Microsoft Word - BN020201a Jotic et al BIOLOGICA NYSSANA 2 (2) December 2011: 00-00 Nahirnić A. Supplements of butterfly fauna… 91 Original Article ! The vascular flora of the Vučje hill near Pirot city (Eastern Serbia) Branko Jotić1, Marija Marković1, Bojana Petrović2, Ivana Fusijanović1, Dragana Pavlović3, Vladimir Ranđelović1 1University of Niš, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Department of Biology and Ecology, Višegradska 33, 18000 Niš, Serbia 2 Institute for Nature Conservation of Serbia, Dr. Ivana Ribara 91, 11070 Novi Beograd, Serbia 3University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Radoja Domanovića 14, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia * E-mail: branko_jotic@live.com Abstract: Jotić, B., Marković, M., Petrović, B., Fusijanović, I., Pavlović, D., Ranđelović, V.: The vascular flora of the Vučje hill near Pirot city (Eastern Serbia). Biologica Nyssana, 2 (2), December 2011: 91-106. As a result of the floristic investigations of the Vučje hill carried out betwenn 2008 and 2010, 534 plant taxa belonging to 277 genera and 67 plant families were recorded. Phytogeographical analysis showed that the species of eurasian area type are the most abundant ones. There are 10 endemic taxa in flora of investigated area. The hemicriptophytic character of flora with significant contribution of therophytes and geophytes, is established by analyzing the presence of plant life forms. 31 species are listed as protected or strictly protected in national legislature, while some of them are of international importance for conservation. Key words: endemic, flora, Pirot city, Vučje hill Introduction ! The Vučje hill (1188 m) is situated in eastern Serbia, 8 km SE of Pirot city, above the Krupac village (Fig. 1). This is the part of Mt. Vidlič, westernmost part of the mountain system Stara planina. The hill is elongated in the southeastern- northwestern direction. In contrast to other regions of mountain system Stara planina, Mt. Vidlič are represented by unique geological structure and climate conditions. The geological structure of the most part of Mt. Vidlič is represented by limestone, while other Serbian parts of Stara planina are built of silicate (V i d a n o v i ć , ed., 1960). The pedological substrate is consisted of reddish soil tiller and mountain soil. The climate of this area is transitional humid continental, between dry climate of Pirot region and wet climate on Mt. Stara planina (V i d a n o v i ć , ed., 1960). Although the flora of this part of Mt. Stara planina was investigated by P a n č i ć (1884) and A d a m o v i ć (1911), it has not been well known. The Vučje hill flora is not investigated up to now. Materials and methods The flora of Vučje hill were studied in the period between 2008 and 2010. Herbarium specimens are deposited at the Herbarium Moesiacum (HMN). Determination of plant material was carried out using the keys from the regional flora reference (J o s i f o v i ć , ed. 1970-1977; V e l č e v , ed. 1982- 1989). The nomenclature follows Med-Checklist (Greuter et al., 1984-1989) and Flora Europaea (T u t i n et al., eds., 1964-1980). 2 (2) • December 2011: 91-106 BIOLOGICA NYSSANA 2 (2) December 2011: 91-106 Jotić B. et al. The vascular flora of the Vučje hill… 92 For the area types classification M e u s e l et al. (1965, 1978), M e u s e l and J ä g e r (1992) and S t e v a n o v i ć (1992) were used. Life forms were determined according to M u e l l e r - D o m b o i s and E l l e n b e r g (1974) and S t e v a n o v i ć (1992a). Results As a result of the floristic investigations of Vučje hill in eastern Serbia, 534 plant taxa belonging to 277 genera and 67 families were recorded (Tab. 1). Figure 1. Geographical position of investigated area Table 1. List of vascular flora with life forms and area-types Taxa Life form Area type POLYPODIOPSIDA Aspleniaceae Asplenium ceterach L. semp Ch herb caesp Me Asplenium ruta-muraria L semp Ch herb caesp Hol Asplenium trichomanes L. semp Ch herb semiros Csm Dryopteridaceae Dryopteris filix-mas (L.) Schoot a Meg G rhiz Hol Hypolepidaceae Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn a Meg-Alt G rhiz Csm Polypodiaceae Polypodium vulgare L. Mac fo Semp G rhiz Hol Woodsiaceae Cystopteris fragilis (L.) Bernh. fo dec Ch herb semiros Csm BIOLOGICA NYSSANA 2 (2) December 2011: 91-106 Jotić B. et al. The vascular flora of the Vučje hill… 93 Taxa Life form Area type PINOPSIDA Cupressaceae Juniperus communis L. a semp NP scap Hol MAGNOLIOPSIDA Acanthaceae Acanthus balcanicus Heywood & I.B.K.Richardson a Meg-Alt H scap semiros EAs Aceraceae Acer campestre L. fo dec Mes P scap EAs Acer hyrcanum Fischer & C. A. Meyer subsp. intermedium (Pančić) Bornm. fo dec Mes P scap Me Acer monspessulanum L. fo dec Mi-Mes P scap Med-smed Apiaceae Aegopodium podagraria L. v-a Mes-Meg H scap/G rhiz EAs Angelica sylvestris L. a Mac-Alt H scap Bor Bupleurum flavicans Boiss. & Heldr. a Mi-Mes T scap Med-smed Bupleurum praealtum L. v-a Mi-Mes T scap Med-smed Bupleurum veronense Turra a Mes T scap EAs Caucalis platycarpos L. v-a Mes T scap EAs Chaerophyllum aureum L. a Mes-Alt H scap EAs Daucus carota L. a Meg T/H scap Hol Eryngium campestre L. v-a Mes-Meg H semiros EAs Eryngium palmatum Pančić et Vis. a Mes-Meg H scap semiros Med-smed Freyera cynapoides (Guss.) Griseb. v-a Mes-Mac G bulb EAMt Orlaya grandiflora (L.) Hoffm. a Mes T scap EAs Scandix pectin-veneris L. v-a Mes T scap Med-smed Smyrnium perfoliatum L. a Mes-Meg H scap Med-smed Torilis arvensis (Hudson) Link a Meg T scap Csm Torilis heterophylla Guss. a Mes T scap Med-smed Torilis leptophylla (L.) Reichenb. a Mes T scap EAs Apocynaceae Vinca herbacea Waldst. et Kit. v-a Mi-Mes Ch suff rept P Araliaceae Hedera helix L. aut fo semp Alt S lig Me Aristolochiaceae Aristolochia clematitis L. v-a Mes-Meg G rad EAs Asarum europaeum L. fo semp Ch herb rept EAs Asclepiadaceae Vincetoxicum hirudinaria Medicus a Mes-Alt H scap EAs Compositae (Asteraceae) Achillea clypeolata Sibth. & Sm. a Mes-Meg H scap Med-smed Achillea crithmifolia Waldst. et Kit. a Mes-Meg H scap MSM Achillea millefolium L. a Meg H scap Hol Achillea pannonica Scheele a Meg H scap Hol Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. a-aut Mes T scap Adv Anthemis arvensis L. a Mes-Mac T scap Med-smed Anthemis ruthenica Bieb. a Mes-Meg T scap Med- smed Artemisia alba Turra aut Meg fo dec Ch suffr caesp EAMt Artemisia scoparia Waldst. et Kit. a-aut Meg T scap bienn EAs Artemisia vulgaris L. aut Meg-Alt H scap Hol Bellis perennis L. v-a Mi-Mes H ros EAs BIOLOGICA NYSSANA 2 (2) December 2011: 91-106 Jotić B. et al. The vascular flora of the Vučje hill… 94 Taxa Life form Area type Carduus acanthoides L. a Mac H scap Me Carduus candicans Waldst. et Kit. subsp. globifer (Velen.) Kazmi a Mes-Meg H scap MSM Carduus nutans L. a Mes-Meg H scap Me Carlina vulgaris L. a Mes-Meg T/H scap bienn EAs Centaurea biebersteinii DC. a Mes-Meg H scap EAs Centaurea calcitrapa L. a Mes-Meg H caesp EAs Centaurea cyanus L. v-a Mes-Mac T scap Csm Centaurea scabiosa L. a Meg H scap EAs Centaurea stenolepis A. Kerner. a Mes-Meg H scap Med-smed Centaurea triumfetti All. a Mes-Meg H scap EAMt Chamomilla recutita (L.) Rauschert a Mes-Meg T scap Csm Chondrilla juncea L. a Mes-Meg T scap bienn Med-smed Cichorium intybus L. a Mac H scap Csm Cirsium acaule Scop. a Mes H ros EAs Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Ten. a Mes-Alt T/H scap bienn EAs Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronquist a-aut Mes-Alt T scap Adv Crepis biennis L. v-a Mac H scap bienn Me Crepis foetida L. a Mes-Meg T ros EAs Crepis sancta (L.) Babcock v Mi-Mes T scap EAs Crepis setosa Haller a Mes-Alt T scap Med-smed Crupina vulgaris Cass v-a Mes T scap EAs Doronicum columnae Ten. v Mes-Meg H scap/G rhiz EAMt Erigeron acer L. a Mes-Meg H scap bienn Hol Hieracium cymosum L. a Mes-Meg H scap ros EAMt Hieracium pilosella L. a Mi-Mes H ros EAs Hieracium praealtum Vill. Ex Gochnat subsp. bauhinii (Besser) Petunnikov a Meg-Alt H scap Me Inula britannica L. a Mes-Meg H scap EAs Inula conyza DC. a Mes-Meg H scap EAs Inula oculus-christi L. a Mes-Meg H scap P Lactuca saligna L. a Meg-Alt T/H scap bienn EAs Lactuca serriola L. a-aut Mes-Mac T scap bienn EAs Lactuca viminea (L.) Presl. a Mes-Mac H scap bienn EAs Lapsana communis L. a Meg-Alt T scap EAs Leontodon crispus L. a Mi-Mes H ros Med-smed Leontodon hispidus L. a Mi-Mac H ros EAs Leucanthemum vulgare Lam. a Mes-Meg H scap EAs Logfia minima (Sm.) Dumort. a Mi-Mes T scap EAs Matricaria perforata Mérat a-aut Mes-Meg T/H scap bienn EAs Mycelis muralis (L.) Dumort. a Mes-Alt H scap EAs Onopordum acanthium L. a Meg-Alt H scap bienn EAs Picris hieracioides L. a-aut Meg-Alt H scap bienn EAs Ptilostemon afer (Jacq.) W. Greuter a Mac-Meg H scap bienn Med-smed Scorzonera cana (C. A. Meyer) O.Hoffm. a Mes-Mac H scap EAs Scorzonera hispanica L. a Mac-Meg H scap P Senecio vernalis Waldst. et Kit. v Mes T scap EAs Sonchus asper (L.) Hill a-aut Meg-Alt T scap bienn EAs Sonchus oleraceus L. a Meg-Alt T/H scap bienn Csm Taraxacum officinale Weber v-aut Mes H ros EAs Tragopogon balcanus Velen. a Mes-Meg H scap bienn Med-smed Tragopogon pratensis L. a Mes-Meg H scap EAs Xanthium spinosum L. a Mes-Meg T scap Adv Xeranthemum annuum L. a Mes-Meg T scap Med-smed BIOLOGICA NYSSANA 2 (2) December 2011: 91-106 Jotić B. et al. The vascular flora of the Vučje hill… 95 Taxa Life form Area type Boraginaceae Anchusa barrelieri (All.) Vitman a Mac-Alt H scap bienn EAs Anchusa officinalis L. a Alt H scap bienn EAs Asperugo procumbens L. v Mi-Mes T scap EAs Buglossoides arvensis (L.) I. M. Johnston v-a Mes T scap EAs Buglossoides purpurocaerulea (L.) I. M. Johnston v-a Mac H scap EAs Echium italicum L. v-a Mac-Meg H scap bienn Med-smed Echium vulgare L. a Mac H scap EAs Myosotis arvensis (L.) Hill v-a Mi-Mes T scap Hol Myosotis caespitosa F.C.Schultz. a Mes H caesp bienn Hol Myosotis sylvatica Hoffm. v Mes T/H scap ros EAs Nonea pulla (L.) DC. v-a Mes-Mac H scap bien EAs Pulmonaria officinalis L. v Mes-Mac H scap Me Symphytum tuberosum L. v Mes-Mac H scap/G tub MSM Criciferae (Brassicaceae) Aethionema saxatile (L.) R. Br. a Mi-Mes T scap Med-smed Alliaria petiolata (Bieb.) Cav. & Grande v-a Mes-Meg T/H scap EAs Alyssum alyssoides (L.) L. v Mi-Mes T scap EAs Alyssum montanum L. v Mi-Mes fo dec Ch suffr rept EAs Alyssum petraeum Ard. a Mes H scap ros bienn Med-smed Alyssum repens Baumg. v Mi-Mes fo dec Ch suffr P Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heuff. v Mi-Mes T scap ros EAs Arabis glabra (L.) Bernh. a Meg-Alt H scap bienn Hol Arabis hirsuta (L.) Scop. a Mes-Meg H ros bienn Csm Arabis recta Vill. v Meg H scap bienn EAs Arabis sagittata (Bertol.) DC. a Mes-Meg H ros bienn EAs Arabis turrita L. v-a Meg H scap semiros EAs Berteroa incana (L.) DC. a Mes-Mac T/H scap EAs Camelina rumelica Velen. a Mes T scap-ros Med-smed Capsella bursa – pastoris (L.) Medicus v-aut Mi-Meg T/H ros bienn Csm Cardamine bulbifera (L.) Crantz v-a Mes-Mac G rhiz EAs Cardamine hirsuta L. a Mi-Mes T scap ros EAs Cardaria draba (L.) Desv. v-a Mes-Meg H scap EAs Draba muralis L. v Mi-Meg T scap Csm Erophila verna (L.) Besser v Mi-Mes T ros EAs Erysimum cuspidatum (Bieb.) DC. a Mac T/H ros bienn P Erysimum diffusum Ehrh. a Mes-Meg T/H scap EAs Erysimum hieracifolium L. a Mes H scap bienn Me Erysimum odoratum Ehrh. a Meg T scap bienn Me Lepidium campestre (L.) R. Br. a Meg T/H scap bienn EAs Sinapis arvensis L. v-a Mes-Mac T scap EAs Sysimbrium orientale L. a Meg T scap bienn EAs Thlaspi arvense L. v Mes-Mac T scap EAs Thlaspi kovatsii Heuff. a Mes-Alt H scap P Thlaspi perfoliatum L. v Mi-Mes T scap semiros EAs Campanulaceae Asyneuma canescens (W. et K.) Gris. et Sch. a Mes-Meg H scap EAs Campanula bononiensis L. a Mes-Meg H scap EAs Campanula glomerata L. a Mes-Mac H scap EAs Campanula persicifolia L. a Mes-Meg H scap Me Campanula sparsa Friv. a Mes-Mac T scap Me Caprifoliaceae Lonicera xylosteum L. fo dec Mi P caesp EAs BIOLOGICA NYSSANA 2 (2) December 2011: 91-106 Jotić B. et al. The vascular flora of the Vučje hill… 96 Taxa Life form Area type Sambucus ebulus L. a Alt G rad/H scap EAs Sambucus nigra L. fo dec Mi P scap EAs Viburnum lantana L. fo dec N-Mi P caesp EAs Caryophyllaceae Agrostemma githago L. a Meg T scap EAs Arenaria serpyllifolia L. v-a Mi-Mes T scap EAs Cerastium brachypetalum Desp. a Mi-Mes T scap EAs Cerastium glomeratum Thuill. v-a Mi-Mes T scap Csm Cerastium pumilum Curt. a Mes H scap EAs Cerastium semidecandrum L. v Mi-Mes T scap EAs Dianthus carthusianorum L. a Mes-Mac H scap caesp EAs Dianthus cruentus Griseb. a Mes-Meg H scap caesp EAMt Herniaria hirsuta L. a Mi-Mes T/H rept EAs Herniaria incana Lam. a Mi H caesp rept EAs Holosteum umbellatum L. a Mi T scap EAs Lychnis coronaria (L.) Desr. a Mes-Meg H scap EAs Minuartia verna (L.) Hiern. a Mi-Mes H caesp Hol Petrorhagia illyrica P.W.Ball et Heywood a-aut Mes H/Ch herb caesp Med-smed Petrorhagia prolifera (L.) P. W. Ball & Heywood a Mes T scap EAs Petrorhagia saxifraga (L.) Link a Mes-Mac Ch caesp EAs Scleranthus neglectus Rochel ex Baumg. a Mes T caesp EAs Scleranthus perennis L. subsp. dichotomus Schur a Mes-Mac H scap rept EAs Silene bupleuroides Chater et Walters a Mes-Mac H scap EAs Silene otites (L.) Wiebl a Mes-Meg H scap EAs Silene vulgaris (Moench.) Garcke a Mes-Meg H scap/G rad EAs Stellaria holostea L. a Mes-Mac H scap EAs Stellaria media (L.) Vill. a Mes-Meg H scap rept Csm Celastraceae Evonymus europaeus L. fo dec N-Mi P caesp EAs Evonymus latifolius (L.) Miller fo dec N-Mi P caesp EAs Evonymus verrucosus Scop. fo dec N-Mi P caesp EAs Cistaceae Fumana procumbens (Dunal) Gren. & Gordon v-a Mi-Mes Ch frut EAs Helianthemum ledifolium (L.) Miller a Mi T scap Med-smed Helianthemum nummularium (L.) Miller a Mes-Meg fo dec Ch suffr caesp EAs Helianthemum salicifolium (L.) Miller v Mi-Mes T scap Med-smed Convolvulaceae Convolvulus arvensis L. a Mes-Alt S herb EAs Convolvulus canthabrica L. a Mes-Meg H scap EAs Cuscuta approximata Bab. T/S par Hol Cuscuta epithymum (L.) L. T/S par Hol Cuscuta europaea L. T/S par EAs Cornaceae Cornus mas L. fo dec Mi P caesp EAs Cornus sanguinea L. fo dec Mi-Mes P caesp Me Corylaceae Carpinus betulus L. fo dec Meg-Alt P caesp scap EAs Carpinus orientalis Miller fo dec Mi-Mes P caesp Med-smed Corylus avellana L. fo dec Meg-Alt P caesp EAs Corylus colurna L. fo dec Mes P scap Med-smed Crassulaceae Jovibarba heuffelii A. et D. Löve a Mes fo semp Ch herb ros succ P BIOLOGICA NYSSANA 2 (2) December 2011: 91-106 Jotić B. et al. The vascular flora of the Vučje hill… 97 Taxa Life form Area type Sedum acre L. a Mi-Mes Ch herb scap succ Me Sedum album L. a Mi-Mes Ch herb scap succ Med-smed Sedum annuum L. a N-Mi Ch herb scap succ AA Sedum hispanicum L. a Mi T/H succ EAs Sedum ochroleucum Chaix. a Mes Ch herb succ Med-smed Sedum sexangulare L. a Mi-Mes Ch herb succ Me Sedum telephium L. subsp. maximum (L.) Krock. a Mac H scap succ EAs Dipsacaceae Cephalaria laevigata (Waldst. & Kit.) Schrader a Meg-Alt Ch suffrut Med-smed Knautia arvensis (L.) Coult. v-a Mes-Alt H scap EAs Knautia integrifolia (L.) Bertol a Mes-Meg T scap Med-smed Scabiosa argentea L. a Mes-Meg H scap P Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia amygdaloides L. a Mes-Mac T scap EAs Euphorbia cyparissias L. v-a Mes-Mac H scap EAs Euphorbia esula L. a Meg-Alt H scap Me Euphorbia falcata L. a-aut Mi-Mes T scap EAs Euphorbia helioscopia L. a Mi-Meg T scap EAs Euphorbia nicaeensis All. subsp. glareosa (Pallas ex Bieb.) A. R. Sm. v-a Mes H scap EAs Euphorbia taurinensis All. v-a Mes T scap Med-smed Euphorbia seguierana Necker subsp. niciciana (Borbás ex Novák) Rech. Fil. a Mes-Meg H scap EAs Euphorbia platyphyllos L. a-aut Mes-Mac T scap EAs Euphorbia salicifolia Host. v-a Mes H scap EAs Leguminosae (Fabaceae) Anthyllis vulneraria L. a Mes-Meg H scap EAs Astragalus glycyphyllos L. a Mes-Meg H scap rept EAs Astragalus onobrychis L. a Mes fo Ch suffrut rept EAs Chamaecytisus austriacus (L.) Link v-a Mes-Mac fo dec Ch suffrut caesp MSM Chamaecytisus ciliatus (Wahlenb.) Rothm. v-a Mes-Mac fo dec Ch suffrut caesp MSM Chamaecytisus glaber (L. fil.) Rothm. v-a Mes-Meg fo dec Ch frut caesp EAMt Chamaecytisus rochelii (Wierzb.) Rothm. v-a Mes-Meg fo dec Ch frut caesp MSM Chamaespartium sagittale (L.) P. Gibbs a Mes fo dec Ch suffrut caesp EAs Coronilla coronata L. v-a Mes fo dec Ch suffrut caesp EAs Coronilla emerus L. a fo dec NP caesp Med-smed Coronilla scorpioides (L.) Koch v Mi-Mes T scap Med-smed Coronilla varia L. a Mes-Meg H scap EAs Cytisus procumbens (Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd.) Sprengel a Mes fo dec Ch suffrut caesp Med-smed Dorycnium pentaphyllum Scop. subsp. germanicum (Gremli) Gams a Mes fo dec Ch suffrut caesp MSM Genista ovata Waldst. et Kit. a Mes-Mac fo dec Ch suffrut caesp EAs Lathyrus aphaca L. a Mes T/S herb EAs Lathyrus cicera L. a Mes-Mac T scap Med-smed Lathyrus inconspicuus L. a Mes T scap Med-smed Lathyrus nissolia L. a Mes-Meg T scap EAs Lathyrus pallescens (Bieb.) C. Koch. a Mes-Mac T scap P Lathyrus pratensis L. a Mes-Meg H scap EAs Lathyrus setifolius L. a Mes-Mac T rept Med-smed Lathyrus venetus (Mill.) Wohlf. a Mes-Meg H scap P Lotus corniculatus L. a Mes H scap Hol Medicago lupulina L. a Mes T/H scap Hol BIOLOGICA NYSSANA 2 (2) December 2011: 91-106 Jotić B. et al. The vascular flora of the Vučje hill… 98 Taxa Life form Area type Medicago minima (L.) Bartal v Mi-Mes T scap EAs Medicago rigidula (L.) All. v Mi-Mes T scap EAs Medicago sativa L. a Mes-Meg H scap Adv Medicago sativa L. subsp. falcata (L.) Arcangeli a Mes-Meg H scap EAs Melilotus officinalis (L.) Pallas a Meg T/H scap bienn EAs Onobrychis alba (Waldst. et Kit.) Desv. a Mes-Meg H scap Med-smed Onobrychis arenaria (Kit.) DC. v-a Mes-Meg H scap EAs Onobrychis ocellata G. Beck. a Mes H scap Med-smed Onobrychis viciifolia Scop. a Mes-Meg H scap Med-smed Onоnis pusilla L. a-aut Mi-Mes fo dec Ch suffrut caesp EAs Ononis spinosa L. a Mes-Meg fo dec Ch suffrut caesp EAs Oxytropis pilosa (L.) DC. a Mes H scap EAs Trifolium alpestre L. a Mes-Mac H scap EAs Trifolium arvense L. a Mes T/H scap bienn EAs Trifolium badium Schreber a Mes-Meg H scap EAMt Trifolium campestre Schreber a Mes-Mac T scap EAs Trifolium incarnatum L. a Mes-Meg T scap EAs Trifolium medium L. v-a Mes-Mac H scap EAs Trifolium montanum L. a Mes H scap EAs Trifolium pratense L. a Mes H scap EAs Trifolium repens L. a Mi H rept Hol Trifolium scabrum L. a Mi-Mes T scap Med-smed Trifolium striatum L. a Mes T scap EAs Vicia cracca L. a Meg-Alt H/S scap herb EAs Vicia hirsuta (L.) S. F. Gray a Mes-Meg T/S scap herb EAs Vicia lathyroides L. v-a Mes-Meg T scap EAs Vicia pannonica Crantz v-a Mes T/S scap herb P Vicia sativa L. subsp. nigra (L.) Ehrh. v-a Mes-Meg T scap bienn EAs Vicia tenuifolia Roth. a Mac-Alt H/S scap herb EAs Vicia tetrasperma (L.) Schreber v-a Mes T/S herb EAs Fagaceae Fagus moesiaca (K. Maly) Czecz. fo dec Meg-Alt P scap Me Quercus cerris L. fo dec Mes P scap Med-smed Quercus petraea (Mattuschka) Liebl. fo dec Meg-Alt P scap Me Quercus pubescens Willd. fo dec Mes P scap Med-smed Fumariaceae Corydalis solida L. v Mes G tub Me Fumaria officinalis L. a Mes T scap EAs Fumaria vaillantii Loisel. a Mi-Mes T scap EAs Gentianaceae Gentiana cruciata L. a Mes-Meg G rad scap EAs Geraniaceae Erodium ciconium (L.) L’Her. v-a Mi-Mes T scap MSM Erodium cicutarium (L.) Ľ Herit. v-a Mi-Mes T ros Csm Geranium columbinum L. a Mes-Meg T scap EAs Geranium dissectum L. a Mi-Meg T scap EAs Geranium molle L. v Mes T scap EAs Geranium rotundifolium L. a Mi-Meg T caesp EAs Geranium sanguineum L. v-a Mes H semiros EAs Globulariaceae Globularia punctata Lapeyr. v-a Mes H scap EAs BIOLOGICA NYSSANA 2 (2) December 2011: 91-106 Jotić B. et al. The vascular flora of the Vučje hill… 99 Taxa Life form Area type Grossulariaceae Ribes alpinum L. fo dec Mi P caesp scap EAs Hypericaceae Hypericum barbatum Jacq. a Mes-Mac H scap EAs Hypericum montanum L. a Mes-Meg H scap Me Hypericum perforatum L. a Mes-Meg H scap EAs Hypericum rumelicum Boiss. a Mi-Mes H scap Med-smed Labiatae (Lamiaceae) Acinos alpinus (L.) Moench a Mes T scap/G rhiz EAs Acinos arvensis (Lam.) Dandy a Mi-Mes T scap/G rhiz EAs Ajuga chamaepytus (L.) Shreber subsp. chia (Schreber) Arcangeli a Mi-Mes T scap Med-smed Ajuga genevensis L. v-a Mes-Mac H scap ros EAs Ajuga laxmannii (L.) Bentham v-a Mes H scap/G rhiz P Ajuga reptans L. a Mes H rept EAs Ballota nigra L. a Meg H scap EAs Clinopodium vulgare L. a Mes-Meg H scap Hol Glechoma hirsuta Waldst. et Kit. a Mes H rept EAs Hyssopus officinalis L. aut Mes-Meg Ch frut EAs Lamiastrum galeobdolon (L.) Ehrend. & Polatschek v-a Mes-Mac H scap Me Lamium amplexicaule L. v Mi-Mes T scap Hol Lamium bifidum Cyr. v-a Mi-Mes T scap Med-smed Lamium maculatum L. v Mes-Mac H scap EAs Lamium purpureum L. v Mi-Mes T scap EAs Marrubium peregrinum L. a Mes-Meg H scap EAs Marrubium vulgare L. a Meg H scap EAs Mentha longifolia (L.) Hudson a Mes-Meg H scap Hol Nepeta nuda L. a Mac-Meg H scap EAs Origanum vulgare L. a Mes-Meg H scap EAs Prunella laciniata (L.) L. a Mes-Mac H scap EAs Prunella vulgaris L. a Mi-Mes H scap semiros EAs Salvia aethiopis L. a Mes-Mac H scap P Salvia austriaca Jacq. a Mes-Mac H scap P Salvia nemorosa L. a Mes-Meg H scap EAs Satureja montana L. subsp. kitaibelii (Wierzb.) P.W. Ball a Mes Ch suffrut caesp EAMt Sideritis montana L. a Mi-Mes T scap EAs Stachys germanica L. a Meg H scap MSM Stachys recta L. a Mes-Meg H scap EAs Teucrium chamaedrys L. a Mes Ch suffrut caesp EAs Teucrium montanum L. a Mes Ch suffrut caesp EAMt Thymus glabrescens Willd. a Mi-Mac Ch herb rept EAs Thymus pannonicus All. a Mi-Mac Ch rept Me Thymus praecox Opiz subsp. jankae (Čelak.) Jalas a Mi Ch herb rept pulv Med-smed Thymus pulegioides L. a Mi-Mes Ch herb rept Me Ziziphora capitata L. a Mi-Mes T scap Med-smed Linaceae Linum hologynum Reichenb. a Mes-Mac H caesp Med-smed Linum tenuifolium L. a Mes- Mac H scap EAs Malvaceae Althaea hirsuta L. a Mes T scap EAs Althaea officinalis L. a Meg H scap bienn EAs BIOLOGICA NYSSANA 2 (2) December 2011: 91-106 Jotić B. et al. The vascular flora of the Vučje hill… 100 Taxa Life form Area type Malva neglecta Wallr. v-a Mes-Mac T/H scap EAs Malva sylvestris L. v-a Mes-Alt H scap EAs Oleaceae Fraxinus ornus L. fo dec Mi-Mes P scap EAs Ligustrum vulgare L. fo dec Mi P caesp EAs Syringa vulgaris L. fo dec Mi P caesp Med-smed Orobanchaceae Orobanche gracilis Sm. a Mes-Mac ep par G EAs Orobanche nana (Reuter) Noë ex G. Beck a Mi-Mes ep par G P Papaveraceae Papaver dubium L. a Meg T scap EAs Papaver rhoeas L. a Mes-Meg T scap EAs Plantaginaceae Plantago argentea Chaix a Mi-Meg H ros EAMt Plantago lanceolata L. a Mi-Meg H ros EAs Plantago maior L. a Mes-Meg H ros Csm Plantago media L. a Mes-Meg H ros EAs Polygalaceae Polygala comosa Schkuhr a Mi-Mes H scap EAs Polygala vulgaris L. a Mi-Mes H scap EAs Polygonaceae Fallopia convolvulus (L.) Á. Löve a-aut Mes T/S rept-herb EAs Rumex patientia L. a Mes-Alt H scap semiros EAs Rumex sanguineus L. a Meg H scap Hol Primulaceae Anagallis arvensis L. v-a Mi-Mes T scap Csm Primula veris L. v Mi-Mes H ros EAs Ranunculaceae Adonis flammea Jacq. a Mes T scap P Adonis vernalis L. v Mes-Meg G rhiz P Anemone nemorosa L. v Mi-Mes G rhiz Hol Anemone ranunculoides L. v Mi-Mes G rhiz Me Clematis vitalba L. a dec S lig EAs Consolida regalis S. F. Gray a Mes-Meg T scap EAs Delphinium fissum Waldst. et Kit. a Meg-Alt G tub Med-smed Helleborus odorus Waldts. & Kit. v Meg G rhiz Me Isopyrum thalictroides L. v Mes G rhiz EAs Nigella arvensis L. a-aut Mes T scap EAs Nigella damascena L. a Mes T scap Med-smed Pulsatilla montana (Hoppe) Reichenb. subsp. bulgarica Rummelspecher v Mes H scap semiros EAs Ranunculus bulbosus L. a Mes-Meg H scap EAs Ranunculus ficaria L. v Mi-Mes G tub Me Ranunculus millefoliatus Wahl. v-a Mes H scap semiros Med-smed Ranunculus polyanthemos L. a Meg H scap semiros EAs Ranunculus sardous Crantz a Mes-Meg T scap EAs Thalictrum aquilegifolium L. a Meg-Alt H scap Me Resedaceae Reseda lutea L. a Mes-Meg T/H scap bienn EAs BIOLOGICA NYSSANA 2 (2) December 2011: 91-106 Jotić B. et al. The vascular flora of the Vučje hill… 101 Taxa Life form Area type Rosaceae Agrimonia eupatoria Ledeb. a Meg H scap EAs Aremonia agrimonioides (L.) Neck. v Mi-Mes H scap ros EAMt Cotoneaster integerrimus Medicus a Mac Ch frut rept Me Crataegus monogyna Jacq. fo dec Mi P caesp EAs Filipendula vulgaris Moench a Mes-Meg H scap EAs Fragaria moschata Duchesne a Mes H rept ros EAs Fragaria vesca L. a Mes H rept Csm Fragaria viridis Duchesne a Mes H rept EAs Geum urbanum L. a Mes-Meg H scap Hol Malus pumila Miller fo dec Mi-Mes P scap P Malus sylvestris Miller fo dec Mi-Mes P scap EAs Potentilla argentea L. a Mes-Meg H scap Me Potentilla cinerea Chaix ex Vill. v Mi-Mes H caesp rept EAs Potentilla micrantha Ramond ex D.C. v Mi-Mes H scap Med-smed Potentilla recta L. a Mes-Meg H scap EAs Prunus spinosa L. fo dec N P caesp EAs Prunus tenella Batsch fo dec N P caesp EAs Pyrus amygdaliformis Vill. fo dec N P caesp Med-smed Pyrus pyraster Burgsd. fo dec Mes P scap EAs Rosa canina L. fo dec N P caesp EAs Rosa micrantha Borrer ex Sm. fo dec N P caesp EAs Rosa pimpinellifolia L. fo dec N P caesp EAs Sanguisorba minor Scop. a Mes-Meg H scap EAs Sorbus torminalis (L.) Crantz fo dec Mes P scap EAs Rubiaceae Asperula aristata L. subsp. scabra (J. & C. Presl) Nyman a Mes-Meg H scap Me Asperula cynanchica L. v-a Mes-Mac H scap EAs Crucianella angustifolia L. a Mi-Mes T scap Med-smed Cruciata glabra (L.) Ehrend. v-a Mi-Mes H scap EAs Cruciata laevipes Opiz v-a Mes-Mac H scap EAs Cruciata pedemontana (Bellardi) Ehrend. v-a Mes-Meg H scap Med-smed Galium album Miller a Meg-Alt H/S scap herb Me Galium aparine L. v-a Mes-Meg T/S herb Csm Galium verum L. a Mes-Meg H scap EAs Sherardia arvensis L. v-a Mi-Mes T scap Med-smed Rutaceae Dictamnus albus L. v-a Mes-Alt Ch suffrut caesp EAs Salicaceae Salix purpurea L. fo dec Mi P caesp EAs Santalaceae Thesium alpinum L. a Mes-Mac H scap EAMt Thesium arvense Horvatovszky a Mi-Mes H scap EAs Thesium divaricatum Jan ex Mert. & Koch a Mes H scap Med-smed Scrophullariaceae Chaenorhinum minus (L.) Lange a-aut Mi-Mes T scap EAs Digitalis lanata Ehrh. a Mac-Alt H scap Me Euphrasia pectinata Ten. a Mi-Mes T scap/ep Semipar EAs Kickxia spuria (L.) Dumort a-aut Mes T rept EAs Lathraea squamarria L. a Mes-Meg G Par EAs Linaria angustissima (Lois.) Borb. a Mes H/G scap rhiz Med-smed BIOLOGICA NYSSANA 2 (2) December 2011: 91-106 Jotić B. et al. The vascular flora of the Vučje hill… 102 Taxa Life form Area type Linaria genistifolia (L.) Mill. a Mes-Mac H scap EAs Linaria genistifolia (L.) Miller subsp. dalmatica (L.) Maire & Petitmengin a Meg-Alt H scap EAs Linaria rubioides Vis. & Pančić subsp. nissana (Petrović) Niketić & Tomović a Mes H scap Med-smed Linaria vulgaris L. a Mes-Mac H scap EAs Rhinanthus rumelicus Velen. a Mi-Mac T scap/ep Semipar EAs Scrophularia canina L. a Mes-Mac H scap Med-smed Verbascum lychnitis L. a Mac-Alt T/H scap ros bienn EAs Verbascum phlomoides L. v-a Mes-Alt H ros EAs Verbascum phoeniceum L. v-a Mac-Meg H ros EAs Veronica austriaca L. a Mes-Mac H scap EAs Veronica chamaedrys L. v-a Mi-Mes H scap EAs Veronica hederifolia L. v Mi-Mes T scap EAs Veronica persica Poiret v-aut Mi-Mes T scap Adv Veronica praecox All. v Mi-Mes T scap bienn EAs Veronica verna L. v-a Mi-Mes T scap bienn Me Solanaceae Hyascyamus niger L. v-a Mes-Meg T scap bienn EAs Tiliaceae Tilia platyphyllos Scop. fo dec Mes P scap Me Ulmaceae Ulmus glabra Hudson fo dec Mes P scap Me Ulmus minor Mill. fo dec Mes P scap Med-smed Ulmus procera Salisb. fo dec Mes P scap Me Urticaceae Urtica dioica L. a Mes-Meg T/H scap Hol Valerianaceae Valeriana officinalis L. a Meg-Alt H scap EAs Valerianella coronata (L.) DC. v Mi-Mes T scap Med-smed Valerianella dentata (L.) Pollich v Mi-Mes T scap EAs Valerianella locusta (L.) Laterrade v Mes T scap Csm Valerianella rimosa Bast. v Mes T scap EAs Verbenaceae Verbena officinalis L. a Mes-Meg H scap EAs Violaceae Viola alba Besser v Mi-Mes H rept semiros EAs Viola arvensis Murray v-aut Mi-Mac T scap Csm Viola canina L. v Mi-Mes H scap semiros Hol Viola hirta Murray v Mi-Mes H scap Me Viola jordanii Hanry v Mes H scap ros P Viola kitaibeliana Schultes v N-Mi T scap EAs Viola odorata L. v Mi-Mes H rept ros EAs Viola tricolor L. subsp. macedonica (Boiss. & Heldr.) A. Schmidt v Mi-Mes T/H scap Med-smed LILIOPSIDA Araceae Arum maculatum L. v Mes-Meg G rhiz Me Cyperaceae Carex caryophyllea Latourr. a Mes-Meg H caesp EAs BIOLOGICA NYSSANA 2 (2) December 2011: 91-106 Jotić B. et al. The vascular flora of the Vučje hill… 103 Taxa Life form Area type Carex divulsa Stokes v-a Mes-Mac H caesp Hol Carex halleriana Asso v Mes-Mac H caesp Med-smed Carex humilis Leysser a Mi-Mes H caesp EAs Carex pilosa Scop. v-a Mes-Meg H caesp EAs Dioscoreaceae Tamus communis L. v Alt S/G herb rhiz Med-smed Iridaceae Crocus adami Gay v Mi G bulb MSM Liliaceae Allium albidum Fischer ex Bieb. a Mes G bulb P Allium cupani Rafin a Mes G bulb Med-smed Allium flavum L. a Mes-Mac G bulb MSM Allium moschatum L. a Mes G bulb EAs Allium scorodoprasum (L.) subsp. rotundum (L.) Stearn a Mes-Meg G bulb EAs Allium sphaerocephalon L a Mes-Meg G bulb EAs Anthericum ramosum L. a Mes-Meg G rhiz EAs Asparagus officinalis L. a Meg-Alt G rhiz P Asparagus tenuifolius Lam. a Meg-Alt G rhiz EAs Colchicum autumnale L. aut Mes G bulb EAs Erythronium dens – canis L. v Mes G bulb EAs Gagea lutea (L.) Ker-Gawler v Mes G bulb EAs Gagea arvensis (Pers.) Dumort. v Mi-Mes G bulb EAs Gagea minima (L.) Ker-Gawler v Mi G bulb EAs Gagea pratensis (Pers.) Dumort. a Mi-Mes G bulb EAs Gagea pusilla (F. W. Schmidt) Schultes & Schultes fil v Mi G bulb EAs Hyacinthella leucophaea (C. Koch) Schur a Mi-Mes G bulb EAs Muscari comosum (L.) Miller v Mes G bulb EAs Muscari neglectum Guss. Ex Ten. v Mes G bulb EAs Muscari tenuiflorum Tausch v Mes G bulb P Ornithogalum collinum Guss. v-a Mi-Mes G bulb EAs Ornithogalum ortophyllum Ten. subsp. kochii (Parl.) Zahar. v Mi-Mes G bulb EAs Ornithogalum pyramidale L. v Mi-Mes G bulb EAs Ornithogalum umbellatum L. v-a Mes G bulb EAs Polygonatum odoratum (Miller) Druce a Mes-Meg G rhiz EAs Scilla bifolia L. v Mes G bulb EAs Veratrum nigrum L. a Meg-Alt G rhiz EAs Orchidaceae Listera ovata (L.) R. Br. a Mes G tub scap EAs Ophrys apifera Hudson a Mes G tub scap EAs Ophrys cornuta Steven a Mes G tub scap EAs Orchis morio L. v-a Mes G tub scap EAs Orchis pallens L v Mes G tub scap EAs Poaceae Aegilops geniculata Roth. a Mi-Mes T caesp Med-smed Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertne a Mes-Meg G rhiz caesp EAs Agrostis capillaris L a Mes-Meg H caesp Hol Alopecurus pratensis L. a Mes-Meg H caesp EAs Antoxanthum odoratum L. a Mes-Meg H caesp EAs Avenula pubescens (Hudson) Dumort. a Mes-Alt H caesp EAs BIOLOGICA NYSSANA 2 (2) December 2011: 91-106 Jotić B. et al. The vascular flora of the Vučje hill… 104 Taxa Life form Area type Brachypodium pinnatum (L.) Beauv. a Mac-Alt H caesp EAs Brachypodium sylvaticum (Hudson) Beauv. a Mac-Alt H caesp EAs Briza media L. a Mes-Meg H caesp Me Bromus commutatus Schrader a Meg T scap MSM Bromus hordeaceus L. a Mes-Meg T caesp EAs Bromus ramosus Hudson a Meg-Alt H caesp EAs Bromus squarosus L. a Mes-Mac T caesp bienn Med-smed Chrysopogon gryllus (L.) Trin. a Alt H caesp EAs Cleistogenes serotina (L.) Keng a Mes-Mac H caesp Med-smed Dactylis glomerata L. a Meg H caesp EAs Dasypyrum villosumR. Br. Ex Fresen. a Mes-Meg T caesp Med-smed Dichanthium ischaemum (L.)Roberty a Mes-Meg H caesp EAs Elymus repens (L.) Gould a Mes-Meg G rhiz caesp Csm Festuca pratensis Huds. a Mac-Meg H caesp EAs Festuca rubra L. a Meg H caesp Hol Festuca valesiaca Schleicher ex Gaudin a Mes-Mac H caesp EAs Holcus mollis L. a Mes-Mac H caesp EAs Hordeum murinum L. subsp. leporinum (Link) Arcangeli a Mes T caesp Med-smed Koeleria eryostachya Pančić a Meg H caesp Me Koeleria glauca (Schreder) DC. a Mes-Meg H caesp EAs Koeleria glaucovirens Domin a Mes-Meg H caesp Med-smed Koeleria macrantha (Ledeb.) Schultes a Mes-Mac H caesp Hol Koeleria nitidula Velen. a Mes-Meg H caesp Med-smed Lolium perenne L. a Mes-Mac H caesp EAs Melica ciliata L. a Mes-Meg H caesp EAs Melica transsilvanica Schur a Mes-Meg H caesp P Melica uniflora Retz. a Mes-Mac H caesp Me Phleum pratense L. a Mes-Alt H caesp Me Poa annua L. a-aut Mi-Mes T/H caesp Csm Poa bulbosa L. a Mes-Meg H caesp EAs Poa compressa L a Mes-Mac H caesp Csm Poa nemoralis L. a Mes-Meg H caesp Hol Poa pratensis L. a Mes-Meg H scap EAs Sesleria latifolia (Adamović) Degen a Mes-Meg H caesp EAMt Sesleria rigida Heuffel ex Reichenb. a Mes-Meg H caesp EAMt Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv. a Mes-Mac H caesp EAs Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. a-aut Meg-Alt G rhiz caesp Adv Stipa capillata L. a Mac-Meg H caesp EAs Stipa pulcherrima C. Koch. a Mac-Alt H caesp EAs Tragus racemosus (L.) All. a Mi-Mes T caesp-rept Csm Vulpia myuros (L.) C. C. Gmelin a Mes-Meg T caesp Csm Disscusion Taxonomic analysis Divisio Pteridophyta was represented by single class Polypodiopsida with only 7 species. Pinophyta was represented with single class Pinopsida and just one species. Divisio Magnoliophyta was represented by 526 species, from which 439 are classified as dicotyledons (Magnoliopsida) and 87 as monocotyledons (Liliopsida). In taxonomic spectrum of the flora of investigated area the most numerous in genera were Compositae (36), Gramineae (29), Labiatae (20), Criciferae (17) and Leguminosae (17). Families with the most number of species were Compositae (63), Leguminosae (55), Gremineae (47) and Labiatae (36). The analysis of the particular genera occurrence in flora of the Vučje hill has shown BIOLOGICA NYSSANA 2 (2) December 2011: 91-106 Jotić B. et al. The vascular flora of the Vučje hill… 105 domination of representatives of genera Trifolium (11), Euphorbia (10), Lathyrus (8), Viola (8), Vicia (7) Sedum (7), following by the genuses Centaurea, Veronica and Allium with 6 species in each genus. Phytogeographical analisys For the phytogeographical analysis, all plant taxa were classified into 10 area types (Fig. 2) according to the classification by S t e v a n o v i ć (1992). Eurasian area type (EAs) was the most dominant in the flora of the Vučje hill with 303 taxa (56.7%). The second one was Mediterranean- Submediterranean area type (Med) with 75 species (7.9%). Me 8% Med 14% P 4% Hol 6% Csm 5% Adv 1% EAm 3% EAs 57% MSM 2% AB 0% Figure 2. Area spectrum of the flora of Vučje hill: Csm – Cosmopolitan, Hol – Holarctic, AB – Arcto- Alpian + Boreal, Me – Middle-European, EAs – Euroasian, EAMt – Euroasian Mountain, P – Pontic, MSM – Merridional-Submerridional, Med – Mediterranean-Submediterranean, Adv - Adventitious There were 10 Balcan endemic taxa in the flora of the Vučje hill. These represents 3,48% of the total number of Balkan endemics in Serbian flora, which includes 287 taxa in rank of species and subspecies (S t e v a n o v i ć et al., 1999). Small number of endemic floral elements are expected due to uniformity of habitats in the wider area of Vučje. The recorded Balkan endemics are: Acanthus balcanicus, Acer hyrcanum subsp. intermedium, Bupleurum flavicans, Eryngium palmatum, Hypericum rumeliacum, Thymus praecox subsp. jankae, Pulsatilla montana subsp. bulgarica, Linaria rubioides subsp. nissana, Viola tricolor subsp. macedonica and Sesleria latifolia. Biological spectrum The analysis of plant life forms (Fig. 3) showed that flora of investigated area was of hemicryptophyta type, as well as the flora of Serbia (D i k l i ć , 1984) and Balkan peninsula (Turill, 1929). The hemicryptophytes were represented with 45%; theropytes followed with 26,9% and geophytes with 11,1%. The climatics characteristics of this area caused the high percentage of hemicryptophyta. H 45% G 11% T 27% S 3% P 7% Ch 7% Figure 3. Biological spectrum of the flora of Vučje hill: P – Phanerophyta, Ch – Chamaephyta, H – Hemycryptophyta, G – Geophyta, T – Terophyta, S- Scandetophyta Threatened status Even the flora of the Vučje hill is diverse and rich, consisting of 526 plant taxa, 63 representatives are considered to be threatened in flora of Serbia. In the flora of the Vučje hill were registered 9 strictly protected species: Acer hyrcanum subsp. intermedium, Vinca herbacea, Sideritis montana, Adonis vernalis, Pulsatilla montana subsp. bulgarica, Gagea minima, Ophrys apifera, Orchis pallens and Stipa pulcherrima (Anonimous, 2010). Also, in the flora of the Vučje hill were registered 22 protected species, such as: Achillea clypeolata, Corylus colurna, Allium albidum, Lilium martagon, Listera ovata, Prunus tenella, Ajuga laxmanii, Salvia austriaca and other (Anonimous, 2010). In the flora of the study area registered 33 species, that are covered by regulation on collecting, use and sale, such as: Hedera helix, Asarum europaeum, Achillea millefolium, Pulmonaria officinalis, Primula veris, Rosa canina, Teucrium chamaedrys and other (Anonimous, 2010a). References Adamović, L., 1911: Flora jugoistočne Srbije. JAZU. Zagreb. 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