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Bioscience Journal  Original Article 

Biosci. J., Uberlândia, v. 36, n. 5, p. 1564-1576, Sept./Oct. 2020 
http://dx.doi.org/10.14393/BJ-v36n5a2020-42189 

YIELD AND BIOMETRY OF FERTILIZED SUGAR CANE WITH 

ORGANOMINERAL FERTILIZER OF SEWAGE SLUDGE AND 

BIOSTIMULANT 
 

RENDIMENTO E BIOMETRIA DA CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR FERTILIZADA COM 

FERTILIZANTE ORGANOMINERAL DE LODO DE ESGOTO E BIOESTIMULANTE 
 

Emmerson Rodrigues de MORAES
1
; Reginaldo de CAMARGO

2
;  

Regina Maria Q. LANA
2
; Matheus H. MADEIROS

2
; Felipe G. MENEZES

2
;  

Eduardo P. GIORGENON
2
 

1. Instituto Federal Goiano, Campus Morrinhos, Morrinhos, GO, Brasil. emmerson.moraes@ifgoiano.edu.br. 2. Universidade Federal de 

Uberlândia, Campus Glória, Uberlândia, MG, Brasil. 

 

ABSTRACT: The dependence of mineral fertilizers, increasingly, has brought concern facing the 

increased demand and because it is a non-renewable mineral resource. The organic fertilization, exclusively, it 

is impractical in large scale, however, the combination of organic and mineral sources have already proved to 

be feasible, both from the point of view of nutrition of plants as well as in the aspect of recycling of urban and 

industrial waste by agriculture. This research had as objective to determine the efficiency of a organomineral 

fertilizer formulated on the basis of sewage sludge in substitution of mineral fertilizer in the cultivation of sugar 

cane in environments with different levels of soil fertility. An experiment was conducted in greater soil fertility, 

in the Institute Federal Goiano– Campus, Morrinhos-GO, Brazil. The other, less soil fertility, was implanted in 

the ethanol industry Tijuco Valley, located in Rio do Peixe, district of Prata-MG, Brazil. The experimental 

design was randomized blocks in a factorial 5 x 2 +1 being five doses, with and without a biostimulant plus an 

additional with mineral fertilization, in four replications. The doses were in function of fertilization 

recommendation of planting and coverage for each environment, consisting of: 100 % of the mineral source 

and percentage 0; 60; 80; 100 and 120 % of organomineral fertilizer. We evaluated the productivity, tillering, 

diameter and height of stem in Prata-MG the different percentages of the fertilization of planting favored and 

increased productivity, height and stem diameter of sugar cane; the use of biostimulants not contributed to 

increase crop yield. In Morrinhos-GO, the different percentage of planting fertilization did not increase the 

productivity, tillering, height and diameter of the sugarcane stem; the use of biostimulants increases the 

productivity yield of sugarcane. Organomineral fertilizer based on biosolids is similar to fertilization with 

mineral fertilizer in environments. 

 

KEYWORDS: Saccharum spp. Fertilizers. Biosolids. Growth. Productivity. 

 

INTRODUCTION 

 

Brazil is the world's largest producer of 

sugar cane (Saccharum spp L.), with an expectation 

around 8.84 million hectares for the 2017/2018 

season, with an average yield of 73,728 kg ha
-1

, it is 

expected a production of approximately 646.4 

million tonnes (CONAB, 2017). The world sugar 

production for 2017/18 is estimated at 179.6 million 

tonnes, having as main producers as in Brazil, India, 

European Union (sugar beet), Thailand, China and 

the United States (USDA, 2017).  

The cost of fertilizers will be a concern in 

the future due the grown of demands and by the 

dependence on non-renewable sources (CÁNOVAS 

et al., 2018), the dependence on imports of 

thosenon-renewable sources of nutrients increases 

the cost of production of sugar cane. The use of 

biofertilizer has aroused great expectations and 

concerning about its efficiency, economy, 

sustainability (RADY, 2012; KULIKOWSKA; 

GUSIATIN, 2015; LIANG et. al., 2014). Because of 

the dependence of organic fertilizer source, the 

biofertilizer opens the possibilities for the recycling 

of nutrients to the use of sewage sludge (DEEKS et 

al., 2013). On the cultivation of sugar cane is 

economically and environmentally important meet 

the requirement on sustainable actions. Studies of 

the influence of nitrogen through the use of 

biofertilizers are being carried out on the culture of 

sugar cane (DEEKS et al., 2013).  

The biofertilizer is gradually being assessed 

in different cultures and environmental conditions. 

Recent studies have demonstrated that the culture of 

sugar cane can respond positively to this type of 

fertilizer, overcoming the traditional mineral 

fertilizers (TEIXEIRA; SOUZA; KORNDÖRFER, 

2014). Ramos et al. (2017) recommend the 

Received: 08/04/19 

Accepted: 30/12/19 

mailto:emmerson.moraes@ifgoiano.edu.br


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Biosci. J., Uberlândia, v. 36, n. 5, p. 1564-1576, Sept./Oct. 2020 
http://dx.doi.org/10.14393/BJ-v36n5a2020-42189 

fertilization with organomineral fertilizer for sugar 

cane affirming this can replace the mineral fertilizer. 

There are also reports that the biofertilizer has 

similar efficiency compared to synthetic fertilizers 

(SATTOLO et al., 2017). All of this ensures that 

there is a need for further research. The 

organomineral fertilizers are an alternative to 

mineral fertilizers, with the advantage of using 

environmental liabilities on its composition from 

productive chains that previously did not have a 

correct destination as animal manure and trash of 

agribusiness, as the filter cake.  

The processes of sewage treatment aims at 

separating the solid part of the liquid, so that the 

treated effluent can return to the receiving bodies 

without causing damage to the environment 

(CORRÊA; FONSECA; CORRÊA, 2007). In this 

process, the sludge becomes rich in organic matter 

and nutrients, thus being considered as a bioproduct 

of treatment (BETTIOL et al., 2006). When this 

residue is treated for later use in agriculture as 

fertilizer, it is renamed as a biosolid created by the 

Water Enviromental 10 Federation (WEF), with the 

main objective of increasing the diffusion of the 

knowledge of the benefits of this material (PIRES; 

MATTIAZZO, 2008).  

The biosolid is a solid residue resulting of 

slush from municipal sewage treatments- ETE 

(YILMAZ; WZOREK; AKÇAY, 2018). The total 

production of sewage sludge on european the 

countries in the year 2015 ranged between 1.94 

(EUROSTAT, 2017) and 0.94 (DEEKS et al., 2013) 

billion tons. The biosolids is composed of organic 

matter, nutrients and some potentially toxic 

elements (YILMAZ; WZOREK; AKÇAY, 2018). It 

is important to give a correct destination to the 

residue, especially from an environmental point of 

view. Thus, the use of biosolids in agriculture stands 

out as a viable practice on the environmental point 

of view, social, economic and agronomic (DEEKS 

et al., 2013). Resende Júnior et al. (2016) concluded 

that the organomineral fertilizer, the basis of 

biosolids, has agronomic benefits that may produce 

social and environmental gains with less impact on 

public health. 

Some additional technologies have been 

used in agriculture to increase the quantity and 

quality of crops. Biostimulants are natural or 

synthetic substances that can be applied directly to 

plants to alter their vital and structural processes. Its 

increase can improve the production and quality of 

crops of economic interest (SILVA; CATO; 

COSTA, 2010; FERREIRA; FERREIRA; 

BOLONHEZI, 2013). The application of 

biostimulants improves the hormonal balance of the 

plant, reducing the susceptibility to stresses 

(SHARMA et al., 2016). These are products that has 

great potential for use in agriculture. There are 

many substances that con produce these products, 

mainly plant hormones such as gibberellins, 

cytokinins, ethylene and other analogous (SILVA; 

CATO; COSTA, 2010) in addition to elements such 

as silicon considered a fertilizer (SAVVAS; 

NTATSI, 2015).  

The efficiency and productivity of sugar 

cane, as well as other crops, are dependent of 

sufficient quantity and good balance of nutrients on 

the soil. Fertilizers which its basis are sewage 

sludge supplemented with mineral fertilizers are 

alternatives that ensure that need. Chiba, Mattiazzo 

and Oliveira (2009) studied the mineral fertilization 

and fertilization with sewage sludge. They observed 

the better productivity with mineral fertilizer alone. 

There is also an increase of productivity using only 

sewage sludge (8.2 t ha
-1

) on the furrow at planting 

compared to absence of fertilizer.  

The objective was to evaluate the yield and 

the biometrics of the sugar cane cultivated with 

mineral fertilizer and organomineral the basis of 

biosolids, on the presence and absence of 

Biostimulant.  

 

MATERIAL AND METHODS 

 

Experiment in Morrinhos-GO 

The first experiment was carried out at 

Federal Institute of Education, Science and 

Technology, Campus Morrinhos Goiás, Brazil, 

located at coordinates 17º 48' 33.7'' S and 49º 12' 

19.9'' W, at an altitude of 900 meters. The soil is 

classified as a dystrophic Red-Yellow Latosol 

(RYLd) (EMBRAPA, 2013). Meteorological data 

were collected by the meteorological station of the 

Campus Morrinhos-GO (Figure 1).  

Since fifteen years was cultivated corn and 

soybeans in alternate years on this area, leaving 

aside in the remaining months of the year, in all 

seasons. Samples were taken from soil at depths of 0 

to 20 cm and 20 to 40 cm (Table 1). 

The physical characterization of the soil 

presented 40.9 % of clay, silt and 21.2 % to 37.9 % 

of sand. The phosphorus were 800 kg ha
-1

 of yorim 

thermophosphate (16 % P2O5; 18 % Ca; 7 % Mg; 

0.10 % B; 0.05% Cu; 0.30% Mn; 10 % itself; 0.55% 

Zn), followed by harrowing with intermediate 

roading grid 16 x 28" and leveling of the soil with 

level grid 36 x 22". 

Were sown 30 kg ha
-1

 of seeds of Crotalaria 

juncea, and the intense flowering to 90 days after 

sowing was performed the cut. After four months of 



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preparing the soil became with the desiccation of 

3.0 L ha
-1

 of glyfhosate and 1.0 L ha
-1

 of 2, 4-D. The 

furrows for planting were opened by a track opener 

with opening of the rod 52 to 82 cm and 50 cm in 

height. In June 2015 were planted billets from 

cultivar RB 92579 with 15 to 18 viable buds metro
-1

 

at a depth of 30 cm. The planting fertilization was 

470 kg ha
-1

 formulation 04-21-07 and coverage of 

400 kg ha
-1

 of 07-00-28 + 0.7% of B to 150 days 

after planting (DAP) (ALVAREZ et al., 1999). 
 

Table 1. Chemical characterization of soils of the experimental areas before the installation of the test.  

Depth 

(cm) 

pH 

(H2O) 
Ca Mg Al P K H+Al T V m M.O. 

1:2,5 -----cmol
c
dm−3--- -mg dm−3--- -cmolcdm

−3- ----%---- -g kg−1- 

YLd - Prata - MG 

0-20 5,7 1,1 0,5 0,0 6,7 88 1,2 3,03 60 0 2,0 

20-40 4,7 1,0 0,3 0,2 2,3 70 1,6 3,08 48 9 1,4 

RYLd - Morrinhos – GO 

0-20 6,0 2,1 0,6 0,0 11,6 136 2,5 5,55 55 0 2,7 

20-40 5,9 1,2 0,3 0,0 3,0 55 2,5 4,14 40 0 1,1 
1 pH in H2O; Ca, Mg, Al, (KCl 1 mol L

-1
); P, K = (Mehlich

-1
); H + Al = (SMP to pH 7.5); CEC at pH 7.0; V = saturation; m = 

aluminum saturation, Methodologies based on Embrapa (2011).  

 

Experiment in Prata-MG 

The experiment was developed in a pasture 

area with lower soil fertility at Vale do Tijuco Sugar 

Cane Plant, located in Rio do Peixe, district of Prata, 

Minas Gerais, Brazil, located at coordinates 19º 30' 

01.7'' S and 48º 28' 31.8'' W, at an altitude of 780 

meters. The soil is classified as a dystrophic Yellow 

Latosol (YLd) (EMBRAPA, 2013) situated 

approximately 200 meters upstream of a spring of 

water. The same remains moist to an average depth 

of 40 cm in the most dry season of the year. 

Meteorological data were collected by an automatic 

weather station of Instituto Nacional de 

Meteorologia - INMET - Uberlândia - MG. (Figure 

1). 

 

 

 
Figure 1. Average precipitation (mm) and temperature (ºC) the experimental areas during the crop cycle in 

season 2015/2016. 

 

The cultivated pasture area presented signs 

of degradation. The result of sampling and chemical 

analysis at depths of 0 to 20 cm and 20 to 40 cm is 

represented in Table 1. The soil is sandy with 18.5 

% of clay, silt 9.5 % and 72.0 % of sand. The liming 

was performed with 2.4 t ha
-1

 of dolomitic lime. He 

became a plowing with moldboard plow with a 

cutting width of 28.8 cm spaced 81 cm and later 

leveling the soil with harrow disc 36 x 22". It was 

planted from 15 to 18 meter viable buds through 

seedlings at depths of 30 to 40 cm deep. The 

experiment was established in May 2015, using the 

cultivar RB 92 579. The fertilization 

recommendation of planting was 570 kg ha
-1

 

formulation 04-21-07 and coverage of 570 kg ha
-1

 of 

07-00-28 + 0.7% of B to 150 DAP (ALVAREZ et 

al., 1999). 

The Organomineral fertilizer was produced 

from sewage sludge sanitized extracted from sewage 

treatment station of the Municipal Department of 

Water and Sewage from the city of Uberlandia-MG. 

The sewer was centrifuged separating the solids. 

The sewage sludge contains 70% moisture and 30 % 

solids. The sewage sludge, when damp went 



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through chemical treatment incorporating whith 

30% of hydrated lime on the solid part exists in the 

centrifuged. After incorporate it with the use of 

concrete mixer, the material was packaged in 

rectangular galvanized zinc containers (30 x 30 x 

100 cm). These were covered by a transparent 

canvas and exposed to sunlight and ultra violet rays 

for 15 consecutive days. Subsequently, withdrew the 

canvas were leaved to dry in the sun until 

approximately 30 days, stabilizing at 20 % of 

moisture. The chemical characterization of biosolids 

was performed according to Embrapa (2011) (Table 

2). 

Based on the chemical composition of 

biosolids and the requirement of planting 

fertilization was mixed forming the formulation 04-

21-07. Was mixed if 39.3 % of biosolids, 12.2 % of 

bran potassium chloride (58 % K2O), 47 % of 

monoamônico phosphate (12 % and 44 % of P2O5) 

and 1.5 % of water. For the fertilization of coverage 

(formulation 07-00-28 + 0.7% of B) was 

homogenized in 31 % of biosolids, 15 % of urea 

polymerized (45 %), 48.3 % of potassium chloride, 

4.2 % of boric acid and 1.50 % of water. 

 

Table 2. Chemical characterization of biosolids in dry basis at 110ºC.  

pH 

CaCl2 
UT NT MOT CT RMT C/N P K Ca Mg 

---------- ---------------------------------------------- % ------------------------------------ 

8,10 10,96 0,99 49,90 27,72 50,67 28/1 2,80 0,30 8,25 2,48 

Density B Na Mn Cu Zn Fe Cd Hg Cr Ni 

g cm
-3

 -------------------------------------------mg kg
-1

---------------------------------- 

0,66 10 201 209 135 1042 27236 1,4 0,7 931 250 

UT = Total Moisture; NT = Total nitrogen; MOT = Organic matter; CT = Total Carbon; RMT = Total Mineral residue. N - [N] = 

sulfuric acid digestion. P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn = perchloric digestion Nitro. B = Colormetric azomethine-H). Methodologies 

based on Embrapa (2011). 

 

The experimental design was in randomized 

blocks factorial 5 x 2 +1 being five doses, with and 

without a biostimulant plus an additional (mineral 

fertilization) in four replications. The experimental 

units corresponded to 9.0 m wide x 10.0 m long, 

composed by six rows of sugar cane in the spacing 

of 1.5 m. The area was composed by four central 

rows of each plot disregarding 1.0 m in each end 

totaling 48 m². The total area of each plot was 90 m
2
 

and the carriers were spaced 3.0 m between plots 

and blocks. It was used biostimulant to the roots 

containing 0.09 g dm
-3

 kinetin, 0.05 g dm
-3

 of acid 

4-indole-3-ilbutírico and 0.05 g dm
-3

 of gibberellic 

acid) via inoculation (0.75 L ha
-1

) and spray volume 

of 100 L ha
-1

 on the sugar canestick in the furrow at 

planting. 

The combinations of doses on treatments 

were in function of fertilization recommendation 

planting and coverage for each environment, 

consisting of: 100 % of the mineral source; and 

percentage 0; 60; 80; 100 and 120 % of 

organomineral fertilizer (with and without a 

biostimulant).To control weeds were used 

herbicides diuron, hexazinone and MSMA in doses 

of 3.2; 5.0 and 3.0 L ha
-1

, respectively. The control 

of ants and termites was carried out with the active 

principle fipronil applied in the planting furrow at a 

dosage of 2.5 g ha
-1

.  

It was evaluated yield (t ha
-1

) at the time of 

harvest to 370 DAP. The harvest was performed 

manually by cutting 8.0 m of plot being 2.0 m in 

each line. The beam of sugarcane was weighed with 

weighing dynamometer Technical mark mod. D-

5000 and weighing capacity 2000 kg x 200 g. 

It was performed like this in order to count 

the number of tillers in eight central meters of four 

lines were useful. The diameter was determined 

with a digital caliper at the time of the third 

ascending stem. For the height using a measuring 

tape from the cut at the base of the stem to the 

opposite end of the cut.  

 

Statistical analysis  

The results were submitted to analysis of 

variance (ANOVA), carried out by the F test at 5% 

probability, and the averages were compared by the 

Tukey test and Dunnet's test at 0.05 significance 

level through software Assistat 7.7 Beta (SILVA; 

AZEVEDO, 2009). The adjustment of the 

regression equations were chosen based on the 

significance of the regression coefficients at 5% 

probability by the F test and the largest 

determination coefficient (R
2
) Sigma Plot for 

Windows (Systat Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) version 

12.0. Comparison was performed between two 

environments using the 5.1 software Genes (CRUZ, 

2013). 



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RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 

 

In the trial installed on the locality of Prata-

MG, whose level of fertility of the soil presents 

chemical characteristics more restrictives for the 

cultivation of sugar cane in relation to the locality of 

Morrinhos-GO, the absence of fertilization 

promoted significant reductions on productivity, 

height, stem diameter and tillering in relation to 

nitrogen standard, corresponding to mineral 

fertilization (Table 3). Thus, while the mineral 

fertilization with 100 % of the recommendation 

promoted a yield of 113.1 t ha
-1

, in the absence of 

fertilization, the productivity was 53.9 and 62.2 t ha
-

1
 without and with biostimulant, respectively. There 

were no differences for the remaining percentage of 

fertilization. The imbalance and nutritional 

deficiency to the agricultural crops is a determinant 

factor for the occurrence of low yields (DOAN et 

al., 2015).  

 

Table 3. Productivity, height and stem diameter and tillering function of the percentage of the dose 

recommendation for mineral fertilization and organomineral with and without biostimulant in Prata - 

MG.  

Biostimulant 
----------------------------Percentual of recomendation (%)------------------- 

0 60 80 100 120 Media 

 --------------------------------- Productivity (t ha
-1

) --------------------------- 

Whithout 53,9* 95,5 115,0 109,6 124,8 99,8 A 

With 62,3* 98,9 100,4 110,0 121,4 98,6 A 

Mineral 100 % = 113,1 

CV (%)=14,92; DMSBiostimulant= 9,69; DMSMineral= 30,64 

 ------------------------------------Hight (m)-------------------------- 

Whithout 1,70* 2,30 2,47 2,44 2,41 2,26 A 

With 1,79* 2,36 2,49 2,33 2,44 2,28 A 

Mineral 100 % = 2,26 

CV (%)=6,48; DMSBiostimulant=; DMSMineral= 0,30 

 ----------------------------- Diameter (mm) -------------------------- 

Whithout 22,49* 27,73 28,04 28,61 29,43 27,26 A 

With 22,98* 27,34 28,49 29,78 31,10 27,94 A 

Mineral 100 % = 29,82 

CV (%)=4,50; DMSBioetimulant= 0,80; DMSMineral= 2,55 

 -------------------------------Profiling (plants m
-1

)---------------------- 

Whithout 10,0 10,5 11,6 11,5 11,1 10,9 A 

With 9,5* 11,3 11,8 10,8 11,6 11,0 A 

Mineral 100 % = 11,5 

CV (%)=6,97; DMSBiostimulant= 0,49; DMSMineral= 1,57 
Medias followed by different letters, in the column for each variable, differ among themselves by the test of Tukey at 0.05 significance 

level; *different averages of the mineral by Dunnet's test (p<0.05).  

 

Even if we have observed rainfall rates 

higher than those of Morrinhos-GO (Figure 1), a 

condition that favors the greater efficiency of 

nitrogen, were not observed in the experiment of 

Prata-MG significant differences on the parameters 

evaluated between the mineral fertilizer and 

organomineral at its different levels. The lower 

buffer capacity of the soil has to be limiting in the 

absence of fertilizer (JIANG et al. 2016). However, 

it is important to highlight that even using the 

Organomineral fertilizer at a dosage of 60% of the 

recommendation, there was a reduction only in 

average diameter of stem, when compared to 

mineral fertilization, keeping unchanged the other 

factors of production (Table 3). In contrast, even at 

a dose of 120% the fertilizer organomineral did not 

result in significant gains in relation to mineral 

fertilization. From the rate of 60 % was sufficient to 

ensure the proper development of the plants 

producing similar to rate of 120 %. Soils of high 

fertility can ensure good or better productivity of 

sugar cane (GOLDEMBERG; COELHO; 

GUARDABASSI, 2008). Kirkels, Cammeraat and 

Kuhn (2014) emphasizes the need to be replenishing 

nutrients in function of extraction by crops and thus 

remain close to the ideal for cultivation. 

Under climate conditions and soil from the 

municipality of Prata-MG was not observed 

significant effect arising from the application of the 

biostimulant in the evaluation performed at 370 

DAP on the parameters evaluated. The hormonal 

compound (kinetin acid, 4-indole-3-ilbutírico and 



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gibberellic acid) not contributed to increase the 

efficiency of absorption of nutrients from the soil 

solution. On the other hand, Ferreira, Ferreira and 

Bolonhezi (2013) affirm that the hormonal 

compound improves nutrient absorption and helps to 

support the strict conditions of soil fertility. 

In an experiment installed in Morrinhos-GO 

(Table 4), the higher fertility of the soil promoted 

quite different results in relation to the observed in 

the municipality of Prata-MG. Should also be 

considered that previously to the test, the area was 

cultivated for over a decade with corn and soybean 

in succession, having received phosphorus and the 

management of scouring, desiccation and 

incorporation of Crotalaria juncea, before planting 

of sugar cane. Thus, even in the absence of 

fertilization, were obtained the same productivity, 

height and stem diameter and number of tillers 

observed in the treatment with mineral fertilizer. 

Best fertility soils have greater resistance to change 

or depletion of nutrients in the soil (DOAN et al., 

2015). Thus, the supply of nutrients to the plants are 

larger and promote the best development of the 

plants (YAN et al., 2016). Attention to the good 

performance of plots that received organomineral 

fertilizer with dosage of 60% of the 

recommendation, not differing mineral fertilization 

supplied at a dose of 100%. Characteristics inherent 

to the production technology gives the fertilizer 

organomineral ownership of controlled release, with 

the possible reduction of leaching, remaining at the 

disposal of the root system for a longer period of 

time (KOMINKO; GORAZDA; WZOREK, 2017). 

In theory, this could contribute to explain the greater 

efficiency of biofertilizer in fertilizer trials with 

different cultures.  

In Morrinhos-GO conditions it was 

evidenced significant effect of biostimulant 

Evidenced significant effect of biostimulant in the 

average increase in yield in crop productivity in 

13.4 t ha
-1

 comparing with the absence, while for the 

other parameters there were no significant gains. 

The development of the root system and aerial part 

is favored by the increase of cellular division and 

organogenesis of tissues. Thus, there is a greater 

production of photoassimilates and consequently 

productivity. The stimulator assists responses to 

adaptations of plants to extrinsic factors, mediating 

the reception of light in the aerial part, improving 

the absorption of water and nutrients to the roots 

(KOPRNA et al., 2016). Silva, Cato and Costa 

(2010) and Ferreira, Ferreira and Bolonhezi (2013) 

reported increases in productivity of ton of stalks 

per hectare and sugar in sugarcane ratoon regardless 

of genotype, with the use of biorreguladores 

vegetables. The biostimulanthelp to maintain the 

hormonal balance of the plant, making them less 

susceptible to biotic and abiotic stresses (SHARMA 

et al., 2016).  

On the area of lower fertility in Prata-MG, it 

was observed that average productivity (Figure 2B) 

and stem diameter (Figure 2F) with the use of a 

biostimulant adjusted the ascending linear 

regressions.  

The maximum productivity and increased 

stem diameter recorded at a dose of 120% were 

respectively 47 t ha
-1

 and 31.51 mm with the use of 

a stimulator. In soils with low nutrient supply occurs 

massive responses to nitrogen supplied. This was 

evident by the agronomic performance of green 

cane fertilized with ammonium sulphate in a soil of 

the coastal plain found by (OLIVEIRA et al., 2017). 

Replacement of nutrients is emphasized by 

(KIRKELS; CAMMERAAT; KUHN, 2014) in 

function of extraction by crops and thus remain 

close to the ideal for cultivation. 

 

 

 

Table 4. Productivity, height and stem diameter and tillering function of the percentage of the dose 

recommendation for mineral fertilization and organomineral with and without biostimulant in 

Morrinhos - GO.  

Biostimulant 
----------------------------Percentual of recomendation (%)-------------- 

0 60 80 100 120 Media 

 --------------------------------- Produtividade (t ha
-1

) ---------------------- 

Whithout 113,3 127,0 133,0 120,9 119,3 122,7 B 

With 148,7 125,5 131,6 130,9 143,4 136,1 A 

Mineral 100 % = 120,2 

CV (%)= 12,64; DMSBiostimulant=10,5; DMSMineral= 33,23 

 --------------------------------Hight (m)------------------------- 

Whithout 2,24 2,32 2,50 2,45 2,18 2,34 A 

With 2,42 2,45 2,27 2,47 2,42 2,41 A 

Mineral 100 % = 2,40 



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CV (%)=7,50; DMSBiostimulant= 0,11; DMSMineral= 0,36 

 ----------------------------- Diameter (mm) --------------------- 

Whithout 27,77 29,19 28,91 28,64 29,0 28,70 A 

With 28,37 28,78 29,37 29,78 30,64 29,39 A 

Mineral 100 % = 29,82 

CV (%)= 4,47; DMSBiostimulant= 0,84; DMSMineral= 2,66 

 ------------------------------- Tillering(plants m
-1

)----------------- 

Whithout 91,50 96,72 95,26 86,87 92,0 92,47 A 

With 94,76 94,25 96,31 91,18 96,76 94,65 A 

Mineral 100 % = 94,76 

CV (%)= 8,61; DMSBiostimulant= 5,21; DMSMineral= 16,48 
Medias followed by different letters, in the column for each variable, differ among themselves by the test of Tukey at 0.05 significance 

level; *different averages of the mineral by Dunnet's test (p<0.05).  

 

The productivity averages (Figure 2A) and 

stem diameter (Figure 2E) without use of 

biostimulants were adjusted to quadratic 

regressions. While in the absence of biostimulant 

the maximum productivity of 122.4 t ha
-1

was 

obtained in the dosage of 120%, the maximum 

diameter of 29.2 mm also in the dosage of 120%. 

The average plant height adjusted to 

quadratic regressions without (Figure 2C) and 

(Figure 2D) biostimulant. However, while in the 

absence of the biostimulant maximum height of 2.45 

m was obtained at a dosage of 100 %, when the use 

of the stimulator the maximum height was 2.44 m at 

a dosage of 94.6 %. Justified by the inverse of the 

happened in the area in Morrinhos-GO. In this way, 

the responses of the crop with the application of the 

biostimulant is dependent on the provision of 

nutrients in the soil solution. Thus, the increasing 

production of photoassimilates and consequently 

productivity of sugar cane is dependent on a better 

nutrition and absorption capacity. From then on, the 

biostimulant assists the plants to support diversity of 

different factors (KOPRNA et al., 2016; SHARMA 

et al., 2016).  

On the other hand, no differences were 

found on nitrogen percentage in the area of greater 

soil fertility in Morrinhos-GO. As already 

mentioned, the textural characteristics, history of 

cultivation, phosphorus, cultivation of Crotalaria 

juncea has improved and increased the buffer 

capacity of the soil giving greater resistance to 

change variations in nutrient levels available in the 

soil solution (DOAN et al., 2015).   

 

 

 



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Figure 2. Regression models were significant at 0.05, for productivity, height and stem diameter and tillering in 

function of doses of Organomineral the basis of biosolids with and without biostimulant in area of 

lower soil fertility in Prata - MG.  

 

 

In Table 5are presented comparisons by 

Tukey test between the averages of productivity and 

growth parameters of plants in the localities of 

Prata-MG and Morrinhos-GO. In the last locality, 

the best agronomic characteristics of the soil 

resulted in significant differences (P ≥ 0.05) 

between the environments for all parameters 

evaluated when in the absence of fertilization, 

particularly with regard to the productivity that was 

54.76 % higher in the test installed in the Goiás state 

without the application of the biostimulant and 

46.60% in the presence of the stimulator. There is, 

however, that the mineral fertilization promoted 

equivalence of productivity, height and stem 

diameter and tillering between both locations. 

Possibly the greatest speed of dissolution of mineral 

fertilizer, elevation in the levels of elements 

provided the soil solution and consequent 

availability for the plant may have favored the 

similarity between the averages in both locations. 

The supply of nutrients are larger and contained in 

soils of higher level of fertility by promoting the 

best development of the plants (YAN et al., 2016). 

Tomei (2015) cites the competition for land in 

fertile volcanic soils of the pacific coast in the 

region of Guatemala for the cultivation of sugar 

cane. 

 



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Table5. Productivity, stem height, stem diameter and tillering of plants of sugar cane cultivated in two environments (Prata-MG and Morrinhos-GO) depending on the 

percentage of fertilization with and without biostimulant. 

Locations 

Percentual of recomendation (%) 

-------- 0 ------- --------60--------- -------80---- ------100---- ------120------ Mineral 

Whithout With Whithout With Whithout With Whithout With Whithout With 100 % 

 Productivity (t ha
-1

) 

 

Prata 53,9 b 62,3 b 95,5 b 98,9 b 115,0 a 100,4 b 109,7 a 110,0 b 124,8 a 121,4 b 113,2 a 

Morrinhos 108,3 a 133,7 a 119,6 a 128,1 a 123,1 a 136,6 a 123,5 a 138,5 a 126,8 a 143,5 a 127,7 a 

CV (%) = 11,2; DMSLocations = 18,2 

 Heigt hof stalk (m) 

Prata 1,70 b 1,87 b 2,32 a 2,37 a 2,45 a 2,50 a 2,42 a 2,37 a 2,42 a 2,45 a 2,27 a 

Morrinhos 2,25 a 2,42 a 2,32 a 2,45 a 2,50 a 2,27 a 2,45 a 2,47 a 2,20 a 2,42 a 2,45 a 

CV (%) = 7,44; DMSLocations = 0,24 

 Stalk diameter (mm)  

Prata 22,4 b 22,9 b 27,7 a 27,3 a 28,0 a 28,5 a 28,6 a 29,7 a 29,4 a 31,1 a 29,8 a 

Morrinhos 27,7 a 28,3 a 29,2 a 28,7 a 28,9 a 29,4 a 28,6 a 29,7 a 29,0 a 30,6 a 29,8 a 

CV (%) = 4,49; DMSLocations =1,81 

 number of tiller (plants m
-1

) 

Prata 10,0 b 9,8 b 10,4 b 11,3 a 11,6 a 11,8 a 11,6 a 11,8 a 11,1 a 11,7 a 11,5 a 

Morrinhos 11,4 a 11,8 a 12,1 a 11,7 a 11,9 a 12,0 a 10,8 a 11,4 a 11,5 a 12,1 11,8 a 

CV (%) = 8,13; DMSLocations = 1,31 

 
Averages followed by different letters, in column, differ among them selves by the test of Tukey at 0.05 significance level. 

 



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When is used organomineral fertilizer, the 

extent that was used fertilization levels between 80 

and 120% of the recommended dose, the differences 

between the two environments for the averages 

observed in the parameters evaluated are not 

detectable. It seems that, regardless of the type of 

fertilizer, the correction of levels of essential 

elements to plants occurred on a satisfactory way 

In environment of lower soil fertility (Prata-

MG) the different percentages of the fertilization of 

planting increase the productivity, height and 

diameter of the cane of the sugar cane; the use of 

biostimulants does not contribute to the yield of this 

crop. 

In environment of greater soil fertility 

(Morrinhos-GO) the different percentages of the 

fertilization of planting do not improve productivity, 

tillering, height and diameter of the cane of 

sugarcane; the use of biostimulants increases yield 

of sugarcane. 

Organomineral fertilizer based on biosolids 

can replace fertilizing with mineral fertilizer 

environments of low and high fertility. 

The use oforganomineral fertilizer and 

biostimulant are viable alternatives for sustainable 

fertilization of the soil and the cycling of nutrients 

on the culture of sugar cane.  

 

ACKNOWLEDMENS 

 

To the Conselho Nacional de 

Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq; 

the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de 

Minas Gerais - FAPEMIG; Mining Company of 

Sugar and Alcohol - Cmaa - Valley of the Tijuco; 

Araporã Bioenergy; Stoller of Brazil; Instituto 

Federal Goiano - Campus Morrinhos and Instituto 

de Ciências Agrárias - Federal University of 

Uberlândia. 

 

 

RESUMO:A dependência de fertilizantes minerais, cada vez mais, trouxe preocupação frente ao 

aumento da demanda e por ser um recurso mineral não renovável. A adubação orgânica, em exclusivo, é 

impraticável em larga escala, no entanto, a combinação de fontes orgânicas e minerais já se mostrou viável, 

tanto do ponto de vista nutricional das plantas como no aspecto de reciclagem de áreas urbanas e urbanas como 

de resíduos industriais pela agricultura. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo determinar a eficiência de um 

fertilizante organomineral formulado à base de lodo de esgoto em substituição ao adubo mineral no cultivo de 

cana-de-açúcar em ambientes com diferentes níveis de fertilidade do solo. Um experimento foi conduzido em 

ambiente de maior fertilidade do solo, no Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus, Morrinhos-GO, Brasil. O outro, 

em local com menor fertilidade do solo, na indústria de etanol no Vale do Tijuco, localizado no município de 

Rio do Peixe, no município de Prata-MG, Brasil. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, 

em esquema fatorial 5 x 2 +1, correspondente a cinco níveis de adubação, com e sem bioestimulante mais um 

tratamento adicional com adubação mineral, em quatro repetições. As doses foram em função da recomendação 

de adubação de plantio e cobertura para cada ambiente, sendo composta por: 100% da fonte mineral e 

porcentagens de 0; 60; 80; 100 e 120% de fertilizante organomineral. Avaliou-se a produtividade, 

perfilhamento, diâmetro e altura de colmos.Em Prata - MG os diferentes percentuais da adubação de plantio 

favorece e incrementa produtividade, altura e diâmetro do colmo da cana-de-açúcar; o uso de bioestimulantes 

não contribui para o rendimento desta cultura. Em Morrinhos - GO os diferentes percentuais da adubação de 

plantio não melhora produtividade, perfilhamento, altura e diâmetro do colmo da cana-de-açúcar; o uso de 

bioestimulantes incrementa rendimento de produtividade da cana-de-açúcar. A adubação com fertilizante 

organomineral a base de biossólido é semelhante a adubação com fertilizante mineral nos ambientes. 

 

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Saccharum spp. Fertilizantes. Biossólidos. Crescimento. Produtividade. 

 

 

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