRV\��-66�&ROOHJH�RI�3KDUPDF\��0\VRUH��.DUQDWDND���������,QGLD� $UWLFOH�,QIR Received: C:\Users\Hp\AppData\Local\Temp\msoEEFB.tmp %DQJODGHVK�-RXUQDO�RI�3KDUPDFRORJ\ 5HVHDUFK�$UWLFOH Alleviation of alloxan-induced dia- betes and its complications in rats by Actinodaphne hookeri leaf extract %-3 Introduction Diabetes mellitus leads to metabolic disorder and is characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both (Atkinson and Maclaren, 1994). Keywords: blood; diabetic; extract; glucose; group; level; � $evwudfwv; � ri; � wkh; � �
• Effects of the crude and the n-hexane extract of Nigella sativa Linn.(kalajira) upon diabetic rats by Khanam, Matira; Dewan, Zesmin Fauzia (2008) - Rats of Group IV (STZ + Nc) were administered crude nigella for 21 days concomitant with streptozotocin i.p. Treatment by crude (Group III) and n- hexane extract of nigella (Group V) did not change the blood sugar concentrations from those of the control values, while serum triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations were significantly (p<0.001) lowered by crude nigella (Group III) and n-hexane extract of nigella treatment (Group V) (Table II). Keywords: crude; extract; group; hexane; nigella; rats; stz

• Investigations on the anti-diabetic potential of novel marine seaweed Sargassum longiotom against alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus: A pilot study by Selvaraj, Stalin; Palanisamy, Sampathkumar (2014) - After the treatment with S. longiotom extract, there is a significant reduction (p<0.001) in blood glucose when compared with the diabetic control group. After the treatment with S. longiotom extract, there was significant reduction of total blood glucose when compared with the diabetic control group. Keywords: alloxan; cholesterol; control; diabetes; extract; longiotom; rats
• Effects of vitamin C on inhalation anesthetic isoflurane-induced developmental, neuronal apoptosis in neonatal rats by Shuai, Yun-Fei; Wang, Meng-Qing; Xiong, Le-Qin; Liu, Lin; Luo, Yin-He; Peng, Tian-Shu (2014) - Anesthesia cocktail containing isoflurane, nitrous oxide (N2O) and midazolam was reported to downregulate Bcl-xL expression and cause neurotoxi- city in developing rat brains (Yon et al., 2005). Rats were exposed to 1.1% isoflurane for 6 hours (approxi- mately 0.5 MAC) in P7 rats as determined by Orliaguet et al. (2001) in 30% oxygen or air in a temperature- controlled chamber as described before (Li et al., 2013b). Keywords: apoptosis; bdnf; brain; cell; control; et al; exposure; expression; isoflurane; platform; pups; rat; rats; vitamin; vitamin c
• GC-MS analysis, preliminary phytochemical screening, physicochemical analysis and anti-diabetic activity of ethanol extract of Jasminum cuspidatum leaves by Vinay, Singumsetty; Karimulla, Shaik; Saravanan, Devarajan (2014) - Normal control (A); Diabetic control (B); Glibenclamide treated (C); Ethanol extract (200 mg/kg) treated (D); Ethanol extract (400 mg/kg) treated (E) A B C D E treatment with ethanol extract at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats produ- ced a significant decrease in blood glucose level, TC, TG, LDL, VLDL and significant increase in HDL, total protein, and body weight when compared to gliben- clamide treated rats and diabetic control rats. Accepted: 5 November 2014 Available Online: 21 November 2014 DOI: 10.3329/bjp.v9i4.20602 Cite this article: Vinay S, Karimulla S, Saravanan D. GC-MS analysis, preliminary phyto- chemical screening, physicochemical analysis and anti-diabetic activity of ethanol extract of Jasminum cuspida- tum leaves. Keywords: analysis; control; cuspidatum; diabetic; ethanol; ethanol extract; extract; glucose; rats; streptozotocin
• Extract of Brassica rapa suppresses ovalbumin-induced asthma by down-regulating NF-kappaB and p38 MAPK activity by Dai, Yun-Lei; Shao, Gui-Lian; Wang, Fang (2015) - NF-κB activation has been reported to occur rapidly in Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2015; 10: 106-114 111 a 1000 800 600 400 200 0 R I ( % o f c on tro l) a 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 A a a a a a a a a a Methacholine (mg/mL) Control OVA 125 mg BRCE + OVA 250 mg BRCE + BALF collected 24 hours following OVA challenge in OVA-sensitized mice resulted in marked infiltration of inflammatory cells. Keywords: airway; asthma; brce; control; extract; ige; mg brce; mice; ova; p38; rapa
• Neuroprotective effects of pterostilbene against isoflurane-induced apoptosis through regulating the JNK and PI3K/Akt pathway in neonatal rats by Liu, Tian-Dan; Yang, Ke; Li, Fu-Kui (2015) - Isoflurane-induced neuronal apoptosis and degenera- tion has been observed to occur via JNK pathway and also through disruption of intracellular calcium homeo- stasis and hyperactivation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphos- phate (IP3) receptors (Li et al.,2013b; Wei et al., 2008; Pterostilbene was able to offer effective neuroprotection against isoflurane induced apoptosis and neurodegene- ration by modulating JNK and PI3/Akt pathways and as well improved the memory and cognitive perfor- mance of rats. Keywords: akt; apoptosis; control; et al; exposure; isoflurane; jnk; memory; pathway; platform; pterostilbene; rats; trials
• Evaluation of in vitro and in vivo anti-arthritic potential of Berberis calliobotrys by Alamgeer, .; Hasan, Umme Habiba; Uttra, Ambreen Malik; Rasool, Shahid (2015) - Standard aspirin (100 mg/kg) 5.9 ± 0.0a (18.2%) 7.2 ± 0.0a (55.1%) 6.3 ± 0.0a (69.1%) 5.8 ± 0.0a (75.4%) Aqueous methanol extract (200 mg/kg) 5.5 ± 0.0a (23.6%) 6.7 ± 0.0a (58.5%) 5.7 ± 0.0a (72.1%) 4.6 ± 0.0a (80.6%) n-Butanol fraction (200 mg/kg) 5.6 ± 0.0a (21.8%) 7.1 ± 0.0a (55.9%) 6.3 ± 0.0a (69.0%) 5.3 ± 0.0a (77.5%) Aqueous fraction (200 mg/kg) 6.2 ± 0.0a (13.7%) 9.0 ± 0.0a (44.5%) 7.8 ± 0.0a (61.8%) 7.1± 0.0a (70.1%) Values are expressed as mean ± SEM; n=5; Two-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post test used and p<0.05 was considered as significant as compared to arthritic control; Where a = p<0.001 Table IV Effect of Berberis calliobotrys on hematological parameters in arthritic rats Hb (g/dL) RBCs 106/µL WBCs 103/µL Platelets 103/µL ESR mm/1st hr RF IU/mL Treatment groups 9.3 ± 0.1 4.9 ± 0.0 9.4 ± 0.2 1225 ± 105.3 20.3 ± 0.8 48.3 ± 2.0 Arthritic control (3 mL/kg) Treatment groups 262.0 ± 3.6 223.6 ± 3.9 218.2 ± 3.5 208.4 ± 4.5 Arthritic control (3 mL/kg; distilled water) Keywords: arthritis; butanol; calliobotrys; control; day; extract; fraction; inflammatory; rats
• Effect of dietary approaches to stop hypertension diet plan on pregnancy outcome patients with gestational diabetes mellitus by Yao, Jie; Cong, Lin; Zhu, Benli; Wang, Ting (2015) - However, the effect of Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet on several metabolic conditions have been previously studied, there are no studies regarding the effects of DASH diet on insulin resistance, inflammation, oxidative stress, and pregnancy outcomes of pregnancy with gestational diabetes in China (Liao et al., 2014). Therefore, the aim of the research was to study the effect of DASH diet on pregnancy outcomes of patients with gestational diabetes in China. Keywords: control; dash; dash diet; diabetes; diet; effect; insulin; patients; pregnancy; weight; women
• Protective effects of paeonol on cardiovascular complications in diabetes mellitus involves modulation of PI3K /Akt-GSK-3β signalling, regulation of protease-activated receptor-1 expressions and down-regulation of inflammatory mediators by Li, Jun; Xu, Ze-Qing; Bao, Ling; Li, Zhi-Cao; Qu, Jia-Xiang (2015) - It possess bioactive properties as anti-inflammatory (Du et al., 2010; Siu, 2010; Himaya et al., 2012; Lin et al., 2015), neuroprotective (Hsieh et al., 2006; Wu et al., 2008; Su et al., 2010) and cardioprotective effects (Li et al., 2012). Further, oxidative stress is associated with inflammation (Zhang et al., 2010). Keywords: 0.1a; akt; cardiomyopathy; cell; collagen; control; diabetes; diabetic; effects; et al; glycogen; gsk-3β; levels; paeonol; pharmacol; rats; streptozotocin; treatment; weeks
• Evaluation of pharmacological effect of Teucrium stocksianum extract on angiogenesis using chorioallantoic membrane assay by Tabassum, Nazia; ., Alamgeer; Aziz, Abdul; Ahmad, Bashir (2016) - Primary 1.0 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 Secondary 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.5 Tertiary 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 A B C D E 624 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2015; 10: 621-627 Figure 2: SPIP generated branching pattern and quantification of primary, secondary and tertiary blood vessels 1=Primary blood vessel (PBVs), 2= Secondary blood vessel (SBVs), 3= Tertiary blood vessel (TBVs); A = Control, B = 0.03% treated T. stocksianum, C = 0.05% treated T. stocksianum, D = 0.1%treated T. stocksianum, E =0.5%treated T. stocksianum, a – e = quantifica- tion of blood vessels in term of diameter of above mentioned control, standard and test samples Table II Control and treated CAMs roughness parameters (T. stocksianum) Parameters Control Concentration of extract 0.03% 0.05% 0.1% 0.5% Average roughness 81.1 ± 1 72.3 ± 2.2 ⃰ 67.8 ± 2.0 ⃰ 49.2 ± 2.5 ⃰⃰ 57.0 ± 9.1 ⃰⃰ Root mean square deviation 86.1 ± 3 71.1 ± 4.0 ⃰⃰ 71.5 ± 1.6 ⃰⃰ 56.7 ± 3.0 ⃰⃰ 64.8 ± 10.2 ⃰⃰ Skewness of the surface 1.0 ± 0.0 0.5 ± 0.2 ⃰⃰ 0.9 ± 0.1 0.1 ± 0.0 ⃰⃰ 0.8 ± 0.1 Kurtosis of the surface 2.3 ± 0.0 3.3 ± 0.1 ⃰⃰ 3.1 ± 0.1 ⃰⃰ 3.6 ± 0.1 ⃰⃰ 3.7 ± 0.6 Lowest valley 282.4 ± 2.2 263.9 ± 7.2 ⃰⃰ 261.0 ± 1 ⃰⃰ 231.0 ± 1.6 ⃰⃰ 225.0 ± 10.1 ⃰⃰ Maximum height of the surface 282.4 ± 2.2 263.9 ± 7.2 ⃰⃰ 261.08 ± 1 ⃰⃰ 231.0 ± 1.5 ⃰⃰ 225.04 ± 10.1 ⃰⃰ Arithmetic mean summit 1.9 ± 1.1 1.0 ± 2.6 ⃰⃰ 1.0 ± 6.0 ⃰⃰ 1.1 ± 6.4 ⃰⃰ 1.3 ± 2.0 ⃰⃰ Root mean square slope 0.1 ± 7.6 0.1 ± 1.3 ⃰⃰ 0.1 ± 5.1 ⃰⃰ 9.3 ± 6.4 ⃰⃰ 8.7 ± 6.6 ⃰⃰ Developed surface area ratio 7.0 ± 9.2 5.7 ± 5.6 ⃰⃰ 1. ± 8.5 ⃰⃰ 4.2 ± 5.2 5.5 ± 1 The Sci value of control was 1.9 ± 0.1 and in treated groups of T. stocksianum Sci was1.2 ± 0.1 with 0.03%, 1.2 ± 0.1with 0.05%, 1.1 ± 0.0 with 0.1% and 5.7 ± 5.6 with 0.5%, (Table II). Keywords: area; blood; cam; control; groups; stocksianum; surface; vessels
• Effect of aqueous extract of Thymus serpyllum on lipid profile and some liver enzymes in alloxan-induced diabetic rabbit by Alamgeer, .; Mushtaq, Muhammad Naveed (2017) - HDLs levels of diabetic treated rabbits were not significantly altered. The current study was conducted to investigate the effects of aqueous extract of T. serpyllum on lipid profile and some liver enzyme levels in diabetic rabbits. Keywords: alloxan; control; day; effect; extract; lipid; liver; profile; rabbits; serpyllum
• Extraction, characterization and evaluation of Eruca sativa against streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy in rat by Kishore, Lalit; Kaur, Navpreet; Kajal, Anu; Singh, Randhir (2017) - Whereas, in diabetic rats fasting glucose level was found to be increased to 522.2 mg/dL from 324.8 mg/ dL. Administration of different doses of both extracts (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) for 45 days, produced significant attenuation in elevated blood glucose level and maximum attenuation was observed with 400 mg/ kg of petroleum ether extract (173.8 ± 5.1 mg/dL) and hydroalcohol extract (127.8 ± 1.5 mg/dL) as compared to diabetic nephropathy control rats. In diabetic nephropathy control rats, a significant increase in urea (98.0 mg/dL), uric acid (15.5 mg/dL), creatinine (4.1 mg/dL) and BUN (0.04 mg/dL) levels was observed in STZ-induced diabetic nephropathy rats over the period of study. Keywords: control; eha; ether; extract; hydroalcohol; level; nephropathy; petroleum; rats; sativa
• Antihypertensive effect of piperitenone oxide on spontaneously hypertensive rat by regulating calcium balance and reducing endothelin-1 secretion by Lan, Wei; Zhang, Hong Ping; Wang, Ying; Jiang, Min; Li, Qian; An, Dongqing (2017) - Moreover, oral piperitenone oxide can significantly impair the serum ET-1 level in the SHR in S ys to lic b lo od p re ss ur e (m m H g) 250 200 150 100 50 0 b b a Figure 1: Effect of piperitenone oxide on (A) systolic blood pressure and (B) serum endothelin-1 (ET-1) level in spontane- ously hypertensive rat (SHR). Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Research Article Antihypertensive effect of Antihypertensive effect of Antihypertensive effect of piperitenone oxide on spontane-piperitenone oxide on spontane-piperitenone oxide on spontane- ously hypertensive rat by regulating ously hypertensive rat by regulating ously hypertensive rat by regulating calcium balance and reducing en-calcium balance and reducing en-calcium balance and reducing en- dothelindothelindothelin---1 secretion1 secretion1 secretion BJP Introduction Hypertension is an important risk factor for the cardio- vascular disease, cerebrovascular disease and kidney failure worldwide, causing an estimated 7.5 million deaths per year (World Health Organization, 2009). Keywords: ca2; control; effect; endothelium; et-1; oxide; piperitenone; piperitenone oxide; rat; rings
• Antidiabetic potential of Gaultheria trichophylla in mice by Alam, Fiaz; Saqib, Qazi Najam us (2017) - Diabetic control mice showed an increased level of creatinine and urea and this level remained elevated throughout the period of study. It is known fact that the alloxan inducted diabetes results in loss of body weight as indicated by diabetic control group. Keywords: antidiabetic; control; diabetic; effect; extract; glucose; groups; level; methanol; mice; standard; trichophylla
• Assessment of anti-arthritic potential of Ephedra gerardiana by in vitro and in vivo methods by Uttra, Ambreen Malik; Alamgeer, . (2017) - 2 4 6 8 10 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 c b a ns ns b a a a a a a a a a a a a a a Arthritic control (3 mL/kg) Piroxicam (10 mg/kg) EGEAF (50 mg/kg) EGEAF (100 mg/kg) EGEAF (200 mg/kg) E E E E D 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 2 4 6 8 10 Figure 4: Effect of E. gerardiana extract and fractions: (A) Aqueous ethanolic extract, (B) Aqueous fraction, (C) n-butanol fraction, (D) Ethyl acetate fraction) on paw volume of formaldehyde induced arthritic rats. Moreover, E. gerardiana extract and fractions inhibited both phases of inflammation, therefore it acts centrally. Keywords: control; denaturation; extract; fractions; gerardiana; test
• Pharmacological validation of the anxiolytic, muscle relaxant and sedative like activities of Capsicum annuum in animal model by Jawad, Muhammad; Khan, Haroon; Pervez, Samreen; Bawazeer, Saud S.; Abu-Izneid, Tareq; Saeed, Muhammad; Kamal, Mohammad A. (2017) - Our extract showed similar behavior, so C. annuum extract might be worked through GABA which is similar to diazepam. Pretreatment of crude extract and n-hexane fraction elicited marked dose-dependent antianxiety-like effects in elevated plus-maze and dark and light models. Keywords: annuum; control; crude; diazepam; dose; effect; extract; fraction; hexane; test
• Protective role of Nigella sativa in chemotherapy-induced alopecia by Saleem, Uzma; Sabir, Shakila; Ahmad, Bashir (2017) - Anagen Catagen Figure 4: Percentage of hair follicles in either anagen or catagen phase Figure 5: Macroscopic changes in different groups on day 35 of experiment; N. sativa oil and decoction encouraged hair growth by inducing hair follicle in the anagen phase. Keywords: alopecia; chemotherapy; control; cyclophosphamide; day; decoction; disease; hair; n. sativa; oil; rat; sativa
• Labisia pumila improves wound healing process in ovariectomized rat model by Ahmad, Shihab Uddin; Shuid, Ahmad Nazrun; Mohamed, Isa Naina (2018) - In conclusion, L. pumila may promote wound healing in postmenopausal rat model. Alphabets indicate the events during wound healing; E = Epidermis, D = Dermis, I = Inflammatory cells, A = Angiogenesis, G = Granulation tissue Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2018; 13: 106-113 109 Figure 4: Histopathological view of collagen deposition in wounded skin tissue evaluated by MGT staining of nine ovariectomized female experimental groups: SH, OC, OV, OF, OE, PL, PR, AL and AR at day 2, day 5 and day 8 after the formation of the wound. Keywords: control; day; groups; healing; pumila; tissue; wound
• Hypoglycemic, hepatoprotective and molecular docking studies of 5-[(4-chlorophenoxy) methyl]-1, 3, 4-oxadiazole-2-thiol by Shehzadi, Naureen; Hussain, Khalid; Bukhari, Nadeem Irfan; Islam, Muhammad; Khan, Muhammad Tanveer; Salman, Muhammad; Siddiqui, Sabahat Zahra; Rehman, Aziz Ur; Abbasi, Muhammad Athar (2018) - Molecular docking studies indicated that GLK, FBP and B2AR may be the potential target site of OXCPM to produce anti-hyperglycemic effect. It is noteworthy that the compound demonstrated anti-glycosylation activity at all physio- logical glucose concentrations under investigation, however, the response was found linear at 2, 10 and 20 mg/mL. Keywords: amylase; anti; compound; control; diabetes; glucose; glycosylation; hemoglobin; oxcpm; standard; yeast
• Ludartin exhibits therapeutic effect on spinal cord injury through inhibition of apoptosis and inflammation by Xu, Weiyuan; Miao, Shenglong; Feng, Yuchen (2019) - Ludartin treatment of spinal cord injury rats improves locomotion by inhibiting inflammatory cytokine expression and preventing cell apoptosis. The current study investigates the effect of ludartin on expression of oxidative stress inducing factors, inflammatory cytokines and onset of apoptosis in spinal cord tissues of spinal cord injury rats. Keywords: control; cord; cord injury; expression; injury; injury rats; level; ludartin; rats; spinal; spinal cord; treatment
• Ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate, acetylcysteine and choline alphoscerate improve mitochondrial function under condition of cerebral ischemia in rat by Dmitry, Pozdnyakov I.; Syranusch, Nygaryan A.; Andrey, Voronkov V.; Sosnovskaya, Anastasya; Elisaveta, Cherechkova I. (2019) - In addition, the intro- duction of the studied drugs reduced the intensity of caspase-dependent and caspase-independent apoptosis reactions, which, together with the restoration of mitochondrial respiratory function, contributed to the decrease in the size of the necrosis zone of the brain. Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Research Article Ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate, acetylcysteine and choline alphoscer- ate improve mitochondrial function under condition of cerebral ischemia in rat BJP R es pi ra tio n (p pm ) ATP-generating capacity Maximum breathing rate Respiratory capacity 10 8 6 4 2 0 PO NC Acetylcysteine Choline alphoscerate Ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate a b b b a b b b a b b b R es pi ra tio n (p pm ) Keywords: acetylcysteine; apoptosis; atp; b b; choline; control; ethylmethylhydroxypyridine; function; mitochondrial; p<0.05; rats; succinate; times
• NF-κB signaling contributes to the inhibitory effects of Bombyx batryticatus on neuroinflammation caused by MPTP toxicity by Lim, Hye-Sun; Jang, Yumi; Moon, Byeong Cheol; Park, Gunhyuk (2021) - Consequently, it was found that B. batryticatus inhibited glial and microglial activation and the levels of neuroinflammatory mediators, such as Cox-2, iNOS, and NF-kB, in the substantia nigra pars compacta. It can be considered that B. batryticatus holds implications in providing anti-inflammatory neuroprotection by regulating NF-κB signaling. Keywords: activation; batryticatus; control; effects; levels; mptp; neuroinflammation
• Application of selected components of “SPICES” model as teaching-learning method in pharmacology by Setu, Mohosina Sultana ; Rahman, Md. Sayedur (2021) - Teaching medical students the skills required critically evaluate the drug information sources for rational prescribing: Report of an exercise on evaluation of prescribing information. The present study revealed that student-centered, problem based, and integrated learning approaches are more effective than traditional method. Keywords: approach; assessment; bangladesh; control; learning; medical; problem; students
• Antianxiety and antidepressant effects of aqueous latex extract of Euphorbia resinifera by Badaoui, Majda; Moubtakir, Soad; Terrafe, Chafik; Aboufatima, Rachida; Chait, Abderrahman (2022) - Animals were randomly divided into different 8 or 6 groups of 6 animals each: Control group (treated with vehicle), E. resinifera groups (treated with 25, 50, and 75 mg/kg of latex extract). One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test Figure 3: Aqueous latex extract of E. resinifera effect and diazepam (2 mg/kg) in open field test (A, C) and thiopental-induced sleeping test (B, D) in mice (n=6/group). Keywords: animals; antidepressant; antioxidant; bangladesh; control; diazepam; effect; extract; latex; pharmacol; resinifera; test; time
• Effects of L-dopa and p-coumaric acid combination on oxidative stress, DNA damage, and mitochondrial apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells by Turker, Nebiye Pelin; Bakar, Elvan (2023) - Financial Support Self-funded Ethical Issue The development, acquisition, authentication, cryopreserva- tion, and transfer of cell lines between laboratories were followed according to the guidelines published in British Journal of Cancer, 2014 Conflict of Interest Authors declare no conflict of interest Acknowledgement The authors would like to acknowledge Trakya University Technology Research Development Application and Research Center References Adamczyk B, Tharmalingam T, Rudd PM. Characteristics of cell lines established from human gastric carcinoma. Keywords: acid; apoptosis; application; cell; control; dopa; dopamine; fold; gene; n1e-115; neuroblastoma; step; stress
• Anticataract activity of Erythrina stricta against naphthalene-induced cataractogenesis in rats by Umamaheswari, Muthuswamy; Asokkumar, Kuppuswamy; Sivashanmugam, Thirumalaiswamy; Subhadradevi, Varadharajan; Neethu, Michael (2010) - Normal sa- line 10 mL/kg 0.7 ± 0.0 78.4 ± 2.7 Naphthalene control 1 g/kg 2.0 ± 0.3a 45.3 ± 2.2a Petroleum ether fraction 200 mg/kg 1.0 ± 0.1b 64.7 ± 1.9b Results are expressed as mean ± SEM from six rats in each group. Keywords: cataract; control; fraction; naphthalene; protein; stage; stricta

• Antiepileptic and central nervous system depressant activity of Sechium edule fruit extract by Mumtaz, Sayeed Mohammed Firdous; Ahmed, Shafique; Dey, Samiran (2012) - The extracts of the seeds of S. edule contain twenty known Gibberellins. Gibberellins A8 and gibberlin A8 -catabolites are the major gibberellins found in S. edule (Albone et al., 1984). Keywords: edule; ethanol; extract; fruits; rats
• Potential anti-diabetic activity of Bombax ceiba by Bhavsar, Chetan; Talele, Gokul S. (2013) - Experimental design Group I: Normal control (vehicle treated); Group II: Diabetic control (streptozotocin 45 mg/kg); Group III: Diabetic rats orally administered glibenclamide (10 mg/kg) in 0.5 mL of 5% alcohol; Group IV: Diabetic rats orally administered B. ceiba extract (200 mg/kg) in 0.5 mL of 0.1%methylcellulose suspension; Group V: Dia- betic rats orally administered B. ceiba extract (400 mg/ kg) in 0.5 mL of 0.1% methylcellulose suspension; Group VI: Diabetic rats orally administered B. ceiba extract (600 mg/kg) in 0.5 mL of 0.1% methylcellulose suspension. The LDL level fell to 54.2% at dose of 600 mg/kg body weight of B. ceiba ethyl acetate extract in diabetic group of animal. Keywords: acetate; bombax; ceiba; diabetic; ethyl; extract; rats
• Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effect of Meyna spinosa leaves in high fat diet-alloxan induced type 2 diabetic rats by Sen, Saikat; De, Biplab; Devanna, N.; Chakraborty, Raja (2013) - Diabetic control rats had significantly higher serum amylase activity compared to normal control. Fractions demonstrated significant decrease in triglycerides, total cholesterol, low density lipid, very low density lipid, -amylase level, and increase in body weight, high density lipid level in diabetic rats. Keywords: diabetic; effect; fraction; glucose; rats; serum
• Antihyperglycemic activity of Trichosanthes tricuspidata root extract by Kulandaivel, Srinivasan; Bajpai, Pawan; Sivakumar, Thangavel (2013) - But the level of blood glucose was significantly decreased (p<0.01) in diabetic rats treated with ethanolic extract as compared with diabetic control rats (Suresh et al., 2009). 1991-0088 Abstract To evaluate the anti-diabetic activity of ethanolic extract of Trichosanthes tricuspidata root in alloxan induced diabetic rats and to perform the phyto- chemical screening. Keywords: alloxan; bangladesh; blood; diabetic; extract; pharmacol; rats; tricuspidata
• Effects of aqueous extract of Fadogia agrestis stem in alloxan-induced diabetic rats by Yakubu, Musa T.; Ogunro, Olalekan B. (2014) - References Abdel-Moneim A, El-Feki M, Salh E. Effect of Nigella sativa, fish and glicazide on alloxan diabetic rats. Antidiabetic activities of aqueous leaves extract of Leonotis leonurus in streptozo- tocin induced diabetic rats. Keywords: agrestis; alloxan; animals; blood; body; diabetic; et al; extract; glucose; rats; stem; weight
• Hypoglycemic activity of aqueous leaf extract of Limonia elephantum in alloxan-induced diabetic rats by Kamalakannan, K.; Balakrishnan, Veluchamy (2014) - 9: 443-446 445 Table I Effect of L. elephantum aqueous extract on blood glucose of alloxan-induced diabetic rats Blood glucose mg/dL (Mean ± SEM) Treatment group 0 hour 1 hour 3 hours 5 hours Vehicle 312.9 ± 26.0 320.3 ± 6.2 322.1 ± 2.7 323.8 ± 4.6 L. elephantum 1,000 mg/kg 450.8 ± 26.7 412.7 ± 35.5 362.4 ± 27.6b 372.6 ± 32.7 Metformin 1.5 mg/kg 332.9 ± 2.7 315.7 ± 3.8 302.8 ± 2.6b 274.8 ± 6.7a Values are given as mean ± SEM; ap≤0.01, bp≤0.05 M ea n ch an ge in b lo od gl uc os e (m g/ dL ) 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 30 60 90 120 Time (min) Vehicle L. elephantum aq extract Metformin A 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 0 30 60 90 120 Time (min) B P er ce nt ag e ch an ge in bl oo d gl uc os e 30 60 90 120 Time (min) C 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 30 60 90 120 Time (min) D120 100 80 60 40 20 0 -20 -40 Figure 1: Oral glucose tolerance test in euglycemic (A) and diabetic (B) rats treated with L. elephantum aqueous extract. Results There was no significant change blood glucose levels of animals treated with L. elephantum extract as well as with metformin as compared to those of vehicle treated controls using oral glucose tolerance test (Figure 1). Keywords: elephantum; extract; glucose; hypoglycemic; rats
• Anti-diabetic analysis and insulin expression study of a wild leafy vegetable Acalypha alnifolia Klein ex wild. on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by Revathi, Ponnusamy; Parimelazhagan, Thangaraj (2015) - The effect is might be due to the anti-oxidant and secondary metabolites (Revathi et al., 2013a) were better in A. alnifolia acetone extract. To overcome the hypoglycemia which occurred during the first 24 hours following the STZ administration, diabetic rats were orally given 5% glucose solution. Keywords: acetone; alnifolia; animals; extract; glucose; insulin; rats; study
• Blood pressure lowering effect of Pennisetum glaucum in rats by Mushtaq, Muhammad Naveed; Akhtar, Muhammad Shoaib; ., Alamgeer (2015) - Table I Effects of aqueous-methanolic extract of Pennisetum glaucum seeds on blood pressure and heart rates in normotensive rats Time (hour) Treatment with extract of Pennisetum glaucum seeds 250 mg/kg 500 mg/kg 1,000 mg/kg SBP MBP DBP HR SBP MBP DBP HR SBP MBP DBP HR 0 127.1 (0.6) 102.9 (0.3) 90.7 (0.6) 384 (2.0) 124.8 (0.5) 106.8 (0.8) 97.7 (1.3) 378 (2.1) 127.1 (0.7) 105.6 (0.8) 94.7 (1.1) 387 (2.1) 2 125.1 (0.5) 101 (0.4) 88.9 (0.8) 383 (1.0) 120.4 (2.1) 100.4 (0.4) 90.4 (0.7) 373 (1.5)a 121.4 (2.1)a 99.0 (1.7) 87.7 (3.1) 373 (2.4)a 4 124.5 (0.9) 99.6 (0.7) 87.2 (1.0) 382 (1.3) 118 (0.4) 94.3 (1.0)a 82.0 (1.7)a 366 (2.2)b 112.7 (2.1)b 91.5 (1.5)a 80.1 (2.7)a 357 (4.4)b 6 123.2 (1.2) 98.5 (1.7) 86.1 (2.8) 381 (1.8) 116.7 (1.7)a 85.0 (1.8)b 69.0 (1.0)c 354 (2.6)b 104.2 (2.4)c 86.6 (1.4)b 77.9 (2.5)b 341 (3.1)c 8 125.6 (0.6) 101 (0.8) 88.8 (1.1) 383 (0.9) 121.4 (0.7)a 91.0 (2.1)a 75.0 (3.0)b 359 (2.3)b 101.5 (2.0)c 83.6 (1.5)c 74.6 (2.7)c 332 (2.7)c Results are expressed as means (S.E.M); n = 6; SBP means systolic blood pressure; MBP means mean blood pressure; DBP means diastolic blood pressure; HR means heart rate; a = (p<0.05), b = (p<0.01), c = (p<0.001) vs. control (0 h) Table II Effects of aqueous-methanolic extract of Pennisetum glaucum seeds on blood pressure and heart rates in glucose-induced hypertensive rats Time (hour) Treatment with extract of Pennisetum glaucum seeds 250 mg/kg 500 mg/kg 1,000 mg/kg SBP MBP DBP HR SBP MBP DBP HR SBP MBP DBP HR 0 160.0 (2.2) 141.0 (0.7) 133.0 (0.9) 396 (4.0) 166 (0.8) 155.0 (0.7) 150.0 (0.8) 398 (3.8) 165.4 (2.0) 144.0 (0.6) 133.0 (0.8) 400 (2.3) 2 154.3 (1.0) 140.9 (0.6) 131.0 (0.8) 383 (2.6)a 150.5 (1.2) 143.0 (0.6) 139.0 (0.7) 386 (4.1)a 145.0 (3.2)a 129.0 (2.4)b 121 (2.5)a 371 (3.7)b 4 151.1 (1.6) 130.0 (1.5)a 120.0 (1.8) 376 (3.7)b 143.0 (1.8)a 137.3 (1.2)a 134.0 (1.1) 360 (2.7)b 132.0 (2.6)b 109.4 (1.8)c 98.0 (1.1)b 363 (3.1)c 6 141.0 (1.8)b 124.0 (3.5)b 116.0 (0.7) 363 (2.1)b 139.0 (2.8)a 130.0 (2.5)b 125.0 (0.7)a 350 (4.2)b 123.4 (1.3)c 97.0 (1.2)c 84.0 (2.5)b 340 (4.2)c 8 138.0 (1.0)b 126.0 (2.6)b 120.0 (1.9) 367 (4.0)b 130.0 (2.3)b 122.0 (2.2)c 118.0 (1.1)b 348 (3.2)b 119.4 (1.2)c 89.4 (1.0)c 74.4 (3.1)c 327 (3.2)c Results are expressed as means (S.E.M); n = 6; SBP means systolic blood pressure; MBP means mean blood pressure; DBP means diastolic blood pressure; HR means heart rate; a = (p<0.05), b = (p<0.01), c = (p<0.001) vs. control (0 h) 496 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2015; 10: 494-499 and low costs (Khanet al., 2014). The extract significantly (p˂0.5 - p˂0.001) decreased blood pressure and heart rate with maximum effect at 1,000 mg/kg dose. Keywords: blood; extract; glaucum; glucose; heart; pressure; rate; rats; seeds
• Anti-diabetic activity of crude Pistacia lentiscus in alloxan-induced diabetes in rats by Saad Ur Rehman, Muhammad; Hafeez Kamran, Sairah; Ahmad, Mobasher; Akhtar, Usman (2015) - For acute study, rats were divided into four groups of five rats each; group I (normal rats); group II (diabetic untreated rats); group III (diabetic treated with standard drug glibenclamide); group IV (diabetic treated with crude Pistacia gum 100 mg/kg). For chronic study, rats were divided into four groups of five rats each; Group I (normal rats); Group II (diabetic untreated rats); Group III (diabetic treated with glibenclamide); Group IV (diabetic treated with crude Pistacia gum 100 mg/kg). Keywords: days; diabetic; extract; gum; lentiscus; pistacia; plate; rats
• Studies on the antidiabetic effects of Mangifera indica stem-barks and leaves on nondiabetic, type 1 and type 2 diabetic model rats by Bhowmik, Amrita; Khan, Liakot Ali; Akhter, Masfida; Rokeya, Begum (2009) - The purpose of this work was to evaluate the hypo- and antihyperglycemic effects of M. indica in normal and both type of diabetic model rats and to find out their possible mode(s) of antidiabetic action. Hypoglycemic activity that is found when given with a simultaneous glucose load in diabetic rats indicates that the extracts may interfere with the intestinal glucose absorption in the gut by various mechanisms (Nahar et al., 2000; Vinik and Wing, 1990; Lempcke, 1987). Keywords: diabetic; glucose; indica; min; model; rats; type
• Hepatoprotective effect of Cocculus hirsutus on bile duct ligation-induced liver fibrosis in Albino Wistar rats by Thakare, Sagar P.; Jain, Hitesh N.; Patil, Savita D.; Upadhyay, Umesh M. (2009) - Bile duct ligation induces imbalance between reactive oxygen species production and these anti-oxidant defense which results into oxidative stress through a series of events deregulates the cellular functions leading to hepatic damage (Sanmugapriya Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2009; 4: 126-130 129 Table III Effect of methanol extract of Cocculus hirsutus on glutathione level in bile duct ligated rats Group Gluthathione level μmol/mg of protein Normal saline treated 1.8 ± 0.0 Bile duct ligated 0.8 ± 0.0 Silymarin treated (50 mg/kg) 1.7 ± 0.0 Cocculus hirsutus extract (400 mg/kg) 1.4 ± 0.0 A B C D E F G Figure 1: (A) Histology of normal liver showing normal hepatocyte, prominent central vein and sinosoids; (B) Bile duct ligated liver showing necrosis and portal inflammation, lymphocyte infiltration; C) Sham treated liver showing normal liver histology, prominent central vein and hepatocytes; D) Silymarin-treated liver showing necrosis and portal inflammation decreases compared with bile duct ligation; E) Methanol extract (100 mg/kg) showing mild bile duct proliferation and portal inflammation; F) Metha- nol extract (200 mg/kg) showing few area of necrosis and fatty change are seen; G) Methanol extract (400 mg/kg) showing small areas of lymphocyte infiltration and restoration of cells near to normal are seen (Hematoxylin and Eosin stain X 100) and Venkataraman, 2006). Lee TY, Chang HH, Chenjenn H. Herb medicine ameliorates hepatic fibrosis in bile duct ligation rats. Keywords: animals; bile; duct; extract; hirsutus; ligation; liver; rats
• Nephroprotective effect of Costus pictus extract against doxorubicin-induced toxicity on Wistar rat by Rajasekaran, Muthiah (2019) - CPE treatment, however, showed significant protection against doxo- rubicin toxicity as evident from non-significant change of anti-oxidant enzymes when compared to the control Table I Serum markers of kidney function in different treatment groups Experimental groups Albumin (g/dL) Urea (U/L) Glutathione-S Table II Shows the level of lipid peroxides, glutathione and anti-oxidant enzymes in the kidney Treatment groups Lipid pe- roxidation Reduced glutathione Glutathione peroxidase Glutathione- S-transferase Catalase Superoxide dismutase Control 16.6 ± 1.5 26.1 ± 1.4 19.0 ± 1.2 7.2 ± 1.0 18.0 ± 1.8 26.0 ± 1.8 Doxorubicin 38.0 ± 2.0a 14.7 ± 1.8a 9.0 ± 1.8a 2.5 ± 1.6 b 7.4 ± 1.4a 12.1 ± 1.4a Doxorubicin + C. pictus extract (200 mg/kg) 21.5 ± 1.5 18.2 ± 1.3b 12.1 ± 1.0b 5.3 ± 1.3 11.9 ± Keywords: anti; doxorubicin; effect; extract; glutathione; kidney; pharmacol; pictus; rats; tissue
• Lipid lowering efficacy of fraxetin, a coumarin derivative on high fat diet induced hypercholesterolemic rats by Purushothaman, Ayyakkannu; Sundaram, Ramalingam (2020) - A large number of literatures reported that various medi- cinal plants had lipid lowering effects, for example, Pterodon emarginatus (Dal Forno et al., 2019), Salvia hispanica (Rodrigues et al., 2018), Stellaria media (Khan et al., 2019), Zingiber officinale (Bekkouch et al., 2019), Lagenaria siceraria, Commiphora wightii and Glycyrriza glabra (Srivastava and Srivastava, 2018). Phytotherapy could be a suitable alternative for the treatment of hyperlipidemia (Liu et al., 2011). Keywords: fraxetin; frx; index; lipid; mg\kg; rats
• Effect of n-hexane extract of Nigella sativa on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats by Begum, Nasim A.; Dewan, Zesmin F.; Nahar, Nilufar; Mamun, M. I. Rouf (2006) - A recent study suggested that N. sativa oil (Ali, 2004) given prophylactically was able to alleviate gentamicin nephrotoxicity in rats. N. sativa (kalajira) occupies a unique position among the herbal products of Southeast Asia as a natural remedy for a number of illnesses. Keywords: extract; gentamicin; hexane; nephrotoxicity; rats; sativa; serum
• Effect of hexane extract of spinach in the removal of arsenic from rat by Umar, Badar Uddin (2007) - Estimation of tissue arsenic level The amount of total arsenic in tissues was measured by quantitative colorimetric method for total arsenic estimation using SDDC method. Selenium intervention in reducing arsenic levels in different tissues. Keywords: acid; arsenic; extract; hexane; level; rats; spinach; water
• Dietary shochu kasu alleviates fatty liver induced by orotic acid by Buang, Yohanes; Ola, Pius D.; Yanagita, Teruyoshi (2010) - The slightly decreased final body weight of shochu kasu-containing group than that of orotic acid group might be contributed by the reduction of white adipose tissues weight, mainly omental and perirenal {(omental; orotic acid + shochu kasu, 1.23 ± 0.02; orotic acid, 1.42 ± 0.07) (perirenal; orotic acid + shochu kasu, 0.66 ± 0.07; orotic acid, 0.96 ± 0.12)}. Furthermore, dietary orotic acid promoted liver weight significantly than that of the basal group. Keywords: acid; fatty; kasu; liver; rats; shochu; synthase; triglyceride
• Anti-diabetic activity of Allium wallichii on streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced type-2 diabetes in rat by Rana, Vijay Singh ; Sethiya, Neeraj Kumar; Singhal, Manmohan (2022) - Group IV and Group V rats were treated with A. wallichii extract at a dose (200 or 400 mg/kg) followed by glucose. Group IV and Group V rats were treated with A. wallichii extract at a dose (200 or 400 mg/kg) followed by streptozotocin-nicotinamide. Keywords: allium; diabetes; et al; extract; glucose; nicotinamide; rats; streptozotocin; type-2; wallichii
• Vigna mungo possesses pharmacological potential for the management of hyperthyroidism and improves estrus cycle disturbances by Anwaar, Mariya; Jabeen, Qaiser ; Ali, Hina; Nadeem, Ayesha ; Rasheed, Hafiz Muhammad Farhan (2023) - Plants with reported antithyroid activity include Aegle marmelos, Aloe vera (Kar et al., 2002), Allium sativum, Trigonella foenum-graecum (Tahi- liani and Kar, 2003), Althaea officinalis (Shah et al., 2011), Carica papaya (Udoh et al., 2004), Melissa officinalis, Lyco- pus europaeus, Rosmarinus officinalis, Salvia officinalis and Bacopa monnieri (Singh et al., 2021). 2011 Glycosides 500 mg extract + 2 mL chloroform + 2 mL of concen- trated H2SO4 Reddish brown color Audu et al., 2007 Phenols Extract solution, filtered, filtrate + 5% ferric chloride solution Bluish black precipitates Mandal et al., 2013 Phlobatannins 500 mg extract + 2 mL of distilled water, boiled on water bath + HCl (2%) Red color precipitates Jana and Shekhawat, 2010 Quinones 100 mg extract + concentrated HCl Yellow color precipitates Ugochukwu et al., 2013 Resins 200 mg extract + 5 mL ethanol, poured resulting solu- tion in 10 mL of distilled water Precipitates Velavan, 2015 Saponins Boiling water + 500 mg extract, cooled and then shak- en vigorously Froth formation Zohra et al., 2012 Tannins 500 mg extract + 10 mL distilled water + gelatin solu- tion (1%) (having 10% sodium chloride) White precipitates Tiwari et al., 2011 Terpenes Extract + copper acetate solution (1%) Emerald green color Keywords: body; carbimazole; desktop; diestrus; estrus; extract; file:///c:/users; levels; mungo; phase; rats; study; thyroid; thyroxine
• Aqueous extracts of the leaves of Sesbania sesban reduces development of diabetic nephropathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat by Pandhare, Ramdas Bhanudas; Sangameswaran, B.; Mohite, Popat B.; Khanage, Shantaram G. (2011) - Diabetic rats showed severe hyperglycemia with marked increase in proteinuria and albuminuria. Histopathology studies on kidneys of diabetic rats revealed severe increase in mesangial cells and matrix of glomeruli with hyaline thickening of some arteriole wall, resulted from selective albuminuria and proteinuria. Keywords: diabetes; diabetic; extract; glucose; rats; sesban
• Hypoglycemic potentials of Malvaviscus arboreus leaves against alloxanated albino rats by Hamza, Muhammad; Khalil-ur-Rehman, Muhammad; Yar, Muhammad (2025) - M. arboreus leaves have antioxidant properties (Fahim et al., 2021), which may reduce oxidative stress and improve pancreatic function (Prabhakar and Doble, A Figure 1: Effects of M. arboreus leaf extracts on histopathological changes of pancreas in albino rats in diabetic control (A), drug control (B), n-hexane (C), dichloromethane (D), ethyl acetate (E), methanol (F) B C D E F Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2024; 19: 128-134 131 2011). The results highlighted the hypoglycemic potential of Malvaviscus arboreus leaf extracts in alloxan-induced albino rats. Keywords: acetate; arboreus; blood; diabetic; dichloromethane; ethyl; extracts; glucose; leaves; rats
• Ginkgolide B alleviates renal and podocyte injury in membranous nephropathy by inhibiting ferroptosis by Lv, Daoyuan; Su, Yuqing; Li, Jun; Zhu, Huixian; Tang, Qiong; Yu, Yafen (2025) - Original magnification: ×400 (CD2AP), ×630 (Masson, PASM, and WT-1) 126 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2025; 20: 122-130 A B C D E F G NC GB PHN + GB PHN P ru s s ia n b lu e N C O A 4 A C S L 4 L P C A T 3 a b a b b b b b b b b b Figure 3: Effects of ginkgolide B on renal ferroptosis in rats with passive Heymann nephritis. In diabe- tic kidney disease, hyperglycemia and advanced glyca- tion end products induce podocyte ferroptosis through inhibition of Nrf2 (Gao et al., 2025), suppression of AMPK (J. Zhang et al., 2025), or dysregulation of the p53/GPX4 axis (Pei et al., 2025), which contrasts with the immune complex–driven pathological changes in membranous nephropathy. Keywords: b b; ferroptosis; ginkgolide; injury; kidney; levels; nephritis; nephropathy; podocyte; rats; renal; zhang

• Organochlorine insecticides (DDT and heptachlor) in dry fish: Traditional washing and cooking effect on dietary intake by Bhuiyan, Md. Nurul Huda; Bhuiyan, Habibur Rahman; Ahmed, Kabir; Dawlatana, Mamtaz; Haque, K. M. Formuzul; Rahim, Matiur; Bhuiyan, Md. Nazrul Islam (2008) - An aliquot of dry fish samples which were collected as blank and treated exactly as a sample including exposure to all glassware, equipments, solvents and reagents used with the sample matrix. For protection of dry fish from infestation they use a mixture of organochlorine (DDT and heptachlor) insecticides (Bhuiyan et al., 2008). Keywords: bangladesh; boiling; ddt; fish; heptachlor; samples; solution; treatment; washing
• Study of adverse drug reactions in out-patient departments of a teaching hospital by Begum, Zinnat Ara; Sultana, Sayeeda; Umar, Badar Uddin; Ferdous, A. H.; Uddin, Md. Kamal; Islam, S. M. Hasibul (2012) - The study conducted in the Medicine and Skin outpatient Departments of Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka revealed 19 cases (7 males, 12 females) of adverse drug reactions (ADR) out of 160 patients. Study of adverse drug reactions in out -patient departments of a teaching hospital. Keywords: adr; adrs; bangladesh; drug; et al; reactions; study
• Arsenic residues in broiler meat and excreta at arsenic prone areas of Bangladesh by Ghosh, Amalendu; Awal, Md. Abdul; Majumder, Shankar; Sikder, Mahmudul Hasan; Rao, Damanna Ramkishan (2012) - Statistical analyses Information regarding broiler chickens were stratified according to area, age, sex, drinking water source and arsenic levels in drinking water and feed. The overall levels (µg/kg) of arsenic in thigh muscle, liver, kidney, lung and skin of broiler chickens were 67.8 ± 5.1, 102.1 ± 180 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2012; 7: 178-185 Table I Numbers of broiler chickens by geographic area, age, consumption of feed type, drinking water source, and ranges of arsenic levels in drinking water and feed (n = 232) Keywords: arsenic; bangladesh; broiler; chickens; drinking; drinking water; excreta; feed; liver; muscle; skin; tissues; water
• Effectiveness of garlic oil in the treatment of arsenical palmar keratosis by Misbahuddin, Mir; Bashar, Tahmina; Hossain, Md. Amir (2013) - Same number (20) of arsenic exposed controls (having no signs and symptoms of melanosis and/or keratosis) were selected from the family members of those patients. There were two males and 15 females from arsenic exposed controls. Keywords: arsenic; bangladesh; controls; garlic; keratosis; oil; palmar; patients; study; treatment
• Effect of spirulina on the levels of zinc, vitamin E and linoleic acid in the palm skin extracts of people with prolonged exposure to arsenic by Misbahuddin, Mir; Afrin, Munira (2013) - $�-RXUQDO�RI�WKH�%DQJODGHVK�3KDUPDFRORJLFDO�6RFLHW\��%'36� %DQJODGHVK�-�3KDUPDFRO������������-�� -RXUQDO�KRPHSDJH��ZZZ�EDQJODMRO�LQIR��ZZZ�EGMSKDUPDFRO�FRP $EVWUDFWHG�LQGH[HG� LQ $FDGHPLF� 6HDUFK� &RPSOHWH� $JURIRUHVWU\� $EVWUDFWV�� $VLD� -RXUQDOV� 2QOLQH�� %DQJODGHVK� -RXUQDOV� 2QOLQH�� %LRORJLFDO� $EVWUDFWV�� %,26,6� 3UHYLHZV�� &$%� $EVWUDFWV�� &XUUHQW� $EVWUDFWV��'LUHFWRU\� RI� 2SHQ� $FFHVV� -RXUQDOV�� (0%$6(�([FHUSWD�0HGLFD��*RRJOH� 6FKRODU��+,1$5,� �:+2��� ,QWHUQDWLRQDO�3KDUPDFHXWLFDO�$EVWUDFWV��2SHQ�--JDWH� 6FLHQFH�&LWDWLRQ�,QGH[�([SDQGHG��6&2386�DQG�6RFLDO�6FLHQFHV�&LWDWLRQ�,QGH[� ,661������-����� Effect of spirulina on the levels of zinc, vitamin E and linoleic acid in the palm skin extracts of people with prolonged exposure to arsenic 0LU�0LVEDKXGGLQ�DQG��0XQLUD�$IULQ 'LYLVLRQ�RI�$UVHQLF�5HVHDUFK��'HSDUWPHQW�RI�3KDUPDFRORJ\��)DFXOW\�RI�%DVLF�0HGLFDO�6FLHQFH�DQG�3DUDFOLQLFDO� 6FLHQFH��%DQJDEQDGKX�6KHLNK�0XMLE�0HGLFDO�8QLYHUVLW\��6KDKEDJ��'KDND��%DQJODGHVK� $EVWUDFW Spirulina, a dietary supplement, improves the symptoms of arsenical palmer keratosis. C:\Users\Hp\AppData\Local\Temp\msoA0CE.tmp Introduction Thousands of people in Bangladesh, at present, are suffering from arsenical keratosis. Keywords: acid; arsenic; bangladesh; controls; keratosis; level; linoleic; palm; patients; skin; spirulina; vitamin; zinc; � �
• Anti-inflammatory activity of bark of Xeromphis spinosa by Das, Biswa Nath; Saha, Achinto; Ahmed, Muniruddin (2008) - Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Research Article Anti-inflammatory activity of bark of Xeromphis spinosa BJP Introduction Inflammation is considered as a primary physiologic defense mechanism that helps body to protect itself against infection, burn, toxic chemicals, allergens or other noxious stimuli, an uncontrolled and persistent inflammation may act as an etiologic factor for many of these chronic illnesses (Kumar et al., 2004). Effect of X. spinosa extract on carrageenin induced rat paw edema Screening for anti-inflammatory activity of X. spinosa extract was done with a carrageenin induced paw edema model (Winter et al., 1962). Keywords: bangladesh; carrageenin; edema; extract; paw; spinosa
• The colony count of Escherichia coli in the stool of palmar arsenical keratosis following probiotics supplementation by Rashid, Nafisa; Misbahuddin, Mir; Choudhry, Zubaida Khatoon; Saleh, Ahmed Abu; Sattar, Abu Naser Ibne (2014) - The mean colony counts of E. coli in the stool of arsenic exposed controls and patients were reduced to 7.3 x 1011 and 3.2 x 1011 CFU/g respectively in comparison to healthy volunteers (11.1 x 1011 CFU/g). The mean arsenic level in stool of patients was 4.4 ± 1.3 µg/g, which was less than arsenic exposed controls (5.1 ± 1.2 µg/g). Keywords: arsenic; bangladesh; coli; controls; patients; probiotics; stool; supplementation; volunteers
• In silico antigenic site evaluation and antiviral therapy against dengue serotypes by Parida, Pratap; Deka, Priyadarshini; Shankar, Brajesh; Yadav, R. N. S. (2014) - The aim of this study was to examine the mutation in antigenic site of dengue virus and the antiviral action of mycophenolic acid (MPA) and ribavirin (RBV) on NS3 proteins DENV I-IV determining the best drug that can be most active against the virus from the binding ener- gy and the pocket which fits the drug. The accession No., sequence length, hits, positions, antigenic sites, anti- genic site length and the highest score were given in the Table I-IV. Keywords: acid; bangladesh; dengue; denv; energy; ligands; ns3; polg_denv; protein; site; virus
• Hepatoprotective effect of Chenopodium murale in mice by Saleem, Mohammad; Ahmed, Bilal; Qadir, Muhammad Imran; Mahrukh, .; Rafiq, Maria; Ahmad, Mobasher; Ahmad, Bashir (2014) - The plants like Luminetzera racemosa (Gnanadesigan et al., 2011), Convolvulus arvensis (Ali et al., 2013), Hibiscus vitifolius (Sameul et al., 2012), Carica papaya (Sadeque and Begum, 2010), Carissa spinarum (Hegde and Joshi, 2010), Cocculus hirsutus (Thakare et al., 2009), Convolvulus arvensis (Ali et al., 2013), Dodonaea viscosa (Khan et al., 2013), Khamira Gaozaban Ambri Jadwar Ood Saleeb Wala (Akhtar et al., 2013), OfIpomoea staphylina (Bag and Mumtaz, 2013), Suaeda fruticosa (Rehman et al., 2013), Trianthema decandra (Balamurugan and Muthusamy, 2008) and Trichodesma sedgwickianum (Saboo et al., 2013) showed hepatoprotective effect. The presence of flavonoids (Vijay and Padmaa, 2011), saponins, (Kumar et al., 2011) or triterpenoids (Kim et al., 2004) is believed to be hepato- protective. Keywords: bangladesh; extract; hepatoprotective; liver; methanolic; murale
• Stereospermum tetragonam as an antidiabetic agent by activating PPARγ and GLUT4 by Kingsley, Bino; Arun, K. P.; Selvaraj, Stalin; Pemiah, Brindha (2014) - Determination of cell GLUT4 and PPAR gamma Cell lysate were made and the resultant supernatant was used for the estimation of GLUT4 and PPAR gamma expression levels using ELISA kit (Qiagen QY- 03235). Semple RK, Chatterjee VK, O'Rahilly S. PPAR gamma and human metabolic disease. Keywords: bangladesh; gamma; glut4; pparγ; present; tetragonam
• Adherence to treatment guidelines in a university hospital: Exploration of facts and factors by Afreen, Swarmita; Rahman, Md. Sayedur (2014) - In spite of efforts to improve guideline adherence, success was very little due to different barriers (Lugtenberg et al., 2011). Audit and feedback and clinical practice guideline adherence: Making feedback actionable. Keywords: adherence; asthma; bangladesh; departments; guideline; medicine; prescribers; study; treatment
• Antidiabetic potential of Conocarpus lancifolius by Saadullah, Malik; Chaudary, Bashir Ahmad; Uzair, Muhammad; Afzal, Khurram (2014) - Present Saponins Present Flavonoids Present Tannins Present Table II Inhibitory effects of C. lancifolius on α-glucosidase Concentration (mg/mL) % Inhibition 0.5 99.1 0.25 98.7 0.125 99.8 0.0625 98.9 0.03125 98.1 0.0156 99.1 0.0078 99.0 0.0039 98.5 Table III Effect of C. lancifolius extract on blood glucose level in alloxan induced diabetic rabbits No. of days Glucose level Control Diabetic Diabetic with Extract (100 mg/kg) Extract (200 mg/kg) Diamicran (80 mg/kg) 0 93.0 (5.1) 270.4 (3.3) 270.0 (5.4) 269.0 (4.7) 272.0 (5.9) 7 91.0 (4.3) 268.2 (4.1) 155.0 (5.1) 144.5 (5.5) Number of rabbits in each group = 6; Values are expressed as mean and SD within the parenthesis Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2014; 9: 244-249 247 Table IV Effect of C. lancifolius extract on total cholesterol and triglycerides level in alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits Keywords: alloxan; bangladesh; diabetes; diabetic; effect; extract; lancifolius; pharmacol; rabbits
• Antimicrobial resistance and related issues: An overview of Bangladesh situation by Rahman, Md. Sayedur; Huda, Sharmila (2014) - Against this background, attempt has been taken, to overview the status of antimicrobial resistance and rela- ted contributory issues in Bangladesh. The present study was designed to understand Bangladesh situation about antimicrobial resistance. Keywords: antimicrobial; bangladesh; health; issues; medical; pharmacol; questions; rahman; resistance
• Hepatoprotective effect of aqeous methanolic extract of Rumex dentatus in paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity in mice by Saleem, Mohammad; Ahmed, Bilal; Karim, Mahrukh; Ahmed, Shahzad; Ahmad, Mobasher; Qadir, M. Imran; Syed, Nawazish-i-Husain (2014) - It has been seen that many herbal plants are found to be hepatoprotective such as Cichorium intybus (Heibatollah et al., 2008), Luminet racemosa (Gnanadesigan et al., 2011), Solanum nigrum (Raju et al., 2003), Hibiscus vitifolius (Samuel et al., 2012), Chenopodium murale (Saleem et al., 2014), Trichodesma sedgwickianum (Saboo et al., 2013), Oflpomoea staphylina (Bag and Mumtaz, 2013), Convolvulus arvensis (Ali et al., 2013), Suaeda fruticosa (Rehman et al., 2013) and Khamira Gaozaban Ambri Jadwar Ood Saleeb Wala (Akhtar et al., 2013). It has antifungal, antibacterial, insecticidal and allelopathic activities (Hussain et al., 2010; Umer et al., 2010). Keywords: bangladesh; dentatus; et al; extract; hepatoprotective; liver; methanolic; paracetamol; pharmacol
• Effect of ethanol extract of leaves of Azadirachta indica on palmar arsenical keratosis: A single-blind trial by Ferdoush, Jannatul; Misbahuddin, Mir (2014) - Arsenical keratosis usually appears on palm and planter aspect of the feet and may also develop on the dorsum of the extremities and trunk (Caussy, 2005). Arsenical keratosis can be treated by either topical administration of drug or oral administration of dietary supplement or both. Keywords: acid; arsenic; bangladesh; indica; keratosis; palmar; patients; salicylic; study; treatment
• Evolutionary analysis of galectins and identification of potential galectin-1 inhibitors: A computational approach by Bhavaniprasad, Vipperla; Anbarasu, Krishnan; Jayanthi, Sivaraman (2014) - Papaleo E, Mereghetti P, Fantucci P, Grandori R, De Gioia L. Free-energy landscape, principal component analysis, and structural clustering to identify representative conforma- tions from molecular dynamics simulations: The myoglobin case. O—N 8 Terconazole -4.88 2.8 3.2 (Arg 48) NH—O (His 44) NH—O 9 Isavucanazole -4.32 2.9 (His 44) NH—O 10 Albaconazole -3.98 2.7 (Arg 48) NH—O Figure 4: Molecular dynamics simulations results of Galectin-1 /hexaconazole complex from GROMACS. Keywords: analysis; bangladesh; binding; docking; dynamics; energy; figure; galectin-1; galectins; protein
• Prescribing pattern of psychotropic drugs used in non-psychiatric patients among outpatient department of two teaching hospitals in Bangladesh by Alam, Nazmun Nahar; Ara, Ferdous; Iqbal, Md. Jalal Uddin (2015) - Psychotropic drug use were 60.3% in female and 39.7% in male in SSMC and 66.7% were female and 33.3% were male in HFRCMCH. This study also found that psychotropic drug use were more in female than male. Keywords: bangladesh; drugs; health; patients; prescribing; use
• Strength, efficacy and tolerability of morphine solution with and without added preservatives: A comparative study by Perveen, Rawshan Ara; Rahman, Md. Sayedur (2015) - 120 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2015; 10: 116-124 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Doses Baseline 1 2 3 4 P in te ns ity (V A S ) 10 8 6 4 2 0 x y A B Figure 3: Differences in pain intensity after administration of solution prepared by sustained release tablets with and with- out added preservatives in a day x: solutions prepared without added preservative; y: solutions prepared with added preservative Figure 4: Cumulative pain relief score after administration of morphine solution prepared from sustained release tablets and injectable formulations with and without added preservative x: Total pain relief score of 7 (80x7) patients included in solutions with- out added preservative and 9 (80x9) patients included in solutions with added preservative; y: Cumulative pain relief score after morphine solution administration prepared from sustained release tablets; z: Cumulative pain relief score after morphine solution administration prepared from injectable formulation Solutions without added preservative Groups C um ul at iv e pa in re lie f s co re 800 600 400 200 0 Solutions with added preservative X Y Z Morphine usually produces these metabolites when it comes in contact with atmospheric oxygen. In the present study, morphine solution from sustained release tablet was prepared, which was comparatively A Journal of the Bangladesh Pharmacological Society (BDPS) Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2015; 10: 116-24 Journal homepage: www.banglajol.info Abstracted/indexed in Academic Search Complete, Agroforestry Abstracts, Asia Journals Online, Bangladesh Journals Online, Biological Abstracts, BIOSIS Previews, CAB Abstracts, Current Abstracts, Directory of Open Access Journals, EMBASE/Excerpta Medica, Google Scholar, HINARI (WHO), International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, Open J-gate, Science Citation Index Expanded, SCOPUS and Social Sciences Citation Index ISSN: Keywords: administration; bangladesh; formulation; morphine; pain; patients; preservative; release; solution; study
• Exopolysaccharide and lactic acid bacteria: Perception, functionality and prospects by Bajpai, Vivek K.; Rather, Irfan A.; Majumder, Rajib; Shukla, Shruti; Aeron, Abhinav; Kim, Kangmin; Kang, Sun Chul; Dubey, R. C.; Maheshwari, D. K.; Lim, Jeongheui; Park, Yong-Ha (2015) - Introduction Overview of exopolysaccharide Lactic acid bacteria are widely exploited in medicine, and traditional dairy products, as well as in biotechno- logical and industrial fermentation processes as a well- established starter culture (Park, 2001; Savadogo et al., 2004; Park et al., 2008; Kim et al., 2013a; Rather et al., 2013; Park et al., 2014). Lactic acid bacteria have shown a significant importance in health complications with increasing number of health beneficial microflora in the intestinal tract (Park et al., 2010), along with an ability to synthesize functional exopolysaccharides (Ricciardi and Clementi 2000; Seo et al., 2001; Savadogo et al., 2004; Kim et al., 2006; Kim et al., 2007). Keywords: ability; acid bacteria; addition; antiviral; applications; bangladesh; biosynthesis; biotechnol; cell; characterization; chemical; dairy; effect; eps; et al; exopolysaccharide; exopolysaccharide production; food; gene; glucose; harutoshi; health; hetero; industrial; kim; lactic; lactobacillus; microbial; molecular; number; park; pharmacol; polysaccharides; potential; production; properties; role; sugar; van; virus
• Isolation of myristyl alcohol from Hybanthus enneaspermus by Sasikumar, Kandasamy; Ghosh, Asit Ranjan (2017) - The soluble fraction of chloroform A Journal of the Bangladesh Pharmacological Society (BDPS) Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2017; 12: 113-114 Journal homepage: www.banglajol.info Abstracted/indexed in Academic Search Complete, Agroforestry Abstracts, Asia Journals Online, Bangladesh Journals Online, Biological Abstracts, BIOSIS Previews, CAB Abstracts, Current Abstracts, Directory of Open Access Journals, EMBASE/Excerpta Medica, Google Scholar, HINARI (WHO), International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, Open J-gate, Science Citation Index Expanded, SCOPUS and Social Sciences Citation Index ISSN: 1991-0088; DOI: 10.3329/bjp.v12i2.27605 Letter to the Editor Figure 1: 1H NMR (A) and 13C NMR (B) spectrum of isolated compound (1-tetradecanol) from H. enneaspermus This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. dipeptide alkaloids, aurantiamide acetate, isoarborinol, and β-sitosterol have been isolated (Patel et al., 2013) and also some of the identified compounds are alkyl alcohols, heteroxanthine, theophylline, theobromine, caffeine, tetramethyl trihydroxypurine, agnosterol, lanosterol, dihydrositosterol, cholestanol, cholesterol, dihydroagnosterol, gallic acid, catechin, galangin, kaempferol, thujyl alcohol, menthol, terpinol, sesquiter- pene and daucul from H. enneaspermus by gas chromatography (Retnam and De Britto, 2003). Keywords: alcohol; bangladesh; enneaspermus; plant
• Chemical composition of leaf and seed essential oil of Coriandrum sativum L. from Bangladesh by Bhuiyan, Mohammad Nazrul Islam; Begum, Jaripa; Sultana, Mahbuba (2009) - It is reported that coriander seed oil contains linalool (60-70%) and 20% hydrocarbons and the composition of the herb oil completely differs from the seed oil (Guenther, 1950). Rastogi and Mehrotra reported (1993) detection of - pinene, limonene, -phellandrene, eucalyptol, linalool, borneol, -caryophyllene, citronellol, geraniol, thymol, linalyl acetate, geranyl acetate, caryophyllene oxide, elemol and methyl heptenol in seed oil by TLC. Keywords: acetate; acid; bangladesh; composition; linalool; oil; sativum; seed
• Knowledge, perception and preparedness of future prescribers about antimicrobial stewardship by Ferdoush, Jannatul; Parveen, Kohinoor; Ata, Maliha; Reza, Fahim Hasan; Rahman, Md. Sayedur (2016) - Inappropriate use of antimicrobials (95%) and poor infection control (82%) were identified as contributors for the spread of antimicrobial resistance. Problems of antimicrobial resistance can be reduced if antimicro- bials are prescribed rationally 155 (91) Keywords: antimicrobial; bangladesh; knowledge; medical; pharmacol; resistance; stewardship; students; use
• Pharmacological activities of the methanolic extract of Quercus dialatata fruit by Shah, Akram Ullah; Khan, Rahmat Ali; Ahmed, Mushtaq (2017) - Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Volume: 12; Number 1; Year 2017 Cite this article as: Shah AU, Khan RA, Ahmed M. Pharmacological activities of methanolic crude extract of Quercus dialatata fruit. Protocol of Duraipandiyan and Ignacimuthu (2009) was used to screen cytotoxic, DPPH and antifungal activities while Re et al. (1999) for ABTS and Nishikimi et al., (1972) for superoxide free radical scavenging activities. Keywords: activities; bangladesh; extract
• Larvicidal activity of prenyl xanthones from Garcinia mangostana against dengue vector by Sasikumar, Kandasamy; Ghosh, Asit Ranjan (2017) - In Ayurvedic medicine, the pericarp of this fruit has wide use against diarrhea, cholera and dysentery (Chopra et al., 1956). Dengue fever is endemic in the Southeast Asia and India, Bangladesh and Pakistan (Akram and Ahmed, 2005) and continues to increase with more severe forms of the disease such as dengue haemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome or with unusual symptoms such as central nervous system involvement Pancharoen et al., 2002). Keywords: bangladesh; dengue; larvicidal; methanol; vector; xanthones
• Dynamic online antimicrobial guideline with stewardship program: Impact on antimicrobial prescribing by Sultana, Syeda Papia; Rahman, Md. Sayedur (2017) - Conclusion A dynamic online platform for ASP including antimicrobial guideline might be an option for policy makers to incorporate or implement in Bangladesh in order to improve antimicrobial prescribing in teaching hospital. Coverage means proportion of diagnosis mentioned in the treatment sheer present in the guideline; Adherence means proportion of prescrip- tion, selection of which adhered/matched to the antimicrobial mentioned in BSMMU antimicrobial guideline 2015 for that diagnosis 368 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2017; 12: 364-370 Microbiology, BSMMU and all staff of the Information Technology Cell of the University. Keywords: antimicrobial; bangladesh; bsmmu; departments; guideline; intervention; medicine; pediatrics; prescribers; prescribing
• Antimycobacterial potential of resorcinol type lipid isolated from Chaetomium cupreum, an endophytic fungus from Mussaenda luteola by Shylaja, Gunasekaran; Sasikumar, Kandasamy; Sathiavelu, Arunachalam (2018) - Antimycobacterial potential of resorcinol type lipid isolated from Chaetomium cupreum, an endophytic fungus from Mussaenda luteola Gunasekaran Shylaja, Kandasamy Sasikumar and Arunachalam Sathiavelu School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore 14, Tamilnadu, India. Resorcinol type lipid (1) Keywords: anti; bangladesh; compound; cupreum; endophytic; fungus; lipid; resorcinol; tuberculosis; type
• Pattern of skin fungi in palmar arsenical keratosis by Moitra, Priyanka; Misbahuddin, Mir; Sattar, Abu Naser Ibne (2018) - Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Clinical Trial Pattern of skin fungi in palmar ar- senical keratosis BJP Introduction The chronic ingestion of high concentration of arsenic in the drinking water may lead to suffering from arseni- cosis (Caussy, 2005; Misbahuddin, 2015). In conclusion, skin fungi are altered in arsenicosis irrespective of intake of high concentration of arsenic. Keywords: acid; arsenic; arsenicosis; aspergillus; bangladesh; dermatophytes; fungi; keratosis; misbahuddin; palm; patient; skin; water
• Antidiabetic activity of giant grass Bambusa tulda by Dey, Swarna Kamal; Middha, Sushil Kumar; Usha, Talambedu; Brahma, Birendra Kumar; Goyal, Arvind Kumar (2018) - You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author or licensor Figure 1: Effect of B. tulda leaf extract on body weight (g/week) in different experimental group. Two different doses of hydromethanolic extract of B. tulda leaf (50 and 100 mg/kg/mL) were used. Keywords: bamboo; bangladesh; extract; tulda
• Snapshot of the pharmaceutical promotional literature of Bangladesh: A critical review by Johora, Fatema; Rahman, Md. Sayedur (2018) - Evaluation of rationa- lity of promotional drug literature using World Health Organization guidelines. Murthy MB, Krishnamurthy B. Authenticity of claims made in drug promotional literature. Keywords: bangladesh; claim; drug; information; literature; pharmaceutical; pharmacol; promotional; table
• Effect of cock’s comb extract in the treatment of palmar arsenical keratosis by Anny, Fatema Chowdhury; Misbahuddin, Mir (2019) - A double-blind, randomize, placebo-control trial to evaluate the effect of Nigella sativa on palmer arsenical keratosis patients, Bangladesh J Pharmacol. Data collection procedures After taking informed written consent, the detailed history was taken by interviewing and clinical examina- tions were done mainly based on arsenical keratosis of the palm of the participants and recorded in the data collection sheet. Keywords: bangladesh; cock; comb; extract; keratosis; palmar; treatment; water
• Antimycobacterial and anti-oxidant potential of the bioactive metabolite isolated from the endophytic fungus Daldinia eschscholtzii by Shylaja, Gunasekaran; Sasikumar, Kandasamy; Sathiavelu, Arunachalam (2018) - In this study, endophytic fungi Daldinia eschscholtzii was isolated from the ornamental plant Mussaenda luteola (Family: Rubiaceae) since this plant was reported with many therapeutic properties like cytotoxicity, anti- inflammatory, antimicrobial and many others with predominant phytochemicals such as iridoids, triter- penes and phenols (Shylaja and Sathiavelu, 2017). The various concentration of isolated compound 1 was tested for antimycobacterial potential against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv strain. Keywords: bangladesh; compound; endophytic; eschscholtzii; fungus
• Involving postgraduate medical students in pharmacology practical classes by e-learning by Abbasy, Asma Akter; Misbahuddin, Mir (2019) - Virtual classes were conducted among the postgraduate MD students (n=26) of this department. To know the existing procedural knowledge pre-test was taken before the classes and to evaluate the effectiveness of virtual class, a post-test was carried out seven days later. Keywords: bangladesh; class; face; learning; medical; online; pharmacology; students; study; teaching; test; virtual
• Chemical constituents of essential oils from aerial parts of Adenosma capitatum and Limnophila aromatica by Bhuiyan, Mohammad Nazrul Islam; Akter, Farhana; Chowdhury, Jasim Uddin; Begum, Jaripa (2010) - Regarding A. capitatum and L. aromatica, essential oils, no work is available in our country. So, the work has been undertaken to study the chemical components of essential oils obtained from aerial parts of A. capitatum and L. aromatica grown in Bangladesh respectively. Keywords: aromatica; bangladesh; capitatum; constituents; limonene; oils
• Effects of tetracycline and clotrimazole ointments in the treatment of palmar arsenical keratosis by Ferdous, Asiya; Misbahuddin, Mir; Sattar, Abu Naser Ibne (2020) - The oral formulations studied to treat keratosis are the antioxidants (Yerebakan et al., 2002; Son et al., 2008; Khandker et al., 2006), garlic oil (Misbahuddin et al., 2013), kala jeera oil (Bashar et al., 2014), spirulina, zinc (Misbahuddin et al., 2006; Rahman et al., 2006) and selenium (Momin et al., 2007; Krohn et Abstract A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the effect of Nigella sativa on palmar arsenical keratosis patients. Keywords: arsenic; bangladesh; clotrimazole; enterobacter; et al; growth; keratosis; media; palmar; patients; samples; skin; spp; tetracycline; treatment
• Studies on antidermatophytic effect of Allamanda cathertica by Nahar, Ainun; Ashrafuzzaman, Syed; Islam, M. N.; Alam, M. Shah (2010) - The present study demonstrates the antidermatophytic effect of whole plant extract of A. cathartica. Literature survey revealed that different plant extracts and their isolated compounds have been found to be effective against various species of fungus which are responsible for ringworm diseases (Acharya and Chatterjee, 1975; Keywords: bangladesh; cathartica; disc; extract; rajshahi
• Chemical and pharmacological characterization of hypolipidemic compound from Cajanus Cajan by Habib, Md. Anwar; Anisuzzaman, Abu Syed Md; Khan, Md. Rofiqul Islam; Gafur, Md. Abdul (2010) - When the condition of diabetes was established animals with blood glucose levels above 11.1 mM were selected for the study. Redgram was found to reduce blood glucose and lipid profile in human volun- teers (Panlasigui et al., 1995). Keywords: bangladesh; blood; compound; diabetic; glucose; methanol; mice; pharmacol; redgram
• Reintroduction of nitrofurantoin in the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infection by Mahboob, Sabiha; Rahman, Md. Sayedur (2021) - It is estimated that antimicrobial resistance could cause 10 million deaths per year by 2050 (Kraker et a;., 2016). Multidisciplinary approach had become the mainstay for containment of antimicrobial resistance, recycling of older antimicro- bials is one of the approaches (Cassir et al., 2014). Keywords: antimicrobial; bangladesh; intervention; nitrofurantoin; rate; resistance; sensitivity
• Serum iron and total iron binding capacity in severely malnourished children by Rahman, Md. Atiar; Mannan, M. A.; Rahman, Md. Hamidur (2007) - Mean serum total protein and albumin level in normal children were 76.3 ± 0.5, 43.5 ± 0.4 g/L respectively which was significantly higher (p<0.05) than that of malnourished children (64.4 ± 0.6, 30.2 ± 0.5 g/L). But mean serum globulin level was (34.2 ± 0.3 g/L) higher in malnourished children than that of normal children (32.8 ± 0.5 g/L). Keywords: age; bangladesh; children; iron; serum; study
• Effect of water hyacinth root extract on arsenic level in different organs of arsenic-treated rat by Quayum, Shaheen Lipika (2007) - Estimation of tissue arsenic level (SDDC method; Bauer, 1982) Inorganic arsenic was reduced to arsine (AsH3) by zinc in strong acid solution in an arsine generator. It was sought to establish a relationship between tissue arsenic level and lipid peroxidation. Keywords: a.e; acid; arsenic; bangladesh; extract; hyacinth; root; tissue; treatment; water
• Speciation of arsenic in vegetables and their correlation with inorganic phosphate level by Laizu, Jahanara (2007) - I Concentration of total arsenic in different types of vegetables (n= 20, each) Total arsenic Total arsenic Inor- ganic arsenic Inor- ganic arsenic MMA MMA DMA DMA Inor- ganic phos- phate Inor- ganic phos- phate Fruiting vegetables Range Mean ± SD Range Mean ± SD Range Mean ± SD Range Mean ± SD Range Mean ± SD Parble 0.0‑8.3 3.2 ± 2.9 0.0‑3.2 1.3 ± 1.2 0.0‑2.8 1.1 ± 0.9 0.0‑3.2 0.9 ± 1.1 0.3‑2.1 0.9 ± 0.4 Papaya 0.0‑7.2 2.4 ± 2.3 0.0‑1.5 0.5 ± 0.5 0.0‑3.1 0.8 ± 0.9 0.0‑2.8 1.1 ± 1.0 0.0‑2.3 1.0 ± 0.5 Bean 0.0‑7.4 2.2 ± 1.9 0.0‑2.2 0.6 ± 0.6 0.0‑4.6 0.7 ± 1.1 0.0‑2.2 0.8 ± 0.7 0.2‑1.3 0.7 ± 0.3 French bean 0.3‑3.7 2.1 ± 1.0 0.0‑2.1 0.8 ± 0.6 0.0‑0.8 0.5 ± 0.3 0.0‑1.6 0.8 ± 0.5 0.8‑2.7 1.4 ± 0.6 Brinjal 0.0‑7.2 1.7 ± 2.0 0.0‑3.0 0.8 ± 1.0 0.0‑1.9 0.3 ± 0.4 0.0‑4.4 0.7 ± 1.1 0.9‑5.7 2.0 ± 1.2 Bitter gourd 0.0‑9.8 1.5 ± 2.2 0.0‑2.5 0.4 ± 0.6 0.0‑3.9 0.5 ± 0.7 0.0‑3.4 0.5 ± 0.8 0.8‑4.6 2.2 ± 1.2 Lady's fin- ger 0.1‑4.9 1.4 ± 1.2 0.0‑2.1 0.7 ± 0.6 0.0‑1.0 0.3 ± 0.4 0.0‑3.5 0.4 ± 0.8 0.3‑3.3 1.4 ± 0.9 Pumpkin 0.0‑7.3 1.4 ± 1.5 0.0‑2.2 0.7 ± 0.6 0.0‑2.9 0.3 ± 0.7 0.0‑2.3 0.3 ± 0.6 0.8‑2.1 1.4 ± 0.5 Cauliflower 0.1‑3.6 0.8 ± 0.8 0.0‑1.4 0.4 ± 0.5 0.0‑0.6 0.2 ± 0.2 0.0‑1.6 0.2 ± 0.3 0.3‑2.0 0.6 ± 0.4 Tomato 0.1‑1.5 0.7 ± 0.5 0.0‑1.0 0.3 ± 0.3 0.0‑0.4 0.1 ± 0.1 0.0‑0.5 0.3 ± 0.2 0.0‑0.6 0.4 ± 0.1 Root and tuber vege- tables Arum 1.0‑7.7 3.9 ± 1.7 0.0‑3.4 1.5 ± 0.9 0.1‑2.3 0.8 ± 0.7 0.0‑2.9 1.6 ± 1.0 0.7‑2.9 1.8 ± 0.7 Keywords: arsenic; arum; bangladesh; dma; inorganic; phosphate; relationship; vegetables
• Prescribing vitamins at primary health care level: Exploration of facts, factors and solution by Das, Adhir Kumar; Rahman, Md. Sayedur (2011) - However, vitamin prescribing has increased significantly without confirmation of specific deficiency or evidence of lack of specific vitamin in the diets of the people (Anonymous, 2006). Prevalence of vitamin prescribing was 30.2, 38.7 and 45.4% and contribution of vitamins in the cost of drugs prescribed in vitamin containing prescription was 27.6, 30.4 and 41.9% at Upazilla Health Complexes (UHC), non-government organizations (NGO) and private practices (PP) respectively. Keywords: bangladesh; drug; health; information; intervention; medical; prescribers; prescribing; prescriptions; vitamin
• Randomized double-blind trial to evaluate the effectiveness of topical administration of propylene glycol in arsenical palmar keratosis by Dina, Ashrafun Naher; Misbahuddin, Mir (2011) - In this study, we examined the effectiveness and tolerance of propylene glycol for the treatment of arsenical palmer keratosis. Sixty patients of arsenicosis with palmer keratoses were randomly divided into three groups and different concentrations (15, 30 and 45%) of propylene glycol were applied topically into their palms once at bedtime for eight weeks. Keywords: arsenic; bangladesh; glycol; keratosis; patients; propylene; treatment
• Protein binding interaction of warfarin and acetaminophen in presence of arsenic and of the biological system by Alam, Md. Ashraful; Uddin, Riaz; Haque, Shamsul (2008) - Free warfarin concentration increased due to addition of acetaminophen (paracetamol) which reduced the binding of warfarin to BSA. Paracetamol (acetaminophen) warfarin interaction: NAPQI, the toxic metabolite of paracetamol, is an inhibitor of enzymes in the vitamin K cycle. Keywords: acetaminophen; arsenic; bangladesh; binding; concentration; drug; presence; protein; site; warfarin
• Status of sennosides content in various Indian herbal formulations: Method standardization by HPTLC by Aktar, Md. Wasim; Poi, Rajlakshmi; Bhattacharyya, Anjan (2008) - The average recovery rate was 95% for sennoside A and 97% for sennoside B showing the reliability and reproducibility of the method. The average recovery rate was 95% for sennoside A and 97% for sennoside B (Table II) showing the reliability and reproducibility of the method. Keywords: bangladesh; formulations; hptlc; method; sennoside; standard
• Chemical investigation of the leaf and rhizome essential oils of Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Smith from Bangladesh by Bhuiyan, Mohammad Nazrul Islam; Chowdhury, Jasim Uddin; Begum, Jaripa (2008) - No. Name of constituents of leaf essential oil % Name of constituents of rhizome essential oil % 1 Thirty com- ponents were identified in rhizome oil with the main components being in zerumbone (46.8%); a-caryophyllene (19.0%) and 1,5,5,8-tetramethyl-12- oxabicyclo[9.1.0]dodeca-3,7-diene (4.3%). Keywords: bangladesh; oil; oils; rhizome; zerumbet; zerumbone; zingiber
• Analysis of essential oil of eaglewood tree (Aquilaria agallocha Roxb.) by gas chromatography mass spectrometry by Bhuiyan, Mohammad Nazrul Islam; Begum, Jaripa; Bhuiyan, Md. Nurul Huda (2008) - Healthy plants oil contained octacosane (19.8%), naphthalene, 1,2,3,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydro-1,8a- dimethyl-7-(1-methylethenyl)-, [1R-(1.alpha. This may indicate that naturally infected type of agarwood would not be achieved by artificially screws injected plants oil. Keywords: acid; agallocha; agarwood; aquilaria; bangladesh; oil; oils; plants

• Fractionation and anti-inflammatory effects of polyphenol-enriched extracts from apple pomace by Yue, Tianli; Bai, Xuelian; Zhang, Huawei; Yuan, Yahong (2012) - In order to identify the potential contributor(s) of inhi- biting COX-2 protein expression in polyphenolenriched Table I Mean content of total phenolics and phenolic compounds of fractions API-IV Compound API APII APIII APIV APV APVI Total phenolicsa 52.9 ± 3.2 58.2 ± 2.5 148.1 ± 3.1 64.9 ± 2.1 - - Chlorogenic acidb 0.14 ± 0.02 0.31 ± 0.03 2.84 ± 0.1 1.90 ± 0.1 - - Syringinb 0.18 ± 0.03 0.23 ± 0.02 1.22 ± 0.1 0.14 ± 0.01 - - Procyanidin B2b 1.7 ± 0.1 2.6 ± 0.2 92.6 ± 2.2 - - - Caffeic acidb - 0.15 ± 0.02 0.13 ± 0.01 0.16 ± 0.01 - - Cinnamic acidb 0.88 ± 0.1 0.12 ± 0.01 0.19 ± 0.02 - - - Phlorizinb - 0.19 ± 0.02 - 0.18 ± 0.02 - - Quercetinb - 5.5 ± 0.2 46.7 ± 1.3 19.6 ± 0.5 - - Hyperinb - - 1.5 ± 0.11 8.9 ± 0.3 - - “-” represents no detection; Values are mean ± SD of three determinations; aExpressed as mg gallic acid equivalent per 100 g of dry apple pomace (mg GAE 100 g-1); bExpressed as mg per 1000 g of dry apple pomace (mg kg-1) 30 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2012; 7: 28-32 extract of apple pomace, nine phenolic standards were used to anti-inflammatory assay. Fractionation and anti-inflammatory effects of polyphenol enriched extracts from apple pomace Keywords: acid; analysis; anti; apple; cox-2; food; fractions; lps; phenolic; pomace
• Dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors derived from a mangrove flora Rhizophora mucronata: An in silico approach by Gurudeeban, Selvaraj; Satyavani, Kaliyamurthi; Ramanathan, Thirugnanasambandam; Ravikumar, Palanisamy (2012) - For safety and cost effective measures, Diabetologist focussed their interest towards DPP IV inhibitor from potentially available medicinal plants through in silico approaches. To extend the incretin effect on enhanced insulin secretion, two approaches can be taken, the intravenous administration of GLP-1 or the oral admi- nistration of DPP IV inhibitors to slow down the other- wise rapid inactivation of endogenous GIP and GLP-1 (Mest and Mentlein, 2005). Keywords: acid; bond; chain; cluster; docking; dpp; energy; figure; hydrogen; interaction; lig
• In silico studies on modified hydroxamic acid and valporic acid as potential inhibitors for HDAC2 by Kandakatla, Naresh; Rathaur, Shikha; Sahoo, Smruti Sandhya; Ramakrishnan, Geetha (2013) - P1 Red Green Green Green P2 Red Green Green Green P3 Red Green Green Green P4 Red Red Green Green P5 Red Green Green Green P6 Red Green Green Green P7 Red Red Green Green P8 Red Green Green Green P9 Red Green Green Green P10 Red Green Green Green P11 Red Green Green Green P12 Red Green Green Green V1 Red Green Red Green V2 Red Green Red Green V3 Red Green Green Green V4 Red Red Green Green V5 Red Green Green Green V6 Red Yellow Green Yellow V7 Red Red Green Green V8 Red Green Green Green V9 Red Green Green Green V10 Red Green Green Green V11 Red Green Green Green V12 Red Green Green Green VA1 Green Green Green Yellow VA2 Green Green Green Green VA3 Green Green Green Green VA4 Green Green Green Green VA5 Red Red Green Green VA6 Green Green Green Green VA7 Red Green Green Green VA8 Red Green Green Green VA9 Green Green Green Green VA10 Green Green Green Green Bhakat S. SAR and pharmacophore based designing of some antimalarial and antiretroviral agents: An internet based drug design approach. Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Research Article In silco studies on modified hydrox- amic acid and valporic acid as po- tential inhibitors for HDAC2 BJP Introduction HDACs are the enzyme deacetylating the ε-amino groups of lysine located near the amino termini of core histone proteins (Mai et al., 2002 and Monneret, 2005). Keywords: acid; docking; drug; green green; hdac2; inhibitors; ligand; red; red green; saha
• In silico prediction of functional loss of cst3 gene in hereditary cerebral amyloid angiopathy by Choudhary, Piyush; Singh, Juhee; Karthick, V.; Shanthi, V.; Rajasekaran, R.; Ramanathan, Karuppasamy (2013) - The transformations that happened in the amino acids as a result of the missense mutations are Y60C (polar amino acid to a polar amino acid), P33L (non-polar amino acid to non-polar amino acid), V75M (non-polar amino acid to non-polar amino acid), V44M (non-polar amino acid to non-polar amino acid), M67K (non-polar amino acid to polar basic amino acid), A129T (non-polar amino acid to polar amino acid), Y88C (polar amino acid to polar amino acid), A72S (non-polar amino acid to polar amino acid), Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2013; 8: 390-394 391 D113A (polar acidic amino acid to non-polar amino acid), A2S (non-polar amino acid to polar amino acid), G30S (non-polar amino acid to polar amino acid), T98M (polar amino acid to non-polar amino acid), C123Y (polar amino acid to polar amino acid), T142A (polar amino acid to non-polar amino acid), L19P (non-polar amino acid to non-polar amino acid), L94Q (non-polar amino acid to polar amino acid), R71S (polar basic amino acid to polar amino acid), R71H (polar basic amino acid to polar basic amino acid), V17M (non-polar amino acid to non-polar amino acid), G3R (non-polar amino acid to polar basic amino acid), R96G (polar basic amino acid to non-polar amino acid), G38A (non- polar amino acid to non-polar amino acid), R79H (polar basic amino acid to polar basic amino acid), A25T (non- polar amino acid to polar amino acid). Neutral 0.188 6 rs200984369 A2S Neutral 0.038 9 rs200245337 G30S Neutral 0.112 8 rs200037041 T98M Neutral 0.392 2 rs149051742 C123Y Disease 0.995 10 rs141643699 T142A Neutral 0.189 6 rs113550984 L19P Disease 0.734 5 rs28939068 L94Q Disease 0.859 7 rs11542364 R71S Disease 0.817 6 rs11542360 R71H Disease 0.848 7 rs11542359 V17M Neutral 0.352 3 rs11542357 G3R Neutral 0.099 8 rs11542355 R96G Disease 0.847 7 rs11542354 G38A Neutral 0.23 5 rs11542353 R79H Disease 0.628 3 rs1064039 A25T Neutral 0.294 4 Table V List of nsSNP predicted as disease associated by SNP & GO, PHD-SNP and PANTHER server rsID AA change SNP & GO PHD- SNP PAN- THER rs377450166 Y60C Disease Disease Disease rs149051742 C123Y Disease Disease Disease rs113550984 L19P Disease Disease Disease rs371124032 Keywords: acid; amino; amino acid; decrease; disease; gene; protein; variants
• Molecular docking studies on potential PPAR-γ agonist from Rhizophora apiculata by Selvaraj, Gurudeeban; Kaliamurthi, Satyavani; Thirugnanasambandam, Ramanathan (2014) - 17.9 23.7 Figure 1: Molecular interaction of PPAR- with R. apiculata derived ligands. (A) Secondary structure of PPAR- ; (B) Interaction with acetamide, N-(4-methylphenyl)-; (C) Interaction with 4-butyl pyridine, 1-oxide; (D) Interaction with clivorine; (E) Interaction with p-aminodiethylaniline; (F) Interaction with thiazolidinediones; Green balls indicates hydrogen bonds A B C D E F Author Info Gurudeeban Selvaraj (Principal contact) e-mail: gurudeeb99@gmail.com Procheck and from the Ramachandran plot it was inferred that the modelled protein contain 80.3% of amino acid residues in the most favoured region, 5.2% in additional allowed region, 1.8% in general allowed region and only 2.7% of amino acid residues in disallowed region. Keywords: acid; apiculata; compounds; interaction; ppar; protein; rhizophora
• Biological activity of some novel synthesized 2-(4-methylbenzenesulphonamido)pentanedioic acid bis amide derivatives: In vitro and in vivo antineoplastic activity by Dutta, Satyajit; Ray, Supratim; Nagarajan, K. (2014) - 2-(4-Methylbenzenesulphonamido)-N,N-(diphenyl) pentane-diamide (5b) White color solid; yield: 88.45%; m.p.: 206-208°C; Rf 0.68; IR (KBr) vmax (cm-1): 2926.24-2653.68 (O-H str. of COOH), 1681.8 (C=O str.), 1577.31 (C=C str. of phenyl ring), 1308.3 (S=O str. 2-(4-Methylbenzenesulphonamido) -N,N -bis(3- chlorophenyl)pentanediamide (5c) White colour solid; yield: 53.64%; m.p.: 154-157°C; Rf 0.82; IR (KBr) vmax (cm-1): 2807-2542 (O-H str. of COOH), 1671.47 (C=O str.), 1507.64 (C=C str. of phenyl ring), 1348 (C-N phenyl ring), 1304.15 (S=O str. Keywords: 0.0a; acid; c6h4; h str; nmr; phenyl; str
• In silico analysis of compounds characterized from ethanolic extract of Cucurbita pepo with NF-κB-inhibitory potential by Rotimi, Solomon O.; Rotimi, Oluwakemi Anuoluwapo; Obembe, Olawole O. (2014) - Other amino acids involved in the formation of H-bond include Leu for octadecanoic 554 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2014; 9: 551-556 Figure 3: Stereo view of the binding of ligands to NF-kappa B. The docking algorithm showed that nine phytochemicals fit well into the pocket on NF-κB. Our analysis showed that Lys144 is a prominent residue by involving in the binding of 9-octadecenoic acid (Z)-, methyl ester, hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester and octadecanoic acid, methyl ester with the moldock score of -55.5264, -57.4634 and -61.1258 respectively. Keywords: acid; binding; bond; ester; methyl; octadecenoic; pepo
• Hexonic derivatives as human GABA-AT inhibitors: A molecular docking approach by Senthilkumar, Dharmaraj; Anbarasu, Krishnan; Jayanthi, Sivaraman (2015) - The rational inhibitor design GABA-AT using class of hexonic acid derivatives as ligand dataset shown in Figure 3. AT model was done using Ramachandran plot cons- truction in Procheck server (Laskowski et al., 1993). Keywords: acid; binding; docking; gaba; hexonic; human; ligand; model; protein
• Synthesis, structural characterization and biological activity of 2-(4-methylbenzenesulphonamido)pentanedioic acid amide derivatives: In vitro and in vivo antineoplastic activity by Dutta, Satyajit; Ravali, G. Raghava; Ray, Supratim; Nagarajan, K. (2015) - The IC50 value refers to the drug concentration that produces a 50% reduction in cellular growth when compared to untreated control cells was determined by plotting a graph of Log (concentration of compound) vs % cell inhibition. Percentage inhibition of ascitic cell = (1 - T/C) Keywords: 0.0a; acid; c6h4; h str; phenyl; ring; str
• Estimation of arsenic in nail using silver diethyldithiocarbamate method by Bhuiyan, Habiba Akhter; Tshering, Kipchu; Misbahuddin, Mir (2015) - Toenail samples as an indicator of drinking water arsenic exposure. Justification of using toenail is the chance of less contamination with arsenic contaminated water. Keywords: acid; arsenic; nails; solution; use; water
• Uricosuric activity of Tinospora cordifolia by Shah, Palak A.; Shah, Gaurang B. (2015) - Treat- ment with aqueous extract and galo satwa resulted into significant increase in urinary uric acid level as com- pared to hydro-alcoholic and dichloromethane extract group (day 3 and 7). Urinary uric acid level was significantly higher in animals treated with galo satwa and aqueous extract as compared to hydro-alcoholic and dichloromethane extract treated groups. Keywords: acid; alcoholic; animals; dichloromethane; extract; galo; hydro; red; satwa; uricosuric
• Extraction, isolation and purification of exopolysaccharide from lactic acid bacteria using ethanol precipitation method by Bajpai, Vivek K.; Majumder, Rajib; Rather, Irfan A.; Kim, Kangmin (2016) - Degradation of exopolysaccharide production on prolonged incubation has been reported previously for other lactic acid bacteria strains (Degeest et al., 2001). 2016; 11: 573-576 VISUAL EXPERIMENT Extraction, isolation and purification of exopolysaccharide from lactic acid bacteria using ethanol precipitation method Vivek K. Bajpai1, Rajib Majumder1, Irfan A. Rather1 and Kangmin Kim2 1 Department of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 712- 749, South Korea; 2 Division of Biotechnology, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Chonbuk National University, 79 Gobong-ro, Iksan-si-570-752, Joellabuk-do (Jeonbuk), South Korea. Keywords: acid; bacteria; exopolysaccharides; min; precipitate
• Ferric reducing anti-oxidant power assay in plant extract by Vijayalakshmi, Maruthamuthu; Ruckmani, Kandasamy (2016) -  Trichloroacetic acid (10%): 10 g of trichloroacetic acid was dissolved in 100 mL of deionised water.  Ascorbic acid (0.1%): 1 mg of ascorbic acid was dissolved in 1 mL of water. Keywords: acid
• Hepatoprotective potential and chemical characterization of Artocarpus lakoocha fruit extract by Saleem, Mohammad; Asif, Ammara; Akhtar, Muhammad Furqan; Saleem, Ammara (2018) - Silymarin treated mice showed mild infiltration of leukocytes and neutrophils without any sign of swe- Table II Preventive effect of A. Lakoocha extract on the liver function biomarkers in paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity Groups Serum albumin ALT AST ALP Normal control 0.4 ± 0.03 116.8 ± 3.2 233.4 ± 5.6 258.4 ± 18.3 Disease control 0.6 ± 0.03 (42.0%)↑a 265 ± 16.4 (126.9%)↑a 422.6 ± 12.0 (81.1%)↑a 232.2 ± 4.9 (10.1%)↓a Silymarin pre-treatment 0.4 ± 0.01b (27.0%)↓ 214.8 ± 1.3b (19.0%)↓ 319.3 ± 37.5b (24.5%)↓ 247 ± 12.5 (6.4%)↑ A. lakoocha fruit extract 125 mg/kg pre-treatment 0.5 ± 0.03n.s (15.46%)↓ 231.4 ± 8.7a (12.7%)↓ 394.4 ± 5.5 (6.7%)↓ 262.6 ± 11.4 (13.2%)↑ A. lakoocha fruit extract 250 mg/kg pre-treatment 0.5 ± 0.02n.s (17.3%)↓ 223.4 ± 3.9b (15.7%)↓ 345.4 ± 9.6a (18.3%)↓ 202.4 ± 8.2 (12.8%)↓ A. lakoocha fruit extract 500 mg/kg pre-treatment 0.5 ± 0.05a (22.7%)↓ 219.2 ± 6.6b (17.3%)↓ 331.8 ± 18.8b (21.5%)↓ 181.6 ± 10.6a (21.8%)↓ Results were showed as mean ± SEM; p<0.05 was shown by significant (a); p<0.01 was shown by (b); ↑ showed an increase in serum level when compared to the normal control group; ↓ showed a decrease in serum level when compared to the disease control group Table III Protective effect of A. lakoocha fruit extract on liver histology against paracetamol-induced hepatic lesions SL. The current study confirms the significant hepatopro- tective activity of A. lakoocha fruit extract against paracetamol intoxication in mice. Keywords: acid; extract; hepatoprotective; lakoocha; liver; mice; paracetamol
• HPTLC method for quantitative determination of hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives in Solanum lycopersicum by Ishwarya, Mohan; Narendhirakannan, Ramasamy Thangavelu (2018) - Preparation of stock solution and working standard solution 1 mg of the respective standard compounds, caffeic acid and coumaric acid were dissolved in 1 mL of methanol and used as the standard solution. Conclusion Recent advances in instrumental technology have allowed the improvement of TLC to HPTLC analysis. Keywords: acid; analysis; chromatography; compounds; extract; hptlc; lycopersicum; tomato
• Pharmacological studies on the laxative effects of Fagonia indica on rodents by Ali, Muhammad Zeeshan; Mehmood, Malik Hassan; Saleem, Muhammad; Gilani, Anwar-ul-Hassan (2019) - In loperamide-induced constipation mice, F. indica (27.3 and 34.6%) and ursolic acid (15 and 28%) also displayed laxative effects at the aforementioned doses. The remaining groups received the pre-treatment of atropine (10 mg/kg, intra- peritoneal) and the same doses of carbachol, crude extract of F. indica and ursolic acid were administered for the reassessment of laxative effect (Mehmood et al., 2014). Keywords: acid; atropine; effects; extract; fraction; ileum; indica; mice
• Effect of alpha-lipoic acid on the removal of arsenic from arsenic-loaded isolated liver tissues of rat by E-Tabassum, Noor- (2006) - Our body also contains α-lipoic acid, which is a short chain fatty acid with sulfhydryl (-SH) groups that has potent anti-oxidant property (Packer et al., 1995). Anti- oxidant properties of α-lipoic acid are due to its ability to scavenge hydroxy radicals, hypochlorous acid and singlet oxygen (Biewenga et al., 1997). Keywords: acid; arsenic; gsh; lipoic; liver; protein; tissues
• Effect of ascorbic acid on reduced glutathione level in arsenic-loaded isolated liver tissues of rat by Saha, Beauty (2006) - Next the time course of the effect of ascorbic acid on GSH level in arsenic loaded liver tissues of rat was studied (Figure 1). I Effect of different concentrations of ascorbic acid on GSH level in arsenic loaded liver tissues First incubation (40 min) Second incubation (40 min) Amount of GSH (mg/g protein) %Increased None 11.5 ± 0.3 - Arsenic (100 mg/mL) Ascorbic acid (20 mg/mL) 14.2 ± 0.1 22.6 Ascorbic acid (200 mg/mL) 20.9 ± 0.1 80.5 Ascorbic acid (2 mg/mL) 26.8 ± 0.2 131.8 Figure 1: Time course of the effect of ascorbic acid on GSH level in arsenic loaded liver tissues 70 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2006; 1: 68-71 Rabbani GH, Saha SK, Marni F, Akhtar M, Alauddin M, Mitra AK, Nasir M, Chowdhury AKA. Keywords: acid; arsenic; ascorbic; gsh; tissues
• GC-MS analysis and antibacterial properties of the selected soft corals from South Andaman, India by Rokkarukala, Samson; Chander, M. Punnam; Mohanraju, Raju (2023) - Long utilized as sources of various natural chemicals with pharmacological or aesthetic value include a wide range of reef invertebrates, including soft corals (Chao et al., 2011). Soft corals are a highly diverse group of marine orga- nisms that contain a rich source of secondary meta- bolites. Keywords: acid; compounds; corals; methyl
• Synthesis of some NH-derivatives of ciprofloxacin as antibacterial and antifungal agents by Rabbani, Md. Golam; Islam, Md. Rabiul; Ahmad, Mesbahuddin; Hossion, Abugafar Md. Lokman (2011) - IR (cm-1): 3462-2400 (O-H str, H-bonded); 3102 (C-H str. aromatic); 3057 (C-H str.CH2); 2862 (C-H str.CH3); 1722 (C=O acid); 1629 (C=O str. ,H-bonded); 3042 (C-H str. aromatic); 1725 (C=O acid); 1624 (C=O str conjugated keto.); 1498 (C-N str.); 1357 (C-O str.); 1298( C-F str.). Keywords: acid; ciprofloxacin; nmr; salmonella; solution; str
• Computational selections of terpenes present in the plant Calotropis gigantea as mosquito larvicide’s by blocking the sterol carrying protein, AeSCP-2 by Suresh Kumar, P.; Chezhian, A.; Senthil Raja, P.; Sathiyapriya, J. (2012) - Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Research Article Computational selections of ter-Computational selections of ter-Computational selections of ter- penes present in the plant penes present in the plant penes present in the plant Calotropis Calotropis Calotropis gigantea gigantea gigantea as mosquito larvicide’s by as mosquito larvicide’s by as mosquito larvicide’s by blocking the sterol carrying protein, blocking the sterol carrying protein, blocking the sterol carrying protein, AeSCPAeSCPAeSCP---222 BJP Introduction Calotropis gigantea (Asclepiadaceae), known as milk weed, is a common wasteland weed, drought resistant, salt tolerant, grows wild up throughout India (Sastry and Kavathekar, 1990). The present study reports the phytochemical properties of Calotropis gigantea (Asclepiadaceae) commonly known as milk weed. Keywords: -amyrin; acid; analysis; calotropis; docking; gigantea; plant; ppm; protein
• Study of potential xanthine oxidase inhibitors: In silico and in vitro biological activity by Umamaheswari, Muthuswamy; Madeswaran, Arumugam; Asokkumar, Kuppusamy; Sivashanmugam, Thirumalaisamy; Subhadradevi, Varadharajan; Jagannath, Puliyath (2011) - An increase in xanthine oxidase activity leads to an increase in the uric acid level, causing renal stone formation, ischemic myocardial infarction and free radical mediated diseases (Unno et al., 2004). All the coumarin derivatives and standard allopurinol were found to exhibit competitive mode of xanthine oxidase inhibition and the polyphenolic compounds showed non competi- tive inhibition. Keywords: -6.1; acid; compounds; coumarin; derivatives; docking; energy; oxidase; xanthine
• Studies on locally available three anti-diabetic herbal medicines by Shoeb, Mohammad; Nahar, Naznin; Ahmed, Farouq; Mosihuzzaman, M.; Nahar, Nilufar (2011) - The medicines are termed as herbal medicines which are prepared either from aerial parts of herbs or the whole plant or parts of plants i.e., barks, leaves, roots, stems, flowers, fruits and seeds. Sustainable development of herbal medicines need the study of their safety, efficacy and standardization are essential. Keywords: acid; compound; dichloromethane; medicine; nmr; ppm

• Resveratrol inhibits cadmium induced neuronal apoptosis by modulating calcium signalling pathway via regulation of MAPK/mTOR network by Lin, Feng; Peng, Yu-Hua; Yang, Qing-He; Mi, Xiu-Ju (2015) - Xie et al. (2010) has reported cadmium induced apoptosis as mediated by the release of Ca2+ from intracellular Ca2+ stores. Resveratrol exposure has also caused an obvious decrease in levels of intracellular release of Ca2+, suggesting its effect against cadmium induced release of Ca2+. Keywords: akt; apoptosis; bapta; ca2+]i; cadmium; calcium; cell; chen; et al; exposure; levels; mapk; mtor; neurons; pharmacol; resveratrol; ros
• Casticin treatment inhibits squamous cell carcinoma cell proliferation and arrests cell cycle in S phase by Song, Yong-Bin; Zhou, Shao-Hui; Cui, Hong-Shang; Liu, Hui-Ning; Liu, Li-Jun (2016) - The present study was performed to investigate the effect of casticin on the rate of cell viability, migration capacity and induction of apoptosis in TE-1, squamous cell carcinoma cells. Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Research Article Casticin treatment inhibits squa-Casticin treatment inhibits squa-Casticin treatment inhibits squa- mous cell carcinoma cell prolifera-mous cell carcinoma cell prolifera-mous cell carcinoma cell prolifera- tion and arrests cell cycle in S phasetion and arrests cell cycle in S phasetion and arrests cell cycle in S phase BJP Introduction Squamous cell carcinoma is one among the two sub- types of esophageal cancer and is frequently detected in Asia (Jemal et al., 2011; Keywords: apoptosis; carcinoma; casticin; cell; cycle; hours; te-1; treatment

• Oxidative metabolic changes in pleural fluid of tuberculosis patients by Reddy, Y. Narsimha; Murthy, S. Vasudeva; Krishna, D. R.; Prabhakar, M. C. (2008) - 70 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2009; 4: 69-72 Table I Levels of malondialdehyde, catalase, total anti-oxidant status, lactate dehydrogenase and total protein level in pleural fluid untreated and under treated patients of tuberculosis Parameters Untreated group Under treated group p value Malondialdehyde (nM/mL) 6.4 ± 1.4 4.9 ± 0.8 <0.001 Catalase (IU/mL) 43.9 ± 4.7 44.3 ± 6.8 ns Total anti-oxidant status (nM/mL) 44.3 ± 7.3 53.8 ± 7.5 <0.01 Lactate dehydrogenase (IU/L) 148.7 ± 23.8 132.2 ± 13.2 <0.01 Total protein content (g%) 3.3 ± 0.6 2.6 ± 0.3 <0.01 Data are mean ± SD; TB1 (n = 50) and TB2 (n = 25); ns = Not significant In present investigation both untreated and TB2 patients showed that there was no significant variation in estimated catalase (anti-oxidant enzyme) levels in pleural fluid. For the estimation of total anti-oxidant status, we used a stable free radical ,-diphenyl--picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), at the concentration of 0.2 mM in methanol (Blios, 1958; Keywords: anti; cases; fluid; patients; treatment; tuberculosis
• Gastrodin attenuates vincristine-induced mechanical hyperalgesia through serotonin 5-HT1A receptors by Guo, Zheng-Gang; Jia, Xiao-Pen; Su, Xiao-Jun; Li, Ping; Hao, Jian-Hua (2013) - In studies that test the effect of the antagonist WAY100635, drug was administered 5 min prior to gastrodin treatment and a time course measurement was followed. Two-way ANOVA revealed no significant main effect of gastrodin treatment (F [1, 63]=0.72, p>0.05). Keywords: effect; gastrodin; mice; pain; treatment; vincristine
• Effects of fisetin on oxaliplatin-induced neuropathic pain in mice by Liu, Hong; Wang, Chaohua; Yang, Hua; Wang, Fengjie (2015) - Two-way ANOVA failed to reveal significant main effect of fisetin treatment (F [9, 126] = 1.78, p>0.05). Two-way ANOVA revealed significant main effects of fisetin treatment (F [2, 14] = 48.48, p<0.0001) and fisetin × day interaction (F [14, 98] = 9.18, p<0.0001). Keywords: effect; fisetin; mice; oxaliplatin; pain; test; treatment
• Effect of glabridinon on insulin resistance, C-reactive protein and endothelial function in young women with polycystic ovary syndrome by Luan, Bing-Guo; Sun, Cai-Xia (2015) - In adolescent girls, insulin resistance with hyperandrogenism suggests the role of hyperinsu- linemia in polycystic ovary syndrome (Apter et al., 1995). In women with polycystic ovary syndrome a high level of hsCRP is present and there is a correlation between insulin resistance and elevated CRP levels (Tarkun et al., 2004). Keywords: glabridin; insulin; ovary; patients; syndrome; treatment; women
• Studying antimicrobial-induced morphostructural damage of bacteria by Scanning Electron Microscope by Shukla, Shruti (2015) - SEM-based visual approach is referred the study of bacterial cells and their physiological consequences when affected by antibiotics or antibacterial agents permitting the observation of characteristic morphological defects of cell wall, and provides valuable insights into processes involved in bacterial cell death. First Published: 24 October, 2015; Updated version: 1.0 DOI: 10.3329/bjp.v10i4.25427 ABSTRACT In this investigation, a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) method was used to examine the morphostructural changes in bacterial cells induced by antimicrobial agents. Keywords: cell; ethanol; food; min; treatment
• Efficacy of daclatasvir plus peginterferon alfa and ribavirin for patients with chronic hepatitis C genotype 4 infection by Ahmed, Hussien; Abushouk, Abdelrahman Ibrahim; Gadelkarim, Mohamed; Mohamed, Arwa; Gabr, Mohamed; Negida, Ahmed (2017) - Swallow E, Song J, Yuan Y, Kalsekar A, Kelley C, Mu F, Signorovitch J. Daclatasvir + sofosbuvir versus standard of care for hepatitis C genotype 3: A matching-adjusted indirect comparison. The prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in the United States, 1999 through 2002. Keywords: daclatasvir; genotype; hcv; ifn; patients; peg; rbv; response; treatment
• Protective and curative effects of Cestrum nocturnum on rabbit kidney by Saleem, Uzma; Ali, Nauman; Ahmad, Bashir (2017) - Extract (500 mg/kg) Nephroprotective evaluation Pre-treatment values (0) 2.5 ± 0.1 2.5 ± 0.2 2.5 ± 0.1 2.4 ± 0.2 2.4 ± 0.2 2.7 ± 0.1 10 2.4 ± 0.3b 3.4 ± 0.3 2.3 ± 0.2b 2.9 ± 0.1ns 2.7 ± 0.2a 2.5 ± 0.1a 26 2.4 ± 0.2b 4.5 ± 0.1 1.8 ± 0.1b 3.3 ± 0.2b 2.8 ± 0.1b 2.4 ± 0.3b Nephrocurative evaluation Pre-treatment values (0) 2.2 ± 0.0 2.4 ± 0.1 2.2 ± 0.1 2.3 ± 0.1 2.3 ± 0.1 2.3 ± 0.1 10 2.5 ± 0.1b 3.5 ± 0.1 3.6 ± 0.2ns 3.6 ± 0.1ns 3.6 ± 0.1ns 3.6 ± 0.1ns 26 2.4 ± 0.2b 4.3 ± 0.0 2.4 ± 0.1b 3.1 ± 0.1b 2.9 ± 0.1b 2.7 ± 0.1b Values were presented as mean ± SEM; ap<0.01, bp<0.001 with respect to disease control group, ns = non-significant with respect to disease control group 286 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2017; 12: 284-291 was also present (Figure 1E). Uric acid (mg/dL) levels Pre-treatment values (0) 2.4 ± 0.0 2.4 ± 0.0 2.5 ± 0.0 2.4 ± 0.0 2.5 ± 0.0 2.4 ± 0.0 10 2.5 ± 0.0c 4.2 ± 0.0 2.9 ± 0.0c 3.3 ± 0.0c 3.2 ± 0.0c 3.2 ± 0.0c 20 2.4 ± 0.0c 4.5 ± 0.0 2.8 ± 0.0c 3.4 ± 0.0c 3.3 ± 0.0c 3.1 ± 0.0c 26 2.5 ± 0.0c 4.6 ± 0.0 2.8 ± 0.0c 3.3 ± 0.0c 3.2 ± 0.0c 3.0 ± 0.0c Values were presented as mean ± SEM; ap<0.05; bp<0.01; cp<0.001 with respect to disease control group, ns = non-significant with respect to disease control group Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2017; 12: 284-291 287 view that the oxidative stress is main contributor in nephrotoxicity induced by gentamicin (Palmer, 2002; Keywords: 0.0c; extract; gentamicin; levels; nocturnum; study; treatment; ± 0.1c
• Efficacy and safety of novel oral anticoagulants versus vitamin K antagonists in the treatment of venous thromboembolism by Xu, Maodi; Xue, Qingquan; Pu, Zhichen; Wu, Zijing; Xie, Haitang (2018) - A Journal of the Bangladesh Pharmacological Society (BDPS) Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2018; 13: 273-279 Journal homepage: www.banglajol.info Abstracted/indexed in Academic Search Complete, Agroforestry Abstracts, Asia Journals Online, Bangladesh Journals Online, Biological Abstracts, BIOSIS Previews, CAB Abstracts, Current Abstracts, Directory of Open Access Journals, EMBASE/Excerpta Medica, Global Health, Google Scholar, HINARI (WHO), International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, Open J-gate, Science Citation Index Expanded, SCOPUS and Social Sciences Citation Index ISSN: 1991-0088 M et a- an al ys is of treatment for venous thromboembolism patients since 1950s, which is the most commonly used oral anticoagulant (Holbrook et al., 2005). Specifi- cally, the Hokusai-venous thromboembolism investiga- tors and Sam Schulman had evaluated the effectiveness and safety of edoxaban and dabigatran over warfarin on treating venous thromboembolism patients, respec- tively. Keywords: antagonists; noacs; oral; patients; studies; thromboembolism; treatment; vitamin; vitamin k; warfarin
• In vivo anti-diabetic effect of aqueous and methanolic macerated extracts of Atractylis gummifera by Bouabid, Khadija; Lamchouri, Fatima; Toufik, Hamid; Boulfia, Mohamed; Senhaji, Souad; Faouzi, My El Abbes (2019) - Indeed, the creatinine level became 2.3 ± 0.6 mg/L after treatment of diabetic mice by aqueous macerate, and 3.2 ± 0.6 mg/L after treatment with macerated methanol, and 3.7 ± 0.2 mg/L after treatment with metformin with differences statistically insigni- ficant between these last three groups and significant compared to the tested mice, non-diabetic mice and untreated diabetic mice (Figure 2). The administration of the aqueous macerate of A. gummifera decreased cholesterolemia and serum triglyceride levels in diabetic mice with statistically significant differences compared to untreated diabetic mice and non-diabetic mice in the range of 1.2 ± 0.1 and 0.9 ± 0.1 g/L. Similarly, metformin decreased the lipid profile in diabetic mice with respective cholesterol and triglyceride values of 1.1 ± 0.1 and 0.9 ± 01 Keywords: aqueous; blood; diabetes; diabetic; extracts; glucose; gummifera; macerate; methanol; mice; treatment
• Efficacy of herbal medicines and standard antidepressants on neurotransmitter and behavioral outcomes in animal models of depression by Kurnianingsih, Nia; Puling, Imke Maria Del Rosario; Cahayani, Wike Astrid (2025) - Notably, curcumin also exhibited the highest effectiveness in increasing serotonin levels among herbal studies. Quality assessment Two reviewers used the critical appraisal tool to independently determine whether each study has a low, moderate, or high risk of bias using the Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation (SYRCLE) risk of bias tool for animal studies (Hooijmans et al., 2014). Keywords: analysis; animals; antidepressant; curcumin; depression; effects; et al; herbal; interventions; medication; meta; placebo; studies; test; treatment
• Role of magnesium in major depressive disorder by Papri, Sarmin Sultana; Sonia, Sadia Binte Anwar (2025) - Studies with patients receiving magnesium treatment either alone or in combination with other strategies, such as non- pharmacological (physical exercise, psychotherapy) or antidepressants, and studies compared with placebo or pharmacotherapy alone, are considered for review. A case series showed a very interesting result: a rapid recovery (within 7 days) from depression symptoms in response to magnesium treatment in the form of glycinate and taurinate at a dose of 125-300 mg (Eby and Eby, 2006). Keywords: d o; depression; disorder; et al; m g; magnesium; n d; o n; patients; review; studies; study; supplementation; symptoms; treatment

• Ethnopharmacological studies on Chrozophora prostrata in perspective of its folkloric reputation as purgative by Arshad, Usman; Janbaz, Khalid Hussain; Bashir, Samra; Rehman, Najeeb-ur; Mehmood, Malik Hassan; Gilani, Anwar Hassan (2012) - These data show that C. prostrata possesses laxative effect at low doses mediated through cholinergic action followed by the spasmolytic activity at high doses mediated possibly through K+ channel activation. The plant extract produced contractions in ileum preparations which were also blocked in the presence of atropine, thus confirming the presence of spasmogenic effect in C. prostrata mediated possibly through stimulation of cholinergic receptors, similar to ACh, which is known to have excitatory action on gut segments (Brown and Taylor, 2006). Keywords: contractions; effect; pharmacol; prostrata
• Pharmacological basis for the medicinal use of Morus alba in gut and airways disorders by Khan, Munasib; -Rehman, Najeeb-ur; Khan, Arif-ullah; Gilani, Anwar Hassan (2012) - M. alba is used in folk medicine to treat diarrhea, asthma, cough, dyspepsia, eye problems, intestinal ul- cers, headaches, hemoptysis, hepatopathy, hoarseness, lumbago, melancholia, scabies, smallpox and spleno- pathy (Baquar, 1989; Brown, 1995; M. alba is reported to possess antidiabetic (Chen et al., 1995), anti-inflammatory (Hong et al., 2002; Choi and Hwang, 2005), hepatoprotective (Oh et al., 1999), anti- This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. Keywords: alba; channel; contractions; effect; et al; extract; gilani; m. alba; medicinal; morus; pharmacol; use
• Studies on bronchodilator and cardiac stimulant activities of Urginea indica by Bashir, Samra; Abbas, Saima; Khan, Aslam; Gilani, Anwar Hassan (2013) - In the indigenous traditional system of medicine, U. indica is reputed for a number of therapeutic benefits, for which bulb or rhizome are the most commonly employed plant parts. The other actions attributed to U. indica are anthelmintic, cardiotonic in heart insufficiency, deobstruent, diges- tive, expectorant, stomachic, diuretic, emmenagogue and purgative, in addition to its use in calculous and paralytic affections, rheumatism, leprosy, skin diseases, internal pain and scabies (Baquar, 1989; Kirtikar and Basu, 1988; Prajapati et al., 2003). Keywords: cch; concentration; dicyclomine; effect; indica; plant
• Antidiarrheal and antispasmodic activities of Vitex negundo are mediated through calcium channel blockade by Khan, Munasib; Shah, Abdul Jabbar; Gilani, Anwar Hassan (2013) - Isolated tissue preparations The isolated tissue experiments were carried out as previously described (Gilani et al., 2005; Shah et al., 2011b). Under these experimental conditions, rabbit jejunum exhibits spontaneous rhythmic contractions, allowing testing the relaxant (spasmolytic) activity directly with- out the use of an agonist (Gilani et al., 2005). Keywords: antidiarrheal; calcium; effect; et al; extract; loperamide; negundo; pharmacol; plant; vitex; vn.cr
• Antimycotic potential of a diterpenoid taxoquinone against Candida species isolated from Metasequoia glyptostroboides by Bajpai, Vivek K.; Kang, Sun Chul (2014) - 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Time (min) C. parapsilosis KBN06P00060 C. parapsilosis KBN06P00060 (CT) V ia bl e co un ts (L og C FU /m L) 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Time (min) C. parapsilosis KBN06P00055 C. parapsilosis KBN06P00055 (CT) V ia bl e co un ts (L og C FU /m L) 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Time (min) Figure 4: Effect of taxoquinone on the viable counts of the tested clinical isolates of Candida species effective and alternative biological approach to develop new and novel types of antifungal agents for preventive treatment of serious fungal infections caused by pathogenic Candida species. Scanning electron microscopy Based on the susceptibility and MIC concentration, one of the clinical isolates of Candida species was selected for further elaborative study of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), to deter-mine the anticandidal effi- cacy of bioactive compound taxoquinone on the mor- phology of Candida parapsilosis KBN06P00060. Keywords: candida; candida species; effect; isolates; kbn06p00060; parapsilosis; species; taxoquinone
• Functional nature of the spasmolytic effect, phytochemical composition and acute toxicity studies on Sauromatum guttatum by Shah, Nabi; Shah, Abdul Jabbar; Ahmed, Manzoor; Gilani, Anwar Hassan (2014) - Crude extract of S. guttatum was then added in a cumulative fashion, where it caused a dose-dependent relaxation of the induced contraction with EC-50 value of 1.2 mg/mL (0.8-1.6) suggesting inhibitory effect on calcium entry (Figure 2A). The rightward displacement may be attributed to the presence of phytochemicals like alkaloids and tannins as these types of compounds in medicinal plants has been shown to have calcium entry blocking activity (Kai et al., 1998; Hwang et al., 2001). Keywords: ca++; crude; effect; extract; guttatum; pharmacol
• Pharmacological evaluation and validation for the folkloric use of Oligochaeta ramosa in constipation and diarrhea by Hussain, Musaddique; Raza, Shahid Masood; Janbaz, Khalid Hussain (2014) - Appearance of yellowish brown colora- tion on mixing of Dragendorff’s reagent with HCl treated aqueous plant extract solution, conform the presence of alkaloids in extract. The appearance of pink, violet or red coloration on exposure to NH4OH of the mixture of benzene with aqueous solution of plant extract already acidified with 1% HCl was taken as presence of anthraquinones among the plant constituents. Keywords: calcium; effect; extract; o l; ramosa
• Pharmacological basis for the medicinal use of Rhus coriaria in hyperactive gut disorders by Janbaz, Khalid Hussain; Shabbir, Arham; Mehmood, Malik Hassan; Gilani, Anwarul Hassan (2014) - Mehrdad M, Zebardast M, Abedi G, Koupaei MN, Rasouli H, Talebi M. Validated high-throughput HPLC method for the analysis of flavonolaglycones, myricetin, quercetin, and kaempferol in Rhus coriaria L. using a monolithic column. Özcan M. Effect of Sumach (Rhus coriaria L.) extracts on the oxidative stability of peanut oil. Keywords: ca++; castor; coriaria; effect; extract; oil; rce; rhus
• Antidiarrheal and antispasmodic activities of Adiantum capillus-veneris are predominantly mediated through ATP-dependent K+ channels activation by Janbaz, Khalid Hussain; Hassan, Waseem; Mehmood, Malik Hassan; Gilani, Anwar Hassan (2015) - Khan et al., 2011) or Ca++ channel blockade (Mehmood et al., 2011; Janbaz et al., 2014), respectively. A. capillus- veneris is traditionally used to treat abdominal colic, diarrhea asthma, cough, diabetes and constipation (Duke et al., 2002). Keywords: capillus; effect; et al; extract; pharmacol; veneris
• Pharmacological basis for the folkloric uses of Buxus wallichiana in gastrointestinal, respiratory and vascular disorders by Hussain, Musaddique; Raza, Shahid Masood; Janbaz, Khalid Hussain (2015) - Crude extract shifted the Ca+2-concentration response curves at the dose range of 0.3–1.0 mg/mL (n=3) to the right, like that caused by verapamil at 0.1–0.3 μM (n=3), thus conforming that observed relaxant effect was likely to be mediated through calcium channel blocking effect (Figure 7 A & B). In atropinized jejunum preparation, crude extract inhibited the spontaneous and K+ (80 mM)-induced contraction, suggesting that spasmolytic effect is mediated through the Ca+2-channel blockade. Keywords: ca+2; effect; extract; preparations; rabbit; verapamil; wallichiana
• Antibacterial mode of action of Ginkgo biloba leaf essential oil: Effect on morphology and membrane permeability by Bajpai, Vivek K.; Sharma, Ajay; Baek, Kwang-Hyun (2015) - The scanning electron microscopic analysis using G. biloba leaf essential oil showed considerable morphological alterations on the cell wall of tested pathogens. Scanning electron microscopic analysis To determine the efficacy of G. biloba leaf essential oil on the morphology of B. cereus ATCC 13061 and E. coli ATCC 43889, a scanning electron microscopic study was performed using the minimum inhibitory concentration of G. biloba leaf essential oil. Keywords: 13061; atcc; atcc 13061; bacteria; biloba leaf; cell; cereus; cereus atcc; coli; coli atcc; concentration; effect; essential; food; g. biloba; membrane; oil
• Pharmacologically mechanistic basis for the traditional uses of Rumex acetosa in gut motility disorders and emesis by Hussain, Musaddique; Raza, Shahid Masood; Janbaz, Khalid Hussain (2015) - Electrically grinded coarse powdered material (#40) was subjected to triple maceration (Hussain et al., 2013), with 70% methanol-aqueous mixtures to produce the methanolic extract of R. acetosa; named Ra. It has been previously observed that spasmolytic effect of medicinal plants is usually mediated through Ca2+ channels blockade (Janbaz et al., 2012; Hussain et al., 2014). Keywords: acetosa; effect; extract; methanolic; pharmacol
• Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic based dosing of ciprofloxacin in complicated urinary tract infections by Sabo, Ana; Tomas, Ana; Tomic, Natasa; Mikov, Momir; Horvat, Olga; Popovic, Radmila; Tomic, Zdenko (2015) - Conclusion Ciprofloxacin in standard dosing regimen remains a good choice of antibiotic for treatment of complicated urinary tract caused by susceptible Gram negative microorganisms, but in severe, recurrent or chronic infections, especially those caused by Gram positive bacteria which often have higher MIC values, deeper analysis is necessary in order to achieve optimal results. AUC/MIC and Cmax/MIC were calculated as the area under the concentration–time curve or the highest concentration reached over 24 hours divided by determined MIC values of tested pathogens. Keywords: ciprofloxacin; concentration; dosing; effect; hours; infections; mic; pharmacokinetic; tract
• Antidiarrheal and antispasmodic activities of Polygonum bistorta rhizomes are mediated predominantly through K+ channels activation by Ali, Muhammad Zeeshan; Janbaz, Khalid Hussain; Mehmood, Malik Hassan; Gilani, Anwar Hassan (2015) - Under similar experimental conditions, guinea-pig ileum behaved as quiescent smooth muscle preparation and is considered more useful for the assessment of spasmogenic activity (Mehmood et al., 2011), while rabbit jejunum exhibits spontaneous rhythmic contractions, allowing testing the relaxant (spasmolytic) activity directly without the use of an agonist (Gilani et al., 2008; Khan et al., 2011; Rehman et al., 2013). It has been observed that most of the medicinal plant and plant-derived test compounds exhibit inhibitory effect through K+ channel activation (Gilani et al., 2008; Keywords: bistorta; castor; diarrhea; effect; extract; gilani; oil; pharmacol
• Pharmacological basis for the medicinal use of Viola odorata in diarrhea, bronchial asthma and hypertension by Janbaz, Khalid Hussain; Khan, Waseem Ullah; Saqib, Fatima; Khalid, Mamoona (2015) - The V. odorata exhibited Ca2+ channel blocking activity in isolated rabbit tissue preparations (i.e., jejunum, trachea and aorta) which can be attributed to the presence of alkaloids (Khalid et al., 2004; Gilani et al., 2005, ), flavonoids (Revuelta et al., 1997; Di-Carlo, 1993) and tannins (Azhar et al., 1997) among the constituents of V. odorata detected in the preliminary phytochemical screening. Isolated rabbit jejunum preparations exhibit sponta- neous rhythmic contractions and allowed testing of the antispasmodic (relaxant) effect without application of an agonist (Janbaz et al., 2015a; Saqib et al., 2012). Keywords: ca2; contractions; effect; et al; extract; odorata; pharmacol; preparations; rabbit; verapamil; viola
• Folkloric uses of Jatropha gossypifolia in emesis and gut motility disorders: Pharmacological validation by Hussain, Musaddique; Raza, Shahid Masood; Majeed, Abdul (2015) - Control Without atropine With atropine 0.003 0.03 0.3 3.0 Extract of J. gossypifolia (mg/mL) % o f m ax im um re sp on se b y ac et yl ch ol in e 150 125 100 75 50 25 0 866 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2015; 10: 864-869 the presence of atropine (0.1 μM), spasmogenic effect was abolished while the spasmolytic effect was observed with EC50 value of 1.7 mg/mL (95% CI: 0.32- 2.95, n = 3). Adulterants free and electrically grinded coarse powdered material (#40) was subjected to triple maceration (Hussain et al., 2013), with 80% ethanol- aqueous mixtures to produce the ethanolic extract of J. gossypifolia. Keywords: ca2; effect; extract; gossypifolia; jejunum; pharmacol
• Dual receptors blocked mechanism arbitrates smooth muscles relaxant effect of Polypodium vulgare by Naz, Syeda Batool; Chaudhry, Mueen Ahmad; Rahaman, Muhammad Shafeeq Ur (2016) - Crude extract of P. vulgare was also analyzed in vivo, because anti-cholinergic drugs and Ca2+ channel blocker are acknowledged to be beneficial in diarrhea (Brown and Taylor, 2006) and the speculation was strengthened when crude extract showed concentration dependent (300 and 500 mg/Kg) protection against castor oil induced diarrheal mice, comparable to dicyclomine. A rightward shift in carbachol cumulative response curves was observed in the presence of crude extract (1-3 mg/mL), similar to dicyclomine. Keywords: anti; carbachol; crude; dicyclomine; effect; extract; vulgare
• Characterization of new cardioprotective principle isolated from methanolic extract of Allium humile leaves from Himalayan region by Dobhal, Yogita; Parcha, Versha; Dhasmana, D. C. (2016) - Chromato- graphic purification of the methanolic extract of A. humile leaves isolated ajoene (enol form) 980 g of powder of A. humile leaves were extracted with petroleum ether, chloroform, acetone and methanol successively using soxhlet apparatus. Keywords: ah-1; compound; effect; effluent; extract; humile; leaves; myocardial; release; reperfusion
• Calcium entry blocking activity of the Elaeagnus umbellata fruit extract explains its use in diarrhea and gut spasm by Rafique, Nayyab; Khan, Taous; Shah, Abdul Jabbar (2016) - Crude extract of E. umbellata, which was found positive for flavonoids, terpenoids and tannins, provided 9.9-71.9% protection in castor oil-induced diarrhea in mice, like verapamil. In isolated rabbit jejunum preparations, crude extract caused inhibition of spontaneous and high K+-induced contractions, with respective EC50 values of 0.3 (0.1-0.5) and 0.5 mg/mL, suggesting Ca2+ channel blockade (CCB). Keywords: concentration; crude; diarrhea; effect; extract; umbellata; verapamil
• Antithrombotic potential of Berberis calliobotrys extract by Alamgeer, .; Asif, Hira; Rasool, Shahid (2016) - ap<0.001, bp<0.01 and cp<0.05 Table I Effect of different extracts on in vitro clotting, prothrombin and activated partial thromboplastin time Parameters Effect of crude extract Human blood Rabbit blood Control 5% 10% 20% Control 5% 10% 20% CT (min) 8.8 ± 0.4 13.6 ± 1.1a 18.4 ± 0.6a 22.2 ± 1.2a 9 ± 0.5 13.4 ± 0.9a 16 ± 0.6a 20.4 ± 0.5a PT (s) 13 ± 1.2 47.6 ± 1.2a 107.3 ± 3.7a 170 ± 5.7a 11.3 ± 0.9 44.0 ± 2.1 a 83.7 ± 3.4a 204.6 ± 1.4a APTT (s) 25.3 ± 0.3 49.6 ± 0.3a 107.6 ± 7.8a 183.3 ± 3.3a 28 ± 1.5 61.6 ± 1.6a 121.6 ± 1.6a 237.6 ± 1.4a Parameters Effect of butanolic fraction Human blood Rabbit blood Control 2.5% 5% 10% Control 2.5% 5% 10% CT (min) 8 ± 0.0 10.3 ± 0.3c 14 ± 0.4a 44 ± 1.4a 6.8 ± 0.5 9.8 ± 0.3b 12.8 ± 0.5a 40.5 ± 0.5a PT (s) 13 ± 1.15 49.6 ± 1.3a 72.6 ± 1.5a 127.6 ± 1.5a 11.3 ± 0.9 49 ± 2.1a 73.6 ± 0.7a 138.3 ± 2.7a APTT (s) 25.3 ± 0.3 44.6 ± Statstical analysis Data was presented as mean ± SEM and statistical analysis were performed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) by using Graph Padprism version 5. Keywords: blood; butanolic; calliobotrys; clot; effect; extract; fraction; platelet; time
• Mentha longifolia lowers blood pressure in anesthetized rats through multiple pathways by Shah, Abdul Jabbar; Bukhari, Ishfaq Ali; Gilani, Anwarul Hassan (2016) - In guinea pig atrial strips, crude extract and chloroform fraction suppressed force and rate of contractions, similar to verapamil. Preparation of crude extract and fractionations Plant material was shade dried and coarsely grounded, soaked in 70% aqueous-methanol for three days and filtered through a filter paper (Shah et al., 2011; Shah and Gilani, 2011; Khan et al., 2013). Keywords: atropine; blood; ca++; chloroform; contractions; effect; endothelium; extract; figure; fraction; pressure
• Bronchodilatory effect of Myxopyrum serratulum in animal model by Maruthamuthu, Vijayalakshmi; Kandasamy, Ruckmani (2017) - Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Research Article Bronchodilatory effect of Bronchodilatory effect of Bronchodilatory effect of Myxopy-Myxopy-Myxopy- rum serratulum rum serratulum rum serratulum in animal modelin animal modelin animal model BJP Introduction Bronchial asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airway. Bronchodilatory effect of Myxopyrum serratulum in animal model Vijayalakshmi Maruthamuthu1 and Ruckmani Kandasamy1,2 1Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Centre for Excellence in Nanobio Translational, Research (Centre), Bharathidasan Institute of Technology, Anna University, Tiruchirappalli 620-024, Tamilnadu, India; 2 National Facility for Drug Development for Academia, Pharmaceutical and Allied Industries, Bharathidasan Institute of Technology, Anna University, Tiruchirappalli 620-024, Tamilnadu, India. http://www.bioxbio.com/if/html/BANGL-J-PHARMACOL.html the presence of flavonoids, saponins, terpenoids, carbohydrates, ursolic acid (Sudharmini and Ashalatha, 2008) and myxopyroside, its 6-o-acetyl-7-o-(E/Z)-p- methoxycinnamoyl esters (2/3) of dimethyl forsythide (Franzyk et al., 2001). Keywords: effect; extract; guinea; histamine; pharmacol; pig; serratulum; theophylline; tracheal
• Effects of Heliotropium strigosum and Trapa bicornis in hyperactive gut disorders by Saeed, Anam; Wahid, Fazli; Rasheed, Hafiz Majid; Qayyum, Rahila; Shah, Abdul Jabbar; Khan, Taous (2017) - Control (saline) 10 mL/kg 5.2 ± 0.5 0 ± 0 9.6 ± 4.0 Castor oil 10 mL/kg 16 ± 0.7 96.2 ± 2.3 2.6 ± 2.3 H. strigosum 100 mg/kg 6.3 ± 0.7 76.0 ± 1.0 10.3 ± 1.0 300 mg/kg 5.0 ± 1.5 56.0 ± 1.2 37.1a ± 0.6 1,000 mg/kg 4.6 ± 1.9 20.4 ± 1.8 83.3c ± 5.9 T. bicornis 100 mg/kg 10.2 ± 3.2 71.0 ± 2.2 14.2 ± 4.9 300 mg/kg 8.6 ± 2.8 53.6 ± 2.0 39.6a ± 6.0 1,000 mg/kg 5.4 ± 3.0 27.2 ± 0.9 76.4b ± 0.9 1 mg/kg 8.4 ± 0.6 66.9 ± 3.7 31.6a ± 3.3 Verapamil 3 mg/kg 6.2 ± 0.4 47.2 ± 5.0 60.1b ± 4.2 10 mg/kg 4.2 ± 0.2 24.6 ± 1.7 85.3c ± 6.0 n=5 in each case; Mean ± SEM; ap<0.05, bp<0.01 and cp<0.001 vs control; Student’s t-test Figure 1: TLC and HPLC analysis of H. strigosum and T. bicornis crude extracts; (A) TLC chromatogram, (B) Figure 2: Tracing showing normal contraction and relaxation (control) of rabbit jejunum and relaxant effect of Trapa bicornis crude extract (Tb.Cr) on spontaneous contractions in isolated rabbit’s jejunum preparation Figure 3: Graphical representation of (A) relaxant effect of Trapa bicornis crude extract (Tb.Cr), (B) verapamil on spontaneous and K+-induced contractions in isolated rabbit’s jejunum preparation, (C) concentration-response curves of calcium by different con- centrations of T. bicornis, and (D) verapamil on isolated rabbit’s jejunum preparation. Keywords: bicornis; calcium; effect; extracts; strigosum; verapamil
• Hypoglycemic effect of Camellia chrysantha extract on type 2 diabetic mice model by Wang, Lai; Roy, Debmalya; Lin, Sen Sen; Yuan, Sheng Tao; Sun, Li (2017) - Preparations of drugs and reagents The concentration of C. chrysantha extract was 10 mg/ mL prepared using 0.5% sodium carboxymethyl cellu- lose solution. Extracts of C. chrysantha groups were given corresponding extract of C. chrysantha 0.5% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution with the dose of 100 mg/kg in the way of intragastric administration. Keywords: blood; chrysantha; dichloromethane; effect; ethyl; extract; glucose; mice
• Nephroprotective effect of Berberis baluchistanica against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rabbit by Pervez, Samreen; Saeed, Muhammad; Khan, Haroon; Shahid, Muhammad; Ullah, Irfan (2018) - Beside of this, it is also used for the removal of kidney stones, as it contains berberine and berberine like compounds, which is known to be useful for a number of diseases (Li et al., 2014). In another study, berberine ameliorates proteinuria in type 2 diabetic (Liu et al., 2008; Ashraf et al., 2013). Keywords: anti; baluchistanica; berberine; effect; et al; extract; gentamicin; kidney; nephrotoxicity; pharmacol; renal
• Hypoglycemic potential of Trixis angustifolia aqueous extract in alloxan-induced diabetic mice by Salazar-Gómez, Anuar; Vargas-Díaz, María Elena; Garduño-Siciliano, Leticia (2019) - The animals were divided into five groups, comprising a minimum of seven animals in each group as follows: control: Normal mice received only water; diabetic: Diabetic mice received only water; Diabetic mice treated with T. angustifolia aqueous extract (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg/day). I Effect of T. angustifolia aqueous extract on serum lipid profile in alloxan-induced diabetic mice Total cholesterol (mmol/L) LDL (mmol/L) HDL (mmol/L) Keywords: alloxan; angustifolia; aqueous; blood; diabetes; diabetic; effect; extract; mice
• Neuropharmacological effects of Pistacia lentiscus and its possible mechanisms of action by Terrafe, Chafik; Aboufatima, Rachida; Badaoui, Majda; Laaradia, Mehdi Ait; Kabdy, Hamid; Chait, Abderrahman (2022) - Abstract The objectives of the study were to investigate the analgesic, antianxiety and sedative effects of Pistacia lentiscus essential oil from fruits in mice. The administration of essential oil increased the latency of sleeping and extended time of sleeping in the thiopental test. Keywords: diazepam; effect; lentiscus; oil; test; time
• Pharmacological basis for the medicinal use of cardamom in asthma by Khan, Arif ullah; Khan, Qaiser Jabeen; Gilani, Anwar Hassan (2011) - Crude extract of cardamom which tested positive for alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, sterols and tannins, when tested against carbachol-mediated bronchoconstriction in rats under anesthesia, dose-dependently (10-100 mg/kg) suppressed the carbachol (1 µmol/kg)-evoked increase in the inspiratory pressure. In isolated rabbit trachea tissues, crude extract of cardamom caused relaxation of both carbachol (1 µM) and high K+ (80 mM)-induced contractions, like that caused by verapamil, suggesting its Ca++ channel blockade action. Keywords: asthma; ca++; carbachol; cardamom; effect; extract; gilani; khan; use
• A comparative study of the anti-inflammatory effect of aqueous extract of neem leaf and dexamethasone by Mosaddek, Abu Syed Md.; Rashid, Md. Mamun Ur (2008) - The present study suggests that anti-inflammatory effect of neem extract is less than that produced by dexamethasone. Neem leaf extract exerted significant anti-inflammatory effect in cotton pallet granuloma in rats (Chattopadhyay, 1998). Keywords: dexamethasone; effect; extract; formalin; leaf; neem
• Pharmacological basis for the medicinal use of Psidium guajava leave in hyperactive gut disorders by Shah, Abdul Jabbar; Begum, Sabira; Hassan, Syed Imran; Ali, Syed Nawazish; Siddiqui, Bina Shaheen; Gilani, Anwarul-Hassan (2011) - Isolated tissue preparations The isolated tissue experiments were carried out, as previously described (Gilani et al., 2005; Shah et al., 2011). We previously observed that the spasmolytic constituents present in different medicinal plants mediate their effect usually through a CCB effect (Gilani et al., 2005; Shah et al., 2010; Shah et al., 2011). Keywords: antidiarrheal; ca++; diarrhea; effect; et al; extract; guajava; loperamide; pharmacol; verapamil
• Antidiarrheal and antispasmodic activities of Salvia officinalis are mediated through activation of K+ channels by Khan, Aslam; Rehman, Najeeb-ur-; AlKharfy, Khalid M.; Gilani, Anwarul-Hassan (2011) - In our earlier studies, we observed that the spasmolytic effect of medicinal plants is usually mediated through K+ channel opening (Gilani et al., 2005, 2006) or Ca++ channel blockade (Bashir et al., 2011; A substance that selectively inhibits the contractions induced by low K+ (<30 mM) is considered a K+ channel opener, while Ca++ antagonists inhibit both low and high K+-induced contractions equally and these experiments allow us to distinguish K+ channel opener from CCB (Hamilton et al., 1986; Kishii et al., 1992). Keywords: channel; contractions; diarrhea; effect; extract; officinalis; oil; pharmacol

• Anti-diabetic and anti-oxidant status of Loranthus pulverulentus obtained from two different hosts by Kamran, Sairah Hafeez; Ahmad, Mobasher; Shahwar, Durre; Ajaib, Muhammad (2016) - 229 ± 11.4b 247 ± 7.5c 294 ± 9.4 L. pulverulentus (P. nigra) leaf 301 ± 14.1 308 ± 10.6 273 ± 11.4 261 ± 11.7 250 ± 7.91b 279 ± 6.4 302 ± 8.1 L. pulverulentus (P. nigra) stem 294 ± 13.3 307 ± 12.5 310 ± 7.7 289 ± 7.29 299 ± 6.9 289 ± 7.6 298 ± 9.6 Data is presented as mean ± SEM; n=5; Control diabetic group is compared with all groups, ap<0.001, bp<0.01, cp<0.05 (Dunnett test with 95% confi- dence interval) Table V Effect of various fractions of L. pulverulentus (D. sissoo) leaves and stems on glucose and total anti-oxidant activity in alloxan-treated diabetic mice Sample Glucose (mg/dL) level on day 7 (leaves) Total AOA (mmol/L) on day 7 (leaves) Glucose (mg/dL) level on day 7 (stems) There was no significant decrease in Table III Total phenolic contents, flavonoids and anti-oxidant capacity of various fractions of L. pulverulentus (D. sissoo) and L. pulverulentus (P. nigra) leaves and stems Sample Total phenols gallic acid equivalent mg/g Total anti-oxidant activ- ity equivalent to BHT mg/g extract Total flavonoids mg/g plant extract in querce- tin equivalent HF 196.4 ± 2.2 411.6 ± 3 493.4 ± 1.7 EAF 214.5 ± 3.6 504.9 ± 35.7 336.1 ± 6.5 Keywords: anti; fraction; leaves; pulverulentus; sissoo; stems
• Anti-inflammatory effects of Anredera cordifolia and Piper crocatum extracts on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophage cell line by Laksmitawati, Dian Ratih; Widyastuti, Anisa; Karami, Nadia; Afifah, Ervi; Rihibiha, Dwi Davidson; Nufus, Hayatun; Widowati, Wahyu (2017) - Anti-inflammatory effects of Anredera cordifolia and Piper crocatum extracts on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophage cell line Dian Ratih Laksmitawati1, Anisa Widyastuti1, Nadia Karami1, Ervi Afifah1, Dwi Davidson Rihibiha2, Hayatun Nufus2 and Wahyu Widowati3 1Faculty of Pharmacy, Pancasila University, Jalan Srengseng Sawah, Jagakarsa, Jakarta Selatan 12640, Indonesia; 2Biomolecular and Biomedical Research Center, Aretha Medika Utama, Jl. Anti-inflammatory effects of phe- nolic compounds isolated from the fruits of Artocarpus heterophyllus. Keywords: anti; cell; cordifolia; crocatum; et al; extracts; il-6; level; tnf
• In vitro antimicrobial and anti-oxidant potentials of selected seaweeds of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India by Chander, M. Punnam; Vijayachari, Paluru (2016) - Results obtained in the current study relieved that selected seaweed extracts were found to possess potential antimicrobial activity against tested organisms. Rattaya S, Benjakul S, Prodpran T. Extraction, antioxidative, and antimicrobial activities of brown seaweed extracts, Turbinaria ornate and Sargassum polycystum, grown in Thailand. Keywords: andaman; anti; seaweeds

• Discovery of potential cyclooxygenase inhibitors using in silico docking studies by Madeswaran, Arumugam; Umamaheswari, Muthuswamy; Asokkumar, Kuppuswamy; Sivashanmugam, Thirumalaisamy; Subhadradevi, Varadharajan; Jagannath, Puliyath (2012) - Intermolecular energy is also directly proportional to binding energy. Three important parameters like binding energy, inhibition constant and intermolecular energy were determined. Keywords: autodock; binding; compounds; cyclooxygenase; docking; energy; flavonoids; kcalmol-1; rhamnetin
• Xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity of compounds from Chythrantus claneianus by Gojayev, Anar Sahib; Bankeu, Jean Jules Kezetas; Awantu, Angelbert Fusi; Nkanwen, Eric René Sieliatchom; Ali, Muhammad Shaiq; Lenta, Bruno Ndjakou; Guliyev, Akif Alakbar; Noungoué, Didérot Tchamo; Ngouela, Silvère Augustin; Tsamo, Etienne (2013) - Xanthine oxidase (XO, EC 1.1.3.22) is a complex metalloflavoprotein which catalyzes the oxidation of hypoxanthine and xanthine into uric acid, plays a vital $�-RXUQDO�RI�WKH�%DQJODGHVK�3KDUPDFRORJLFDO�6RFLHW\��%'36� %DQJODGHVK�-�3KDUPDFRO������������-�� -RXUQDO�KRPHSDJH��ZZZ�EDQJODMRO�LQIR��ZZZ�EGMSKDUPDFRO�FRP $EVWUDFWHG�LQGH[HG� LQ $FDGHPLF� 6HDUFK� &RPSOHWH� $JURIRUHVWU\� $EVWUDFWV�� $VLD� -RXUQDOV� 2QOLQH�� %DQJODGHVK� -RXUQDOV� 2QOLQH�� %LRORJLFDO� $EVWUDFWV�� %,26,6� 3UHYLHZV�� &$%� $EVWUDFWV�� &XUUHQW� $EVWUDFWV��'LUHFWRU\� RI� 2SHQ� $FFHVV� -RXUQDOV�� (0%$6(�([FHUSWD�0HGLFD��*RRJOH� 6FKRODU��+,1$5,� �:+2��� ,QWHUQDWLRQDO�3KDUPDFHXWLFDO�$EVWUDFWV��2SHQ�--JDWH� 6FLHQFH�&LWDWLRQ�,QGH[�([SDQGHG��6&2386�DQG�6RFLDO�6FLHQFHV�&LWDWLRQ�,QGH[� ,661������-����� Xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity of compounds from Chythrantus claneianus $QDU�6DKLE�*RMD\HY�����-HDQ�-XOHV�.H]HWDV�%DQNHX���$QJHOEHUW�)XVL�$ZDQWX���(ULF�5HQp� 6LHOLDWFKRP�1NDQZHQ���0XKDPPDG�6KDLT�$OL���%UXQR�1GMDNRX�/HQWD���$NLI�$ODNEDU� *XOL\HY���'LGpURW�7FKDPR�1RXQJRXp���6LOYqUH�$XJXVWLQ�1JRXHOD��DQG�(WLHQQH�7VDPR� �'HSDUWPHQW�RI�%LRFKHPLVWU\�DQG�%LRWHFKQRORJ\��)DFXOW\�RI�%LRORJ\��%DNX�6WDWH�8QLYHUVLW\��$=�������$]HUEDLMDQ�� �'HSDUWPHQW�RI�&KHPLVWU\��)DFXOW\�RI�6FLHQFH��8QLYHUVLW\�RI�%DPHQGD��3��2��%R[����%DPELOL��&DPHURRQ���&KHPLVWU\� 'HSDUWPHQW��)DFXOW\�RI�6FLHQFH��8QLYHUVLW\�RI�'VFKDQJ��3�2��%R[�����'VFKDQJ��&DPHURRQ���,�&�&�%�6���,QWHUQDWLRQDO� &HQWHU�IRU�&KHPLFDO�DQG�%LRORJLFDO�6FLHQFHV��8QLYHUVLW\�RI�.DUDFKL��������3DNLVWDQ���+LJKHU�7HDFKHU¶V�7UDLQLQJ� &ROOHJH��8QLYHUVLW\�RI�Keywords: compounds; xanthine; � 8qlyhuvlw\; � dqg; � ri; � wkh; � �
• Antimicrobial properties of extracts and compounds isolated from Berberis jaeschkeana by Alamzeb, Muhammad; Khan, Muhammad Rafiullah; Ali, Saqib; Shah, Syed Qaiser; Rashid, Mamoon-Ur- (2013) - While the left over aqueous fraction after the separation of fractions A, B and C was termed as fraction D. Phytochemical screening Phytochemical tests were carried out for crude ethanolic extract, fraction A, B and C to identify the chemical constituents (Edeoga et al., 2005; Uddin et al., 2012). The acidic fraction, obtained by treating crude extract with 5% HCl, was termed as fraction A (127 g). Keywords: berberis; compounds; crude; extract; fraction; jaeschkeana
• Computational drug discovery of potential TAU protein kinase I inhibitors using in silico docking studies by Madeswaran, Arumugam; Umamaheswari, Muthuswamy; Asokkumar, Kuppusamy; Sivashanmugam, Thirumalaisamy; Subhadradevi, Varadharajan; Jagannath, Puliyath (2013) - Binary complex structure of tau protein kinase I enzyme (1J1C) was downloaded from the Brookhaeven protein data bank (Figure 1). Figure 1: The refined structure of tau protein kinase I enzyme teiger charges are calculated for each atom of the macromolecule in AutoDock 4.2 instead of Kollman charges which were used in the previous versions of this program. Keywords: -5.9; compounds; docking; energy; flavonoids; kinase; protein; tau
• Discovery of potential cholesterol esterase inhibitors using in silico docking studies by Sivashanmugam, Thirumalaisamy; Muthukrishnan, Soundararajan; Umamaheswari, Muthuswamy; Asokkumar, Kuppusamy; Subhadradevi, Varadharajan; Jagannath, Puliyath; Madeswaran, Arumugam (2013) - Binding energy of the individual compound were calculated using the following formula: Analysis of the receptor/ligand complex models generated after successful docking of the flavonoids was based on the parameters such as, hydrogen bond interactions, п – п interactions, binding energy, RMSD of active site residues and orientation of the docked compound within theactive site. Keywords: autodock; binding; cease; cholesterol; compounds; docking; energy; flavonoids; kcal; mol
• Virtual screening of compounds derived from Garcinia pedunculata as an inhibitor of gamma hemolysin component A of Staphylococcus aureus by Chowdhury, Tarali (2014) - Two cavities were found to be responsible for ligand interaction within the 70 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2014; 9: 67-71 Table III Energy score and H-bond interactions of the ligands with the target protein Chain A of 2QK7.pdb Ligand MolDock Score(Kcal/mol) I Details of two active site cavities with target receptor protein used by the ligands for docking Cavity Volume (A°) Keywords: aureus; binding; component; compounds; docking; gamma; hemolysin; ligand; protein
• Arabinosyl transferase inhibitor design against Mycobacterium tuberculosis using ligand based drug design approach by Kolita, Bhaskor; Gogoi, Dhrubajyoti; Dutta, Partha Pratim; Bordoloi, Manobjyoti; Bezbaruah, Rajib Lochan (2014) - Therefore to meet the present challenges for inhibition of M. tuberculosis arabinosyl transferase by these compounds would be a useful starting point to design better therapeutics of M. tuberculosis and in vitro experiment on compounds, viz. Herein, we have considered the structure of ethambutol as a starting point to screen active compound then ethambutol. Keywords: compounds; docking; drug; ethambutol; h(1; ligand; o(8; receptor; transferase; tuberculosis
• 3D QSAR modeling of 4-nerolidylcatechol derivatives and virtual screening for identification of potent plasmodium inhibitor by Gogoi, Dhrubajyoti; Dutta, Prafulla; Yadav, R. N. S. (2014) - In this present investigation, a Partial Least-Squares (PLS) based 3D QSAR model on the 4-nerolidylcatechol derivatives was built and used for the identification of novel antimalarial compounds in the cheminformatics database (library). In rational drug design methodology, QSAR plays pivotal role in the prediction of unknown compounds for their potency as optimized candidate lead (Dearden, 2003; Scholz et al., 2013). Keywords: compounds; derivatives; model; n o; nerolidylcatechol; qsar; set
• In silico targeting of interleukin-6 by natural compounds by Zhou, Wei; Cai, Jun-Feng; Yuan, Feng; Ma, Min; Yin, Feng (2014) - Our work is looking into finding lead compound of natural origin against IL-6, an important cyto- kine having a profound role in pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. In silico targeting of interleukin-6 by natural compounds. Keywords: arg179; arthritis; compounds; drug; energy; hydrogen; il-6; lead; rheumatoid
• GABAA receptor binding molecules from Traditional Chinese Medicine: An in silico approach by Lv, Meng; Wang, Xue Tao; Li, Kun; Wang, Yue Lan (2014) - Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Research Article GABAA receptor binding molecules GABAA receptor binding molecules GABAA receptor binding molecules from Traditional Chinese Medicine: from Traditional Chinese Medicine: from Traditional Chinese Medicine: An An An in silicoin silicoin silico approachapproachapproach BJP Introduction The molecular mechanism of general anesthesia is a classical unsolved problem of neuro pharmacology (Miller, 1985), but the advents in the past three decades have shed some insight into how anesthetic drug might work (Urban, 2008). GABAA receptor binding molecules from Traditional Chinese Medicine: An in silico approach. Keywords: anesthetic; binding; compounds; drug; gabaa; medicine; protein
• Design and synthesis of a novel 5-(aminomethylene)thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives as potent hepatitis-B virus polymerase inhibitors by Li, Wei-Guo; Wang, He-Qun (2015) - By structural biology, we estab- lished a screening system for anti-HBV compounds that target on nucleocapsid. All the target compounds were tested in vitro in HepG2.2.15 cells for anti-HBV activity and cytotoxicity. Keywords: compounds; dione; hbv; mhz; nmr
• Dihydroisoindolo[2,1-a]quinazoline-5,11-dione derivatives as potent and selective inhibitors targeting hepatitis B virus by Zhang, Jun-Fei; Liu, Bo; Chen, Cong-Xin (2015) - By structural biology, we established a screening system for anti-HBV compounds that target on nucleocapsid. Compounds 4a, 4b, 4c, 4f, 4n, and 4m displayed good to better anti HBV activity. Keywords: compounds; dihydroisoindolo[2,1; dione; hbv; mhz; nmr
• In silico and antithrombotic studies of 1,3,4-oxadiazoles derived from benzimidazole by Vishwanathan, B.; Gurupadayya, B. M.; Sairam, K. Venkata (2015) - Compound 4d (4-aminophenyl) exhibited the highest thrombolytic activity among the series with mean clot lysis value of 43.7% and compound 4a (phenyl) exhibited the least activity with mean clot lysis value of 12.0%. Compound 4j (pyridin-3-yl) exhibited a mean clot lysis value of 49.0% being the highest and 4a (phenyl) being the least with mean clot lysis value of 16.0%. Keywords: 4a-4k; clot; compounds; docking; hydrogen; lysis; mean; oxadiazoles; score; value
• Isolation and purification of plant secondary metabolites using column-chromatographic technique by Bajpai, Vivek K.; Majumder, Rajib; Park, Jae Gyu (2016) - Considering the deleterious effects of synthetic antibiotics, isolation, purification and characterization of novel types of plant secondary metabolites could be a safer alternative to synthetic compounds (Bajpai and Kang, 2011). PROTOCOL Isolation and purification of bioactive compounds from plant samples 1. Keywords: column; compounds; plant; sample; solvent
• Chemical derivatization of pharmaceutical samples prior to Gas-Chromatography and Mass-Spectrometry analysis by Bajpai, Vivek K.; Kim, Na-Hyung; Kim, Kangmin (2016) - Selection of solvent is very important for preparing GC samples. GC analysis is used for drug testing and environmental contaminant identification. Keywords: analysis; chemical; compounds; derivatization; samples
• Synthesis of some bis-triazole derivatives as probes for cytotoxicity study by Al-Amin, Mohammad; Islam, M. Rabiul (2006) - [3,4-b]-1,3,4-thiadiazol-4-yl] alkanes, 3a-e. The structures of compounds 1a-e, 2a-d and 3a-e were confirmed on the basis of IR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectral data analysis. The purity of compounds was checked by TLC on silica gel plates and iodine was used as a visualizing agent. Keywords: compounds
• Cytotoxicity study of pyrazole derivatives by Ahasan, Nusrat Binta; Islam, Md. Rabiul (2007) - Cytotoxicity study of pyrazole derivatives. The IC50 values of pyrazole derivatives having two nitro groups (Uddin, 2000) and two bromo groups at 2′,4′- positions of benzene ring in series 1 and 2 respectively are compared in Table III. Keywords: br br; compounds; ic50; pyrazole
• GC-MS analysis and in vitro antibacterial activities of mangrove endophytic fungi by Madhusudan, Thorati; Chander, M. Punnam (2023) - GC- MS analysis revealed bioactive compounds from five fungal strains, and each compound has been struc- Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2023; 18: 36-39 37 Table I Antibacterial activity of endophytic fungi isolated from mangrove roots Bacterial pathogen Activity of endophytic fungal extracts (in mm) A. terreus C. lunata N. clavispora P. oxalicum F. equiseti S. aureus 15.3 ± 0.6 11.3 ± 0.6 9.7 ± 0.6 14.3 ± 0.6 17.3 ± 0.6 M. luteus 14.0 ± 1.0 10.3 ± 0.6 _ 20.3 ± 0.6 16.3 ± 1.2 E. faecalis 17.3 ± 0.6 13.7 ± 0.6 12.7 ± 0.6 12.7 ± 1.2 15.0 ± 0.0 V. cholera 20.0 ± 0.0 12.3 ± 1.2 10.7 ± 0.6 17.0 ± 0.0 21.3 ± 1.5 P. aeruginosa 15.7 ± 0.6 _ _ 11.7 ± 1.2 20.7 ± 0.6 P. mirabilis 20.0 ± 1.0 12.7 ± 0.6 _ 12.7 ± 0.6 18.0 ± 1.0 S. typhi 22.7 ± 0.6 15.0 ± 0.0 17.7 ± 0.6 20.7 ± 1.2 22.0 ± 1.7 S. dysentery type S 12.3 ± 0.6 9.7 ± 0.6 11.0 ± 0.0 12.3 ± 0.6 22.7 ± 0.6 Enterotoxigenic E. coli serotype 0115 19.3 ± 0.6 11.7 ± 1.2 11.3 ± 1.2 15.0 ± 0.0 25.0 ± 1.0 V. fluvialis 20.7 ± 0.6 18.0 ± 1.0 _ 22.3 ± 1.53 20.3 ± 0.6 Table II Gene bank accession number of endophytic fungal strains Endophytic fungal strain Gene bank number NCBI DNA sequences Sequence identity (%) GC-MS analysis and in vitro antibacterial activities of mangrove endophytic fungi. Keywords: compounds; fungi; mangrove; metabolites
• Synthesis and preliminary evaluation of brominated 5-methyl-2,4-dihydropyrazol-3-one and its derivatives as cytotoxic agents by Khan, Rahat; Uddin, Md. Imam; Alam, Md. Sultan; Hossain, Mohammad Mamun; Islam, Md. Rabiul (2008) - The results of the chemical tests are given bellow (Table II): The resulting spectroscopic datas are given bellow: Compound 1a: IR (Nujol): 3480 (νN-H); 2980, 2880 (νC-H aliphatic); 2700 (νO-H enolic); 1680 (νC=O lactam); 1615 (νC=N); 1580 (νC=C aromatic); 1515 (δN-H) cm-1; 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 5.2 (s, 1H, =CH); 2.1 (s, 3H, CH3); 10.0 (s, 1H, NH); 10.5 (s, 1H, OH); 13C-NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 11.4 (CH3), 89.23 (C-4); 139.82 (C-3); 161.42 (=C-OH); MS: m/ z (% of rel. Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2008; 3: 27-35 Journal homepage: www.banglajol.info Abstracted/indexed in Academic Search Complete, Asia Journals Online, Bangladesh Journals Online, Biological Abstracts, BIOSIS Previews, CAB Abstracts, Current Abstracts, Directory of Open Access Journals, EMBASE/Excerpta Medica, Google Scholar, HINARI (WHO), International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, Open J-gate, Science Citation Index Expanded, SCOPUS and Social Sciences Citation Index; ISSN: Keywords: aromatic; compounds; derivatives; nmr; no2
• Docking studies: In silico lipoxygenase inhibitory activity of some commercially available flavonoids by Madeswaran, Arumugam; Umamaheswari, Muthuswamy; Asokkumar, Kuppuswamy; Sivashanmugam, Thirumalaisamy; Subhadradevi, Varadharajan; Jagannath, Puliyath (2012) - Analysis of the receptor/ligand complex models generated after successful docking of the flavonoids was based on the parameters such as hydrogen bond interactions, п-п interactions, binding energy, RMSD of active site residues and orientation of the docked compound within the active site (Azam et al., 2011). Inhibition constant is directly proportional to binding energy. Keywords: -3.5; binding; compounds; docking; energy; flavonoids; kcal; lipoxygenase; mol; morin

• In vitro cytotoxic activity of Cymbopogon citratus L. and Cymbopogon nardus L. essential oils from Togo by Koba, Koffi; Sanda, Komla; Guyon, Catherine; Raynaud, Christine; Chaumont, Jean-Pierre; Nicod, Laurence (2008) - You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author or licensor The objective of this paper was to investigate chemical composition and the in vitro cytotoxic potential of C. citratus and C. nardus essential oils. The next day, the medium was removed and cells were incubated in FCS-free medium containing increasing concentrations (from 50 to 1,000 30 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2009; 4: 29-34 µL.mL-1) of C. citratus, C. nardus essential oils or their major components from commercial origin (Pure neral, geranial, citronellal and geraniol) solubilized in 1/10 Tween 80® in culture medium (with <0.1% Tween 80® an ethanol vehicle). Keywords: cell; citratus; cymbopogon; geranial; nardus; neral; oils
• In vitro cytotoxicity of methanol extracts of Hypericum wightianum and Hypericum hookerianuim against 3T3L1 cell lines by Ravisankar, Narayanan; Joseph, Jerrine; Radhakrishana, Manikkan; Rajasekar, Thirunavukkarasu (2016) - The extracts also exhibited moderate cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines, among the cancer cell lines. From the study, it was observed that extracts showed moderate cytotoxic against both cancer and normal cell lines. Keywords: cell; cytotoxicity; extracts; hypericum
• Cytotoxic activities of Ganoderma lucidum ethanol extract against HepG2 cell line by Mohan, Kannan; Padmanaban, Muthusamy; Uthayakumar, Venkatachalam; Chandrasekhar, Ramachandran; Muralisankar, Thirunavukkarasu (2016) - Muralisankar T. Cytotoxic ac- tivities of Ganoderma lucidum ethanol extract against HepG2 cell line. The present study was carried out to investigate the cytotoxicity properties of G. lucidum against HepG2 cell lines. Keywords: cell; hepg2; lucidum
• Anti-cancer effect of the polysaccharide extract from the Ganoderma lucidum against HeLa cell lines by Mohan, K.; Padmanaban, A. M.; Uthayakumar, V.; Chandirasekar, R.; Muralisankar, T.; Chithra, E. (2017) - It was then evaporated at low temperature and lyophilized to obtain G. lucidum polysaccharide (900 mg) as a light brown powder. Free radical scavenging of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides and its effect on antioxidant enzymes and immunity activities in cervical carcinoma rats. Keywords: cell; extract; hela; lucidum; polysaccharide
• MTT assay to evaluate the cytotoxic potential of a drug by Bahuguna, Ashutosh; Khan, Imran; Bajpai, Vivek K.; Kang, Sun Chul (2017) - Correspondence to Vivek K. Bajpai at vbiotech04@gmail.com and Sun Chul Kang at sckang@daegu.ac.kr Published: 8 April, 2017 DOI: 10.3329/bjp.v12i2.30892 ABSTRACT Quantification of cell viability and proliferation form the fundamental for numerous in vitro assays in response to external factors. Other methods used for the assessment of cell viability based on various cellular functions such as enzyme activity, cell membrane permeability, cell adherence, ATP production, co-enzyme production, and nucleotide uptake activity. Keywords: assay; cell; mtt; number; solution; viability
• Antibacterial activity of Weissella confusa by disc diffusion method by Krishnan, Manigandan; Dey, Debasish Kumar; Sharma, Chanchal; Kang, Sun Chul (2019) - Figure 1: The antibacterial effect of cell-free culture supernatant was evaluated by disc diffusion method and compared with ampicillin on LB agar against E. coli 0157: H7. As depicted in Figure 3, live bacterial cells appeared in green color due to acridine orange staining, whereas dead cells appeared in red color due to the loss in membrane integrity of E. coli 0157: H7 cells. Keywords: cell; coli; culture; disc; supernatant
• Antiproliferative effect of Memecylon malabaricum leaves methanolic extract against A-431 cell lines by Gaikwad, Ravindra; Shinde, Anilkumar (2022) - Antiproliferative effect of Memecylon malabaricum leaves methanolic extract against A-431 cell lines. Antiproliferative effect of Memecylon malabaricum leaves methanolic extract against A-431 cell lines Sir, Psoriasis is a chronic, immune-mediated inflammatory disorder of the skin. Keywords: antiproliferative; cell; extract; leaves; malabaricum

• Potential role of P2X7 receptor in regulating kidney stem cells in the course of acute kidney injury by Yang, Long; Dong, Xiu-Juan (2016) - The patient with acute kidney injury faces 30- 40% mortality (Lameire et al., 2006) Even after a lot of research there is no specific improvement in this field with suitable therapy to treat acute kidney injury other than some develop- ment in supportive care (Murugan and Kellum, 2011). Keywords: acute; day; expression; figure; injury; kidney; mice; p2x7r; tissue
• Amyloid precursor protein in peripheral granulocytes as a potential biomarker for Alzheimer's disease by Wang, Xiaonan; Li, Xihai; Yang, Jie; Yu, Ming; Wu, Jinmei (2016) - Blennow K, Hampel H, Weiner M, Zetterberg H. Cerebro- spinal fluid and plasma biomarkers in Alzheimer disease. The amyloid precursor protein of Alzheimer disease in human brain and blood. Keywords: alzheimer; amyloid; app; blood; disease; expression; granulocytes; patients; peripheral; precursor; protein

• In vitro anthelmintic effects of Artemisia afra and Mentha longifolia against parasitic gastro-intestinal nematodes of livestock by Molefe, Nthatisi Innocentia; Tsotetsi, Ana Mbokeleng; Ashafa, Anofi Omotayo Tom; Thekisoe, Oriel Matlhahane Molefi (2012) - Similar to A. afra, M. longifolia acetone extract at 2.5 mg/mL suppressed the hatching of nematode eggs with 26.1% but water extract at the highest concentration (7.5 mg/mL) inhibited less than 2% eggs from hatching (Table II). In vitro cultures were prepared from nematode eggs from microscopically positive faecal samples of sheep. Keywords: acetone; afra; development; eggs; et al; extracts; larvae; longifolia; nda; nematodes; water
• In vitro anti-venom potential of various Jatropha extracts on neutralizing cytotoxic effect induced by phospholipase A2 of crude venom from Indian cobra (Naja naja) by Reddi, K. V. N. Rathnakar; Rajesh, Sivarathri Siva; Narendra, Kumara; Jangala, Swathi; Reddy, Puli Chandra Obul; Satya, Alapati Krishna; Sivaraman, Thirunavukkarasu; Sekhar, Akila Chandra (2014) - The hemolysis produced by the venom in the absence of Jatropha extracts was taken as 100% and the percentage of inhibition/activation by each Jatropha extract used in the present study against snake venom PLA2s was calculated as shown in the following calculations. Though Jatropha is used in local / folk medicine as antidote for snake bite, our observations indicate that all species of Jatropha and all parts of the plant cannot be taken granted as antidote as a few of them are capable of enhancing venom activity in terms of hemolysis and consequently may lead to lethal. Keywords: extracts; inhibition; jatropha; leaf; naja; root; snake; stem +; venom
• Comparative study of antibacterial activity between Cynodon dactylon crude and solid phase extraction extracts against selected bacterial pathogens by Abdullah, Syahriel; Gobilik, Januarius; Chong, Khim-Phin (2014) - In general, C. dactylon SPE extracts showed stronger antibacterial activity against the bacterial pathogens compared to plant crude extracts. Disc diffusion bioassays of the C. dactylon crude and SPE extracts showed different extent of antibacterial activity against the selected bacterial pathogens (Table I). Keywords: 0.0a; crude; extracts; spe
• In vitro cytotoxic and antibacterial potentials of extracts from three marine isolates of Actinomycetes isolated from coastal ecosystems of Tanur, Kerala, India by Kuruvalli, Prashanthi; Nadumane, Varalakshmi Kilingar (2015) - Further molecular characterization using 16 S rDNA analyses resulted in the identification of the organisms as P. marina JUACT 04; Streptomyces sindenensis JUACT 06; S. spiroverticillatus JUACT 05. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that P. marina JUACT 04 shows highest affinity with P. marina strain Ms498 by 96%, S. sindenensis JUACT 06 with S. sindenensis strain NBRC 3399 by 89% and S. spiroverticillatus JUACT 05 with S. spiroverticillatus strain NBRC 12821 by 98% bootstarp level (Figure 2). Keywords: actinomycetes; bacteria; extracts; fraction; isolates; juact; marine; method
• Phytochemical profile and in vitro alpha-amylase inhibitory potential of different solvent extracts of Lantana camara by Swamy, Mallappa Kumara; Sinniah, Uma Rani (2015) - In vitro α-amylase inhibitory potential of various solvent extracts (20-100 μg/mL) of L. camara leaves are shown in Figure 1. Phytochemical profile and in vitro α-amylase inhibitory potential of different solvent extracts of Lantana camara. Keywords: amylase; camara; extracts
• Antimycobacterial activity of marine Sargassum swartzii extracts against Mycobacterium tuberculosis by Mathayan, Manikannan; Sundar, Revathy; Anbarasu, Sivaraj (2018) - Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Volume: 13; Number 2; Year 2018 Cite this article as: Mathayan M, Sundar R, Anbarasu S. Antimycobacterial activity of marine Sargassum swartzii extracts against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Our present study reports the antimycobacterial activity of Sargassum swartzii against the whole cell M. tuberculosis H37Rv by luciferase reporter phage (LRP) assay. Keywords: extracts; inhibition; sargassum; tuberculosis
• Tradescantia pallida, a natural alternative against vancomycin-resistant Enterococci by V. Sundar, Ranjitha Dhevi; Arunachalam, Sathiavelu (2022) - root (C) Table I Antibacterial efficacy of plant extracts (mg/mL) Extracts Inhibition zone (mm) Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus E. faecalis Vancomycin (positive control) 50 75 100 50 75 100 (30 mg/disc) Stem 6 Dichloromethane - 10 12 12 15 18 Ethyl acetate 11 14 19 13.5 16 18 Butanol - - - - 11 15 Root Dichloromethane - 6 8.5 6 9 12 Ethyl acetate 10 12 13 15 19 22 Butanol - - - - - 12 Table II MIC of plant crude extracts (mg/mL) Organisms Stem Root Dichloromethane Ethyl acetate Dichloromethane Ethyl acetate Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus 25 6.25 50 12.5 E. faecalis 3.12 3.12 25 1.56 Vancomycin 50 some selected medicinal plants of Pakistan. Keywords: extracts; pallida; vancomycin

• Antifungal activity and brine shrimp toxicity assessment of Bulbine abyssinica used in the folk medicine in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa by Kibiti, Cromwell Mwiti; Afolayan, Anthony Jide (2016) - Acetone extract Aqueous extract Essential oil Amphotericin B c a b c d e 0.0625 mg/mL 0.125 mg/mL 0.25 mg/mL 0.5 mg/mL 1 mg/mL C Amphotericin B Sea waterEssential oil Aqueous extract Acetone extract Plant fractions and controls 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 H at ch ab ili ty s uc ce ss (% ) The low hatchability success observed with this plant species could be predicted to the presence of A 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 M or ta lit y (% ) Plant fractions and controls Figure 2: Percentage mortality of A. salina nauplii. Keywords: acetone; extract; fractions; hours; plant
• Preparation and release characteristics study on the novel minocycline hydrochloride sustained-release capsule by Zhao, Songfeng; Zhang, Xiao; Zhang, Xiaojian; Shi, Xiuqin; Li, Jun; Kan, Quancheng; Yang, Shuoye (2016) - These new pharmaceutical preparations can exhibit drug release constantly at a steady rate, the slow and sustained A Journal of the Bangladesh Pharmacological Society (BDPS) Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2016; 11: S36-S42 Journal homepage: www.banglajol.info Abstracted/indexed in Academic Search Complete, Asia Journals Online, Bangladesh Journals Online, Biological Abstracts, BIOSIS Previews, CAB Abstracts, Current Abstracts, Directory of Open Access Journals, EMBASE/Excerpta Medica, Google Scholar, HINARI (WHO), International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, Open J-gate, Science Citation Index Expanded, SCOPUS and Social Sciences Citation Index; ISSN: Drug release study for sustained-release capsule The dissolution curve of developed formulation in 12 batches in hydrochloric acid solution was shown in Figure 4. Keywords: dissolution; drug; hours; hydrochloride; minocycline; release; samples; solution; time

• Three-bottle exponential decay infusion: A novel intravenous infusion strategy for drugs which conform to three-compartment model with observations on propofol kinetics by Huang, Xiao-Hui; Xie, Hai-Tang; Kun, Wang; Huang, Ji-Han; Sun, Rui-Yuan (2012) - With this method, a specified steady- state plasma concentration can be rapidly obtained by combining three bottles in series with exponential decay of drug concentration. It should be also noted that, when applying this method, in the early phase of infusion the drug amount into the body is larger than that of CRI, and drug concentrations rise relatively quickly. Keywords: bottle; compartment; concentration; drug; infusion; method; min; model; pharmacol; time
• Cardiovascular inhibitory properties of Lens culinaris by Khan, Munasib; Khan, Arif-ullah; Rehman, Najeeb-ur; Gilani, Anwarul-Hassan (2014) - These data indicate that L. culinaris exhibits blood pressure lowering potential, mediated possibly through Ca++ channel blockade mechanism. In isolated rat aortic tissues, L. culinaris extract was screened against high K+ and phenylephrine- induced contractions. Keywords: blood; contractions; culinaris; gilani; khan; pharmacol; pressure

• Pattern of use of analgesics in a surgical unit by Al Masud, Mohammad Abdullah; Ashrafuzzaman, Syed; Iqbal, Md. Jalaluddin (2008) - Abstract The present study was designed to evaluate the prescribing pattern of analge- sics in post-operative patients in a surgical unit. Over the past decade, medical societies, governmental agencies, and accredi- ting bodies such as the Joint Commission on Accredi- tation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) have paid increasing attention to the management of all types of pain, including post-operative pain (Michael, 2006). Keywords: day; pain; patients; post
• Prescribing trends of statins in Scotland: A drug utilization study by Helali, Asadul M.; McLay, James; Mohamed, Isa Naina (2013) - According to the NCEP ATP III guide- lines 2004 (National Cholesterol Education Pro- gramme/Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines) (Grundy et al., 2004), in addition to the current goal of 100 mg/dL, the new goal for LDL-C has been recommended as 70 mg/dL for the patients with increased risk of CVD events. The better efficacy of 10/20 mg atorvastatin than 20/40 mg of simvastatin, in the primary prevention of CVD (Weng et al., 2010) might be the reason for the second most common prescribed statin in Scotland. Keywords: age; atorvastatin; dose; high; patients; rosuvastatin; simvastatin; statins; study; years
• Effect of vitamin B12 supplementation on glycemic control in poorly controlled hyperhomocysteinemic type 2 diabetic patients by Keche, Yogendra Narayanrao; Yegnanarayan, Radha; Bhat, Shreepad (2015) - There was significant rise in vitamin B12 levels and significant fall in HbA1c levels in vitamin B12 deficient patients with vitamin B12 supplementation at 4 weeks (Table III). At 4 weeks, HbA1c decreased from 9.9 ± 0.9 to 8.7 ± 0.5 (p<0.01) in vitamin B12 deficient patients after vitamin B12 supplementation. Keywords: b12; diabetic; patients; type; vitamin; weeks
• Increased count of Bacteroides fragilis in the feces of palmar arsenical keratosis patient by Ahmad, Md. Ashraf; Misbahuddin, Mir; Ahmed, Sharmeen (2016) - Compared the data of before supplementation with 12 weeks after supplementation; Comparison done- H vs A: Healthy volunteers vs. arsenic exposed controls (before supplementation); H vs P: Healthy volunteers vs. arsenicosis patients (before supple- mentation); A vs P: Arsenic exposed controls vs arsenicosis patients (before supplementation); Failed to collect nail samples from 3 patients 738 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2016; 11: 734-740 level of arsenic in nails (Ali et al., 2010); suggesting that the measurement of arsenic concentration in nails can be one of the important markers of chronic arsenic toxicity (Karagas et al., 1996; Caussy, 2005). As arsenic exposed control, 20 partici- pants were selected from the family members of arsenicosis sufferers. Keywords: arsenic; arsenicosis; bacteria; colony; controls; feces; fragilis; keratosis; patients; supplementation; volunteers
• Role of β-type natriuretic peptide as predictor of early post-operative outcomes in Chinese patients undergoing anesthesia by Chen, Chun; Lin, Lei (2017) - Table II Clinical outcome among the patients with high BNP levels Variable n = 80 Bypass procedure time, min, Mean (SD) 130 (23) Hospital stay after surgery, day, Mean (SD) 8.2 (5) Patients with arrhythmia, n 12 Patients with elevation of cardiac enzyme, n 14 ICU stays more than 5 days, n 66 Ventilator stay more than 2 days, n 73 Reintubation, n 19 Readmission, n 10 Mortality within 30 days, n 4 Mortality within 1 year, n 9 Hospital stay more than 10 days, n 17 Table III Correlations between pre-operative BNP levels and outcome of interest in patients Variables Correlations coefficient p value Age 0.08 >0.05 Ejection fraction 0.29 <0.05 Hospital stay after surgery 0.32 <0.05 Number of blood vessels corrected 0.02 >0.05 Mortality within 30 days 0.09 >0.05 Mortality within 1 year 0.12 >0.05 Bypass procedure time 0.10 >0.05 Readmission 0.09 Abstract The purpose of the present study was to assess whether pre-operative and post-operative B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels could be used as the predictor of post-operative complications in Chinese patients undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia. Keywords: bnp; et al; hospital; levels; patients; study; surgery
• Efficacy and safety of regorafenib versus dinutuximab with chemotherapy in Chinese children with neuroblastoma by Dong, Kun; Wang, Guan; Wang, Zeng Liang; Wang, Xueyan (2019) - Cao J, Zhang J, Peng W. A Phase I study of safety and phar- macokinetics of fruquintinib, a novel selective inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1, -2, and -3 tyrosine kinases in Chinese patients with advanced solid tumors. Lacouture ME, Reilly LM, Gerami P. Hand foot skin reaction in cancer patients treated with the multikinase inhibitors sorafenib and sunitinib. Keywords: chemotherapy; dinutuximab; neuroblastoma; patients; regorafenib; safety
• Combination of perindopril/indapamide in secondary prevention of stroke and other vascular events: A combined analysis of ADVANCE, PROGRESS and HYVET trials by Sarkar, Sougat Sourendra (2011) - Three trials (6,216 patients) studied a diuretic (Carter, 1970; Hypertension study, 1974; PATS, 1995); the largest of these, PATS (5,665 patients), reported that indapamide reduced stroke recurrence by 29%. Perindopril 4 mg/ indapamide SR 1.5 mg Main outcomes Primary (composite) Major macro- or micro- vascular events Fatal or non-fatal stroke Fatal or nonfatal stroke Secondary and others All-cause mortality, cardio- vascular mortality, non- fatal MI, fatal- and non-fatal stroke, revascularization, heart failure admissions, new or worsening nephrop- athy All-cause mortality, cardio- vascular mortality, non-fatal MI, fatal- and non-fatal stroke, revascularization, heart failure admissions death from any cause, death from cardiovas- cular causes, death from cardiac causes, and death from stroke Recruitment period June 2001 to March 2003 May 1995 to November 1997 2001 to 2007 Mean follow-up duration 4.3 years 3.9 years 2.1 years and non-fatal stroke was seen (Odds ratio 0.7; 95% Confidence Interval 0.5 to 1.1). Keywords: analysis; blood; combination; hypertension; indapamide; patients; perindopril; pressure; stroke; study; trials
• A comparative study on the effect of streptokinase between diabetic and non-diabetic myocardial infarction patients by Chowdhury, Md. Anup Rahman; Hossain, A. K. M. Mosharrof; Dey, Sudhangshu Ranjan; Akhtaruzzaman, A. K. M.; Islam, Nur-A-Farhana (2008) - So, due attention is required for the better management of diabetic myocardial infarction patients. By using the same resolution criteria, in our study we observed the similar results in non-diabetic myocardial infarction where 48.4% patients showed complete resolution, 31.7% patient’s partial resolution and 19.8% showed failed Table II Comparison of ST resolution between non-diabetic and diabetic patients Group Number of patients showing ST resolution at 90 min after streptokinase Total Chi value p value Complete Partial Failed Non-diabetic 61 40 25 126 40.7 <0.001 Keywords: acute; diabetes; diabetic; elevation; infarction; non; patients; resolution; segment; streptokinase

• A comparative study of analgesic property of whole plant and fruit extracts of Fragaria vesca in experimental animal models by Kanodia, Lalit; Das, Swarnamoni (2008) - Fruit extract, whole plant extract and aspirin showed significant analgesic activity, both central and peripheral, as compared to control (p<0.01). The central analgesic activity of fruit extract at 500 mg/kg was significantly more than fruit extract at 250 mg/kg and whole plant extract at 500 mg/kg (p<0.05); although when compared to standard, aspirin showed significantly more analgesic activity (p<0.05) than fruit extract 500 mg/kg (except at 15 and 30 min), fruit extract 250 mg/kg and whole plant extract (Table I). Keywords: analgesic; extract; fruit; plant
• Genome size determination of Eclipta alba and Aloe barbadensis by Roy, Anggana; Bashir, Yasir; Rather, Irfan Ahmad; Konwar, Bolin Kumar (2015) - Reference standards for determination of DNA content of plant nuclei. Plant genome size research: A field in focus. Keywords: alba; barbadensis; dna; genome; plant; size
• Hypotensive and diuretic activities of aqueous-ethanol extract of Asphodelus tenuifolius by Aslam, Naveed; Janbaz, Khalid Hussain; Jabeen, Qaiser (2016) - Diuretic effect of the extract involves loop diuretic or thiazide diuretic like actions, while carbonic anhydrase inhibitory and potassium sparing activities were not likely to be present. Coriander fruit exhibits gut modulatory, blood pressure lowering and diuretic activities. Keywords: at.cr; blood; ca2; contractions; diuretic; effects; extract; plant; pressure; tenuifolius
• Diuretic activity of aqueous extract and smoothie preparation of Verbesina crocata in rat by Salazar, Anuar Gómez; Pablo, Saudy Saret Pérez; Estévez, María Mirian Carmona; Meléndez, María Estela Camargo (2018) - Diuretic activity of aqueous extract and smoothie prepa- ration of Verbesina crocata in rat. Bang- ladesh J Pharmacol. Diuretic activity of aqueous extract of V. crocata Keywords: crocata; diuretic; extract; plant; smoothie
• Artemisia scoparia: A new source of artemisinin by Singh, Aditi; Sarin, Renu (2010) - Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Research Article Artemisia scoparia: A new source of artemisinin BJP Introduction Malaria is one of the world’s most important parasitic diseases. Artemisia scoparia: A new source of artemisinin Aditi Singh and Renu Sarin Laboratory of Bioactive Compounds, Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India. Keywords: annua; artemisia; artemisinin; plant; scoparia

• In silico docking studies of RP2 (X-Linked retinitis pigmentosa) protein using anthocyanins as potential inhibitors by Sri Lavvanya Priya, Sathyan; Renuka Devi, Ponnusamy; Madeswaran, Arumugham (2013) - Different parts of various plants have A Journal of the Bangladesh Pharmacological Society (BDPS) Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2013; 8: 292-299 Journal homepage: www.banglajol.info Abstracted/indexed in Academic Search Complete, Agroforestry Abstracts, Asia Journals Online, Bangladesh Journals Online, Biological Abstracts, BIOSIS Previews, CAB Abstracts, Current Abstracts, Directory of Open Access Journals, EMBASE/Excerpta Medica, Global Health, Google Scholar, HINARI (WHO), International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, Open J-gate, Science Citation Index Expanded, SCOPUS and Social Sciences Citation Index ISSN: Bangladesh J Pharmacol. 2013; 8: 292-99. Keywords: anthocyanins; diglucoside; docking; glide; pigmentosa; protein; retinitis; rp2; site
• A computational approach to analyze the missense mutations in human angiogenin variants leading to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis by Sreevishnupriya, K.; Rajasekaran, Ramalingar (2013) - In this analysis, we found that the binding free energy for ribonuclease inhibitor with native angiogenin protein was found to be -1215.6 kcal/mol, which had a higher binding affinity compared to the mutants. PIC (Protein Interactions Calculator) server acquires the caretesian coordinates of protein structure in the PDB format. Keywords: acids; amino; angiogenin; binding; energy; et al; interactions; mutant; mutations; protein; ribonuclease; server; structure; variants
• Molecular docking study of active phytocompounds from the methanolic leaf extract of vitex negundo against cyclooxygenase-2 by Murugesan, Deepa; Ponnusamy, Renuka Devi; Karur Gopalan, Dhanalakshmi (2014) - COX-2 enzyme protein structure A program to check the stereochemical quality of protein structures. Keywords: 6cox_a; bond; cox-2; docking; energy; extract; glide; ligand; negundo; phytocompounds; protein; score; structure; vitex
• Daucosterol derived from Cordyceps (a Traditional Chinese Medicine) as a possible lead compound for allergic transfusion reactions by Yang, Jian; Li, Ji-Xia; Song, Zhe; Xia, Xi-Yan (2015) - The pathophysiology of allergic transfusion reaction is little known (Heddle, 1999). So in this study we are using computer- aided drug designing platform to find new leads against allergic transfusion reaction. Keywords: daucosterol; decarboxylase; drug; energy; histidine; protein; structure; transfusion
• A Bradford multiplexing method for protein estimation in fermented foods: Soy sauces by Shukla, Shruti (2015) - Soy protein is a major component of the diet of food and is increasingly important in the human diet. Hence, here in the present article, we are focusing a rapid and easy method for quantitative determination of total protein content with multiplex samples in any food products such as soy sauce or other traditional fermented foods. Keywords: food; protein; sauce; soy
• In vitro displacement interaction of atenolol and amlodipine on binding with bovine serum albumin when co-administered by Alam, Md. Ashraful; Awal, Md. Abdul; Mostofa, Mahbub; Islam, Md. Kamrul; Subhan, Nusrat (2007) - The current study has been carried out for the initial understanding of the in vitro displacement interaction of the two drug atenolol and amlodipine on binding site of bovine serum albumin. Site-specific probes method We may use different site-specific probes to enhance our understanding of the drug-BSA interaction and thereby characterization of binding sites of the drugs used in the study on the BSA molecule. Keywords: amlodipine; atenolol; binding; bsa; probe; protein; site; warfarin

• In vivo hypoglycemic study of Manilkara zapota leave and seed extracts by Paul, Saikat Ranjan; Hakim, Md. Lukman (2015) - min 15 min 30 min 60 min 90 min 120 min Glucose control 4.7 ± 0.1 15.4 ± 0.2 12.3 ± 0.1 12.3 ± 0.1 10.3 ± 0.1 6.7 ± 0.3 Positive control 4.8 ± 0.1 12.2 ± 0.1 9.3 ± 0.1 7.2 ± 0.1 5.1 ± 0.1 4.2 ± 0.1 PMZL (150 mg/kg) 4.9 ± 0.1 15.2 ± 0.2 11.7 ± 0.1 9.8 ± 0.1 8.0 ± 0.1 6.6 ± 0.1 MMZS (150 mg/kg) 4.6 ± 0.1 15.2 ± 0.1 11.3 ± 0.1 9.1 ± 0.1a 7.3 ± 0.1a 6.3 ± 0.1 PMZL (300 mg/kg) 4.6 ± 0.1 14.8 ± 0.1 10.6 ± 0.1a 8.3 ± 0.1a 6.7 ± 0.1a 5.7 ± 0.1 MMZS (300 mg/kg) 4.7 ± 0.1 14.4 ± 0.1 10.1 ± 0.1a 8.1 ± 0.1a 6.4 ± 0.1a 5.3 ± 0.1 Values are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 5); ap< 0.0001, when compared with positive control Table II Effects of extracts of Manilkara zapota on blood glucose level in alloxan (70 mg/kg) induced diabetic mice Blood glucose level (mmol/L) Group 1st day 2nd day 3rd day 4th day 5th day 6th day 7th day Normal control 5.4 ± 0.1 5.6 ± 0.1 5.5 ± 0.1 5.8 ± 0.1 5.6 ± 0.1 5.8 ± 0.1 5.6 ± 0.1 Diabetic control 12.7 ± 0.1 14.3 ± 0.1 16.4 ± 0.1 17.1 ± 0.1 18.5 ± 0.1 18.7 ± 0.1 18.9 ± 0.3 PMZL (150 mg/kg) 11.6 ± 0.1 10.3 ± 0.1a 9.1 ± 0.1a 8.5 ± 0.1a 7.8 ± 0.1a 7.5 ± 0.1a 7.3 ± 0.1a MMZS (150 mg/kg) 12.1 ± 0.1 11.1 ± 0.1a 10.2 ± 0.1a 9.3 ± 0.1a 8.6 ± 0.1a 7.5 ± 0.1a 6.8 ± 0.1a PMZL (300 mg/kg) 12.7 ± 0.1 11.3 ± 0.1a 10.4 ± 0.1a 8.8 ± 0.1a 7.5 ± 0.1a 6.7 ± 0.1a 6.5 ± 0.1a MMZS (300 mg/kg) 12.6 ± 0.1 10.4 ± 0.1a 8.7 ± 0.1a 7.7 ± 0.1a 6.9 ± 0.1a 6.2 ± 0.1a 6.0 ± 0.1a Metformin (100 mg/kg) 11.7 ± 0.1 8.3 ± 0.1a 6.4 ± 0.1a 5.5 ± 0.1a 4.5 ± 0.1a 4.2 ± 0.1a 3.8 ± 0.1a Values are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 5); ap< 0.0001, when compared with diabetic control 61.2% (300 mg/kg of PMZL), 63.2% (300 mg/kg of MMZS) and 65.1% (100 mg/kg of metformin). Manilkara zapota seed embryo extract: A potent anthelminthic agent. Keywords: 0.1a; glucose; manilkara; mice; weight; zapota
• Mouse model of ulcerative colitis using trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid by Rather, Irfan Ahmad; Bajpai, Vivek K.; Gyeong-Jun, Nam (2015) - The clinical characteristics developed by TNBS colitis animal resemble to the UC patients in real life, which include frequent emptying of bowel, bloody stools, weight loss and inflammation in large bowel etc. One such efficient model is that of TNBS colitis, which is generated through the intra-rectal application of a compound 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS), very well known for its oxidizing and heptenating properties. Keywords: colitis; disease; mice; model; tnbs
• Forced swim test in mice: A common animal model of depression by Aslam, Muhammad (2015) - 2016; 11: 28-29 VISUAL EXPERIMENT Forced swim test in mice: A common animal model of depression Muhammad Aslam Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ziauddin University, Karachi 75600, Pakistan. In the forced swimming test, mice are constrained to swim in a restricted space from which they can't escape, and are activated to a particular behavior of immobility. Keywords: mice; tank; test
• Experimental strategy of animal trial for the approval of anti-diabetic agents prior to their use in pre-human clinical trials by Bajpai, Vivek K.; Rather, Irfan A.; Nam, Gyeong-Jun (2015) - In the present article, we demonstrated some standard handling procedure of animal trial for the approval of anti-diabetic drug, which could be helpful for both academics and industrial scientific community to conduct the animal experiments. Surgical gloves Surgical masks Soft sterilized lancets Sterilized distilled water Major equipments Cannula for oral drug administration Glucometer and glucose test strips Weighing machine Paraformaldehyde (4%) for tissue preservation Freezer (-70ºC for preservation of animal tissue slides until further analysis) Streptozotocin (STZ) from Sigma Pioglitazone (standard anti-diabetic drug) Test drug sample Ethanol PREPARATION OF REAGENTS Citrate buffer solution 0.1M (pH 2.5) Keywords: animal; diabetes; diabetic; drug; mice; streptozotocin
• Antidepressant effects of Mentha pulegium in mice by Rabiei, Zahra; Gholami, Mostafa; Rafieian-Kopaei, Mahmoud (2016) - Furthermore, the findings on M. pulegium effect was not dose- dependent in treating the depression symptoms of the BALB/c mice because no significant difference was derived in the immobility duration in the FST among the groups treated with different doses of M. pulegium. Materials and Methods In this study, 42 BALB/c mice were used and assigned to six groups of seven each as follows: Intraperitoneally injected with 1 mL/kg body weight normal saline (control); administered with intraperitoneal reserpine (5 mg/kg BW); administered with reserpine 18 hours before administration of M. pulegium essential oil; intraperitoneally injected with M. pulegium essential oil (50, 75, and 100 mg/kg BW); and administered with reserpine (5 mg/kg BW) 18 hours before intraperitoneal administration of 20 mg/kg BW fluoxetine. Keywords: antidepressant; duration; effects; fst; immobility; mice; oil; pulegium
• Study of antidepressant effects of grape seed oil in male mice using tail suspension and forced swim tests by Rabiei, Zahra; Naderi, Sajad; Rafieian-Kopaei, Mahmoud (2017) - Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Research Article Study of antidepressant effects of grape seed oil in male mice using tail suspension and forced swim tests BJP Introduction Depression is a multifactorial, chronic, and life-threat- ening disorder with high prevalence rate worldwide. Grape seed oil is prepared by squeezing and refining of fresh grape seed and its nutritional properties are comparable to those of olive oil. Keywords: grape; grape seed; mice; oil; seed; seed oil; stress; time

• Hepatoprotective effects of Sapium sebiferum in paracetamol-induced liver injury by Hussain, Liaqat; Akash, Muhammad Sajid Hamid; Tahir, Madeha; Rehman, Kanwal (2015) - The results of our present study are highly in consistent with the findings of several studies that have reported the hepatopro- tective effects of different plants including Carica papaya (Sadeque and Begum, 2010), Carissa spinarum (Hegde and Joshi, 2010), Cocculus hirsutus (Thakare et al., 2009), Convolvulus arvensis (Ali et al., 2013), Dodonaea viscosa (Khan et al., 2013), Ipomoea staphylina (Bag and Mumtaz, 2013), Suaeda fruticosa (Rehman et al., 2013), Alcea rosea and Malva sylvestris (Hussain et al., 2014a,b), Trianthema decandra (Balamurugan and Muthusamy, 2008). Traditionally, the leaves of S. sebiferum are used for a number of ailments like ascites, eczema, shingles and snakebite (Fu et al., 2013). Keywords: akash; effects; hepatoprotective; liver; paracetamol; sebiferum
• Effects of coenzyme Q10 supplementation on the anthropometric variables, lipid profiles and liver enzymes in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by Jafarvand, Elnaz; Farhangi, Mahdieh Abbasalizad; Alipour, Beytollah; Khoshbaten, Manouchehr (2015) - Numerous evidences suggest that anti- oxidants such as vitamin E, vitamin C, α-tocopherol and betaine are capable in improving clinical and histo- logical features of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (Mouzaki and Allard, 2012) . It has been reported that CoQ10 depletion in plasma as a marker of mitochondrial dysfunction is occurred in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (Yesilova et al., 2005; Wei et al., 2008) . Keywords: coenzyme; coq10; disease; et al; fatty; lipid; liver; non; serum; study

• Tail suspension test to evaluate the antidepressant activity of experimental drugs by Aslam, Muhammad (2016) - MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT Suspension bar: In tail suspension test the mice are suspended by their tails. Tail suspension test, like the forced swimming test, is a test best approved for the assessment of antidepressant-like effects of medications, additionally used to assess the impacts of ecological, neurobiological, and hereditary controls (Crowley et al., 2005; Lad et al., 2007). Keywords: suspension; tail; tape; test
• Study of analgesic activity of ethanol extract of Phlogacanthus thyrsiflorus on experimental animal models by Mukherjee, Apurba; Chaliha, Meghali; Das, Swarnamoni (2009) - Hence, the present work was undertaken to evaluate the effect of ethanol extract of leaves of P. thyrsiflorus on tail flick and glacial acetic acid-induced writhing models in rats and mice respectively. Materials and Methods Plants of P. thyrsiflorus were collected from the campus of Assam Medical College, Dibrugarh, Assam. Keywords: analgesic; ethanol; extract; test; thyrsiflorus
• Neurobehavioral assessment of seed extract of Swietenia mahagoni on zebrafish model by Pal, Sourav; Mandal, Subhajit ; Firdous, Sayed Mohammed (2023) - Conclusion Methanolic extract of S. mahagoni extract may have reduced dopamine expression alongside the up- regulation of 5-HT and GABA seen in these neuro- behavioral findings. Bass SL, Gerlai R. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) responds differen- tially to stimulus fish: The effects of sympatric and allopatric Table I Effect of S. mahagoni extract on different parameter of zebra fish Names Day 1 Day 7 Day 14 Total distance travel open field (cm) Keywords: dark; extract; light; test; time; zebrafish

• In vitro glucose uptake by isolated rat hemidiaphragm study of Aegle marmelos Correa root by Ravi, Subban; Sadashiva, C. T.; Tamizmani, T.; Balasubramanian, T.; Rupeshkumar, M.; Balachandran, Indira (2008) - Administration of A. marmelos fractions and insulin together was found to be less effective than A. marmelos fractions alone, but significantly higher than insulin treated group (p<0.001). Administration of A. marmelos fractions and insulin together was found to be less effective than A. marmelos fractions alone, but significantly higher than insulin treated group (p< 0.001). Keywords: fractions; glucose; insulin; marmelos; uptake
• Comparative hypoglycemic activity of different extracts of Teucrium stocksianum in diabetic rabbits by Alamgeer, .; Rashid, Muhammad; Bashir, Sajid; Mushtaq, Muhammad Naveed; Khan, Hafeez Ullah; Malik, Muhammad Nasir Hayat; Qayyum, Abdul; Rahaman, Muhammad Shafeeq ur (2013) - Blood glucose levels were estimated at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 hours interval after the adminis- tration insulin and ethyl acetate extract of T. stocksianum (Maqsood et al., 2009). In oral glucose tolerance test, ethyl acetate extract inhibited the rise in blood glucose level after an oral glucose load in normal rabbits. Keywords: acetate; c c; diabetic; ethyl; extract; glucose; level; rabbits; stocksianum
• In vivo hypoglycemic and anti-diabetic study of Oncocalyx glabratus by Ahmed, Sarfaraz; Mothana, Ramzi A.; Al-Rehaily, Adnan J. (2015) - Conversely ethyl acetate extract decrease VLDL-C and LDL-C percentage by 32% and 30% respectively and methanol extract decrease VLDL-C and LDL-C percentage by 36% and 50% respectively. A number of mechanisms of action have been proposed for plant extract to exert their effects. Keywords: acetate; diabetic; ethyl; extract; glucose; level; methanol; water
• Effect of Garcinia indica against brain ischemic reperfusion in rat model by Ahmed, Wasim (2020) - Comparative study of quercetin and its two glycoside derivatives quercitrin and rutin against methylmercury (MeHg)-induced ROS production in rat brain slices. Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Volume: 15; Number 1; Year 2020 Cite this article as: Ahmad W. Effect of Garcinia indica against brain ischemic reperfusion in rat model. Keywords: glucose; indica; oxygen; reperfusion; slices

• Effect of ginger extract on angiogenesis using CAM assay by Bashir, Muhammad Farhan; Qadir, Muhammad Imran (2017) - The compound revealed anti-angiogenic activity due to decrease in 200 160 120 80 40 X Range: 1374 pixels Z Range: 219.1 arbitray 687 -687 64 9 0 - 64 9 Y R an ge : 1 29 8 pi xe ls 0 A DSC_0077.JPG 250 200 150 100 50 X Range: 258 pixels Z Range: 254.1 arbitray 129 -129 14 0 0 - 14 0 Y R an ge : 2 80 p ix el s 0 B IMG-20170326-WA0057.JPG 200 160 120 80 40 X Range: 1031 pixels Z Range: 228.3 arbitray 516 -516 48 9 0 - 48 9 Y R an ge : 9 78 p ix el s 0 C DSC_0082.JPG 250 200 150 100 50 X Range: 1035 pixels Z Range: 252.1 arbitray 518 -518 54 4 0 - 54 4 Y R an ge : 1 08 8 pi xe ls 0 D DSC_0046.JPG 200 160 120 80 40 X Range: 1313 pixels Z Range: 222.8 arbitray 657 -657 64 7 0 - 64 7 Y R an ge : 1 29 3 pi xe ls 0 E DSC_0052.JPG Figure 1: Macroscopic assessment of CAM. Decreased in CAM region revealed anti-angiogenic actions in treated dilutions of ginger extract i.e. (B) 20 µL, (C) 50 µL, (D) 75 µL, (E) 150 µL Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2017; 12: 348-353 351 CAM region, blood vessels diameter and the standard surface roughness of CAM. Keywords: angiogenesis; blood; cam; eggs; extract; ginger; ginger extract; surface; vessels

• In vitro cytogenetic effects of Hypericum heterophyllum in human peripheral blood lymphocytes by Öcal, Afide; Eroğlu, Halil Erhan (2012) - Materials and Methods Preparation of the extracts Aqueous extracts (AE) (decoction) were prepared by A Journal of the Bangladesh Pharmacological Society (BDPS) Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2012; 7: 36-41 Journal homepage: www.banglajol.info Abstracted/indexed in Academic Search Complete, Asia Journals Online, Bangladesh Journals Online, Biological Abstracts, BIOSIS Previews, CAB Abstracts, Current Abstracts, Directory of Open Access Journals, EMBASE/Excerpta Medica, Google Scholar, HINARI (WHO), International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, Open J-gate, Science Citation Index Expanded, SCOPUS and Social Sciences Citation Index; ISSN: 1991-0088 Bangladesh J Pharmacol. Keywords: effects; heterophyllum; hypericum; index
• Inotropic and chronotropic effects of methanol extract of Aquilaria agallocha on rabbit heart by Syed, Nawazish-i-Husain; Mahmood, Qaisar; Ahmad, Maqsood; Akhtar, Muhammad Shoib (2013) - 314 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2013; 8: 311-316 Figure 2: Effects of Aquilaria agallocha methanol extract (2.5 - 300 µg/mL) on (A) force of contraction (g), (B) heart rate (bpm; beat/min) and (C) coronary flow (mL/min) in rabbit isolated heart. A. agallocha extract, digoxin, verapamil and metoprolol were administered in a retrograde manner. Keywords: agallocha; contraction; effects; extract; flow; force; heart; inotropic; methanol

• Taxithelium napalense acts against free radicals and diabetes mellitus by Tatipamula, Vinay Bharadwaj; Killari, Kishore Naidu; Ketha, Alekhya; Sastry, Vedula Girija (2017) - Acute toxicity studies The toxicity of ethanolic extract and fraction I-V were performed as per OECD guidelines. Glibencla- mide (50 mg/kg) and 0.5% carboxymethylcellulose were administered to animals as standard and control respectively Effects on normal and glucose-loaded rats: Fasting blood glucose levels of primarily divided eight groups' (n = 6) animals were deliberated and after 300 and 600 mg/kg body weight dose of ethanolic extract and 150 and 300 mg/kg body weight of fraction IV and V were administrated orally. Keywords: animals; day; diabetic; extract; fraction; napalense

• Docking studies: In silico aldose reductase inhibitory activity of commercially available flavonoids by Umamaheswari, Muthuswamy; Aji, C. S.; Asokkumar, Kuppuswamy; Sivsshanmugam, Thirumalaisamy; Subhadradevi, Varadharajan; Jagannath, Puliyath; Madeswaran, Arumugam (2012) - Figure 3: Docked pose of aldose reductase enzyme (3RX3) with communin-A and epalrestat communin-A have better binding sites and interactions with aldose reductase enzyme. In silico docking study, was carried out to identify the inhibiting potential of selected flavonoids against aldose reductase enzyme (Figure 2). Keywords: -5.6; aldose; binding; communin; docking; energy; flavonoids; mol; reductase
• Molecular docking study on the interaction between trypanothione reductase and mangiferin for antileishmanial activity by Ravi Kumar, Gundampati; Chandrasekaran, Sambamurthy; Jagannadham, Medicherla V. (2012) - Protein preparation for docking The 3D structure of Leishmania Infantum Try R (PDB ID: 2jk6) was downloaded from Protein Data Bank (PDB) (http://www.pdb.org/pdb/home/home.do), before initiating the docking simulations, all non-protein mole- cules were removed from Try R (Figure 1); for any alternative atom locations only the first location was retained. For each ligand, a docking experiment consis- ting of 100 stimulations was performed and the analysis was based on binding free energies and root mean square deviation (RMSD) values, and the ligand mole- cules were then ranked in the order of increasing docking energies. Keywords: autodock; docking; energy; mangiferin; reductase; try; trypanothione
• Molecular docking of viscosine as a new lipoxygenase inhibitor isolated from Dodonaea viscosa by Khan, Amir Zada; Mohammad, Akhtar; Iqbal, Zafar; Anis, Itrat; Shah, Muhammad Raza; Nadeem, Said; Rabnawaz, Muhammad; Shahidullah, Adnan; Khan, Humayun; Khan, Inamullah (2012) - They also play a significant role in cancer cell growth, metastasis, invasiveness, cell survival and induction of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) (Khan et al., 2009; 2011). Catalytic or active site of lipoxygenase is composed of 3 important amino acid residues the so- called catalytic triad (His523, His518, Ile875) along with iron atom (Khan et al., 2011). Keywords: docking; hydrogen; interactions; khan; lipoxygenase; viscosine
• Molecular docking of taraxerol acetate as a new COX inhibitor by Rehman, Ubaid Ur; Shah, Jasmin; Khan, Mudasser Ahmed; Shah, Muhammad Raza; Ishtiaq, -; Khan, Inamullah (2013) - Molecular docking revealed significant interactions of taraxerol acetate with the important amino acid residues surrounding the inhibitor in binding pocket of COX-2 enzyme. In the current investigation we have made a successful effort to identify taraxerol acetate, being the potential chemical constituent, responsible for its reported ethnomedicinal use and pharmacological activity as an anti-inflammatory agent that at least partially targets COX. Keywords: acetate; cox-2; docking; khan; pakistan; taraxerol
• Molecular docking of citrus flavonoids with some targets related to diabetes by Shen, Wei; Lu, Yan-Hua (2013) - Citrus flavonoids have received much attention in recent years, for its potential therapeutic qualities and relatively low toxicity to animals (Benavente-Garcia and Castillo, 2008; Choi and Ahn, 2008; Manthey et al., 2001). Using bioinformatics tools we tried to evaluate whether citrus flavonoids are good ligands to some of the target proteins or gene related to diabetes such as glucokinase, glycogen synthase kinases 3 , per- oxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, and dipeptidyl peptidase IV. Keywords: arg; binding; citrus; docking; figure; flavonoids; glu; hydrogen; residues; ser; tyr; val
• Molecular docking analysis of curcumin analogues as human neutrophil elastase inhibitors by Narayanaswamy, Radhakrishnan; Wai, Lam Kok; Abas, Faridah; Ismail, Intan Safinar (2014) - To our knowledge, we are the first to report the binding of these 12 curcumin analogues with that of human neutrophil elastase structure even though various enzymes were known to bind to the parent compound (curcumin). In the present study, we aimed to dock 17 different ligands of curcumin analogues with that of human neutrophil elastase. Keywords: 2,6; analogues; benzylidene; bis; compound; curcumin; cyclohexanone; docking; elastase; human; ligand; pentadiene-3
• Computational drug design of potential α-amylase inhibitors using some commercially available flavonoids by Madeswaran, Arumugam; Asokkumar, Kuppusamy; Umamaheswari, Muthuswamy; Sivashanmugam, Thirumalaisamy; Subhadradevi, Varadharajan; Jagannath, Puliyath (2014) - Binding energy of the individual compounds were calculated using the following formula, Binding energy = A + B + C - D Analysis of the receptor/ligand complex models generated after successful docking of the flavonoids was based on the parameters such as hydrogen bond interactions, п – п interactions, binding energy, RMSD of active site residues and orientation of the docked compound within the active site (Madeswaran et al., 2012). Keywords: amylase; autodock; binding; docking; energy; flavonoids; mol
• Potential of plant alkaloids as dengue NS3 protease inhibitors: Molecular docking and simulation approach by ul Qamar, Muhammad Tahir; Mumtaz, Arooj; Ashfaq, Usman Ali; Adeel, Muhammad Muzammal; Fatima, Tabeer (2014) - Like other flaviviruses Dengue virus NS3 protease has been declared as significant drug target. Potential of plant alkaloids as dengue NS3 protease inhibitors: Keywords: alkaloids; dengue; docking; drug; ns2b; ns3; ns3 protease; potential; protease; virus
• Anti-inflammatory activity and molecular docking studies of quinolyl-thienyl chalcone by Karim, Nasiara; Ullah, Rahat; Khan, Imran; Raza, Muslim; Rauf, Abdur; Hizbullah, Syed M.; Ullah, Inam (2016) - Chalcones possesses a broad spectrum of pharmacological activities. Anti-inflammatory activity and molecular docking studies of quinolyl-thienyl chalcone Sir, Chalcones, also known as benzylideneacetophenone, are group of compounds that belong to the flavonoids family and act as a precursur for flavonoid and isoflavonoids occurring in edible plants. Keywords: carrageenan; chalcone; docking; quinolyl; thienyl

• Phytochemical screening and antipyretic effects of hydro-methanol extract of Melia azedarach leaves in rabbits by Sultana, Sabira; Akhtar, Naveed; Asif, Hafiz Muhammad (2013) - Antara S, Amla B. Chemical composition of methanol extract of the leaves of Melia azedarach L. Asian J Pharmaceut Clin Res. 2012; 5: 42-45. Plant extract at a dose of 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight were adminis- tered to group III and group IV respectively. Keywords: azedarach; extract; leaves; methanol; rabbits; temperature
• In vivo antitussive activity of Coccinia grandis against irritant aerosol and sulfur dioxide-induced cough model in rodents by Pattanayak, Shakti Prasad; Sunita, Priyashree (2009) - Statis- tical differences between cough number obtained in presence of plant extracts with that of codeine; ns: non significant difference, bp<0.001. Statistical difference between both the extract concentrations; cp<0.01 Table I Effects of Coccinia grandis methanol extract and codeine phosphate on the cough induced by sulfur dioxide gas in mice Treatment Dose Frequency of cough (mean ± SEM) 0 min 30 min 60 min 90 min 120 min Saline control 10 mL/kg 60.2 ± 0.3 62.9 ± 0.3 60.3 ± 0.5 59.3 ± 0.9 57.6 ± 0.2 Codeine phosphate 10 mg/kg 60.9 ± 0.3ns 44.2 ± 0.6a (29.7) 39.5 ± 0.6a (34.4) 34.7 ± 1.2a (41.5) 35.6 ± 0.4a (38.2) The results showed significant reduction of cough number obtained in the presence of both concentrations of methanol extract as that of the prototype antitussive agent codeine phosphate. Keywords: antitussive; codeine; cough; extract; methanol; min
• In vivo studies on detoxifying actions of aqueous bark extract of Prosopis cineraria against crude venom from Indian cobra (Naja naja) by Sivaraman, Thirunavukkarasu; Rajesh, Sivarathri Siva; Elango, Veerayan (2013) - Overall in vivo anti-venom effect of plant extracts (A – aqueous extract of A. bracteolata; B - Methanol extract of A. bracteolata; C – aqueous extract of P. cineraria; D - Methanol extract of P. cineraria; E – aqueous extract of R. tetraphylla; F - Methanol extract of R. tetraphylla) against lethality induced by Naja naja crude venom is schematically represented as observed from the studies of animal models using Swiss albino mice. trations (p.o./i.v./i.p./etc.), lethal doses (LD50/2LD50/ 3LD50) and animal models (mice/rats/etc.). The Group I, II and III–VIII were used as healthy control group, envenomed control group and test groups, respectively; the Group I animals were treated with saline only; the Group II animals were treated with saline containing 3LD50 (1.1 mg/kg b.w.) of crude venom of Indian cobra; Group III to VIII were treated with saline containing 3LD50 of the crude venom pre-incubated with 14 mg/kg b.w. of plant extracts (Group III, IV, V, VI, VII and VIII were treated with aqueous root extract of A. bracteolata, methanol root extract of A. bracteolata, aqueous bark extract of P. cineraria, methanol bark extract of P. cineraria, aqueous root extract of R. tetraphylla and methanol root extract of R. tetraphylla, respectively) for 30 min at temperature of 310 K. Keywords: animals; bracteolata; cineraria; cobra; extract; methanol; naja; plants; tetraphylla; venom
• Diuretic effect of Caesalpinia bonduc in rats by Khedkar, Ajay; Mandavkar, Yuvaraj D.; Shinde, Gulab; Khalure, Pallavi; Dere, Pravin (2011) - The present study provides a quantitative basis for explaining the use of seeds extracts of C. bonduc as a diuretic agent. The methanol and aqueous extracts were concentrated on rotary flash evaporator and vacuum dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. Keywords: bonduc; extract; methanol; seeds; urine
• Indigofera pulchra leaves extracts contain anti-Plasmodium berghei agents by Ibrahim, Sani; Ibrahim, Mohammed A.; Musa, Aliyu M.; Aliyu, Abubakar B.; Haruna, Nura S.; Okafor, Azubuike I. (2011) - The extract was filtered using Whatman filter paper (No. 2) and concentrated on a Büchi rotary evaporator at 40°C under reduced pressure to yield a residue (52.0 g) referred to as methanol extract. b er gh ei in fe ct ed re d bl oo d ce lls 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Number of days Infected untreated control Infected and tread with 100 mg/kg bw of IPME Infected and tread with 200 mg/kg bw of IPME Infected and tread with 100 mg/kg bw of IPNBF Infected and tread with 200 mg/kg bw of IPNBF Infected and treated with chloroquine Figure 1: Effect of I. pulchra leaves extracts on the course of P. berghei infection in mice. Keywords: berghei; butanol; extract; fraction; methanol

• Effect of Pithecellobium jiringa as antimicrobial agent by Abu Bakar, Ruzilawati; Ahmad, Imran; Sulaiman, Shaida Fariza (2012) - The estimate of the MIC was carried by using P. jiringa leaf extract against the organisms. Effect of P. jiringa leaf extract on B. subtilis Two milliliter of B.subtilis suspension was added into nutrient broth containing P. jiringa leaf crude extract to give a final dilution of 250 mg/mL. Keywords: extract; inhibition; jiringa; leaf; mic; pithecellobium
• In vitro study on the hypoglycemic potential of Nicotiana tabacum leaf extracts by Kazeem, Mutiu Idowu; Ogungbe, Semawon Mauton; Saibu, Gbemisola Morounke; Aboyade, Oluwaseyi Mayode (2014) - The results revealed that aqueous extract of the plant was most effective inhibitor of -amylase (IC50 5.7 mg/mL) while acetone extract exhibited the best inhibitory potential on - glucosidase (IC50 4.5 mg/mL). I The percentage yield of different extracts of N. tabacum leaf Extracts Initial weight (g) Final weight (g) % yield Acetone 32.9 6.1 18.6 Ethanol 33.6 3.3 9.9 Water 38.7 2.3 6.0 activities of the acetone, ethanolic and aqueous extracts of the plant investigated. Keywords: -amylase; -glucosidase; acetone; diabetes; extract; inhibition; inhibitory; tabacum; water
• In vitro acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory potentials of essential oil of Artemisia macrocephala by Shoaib, Mohammad; Shah, Ismail; Ali, Niaz; Shah, Syed Wadood Ali (2015) - Results The detailed GC/MS report of oils of A. macrocephala is given in Table I. In vitro In vitro In vitro acetylcholinesterase and acetylcholinesterase and acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory po-butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory po-butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory po- tentials of essential oil of tentials of essential oil of tentials of essential oil of Artemisia Artemisia Artemisia macrocephalamacrocephalamacrocephala BJP Introduction Being affordable and accessible, medicinal plants have been as primary and essential part of many people’s life all over the world. Keywords: ache; bche; disease; essential; inhibition; macrocephala; oil
• Evaluation of lipoxygenase inhibition of Jatropha gossypifolia, a medicinal plant from Pakistan by Saleem, Hammad; Ahmad, Irshad; Gill, M. Shoaib Ali (2016) - Evaluation of lipoxygenase inhibition of Jatropha gossypifolia, a medicinal plant from Pakistan. Evaluation of lipoxygenase inhibition of Jatropha gossypifolia, a medicinal plant from Pakistan Sir, Inflammation is a common process by which the destruction of cells leading to various unrelated disorders like, cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, heart diseases, stroke, arthritis, multiple sclerosis, etc can be precede. Keywords: gossypifolia; inhibition; lipoxygenase

• Comparison of terpene components from flowers of Artemisia annua by Yang, Zhan-Nan; Zhu, Shi-Qiong; Yu, Zheng-Wen (2012) - Abstract Terpene constituents of essential oils obtained by steam distillation from Artemisia annua flowers at the pre-, full- and post-flowering stage was investigated by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometric detector (GC-MS). The samples studied showed that main components of essential oils were monoterpenes hydrocarbons (48.1%) and oxygenated monoterpenes (41%) in the pre- flowering, oxygenated monoterpenes (35.6%) and sesquiterpenes hydro- carbons (5.0%) in the full-flowering, and oxygenated monoterpenes (29.6%), sesquiterpenes hydrocarbons (32.2%) and oxygenated sesquiterpenes (25.3%) in the post-flowering, respectively. Keywords: annua; artemisia; flowering; monoterpenes; oil; oils; sesquiterpenes
• Proposed mechanism of antibacterial mode of action of Caesalpinia bonducella seed oil against food-borne pathogens by Shukla, Shruti; Majumder, Rajib; Ahirwal, Laxmi; Mehta, Archana (2016) - Previously we reported the antibacterial, antidia-betic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic and analgesic properties of C. bonducella seed oil (Shukla et al., 2010). Measurement of extracellular adenosine 5’-triphophate (ATP) concentration To determine the efficacy of C. bonducella seed oil on membrane integrity, the extracellular ATP concentra- tions were measured according to the previously described method (Bajpai et al., 2013). Keywords: bonducella; bonducella seed; coli; food; membrane; monocytogenes; oil; seed; seed oil
• Antidiarrheal activity of methanolic leaf extract of Rumex vesicarius by Khan, Imran Ahmad; Janbaz, Khalid Hussain; Saqib, Fatima (2016) - I Castor oil (1 mL p.o) + saline (2 mL/kg i.p) 2.4 ± 0.1 --- II Castor oil (1 mL p.o) + atropine (3 mg/kg i.p) 1.8 ± 0.1b 24.4 III Castor oil (1 mL p.o) + R. vesicarius (200 mg/kg i.p) 1.7 ± 0.1a 26.1 IV Castor oil (1 mL p.o) + R. vesicarius (400 mg/kg i.p) 1.2 ± 0.1b 49.3 Effect of R. vesicarius on castor oil-induced enteropooling in rats: R. vesicarius was administered i.p 1 hour before castor oil administration. R. vesicarius has been in use cooling agent, astringent, anti-venom agent and appetizer for the treatment of allaying pain of toothache, nausea, and insect bite, seeds were used for dysentery (Dymoke, 1972). Keywords: castor; castor oil; diarrhea; i.p; oil; vesicarius
• Antispasmodic activity of Symplocos paniculata is mediated through opening of ATP-dependent K+ channel by Janbaz, Khalid Hussain; Akram, Saba; Saqib, Fatima; Khalid, Mamoona (2016) - Glibenclamide Figure: 2 Effect of S. paniculata (A) and cromakalim (B) on low K+ (20 mM)-, high K+ (80 mM)- and low K+ plus glibenclamide- induced contractions in isolated rabbit jejunum preparations. The relaxant behavior of cromakalim on low K+ (20 mM)-induced contractions of isolated rabbit jejunum preparations was found to be comparable with S. paniculata as activity of both of these relaxant was found to be mitigated following exposure to glibenclamide. Keywords: animals; castor; contractions; jejunum; oil; paniculata; rabbit
• Chemical characterization and mode of action of Ligustrum lucidum flower essential oil against food-borne pathogenic bacteria by Bajpai, Vivek K.; Singh, Siddhartha; Mehta, Archana (2016) - Based on the susceptibility, L. lucidum flower oil revealed its mode of action on membrane integrity as confirmed by increased release of extra-cellular ATP (2.5 and 2.2 pg/mL), leakage of potassium ions (950 and 900 mM/L), loss of 260-nm absorbing materials (4.2 and 3.9 optical density), and increase in relative electrical conductivity (10.6 and 9.8%) against Staphylococcus aureus KCTC-1621 (Gram-positive) and Salmonella enterica ATCC-4731 (Gram-negative), respectively. Measurement of extracellular adenosine 5’-triphophate (ATP) concentration To determine the efficacy of L. lucidum flower oil on membrane integrity, the extracellular ATP concentra- tions were measured according to our previously described method (Bajpai et al., 2013). Keywords: aureus; bacteria; essential; flower; flower oil; food; kctc-1621; l. lucidum; lucidum; lucidum flower; oil
• Effect of neem oil on some pathogenic bacteria by Jahan, Tuhin; Begum, Zinnat Ara; Sultana, Sayeeda (2007) - Efficacy of NIM-76, a spermicidal fraction from neem oil was investigated for its antimicrobial action against certain bacteria, fungi and poliovirus as compared to whole neem oil. Cite this article as: Jahan T, Begum ZA, Sultana S. Effect of neem oil on some pathogenic bacteria. Keywords: disc; neem; oil
• Mathematical modeling for extraction of essential oil from Aquilaria crassna by hydrodistillation and quality of agarwood oil by Pornpunyapat, Jutarut; Chetpattananondh, Pakamas; Tongurai, Chakrit (2011) - In this work, agarwood oil was hydrodistilled at various temperatures in order to study the distillation kinetics and quality of the oil. 3 July 2011 DOI: 10.3329/bjp.v6i1.7902 Cite this article: Pornpunyapat J, Chetpattananondh P, Tongurai C. Mathematical modeling for extraction of essential oil from A uila ia crassna by hydrodistillation and quality of agarwood oil. Keywords: agarwood; chemical; diffusion; distillation; extraction; hydrodistillation; model; oil
• Antidiarrheal and antispasmodic activities of Vincetoxicum stocksii are mediated through calcium channel blockade by Shah, Abdul Jabbar; Zaidi, Mudassar A.; Sajjad, Hassan; Hamidullah, .; Gilani, Anwarul-Hassan (2011) - Calcium channel blocking activity of Mentha longifolia L. explains its medicinal use in diarrhea and gut spasm. These data indicate that the crude extract of V. stocksii contains calcium channel blocking constituents that may possibly explain its medicinal use in hyperactive states of gut, such as, diarrhea and spasms. Keywords: antidiarrheal; calcium; castor; channel; extract; loperamide; oil; stocksii
• Chemical composition of the leaf essential oils of Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng and Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack by Chowdhury, Jasim Uddin; Bhuiyan, Mohammad Nazrul Islam; Yusuf, Mohammed (2008) - Sawangjaroen et al. (2006) $�-RXUQDO�RI�WKH�%DQJODGHVK�3KDUPDFRORJLFDO�6RFLHW\��%'36� ������������������������������������%DQJODGHVK�-�3KDUPDFRO������������-�� -RXUQDO�KRPHSDJH��ZZZ�EDQJODMRO�LQIR $EVWUDFWHG�LQGH[HG� LQ $FDGHPLF� 6HDUFK� &RPSOHWH�� $VLD� -RXUQDOV� 2QOLQH�� %DQJODGHVK� -RXUQDOV� 2QOLQH�� %LRORJLFDO� $EVWUDFWV�� %,26,6� 3UHYLHZV�� &$%� $EVWUDFWV�� &XUUHQW� $EVWUDFWV�� 'LUHFWRU\� RI� 2SHQ� $FFHVV� -RXUQDOV�� (0%$6(�([FHUSWD� 0HGLFD�� *RRJOH� 6FKRODU�� +,1$5,� �:+2��� ,QWHUQDWLRQDO� 3KDUPDFHXWLFDO�$EVWUDFWV��2SHQ�--JDWH� 6FLHQFH�&LWDWLRQ�,QGH[�([SDQGHG��6&2386�DQG�6RFLDO�6FLHQFHV�&LWDWLRQ�,QGH[�� ,661������-���� $EVWUDFW The chemical composition of the leaf oils of Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng and M. paniculata (L.) Jack from Bangladesh was studied by gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). C:\Users\Hp\AppData\Local\Temp\mso390D.tmp Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Research Article Chemical composition of the leaf es- sential oils of Murraya koenigii (L.) Keywords: caryophyllene; koenigii; murraya; oil; paniculata; � �
• Volatile constituents of essential oils isolated from leaf and rhizome of Zingiber cassumunar Roxb. by Bhuiyan, Mohammad Nazrul Islam; Chowdhury, Jasim Uddin; Begum, Jaripa (2008) - Jitoe et al. (1994) and Masuda and Jitoe, (1994) reported novel anti-oxidants, cassumunarin A, B, and C and Kishore and Dwivedi (1992) also $�-RXUQDO�RI�WKH�%DQJODGHVK�3KDUPDFRORJLFDO�6RFLHW\��%'36� ������������������������������������%DQJODGHVK�-�3KDUPDFRO������������-�� -RXUQDO�KRPHSDJH��ZZZ�EDQJODMRO�LQIR $EVWUDFWHG�LQGH[HG� LQ $FDGHPLF� 6HDUFK� &RPSOHWH�� $VLD� -RXUQDOV� 2QOLQH�� %DQJODGHVK� -RXUQDOV� 2QOLQH�� %LRORJLFDO� $EVWUDFWV�� %,26,6� 3UHYLHZV�� &$%� $EVWUDFWV�� &XUUHQW� $EVWUDFWV�� 'LUHFWRU\� RI� 2SHQ� $FFHVV� -RXUQDOV�� (0%$6(�([FHUSWD� 0HGLFD�� *RRJOH� 6FKRODU�� +,1$5,� �: 0G��1D]UXO�,VODP�%KXL\DQ��-DVLP�8GGLQ�&KRZGKXU\�DQG�-DULSD�%HJXP %&6,5�/DERUDWRULHV��&KLWWDJRQJ�&DQWRQPHQW��&KLWWDJRQJ�������%DQJODGHVK� This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Keywords: cassumunar; constituents; et al; leaf; oil; rhizome; zingiber; � �

• HPTLC fingerprint profile of antibacterial compound produced from forest soil Streptomyces SFA5 by Ponnuswamy, Shekar; Kannaiyan, Sathish Kumar; Venugopal, Gopikrishnan; Mannikkam, Radhakrishnan (2016) - A simple, sensitive and accurate HPTLC method has been performed for the quantitative estimation of bioactive compounds from ethyl acetate extract of Streptomyces sp. SFA5. Results of HPTLC finger printing of ethyl acetate extract of the strain SFA5 at UV 254 and 366 with corresponding Rf values substantiate the presence of bioactive compounds. Keywords: acetate; ethyl; extract; hptlc; sfa5; streptomyces
• A new class of potential antidiabetic acetohydrazides: Synthesis, in vivo antidiabetic activity and molecular docking studies by Arif, Mubeen; Jabeen, Furukh; Saeed, Aamer; Qureshi, Irfan Zia; Mushtaq, Nadia (2017) - N΄-(3-flourobenzylidene)-2-(5-(pyridin-3-yl)-2H- tetrazol-2-yl)acetohydrazide (9l) Yield: 82%; off white solid; m.p.: 263°C (decomp.); Rf: 0.42 (ethyl acetate : n-hexane 2:1); FTIR (ATR, υ/cm-1): 3376 (N-H), 3116 (Ar C-H), 1685 (C=N), 1665 (amide C=O), 1571 (Ar C=C), 1271 (N=N-N); 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ 12.08 (br, 1H, NH), 9.21 (d, J = 1.5 Hz, 1H, Ar-H), 8.74 (dd, J = 1.5, 4.8 Hz, 1H, Ar-H), 8.60- 8.51 (m, 1H, Ar-H), 8.21 (s, 1H, CH=N), 7.81-7.62 (m, 4H, Ar-H), 7.54-7.47 (m, 1H, Ar-H), 6.15 (s, 2H, CH2); 13C NMR: (75 MHz, DMSO-d6): 166.9 (C=O) , 163.0 322 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2017; 12: 319-332 (C=N, tetrazole), 162.8, 159.9, 152.1, 147.1, 138.2, 135.7, 134.1, 132.8, 129.7, 126.0, 121.4, 119.6, 54.23; LC-MS (m/ z): (M)+, 326; Elemental analysis calculation for C15H12FN7O (%): C, 55.38; H, 3.72; N, 30.14; Found: C, 55.27; H, 3.81; N, 30.16. N΄-(2-flourobenzylidene)-2-(5-(pyridin-3-yl)-2H- tetrazol-2-yl)acetohydrazide (9m) Yield: 80%; off white solid; m.p.: 252°C (decomp.); Rf: 0.42 (ethyl acetate : n-hexane 2:1); FTIR (ATR, υ/cm-1): 3387 (N-H), 3117 (Ar C-H), 1687 (C=N), 1662 (amide C=O), 1588 (Ar C=C), 1277 (N=N-N); 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ 12.10 (br, 1H, NH), 9.25 (s, 1H, Ar- H), 8.82-8.74 (m, 1H, Ar-H), 8.50-8.42 (m, 1H, Ar-H), 8.28 (s, 1H, CH=N), 8.05-7.88 (m, 1H, Ar-H), 7.62 (dd, J = 8.1, 4.8 Hz, 1H, Ar-H), 7.54-7.46 (m, 1H, Ar-H), 7.33- 7.29 (m, 2H, Ar-H), 6.20 (s, 2H, CH2); 13C NMR: (75 MHz, DMSO-d6): 166.7 (C=O), 162.8 (C=N, tetrazole), 162.6, 159.5, 151.9, 147.6, 138.3, 138.2, 134.4, 132.7, 127.1, 125.3, 124.8, 123.4; LC-MS (m/z): (M)+, 326; Elemental analysis calculation for C15H12FN7O (%): C, 55.38; H, 3.72; N, 30.14; Found: C, 55.27; H, 3.81; N, 30.16. Keywords: 13c; = o; acetate; amide c; analysis; ar c; c =; ch =; dmso; ethyl; mhz; nmr; solid; tetrazole
• α-Amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of the extracts and constituents of Ferulago blancheana, F. pachyloba and F. trachycarpa roots by Karakaya, Songül; Özbek, Hilal; Gözcü, Sefa; Güvenalp, Zühal; Yuca, Hafize; Duman, Hayri; Kazaz, Cavit; Kiliç, Ceyda Sibel (2018) - α-Amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of the extracts and constituents of Ferulago blancheana, F. pachyloba and F. trachycarpa roots 6RQJ�O�.DUDND\D���+LODO�g]EHN���6HID�*|]F����=�KDO�*�YHQDOS���+DIL]H�Keywords: ethyl; fraction; � 'hsduwphqw; � )dfxow\; � 7xunh\; � 8qlyhuvlw\; � ri; � �
• Study of an endophytic fungus from Aquilaria malaccensis Lamk by Shoeb, Mohammad; Begum, Shahanara; Nahar, Nilufar (2010) - Endophytic fungi spend the whole or parts of its life cycle colonizing inter or intra- cellularly inside the healthy tissues of the host plant. Some species of endophytic fungi have been identified as sources of anticancer, antidiabetic, insecticidal, immunosuppressive and biocontrol compounds. Keywords: acetate; ethyl; extract; nmr; ppm

• REN C-5312T, but not C-5434T, correlates to increase serum angiotensin I level in angiotensin II receptor blockers-treated hypertensive patients by Rohman, Mohammad Saifur; Fahrany, Frastiqa; Maslahah, Imama; Widodo, -; Lukitasari, Mifetika; Kurniawan, Aditya; Endharti, Agustina Tri (2016) - Serum angiotensin I levels between CC and CT/TT genotype of REN-5434 polymorphism The comparation of serum angiotensin I level among genetic variant of C-5434T REN polymorphism were analyzed, either in hypertensive patients carrying -5312 CC or -5312 CT/TT genotype. Previous study showed that there was a significant elevation of serum angiotensin I levels among hyper- tensive patients with REN C-5312T after receiving valsartan (Konoshita et al., 2009), even if they did not investigate REN C-5434T polymorphism. Keywords: angiotensin; arb; c-5312; level; ren; serum
• Serum osteocalcin and urinary free deoxypyridinoline as potential risk factors in predicting the prevalence of bone trauma among the post-menopausal Chinese women by Jiang, Anqing; Liu, Yijie; Li, Xuefeng; Chen, Jie; Wang, Heng; Yang, Huilin; Jiang, Weimin (2018) - In this pilot study, post-menopausal Chinese women with osteoporosis or history of bone fractures were enrolled. However, the predictive value of biomarkers in assessing bone trauma in post-menopausal Chinese women has not yet been confirmed. Keywords: bone; chinese; deoxypyridinoline; fracture; osteocalcin; post; serum; study; women
• Hypolipidemic effects of fenugreek seed powder by Moosa, Abu Saleh M.; Rashid, Mamun Ur; Asadi, A. Z. S.; Ara, Nazma; Uddin, M. Mojib; Ferdaus, A. (2006) - The present study suggests that fenugreek seed powder would be considered as effective agent for lipid lowering purposes. They were advised to swallow 25 gm of fenugreek seed powder twice daily (after breakfast and after dinner). Keywords: cholesterol; day; fenugreek; lipid; serum

• Prescribing pattern in a pediatric out-patient department in Gujarat by Mirza, Nazima Yunus; Desai, Sagun; Ganguly, Barna (2008) - Essential medicines or fixed-dose drug combinations were allotted the score of 2 while non- essential were assigned the score of 0. Essential medicines and rational use of medicines are two sides of a coin – inseparable from each other and mutually dependent. Keywords: appropriateness; dose; drug; medicines; prescription; score
• Preparation and evaluation of novel galantamine hydrobromide sustained-release capsule by Yang, Shuoye (2016) - Drug release mechanism and statistical analysis for release data Drug release data were analyzed by various mathema- tical models. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of ofloxacin sustained release pellets. Keywords: analysis; capsules; dissolution; drug; galantamine; galantamine hydrobromide; hydrobromide; medium; method; reference; release; results; samples; study; testing; time

• Effects of turmeric and garlic on blood cholesterol level by Chowdhury, Muhammad Mustafizur Rahman; Moinuddin, Shah Md.; Islam, Md. Kamrul (2008) - Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Research Article Effects of turmeric and garlic on Effects of turmeric and garlic on Effects of turmeric and garlic on blood cholesterol level in guinea pigblood cholesterol level in guinea pigblood cholesterol level in guinea pig BJP Introduction The problem of atherosclerosis, thrombosis and myo- cardial infarction has recently increased many folds in urban population of Bangladesh (Zaman et al., 1981). Abstract This study has been attempted to investigate the effects of garlic and turmeric on blood cholesterol level. Keywords: animals; cholesterol; day; garlic; level; turmeric

• In vitro anti-Candida activity and single crystal X-ray structure of ({(1E)-[3-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1-phenylpropylidene]amino}oxy)(4-nitrophenyl)methanone by Attia, Mohamed I.; Ghabbour, Hazem A.; Zakaria, Azza S.; Fun, Hoong-Kun (2014) - In vitro anti-Candida activity and single crystal X-ray structure of ({(1E)-[3-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1- phenylpropylidene]amino}oxy)(4- nitrophenyl)methanone BJP Introduction In recent years, the incidence of serious fungal infec- tions has significantly increased. Single crystal X-ray structure of the title compound 4 confirmed its assigned (E)-configuration. Keywords: albicans; antifungal; candida; compound; crystal; fluconazole
• Hepatoprotective effect of Monotheca buxifolia fruit against antitubercular drugs-induced hepatotoxicity in rats by Ullah, Irfan; Khan, Jamshaid Ali; Adhikari, Achyut; Shahid, Muhammad (2016) - Materials and Methods Plant material Fruit of M. buxifolia was collected from the northern A Journal of the Bangladesh Pharmacological Society (BDPS) Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2016; 11: 248-256 Journal homepage: www.banglajol.info Abstracted/indexed in Academic Search Complete, Asia Journals Online, Bangladesh Journals Online, Biological Abstracts, BIOSIS Previews, CAB Abstracts, Current Abstracts, Directory of Open Access Journals, EMBASE/Excerpta Medica, Google Scholar, HINARI (WHO), International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, Open J-gate, Science Citation Information Expanded (SCIE), SCOPUS and Social Sciences Citation Index; ISSN: 1991-0088 Table III Effect of M. buxifolia extract on isoniazid plus rifampicin induced hepatotoxicity after 21 days of treatment Histopathological findings Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4 Group 5 Glycogen depletion – ++ + – – Congestion + +++ – + + Endothelium disruption – +++ – – – Sinusoidal dilatation – ++ – – – Hydropic degeneration – ++ – – – Cytolysis – + – – – Lymphocytic infiltration – ++ + – – Perivenular necrosis – ++ – – – Lymphoid aggregates in the portal tract – +++ – – – (–) none; (+) mild; (++) moderate; (+++) severe damage 252 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2016; 11: 248-256 Dugasani SR, Saleem T, Sowjanya G, Gopinath C. Hepato- protective activity of methanolic extract of Mussaenda philippica (stems) against anti-tubercular drugs induced hepatotoxicity. Keywords: buxifolia; compound; hepatoprotective; hepatotoxicity; isoniazid; rifampicin
• Identification of arachiflavanol A and proanthocyanidin A2 from the ethyl acetate extract of peanut skin by Nguyen, Luyen Thi; Nguyen, Uyen Thu; Do, Giang Hoang; Hoang, Duong Thuy; Bui, Le Nhat Thi; Nguyen, Minh Thu Thi; Nguyen, Dat Tien (2025) - In vitro digestion of peanut skin releases bioactive compounds and ıncreases cancer cell toxicity. Structurally, the peanut comprises a kernel, seed coat (commonly referred to as peanut skin), and hull. Keywords: arachiflavanol; compound; flavan-3; nmr; peanut; proanthocyanidin; skin

• Effect of ethanolic seed extract of Croton penduliflorous Hutch. on loperamide-induced constipated male rats by Ashafa, Anofi Omotayo Tom; Yakubu, Musa Toyin; Ogbe, Abdul-Azeez Adeola; Abass, Aishat Abidemi (2012) - Table I Effect of administration of loperamide on feed intake, water intake, and fecal parameters of rats Parameters Normal control Loperamide-induced constipated animals Feed intake (g) 16.8 ± 1.2a 8.8 ± 1.0b Water intake (g) 20.9 ± 1.3a 9.8 ± 0.8b Number of fecal pellets 71.1 ± 3.8a 26.4 ± 1.0b Water content of fecal pellets (g) 1.7 ± 0.2a 0.6 ± 0.1b Weight of fecal pellets (g) 7.0 ± 0.5a 3.2 ± 0.1b n = 6 ± SEM; Values for each parameter carrying superscript different from the non-constipated control are significantly different (p<0.05); Values in brackets are the computed percentage decrease Table II Effect of ethanolic seed extract of C. penduliflorus on some indices of constipation Parameters Constipat- ed control Senekot (5 mg/ kg b/w) Constipated animals plus Extract (mg/kg body weight) Abstract The laxative effect of ethanolic seed extract of Croton penduliflorus was evaluated in loperamide-induced constipated male rats on daily basis for 7 days. Keywords: animals; body; body weight; constipation; extract; kg body; loperamide; water; weight
• Detection of cytosolic tRNA in mammal by Northern blot analysis by Hamad, Alshammari Fanar; Jeong, Hye-Young; Han, Jong-Hun; Rather, Irfan Ahmad (2017) - Identify the distinct bands corresponding to 28S, 18S, and small RNA species such as 5.8S and tRNAs 3. Here we, utilize the similar strategy to detect the population of small RNA species such as cytosolic methionine initiator tRNA and glycine tRNA isolated from HEK293T cells. Keywords: buffer; catalog; crosslinking; depc; gel; hybridization; membrane; rna; trna; water
• Estimation of vitamin B12 in plasma by High Performance Liquid Chromatography by Hasnat, Fahmida; Bhuiyan, Habiba Akhter; Misbahuddin, Mir (2017) - The normal range of vitamin B12 in plasma of healthy subject is 200-900 pg/mL. Vitamin B12 in plasma, serum and urine can be measured by radioimmunoassay, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, microbiological assay (using Lactobacillus leichmannii; Girdwood, 1954), HPLC (Stefova et al., 1997), capillary electrophoresis, mass spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy (Mayer et al., 1973), Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy (Hancewicz and Petty, 1995), chemiluminescence (Song and Hou, 2003) and fluorescence quenching. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop and validate a novel High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) methodology for rapid detection and quantitation of water soluble vitamin B12 in biological fluids (plasma) which can lead to both time and cost saving. Keywords: b12; hplc; sample; solution; vitamin; water
• Breeding of zebrafish in the laboratory environment for research development by Kim, Sang Ho; Sharma, Chanchal; Khan, Imran; Kang, Sun Chul (2017) - Zebrafish breeding in the laboratory environment. Zebrafish initiate breeding at the onset of white light. Keywords: breeding; danio; laboratory; rerio; research; tank; water; zebrafish

• Hepatoprotective effect of leaves of aqueous ethanol extract of Cestrum nocturnum against paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity by Qadir, M. Imran; Murad, Muhammad Sajid Al; Ali, Muhammad; Saleem, Mohammad; Farooqi, Ammad Ahmad (2014) - Many plants have been identified as hepatoprotective like Trianthema decandra (Balamurugan and Muthusamy, 2008), Coccu- lus hirsutus (Thakare et al., 2009), Carica papaya (Sadeque and Begum, 2010), Carissa spinarum (Hegde and Joshi, 2010), Convolvulus arvensis (Ali et al., 2013), Dodonaea viscosa (Khan et al., 2013), Trichodesma sedgwickianum (Saboo et al., 2013), OfIpomoea staphylina (Bag and Mumtaz, 2013) and Khamira Gaozaban Ambri Jadwar Ood Saleeb Wala (Akhtar et al., 2013). Cestrum nocturnum (Family Solanaceae) commonly known as “Queen of Night” is used as anti-inflamma- tory, analgesic (Mazumder et al., 2010), antimicrobial (Khan et al., 2011), antiepileptic (Perez et al., 2008), anti- cancer (Zhong et al., 2008), insecticidal (Savchenko et al., 2000), local anesthetic (Zeng et al., 2002), and CNS depressant (Zeng et al., 2003). Keywords: extract; hepatoprotective; nocturnum; paracetamol
• Hepatoprotective activity of aqueous methanolic extract of Viola odorata against paracetamol-induced liver injury in mice by Qadir, M. Imran; Ali, Muhammad; Ali, Muhammad; Saleem, Mohammad; Hanif, Muhammad (2014) - Many plants have been identified as hepatoprotective like Trianthema decandra (Balamurugan and Muthusamy, 2008), Cocculus hirsutus (Thakare et al., 2009), Carica papaya (Sadeque and Begum, 2010), Carissa spinarum (Hegde and Joshi, 2010), Convolvulus arvensis (Ali et al., 2013), Dodonaea viscosa (Khan et al., 2013), Trichodesma sedgwickianum (Saboo et al., 2013), OfIpomoea staphylina (Bag and Mumtaz, 2013), Khamira Gaozaban Ambri Jadwar Ood Saleeb Wala (Akhtar et al., 2013) and Morus nigra (Mallhi et al., 2014). Flavonoids have been identified in V. odorata (Siddiqi et al., 2012) and they may have hepatoprotective activity (Ali et al., 2013). Keywords: extract; hepatoprotective; odorata; paracetamol; qadir
• Evaluation of hepatoprotective effect of chloroform and methanol extracts of Opuntia monacantha in paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in rabbits by Saleem, Mohammad; Irshad, Iram; Baig, Muhammad Kashif; Naseer, Faiza (2015) - Then filtration was done with Whatman filter paper No. 1 and the filtrates were concentrated in a rotary evaporator at 61ºC for chloroform extract and at 65ºC for methanol extract. Distill water 0.7 ± 0.0 68.2 ± 4.7 66.8 ± 8.4 117.3 ± 5.3 Distill water + Paracetamol (2,000 mg/kg) 3.3 ± 0.2 165.3 ± 22.4 115.6 ± 12.2 223.3 ± 7.7 Silymarin (100 mg) + Paracetamol (2,000 mg/kg) 0.5 ± 0.0 68.8 ± 7.7 75.5 ± 8.4 133.5 ± 9.9 Chloroform extract (200 mg) + Paracetamol (2,000 mg/kg) 1.8 ± 0.3 98.3 ± 6.6 86.3 ± 4.5 145.6 ± 7.7 Chloroform extract (400 mg) + Paracetamol (2,000 mg/kg) 1.3 ± 0.2 95.3 ± 16.0 82.5 ± 11.9 141.5 ± 9.5 Chloroform extract (600 mg) + Paracetamol (2000 mg/kg) 1.0 ± 0.1 93.6 ± 6.6 80.8 ± 6.4 138.5 ± 6.2 Methanol extract (200 mg) + Paracetamol (2000 mg/kg) 1.6 ± 0.2 99.0 ± 5.9 98.2 ± 6.7 145.0 ± 2.1 Methanol extract (400 mg) + Paracetamol (2,000 mg/kg) 1.2 ± 0.3 80.1 ± 8.0 90.0 ± 5.8 141.7 ± 17.6 Methanol extract (600 mg) + Paracetamol (2,000 mg/kg) 1.1 ± 0.1 76.1 ± 4.7 78.2 ± 7.2 139.5 ± 11.8 Table II Phytochemical analysis of Opuntia monacantha Compounds Chloroform extract Methanol extract Alkaloids + + Polysaccharides + + Tannins + + Saponins + + Flavonoids + + Steroids - - Anthraquinones - - Discussion Paracetamol-induced liver toxicity and cell death are due to generation of toxic metabolites after its meta- bolism through CYP-450 (Ibrahim et al., 2011). Keywords: chloroform; extract; hepatoprotective; monacantha; paracetamol

• Improved mass screening of medicinal plants for antibacterial activity by Leaf Disc antibacterial assay by Keekan, Kishor Kumar; Padmaraj, Sunil Rao (2019) - Similarly, leaf discs were also used (Case, 2001; Ndi 2007) to determine the antibacterial properties of plants. a) Steaming: both the surface [i.e., astomatous (adaxial) and stomatous (abaxial)] of leaf disc (2.5 min on each side) on a sterile stainless steel mesh, b) Keywords: assay; disc; leaf; method; plants; screening; solvent

• Antiarthritic efficacy of Clematis orientalis by Hasan, Umme Habiba; Alamgeer, . (2018) - In formaldehyde induced arthritis C. orientalis appreciably and dose-dependently decreased edematous swelling all through the study Table II Effect of crude extract and different fractions of C. orientalis on paw volume in formaldehyde induced arthritis Treatment groups 2nd day 4th day 6th day 8th day 10th day Increase in paw volume (mL) Arthritic control (3 mL/kg) 1.5 ± 0.1 1.8 ± 0.0 2.0 ± 0.0 2.0 ± 0.0 2.1 ± 0.0 Piroxicam (10 mg/kg) 1.2 ± 0.1b 1.0 ± 0.1c 0.9 ± 0.1c 0.7 ± 0.0c 0.5 ± 0.0c Aqueous ethanol extract (50 mg/kg) 1.2 ± 0.1b 1.3 ± 0.1c 0.8 ± 0.1c 0.7 ± 0.1c 0.6 ± 0.0c Aqueous ethanol extract (100 mg/kg) 1.1 ± 0.1c 1.2 ± 0.0c 0.8 ± 0.0c 0.6 ± 0.0c 0.6 ± 0.0c Aqueous ethanol extract (200 mg/kg) 0.9 ± 0.0c 1.1 ± 0.0c 0.7 ± 0.0c 0.5 ± 0.0c 0.4 ± 0.0c Hexane fraction (50 mg/kg) 1.2 ± 0.1ns 1.4 ± 0.1c 1.2 ± 0.1c 1.0 ± 0.1c 0.9 ± 0.1c Hexane fraction (100 mg/kg) 1.1 ± 0.0b 1.3 ± 0.0c 1.0 ± 0.1c 0.9 ± 0.1c 0.8 ± 0.1c Hexane fraction (200 mg/kg) 1.0 ± 0.1c 1.2 ± 0.0c 0.9 ± 0.1c 0.8 ± 0.1c 0.7 ± 0.0c Butanol fraction (50 mg/kg) 1.1 ± 0.1c 1.3 ± 0.1c 1.0 ± 0.1c 0.9 ± 0.1c 0.8 ± 0.0c Butanol fraction (100 mg/kg) 0.9 ± 0.1c 1.2 ± 0.1c 0.8 ± 0.1c 0.7 ± 0.1c 0.6 ± 0.1c Butanol fraction (200 mg/kg) 0.9 ± 0.1c 1.1 ± 0.0c 0.7 ± 0.0c 0.6 ± 0.0c 0.5 ± 0.0c Aqueous fraction (50 mg/kg) 1.0 ± 0.1c 1.2 ± 0.1c 0.9 ± 0.1c 0.8 ± 0.0c 0.7 ± 0.0c Aqueous fraction (100 mg/kg) 0.9 ± 0.0c 1.1 ± 0.0c 0.8 ± 0.1c 0.7 ± 0.0c 0.7 ± 0.0c Aqueous fraction (200 mg/kg) 0.8 ± 0.0c 1.1 ± 0.1c 0.7 ± 0.0c 0.6 ± 0.0c 0.5 ± 0.0c Data is represented as mean ± SEM (n = 5) analyzed by Two-way ANOVA and p<0.05 was considered as significant as compared to arthritic control. Hexane fraction 200 mg/kg 5.1 ± 0.2c 5.8 ± 0.1c 5.5 ± 0.0c 4.9 ± 0.2c 5.0 ± 0.1c Butanol Fraction 50mg/kg 5.5 ± 0.1a 5.8 ± 0.3c 5.0 ± 0.2c 4.9 ± 0.0c 4.8 ± 0.2c Butanol fraction 100 mg/kg 4.9 ± 0.2c 5.2 ± 0.1c 4.7 ± 0.3c 4.3 ± 0.3c 4.1 ± 0.3c Butanol fraction 200 mg/kg 4.8 ± 0.1c 5.0 ± 0.1c 4.4 ± 0.1c 4.1 ± 0.1c 3.7 ± 0.1c Aqueous fraction 50 mg/kg 5.2 ± 0.2c 5.7±0.2c 4.8 ± 0.1c 4.6 ± 0.2c 4.2 ± 0.1c Aqueous fraction 100 mg/kg 4.8 ± 0.0c 5.0 ± 0.1c 4.7 ± 0.0c 4.2 ± 0.2c 3.8 ± 0.2c Aqueous fraction 200 mg 4.6 ± 0.2c 4.8 ± 0.1c 4.0 ± 0.1c 3.9 ± 0.1c 3.4 ± 0.0c Keywords: 0.0c; 0.1c; arthritis; extract; fraction; orientalis

• Pattern of skin bacteria in palmar arsenical keratosis by Khalil, Nadia Bintha; Misbahuddin, Mir; Sattar, Abu Naser Ibne (2016) - Abstract The aim of the present study was to examine the involvement of skin bacteria in the pathogenesis of keratosis. Pattern of skin bacteria in pal- mar arsenical keratosis. Keywords: arsenic; arsenicosis; keratosis; palm; skin; spp

• Cytotoxic activity of Centrosema molle leaf aqueous extracts by Interino, Jawhar O.; Alombro, Nancy C.; de Vera, Peter Jan D. (2023) - This preliminary study will help establish the dosage or concentration that will be used for future studies involving the biological activities of C. molle extract in both in vitro and in vivo setups. C. molle extract was prepared by suspending 30 g of C. molle leaf powder in 100 mL of deionized water, then was heated at a 60°C water bath (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA). Keywords: brine; concentration; extract; molle; percent

• Isolation of mouse internal organs for molecular and histopathological studies by Bajpai, Vivek K.; Rather, Irfan A.; Kim, Kangmin (2016) - There is a growing trend of using animal tissues for drug discovery research (Deng et al., 2016). Petri dishes  Freezer (-80˚C) for preservation of animal tissue slides until further analysis PREPARATION OF REAGENTS Phosphate buffer solution 1x (pH 7.4) NaCl 8 g KCl 0.2 g Na2HPO4 1.44 g KH2PO4 0.24 g Make volume 1 liter and mix well and autoclave. Keywords: animals; diseases; isolation; organs; tissue

• Use of guanine-modified glassy carbon electrode as an electrochemical sensor for the determination of paracetamol by Islamoglu, Nesim; Demir Mulazımoglu, Aysen (2023) - Uzun D, Calam T. Electrochemical behavior and ultrasensitive, simple and effective voltammetric determination of acetami- nophen using modified glassy carbon electrode based on 4- hydroxyquinoline-3-carboxylic acid. Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2023; 18: 97-104 103 Author Info Ayen Demir Mulazımoglu (Principal contact) e-mail: admulazimoglu@erbakan.edu.tr Mohamed E, Mahmoud A, Nashat N, El‑Mosallamy S. Fabri- cation of novel electropolymerized conductive polymer of hydrophobic perfuorinated aniline as transducer layer on glassy carbon electrode: Keywords: carbon; determination; electrochemical; electrode; et al; glassy; mulazımoglu; paracetamol; peak; rate; sensor

• Synthesis of 4-aryl-2,6-dimethyl-3,5-bis-N-(aryl)-carbamoyl-1,4-dihydropyridines as novel skin protecting and anti-aging agents by Saeed, Aamer; Shahzad, Danish; Larik, Fayaz Ali; Channar, Pervaiz Ali; Mahfooz, Haroon; Abbas, Qamar; Hassan, Mubashir; Raza, Hussain; Seo, Sung-Yum; Shabir, Ghulam (2017) - Elastase inhibition activity assay The elastase inhibitory potency of synthetic compounds was determined by Thongyoo et al., 2009 method with some changes. Elastase enzyme degrades the elastin, hence inhibition of elastase activity can serve as an efficient way to protect skin aging. Keywords: dmso; elastase; mhz; nmr; ppm; skin

• Hydrogen sulfide-mediated cardioprotection against ischemia reperfusion is linked to KATP channel for mitochondrial preservation but not for its distinct preference on interfibrillar mitochondria by Chandrasekaran, Priyadharshini; Ravindran, Sriram; Boovarahan, Sri Rahavi; Kurian, Gino A. (2019) - Isolated rat hearts were treated with mitochondrial KATP channel closer glibenclamide (10 μM)/opener diazoxide (0.8 mM) via Langendorff perfusion apparatus before ischemia-reperfusion. This was well in agreement with previous work by Pomerantz et al, who showed tran- sient opening of mitochondrial KATP channel with diazoxide provided protection to human atrial trabe- culae against ischemia-reperfusion injury and a loss of cardioprotection was observed when diazoxide treat- ment was clubbed with ischemic preconditioning, due to the continuous opening of the potassium channel (Pomerantz et al., 2000). Keywords: channel; diazoxide; gli; heart; hipc; hydrogen; injury; ischemia; katp; min; mitochondria; normal; reperfusion; subsarcolemmal; sulfide

• Imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation in mouse model by Rather, Irfan Ahmad; Bajpai, Vivek K.; Han, Jonghun; Nam, Gyeong-Jun (2016) - First two authors contributed equally First Published: 1 October, 2016 DOI: 10.3329/bjp.v11i4.28662 ABSTRACT Psoriasis is a skin disorder characterized by skin inflammation and plaques. Imiquimod- induced skin inflammation in animal model resembles with psoriasis. Keywords: imiquimod; model; psoriasis; skin
• Mouse model of DNCB-induced atopic dermatitis by Hamad, Alshammari Fanar; Han, Jong-Hun; Rather, Irfan Ahmad (2017) - The advantages of using mouse model for atopic dermatitis are: a) Small size;, b) Relatively low housing cost; c) Short generation time; d) large number of offspring; e) The criteria for mouse models of atopic dermatitis include clinical symptoms (dryness, scaling, erythema, erosion and excoriation), pruritus (scratching behavior), elevation of total and specific IgE and increased mast cells in the upper dermis (Matsuoka et al., 2003). Keywords: atopic; dermatitis; dncb; model; mouse; skin

• Histopathological analysis of 2,4,5-trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (TNBS)-induced mouse colitis by Choi, Kang-Ho; Hyeonju, Hong; Rather, Irfan A. (2016) - 2,4,5-trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (TNBS)- induced ulcerative colitis is one of the best The animal model of ulcerative colitis resembles to that of human. Therefore, histological analysis of ulcerative colitis tissue is one of the basic diagnostic requirements. Keywords: colitis; ethanol; hour; paraffin; room; temperature

• Isolation of a broad spectrum antibiotic producer bacterium, Pseudoalteromonas piscicida PG-02, from the Persian Gulf by Darabpour, Esmaeil; Roayaei Ardakani, Mohammad; Motamedi, Hossein; Ronagh, Mohammad Taghi (2011) - In this study, of 49 marine isolates only one bacterium that was isolated from sediment showed antibacterial activity; so, this result can confirm the hypothesis mentioned above about antibiotic producer marine bacteria that imply on particle-inhabited bacteria had broader-spectrum ability in antibiotic production than free-live bacteria (Long et al., 2001). Rosnfeld and Zobell, in 1947, were reported the first document of antibiotic producing marine bacterium (McCarthy et al., 1994). Keywords: antibiotic; atcc; bacteria; bacterium; clinical; growth; marine; mrsa; pg-02; piscicida; pseudoalteromonas; r r

• Alpha-glucosidase inhibitory effect and enzyme kinetics of coastal medicinal plants by Gurudeeban, Selvaraj; Satyavani, Kaliyamurthi; Ramanathan, Thirugnanasambandam (2012) - Coastal medicinal plants also engage in recreation to treat diabetes, particularly where most people have limited resources and do not have access to modern treatment (Ramanathan, 2000). Therefore, in the present study we evaluated alpha glucosidase inhibitory effect of coastal medicinal plants on Saccharomyces cerevisiae -glucosidase to control postprandial hyperglycemia. Keywords: colocynthis; enzyme; glucosidase; inhibitors; plants

• Synthesis and anticonvulsant activity of Schiff’s bases of 3-{[2-({(E)-[(substituted) phenyl] methylidene} amino) ethyl] amino} quinoxalin-2(1H)-one by Ghadage, Ratnadeep V.; Shirote, Pramod J. (2011) - 7.867(s,1H,Ar-H), 7.609(t,1H, Ar-H), 6.96-7.647(d,2H, Ar-H). 3-{[2-({(E)-[3, 4-(dimethylamino) phenyl] methylidene} amino)ethyl]amino}quinoxalin-2(1H)-one (IIIh): m.p. = 177° C, molecular formula (C19H21N5O); IR: 3417, 3060, 2951, 1694, 1638, 1617, 1511, 1384, 1494, 1373, 858, 806; 1H- NMR (CDCl3):, δ ppm; 8.602(s,1H,NH), 7.608(d,2H,Ar- H ) ,7 .0 8 7 ( t , 2 H, Ar - H) ,3 .8 3 2 (s ,1 H ,N H ) , 2 .5 1 1 (m,2H,CH2),2.832(t,2H,CH2),9.672(s,1H,-CH=N-),6.702 (d,2H,Ar-H), 6.583(d,2H,Ar-H), 3.095(s,3H,CH3). Quinoxaline derivatives also synthesized from amino acids (Faham et al., 2002). Keywords: amino; n h; quinoxalin-2(1h)-one; synthesis

• Degradation behavior of theophylline/chitosan/β-cyclodextrin microspheres for pulmonary drug delivery by Wang, Li; Yang, Tingting; Ju, Weiping; Ren, Ming; Feng, Zhanqin; Zheng, Zengjuan; Hu, Zhenbo; Liu, Yuqing; Zhang, Weifen (2016) - Figure 4: In vitro degradation curves of microspheres system in 0.2 mg/mL lysozyme solutions (mean ± SD, n=5) 25 KV 900 X 100 µM KYKY: 2800B SEM SN: 0602 25 KV 3.50 KX 10 µM KYKY: 2800B SEM SN: 0600 Figure 5: SEM of MS B degradation in 0.2 mg/mL lysozyme solutions after 12 weeks S120 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2016; 11: S116-S122 solution (Figure 1 and Figure 4). Then the specimens were weighed, and the degree of degradation was estimated from degradation rate of microspheres as following equation: Where M0 is the initial weight of the microspheres and Mt is the weight of the microspheres after the incubation Keywords: cts; degradation; figure; lysozyme; microspheres; weeks; weight

• Synthesis of some pyrazolone derivatives from ciprofloxacin and study of their cytotoxicity by Devnath, Hari Pado; Islam, Md. Rabiul (2010) - Rf values (CHCHMeOH =9:1) Color of compounds 1a 88 215 0.74 White 1b 82 203 0.73 Yellow 1c 88 220 0.69 White brown Table II Cytotoxicity activity (IC50, after 4 hours) of synthesized compounds against brine shrimps Tested compounds Concentration of sample (µg/mL) % of mortality IC50 (in gg/mL) Remarks 1 0.1 63.6 0.04 Moderately active 0.1 81.8 0.2 80.0 1.0 80.0 1a 0.1 71.4 0.02 Highly active 0.1 76.7 0.2 78.9 1.0 80.0 1b 0.1 81.8 0.02 Very highly active 0.1 81.8 0.2 90.0 1.0 100.0 1c 0.1 80.0 0.02 Highly active 0.1 88.9 0.2 88.9 1.0 100.0 IC50: 0.01-0.02, very highly active; IC50: 0.02-0.03, highly active; IC50: 0.03-0.04 moderately active; IC50: 0.04-0.05, Active; IC50: >45, weakly active Author Info Md. The resulting spectral data analyses of synthesized compounds: Compound 1a: IR (vmax, KBr, cm-1): 3200.6 cm-1(s, sh, VN- H); 3070 cm-1((s, sh, VC-H, aromatic); 920 cm-1(s, sh, VC-H, aromatic, out of plane); 2961 cm-1(w, sh, VC-H CH2); 1447.5 and 1378 cm-1(s, sh, vC-H bending, CH2); 1612 and 1490 cm-1(s, sh, vc-c, aromatic); 1604 cm-1(s, sh, VC-N); 1700 cm-1(s, sh, VC=O, lactam), 1576 cm-1(s, sh, VN -H, bending); 1652 cm-1(m, VC=C, alkene); 1028 cm-1(s, sh, vc- N amine); 858 cm-1(s, br., VN-H, wagging); 752 cm -1(s, sh, VC-F ). Keywords: aromatic; ciprofloxacin; cm-1(s; derivatives

• Growth inhibitory effect of ethanolic neem leaves extract on Klebsiella, Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus by Banna, Quazi Rubyath; Parveen, Feroza; Iqbal, Md. Jalaluddin (2014) - Phytochemical studies and screening of leaf extracts of Azadirachta indica for its anti-microbial activity against dental pathogens. Antimicrobial activity in leaf extract of neem (Azadirachta indica Linn.). Keywords: aureus; extract; growth; klebsiella; neem; salmonella

• Involvement of bone-specific alkaline phosphatase and procollagen I carboxy-terminal propeptide as predictors of early fracture risk in Chinese children with juvenile osteoporosis: An interventional clinical trial by Wang, Yu; Zhao, Jingxin; Kong, Lingwei; Jin, Yu (2018) - Abstract This clinical trial was designed to understand whether the children with juvenile osteoporosis receiving tablet containing vitamin D and calcium had lower incidence of bone fracture compared to the children receiving a diet rich in calcium, vitamin D, and protein. The results suggested that therapeutic intervention (vitamin D and calcium) does not predict bone fracture in children. Keywords: bone; calcium; children; fracture; osteoporosis; trial; vitamin

• Evaluation of antimicrobial activities of extracts of endophytic fungi from Artemisia annua by Zhang, Huawei; Bai, Xuelian; Wu, Baixu (2012) - Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Research Article Evaluation of antiEvaluation of antiEvaluation of anti---microbial activi-microbial activi-microbial activi- ties of extracts of endophytic fungi ties of extracts of endophytic fungi ties of extracts of endophytic fungi from from from Artemisia annuaArtemisia annuaArtemisia annua BJP Introduction Infectious diseases are the world’s leading cause of premature deaths, killing almost 50 thousand people every day. 20 June 2012 Accepted: 23 June 2012 Available Online: 1 July 2012 DOI: 10.3329/bjp.v7i2.10951 Cite this article: Zhang H, Bai X, Wu B. Evaluation of anti-microbial activities of extracts of endophytic fungi from Artemisia an- nua. Keywords: + +; annua; aspergillus; fungi; zhang
• Isolation and antifungal screening of endophytic fungi from Erigeron canadensis by Bai, Xuelian; Zhou, Ting; Lai, Tongfei; Li, Yicong; Chai, Jiale; Ni, Jiajun; Zhang, Huawei (2017) - Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Research Article Isolation and antifungal screening Isolation and antifungal screening Isolation and antifungal screening of endophytic fungi from of endophytic fungi from of endophytic fungi from Erigeron Erigeron Erigeron canadensiscanadensiscanadensis BJP Introduction Fungal infection is an important life-threatening dis- ease, which annually causes the death of millions of people (Xie et al., 2014) and the great loss of crop production (Bennett et al., 2012). Suppression of gastric ulcer in mice by administration of Erigeron canadensis extract. Keywords: + +; antifungal; canadensis; erigeron; fungi; strains
• Antimicrobial evaluation of the crude extract of symbiotic fungi from marine sponge Reniera japonica by Bai, Xuelian; Dong, Menglian; Lai, Tongfei; Zhang, Huawei (2018) - I Antimicrobial effects of symbiotic fungal strains from Reniera japonica Strain No. Zhang Y, Mu J, Feng Y, Kang Y, Zhang J, Gu PJ, Wang Y, Ma LF, Zhu YH. Keywords: fungi; japonica; l14; marine; sponge

• In vitro antiviral activity of Lactobacillus plantarum using SPF embryonated eggs and hemagglutination assay by Majumder, Rajib; Rather, Irfan A.; Bajpai, Vivek K.; Park, Yong-Ha (2015) - Therefore, high yield titer of viral stocks obtained from SPF chicken eggs, has resulted in its extensive use in research laborites especially in drug and vaccine production. Avian influenza viruses replicated in embryonated chicken eggs. Keywords: chicken; egg; eggs; influenza; virus

• A novel approach for locating mice brain regions of Cryptococcus neoformans CNS invasion by He, Chunting; Chen, Qingfen; Zhu, Longkun (2016) - After 7 days of GFP-tagged C. neoformans H99 (A, B) intratracheal inoculation, H99 could be found in regions of M1-M2 and CPu (C, Bregma 0.74), and in regions of SLu, CA1, RSA-V2MM-V2ML-V1-V2L, LMol-Mol, and DLG-LPLR-LPMR (D, Bregma -2.18 mm). C. neoformans are commonly acquired by inhalation (Day et al., 2013; Jarvis et al., 2009). Keywords: brain; cns; cryptococcus; gfp; h99; neoformans; regions

• Implication of ermCX gene of Corynebacterium striatum in macrolide resistance in Beijing, China by Li, Wei; Zhang, Zheng (2013) - Abstract To study the resistance mechanism of Corynebacterium striatum clinical isolates to macrolide antibiotic, 57 strains of C. striatum clinical isolates were detected by susceptibility testing, PCR amplification and DNA sequencing. Among the 57 strains of C. striatum isolates, 9 strains with ermCX gene were screened out，the detection rate was 15.8% (9/57). Keywords: azithromycin; ermcx; erythromycin; gene; macrolide; resistance; strains; striatum
• Chemical composition and antimicrobial properties of different basil essential oils chemotypes from Togo by Koba, Koffi; Poutouli, P. W.; Raynaud, Christine; Chaumont, Jean-Pierre; Sanda, Komla (2008) - Bactericidal activities of plant essential oils and some of their isolated constituents against Campylobacter jejuni, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella enterica. The high antifungal activity of this basil oil chemotype on those pathogenic fungi like dermatophytes, filamentous fungi and yeasts confirmed the excellent fungal growth inhibition properties previously reported as a characteristic of essential oils rich in methyleugenol and/or other phenol derivatives (Chaumont and Leger, 1989). Keywords: anethole; basil; basilicum; chemotype; composition; estragole; et al; methyleugenol; oils; strains; togo

• Antibacterial activity of phenolic compounds from Terminalia arjuna against multidrug resistant E. coli isolated from meat shop by Sasikumar, Kandasamy; Pavithra, M.; Ghosh, Asit Ranjan (2017) - Antibacterial activity of phenolic compounds from Ter- minalia arjuna against multidrug resistant E. coli isolated from meat shop. Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2017; 12: 371-372 372 Table II Antibiotic potential of phenolic compounds against multidrug resistant E. coli strains Concentration (µg/well) Zone of Inhibition (mm) PV3 PV8 PV31 PV32 PV34 62.5 14 13 15 12 14 125 15 15 16 14 15 250 17 17 19 19 18 500 18 18 20 20 19 mailto:cidcvit@gmail.com DatePrinted: This article was downloaded by you on: Oct 12, 2017 Keywords: coli; multidrug

• In silico molecular mechanism of cannabigerol as a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor by Shah, Muhammad Abdullah; Abdullah, Syed Muhammad; Khan, Muhammad Azim; Amin, Hazrat; Roohullah, . (2013) - In the current investigation, molecular docking simulations were performed to explore its binding mode and is molecular interactions with the ligand binding site of COX-2 enzyme. In the present investigation, cannabigerol revealed Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2013; 8: 410-413 411 Figure 1: Chemical structure of cannabigerol Figure 2: Binding mode of cannabigerol penetrated deeply into active site of COX-2 enzyme promising molecular interactions with important components of the active site of COX-2 enzyme, which proved its significant COX-2 and inflammation inhibi- tory effects. Keywords: cannabigerol; cox-2; enzyme; interactions

• Estimation of aflatoxins in peanut or maize by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay by Shukla, Shruti (2016) - The results for the quantitative analysis of aflatoxin levels, determined in tested peanut and maize (corn) food product samples by veratox total aflatoxin test kit (enzyme immunoassay), were in the range of 2.2- 11.2 μg/kg. This study reports step-by-step visual demonstration of determination of aflatoxin contents in peanut and maize (corn)-based food samples through employing enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Keywords: aflatoxin; food; samples; wells
• Simultaneous detection and quantification of different biogenic amines by Kumar, Vishal; Bahuguna, Ashutosh; Kim, Myunghee (2022) - Besides this, the abundance of biogenic amines in food is recognized as a toxin and anti-nutritional element that have several health implications. This visual experiment demonstrates all the critical steps required for the extraction of biogenic amines followed by derivatization and high performance liquid chromatography analysis for the successive detection and quantification of biogenic amines such as histamine, cadaverine, tryptamine, agmatine, putrescine, 2-phenylethylamine, spermine, tyramine, and spermidine. Keywords: amines; biogenic; chloride; detection; food; histamine

• Consumption patterns of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs by the community without prescription in Dhaka City by Samad, Md. Khoshroz (2008) - The total cost of purchased NSAIDs per encounter were ‘less than Tk. 5’ (6.9%); ‘5 to less Tk. 10’ (45.4%); which were almost half of total encounters; Tk. 10-25 (32.5%) and ‘more than Tk. 25’ (12.2%) (Table II). Education status of the encounters 'below S.S.C.' (38.0%); S.S.C qualified (16.8%); H.S.C.(25.0%) ‘graduate’ (11.2%); post-graduate (9.0%) were observed. Keywords: drugs; encounters; nsaids; prescription; study; total
• Evaluation of prescribing pattern of the private practitioners by the undergraduate medical students by Rahman, Zaida; Nazneen, Rumana; Begum, Mahmuda (2008) - Bridging the gap between clinical pharmacology and rational drug prescribing. A survey had revealed that medical students felt the need for more teaching of therapeutics in the undergraduate medical curriculum (Ward and Miolszweski, 2002). Keywords: drugs; medical; prescribing; prescriptions; students
• Prescribing pattern of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs at outpatient departments of teaching hospitals by Rahman, Md. Shamsur; Begum, Zinnat Ara; Samad, Md. Khoshroz (2007) - Average cost of prescribed drugs per prescription in the medical outpatient departments were Tk. 149.4, 166.7, 339.6 and the surgical outpatient departments were 157.2, 177.7, 230.6 respectively of DMCH, BSMMUH and PH (Table V). Bennett PN, Brown MJ. Inflammation, arthritis and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Keywords: departments; dmch; drugs; medical; nsaids; outpatient

• Cardiotonic effects of Terminalia arjuna extracts on guinea pig heart in vitro by Haq, A. M. Mujibul; Huque, Md. Mahbubul; Chaudhury, Shah Abdur Rahman; Haque, Mohammad Nurul (2012) - The comparative effects of normal saline and bark extract of T. arjuna on guinea pig heart contraction in vitro are presented in Table II. Since the studies in mice showing its leaves to have analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties, T. arjuna has found its way in traditional/alternative medicine for treatment of a wide range of human ailments. Keywords: arjuna; bark; extract; fruit; guinea; heart

• Antibacterial and anti-hemolytic activity of tannins from Pimenta dioica against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus by Al-Harbi, Reham; Al-wegaisi, Razan; Moharram, Fatma; Shaaban, Mona; Abd El-Rahman, Ola (2017) - Effect of tested compounds on hemolysin production The effect of the compounds on hemolysin released by S. aureus was determined by adding tannins in a sub- MIC concentration (1/2 MIC) to S. aureus cultures. S. aureus are opportunistic pathogens as they can invade human body and cause a wide variety of acute and chronic infections. Keywords: aureus; isolates; mrsa; r r; r s; s s; tannins

• Purification of bacteriocins using size-exclusion chromatography by Bajpai, Vivek K.; Rather, Irfan A.; Hamad, Alshammari Fanar (2016) - Before adding sample to dialysis membrane, it is highly recommended to wash the membrane with ultrapure water or buffer for at least 30 min to remove contaminants such as sulfur, heavy metals and glycerol to avoid any possible effects of these components on sample. There are some critical points to take care of during ammonium sulfate precipitation. Keywords: buffer; dialysis; membrane; sample

• Isolation of isosativenetriol from endophytic fungus Cochliobolus spp. of Aerva lanata by Shoba, Sundaramoorthy; Sasikumar, Kandasamy; Sathiavelu, Mythili (2018) - Isolation of isosativenetriol from endophy- tic fungus Cochliobolus spp. of Aerva lanata Sir, Endophytic fungi produce variety of secondary meta- bolites with novel structures and some of these bio- active compounds possess interesting biological activi- ties. Acetone soluble fraction; B) Dried acetone fraction (pink oily); C) Struc- ture of isosativenetriol (1) Keywords: acetone; cochliobolus; endophytic; fungus; isosativenetriol; spp

• Thrombolytic activity of the ethanolic extract of Vitis vinifera seeds by Varadharajan, Venkatramanan; Shanmugam, Sethupathi; Ramaswamy, Arulvel (2015) - Grape seed extract (GSE) is derived from whole grape seed and it is used as a nutraceutical agent (Zhu et al., 2015). For further thrombolytic experiments, the extract solution was prepared by dissolving 0.5 g of grape seed extract in 50 mL of 80% ethanol (10 mg/mL). Keywords: clot; extract; grape; seed

• Determination of eight lignans in Schisandra chinensis and Schisandra sphenanthera by Guangyu, Xu; Jiamu, Niu; Guangxin, Yuan; Yu, Bai; Hongyu, Li; Yu, Sheng; Zitong, Li (2016) - The established content determination method was simple, sensitive, accurate and stable, and can be used to control the quality of S. chinensis and S. sphenanthera. In this study, a simple, rapid and sensitive HPLC method has been developed for the simultaneous quantitative analysis of eight lignans in S. chinensis and S. sphenanthera, and the content of eight active lignan components in 15 batch of S. chinensis and 5 batch of S. Sphenanthera were determined in this method. Keywords: chinensis; lignans; method; schisandrin; sphenanthera

• Evaluation of ?-glucosidase inhibition of Drimia nagarjunae, a medicinal plant from South India by Alluri, Narendranath; Majumdar, Mala (2015) - Bangladesh J Pharmacol. 2015; 10: 635-36. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report on α-glucosidase inhibitory A Journal of the Bangladesh Pharmacological Society (BDPS) Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2015; 10: 635-636 Journal homepage: www.banglajol.info Abstracted/indexed in Academic Search Complete, Agroforestry Abstracts, Asia Journals Online, Bangladesh Journals Online, Biological Abstracts, BIOSIS Previews, CAB Abstracts, Current Abstracts, Directory of Open Access Journals, EMBASE/Excerpta Medica, Google Scholar, HINARI (WHO), International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, Open J-gate, Science Citation Index Expanded, SCOPUS and Social Sciences Citation Index ISSN: 1991-0088; DOI: 10.3329/bjp.v10i3.23860 Letter to the Editor Figure 1: α-Glucosidase inhibitory activity of D. nagarjunae activity of D. nagarjunae. Keywords: glucosidase; nagarjunae

• Computational analyses on delineating specificity of 2-hydroxy-3,5-dinitrobenzamide, a BH3-mimetic, towards anti-apoptotic proteins by Sivakumar, Dakshinamurthy; Hari, Natarajan; Sivaraman, Thirunavukkarasu (2014) - Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Research Article Computational analyses on delineat- ing specificity of 2-hydroxy-3,5- dinitrobenzamide, a BH3-mimetic, towards anti-apoptotic proteins BJP Introduction Apoptosis is tightly regulated by intrinsic pathway activated by Bcl-2 family proteins present in the mitochondrial membrane and anti-apoptotic proteins of the Bcl-2 family are important cancer biomarkers as they are over expressed in all types of cancers (Kelly and Strasser, 2011). Therefore, administration of anti-cancer drugs interacting with anti-apoptotic proteins exhibiting no over expression may presumably cause some adverse effect (such as lymphopenia, thrombocytopaenia and anemia) to cancer patients. Keywords: bcl; bcl-2; bh3; grooves; hdnb; mcl-1; proteins; sivaraman

• Troponin I level in risk stratification of non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction in smokers by Shahriar, Iram; Sobhan, Shahina; Islam, Ziarrat (2011) - Smokers showed higher major cardiac events (71.8%) compared to non-smokers (10.8%). Cardiac troponin Keywords: infarction; myocardial; non; smoker; troponin

• Professionalism of future medical professionals in Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Malaysia by Salam, Abdus; Yousuf, Rabeya; Islam, Md. Zakirul; Yesmin, Farida; Helali, Asadul Mazid; Alattraqchi, Ahmed G.; Rao, U.S. Mahadeva; Haque, Mainul (2013) - One of the three essential doctrines of the “Charter of medical professionalism” in the new millennium is the belief of patient sovereignty: “Physicians must empower their patients to make informed decisions about their treatment” (Medical professionalism in the new millennium: A physician charter, 2002). Medical professionalism has been particularly challenging to outline and remains poorly understood (Riley and Kumar, 2012). Keywords: cruess; education; et al; medical; medicine; new; physicians; professionalism; role; salam; students; study; year

• Cytotoxicity study of some indophenines and isatin derivatives by Hoque, Md. Mahbubul; Islam, Md. Rabiul (2008) - Again, indophenines 5a and 5b were prepared by the reaction between isatin and thiazol in the molar ratio of 2:1 in A Journal of the Bangladesh Pharmacological Society (BDPS) Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2008; 3: 21-26 Journal homepage: www.banglajol.info Abstracted/indexed in Academic Search Complete, Asia Journals Online, Bangladesh Journals Online, Biological Abstracts, BIOSIS Previews, CAB Abstracts, Current Abstracts, Directory of Open Access Journals, EMBASE/Excerpta Medica, Google Scholar, HINARI (WHO), International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, Open J-gate, Science Citation Index Expanded, SCOPUS and Social Sciences Citation Index; ISSN: 1991-0088 Bangladesh J Pharmacol. Keywords: c c; cm-1

• Alpha-tocopherol reduces oxidative stress in perinatal asphyxia by Karim, Rashidul; Mannan, M. A. (2006) - α-Tocopherol reduces oxidative stress in perinatal asphyxia Rashidul Karim and M. A. Mannan Department of Pediatrics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Shahbag, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. There is no comparable data regarding the role of α-tocopherol in the treatment of oxidative stress in perinatal asphyxia. Keywords: asphyxia; gsh; neonates; tocopherol

• Gastro-protective effect of ethanolic extract of Mentha longifolia in alcohol- and aspirin-induced gastric ulcer models by Gul, Humaira; Abbas, Khizar; Qadir, Muhammad Imran (2015) - Gastric mucosa of alcohol (1 mL of 80%)-induced ulcer have shown intramucosal hemorrhages and aspirin (200 mg/kg) induced ulcer has shown striking necrosis of mucosal cells with associated hemorrhages (Figure 1). Normal saline 2 mL/kg 3.7 ± 0.1 - Group 2 (Standard) Ranitidine 20 mg/kg 0.8 ± 0.0b 78.2 ± 1.4b Group 3 (Alcohol- induced ulcer) Keywords: extract; longifolia; qadir; ulcer

• Trichoderma harzianum : A new fungal source for the production of cyclosporin A by Azam, Asma; Anjum, Tehmina; Irum, Wajiha (2012) - Although cyclosporin A was initially developed as an antifungal antibiotic (Deo et al., 1984), it is currently prescribed as one of the most important immunosuppressive drugs for the treatment of organ transplants, as well as patients with auto- immune diseases, including AIDS, owing to its superior T-cell specificity and low levels of myelotoxicity (Borel, 1986). A analysis Level of cyclosporin A in the crude extract was analy- zed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Keywords: cyclosporin; medium; peak; production; trichoderma

• Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of leaf extract of Kydia calycina Roxb. by Bhukya, Baburao; Anreddy, Rama Narsimha Reddy; William, Carey M.; Gottumukkala, Krishna Mohan (2009) - The number of writhing and stretching was recorded and the % was calculated using the following ratio: % of protection= (Control mean—Treated mean)/Control mean x 100 Screening for anti-inflammatory activity by rat paw edema method The normal paw volumes of all the rats were measured initially and were divided into four groups each consists of six animals treated orally with the vehicle as control (2% gum acacia), standard diclofenac sodium (20 mg/kg) and methanol extract (200 and 400 mg/kg) respectively. Diclofenac Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2009; 4: 101-104 103 Table I Effect of methanol extract of K. calycina on the hot plate test in mice Group Reaction time after administration of control/ standard/extract in sec 0 Keywords: analgesic; calycina; extract; paw

• Brine shrimp lethality assay by Sarah, Quazi Sahely; Anny, Fatema Chowdhury; Misbahuddin, Mir (2017) - Among them, brine shrimp lethality test is the simplest one, low cost and effective. The present study shows that hatched nauplii is unique for the preliminary cytotoxicity study. Keywords: brine; eggs; nauplii; shrimp

• Anti-inflammatory activity of 9-hydroxycanthin-6-one extracted from hairy-root cultures of Eurycoma longifolia potentially via aryl hydrocarbon receptor induction by Tran, Minh Duc; Tran, Trang ; Nguyen, Ngan; Chu, Ha; Nakahama, Taisuke ; Nguyen, Nam (2022) - This study aimed to accelerate 9-hydroxycanthin-6-one production from E. longifolia hairy root cultures and to test its anti-inflammatory activity in RAW264.7 macrophage cell line. There was growth of hairy root and accumulation of 9- hydroxycathin-6-one in Murashige and Skoog (MS), Shenck and Hildebrandt (SH), and McCown’s woody plant (WP) liquid culture media supplemented with 3% (w/v) of sucrose. Keywords: longifolia; nguyen

• Brine shrimp cytotoxicity potential of alpha-mangostin and dulxanthone D from Garcinia mangostana by Sasikumar, Kandasamy; Ghosh, Asit Ranjan (2019) - In another report, the methanolic and ethyl acetate extract of α-mangosteen pericarp exhibited significant brine shrimp cytotoxicity with LC50 values of 153.88 and 161.75 µg/mL respec- tively after 24 hours (Ngawhirunpat et al., 2010). Kandasamy Sasikumar and Asit Ranjan Ghosh Department of Integrative Biology, School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, India Corresponding author: email: asitranjanghosh@vit.ac.in References Apu A, Muhit M, Tareq S, Pathan A, Jamaluddin A, Ahmed M. Antimicrobial activity and brine shrimp lethality bioassay of the leaves extract of Dillenia indica Linn. Keywords: brine; cytotoxicity; mangostana; shrimp

• Diuretic activity of Coccinia grandis in rats by Gupta, Randhir K.; Mishra, Anurag (2015) - Diuretic activity of coccinia grandis in rats Sir, Coccinia grandis Linn (Family: Cucurbitaceae) is a climbing herb, growing wild throughout India. Shade dried fruits of C. grandis were powdered to get a coarse powder. Keywords: grandis; urine

• Occurrence of curcuminoids in Curcuma longa: A quality standardization by HPTLC by Paramasivam, M.; Aktar, Md. Wasim; Poi, R.; Banerjee, H.; Bandyopadhyay, A. (2008) - Curcumin, demethoxycurcumin and bis-demetho- xycurcumin, three major pharmacologically important curcuminoids, have been isolated from C. longa (Gupta et al., 1999) and has been shown to possess anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic, anti-mutagenic, anti-fungal, anti-viral and anti-cancer activity (Chatto- padhyay et al., 2004; Conclusion The HPTLC method for the simultaneous analysis of curcumin, demethoxycurcumin and bis-demethoxy- curcumin from C. longa reported here is very simple, sensitive, economic and suitable for rapid screening of large number of plant samples. Keywords: bis; curcuma; curcuminoids; demethoxycurcumin; hptlc; longa

• Visual demonstration of transmission electron microscopy for intracellular observation of a single bacterial cell by Shukla, Shruti; Bajpai, Vivek K. (2017) - [We can adjust the concentration of bacterial cell culture as per the image requirement as if we require a bunch of bacterial cells, use high concentration of pellet and if required single or separated bacterial cells, dilute the pellet in 0.05M PBS buffer (pH 7.4). Bacterial sample preparation of TEM 1. Keywords: electron; microscopy; sample; tem; transmission

• Synthesis of hydantoin and thiohydantoin related compounds from benzil and study of their cytotoxicity by Liton, A. Kashem; Islam, M. Rabiul (2006) - Mass: m/z (%of relative intensity) 282 (M+.100%), 205 (22%), 180(68%), 165 (50%), 121 (7%), 104 (72%), 77 (49%), 59 (6%), 51 (17%), 39 (3%). 13C-NMR (DMSO): δ 175.19 (C -4); δ 156.36 (C-2); δ 140.27 (C-6); δ 128.87 (C-7); δ 128.39 (C-8); δ 126.93 (C-9); δ 70.56 (C-5). Keywords: aromatic

• Antiulcer activity of hydroalcoholic extract of Ipomoea staphylina plant in rats by Banerjee, Amartya; Firdous, S. M. (2015) - In ethanol induced gastric ulcer, the pretreatment with hydroalcoholic extract of I. staphylina plant showed a dose-dependent reduction in the severity of the lesions. 653 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2015; 10: 652-653 Table II Effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Ipomoea staph- ylina plant against ethanol induced gastric ulcer in rats Groups Treatment Ulcer Index % Protection I Control 74.0 ± 2.4 II Omeprazole (20 mg/kg) 42.0 ± 2.0a 43.2 III Ipomoea staphylina (200 mg/kg) 20.0 ± 3.2a 73.0 IV Ipomoea staphylina (100 mg/kg) 38.0 ± 3.7a 48.6 All values are expressed as mean ± SEM; ap<0.001 when compared with control mailto:firdous.cology@gmail.com DatePrinted: Keywords: extract; staphylina
• In vitro antimutagenic activity of Ipomoea staphylina by Banerjee, Amartya; Mumtaz, Sayeed Mohammed Firdous (2020) - In vitro antimutagenic activity of Ipomoea staphylina Sir, The study of antimutagenic activity gives information which discovers the possibilities for combating the genotoxic risk of mutagens. Thus, I. staphylina possesses antimutagenic activity against 2- nitrofluorene induced base-pair mutation. Keywords: extract; plate; staphylina

• Novel indole derivatives as hepatitis C virus NS5B polymerase inhibitors: Pharmacophore modeling and 3D QSAR studies by Varun, G.; Lokesh, M.; Sandeep, M.; Shahbazi, Sajad; Gade, Deepak Reddy (2014) - In the present investigation we focused on the identification and elucidation of common pharmacophore model from the previously published series of Indole deriva- tives which are having significant inhibitory profile over HCV NS5B (Kevin et al., 2011). The in vitro biological activity data was A Journal of the Bangladesh Pharmacological Society (BDPS) Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2014; 9: 290-297 Journal homepage: www.banglajol.info Abstracted/indexed in Academic Search Complete, Agroforestry Abstracts, Asia Journals Online, Bangladesh Journals Online, Biological Abstracts, BIOSIS Previews, CAB Abstracts, Current Abstracts, Directory of Open Access Journals, EMBASE/Excerpta Medica, Global Health, Google Scholar, HINARI (WHO), International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, Open J-gate, Science Citation Index Expanded, SCOPUS and Social Sciences Citation Index ISSN: 1991-0088 Keywords: hepatitis; ligands; pharmacophore; pic50; polymerase; qsar; set; training

• Cytotoxic phenolic constituents from the leaves of Ehretia asperula by Kim, Dang Dinh; Nguyet, Vu Thi; Anh, Ha Xuan; Trang, Nguyen Thi Thu; Chuyen, Nguyen Hong; Huong, Le Mai; Ha, Tran Thi Hong; Ho, Do Hai; Dat, Nguyen Tien (2019) - Fraction F3 was subjected to fractionation over silica gel column, eluted with dichloromethane-acetone (10/1, v/v) to give three subfractions F3.1-F3.3. Subfraction F3.1 was separated using silica gel column and further purified with C18 column to yield methyl rosmarinate (6) (3.2 mg), oresbiusin B (7) (8.1 mg) and dimethyl lithospermate (8) (100 mg). Keywords: column; ehretia; vietnam

• Cytotoxicity study of reaction products between isatin and furan by Arifuzzaman, Md.; Kandahary, Rafiya Khan; Islam, Md. Rabiul (2009) - Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2009; 4: 96-100 97 N H O O Y 7 6 4 2 35 1 1a-1d 1a : X = H, Y = H 1b : X = Cl, Y = H 1c : X = H Y = Br 1d : X = H, Y=C2H5 O N O H N H O O NH(C2H5)2 Y 1 Y 1'2'2 3'3 4' 4 5' 5 6' 6 7' 7 8 9 2a : X = H, Y = H 2b : X = Cl, Y = H 2c : X = H, Y = Br 2d : X = H, Y=C2H5 2a-2d X XX Scheme 1 N O H N H O O Br Br N O H N H O O ClCl 1 1'2'2 3'3 4' 4 5' 5 6' 6 7' 7 8 9 1 1'2'2 3'3 4' 4 5' 5 6' 6 7' 7 8 9 N O H N H O O C2H5 C2H5 1 1'2'2 3'3 4' 4 5' 5 6' 6 7' 7 8 9 N O H N H O O 1 1'2'2 3'3 4' 4 5' 5 6' 6 7' 7 8 9 2c LC50 = 0.0005 LC50 = 0.003 LC50 = 0.003 LC50 = 0.011 2b 2d 2a Scheme 2 Scheme 2 Preparation of Bis-[7,7´] diethyl diisatin [3,3´] furan (2d) Similarly compound 2d was prepared from 7- ethylisatin (0.4 g, 2.1 mmoL) in acetic acid (20 mL) and furan (2 mL) in presence of diethylamine (10 mL). Keywords: cytotoxicity; furan

• In silico and in vivo based scientific evaluation of traditional anti-diabetic herb Hodgsonia heteroclita by Usha, Talambedu; Middha, Sushil Kumar; Narzary, Derhasat; Brahma, Birendra Kumar; Goyal, Arvind Kumar (2017) - Bangladesh J Pharmacol. 2017; 12: 165-66. A Journal of the Bangladesh Pharmacological Society (BDPS) Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2017; 12: 165-166 Journal homepage: www.banglajol.info Abstracted/indexed in Academic Search Complete, Agroforestry Abstracts, Asia Journals Online, Bangladesh Journals Online, Biological Abstracts, BIOSIS Previews, CAB Abstracts, Current Abstracts, Directory of Open Access Journals, EMBASE/Excerpta Medica, Google Scholar, HINARI (WHO), International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, Open J-gate, Science Citation Index Expanded, SCOPUS and Social Sciences Citation Index ISSN: 1991-0088; DOI: 10.3329/bjp.v12i2.31122 Letter to the Editor Table Keywords: gsk-3; heteroclita; india

• Fentanyl-midazolam vs. midazolam-ketamine regarding patient sedation analgesia for emergency orthopedic procedures by Raghuraman, M. S. (2018) - The authors had compared the efficacy of ketamine vs fentanyl, with midazolam being the common drug for both groups of patients undergoing emergency orthopedic procedures. [0.5 mg/kg titrated every 3 min with maximum of 2 mg/kg] vs midazolam Keywords: fentanyl; ketamine; midazolam

• Antimicrobial metabolites from Streptomyces sp. strain PDH23 derived from marine sponge Rhabdastrella globostellata by Huyen, Vu Thi Thu; Minh, Le Thi Hong; Quyen, Vu Thi; Anh, Nguyen Mai; Cuc, Nguyen Thi Kim; Luyen, Nguyen Thi; Dat, Nguyen Tien (2020) - Corresponding author: email: ngtiend@imbc.vast.vn References Aoki S, Sanagawa M, Watanabe Y, Setiawan A, Arai M, Koba- yashi M. Novel isomarabarican triterpenes, exhibiting selective antiproliferative activity against vascular endo- thelial cells, from marine sponge Rhabdastrella globostellata. Bangladesh J Pharmacol. Keywords: globostellata; sponge

• Role of β-type natriuretic peptide as predictor of early post-operative outcomes in Chinese patients undergoing anesthesia by Raghuraman, M. S. (2018) - The authors mentioned in the “Discussion” section that the incidence of mortality was significantly higher in patients who had higher pre-operative BNP while comparing it to those who had lesser pre-operative BNP (Chen and Lin, 2017). Although the authors had mentioned that their study was the first pilot study that assessed the role of pre-operative BNP levels as predictor of early postoperative outcomes in Chinese population undergoing anesthesia, there is one study available in the literature that had indeed analyzed it already. Keywords: bnp

• Early days of Pharmacology education in Bangladesh by Shamsuzzoha, Mohammad (2006) - The present building of Dhaka Medical College was then a part of Dhaka University. After completing my MBBS and pre-registration clinical assistant within the November of 1948, I joined Dhaka Medical College and Hospital in the June of 1949. Keywords: college; department; dhaka; medical; pharmacology
• Evaluation of medical teachers and traditional teaching in Pharmacology by Nahar, Shamsun (2006) - 2006; 1: 33-34. Evaluation of medical teachers and tradi- tional teaching in pharmacology Sir, Medical teaching is a noble profession in the field of medical science. Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology Volume: 1; Number 1; Year 2006 Cite this article as: Nahar S. Evaluation of medical teachers and traditional teaching in pharmacology. Keywords: medical; pharmacology

• Screening of organochlorine insecticides (DDT and heptachlor) in dry fish available in Bangladesh by Bhuiyan, Md. Nurul Huda; Bhuiyan, Habibur Rahman; Rahim, Matiur; Ahmed, Kabir; Haque, K. M. Formuzul; Hassan, Md. Tariqul; Bhuiyan, Md. Nazrul Islam (2008) - The concentrations of DDT in the samples of ribbon fish collected from DHK-1, DHK-2, CTG-1 and CTG-2 were 149.4, 131.6, 140.4 %DQJODGHVK�-�3KDUPDFRO�������������-��� ����������������������������������������������������������������� and 137.5 ppb respectively; in the samples of shrimp collected from DHK-1, DHK-2, CTG-1 and CTG-2 were 3.04, 69.4, 3.8 and 318.2 ppb respectively and in the samples of bombay duck collected from DHK-1, DHK-2, CTG-1 and CTG-2 were 156.6, 182.3, 875.0 and 61.9 ppb respectively. Then extract successively with a 40 mL ��� %DQJODGHVK�-�3KDUPDFRO�������������-��� �������������������������������������������������������������� portion and three 25 mL potions of petroleum ether for 1 min each time. Keywords: 0g �; 6,5 �; dqjodghvk �; fish; heptachlor; � $evwudfwv; � %kxl\dq; � &lwdwlrq; � -rxuqdov; �

• Increased DNA damage in blood cells of rat treated with lead as assessed by comet assay by Arif, Mohammad; Kabir, Yearul; Hassan, Faizule; Waise, T. M. Zaved; Mazumder, Md. Ehsanul Hoque; Rahman, Shafiqur (2008) - To the best of our knowledge this is the first study showing the extent of oxidative DNA damage following the administration of lead using animal %DQJODGHVK�-�3KDUPDFRO������������-��� ���������������������������������������������������������������� $ % & ' http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0300-483X(00) ��� %DQJODGHVK�-�3KDUPDFRO������������-��� �������������������������������������������������������������� $ & RP HW �OH QJ WK ��� ��� ��� ��� ��� � &RQWURO�������������PJ�NJ�����������PJ�NJ�����������PJ�NJ D F F % 2 OLY H� WD LO� P RP HQ W �� �� �� �� �� � &RQWURO�������������PJ�NJ�����������PJ�NJ�����������PJ�NJ D F F & 7 DL O�' 1 $ �� � � �� �� �� � &RQWURO�������������PJ�NJ�����������PJ�NJ������������PJ�NJ E F F ' 7 DL O�O HQ JW K ��� ��� ��� � &RQWURO�������������PJ�NJ������������PJ�NJ�������������PJ�NJ D F F Figure 2: Bar diagrams showing the effect of lead on comet assay. Keywords: dqjodghvk �; lead; rqwuro �; � 'hsduwphqw; � -rxuqdo; � dqg; � nj; � pj; � ri; � wkh; � zrun; � �

• Antimicrobial activities of Calligonum polygonoides, Albezia lebeck and Piper nigrum by Khan, Arif; Khan, Rahmat Ali; Khalil, Tanzila (2015) - The antibacterial potency of various fractions of C. polygonoides methanol extracts were carried out through protocol of Bagamboula et al., (2003) against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. These evidences provide us a platform to screen various medicinal plants for their bioactive natural products and active metabolites (Suffredini et al., 2004). Keywords: lebeck; nigrum; polygonoides

• Isolation and antimicrobial effects of endophytic fungi from Edgeworthia chrysantha by Zhang, Huawei; Ruan, Chuanfeng; Bai, Xuelian (2015) - This was the first report on isolation and evaluation of antimicrobial effect of endophytic fungi from E. chrysantha. This was the first report on the isolation and antimicrobial effects of endophytic fungi from E. chrysantha. Keywords: + +; broth; chrysantha

• Effect of Pedalium murex against lipopolysaccharide-induced neurotoxicity in substantia nigra of rat midbrain by Rajagopal, Shanmuga Sundaram; Swaminathan, Gomathi; Manickam, Vijayabaskaran; Ramanathan, Sambathkumar (2016) - Bangladesh J Pharmacol. 2016; 11: 876-877. A single intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide A Journal of the Bangladesh Pharmacological Society (BDPS) Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2016; 11: 876-877 Journal homepage: www.banglajol.info Abstracted/indexed in Academic Search Complete, Agroforestry Abstracts, Asia Journals Online, Bangladesh Journals Online, Biological Abstracts, BIOSIS Previews, CAB Abstracts, Current Abstracts, EMBASE/Excerpta Medica, Google Scholar, HINARI (WHO), International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, Open J-gate, Science Citation Index Expanded, SCOPUS and Social Sciences Citation Index ISSN: 1991-0088; DOI: 10.3329/bjp.v11i4.29306 Letter to the Editor Table Keywords: extract; lipopolysaccharide; murex

• Volatile phytochemical composition of rhizome of ginger after extraction by headspace solid-phase microextraction, petrol ether extraction and steam distillation extraction by Yang, Zhan-Nan; Yang, Weiping; Peng, Quancai; He, Qiansong; Feng, Yong; Luo, Shiqiong; Yu, Zhengwen (2009) - The effects of different parameters, such as extraction fibers, extraction time, extraction temperature and particle size ranges, on the HS- SPME of rhizome of ginger were investigated. In the work discussed in this paper, to enable further understanding of the effects of different parameters, such as extraction fibers, extraction time, extraction temperature and particle size ranges, on HS-SPME of ginger. Keywords: extraction; ginger; pee; sde; spme

• Phytochemical Studies on Origanum rotundifolium by Karaoglan, Esen Sezen; Özgen, Ufuk; Kazaz, Cavit (2017) - Gormez A, Bozari S, Yanmis D, Gulluce M, Agar G, Sahin F. The use of essential oils of Origanum rotundifolium as antimicrobial agent against plant pathogenic bacteria. Goze I, Alim A, Tepe AS, Sokmen M, Sevgi K, Tepe B. Screening of the anti-oxidant activity of essential oil and various extracts of Origanum rotundifolium Boiss. Keywords: origanum; rotundifolium

• In vitro study of antiamoebic effect of methanol extract of mature seeds of Carica papaya on trophozoites of Entamoeba histolytica by Sarker, Sujit Kumar; Begum, Nilufar; Mondal, Dinesh; Siddique, Md. Abdullah; Rashid, Mohammad A. (2010) - h is to ly tic a (% ) 200 100 0 -100 -200 0 1 2 3 6 13 25 50 100 200 B Figure 1: Mean growth of E. histolytica in presence of extract of C. papaya (A) and metronidazole (B) value of metronidazole was <2.5 µg/mL (Tona et al., 1998) and the IC50 value of C. papaya seeds was 153 µg/ mL, while that of metronidazole was 0.04 µg/mL (Calzada et al., 2006). The result of the present study is consistent with the findings observed by previous study but difference in MIC value which may be due to difference in variety of papaya seeds, full maturity of seeds, time of seed collection, extraction procedure, Strain of E. histolytica, culture media or incubation period. Keywords: extract; histolytica; papaya; study

• Cytotoxicity study of dimethylisatin and its heterocyclic derivatives by Hossain, Mohammad Mamun; Islam, Nazrul; Khan, Rahat; Islam, Md. Rabiul (2007) - The characterization of synthesized compounds was carried out by IR, 1H-NMR and mass spectroscopic methods (Table I). LD50 value (ppm) Remarks 1 99 Less active 6 22 Highly active 2 96 Less active 7 36 Moderately active 3 52 Weakly active 7' 31 Moderately active 4 24 Highly active 8 29 Moderately active 5 24 Highly active 8' 24 Highly active Table II Physical constants and %yield of synthesized compounds (2-8) Compound No. Keywords: ch3

• Imatinib inhibits migration of normal human epidermal melanocytes and suppress the phosphorylation of C-kit by Xia, Jian-Xin; Li, Fu-Qiu; Urabe, Kazunori; Wang, Jin-Feng; Furue, Masutaka (2012) - Imatinib at 0.1, 1.0 and 5.0 μM could inhibit the SCF (50 ng/mL) induced NHEM migration and suppress the phosphorylation of c-kit in NHEM. Detection of effect of imatinib on NHEM migration The 24-well Boyden chamber was employed for detec- tion of effect of imatinib on NHEM migration. Keywords: imatinib; kit; nhem; scf

• Anti-proliferative and apoptosis-inducing activities of juglone in LS-174T cells by Li, Qiang; Zhao, Xue-Ling; Sun, Juan; Jiang, Shou-Gang; Xianfeng, Gong (2013) - Discussion Walnut has been used in traditional medicines for various ailments and some extracts of walnut are also 68 Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2013; 8: 65-72 &RQFHQWUDWLRQ���0� $ EV RU ED QF H �>$ �� � -� �@ ��� ��� ��� ��� � �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� Figure 3B: Pro-apoptotic effect of juglone determined by ELISA quantification of DNA fragmentation expressed as optical density (OD) values LS-174T cells were incubated in the medium alone or in the medium containing 12.5,25,50 and 100 µM juglone for 36 hours (** and *** stands for p<0.01 and p<0.001 compared with 0 µM, respectively) D������������������E���������������F�����������������G����������������H������������������� GAPDH was used as an equal loading control &RQFHQWUDWLRQ���0� & DV S DV H -� �D FW LY LW\ � P �P J ���� ���� ���� ��� ��� ��� ��� � ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� Figure 4C: Caspase-3 activity of juglone-treated LS-174T cells The cells were treated with 0, 12, 25, 50, 100 μM juglone for 36 hours (**stands for p<0.01 compared with 0 µM) fragment of PARP was shown to be a hallmark of apoptosis. Keywords: dqjodghvk �; evwudfwv �; h �; juglone; rqfhqwudwlrq �; � +duelq; � -rxuqdo; � .gd; � 8qlyhuvlw\; � dqg; � figure; � p0; � ri; � wkh; � zrun; � �

• Ganoderma boninense isolated from Sabah, Malaysia exhibits potent antibacterial activity against clinically important bacterial pathogens by Abdullah, Syahriel; Ling, Yee Soon; Daim, Sylvia Jerome; Alexander, Arnnyitte; Chong, Khim Phin (2018) - Corresponding author: email: chongkp@ums.edu.my; Tel.: +6088-320000 Ext 5655; Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2018; 13: 10-12 11 Table I Antibacterial activity of G. boninense extracts against clinical isolates of bacterial pathogens Strain† Zone of inhibition (mm) The fungal fruiting body obtained from oil palm tree; B) Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) analysis of the fungal fruit- ing body's DNA based on method described by Chong et al. (2011) shows that the PCR product is around 650 bp; C) Phylogenetic Tree analysis (using Basic Local Alignment Search Tool, BLAST, NCBI) of the fungal PCR product DNA sequence (highlighted in yellow) shows that the fungi identified as G. boninense species fungal fruiting body is belong to G. boninense species as shown in Figure 1B and Figure 1C. Remarkable anti- bacterial activity from the identified G. boninense extracts was observed against the standard and clinical bacterial isolates as summarized in Table I. Chloroform extract of G. boninense gives the broadest spectrum of antibacterial activity against both standard and clinical isolates of bacterial pathogens. Keywords: boninense

• Synthesis of isatin, 5-chloroisatin and their Δ2-1,3,4 oxadiazoline derivatives for comparative cytotoxicity study on brine shrimp by Islam, Md. Rabiul; Mohsin, Mohammad (2007) - d ppm : 11.84 (br.s, 1H, N1-H, lactam); 11.28 (s, 1H, N2-H); 10.84 (br.s, 1H, N3-H); 7.56 (d, J=7.8 Hz., 1H, C1-H), 7.37 (t, 1H, C2-H), 7.09-7.16 (m, 1H; C3-H); 7.00 (d, J=7.8 Hz., 1H, C4-H). Four aromatic protons of C1-H, C2-H, C3-H, and C4-H appear at d 6.90 (d, J=7.8 Hz., 1H, C4-H), d 7.12 (t, N, C2-H), d 7.56 (t, C3- H) and d 7.49 (d, J=7.8 Hz., 1H, C4-H) respectively. Keywords: 35cl

• Cost-effectiveness analysis of intradermal versus classical intramuscular COVID-19 vaccine administration by Sookaromdee, Pathum; Wiwanitkit, Viroj (2022) - Intradermal administration was therefore offered as a good technique to provide reciprocal doses while redu- cing vaccine cost and quantity necessary (Intapiboon et al., 2021). The cost per effectiveness of each COVID19 vaccine administration is calculated, and the cost-effectiveness value of vaccine administration is compared. Keywords: cost; covid-19; effectiveness; vaccine

Epilogue

For more detail, about this study carrel, see the computed home page. For more detail about study carrels in general, see the read me file.

Created: 2025-12-25