id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentence	flesch	summary	cache	txt
blj-559	Daniel, Jessica	7,341 Incidents and Counting: Analyzing the Evolution of American Hate Crime Legislation and How it Varies by State	2023	22	.pdf	application/pdf	7420	521	48	Hate crimes are not a recent phenomenon, but they are a continually increasing trend.82 Hate crimes send a powerful message to members of a victim’s group that they are “unwelcome and unsafe in their communities,” and can further marginalize minority groups.83 In 2019, 7,314 total hate crimes were reported across the country (a 3.95% increase from 2018), but because of issues related to reporting (to be explained more in-depth in a later section of this paper), it is estimated that more than half of all hate incidents that could be reported are not formally documented.84,85 In a study regarding hate crimes, sociologists Jack McDevitt and Jack Levin categorized hate crimes into four classifications. Brandeis University Law Journal Fall 2021, Volume 9, Issue 1 7,341 Incidents and Counting: Analyzing the Evolution of American Hate Crime Legislation and How it Varies by State Jessica Daniel78 This article will explore what hate crimes are, and explore why they have been on the rise in recent years.	cache/blj-559.pdf	txt/blj-559.txt