Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 28(2): 329‒365, 2021 (December) DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/bjpt.v28i2.57131 © 2021 Bangladesh Association of Plant Taxonomists A PRELIMINARY TAXONOMIC STUDY ON THE FLORA OF RANGPUR DISTRICT, BANGLADESH SALEH AHAMMAD KHAN, GAZI MOSHAROF HOSSAIN1, SHAYLA SHARMIN SHETU, MD. ABDUR RAHIM, MD. SHARIFUL ISLAM, FAKHRUDDIN ALI AHMED AND RUKAIYA HABIB FAIRY Plant Systematics and Biodiversity Laboratory, Department of Botany, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh Keywords: Flora; Angiosperm; Rangpur; Bangladesh. Abstract This study demonstrates that the vascular flora of the Rangpur district area consists of 825 species under 537 genera and 139 families. The pteridophytes and gymnosperms are represented by 25 and seven species, respectively, whereas the angiosperms by 793 species including 582 species of dicotyledons (Magnoliopsida) and 211 species of monocotyledons (Liliopsida). Poaceae with 67 species, representing 8.12% of the flora, is appeared as the largest family, and followed by Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Araceae, Malvaceae and Euphorbiaceae that collectively constitute 17.94% of this flora. Persicaria comprising 10 species is recorded as the largest genus, and followed by Ficus, Euphorbia, Solanum, Albizia and Brassica. About 59.71% taxa of this flora are herbs, 21.71% trees, 14.72% shrubs and the rest are palms, lianas, and bamboos. Erect herbs forming 35.22% of the flora comprise the most common life-form. In this flora, almost 64.29% taxa are native and the rest 35.71% are exotic. Nearly 62.61% taxa of the flora are found in wild, 26.90% as planted and 10.49% as cultivated. About 35.46% of the species commonly occur throughout all upazilas of this district. Most of the species are harboured in fallow lands, roadsides, gardens, and homesteads. All species of this district flora are known as economically useful. Most of its habitats and ecosystems are exposed to different threats. Adequate measures with effective management plans should be adopted and implemented for the sustainable use, improvement and conservation of this precious flora. Introduction Taxonomic studies provide the foundation for understanding biological diversity. Such studies provide essential, crucial and useful data on the identification, composition, origin, distribution, diversity, classification and relationship of the biological organisms. The sustainable use of plant resources and such resource-based development of a country as well as its environmental issues are largely dependent on basic and adequate understandings on the plant species found within its geographical area, i.e., its flora, and such understandings are primarily furnished by taxonomic studies. Though the flora of Bangladesh is inferred as rich (Approx. 5000 species of angiosperms, Khan, 1977) in term of its geographical area (147570 km2, BBS, 2021), it has been incompletely explored through various kinds of sporadic taxonomic inventories conducted so far covering this area partly (Roxburgh, 1814; Hooker, 1872-1897; Prain, 1903; Khan and Huq, 2001; Uddin et al., 2003; Siddiqui et al., 2007; Ahmed et al., 2008-2009; Ahmed et al., 2009; Rahman et al., 2015; Haque et al., 2018; Shetu et al., 2018; Uddin and Hassan, 2018; Khanam and Khan, 2020, Khanam et al., 2020; Roy and Khan, 2020a, 2020b; Hossain et al., 2021; Khan et al., 2021). Consequently, the floristic compositions in most of the areas of this country are still unknown or inadequately known. 1Author for correspondence: https://doi.org/10.3329/bjpt.v28i2.57131 mailto:gazibotju@gmail.com 330 KHAN et al. Rangpur district comprising a total area of 2400.56 km2 of North-western region of Bangladesh consists of eight upazilas and 83 unions. It lies between 25°18' and 25°57' north latitudes and between 88°56' and 89°32' east longitudes (District Statistics 2011 Rangpur, 2013). The topography of Rangpur is mostly flat, with an average elevation above sea level of 35 meter (https://elevation. maplogs.com). The land area is mostly covered by grasslands, croplands, scrub jungles, homestead gardens, and some wetlands. The soil is mostly (80%) alluvial of the Teesta River basin, and the remaining is barind (https://elevation.maplogs.com). It has a subtropical humid and summer wet monsoon climate (Khatun et al., 2016; https://en.climate-data.org). The mean annual temperature varies from maximum 29.3°C to 36.3°C to minimum 6.0°C to 20°C and 1932 mm to 2309.5 mm precipitation falls annually (District Statistics 2011 Rangpur, 2013; Khatun et al., 2016). Some taxonomic studies on the flora of several districts of Bangladesh have been carried out (Sultana, 2012; Tabassum, 2015; Uddin and Hassan, 2018; Khanam and Khan, 2020; Khanam et al., 2020; Roy and Khan, 2020a, b; Hossain et al., 2021). However, any taxonomic literature on the flora of Rangpur district based on field inventories throughout its entire geographical area is not known to be published so far. Taxonomic studies on the flora of Rangpur district are necessary to generate the baseline data on the current composition, status and distribution of plant species, and to contribute in promoting plant resource-based socioeconomic development projects, undertaking appropriate conservation initiatives for the threatened or near threatened species, and future studies on floristic composition, plant species diversity and vegetation of this area. This study was performed to construct a taxonomic checklist and provide quantitative data on the vascular flora (i.e., pteridophytes, gymnosperms and angiosperms) of Rangpur district based on thorough field inventories throughout the area. Materials and Methods Field inventories were conducted throughout all upazilas of Rangpur district in different seasons of 2018-2021. In this study all indigenous and exotic species of vascular plants found in wild and as planted or cultivated have been circumscribed. The collection, processing, drying, preservation and identification of the plant specimens was completed and nomenclatural information were verified following the methods described in Khan et al. (2021) and Hossain et al. (2021). All voucher specimens have been preserved at Jahangirnagar University Herbarium (JUH). The families of pteridophytes, gymnosperms and angiosperms have been arranged following the widely used classification systems of Pichi (1977), Kramer and Green (1990) and Cronquist (1988), respectively, whereas the genera and species under each family alphabetically (Table 1). The families, which are not included in Cronquist (1988), have been placed following APGIV System (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group. 2016). In the tabulated list of the species (Table 1), only the currently accepted names and their recent synonyms have been cited. Data on the uses of plant species studied were collected through interviews with the local people during the field inventories, and consulting the relevant literatures (Ghani, 1998; Van Valkenburg and Bunyapraphatsara, 2002; Siddiqui et al., 2007; Ahmed et al., 2008-2009; Ahmed et al., 2009). The extent of similarities in species composition in eight upazilas of the study area was measured by the Jaccard coefficient (Jaccard, 1912). The status of rare and threatened plant species in the study area was inferred through field observation and estimation on their population size, distribution range and regeneration in the area. https://elevation. https://elevation.maplogs.com). https://en.climate-data.org). A PRELIMINARY TAXONOMIC STUDY ON THE FLORA OF RANGPUR 331 Results and Discussion This study recorded a total of 829 taxa comprised of 825 species and four varieties under 537 genera and 139 families of pteridophytes, gymnosperms and angiosperms growing within the geographical boundary of Rangpur district. Pteridophytes with 25 species of 20 genera under 12 families constituted 3.03% species of Rangpur district flora. Gymnosperms with seven species of six genera under five families comprised only 0.85% species of the flora. Magnoliopsida or the dicotyledons, composed of 582 species belonging to 381 genera under 95 families, constituted 70.55% species of the flora and Liliopsida or the monocotyledons, comprised of 211 species of 130 genera and 27 families, represented 25.58% species of the flora (Table 1 and Fig. 1). In the 829 taxa, a total of three subspecies and six varieties are included. Each of these three subspecies and two of the six varieties represent an independent species, due to which these are enumerated as the separate species. The remaining four varieties belonging to the enlisted species do not represent any separate species. In this article, 825 species have been considered for the taxonomic enumeration of the species, genus and families, whereas, data on 829 taxa have been used for the categorization of the taxa in terms of habitat, habit, distribution and economic uses. A total of 495 (59.71%) plant taxa recorded from this district were herbs, 180 (21.71%) trees, 122 (14.72%) shrubs, 15 (1.81%) palms, 11 (1.33%) lianas and only six (0.72%) bamboos. The most common life-form in this district flora was the erect herb, which represented 58.99% of the herbaceous taxa and constituted 35.22% (292 species) of the flora. This life-form was followed by erect shrubs (108 species), prostrate herbs (73 species), vines (71 species) and small trees (62 species), comprising 13.03%, 8.81%, 8.56% and 7.48% of the district flora, respectively, and medium and large trees, each representing 58 species (7%) of the flora. Other life-forms include creepers, palms, scandent shrubs, rooted floating herbs, epiphytes, submerged and free floating, bamboos, and parasitic and emergent herbs. The flora of Rangpur district is mostly composed of native taxa (64.29% or 533 species). However, a major part (35.71%) of this flora is formed by 296 exotic taxa. Total 519 taxa comprising 62.61% of the flora were found in wild, and 223 or 26.90% of the species as planted and 87 or 10.49% as cultivated. Fig. 1. Species composition of different plant groups of Rangpur district. Fig. 2. Composition of major plant families of Liliopsida of Rangpur district In Pteridophyta, the family Pteridaceae, consisted of seven species, was the largest, which was followed by Thelypteridaceae and Polypodiaceae, represented by four and three species, respectively. Rest of the families were composed of one to two species each. The genus Pteris L. was consisted of three species, the genera Adiantum L., Christella Léveillé, and Nephrolepis Schott were composed of two species each, and the rest of single species each. The families of Gymnospermae were represented by one to two species and all of their genera by one species 67 25 19 16 15 10 9 8 7 37 18 5 8 14 4 5 7 4 0 20 40 60 80 N o. o f s pe ci es & g en us Family with its species% in the flora Major families of Liliopsida Species Genus 332 KHAN et al. each, except the Cycas L., constituted of two species. All species of pteridophytes, except Asplenium nidus, Nephrolepis biserrata and N. exaltata, were herbs and found in wild, and all of the six tree and one shrub species of gymnosperms were planted. In Liliopsida or monocotyledons, Poaceae composed of 67 species under 37 genera, representing 8.12% of the vascular flora of Rangpur district, was the largest family and followed by Araceae with 25 species of 18 genera, Cyperaceae with 19 species of five genera, Asparagaceae with 16 species of eight genera and Arecaceae with 15 species of 14 genera. These four families collectively constituted a total of 9.09% of the flora (Fig. 2). The families Commelinaceae, Zingiberaceae, Orchidaceae, and Amaryllidaceae were found to be composed of less than 11 species each that constituted together 4.12% of this district flora (Fig. 2). Cyperus L., composed of nine species, was the largest monocot genus and followed by Dracaena Vand. and Fimbristylis Vahl with six species each, Digitaria Haller with five species, Alocasia (Schott) G. Don, Bambusa Schreb., Dioscorea L., Setaria P. Beauv. and Urochloa P. Beauv. with four species each, and Agave L., Commelina L., Crinum L., Curcuma L., Eragrostis Wolf, Panicum L., Sacciolepis Nash and Tradescantia L., each with three species. Total 182 species (85.85%) of the monocotyledons were herbs, seven (3.30%) were shrubs, and two (0.94%) were trees. Total 135 or 63.68% species of this plant group were found in wild, 44 (20.75%) as planted and 33 (15.57%) as cultivated. Fig. 3. Composition of major plant families of Magnoliopsida of Rangpur district. In Magnoliopsida or dicotyledons, the family Asteraceae comprising 41 species and representing 4.97 % of the Rangpur district flora was the largest that was followed by Fabaceae, Malvaceae, Rubiaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Lamiaceae and Apocynaceae (Fig. 3) and these six families constituted 17.45% of this district flora. The families Acanthaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Amaranthaceae, Mimosaceae, Caesalpiniaceae, Phyllanthaceae, Moraceae, Solanaceae, Polygonaceae, Brassicaceae, Vitaceae, Rutaceae and Convolvulaceae (Fig. 3), comprised 21.82% of this district flora. Persicaria Mill., composed of 10 species, was the largest dicot genus, which was followed by Ficus L. with nine species, Euphorbia L. with eight species, Solanum L. with seven species, Albizia Durazz., Brassica L., Cissus L., Hibiscus L. and Phyllanthus L. with six species each, and Ipomoea L., Leea D. Royen ex L., Limnophilla R. Br., Lindernia All., Senna Mill. and Vigna Savi with five species each. Total 288 taxa (49.23%) of the dicotyledons were herbs, 172 (29.40%) trees, 116 (19.82%) shrubs and 11 (1.88%) lianas. In this plant group, total 362 or 61.88% taxa were found in wild, 172 (29.40%) as planted and 51 (8.72%) as cultivated. 41 35 24 22 22 21 20 18 17 15 15 15 15 14 13 12 12 12 11 11 9 8 8 7 7 7 36 24 14 16 12 14 16 14 12 9 8 8 7 4 7 3 4 5 7 6 5 6 4 6 5 2 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 N o. o f s pe ci es & g en us Family with its species % in the flora Major families of Magnoliopsida Species Genus A PRELIMINARY TAXONOMIC STUDY ON THE FLORA OF RANGPUR 333 The occurrence of total 294 taxa, i.e., 35.46% of the flora, including 230 species of dicotyledons, 55 species of monocotyledons, seven species of pteridophytes and two species of gymnosperms, was common in all of the eight upazilas of Rangpur district. Among these eight upazilas, Taraganj harboured the highest number of species, which was followed by Rangpur Sadar, Pirganj, Gangachara, Badarganj, Mithapukur, Pirgachha and Kaunia upazilas (Fig. 4). Fig. 4. Plant species composition in eight upazilas of Rangpur district. According to Jaccard coefficient, the similarity in plant species compositions of eight upazilas of Rangpur district was 64.47% (Fig. 5). It indicates that the species compositions in these upazilas, i.e., throughout the district, were relatively more similar rather than different. However, a comparison in plant species composition of Taraganj upazila, housing a relatively higher number of plant species, with those of other upazilas of Rangpur district indicates that a similarity range of 49.77% to 59.97% in plant species composition existed there. Fig. 5. Similarity in species composition in the upazilas of Rangpur district based on Jaccard coefficient. In Rangpur district, the plant species were distributed in diverse habitats. However, most of the species were well-adapted to fallow lands, roadsides, gardens and homesteads, which were followed by woodlands, scrub jungles, grasslands, wetlands, agricultural fields, marginal lands, brick wall (including forest margins and river banks). Some species were also found on a few tree species and on brick walls (Fig. 6). 237 210 153 139 138 112 97 88 531 504 447 433 432 406 391 382 Taraganj Rangpur Sadar Pirganj Gangachara Badarganj Mithapukur Pirgachha Kaunia Species number U pa zi la Plant species composition in the upazilas of Rangpur district Total species including the 294 species common to all upazilas Total species excluding the 294 species common to all upazilas 49.77 51.15 51.81 51.86 53.19 60.07 59.97 64.47 Taraganj & Pirganj Taraganj & Pirgachha Taraganj & Gangachara Taraganj & Mithapukur Taraganj & Kaunia Taraganj & Badarganj Taraganj & Rangpur Sadar All upazilas Percent (%) U pa zi la Similarity in species composition 334 KHAN et al. All plant species found in Rangpur district are economically useful and about 33.98% of these species have at least two uses (Table 1). A total of 472 plant species, comprising 56.94% of this district flora, are economically useful as medicinal. Additionally, a total of 282 species are recorded as ornamental that are followed by 113 species of fodder and forages, 98 of timbers, 66 of vegetables, 56 of fruits, 41 of fire- and fuel wood, constituting 34.02%, 13.63%, 11.82%, 7.96%, 6.76%, and 4.83% of the flora, respectively. Besides, 22 species are known as edible, 15 species as fibre, 13 as spices, 10 as oil-yielding, nine as fencing and eight as soil binder, and 61 species, representing 7.36% of the flora, are known as useful for other economic purposes (Table 1). Fig. 6. Distribution of plant species in different habitats of Rangpur district. The total number of angiospermic species enumerated from Rangpur district by this study seems closer to that of Gazipur district (Tabassum, 2015) but higher than those of Rajshahi (Rahman, 2013), Narsingdi (Khanam et al., 2020; Khanam and Khan, 2020) and Satkhira districts (Hossain et al., 2021). The taxonomic accounts of angiospermic species of five of the eight upazilas of Rangpur district viz., Taraganj, Rangpur Sadar, Pirganj, Gangachara and Badarganj upazila, as recorded by this study (Fig. 5), are higher than those of different upazilas of Bangladesh reported by the previous studies (e.g., Islam et al., 2009; Rahman et al., 2012; Rahman et al., 2013; Sarker et al., 2013; Nahar and Rahman, 2016; Rahman and Kona, 2016; Mahmudah et al., 2017; Roy and Rahman, 2018, and Rahman et al., 2019) (Fig. 7). Fig. 7. Angiospermic species composition in five districts of Bangladesh. A PRELIMINARY TAXONOMIC STUDY ON THE FLORA OF RANGPUR 335 Table 1. List of vascular plant species of Rangpur district, Bangladesh. Scientific name Bangla name Habitat Habit Distribution Use RSE PTERIDOPHYTA Schimp. Selaginellaceae Willk. Selaginella ciliaris (Retz.) Spring Katagenella Fl, Rs, Wl H, cr; w Bg, Pr, Pg, Tg M, O SSS 3231 Salviniaceae Martinov Azolla pinnata R.Br. Khudipana Wtl H, ff; w Bg, Mp, Pr, Tg Gm GMH 5530 Salvinia cucullata Roxb. Indur kani Wtl H, ff; w Pr Ap, O GMH 5529 Marsileaceae Mirb. Marsilea minuta L. Susni shak Fl, Wtl H, cr; w All upazilas M, Vg SSS 3239 Lygodiaceae M.Roem. Lygodium flexuosum (L.) Sw. Saralata fern Fl, Rs, Sj H, vi; w Tg, Pg, Pr M GMH 5545 Dennstaedtiaceae Lotsy Microlepia strigosa (Thunb.) C.Presl. Fern Rs, Wl H, er; w Bg, Gc, Pg, Tg M MAR 3707 Pteridaceae E.D.M.Kirchn. Adiantum caudatum L. Bidda pata Bw, Rs, Gr H, pr; w Mp, Pg, Gc O GMH 5562 A. philippense L. Kalijhat Bw, Gr, Ml H, pr; w Gc, Rs, Mp, Pg O SSS 3237 Ceratopteris thalictroides (L.) Brongn. Pani lettuce Fl, Wtl H, er; w All upazilas O SSS 3242 Cheilosoria belangeri (Bory in Belang.) Ching & K.H.Shing Belangeri Fl, Wl H, er; w Bg, Gc M MAR 3700 Pteris ensiformis Burm.f. Ensifern Fl, Hs H, pr; w Bg, Kn O MAR 3716 P. semipinnata L. Semipinna fern Fl, Rs, Wl H, er; w Tg O MAR 3712 P. vittata L. Imodi pteris Bw H, pr; w Bg, Kn, Pg, Tg O GMH 5511 Polypodiaceae J.Presl & C.Presl Drynaria quercifolia (L.) J.Sm. Pankhiraj Op H, ep; w All upazilas M GMH 5510 Microsorum punctatum (L.) Copel. Punctasorum fern Op H, ep; w Gc, Pr, Rs, Tg O GMH 5515 Pyrrosia nuda (Giesenh.) Ching Nudarossi Op H, ep; w All upazilas O SSS 3005 Blechnaceae Newman Stenochlaena palustris (Burm.f.) Bedd. Lata dhekia Sj, Wl H, vi; w Bg, Tg M GMH 5507 Thelypteridaceae Ching ex Pic.Serm. Ampelopteris prolifera (Retz.) Copel. Lombo dheki shak Fl, Ml, Rb H, cr; w All upazilas Vg GMH 5519 Christella dentata (Forssk.) Brownsey & Jermy Bish dhekia Fl, Hs, Rs H, er; w All upazilas M SSS 3008 C. arida (D.Don) Holttum Fern datitila Fl, Hs, Rs H, er; w Gc, Kn, Pr M MAR 3711 Thelypteris parasitica (L.) Tardieu Partila fern Fl, Hs, Rs H, er; w Bg, Gc, Mp M MAR 3715 336 KHAN et al. Scientific name Bangla name Habitat Habit Distribution Use RSE Aspleniaceae Newman Asplenium nidus L.* Pakhir basha fern Gr, Hs H, er; cv Mp, Pr, Rs, Tg O MAR 3701 Athyriaceae Alston Diplazium esculentum (Retz.) Sw. Dheki shak Fl, Rb, Rs H, er; w All upazilas Vg SSS 3004 Nephrolepidaceae Pic.Serm. Nephrolepis biserrata (Sw.) Schott Bagan dekhi Gr, Hs H, er; cv Tg O MAR 3710 N. exaltata (L.) Schott Jhara fern Gr, Hs H, er; cv Tg O MAR 3713 GYMNOSPERMAE Prantl Araucariaceae Henkel & W.Hochst. Araucaria heterophylla (Salisb.) Franco* Christmas tree Gr, Hs T, l; pl All upazilas O GMH 5520 Cupressaceae Gray Juniperus chinensis L.* China juniper Gr, Hs T, s; pl Rs, Tg O MAR 3702 Thuja plicata Donn ex D.Don* Thuja Gr, Hs T, l; pl All upazilas O SSS 3011 Cycadaceae Pers. Cycas circinalis L.* Nali cycas Gr, Hs T, m; pl Bg, Rs, Tg M, O MAR 3706 C. revoluta Thunb.* Volu cycas Gr, Hs T, m; pl Bg, Rs, Tg O MAR 3705 Pinaceae Spreng. ex Rudolphi Pinus palustris Mill.* Carebian pine Gr, Rs T, l; pl Rs M, T FAA 101 Zamiaceae Horan. Zamia furfuracea L.f. ex Aiton* Zamia palm Gr, Hs S; pl Rs, Tg O MAR 3703 MAGNOLIOPSIDA Brongn. Magnoliaceae Juss. Magnolia champaca (L.) Baill. ex Pierre Champa Gr, Rs T, l; pl Mp, Pr, Rs M, O SAK 3100 M. grandiflora L.* Udoy paddo Gr, Hs T, m; pl Rs, Tg M, O SAK 3120 Annonaceae Juss. Annona reticulata L.* Atta, nona Fl, Gr, Hs T, s; w All upazilas Fr, Fw GMH 5521 A. squamosa L.* Sharifa Gr, Hs T, s; pl All upazilas Fr GMH 5508 Artabotrys hexapetalus (L.f.) Bhandari* Kathali chapma Gr, Hs S, sc; pl Tg M, O GMH 5505 Huberantha pendula (Capuron ex G.E.Schatz & Le Thomas) Chaowasku* Zhopalo debdaru Rs T, m; pl Kn, Rs, Tg Fu, O MAR 3704 Miliusa velutina (Dunal) Hook.f. & Thomson Gandhi gojari Wl, Rs T, l; w Bg, Pr, Rs T, M MAR 3714 Monoon longifolium (Sonn.) B.Xue & R.M.K.Saunders* Debdaru Rs, Wl T, l; w All upazilas O, T SSS 3012 Polyalthia suberosa (Roxb.) Thwaites Barachali Fl, Wl T, s; w Gc, Pg, Pr Fr, M SSS 3015 A PRELIMINARY TAXONOMIC STUDY ON THE FLORA OF RANGPUR 337 Scientific name Bangla name Habitat Habit Distribution Use RSE Lauraceae Juss. Cinnamomum tamala (Buch.-Ham.) T.Nees & Eberm. Tejpata Gr, Hs T, m; pl All upazilas Co, Sp MAR 3733 C. verum J.Presl Daruchini Gr, Hs T, m; pl Bg, Kn, Pr, Tg M, Sp SSS 3418 Litsea glutinosa (Lour.) C.B.Rob. Kukurchita Sj, Wl T, m; w All upazilas M SAK 3109 L. monopetala (Roxb.) Pers. Boro- kukurchita Sj, Wl T, m; w All upazilas M SAK 3119 L. salicifolia (J.Roxb. ex Nees) Hook.f. Digloti Hs, Wtl T, s; w Gc M MAR 3717 Piperaceae Giseke Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth* Luchi pata Bw, Ml, Wl H, pr; w All upazilas M SSS 3025 Piper betle L.* Pan Gr, Hs H, vi; cv Bg, Gc, Tg M MAR 3725 P. longum L. Pipul Fl, Wl H, vi; w All upazilas M GMH 5526 Nelumbonaceae A.Rich. Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. Paddo Wtl H, fl; w Mp, Bg, Pr M, O MAR 3718 Nymphaeaceae Salisb. Nymphaea nouchali Burm.f. Nil shapla Wtl H, fl; w All upazilas M, O SSS 3234 N. nouchali var. pubescens (Willd.) Hook.fil. & Thomson Sada shapla Wtl H, fl; w Bg, Gc, Mp, Pr O, Vg MAR 3724 N. rubra Roxb. ex Andrews Lal shapla Wtl H, fl; w All upazilas O, Vg SSS 3236 Ceratophyllaceae Gray Ceratophyllum demersum L. Kantajhanjhi Wtl H, sm; w Pr, Tg M MAR 3732 Ranunculaceae Juss. Clematis vitalba L.* Polaka jui Gr H, vi; cv Rs, Tg O MAR 3984 C. zeylanica (L.) Poir. Murcha, Chagolbati Fl, Sj, Wl H, vi; w Bg, Pg, Tg M GMH 5588 Menispermaceae Juss. Stephania japonica (Thunb.) Miers Akandi manik Sj H, vi; w All upazilas M MAR 3723 S. rotunda Lour. Thandamanik Sj H, vi; w Pg, Tg M MAR 3719 Tiliacora acuminata (Lam.) Miers Bagh lata Fl, Rs, Wl Liana; w All upazilas M GMH 5589 Tinospora sinensis (Lour.) Merr. Gulancha Wl H, vi; w Rs, Tg M MAR 3731 Papaveraceae Juss. Argemone mexicana L.G.B.* Shial kanta Af, Fl, Rs H, er; w All upazilas M GMH 5615 Cannabaceae Martinov Trema orientalis (L.) Blume Banjiga Sj, Wl T, m; w All upazilas Fw SSS 3235 Cannabis sativa L. Bhang, Ganja Fl, Rs H, er; w Pr, Mp M MAR 3864 Moraceae Gaudich. Artocarpus chaplasha Roxb. Chapalish Wl, Rs T, l; w Bg, Mp, Rs, Tg Fr, T MAR 3720 A. heterophyllus Lam.* Kanthal Wl, Hs T, m; pl All upazilas Fr, T SSS 3240 A. lacucha Buch.-Ham. Deowa Wl, Gr T, m; w All upazilas Fr, Fw MAR 3726 Ficus benghalensis L. Bot Bw, Wl T, l; w All upazilas Fw, Sd SSS 3241 F. benjamina L. Jiri pakur Gr T, m; pl Pg, Rs, Tg Fw, O MAR 3730 F. elastica Roxb. ex Hornem. Rubber bot Gr, Rs T, m; pl Rs, Tg O MAR 3722 338 KHAN et al. Scientific name Bangla name Habitat Habit Distribution Use RSE F. heterophylla L. F. Bhuidumur Sj, Wl S; w Bg, Gc, Kn Fw, M SSS 3243 F. hispida L. F. Kakdumur Bw, Sj, Wl T, s; w All upazilas M, Vg SSS 3244 F. pumila L.* Latabot Bw H, cr; pl Tg O MAR 3729 F. racemosa L. Jagga dumur Bw, Sj, Fl T, l; w All upazilas Fr, M MAR 3727 F. religiosa L. Ashwath Bw, Wl, Sj T, l; w Bg, Gc, Kn, Tg O, Sd SSS 3246 F. rumphii Blume Khiri bot Wl T, l; w Rs, Tg O, Sd MAR 3721 Morus alba L.* Shada tut Hs, Ml, Rs T, s; pl Gc, Tg Fr, Sf MAR 3728 Streblus asper Lour. Sheora Sj, Wl T, l; w All upazilas Fw, M SSS 3247 Urticaceae Juss. Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaudich. Kanchara Fl, Rs H, er; w Mp, Pg M MAR 3734 B. virgata (G.Forst.) Guill. Subsp. macrophylla (Hornem.) Friis & Wilmot-Dear* Ulichara Fl, Rs H, er; w Gc, Pg M MAR 3745 Dendrocnide sinuata (Blume) Chew Law chutra Fl, Wl H, er; w Tg, Bg M, Po MAR 3750 Laportea interrupta (L.) Chew Chotra pata Sj, Wl H, er; w Gc, Mp M, Po MAR 3744 Pilea cadierei Gagnep. & Guillaumin Aluminium plant Gr H, er; cv Tg O MSI 110 P. microphylla (L.) Liebm.* Lata maricha Bw, Rs H, er; w Pr Fd GMH 5590 Pouzolzia zeylanica (L.) Benn. Kullaruki Bw, Sj, Gl H, er; w All upazilas M SSS 3315 Casuarinaceae R.Br. Casuarina equisetifolia L. Jhau Gr, Rs T, l; pl Gc, Mp, Rs, Tg O SSS 3247 Nyctaginaceae Juss. Boerhavia repens L. Payanava Fl, Rs H, cr; w Gc, Tg M MSI 111 Bougainvillea glabra Choisy* Baganbilas Gr, Hs S, sc; pl All upazilas O GMH 5592 B. spectabilis Willd.* Shukhbilas Gr, Hs S, sc; pl All upazilas O SSS 3249 Mirabilis jalapa L.* Sandhyamoni Sj, Gr, Hs H, er; w All upazilas M, O SSS 3248 Cactaceae Juss. Consolea macracantha (Griseb.) Berger; Syn. Opuntia falcata Ekman & Werderm. Fonimonosha Gr, Hs S; pl Rs, Tg O MAR 3858 Opuntia dillenii (Ker Gawl.) Haw.* Fonimonosha Gr, Hs S; pl Rs, Tg O MAR 3859 O. elatior Mill.* Fonimonosha Gr, Hs S; pl Rs, Tg O MAR 3860 O. ficus-indica (L.) Mill.* Fonimonosha Ml, Rs S; w Tg Fn, M MAR 3535 O. monacantha (Willd.) Haw.* Fonimonosha Gr, Hs S; pl Rs, Tg O MAR 3985 Amaranthaceae Juss. Achyranthes aspera L. Apang Gl, Fl, Wl H, er; w All upazilas M FAA 103 A. aspera var. indica L.* Apang Gl, Fl, Wl H, er; w Bg, Pr, Pg, Rs M MSI 113 Alternanthera ficoidea (L.) P.Beauv.* Nanthi Fl, Rs H, pr; w All upazilas Fd, M MSI 112 A. philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb.* Henchi Wtl H, fl; w All upazilas Vg GMH 5593 A. sessilis (L.) R.Br. ex DC.* Malancha Gl, Fl, Rs H, pr; w All upazilas Vg MAR 3743 Amaranthus blitum L.* Goburanotey Gl, Rs H, er; w Bg, Gc Vg MSI 114 A. spinosus L.* Kantanotey Af, Fl, Rs H, er; w All upazilas M, Vg MSI 115 A. tricolor L. Lal shak Af H, er; cv All upazilas Vg MAR 3749 A PRELIMINARY TAXONOMIC STUDY ON THE FLORA OF RANGPUR 339 Scientific name Bangla name Habitat Habit Distribution Use RSE A. viridis L.* Notey shak Fl, Rs H, er; w Pr, Rs Vg MSI 116 Celosia argentea L.* Morog phul Hs, Rs H, er; w Rs M, O FAA 104 Chenopodium album L. Botua shak Fl, Gr, Rs H, er; w All upazilas M, Vg GMH 5547 Cyathula prostrata (L.) Blume Chya apang Gl, Fl, Rs H, pr; w Bg, Gc M FAA 105 Deeringia amaranthoides (Lam.) Merr. Golamohani Sj H, vi; w Bg, Tg M, Vg MAR 3743 Dysphania ambrosioides (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants* Chandan betu Fl, Rb, Rs H, er; w Gc, Mp, Tg M MSI 117 Gomphrena globosa L.* Bottum phul Hs, Rs H, er; pl Rs, Tg O MAR 3736 G. serrata L.* Sada bottum phul Gl, Fl, Rs H, pr; w All upazilas M MAR 3735 Portulacaceae Juss. Portulaca oleracea L.* Boronunia Fl, Rs H, pr; w Pg, Rs M, Vg SSS 3307 P. grandiflora Hook.* Time phul Hs, Rs H, pr; cv Rs, Tg O GMH 5527 P. quadrifida L. Chhoto nunia Hs, Rs H, pr; cv Rs O MAR 3742 Basellaceae Raf. Basella alba L. Pui shak Af, Hs H, cr; cv All upazilas Vg MSI 118 Molluginaceae Bartl. Glinus lotoides L. Kakdim Af, Rb, Rs H, pr; w Gc M MSI 119 G. oppositifolius (L.) Aug.DC. Gima shak Af, Fl H, pr; w All upazilas Vg GMH 5528 Trigastrotheca pentaphylla (L.) Thulin* Khetpapra Fl H, pr; w Gc, Mp, Pg, Tg M GMH 5546 Caryophyllaceae Juss. Polycarpon prostratum (Forssk.) Asch. & Schweinf. Chutki shak Gl, Fl H, pr; w Gc M MSI 120 Stellaria wallichiana Haines Sada fulki Fl, Rs H, pr; w Gc, Kn M MSI 121 Polygonaceae Juss. Persicaria barbata (L.) H.Hara Biskatali Fl, Wtl H, er; w Mp, Pr, Rs M FAA 106 P. chinensis (L.) H.Gross Pantabhat Rs H, er; w Gc, Pg Ed, M MSI 122 P. glabra (Willd.) M.Gómez Biskatali Fl H, er; w Kn, Mp, Tg M MAR 3741 P. hydropiper (L.) Delarbre Biskatali Af, Fl, Wtl H, er; w All upazilas M MSI 124 P. lapathifolia (L.) Delarbre; Syn. Polygonum lapathifolium L. Shet panimarich Af, Fl, Rs H, er; w Bg, Gc M MSI3867 P. minor (Huds.) Opiz; Syn. Polygonum minus Huds. Chhoto- bishkatali Af, Fl H, er; w Pg, Rs M MAI3737 P. orientalis (L.) Spach; Syn. Polygonum orientale L. Bara panimarich Fl, Wtl H, er; w Bg, Mp, Tg M MAR 3746 P. perfoliata (L.) H.Gross Kata bishkatali Af, Fl, Rs H, er; w Gc, Kn M, Vg MAR 3872 P. pubescens (Blume) H.Hara Lal bishkathali Fl, Rs, Wtl H, er; w Pg, Pc M MSI 123 P. viscosa (Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don) H.Gross ex Nakai Athalo bishkatali Af, Fl H, er; w Pg, Rs M MSI 125 Rumex dentatus L. Bon-palang Fl H, er; w Gc, Kn, Mp M GMH 5594 R. maritimus L. Dati-palang Fl H, er; w Gc, Mp, Rs M FAA 107 Dilleniaceae Salisb. Dillenia indica L. Chalta Wl T, m; pl All upazilas Fr, M FAA 108 340 KHAN et al. Scientific name Bangla name Habitat Habit Distribution Use RSE Dipterocarpaceae Blume Dipterocarpus turbinatus C.F.Gaertn. Teligarjan Wl, Rs T, l; pl Gc T SAK 3121 Hopea odorata Roxb. Telsur Wl, Rs T, l; pl Rs, Tg T SAK 3122 Shorea robusta Gaertn. Sal Wl T, l; w Bg T SAK 3123 Clusiaceae Lindl. Mesua ferrea L. Nageshawar Gr, Rs T, s; pl Rs M, O FAA 110 Garcinia cowa Roxb. ex Choisy Cawphal Gr, Hs T, m; pl Rs, Tg Fr MAR 3738 Elaeocarpaceae Juss. Elaeocarpus floribundus Blume Jalpai Gr, Hs, Wl T, m; pl All upazilas Fr, Oy MAR 3746 Sterculiaceae Vent. Abroma augustum (L.) L.f. Ulatkambal Hs, Sj S; w Gc, Kn, Tg Fb, M FAA 111 Melochia corchorifolia L. Tiki-okra Wl S; w All upazilas M MAR 3739 Sterculia foetida L. Baksho badam Gr, Rs T, l; pl Mp, Rs Fr, O GMH 5544 S. villosa Roxb. Udal Gr, Wl T, l; pl Pg M, Pp SSS 3314 Bombacaceae Kunth. Bombax ceiba L. Shimul Wl, Sj T, l; w All upazilas Fb, M MSI 126 Malvaceae Juss. Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench Dherosh Af, Hs H, er; cv All upazilas Vg MAR 3747 A. moschatus Medik. Mushokdana Sj, Fl H, er; w Bg, Mp, Rs, Tg M GMH 5545 Abutilon indicum (L.) Sweet Petari Fl, Rs, Sj S; w Bg, Kn, Mp, Pr M SSS 3312 Berrya cordifolia (Willd.) Burret. Chavandalai Rs T, l; w Rs O, T GMH 5584 Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn.* Shada shimul Gr, Hs, Rs T, m; pl Rs, Mp, Pg Fb, T MAR 3740 Corchorus aestuans L. Janglipat Sj S; w All upazilas Fb, M MSI 127 C. capsularis L. Pat Hs H, er; cv All upazilas Fb, Vg MSI 128 Grewia nervosa (Lour.) Panigrahi Asar, Pichundi Wl T, s; w Bg, Rs, Tg Ed, T MAR 3861 Hibiscus acetosella Welw. ex Hiern* Lalchokai Gr, Hs S; pl Gc M, Vg MAR 3760 H. mutabilis L.* Sthol paddo Gr, Hs T, s; pl All upazilas M SAK 3102 H. rosa-sinensis L.* Jaba Gr, Hs, Rs S; pl All upazilas O SAK 3111 H. sabdariffa L.* Chukar Gr, Hs S; pl Rs, Tg M SAK 3116 H. schizopetalus (Dyer) Hook.f.* Jhumko jaba Gr, Hs S; pl Mp, Pg O SAK 3119 H. surattensis L. Ram bhindi Gr, Hs S; pl All upazilas M SAK 3113 Malva verticillata L. Napa shak Af H, er; cv Gc, Pr, Pg, Tg Vg MIS 129 Malvaviscus arboreus Cav.* Morich joba Gr, Hs S; pl Pg, Tg O MAR 3751 Pentapetes phoenicea L. Bandhuli phul Gr, Hs S; pl Bg, Rs, Tg M, O GMH 5540 Pterygota alata (Roxb.) R.Br. Budha narikel Gr T, l; pl All upazilas M, T GMH 5541 Sida acuta Burm.f. Kureta Fl, Sj, Rs H, er; w Bg, Kn, Rs M FAA 112 S. cordata (Burm.f.) Bross. Waalk. Pitberela Fl, Sj, Rs H, er; w Mp M FAA 113 S. cordifolia L. Shet-berela Fl, Rs H, er; w All upazilas M MAR 3767 S. rhombifolia L. Lal-berela Fl, Rs H, er; w All upazilas Fb, M MSI 130 Triumfetta rhomboidea Jacq. Bon okra Fl, Wl, Sj S; w All upazilas Fb, M GMH 5587 Urena lobata L. Ban ghagra Fl, Sj, Rs S; w All upazilas Fb, M SSS 3318 A PRELIMINARY TAXONOMIC STUDY ON THE FLORA OF RANGPUR 341 Scientific name Bangla name Habitat Habit Distribution Use RSE Lecythidaceae A.Rich. Barringtonia acutangula (L.) Gaertn. Hijal Rs, Hs T, s; w Bg, Gc, Rs Fw, T FAA 114 Couroupita guianensis Aubl.* Naglingom Gr T, m; pl Rs O, M MAR 3880 Bixaceae Kunth Bixa orellana L.* Belatihaldi Gr T, s; pl Rs, Tg Dy, M MAR 3759 Passifloraceae Juss. ex Roussel Passiflora caerulea L.* Passion phal Gr, Hs H, vi; pl Tg Fr, M SAK 3110 Caricaceae Dumort. Carica papaya L.* Pepe Gr, Hs T, s; pl All upazilas Fr, Vg MAR 3752 Cucurbitaceae Juss. Benincasa hispida (Thunb.) Cogn* Chalkumra Hs H, vi; cv All upazilas Vg MAR 3759 Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai* Tormuj Fl, Hs H, vi; cv Gc, Kn Fr MAR 3766 Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt Telakucha Bw, Sj, Wl H, vi; w All upazilas M, Vg FAA 115 Cucumis melo L.* Kakur Fl, Hs H, vi; cv Pg, Mp, Tg Fr, Vg MAR 3753 C. sativus L. Khira Fl, Hs H, vi; cv All upazilas Vg MAR 3758 Cucurbita maxima Duchesne* Kumra Fl, Hs H, vi; cv All upazilas Vg MAR 3765 Diplocyclos palmatus (L.) C.Jeffrey Mala Fl, Sj H, vi; w Pr M MSI 131 Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.* Lao Fl, Hs H, vi; cv All upazilas Vg MAR 3754 Luffa acutangula (L.) Roxb. Jhinga Fl, Hs H, vi; cv All upazilas Vg MAR 3757 L. cylindrica M.Roem. Dhundal Fl, Hs H, vi; cv All upazilas Vg MAR 3756 Momordica charantia L. Karolla Fl, Hs H, vi; cv All upazilas Vg MAR 3755 M. dioica Roxb. ex Willd. Kakrol Fl, Hs, Sj H, vi; cv All upazilas Vg MAR 3761 Cucumis maderaspatanus L.; Syn. Mukia maderaspatana (L.) M.Roem. Agmukhi Bw, Gl, Sj H, vi; w Bg, Kn, Tg M FAA 116 Solena amplexicaulis (Lam.) Gandhi Rakhal sosha Sj H, vi; w Bg, Mp M GMH 5537 Trichosanthes dioica Roxb. Potol Hs H, vi; cv All upazilas Vg GMH 5535 T. cucumerina L. Bon chichinga Fl, Hs H, vi; cv Pr Vg MAR 3762 T. tricuspidata Lour* Makal Fl, Hs H, vi; cv Bg, Gc, Mp M GMH 5539 Salicaceae Mirb. Casearia tomentosa Roxb. Chilla Wdl T, s; w Bg, Rs Fw, M MAR 3881 Flacourtia indica (Burm.f.) Merr. Beuchi Sj, Wl S; w Pr, Pg Fr, M MSI 132 F. jangomas (Lour.) Raeusch. Lukluki Hs T, s; pl Pr, Pg Fr, M MSI 133 Capparaceae Juss. Capparis spinosa L. Katai Rs, Sj S; w Rs M, Fw MAR 3882 C. zeylanica L. Katai Sj S; w Pr, Pg Fr, M SSS 3306 Crateva magna (Lour.) DC. Borun Wtl T, s; w Bg, Gc Fw, M GMH 5529 Cleomaceae Bercht. & J.Presl Cleome houtteana Schltdl.* Hurhuria Gr, Rs, Fl H, er; pl Mp, Rs O SSS 3315 C. rutidosperma DC.* Nil hurhurey Bw, Fl, Gl, Rs H, er; w All upazilas M GMH 5534 C. viscosa L. Halud hurhurey Bw, Fl, Gl, Rs H, er; w Kn, Mp, Pg M GMH 5542 342 KHAN et al. Scientific name Bangla name Habitat Habit Distribution Use RSE Brassicaceae Burnett Brassica cretica Lam. Subsp. cretica; Syn. B. oleracea var. italica Plenck* Broccoli Af, Hs H, er; cv Pr, Pg, Mp, Rs Vg MSI 135 B. napus L.* Sarisha Af H, er; cv All upazilas Oy MAR 3763 B. nigra (L.) W.D.J.Koch* Rai Sarisha Gr, Hs H, er; cv All upazilas Oy MAR 3764 B. oleracea L.; Syn. B. oleracea var. capitata L.* Badhakapi Af H, er; cv All upazilas Vg MAR 3768 B. oleracea var. botrytis L.* Phulkapi Af H, er; cv Bg, Mp, Pr, Rs Vg MAR 3777 B. rapa L. Sarisha Af H, er; cv All upazilas Oy, Vg MSI 134 Cardamine cf. flexuosa With.* Bansarisha Af, Fl H, er; w All upazilas M MAH 3778 Raphanus sativus L. Mula Af, Hs H, er; cv All upazilas Vg MSI 137 Rorippa benghalensis (DC.) H.Hara Bel rai Af, Hs, Rs H, er; w All upazilas M MSI 138 R. indica (L.) Hiern Bansarisha Fl, Gr H, er; w All upazilas M SSS 3313 R. palustris (L.) Besser Panisarisha Fl, Hs, Rs H, er; w Pr, Pg M MSI 138 Moringaceae Martinov Moringa oleifera Lamk.* Shajna Hs, Rs T, m; pl All upazilas M, Vg MAR 3779 Sapotaceae Juss. Manilkara zapota (L.) P.Royen* Sopheda Gr, Hs T, m; pl All upazilas Fr, M GMH 5530 Mimusops elengi L. Bokul Gr, Hs T, m; pl Mp, Rs, Tg M, O GMH 5533 Ebenaceae Gürke Diospyros discolor Willd.* Bilati gab Gr, Hs T, m; pl All upazilas Fr, M FAA 117 D. malabarica (Desr.) Kostel. Deshi gab Wl T, m; w All upazilas Fr, M MAR 3769 D. montana Roxb. Tomal Sj, Wl T, s; w Pr, Tg Fw, M MSI 139 Hydrangeaceae Dumort. Hydrangea macrophylla (Thunb.) Ser.* Hydrangea Gr, Hs S; pl Tg O MAR 3903 Myrsinaceae R.Br. Ardisia solanacea (Poir.) Roxb. Banjam Wl S; w Mp, Pr, Rs M, O MSI 140 Maesa benghalensis Mez. Banglauni Sj, Wl S; w Mp, Pr, Rs M MSI 141 M. indica (Roxb.) A.DC. Ramjoni Sj, Wl S; w Pr, Pg M MSI 142 Crassulaceae J.St.-Hil. Kalachoe pinnata (Lam.) Pers.* Patharkuchi Gr, Hs H, er; pl All upazilas M, O MAR 3780 Rosaceae Juss. Rosa × centifolia L.* Golap Gr, Hs S; cv All upazilas M, O MAR 3769 R. chinensis Jacq.* Jangli golap Gr, Hs, Ml S; pl Tg Fn MAR 3776 Fragaria × ananassa (Duchesne ex Weston) Duchesne ex Rozier* Stawberry Gr, Hs H, cr; cv Gc Fr GMH 5532 Fragaria vesca L.* Jangli strawberry Sj H, cr; w Kn M GMH 5531 Mimosaceae R.Br. Acacia auriculiformis A.Cunn. ex Benth Akashmoni Fl, Rs, Wl T, l; pl All upazilas T SSS 3250 A. mangium Willd.* Mangium Gr, Wl T, l; pl Mp, Pr T SSS 3255 A PRELIMINARY TAXONOMIC STUDY ON THE FLORA OF RANGPUR 343 Scientific name Bangla name Habitat Habit Distribution Use RSE Albizia chinensis (Osbeck) Merr. Chakua koroi Hs, Rs T, l; pl All upazilas T MSI 143 A. lebbeck (L.) Benth. Kalo koroi Gr, Rs, Wl T, l; w All upazilas T SSS 3253 A. lucidior (Steud.) I.C.Nielsen ex H.Hara Motor koroi Wl T, l; w All upazilas T SSS 3252 A. niopoides var. niopoides (Spruce ex Benth.) Burkart; Syn. A. richardiana (Voigt) King & Prain* Raj siris Gr, Rs T, l; pl Pg, Rs, Tg M, T SSS 3260 A. odoratissima (L.f.) Benth. Tetuya koroi Rs T, m; pl Kn T FAA 118 A. procera (Roxb.) Benth. Shada/sil koroi Gr, Rs T, l; w All upazilas T SSS 3254 Samanea saman (Jacq.) Merr.; Syn. Albizia saman (Jacq.) Merr.* Shirish Rs, Wl, Ml T, l; pl All upazilas T, Sd SSS 3258 Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit* Ipil-ipil Fl, Rs, Wl T, l; pl All upazilas Fw, T SSS 3256 Mimosa diplotricha Sauvalle* Baralajjaboti Sj, Rs S; w Bg M SSS 3259 M. pudica L.* Lajjaboti Gl, Fl, Rs H, pr; w All upazilas M SSS 3257 Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth.* Khoi babla Rs T, m; pl Kn, Pr Fr, Fw SSS 3265 Senegalia catechu (L.f.) P.J.H.Hurter & Mabb.; Syn. Albizia catechu (L.f.) Willd. Khoir Gr T, m; pl Bg M, Tn MAR 3784 Vachellia nilotica (L.) P.J.H.Hurter & Mabb.; Syn. A. nilotica (L.) Delile Babla Fl, Rs T, m; w All upazilas Gu, M SSS 3251 Caesalpiniaceae R.Br. Bauhinia acuminata L. Sada kanchon Gr, Hs T, s; pl Tg O MAR 3879 B. purpurea L. Rakto kanchon Gr, Rs T, m; pl Tg M, O MAR 3775 B. variegata L. Lal kanchon Gr, Rs T, s; pl Mp, Rs M, O MAR 3781 Cassia fistula L. Badarlathi Gr, Rs T, m; w All upazilas M, O SSS 3272 C. javanica L. Banson alu Gr, Rs T, m; pl Gc, Rs O MAR 3877 Delonix regia (Hook.) Raf.* Krishnachura Rs T, l; pl All upazilas O GMH 5538 Peltophorum pterocarpum (DC.) K.Heyne* Meghsirish Gr, Rs T, l; pl Bg, Gc, Rs O GMH 5543 Saraca asoca (Roxb.) Willd. Ashok Gr, Wl T, m; pl Gc, Tg M, O MAR 3876 Senna alata (L.) Roxb.* Dadmardan Fl, Hs, Rs S; w Kn M SSS 3280 S. occidentalis (L.) Link* Barakalkesunda Fl, Rs S; w All upazilas M SSS 3267 S. siamea (Lam.) H.S.Irwin & Barn.* Minjiri Fl, Gr, Wl T, l; pl Gc, Mp, Rs Fw, O SSS 3261 S. sophera (L.) Roxb.* Kalkeshunda Fl, Sj, Rs S; w All upazilas M SSS 3282 S. tora (L.) Roxb.* Araj Fl, Gl, Rs H, er; w All upazilas M SSS 3283 Tamarindus indica L.* Tetul Gr, Hs, Wl T, l; pl All upazilas Fr, T MAR 3770 Xylia xylocarpa (Roxb.) Taub. Lohakath Gr, Wl T, l; pl Rs T SSS 3278 Fabaceae Lindl. Abrus precatorius L. Kunch Sj Liana; w Gc, Rs M SSS 3281 A. pulchellus Thwaites Shet kunch Sj Liana; w Gc M SSS 3277 Adenanthera pavonina L. Poa chandan Gr, Wl T, s; pl Rs M MAR 3771 Aeschynomene americana L.* Shola Fl, Wtl H, er; w Bg, Gc, Pg Fd, Fu MAR 3783 A. indica L. Bhatshola Fl, Wtl H, er; w All upazilas Gm, M MAR 3774 344 KHAN et al. Scientific name Bangla name Habitat Habit Distribution Use RSE Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub. Palash Gr, Rs, Wl T, m; pl All upazilas Dy, M SSS 3279 Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.* Arhar Fl, Hs S; cv All upazilas M, Pu SSS 3262 Clitoria ternatea L.* Aparajita Gr, Hs H, vi; pl All upazilas M, O SSS 3276 Crotalaria pallida Aiton Jhunjhuni Fl, Rs H, er; w Bg, Mp, Tg Fb, M SSS 3271 Dalbergia sissoo DC. Sisoo Gr, Wl, Rs T, l; pl Mp, Pr, Pg T SSS 3290 Desmodium gangeticum (L.) DC. Salpani Fl, Sj, Wl S; w All upazilas M SSS 3319 D. heterophyllum (Willd.) DC. Bon motorshuti Fl, Gl H, pr; w All upazilas Fd, M SSS 3318 Sohmaea laxiflora (DC.) H.Ohashi & K. Ohashi; Syn: Desmodium laxiflorum DC. Laximodi Fl, Sj H, pr; w All upazilas M MAR 3316 Erythrina fusca Lour. Kanta mandar Ml, Rs T, s; w Gc, Rs Fn, M SSS 3263 E. stricta Roxb. Rakta mandar Ml, Rs T, s; w Rs, Tg Fn, M SSS 3266 E. variegata L. Parijat, mandar Fl, Ml, Rs T, s; w All upazilas Fn, M SSS 3264 Grona triflora (L.) H.Ohashi & K.Ohashi Kodalia Fl, Gr, Rs H, cr; w Bg, Rs, Tg M SSS 3270 Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC. Bilaichimti Sj, Wl Liana; w Gc, Mp M, Po SSS 3293 Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) Urb. Shak alu Hs H, vi; cv Bg, Rs Ed, M MAR 3782 Phyllodium pulchellum (L.) Desv. Jatsalpani Wl S; w Bg, Gc, Pr M SSS 23275 Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre Koroch Gr T, m; w Rs Fu, M SSS 3273 Pterocarpus indicus Willd. Padauk Gr T, l; pl Gc, Pr M, O SSS 3268 Pueraria phaseoloides (Roxb.) Benth. Mugi kunch Fl, Sj Liana; w Bg, Gc, Kn Fd SSS 3269 Sesbania cannabina (Retz.) Pers. Dhonchi Fl, Hs, Ml S; cv Rs Fb, Gm SSS 3274 S. grandiflora (L.) Pers.* Bak phul Gr, Hs, Ml T, s; pl Bg Fd, Vg SSS 3284 Spatholobus parviflorus (DC.) Kuntze Polasia lata Sj, Wl Liana; w Gc, Tg Fb, M SSS 3285 Tephrosia candida (Roxb.) DC. Bilakshani Fl, Sj S; w All upazilas Gm, M MAR 3772 T. purpurea (L.) Pers. Bannil Fl, Sj S; w Bg Gm, M SSS 3291 Uraria lagopodioides (L.) DC. Chakulia Sj, Wl S; w All upazilas M SSS 3286 Vicia hirsuta (L.) Gray Masurchana Gl H, pr; w All upazilas Fd, M SSS 3292 Vigna aconitifolia (Jacq.) Marechal Bon mugh Fl, Sj H, vi; w Rs Fd SSS 3295 V. adenantha (G.Mey.) Maréchal, Mascherpa & Stainier Bon barbati Fl, Sj H, vi; w Mp, Pr, Rs Fd SSS 3299 V. mungo (L.) Hepper Mashkoli Af, Rs H, vi; cv All upazilas Pu, Fd MAR 3785 V. radiata (L.) R.Wilczek Shona mung Af H, vi; cv All upazilas Pu, Fd MAR 3793 V. unguiculata (L.) Walp. Barbati Af H, vi; cv All upazilas Vg SSS 3311 Lythraceae J.St.-Hil. Ammannia baccifera L. Dadmari Fl, Wtl H, er; w Bg, Gc, Pr M GMH 5536 Cuphea hyssopifolia Kunth* Panica Gr H, er; pl All upazilas O GMH 5563 Lagerstroemia indica L. Jarul Gr, Rs T, s; pl All upazilas O, T GMH 5562 L. speciosa (L.) Pers. Jarul Gr, Ml, Rs T, l; pl All upazilas O GMH 5595 Lawsonia inermis L.* Mehedi Gr, Hs T, s; pl All upazilas Dy, M GMH 5548 Punica granatum L.* Dalim, Bedana Hs S; pl Bg, Pr, Tg Dy, Fr GMH 5550 Rotala indica (Willd.) Koehne Ghurni Fl, Ml H, er; w Bg, Mp, Pr, Rs M GMH 5549 A PRELIMINARY TAXONOMIC STUDY ON THE FLORA OF RANGPUR 345 Scientific name Bangla name Habitat Habit Distribution Use RSE R. rotundifolia (Buch.-Ham. ex Roxb.) Koehne Dim ghurni Fl, Ml H, cr; w Bg, Pr, Rs M GMH 5551 Thymelaeaceae Juss. Aquilaria malaccensis Lam. Agar Gr T, m; pl Rs, Pr, Mp Pf, T MAR 3883 Myrtaceae Juss. Callistemon citrinus (Curtis) Skeels* Bottlebrush Gr, Rs, Hs T, s; pl Rs, Tg O GMH 5561 Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh.* Eucalyptus Gr, Rs T, l; pl Bg, Kn, Rs T, O GMH 5552 E. citriodora Hook.* Maleria gach Af, Rs, Wl T, l; pl Kn, Mp, Tg T, Fw MAR 3878 Psidium guajava L.* Peyara Gr, Hs T, s; pl All upazilas Fr, M FAA 126 Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels Kalojam Rs, Wl, Hs T, l; w All upazilas Fr, T FAA 127 S. fruticosum DC. Khudi jam Sj, Wl T, m; w Gc Fr, M FAA 128 S. jambos (L.) Alston Golapjam Gr T, l; pl Rs Fr, M GMH 5553 S. samarangense (Blume) Merr. & L.M.Perry Jamrul Gr, Hs T, l; pl All upazilas Fr MAR 3801 Onagraceae Juss. Ludwigia adscendens (L.) H.Hara Keshordam Wtl H, fl; w All upazilas M MSI 143 L. hyssopifolia (G.Don) Exell* Panipalong Fl, Ml, Wtl H, er; w Bg, Pr, Rs, Tg M MSI 144 L. octovalvis (Jacq.) P.H.Raven Atkora Af, Wtl H, er; w Pr, Rs Fd MSI 145 L. perennis L. Amorkura Fl, Gl H, er; w Pr M MSI 146 Combretaceae R.Br. Combretum indicum (L.) De Filipps Madhu-manjuri Gr, Hs Liana; pl All upazilas M, O MAR 3786 Terminalia arjuna (Roxb. ex DC.) Wight & Arn. Arjun Gr, Rs T, l; pl Bg, Rs, Tg M FAA 129 T. bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb. Bohera Gr, Rs, Wl T, l; pl Bg, Pr, Rs, Tg M FAA 130 T. catappa L. Kathbadam Gr, Rs T, l; pl All upazilas Ed, M FAA 131 T. chebula Retz. Horitoki Gr, Rs, Wl T, l; pl All upazilas M FAA 132 Rhizophoraceae Pers. Carallia brachiata (Lour.) Merr. Rosh cau Sj, Wl T, m; w Pg Fw, M FAA 133 Cornaceae Bercht. ex J.Presl Alangium chinense (Lour.) Harms. Marleja gach Sj, Wl T, s; w Mp, Tg Fw, M SSS 3308 A. salviifolium (L.f.) Wangerin Ankura Gr, Sj T, m; pl Bg, Pg, Rs M, Fu GMH 5585 Olacaceae R.Br. Olax scandens Roxb. Capsul gach Sj S, sc; w Pr M MAR 3800 Loranthaceae Juss. Dendrophthoe falcata (L.f.) Etting. Bajrangi Op S, ps; w All upazilas M FAA 134 Macrosolen cochinchinensis (Lour.) van Tiegh. Renda Op S, ps; w All upazilas M MSI 148 Scurrula parasitica L. Porgacha Op S, ps; w Mp, Pg, Rs M GMH 5560 Celastraceae R.Br. Celastrus paniculatus Willd. Malakangni Sj, Wl T, m; w Rs M, Po MAR 3908 Icacinaceae Miers Natsiatum herpeticum Buch.-Ham. ex Arn. Swarpa nata Sj, Wl H, vi; w All upazilas Ed, M MAR 3902 346 KHAN et al. Scientific name Bangla name Habitat Habit Distribution Use RSE Euphorbiaceae Juss. Acalypha indica L. Muktajhuri Fl, Gl, Rs, Sj H, er; w Bg, Gc, Tg M GMH 5591 Cnesmone javanica Blume Chotra Sj H, vi; w Gc M, Po MAR 3872 Chrozophora plicata (Vahl) A Juss. ex Spreng.* Khudiokra Fl, Gl H, er; w Rs M MAR 3873 Codiaeum variegatum (L.) Rumph. ex A.Juss.* Patabahar Gr S; pl All upazilas O MAR 3794 Croton bonplandianus Baill.* Nakphul Fl, Gl, Rs H, er; w All upazilas M MSI 150 C. roxburghii Balakrishman Saba Fl, Sj, Rs S, sc; w Pr, Pg Fu, M MAR 3787 Euphorbia cotinifolia L. Lal shalu Gr, Hs, Ml S; pl Tg M MAR 3788 E. hirta L.* Dudhia Fl, Gl, Rs H, pr; w All upazilas M FAA 135 E. milii Des Moul.* Kata mukut Gr S; pl Rs, Tg O MAR 3799 E. neriifolia L.* Manosha sij Gr, Hs, Ml S; pl Gc, Pr O, M GMH 5557 E. tithymaloides L.* Rangchita Gr, Hs H, er; w Rs M GMH 5553 E. thymifolia L.* Swetkerui Fl, Gl, Rs H, pr; w Rs M MAR 3795 E. tirucalli L. Nara sij Gr, Hs T, s; pl Tg M MAR 3875 E. trigona Mill.* Tinkona saje Gr, Hs S; pl Rs, Tg Fn MAR 3884 Jatropha curcus L.* Bagh bherenda Fl, Re T, s; w Gc, Kn, Pg Bf, Fn MAR 3885 Mallotus philippensis (Lam.) Müll.- Arg. Sinduri Sj, Wl S; w All upazilas Dy, M SAK 3112 M. nudiflorus (L.) Kulju & Welzen Pitali Sj, Rs, Wl T, m; w All upazilas Fw, T SAK 3114 M. repandus (Willd.) Müll.-Arg. Gunti Sj, Wl S, sc; w Gc M MAR 3789 M. tetracoccus (Roxb.) Kurz Kumaribura Sj, Wl T, s; w All upazilas M, Fw SAK 3115 Manihot esculenta Crantz* Kasava Gr, Hs T, s; pl Gc Ed, M SSS 3288 Ricinus communis L.* Bherenda Fl, Hs S; w All upazilas M, Oy GMH 5596 Suregada multiflora (A.Juss.) Baill. Ban naringa Wl T, s; w All upazilas Fw, M MAR 3798 Phyllanthaceae Martinov Antidesma acidum Retz. Multa Sj, Wl S; w Pr Ed, M MAR 3792 A. bunius (L.) Spreng. Banshialbuka Gr T, s; pl Rs, Tg Ed, M MAR 3797 A. ghaesembilla Gaertn. Khudijam Sj, Wl T, s; w Mp Fr, M MAR 3791 Aporosa octandra (Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don) Vickery Patkhorolla Sj, Wl T, s; w Gc, Mp Dy, Fw SAK 3106 A. wallichii R.Br. ex Wall. Kokra Sj, Wl T, s; w Gc Mp, Pr, Rs Fw, M SAK 3108 Baccaurea ramiflora Lour. Latkan Gr, Hs T, m; pl Kn, Pr, Rs Fr, M SSS 3296 Breynia vitis-idaea (Burm.f.) C.E.C.Fisch. Lal sitka Sj, Wl S, sc; w Gc, Kn M MAR 3796 Bridelia tomentosa Blume Harinhara Rs T, s; w Bg M MAR 3790 Flueggea virosa (Roxb. ex Willd.) Royle Khaukra Sj, Wl S; w Kn, Mp, Rs M SSS 3294 Phyllanthus acidus (L.) Skeels* Arboroi Gr, Hs T, s; pl All upazilas Fr, M SSS 3297 P. emblica L. Amloki Gr, Hs, Rs T, s; pl All upazilas Fr, M SSS 3298 P. niruri L.* Bhuiamla Fl, Gl H, er; w All upazilas M MAR 3802 A PRELIMINARY TAXONOMIC STUDY ON THE FLORA OF RANGPUR 347 Scientific name Bangla name Habitat Habit Distribution Use RSE P. multilocularis (Roxb. ex Willd.) Müll.Arg. Pannyaturi Sj, Ml S; w All upazilas Fw, M MAR 3884 P. reticulatus Poir. Chitki Fl, Sj S; w Pr Fu, M SAK 3107 P. urinaria L. Kalochitki Fl, Gl H, er; w Rs, Tg M MAR 3818 Putranjivaceae Endl. Putranjiva roxburghii Wall. Putronjiba Gr, Rs T, l; pl Bg, Gc, Tg M, T GMH 5559 Rhamnaceae Juss. Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. Boroi Gr, Hs, Wl T, m; w All upazilas Fr, Fw MSI 155 Z. oenoplia (L.) Mill. Bonboroi Sj, Wl S, sc; w All upazilas Fu, M FAA 136 Leeaceae Dumort. Leea asiatica (L.) Ridsdale Bonchalita Sj, Wl S; w Mp, Pr, Tg M MAR 3803 L. acuminata (Burm.f.) Merr. Phupharia Sj, Wl S; w Mp, Pr, Pg M MAR 3804 L. indica Merr. Kukurjibba Sj, Wl S; w Gc, Rs M MAR 3805 L. macrophylla Roxb. ex Hornem. Dholshomudro Hs, Sj, Wl S; w Pr M MAR 3806 L. rubra Blume ex Spreng. Aundabhanga Sj, Wl S; w Kn M MAR 3875 Vitaceae Juss. Ampelocissus indica (L.) Planch. Goalia lata Sj, Rs, Wl H, vi; w All upazilas M SAK 3105 A. latifolia (Roxb.) Planch. Angur lata Sj, Wl H, vi; w All upazilas M MSI 156 Causonis trifolia (L.) Mabb. & J.Wen Amal lata Sj, Wl H, vi; w Bg, Gc, Tg Fd, M MAR 3817 Cayratia pedata (Lam.) Gagnep. Goali lata Sj, Wl Liana; w Kn M FAA 137 Cissus adnata Roxb. Bhatia lata Sj, Wl H, vi; w Mp, Pr, Pg M MSI 157 C. assamica (M.A.Lawson) Craib Amasha lata Sj, Wl H, vi; w Kn M MAR 3807 C. javanika DC. Dukhu lata Sj, Wl H, vi; w Bg, Pg M FAA 138 C. quadrangularis L. Harjora Gr, Fl, Hs H, vi; w Rs, Tg M FAA 139 C. repanda (Wight & Arn.) Vahl Pani lata Gr, Fl, Hs H, vi; w Bg, Tg M SAK 3101 C. repens Lam. Marmaria pata Sj, Wl H, vi; w Kn, Rs M SAK 3118 Tetrastigma bracteolatum (Wall.) Planch. Ghonti lata Sj, Wl H, vi; w Bg, Gc, Pg Fd, M SAK 3104 T. leucostaphylum (Dennst.) Alston Horina lata Wl Liana; w Gc, Pr, Pg Fd MSI 158 Sapindaceae Juss. Cardiospermum halicacabum L. Lataphutki Fl, Sj H, vi; w All upazilas M SSS 3319 Dimocarpus longan Lour. Ashphal Gr, Hs T, m; pl All upazilas Fr MAR 3808 Lepisanthes rubiginosa (Roxb.) Leenh. Horina Fl, Gr, Wl T, s; w Kn, Mp, Pr Fr, Fw GMH 5558 L. senegalensis (Poir.) Leenh. Gotaharina Sj, Wl T, s; w Gc Fr, Fw GMH 5599 Litchi chinensis Sonn.* Litchu Gr, Hs T, m; pl All upazilas Fr SSS 3293 Anacardiaceae R.Br. Lannea coromandelica (Houtt.) Merr. Jiga Fl, Ml, Wl T, s; w All upazilas Fn, Gu GMH 5554 Mangifera indica L.* Aam Gr, Hs, Wl T, l; w All upazilas Fr, T GMH 5598 Spondias dulcis Parkinson* Belati amrah Gr, Hs T, l; pl All upazilas Fr SSS 3287 S. pinnata (L.f.) Kurz Buno amrah Sj Wl T, m; w All upazilas Fr SSS 3320 348 KHAN et al. Scientific name Bangla name Habitat Habit Distribution Use RSE Meliaceae Juss. Aphanamixis polystachya (Wall.) R.Parker Pitraj Hs, Wl T, m; w All upazilas M, Oy SSS 3289 Azadirachta indica A.Juss. Neem Hs, Rs, Wl T, m; w All upazilas M GMH 5614 Khaya anthotheca (Welw.) C.DC.* Lombu Gr, Rs T, l; pl All upazilas T MAR 3816 Melia azedarach L. Goranim Rs, Wl T, m; pl All upazilas T, M GMH 5555 Swietenia macrophylla King* Bara mehagani Gr, Hs, Rs T, l; pl Rs, Tg T MAR 3815 S. mahagoni (L.) Jacq.* Mehagani Gr, Hs, Rs T, l; pl All upazilas T MAR 3814 Toona ciliata M.Roem. Rangi rata Sj, Rs, Wl T, m; w All upazilas M, T SAK 3130 Rutaceae Juss. Aegle marmelos (L.) Corrêa Bel Hs, Wl T, m; w All upazilas Fr, M SSS 3327 Citrus aurantiifolia (Christm.) Swingle* Lebu Gr, Hs S; pl All upazilas Fr SSS 3300 C. limon (L.) Osbeck* Gora lebu Gr T, s; pl Gc, Mp Fr, Pi MAR 3809 C. maxima (Burm.) Osbeck* Batabilebu Gr, Hs T, s; pl All upazilas Fr GMH 5554 C. reticulata Blanco; Syn. Citrus × aurantium L. Kamola Gr, Hs T, s; pl Rs, Tg Fr MAR 3885 Clausena heptaphylla (Roxb.) Wight & Arn. Pan mouri Gr S; pl Gc, Rs M MAR 3813 Feronia limonia (L.) Swingle ; Syn. Limonia acidissima L. Kadbel, Kathibel Gr, Hs T, m; pl All upazilas Fr SSS 3305 Glycosmis pentaphylla (Retz.) A.DC. Ashseora Fl, Sj, Wl S; w All upazilas Fu, M FAA 138 Micromelum minutum Wight & Arn. Bankuch Sj, Rs, Wl T, s; w All upazilas M MSI 159 Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng. Curry patta Fl, Gr, Wl T, s; pl All upazilas M, Sp MAR 3812 M. paniculata (L.) Jack Kamini Gr, Rs, Wl T, s; pl Rs, Tg M, O GMH 5556 Oxalidaceae R.Br. Averrhoa bilimbi L.* Bilimbi Gr, Hs T, s; pl All upazilas Fr GMH 5580 A. carambola L.* Kamranga Gr, Hs T, s; pl All upazilas Fr GMH 5579 Oxalis corniculata L.* Amrul Gl, Rs H, pr; w All upazilas M, Vg MAR 3811 O. debilis Kunth* Golapi amrul Gr, Hs, Fl H, pr; cv Rs, Tg O MAR 3819 Balsaminaceae A.Rich. Impatiens balsamina L.* Dopati Gr, Rs H, er; pl Rs O SSS 3301 Araliaceae Juss. Heteropanax fragrans (Roxb.) Seem. Guti suna Sj, Wl T, s; w Gc, Kn, Tg Fw, M GMH 5606 Polyscias guilfoylei (W.Bull) L.H.Bailey* Polyscias Gr, Hs S; pl Tg M, O MAR 3893 P. scutellaria (Burm.f.) Fosberg* Balbusaya pata Gr S; pl Tg M, O MAR 3820 Schefflera arboricola (Hayata) Merr.* Schefflera Gr S; pl Rs, Tg O MAR 3835 Apiaceae Lindl. Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. Thankuni Fl, Gl H, cr; w All upazilas M, Vg SSS 3303 Coriandrum sativum L.* Dhonia Fl, Gr, Hs, H, er; cv All upazilas M, Sp MAR 3828 Daucus carota L.* Gajor Af H, er, cv All upazilas M, Vg MSI 160 Eryngium foetidum L.* Bilatedhoneya Gr, Hs H, er; w All upazilas M, Sp GMH 5573 A PRELIMINARY TAXONOMIC STUDY ON THE FLORA OF RANGPUR 349 Scientific name Bangla name Habitat Habit Distribution Use RSE Oenanthe benghalensis Benth. & Hook.f. Bondhonia Fl, Gl, Ml H, er; w All upazilas M SSS 3302 O. javanica (Bl.) DC. Bandhania Af, Fl, H, er; w Gc, Rs M MAR 3836 Apocynaceae Juss. Adenium obesum (Forssk.) Roem. & Schult.* Adenium Gr H, er, pl Rs O MAR 3886 Allamanda blanchetii A.DC.* Golapi ghonta Gr, Hs S, sc; Pl Tg O MAR 3896 A. cathartica L.* Ghonta phul Gr, Hs, Rs S; pl All upazilas O SSS 3304 Alstonia scholaris (L.) R.Br. Chhatim Rs, Wl T, l; w All upazilas M GMH 5600 Calotropis gigantea (L.) W.T.Aiton Akondo Ml, Rs S; w Bg, Mp, Pr, Rs Fb, M SSS 3321 Carissa carandas L. Karamcha Gr, Hs, Sj S; pl All upazilas Fr, Pg SSS 3328 Cascabela thevetia (L.) Lippold* Kolkey phul Gr, Hs T, s; pl All upazilas M, O MAR 3821 Catharanthus roseus (L.) G.Don* Noyantara Gr, Hs, Rs H, er; w All upazilas M, O GMH 5572 Cerbera odollam Gaertn. Dahur Gr T, m; pl Tg M, O MAR 3892 Dischidia nummularia R.Br. Knachiba Gr, Hs H, vi; cv Tg O MAR 3891 D. oiantha Schltr.* Dischidia Gr, Hs H, vi; cv Tg O MAR 3890 Holarrhena pubescens Wall. ex G.Don Kurchi Gr, Sj, Wl T, s; w Gc, Pr Fw, M MSI 161 Hoya australis R.Br. ex Traill* Hawa lata Gr H, vi; cv Tg O MAR 3901 H. verticillata (Vahl) G.Don var. verticillata; Syn. H. parasitica Wall. ex Wight Hoya lata Op H, pr; w Bg, Mp, Pr, Pg Fb, M FAA 140 Ichnocarpus frutescens (L.) Aiton Parallia lata Fl, Sj, Wl Liana; w All upazilas Fb, M FAA 139 Nerium oleander L.* Rakta karobi Gr, Hs, Rs T, s; pl All upazilas O MAR 3822 Plumeria alba L.* Shada kathgolap Gr, Hs, Rs T, m; pl Rs, Tg O MAR 3823 P. rubra L.* Lal kathgolap Gr, Hs, Rs T, m; pl Rs O SAK 3121 Tabernaemontana divaricata (L.) R.Br. ex Roem & Schult. Tagar Gr, Rs, Sj, Wl S; w All upazilas M, O SAK 3132 Telosma cordata (Burm.f.) Merr. Kanza lata Sj, Wl H, vi; w All upazilas M MSI 162 Solanaceae Juss. Capsicum annuum L.* Morich Gr, Hs H, er; cv All upazilas Sp SSS 3329 Cestrum diurnum L.* Hasnahena Hs S; pl Gc, Rs, Ts O GMH 5605 Datura stramonium L.* Sada dhutra Fl, Gr, Rs S; w All upazilas M SSS 3330 Nicotiana plumbaginifolia Viv.* Ban tamak Fl, Gl, Rs H, er; w All upazilas M GMH 5601 Petunia hybrida E.Vilm.* Petunia Gr, Rs H, er; pl Gc, Rs, Tg O SSS 3322 Physalis angulata L.* Futka Fl, Gl, Rs H, er; w All upazilas M FAA 141 Solanum americanum Mill.* Tit-begun Fl, Gl, Rs H, er; w Gc, Mp, Pr M MSI 163 S. lycopersicum L.* Tomato Af, Hs H, pr; cv All upazilas Vg MSI 164 S. melongena L.* Begun Gr, Hs S; w All upazilas Vg SSS 3331 S. torvum Sw.* Gota begun Fl, Sj, Rs S; w Bg, Kn, Mp, Tg M, Vg SSS 3332 S. tuberosum L.* Alu Af H, pr; cv All upazilas Vg MSI 165 S. violaceum Ortega Phutkibegun Fl, Sj, Rs S; w Pr M MSI 166 S. virginianum L. Kantakari Fl, Rs H, pr; w Bg M MAR 3829 350 KHAN et al. Scientific name Bangla name Habitat Habit Distribution Use RSE Convolvulaceae Juss. Aniseia martinicensis (Jacq.) Choisy* Shadamati Fl, Gl H, vi; w Gc M MAR 3830 Argyreia capitiformis (Poir.) Ooststr. Bijtarak Sj, Wl S, sc; w Gc M MAR 3831 Camonea umbellata (L.) A.R. Simões & Staples* Goria lota Fl, Gl, Rs H, vi; w Bg, Kn, Rs M MAR 3824 C. vitifolia (Burm.f.) A.R.Simões & Staples Korma lata Sj, Wl H, vi; w Tg, Gc M MAR 3825 Evolvulus nummularius (L.) L.* Bhui okra Fl, Gl, Rs H, cr; w Tg M, Sb SSS 3333 Ipomoea aquatica Forssk. Kalmi shak Fl, Wtl H, cr; w All upazilas Vg SS 3324 I. fistulosa Mart. ex Choisy* Dhol kalmi Fl, Ml S; w All upazilas Pp, Sb MAR 3834 I. obscura (L.) Ker Gawl. Kura kalmi Gr, Rs H, vi; w Rs Fo, M MAR 3832 I. quamoclit L.* Kunja lata Gr, Hs H, vi; pl Tg O MAR 3833 I. tricolor Cav.* Morning glory Gr, Hs H, vi; pl Tg O MAR 3826 Xenostegia tridentata (L.) D.F.Austin & Staples Prasarini Gl, Rs H, vi; w Gc M MAR 3827 Cuscutaceae Dumort. Cuscuta chinensis Lam. China sharno lata Op H, ps; w Gc, Mp M SSS 3335 C. reflexa Roxb. Sharno lata Op H, ps; w All upazilas M GMH 5611 Menyanthaceae Dumort. Nymphoides cristata (Roxb.) Kuntze Chand mala Wtl H, fl; w Bg, Tg Ed MAR 3837 N. hydrophylla (Lour.) Kuntze Chand mala Wtl H, fl; w All upazilas M MAR 3838 N. indica (L.) Kuntze Panchuli mala Wtl H, fl; w Bg, Mp, Pr, Tg Ed, M MAR 3895 Polemoniaceae Juss. Phlox drummondii Hook.* Flox Gr, Rs H, er; pl Kn, Rs, Tg O MAR 3839 Hydroleaceae R.Br. ex Edwards Hydrolea zeylanica (L.) Vahl Kasschera Wtl H, pr; w All upazilas M MSI 161 Boraginaceae Juss. Heliotropium indicum L.* Hatisur Fl, Gl, Rs H, er; w All upazilas M FAA 142 Cordia dichotoma G.Forst. Bohola, Bola Sj, Wl T, m; w Gc, Pr, Pg Gu, M GMH 5612 C. grandis Roxb. Kum, Kalauja Rs T, m; w Tg M, T MAR 3901 Verbenaceae J.St.-Hil. Duranta erecta L.* Duranto Gr, Ml, Rs S; pl Rs, Tg O SAK 3129 Lantana camara L.* Kutuskanta Rs, Sj, Wl S; w Bg, Gc, Tg, Tg M SAK 3131 Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E.Br. ex Britton & P.Wilson* Pichas-lakri Fl, Sj S; w All upazilas M FAA 143 Petrea volubilis L.* Nilmoni lata Gr S, sc; pl Tg O MAR 3840 Phyla nodiflora (L.) Greene Vuiokra Fl, Gl, Rs H, cr; w All upazilas M FAA 144 Lamiaceae Martinov Anisomeles indica (L.) Kuntze. Gobura Fl, Wl H, er; w All upazilas M SSS 135 Callicarpa arborea Roxb. Bormala Sj T, l; w Tg T, Fw MAR 3969 Clerodendrum indicum (L.) Kuntze Bamunhatti Fl, Sj, Wl S; w All upazilas M MSI 162 A PRELIMINARY TAXONOMIC STUDY ON THE FLORA OF RANGPUR 351 Scientific name Bangla name Habitat Habit Distribution Use RSE C. infortunatum L. Bhat Fl, Sj, Rs, Wl S; w All upazilas M MAR 3853 C. splendens G.Don* Shum bhat Gr S; pl Rs M MAR 3852 Coleus scutellarioides (L.) Benth.; Syn. Plectranthus scutellarioides (L.) R.Br.* Coleus Bw, Fl, Gr, Rs H, er; w Bg, Gc, Rs O MAR 3846 Gmelina arborea Roxb. Gamari Gr, Wl T, l; pl All upazilas T MSI 163 Hyptis capitata Jacq.* Tata tokma Fl, Rs, Sj H, er; w Bg, Gc, Tg M FAA 145 Leucas zeylanica (L.) W.T.Aiton Dondokalosh Bw, Fl, Gl, Rs H, er; w Kn, Pr, Rs M FAA 147 Leonurus sibiricus L. Rokto-dron Fl, Rs H, er; w Bg, Mp M MAR 3847 Ocimum basilicum L. Bantulsi Fl, Gr, Hs H, er; w Mp, Kn, Pg M SSS 3323 O. gratissimum L. Ram tulsi Gr, Hs H, er; w Rs, Tg M SSS 3325 O. tenuiflorum L. Kalo tulsi Fl, Gr, Hs H, er; w All Upazilas M SSS 3326 Mesosphaerum suaveolens (L.) Kuntze; Syn. Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit.* Tokma Fl, Rs, Sj H, er; w Gc, Mp, Rs M FAA 146 Pogostemon auricularius (L.) Hassk. Aripachuli Fl, Gl, Rs H, er; w All upazilas M MAR 3887 Rotheca serrata (L.) Steane & Mabb. Bamanhati Sj, Wl S; w Pr M GMH 5602 Salvia splendens Sellow ex Schult.* Lal sagi Gr, Rs, Hs H, er; pl Rs, Tg O MAR 3841 Tectona grandis L.f. Shegun Rs, Wl T, l; pl All upazilas T GMH 5603 Vitex negundo L. Nishinda Fl, Sj, Rs S; w Kn, Tg M GMH 5575 V. peduncularis Wall. ex Schauer Goda Gr, Wl T, m; pl Bg T MAR 3842 Volkameria inermis L.* Shia vat Gr, Rs S; pl All upazilas M, O GMH 5571 Plantaginaceae Juss. Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst. Brahmi shak Af, Wtl H, pr; w Pr, Pg M GMH 5610 Limnophila aromatica (Lam.) Merr. Pani korpur Fl, Wtl H, pr; w Gc, Pr, Tg M GMH 5564 L. chinensis (Osbeck) Merr. Anguli ghash Fl, Wtl H, pr; w Gc, Pr, Tg M GMH 5566 L. heterophylla (Roxb.) Benth. Patakutra Wtl H, fl; w Gc, Mp, Pr, Tg M, O SSS 3334 L. indica (Linn.) Druce Pani karpur Wtl H, pr; w Kn, Pr, Tg M MSI 163 L. sessiliflora (Vahl) Blume Bamonkeshori Wtl H, em; w Kn, Mp, Tg Wp FAA 148 Mecardonia procumbens (Mill.) Small* Micardan Fl, Gl, Rs H, pr; w All upazilas M GMH 5570 Microcarpaea minima (K.D.Koenig ex Retz.) Merr. Lalmanik Wtl H, pr; w Pr M MAR 3897 Scoparia dulcis L.* Bondhone Fl, Gl, Rs H, er; w All upazilas M MSI 164 Oleaceae Hoffmanns. & Link Jasminum grandiflorum L. Jui Gr S; pl Tg M, O SSS 3334 J. multiflorum (Burm.f.) Andrews Chameli Gr, Hs S; pl Rs, Tg M, O SSS 3345 J. sambac (L.) Sol.* Beli Gr, Rs, Hs S; pl Bg, Mp, Pr, Tg O SSS 3346 J. scandens (Retz.) Vahl Paharijui Sj, Wl S; w Bg, Pr, Rs, Tg M SSS 3336 Nyctanthes arbor-tristis L. Sheuli Gr, Hs T, s; pl All upazilas M, O SSS 3337 352 KHAN et al. Scientific name Bangla name Habitat Habit Distribution Use RSE Linderniaceae Borsch, Kai Müll. & Eb.Fisch. Bonnaya antipoda (L.) Druce; Syn. Lindernia antipoda (L.) Alston Zai ghas Af, Fl, Hs, Rs H, pr; w All upazilas M MSI 165 Lindernia ciliata (Colsm.) Pennell Bhui papri Fl, Gl, Rs H, pr; w Gc, Kn, Mp M FAA 149 L. crustacea (L.) F.Muell. Chapra ghas Fl, Gl, Rs H, pr; w All upazilas M FAA 150 L. procumbens (Krock.) Borbás Bakpuspa Fl, Gl, Rs H, pr; w Bg, Pr, Mp, Tg M MAR 3851 L. rotundifolia (L.) Alston Tan chapra Fl, Gl, Rs H, pr; w Gc, Pr, Tg M MAR 3843 Torenia diffusa D.Don Ushatoren Fl, Rs H, pr; w Gc O MAR 3888 T. anagallis (Burm.f.) Wannan, W.R. Barker & Y.S.Liang; Syn. Lindernia anagallis (Burm.f.) Pennell. Pani ghas Af, Fl, Wtl H, pr; w All upazilas Fd MSI 166 Mazaceae Reveal Mazus pumilus (Burm.f.) Steenis Tutra Fl, Gl, Rs H, pr; w All upazilas M MSI 167 Gesneriaceae Rich. & Juss. Aeschynanthus pulcher (Blume) G.Don* Lipstick plant Op H, vi; cv Tg O MAR 3987 Acanthaceae Juss. Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees Kalomegh Gr, Hs, Wl H, er; w Rs M MAR 3848 Dicliptera paniculata (Forssk.) I.Darbysh.; Syn. Peristrophe paniculata (Forssk.) Brummitt Nashabhanga Rs, Gl, Wl H, er; w Bg, Rs, Tg M MAR 3898 Ecbolium ligustrinum (Vahl) Vollesen Shial leza Fl, Wl H, er; w Bg, Tg M SSS 3339 Fittonia albivenis (Lindl. ex Veitch) Brummitt* Fittunia Gr, Hs H, pr; cv Tg O MAR 3889 Hemigraphis hirta (Vahl) T.Anderson.; Syn. Strobilanthes hirta (Vahl) Blume Buri pan Fl, Gr, Rs H, cr; w All upazilas M MSI 168 Hygrophila erecta (Burm.f.) Hochr Filareck Wtl H, er; w Pr, Pg, Rs M MAR 3850 H. auriculata (Schumach.) Heine Kulekhara Wtl H, er; w Gc, Pr M, Fd MSI 169 H. polysperma (Roxb.) T.Anderson Alai kalai Fl, Wtl H, pr; w All upazilas M MSI 170 Justicia adhatoda L. Bashok Gr, Hs, Rs S; pl All upazilas M SSS 3344 J. diffusa Willd. Pitapapra Fl, Sj H, pr; w Tg M SSS 3352 J. gendarussa Burm.f. Jagotmadan Fl, Ml, Sj H, er; w All upazilas Fn, M GMH 5609 Lepidagathis incurva Buch.-Ham. Karuggathis Fl, Sj, Rs H, pr; w Mp M GMH 5613 Nelsonia canescens (Lam.) Spreng. Paramul Fl, Gl, Wl H, pr; w Bg, Pr, Pg, Rs M GMH 5623 Phaulopsis imbricata (Forssk.) Sweet* Bhuiba shak Sj, Wl H, pr; w Pr, Pg, Rs M MAR 3844 Phlogacanthus tubiflorus Nees Agni golak Gr, Sj, Wl S; w Bg M MAR 3846 Ruellia tuberosa L.* Chotpotey Fl, Wl H, er; w Pr, Pg, Rs M, O GMH 5608 Rungia pectinata (L.) Nees Pindi Fl, Gl, Rs H, pr; w Pr, Pg, Rs M GMH 5574 Thunbergia grandiflora (Roxb. ex Rottl.) Roxb. Neel lota Ml, Sj, Wl H, vi; w Kn, Mp, Tg M MAR 3849 A PRELIMINARY TAXONOMIC STUDY ON THE FLORA OF RANGPUR 353 Scientific name Bangla name Habitat Habit Distribution Use RSE Pedaliaceae R.Br. Sesamum indicum L. Til Af H, er; cv Gc, Kn Oy SAK 3122 Bignoniaceae Juss. Crescentia cujete L.* Paglabel, dugdugi Hs T, s; pl Mp M, O MAR 3855 Kigelia africana (Lam.) Benth. Jhar fanoos Gr T, m; pl Rs O MAR 3986 Mansoa alliacea (Lam.) A.H.Gentry* Rasun lata Gr, Hs Liana; pl Rs, Tg O MAR 3863 Oroxylum indicum (L.) Kurz Kanidingi Sj, Wl T, m; w All upazilas M MSI 171 Stereospermum chelonoides (L.f.) DC. Dharmara Rs, Wl T, m; w Rs M, T MAR 3889 Spathodea campanulata P.Beauv.* Rudra polash Gr, Rs T, l; pl Pg M, O SSS 3351 Tecoma stans (L.) Juss. ex Kunth* Sonapati Gr, Rs T, s; pl Pg, Rs, Tg O SSS 3350 Lentibulariaceae Rich. Utricularia vulgaris L. Patajhajhi Wtl H, sm; w All upazilas M, Wp GMH 5565 Campanulaceae Juss. Lobelia zeylanica L. Anica lobe Fl, Rs, Sj H, pr; w Tg Ed MAR 3871 Rubiaceae Juss. Canthium parvifolium Roxb. Chaikhan Sj, Wl T, s; w Mp, Pg M MAR 3900 Catunaregam spinosa (Thunb.) Tirveng. Mankanta Sj, Wl S; w Pr Fu, M MSI 172 Coffea arabica L.* Koffee Gr S; pl Tg Bv, M SAK 3123 C. benghalensis B.Heyne ex Schult. Bangla koffe Sj, Wl S; w All upazilas M GMH 5567 Dentella repens (L.) J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. Bhuipat Fl, Gl H, pr; w All upazilas M SSS 3347 Gardenia jasminoides J.Ellis Gondhoraj Gr, Hs S; pl Tg M, O MAR 3866 Ixora coccinea L. Rangon Gr, Rs, Hs S; pl Pr, Tg O SAK 3124 I. undulata Roxb. Palkajui Sj, Wl S; w Tg M SAK 3125 Meyna pubescens (Kurz) Robyns Sarol moina Sj, Wl S; w Pr M MAR 3899 M. spinosa Roxb. ex Link Katai Sj, Wl S; w Pr M MAR 3856 Morinda angustifolia Roxb. Pandusi Sj, Wl S; w Bg, Kn, Mp, Pg M MAR 3910 M. citrifolia L. Noni Sj, Wl S; w Gc, Kn, Tg M GMH 5576 Mussaenda erythrophylla Schumach. & Thonn.* Lal mussenda Gr, Hs S; pl Mp, Rs, Tg O SSS 3348 M. glabra Vahl. Sada mussenda Gr, Hs S; pl Mp, Pr, Rs, Tg O SSS 3349 M. philippica A.Rich.* Mussenda Gr, Hs S; pl Rs, Tg O SSS 3340 Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser Kadom Rs, Wl T, l; w All upazilas O, T SAK 3129 Oldenlandia corymbosa L.; Syn. Hedyotis corymbosa (L.) Lamk. Khet papra Af. Fl, Gl, Rs H, pr; w All upazilas M MSI 175 Paederia foetida L. Gandhya bhaduli Gr, Hs, Sj H, vi; w Mp, Pr M MSI 177 354 KHAN et al. Scientific name Bangla name Habitat Habit Distribution Use RSE Richardia scabra L.* Taraphul Fl, Gl, Rs, Wl H, pr; w Bg, Tg M SAK 3133 Scleromitrion diffusum (Willd.) R.J.Wang; Syn. Hedyotis diffusa Willd., Oldenlandia diffusa (Willd.) Roxb. Khetpapra Af, Fl, Gl, Rs H, pr; w All upazilas M MSI 174 Spermacoce articularis L.f. Baghajangla Fl, Gl, Rs, Wl H, pr; w All upazilas M SAK 3134 S. exilis (L.O.Williams) C.D.Adams ex W.C.Burger & C.M.Taylor* Baghajangla Fl, Gl, Rs, Wl H, pr; w Gc, Kn, Mp M GMH 5568 Asteraceae Bercht. & J.Presl Acmella calva (DC.) R.K.Jansen. Surjakonnya Fl, Gr, Rs H, pr; w All upazilas M SAK 3135 A. paniculata (Wall. ex DC.) R.K.Jansen Surjakonnya Fl, Gr, Rs H, pr; w Gc, Pr, Rs, Tg M SAK 3136 Ageratum conyzoides (L.) L.* Fulkuri Fl, Rs, Sj H, er; w All upazilas M SAK 3126 Blumea densiflora DC. Kukurshinga Fl, Gl, Rs H, er; w All upazilas M MAR 3856 B. clarkei (Hook.f.) DC. Monchotta Fl, Rs H, er; w Pg, Tg M MAR 3865 B. lacera (Burm.f.) DC. Barokukshim Fl, Gl, Rs H, er; w All upazilas M SAK 2026 B. oxyodonta DC. Choto kukurshinga Fl, Gl, Ml H, er; w Gc M MAR 3870 Calendula officinalis L.* Calendula Gr, Rs H, er; pl Tg O SAK 3131 Centipeda minima (L.) A.Br. & Asch. Nakchikni Fl, Gl, Rb H, pr; w All upazilas M MAR 3857 Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King & H.Rob.* Bon motmotia Gl, Rb H, er; w All upazilas M SAK 3129 Conyza semipinnatifida Wall. ex DC. Conyza Af, Fl, Rs H, er; w Bg, Mp M MAR 3862 Cosmos bipinnatus Cav.* Cosmos Gr, Rs H, er; pl Rs, Tg O GMH 5569 C. sulphureus Cav.* Cosmos Gr, Rs H, er; pl Mp O SSS 3343 Cotula hemisphaerica Wall. ex Benth. & Hook.f. Nooney shak Gr H, pr; w Kn, Pr M SAK 3132 Crassocephalum crepidioides (Benth.) S.Moore Teolang Fl, Rs H, er; w Pr M MAR 3909 Cyanthillium cinereum (L.) H.Rob. Shialmutra Fl, Gl, Rs H, er; w All upazilas M MAR 3869 Dahlia imperialis Roezl ex Ortgies* Dalia Gr, Rs H, er; pl Tg O SSS 3340 Eclipta prostrata (L.) L.* Kalokeshi Fl, Gl, Rs H, pr; w All upazilas M SSS 3341 Elephantopus scaber L. Hastipadi Gl, Rs, Wl H, cr; w Kn, Pr, Tg M SSS 3342 Emilia sonchifolia (L.) DC. Mechitra Fl, Gl H, er; w Rs M GMH 5625 Enydra fluctuans DC. Helencha Wtl H, pr; w Bg, Gc, Kn M, Vg GMH 5607 Gerbera jamesonii Adlam* Jarbera Gr, Rs H, er; pl Rs, Tg O GMH 5576 Gamochaeta pensylvanica (Willd.) Cabrera; Syn. Gnaphalium pensylvanicum Wild. Kula kolmi Af, Gr, Fl, Rs H, er; w Gc, Pg M MAR 3902 Gnaphalium polycaulon Pers. Bara kamra Fl, Gr, Gl H, er; w Gc, Kn, Pr M MAR 3868 Grangea maderaspatana (L.) Poir. Nemuti Af, Fl H, er; w All upazilas M MAR 3911 Helianthus annuus L. Surjamukhi Af, Hs H, er; cv Bg, Mp, Pr, Rs O, Oy MAR 3912 A PRELIMINARY TAXONOMIC STUDY ON THE FLORA OF RANGPUR 355 Scientific name Bangla name Habitat Habit Distribution Use RSE Helichrysum luteoalbum (L.) Rchb.; Syn. Pseudognaphalium luteoalbum (L.) Hilliard & B.L.Burtt Shet lumi Af, Gr, Fl, Rs H, er; w Tg M MAR 3917 Hemisteptia lyrata (Bunge) Fisch. & C.A.Mey. Ban shimul Fl, Rs H, er; w Bg M MAR 3918 Launaea asplenifolia Hook.f.* Tik-chana Fl, Rs H, er; w Rs M SAK 3149 Mikania cordata (Burm.f.) B.L.Rob.* Assam lata Fl, Ml, Sj H, vi; w All upazilas Fd, M SAK 3150 Parthenium hysterophorus L.* Parthenium Fl, Rs H, er; w All upazilas M, Po SAK 3154 Pluchea paniculata (Willd.) Karthik. & Moorthy; Syn. B. Membranacea DC. Kukurshinga Fl, Gl, Rs H, er; w All upazilas M SAK 3127 Pseudelephantopus spicatus (B.Juss. ex Aubl.) C.F.Baker* Kukurjibba Ml, Rs H, er; w Bg, Pr M MAR 3903 Sonchus arvensis L.* Chashar Fl, Gl, Rs H, er; w Gc, Tg M SAK 3148 Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) Pruski* Bhringaraj Fl, Rs H, pr; w Rs Fd, O SAK 3153 Synedrella nodiflora (L.) Gaertn.* Nak phul Fl, Gl, Rs H, er; w All upazilas M SAK 3147 Tagetes erecta L.* Gada, ganda Gr, Hs H, er; pl All upazilas M, O GMH 5581 Tridax procumbens (L.) L.* Tridhara Fl, Rs, Gl H, er; w All upazilas M GMH 5604 Xanthium strumarium L.* Ghagra Fl, Gl H, er; w All upazilas M MAR 3867 Youngia japonica (L.) DC. Youngaful Fl, Gl, Rs H, er; w Gc, Mp, Pr, Tg M MAR 3869 Zinnia peruviana (L.) L.* Zinia Gr, Rs H, er; pl Rs O SSS 3307 LILIOPSIDA Batsch Alismataceae Vent. Limnocharis flava (L.) Buchenau* Letucepana Wtl H, er; w Gc Ap, Vg GMH 5616 Sagittaria guayanensis Kunth Kauathukri Wtl H, fl; w Bg, Rs, Pr Fr, GMH 5629 Hydrocharitaceae Juss. Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle Kureli Wtl H, sm; w All upazilas Ap, Ff SSS 3338 Najas indica (Willd.) Cham. Deshi jhaji Wtl H, sm; w Bg, Pr Ap SSS 3340 N. minor All. Soto jhaji Wtl H, sm; w Pr Ff MAR 3907 Ottelia alismoides (L.) Pers. Panikala Wtl H, sm; w All upazilas Vg GMH 5622 Vallisneria spiralis L. Patseola Wtl H, sm; w Kn, Gc Ap MAR 3916 Aponogetonaceae Planch. Aponogeton appendiculatus H.Bruggen Ghechu Wtl H, er; w Bg, Tg, Gc Vg SSS 3349 Potamogetonaceae Bercht. & J.Presl Potamogeton crispus L. Pata zhanchi Wtl H, sm; w Bg, Tg, Pr, Gc Vg SSS 3341 Arecaceae Bercht. & J.Presl Areca catechu L.* Supari Gr, Hs, Rs Palm, l; pl All upazilas Ed, M MSI 178 Borassus flabellifer L. Tal Gr, Hs, Rs Palm, l; w All upazilas Fb, Ju MSI 179 Calamus tenuis Roxb. Jalibet Gr, Rb, Sj Palm, cl; w Bg, Mp, Pr Cc, Fr MAR 3911 Caryota urens L.* Chau, Ramgua Gr, Rs Palm, l; pl All upazilas M, O SSS 3353 Chamaedorea elegans Mart.* Supari palm Gr Palm, s; pl Tg, Rs, Mp O SSS 3354 356 KHAN et al. Scientific name Bangla name Habitat Habit Distribution Use RSE Dypsis lutescens (H. Wendl.) Beentje & J.Dransf.* Areca palm Gr, Hs Palm, s; pl Rs, Tg, Mp O MAR 3907 Cocos nucifera L.* Narikel Gr, Hs, Ml Palm, l; pl All upazilas Fw, Oy MSI 180 Corypha umbracaulifolia L.* Talipot palm Gr Palm, l; pl Rs O MAR 3904 Elaeis guineensis Jacq.* Oil palm Gr, Hs Palm, l; pl Bg, Gc, Tg Oy GMH 5617 Licuala grandis H.Wendl.* Fan palm Gr Palm, l; pl Tg O MAR 3912 Livistona chinensis (Jacq.) R.Br. ex Mart.* China palm Gr, Rs Palm, m; pl Rs, Tg O GMH 5618 Phoenix canariensis Chabaud* Canarian khejur Gr Palm, s; pl Tg O MAR 3913 P. sylvestris (L.) Roxb. Deshi khejur Hs, Ml, Rs Palm, l; w All upazilas Hc, Ju SSS 3356 Rhapis excelsa (Thunb.) Henry* Gurital, lady palm Gr Palm, s; pl Mp, Kn, Rs, Tg O SSS 3357 Roystonea regia (Kunth) O.F.Cook* Botol palm Gr Palm, l; pl Rs, Tg O SSS 3355 Pandanaceae R.Br. Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. ex Lindl.* Polao pata Hs S; pl Mp, Pr, Kn S, M MAR 3916 Pandanus furcatus Roxb. Keya Gr T, s; pl Rs, Tg, Pr O, M MAR 3915 Araceae Juss. Aglaonema commutatum Schoot* Aglaonema Gr, Hs H, er; pl Bg, Gc, Kn, Rs O MAR 3919 A. costatum N.E.Brown Aglaonema Gr, Hs H, er; pl Bg, Pr O MAR 3929 Alocasia acuminata Schott Bish kachu Fl, Hs, Rs, Sj H, er; w Gc, Mp, Pr, Pg V GMH 5630 A. decipiens Schott Pai kachu Hs, Rs, Sj H, er; w Gc, Pr, Pg, V SSS 3358 A. fornicata (Roxb.) Schott Salu kachu Hs, Rs, Sj H, er; w Bg, Pr, Pg, V, M SSS 3359 A. macrorrhizos (L.) G.Don* Man kachu Af, Hs H, er; cv All upazilas M, Vg MAR 3920 Amorphophallus paeoniifolius (Dennst.) Nicolson Ol kachu Af, Hs H, er; cv Gc, Pr, Pg, Rs M, Vg MAR 3921 Anthurium andraeanum Linden ex André* Flamingo Gr, Hs H, er; pl Rs, Tg, Mp O SSS 3359 Caladium bicolor (Aiton) Vent.* Diranga kachu Gr, Hs H, er; cv Rs, Tg O MAR 3935 C. humboldtii (Raf.) Schott* Caladium Gr, Hs H, er; pl Tg, Mp O MAR 3936 Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott Jangli kachu Fl, Hs, Wtl H, er; w All upazilas M, Vg MSI 182 Dieffenbachia seguine (Jacq.) Schott* Segubet Fl, Gr, Hs H, er; w Tg, Rs, Pg O MAR 3928 Epipremnum aureum (Linden & André) G.S.Bunting* Money plant Gr, Hs H, vi; w Bg, Kn, Tg O SSS 3367 Lasia spinosa (L.) Thwaites Kata kachu Hs, Wtl H, er; w Gc, Kn M, Vg GMH 5627 Lemna minor L. Suji pana Wtl H, ff; w Mp, Pr, Pg Ff, Wp SSS 3366 L. perpusilla Torr.* Khudipana Wtl H, ff; w All upazilas Ff, Wp SSS 3363 Monstera deliciosa Liebm.* Makhna Gr, Hs H, vi; pl Rs, Tg O MAR 3931 Pistia stratiotes L. Topapana Wtl H, ff; w All upazilas M GMH 5622 Pothos scandens L. Hati lata Sj, Wl H, cr; w Gc, Kn M MSI 183 Spirodela polyrhiza (L.) Schleid. Tetulipana Wtl H, ff; w Kn, Mp Ff, Wp MAR 3922 A PRELIMINARY TAXONOMIC STUDY ON THE FLORA OF RANGPUR 357 Scientific name Bangla name Habitat Habit Distribution Use RSE Syngonium podophyllum Schott* Podolata kachu Fl, Gr, Hs, Sj H, pr; w Bg, Rd, Gc, Pr O SSS 3360 Thaumatophyllum bipinnatifidum (Schott ex Endl.) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo; Syn. Philodendron bipinnatifidum Schott ex Endl.* Philodendron Gr, Hs H, er; pl Rs, Tg O MAR 3932 Typhonium flagelliforme (Lodd.) Blume Ghechu Af, Fl, Rs H, er; w All upazilas M GMH 5620 T. trilobatum (L.) Schott Ghet kachu Af, Fl, Rs H, er; w All upazilas M, Vg GMH 5621 Xanthosoma sagittifolium (L.) Schott* Dudh kachu Fl, Wtl H, er; w All upazilas M, Vg GMH 5622 Commelinaceae Mirb. Commelina benghalensis L. Kanshira Af, Fl, Gl, Rs H, cr; w All upazilas M MSI 184 C. diffusa Burm.f. Monayna kanshira Af, Fl, Gl, Rs H, cr; w All upazilas Fd MSI 185 C. longifolia Lamk. Pani kanchira Af, Fl, Gl, Rs H, cr; w All upazilas Fd FAA 151 Cyanotis axillaris (L.) D.Don ex Sweet Beguni kanchira Fl, Gl, Rs H, er; w All upazilas Fd GMH 5623 Floscopa scandens Lour Khara gaith Fl, Gl, Rs H, er; w Bg, Tg Fd GMH 5631 Murdannia blumei (Hassk.) Brenan Kureli Af, Fl, Rs H, er; w Rs, Pr, Kn Fd MAR 3933 M. nudiflora (L.) Brenan Kureli Fl, Ml, Rs H, cr; w All upazilas Fd MAR 3934 Tradescantia pallida (Rose) D.R. Hunt * Begunipindo Gr, Hs H, er; pl Rs, Tg O SSS 3422 T. spathacea Sw. * Chamapindo Gr, Hs H, er; pl Rs, Tg O SSS 3420 T. zebrina Bosse * Zebrapindo Gr, Hs H, er; pl Rs, Tg O SSS 3419 Cyperaceae Juss. Cyperus brevifolius (Rottb.) Hassk.; Syn. Kyllinga brevifolia Rottb. Shabuj nirbisa Fl, Gl, Rs H, er; w Bg, Gc, Kn, Pr Fd FAA 152 C. compressus L. Chancha Fl, Gl, Rs H, er; w Pr, Pg Fd SSS 3361 C. cuspidatus Kunth Sagarmukhi- methi Fl, Gl, Rs H, er; w Bg, Rs, Pr Fd MAR 3923 C. difformis L. Behua ghasi Fl, Gl H, er; w Bg, Gc, Pr, Rs Fd SSS 3362 C. distans L.f. Panimalanga Fl, Gl, Rs H, er; w Bg, Mp, Pr Fd MSI 187 C. exaltatus Retz. Tata ghasi Af, Wl H, er; w Gc, Kn, Pg Fd MSI 188 C. iria L. Barachucha Fl, Gl, Rs H, er; w Bg, Rs, Kn Fd, M MAR 3924 C. rotundus L. Nagarmutha Fl, Gl, Hs, Rs H, er; w All upazilas M SSS 3368 C. sesquiflorus subsp. cylindricus (Nees) T.Koyama; Syn. Kyllinga. Odorata subsp. cyllindrica (Nees) T.Koyama Gandho nirbisha Af, Fl H, er; w Bg, Rs, Pr Fd, Fo FAA 154 Eriocaulon quinquangulare L. Guri Af, Fl H, er; w Pg, Pr Fd MAR 3934 Fimbristylis bisumbellata (Forssk.) Bubani Bisu fimbry Fl, Ml, Wtl H, er; w Pg, Pr, Tg Fd SSS 3369 F. dichotoma (L.) Vahl Bara nirbishi Fl, Gl, Rs H, er; w Bg, Rs, Pr Fd GMH 5113 F. dipsacea (Rottb.) C.B.Clarke Dipsa fimbry Af, Fl, Gl H, er; w Bg, Rs, Pr Fd SSS 3364 F. ovata (Burm.f.) J.Kern Marmari Af, Wl H, er; w Mp, Kn, Pg Fd, Fo GMH 5619 358 KHAN et al. Scientific name Bangla name Habitat Habit Distribution Use RSE F. quinquangularis (Vahl) Kunth; Syn. F. miliacea (L.) Vahl. Bara javani Af, Wl H, er; w Mp, Kn, Pr Fd, Fo SSS 3365 F. schoenoides (Retz.) Vahl. Kesari malanga Af, Wl H, er; w Bg, Kn, Mp Fd, Fo GMH 5620 Kyllinga nemoralis (J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.) Dandy ex Hutch. & Dalziel Subashi nirbisa Fl, Gl, Rs H, er; w Bg, Rs, Pr Fd, Fo FAA 153 Schoenoplectiella articulata (L.) Lye Chechra Fl, Rs H, er; w Bg, Kn, Pg, Rs Fd GMH 5632 S. supina (L.) Lye Supipotpoti ghas Fl, Rs H, er; w Bg, Rs, Pr Fd MAR 3937 Poaceae Barnhart Arundo donax L. Baranal, Goba-nal Rb, Hs H, er; cv Bg, Gc, Rs, Pr Fd, M MAR 3938 Axonopus compressus (Sw.) P.Beauv.* Karpetghas Fl, Gl, Rs H, er; w All upazilas Fo GMH 5633 Avena sativa L.* Jab, Oat Af, Fl H, er; w Gc Fd, Fo MAR 3939 Bambusa balcooa Roxb. Borak bans Gr, Hs Bamboo; pl All upazilas Bc SSS 3370 B. bambos (L.) Voss Kanta bans Gr Bamboo; pl Pg Bc SSS 3371 B. nutans Wall. ex Munro Mahal bans Gr, Hs Bamboo; pl All upazilas Bc SSS 3372 B. tulda Roxb. Mitinga Gr, Hs Bamboo; pl Gc, Mp Bc GMH 5634 Cenchrus americanus (L.) Morrone; Syn. Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R.Br., Setaria glauca (L.) P.Beauv.* Kauni, Bajra Af, Fl, Rs H, er; w All upazilas Fd, Fo, M MAR 3958 C. purpureus (Schumach.) Morrone; Syn. Pennisetum purpureum Schumach.* Nepier ghas Fl, Gl, Ml, Rs H, er; cv All upazilas Fd SSS 3382 Chloris barbata Sw. Bataghas Af, Fl, Rs H, er; w Gc, Kn, Pr Fo GMH 5636 C. virgata Sw.* Angulighas Af, Fl, Rs H, er; w Gc, Kn, Pg Fo GMH 5637 Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin. Premkanta Fl, Gl, Rs H, er; w All upazilas Hc GMH 5638 C. zizanioides (L.) Roberty* Bena Fl, Ml, Rb H, er; w All upazilas Hc, Sb SSS 3373 Coix lacryma-jobi L. Tasbi Fl, Rb, Wtl H, er; w Rs, Gc, Tg Ed, Fo SSS 3374 Cymbopogon caesius (Hook. & Arn.) Stapf Nilagni Sj H, er; w Gc Fo MAR 3942 C. citratus (DC.) Staph.* Lemon grass, Gandhya trino Gr, Hs H, er; w Rs, Tg M, Sp. MAR 3943 Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. Durba ghas Fl, Gl, Rs H, pr; w All upazilas Fo, Sb GMH 5639 Cyrtococcum accrescens (Trin.) Stapf; Syn. C. patens var. latifolium (Honda) Ohwl Shonpatacocca Fl, Gl, Rs H, er; w Pg, Kn, Tg Fo SSS 3376 C. oxyphyllum (Hochst. ex Steud.) Stapf Oxycocca ghas Fl, Gl, Rs H, er; w All upazilas Fo SSS 3375 Dactyloctenium aegyptium (L.) Willd. Kakpaya Fl, Gl, Rs H, er; w All upazilas Sb GMH 5640 Dendrocalamus giganteus Munro* Budum Bans Gr Bamboo; pl Rs Bc, O GMH 5641 Digitaria bicornis (Lam.) Roem. & Schult. Baikochira Fl, Gl, Ml, Rs H, er; w Pg, Kn, Tg Fo SSS 3377 D. ciliaris (Retz.) Koeler Kokjachira Fl, Gl, Ml, Rs H, er; w Bg, Kn, Pg Fo SSS 3378 D. sanguinalis (L.) Scop. Mukurjoli Fl, Gl, Ml, Rs H, er; w Pg, Kn, Tg Fo SSS 3379 A PRELIMINARY TAXONOMIC STUDY ON THE FLORA OF RANGPUR 359 Scientific name Bangla name Habitat Habit Distribution Use RSE D. stricta Roth Trick ghas Fl, Gl, Ml, Rs H, er; w Bg, Gc Fo MAR 3944 D. ternata (A.Rich.) Stapf Nata ghas Fl, Gl, Ml, Rs H, er; w Pg, Kn, Tg Fo MAR 3945 Echinochloa colona (L.) Link.* Shama ghas Fl, Ml, Wtl H, er; w Bg, Pg, Kn, Tg Fo MAR 3946 E. crus-galli (L.) P.Beauv. Barashama ghas Fl, Ml, Wtl H, er; w Bg, Pg, Kn Fo, M FAA 156 Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. Malankuri Fl, Gl, Rs H, er; w All upazilas Sb FAA 157 Eragrostis ciliaris (L.) R.Br. Chhotochira ghas Fl, Gl, Ml, Rs H, er; w Bg, Gc, Mp, Tg Fd MAR 3947 E. tremula Hochst. ex Steud. Mulakoni Af, Fl, Rs H, pr; w Bg, Tg, Rs Fd GMH 5643 E. unioloides (Retz.) Nees ex Steud.; Syn. E. amabilis (L.) Wight & Arn., E. tenella (L.) P.Beauv. Chira ghas, Koni ghas Fl, Gl, Ml, Rs H, er; w All upazilas Fd SSS 3380 Hemarthria protensa Steud. Chaila Fl, Ml, Wtl H, er; w Mp Fd MAR 3948 Hygroryza aristata (Retz.) Nees ex Wight & Arn. Jongli dhan Wtl H, er; w All upazilas Fd GMH 5644 Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeusch.* Chhan Fl, Gl, Rs H, er; w All upazilas Fd, Th GMH 5645 Isachne globosa (Thunb.) Kuntze Ball ghas Fl, Gl, Wtl H, er; w Tg, Rs, Pr, Pg Fd MAR 3954 Leersia hexandra Sw. Arali ghas Af, Fl, Wtl H, cr; w All upazilas Fd GMH 5646 Leptochloa chinensis (L.) Nees Fulka ghas Af, Fl, Wtl H, er; w Tg, Rs, Pr Fd MSI 189 L. panicea (Retz.) Ohwi Mona has Fl, Wtl H, er; w Pr Fd MSI 190 Oplismenus burmanni (Retz.) P.Beauv. Jabri durba Fl, Gl, Ml, Rs H, er; w Bg, Rs, Tg Kn Fd GMH 5647 O. compositus (L.) P. Beauv. Gohur Gl, Ml, Rs, Sj H, er; w All upazilas Fd, M GMH 5648 Oryza sativa L.* Dhan Af, Fl, Wtl H, er; cv All upazilas Ed, Fd SSS 3381 Panicum brevifolium L. Bashpati ghas Gl, Ml H, er; w Gc Fd SSS 3387 P. repens L. Dhani ghas Fl, Gl, Rs H, er; w Rs Fd SSS 3386 P. sarmentosum Roxb. Voya ghas Fl, Gl, Ml, Rs H, er; w Gc, Rs Fd MAR 3949 Paspalum conjugatum P.J.Bergius.* Moisshya ghas Gl, Hs, Rs H, er; w Tg, Rs, Pr Fd GMH 5650 P. scrobiculatum L. Bishmona ghas Fl, Gl, Rs H, er; w Rs, Gc, Mp Fd, Fo MAR 3953 Phragmites karka (Retz.) Trin ex Steud. Nal, Nalkhagra Af, Rs H, er; cv All upazilas Fd, Fo GMH 5651 Phyllostachys aurea Carrière ex Rivière & C.Rivière* Sarna bash Fl, Gl, Ml, Rs Bamboo; pl Rs Fd, Fo SSS 3385 Pogonatherum crinitum (Thunb.) Kunth Nitu bans Rb H, er; w Pr, Mp Fd MAR 3052 Saccharum officinarum L.* Akh, Ikhhu Gr, Hs H, er; cv All upazilas Fd MAR 3955 S. spontaneum L. Kash, Kaichha Fl, Gl, Ml, Rb H, er; w All upazilas Fo, Sb SSS 3388 Sacciolepis indica (L.) A.Chase Sil-tatto ghas Wl H, er; w Gc, Mp, Tg Fo GMH 5655 S. interrupta (Willd.) Stapf Nardula Fl, Gl H, er; w Bg, Pr, Pg Fo MAR 3956 S. myosuroides (R.Br.) Chase ex E.G.Camus Musurdolla ghas Fl, Gl, Wtl H, er; w Rs, Tg Fo MAR 3957 Setaria italica (L.) P.Beauv* Kaon, Kanti Fl, Gl, Ml H, er; w Bg, Kn, Pg, Pr Fo, M MAR 3959 S. flavida (Retz.) Veldkamp; Syn. Paspelidium flavidum (Retz.) A.Camus Karin ghas Af, Fl H, er; w Bg, Gc, Rs Fd, Fo MAR 3951 S. palmifolia (J.Koenig) Stapf Urodhan Fl, Gl, Ml H, er; w Rs, Kn Fo MAR 3960 360 KHAN et al. Scientific name Bangla name Habitat Habit Distribution Use RSE S. pumila (Poir.) Roem. & Schult. Shial leja Fl, Gl, Ml H, er; w Mp Fo MAR 3961 Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.* Jowar Af H, er; w Rs, Tg Fd, M MAR 3962 Sporobolus diandrus (Retz.) P.Beauv. Benajoni Fl, Gl, Ml, Rs H, er; w All upazilas Fo SSS 3389 S. indicus (L.) R.Br.* Ailbelajoni ghas Fl, Gl, Ml, Rs H, er; w Bg, Pr, Pg Fo SSS 3390 Urochloa distachyos (L.) T.Q.Nguyen; Syn. Brachiaria distachya (L.) Stapf. Cori ghas Af, Fl, Rs H, pr; w Bg, Kn, Pg, Rs Fo GMH 5635 U. kurzii (Hook.f.) T.Q.Nguyen; Syn. Brachiaria kurzii (Hook.f.) Kurokti ghas Af, Fl, Rs H, pr; w Bg, Rs, Pg Fo MAR 3940 U. panocoides P.Beauv., Kuri ghas Gl, Rs H, cr; w Br, Gc, Pr Fo, Sb SSS 3391 U. reptans (L.) Stapf; Syn. Brachiaria reptans (L.) C.A.Gardner & C.E. Hubb. Peraghas Af, Fl, Rs H, pr; w Bg, Rs, Tg Fo MAR 3941 Zea mays L.* Bhutta Fl, Hs H, er; cv All upazilas Ed, Fd SSS 3392 Bromeliaceae Juss. Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.* Anaras Af, Hs H, er; cv Pr, Pg, Mp Fr SSS 3416 Cryptanthus bivittatus (Hook.) Regel* Starfish gach Gr, Hs H, er; cv Rs, Tg O SSS 3417 Strelitziaceae Hutch. Ravenala madagascariensis Sonn.* Panthopadap Gr T, s; pl Pg, Tg O SSS 3393 Heliconiaceae Nakai Heliconia metallica Planch. & Linden ex Hook.* Swarga pakhi Gr H, er; pl Rs, Tg O GMH 5652 H. rostrata Ruiz & Pav.* Chingrinomi Gr H, er; pl Tg O GMH 5653 Musaceae Juss. Musa paradisiaca L.* Kachkola Fl, Hs, Ml H, er; w All upazilas Fr, Vg MSI 191 Zingiberaceae Martinov Alpinia calcarata (Haw.) Roscoe* Choto elachi Gr H, er; cv Gc M, Sp SSS 3394 A. nigra (Gaertn.) Burtt Tara Rb, Wtl H, er; w All upazilas M SSS 3395 Curcuma aromatica Salisb. Ban halud Fl, Rs, Wl H, er; w Kn, Pr, Tg M SSS 3396 C. longa L.* Halud Fl, Hs H, er; cv All upazilas Sp SSS 3397 C. zedoaria (Christm.) Rosc. Sathi Fl, Rs, Sj, Wl H, er; w All upazilas M SSS 3398 Elettaria cardamomum (L.) Maton* Soto elachi Gr, Hs H, er; pl Mp, Pg Sp SSS 3399 Hedychium coronarium J.König* Dolon chapa Gr, Hs, Rs H, er; cv Kn, Tg, Tg O SSS 3400 Zingiber officinale Roscoe* Ada Fl, Hs H, er; cv All upazilas Sp SSS 3401 Z. zerumbet (L.) Roscoe ex Sm. Mohaboribotch Fl, Hs, Sj H, er; w Pr, Tg M SSS 3402 Costaceae Nakai Hellenia speciosa (J.Koenig) S.R.Dutta; Syn. Cheilocostus speciosus (J.Koenig) C.D.Specht Keomul Fl, Rb, Rs H, er; w Rs, Mp, Tg M GMH 5657 Costus woodsonii Maas* Lipistic plant Gr H, er; cv Bg, Rs, Tg O GMH 5658 Cannaceae Juss. Canna glauca L.* Holud kolabati Gr, Hs H, er; cv Tg O SSS 3304 C. indica L.* Kolabati Gr, Hs, Rs H, er; w All upazilas M, O SSS 3303 A PRELIMINARY TAXONOMIC STUDY ON THE FLORA OF RANGPUR 361 Scientific name Bangla name Habitat Habit Distribution Use RSE Marantaceae R.Br. Ctenanthe oppenheimiana (É.Morren) K.Schum.* Never never plant Gr H, er; cv Tg O MAR 3963 Maranta arundinacea L.* Barli Fl, Gr, Rs H, er; w Gc, Mp, Pr Ed, M GMH 5659 Schumannianthus benthamianus (Kuntze) Veldkamp & I.M.Turner Pati-pata Hs, Wtl S; w Gc, Mp, Kn, Pg Hc GMH 5660 Pontederiaceae Kunth Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms* Kachuripana Wtl H, ff; w All upazilas Fo GMH 5661 Monochoria hastata (L.) Solms Bara nukha Wtl H, em; w All upazilas M SSS 3405 M. vaginalis (Burm.f.) C.Presl Nukha Wtl H, em; w All upazilas M MAR 3964 Amaryllidaceae J.St.-Hil. Allium cepa L.* Piyaj Hs H, er; cv All upazilas Sp MAR 3965 A. sativum L.* Rashun Hs H, er; cv All upazilas Sp MAR 3966 Crinum asiaticum L. Shukdarshan Gr, Hs H, er; pl Bg, Kn, Rs M, O SSS 3406 C. americanum L.* Shukdarshan Gr, Hs H, er; pl Bg, Pr, Pg M, O SSS 3407 C. latifolium L. Baro Shukdarshan Gr, Hs H, er; pl Bg, Kn, Rs M SSS 3408 Scadoxus multiflorus (Martyn) Raf.* Agnigolock Gr, Hs H, er; cv Tg M, O SSS 3409 Zephyranthes minuta (Kunth) D.Dietr.* Golapi ghasful Gs, Hs H, er; pl All upazilas O SSS 3421 Asparagaceae Juss. Agave americana L.* Shatabdi udvid Gr, Hs H, er; cv Rs, Tg O MAR 3967 A. angustifolia Haw.* Agachokha Gr, Hs S; pl Tg O MAR 3968 A. vivipara L.; Syn. A. cantula Roxb.* Jarauj agav Gr, Hs H, er; cv Tg O MAR 3970 Asparagus racemosus Wild. Shatamuli Gr, Hs, Sj H, vi; w Rs, Tg, Kn M MAR 3971 Aspidistra elatior Blume* Shukdarshan Gr, Hs H, er; pl Bg, Pr, Pg M, O MAR 3972 Cordyline fruticosa (L.) A.Chev.* Agnishwar Gr, Hs H, er; cv Rs, Mp, Pr M MAR 3973 Chlorophytum comosum (Thunb.) Jacques Spider plant Gr H, er; cv Tg O MAR 3974 Dracaena angustifolia (Medik.) Roxb. Chikna drakan Gr, Hs H, er; cv Rs, Tg O MAR 3975 D. braunii Engl.* Dracaena Gr, Hs H, er; cv Rs, Tg O MAR 3980 D. fragrans (L.) Ker Gawl.* Gondhi drakan Gr, Hs S; pl Tg O MAR 3976 D. surculosa Lindl.* Dracaena Gr, Hs H, er; cv Tg O MAR 3977 D. reflexa Lam.* Dracaena Gr, Hs H, er; cv Tg O MAR 3979 D. reflexa var. angustifolia Baker; Syn. Dracaena marginata Lam.* Dracaena Gr, Hs H, er; cv Rs O MAR 3978 D. trifasciata (Prain) Mabb.; Syn. Sansevieria trifasciata Prain* Sutahara Gr, Hs H, er; cv Rs, Tg O SSS 3410 Furcraea foetida (L.) Haw.* Gandhohemp Gr, Hs S; pl Tg O MAR 3981 F. tuberosa (Mill.) Aiton fil.* Century Gr, Hs S; pl Rs, Tg O MAR 3982 Yucca aloifolia L. Yucca Gr S; pl Tg O SSS 3411 362 KHAN et al. Scientific name Bangla name Habitat Habit Distribution Use RSE Colchicaceae DC. Gloriosa superba L. Ulatchandal Gr, Hs, Wl H, vi; w Rs M SSS 3412 Hypoxidaceae R.Br. Curculigo orchioides Gaertn. Talmuli Sj, Wl H, er; w Pr M MAR 3983 Xanthorrhoeaceae Dumort. Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f.* Ghritakumari Gr, Hs H, er; cv Pg, Rs, Tg M, O SSS 3413 Smilacaceae Vent. Smilax ovalifolia Roxb. Kumarika Sj, Wl H, vi; w Pr, Tg M SSS 3414 Dioscoreaceae R.Br. Dioscorea alata L. Chupri alu Hs, Sj H, vi; w All upazilas Vg GMH 5667 D. bulbifera L. Banalu Hs, Rb, Sj H, vi; w Pr, Pg, Kn M GMH 5668 D. esculenta (Lour.) Burkill Mou alu Gr, Sj, Wl H, vi; cv Bg, Gc Vg GMH 5669 D. pentaphylla L. Jhum alu Gr, Sj, Wl H, vi; w Bg, Gc, Pr, Mp M, Vg GMH 5670 Orchidaceae Juss. Bulbophyllum lilacinum Ridl. Gota parchallow Gr H, ep; w Tg O GMH 5671 Cymbidium aloifolium (L.) Sw. Tosabak Gr H, ep; w Tg M, O SSS 3415 Dendrobium anceps Sw. Asiriam Gr H, ep; w Tg M, O GMH 5672 D. aphyllum (Roxb.) C.E.C.Fisch. Fasiariam Gr H, ep; w Tg M, O GMH 5673 Geodorum densiflorum (Lam.) Schltr. Sankhamani Wl H, er; w Pr M GMH 5674 Rhynchostylis retusa (L.) Blume Kopou phool Hs, Wl H, ep; pl Pg M, O GMH 5675 Vanda tessellata (Roxb.) Hook. ex G.Don Rasna Gr, Hs H, ep; w Pr, Pg M GMH 5676 Zeuxine nervosa (Wall. ex Lindl.) Benth. Ex Trimen Nervoxine orchid Fl, Wl H, er; w Pr M GMH 5677 Notes: Habitat: Bw- On brick wall, Fl- Fallowland, Gl- Grassland, Gr- Garden, Hs- Homestead, Ml- Marginal land, Op- On plant, Rb- River bank, , Rs- Roadside, Sj- Scrub jungle, Wl- Woodland, Wtl- Wetland; Habit: H- Herb, S- Shrub, T- Tree, cr- creeper, cv- cultivated, em- emergent, er-erect, ff- free floating, fl- floating with rooted, l-large, m-medium, pl- planted, pr- prostrate/procumbent, ps-parasite, sm- submerged, s-small, sc-scandant, vi-vine, w- wild; Distribution: Bg- Badarganj, Gc- Gangachara, Kn- Kaunia, Mp- Mitha Pukur, Pg- Pirgachha, Pr- Pirganj, Rs- Rangpur Sadar, Tg- Taraganj; Use: Ap- aquarium plant, Bc-Bamboo crafts, Bv- Beverage, Cc- Cane crafts, Co- Cosmetics, Dy- Dye yielding, Ed- Edible, Fb- Fibre, Fd- Fodder, Ff- Fish feed, Fn- Fence, Fo- Forage, Fr- Fruit, Fu- Fuel, Fw- Fuel wood, Gm- Green manure, Gu- Gum, Hc- Handicrafts, Ju- Juice, M- Medicine, Mu- Mulching, O- Ornamental, Oy- Oil yielding, Pc- Pickle, Pf- Perfume, Pp- Paper pulp, Po- Poisionous, Pu- Pulse, Sb- Soil binder, Sd- Shade providing, Sp- Spice, T- Timber, Tn- Tannin, Vg- Vegetable, Wp- Water purify; Origin: *- Exotic; Syn.-Synonym; RSE: FAA- Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed, GMH- Gazi Mosharof Hossain, MAR- Md. Abdur Rahim, MSI- Md. Shariful Islam, SAK- Saleh Ahammad Khan, SSS- Shayla Sharmin Shetu. The taxonomic enumerations of angiospermic species of Mithapukur, Pirgachha and Kaunia upazilas, completed by this study (Fig. 5), are somewhat lower than those of Belabo and Shibpur upazilas, nearly similar to those of Monohordi, Narshingdi Sadar and Polash upazilas of Narshingdi district (Khanam et al., 2020; Khanam and Khan, 2020) and Satkhira Sadar upazila (Hossain et al. 2021) reported previously, but higher than the accounts on angiospermic species of other upazilas cited earlier. Rangpur district seems to be a vulnerable area of northern Bangladesh for housing the plant resources- and diversity. Drought, river bank erosion, poor regeneration of many species, different anthropogenic activities, and lack of proper management programs etc. are the critical problems A PRELIMINARY TAXONOMIC STUDY ON THE FLORA OF RANGPUR 363 and threats for degradation and destruction of its habitats and ecosystems, and ultimately for its flora and biodiversity. During this study, the species Andrographis paniculata, Berrya cordifolia, Celastrus paniculatus, Cordia grandis, Fragaria vesca, Geodorum densiflorum, Gloriosa superba, Heteropanax fragrans, Miliusa velutina, Olax scandens, Rhynchostylis retusa and Zeuxine nervosa were found as rare in the Rangpur district area. The taxonomic data provided by this study on the flora of Rangpur district, might be useful as an important guiding database to track the trend of changes in the floristic composition, plant species diversity, vegetation and status of threatened plant species in course of time, especially due to different natural and anthropogenic threats, contribute in undertaking appropriate biodiversity conservation initiatives and plant resource-based sustainable socioeconomic development, and help in estimating the impacts of climate change on the flora and biodiversity of this area. This study highly recommends to adopt and implement adequate measures for conservation, improvement and sustainable use of this precious flora, to minimize the existing threats and degradation of the natural habitats throughout the area, to conduct regular taxonomic inventories, monitoring studies and research programs on the flora and plant diversity of this area, and to execute sufficient plantation programs using appropriate indigenous species with effective management plans and strategies. Acknowledgements The authors express their sincere thanks to Grant for Advanced Research in Education (GARE), BANBEIS, for funding this study. The authors are grateful to all people who were directly or indirectly involved in this study. The authors are thankful to the Chief Editor and the Reviewers of the Journal for their critical review of the manuscript. References Ahmed, Z.U., Begum, Z.N.T., Hassan, M.A., Khondker, M., Kabir, S.M.H., Ahmad, M., Ahmed, A.T.A., Rahman, A.K.A. and Haque, E.U. 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