Biodiversity Informatics, 19, 2025, pp. 120-143 120 letsRept: AN R PACKAGE TO ACCESS THE GLOBAL REPTILE DATABASE AND FACILITATE TAXONOMIC HARMONIZATION João Paulo dos Santos Vieira-Alencar1,*, H. Christoph Liedtke2, Shai Meiri3, 4, Uri Roll5, Peter Uetz6, Javier Nori7,8 1 Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, SP, Brazil 2 Department of Ecology and Evolution. Biological Station of Doñana, CSIC, Calle Américo Vespucio 26, 41092 Seville, Spain 3 School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia 4 School of Zoology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel 5 Mitrani Department of Desert Ecology, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel 6 Center for Biological Data Science, School of Life Sciences / Reptile Database, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America 7 GeoBio, Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA, CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina 8 Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina Abstract. Taxonomy is a highly dynamic science upon which most biodiversity studies rely. Constant revisions of species delimitation hypotheses, using ever-growing amounts of data and tools cause species numbers and identities to continuously and rapidly change. Reptiles are the most species rich terrestrial vertebrate group and are amongst the most threatened and least known vertebrate taxa, representing nearly half of all data- deficient terrestrial vertebrate species. Every year hundreds of new species are described and dozens are revised, resulting in synonymizations, splittings, generic reassignments, or elevation from synonymy or from subspecies into species status. The nomenclature of this group is therefore highly dynamic and consequently, to integrate available reptile datasets generally requires extensive nomenclature review, especially for broad scale analyses. letsRept is a new R package that integrates the Reptile Database – the best curated and reliable global taxonomic reference for reptiles – into the R programming environment. Its main functions allow users to retrieve the most up-to-date taxonomic information in real time, to compare lists of species names to current nomenclature, and to detect names that have been changed by either lumping or splitting, all through web scraping techniques. Additional functions allow to produce quick taxonomic summaries, access species accounts, retrieve full reference lists and more. By permitting to embed the Reptile Database directly into R workflows, the letsRept package improves the integration of datasets from different sources, with authoritative taxonomy, reducing data loss due to nomenclature mismatch and improving the consistency in biodiversity analyses. Keywords: data acquisition, data management, taxonomy, the Reptile Database, web scraping * Corresponding author: joaopaulo.valencar@gmail.com. mailto:joaopaulo.valencar@gmail.com João Paulo dos Santos Vieira-Alencar et al. – letsRept 121 Introduction Cataloguing the diversity of life on Earth is fundamen- tal to the scientific endeavour, yet, we have only formally described a fraction of all living organisms (Mora et al., 2011). In some taxa, such as nematodes, our knowledge shortfalls remain vast, with most species still undiscov- ered or undescribed (Larsen et al., 2017). This is termed a ‘Linnean Shortfall’, which describes the discrepancy between the number of species that exist and the number of species that were formally described and are known to science to date (Brown and Lomolino, 1998; Hortal et al., 2015). Vertebrates are amongst the best-studied animals, and such knowledge deficit is probably relatively small in this group. Yet, even within vertebrates there is active dis- cussion on the delimitation and nomenclature of species (Wüster et al., 2024). Furthermore, in several vertebrate taxa, such as reptiles, species continue to be discovered and described at accelerating rates (Meiri, 2016; Uetz et al., 2021). These taxonomic efforts result in ever increas- ing numbers of recognized species, and frequent changes of perceived species identities and taxon nomenclature. This creates taxonomic mismatches across major large da- tabases (e.g., GenBank, GBIF, and the IUCN Red List), which pose significant challenges for researchers, the public at large, and conservation practitioners (Cordier et al., 2024; Nori et al., 2022a). Moreover, advances in our knowledge of species’ natural histories, evolutionary relationships, geographical distribution, and conservation status and needs, among others, are contingent on estab- lishing current and unified taxonomic reference across dif- ferent data sources (Baranzelli et al., 2023). To maintain consistent and up-to-date taxonomic ref- erences, several databases are being actively curated, such as the Catalogue of Life (CoL; Bánki et al., 2025) and the Integrative Taxonomic Information System (ITIS1). Addi- tionally, quick nomenclature verification by querying a list of species names is available in several web servers, such as the Global Names Verifier (GNV2) and the GBIF name parser3. They are not, however, easily integrated into work- flows in statistical programming environments, a problem which been addressed by, for example, the R packages taxize (Chamberlain and Szöcs, 2013; Chamberlain et al., 2020), and taxadb (Boettiger et al., 2023). These packages integrate taxonomic information from general databases, such as the previously mentioned CoL and ITIS, into the R environment. Although the taxize and taxadb packages employ sophisticated matching algorithms, and draw from multiple sources, they are limited in their ability to address 1 https://www.itis.gov/. 2 http://resolver.globalnames.org/. 3 https://www.gbif.org/tools/name-parser. taxonomy ambiguity (see the taxize outputs in the Exam- ple application section below). Taxonomic ambiguity may arise from species synonymization, when accumulated evidence suggests that a given taxonomic entity no lon- ger bears enough distinctive characters to be considered a separate species. Conversely, new evidence may support the division of a previously unified taxonomic entity into multiple newly recognized species, leading to taxonomic splitting. Complex taxonomic synonymization or splitting make database nomenclature matching difficult. For ex- ample, with regards to database management, cases of taxonomic synonymization would involve deciding on how to merge information that was previously regarded as multiple taxonomic entities. On the other hand, cases of taxonomic splitting would require detailed revision to ensure which portion of the information previously as- signed to a single species should now be attributed to dis- tinct taxonomic entities. Moreover, these challenges will vary depending on the type of data meant to be merged or separated. Distribution data from a junior synonym will in most cases just require merging the records to those of the senior synonym, conversely, cases of taxonomic splitting would require a careful revision, not only of the records related to the vouchers used in the new species descrip- tion, but to some extent, most nearby records. Meanwhile, databases on species traits might involve distinct decisions with respect to, for example, categorical or continuous data. In both cases such decisions are dependent on the taxonomic authority followed. Given the dynamic nature of taxonomy, especially for historically overlooked groups such as amphibians and reptiles, taxon-specific databases, that are regularly updated with high standards of data cu- ration, such as “Amphibian Species of the World” (Frost, 2025), and “the Reptile Database” (Uetz et al., 2025) are indispensable to ensure nomenclature consistency. Liedt- ke (2018) created AmphiNom, an R package dedicated to retrieving and synchronizing taxonomic information, and species synonyms, from the Amphibian Species of the World dataset (Frost, 2025). Conversely, reptiles still lack any comparable tool to facilitate access to their primary taxonomic database. Properly managing reptile taxonomic information is essential, not only because they represent the richest terrestrial vertebrate group with nearly 12,500 recognized species (Uetz et al., 2025), but also because their conservation is constantly affected by taxonomic changes. Reptiles are among the most threatened vertebrate groups, with 1846 species (~18%) currently classified as threatened (IUCN, 2025) and high numbers of data- deficient, recently described, and still undescribed species https://www.itis.gov/ http://resolver.globalnames.org/ https://www.gbif.org/tools/name-parser João Paulo dos Santos Vieira-Alencar et al. – letsRept 122 suspected to be threatened (Meiri, 2016; Caetano et al., 2022; Meiri et al., 2023). Many reptile lineages exhibit high taxonomic instability, with alpha diversity estimates continuously changing due to new species descriptions and reclassifications (e.g., Uetz et al., 2020; Nori et al., 2022b), with a clear impact on their management and conservation (Cordier et al., 2021). The number of known reptiles is currently increasing, with one in six (17.0%) of all recognized species being described since 2014 and an nearly 100 additional species described between January and July of 2025 (Fig. 1; Uetz et al., 2025). The Reptile Database (RDB), founded nearly 30 years ago (Uetz et al., 2021), has become the central resource for reptile taxonomy. It serves as a key reference for taxonomic information, on which other databases (such as CoL) are reliant. Besides highly curated taxonomy, the RDB also provides species synonyms, and their respective historical use in the literature, type series information, countries of species occurrences, a reference list for each species, and more (Uetz et al., 2025). With over 50,000 monthly users, and a rapidly growing number of citations, the RDB continues to increase in importance within the herpetological community (Uetz et al., 2021). Given the close ties between taxonomy and fields such as systematics and conservation – and considering the fast pace of taxonomic revisions and persistent knowledge gaps, particularly in species-rich regions (e.g., Melville et al., 2021) – the ability to track changes and provide expert, up-to-date taxonomic decisions is essential. The RDB has established itself as the most reliable and comprehensive source of such high-quality information for reptiles worldwide. A growing number of databases now provide valuable information on reptile traits and distributions, such as SquamBase (Meiri, 2024) and ReptTraits (Oskyrko et al., 2024) for ecological traits, IUCN Red List (IUCN, 2025) for threats and the Global Assessment of Reptile Distributions (Roll et al., 2017; Caetano et al., 2022) for species level distribution data. Genetic information is also accessible in GenBank (Benson et al., 2015). Together, all these provide valuable information used to access reptile diversity patterns and to track threats and the evolutionary history of reptile species. However, the dynamic nature of reptile taxonomy, and frequent nomenclature changes, hamper their straightforward use, leading to potential data loss due to nomenclature mismatch and to the time-consuming (but indispensable) step of careful nomenclature unification. Therefore, the development of a dedicated tool to address the challenges related to reptile taxonomy can greatly facilitate access and comparison of all known valid species names and their respective synonyms, as well as use of the most reliable sources of reptile information, making it both timely and valuable. Consequently, we developed ‘letsRept’, an R package to serve as a tool to Fig 1. Annual number of species descriptions for Squamata. Points represent species counts per year, and the smoothed lines show trends over time using loess regression. João Paulo dos Santos Vieira-Alencar et al. – letsRept 123 letsRept is primarily designed to facilitate the com- parison and matching between datasets where the species is the primary unit of classification, and the current val- id names in the Reptile Database. The package queries a vector of species names and resolves nomenclatural mis- matches, including identification of cases of taxonomic splitting or synonymization. To avoid oversimplification the package highlights cases of ambiguity and enables us- ers to focus on and investigate complex taxonomic chang- es. It also extracts the full taxonomic information available to allow exploratory analyses (e.g., on higher taxonomic levels). letsRept is also equipped with built-in datasets that comprise the full reptile taxonomic information available in the Reptile Database, including a full synonym list, that can be accessed without an active internet connection. Ad- ditionally, the package provides versions of SquamBase (Meiri, 2024) and ReptTraits (Oskyrko et al., 2024) com- prising all information originally available within these datasets, with former and current suggested nomenclature (September 2025 version, Uetz et al., 2025) along with the equivalent nomenclatural status as obtained from letsRept. We describe below a regional case study with detailed examples of main functions of letsRept (Table 1), a flow- chart summarizing step-by-step the nomenclature update is illustrated in Figure 2. The script along with all neces- sary input data are available in the supporting information. integrate the Reptile Database with the R environment to provide a fast and efficient way to retrieve and synchronize reptile species taxonomic information. Software Tool Description letsRept is a package written in the R programming language (R Core Team, 2025) specifically designed to facilitate access to most reptile information available in the Reptile Database. By extracting and structuring infor- mation directly from the Reptile Database website pro- grammatically sending queries to the web server, it en- ables users to retrieve summarized taxonomic information from species lists obtained from advanced searches (e.g. a country or high taxonomic level species lists); explore synonyms and other content available in the species ac- count and track nomenclatural changes (Table 1). The package leverages existing HTTP and web scrap- ing tools: httr (Wickham, 2023a), rvest (Wickham, 2024), and xml2 (Wickham et al., 2025). It uses dplyr (Wickham et al., 2023b), stringr (Wickham, 2023c), and tidyr (Wick- ham et al., 2024) to manage and manipulate character strings and data frames. It uses parallel (R Core Team, 2025) to implement parallel processing and enhances user experience with progress bars incorporated from pbapply (Solymos and Zawadzki, 2023) and pbmcapply (Kuang et al., 2022). Table 1. Functions available within the letsRept package. Function Description reptSearch Queries the Reptile Database (RDB) for information about a single reptile species using its bino- mial name. reptAdvancedSearch Creates a search URL for retrieving species lists from RDB based on multiple filters. reptSpecies Retrieves a list of reptile species from the Reptile Database (RDB) based on a search URL. It optionally returns detailed taxonomic information and URLs for each species for further use. Allows parallel processing. reptStats Summarizes higher taxonomic information from a list of species reptSynonyms Retrieves a data frame containing the current valid names of reptile species along with all their recognized synonyms and chresonyms, as listed in the Reptile Database (RDB). Optionally, it returns the references citing each entry. Allows parallel processing. reptCompare Compares a list species with the current nomenclature and highlights mismatched names that require nomenclature review. reptSync Queries a user-provided list of reptile species binomials known to require review against the cur- rent nomenclature as defined in the Reptile Database and returns a list of valid names, highlighting the status of the queried nomenclature in comparison to the current. Allows parallel processing. reptSplitCheck Queries a user-provided list of reptile species binomials and check them as synonyms of species described after a user-defined date. Allows parallel processing. reptTidySyn Prints the outputs of herpSync and herpSplitCheck in a tidy way, with an optional filter to the status column. reptRefs Retrieves the list of references from a species account, optionally including their respective access links (when available) and summarize in a data frame. João Paulo dos Santos Vieira-Alencar et al. – letsRept 124 Fig 2. Summary of steps performed to update the Atlas of Brazilian Snakes (Nogueira et al., 2019) nomenclature. João Paulo dos Santos Vieira-Alencar et al. – letsRept 125 Note that future uses of these scripts may produce differ- ent outcomes due to future taxonomic changes. A guide to install the package and reproduce all the examples along with all data used is accessible4. Detailed documentation and vignettes are also available through standard R help systems. Example Application We used the Atlas of Brazilian Snakes (Nogueira et al., 2019) as a case study to illustrate the utility of letsRept to reconcile outdated nomenclature with current taxonom- ic standards within an extensive and taxonomically chal- lenging dataset. Nogueira et al. (2019) mapped the distri- bution of 411 snake species that occur in Brazil including georeferenced information for all available type localities (see Supplementary Material, Table S3 therein). Howev- er, Brazilian snake nomenclature has changed since 2019, with synonymizations, taxonomic splitting, and genus and species revalidations. To use this important resource, it now requires a detailed nomenclatural review. To sample a subset of species from the Reptile Da- tabase we retrieved snake species known to occur in the Brazilian territory using the function reptAdvancedSearch. This function replicates the filtering logic of the Reptile Database’s web interface that allow users to construct ad- vanced queries directly from R: snakes_br_link <- reptAdvancedSearch(location = “Brazil”, higher = “snakes”) By specifying the location and taxonomic group of interest, we generated a search URL and obtained a count of 450 recognized Brazilian snake species. Next, we used reptSpecies to retrieve detailed taxonomic information for each species returned by the search. This function accepts the search URL and returns a vector of species names or, optionally, a data frame including species higher taxonom- ic information and the URLs to access species account: snakes_br <- reptSpecies(snakes_ br_link, taxonomicInfo = TRUE, cores = 1) Note that this and other functions (Table 1) allow for par- allel processing. In general, parallel processing divides the information sampling to a number of user defined compu- tation cores. Parallelizing with four nodes: 4 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16895979. snakes_br <- reptSpecies(snakes_ br_link, taxonomicInfo = TRUE, cores = 4) Using function reptCompare, we compared the spe- cies names from Nogueira et al. (2019) with the nomen- clature sampled in the previous step and found that the names of 372 out of the 411 species (79.5%) matched the RDB nomenclature (status = “matched”; September 2025 version, Uetz et al., 2025), 38 names require nomencla- tural revision (status = “review”), and one of the queried species (Apostolepis ambiniger) is a valid name according to RDB, but is absent from the Brazilian snakes species subset (status = “absent”): reptCompare(atlas$species, snakes_br$species) We used the argument filter to select species that required nomenclature review: review <- reptCompare (atlas$species, snakes_ br$species, filter = “review”) And then parsed the unmatched 38 species names to rept- Sync. sync <- reptSync(review, solveAmbiguity = TRUE) This function returns a data frame with three columns: a) query: The species names provided by the user; b) RDB: Species current name as accepted by the Reptile Database; and c) status: Indicating the status of the queried names in comparison with the RDB (Table 2). A total of 35 (~90%) of the queried species could be unambiguously assigned to one valid species name, three could be assigned to two or more valid names (ambiguous – Corallus hortulanus, Taeniophallus occipitalis and Tomodon ocellatus), and two could be assigned to only one valid name (merge – Liotyphlops beui and L. sousai, both seemingly synonyms of L. ternetzii). The data frame with all unmatched species reviewed nomenclature is available in the Supporting In- formation Table S1). To visualize a summary of species with changed nomenclatural status we used function rept- TidySyn with the object output from reptSync using the argument filter (Table 3). reptTidySyn(sync, filter = c(“merge”, “ambiguous”)) https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16895979 João Paulo dos Santos Vieira-Alencar et al. – letsRept 126 The example subset (Table 3) highlights species from Nogueira et al. (2019) for which no current valid name could be unambiguously assigned. Using the reptSearch function we can retrieve from RDB, and print in R, all available information of a desired species, with a valid bi- nomial. Searching, for example, the information of Coral- lus cookii and C. hortulana: reptSearch(“Corallus cookii”) reptSearch(“Corallus hortulana”) We find that even though the originally queried bi- nomial (C. hortulanus) is considered a synonym of both species, C. hortulanus as used by Nogueira et al. (2019) is referable only to C. hortulana. Additionally, the ac- count of C. cookii has no information reporting this spe- cies to the Brazilian territory suggesting that C. hortulana is likely the current valid name for the queried binomial. Applying a similar rationale for Tomodon ocellatus and Taeniophallus occipitalis shows the nomenclature of the former now being unambiguously updated to Tachymenis ocellata and the latter to Adelphostigma occipitalis. Final- ly, Liotyphlops beui and L. sousai are likely synonyms: reptSearch shows that these names from Nogueira et al. (2019) are in the list of synonyms of L. ternetzii, and that, in the comment section, there is a summarized history of the synonymization regarding these species. The logical argument getRef allows for printing all references men- tioned in the species account in the R console and allows to quickly check the relevant literature regarding species’ nomenclature changes: reptSearch(“Liotyphlops ternetzii”, getRef = TRUE) For comparison, we parsed the species from Table 3 to taxize (Chamberlain and Szöcs, 2013; Chamberlain et al., 2020) – using function gna_verifier with default set- Table 2. Nomenclature status retrieved from reptSync or reptSplitCheck. Status Description up to date Species name provided is the current valid name found in the Reptile Database updated Species name provided is a synonym or a chresonym, and the current valid name is reported unambig- uously ambiguous Species name provided is considered a synonym or a chresonym of more than one current valid spe- cies. (In RDB, chresonyms are indicated by a hyphen after their names) not found Species name provided in query is not a current valid name nor synonym or chresonym according to the Reptile Database merge Multiple names in the query are now considered synonyms of a single valid species check split The species name provided is possibly synonym of at least one valid species described after a user provided reference date failed The query failed to access the RDB server when parsing the species name Table 3. reptSync function output example filtered by reptTidySyn. Query: list of species from Nogueira et al. (2019); RDB: current valid name for queried species according to the Reptile Database; status: condition of queried species name. Note that most of the RDB output appears ambiguous but the user can easily clarify such cases by looking at the actual database entries (e.g. using rept- Search(“Corallus hortulana”)). For instance, the combination “Corallus hortulanus” is only found as such in C. hortulana. T. occipi- talis and T. ocellatus can be unambiguously assigned to the species with the same epithet. Query RDB Status Corallus hortulanus Corallus cookii Corallus hortulana ambiguous Liotyphlops beui Liotyphlops sousai Liotyphlops ternetzii merge Taeniophallus occipitalis Adelphostigma occipitalis Adelphostigma quadriocellata Eutrachelophis papilio ambiguous Tomodon ocellatus Tachymenis ocellata Tachymenis trigonatus ambiguous João Paulo dos Santos Vieira-Alencar et al. – letsRept 127 tings, the Catalogue of Life (Bánki et al., 2025), and the Global Names Verifier5 (see Table 4). All tools overlooked the status of Liotyphlops beui but correctly identified L. sousai is a synonym of L. ternetzii. On the other hand, only the Catalogue of Life mentions the ambiguity of Corallus hortulanus as a synonym, and none of the tools suggest- ed that Tomodon ocellatus is a synonym of Tachymenis ocellata – all suggesting T. trigonatus as the current valid name. In taxize, using argument all_matches, overlooked C. cookii as an optional solution, but identified C. hortula- na as a possible current name for C. hortulanus. However, following the “sort score” for suggesting the most likely current name, the function default settings also overlooked C. hortulana as one of the possible current names and re- turned an “empty” resolution. Intriguingly, all these gen- eral tools considered Taeniophallus occipitalis a synonym of the gymnophthalmid lizard Psilops paeminosus, which points to an alarming nomenclatural misinterpretation within these databases, that was avoided using letsRept. We further checked if the 372 species names with matching nomenclature in Nogueira et al. (2019) and Bra- zilian snakes according to RDB could have been subjected to taxonomic splits after the Atlas’ 2019 publication. To do so, we filtered the species names with reptCompare and queried the binomials with the function reptSplitCheck setting the argument pubDate to 2019: matched <- reptCompare (atlas$species, snakes_ br$species, filter = “matched”) split_check <- reptSplitCheck (matched, pubDate = 2019) This is one of the most innovative functions of the package since it goes beyond simple nomenclature match- ing, as most tools do. It provides a clear output warning for cases in which data from the queried species need to be checked as it could possibly be split into distinct newly 5 http://resolver.globalnames.org. described species. The function reveals that most of the queried binomials (N = 353; 94.3%) are not synonyms of any species described in or after 2019 or were already in- cluded in Nogueira et al. (2019; e.g.: Atractus dapsilis and A. trefauti). We used the function reptTidySyn to examine the remaining 19 species names that require attention (Ta- ble 5; see also Supporting Information Table S2): reptTidySyn(split_check, filter = “check_split”) With the function reptSearch we accessed each spe- cies account, and found, for example, a publication that described four new species in the Atractus snethlageae species complex (Melo-Sampaio et al., 2021): reptSearch(“Atractus akerios”, getRef = TRUE) reptSearch(“Atractus nawa”, getRef = TRUE) This suggests that the distributional information original- ly attributed to A. snethlageae in Nogueira et al (2019) should be reviewed as some of it might now be related to different species (see Table 5). Similarly, Chironius species accounts led to the works of Eutiaspe-Neto et al. (2020), Jadin et al. (2024) and Sudré et al. (2024), while the account of Oxybelis aeneus pointed to the works of Jadin et al. (2020; 2021). With the function reptRefs users can access these publications URLs and can retrieve the publications related to the species taxonomic split. Conclusion Summarizing taxonomic information and ensuring nomenclature consistency across studies and datasets are unarguably necessary steps towards successful integrative approaches. Despite recent efforts to facilitate retrieving reptile information from the Reptile Database using R en- vironment (e.g. Santos-Andrade, 2025), to date there was no tool for reliable reptile nomenclature check and update. Table 4. Result of species names from Nogueira et al. (2019) parsed to package taxize, the Catalogue of Life and the Global Names Verifier (GNV). NAs represents searches where no results were found. Query taxize Catalogue of Life GNV Corallus hortulanus NA Corallus cookii Corallus hortulana Corallus hortulanus Liotyphlops beui NA NA Liotyphlops beui Liotyphlops sousai Liotyphlops ternetzii Liotyphlops ternetzii Liotyphlops ternetzii Taeniophallus occipitalis Psilops paeminosus Psilops paeminosus Psilops paeminosus Tomodon ocellatus Tachymenis trigonatus Tachymenis trigonatus Tachymenis trigonatus http://resolver.globalnames.org João Paulo dos Santos Vieira-Alencar et al. – letsRept 128 Most general tools as those mentioned in the case study above rely solely on nomenclature matching, overlooking cases of taxonomic ambiguity or split. Despite the novelty of checking for taxonomic split- ting, letsRept is limited to verifying that only for new spe- cies description, overlooking nomenclatural changes re- garding for example, cases of species that were described (e.g. as a split from another species), synonymized, and further revalidated, keeping the original description date. Such complex changes and the decision on how to man- age dataset information still requires careful attention. The letsRept package makes no authoritative decisions. It does not provide a silver bullet solution to the complexity of tracking taxonomic changes. It is also probably not need- ed if only a single species or species complex is studied. Rather, it facilitates nomenclature checks by providing clear summaries of species that might need some attention prior to merging datasets or evaluating a species distribu- tion or threat status. It is mandatory to note the most important functions require stable internet connection and server responsive- ness, which otherwise might lead to unsatisfactory process- ing time and minor errors beyond the package usefulness. Meanwhile, the package internal datasets offer a palliative opportunity for offline nomenclature checking. Ensuring a fast and consistent reptile nomenclature check can save scientists and decision makers time, while avoiding data loss due to simple nomenclature mismatches. letsRept also allows for large scale syntheses, summarizing the most up to date taxonomic information for a clade or a region of interest with just a few steps. For example, only three lines of code are needed to identify the number of species with- in each of the nine snake families occurring in Brazil (see script in the Supplementary Material). With multiple users Table 5. Example of reptSplitCheck output filtered by reptTidySyn. Query: list of species from Nogueira et al. (2019); RDB: species described in or after 2019 of which the queried species is considered a synonym according to the Reptile Database; Status: condition of queried species name. Query RDB Status Atractus badius Atractus akerios check split Atractus major Atractus nawa check split Atractus snethlageae Atractus akerios Atractus ukupacha check split Bothrocophias microphthalmus Bothrocophias myrringae Bothrocophias tulitoi check split Bothrops brazili Bothrops oligobalius check split Bothrops mattogrossensis Bothrops monsignifer check split Bothrops neuwiedi Bothrops sonene check split Chironius bicarinatus Chironius dracomaris Chironius gouveai check split Chironius carinatus Chironius dracomaris Chironius gouveai Chironius nigelnoriegai check split Chironius fuscus Chironius nigelnoriegai check split Erythrolamprus poecilogyrus Erythrolamprus aenigma check split Erythrolamprus reginae Erythrolamprus pseudoreginae check split Helicops leopardinus Helicops phantasma check split Leptophis ahaetulla Leptophis mystacinus check split Micrurus ibiboboca Micrurus anibal check split Micrurus lemniscatus Micrurus anibal check split Oxybelis aeneus Oxybelis inkaterra Oxybelis koehleri Oxybelis rutherfordi check split Taeniophallus brevirostris Chlorosoma dunupyana check split Tantilla melanocephala Tantilla selmae check split João Paulo dos Santos Vieira-Alencar et al. – letsRept 129 accessing data, we will also have the opportunity to detect inconsistencies within the Reptile Database itself, which could be improved by constructive feedback, e.g., using the feedback function on the individual species pages. In summary, letsRept makes the voluminous reptile information hosted in the Reptile Database, quickly, re- liably, and easily accessible to enable straightforward analyses. Overall, letsRept can support more robust and harmonized analyses of reptile diversity, conservation, and evolution. Given the clear lack of such a resource for rep- tiles, despite their taxonomic complexity and conservation importance, we hope it to be well received not only by the extensive herpetological community, but also to play a central role in broad-scale assessments across multiple scientific disciplines and in the wider biodiversity research community. Acknowledgments JPSV-A was funded by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP, process 2023/07014-9). UR and SM were funded by a joint Israel Science Foundation grant # 611/23. This work was also supported by CONATURAR (Redes Federales de Alto Impacto, Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología de Argentina; 2023-102072649-APN-MCT), Fondo Nacional de Cien- cia y Técnica de Argentina (PICT2022‐11‐00287). Conflict of Interest Statement The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. Data Availability All data used in examples are referenced and public- ly available. A short guide to installing the package and reproducing all the examples, along with all data used, is accessible6. Detailed examples of each function uses are described in the package help and vignettes. Author Contributions JPSV-A developed the package and led the manuscript draft writing; HCL tested and contributed to package de- velopment; All authors made conceptual and intellectual contributions, reviewed the manuscript and contributed to the final version of the text. Software Availability The letsRept package is implemented in the R pro- gramming language (R Core Team, 2025) and is freely available under the MIT License. The stable release can be downloaded from the Comprehensive R Archive Net- 6 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16895979. work (CRAN)7. Development versions, issue tracking, and source code are maintained on GitHub8. All functions are documented within the package, and usage examples are provided in the help files and vignettes. The package is platform-independent and has been tested on macOS, Li- nux, and Windows operating systems. References Bánki, O., Roskov, Y., Döring, M., Ower, G., Hernández Robles, D. R., Plata Corredor, C. A., Stjernegaard Jeppesen, T., Örn, A., Pape, T., Hobern, D., Garnett, S., Little, H., DeWalt, R. E., Miller, J., Orrell, T., Aal- bu, R., Abbott, J., Aedo, C., Aescht, E., ... Şentürk, O. 2025. Catalogue of Life (Version 2025-07-10). 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Christoph Liedtke, Shai Meiri, Uri Roll, Peter Uetz, Javier Nori Supplementary Table S1: Query RDB Status Apostolepis ambiniger Apostolepis ambiniger absent Apostolepis ammodites Apostolepis sanctaeritae updated Apostolepis barrioi Apostolepis dimidiata updated Apostolepis cerradoensis Apostolepis albicollaris updated Apostolepis mariae Apostolepis thalesdelemai updated Apostolepis phillipsi Apostolepis phillipsae updated Apostolepis roncadori Apostolepis vittata updated Apostolepis tertulianobeui Apostolepis assimilis updated Chironius laurenti Chironius dixoni updated Chironius scurrulus Chironius scurrula updated Corallus hortulanus Corallus cookii; Corallus hortulana ambiguous Echinanthera amoena Amnisiophis amoenus updated Epictia collaris Habrophallos collaris updated Erythrolamprus cobellus Erythrolamprus cobella updated Hydrodynastes melanogigas Hydrodynastes gigas updated Liotyphlops beui Liotyphlops ternetzii merge Liotyphlops sousai Liotyphlops ternetzii merge Philodryas argentea Xenoxybelis argenteus updated Philodryas georgeboulengeri Xenoxybelis boulengeri updated Philodryas laticeps Chlorosoma laticeps updated Philodryas viridissima Chlorosoma viridissimum updated Phrynonax polylepis Phrynonax sexcarinatus updated Siagonodon acutirostris Trilepida acutirostris updated Taeniophallus affinis Dibernardia affinis updated Taeniophallus bilineatus Dibernardia bilineata updated Taeniophallus occipitalis Adelphostigma occipitalis; Adelphostigma quadriocellata; Eutrachelophis papilio ambiguous Taeniophallus persimilis Dibernardia persimilis updated Taeniophallus poecilopogon Dibernardia poecilopogon updated Taeniophallus quadriocellatus Adelphostigma quadriocellata updated João Paulo dos Santos Vieira-Alencar et al. – letsRept 132 Query RDB Status Thamnodynastes almae Dryophylax almae updated Thamnodynastes cf. nattereri Dryophylax nattereri updated Thamnodynastes chaquensis Dryophylax chaquensis updated Thamnodynastes hypoconia Dryophylax hypoconia updated Thamnodynastes lanei Zonateres lanei updated Thamnodynastes phoenix Dryophylax phoenix updated Thamnodynastes ramonriveroi Dryophylax ramonriveroi updated Thamnodynastes rutilus Mesotes rutilus updated Thamnodynastes strigatus Mesotes strigatus updated Tomodon ocellatus Tachymenis ocellata; Tachymenis trigonatus ambiguous 133 João Paulo dos Santos Vieira-Alencar et al. – letsRept letsRept: An R Package to Access the Global Reptile Database and Facilitate Taxonomic Harmonization João Paulo dos Santos Vieira-Alencar, H. Christoph Liedtke, Shai Meiri, Uri Roll, Peter Uetz, Javier Nori Supplementary Table S2: Query RDB Status Amerotyphlops amoipira Amerotyphlops amoipira up to date Amerotyphlops arenensis Amerotyphlops arenensis up to date Amerotyphlops brongersmianus Amerotyphlops brongersmianus up to date Amerotyphlops minuisquamus Amerotyphlops minuisquamus up to date Amerotyphlops paucisquamus Amerotyphlops paucisquamus up to date Amerotyphlops reticulatus Amerotyphlops reticulatus up to date Amerotyphlops yonenagae Amerotyphlops yonenagae up to date Anilius scytale Anilius scytale up to date Apostolepis adhara Apostolepis adhara up to date Apostolepis albicollaris Apostolepis albicollaris up to date Apostolepis arenaria Apostolepis arenaria up to date Apostolepis assimilis Apostolepis assimilis up to date Apostolepis borellii Apostolepis borellii up to date Apostolepis cearensis Apostolepis cearensis up to date Apostolepis christineae Apostolepis christineae up to date Apostolepis dimidiata Apostolepis dimidiata up to date Apostolepis flavotorquata Apostolepis flavotorquata up to date Apostolepis gaboi Apostolepis gaboi up to date Apostolepis goiasensis Apostolepis goiasensis up to date Apostolepis intermedia Apostolepis intermedia up to date Apostolepis kikoi Apostolepis kikoi up to date Apostolepis lineata Apostolepis lineata up to date Apostolepis longicaudata Apostolepis longicaudata up to date Apostolepis nelsonjorgei Apostolepis nelsonjorgei up to date Apostolepis nigrolineata Apostolepis nigrolineata up to date Apostolepis nigroterminata Apostolepis nigroterminata up to date Apostolepis polylepis Apostolepis polylepis up to date Apostolepis quinquelineata Apostolepis quinquelineata up to date Apostolepis quirogai Apostolepis quirogai up to date Apostolepis serrana Apostolepis serrana up to date Apostolepis striata Apostolepis striata up to date Apostolepis thalesdelemai Apostolepis thalesdelemai up to date Apostolepis vittata Apostolepis vittata up to date Atractus aboiporu Atractus aboiporu up to date Atractus albuquerquei Atractus albuquerquei up to date João Paulo dos Santos Vieira-Alencar et al. – letsRept 134 Query RDB Status Atractus alphonsehogei Atractus alphonsehogei up to date Atractus altagratiae Atractus altagratiae up to date Atractus badius Atractus akerios check split Atractus boimirim Atractus boimirim up to date Atractus caete Atractus caete up to date Atractus caxiuana Atractus caxiuana up to date Atractus collaris Atractus collaris up to date Atractus dapsilis Atractus dapsilis up to date Atractus edioi Atractus edioi up to date Atractus elaps Atractus elaps up to date Atractus emmeli Atractus emmeli up to date Atractus flammigerus Atractus flammigerus up to date Atractus francoi Atractus francoi up to date Atractus guentheri Atractus guentheri up to date Atractus hoogmoedi Atractus hoogmoedi up to date Atractus insipidus Atractus insipidus up to date Atractus latifrons Atractus latifrons up to date Atractus maculatus Atractus maculatus up to date Atractus major Atractus nawa check split Atractus natans Atractus natans up to date Atractus pantostictus Atractus pantostictus up to date Atractus paraguayensis Atractus paraguayensis up to date Atractus poeppigi Atractus poeppigi up to date Atractus potschi Atractus potschi up to date Atractus reticulatus Atractus reticulatus up to date Atractus riveroi Atractus riveroi up to date Atractus ronnie Atractus ronnie up to date Atractus serranus Atractus serranus up to date Atractus snethlageae Atractus akerios; Atractus ukupacha check split Atractus spinalis Atractus spinalis up to date Atractus stygius Atractus stygius up to date Atractus surucucu Atractus surucucu up to date Atractus tartarus Atractus tartarus up to date Atractus thalesdelemai Atractus thalesdelemai up to date Atractus torquatus Atractus torquatus up to date Atractus trefauti Atractus trefauti up to date Atractus trihedrurus Atractus trihedrurus up to date Atractus trilineatus Atractus trilineatus up to date Atractus zebrinus Atractus zebrinus up to date Atractus zidoki Atractus zidoki up to date Boa constrictor Boa constrictor up to date João Paulo dos Santos Vieira-Alencar et al. – letsRept 135 Query RDB Status Boiruna maculata Boiruna maculata up to date Boiruna sertaneja Boiruna sertaneja up to date Bothrocophias hyoprora Bothrocophias hyoprora up to date Bothrocophias microphthalmus Bothrocophias myrringae; Bothrocophias tulitoi check split Bothrops alcatraz Bothrops alcatraz up to date Bothrops alternatus Bothrops alternatus up to date Bothrops atrox Bothrops atrox up to date Bothrops bilineatus Bothrops bilineatus up to date Bothrops brazili Bothrops oligobalius check split Bothrops cotiara Bothrops cotiara up to date Bothrops diporus Bothrops diporus up to date Bothrops erythromelas Bothrops erythromelas up to date Bothrops fonsecai Bothrops fonsecai up to date Bothrops insularis Bothrops insularis up to date Bothrops itapetiningae Bothrops itapetiningae up to date Bothrops jararaca Bothrops jararaca up to date Bothrops jararacussu Bothrops jararacussu up to date Bothrops leucurus Bothrops leucurus up to date Bothrops lutzi Bothrops lutzi up to date Bothrops marajoensis Bothrops marajoensis up to date Bothrops marmoratus Bothrops marmoratus up to date Bothrops mattogrossensis Bothrops monsignifer check split Bothrops moojeni Bothrops moojeni up to date Bothrops muriciensis Bothrops muriciensis up to date Bothrops neuwiedi Bothrops sonene check split Bothrops otavioi Bothrops otavioi up to date Bothrops pauloensis Bothrops pauloensis up to date Bothrops pirajai Bothrops pirajai up to date Bothrops pubescens Bothrops pubescens up to date Bothrops sazimai Bothrops sazimai up to date Bothrops taeniatus Bothrops taeniatus up to date Caaeteboia amarali Caaeteboia amarali up to date Calamodontophis paucidens Calamodontophis paucidens up to date Calamodontophis ronaldoi Calamodontophis ronaldoi up to date Cercophis auratus Cercophis auratus up to date Chironius bicarinatus Chironius dracomaris; Chironius gouveai check split Chironius brazili Chironius brazili up to date Chironius carinatus Chironius dracomaris; Chironius gouveai; Chironius nigelnoriegai check split Chironius diamantina Chironius diamantina up to date João Paulo dos Santos Vieira-Alencar et al. – letsRept 136 Query RDB Status Chironius exoletus Chironius exoletus up to date Chironius flavolineatus Chironius flavolineatus up to date Chironius foveatus Chironius foveatus up to date Chironius fuscus Chironius nigelnoriegai check split Chironius laevicollis Chironius laevicollis up to date Chironius maculoventris Chironius maculoventris up to date Chironius multiventris Chironius multiventris up to date Chironius quadricarinatus Chironius quadricarinatus up to date Clelia clelia Clelia clelia up to date Clelia hussami Clelia hussami up to date Clelia plumbea Clelia plumbea up to date Corallus batesii Corallus batesii up to date Corallus caninus Corallus caninus up to date Corallus cropanii Corallus cropanii up to date Coronelaps lepidus Coronelaps lepidus up to date Crotalus durissus Crotalus durissus up to date Dendrophidion atlantica Dendrophidion atlantica up to date Dendrophidion dendrophis Dendrophidion dendrophis up to date Dipsas albifrons Dipsas albifrons up to date Dipsas alternans Dipsas alternans up to date Dipsas bucephala Dipsas bucephala up to date Dipsas catesbyi Dipsas catesbyi up to date Dipsas copei Dipsas copei up to date Dipsas indica Dipsas indica up to date Dipsas lavillai Dipsas lavillai up to date Dipsas mikanii Dipsas mikanii up to date Dipsas neuwiedi Dipsas neuwiedi up to date Dipsas pavonina Dipsas pavonina up to date Dipsas sazimai Dipsas sazimai up to date Dipsas turgida Dipsas turgida up to date Dipsas variegata Dipsas variegata up to date Dipsas ventrimaculata Dipsas ventrimaculata up to date Ditaxodon taeniatus Ditaxodon taeniatus up to date Drepanoides anomalus Drepanoides anomalus up to date Drymarchon corais Drymarchon corais up to date Drymobius rhombifer Drymobius rhombifer up to date Drymoluber brazili Drymoluber brazili up to date Drymoluber dichrous Drymoluber dichrous up to date Echinanthera cephalomaculata Echinanthera cephalomaculata up to date Echinanthera cephalostriata Echinanthera cephalostriata up to date Echinanthera cyanopleura Echinanthera cyanopleura up to date Echinanthera melanostigma Echinanthera melanostigma up to date João Paulo dos Sant os Vieira-Alencar et al. – letsRept 137 Query RDB Status Echinanthera undulata Echinanthera undulata up to date Elapomorphus quinquelineatus Elapomorphus quinquelineatus up to date Elapomorphus wuchereri Elapomorphus wuchereri up to date Epicrates assisi Epicrates assisi up to date Epicrates cenchria Epicrates cenchria up to date Epicrates crassus Epicrates crassus up to date Epicrates maurus Epicrates maurus up to date Epictia albifrons Epictia albifrons up to date Epictia borapeliotes Epictia borapeliotes up to date Epictia clinorostris Epictia clinorostris up to date Epictia munoai Epictia munoai up to date Epictia striatula Epictia striatula up to date Epictia vellardi Epictia vellardi up to date Erythrolamprus aesculapii Erythrolamprus aesculapii up to date Erythrolamprus almadensis Erythrolamprus almadensis up to date Erythrolamprus atraventer Erythrolamprus atraventer up to date Erythrolamprus breviceps Erythrolamprus breviceps up to date Erythrolamprus carajasensis Erythrolamprus carajasensis up to date Erythrolamprus dorsocorallinus Erythrolamprus dorsocorallinus up to date Erythrolamprus frenatus Erythrolamprus frenatus up to date Erythrolamprus jaegeri Erythrolamprus jaegeri up to date Erythrolamprus macrosomus Erythrolamprus macrosomus up to date Erythrolamprus maryellenae Erythrolamprus maryellenae up to date Erythrolamprus miliaris Erythrolamprus miliaris up to date Erythrolamprus mossoroensis Erythrolamprus mossoroensis up to date Erythrolamprus oligolepis Erythrolamprus oligolepis up to date Erythrolamprus poecilogyrus Erythrolamprus aenigma check split Erythrolamprus pygmaeus Erythrolamprus pygmaeus up to date Erythrolamprus reginae Erythrolamprus pseudoreginae check split Erythrolamprus rochai Erythrolamprus rochai up to date Erythrolamprus semiaureus Erythrolamprus semiaureus up to date Erythrolamprus taeniogaster Erythrolamprus taeniogaster up to date Erythrolamprus trebbaui Erythrolamprus trebbaui up to date Erythrolamprus typhlus Erythrolamprus typhlus up to date Erythrolamprus viridis Erythrolamprus viridis up to date Eunectes deschauenseei Eunectes deschauenseei up to date Eunectes murinus Eunectes murinus up to date Eunectes notaeus Eunectes notaeus up to date Gomesophis brasiliensis Gomesophis brasiliensis up to date Helicops angulatus Helicops angulatus up to date Helicops apiaka Helicops apiaka up to date Helicops boitata Helicops boitata up to date João Paulo dos Santos Vieira-Alencar et al. – letsRept 138 Query RDB Status Helicops carinicaudus Helicops carinicaudus up to date Helicops gomesi Helicops gomesi up to date Helicops hagmanni Helicops hagmanni up to date Helicops infrataeniatus Helicops infrataeniatus up to date Helicops leopardinus Helicops phantasma check split Helicops modestus Helicops modestus up to date Helicops nentur Helicops nentur up to date Helicops polylepis Helicops polylepis up to date Helicops tapajonicus Helicops tapajonicus up to date Helicops trivittatus Helicops trivittatus up to date Helicops yacu Helicops yacu up to date Hydrodynastes bicinctus Hydrodynastes bicinctus up to date Hydrodynastes gigas Hydrodynastes gigas up to date Hydrops caesurus Hydrops caesurus up to date Hydrops martii Hydrops martii up to date Hydrops triangularis Hydrops triangularis up to date Imantodes cenchoa Imantodes cenchoa up to date Imantodes lentiferus Imantodes lentiferus up to date Lachesis muta Lachesis muta up to date Leptodeira annulata Leptodeira annulata up to date Leptomicrurus collaris Leptomicrurus collaris up to date Leptomicrurus narduccii Leptomicrurus narduccii up to date Leptomicrurus scutiventris Leptomicrurus scutiventris up to date Leptophis ahaetulla Leptophis mystacinus check split Lioheterophis iheringi Lioheterophis iheringi up to date Liotyphlops caissara Liotyphlops caissara up to date Liotyphlops schubarti Liotyphlops schubarti up to date Liotyphlops taylori Liotyphlops taylori up to date Liotyphlops ternetzii Liotyphlops ternetzii up to date Liotyphlops trefauti Liotyphlops trefauti up to date Liotyphlops wilderi Liotyphlops wilderi up to date Lygophis anomalus Lygophis anomalus up to date Lygophis dilepis Lygophis dilepis up to date Lygophis flavifrenatus Lygophis flavifrenatus up to date Lygophis lineatus Lygophis lineatus up to date Lygophis meridionalis Lygophis meridionalis up to date Lygophis paucidens Lygophis paucidens up to date Mastigodryas boddaerti Mastigodryas boddaerti up to date Mastigodryas moratoi Mastigodryas moratoi up to date Mastigodryas pleei Mastigodryas pleei up to date Micrurus albicinctus Micrurus albicinctus up to date Micrurus altirostris Micrurus altirostris up to date João Paulo dos Santos Vieira-Alencar et al. – letsRept 139 Query RDB Status Micrurus annellatus Micrurus annellatus up to date Micrurus averyi Micrurus averyi up to date Micrurus boicora Micrurus boicora up to date Micrurus brasiliensis Micrurus brasiliensis up to date Micrurus corallinus Micrurus corallinus up to date Micrurus decoratus Micrurus decoratus up to date Micrurus diana Micrurus diana up to date Micrurus diutius Micrurus diutius up to date Micrurus filiformis Micrurus filiformis up to date Micrurus frontalis Micrurus frontalis up to date Micrurus hemprichii Micrurus hemprichii up to date Micrurus ibiboboca Micrurus anibal check split Micrurus isozonus Micrurus isozonus up to date Micrurus langsdorffi Micrurus langsdorffi up to date Micrurus lemniscatus Micrurus anibal check split Micrurus mipartitus Micrurus mipartitus up to date Micrurus nattereri Micrurus nattereri up to date Micrurus obscurus Micrurus obscurus up to date Micrurus pacaraimae Micrurus pacaraimae up to date Micrurus paraensis Micrurus paraensis up to date Micrurus potyguara Micrurus potyguara up to date Micrurus psyches Micrurus psyches up to date Micrurus putumayensis Micrurus putumayensis up to date Micrurus pyrrhocryptus Micrurus pyrrhocryptus up to date Micrurus remotus Micrurus remotus up to date Micrurus silviae Micrurus silviae up to date Micrurus spixii Micrurus spixii up to date Micrurus surinamensis Micrurus surinamensis up to date Micrurus tikuna Micrurus tikuna up to date Micrurus tricolor Micrurus tricolor up to date Mussurana bicolor Mussurana bicolor up to date Mussurana montana Mussurana montana up to date Mussurana quimi Mussurana quimi up to date Ninia hudsoni Ninia hudsoni up to date Oxybelis aeneus Oxybelis inkaterra; Oxybelis koehleri; Oxybelis rutherfordi check split Oxybelis fulgidus Oxybelis fulgidus up to date Oxyrhopus clathratus Oxyrhopus clathratus up to date Oxyrhopus formosus Oxyrhopus formosus up to date Oxyrhopus guibei Oxyrhopus guibei up to date Oxyrhopus melanogenys Oxyrhopus melanogenys up to date Oxyrhopus petolarius Oxyrhopus petolarius up to date João Paulo dos Santos Vieira-Alencar et al. – letsRept 140 Query RDB Status Oxyrhopus rhombifer Oxyrhopus rhombifer up to date Oxyrhopus trigeminus Oxyrhopus trigeminus up to date Oxyrhopus vanidicus Oxyrhopus vanidicus up to date Palusophis bifossatus Palusophis bifossatus up to date Paraphimophis rusticus Paraphimophis rusticus up to date Phalotris concolor Phalotris concolor up to date Phalotris labiomaculatus Phalotris labiomaculatus up to date Phalotris lativittatus Phalotris lativittatus up to date Phalotris lemniscatus Phalotris lemniscatus up to date Phalotris matogrossensis Phalotris matogrossensis up to date Phalotris mertensi Phalotris mertensi up to date Phalotris multipunctatus Phalotris multipunctatus up to date Phalotris nasutus Phalotris nasutus up to date Phalotris reticulatus Phalotris reticulatus up to date Phalotris tricolor Phalotris tricolor up to date Philodryas aestiva Philodryas aestiva up to date Philodryas agassizii Philodryas agassizii up to date Philodryas arnaldoi Philodryas arnaldoi up to date Philodryas livida Philodryas livida up to date Philodryas mattogrossensis Philodryas mattogrossensis up to date Philodryas nattereri Philodryas nattereri up to date Philodryas olfersii Philodryas olfersii up to date Philodryas patagoniensis Philodryas patagoniensis up to date Philodryas psammophidea Philodryas psammophidea up to date Phimophis guerini Phimophis guerini up to date Phimophis guianensis Phimophis guianensis up to date Pseudoboa coronata Pseudoboa coronata up to date Pseudoboa haasi Pseudoboa haasi up to date Pseudoboa martinsi Pseudoboa martinsi up to date Pseudoboa neuwiedii Pseudoboa neuwiedii up to date Pseudoboa nigra Pseudoboa nigra up to date Pseudoboa serrana Pseudoboa serrana up to date Pseudoeryx plicatilis Pseudoeryx plicatilis up to date Psomophis genimaculatus Psomophis genimaculatus up to date Psomophis joberti Psomophis joberti up to date Psomophis obtusus Psomophis obtusus up to date Ptychophis flavovirgatus Ptychophis flavovirgatus up to date Rhachidelus brazili Rhachidelus brazili up to date Rhinobothryum lentiginosum Rhinobothryum lentiginosum up to date Rodriguesophis chui Rodriguesophis chui up to date Rodriguesophis iglesiasi Rodriguesophis iglesiasi up to date Rodriguesophis scriptorcibatus Rodriguesophis scriptorcibatus up to date João Paulo dos Santos Vieira-Alencar et al. – letsRept 141 Query RDB Status Siagonodon cupinensis Siagonodon cupinensis up to date Siagonodon septemstriatus Siagonodon septemstriatus up to date Sibon nebulatus Sibon nebulatus up to date Simophis rhinostoma Simophis rhinostoma up to date Siphlophis cervinus Siphlophis cervinus up to date Siphlophis compressus Siphlophis compressus up to date Siphlophis leucocephalus Siphlophis leucocephalus up to date Siphlophis longicaudatus Siphlophis longicaudatus up to date Siphlophis pulcher Siphlophis pulcher up to date Siphlophis worontzowi Siphlophis worontzowi up to date Sordellina punctata Sordellina punctata up to date Spilotes pullatus Spilotes pullatus up to date Spilotes sulphureus Spilotes sulphureus up to date Taeniophallus brevirostris Chlorosoma dunupyana check split Taeniophallus nicagus Taeniophallus nicagus up to date Tantilla boipiranga Tantilla boipiranga up to date Tantilla melanocephala Tantilla selmae check split Thamnodynastes longicaudus Thamnodynastes longicaudus up to date Thamnodynastes pallidus Thamnodynastes pallidus up to date Thamnodynastes sertanejo Thamnodynastes sertanejo up to date Tomodon dorsatus Tomodon dorsatus up to date Trilepida brasiliensis Trilepida brasiliensis up to date Trilepida dimidiata Trilepida dimidiata up to date Trilepida fuliginosa Trilepida fuliginosa up to date Trilepida jani Trilepida jani up to date Trilepida koppesi Trilepida koppesi up to date Trilepida macrolepis Trilepida macrolepis up to date Trilepida salgueiroi Trilepida salgueiroi up to date Tropidodryas serra Tropidodryas serra up to date Tropidodryas striaticeps Tropidodryas striaticeps up to date Tropidophis grapiuna Tropidophis grapiuna up to date Tropidophis paucisquamis Tropidophis paucisquamis up to date Tropidophis preciosus Tropidophis preciosus up to date Typhlophis squamosus Typhlophis squamosus up to date Xenodon dorbignyi Xenodon dorbignyi up to date Xenodon guentheri Xenodon guentheri up to date Xenodon histricus Xenodon histricus up to date Xenodon matogrossensis Xenodon matogrossensis up to date Xenodon merremii Xenodon merremii up to date Xenodon nattereri Xenodon nattereri up to date Xenodon neuwiedii Xenodon neuwiedii up to date Xenodon pulcher Xenodon pulcher up to date João Paulo dos Santos Vieira-Alencar et al. – letsRept 142 Query RDB Status Xenodon rabdocephalus Xenodon rabdocephalus up to date Xenodon severus Xenodon severus up to date Xenodon werneri Xenodon werneri up to date Xenopholis scalaris Xenopholis scalaris up to date Xenopholis undulatus Xenopholis undulatus up to date Xenopholis werdingorum Xenopholis werdingorum up to date João Paulo dos Santos Vieira-Alencar et al. – letsRept 143 9 BI_19_1_2025_letsRept 9.1 Supp Table S1 fix 2 9.2 Supp Table S2 fix 2