item: #1 of 158 id: brainmatters-1000 author: Patel, Vraj title: Swearing and the Brain: A Cultural and Emotional Experience date: 2025 words: 1371 flesch: 49 summary: Behavioral studies, brain imaging, and studies focused on brain pathologies have found that the right hemisphere activates during situations involving automatic emotional responses, specifically subcortical regions such as the right amygdala and thalamus, and visual areas such as the superior colliculus and pulvinar Swearing and the Brain: A Cultural and Emotional Experience Vraj Patel Abstract Swearing stems from functions involved in the brain, specifically automatic and emotional swearing. However, in the case of automatic swearing, the mPFC does not perform at its highest capabilities, and “the performance of the inhibitory guards deteriorates and the automatic swearing wins over” (Finkelstein, 2018). keywords: brain; right; swearing; words cache: brainmatters-1000.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1000.txt item: #2 of 158 id: brainmatters-1005 author: Tuvilleja, Kaitlyn title: How the Brain Creates Predictive Models of the Environment date: 2025 words: 1787 flesch: 46 summary: Dissecting the way the brain constructs predictive models of the environment at distinct ages is crucial for developing enhanced educational practices: this paper examines the development of predictive cognitive models from infancy through adulthood using neurological studies, highlighting their implications for enhancing educational strategies and adaptive behaviors. Adult brain learning is also examined through two types: model-free learning (trial and error) and model-based learning (implementing predictive models). keywords: brain; infants; learning; models cache: brainmatters-1005.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1005.txt item: #3 of 158 id: brainmatters-1006 author: Masud, Sarah title: Symphonies vs. Silence: How Does Music Affect Work Performance? date: 2025 words: 1654 flesch: 47 summary: Music use was determined using fifteen questions from Chamorro-Premuzic and Furnham’s 2007 study, which consisted of five questions for each use of music. Age, interestingly, showed a negative relationship to all three uses of music, indicating that music use during work may decrease as people grow older. keywords: music; performance; use cache: brainmatters-1006.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1006.txt item: #4 of 158 id: brainmatters-1007 author: Patel, Vraj title: Dopamine: A Social Neurotransmitter date: 2025 words: 789 flesch: 53 summary: Future research could explore decreased dopamine levels, as seen in some neurological disorders, and their effect on social interactions. Such research could provide information on whether dopamine levels are a factor causing social interactions, or whether they are an output of being social. keywords: dopamine; interactions; vta cache: brainmatters-1007.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1007.txt item: #5 of 158 id: brainmatters-1008 author: Bishka, Michelle title: Brain Matters Board date: 2025 words: 650 flesch: 53 summary: He looks forward to making Brain Matters an inclusive and engaging scientific committee on campus Shireen Aydogan is a senior majoring in Molecular and Cellular Biology on a pre- med track and exploring the possibility of an Arabic and Communications minor. Her favorite thing about being the President of Brain Matters has been meeting new people each semester and sharing her passion for neuroscience. keywords: brain; matters; neuroscience cache: brainmatters-1008.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1008.txt item: #6 of 158 id: brainmatters-1009 author: Bishka, Michelle title: Design Board date: 2025 words: 244 flesch: 44 summary: Outside of Brain Matters, Sarah is also involved in Design Innovation Illinois, the Undergraduate Psychology Association, and Psi Eta Mu, a professional information sciences fraternity. She enjoys drawing, finding new music, and crocheting as well! keywords: design cache: brainmatters-1009.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1009.txt item: #7 of 158 id: brainmatters-1010 author: Bishka, Michelle title: Editors date: 2025 words: 559 flesch: 55 summary: Brain Matters・Volume VII 90 Br ai n M at te rs B oa rd Br ai n M at te rs B oa rd Megan Lu is a Sophomore majoring in Brain & Cognitive Science with a minor in Health Administration and Business. Volume 8 (will be Vol 7 on site) Editors Macy is a freshman at UIUC majoring in Brain and Cognitive Science with minors in Integrative Biology and Music. keywords: brain; matters cache: brainmatters-1010.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1010.txt item: #8 of 158 id: brainmatters-1012 author: Bishka, Michelle title: Brain Matters Writers date: 2025 words: 1165 flesch: 57 summary: Brain Matters fuels her interest in writing and acts as a stepping stone for acquiring the necessary skills to publish her own research in the future, as she builds on her scientific knowledge. Isabelle became involved in Brain Matters to learn more about writing scientific articles and innovations in neuroscience. keywords: brain; hopes; matters; neuroscience cache: brainmatters-1012.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1012.txt item: #9 of 158 id: brainmatters-1014 author: Akindulurni, Joy title: The Use of MRI for the Early Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease date: 2025 words: 1961 flesch: 57 summary: AD symptoms are categorized based on early, moderate or late stages. Progression of the atrophy is also later seen in the Medial Temporal Lobe (MTL) and entorhinal cortex which later results in deficits in executive functioning and memory loss for AD patients. keywords: alzheimer; disease; mri cache: brainmatters-1014.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1014.txt item: #10 of 158 id: brainmatters-1015 author: Bishka, Michelle title: Table of Contents date: 2025 words: 274 flesch: -4 summary: 14 Revolutionizing Treatment: Gene Therapy Offers Hope for Hurler Syndrome Krisha Agarwal...............................................................................17 Unraveling the Links Between Synesthesia and Autism Sarah Masud..................................................................................21 Mesenchymal Stem Cell Regenerative Therapy in the Spine - Recent Advancements and Possible Applications: A Review Harrison Kennedy...........................................................................26 Inside Out: A Brain’s Tale of Introverts and Extraverts Krisha Agarwal...............................................................................33 Optical Illusions: What Are They, and Why Do They Occur? Ananya Sampathkumar....................................................................36 The Interplay of Cognitive and Emotional Control in Autism Spectrum Disorder Kaitlyn Tuvilleja .............................................................................39 Brain Matters・Volume VII i About the Writers..............................................................93 Meet the Board..................................................................85 Understanding Common Personality Disorders: the Neurological Basis of OCD, NPD, and BPD Isabelle Afshari......................................................................52 Swearing and the Brain: A Cultural and Emotional Experience Vraj Patel..............................................................................60 Can Expressing Gratitude Make You Happier & Healthier? Vani Sharma..........................................................................56 The Use of MRI for the Early Prevention of Alzheimer’s Disease Joy Akindulureni....................................................................63 How the Brain Creates Predictive Models of the Environment Glioblastoma Multiforme: Challenges and Advancements in Treatment Casey Meskovich....................................................................42 Practical Applications of The Circadian Rhythm Erin Ford..............................................................................47 Brain Matters・Volume VII ii Kaitlyn Tuvilleja.....................................................................67 Symphonies vs. Silence: How Does Music Affect Work Performance? keywords: brain; music cache: brainmatters-1015.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1015.txt item: #11 of 158 id: brainmatters-1016 author: Sampathkumar, Ananya title: Déjà Vu: What Happens in the Brain date: 2025 words: 2253 flesch: 58 summary: In order to combat this, researchers have come up with multiple theories on where déjà vu takes place, what occurs, and why it actually happens. Researchers have also begun to study mental disorders that involve déjà vu in order to possibly learn more about the elusive experience. keywords: brain; déjà; theory cache: brainmatters-1016.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1016.txt item: #12 of 158 id: brainmatters-1034 author: Nam, Esther title: Impacts of Lifelong Bilingualism on Neurodegenerative Diseases date: 2025 words: 6268 flesch: 47 summary: Active Model - Cognitive Reserve and Compensation The active model currently involves two subtypes of reserve: cognitive reserve and compensation. Cognitive reserve (CR) refers to the way an individual approaches a task in terms of the networks and resources the brain uses in the moment, hence “active.” keywords: bilingualism; brain; cognitive; disease; et al; language; reserve cache: brainmatters-1034.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1034.txt item: #13 of 158 id: brainmatters-1058 author: none title: Table of Contents date: 2025 words: 224 flesch: 18 summary: No. 1 Table of Contents The Impact of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists on the Brain’s Addiction and Satiety Networks Noreen Adoni.....................................................................................1 Impact of Meditation on Brain Function Anika Chandola.................................................................................12 Maternal Microbiota and Immune Interactions in Neurodevelopmental Risk: A Review of Maternal Immune Activation Models Alexander Byrne.................................................................................6 Articles................................................................................ The Potential of Hybrid Models in Alzheimer's Diagnosis: Combining Neural Networks and SVMs for Enhanced Accuracy Rayyan Iqbal.....................................................................................18 Effects of Pregnancy on the Brain and Neuroplasticity Isha Kandlikar..................................................................................24 Adaptive Plasticity of the Colorblind Brain: A Model for Sensory Compensation Yuliia Kohut.....................................................................................30 Interview with Two Professors Brianna Mae Huner...........................................................................36 Amusia: The Science Behind Tone Deafness Emily Aldrich...................................................................................42 The Difference Between Children's Learning Abilities With and Without ADHD Leah Rupp........................................................................................46 keywords: brain; impact cache: brainmatters-1058.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1058.txt item: #14 of 158 id: brainmatters-1059 author: none title: About date: 2025 words: 133 flesch: 59 summary: The journal is mainly written for the college community yet is accessible to anyone as Brain Matters is published in an Open Access format by the University Library at the University of Illinois Urbana- Champaign. About Brain Matters Brain Matters discusses all things neuroscience, psychology, and biology written by UIUC’s very own. keywords: matters cache: brainmatters-1059.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1059.txt item: #15 of 158 id: brainmatters-1060 author: Adoni, Noreen title: The Impact of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists on the Brain’s Addiction and Satiety Networks date: 2025 words: 2697 flesch: 50 summary: Conclusion The abilities of GLP-1 receptor agonists to mimic GLP-1 in individuals with less endogenous GLP-1 secretion, bind to GLP-1 receptors, and relay satiety signals to the hypothalamus to control feeding behavior, are what make these medications highly sought after by individuals seeking weight loss results. uch These results can also be observed when GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are made to bind to GLP-1 receptors, mimicking the effects of GLP-1. keywords: appetite; brain; glp-1; hunger; ras; satiety; weight cache: brainmatters-1060.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1060.txt item: #16 of 158 id: brainmatters-1061 author: Byrne, Alexander title: Maternal Microbiota and Immune Interactions in Neurodevelopmental Risk: A Review of Maternal Immune Activation Models date: 2025 words: 3298 flesch: 36 summary: Galley and collaborators in their 2023 study examined how other stressors impact developing offspring gut microbiomes (Galley et al., 2023). Extending this work, (Galley et al., 2024) studied the effectiveness of probiotic intervention by modulating Bifidobacterium dentium administration during pregnancy (Galley et al., 2024). keywords: antonson; brain; development; et al; immune; infection; mia; offspring cache: brainmatters-1061.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1061.txt item: #17 of 158 id: brainmatters-1062 author: Chandola, Anika title: Impact of Meditation on Brain Function date: 2025 words: 2946 flesch: 44 summary: Specifically, MRI scans revealed that engaging in mindfulness meditation can increase the thickness of the prefrontal cortex, a brain region involved in emotional control and decision-making. The techniques included transcendental meditation, mindfulness meditation, and a breath work relaxation program which were to be practiced twice a day for 20 minutes for 12 weeks. keywords: brain; effects; meditation; mindfulness; stress cache: brainmatters-1062.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1062.txt item: #18 of 158 id: brainmatters-1063 author: Iqbal, Rayyan title: The Potential of Hybrid Models in Alzheimer's Diagnosis: Combining Neural Networks and SVMs for Enhanced Accuracy date: 2025 words: 2850 flesch: 47 summary: In one study using a dataset of healthy individuals, those with early Alzheimer’s, and those with late-stage Alzheimer’s, a CNN model called ResNet-18 achieved an impressive 96.85% accuracy in distinguishing between different stages of the disease based on MRI and PET scans (Odusami et al., 2021). Hybrid Models: Combining Neural Networks and SVMs for Enhanced Accuracy In recent years, hybrid models that combine convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and support vector machines (SVMs) have gained attention in Alzheimer’s disease diagnosis, offering a more comprehensive approach to early detection and classification (Li 2023). keywords: alzheimer; cnns; data; hybrid; models; networks; svms cache: brainmatters-1063.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1063.txt item: #19 of 158 id: brainmatters-1064 author: Kandlikar, Isha title: Effects of Pregnancy on the Brain and Neuroplasticity date: 2025 words: 2791 flesch: 39 summary: Pregnancy brain: The science behind it & tips to help. The plasticity of human maternal brain: Longitudinal changes in brain anatomy during the early postpartum period. keywords: brain; changes; matter; mother; neuroplasticity; postpartum; pregnancy; regulation cache: brainmatters-1064.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1064.txt item: #20 of 158 id: brainmatters-1065 author: Kohut, Yuliia title: Adaptive Plasticity of the Colorblind Brain: A Model for Sensory Compensation date: 2025 words: 3324 flesch: 43 summary: Mechanisms of Color Vision The physiology of color vision is thought to be the same across all species, yet scientists still have much to uncover. At its core, color vision relies on our brain's ability to analyze the energy and frequency of light scattered by an object, using opsins—light-activated protein receptors— embedded in cell membranes of photoreceptor cells. keywords: blindness; brain; color; cortex; individuals; isherwood; light; plasticity; vision cache: brainmatters-1065.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1065.txt item: #21 of 158 id: brainmatters-1066 author: Mae Huner, Brianna title: Interview with Two Professors date: 2025 words: 3070 flesch: 41 summary: An estimated 3-4% of the population suffers from schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Similar to anxiety and depression, which are generally accepted to be experienced both clinically and subclinically, symptoms of schizophrenia spectrum disorder can be observed on a lower impairment level among those who do not fit the criteria for schizophrenia spectrum disorders. keywords: disorders; hippocampus; prof; rhodes; schizophrenia; symptoms cache: brainmatters-1066.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1066.txt item: #22 of 158 id: brainmatters-1067 author: Aldrich, Emily title: Amusia: The Science Behind Tone Deafness date: 2025 words: 1580 flesch: 66 summary: To learn more about the genetic underpinnings of congenital amusia, researchers began to study self-identified amusic individuals who also did poorly on the Montreal Battery of Evaluation of Amusia (MBEA), a test to determine the level of musical capability one has by assessing scale, contour, interval, rhythm, metric, and music memory–all components of music processing (Nunes-Silva & Haase, 2012). Congenital amusia, often referred to as “tone deafness”, is a disorder present at birth that is characterized by the impairment of musical perception. keywords: amusia; brain; doi; music; pmid cache: brainmatters-1067.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1067.txt item: #23 of 158 id: brainmatters-1068 author: Rupp, Leah title: The Difference Between Children's Learning Abilities With and Without ADHD date: 2025 words: 1369 flesch: 51 summary: Conclusion By studying gray matter and GABA, ADHD medication can better target what is exactly causing ADHD. For children six years and younger it is recommended to try behavior therapy rather than start ADHD drugs (Cleveland Clinic, 2023). keywords: adhd; children; cleveland; clinic cache: brainmatters-1068.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1068.txt item: #24 of 158 id: brainmatters-1069 author: Sampathkumar, Ananya title: How Do We Measure Intelligence? date: 2025 words: 1773 flesch: 54 summary: Some examples of IQ tests that have been derived from the Binet-Simon test are the Stanford-Binet test in 1916 (Sternberg & Jarvin, 2015) and the Army Alpha/Army Beta exams used by military generals during World War I (Warne et al. 2019). Several brain scans have shown that IQ scores were correlated with intracranial, cerebral, temporal lobe, hippocampal, and cerebellar volumes, which essentially makes up the entirety of the brain (Goriounova & Mansvelder, 2019). keywords: brain; intelligence; test; wais cache: brainmatters-1069.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1069.txt item: #25 of 158 id: brainmatters-1070 author: Sharma, Vani title: Neural Mechanisms of Smartphone Use, ADHD, and Dopamine Dysregulation: Implications for Cognitive Function and Attention date: 2025 words: 1182 flesch: 28 summary: This article discusses the interaction between dopamine dysregulation caused by smartphone use and neural mechanisms of ADHD, with special reference to cognitive functioning and attentional control. Neural Mechanisms of Smartphone Use, ADHD, and Dopamine Dysregulation: Implications for Cognitive Function and Attention Neuroanatomical Foundations of Attention Dysregulation ADHD and chronic smartphone use have been correlated with structural as well as functional changes within brain regions crucial for attentional control. keywords: adhd; brain; dopamine; smartphone; use cache: brainmatters-1070.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1070.txt item: #26 of 158 id: brainmatters-1071 author: Singh, Navi title: The Effects of Physical Exercise on Memory and Cognitive Functions date: 2025 words: 1183 flesch: 42 summary: In conclusion, the evidence in the current neuroscience literature strongly supports that physical exercise has been shown to enhance memory and cognitive function and also reduce the risk of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s and dementia. Beneficial effects of physical exercise on cognitive- behavioral impairments and brain-derived neurotrophic factor alteration in the limbic system induced by neurodegeneration. keywords: activity; brain; exercise; memory cache: brainmatters-1071.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1071.txt item: #27 of 158 id: brainmatters-1072 author: Srivastava, Pravika title: Survival vs. Cognition: Stress Mechanisms in Humans vs. Animals date: 2025 words: 2090 flesch: 44 summary: How do glucocorticoids influence stress responses? Figure 2 illustrates this process, showing how animals pass through an ordered cascade of physiological and behavioral responses to perceived danger, and recovery or chronic stress outcome in relation to their capacity to recover homeostasis. keywords: animals; axis; brain; humans; response; stress cache: brainmatters-1072.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1072.txt item: #28 of 158 id: brainmatters-1073 author: Wang, Micah title: Fear on Repeat: Examining the Impact of PTSD on the Amygdala date: 2025 words: 1653 flesch: 54 summary: However, studies that have shown differences in amygdala volume in those with PTSD fail to draw a conclusive correlation between amygdala volume and the onset of PTSD (Pieper et al., 2020; Ousdal et al., 2020). Abnormal amygdala volumes in adolescent PTSD patients. keywords: amygdala; brain; ptsd cache: brainmatters-1073.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1073.txt item: #29 of 158 id: brainmatters-1074 author: Yang, May title: The Cognitive Neuroscience of Moral Decision-Making in Extreme Situations: High-Stress or Life-Threatening Scenarios date: 2025 words: 1982 flesch: 48 summary: Empirical Evidence: Studies on Stress and Moral Choices Several laboratory experiments have revealed decisive evidence of how moral decision-making is distorted by stress. This seamless interaction explains how humans can make complex moral decisions even when faced with imminent danger. keywords: amygdala; brain; cortex; decision; making; stress cache: brainmatters-1074.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1074.txt item: #30 of 158 id: brainmatters-1075 author: none title: Brain Matters Board date: 2025 words: 894 flesch: 49 summary: President Brain Matters Board Chief Editor Vice President 77 Praise Kim Praise Kim is the Vice President of Brain Matters and an undergraduate researcher pursuing a BSLAS in Brain and Cognitive Science. Outside of Brain Matters, she is an undergraduate researcher in the Silverman Lab and a member of American Chemical Society. keywords: brain; lab; matters; neuroscience cache: brainmatters-1075.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1075.txt item: #31 of 158 id: brainmatters-1076 author: none title: Design Board date: 2025 words: 461 flesch: 57 summary: She also directs community health initiatives as Director of Medicine for UIUC’s MEDLIFE chapter. I joined Brain Matters to combine my interests of neuroscience, psychology, and journalism. keywords: brain; psychology cache: brainmatters-1076.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1076.txt item: #32 of 158 id: brainmatters-1077 author: none title: Editors date: 2025 words: 872 flesch: 58 summary: Praise Kim Praise Kim is the Vice President of Brain Matters and an undergraduate researcher pursuing a BSLAS in Brain and Cognitive Science. Through her involvement with Brain Matters, she hopes to broaden her knowledge and gain deeper insights into the fields of neuroscience and psychology. keywords: brain; matters; neuroscience cache: brainmatters-1077.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1077.txt item: #33 of 158 id: brainmatters-1078 author: none title: Writers date: 2025 words: 1315 flesch: 49 summary: Leah joined Brain Matters to get the opportunity to learn and write about new neuroscience research. She joined Brain Matters to investigate how the brain impacts the ways in which we interact with the world around us and stay updated on current research in the field. keywords: brain; matters; neuroscience; research cache: brainmatters-1078.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1078.txt item: #34 of 158 id: brainmatters-1080 author: none title: Table of Contents date: 2025 words: 237 flesch: 25 summary: Contributions to Schizophrenia Prevention Brianna Mae Huner...........................................................................59 Pathophysiology of Postpartum Depression: Etiology and Interplay of Structural and Functional Brain Changes Sylvia Merz......................................................................................64 ii The Ethics of Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) Ruchi Prakash..................................................................................69 Exploring the Neuroprotective Effects of Estrogen in Reducing Dementia Risk Sylvia Merz.......................................................................................11 The Role of Human Leukocyte Antigens in Multiple Sclerosis and Brain Atrophy Tanisha Mandal..................................................................................6 Articles................................................................................ keywords: brain; effects cache: brainmatters-1080.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1080.txt item: #35 of 158 id: brainmatters-1081 author: none title: About date: 2025 words: 133 flesch: 59 summary: The journal is mainly written for the college community yet is accessible to anyone as Brain Matters is published in an Open Access format by the University Library at the University of Illinois Urbana- Champaign. About Brain Matters Brain Matters discusses all things neuroscience, psychology, and biology written by UIUC’s very own. keywords: matters cache: brainmatters-1081.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1081.txt item: #36 of 158 id: brainmatters-1082 author: Lin, Edward title: Biological Neural Networks as the Forefront of AI Processing date: 2025 words: 2032 flesch: 42 summary: But the benefits of such computational systems are apparent and mitigate the flaws of current information processing systems in computers. Finding a way to incorporate the brain directly into computing may create novel algorithms to meet the increasing demands of information processing. keywords: bnn; brain; information; processing cache: brainmatters-1082.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1082.txt item: #37 of 158 id: brainmatters-1083 author: Mandal, Tanisha title: The Role of Human Leukocyte Antigens in Multiple Sclerosis and Brain Atrophy date: 2025 words: 2392 flesch: 57 summary: 8 Figure 3: Binding Motif of HLA DRB1*1501 (HLA Protein, 2024). Class II HLA has complex effects on the CNS, thus contributing to the development of brain atrophy and multiple sclerosis, with different alleles of the same gene providing vastly different outcomes. keywords: atrophy; brain; drb1; hla cache: brainmatters-1083.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1083.txt item: #38 of 158 id: brainmatters-1084 author: Merz, Sylvia title: The Critical Window for Estrogen Replacement Therapy in Menopausal Women: Exploring the Neuroprotective Effects of Estrogen in Reducing Dementia Risk date: 2025 words: 2012 flesch: 31 summary: Brain Matters Vol. 8 No. 2 The Critical Window for Estrogen Replacement Therapy in Menopausal Women: Exploring the Neuroprotective Effects of Estrogen in Reducing Dementia Risk Menopause, characterized by a significant decline in estrogen levels, profoundly impacts brain health, influencing cognitive functions and neurobiological integrity. Estrogen and progestin use and cognitive function in postmenopausal women. keywords: brain; ert; estrogen cache: brainmatters-1084.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1084.txt item: #39 of 158 id: brainmatters-1085 author: Park, Siwon title: The Consequential Effects of Sleep Quality on the Academic Performance of University Students date: 2025 words: 2850 flesch: 45 summary: With sleep deprivation demonstrating to be an incredible barrier to academic success and damaging to health, the emphasis on quality sleep is truly an imperative message to university students. While its true purpose remains largely theoretical, sleep deprivation has been proven to impair numerous brain functions, particularly in college students who are increasingly susceptible to irregular sleep patterns. keywords: brain; deprivation; function; performance; quality; sleep; students cache: brainmatters-1085.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1085.txt item: #40 of 158 id: brainmatters-1086 author: Rupp, Leah title: Understanding the Different Types of Cerebral Palsy and Treatment Options date: 2025 words: 1779 flesch: 54 summary: These injuries to the brain may lead to abnormal muscle stiffness or strokes, which are major symptoms of cerebral palsy. The three fundamental types of cerebral palsy are spastic, dyskinetic, and mixed. keywords: brain; damage; matter; palsy; white cache: brainmatters-1086.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1086.txt item: #41 of 158 id: brainmatters-1089 author: Sampathkumar, Ananya title: Isolation - How it Affects Fear Responses and Anxiety date: 2025 words: 2342 flesch: 52 summary: Understanding social isolation and its effects on the brain is crucial to learning more about the sociability of human beings, as well as how social anxiety can be caused or affected by interactions with others. How Social Isolation Changes the Amygdala: Social isolation can cause the brain to undergo neural plasticity, or the changing and adaptation of the brain. keywords: amygdala; anxiety; brain; effects; isolation; pandemic cache: brainmatters-1089.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1089.txt item: #42 of 158 id: brainmatters-1090 author: Aldrich, Emily title: The Detrimental Effects of Aberrant Regulation on the Hedgehog Signaling Pathway date: 2025 words: 1767 flesch: 50 summary: No. 2 Written by Emily Aldrich The Detrimental Effects of Aberrant Regulation on the Hedgehog Signaling Pathway ...the dysregulation of the Hh signaling pathway may lead to a variety of diseases and disorders, including tumorigenesis of medulloblastoma, the most common malignant brain tumor. Several studies support the hypothesis that malignant tumors are initiated and maintained by cancer stem cells (Tan et al., 2006; Xie et al., 2022). keywords: cells; hedgehog; pathway; signaling cache: brainmatters-1090.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1090.txt item: #43 of 158 id: brainmatters-1091 author: DiVito, Alexa title: The Influence of Maternal Stress on a Child's Development in the Womb and the Long-term Effects on the Child's Neurodevelopment and Mental Health date: 2025 words: 1546 flesch: 48 summary: They found that moderate to high objective prenatal maternal stress is associated with poorer intellectual and language functioning at the age of two when scientists examined interactions between trimester of exposure and severity of ice storm stress. Maternal stress does not only affect the mother but the fetus as well, especially during their development and later life. keywords: brain; children; development; stress cache: brainmatters-1091.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1091.txt item: #44 of 158 id: brainmatters-1092 author: Goswami, Meha title: Can We Train Our Brains to Break Social Media Addiction? date: 2025 words: 1889 flesch: 32 summary: Understanding how social media manipulates these neural pathways is essential for developing effective strategies to reduce dependence and restore healthy digital habits. The Neuroscience of Social Media Addiction To fully grasp the addictive nature of social media, it is important to explore the underlying neural mechanisms that sustain compulsive digital behaviors. keywords: addiction; brain; media; use cache: brainmatters-1092.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1092.txt item: #45 of 158 id: brainmatters-1093 author: Kennedy, Kathryn title: Curcumin and Glioblastoma: How Turmeric Can Be a Dietary Supplement Against Brain Cancer date: 2025 words: 1248 flesch: 51 summary: system In a recent meta-analysis of studies involving curcumin’s specific role in preventing and mitigating the danger of GBM cells, Dr. Ângelo Luís et al. identified that a compelling attribute of curcumin is that it can target signaling pathways properties and can modulate pathways involved in GBM cell growth. Mary-Eve Brown, an oncology clinical dietitian at Johns Hopkins Medicine, provides recommendations on how to safely increase curcumin intake through turmeric. keywords: cell; curcumin; gbm; turmeric cache: brainmatters-1093.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1093.txt item: #46 of 158 id: brainmatters-1094 author: Kremitzki, Meredith title: Understanding the Genetics of ADHD date: 2025 words: 2164 flesch: 51 summary: Promising ADHD Genes Despite the lack of specific data on the genetic cause of ADHD, there has been a lot of research investigating certain genes and pathways that could be involved. Holland, J., Sayal, K. Relative age and ADHD symptoms, diagnosis and medication: a systematic review. keywords: adhd; dopamine; gene; heritability; studies cache: brainmatters-1094.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1094.txt item: #47 of 158 id: brainmatters-1095 author: Kushnick, Lily title: The Development of Psychogenic Pain date: 2025 words: 1927 flesch: 43 summary: Psychogenic pain is commonly associated with psychosocial and emotional conflicts, as the brain can interpret mental distress as physical pain (Moini et al., 2023). Pain plasticity—the adaptive processes of the nervous system in response to pain stimulus—may lead to changes in nociceptors, causing them to activate atypically. keywords: brain; development; nociceptors; pain cache: brainmatters-1095.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1095.txt item: #48 of 158 id: brainmatters-1096 author: Mae Huner, Brianna title: Genetic Research and its Revolutionary? Contributions to Schizophrenia Prevention date: 2025 words: 2774 flesch: 51 summary: While it was originally believed that genetic research such as molecular genetics, linkage analysis, genome wide association studies, and more would be the key to understanding the etiology of schizophrenia, this was found to be inaccurate, but that doesn’t mean that all hope is lost. This pharmacological discovery has improved the lives of schizophrenia patients dramatically and has shifted the typical symptomology observed in this disorder. keywords: causes; disorders; genome; research; schizophrenia cache: brainmatters-1096.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1096.txt item: #49 of 158 id: brainmatters-1097 author: Merz, Sylvia title: Pathophysiology of Postpartum Depression: Etiology and Interplay of Structural and Functional Brain Changes date: 2025 words: 2331 flesch: 38 summary: Written by Sylvia Merz Abstract Introduction Postpartum depression (PPD) is a major mood disorder that affects approximately 10-15% of new mothers, manifesting as mood disturbances, cognitive impairments, and difficulty bonding with the infant (Epperson et al., 2014). Furthermore, the effects of PPD can persist well beyond the postpartum period, with women reporting increased risks of future depressive episodes and impaired functioning in social and occupational domains (Elliott et al., 2021). keywords: brain; depression; ppd; stress cache: brainmatters-1097.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1097.txt item: #50 of 158 id: brainmatters-1098 author: Prakash, Ruchi title: The Ethics of Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) date: 2025 words: 1608 flesch: 51 summary: Using a low-cost gaming headset, Martinovic and his team created an application capable of secretly collecting brain data while showing the user different images. Ethical aspects of brain computer interfaces: a scoping review. keywords: bcis; brain; computer; data; technology cache: brainmatters-1098.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1098.txt item: #51 of 158 id: brainmatters-1099 author: none title: Brain Matters Board date: 2025 words: 894 flesch: 49 summary: President Brain Matters Board Chief Editor Vice President 73 Praise Kim Praise Kim is the Vice President of Brain Matters and an undergraduate researcher pursuing a BSLAS in Brain and Cognitive Science. Outside of Brain Matters, she is an undergraduate researcher in the Silverman Lab and a member of American Chemical Society. keywords: brain; lab; matters; neuroscience cache: brainmatters-1099.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1099.txt item: #52 of 158 id: brainmatters-1100 author: none title: Design Board date: 2025 words: 461 flesch: 57 summary: She also directs community health initiatives as Director of Medicine for UIUC’s MEDLIFE chapter. I joined Brain Matters to combine my interests of neuroscience, psychology, and journalism. keywords: brain; psychology cache: brainmatters-1100.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1100.txt item: #53 of 158 id: brainmatters-1101 author: none title: Editors date: 2025 words: 872 flesch: 58 summary: Praise Kim Praise Kim is the Vice President of Brain Matters and an undergraduate researcher pursuing a BSLAS in Brain and Cognitive Science. Through her involvement with Brain Matters, she hopes to broaden her knowledge and gain deeper insights into the fields of neuroscience and psychology. keywords: brain; matters; neuroscience cache: brainmatters-1101.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1101.txt item: #54 of 158 id: brainmatters-1102 author: none title: Writers date: 2025 words: 1146 flesch: 54 summary: Lily became involved in Brain Matters to learn more about the process of writing scientific articles and about current neuroscience research and innovations. Leah joined Brain Matters to get the opportunity to learn and write about new neuroscience research. keywords: brain; matters; neuroscience; research cache: brainmatters-1102.pdf plain text: brainmatters-1102.txt item: #55 of 158 id: brainmatters-612 author: Bukhari, Fiza title: Table of Contents date: 2019 words: 88 flesch: 35 summary: 2 Contents • Editor’s Note 3 • A Brief Review on the Nutrient Effects on the Brain and Implications by Do Yeon (Jason) Kim 4 • Brain Development of Schizophrenic Patients by Bailey S. Zinger 6 • Neural Pathways of Anxiety by Luke LaLonde 8 • Neurological Benefits of Mindfulness by Victoria Wu 10 • The Origin, History and Science of Memory by Neil Doherty 12 • Writer’s Bio 15 CC Image courtesy by balapagos on Flickr On the Cover: A beautiful brain with augumenter colors. CC Image courtesy by _DJ_ on Flickr. keywords: brain cache: brainmatters-612.pdf plain text: brainmatters-612.txt item: #56 of 158 id: brainmatters-613 author: Bukhari, Fiza title: Editor's Note date: 2019 words: 467 flesch: 51 summary: He is very excited to introduce “Brain Matters” to the UIUC community and hopes to broaden undergraduate interest in the field! She is thrilled to be working on “Brain Matters” and hopes to broaden the knowledge of current neuroscience research across campus. keywords: editor; neuroscience cache: brainmatters-613.pdf plain text: brainmatters-613.txt item: #57 of 158 id: brainmatters-614 author: Kim, Do Yeon (Jason) title: A Brief Review on the Nutrient Effects on the Brain and Implications date: 2019 words: 2446 flesch: 55 summary: Recently, new evidence has suggested that diet plays a role in altering brain functions. Brain function and mental illnesses have often been associated with factors like mental stress and emotionality. keywords: aging; brain; function; mice; nutrients cache: brainmatters-614.pdf plain text: brainmatters-614.txt item: #58 of 158 id: brainmatters-615 author: Zinger, Bailey S. title: Brain Development of Schizophrenic Patients date: 2019 words: 1670 flesch: 41 summary: Gray matter loss leading to disrupted belief in schizophrenia patients may explain why those with the disease become confused about what is real versus imaginary, and that the familiar begins to feel strange in the effect of derealization 7 or depersonalization. Due to the complex nature of the disorder, two leading theories of schizophrenia onset have been considered, but there is not yet one sure method to diagnose and treat individuals with the disorder. keywords: cannon; disorder; memory; schizophrenia; t.d cache: brainmatters-615.pdf plain text: brainmatters-615.txt item: #59 of 158 id: brainmatters-616 author: LaLonde, Luke title: Neural Pathways of Anxiety date: 2019 words: 1743 flesch: 50 summary: Another type of anxiety disorder, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), is characterized by constant and excessive uneasiness about routine life circumstances. This is noteworthy because anxiety disorders, GAD in particular, are a result of prolonged overactivity of the amygdala, which causes the brain to be in a constant state of fear or anxiety (Patriquin, 2017). keywords: anxiety; brain; gad; stress cache: brainmatters-616.pdf plain text: brainmatters-616.txt item: #60 of 158 id: brainmatters-617 author: Wu, Victoria title: Neurological Benefits of Mindfulness date: 2019 words: 1978 flesch: 52 summary: Incredibly, mindfulness meditation not only lowers the feelings of fear in those with anxiety disorders but also raises the quality of life in patients with depression. Focused breathing is a method of mindfulness meditation that requires sustained attention to the body and present moment. keywords: anxiety; attention; brain; meditation; mindfulness; stress cache: brainmatters-617.pdf plain text: brainmatters-617.txt item: #61 of 158 id: brainmatters-618 author: Doherty, Neil title: The Origin, History and Science of Memory date: 2019 words: 2511 flesch: 43 summary: In other words, when someone with Capgras Syndrome catches up with an old friend, they fail to recognize the friend cognitively, however they unconsciously feel the typical emotions they would around said friend, indicating that emotional memory might be processed separately from conscious memory, only to interweave with consciously streamlined data in the fusiform gyrus. The problem, however, presents a surprising revelation: emotional memories are separable from conscious activity. keywords: brain; consciousness; cortex; february; memories; memory; system cache: brainmatters-618.pdf plain text: brainmatters-618.txt item: #62 of 158 id: brainmatters-619 author: Bukhari, Fiza title: Writer's Bio date: 2019 words: 251 flesch: 54 summary: She is excited to help facilitate gen- eral knowledge and interest in neuroscience topics through Brain Matters. He is excited to see “Brain Matters” continue to grow throughout his time at UIUC. keywords: writer cache: brainmatters-619.pdf plain text: brainmatters-619.txt item: #63 of 158 id: brainmatters-620 author: Bukhari, Fiza title: About Undergraduate Neuroscience Journal and Undergraduate Neuroscience Society date: 2019 words: 98 flesch: 24 summary: Events such as Brain Awareness week and fundraisers for the Brain and Behavior Research Foundation are held. 16 Address and Contact information here: uiucundergradneurosociety@gmail.com About Undergraduate Neuroscience Journal and Undergraduate Neuroscience Society keywords: neuroscience cache: brainmatters-620.pdf plain text: brainmatters-620.txt item: #64 of 158 id: brainmatters-684 author: Bukhari, Fiza title: Table of Contents date: 2020 words: 724 flesch: 32 summary: It is the goal of this article to inform the reader about the current state of debate between modular and network brain theories of brain organization and function, to elucidate the profound bias in education - particularly undergraduate education - toward the use and exploration of modular theory, and an examination of the benefits of readapting neuroscience education to give either commeasurable or greater coverage of the alternative network theory in neural organization and function. The advent and introduction of more sophisticated brain imaging and stimulatory technologies such as fMRI and TEM, along with the development of more precise methodology for experimental lesion induction and neuron inhibition, have cast doubt on traditional modular theory (Badcock et al., 2019). keywords: brain; theory cache: brainmatters-684.pdf plain text: brainmatters-684.txt item: #65 of 158 id: brainmatters-685 author: Romanchek, Thomas title: Outcomes in Neuroscience Education: Modular Theory and Network Theory date: 2020 words: 1490 flesch: 50 summary: These ablations, however, caused varied deficiencies and behavioral abnormalities suggesting that some interplay did still exist between brain regions and behavior (Yildirim & Sarikcioglu, 2004). Positron emission tomog- raphy (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (Figure 4) allowed scientists to observe the brain in action and directly measure the activ- ity of brain regions through the circula- tion and exchange of blood and oxygen. keywords: brain; figure; neuroscience; regions; theory cache: brainmatters-685.pdf plain text: brainmatters-685.txt item: #66 of 158 id: brainmatters-687 author: Gainski, Julia title: The Differences between ADHD Brains vs. Non ADHD Brains date: 2020 words: 2069 flesch: 52 summary: There are many common misconceptions between differentiating ADHD brains and non ADHD brains, the cause of which largely stems from the stigmatization of men- tal health disorders. These differences be- come less and less distinct over time as opposed to the dras- tic differences seen between children with ADHD brains in comparison to children who do not have ADHD. keywords: adhd; brain; differences; study cache: brainmatters-687.pdf plain text: brainmatters-687.txt item: #67 of 158 id: brainmatters-688 author: Kim, Chloe title: Therapeutic Techniques for Neural Regeneration in the Central Nervous System date: 2020 words: 2488 flesch: 47 summary: As a result, several methods, including the use of stem cells, brain drug delivery, and implanting degradable biomaterial, have been actively researched to enhance regeneration in CNS. Reactive synaptogenesis is the process in which neighboring neurons form new synaptic contacts to replace those lost, contrib- uting to a restoration of function following brain injury. keywords: biomaterials; brain; delivery; drug; injury; regeneration cache: brainmatters-688.pdf plain text: brainmatters-688.txt item: #68 of 158 id: brainmatters-689 author: Sobecks, Briana title: Language Acquisition Device and the Origin of Language date: 2020 words: 2199 flesch: 60 summary: According to support- ers of cognitive language development, children use innate perceptual and cognitive skills to learn language, but these skills are not language-specific, since they allow children to earn other interpersonal communication skills. Since people can say and understand unique sentences, language ability must transcend pure conditioning. keywords: children; grammar; language; patterns cache: brainmatters-689.pdf plain text: brainmatters-689.txt item: #69 of 158 id: brainmatters-690 author: Bukhari, Fiza title: About Brain Matters & Meet the Editorial Board date: 2020 words: 409 flesch: 50 summary: She is thrilled to be working on “Brain Matters” and hopes to broaden the knowledge of current neuro- science research across cam- pus. She is delighted to collaborate and learn with the other students behind “Brain Matters”. keywords: neuroscience cache: brainmatters-690.pdf plain text: brainmatters-690.txt item: #70 of 158 id: brainmatters-691 author: Bukhari, Fiza title: Meet the Writers date: 2020 words: 241 flesch: 56 summary: Briana Sobecks Writer Major: Chemical Engineering Activities: American Chemical Society, Newman Center Choir, Campus Honors Student Council 13 Brain Matters Volume 2 She is very excited to have her first article published in Brain Matters! keywords: brain cache: brainmatters-691.pdf plain text: brainmatters-691.txt item: #71 of 158 id: brainmatters-730 author: Kilikevicius, Laura title: Table of Contents date: 2021 words: 70 flesch: -18 summary: Table of Contents Table of Contents The Use of Virtual Reality to Treat Anxiety-Related Disorders......................1 Progression in Understanding Combat Induced Mental Disorders......................6 Symptoms and Possible Causes Cures for Parkinsons Disease.......................8 Loneliness in the Mind.......................................................................................11 Alcoholic disruption of function in neurophysiological pathways and retrogressive development in size and capability of cognitive neurobiological structures throughcontinual exposure................................14 Rajvi Javeri Dominick Ramirez Michael McHenry Hari Balachandran Juan Bautista keywords: table cache: brainmatters-730.pdf plain text: brainmatters-730.txt item: #72 of 158 id: brainmatters-731 author: Kilikevicius, Laura title: Brain Matters Staff date: 2021 words: 559 flesch: 53 summary: She is excit- ed to collaborate with the other students behind “Brain Matters” and promote brain awareness on Campus. She is so excited to work with her fellow students to expand our campus’s appreciation for neuroscience through Brain Matters! keywords: editor; majoring cache: brainmatters-731.pdf plain text: brainmatters-731.txt item: #73 of 158 id: brainmatters-733 author: Javeri, Rajvi title: The Use of Virtual Reality to Treat Anxiety-Related Disorders date: 2021 words: 2904 flesch: 56 summary: For example, in treating patients who are afraid of heights or flying on airplanes, the therapist could use VR treatment to be able to manipulate aspects- such as turbulence, take-off and landing, as well as repeated exposure- all during the course of one consultation visit (Rothbaum). Virtual reality therapy has been most effec- tive in its use for exposure therapies as in the case of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Phobias. keywords: brain; exposure; patient; reality; therapy; treatment cache: brainmatters-733.pdf plain text: brainmatters-733.txt item: #74 of 158 id: brainmatters-734 author: Ramirez, Dominick title: Progression in Understanding Combat Induced Mental Disorders date: 2021 words: 1119 flesch: 54 summary: While these conditions often exist simultaneously and have similar symptoms, bTBI is a form of traumatic brain injury which is currently not very well understood and, therefore, more difficult to detect and treat. In one case, scientists found that brains of deceased veterans that survived explosions and lived for years afterward had a unique honeycomb pattern of axonopathy or damage to nerve cells called axons, which are different damage patterns from other types of head injuries. keywords: blast; brain; new; ptsd cache: brainmatters-734.pdf plain text: brainmatters-734.txt item: #75 of 158 id: brainmatters-735 author: McHenry, Michael title: Symptoms and Possible Causes Cures for Parkinsons Disease date: 2021 words: 1682 flesch: 56 summary: Currently, the most common treatments for Parkinson’s are drugs that raise dopamine levels with- in the patient’s brain. While they are somewhat effective, to- day’s Parkinson’s treatments are only able to lessen the symptoms of the disease, as they cannot attack the root causes of the disease. keywords: disease; parkinson cache: brainmatters-735.pdf plain text: brainmatters-735.txt item: #76 of 158 id: brainmatters-736 author: Balachandran, Hari title: Loneliness in the Mind date: 2021 words: 1946 flesch: 51 summary: A person being alone does not necessarily mean they suffer from the feelings of social isolation. The heightened fear response likely suggests that social isolation may have been causing harm to the mice. keywords: brain; isolation; loneliness; mice cache: brainmatters-736.pdf plain text: brainmatters-736.txt item: #77 of 158 id: brainmatters-737 author: Bautista, Juan title: Alcoholic disruption of function in neurophysiological pathways and retrogressive development in size and capability of cognitive neurobiological structures through continual exposure date: 2021 words: 2014 flesch: 45 summary: Immediate and prolonged effects of alcohol exposure on the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal axis in adult and adolescent rats. The high preva- lence among young adults is particularly dangerous be- cause their brains are still developing and alcohol may accelerate some deleterious effects and disrupt synaptic rearrangement of the later stages of neural maturation. keywords: alcohol; brain; cells; dehydrogenase; enzymes; health; liver; water cache: brainmatters-737.pdf plain text: brainmatters-737.txt item: #78 of 158 id: brainmatters-738 author: Kilikevicius, Laura title: Brain Matters Writers date: 2021 words: 377 flesch: 63 summary: Extra- curricular organizations besides Brain Matters at UNS, include profes- sional development chair at Minorities in Health Sciences and founder of Bandside UIUC a platform for student rock bands. In addition to writing for Brain Matters, Michael is a member of the Illinois Medical Screening Society and plays trumpet for the Marching Illini. keywords: brain; matters cache: brainmatters-738.pdf plain text: brainmatters-738.txt item: #79 of 158 id: brainmatters-806 author: Kilikevicius , Laura title: Table of Contents date: 2022 words: 49 flesch: 35 summary: Table of Contents How to Improve Memory.....................................................................................................................1 Andrew Zhang Consumer Neuroscience: The use of neuroscience techniques to create better advertising..............................................................6 Nicole Chilibovytsch Origins of Excersize-Induced Neurogenisis...............................................................................9 Sanjana Venkatarman The Relationship Between Sleep Deprivation and Brain Health................................14 Emma Ibanez Unraveling Human Intelligence.....................................................................................................17 Julia Gainski keywords: neuroscience cache: brainmatters-806.pdf plain text: brainmatters-806.txt item: #80 of 158 id: brainmatters-807 author: Kilikevicius , Laura title: Brain Matters Board date: 2022 words: 896 flesch: 54 summary: Brain Matters Board Julia Gainski is a junior majoring in Integrative Biology with a minor in German. Brain Matters Board Carolyn is a junior majoring in Molecular and Cellular Biology and is currently conducting research in neurochemistry in Dr. Jonathan V. Sweedler’s lab. keywords: brain; matters; neuroscience cache: brainmatters-807.pdf plain text: brainmatters-807.txt item: #81 of 158 id: brainmatters-808 author: Zhang, Andrew title: How to Improve Memory date: 2022 words: 3664 flesch: 62 summary: For example, in a neuro- logical study conducted on memory atheletes and control participants, those who utilized the method of loci performed significantly better than other strategies, like active or passive learning, even up to at least 4 months later (Dresler et al., 2017). In an fMRI scan done on the participants, during memory consolidation and retrieval, those who trained with memory of loci had heightened activity between visual lobes, temporal lobes, and default mode networks (Dresler et al., 2017). keywords: doi; information; learning; memory; vol cache: brainmatters-808.pdf plain text: brainmatters-808.txt item: #82 of 158 id: brainmatters-809 author: Chlibovytsch, Nicole title: Consumer Neuroscience: The use of neuroscience techniques to create better advertising date: 2022 words: 1895 flesch: 54 summary: Analysis of the techniques, their effectiveness, and what exactly they can do is important in determining where the boundaries of consumer neuroscience should lie. While there are accuracy benefits involved with consumer neuroscience, there are also possible ethical drawbacks in employ- keywords: consumer; neuroscience; use cache: brainmatters-809.pdf plain text: brainmatters-809.txt item: #83 of 158 id: brainmatters-810 author: Venkataraman, Sanjana title: Origins of Exercise-Induced Neurogenesis date: 2022 words: 3711 flesch: 51 summary: There is evidence to support the idea that voluntary exercise has aided in combating some biological symptoms of diseases associated with the degeneration of the brain and nervous system (Adlard, et al., 2005; Voss et al., 2013). Voluntary exercise decreases amyloid load in a transgenic model of Alzheimer’s disease. keywords: activity; brain; exercise; hippocampal; mice; neurogenesis; running cache: brainmatters-810.pdf plain text: brainmatters-810.txt item: #84 of 158 id: brainmatters-811 author: Ibanez, Emma title: The Relationship Between Sleep Deprivation and Brain Health date: 2022 words: 2010 flesch: 61 summary: Sleep deprivation is widespread among adults and teenagers alike, so the effects of sleep deprivation can also negatively impact performance in school and work settings. In addition to individual habits, sleep disorders are also a major factor in sleep deprivation. keywords: brain; deprivation; disease; disorders; insomnia; light; sleep cache: brainmatters-811.pdf plain text: brainmatters-811.txt item: #85 of 158 id: brainmatters-812 author: Gainski, Julia title: Unraveling Human Intelligence date: 2022 words: 3352 flesch: 44 summary: Fluid intelligence demonstrates the ability to solve problems through abstract thinking and reasoning. Accordingly, crystallized intelligence reaches its apex typically between the age range of 60 to 70 years old while fluid intelligence has the potential to reach its climax around the age of 20 years old and consequently begin to level off following this age (Trafton 2015). keywords: age; brain; education; fluid; individual; intelligence; memory; network; separation cache: brainmatters-812.pdf plain text: brainmatters-812.txt item: #86 of 158 id: brainmatters-816 author: Javed, Nabiha title: Life Cycle of Neurons date: 2022 words: 1777 flesch: 61 summary: Neurons are born in areas in the brain rich with neural stem cells; neural stem cells have the ability to create most, if not all, of the varieties of neurons and glial cells found in the brain and spinal cord. Stress, the aging brain, and the mechanisms of neuron death. keywords: brain; cell; cycle; neurons cache: brainmatters-816.pdf plain text: brainmatters-816.txt item: #87 of 158 id: brainmatters-817 author: Patel, Karishma title: Impact of Gestational Period Stress and Early Life Stressors on Child Development date: 2022 words: 1399 flesch: 35 summary: While prenatal stress can enhance child development, it is the nature, magnitude, chronicity, timing of the stress, and the pregnant mother’s biological/psychological response to the stress that will determine it as deleterious or not (Buss et al., 2012). Effects of early life stress on cognitive and affective function: an integrated review of human literature. keywords: children; stress cache: brainmatters-817.pdf plain text: brainmatters-817.txt item: #88 of 158 id: brainmatters-818 author: Nayak, Apurva title: Antisense Oligonucleotides Mediated Therapy for Neurodegenerative Disease date: 2022 words: 2162 flesch: 50 summary: ASO strategies utilize synthetic oligonucleotides which bind to the target mRNA by Watson-Crick hybridization and can either promote or inhibit the degradation of this RNA, leading to a knock down of gene expression. ASO strategies utilize synthetic oligonucleotides which bind to the target mRNA by Watson-Crick hybridization and can either promote or inhibit the degradation of this RNA, leading to a knock down of gene expression. keywords: antisense; asos; expression; gene; target; therapies cache: brainmatters-818.pdf plain text: brainmatters-818.txt item: #89 of 158 id: brainmatters-819 author: Zhang, Andrew title: How To Improve Memory date: 2022 words: 3656 flesch: 61 summary: In one experiment (Snyder et al., 2005), rats were tested on a water maze. Compared to normal rats, those with their hippocampus damaged through irradiation performed significantly worse in the water maze only after a few weeks, and showed decreases in BrdU in neurons, meaning less formation of new neurons (Snyder et al., 2005). keywords: brain; information; learning; memory; vol cache: brainmatters-819.pdf plain text: brainmatters-819.txt item: #90 of 158 id: brainmatters-820 author: Mahat, Apil title: Why Do We Procrastinate? date: 2022 words: 1835 flesch: 43 summary: The issue that many students have is a consistent inability to do tasks in a timely and organized manner, leading to assignments and other work to be done last minute and result in lower quality. The origin of procrastination can vary from person to person, however in general this behavior is the result of many biological and psychological factors. keywords: esteem; procrastination; self; students cache: brainmatters-820.pdf plain text: brainmatters-820.txt item: #91 of 158 id: brainmatters-821 author: Javeri, Rajvi title: Table of Contents date: 2022 words: 67 flesch: 37 summary: Copy of Brain Matters Template Final Table of Contents Life Cycle of Neurons Nabiha Javed 01 Brain Matters・Volume V ii 07 19 09 11 14 Antisense Oligonucleotides Mediated Therapy for Neurodegenerative Disease Apurva Nayak Impact of Gestational Period Stress and Early Life Stressors on Child Development Karishma Patel Why Do We Procrastinate? Apil Mahat How To Improve Memory Andrew Zhang Brain Matters Board 05 Brain Matters Writers keywords: brain cache: brainmatters-821.pdf plain text: brainmatters-821.txt item: #92 of 158 id: brainmatters-822 author: Javeri, Rajvi title: Brain Matters Board date: 2022 words: 1047 flesch: 50 summary: He looks forward to making Brain Matters an inclusive and engaging scientific committee on campus Design Board* 3 Br ai n M at te rs B oa rd *Due to publishing delays, Volume 5 was designed by the design board team from the 2022-2023 academic year Katy is a Junior in Brain in Cognitive Science, soon to be an MCB major with a certificate in neuroscience! Apart from her role in Brain Matters as a writer, and recently appointed Design Team member and Editor, She is a research assistant in the Physical Activity and Neurocognitive Health Lab, as well as the Evolutionary Immunology and Genomics Laboratory. keywords: brain; majoring; matters; neuroscience cache: brainmatters-822.pdf plain text: brainmatters-822.txt item: #93 of 158 id: brainmatters-823 author: Javeri, Rajvi title: Brain Matters Writers date: 2022 words: 314 flesch: 61 summary: Copy of Brain Matters Template Final She is excited to be a part of this volume of Brain Matters to increase discussion. keywords: brain cache: brainmatters-823.pdf plain text: brainmatters-823.txt item: #94 of 158 id: brainmatters-824 author: Javeri, Rajvi title: About Brain Matters date: 2022 words: 122 flesch: 56 summary: Sponsors The Undergraduate Neuroscience Society (UNS) sponsors the Brain Matters journal. Copy of Brain Matters Template Final About Brain Matters Brain Matters discusses all things neuroscience, psychology, and biology written by UIUC’s very own. keywords: brain cache: brainmatters-824.pdf plain text: brainmatters-824.txt item: #95 of 158 id: brainmatters-859 author: Javeri, Rajvi title: Table of Contents date: 2023 words: 90 flesch: 25 summary: i The Academic Advantages of a Bilingual Brain Emma Ibanez.................................................................................8 Ependymoma Tumor Diagnosis: Pathophysiology and Prognosis of Pediatric and Adult Patients Christopher Jones...........................................................................5 The Duality of Languages: Bilingualism and Its Effects on the Brain Estefania Baez................................................................................10 Articles...................................................................................1 About the Writers........................................................................28 Meet the Board...........................................................................24 The Future of Neuroregeneration Hanifa Mohammed..........................................................................16 Olfactory Responses by Memory Laura Kilikevicius...........................................................................20 The Thalamic Bridge to Cognition and Consciousness Lina Issa........................................................................................13 Table of Contents Outline on Exercise and Brain Function Andrew Zhang...............................................................................1 Brain Matters・Volume V Issue ii keywords: brain cache: brainmatters-859.pdf plain text: brainmatters-859.txt item: #96 of 158 id: brainmatters-860 author: Zhang, Andrew title: Outline on Exercise and Brain Function date: 2023 words: 2155 flesch: 57 summary: Most of the newly generated neurons appear in the hippocampal dentate gyrus, a region highly responsible for learning and storing long-term memories (Cho et al., 2013). Brain scans in animal studies have also shown improvement from exercise in vascular structures in the brain, like increased blood flow and permeability of the blood brain barrier (Yau et al., 2014). keywords: brain; et al; exercise; vol cache: brainmatters-860.pdf plain text: brainmatters-860.txt item: #97 of 158 id: brainmatters-862 author: Jones, Christopher title: Ependymoma Tumor Diagnosis: Pathophysiology and Prognosis of Pediatric and Adult Patients date: 2023 words: 1966 flesch: 52 summary: Brain tumors are a collection of neoplasms that arise either from within the brain itself, or from systemic tumors that have metastasized to the brain. Symptoms of Brain tumors include seizures, headaches, fatigue and cognitive dysfunction. keywords: adult; brain; cells; ependymomas; patients; tumor cache: brainmatters-862.pdf plain text: brainmatters-862.txt item: #98 of 158 id: brainmatters-863 author: Ibanez, Emma title: The Academic Advantages of a Bilingual Brain date: 2023 words: 1554 flesch: 46 summary: Inhibition tests like the Advanced DCCS from the Carlson and Meltzoff study found that bilingual children were better than monolingual children in evaluating conflicting information through suppression of a previously learned 8Brain Matters・Volume V Issue ii concept to adapt to the new requirements of a task. In the collected data, bilingual children made fewer mistakes than monolingual children in choosing the right response, meaning that they were better able to inhibit a conflicting response by remembering the game rules and applying them to the provided stimulus. keywords: bilinguals; children; executive; language cache: brainmatters-863.pdf plain text: brainmatters-863.txt item: #99 of 158 id: brainmatters-864 author: Baez, Estefania title: The Duality of Languages: Bilingualism and Its Effects on the Brain date: 2023 words: 1646 flesch: 49 summary: Shared and separate systems in bilingual language processing: converging evidence from eyetracking and brain imaging. In addition, bilingual individuals experience a specific pattern of brain activity when switching from one language to another- dubbed ‘codeswitching’. keywords: brain; language; matter; tasks cache: brainmatters-864.pdf plain text: brainmatters-864.txt item: #100 of 158 id: brainmatters-866 author: Issa, Lina title: The Thalamic Bridge to Cognition and Consciousness date: 2023 words: 1824 flesch: 45 summary: This further promotes categorization of thalamic nuclei as either ‘first-order’ (FO) or ‘higher-order’ (HO) based on where they receive their driving input from. Figure 1: Thalamic nuclei. keywords: cortex; nuclei; order; thalamus cache: brainmatters-866.pdf plain text: brainmatters-866.txt item: #101 of 158 id: brainmatters-867 author: Mohammed, Hanifa title: The Future of Neuroregeneration date: 2023 words: 2825 flesch: 52 summary: Now that the transgenic mice had a build up of amyloid plaques Fujiwara et al. implanted human iPSC into these mice and attempted to regenerate cholinergic neurons, common nerve cells that serve as acetylcholine neurotransmitters, to ascertain the role iPSC cells may have in reversing the buildup phenotype. In order to study how iPSCs could reverse the effects of amyloid plaques, a study by Fujiwara et al., treated transgenic mice with amyloid plaque build up with an iPSC therapy. keywords: disease; et al; ipscs; neurons cache: brainmatters-867.pdf plain text: brainmatters-867.txt item: #102 of 158 id: brainmatters-868 author: Kilikevicius, Laura title: Olfactory Responses by Memory date: 2023 words: 2956 flesch: 56 summary: Since the glomeruli, nerve ending bulbs found in the olfactory bulb, are unique to interactions with different smells, our perception of smell is highly dependent on how well they are activated and in what order. Since the glomeruli, nerve-ending bulbs found in the olfactory bulb, are unique to interactions with different smells, our perception of smell depends on how well they are activated and in what order. keywords: brain; memory; odor; olfactory; smell cache: brainmatters-868.pdf plain text: brainmatters-868.txt item: #103 of 158 id: brainmatters-869 author: Javeri, Rajvi title: Brain Matters Board date: 2023 words: 1065 flesch: 51 summary: He looks forward to making Brain Matters an inclusive and engaging scientific committee on campus Zainab Hashmi is a sophomore pursuing a dual degree in Psychology and Information Science with a minor in computer science. She is the Public Relations Chair and a writer for Brain Matters. keywords: brain; majoring; matters; neuroscience cache: brainmatters-869.pdf plain text: brainmatters-869.txt item: #104 of 158 id: brainmatters-870 author: Javeri, Rajvi title: Brain Matters Writers date: 2023 words: 524 flesch: 57 summary: She is very excited to share her passion for neuroscience through Brain Matters! In addition to writing for Brain Matters, Hanifa is currently researching the effect of AVP on the brain's glymphatic system in Dr. Martha Gillette's lab. keywords: brain; neuroscience cache: brainmatters-870.pdf plain text: brainmatters-870.txt item: #105 of 158 id: brainmatters-871 author: Javeri, Rajvi title: About Brain Matters date: 2023 words: 116 flesch: 56 summary: Authors come from diverse backgrounds, such as computer science and engineering majors. The journal is mainly written for the college community yet is accessible to anyone as Brain Matters is uploaded as an Open Access Journal format by the University Library. keywords: matters cache: brainmatters-871.pdf plain text: brainmatters-871.txt item: #106 of 158 id: brainmatters-878 author: Babu, Alisha title: Using Oxytocin as a Therapy For Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder date: 2023 words: 2202 flesch: 49 summary: Though there are no acknowledged cures, there are many types of therapies for children with ASD - all aimed at improving their symptoms (“Autism spectrum disorder”, 2022). Using Oxytocin as a Therapy For Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder Alisha Babu Introduction In 2018 it was established that an average of 1 in 4 children are diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder by the CDC (“Data and statistics”, 2022). keywords: asd; autism; disorder; n.d; oxytocin cache: brainmatters-878.pdf plain text: brainmatters-878.txt item: #107 of 158 id: brainmatters-879 author: Aydogan, Shireen title: Unlocking the Inner Genius Within date: 2023 words: 2123 flesch: 52 summary: The characteristics of acquired savant syndrome are parallel to people with autism who have savant syndrome. Relatively new technologies and current research is promising to understanding acquired savant syndrome and gives light to possibilities of unlocking one's inner genius. keywords: brain; left; people; savant; syndrome; tdcs cache: brainmatters-879.pdf plain text: brainmatters-879.txt item: #108 of 158 id: brainmatters-880 author: Simmons, Katilyn title: Implications of GPCRs in Alzheimer’s date: 2023 words: 1866 flesch: 55 summary: G Protein-Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) in Alzheimer's Disease: A Focus on BACE1 Related GPCRs. These plaque buildups are accumulations of β-amyloid peptide (Aβ), which is formed from a protein called amyloid protein precursor (APP) (Zhao et al., 2016). keywords: bace1; gpcrs; receptors cache: brainmatters-880.pdf plain text: brainmatters-880.txt item: #109 of 158 id: brainmatters-881 author: Patel, Vyapti title: The Neurobiology Behind the Making of the Antisocial Personality Type date: 2023 words: 3536 flesch: 45 summary: It is actually considered normal for children to express aggression and certain antisocial behavior when they are young, because they have yet to get a sense of the world around them, and understand what is socially appropriate and what is not. This personality type “stems from brain abnormalities” and has a lot to do with “dysfunctions in select parts of the brain” according to the research suggested in the article, The neuropsychology of antisocial personality disorder (Fitzgerald, 2007). keywords: amygdala; child; children; individuals; personality; personality type; type cache: brainmatters-881.pdf plain text: brainmatters-881.txt item: #110 of 158 id: brainmatters-882 author: Kulkarni, Saani title: Can Gene Editing Be The Key to Treating Alzheimers? date: 2023 words: 1894 flesch: 48 summary: A significant positive towards gene editing would be the failure of other treatments to surpass the blood-brain barrier; however, gene therapy has the ability to surpass such obstructions. Due to the precision of gene editing and the nature of the disease, teams worldwide have been examining the potential to treat Alzheimers using a variety of gene editing techniques. keywords: amyloid; editing; gene; protein; target cache: brainmatters-882.pdf plain text: brainmatters-882.txt item: #111 of 158 id: brainmatters-883 author: Ball, Alex title: The Mind-body Problem and Cognitive Neuroscience: A Brief History and Outlook date: 2023 words: 2336 flesch: 51 summary: This article will explore early conceptualizations of consciousness, how cognitive neuroscience and related fields have changed how we think about conscious mental states, and what future possibilities there are for achieving a complete understanding of the conscious mind. Conscious mental states are considered to be part of the mind; they are mental phenomena. keywords: body; consciousness; mental; mind; physical; problem cache: brainmatters-883.pdf plain text: brainmatters-883.txt item: #112 of 158 id: brainmatters-884 author: Karim, Bilal title: Deep Brain Stimulation : Advancements in Clinical Medicine, Innovation in Cutting-Edge Technology date: 2023 words: 1753 flesch: 42 summary: Retrieved November 7, 2021, from https://uvahealth.com/services/parkinsons-movement- disorders/deep-brain-stimulation Nowadays, DBS systems rely on stimulation parameters set forth by a neurophysiologist, clinician, or even the patient. DBS is designed to deliver electrical stimulation to localized regions of the brain that control movement, which ultimately block or inhibit the nerve signals that cause the symptoms. keywords: brain; dbs; health; ipg; stimulation; treatment cache: brainmatters-884.pdf plain text: brainmatters-884.txt item: #113 of 158 id: brainmatters-885 author: Bishka, Michelle title: The Overlap Between Neuroscience and Psychiatry: An Exploration of the Effectiveness of Neurological Applications in Treating Psychiatric Disorders date: 2023 words: 2045 flesch: 40 summary: Remission post-treatment is common, with many individuals undergoing a series of ECT treatments to manage their symptoms over time (McKenna, 2021). Retrieved December 24, 2021, from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28297593/ improve when ECT treatment is coupled with medication (Youssef & McCall, 2014) or psychotherapy (McClintock et al., 2011), specifically in treating severe depression. keywords: december; depression; disorders; ect; psychotherapy cache: brainmatters-885.pdf plain text: brainmatters-885.txt item: #114 of 158 id: brainmatters-886 author: Babik, Matthew title: Biochemical Mechanisms of Dendritic Nonlinearities and their Application into Computational Models date: 2023 words: 3266 flesch: 42 summary: Dendritic spines contain the intracellular machinery to translate these messages, thus modifications are highly regulated and able to be localized to the environment near the postsynaptic area (Bramham & Wells, 2007). This bubble will begin to localize intracellular machinery and eventually produce a working Abstract While dendritic spines make up only a small portion of the entire neuronal system, multiple intracellular mechanisms are localized to these points to trigger unique signaling pathways. keywords: biochemical; channels; et al; mechanisms; poirazi; spines cache: brainmatters-886.pdf plain text: brainmatters-886.txt item: #115 of 158 id: brainmatters-888 author: Masud, Sarah title: Using Cognitive Therapy Methods to Treat Musical Performance Anxiety date: 2023 words: 964 flesch: 45 summary: Copy of Volume 6 - publication Using Cognitive Therapy Methods to Treat Musical Performance Anxiety Sarah Masud When it comes to exams, public speaking, and completing tasks in general, performance anxiety appears to be a common experience. The difference is that social anxiety is broadly concerned with embarrassment and humiliation in social situations while individuals with performance anxiety specifically fear the consequences of performing poorly. keywords: anxiety; performance; thought cache: brainmatters-888.pdf plain text: brainmatters-888.txt item: #116 of 158 id: brainmatters-889 author: Acosta, Celeste title: The Neurobiological Basis of the Placebo Effect and Potential Therapeutic Applications date: 2023 words: 791 flesch: 60 summary: Placebo effects and the molecular biological components involved. In fact, the main area of the brain that stores mental representations of the world in order to create our own internal beliefs is the prefrontal cortex (Sathyanarayana Rao et al., 2009). keywords: brain; effect; placebo cache: brainmatters-889.pdf plain text: brainmatters-889.txt item: #117 of 158 id: brainmatters-890 author: Meskovich, Casey title: Alzheimer's and Microbes date: 2023 words: 1370 flesch: 58 summary: The Link Between Alzheimer Disease and Herpes Simplex Virus Infection: Better Late Than Never, or Better Never Than Late? National Library of Medicine. Now, Itzhaki’s work is the backbone of an ongoing, cutting-edge trial on antiviral treatments for Alzheimer’s at Columbia University. keywords: alzheimer; disease; march; virus cache: brainmatters-890.pdf plain text: brainmatters-890.txt item: #118 of 158 id: brainmatters-891 author: Wang, Violet title: Hippocampus Structure and Functions date: 2023 words: 1265 flesch: 55 summary: The hippocampus is divided in the middle into dorsal hippocampus and ventral hippocampus. Moreover, previous studies of anatomy revealed that the input and output connections of the dorsal hippocampus and ventral hippocampus are different (Swanson & Cowan, 1977). keywords: dorsal; hippocampus; ventral cache: brainmatters-891.pdf plain text: brainmatters-891.txt item: #119 of 158 id: brainmatters-892 author: Bashir, Neha title: Social Media Effect on Brain Plasticity date: 2023 words: 804 flesch: 56 summary: However, her infatuation for social media began to affect how well she was doing in class. Lucy’s addiction to social media provides insight on brain plasticity and the effect social media exposure has on it. keywords: brain; media cache: brainmatters-892.pdf plain text: brainmatters-892.txt item: #120 of 158 id: brainmatters-893 author: Kilikevicius, Laura title: Table of Contents date: 2023 words: 200 flesch: -10 summary: The Mind-body Problem and Cognitive Neuroscience: A Brief History and Outlook Alex Ball.......................................................................................15 Deep Brain Stimulation - Advancements in Clinical Medicine, Innovation in Cutting-Edge Technology Bilal Karim...................................................................................19 The Overlap Between Neuroscience and Psychiatry: An Exploration of the Effectiveness of Neurological Applications in Treating Psychiatric Disorders Michelle Bishka.............................................................................22 Unlocking the Inner Genius Within Shireen Aydogan............................................................................25 Biochemical Mechanisms of Dendritic Nonlinearities and their Application in Computational Models Matthew Babik...............................................................................28 iBrain Matters Volume VI Brain Matters Volume VI ii About the Writers...................................................................46 Meet the Board......................................................................43 Using Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Methods to Treat Musical Performance Anxiety Sarah Masud...................................................................................32 Hippocampus Structure & Functions Violet Wang....................................................................................39 The Neurobiological Basis of the Placebo Effect and Potential Therapeutic Applications Celeste Acosta.................................................................................34 Alzheimer's and Microbes Casey Meskovich.............................................................................36 Social Media Effect on Brain Plasticity Neha Bashir....................................................................................41 Micro-Articles....................................................................32 Copy of Volume 6 - publication Table of Contents Using Oxytocin as a Therapy For Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder Alisha Babu...................................................................................1 The Neurobiology Behind the Making of the Antisocial Personality Type Vyapti Patel...................................................................................7 Implications of GPCRs in Alzheimer’s Katilyn Simmons...........................................................................4 Can Gene Editing Be The Key to Treating Alzheimers? keywords: brain; volume cache: brainmatters-893.pdf plain text: brainmatters-893.txt item: #121 of 158 id: brainmatters-894 author: Kilikevicius, Laura title: Meet the Board date: 2023 words: 944 flesch: 53 summary: She is the Public Relations Chair and a writer for Brain Matters. My name is Sneha Mittal and I am the Treasurer and an Editor for Brain Matters. keywords: brain; matters; neuroscience cache: brainmatters-894.pdf plain text: brainmatters-894.txt item: #122 of 158 id: brainmatters-895 author: Kilikevicius, Laura title: About the Writers date: 2023 words: 1326 flesch: 55 summary: 46 Br ai n M at te rs W ri te rs Brain Matters Volume VI Br ai n M at te rs W ri te rs Bilal is an undergraduate student currently studying Biomolecular Engineering on a pre-med track. She is involved in Brain Matters as a design team member, editor, and writer. keywords: brain; matters; neuroscience; psychology cache: brainmatters-895.pdf plain text: brainmatters-895.txt item: #123 of 158 id: brainmatters-896 author: Kilikevicius, Laura title: About Brain Matters date: 2023 words: 121 flesch: 55 summary: Sponsors The Undergraduate Neuroscience Society (UNS) sponsors the Brain Matters journal. The journal is mainly written for the college community yet is accessible to anyone as Brain Matters is uploaded as an Open Access Journal format by the University Library. keywords: matters cache: brainmatters-896.pdf plain text: brainmatters-896.txt item: #124 of 158 id: brainmatters-918 author: Simmons, Katy title: Table of Contents date: 2024 words: 5 flesch: 66 summary: Copy of Volume 7 - Publication keywords: copy cache: brainmatters-918.pdf plain text: brainmatters-918.txt item: #125 of 158 id: brainmatters-919 author: Simmons, Katy title: About Brain Matters date: 2024 words: 5 flesch: 66 summary: Copy of Volume 7 - Publication keywords: copy cache: brainmatters-919.pdf plain text: brainmatters-919.txt item: #126 of 158 id: brainmatters-921 author: Gainski, Julia title: The Role of Multilingualism in the Brain's Developmental Life Span date: 2024 words: 5 flesch: 66 summary: Copy of Volume 7 - Publication keywords: copy cache: brainmatters-921.pdf plain text: brainmatters-921.txt item: #127 of 158 id: brainmatters-922 author: Agarwal, Khushi title: The Effect of Weight Training on Brain Function date: 2024 words: 5 flesch: 66 summary: Copy of Volume 7 - Publication keywords: copy cache: brainmatters-922.pdf plain text: brainmatters-922.txt item: #128 of 158 id: brainmatters-923 author: Park, Violet title: The Science Behind the Guilty Brain and the Future of Neuroprediction date: 2024 words: 5 flesch: 66 summary: Copy of Volume 7 - Publication keywords: copy cache: brainmatters-923.pdf plain text: brainmatters-923.txt item: #129 of 158 id: brainmatters-924 author: Bashir, Neha title: Stem Cell Therapy for Traumatic Brain Injury date: 2024 words: 5 flesch: 66 summary: Copy of Volume 7 - Publication keywords: copy cache: brainmatters-924.pdf plain text: brainmatters-924.txt item: #130 of 158 id: brainmatters-925 author: Nair, Delisha title: Exploring Human Memory and Understanding : The Human Tendency of Forgetting date: 2024 words: 5 flesch: 66 summary: Copy of Volume 7 - Publication keywords: copy cache: brainmatters-925.pdf plain text: brainmatters-925.txt item: #131 of 158 id: brainmatters-926 author: Patel, Vyapti title: Neurodegenerative Diseases & Preventatives date: 2024 words: 5 flesch: 66 summary: Copy of Volume 7 - Publication keywords: copy cache: brainmatters-926.pdf plain text: brainmatters-926.txt item: #132 of 158 id: brainmatters-927 author: Li, Yushan title: Comparison of SSRI and SNRI on Their Effects ofRelieving Major Anxiety date: 2024 words: 5 flesch: 66 summary: Copy of Volume 7 - Publication keywords: copy cache: brainmatters-927.pdf plain text: brainmatters-927.txt item: #133 of 158 id: brainmatters-928 author: Sharma, Vani title: The Impact of Classical Music on Neuroanatomy and Brain Functions date: 2024 words: 5 flesch: 66 summary: Copy of Volume 7 - Publication keywords: copy cache: brainmatters-928.pdf plain text: brainmatters-928.txt item: #134 of 158 id: brainmatters-929 author: Prakash, Ruchi title: Botulinum and Pain Relief date: 2024 words: 5 flesch: 66 summary: Copy of Volume 7 - Publication keywords: copy cache: brainmatters-929.pdf plain text: brainmatters-929.txt item: #135 of 158 id: brainmatters-930 author: Martin, Susanna title: Current Developments and Future Possibilities of Glioblastoma Treatment date: 2024 words: 5 flesch: 66 summary: Copy of Volume 7 - Publication keywords: copy cache: brainmatters-930.pdf plain text: brainmatters-930.txt item: #136 of 158 id: brainmatters-931 author: Masud, Sarah title: Analgesia: The Importance of Pain Relief date: 2024 words: 5 flesch: 66 summary: Copy of Volume 7 - Publication keywords: copy cache: brainmatters-931.pdf plain text: brainmatters-931.txt item: #137 of 158 id: brainmatters-932 author: Yeoh, Benedict; Burch, Rebecca M.; Hinman, James R. title: Mediation of Rat's Social Dominance by Medial Prefrontal Cortex Benedict date: 2024 words: 5 flesch: 66 summary: Copy of Volume 7 - Publication keywords: copy cache: brainmatters-932.pdf plain text: brainmatters-932.txt item: #138 of 158 id: brainmatters-933 author: Mu, Cynthia; Shao, Emily; Parker, Jones G. title: Immediate Early Gene Expression in D1-SPNs and D2-SPNs During a Striatum-dependent Reinforcement Learning Task date: 2024 words: 5 flesch: 66 summary: Copy of Volume 7 - Publication keywords: copy cache: brainmatters-933.pdf plain text: brainmatters-933.txt item: #139 of 158 id: brainmatters-934 author: Ford, Erin title: Dopamine: The Culprit Behind Alcohol Addiction date: 2024 words: 5 flesch: 66 summary: Copy of Volume 7 - Publication keywords: copy cache: brainmatters-934.pdf plain text: brainmatters-934.txt item: #140 of 158 id: brainmatters-935 author: Lu, Megan title: Robotic Romance : Psychology Behind Artificial Love date: 2024 words: 5 flesch: 66 summary: Copy of Volume 7 - Publication keywords: copy cache: brainmatters-935.pdf plain text: brainmatters-935.txt item: #141 of 158 id: brainmatters-936 author: Faith, Kaitlyn title: Mind Over Matter: Exploring the Efficacy of Placebo Painkillers date: 2024 words: 5 flesch: 66 summary: Copy of Volume 7 - Publication keywords: copy cache: brainmatters-936.pdf plain text: brainmatters-936.txt item: #142 of 158 id: brainmatters-937 author: Chitimilla, Rikhil title: Current Research Pertaining to the Correlation of Prion Proteins and Alzheimer's Disease date: 2024 words: 5 flesch: 66 summary: Copy of Volume 7 - Publication keywords: copy cache: brainmatters-937.pdf plain text: brainmatters-937.txt item: #143 of 158 id: brainmatters-938 author: Smith, Tyler title: Restoring Public Trust in Science and Clearing Up Misconceptions About Alzheimer's Disease Controversies date: 2024 words: 5 flesch: 66 summary: Copy of Volume 7 - Publication keywords: copy cache: brainmatters-938.pdf plain text: brainmatters-938.txt item: #144 of 158 id: brainmatters-939 author: Simmons, Katy title: Meet the Board date: 2024 words: 5 flesch: 66 summary: Copy of Volume 7 - Publication keywords: copy cache: brainmatters-939.pdf plain text: brainmatters-939.txt item: #145 of 158 id: brainmatters-940 author: Simmons, Katy title: Brain Matters Writers date: 2024 words: 5 flesch: 66 summary: Copy of Volume 7 - Publication keywords: copy cache: brainmatters-940.pdf plain text: brainmatters-940.txt item: #146 of 158 id: brainmatters-985 author: Bishka, Michelle title: About Brain Matters date: 2025 words: 135 flesch: 57 summary: The journal is mainly written for the college community yet is accessible to anyone as Brain Matters is published in an Open Access format by the University Library at the University of Illinois Urbana- Champaign. About Brain Matters Brain Matters discusses all things neuroscience, psychology, and biology written by UIUC’s very own. keywords: matters cache: brainmatters-985.pdf plain text: brainmatters-985.txt item: #147 of 158 id: brainmatters-986 author: Srivastava, Pravika title: Astrocytes and Their Role in Psychiatric Disorders date: 2025 words: 1530 flesch: 41 summary: The understanding of astrocytes and their relation to psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder is constantly evolving. Targeting astrocytes in the development of therapeutic interventions for psychiatric disorders is an emerging avenue of exploration. keywords: astrocytes; disorders; neurotransmitter; schizophrenia cache: brainmatters-986.pdf plain text: brainmatters-986.txt item: #148 of 158 id: brainmatters-988 author: Acosta, Celeste title: Fine tuning Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) treatment with Music-Based Interventions (MBI): An anatomical overview date: 2025 words: 2680 flesch: 50 summary: The scans showed increased blood flow to the areas ventral striatum, midbrain, amygdala, orbitofrontal cortex, and ventral medial prefrontal cortex (also involved in music memory), which were previously known to be activated during in response to “euphoria-inducing stimuli” (Blood et al., 2001). Music processing in the human brain is a dynamic and complex interplay of sensory, cognitive, and emotional functions that promotes healthy amounts of brain activity. keywords: alzheimer; brain; cortex; music; processing cache: brainmatters-988.pdf plain text: brainmatters-988.txt item: #149 of 158 id: brainmatters-990 author: Agarwal, Krisha title: Revolutionizing Treatment: Gene Therapy Offers Hope for Hurler Syndrome date: 2025 words: 1905 flesch: 36 summary: Recently, a new form of gene therapy, Proprietary System (PS) gene editing, has shown promising results in mice as a treatment method, as concluded by researchers at the University of Minnesota. However, amidst the promises of gene therapy lie inherent risks. keywords: brain; gene; hurler; idua; mps; syndrome; therapy cache: brainmatters-990.pdf plain text: brainmatters-990.txt item: #150 of 158 id: brainmatters-991 author: Masud, Sarah title: Unraveling the Links Between Synesthesia and Autism date: 2025 words: 2984 flesch: 42 summary: Comparing Synesthesia in Autism and Schizophrenia It is also worth questioning whether this increased prevalence of synesthesia is observed in other neurodevelopmental disorders or if it is specific to autism. Shared Traits Between Synesthesia and Autism Now that it is clear that synesthesia is more prevalent in autism, the next step is to ask why. keywords: autism; perception; synesthesia; synesthetes cache: brainmatters-991.pdf plain text: brainmatters-991.txt item: #151 of 158 id: brainmatters-992 author: Kennedy, Harrison title: Mesenchymal Stem Cell Regenerative Therapy in the Spine - Recent Advancements and Possible Applications: A Review date: 2025 words: 4637 flesch: 40 summary: As found by Yuan-haun Ma et al., the use of genetic modifications and tissue engineering like biomaterial scaffolding, produced greater functionality and motor rehabilitation in animal spine models (Xia et al., 2023). With the recent increase of interest in stem cell therapies, many Phase I studies, reports, and reviews have been published; however, significant clinical data is yet to be attained. keywords: cells; cord; et al; mscs; sci; spinal; stem; therapy; tissue cache: brainmatters-992.pdf plain text: brainmatters-992.txt item: #152 of 158 id: brainmatters-993 author: Agarwal, Krisha title: Inside Out: A Brain’s Tale of Introverts and Extraverts date: 2025 words: 966 flesch: 40 summary: Neurotransmitter pathways between introverts and extraverts (Medium, 2016) Environmental Influences Introversion and extraversion hold a genetic component, but environmental factors also play a role. As a result, extraverts have lower activity in their behavioral inhibition system, a functional loop including the ascending reticular activating system, the frontal lobes, septal regions, and hippocampus. keywords: extraversion; extraverts; introverts; personality cache: brainmatters-993.pdf plain text: brainmatters-993.txt item: #153 of 158 id: brainmatters-994 author: Sampathkumar, Ananya title: Optical Illusions: What Are They, and Why Do They Occur? date: 2025 words: 1447 flesch: 58 summary: Optical illusions, also called visual illusions, are a phenomenon that occurs when the perception of something differs from the actual reality of it ( Yoshimoto, et al. 2021). The mechanisms of the visual system behind visual illusions: From eye to brain. keywords: brain; illusions; information cache: brainmatters-994.pdf plain text: brainmatters-994.txt item: #154 of 158 id: brainmatters-995 author: Tuvilleja, Kaitlyn title: The Interplay of Cognitive and Emotional Control in Autism Spectrum Disorder date: 2025 words: 1221 flesch: 43 summary: This suggests a lack of cognitive control for ASD individuals may be more pronounced at earlier ages (Solomon et. ASD individuals usually have trouble understanding their own emotions and struggle to adjust their behavior depending on the situation. keywords: asd; control; individuals cache: brainmatters-995.pdf plain text: brainmatters-995.txt item: #155 of 158 id: brainmatters-996 author: Meskovich, Casey title: Glioblastoma Multiforme: Challenges and Advancements in Treatment date: 2025 words: 2688 flesch: 54 summary: GBM presents difficulties in treatment due to the delocalization of tumor cells, inherent resistance to most cancer drugs, and the limited capacity of the brain to repair itself. As a result, tumor cells and antigens can enter the lymphatic system and be transported to nearby lymph nodes (Koukourakis & Giatromanolaki, 2022). keywords: brain; cancer; cells; gbm; ncbi; tumors cache: brainmatters-996.pdf plain text: brainmatters-996.txt item: #156 of 158 id: brainmatters-997 author: Ford, Erin title: Practical Applications of The Circadian Rhythm date: 2025 words: 2692 flesch: 49 summary: A lack of properly functioning circadian rhythm can lead to various sleeping disorders, as well as issues related to the absence of zeitgebers—environmental signals like light, temperature, or food that cue the body to adapt its processes accordingly (Chaix, 2016). According to Benjamin Dose “Chronotherapy aims to exploit these differences in circadian rhythms by administering treatments at times when cancer cells are most vulnerable, and healthy cells are least vulnerable, thereby reducing toxicity and enhancing efficacy” (Dose, 2023). keywords: body; circadian; light; rhythm; sleep; timing cache: brainmatters-997.pdf plain text: brainmatters-997.txt item: #157 of 158 id: brainmatters-998 author: Afshari, Isabelle title: Understanding Common Personality Disorders: The Neurological Basis of OCD, NPD, and BPD date: 2025 words: 1989 flesch: 36 summary: Understanding Common Personality Disorders: the Neurological Basis of OCD, NPD, and BPD Isabelle Afshari Abstract Historically, the complexity of personality disorders has posed challenges to both diagnosis and treatment; however, with advances in technology, various studies have begun making new developments to elucidate the neurobiological causes of many of the most common personality disorders, such as obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), narcissistic personality disorder (NPD), and borderline personality disorder (BPD). Because of the vast range of behaviors that can be characterized as general personality disorders, symptoms are sorted into three clusters, labeled Cluster A, Cluster B, and Cluster C. Cluster A personality disorders are considered the more “severe” types of personality disorders, with symptoms including “odd beliefs, unusual perceptual experiences, odd thinking and speech, paranoid ideation, and odd or eccentric appearance or behavior” (Esterberg, Goulding, & Walker, 2010). keywords: borderline; cluster; disorder; ocd; personality; personality disorder cache: brainmatters-998.pdf plain text: brainmatters-998.txt item: #158 of 158 id: brainmatters-999 author: Sharma, Vani title: Can Expressing Gratitude Make You Happier & Healthier? date: 2025 words: 1645 flesch: 54 summary: Even just small acts of gratitude a day can tremendously improve brain health. One study from the National Library of Medicine demonstrated that those who showed gratitude as opposed to resentment had lower heart rates, as shown in Figure 2 (Kyeong et al., 2017). keywords: brain; gratitude; self; talk cache: brainmatters-999.pdf plain text: brainmatters-999.txt