Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 30(2): 171-174, 2023 (December) DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/bjpt.v30i2.70492 © 2023 Bangladesh Association of Plant Taxonomists A NEW SPECIES OF PINGUICULA (LENTIBULARIACEAE) FROM WESTERN YUNNAN, CHINA JUN SUN, YANLI WEN AND RONG LI * CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, P. R. China Keywords: Gaoligong mountains; Morphology; Taxonomy; Pinguicula. Abstract A new species of Lentibulariaceae, Pinguicula gongshanensis, is described and illustrated from western Yunnan, China. Morphologically, it is similar to Pinguicula alpina but differs from the latter by its corolla with 8–12 brown stripes on the tube and spur, yellow corolla lip, corolla tube with yellow pubescence inside, glandular pilose pedicel, and calyx. Introduction The genus Pinguicula L., Sp. Pl.: 17 (1753), includes about 55 species distributed in Europe, northern Asia, the Himalayas, Japan, and North America, most diverse in Central America (from Mexico to the Caribbean Islands), extending southward to Colombia, Ecuador, Chile, and Patagonia (Kadereit, 2004; Mabberley, 2008; Li et al., 2020). Two species are distributed in China (Li and Cheek, 2011; Li et al., 2018). During a series of expeditions to western Yunnan conducted for six years for the project “The Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research,” we collected some interesting specimens of Pinguicula, and after a thorough examination, we found that they differ from all other known species of Pinguicula in their morphological features. Based on a detailed morphological study, literature search (Casper, 1966; Tang, 1985; Li, 1986, 1990, 1994; Noltie, 2001; Li and Cheek, 2011; Niu and Sun, 2021), and examination of many other relevant specimens available in the KUN and PE herbaria, we concluded that these specimens of Pinguicula represent a new species. Its detailed taxonomic description with illustrations is presented below. Pinguicula gongshanensis J. Sun, Y.L. Wen & R. Li sp. nov. (Fig. 1) Type: CHINA. Yunnan: Nujiang Lisu people autonomous Prefecture, Gongshan County, Cikai township, Dongshaofang, E side of Gaoligong Mountains, coniferous-broad leaved mixed forest, on rocks in mountains, 3289 m, 27°41′37.7″N, 98°28′32.3″E, 21 May 2019, Jun Sun 1246 (holotype KUN!). Vernacular name: ‘贡山捕虫堇’ (Gong Shan Bu Chong Jin) in Chinese. Herb, perennial, epilithic. Roots numerous, fibrous, ca. 0.2–1 mm thick. Leaves 4–9, basal rosette, sessile; leaf blade pale green, elliptic-oblong, 1–3 × 0.5–1 cm, margin entire and involute, apex obtuse to rounded, base broadly cuneate, adaxially with numerous viscid glands, abaxially glabrous. Scapes 1 to 3, single-flowered, from basal rosette. Pedicel 2–6 cm long, glandular pilose, apical part enlarged in fruit. Calyx split from base into 2 lips, outside glandular pilose; upper lip 3- *Corresponding author. E-mail: lirong@mail.kib.ac.cn https://doi.org/10.3329/bjpt.v30i2.70492 172 SUN et al. Fig. 1. Pinguicula gongshanensis sp. nov. A. Habit. B. Leaf, showing viscid glands. C. Flower (front view), showing inside pubescence. D. Flower (longitudinal view), showing corolla, stamens, and pistil. E. Stamen, showing filament and anther. F. Calyx and capsule. G. Seed. Illustration is created from the holotype by Ling Wang. A NEW SPECIES OF PINGUICULA (LENTIBULARIACEAE) 173 lobed, lobes ovate, ca. 2–4 × 0.8–2 mm; lower lip 2-lobed, lobes obovate, ca. 2–3 × 1–2 mm. Corolla open at throat,1–2.5 cm long; upper lip yellow, 2-lobed, lobes broadly ovate to suborbicular, ca. 2–4 × 2–4 mm; lower lip yellow, 3-lobed, middle lobe larger, circular to broadly ovate, ca. 3–6 × 3–5 mm, lateral lobes broadly ovate, ca. 1.5–4 × 2–4 mm; tube white with 8–12 brown stripes extending to spur, funnel-shaped, ca. 2–3 mm long, inside yellow puberulent, outside glabrous; spur yellow, cylindric, straight, ca. 2–4 mm long, apex rounded. Stamens 2, filaments curved, ca. 1–1.5 mm long, anther thecae confluent. Ovary globose, ca. 1 mm in diam, ovule numerous; style short, ca. 0.1–0.3 mm long; stigma ca. 0.8–1.5 mm wide. Capsule ovoid- oblong, glabrous. Seeds narrowly ellipsoid, ca. 200 μm long; seed coat with small prominent elongate reticulations. Phenology: Flowering in Pinguicula gongshanensis occurs in May to June, and fruiting in June to July. Etymology: The specific epithet of the new species refers to its type locality. Distribution and ecology: Pinguicula gongshanensis is currently known only from four sites on the Gaoligong mountains in Gongshan County, Yunnan Province, China. It grows on rocks in mountains at 2900–3300 m elevation. Conservation status: The species has been collected only from the type locality and is therefore assumed to be rare. According to guidelines for using the IUCN red list categories and criteria (IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee, 2022), it is considered as ‘Endangered’ (EN) using the criteria set out by IUCN as its known area of occupancy is less than 500 km2 (criterion B2) and the total population size is estimated to be smaller than 2500 mature individuals (criterion C). Pinguicula gongshanensis seems similar to P. alpina L. (1753: 17), but differs by its corolla with brown stripes on tube and spur (vs. yellow spots on throat), yellow (vs. white) corolla lip, corolla tube with yellow (vs. white) pubescence inside, glandular pilose (vs. glabrous) pedicel, and calyx (Table 1). Table 1. Morphological comparison of Pinguicula gongshanensis sp. nov. and P. alpina. Characters P. gongshanensis P. alpina Corolla brown stripes on tube and spur yellow spots on throat Corolla lip yellow white Corolla tube inside yellow puberulent inside white puberulent Pedicel and calyx glandular pilose glabrous Notes: Morphologically, the new species is similar to Pinguicula alpina L. (1753: 17) by its resting bud in winter, margin entire and involute leaves, single-flowered scape, 2-lipped calyx and corolla, hair structure on corolla inside, large middle lobe in lower corolla lip, white corolla tube, and yellow spur, but differs by its corolla with 8–12 brown stripes on tube and spur, yellow corolla lip, corolla tube with yellow pubescence inside, glandular pilose pedicel and calyx. Additional specimens examined (paratypes): CHINA. Yunnan: Nujiang Lisu people autonomous Prefecture, Gongshan County, Dulongjiang township, Dimagalong, W side of Gaoligong Mountains, coniferous-broad leaved mixed forest, on rocks in mountains, 2990 m, 27°50′31.4″N, 98°27′52.7″E, 14 May 2020, Jun Sun 1371 (KUN!); Dulongjiang township, Dimagalong, W side of Gaoligong Mountains, coniferous-broad leaved mixed forest, on rocks in mountains, 2900 m, 27°48′26.6″N, 98°25′32.1″E, 22 June 2020, Jun Sun 1406 (KUN!); Cikai 174 SUN et al. township, Dongshaofang, E side of Gaoligong Mountains, coniferous-broad leaved mixed forest, on rocks in mountains, 3300 m, 27°41′30.4″N, 98°28′29.7″E, 19 May 2021, Jun Sun 1473 (KUN!); Dulongjiang township, Dimagalong, W side of Gaoligong Mountains, coniferous-broad leaved mixed forest, on rocks in mountains, 3120 m, 27°49′13.6″N, 98°27′23.1″E, 06 May 2022, Jun Sun 1511 (KUN!). Acknowledgement The authors kindly thank Ms. Ling Wang from Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences (KUN) for the illustration. The study was supported by the Key and Major Program for Basic Research Project of Yunnan Province (grant no. 202201AS070045, 202101BC070002), the National Key R&D Program of China (grant no. 2022YFF1302401), the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program (grant no. 2019QZKK0502), the Platform Program for Basic Research Project of Yunnan Province (grant no. 202205AM070008) and the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA26020203). References Casper, S.J. 1966. Monographie der Gattung Pinguicula L. Bibliotheca Botanica, 127/128: 1–209. IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee 2022. Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 15.1. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee. 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