BCP Education & Psychology ERHSS 2023 Volume 9 (2023) 348 The Present Situation and Countermeasures of Jiangxi Opera, an Intangible Cultural Heritage in Chinese Universities Yihang Lv* Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China *Corresponding author: 2111131035@nbu.edu.cn Abstract. As an important part of Chinese traditional culture, Jiangxi Opera has been listed as one of the national intangible cultural heritage and is the traditional drama of Jiangxi Province. However, it is understood that in some other Jiangxi Opera troupes, Jiangxi Opera, like most local operas in China, is also facing a shortage of actors, and there is a gap between new and old actors. A series of problems, such as the loss of an audience and the lack of performance venues, has led to a vicious circle in the development of Jiangxi Opera, which is in danger of being lost. Many local opera troupes are facing difficulties that they cannot continue to survive. Through studying the methods of popularizing Jiangxi Opera in universities, this paper introduces three methods of integrating Jiangxi Opera into the classroom, regularly carrying out Jiangxi Opera activities, and establishing Jiangxi Opera clubs, to make Jiangxi Opera more popular on campus, cultivating more Jiangxi Opera lovers, enabling students to understand and learn Jiangxi Opera more closely, and participating in learning and experiencing Jiangxi Opera personally, which can not only inherit and carry forward Jiangxi Opera, Protect and inherit the excellent traditional culture of our Chinese nation. At the same time, it can also cultivate students' understanding of "cultural diversity" and enhance national pride. Through this article, I hope to find out a more suitable development path and method for the art of Jiangxi Opera on campus, which can make Jiangxi Opera more and more popular in universities, and truly inherit and carry forward this excellent traditional art of Jiangxi. Keywords: Jiangxi Opera; Intangible Cultural Heritage; Aspectual Hearing. 1. Introduction As an important part of traditional Chinese culture, Jiangxi Opera has been listed as one of the national intangible cultural heritages [1-3]. It is the traditional drama of Jiangxi Province. Jiangxi Opera dates back to the Ming Dynasty and has a history of more than 500 years. It is mainly originated and popular in the northeast of Jiangxi, such as Jingde Town and Poyang. Its origin and predecessor is the Yiyang tune, which is one of the four famous tunes of ancient times. It was renamed Jiangxi Opera in the 1950s. Chinese experts and scholars called Jiangxi Opera the "living fossil" of Chinese drama [4]. After scholars' research, they found that the development of the Jiangxi Opera has had a very far-reaching impact on the formation of the Beijing Opera, Sichuan Opera, Hunan Opera, Shaanxi opera, and other operas [5]. As a unique local traditional art treasure of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Opera contains music, literature, dance, art, acrobatics, martial arts, and other elements. In the 1950s and 1960s after the founding of the People's Republic of China, Jiangxi Opera created brilliant achievements in the history of Chinese drama. As the protection object of the national intangible cultural heritage, Jiangxi Opera has been protected and supported by the state for its development. However, in the era of rapid development of network media, people's lifestyle is changing faster and faster, and the current survival and development situation of Jiangxi Opera has become very serious. With the development of information dissemination, fragmentation, and economic globalization, the network is becoming more and more in-depth. With the rapid urbanization, Jiangxi Opera is often out of touch with the reality of social development, the viewing requirements of modern people, especially young people, and the new media means of expression provided by modern scientific and technological progress. Modern art forms such as film and television and pop music are more easily accepted by young people. However, due to the slow pace of traditional Chinese drama and the difference between the language and Mandarin, the enthusiasm of young people for drama has gradually decreased. The number of BCP Education & Psychology ERHSS 2023 Volume 9 (2023) 349 performances and audiences of traditional drama on the urban stage is becoming less and less, and the majority of people watching the drama in rural areas are older people [6]. It is precise because of these reasons that Jiangxi Opera is faced with the dilemma of loss, such as the lack of actors and the loss of audience. 2. The Relationship between Jiangxi Opera and University Nowadays, both traditional art and new art are becoming more and more diversified in their types and performance forms. With the rapid development of communication technology and the diversification of media forms, many excellent traditional arts in China are increasingly ignored, especially among young people, who have a very limited understanding of China's traditional arts. Jiangxi opera, one of the traditional Chinese opera arts, is no exception. The Universities, as the main places for students to receive knowledge and study in the nine-year compulsory education in China, are relatively few in terms of the popularization and dissemination of traditional art in Universities. Students usually can only learn in-class knowledge to cope with the exam, but know little about traditional cultural knowledge outside of class. A researcher surveyed "who has ever been to the theatre" at Jiangxi Universities, and all the students surveyed had never been to the theatre once [7]. The main reasons are no theater; There are no conditions at home; Opera seems too mysterious and remote; I don't know how to appreciate opera, etc. The lack of primary and secondary education makes the students far away from Jiangxi Opera [8]. Therefore, it is imperative to strengthen the popularization and dissemination of Jiangxi Opera in Universities. As an important place to cultivate talents, Universities are also an important way to spread culture. The student's acceptance of Jiangxi Opera, to some extent, determines the future development prospects of Jiangxi Opera. Creating the cultural atmosphere of local traditional operas in Universities is an important part of drama classroom teaching and plays a vital role. In addition to imparting knowledge in class, Universities should also promote and disseminate the art of Jiangxi Opera, and integrate it into teaching, so that students can better understand the intangible cultural heritage of Jiangxi Opera art. How to reasonably and efficiently integrate Jiangxi Opera art into classroom teaching in University classrooms has always been a question for researchers. To integrate the art of Jiangxi Opera into the campus classroom, we should not only retain its singing, performance, clothing, and other characteristics, but also make innovations, so that students can more easily accept the art of Jiangxi Opera, let students spontaneously like the art of Jiangxi Opera and be able to independently understand the art of Jiangxi Opera, laying a good foundation for the future development of the art of Jiangxi Opera. 3. Practices of Jiangxi Opera in Universities There are many ways to integrate Jiangxi Opera with universities. Each university can choose the appropriate way to enter the university according to the regional characteristics of the city and region where the university is located, the humanistic environment, and the reality of the university, such as integrating Jiangxi Opera art into the university classroom, opening university Jiangxi Opera clubs, and Regularly carry out Jiangxi Opera activities: 3.1 Integrating Jiangxi Opera Art into College Classroom Aspectual hearing is defined in Professor Daniel's article as an experience of understanding the historical and cultural background of music/music to form a new understanding of music/music. Because each listener has different feelings for the same voice due to different growth environments, special experiences, and other reasons, the starting point is innocent listening. The first time the listener hears the voice, the sound itself is taken away. From the perspective of informed listening, the audience learned the background of the work and took away the background information about BCP Education & Psychology ERHSS 2023 Volume 9 (2023) 350 the work. Then this song is meaningful to the audience because the audience can connect their experience with music after they learn more about music. The integration of special hearing into college classes can better enable students to experience the historical and cultural background of Jiangxi Opera, a traditional art, and also better narrow the distance between students and Jiangxi Opera art. In the class on Jiangxi Opera art appreciation, the author first introduced the familiar hometown songs of students, then compared the differences between hometown music and Jiangxi Opera, from familiar to unfamiliar, to better understand the artistic characteristics of Jiangxi Opera. First of all, let the students directly enjoy the Jiangxi Opera Peony Pavilion · A Dream of Wandering in the Garden. After the initial appreciation of Jiangxi Opera, most of the students find it difficult to understand this relatively unfamiliar traditional art. They feel that the singing of Jiangxi Opera is dull and the rhythm of the drama performance is slow. These can enable students to think ahead of time, put forward questions about the repertoire of Jiangxi Opera, and then carry on the later study with questions. Then It will explain the story background of Peony Pavilion · Garden Fantasy. Peony Pavilion · Garden Fantasy is a play about love. The story itself advocates the idea of encouraging free love between women and breaking the feudal shackles, which is consistent with the current mainstream feelings of college students and easily resonates with students. After students understand the story background of "Peony Pavilion · Garden Fantasy", let students re-appreciate the "Peony Pavilion · Garden Fantasy". This appreciation will change the thinking after the first appreciation. The students have a special hearing in the second appreciation, which can largely solve the thinking and questions generated in the first appreciation, and will have a new understanding of Jiangxi Opera. Then, we will show the exquisite stills in Jiangxi Opera, and catch the students' eyes visually with the actors' exquisite makeup and bright costumes. Through these preparations, students can have a special sense of hearing about Jiangxi Opera, which can easily shorten the distance between college students and Jiangxi Opera in terms of the story plot and visual aesthetics, and has turned from rejection to acceptance in terms of psychology. After the appreciation of Peony Pavilion, A Dream of Enjoying the Garden, the students gradually have their own understanding of the traditional Jiangxi Opera, and then let the students watch new Jiangxi Opera, such as The Sound of Stone Steles and Li Biao's Death to His Father. These new Jiangxi Opera are all newly written after the 21st century. While respecting the artistic characteristics of traditional Jiangxi Opera, the creators also keep pace with the times and add new content, such as new story content, new songs, new clothes, and so on. Most of the stories are adapted from modern real stories. While promoting positive energy, such new Jiangxi Opera is more easily accepted by students because the background of the story is closer to the era of the current audience, and students are more able to understand and be willing to watch it. Such courses from the most traditional Jiangxi Opera to the modern new Jiangxi Opera enable students to know Jiangxi Opera from unfamiliar to familiar and then to have a cordial sense of Jiangxi Opera. They can make students more interested in Jiangxi Opera and take the initiative to understand Jiangxi Opera. Finally, after students have a preliminary understanding of the performing arts of Jiangxi Opera, they can begin to experience the voice and performance of Jiangxi Opera. For example, in class, students can learn the pronunciation of "Yi" in Gaoqiang of Jiangxi Opera, feel the unique charm of Jiangxi Opera voice, and then learn the lyrics of the first sentence "originally colorful" in "Peony Pavilion · Garden Fantasy". By learning to sing the first sentence, the teacher helps the students when they sing, and the students help the students when they sing. In this way, teachers and students can experience the performance form of "many voices help the students". Then, under the guidance of the teacher, let the students try on the performance costumes of Jiangxi Opera on the spot, use the performance props of Jiangxi Opera, and learn the posture and footwork in Jiangxi Opera, so that the students can have close contact with the performance of Jiangxi Opera and experience the beauty of Jiangxi Opera. When teaching Jiangxi Opera, teachers can classify and explain the source, development, current situation, tone, posture, footwork, and other knowledge of Jiangxi Opera, mainly to better enable students to lay a foundation for the appreciation and acceptance of Jiangxi Opera. At the same time, BCP Education & Psychology ERHSS 2023 Volume 9 (2023) 351 when teaching, students should combine multimedia with on-site experience. While playing video and audio, students should also try the aria and costumes of Jiangxi Opera, and then combine the aria to teach the aria and qupai of Jiangxi Opera, so that students can not only accept Jiangxi Opera, but also have a personal meeting with Jiangxi Opera so that students can have a more cordial sense of Jiangxi Opera, and mobilize their enthusiasm to appreciate Jiangxi Opera and understand Jiangxi Opera. 3.2 Regularly carry out Jiangxi Opera activities In addition to integrating the art of Jiangxi Opera into the classroom, regular activities of Jiangxi Opera should also be carried out in the university after class to create a good artistic atmosphere of Jiangxi Opera in the university, which complements the classroom teaching of Jiangxi Opera. After students have a certain understanding and understanding of Jiangxi Opera in class, they can continue to understand Jiangxi Opera outside the class and contact with Jiangxi Opera, so that students can get used to the art of Jiangxi Opera and like the art of Jiangxi Opera. The university can regularly invite professional practitioners of Jiangxi Opera to the university to hold special lectures, which provides a good platform for college students to understand the art of Jiangxi Opera. With the guidance and introduction of Jiangxi Opera artists and Jiangxi Opera research experts, students can have a deeper understanding of Jiangxi Opera step by step under the leadership of Jiangxi Opera Arts Festival and Jiangxi Opera research experts, to explore the unique charm of Jiangxi Opera art, and enhance college students' interest in Jiangxi Opera. In addition, at present, the audience of traditional arts such as Jiangxi Opera is aging seriously, so in terms of publicity, attention should also be paid to the use of publicity methods that are easily accepted by young people, such as school networks, WeChat official account, short video platforms and other ways that are more accessible to young people, so that young audiences can change their old views on traditional Jiangxi Opera and cultivate new and dynamic audiences. Finally, the school can carry out activities related to Jiangxi Opera, and watch and observe the performance of Jiangxi Opera, so that college students can have direct contact with the art of Jiangxi Opera. In the activities, they can also learn about the history of Jiangxi Opera, try on the costumes of Jiangxi Opera, and try on the aria of Jiangxi Opera. In this way, we can create an atmosphere of Jiangxi Opera art on campus, so that college students can be more intimate with Jiangxi Opera and like it. 3.3 Carry out campus Jiangxi Opera Association College students' associations are the main places for campus cultural construction and student activities in various universities. College student associations are mainly formed spontaneously by students with the same interests in universities. The types of associations are rich and have their characteristics. They can give play to college student's strengths and carry out various collective activities. Community life has always been an indispensable part of a college student's life. Build a student association of Jiangxi Opera on the campus, carry out relevant activities of Jiangxi Opera, and publicize the art of Jiangxi Opera. While providing a platform for communication between Jiangxi Opera lovers in the university, it can also develop new Jiangxi Opera lovers and expand the mass scope of Jiangxi Opera art. In addition to organizing activities such as group performances and group preaching, college students' Jiangxi Opera troupes can also go out of the campus when conditions permit, such as establishing cooperation with professional Jiangxi Opera troupes, allowing students to enter professional Jiangxi Opera troupes to carry out practical activities, asking for advice from professional teachers in Jiangxi Opera troupes, experiencing the performance status and environment in professional troupes, and observing the costumes, props The performance and other artistic features combine the knowledge and skills of Jiangxi Opera learned in the university with practice to stimulate the student's interest and learning initiative to the greatest extent. In addition, college students' Jiangxi Opera Association can also organize students to conduct local opera gathering activities. Traditional Chinese opera art comes from the folk in all regions. The opera culture in each region is closely BCP Education & Psychology ERHSS 2023 Volume 9 (2023) 352 related to the local customs and cultural environment, which is a cultural condensate with local customs [9]. If you want to have a deep understanding of Jiangxi Opera, you must go deep into the countryside and fields of Jiangxi, so that you can truly understand the culture and folk customs guaranteed by Jiangxi Opera Art Institute. At the same time, the results of field investigation and classroom teaching are mutually verified to find the characteristics of Jiangxi Opera that can not be understood in the classroom at ordinary times, to make up for the deficiencies in classroom teaching. Finally, after college students have a certain understanding and understanding of the art of Jiangxi Opera, and have learned the costumes, singing, and footwork of Jiangxi Opera, they can try to rehearse the purpose of Jiangxi Opera, At the same time, we can also consider choosing the new Jiangxi Opera that is more easily accepted by most young people. The rehearsal of Jiangxi Opera needs professional teachers to organize and has high requirements for students. However, it is very beneficial for the promotion of Jiangxi Opera art in universities and even outside the school. Young people are more able to accept performers of their age to perform. In addition to training the performance ability of the students in the Jiangxi Opera Club, this kind of Jiangxi Opera performance can further strengthen the artistic atmosphere of Jiangxi Opera in the university, enable more people to understand and love Jiangxi Opera and enable more students to join the campus college students' Jiangxi Opera Club, forming a virtuous circle. The promotion and popularization activities of Jiangxi Opera art inside and outside the university not only bring art and culture with local characteristics to college students but also make the campus culture more colorful. At the same time, it also broadened the vision of college students, made them a sufficient understanding of the art of Jiangxi Opera, and also improved their interest and love for the art of Jiangxi Opera. Some students also learned the aria, costumes, footwork, and posture of Jiangxi Opera through this series of activities, and were able to perform Jiangxi Opera in person, cultivating a group of fans and potential students for the art of Jiangxi Opera. It brings fresh vitality to the art of Jiangxi Opera and makes the inheritance of Jiangxi Opera art more vigorous. In addition, as a collection of excellent traditional Chinese culture, Jiangxi Opera art can also strengthen the quality of education of college students, improve their artistic accomplishment and aesthetic ability, correctly establish their outlook on life and values, and form good habits and moral qualities while learning Jiangxi Opera culture. Finally, at present, many countries in the world are vigorously promoting traditional culture with national and ethnic characteristics. As a traditional art that can reflect the local culture, Jiangxi Opera art can well express the local cultural characteristics, language customs, living habits, etc. Integrating the art of Jiangxi Opera into universities can help students understand the local cultural characteristics of China, and also let students become bearers of promoting local culture, form a sense of carrying forward excellent traditional culture,e and make contributions to better carrying forward China's excellent traditional culture. 4. Prospect of Jiangxi Opera Art Entering University In recent years, the activity of Jiangxi Opera entering the campus has been gradually carried out in various universities. College students have been well aware of this excellent traditional Chinese art culture, and have also trained more and more Jiangxi Opera art lovers in universities, which has injected fresh blood into Jiangxi Opera art. However, there are still many deficiencies in the campus activities of Jiangxi Opera art: First of all, as China's intangible cultural heritage, the number of people who spread Jiangxi Opera art is relatively small, and the number of inheritors of intangible cultural heritage is limited. The number of people who can teach Jiangxi Opera art is far from enough for each university. Most of the old music teachers in universities are from musical instruments, vocal music, dance, and other majors, and their learning of Jiangxi Opera is very limited, far from the point of teaching [10]. At the same time, the age of professional actors in the art of Jiangxi Opera is seriously divided into two levels. Most of the older actors with rich performance experience are retired and it is not convenient for them to often enter universities for teaching. The young actors, regardless of whether their BCP Education & Psychology ERHSS 2023 Volume 9 (2023) 353 research on the art of Jiangxi Opera is in place, have difficulty teaching in universities. Moreover, young actors have performance tasks and often have to go to other places or even abroad to perform, Unable to teach regularly in the university as planned. Therefore, this situation has led to a shortage of teachers who can teach Jiangxi Opera in universities. Students cannot systematically study Jiangxi Opera art, but can only have a superficial understanding of it. They cannot touch the essence, which limits the promotion of Jiangxi Opera art in universities. Secondly, whether it is to invite professional performers of the Jiangxi Opera Troupe to teach in universities or to hold campus Jiangxi Opera activities, it requires a large number of funds, not to mention that if it is necessary to create and rehearse the purpose of Jiangxi Opera, the required props and clothing costs need a lot of funds. However, the funds of universities are limited, and they are mainly used for the construction of campus facilities or teachers' salaries, It is very limited to provide additional funds to promote the art of Jiangxi Opera. However, the students who are the main members of Jiangxi Opera clubs are still in the learning stage, and most of them have no source of income. It is also unrealistic to let students provide funds themselves. Therefore, the funding problem also made the popularization of Jiangxi Opera in universities very slow. Finally, the lack of time for students also affects the development of Jiangxi Opera in universities. College students have to face academic pressure first in campus life. Although the academic pressure in most universities is relatively small compared with that at the beginning of high school, if you want to make achievements in your major or want to further study for postgraduate education, you need a lot of time. In addition, you also need to find a job, the student union, Campus activities, and other things also occupy a part of college students' campus life, so there is not enough time for Jiangxi Opera art. 5. Conclusions The author believes that, in view of the shortage of teachers, relevant art colleges and normal universities can add Jiangxi Opera majors, so that art and normal university students can receive professional learning and training during school, so that when they have learned well, they can go to various comprehensive universities for teaching, and then invite more professional Jiangxi Opera performers to the university to carry out relevant Jiangxi Opera special activities, This combination of the two ensures that students can regularly learn about the art of Jiangxi Opera, and students can also get close contact with the performance of Jiangxi Opera. Secondly, the school can establish long- term cooperation with some Jiangxi Opera Troupes. The school provides promotion channels for the Jiangxi Opera Troupe. The Jiangxi Opera Troupe rents the school in costumes and props, which forms the sharing and exchange of resources, which can alleviate the problem of insufficient funds for the school to a certain extent. At the same time, in recent years, the country has made great efforts to develop local traditional arts, which have a certain preference in terms of policies and funds, Schools can also apply to the government for help to reduce the pressure on funds. Finally, universities can try to incorporate the art of Jiangxi Opera into the evaluation criteria for credit, so that students who learn the art of Jiangxi Opera can benefit from the credit points. Such personal preferential measures can attract students' participation so that students can actively participate in the study of Jiangxi Opera, and better mobilize students' participation and enthusiasm. References [1] Liu S. The Great Traditional/Modern Divide of Regional Chinese Theatrical Genres in the 1950s. Theatre Journal. 2018, 70(2): 153-72. [2] Tu Y. On Inheritance and Communication of Jiangxi Opera. In 6th International Conference on Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, 2018, 538-542. [3] Luo H, Saihong P. Developing School-Based Curriculum of Pingxiang Opera and Promoting the Inheritance Ability of Musical Performance in Jiangxi Province, China (Doctoral dissertation, Mahasarakham University). BCP Education & Psychology ERHSS 2023 Volume 9 (2023) 354 [4] Qiuyu Y, Dongsheng H, Wichmann E, Richardson G. Some observations on the aesthetics of primitive Chinese theatre. Asian Theatre Journal. 1989, 6(1): 12-30. [5] Li, Ruru. Soul of Beijing Opera, The: Theatrical Creativity and Continuity in the Changing World. Vol. 1. Hong Kong University Press, 2010. [6] Yunna Tu. On Inheritance and Communication of Jiangxi Opera. Proceedings of 2017 6th International Conference on Social Science, Education and Humanities Research (SSEHR 2017). 2017: 551-555. [7] Tong Dan. How to promote traditional opera (Jiangxi Opera) in universities, Art Education, 2009, (11): 10-11 [8] Cao Mengyao. Research on the Path of Local Opera Integration into Campus Culture Construction. Nanchang University, 2018 [9] Zeng Xinhao. Investigation and Research on "Jiangxi Opera Entering Campus" from the Perspective of Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection. Jiangxi Normal University, 2021. DOI: 10.27178/d.cnki.gjxsu.2021.001244 [10] Hu Mengni. On the Current Situation and Countermeasures of the Implementation of "Jiangxi Opera Enters Jiangxi Primary and Secondary Schools". Central China Normal University, 2015.