item: #1 of 314 id: biotropia-1 author: Begum, Mahfuza; Juraimi, Abdul Shukor; Amartalingam, Rajan; Bin Syed Rastan, Syed Omar; Bin Man, Azmi title: GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF Fimbristylis miliacea (L.)Vahl date: 2008-09-01 words: 4585 flesch: 65 summary: Plant height and the number of inflorescence per plant was recorded weekly for up to 4 months after sowing. Plant height was measured weekly from the soil surface to the tip of the leaf. keywords: emergence; formation; growth; height; inflorescence; miliacea; number; plant; seed; weed cache: biotropia-1.pdf plain text: biotropia-1.txt item: #2 of 314 id: biotropia-10 author: None title: Untitled Document date: None words: 177 flesch: -54 summary: Soemaryono M.Sc., Biotechnology Research Unit For Estate Crops, Bogor, Indonesia Dr. Okky S. Dharmaputra, SEAMEO BIOTROP/Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), Bogor, Indonesia Dr. Gayuh Rahayu, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), Bogor, Indonesia Dr. Yadi Haryadi, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), Bogor, Indonesia Dr. Zainal Mahmud, Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (Puslitbangbun), Bogor, Indonesia  Untitled Document Prof. Dr. Mirnawati Sudarmanto, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor (IPB), Indonesia Dr. Ratih Dewanti Hariyadi, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), Bogor, Indonesia Prof. Dr. M.A. Chozin, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), Bogor, Indonesia Dr. Soekisman S. Tjitrosemito, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), Bogor, Indonesia Dr. Dahlia Sukma, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, The State University of Jakarta (UNJ), Jakarta 13220, Indonesia Dr. Lisdar M. Sudirman,  Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), Bogor, Indonesia Dr. Nurita L. Toruan-Mathius, Tissue Culture Laboratory, SMART Research Institute (SMARTRI), Bogor, Indonesia Ir. keywords: bogor cache: biotropia-10.htm plain text: biotropia-10.txt item: #3 of 314 id: biotropia-103 author: IPOR, I,B title: SHADING EFFECTS ON GROWTH AND PARTITIONING OF PLANT BIOMASS IN PASPALUM CONJUGATUM BERG date: 2011-11-15 words: 3006 flesch: 67 summary: An analysis of leaf growth in sugarbeet. Effect of temperature on leaf growth in corn (Zea mays). keywords: area; conjugatum; growth; leaf; light; plant; shade; shading cache: biotropia-103.pdf plain text: biotropia-103.txt item: #4 of 314 id: biotropia-1030 author: Susiyanti, Susiyanti; Rusmana, Rusmana; Maryani, Yeyen; Sjaifuddin, Sjaifuddin; Krisdianto, Nanang; Syabana, Mohamad Ana title: THE PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SEVERAL INDONESIAN RICE VARIETIES date: 2019-08-28 words: 5732 flesch: 61 summary: The width, length, and shape of rice grain affect the ease of the grinding BIOTROPIA Vol. Compared to rice grains with transparent endosperm, their selling point is low. keywords: amylopectin; amylose; ash; ciherang; content; fat; fiber; food; grain; protein; quality; rice; sample; starch; varieties; water cache: biotropia-1030.pdf plain text: biotropia-1030.txt item: #5 of 314 id: biotropia-1038 author: Nguyen, Chung Tan; Nguyen, Ha Van title: REMOVAL EFFICIENCY OF NITROGEN, PHOSPHORUS AND HEAVY METALS ASSOCIATED WITH SWINE WASTEWATER USING AQUATIC MACROPHYTES date: 2023-08-01 words: 5950 flesch: 56 summary: The impacts of temperature variation on wastewater treatment in the Gaza Strip: Gaza wastewater treatment plant as case study. In the other research, Lam & Ngo (2013) pointed out that cattail species was capable of absorbing 0,17g N and 0,09g P/m2/day in wastewater treatment of intensive catfish ponds with closed recirculation, whereas absortion ability of heavy metals was 456 - 1549 mg/kg (Fe) and 1.2 to 7.6 mg/kg (Pb) (Anning et al. 2013). keywords: concentrations; obtusifolium; pig; soil; species; treatment; wastewater cache: biotropia-1038.pdf plain text: biotropia-1038.txt item: #6 of 314 id: biotropia-104 author: PAOULAYAN, ROBERTO C title: NOTES ON THE FAMILY AMPULLARIIDAE (GASTROPODA: PROSOBRANCHIA) IN THE PHILIPPINES: I. DIGESTIVE, CIRCULATORY, AND EXCRETORY SYSTEMS date: 2011-11-15 words: 9859 flesch: 64 summary: These are: P. conica, P. ampullacea, P. mainitensis, P. quadrasi, and P. vittala. The rhachidian teeth of P. mainitensis (Fig. 7D) is similar to that of P. ampullacea but the central cusps are more triangular, resembling an arrow head. keywords: anterior; cavity; chamber; conica; fig; gill; kidney; kidney chamber; mantle; p. conica; pila; posterior; right; sac; snails; species; stomach; vein cache: biotropia-104.pdf plain text: biotropia-104.txt item: #7 of 314 id: biotropia-105 author: TJITROSEMITO, S. title: THE ADSORPTION OF IMAZAPYR BY THREE SOIL TYPES IN INDONESIA date: 2011-11-15 words: 1392 flesch: 67 summary: To understand its fate in soil, imazapyr adsorption in various soils and the effect of liming and washing were investigated. Effect of soil type and pH on adsorption, mobility and efficacy of imozaquin and imazethapyr, Weed Sci, 38: 67-73. TJITROSEMITO, S. and D. SUWINARNO. keywords: adsorption; imazapyr; rice; soil cache: biotropia-105.pdf plain text: biotropia-105.txt item: #8 of 314 id: biotropia-1051 author: Nguyen, Chung Tan; Tran, Ngoan Thi; Nguyen, Them Van title: DETERMINING AN APPROPRIATE AGE FOR ESTIMATING SITE INDEX OF Acacia hybrid PLANTATIONS IN SOUTHEASTERN VIETNAM date: 2021-04-29 words: 4289 flesch: 67 summary: The objectives of this study were to 1) determine a baseline age for Acacia hybrid plantations to establish their site indices and 2) develop site index curves for Acacia hybrid plantations. Based on a preliminary survey of the age dstribution of Acacia hybrid plantations in the study locations, standard sampling plots were established to measure growth criteria for each age group. keywords: acacia; age; forest; height; hybrid; index; plantations; site; tree cache: biotropia-1051.pdf plain text: biotropia-1051.txt item: #9 of 314 id: biotropia-1055 author: Khastini, Rida Oktorida; Wahyuni, Indria; Saraswati, Irma title: ETHNOBOTANICAL STUDY OF DIGESTIVE SYSTEMS DISORDERS IN BADUY ETHNIC, INDONESIA date: 2021-04-29 words: 4821 flesch: 56 summary: Quantitative analysis was performed to authenticate and project the relative importance of medicinal plant species in their traditional use. The Baduy population lives along water-rich areas, yet their lack of sanitation facilities and unawareness of disease prevention methods have resulted in high morbidity and mortality rates in their communities, largely due to digestive system disorders that they continue to treat with medicinal plants. keywords: ache; baduy; communities; decoction; digestive; disorders; indonesia; leaf; parts; people; plants; species; stomach; study; system; ulcer; use; uses cache: biotropia-1055.pdf plain text: biotropia-1055.txt item: #10 of 314 id: biotropia-107 author: NA-NAKORN, UTHAIRAT title: REVIEW OF AQUACULTURE GENETIC RESEARCHES IN THAILAND date: 2011-11-15 words: 4120 flesch: 53 summary: C. macrocephalus is the most acceptable due to good meat quality, thus commands high price. Although its growth and disease resistance is better than C. macrocephalus, it is not so acceptable due to poor meat quality, thus its price is very low. keywords: aquaculture; fisheries; genetics; growth; kasetsart; macrocephalus; selection; species; thailand; university cache: biotropia-107.pdf plain text: biotropia-107.txt item: #11 of 314 id: biotropia-1078 author: Permana, Agus Dana; Putra, Ramadhani Eka; Nurulfah, Auliya; Rosmiati, Mia; Kinasih, Ida title: GROWTH OF BLACK SOLDIER FLY LARVAE ( Hermetia illucens ) FED WITH PAK CHOI ( Brassica chinensis ) AND CARP ( Cyprinus carpio ) RESIDUES date: 2021-08-13 words: 5107 flesch: 62 summary: Nguyen et al. 2013; *Corresponding author: ramadhani@sith.itb.ac.id Growth of black soldier fly larvae fed with pakchoi (Hermetia illucens) and carp (Cyprinus carpio) remains – Permana et al. 93 Oonincx et al. 2015a), as well as human and livestock feces (Myers et al. 2008; Variables like pH of the substrate, nutritional variability, and feeding regime were probably the factors that govern the sex ratio of adult flies Growth of black soldier fly larvae fed with pakchoi (Hermetia illucens) and carp (Cyprinus carpio) remains – Permana et al. 99 (Quezada-Garcia et al. 2014; Ma et al. 2018; Meneguz et al. 2018). keywords: biomass; diet; entomol; et al; feed; fly; food; growth; hermetia; larvae; soldier; tomberlin; waste cache: biotropia-1078.pdf plain text: biotropia-1078.txt item: #12 of 314 id: biotropia-1079 author: Putra, Ramadhani Eka; Ramadan, D Beta; Adin, Adriyanita; Kinasih, Ida; Rosmiati, Mia; Oktaviani, Indah; Leksikowati, Sovia Santi title: TRUE SHALLOT ( Allium cepa var ascalonicum ) SEED PRODUCTION DURING OFF SEASON date: 2021-08-13 words: 3746 flesch: 59 summary: *Corresponding author: ramadhani@sith.itb.ac.id True shallot (Allium ascalonicum) seed production during off season – Putra et al. 103 However, most of the local growers have not applied this method due to the very limited amount of available true shallot seeds (Rosliani 2013). Seed production of this temperate tuber in the tropical region, however, is quite challenging due to its low flowers and seed formation. keywords: 2013; bap; flowering; flowers; groups; number; plant; production; season; seed; shallot; treatment; vernalization cache: biotropia-1079.pdf plain text: biotropia-1079.txt item: #13 of 314 id: biotropia-108 author: S. CARING, VIRGINIA title: EFFECTS OF THE HEAVY METAL, ZINC, ON THE FRESHWATER FISH TILAPIA NILOTICA L. date: 2011-11-15 words: 2603 flesch: 60 summary: b. Delay in spermatogenesis in zinc treated fish. 34 Effects of the heavy metal, zinc, on Tilapia nilotica L. - V.S. Cariffo For blood parameters, fingerlings were reared in zinc concentrations of 2, 5, and 10 ppm for 30, 60, and 90 days (Cariño and Casauay 1991). keywords: blood; cell; days; fish; gill; nilotica; ppm; tilapia; zinc cache: biotropia-108.pdf plain text: biotropia-108.txt item: #14 of 314 id: biotropia-1092 author: Setiawan, Adi title: LAND SUITABILITY ASSESSMENT FOR PATCHOULI (Pogostemon cablin) DEVELOPMENT AND ESSENTIAL OIL PRODUCTION date: 2021-04-29 words: 4989 flesch: 57 summary: The assessment was performed by matching the requirement of Patchouli plant growth and the characteristics of the land which were Assessing and evaluating land suitability in the development of patchouli effect o n patchouli essential oil - Setiawan e t al. categorized into 3 groups based on: topography, Patchouli Growth and Result Evaluation soil and climate P t u n g e t aL 2007). The results of this study also indicated the influence of land suitability classes on plant growth however, the different classification (in this case S3 compared to N) did not demonstrate a correlation between land classes and oil yield and Patchouli alcohol, where the element Potassium was the limiting factor. keywords: altitude; content; growth; land; location; oil; patchouli; plant; potassium; soil; suitability; yield cache: biotropia-1092.pdf plain text: biotropia-1092.txt item: #15 of 314 id: biotropia-110 author: MERCADO, B.T. title: NOTES ON SOME GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS OF MIKANIA CORD AT A (BURM. F.) B.L. ROBINSON* date: 2011-11-15 words: 2124 flesch: 74 summary: Germination of Mikania seed (15 seeds per petri dish) Replication No. of seeds germinated Germination % 1 4 2 4 3 6 4 6 26.6 26.6 40.0 40.0 Both stem (branches) and leaves give rise to new plants with relative ease. keywords: mikania; plant; seeds; stem cache: biotropia-110.pdf plain text: biotropia-110.txt item: #16 of 314 id: biotropia-111 author: E.P. MILITANTE, M.U. GARC, A.K. RAYMUNDO, title: BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF DAMPING-OFF FUNGI OF AGOHO (CASUARINA EQUISETIFOLIA L.) USING ANTAGONISTIC BACTERIA date: 2011-11-15 words: 3914 flesch: 53 summary: It is for this purpose that a study on the biological control of damping-off fungi of agoho using antagonistic bacteria was conducted. Specifically, the study aimed to determine the efficacy of promising antagonistic bacteria in the laboratory and under nursery conditions. keywords: agar; agoho; bacillus; bacteria; control; damping; fungi; germination cache: biotropia-111.pdf plain text: biotropia-111.txt item: #17 of 314 id: biotropia-112 author: MASAGCA, JIMMY T. title: CHROMOSOMAL CHARACTERS OF THE INDONESIAN SAND GOBY, OXYELEOTRISMARMORATA BLKR. 1874 (ELEOTRIDAE)*) date: 2011-11-15 words: 1918 flesch: 65 summary: The test of chromosome pairs showed all acrocentrics (A). The methodology of chromosome preparation followed that of Rivlin et al. keywords: cells; chromosome; fish; goby; number; sand cache: biotropia-112.pdf plain text: biotropia-112.txt item: #18 of 314 id: biotropia-1122 author: Zakaria, Radhiah; Mohd Said, Mohd Nizam; Ibrahim, Faridah Hanum title: ASSOCIATION OF TREE COMMUNITIES WITH SOIL PROPERTIES IN A SEMI DECIDUOUS FOREST OF PERLIS, PENINSULAR MALAYSIA date: 2019-08-28 words: 5212 flesch: 57 summary: Granite soil has the highest acidity probably because it originated from the acidic parent rocks (Juo 1981) and the decomposition of OM also adds to the acidification of surface soil (Zaidey et al. 2010). This study was conducted to determine the effect of soil properties on the association of tree communities within three distinct habitats in a semi-deciduous forest in Perlis State Park (PSP), Perlis. keywords: analysis; association; communities; forest; granite; habitats; kubang; malaysia; pasu; perlis; plots; properties; setul; soil; species; state; study; tree cache: biotropia-1122.pdf plain text: biotropia-1122.txt item: #19 of 314 id: biotropia-113 author: DHARMAPUTRA, OKKY S. title: THE POSSIBILITY OF CONTROLLING SCLEROTIUM ROLFSII ON SOYBEAN (GLYCINE MAX) USING TRICHODERMA AND TEBUCONAZOLE*) date: 2011-11-15 words: 2895 flesch: 51 summary: Soybean plants (14 days after planting) on soil inoculated with Sclerotium rolfsii and sprayed with Tebuconazole at concentration of 210 g/ha at the same day of seed planting 26 Figure 4. Soybean plants (14 DAP) on soil inoculated with Sclerotium rolfsii and TricHoderma aure-oviride BIO-5, and sprayed with Tebuconazole at concentration of 100 g/ha at the same day of seed planting The soybean production of the soil sprayed with the fungicide at the same day with the planting of seeds was higher and significantly different (1756.3 kg/ha) than that of the soil sprayed with the fungicide 7 DAP (1458.5 kg/ha) (Table 5). keywords: antagonist; concentration; fungicide; soil cache: biotropia-113.pdf plain text: biotropia-113.txt item: #20 of 314 id: biotropia-115 author: VERMA, T.D title: BIOECOLOGY OF DIORYCTRIA ABIETELLA DENIS AND SCHIFF. A PEST OF CONIFERS IN THE NORTH-WESTERN HIMALAYA date: 2011-11-15 words: 2053 flesch: 67 summary: The pupa was dark brown, 13.50+14.10 mm (av. 13.80±0.07 mm) in length. The body length varied from 9.50- 12.00 mm (av. 10.59±0.85 mm) and 14.00-16.00 mm (av. 15.30±0.67 mm) in two instars, respectively. keywords: abietella; days cache: biotropia-115.pdf plain text: biotropia-115.txt item: #21 of 314 id: biotropia-1159 author: Leung, David title: HARVESTING TIME AND VIABILITY OF Ixora coccinea 'Dwarf Red Coccinea' POLLEN date: 2021-04-29 words: 3595 flesch: 62 summary: Since other studies on Ixora pollen were m a d y focused on pollen morphology, it would be of interest to study the effect of sucrose level on the germination of pollen from other Ixora spp. Another possibility is that sucrose may not be the only factor to enhance Ixora pollen germination. keywords: coccinea; dwarf; germination; grains; ixora; pollen; red; sucrose cache: biotropia-1159.pdf plain text: biotropia-1159.txt item: #22 of 314 id: biotropia-116 author: V.C. PATIL, C.P. CHANDRASHEKARA,; PATIL, V.C.; SREENIVASA, M.N. title: RESPONSE OF TWO SUNFLOWER (HELIANTHUS ANNUUS L.) GENOTYPES TO VA-MYCORRHIZAL INOCULATION AND PHOSPHORUS LEVELS date: 2011-11-15 words: 2159 flesch: 62 summary: Iqbal and Qureshi (1977) reported that mycorrhizal sunflower plants were taller, stouter, had more numerous larger leaves and bore bigger capitulum producing viable seeds than non-mycorrhizal plants. The total biomass production, seed yield and P uptake of mycorrhizal plants at 38 kg P2O5 ha -1 more than the non-mycorrhizal plants at 75 kg P2O5 ha -1 . keywords: mycorrhizal; p2o5; plants; sunflower cache: biotropia-116.pdf plain text: biotropia-116.txt item: #23 of 314 id: biotropia-1162 author: Mahfudh, Nurkhasanah title: INTERLEUKIN LEVELS IN THE Zingiber cassumunar-TREATED MICE date: 2021-08-13 words: 4113 flesch: 50 summary: A B Interleukin levels in the Zingiber cassumunar treated mice – Nurkhasanah et al. 113 Figure 2 Immunocytochemistry of IL-10 expression in macrophage cells after beign treated with ethanol extract of Zingiber cassumunar which was observed with 400x magnification: (a) macrophage with no expression of interleukin; and (b) macrophage with positive expression of interleukin Table 1 Volatile constituents of essential oils isolated from leaf and rhizome of Zingiber cassumunar Roxb. keywords: cassumunar; cells; eezc; et al; expression; extract; il-10; mice; treatment; zingiber cache: biotropia-1162.pdf plain text: biotropia-1162.txt item: #24 of 314 id: biotropia-117 author: KHAN, A.G. title: EFFECTS OF VARIOUS SOIL ENVIRONMENTAL STRESSES ON THE OCCURRENCE, DISTRIBUTION AND EFFECTIVENESS OF VA MYCORRHIZAE date: 2011-11-15 words: 2388 flesch: 51 summary: VAM fungi become non-functional in these habitats when the soil is saturated for extended 40 Effects of various soil environmental stresses - A.G. Khan periods of time (Liberia et al. 1983). The reports of the presence of VAM under waterlogged conditions may be related to the (1) internal oxygen transport from the stem to the root due to presence of aerenchyma, (2) the oxygen release from the roots of large trees to support VAM fungi, (3) strains of VAM fungi in the sediments that can withstand highly reduced habitats, or (4) a combination of all these factors. keywords: fungi; growth; khan; mycorrhizal; plants; soil; vam cache: biotropia-117.pdf plain text: biotropia-117.txt item: #25 of 314 id: biotropia-1174 author: Sutomo, Sutomo title: NATURAL HABITAT OF BALI STARLING (Leucopsar rothschildi) IN BALI BARAT NATIONAL PARK, INDONESIA date: 2021-08-13 words: 5795 flesch: 57 summary: Therefore, this study aimed to: 1. describe the current distribution of Bali starling and characterize its habitat structure at the Bali Barat National Park in terms of its plant community structure and composition, and 2. assess the cover and greenness index (NDVI) to quantify the dynamics of vegetation cover in these habitat areas; and 3), assess the degree of recent habitat changes broadly affecting the Bali starling species at Bali Barat National Park (BBNP). Unlike similar areas, i.e., Brumbun with its Acacia leucophloea, that have Bali Starling (Leucopsar rotschildi) Natural Habitat Structure in Bali Barat – Sutomo and van Etten 125 been successfully re-colonized by Bali starling in recent times. keywords: bali; barat; bird; brumbun; cekik; cover; forest; habitat; national; ndvi; park; plant; savanna; species; starling; tree; vegetation cache: biotropia-1174.pdf plain text: biotropia-1174.txt item: #26 of 314 id: biotropia-118 author: SMITH, F.A.; SMITH, S.E. title: NUTRIENT TRANSFER IN VESICULAR-ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAS: A NEW MODEL BASED ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF ATPases ON FUNGAL AND PLANT MEMBRANES date: 2011-11-15 words: 3156 flesch: 50 summary: P transfer can be explained by breakdown (digestion) of arbuscules, releasing P to the host. The arbuscules may indeed play a major role in P transfer. keywords: interface; mycorrhizas; smith; transfer; transport cache: biotropia-118.pdf plain text: biotropia-118.txt item: #27 of 314 id: biotropia-1180 author: Hartati, Retno; Ambariyanto, Ambariyanto; Zainuri, Muhammad; Widianingsih, Widianingsih title: SEA RANCHING OF Holothuria atra: STOCKING DENSITY AND TIME date: 2021-08-13 words: 5333 flesch: 52 summary: Sea cucumbers mainly eat microphytobenthos (algal epiphyte) (Paga´n- Jime´nez et al. 2019) and bacteria (Lavitra 2010b) and the presence of sunlight reaching the bottom of the waters will support rapid growth of microphytobenthos which in turn will support sea cucumber growth (MacTavish et al. 2012). 28 No. 2, 2021: 128 - 140 DOI: 10.11598/btb.2021.28.2.1180 128 SEA RANCHING OF Holothuria atra: STOCKING DENSITY AND TIME RETNO HARTATI1*, AMBARIYANTO1, MUHAMMAD ZAINURI2, AND WIDIANINGSIH1 1Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Diponegoro, Kampus Tembalang, Semarang 50275, Indonesia 2Department of Oceanography, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Diponegoro, Kampus Tembalang, Semarang 50275, Indonesia Received 28 December 2018/Accepted 28 January 2020 ABSTRACT Strong market demand, uncontrolled exploitation and/or the inadequate fisheries resource management have caused the overexploitation of sea cucumbers. keywords: atra; cages; cucumber; density; et al; fission; growth; hartati; individuals; month; sea; stocking; stocking density cache: biotropia-1180.pdf plain text: biotropia-1180.txt item: #28 of 314 id: biotropia-119 author: KRAMADIBRATA, K.; RIYANTI, E.I.; SIMANUNGKALIT, R.D.M. title: ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI FROM THE RfflZOSPHERES OF SOYBEAN CROPS IN LAMPUNG AND WEST JAVA*) date: 2011-11-15 words: 2257 flesch: 64 summary: Collections examined: KRS#4, KRS#7, and KRS#17, New Sukadana Village, Sukadana Subdistrict, Central Lampung District; KRS#45, KRS#46, KRS#47, and KRS#52, Gantiwarno Village, Pekalongan Subdistrict, Central Lampung district. Collections examined: KRS#41, KRS#42, KRS#43, KRS#44 and KRS#53, Gantiwarno Village, Pekalongan Subdistrict, Central Lampung District; KRS#82, Experimental Farm Cikeumeuh I, Bogor; KRS#83, Experimental Farm Muara I, Bogor; KRS#94 and KRS#98, Experimental Farm Muara II, Bogor. 33 BIOTROPIA No. 8, 1995 2. keywords: central; collections; district; lampung; spores; wall cache: biotropia-119.pdf plain text: biotropia-119.txt item: #29 of 314 id: biotropia-120 author: LEE Su SEE, LEE Su SEE title: SOURCES OF MYCORRHIZAL INFECTION OF SHOREA ACUMINATA SEEDLINGS UNDER LABORATORY CONDITIONS*) date: 2011-11-15 words: 2162 flesch: 56 summary: This study set out to determine whether dipterocarp seedlings could continue to grow and develop in the absence of mycorrhizas and also to determine possible sources of mycorrhizal infection of dipterocarp seedlings raised under laboratory conditions using Shorea acuminata as a typical example. (1988) reported that dipterocarp seedlings could not be successfully raised in the nursery in East Kalimantan and that seedlings transplanted into secondary forest usually died. keywords: dipterocarp; infection; mycorrhizal; seedlings; soil; water cache: biotropia-120.pdf plain text: biotropia-120.txt item: #30 of 314 id: biotropia-121 author: SUDHAKARA REDDY, M.; NATARAJAN, K. title: EFFECTS OF PISOLITHUS TINCTORIUS AND LACCARIA FRATERNA ON THE GROWTH AND MYCORRfflZAL DEVELOPMENT OF PINUSPATULA SEEDLINGS*) date: 2011-11-15 words: 2385 flesch: 58 summary: Laccaria fraterna and P. tinctorius did not differ significantly in improving the growth and mycorrhizal development of P. patula seedlings in the nursery. Inoculation of these two fungi resulted in the production of ectomycorrhizas and increase in growth of P. patula seedlings when compared to uninoculated seedlings. keywords: fraterna; fungi; growth; seedlings; soil; tinctorius cache: biotropia-121.pdf plain text: biotropia-121.txt item: #31 of 314 id: biotropia-122 author: AGGANGAN, BERNIE DELL, NELLY S. title: EFFECTS OF SOIL STERILIZATION ON THE FORMATION AND FUNCTION OF TWO STRAINS OF PISOLITHUS TINCTORIUS ON EUCALYPTUS UROPHYLLA*) date: 2011-11-15 words: 4156 flesch: 56 summary: In Pangasinan soil, root colonization by H445 was significantly greater in non-sterile soil than in sterile soil. Heights and fine root dry weight in partly sterile soil were intermediate and these were not significant compared with those in sterile soil as well as those in non-sterile soil. keywords: growth; h445; h615; height; inoculation; mycorrhizal; pisolithus; root; seedlings; soil cache: biotropia-122.pdf plain text: biotropia-122.txt item: #32 of 314 id: biotropia-123 author: B. SALLEH, B. SALLEH; SAFINAT, A.; JULIA, L.; TEO, C.H. title: BROWN SPOT CAUSED BY CURVULARIA SPP., A NEW DISEASE OF ASPARAGUS date: 2011-11-15 words: 2841 flesch: 62 summary: pallescens Conidia straight or curved, sometimes have triradiate stauroconidia, 14-28 x 7-13 (im .............................................................................................. lunata Pathogenicity test Pathogenicity tests showed that all isolates of the four Curvularia species obtained from asparagus showing brown spot symptoms in Malaysia were pathogenic to both varieties of asparagus i.e. MW and UC 157 tested. Reisolation from artificially infected ferns showing brown spot symptoms yielded only the pathogens that were used for inoculation. keywords: asparagus; brown; curvularia; malaysia; spot; spp cache: biotropia-123.pdf plain text: biotropia-123.txt item: #33 of 314 id: biotropia-124 author: HAJI MOHAMED, M. A; BAKI,, BAKI; BAKAR, B.; WATI, H. NOORMA title: THE GENUS MIMOSA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TOM. QUADRIVALVIS L. VAR. LEPTOCARPA (D.C.) EARNEDY, A NEW SPECIES RECORD FOR THE WEED FLORA IN MALAYSIA*) date: 2011-11-15 words: 2701 flesch: 72 summary: Plot size,number of transects and quadrats transects employed in pattern analysis of plant population of Mimosa species 39 BIOTROPIA No. 9, 1996 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Pattern of distribution Figure 1 illustrates the extent of infestation of the four species of Mimosa in Peninsular Malaysia. Key to Mimosa species in Peninsular Malaysia 1. keywords: distribution; leaflets; mimosa; pigra; quadrivalvis; species cache: biotropia-124.pdf plain text: biotropia-124.txt item: #34 of 314 id: biotropia-125 author: MEGUMI KASUYA, MARIA CATARINA title: GROWTH INHIBITION OF PATHOGENIC ROOT FUNGI BY EXTRACTS OF ECTOMYCORRHIZAL FUNGI OR Picea glehnii INOCULATED WITH ECTOMYCORRHIZAL FUNGI* date: 2011-11-15 words: 3133 flesch: 53 summary: The results of this study although not field tested suggest that inoculation of ecto- mycorrhizal fungi even when the association with the host plant is not established, may protect plants from pathogenic fungi by production of antibiotic substances. BIOTROPIA No. 9, 1996: 53 - 61 GROWTH INHIBITION OF PATHOGENIC ROOT FUNGI BY EXTRACTS OF ECTOMYCORRHIZAL FUNGI OR Picea glehnii INOCULATED WITH ECTOMYCORRHIZAL FUNGI* MARIA CATARINA MEGUMI KASUYA Dep. de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Vicosa, Vicosa, MG, 36570-000, Brazil SATOSHI TAHARA Dept. of Applied Bioscience, Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060, Japan and TSUNEO IGARASHI Dept. of Forest Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060, Japan ABSTRACT This work sought to verify the presence of compounds with antimicrobial properties in extracts of ectomycorrhizal fungi or in Picea glehnii inoculated with ectomycorrhizal fungi. keywords: compounds; ectomycorrhizal; extracts; fungi; inhibition; paper cache: biotropia-125.pdf plain text: biotropia-125.txt item: #35 of 314 id: biotropia-126 author: S.DHARMAPUTRA, O title: FUNGI ISOLATED FROM GROUNDNUTS IN SOME LOCATIONS OF WEST JAVA date: 2011-11-15 words: 2996 flesch: 60 summary: The percentages of kernels infected by A. wentii in samples collected from Cidolog and Sukabumi were between 30-100% and 36-100%, respectively, while those of kernels infected by A. nigerin samples collected from Cianjur and Bogor were between 34-93% and 14-98%, respectively. The percentages of infected kernels collected from the three localities were between 41 - 100%, 36 - 96% and 83 -100%, respectively. keywords: bogor; flavus; fungi; kernels; samples; season cache: biotropia-126.pdf plain text: biotropia-126.txt item: #36 of 314 id: biotropia-127 author: H. BURNELL, ROBERT title: NATURAL PRODUCTS IN ORGANIC SYNTHESIS date: 2011-11-15 words: 3805 flesch: 59 summary: To investigate this possiblity we selected another relatively simple compound, methyl nim- 10 Natural products in organic synthesis - Robert H. Bumell bionone 44 to experiment with this enantiomeric style of synthesis. 12 Natural products in organic synthesis - Robert H. Burnell Employing roughly the same steps as in the methyl nimbinone sequence (above), the intermediate 45 was cyclized to compound 46 and the two oxygen functions were introduced to afford a product which showed all the spectroscopic attributes of methyl nimbionone 47 (Dumont 1993). keywords: burnell; left; methyl; product; right; structure; synthesis cache: biotropia-127.pdf plain text: biotropia-127.txt item: #37 of 314 id: biotropia-1274 author: Campos, Ron Patrick Cuagdan; Jacob, James Kennard Sanz title: BIOCONTROL POTENTIAL OF ENDOPHYTIC Aspergillus spp. AGAINST Fusarium verticillioides date: 2021-08-13 words: 3417 flesch: 49 summary: A. niger inhibited F. verticillioides by 47.37%, followed by A. tamarii (41.02%) and A. terreus (27.91%). 28 No. 2, 2021 146 Figure 2 Antagonism of F. verticillioides with A. tamarii (A, D), A. terreus (B, E) and A. niger (C, F); Microscopic hyphal interactions of A. tamarii and F. verticillioides (G) and A. niger (H) with F. verticillioides CONCLUSION The three Aspergillus endophytes, namely A. tamarii, A. terreus and A niger isolated from the foliar segments of Plectranthus amboinicus restricted the growth of Fusarium verticillioides and the mechanisms involved overgrowth and antibiosis. keywords: aspergillus; endophytes; fungi; fusarium; growth; niger; tamarii; terreus; verticillioides cache: biotropia-1274.pdf plain text: biotropia-1274.txt item: #38 of 314 id: biotropia-1276 author: Hasan, Veryl; Soemarno, Soemarno; Widodo, Maheno Sri; Wiadnya, Dewa Gede Raka title: Beardless Barb Cyclocheilichthys apogon (Valenciennes, 1842) (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) in Madura Island, Indonesia date: 2021-12-27 words: 1550 flesch: 58 summary: As reported in this paper, C. apogon was recently sighted in Lembung River, Madura Island, thereby widening the previously known distribution range of this species. MATERIALS A N D METHODS Nineteen (19) live specimens of C. apogon were obtained from local fishermen during a fieldwork carried out on 22 - 23 March 2019 in Lembung River (7O02'21 S, 113°46'35 E) (Fig. 1). keywords: apogon; indonesia; island; java; madura; river cache: biotropia-1276.pdf plain text: biotropia-1276.txt item: #39 of 314 id: biotropia-1277 author: Bobihoe, Julistia title: AGRONOMIC TRAITS OF LOCAL WETLAND RICE VARIETIES IN JAMBI PROVINCE date: 2021-08-13 words: 4087 flesch: 59 summary: i c e cultivation of the country’s very diverse genetic resources of local rice varieties. Among the various wetland agroecosystems (irrigation, rainfed and swamp) in Jambi Province, the swampland agroecosystems are the widest, comprising some 137,132 ha with the swampland area occupying 25,157 ha currently planted with local rice varieties (CPM 2016). keywords: development; grains; number; panicle; plant; rice; varieties; variety; weight; yield cache: biotropia-1277.pdf plain text: biotropia-1277.txt item: #40 of 314 id: biotropia-1278 author: Hasan, Veryl; Faqih, Abdul Rahem; Maftuch, Maftuch title: THE RANGE EXPANSION OF Parachromis managuensis (GÜNTHER, 1867) (PERCIFORMES, 4 CICHLIDAE) IN JAVA, INDONESIA date: 2020-05-06 words: 1601 flesch: 61 summary: The collecting point of Parachromis managuensis at the Karangkates Reservoir in East Java Province Fish Identification The morphological characters of the fish specimens were determined by using the methods employed by Kullander and Hartel (1997) and Bussing (1998). BIOTROPIA Vol. 29 No. 1, 2022 92 Figure 2 Specimen of Parachromis managuensis captured on 8 January 2019 in Karangkates Reservoir, East Java Province Distribution The discovery of P. managuensis in Karangkates Reservoir is the first record of this species in East Java Province. keywords: east; fish; indonesia; java; karangkates; managuensis; parachromis; province; reservoir cache: biotropia-1278.pdf plain text: biotropia-1278.txt item: #41 of 314 id: biotropia-128 author: PAL BHATIA, NAVEEN; ADHOLEYA, ALOK; VERMA, ANJALI title: INFLUENCE OF MEDIA GELLING AGENTS ON ROOT BIOMASS AND IN VITRO VA-MYCORRfflZAL SYMBIOSIS OF CARROT WITH GIGASPORA MARGARITA date: 2011-11-15 words: 3947 flesch: 61 summary: Taking these observations into account, the present study was undertaken to optimize the level of some of the major elements, which are known to help in root growth and eventually improve in vitro culture conditions towards a more stronger symbiosis USA) and classified on the basis of rate of root growth, (Table 1) as A=Fast (root growth > 2 cm/day), B=Moderate (root growth 1-2 cm/day), and C=Slow (root growth < 1 cm/day). keywords: agents; becard; biomass; growth; medium; mycorrhizal; phytagel; root; symbiosis; vitro cache: biotropia-128.pdf plain text: biotropia-128.txt item: #42 of 314 id: biotropia-1280 author: Adelina, Rasmita -; Suliansyah, irfan; Syarif, Auzar; -, Warnita - title: SULFATE AMMONIUM FERTILIZER ON THE OFF-SEASON PRODUCTION OF SNAKE FRUIT (Salacca sumatrana Becc.) date: 2021-08-13 words: 5480 flesch: 55 summary: The lack of influence of ammonium sulfate fertilization suggested that drip irrigation alone can meet certain needs of Sidimpuan snake fruit plants. The average percentage of fruit set, number of flower bunches, fruit and number of harvested fruit bunches with drip irrigation treatment and different dosages of ammonium sulfate fertilizer applied in April - June and July - September 2018 Treatment Fruit Set (%) Number of bunches Number of harvested fruit bunches Flower Fruit Apr-Jun Jul - Sept Apr-Jun Jul- keywords: ammonium; bunches; drip; fertilization; fertilizer; fruit; irrigation; number; plant; production; season; snake; sulfate cache: biotropia-1280.pdf plain text: biotropia-1280.txt item: #43 of 314 id: biotropia-129 author: E. PADERES, DANILO title: INFLUENCE OF MOISTURE CONTENT AND LENGTH OF STORAGE ON FUNGAL INVASION OF PADDY RICE *) date: 2011-11-15 words: 3765 flesch: 64 summary: Moisture Content The high constant temperature oven method of determining seed moisture content based on the International Seed Testing Association rules (1976) was used. BIOTROPIA No. 10,1996:1 -13 INFLUENCE OF MOISTURE CONTENT AND LENGTH OF STORAGE ON FUNGAL INVASION OF PADDY RICE *) DANILO E. PADERES College of Agriculture, Department of Crop Protection Central Luzon State University, Nueva Ecija, Philippines T.W. MEW Department of Plant Pathology, International Rice Research Institute College, Laguna, Philippines LINA L. ILAG College of Agriculture, Department of Plant Pathology University of the Philippines, College, Laguna, Philippines ABSTRACT The relationship of moisture content and storage period to fungal population, seed germination, grain whiteness and translucency was determined. keywords: christensen; content; fungi; germination; moisture; moisture content; rice; storage cache: biotropia-129.pdf plain text: biotropia-129.txt item: #44 of 314 id: biotropia-1296 author: ShikhMaidin, Mashitah Shikh title: ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS ON THE REPRODUCTION OF NON-HUMAN PRIMATES date: 2021-08-13 words: 4618 flesch: 52 summary: Therefore, the survival, conservation and sustainability of nonhuman primates growing in captivity and in the wild, require more works and researches to be done. The populations of nonhuman primates are disturbed by human population growth, economic expansion and other human activities, such as those in the agricultural industry. keywords: 2013; animals; change; climate; effects; et al; factors; food; heat; population; pregnancy; primates; reproduction; species; stress; temperature cache: biotropia-1296.pdf plain text: biotropia-1296.txt item: #45 of 314 id: biotropia-1297 author: Ridwan, Ahmad; Awaludin, Awaludin title: KARAMUNTING (Melastoma malabathricum) EXTRACTS ON WHITE SHRIMP (Litopenaeus vannamei) MATURITY date: 2021-08-13 words: 3337 flesch: 53 summary: Gonad maturity in white shrimp is influenced by two antagonistic hormones, namely Gonad Inhibitng Hormone (GIH), which is synthesized in the X sinus organ glands (XO-SG) in the eye and Gonad Stimulating Hormone (GSH) produced by the brain and chest ganglion. The materials used in this study include karamunting (Melastoma malabathricum) ethanol extract, mature individuals of white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei), feed, formalin, xylol, 100% ethanol, distilled water, paraffin, picric acid, and eosin. keywords: control; extract; karamunting; kg bw; oocytes; shrimp; white cache: biotropia-1297.pdf plain text: biotropia-1297.txt item: #46 of 314 id: biotropia-130 author: M. BucruANON1, ELISA title: INFLUENCE OF INSECT AND SEED SAMPLE SIZE AND HEAT TREATMENT ON THE INFESTATION OF CALLOSOBRUCHVS CHINENS1S (L.) ON MUNGBEAN, VIGNA RADIATA (L) Wilczek *) date: 2011-11-15 words: 4202 flesch: 63 summary: Seed samples (s) Oviposition period (o) v x b 1 3 3 2 3 462.05** 36.94** 41.04** 2.63ns 15.3** 2720.19** 225.18** 181.54** <1 ns 83.87** 4217.7** 4.1** 2.69* <1 ns 4.1** v x s 3 2.43ns 61.64** 2.69* v x o 2 <1 ns <1 ns <1 ns bxs 9 <1 ns 3.57** 1.87ns b x o 6 <1 ns <1 ns 1.23ns s x o 6 2.61* 1.05ns 1.87ns v x b x s 9 <1 ns 1.53ns <1 ns v xb x o 6 <1 ns <1 ns 1.23ns v x s x o 6 <1 ns <1 ns <1 ns b x s x o 18 <1 ns <1 ns <1 ns v x b x sx o 18 <1 ns <1 ns <1 ns Error 192 * = significant at 5% level ** = significant at 1 % level ns = not significant 1 = average of the three replicates 2 = based on data analyzed using the log (x + 1) transformation 3 = based on data analyzed using the Arc sine transformation Four significant interactions involved seed sample size. The effect of seed genotypes and seed sample size was also significant in terms of percent damaged seeds (Fig. 4). keywords: heat; number; sample; seeds; weevil cache: biotropia-130.pdf plain text: biotropia-130.txt item: #47 of 314 id: biotropia-131 author: DHARMAPUTRA, O.S. title: THE EFFECTS OF DRYING AND SHELLING ON ASPERGILLUS FLAWS INFECTION AND AFLATOXIN PRODUCTION OF MAIZE* date: 2011-11-15 words: 4943 flesch: 67 summary: The high level of aflatoxin content in most maize samples could be caused by the methods of handling that were not carried out properly. Aflatoxin content was determined using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method (Rodriquez and Mahoney 1994). keywords: aflatoxin; content; drying; flavus; kernels; m.c; maize; moisture; moisture content; shelling; storage cache: biotropia-131.pdf plain text: biotropia-131.txt item: #48 of 314 id: biotropia-132 author: S.DHARMAPUTRA, OKKY title: THE EFFECTS OF MILLING DEGREE AND TYPE OF BAG ON FUNGAL INFECTION AND SOME CHEMICAL CONTENTS OF STORED MILLED RICE date: 2011-11-15 words: 6138 flesch: 61 summary: The effects of milling degree and type of bag on fungal infection - Okky Setyawad Dhannaputra During storage rice could be infested by insects, mites, microorganisms and rodents. BIOTROPIA No. 10, 1997 : 42-62 THE EFFECTS OF MILLING DEGREE AND TYPE OF BAG ON FUNGAL INFECTION AND SOME CHEMICAL CONTENTS OF STORED MILLED RICE OKKY SETYAWATI DHARMAPUTRA SEAMEOBIOTROP, P.O. Box 116, Bogor, Indonesia, and Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia ABSTRACT The effects of milling degree and type of bag on fungal infection of stored milled rice were investigated together with some chemical contents (glucose, amylose, p rotein and total lipid contents), and changes in moisture content. keywords: bag; bag type; content; duration; fungal; milled; milling degree; rice; storage; type cache: biotropia-132.pdf plain text: biotropia-132.txt item: #49 of 314 id: biotropia-133 author: SETYAWATI DHARMAPUTRA, OKKY; SANTI, SANTI AMBARWATI; INA, INA RETNOWATI title: DIETARY EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT FOR AFLATOXIN B FROM PROCESSED PEANUT PRODUCTS IN MUNICIPALITY OF BOGOR 1 date: 2011-11-16 words: 5602 flesch: 61 summary: Survey of processed peanut product consumption was carried out by interviewing each respondent using a questionnaire of weekly processed peanut product consumption concerning : - the kinds of processed peanut products ( or , , , , , , , or , , , and ) consumed by each respondent during the last one week - the frequency of processed peanut products to be consumed by each respondent during the last week - portion or product number consumed by each respondent during the last week - the location where each respondent bought the processed peanut products - the body weight of each respondent In addition to interviewing each respondent, observation was also conducted to obtain information about the number of processed peanut product sellers found in the surrounding of respondent domiciles. The objectives of this study were to determine the contents of AFB1 in processed peanut products at retail levels, and to obtain information whether there is a risk to public health caused by the consumption of processed peanut products contaminated by AFB1. keywords: afb1; aflatoxin; assessment; bogor; day; exposure; gado; peanut; pecel; products; risk; samples; sauce cache: biotropia-133.pdf plain text: biotropia-133.txt item: #50 of 314 id: biotropia-1333 author: Rai, I Nyoman -; Suada, I Ketut -; Wiraatmaja, I Wayan -; Alit Astiari, Ni Komang - title: Effectiveness of indigenous endomycorrhizal biofertilizer prototype on organic salak (Salacca zalacca) plantations and its effect on nutrient and carbohydrate content of leaves date: 2021-12-27 words: 4401 flesch: 52 summary: Furthermore, the diversity and activity of indigenous endomycorrhizae in plant roots are mainly determined by the type of the host plant (Ningsih et al. 2013; Sadhana 2014), environmental growth factors, such as climate and soil moisture/drought (Hernadi 2012; Quiroga et al. 2017; Mathimaran et al. 2017; I