Posthumous festschrift in honour of late professor R.O. Ezeuko, edited by Dr. Odinye, Egenti & Orji Posthumous festschrift in honour of late professor R.O. Ezeuko, edited by Dr. Odinye, Egenti & Orji 1 NRQ D{KA MGBAAMA N’EJIJE IGBO XFQDX: OBIDIYA, NWATA BULIE NNA YA ELU NA OGBU MMADX NDX NA-AGX Olekaibe Chinenye .C. Federal University of Technology, Owerri XM{ Nd[ Igbo bx nd[ na-anagh[ eji omenaala ha egwu egwu ma bxrxkwa nd[ hxrx nrq d[ka xzq e si ezi ozi bx nke mere ha ji were ya kpqrq ihe. Nke a kpatara na onye Igbo rqq nrq na- edogh[ ya anya, q gawa na dib[a [chqpxta ihe q pxtara. Q na-eme nke a iji gbochie qdachi nwere ike isi na ya pxta ma nabatakwa ihe qma ga-esi na ya pxta. Nke a mere ka ebumnuche nchqcha a bxrx [chqpxta ma nrq q bx mgbaama n’eziokwu, ya na etu a ga-esi amata ama nd[ ahx site n’ihe nd[ mmadx derela n’ejije Igbo. Ihe e ji mee nchqcha a bx akwxkwq ejije Igbo bx nd[ a hqrqla nke gxnyere, Obidiya nke Akqma dere, Nwata bulie nna ya elu nke Nwadike dere na Ogbu Mmadx Ndx na-agx nke Ben Igbokwe dere. Site na nchqcha e mere, a chqpxtara na nd[ Igbo na-eji nrq kpqrq ihe n’eziokwu, na nrq bx ugegbe e ji ahx ihe ga-eme n’qd[niihu, na ihe e ji ama nrq ga-eme eme bx etu o si emetxta n’ahx, na nrq niile a hxrx n’ime akwxkwq qgxgx nd[ a b[ara na mmezu bx nke gos[r[ na nrq so n’otu xzq e si agba ama maka qd[niihu. N’ikpeazx, onye nchqcha chikqtara nchqcha a site n’inye ndxmqdx ka mmadx niile jiri nrq ha kpqrq ihe ka ha nwee ike [gbalahx qdachi nwere ike isi na ya pxta ma nabata nke qma sikwa n’ime ya. Ma nke ka nke bx [kxziri qgbq na-ab[a n’ihu mkpa q d[ iji nrq eme ihe. Qzq abxrx na nd[ odee ugbu a ga-akwalite nrq n’edemede ha ka qgbq nq ugbu a mata ihe ekwe na-akx. MKPQLITE Agxmagx abxgh[ qb[ara qhxrx n’ala Igbo. Q bx ihe ya na Igbo so bido mana ihe d[ iche abxrx na q bx agxmagx qnx ka e nwere tupu qb[b[a nd[ qcha. Q bx nd[ qcha bx nd[ kxziiri any[ etu e si ewere agxmagx qnx a tinye ya n’xzq ederede. Agxmagx nwere ngalaba atq: Abx, Iduuaz[ na Ejije. Chinagqrqm (2013) kqwara Agxmagx d[ ka ederede maqbx ekwurekwu e jiri asxsx chqq mma, nke na-enye qgxx maqbx qnxx obi a]xr[ pxrx iche. Q gakwara n’ihu s[ na agxmagx anagh[ akwxrx ch[m maqbx chakee achakee ma q bxrx na a gbasogh[ usoro na xkpxrx nd[ d[ mma n’itinye ya n’qnqdx o kwes[r[”(pg.6). Okoro (2012) si na Agxmagx bx “echiche miri emi nke mmadx q bxla chere banyere otu isiokwu, ma bia were si na nkqwa asxsx na echiche a echere na-apxta ihe n’xd[ iduazi, ejije na abx (pg.6). Moondy (1982) n’aka nke ya hxrx agxmagx d[ka echiche na-esi n’ime mmadx apxta n’ihi mmas[ mmadx nwere n’[kq akxkq”. Echiche a na-egosi na xd[ akxkq ga-esi mmadx n’ime apxta ga-abx ihe nd[ na-eme na gburugburu ya na etu o si ahx ihe xwa. Ya bx agxmagx bx ugegbe mmadx ji ahx ihe na-eme n’obodo. Ihe nd[ ahx nq n’obodo q na-ahx bx omenaala ya. Nke a mere ka omenaala bxrx qd[bend[, isi a hxrx kwawa okpu ma bxrxkwa isi sekpx nt[ na mba niile nke nd[ Igbo so n’otu n’ime mba nd[ a. Posthumous festschrift in honour of late professor R.O. Ezeuko, edited by Dr. Odinye, Egenti & Orji 2 Kalx (1978) kqwara omenaala dika otx nd[ si ebi ndu ha. Q gakwara n’ihu si na q bx ihe akpachapxrx anya hazie, weputa ma nyekwa qsisa gbasara xzq obibi ndx ndi nwe ya (pg.3). Omego (2006) kqwara omenaala d[ka usoro mmadx kwes[r[ isi akpa agwa bx nke a na- amxta site n’aka nd[ mmadx nq n’obodo ma nyefekwaa ya n’aka nd[ nke na-ab[a n’ihu (pg.169). Nke a na-egosi na ihe niile nd[ Igbo na-eme site n’omenaala bx ihe bidoro na gboo ma bxrxkwa nke nrq so n’otu n’ime ha. Qtxtx nd[ mmadx ekwuola qtxtx ihe banyere nrq. Na nchqcha a, onye nchqcha chqrq [mata ma q bx eziokwu na nrq bx mgbaama ihe ga-eme n’ihu na etu a ga-esi amata ama a. IHE NRQ BX Nrq bx ihe nd[ na-eme na ndx mmadx oge q na-arahx xra maqbx ihe mmadx na ahx n’xra. Ihe nd[ ahx nwere ike [bx ihe ga-enye ya obi a]xr[, [kpasu ya iwe, itinye ya xjq n’ahx n’ime nrq. Mmadx nwere ike [hx qtxtx ihe q na-ahx n’ime xwa na nrq ma q bxkwanx ihe nd[ q na-ahxbegh[ mbx. Mmadx nwekwara ike na-aga qtxtx ebe d[ iche iche na nrq ma ebe q garala mbx n’xwa maqbx ebe nd[ q na-ahxbegh[ kamgbe o ji pxta xwa. Mmadx nwere ike [rqcha nrq teta cheta ya maqbx chefuo. Ihe niile e kere eke na-arq nrq ma mmadx ma anxqh[a. Q bxrx na [ hxtxla nk[ta ebe q na-ehi xra [ ga-aghqta ihe m na- ekwu. Oge xfqdx o meghar[a xkwx ma q bx aka ya ma q bxkwanx welie qdx ya elu nke na-egosi ihe nd[ q na-eme n’ime nrq. Etu ahxkwa ka q d[ na mmadx. Mmadx nwere ike isi n’ime nrq tiri mkpu, tipxta na mpxta maqbx n’[he. Nrq bx ihe mmadx na-amagh[ maka ya ruo mgbe q ga-ezute ya n’xra. Nrq bx ihe na-eme n’ime mmxq bx nke kpatara na oge xfqdx mmadx anagh[ enwe ike nke aka ya iji zqpxta onwe ya n’ihe qjqq xfqdx na-adakwas[ mmadx na nrq maqbx hapx ime ihe q chqgh[ ime. Nke a mere Igbo ji na-ekwu okwu s[ na nrq bx onye nzuzu. Akwxkwq nsq so n’otu ihe ji nrq kwara ngwa qrx. Chukwu na-esite na nrq ekpughere nd[ mmadx qtxtx ihe d[ka o meere Josef nwa Jekqp bx onye a kpqrq onye qkanrq bx onye xmxnne ya jiri iwe refuo n’ala Ijiptu ma o mechara bxrx pra[m minista d[ka o si rqq na nrq. (Genesis 37:5). Qfqmata (2004) si na nrq bx njete aka mmadx na-ejete n’ime xra q na-arahx nke onye ahx ga-anqzi n’ime ya na-ahxzi onwe ya ebe qzq, n’xd[r[ qnqdx ihe d[ka nrq (pg.241). Q gakwara n’ihu s[ na nrq d[ xzq atq, nrq qma, nrq qjqq na nrq [ba. Nrq qma bx xd[r[ nrq q na-abx mmadx nqrq n’ime ya, q na-ahxta onwe ya n’etiti ihe qma. Nrq qjqq bx qnqdx qjqq, qdachi qjqq, izuzu qjqq nakwa mmegide qjqq na-adakwas[ mmadx oge q nq na nrq ebe nrq [ba bx xd[ nrq mmadx na-arq oge q na-ar[a qr[a [ba. Eziqcha (2001) kqwara nrq d[ka q natara chi, q s[ na nrq bx ebe mmadx, Chukwu na nd[ mmxq ozi na-enwe mmekqr[ta ma bxrxkwa xzq mmadx na-esi anata ozi site na chi. Q kpqrq nke a nrq ime mmxq (pg. 23) Baddeley (1980) kwuru na ndx na-anagh[ arq nrq bx ndx mmehie. (P. 105). Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary (1948) kqwara nrq d[ka emume ma q bx mmetxta na-eme na ndx mmadx oge q nq n’xra. American Heritage Dictionary of English Language kqwara nrq d[ka echiche maqbx mmetxta na-aba n’obi mmadx n’amagh[ ama oge mmadx na-ehi xra (pg. 354). Posthumous festschrift in honour of late professor R.O. Ezeuko, edited by Dr. Odinye, Egenti & Orji 3 Domhott (2002) kqwara nrq d[ka ihe na-eme n’ime mmxq. Q s[ na nrq na-ebido n’ihe enwegh[ ihe q bx tupu q banye na nd[ gbara qkpxrxkpx. Q gakwara n’ihu s[ na nrq nwere xd[ d[ iche iche nke gxnyere iyi egwu, ihe mgbagwoju anya, [ga njem nchqpxta na inwe mmekqr[ta nwoke na nwaany[. O mechiri okwu ya site n’[s[ na onye na-arq nrq enwegh[ ike n’ebe nrq q na-arq d[. NKWENYE ND{ IGBO BANYERE NRQ Nd[ Igbo kwenyere na nrq. Nke a mere ha ji ahx nrq d[ka xzq e si anata ozi n’aka nd[ichie lara mmxq ma q bx nd[ mmxq n’onwe ha. Nd[ Igbo anagh[ eji nrq egwu egwu qkachas[ mgbe ha rqrq ihe qjqq na nrq. Osuagwu (1981) s[ “Nd[ Igbo nwere nkwenye d[ iche iche na-eme ka qtxtx nd[ mmadx na-eje na dib[a wee chxq aja d[ iche iche mgbe ha rqchara nrq. Xfqdx nrq nd[ a bx anx qh[a [chx mmadx qsq na nrq. Ha kwenyere na onye anxqh[a chxrx qsq na nrq na q bx ihe siri ike ga-ezute onye ahx. Q bxrx na mmadx ekpokqta ego na nrq, e nwere nkwenye na onye ahx ga-atxfu efo”. Echiche a gos[r[ na nd[ Igbo ji nrq kpqrq ihe n’ihi na ha kwenyere n’xd[ nrq mmadx rqrq na-egosi xd[ ihe ga-adakwas[ onye ahx. Nke a mere na mgbe q bxla onye Igbo rqrq nrq qjqq, o teta n’isi xtxtx, o hie aka n’isi ya, gbapx xlxaka, gbxpx asq mmiri s[ Chineke ekwekwala ihe qjqq tupu q mara ihe qzq q ga-eme n’ihi na Igbo na-ekwu okwu s[ na-ekwe na mmadx bx ekwe na mmxq. Ma q bxrx ihe qma, q ga-atxrx nd[ichie obodo ha mmanya ka ihe qma ahx rute ya aka. NRO DIKA ESI HX YA N’ EJIJE IGBO XFQDX Obidiya Obidiya (Akqma, 1977) malitere site n’[kqrq any[ maka esemokwu d[ n’etiti Qnxma na Oriakx. Esemokwu a malitere mgbe Oriakx bx onye hxrx onwe ya d[ka onye kpatara ego chqrq [nara Qnxma ala ya n’ihi na o nwegh[ ego. E buuru okwu a gaa xlqikpe. Mgbe e kpechara ya, ikpe laara Qnxma ma Oriakx jxrx iwere ihe majistreti kpere n’ikpe, ]xq iyi na ya ga egbu Qnxma n’xzq egbe na mma. Tupu nke a emee, Obidiya bx nwunye Qnxma rqrq nrq were kqqrq di ya. Q kqqrq ya nke a mgbe ya na di ya na-akpar[ta xbxbq banyere nd[ enyi di ya, di ya chqrq [ga leta. Obidiya: Q gagh[ abx ugbu a. Ala d[ qkx, Oriakx nwere ike izi nd[ mmadx ka ha chee g[ n’xzq gbuo g[. Echefuela m [ kqrq g[ otu nrq m rqrq nwanne echi gara aga. Qnxma: { rqrq g[n[? Obidiya: Q na-eme m ka q bx na mmadx ka q bx na nrq. { nq na- asa ahx, sachaa, na-abq isi. Dimkpa mmadx atq abata ebe ahx, bulie okpiri kxq g[, [ daa n’ala na-agba s[kq s[kq. Ha emie ala. Etiri m mkpu. Nd[ mmadx aza. Qnxma: Nrq a d[ njq, mana onye e ji rqq nrq abxgh[ onye ihe a rqrq na-eme (ihu 5- 6) N’akwxkwq a, Qnxma kwetere na nrq a d[ njq ma o nwegh[ ihe o ji ya kpqrq. Posthumous festschrift in honour of late professor R.O. Ezeuko, edited by Dr. Odinye, Egenti & Orji 4 NWATA BULIE NNA YA ELU Nwata bulie nna ya elu (Nwadike 1992) malitere site n’[kqwa ezinaxlq Iloka na qb[b[a Onyenkuzi nwa ya bx Emuka b[ara ikpesa maka agwa Emuka n’xlqakwxkwq. N’agbanyegh[ ar[r[q nne Emuka bx Ahxdiya r[qrq nwa ya ka q gbanwee agwa mana ar[r[q ya am[tagh[ mkpxrx q bxla. Otu xbqch[ Emuka si qrx na-alqta wee zute nd[ enyi ya abxq, Okoroigwe na Madxmere bx nd[ mere ka q ghqta na xd[ ndx q na-ebi n’xlq nna ya abxgh[ ihe kwes[r[ ya. Nke a mere ka Emuka nwee mkpebi na ya ga-agwa nna ya ka o nye ya akxnaxba nke ruuru ya ka ya wee nwee ike itinye isi ebe qkx na-enwu n’elu gaa biri ndx etu q mas[r[ ya. Nna ya mechara nye ya ego nke ya. Q wee tinye isi n’obodo a na-akpq Ogbund[qma ebe ya na xmxnwaany[ na nd[ otu senti bqtxlx nqrq kpqq akx nna ya qkx. Mgbe ego ya gwxrx, Emuka gara were qrx [zx xmx anx n’aka otu onye qgaranya nq n’obodo Ogbund[qma. Ka ya n’ihe xwa nqzi na-ekwe n’aka ka nna ya Iloka rqrq nrq gbasara ya. (N’xlq Iloka q nq n’xra, rqq nrq ebe q hxrx Emuka nwa ya) Iloka: (na nrq) Emuka Emuka a a . Q bx qsq ka [ na-agba? { gbarachaa, { lqta A na-agbalahi otule n’qsq? Ma ka m jxqkwa g[; Kedx nke [ d[zi etu a? Kedx nke [ tachara ahx etu a taba n’qkpxkpx? { na-erikwa nri? Uwe q gwxla n’ah[a? Ncha q gwxla n’ah[a? Q q g[n[? Ego m bunyere g[ q gwxla? ya gwxla, lqtanx maka na mmehie ad[gh[ mgbaghara anagh[ ad[. A na-ajx nwa ajx? ya ka nd[ ala any[ ji aza aha Ajxnwa E jirichaa otu aka tie nwata ihe, e jiri aka nke qzq dubata ya, hichaa ya anya. Lqtawa, Ejikwala anya ihere anwx. Q bxrx na [ mxrxla akq, Lqtawa b[a bara onwe g[ uru Ezinaxlq m bx nke g[ Lqtawa maka gidigidi bx ugwu eze (O teta, chakas[a anya, chqpxta na ya nq n’nrq) (ihu 59-60) Posthumous festschrift in honour of late professor R.O. Ezeuko, edited by Dr. Odinye, Egenti & Orji 5 Ka Iloka rqchara nrq, nwunye ya bx Ahxdiya rqkwara nrq nke ya. Ahxdiya: Di m, chefuo ihe nd[ mere mgbe ahx cheta na q d[gh[ mgbe q bxla obi nwa anagh[ eti nne. Biko di m, Olee ihe a ga-eme? Obi agbawaala m. Naan[ nrq qjqq nrq qjqq ka m na-arq gbasara ya bx nwata N’abal[ arqrq m ya nrq ebe o tukwu n’ukwu osisi, mmiri ana-ama ya. Q kwxs[gh[ ebe ahx Q nqkwa na-ar[q ar[r[q nri, na-ebeku g[ bx nna ya Biko Olee ihe any[ ga-eme? (ihu 63-64) OGBU MMADX NDX NA-AGX Nke a bx ejije si n’aka Igbokwe (1995) bx nke malitere site n’[kqrq any[ xd[ nrq Mama Obodo rqrq bx onye na-achqgh[ ka nwa ya hapx [lx nwaany[ q chqrq ka q lxq. Mama Obodo: (na-ata atx) Ama m ihe na-atx m egwu oge q bxla m rqrq xd[ nrq a, Anagh[ m arqcha nrq ya aghara imezu etu ahx m siri rqq ya (ya amaa xsx gbaa aka ya) Txf[a! Nwannxnnx ahx na-abx ya bee mmadx anwxq ebezila qzq. Ihe a bx kpqmkwem xd[ nrq ahx m rqrq nke kpatara qnwx di m nke ahx bx ihe d[ka afq atq gara aga. Nrq a ga-enwer[[r[ ihe ga- ejikq ya na omume edogh[ anya nke Obiqma nwa m na-eme ugbu a. Egwu d[ m, q bxgh[ naan[ m n’ihi na agwq naan[ otu onye hxrx na-abx eke. (ihu P.6.) Posthumous festschrift in honour of late professor R.O. Ezeuko, edited by Dr. Odinye, Egenti & Orji 6 IHE ND{ A CHQPXTARA SITE N’AKWXKWQ EJIJE IGBO A HQQRQ N’ime akwxkwq atq nd[ a, nrq niile a rqrq n’ime ha gbara ama ihe mere n’qd[niihu. Xjq bara n’ime nd[ niile rqrq nrq n’ime akwxkwq atq nd[ a nke mere ha ji chqwa xzq mgbapx ihe a ga-eme gbochie ha ka ha ghara imezu. Nke a pxtara na ha ji ya kpqrq ihe. Obidiya mere nke a site n’igbochi di ya [ga ileta nd[ enyi ya n’xbqch[ q chqrq [ga. Qnxma: Na Sqnde – ah[a, aga m eje ileta nd[ enyi m n’Xmxabal[. Obidiya: Q gagh[ abx ugbu a, ala d[ qkx. Oriakx nwere ike izi nd[ mmadx ka ha chee g[ n’xzq gbuo g[. (ihu 5). Iloka mere nke a site n’[gq qfq maka mgbochi qdachi q bxla. Iloka: Chei! Chukwu daalx ka q bx na nrq Xd[ ihe a m hxrx bxrx na mmadx, nsogbu ad[. Txf[akwa! (ihu 60) (Q gaa bupxta akpa Agwx ya, wepxta qfq gqwa, kxwa n’ala) Chukwu ab[ama Ekwekwala m fuo nga ihe m furu Ekwekwala obi nwambaash[ gbuo nke m. Ekwekwala m da nga ihe m dara. (ihu 61-62) Mama Obodo mere nke a site n’izi ozi ka a kpqqrq ya nwa di ya bx onye o chee na ya ga- esi n’aka ya nweta enyemaaka etu a ga-esi mee ka q d[ mma. Mama Obodo: Biko di m qma gbaghara m maka nsogbu m na-enye g[ Awq anagh[ agba qsq ehihie n’efu Ihe mere ede o jiri bee nw[[ Biko nqrq ala. (ihu 8) Ha niile nwere ihe mmetxta bx nke tinyere ha araume, ezuike n’ahx mere ha jiri chqwa xzq mgbapx, bxkwanx etu e si amata ama a n’ihi na nrq bx ihe mmxq, q bxgh[ ihe anxahx. Nrq niile a b[ara na mmezu. N’Obidiya, Oriakx mechara zie nd[ mmadx ha b[a gbuo Qnxma d[ka Obidiya rqrq na nrq. Qnxma nq n’xlq ya na-abq isi, chepx azx n’ezi. Nd[ ogbu isi abata kxq ya okpiri n’olu, were akwa kechie ya qnx buru ya pxq (ihu 23). Na Nwata bulie nna ya elu Emuka mechara lqta ma q d[ nk[r[ka ka onye ara d[ka Nne na nna ya siri rqq ya na nrq. Iloka: Onye ara q bx, Q s[ nga qbx ebe a a na-agwq Posthumous festschrift in honour of late professor R.O. Ezeuko, edited by Dr. Odinye, Egenti & Orji 7 nd[ ara? (O let[px anya kwuo n’olu d[ elu) B[a, onye ahx o yikwara Emuka nwa m? Emuka: Nnaa Q bx mx o (ihu 65). N’Ogbu mmadx ndx na-agx, nrq Mama Obodo mechara b[a na mmezu. Obiqma nwa ya hapxrx nwany[ nne ya chqrq ka q lxq bx Amarachi gaa lxq Obiageri bx onye gburu ya site n’itinyere ya nsi na nri ya. Obiqma: (N’ihe xfx) Eriri afq m na-achq itibi etibi Chaai, q na-afx m xfx ooo Qb[[[, [ nq ebe ahx? (ihu 72) Obiageri: (]xrxtx mmanya) D[ka m kwuru na mbx, any[ agagh[ echere ka otu afq gafee tupu any[ ebido lebawara akx na xba nd[ a Obiqma hapxrx laa mmxq anya (ihu 77). NCH{KQTA Nchqcha a e mere site n’akwxkwq ejije Igbo nd[ a a hqrqla enyela aka [kqwapxta na nrq abxgh[ ihe a na-akpqnye n’imi n’agbanyegh[ na q bxgh[ nrq niile bx ozi. Qtxtx mgbe ka nrq na-agba ama ihe ga-eme n’qd[niihu mere o ji d[ mkpa na a ga-eji ya kpqrq ihe iji gbochie qdachi nke nrq qjqq nwere ike ibute ma gbaa mbq ka ezi nrq a gbaara ama ya pxta ihe n’ihi na mgbe mmadx na-eme ihe site n’ama a gbaara ya, q d[ ka a gwqqrq ya qgwx. Ndxmqdx – Mmadx niile kwes[r[ iji nrq kpqrq ihe Nd[ odee akwxkwq Igbo ugbu a kwes[r[ itinye uchu n’edemede ha n’ihe gbasara nrq iji wee kxziere qgbq ugbu a na nd[ nke ga-ab[a n’ihu ihe ekwe na-akx. Nd[ okenye kwes[kwara inye aka n’[kxziri xmxaka uru nrq bara n’ihi na o so n’omenaala Igbo. Ka nd[ Igbo ghara [bx nd[ nq na mmiri na-asa ahx ncha na-aba ha anya n’ihi na ihe mmadx na-amagh[, tqrq ya. A txqrq q mara, ya amara… Posthumous festschrift in honour of late professor R.O. Ezeuko, edited by Dr. Odinye, Egenti & Orji 8 NRXMAAKA Akqma, E. (1977). Obidiya. Ibadan: Oxford University Press. Baddeley, A. (Ed) (1980). Academic American Encyclopaedia vol. 13 (15th edition). New York. Castle de van, R. Hall, C. (1966). The Content Analysis of Dreams. New York: Appleton- Century Crofts. Chinagorom, C.L. (2013). Uru Ezi Akanka n’Agxmagx Igbo Ugbu a. Owerri: I.O. Publishers. Domhoff, W. (2002). The Scientific Study of Dreams. APA: Apa Press Dornhoff, G.W. (2005). 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