id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
blj-559	1	1	brandeis	brandeis	PROPN
blj-559	1	2	university	university	PROPN
blj-559	1	3	law	law	PROPN
blj-559	1	4	journal	journal	NOUN
blj-559	1	5	fall	fall	VERB
blj-559	1	6	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	1	7	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	1	8	volume	volume	NOUN
blj-559	1	9	9	9	NUM
blj-559	1	10	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	1	11	issue	issue	VERB
blj-559	1	12	1	1	NUM
blj-559	1	13	7,341	7,341	NUM
blj-559	1	14	incidents	incident	NOUN
blj-559	1	15	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	1	16	counting	counting	NOUN
blj-559	1	17	:	:	PUNCT
blj-559	1	18	analyzing	analyze	VERB
blj-559	1	19	the	the	DET
blj-559	1	20	evolution	evolution	NOUN
blj-559	1	21	of	of	ADP
blj-559	1	22	american	american	PROPN
blj-559	1	23	hate	hate	PROPN
blj-559	1	24	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	1	25	legislation	legislation	NOUN
blj-559	1	26	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	1	27	how	how	SCONJ
blj-559	1	28	it	it	PRON
blj-559	1	29	varies	vary	VERB
blj-559	1	30	by	by	ADP
blj-559	1	31	state	state	PROPN
blj-559	1	32	jessica	jessica	PROPN
blj-559	1	33	daniel78	daniel78	VERB
blj-559	1	34	this	this	DET
blj-559	1	35	article	article	NOUN
blj-559	1	36	will	will	AUX
blj-559	1	37	explore	explore	VERB
blj-559	1	38	what	what	PRON
blj-559	1	39	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	1	40	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	1	41	are	be	AUX
blj-559	1	42	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	1	43	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	1	44	explore	explore	VERB
blj-559	1	45	why	why	SCONJ
blj-559	1	46	they	they	PRON
blj-559	1	47	have	have	AUX
blj-559	1	48	been	be	AUX
blj-559	1	49	on	on	ADP
blj-559	1	50	the	the	DET
blj-559	1	51	rise	rise	NOUN
blj-559	1	52	in	in	ADP
blj-559	1	53	recent	recent	ADJ
blj-559	1	54	years	year	NOUN
blj-559	1	55	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	2	1	i	i	PRON
blj-559	2	2	will	will	AUX
blj-559	2	3	track	track	VERB
blj-559	2	4	the	the	DET
blj-559	2	5	evolution	evolution	NOUN
blj-559	2	6	of	of	ADP
blj-559	2	7	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	2	8	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	2	9	legislation	legislation	NOUN
blj-559	2	10	on	on	ADP
blj-559	2	11	both	both	CCONJ
blj-559	2	12	a	a	DET
blj-559	2	13	federal	federal	ADJ
blj-559	2	14	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	2	15	state	state	NOUN
blj-559	2	16	level	level	NOUN
blj-559	2	17	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	2	18	argue	argue	VERB
blj-559	2	19	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	2	20	while	while	SCONJ
blj-559	2	21	rises	rise	NOUN
blj-559	2	22	in	in	ADP
blj-559	2	23	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	2	24	are	be	AUX
blj-559	2	25	consistent	consistent	ADJ
blj-559	2	26	throughout	throughout	ADP
blj-559	2	27	time	time	NOUN
blj-559	2	28	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	2	29	they	they	PRON
blj-559	2	30	are	be	AUX
blj-559	2	31	also	also	ADV
blj-559	2	32	episodic	episodic	ADJ
blj-559	2	33	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	3	1	i	i	PRON
blj-559	3	2	will	will	AUX
blj-559	3	3	justify	justify	VERB
blj-559	3	4	the	the	DET
blj-559	3	5	need	need	NOUN
blj-559	3	6	for	for	ADP
blj-559	3	7	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	3	8	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	3	9	legislation	legislation	NOUN
blj-559	3	10	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	3	11	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
blj-559	3	12	how	how	SCONJ
blj-559	3	13	state	state	NOUN
blj-559	3	14	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	3	15	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	3	16	laws	law	NOUN
blj-559	3	17	vastly	vastly	ADV
blj-559	3	18	differ	differ	VERB
blj-559	3	19	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	3	20	using	use	VERB
blj-559	3	21	a	a	DET
blj-559	3	22	case	case	NOUN
blj-559	3	23	study	study	NOUN
blj-559	3	24	as	as	ADP
blj-559	3	25	support	support	NOUN
blj-559	3	26	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	4	1	i	i	PRON
blj-559	4	2	will	will	AUX
blj-559	4	3	make	make	VERB
blj-559	4	4	policy	policy	NOUN
blj-559	4	5	suggestions	suggestion	NOUN
blj-559	4	6	to	to	PART
blj-559	4	7	improve	improve	VERB
blj-559	4	8	existing	exist	VERB
blj-559	4	9	legislation	legislation	NOUN
blj-559	4	10	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	4	11	advocate	advocate	VERB
blj-559	4	12	for	for	ADP
blj-559	4	13	an	an	DET
blj-559	4	14	increase	increase	NOUN
blj-559	4	15	in	in	ADP
blj-559	4	16	federal	federal	ADJ
blj-559	4	17	funding	funding	NOUN
blj-559	4	18	allocated	allocate	VERB
blj-559	4	19	to	to	PART
blj-559	4	20	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	4	21	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	4	22	training	training	NOUN
blj-559	4	23	for	for	ADP
blj-559	4	24	law	law	NOUN
blj-559	4	25	enforcement	enforcement	NOUN
blj-559	4	26	agencies	agency	NOUN
blj-559	4	27	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	5	1	lastly	lastly	ADV
blj-559	5	2	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	5	3	i	i	PRON
blj-559	5	4	will	will	AUX
blj-559	5	5	suggest	suggest	VERB
blj-559	5	6	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	5	7	training	training	NOUN
blj-559	5	8	should	should	AUX
blj-559	5	9	also	also	ADV
blj-559	5	10	be	be	AUX
blj-559	5	11	required	require	VERB
blj-559	5	12	in	in	ADP
blj-559	5	13	schools	school	NOUN
blj-559	5	14	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	5	15	workplaces	workplace	NOUN
blj-559	5	16	in	in	ADP
blj-559	5	17	order	order	NOUN
blj-559	5	18	to	to	PART
blj-559	5	19	diminish	diminish	VERB
blj-559	5	20	ignorance	ignorance	NOUN
blj-559	5	21	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	5	22	intolerance	intolerance	NOUN
blj-559	5	23	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	5	24	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	5	25	to	to	PART
blj-559	5	26	encourage	encourage	VERB
blj-559	5	27	communities	community	NOUN
blj-559	5	28	to	to	PART
blj-559	5	29	embrace	embrace	VERB
blj-559	5	30	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	5	31	celebrate	celebrate	VERB
blj-559	5	32	diversity	diversity	NOUN
blj-559	5	33	rather	rather	ADV
blj-559	5	34	than	than	ADP
blj-559	5	35	fear	fear	VERB
blj-559	5	36	it	it	PRON
blj-559	5	37	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	6	1	what	what	PRON
blj-559	6	2	is	be	AUX
blj-559	6	3	a	a	DET
blj-559	6	4	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	6	5	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	6	6	?	?	PUNCT
blj-559	7	1	before	before	ADP
blj-559	7	2	elucidating	elucidate	VERB
blj-559	7	3	the	the	DET
blj-559	7	4	complexities	complexity	NOUN
blj-559	7	5	associated	associate	VERB
blj-559	7	6	with	with	ADP
blj-559	7	7	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	7	8	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	7	9	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	7	10	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	7	11	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	7	12	legislation	legislation	NOUN
blj-559	7	13	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	7	14	it	it	PRON
blj-559	7	15	is	be	AUX
blj-559	7	16	important	important	ADJ
blj-559	7	17	to	to	PART
blj-559	7	18	first	first	ADV
blj-559	7	19	define	define	VERB
blj-559	7	20	what	what	PRON
blj-559	7	21	a	a	DET
blj-559	7	22	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	7	23	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	7	24	is	be	AUX
blj-559	7	25	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	7	26	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	7	27	explain	explain	VERB
blj-559	7	28	why	why	SCONJ
blj-559	7	29	these	these	DET
blj-559	7	30	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	7	31	occur	occur	VERB
blj-559	7	32	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	8	1	considering	consider	VERB
blj-559	8	2	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	8	3	each	each	DET
blj-559	8	4	state	state	NOUN
blj-559	8	5	has	have	VERB
blj-559	8	6	its	its	PRON
blj-559	8	7	own	own	ADJ
blj-559	8	8	legal	legal	ADJ
blj-559	8	9	definition	definition	NOUN
blj-559	8	10	of	of	ADP
blj-559	8	11	the	the	DET
blj-559	8	12	term	term	NOUN
blj-559	8	13	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	8	14	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	8	15	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	8	16	it	it	PRON
blj-559	8	17	is	be	AUX
blj-559	8	18	challenging	challenge	VERB
blj-559	8	19	to	to	PART
blj-559	8	20	pinpoint	pinpoint	VERB
blj-559	8	21	its	its	PRON
blj-559	8	22	exact	exact	ADJ
blj-559	8	23	definition	definition	NOUN
blj-559	8	24	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	9	1	however	however	ADV
blj-559	9	2	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	9	3	the	the	DET
blj-559	9	4	general	general	ADJ
blj-559	9	5	consensus	consensus	NOUN
blj-559	9	6	among	among	ADP
blj-559	9	7	scholars	scholar	NOUN
blj-559	9	8	is	be	AUX
blj-559	9	9	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	9	10	a	a	DET
blj-559	9	11	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	9	12	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	9	13	has	have	VERB
blj-559	9	14	three	three	NUM
blj-559	9	15	main	main	ADJ
blj-559	9	16	components	component	NOUN
blj-559	9	17	:	:	PUNCT
blj-559	9	18	(	(	PUNCT
blj-559	9	19	1	1	X
blj-559	9	20	)	)	PUNCT
blj-559	9	21	it	it	PRON
blj-559	9	22	must	must	AUX
blj-559	9	23	be	be	AUX
blj-559	9	24	a	a	DET
blj-559	9	25	threatened	threaten	VERB
blj-559	9	26	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	9	27	attempted	attempt	VERB
blj-559	9	28	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	9	29	or	or	CCONJ
blj-559	9	30	completed	complete	VERB
blj-559	9	31	overt	overt	ADJ
blj-559	9	32	criminal	criminal	ADJ
blj-559	9	33	act	act	NOUN
blj-559	9	34	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	9	35	(	(	PUNCT
blj-559	9	36	2	2	X
blj-559	9	37	)	)	PUNCT
blj-559	9	38	it	it	PRON
blj-559	9	39	must	must	AUX
blj-559	9	40	be	be	AUX
blj-559	9	41	intentionally	intentionally	ADV
blj-559	9	42	motivated	motivate	VERB
blj-559	9	43	by	by	ADP
blj-559	9	44	bias	bias	NOUN
blj-559	9	45	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	9	46	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	9	47	(	(	PUNCT
blj-559	9	48	3	3	X
blj-559	9	49	)	)	PUNCT
blj-559	9	50	it	it	PRON
blj-559	9	51	must	must	AUX
blj-559	9	52	target	target	VERB
blj-559	9	53	a	a	DET
blj-559	9	54	specific	specific	ADJ
blj-559	9	55	category	category	NOUN
blj-559	9	56	of	of	ADP
blj-559	9	57	identity	identity	NOUN
blj-559	9	58	or	or	CCONJ
blj-559	9	59	property	property	NOUN
blj-559	9	60	that	that	PRON
blj-559	9	61	is	be	AUX
blj-559	9	62	protected	protect	VERB
blj-559	9	63	by	by	ADP
blj-559	9	64	law	law	NOUN
blj-559	9	65	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	10	1	what	what	PRON
blj-559	10	2	is	be	AUX
blj-559	10	3	considered	consider	VERB
blj-559	10	4	a	a	DET
blj-559	10	5	protected	protect	VERB
blj-559	10	6	category	category	NOUN
blj-559	10	7	varies	vary	VERB
blj-559	10	8	by	by	ADP
blj-559	10	9	state	state	NOUN
blj-559	10	10	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	10	11	can	can	AUX
blj-559	10	12	often	often	ADV
blj-559	10	13	be	be	AUX
blj-559	10	14	controversial	controversial	ADJ
blj-559	10	15	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	11	1	the	the	DET
blj-559	11	2	most	most	ADV
blj-559	11	3	common	common	ADJ
blj-559	11	4	protected	protect	VERB
blj-559	11	5	categories	category	NOUN
blj-559	11	6	are	be	AUX
blj-559	11	7	race	race	NOUN
blj-559	11	8	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	11	9	ethnicity	ethnicity	NOUN
blj-559	11	10	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	11	11	religion	religion	NOUN
blj-559	11	12	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	11	13	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	11	14	national	national	ADJ
blj-559	11	15	origin	origin	NOUN
blj-559	11	16	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	12	1	in	in	ADP
blj-559	12	2	the	the	DET
blj-559	12	3	wake	wake	NOUN
blj-559	12	4	of	of	ADP
blj-559	12	5	the	the	DET
blj-559	12	6	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
blj-559	12	7	pandemic	pandemic	NOUN
blj-559	12	8	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	12	9	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	12	10	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	12	11	directed	direct	VERB
blj-559	12	12	toward	toward	ADP
blj-559	12	13	asian	asian	ADJ
blj-559	12	14	americans	americans	PROPN
blj-559	12	15	have	have	AUX
blj-559	12	16	been	be	AUX
blj-559	12	17	on	on	ADP
blj-559	12	18	the	the	DET
blj-559	12	19	rise	rise	NOUN
blj-559	12	20	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	12	21	with	with	ADP
blj-559	12	22	at	at	ADV
blj-559	12	23	least	least	ADV
blj-559	12	24	2,800	2,800	NUM
blj-559	12	25	incidents	incident	NOUN
blj-559	12	26	reported	report	VERB
blj-559	12	27	in	in	ADP
blj-559	12	28	2020	2020	NUM
blj-559	12	29	across	across	ADP
blj-559	12	30	the	the	DET
blj-559	12	31	nation.79	nation.79	NOUN
blj-559	12	32	according	accord	VERB
blj-559	12	33	to	to	ADP
blj-559	12	34	the	the	DET
blj-559	12	35	anti	anti	ADJ
blj-559	12	36	-	-	ADJ
blj-559	12	37	defamation	defamation	ADJ
blj-559	12	38	league	league	NOUN
blj-559	12	39	audit	audit	NOUN
blj-559	12	40	of	of	ADP
blj-559	12	41	antisemitic	antisemitic	ADJ
blj-559	12	42	incidents	incident	NOUN
blj-559	12	43	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	12	44	in	in	ADP
blj-559	12	45	2020	2020	NUM
blj-559	12	46	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	12	47	there	there	PRON
blj-559	12	48	were	be	VERB
blj-559	12	49	2,024	2,024	NUM
blj-559	12	50	reported	report	VERB
blj-559	12	51	antisemitic	antisemitic	ADJ
blj-559	12	52	incidents	incident	NOUN
blj-559	12	53	in	in	ADP
blj-559	12	54	the	the	DET
blj-559	12	55	united	united	PROPN
blj-559	12	56	states	states	PROPN
blj-559	12	57	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	12	58	including	include	VERB
blj-559	12	59	1,242	1,242	NUM
blj-559	12	60	cases	case	NOUN
blj-559	12	61	of	of	ADP
blj-559	12	62	78	78	NUM
blj-559	12	63	brandeis	brandeis	PROPN
blj-559	12	64	university	university	NOUN
blj-559	12	65	undergraduate	undergraduate	NOUN
blj-559	12	66	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	12	67	class	class	NOUN
blj-559	12	68	of	of	ADP
blj-559	12	69	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	12	70	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	13	1	79	79	NUM
blj-559	13	2	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	13	3	covid	covid	PROPN
blj-559	13	4	'	'	PUNCT
blj-559	13	5	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	13	6	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	13	7	'	'	PART
blj-559	13	8	against	against	ADP
blj-559	13	9	asian	asian	ADJ
blj-559	13	10	americans	americans	PROPN
blj-559	13	11	on	on	ADP
blj-559	13	12	the	the	DET
blj-559	13	13	rise	rise	NOUN
blj-559	13	14	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	13	15	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	14	1	bbc	bbc	PROPN
blj-559	14	2	news	news	PROPN
blj-559	14	3	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	14	4	april	april	PROPN
blj-559	14	5	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	14	6	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	15	1	https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-56218684	https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-56218684	INTJ
blj-559	15	2	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	16	1	45	45	NUM
blj-559	16	2	brandeis	brandeis	PROPN
blj-559	16	3	university	university	PROPN
blj-559	16	4	law	law	PROPN
blj-559	16	5	journal	journal	NOUN
blj-559	16	6	fall	fall	VERB
blj-559	16	7	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	16	8	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	16	9	volume	volume	NOUN
blj-559	16	10	9	9	NUM
blj-559	16	11	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	16	12	issue	issue	NOUN
blj-559	16	13	1	1	NUM
blj-559	16	14	harassment	harassment	NOUN
blj-559	16	15	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	16	16	751	751	NUM
blj-559	16	17	incidents	incident	NOUN
blj-559	16	18	of	of	ADP
blj-559	16	19	vandalism	vandalism	NOUN
blj-559	16	20	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	16	21	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	16	22	31	31	NUM
blj-559	16	23	cases	case	NOUN
blj-559	16	24	of	of	ADP
blj-559	16	25	assault.80	assault.80	NOUN
blj-559	16	26	additionally	additionally	ADV
blj-559	16	27	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	16	28	the	the	DET
blj-559	16	29	human	human	ADJ
blj-559	16	30	rights	right	NOUN
blj-559	16	31	commission	commission	NOUN
blj-559	16	32	reported	report	VERB
blj-559	16	33	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	16	34	37	37	NUM
blj-559	16	35	transgender	transgender	NOUN
blj-559	16	36	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	16	37	gender	gender	NOUN
blj-559	16	38	non	non	ADJ
blj-559	16	39	-	-	ADJ
blj-559	16	40	conforming	conforming	ADJ
blj-559	16	41	people	people	NOUN
blj-559	16	42	were	be	AUX
blj-559	16	43	killed.81	killed.81	NOUN
blj-559	16	44	these	these	DET
blj-559	16	45	days	day	NOUN
blj-559	16	46	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	16	47	it	it	PRON
blj-559	16	48	seems	seem	VERB
blj-559	16	49	as	as	SCONJ
blj-559	16	50	though	though	SCONJ
blj-559	16	51	reports	report	NOUN
blj-559	16	52	of	of	ADP
blj-559	16	53	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	16	54	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	16	55	are	be	AUX
blj-559	16	56	always	always	ADV
blj-559	16	57	in	in	ADP
blj-559	16	58	the	the	DET
blj-559	16	59	news	news	NOUN
blj-559	16	60	cycle	cycle	NOUN
blj-559	16	61	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	16	62	putting	put	VERB
blj-559	16	63	names	name	NOUN
blj-559	16	64	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	16	65	faces	face	NOUN
blj-559	16	66	to	to	ADP
blj-559	16	67	these	these	DET
blj-559	16	68	evergrowing	evergrowe	VERB
blj-559	16	69	statistics	statistic	NOUN
blj-559	16	70	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	16	71	attracting	attract	VERB
blj-559	16	72	national	national	ADJ
blj-559	16	73	attention	attention	NOUN
blj-559	16	74	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	17	1	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	17	2	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	17	3	are	be	AUX
blj-559	17	4	not	not	PART
blj-559	17	5	a	a	DET
blj-559	17	6	recent	recent	ADJ
blj-559	17	7	phenomenon	phenomenon	NOUN
blj-559	17	8	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	17	9	but	but	CCONJ
blj-559	17	10	they	they	PRON
blj-559	17	11	are	be	AUX
blj-559	17	12	a	a	DET
blj-559	17	13	continually	continually	ADV
blj-559	17	14	increasing	increase	VERB
blj-559	17	15	trend.82	trend.82	NOUN
blj-559	17	16	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	17	17	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	17	18	send	send	VERB
blj-559	17	19	a	a	DET
blj-559	17	20	powerful	powerful	ADJ
blj-559	17	21	message	message	NOUN
blj-559	17	22	to	to	ADP
blj-559	17	23	members	member	NOUN
blj-559	17	24	of	of	ADP
blj-559	17	25	a	a	DET
blj-559	17	26	victim	victim	NOUN
blj-559	17	27	’s	’s	PART
blj-559	17	28	group	group	NOUN
blj-559	17	29	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	17	30	they	they	PRON
blj-559	17	31	are	be	AUX
blj-559	17	32	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	17	33	unwelcome	unwelcome	ADJ
blj-559	17	34	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	17	35	unsafe	unsafe	ADJ
blj-559	17	36	in	in	ADP
blj-559	17	37	their	their	PRON
blj-559	17	38	communities	community	NOUN
blj-559	17	39	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	17	40	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	17	41	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	17	42	can	can	AUX
blj-559	17	43	further	far	ADV
blj-559	17	44	marginalize	marginalize	VERB
blj-559	17	45	minority	minority	NOUN
blj-559	17	46	groups.83	groups.83	NOUN
blj-559	17	47	in	in	ADP
blj-559	17	48	2019	2019	NUM
blj-559	17	49	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	17	50	7,314	7,314	NUM
blj-559	17	51	total	total	ADJ
blj-559	17	52	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	17	53	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	17	54	were	be	AUX
blj-559	17	55	reported	report	VERB
blj-559	17	56	across	across	ADP
blj-559	17	57	the	the	DET
blj-559	17	58	country	country	NOUN
blj-559	17	59	(	(	PUNCT
blj-559	17	60	a	a	DET
blj-559	17	61	3.95	3.95	NUM
blj-559	17	62	%	%	NOUN
blj-559	17	63	increase	increase	NOUN
blj-559	17	64	from	from	ADP
blj-559	17	65	2018	2018	NUM
blj-559	17	66	)	)	PUNCT
blj-559	17	67	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	17	68	but	but	CCONJ
blj-559	17	69	because	because	SCONJ
blj-559	17	70	of	of	ADP
blj-559	17	71	issues	issue	NOUN
blj-559	17	72	related	relate	VERB
blj-559	17	73	to	to	ADP
blj-559	17	74	reporting	report	VERB
blj-559	17	75	(	(	PUNCT
blj-559	17	76	to	to	PART
blj-559	17	77	be	be	AUX
blj-559	17	78	explained	explain	VERB
blj-559	17	79	more	more	ADV
blj-559	17	80	in	in	ADP
blj-559	17	81	-	-	PUNCT
blj-559	17	82	depth	depth	NOUN
blj-559	17	83	in	in	ADP
blj-559	17	84	a	a	DET
blj-559	17	85	later	later	ADJ
blj-559	17	86	section	section	NOUN
blj-559	17	87	of	of	ADP
blj-559	17	88	this	this	DET
blj-559	17	89	paper	paper	NOUN
blj-559	17	90	)	)	PUNCT
blj-559	17	91	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	17	92	it	it	PRON
blj-559	17	93	is	be	AUX
blj-559	17	94	estimated	estimate	VERB
blj-559	17	95	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	17	96	more	more	ADJ
blj-559	17	97	than	than	ADP
blj-559	17	98	half	half	NOUN
blj-559	17	99	of	of	ADP
blj-559	17	100	all	all	DET
blj-559	17	101	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	17	102	incidents	incident	NOUN
blj-559	17	103	that	that	PRON
blj-559	17	104	could	could	AUX
blj-559	17	105	be	be	AUX
blj-559	17	106	reported	report	VERB
blj-559	17	107	are	be	AUX
blj-559	17	108	not	not	PART
blj-559	17	109	formally	formally	ADV
blj-559	17	110	documented.84,85	documented.84,85	VERB
blj-559	17	111	in	in	ADP
blj-559	17	112	a	a	DET
blj-559	17	113	study	study	NOUN
blj-559	17	114	regarding	regard	VERB
blj-559	17	115	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	17	116	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	17	117	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	17	118	sociologists	sociologist	NOUN
blj-559	17	119	jack	jack	PROPN
blj-559	17	120	mcdevitt	mcdevitt	PROPN
blj-559	17	121	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	17	122	jack	jack	PROPN
blj-559	17	123	levin	levin	PROPN
blj-559	17	124	categorized	categorize	VERB
blj-559	17	125	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	17	126	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	17	127	into	into	ADP
blj-559	17	128	four	four	NUM
blj-559	17	129	classifications	classification	NOUN
blj-559	17	130	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	18	1	the	the	DET
blj-559	18	2	first	first	ADJ
blj-559	18	3	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	18	4	most	most	ADV
blj-559	18	5	common	common	ADJ
blj-559	18	6	classification	classification	NOUN
blj-559	18	7	is	be	AUX
blj-559	18	8	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	18	9	thrill	thrill	ADJ
blj-559	18	10	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	18	11	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	18	12	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	18	13	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	18	14	meaning	mean	VERB
blj-559	18	15	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	18	16	offenders	offender	NOUN
blj-559	18	17	are	be	AUX
blj-559	18	18	looking	look	VERB
blj-559	18	19	to	to	PART
blj-559	18	20	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	18	21	have	have	VERB
blj-559	18	22	some	some	DET
blj-559	18	23	fun	fun	NOUN
blj-559	18	24	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	18	25	stir	stir	VERB
blj-559	18	26	up	up	ADP
blj-559	18	27	a	a	DET
blj-559	18	28	little	little	ADJ
blj-559	18	29	excitement	excitement	NOUN
blj-559	18	30	…	…	PUNCT
blj-559	18	31	but	but	CCONJ
blj-559	18	32	at	at	ADP
blj-559	18	33	someone	someone	PRON
blj-559	18	34	else	else	ADV
blj-559	18	35	’s	’s	PART
blj-559	18	36	expense	expense	NOUN
blj-559	18	37	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	19	1	”86	”86	NOUN
blj-559	19	2	they	they	PRON
blj-559	19	3	rarely	rarely	ADV
blj-559	19	4	know	know	VERB
blj-559	19	5	their	their	PRON
blj-559	19	6	victims	victim	NOUN
blj-559	19	7	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	19	8	choose	choose	VERB
blj-559	19	9	to	to	PART
blj-559	19	10	target	target	VERB
blj-559	19	11	a	a	DET
blj-559	19	12	certain	certain	ADJ
blj-559	19	13	individual	individual	NOUN
blj-559	19	14	who	who	PRON
blj-559	19	15	differs	differ	VERB
blj-559	19	16	from	from	ADP
blj-559	19	17	them	they	PRON
blj-559	19	18	for	for	ADP
blj-559	19	19	psychological	psychological	ADJ
blj-559	19	20	80	80	NUM
blj-559	19	21	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	19	22	audit	audit	NOUN
blj-559	19	23	of	of	ADP
blj-559	19	24	antisemitic	antisemitic	ADJ
blj-559	19	25	incidents	incident	NOUN
blj-559	19	26	2020	2020	NUM
blj-559	19	27	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	19	28	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	20	1	anti	anti	ADJ
blj-559	20	2	-	-	ADJ
blj-559	20	3	defamation	defamation	ADJ
blj-559	20	4	league	league	NOUN
blj-559	20	5	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	21	1	anti	anti	ADJ
blj-559	21	2	-	-	ADJ
blj-559	21	3	defamation	defamation	ADJ
blj-559	21	4	league	league	NOUN
blj-559	21	5	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	21	6	april	april	PROPN
blj-559	21	7	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	21	8	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	22	1	https://www.adl.org/audit2020#executive-summary	https://www.adl.org/audit2020#executive-summary	PROPN
blj-559	22	2	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	23	1	81	81	NUM
blj-559	23	2	roberts	roberts	PROPN
blj-559	23	3	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	23	4	madeleine	madeleine	PROPN
blj-559	23	5	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	24	1	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	24	2	marking	mark	VERB
blj-559	24	3	the	the	DET
blj-559	24	4	deadliest	deadly	ADJ
blj-559	24	5	year	year	NOUN
blj-559	24	6	on	on	ADP
blj-559	24	7	record	record	NOUN
blj-559	24	8	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	24	9	hrc	hrc	PROPN
blj-559	24	10	releases	release	VERB
blj-559	24	11	report	report	NOUN
blj-559	24	12	on	on	ADP
blj-559	24	13	violence	violence	NOUN
blj-559	24	14	against	against	ADP
blj-559	24	15	transgender	transgender	NOUN
blj-559	24	16	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	24	17	gender	gender	NOUN
blj-559	24	18	non	non	ADJ
blj-559	24	19	-	-	ADJ
blj-559	24	20	conforming	conforming	ADJ
blj-559	24	21	people	people	NOUN
blj-559	24	22	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	24	23	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	25	1	the	the	DET
blj-559	25	2	human	human	ADJ
blj-559	25	3	rights	right	NOUN
blj-559	25	4	campaign	campaign	NOUN
blj-559	25	5	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	26	1	the	the	DET
blj-559	26	2	human	human	ADJ
blj-559	26	3	rights	right	NOUN
blj-559	26	4	campaign	campaign	NOUN
blj-559	26	5	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	26	6	november	november	PROPN
blj-559	26	7	19	19	NUM
blj-559	26	8	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	26	9	2020	2020	NUM
blj-559	26	10	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	27	1	https://www.hrc.org/pressreleases/marking-the-deadliest-year-on-record-hrc-releases-report-on-violence-againsttransgender-and-gender-non-conforming-people	https://www.hrc.org/pressreleases/marking-the-deadliest-year-on-record-hrc-releases-report-on-violence-againsttransgender-and-gender-non-conforming-people	PROPN
blj-559	27	2	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	28	1	82	82	NUM
blj-559	28	2	hernandez	hernandez	PROPN
blj-559	28	3	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	28	4	joe	joe	PROPN
blj-559	28	5	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	29	1	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	29	2	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	29	3	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	29	4	reach	reach	VERB
blj-559	29	5	the	the	DET
blj-559	29	6	highest	high	ADJ
blj-559	29	7	level	level	NOUN
blj-559	29	8	in	in	ADP
blj-559	29	9	more	more	ADJ
blj-559	29	10	than	than	ADP
blj-559	29	11	a	a	PRON
blj-559	29	12	decade	decade	NOUN
blj-559	29	13	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	29	14	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	30	1	npr	npr	PROPN
blj-559	30	2	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	30	3	1	1	NUM
blj-559	30	4	sept	sept	PROPN
blj-559	30	5	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	30	6	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	30	7	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	30	8	https://www.npr.org/2021/08/31/1032932257/hate-crimes-reach-thehighest-level-in-more-than-a-decade?t=1634395011991	https://www.npr.org/2021/08/31/1032932257/hate-crimes-reach-thehighest-level-in-more-than-a-decade?t=1634395011991	PROPN
blj-559	30	9	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	30	10	83	83	NUM
blj-559	31	1	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	31	2	the	the	DET
blj-559	31	3	psychology	psychology	NOUN
blj-559	31	4	of	of	ADP
blj-559	31	5	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	31	6	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	31	7	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	31	8	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	32	1	american	american	PROPN
blj-559	32	2	psychological	psychological	PROPN
blj-559	32	3	association	association	PROPN
blj-559	32	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	33	1	american	american	PROPN
blj-559	33	2	psychological	psychological	PROPN
blj-559	33	3	association	association	PROPN
blj-559	33	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	33	5	august	august	PROPN
blj-559	33	6	2017	2017	NUM
blj-559	33	7	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	34	1	https://www.apa.org/advocacy/interpersonalviolence/hate-crimes	https://www.apa.org/advocacy/interpersonalviolence/hate-crimes	PROPN
blj-559	34	2	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	35	1	84	84	NUM
blj-559	35	2	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	35	3	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	35	4	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	35	5	statistics	statistic	NOUN
blj-559	35	6	(	(	PUNCT
blj-559	35	7	2019	2019	NUM
blj-559	35	8	)	)	PUNCT
blj-559	35	9	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	35	10	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	36	1	the	the	DET
blj-559	36	2	united	united	PROPN
blj-559	36	3	states	states	PROPN
blj-559	36	4	department	department	PROPN
blj-559	36	5	of	of	ADP
blj-559	36	6	justice	justice	PROPN
blj-559	36	7	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	37	1	u.s	u.s	PROPN
blj-559	37	2	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	37	3	department	department	PROPN
blj-559	37	4	of	of	ADP
blj-559	37	5	justice	justice	PROPN
blj-559	37	6	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	37	7	2019	2019	NUM
blj-559	37	8	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	38	1	https://www.justice.gov/hatecrimes/hate-crime-statistics	https://www.justice.gov/hatecrimes/hate-crime-statistics	PROPN
blj-559	38	2	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	38	3	85	85	NUM
blj-559	38	4	shattuck	shattuck	PROPN
blj-559	38	5	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	38	6	john	john	PROPN
blj-559	38	7	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	38	8	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	38	9	mathias	mathias	PROPN
blj-559	38	10	risse	risse	PROPN
blj-559	38	11	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	39	1	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	39	2	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	39	3	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	39	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	39	5	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	40	1	carr	carr	PROPN
blj-559	40	2	center	center	PROPN
blj-559	40	3	for	for	ADP
blj-559	40	4	human	human	ADJ
blj-559	40	5	rights	right	NOUN
blj-559	40	6	policy	policy	NOUN
blj-559	40	7	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	40	8	february	february	PROPN
blj-559	40	9	22	22	NUM
blj-559	40	10	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	40	11	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	40	12	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	40	13	1–13	1–13	NOUN
blj-559	40	14	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	41	1	https://carrcenter.hks.harvard.edu/files/cchr/files/hate_crimes.pdf	https://carrcenter.hks.harvard.edu/files/cchr/files/hate_crimes.pdf	PROPN
blj-559	41	2	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	42	1	86	86	NUM
blj-559	42	2	levin	levin	PROPN
blj-559	42	3	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	42	4	jack	jack	PROPN
blj-559	42	5	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	42	6	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	42	7	jack	jack	PROPN
blj-559	42	8	mcdevitt	mcdevitt	PROPN
blj-559	42	9	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	43	1	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	43	2	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	43	3	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	43	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	43	5	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	44	1	encyclopedia	encyclopedia	NOUN
blj-559	44	2	of	of	ADP
blj-559	44	3	peace	peace	NOUN
blj-559	44	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	44	5	violence	violence	NOUN
blj-559	44	6	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	44	7	conflict	conflict	NOUN
blj-559	44	8	2	2	NUM
blj-559	44	9	(	(	PUNCT
blj-559	44	10	2008	2008	NUM
blj-559	44	11	)	)	PUNCT
blj-559	44	12	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	45	1	https://jacklevinonviolence.com/articles/hatecrimesencyc92206final.pdf	https://jacklevinonviolence.com/articles/hatecrimesencyc92206final.pdf	PROPN
blj-559	45	2	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	46	1	46	46	NUM
blj-559	46	2	brandeis	brandeis	PROPN
blj-559	46	3	university	university	PROPN
blj-559	46	4	law	law	PROPN
blj-559	46	5	journal	journal	NOUN
blj-559	46	6	fall	fall	VERB
blj-559	46	7	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	46	8	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	46	9	volume	volume	NOUN
blj-559	46	10	9	9	NUM
blj-559	46	11	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	46	12	issue	issue	NOUN
blj-559	46	13	1	1	NUM
blj-559	46	14	excitement	excitement	NOUN
blj-559	46	15	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	46	16	social	social	ADJ
blj-559	46	17	acceptance	acceptance	NOUN
blj-559	46	18	by	by	ADP
blj-559	46	19	their	their	PRON
blj-559	46	20	peers	peer	NOUN
blj-559	46	21	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	47	1	87	87	NUM
blj-559	47	2	an	an	DET
blj-559	47	3	example	example	NOUN
blj-559	47	4	of	of	ADP
blj-559	47	5	this	this	DET
blj-559	47	6	kind	kind	NOUN
blj-559	47	7	of	of	ADP
blj-559	47	8	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	47	9	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	47	10	is	be	AUX
blj-559	47	11	when	when	SCONJ
blj-559	47	12	a	a	DET
blj-559	47	13	group	group	NOUN
blj-559	47	14	of	of	ADP
blj-559	47	15	teenage	teenage	ADJ
blj-559	47	16	offenders	offender	NOUN
blj-559	47	17	selects	select	VERB
blj-559	47	18	a	a	DET
blj-559	47	19	person	person	NOUN
blj-559	47	20	who	who	PRON
blj-559	47	21	looks	look	VERB
blj-559	47	22	different	different	ADJ
blj-559	47	23	from	from	ADP
blj-559	47	24	them	they	PRON
blj-559	47	25	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	47	26	physically	physically	ADV
blj-559	47	27	attacks	attack	VERB
blj-559	47	28	them	they	PRON
blj-559	47	29	for	for	ADP
blj-559	47	30	that	that	DET
blj-559	47	31	reason	reason	NOUN
blj-559	47	32	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	48	1	the	the	DET
blj-559	48	2	second	second	ADJ
blj-559	48	3	category	category	NOUN
blj-559	48	4	is	be	AUX
blj-559	48	5	defensive	defensive	ADJ
blj-559	48	6	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	48	7	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	48	8	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	49	1	the	the	DET
blj-559	49	2	perpetrator	perpetrator	NOUN
blj-559	49	3	in	in	ADP
blj-559	49	4	this	this	DET
blj-559	49	5	type	type	NOUN
blj-559	49	6	of	of	ADP
blj-559	49	7	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	49	8	uses	use	VERB
blj-559	49	9	a	a	DET
blj-559	49	10	triggering	trigger	VERB
blj-559	49	11	incident	incident	NOUN
blj-559	49	12	as	as	ADP
blj-559	49	13	a	a	DET
blj-559	49	14	catalyst	catalyst	NOUN
blj-559	49	15	for	for	ADP
blj-559	49	16	the	the	DET
blj-559	49	17	expression	expression	NOUN
blj-559	49	18	of	of	ADP
blj-559	49	19	their	their	PRON
blj-559	49	20	emotions	emotion	NOUN
blj-559	49	21	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	50	1	these	these	DET
blj-559	50	2	types	type	NOUN
blj-559	50	3	of	of	ADP
blj-559	50	4	perpetrators	perpetrator	NOUN
blj-559	50	5	justify	justify	VERB
blj-559	50	6	the	the	DET
blj-559	50	7	attack	attack	NOUN
blj-559	50	8	of	of	ADP
blj-559	50	9	someone	someone	PRON
blj-559	50	10	deemed	deem	VERB
blj-559	50	11	as	as	ADP
blj-559	50	12	an	an	DET
blj-559	50	13	outsider	outsider	NOUN
blj-559	50	14	by	by	ADP
blj-559	50	15	claiming	claim	VERB
blj-559	50	16	it	it	PRON
blj-559	50	17	is	be	AUX
blj-559	50	18	necessary	necessary	ADJ
blj-559	50	19	to	to	PART
blj-559	50	20	protect	protect	VERB
blj-559	50	21	the	the	DET
blj-559	50	22	public	public	NOUN
blj-559	50	23	from	from	ADP
blj-559	50	24	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	50	25	intruders	intruder	NOUN
blj-559	50	26	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	51	1	”88	”88	ADJ
blj-559	51	2	additionally	additionally	ADV
blj-559	51	3	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	51	4	they	they	PRON
blj-559	51	5	usually	usually	ADV
blj-559	51	6	do	do	AUX
blj-559	51	7	not	not	PART
blj-559	51	8	know	know	VERB
blj-559	51	9	the	the	DET
blj-559	51	10	victim	victim	NOUN
blj-559	51	11	personally	personally	ADV
blj-559	51	12	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	51	13	choose	choose	VERB
blj-559	51	14	them	they	PRON
blj-559	51	15	at	at	ADP
blj-559	51	16	random	random	ADJ
blj-559	51	17	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	52	1	an	an	DET
blj-559	52	2	example	example	NOUN
blj-559	52	3	of	of	ADP
blj-559	52	4	this	this	DET
blj-559	52	5	kind	kind	NOUN
blj-559	52	6	of	of	ADP
blj-559	52	7	attack	attack	NOUN
blj-559	52	8	would	would	AUX
blj-559	52	9	be	be	AUX
blj-559	52	10	if	if	SCONJ
blj-559	52	11	a	a	DET
blj-559	52	12	black	black	ADJ
blj-559	52	13	family	family	NOUN
blj-559	52	14	moved	move	VERB
blj-559	52	15	into	into	ADP
blj-559	52	16	a	a	DET
blj-559	52	17	predominantly	predominantly	ADV
blj-559	52	18	white	white	ADJ
blj-559	52	19	neighborhood	neighborhood	NOUN
blj-559	52	20	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	52	21	had	have	VERB
blj-559	52	22	a	a	DET
blj-559	52	23	rock	rock	NOUN
blj-559	52	24	thrown	throw	VERB
blj-559	52	25	through	through	ADP
blj-559	52	26	their	their	PRON
blj-559	52	27	window	window	NOUN
blj-559	52	28	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	53	1	retaliatory	retaliatory	ADJ
blj-559	53	2	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	53	3	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	53	4	are	be	AUX
blj-559	53	5	the	the	DET
blj-559	53	6	third	third	ADJ
blj-559	53	7	category	category	NOUN
blj-559	53	8	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	53	9	in	in	ADP
blj-559	53	10	which	which	PRON
blj-559	53	11	the	the	DET
blj-559	53	12	perpetrator	perpetrator	NOUN
blj-559	53	13	is	be	AUX
blj-559	53	14	acting	act	VERB
blj-559	53	15	out	out	ADP
blj-559	53	16	against	against	ADP
blj-559	53	17	a	a	DET
blj-559	53	18	stranger	stranger	NOUN
blj-559	53	19	in	in	ADP
blj-559	53	20	response	response	NOUN
blj-559	53	21	to	to	ADP
blj-559	53	22	a	a	DET
blj-559	53	23	world	world	NOUN
blj-559	53	24	event	event	NOUN
blj-559	53	25	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	53	26	partially	partially	ADV
blj-559	53	27	blaming	blame	VERB
blj-559	53	28	him	he	PRON
blj-559	53	29	or	or	CCONJ
blj-559	53	30	her	she	PRON
blj-559	53	31	for	for	ADP
blj-559	53	32	its	its	PRON
blj-559	53	33	cause.89	cause.89	NOUN
blj-559	53	34	an	an	DET
blj-559	53	35	example	example	NOUN
blj-559	53	36	of	of	ADP
blj-559	53	37	this	this	PRON
blj-559	53	38	would	would	AUX
blj-559	53	39	be	be	AUX
blj-559	53	40	an	an	DET
blj-559	53	41	attack	attack	NOUN
blj-559	53	42	on	on	ADP
blj-559	53	43	an	an	DET
blj-559	53	44	arab	arab	ADJ
blj-559	53	45	individual	individual	NOUN
blj-559	53	46	during	during	ADP
blj-559	53	47	the	the	DET
blj-559	53	48	aftermath	aftermath	NOUN
blj-559	53	49	of	of	ADP
blj-559	53	50	9/11	9/11	NUM
blj-559	53	51	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	54	1	the	the	DET
blj-559	54	2	last	last	ADJ
blj-559	54	3	form	form	NOUN
blj-559	54	4	of	of	ADP
blj-559	54	5	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	54	6	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	54	7	is	be	AUX
blj-559	54	8	rare	rare	ADJ
blj-559	54	9	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	54	10	mission	mission	NOUN
blj-559	54	11	-	-	PUNCT
blj-559	54	12	based	base	VERB
blj-559	54	13	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	55	1	the	the	DET
blj-559	55	2	perpetrator	perpetrator	NOUN
blj-559	55	3	views	view	VERB
blj-559	55	4	individuals	individual	NOUN
blj-559	55	5	who	who	PRON
blj-559	55	6	are	be	AUX
blj-559	55	7	perceived	perceive	VERB
blj-559	55	8	to	to	PART
blj-559	55	9	be	be	AUX
blj-559	55	10	different	different	ADJ
blj-559	55	11	as	as	ADP
blj-559	55	12	grave	grave	ADJ
blj-559	55	13	threats	threat	NOUN
blj-559	55	14	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	55	15	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	55	16	feels	feel	VERB
blj-559	55	17	as	as	SCONJ
blj-559	55	18	though	though	SCONJ
blj-559	55	19	it	it	PRON
blj-559	55	20	is	be	AUX
blj-559	55	21	their	their	PRON
blj-559	55	22	mission	mission	NOUN
blj-559	55	23	to	to	PART
blj-559	55	24	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	55	25	act	act	VERB
blj-559	55	26	before	before	SCONJ
blj-559	55	27	it	it	PRON
blj-559	55	28	is	be	AUX
blj-559	55	29	too	too	ADV
blj-559	55	30	late	late	ADJ
blj-559	55	31	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	56	1	”90	”90	PUNCT
blj-559	56	2	these	these	DET
blj-559	56	3	types	type	NOUN
blj-559	56	4	of	of	ADP
blj-559	56	5	perpetrators	perpetrator	NOUN
blj-559	56	6	are	be	AUX
blj-559	56	7	the	the	DET
blj-559	56	8	most	most	ADV
blj-559	56	9	likely	likely	ADJ
blj-559	56	10	of	of	ADP
blj-559	56	11	all	all	DET
blj-559	56	12	types	type	NOUN
blj-559	56	13	of	of	ADP
blj-559	56	14	perpetrators	perpetrator	NOUN
blj-559	56	15	to	to	PART
blj-559	56	16	join	join	VERB
blj-559	56	17	an	an	DET
blj-559	56	18	organized	organized	ADJ
blj-559	56	19	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	56	20	group.91	group.91	X
blj-559	56	21	it	it	PRON
blj-559	56	22	is	be	AUX
blj-559	56	23	important	important	ADJ
blj-559	56	24	to	to	PART
blj-559	56	25	note	note	VERB
blj-559	56	26	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	56	27	although	although	SCONJ
blj-559	56	28	some	some	PRON
blj-559	56	29	of	of	ADP
blj-559	56	30	these	these	DET
blj-559	56	31	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	56	32	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	56	33	typologies	typology	NOUN
blj-559	56	34	imply	imply	VERB
blj-559	56	35	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	56	36	most	most	ADJ
blj-559	56	37	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	56	38	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	56	39	are	be	AUX
blj-559	56	40	perpetrated	perpetrate	VERB
blj-559	56	41	by	by	ADP
blj-559	56	42	white	white	ADJ
blj-559	56	43	supremacists	supremacist	NOUN
blj-559	56	44	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	56	45	white	white	ADJ
blj-559	56	46	supremacy	supremacy	NOUN
blj-559	56	47	is	be	AUX
blj-559	56	48	not	not	PART
blj-559	56	49	the	the	DET
blj-559	56	50	only	only	ADJ
blj-559	56	51	reason	reason	NOUN
blj-559	56	52	why	why	SCONJ
blj-559	56	53	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	56	54	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	56	55	are	be	AUX
blj-559	56	56	on	on	ADP
blj-559	56	57	the	the	DET
blj-559	56	58	rise	rise	NOUN
blj-559	56	59	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	57	1	even	even	ADV
blj-559	57	2	though	though	SCONJ
blj-559	57	3	data	datum	NOUN
blj-559	57	4	indicates	indicate	VERB
blj-559	57	5	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	57	6	acts	act	NOUN
blj-559	57	7	of	of	ADP
blj-559	57	8	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	57	9	have	have	AUX
blj-559	57	10	increased	increase	VERB
blj-559	57	11	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	57	12	there	there	PRON
blj-559	57	13	are	be	VERB
blj-559	57	14	many	many	ADJ
blj-559	57	15	who	who	PRON
blj-559	57	16	do	do	AUX
blj-559	57	17	not	not	PART
blj-559	57	18	believe	believe	VERB
blj-559	57	19	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	57	20	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	57	21	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	57	22	legislation	legislation	NOUN
blj-559	57	23	is	be	AUX
blj-559	57	24	necessary	necessary	ADJ
blj-559	57	25	because	because	SCONJ
blj-559	57	26	they	they	PRON
blj-559	57	27	believe	believe	VERB
blj-559	57	28	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	57	29	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	57	30	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	57	31	legislation	legislation	NOUN
blj-559	57	32	provides	provide	VERB
blj-559	57	33	minority	minority	NOUN
blj-559	57	34	groups	group	NOUN
blj-559	57	35	with	with	ADP
blj-559	57	36	special	special	ADJ
blj-559	57	37	treatment	treatment	NOUN
blj-559	57	38	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	57	39	as	as	SCONJ
blj-559	57	40	most	most	ADJ
blj-559	57	41	offenders	offender	NOUN
blj-559	57	42	tend	tend	VERB
blj-559	57	43	to	to	PART
blj-559	57	44	identify	identify	VERB
blj-559	57	45	as	as	ADP
blj-559	57	46	white.92	white.92	PROPN
blj-559	57	47	however	however	ADV
blj-559	57	48	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	57	49	this	this	PRON
blj-559	57	50	is	be	AUX
blj-559	57	51	not	not	PART
blj-559	57	52	always	always	ADV
blj-559	57	53	the	the	DET
blj-559	57	54	case	case	NOUN
blj-559	57	55	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	58	1	in	in	ADP
blj-559	58	2	2019	2019	NUM
blj-559	58	3	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	58	4	23.9	23.9	NUM
blj-559	58	5	%	%	NOUN
blj-559	58	6	of	of	ADP
blj-559	58	7	offenders	offender	NOUN
blj-559	58	8	identified	identify	VERB
blj-559	58	9	as	as	ADP
blj-559	58	10	african	african	PROPN
blj-559	58	11	87	87	NUM
blj-559	58	12	shattuck	shattuck	PROPN
blj-559	58	13	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	58	14	john	john	PROPN
blj-559	58	15	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	58	16	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	58	17	mathias	mathias	PROPN
blj-559	58	18	risse	risse	PROPN
blj-559	58	19	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	59	1	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	59	2	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	59	3	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	59	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	59	5	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	60	1	carr	carr	PROPN
blj-559	60	2	center	center	PROPN
blj-559	60	3	for	for	ADP
blj-559	60	4	human	human	ADJ
blj-559	60	5	rights	right	NOUN
blj-559	60	6	policy	policy	NOUN
blj-559	60	7	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	60	8	february	february	PROPN
blj-559	60	9	22	22	NUM
blj-559	60	10	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	60	11	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	60	12	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	60	13	1–13	1–13	NOUN
blj-559	60	14	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	61	1	https://carrcenter.hks.harvard.edu/files/cchr/files/hate_crimes.pdf	https://carrcenter.hks.harvard.edu/files/cchr/files/hate_crimes.pdf	PROPN
blj-559	61	2	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	62	1	88	88	NUM
blj-559	62	2	levin	levin	PROPN
blj-559	62	3	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	62	4	jack	jack	PROPN
blj-559	62	5	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	62	6	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	62	7	jack	jack	PROPN
blj-559	62	8	mcdevitt	mcdevitt	PROPN
blj-559	62	9	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	63	1	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	63	2	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	63	3	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	63	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	63	5	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	64	1	encyclopedia	encyclopedia	NOUN
blj-559	64	2	of	of	ADP
blj-559	64	3	peace	peace	NOUN
blj-559	64	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	64	5	violence	violence	NOUN
blj-559	64	6	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	64	7	conflict	conflict	NOUN
blj-559	64	8	2	2	NUM
blj-559	64	9	(	(	PUNCT
blj-559	64	10	2008	2008	NUM
blj-559	64	11	)	)	PUNCT
blj-559	64	12	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	65	1	https://jacklevinonviolence.com/articles/hatecrimesencyc92206final.pdf	https://jacklevinonviolence.com/articles/hatecrimesencyc92206final.pdf	PROPN
blj-559	65	2	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	66	1	89	89	NUM
blj-559	66	2	levin	levin	PROPN
blj-559	66	3	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	66	4	mcdevitt	mcdevitt	ADJ
blj-559	66	5	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	67	1	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	67	2	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	67	3	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	67	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	67	5	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	68	1	90	90	NUM
blj-559	68	2	levin	levin	NOUN
blj-559	68	3	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	68	4	mcdevitt	mcdevitt	ADJ
blj-559	68	5	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	69	1	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	69	2	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	69	3	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	69	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	69	5	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	70	1	91	91	NUM
blj-559	70	2	levin	levin	NOUN
blj-559	70	3	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	70	4	mcdevitt	mcdevitt	ADJ
blj-559	70	5	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	71	1	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	71	2	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	71	3	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	71	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	71	5	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	72	1	92	92	NUM
blj-559	72	2	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	72	3	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	72	4	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	72	5	statistics	statistic	NOUN
blj-559	72	6	(	(	PUNCT
blj-559	72	7	2019	2019	NUM
blj-559	72	8	)	)	PUNCT
blj-559	72	9	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	72	10	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	73	1	the	the	DET
blj-559	73	2	united	united	PROPN
blj-559	73	3	states	states	PROPN
blj-559	73	4	department	department	PROPN
blj-559	73	5	of	of	ADP
blj-559	73	6	justice	justice	PROPN
blj-559	73	7	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	74	1	u.s	u.s	PROPN
blj-559	74	2	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	74	3	department	department	PROPN
blj-559	74	4	of	of	ADP
blj-559	74	5	justice	justice	PROPN
blj-559	74	6	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	74	7	2019	2019	NUM
blj-559	74	8	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	75	1	https://www.justice.gov/hatecrimes/hate-crime-statistics	https://www.justice.gov/hatecrimes/hate-crime-statistic	NOUN
blj-559	75	2	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	76	1	47	47	NUM
blj-559	76	2	brandeis	brandeis	PROPN
blj-559	76	3	university	university	PROPN
blj-559	76	4	law	law	PROPN
blj-559	76	5	journal	journal	NOUN
blj-559	76	6	fall	fall	VERB
blj-559	76	7	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	76	8	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	76	9	volume	volume	NOUN
blj-559	76	10	9	9	NUM
blj-559	76	11	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	76	12	issue	issue	NOUN
blj-559	76	13	1	1	NUM
blj-559	76	14	american	american	ADJ
blj-559	76	15	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	76	16	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	76	17	10	10	NUM
blj-559	76	18	%	%	NOUN
blj-559	76	19	identified	identify	VERB
blj-559	76	20	as	as	ADP
blj-559	76	21	hispanic.93	hispanic.93	NOUN
blj-559	76	22	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
blj-559	76	23	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	76	24	in	in	ADP
blj-559	76	25	the	the	DET
blj-559	76	26	landmark	landmark	NOUN
blj-559	76	27	case	case	NOUN
blj-559	76	28	wisconsin	wisconsin	PROPN
blj-559	76	29	v.	v.	PROPN
blj-559	76	30	mitchell	mitchell	PROPN
blj-559	76	31	(	(	PUNCT
blj-559	76	32	508	508	NUM
blj-559	76	33	u.s	u.s	PROPN
blj-559	76	34	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	76	35	476	476	NUM
blj-559	76	36	(	(	PUNCT
blj-559	76	37	1993	1993	NUM
blj-559	76	38	)	)	PUNCT
blj-559	76	39	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	76	40	the	the	DET
blj-559	76	41	victim	victim	NOUN
blj-559	76	42	identified	identify	VERB
blj-559	76	43	as	as	ADP
blj-559	76	44	white	white	ADJ
blj-559	76	45	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	76	46	the	the	DET
blj-559	76	47	perpetrator	perpetrator	NOUN
blj-559	76	48	identified	identify	VERB
blj-559	76	49	as	as	ADP
blj-559	76	50	black	black	ADJ
blj-559	76	51	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	77	1	this	this	PRON
blj-559	77	2	dispels	dispel	VERB
blj-559	77	3	the	the	DET
blj-559	77	4	argument	argument	NOUN
blj-559	77	5	that	that	PRON
blj-559	77	6	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	77	7	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	77	8	laws	law	NOUN
blj-559	77	9	only	only	ADV
blj-559	77	10	benefit	benefit	VERB
blj-559	77	11	marginalized	marginalize	VERB
blj-559	77	12	groups	group	NOUN
blj-559	77	13	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	77	14	as	as	SCONJ
blj-559	77	15	the	the	DET
blj-559	77	16	defendant	defendant	NOUN
blj-559	77	17	received	receive	VERB
blj-559	77	18	the	the	DET
blj-559	77	19	same	same	ADJ
blj-559	77	20	sentence	sentence	NOUN
blj-559	77	21	a	a	DET
blj-559	77	22	white	white	ADJ
blj-559	77	23	perpetrator	perpetrator	NOUN
blj-559	77	24	would	would	AUX
blj-559	77	25	receive	receive	VERB
blj-559	77	26	if	if	SCONJ
blj-559	77	27	they	they	PRON
blj-559	77	28	had	have	AUX
blj-559	77	29	committed	commit	VERB
blj-559	77	30	the	the	DET
blj-559	77	31	same	same	ADJ
blj-559	77	32	crime.94	crime.94	NOUN
blj-559	77	33	in	in	ADP
blj-559	77	34	2019	2019	NUM
blj-559	77	35	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	77	36	data	datum	NOUN
blj-559	77	37	indicates	indicate	VERB
blj-559	77	38	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	77	39	individuals	individual	NOUN
blj-559	77	40	of	of	ADP
blj-559	77	41	all	all	DET
blj-559	77	42	races	race	NOUN
blj-559	77	43	were	be	AUX
blj-559	77	44	victims	victim	NOUN
blj-559	77	45	of	of	ADP
blj-559	77	46	a	a	DET
blj-559	77	47	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	77	48	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	77	49	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	77	50	further	far	ADV
blj-559	77	51	weakening	weaken	VERB
blj-559	77	52	this	this	DET
blj-559	77	53	argument.95	argument.95	NOUN
blj-559	77	54	additionally	additionally	ADV
blj-559	77	55	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	77	56	the	the	DET
blj-559	77	57	mitchell	mitchell	PROPN
blj-559	77	58	case	case	NOUN
blj-559	77	59	thwarts	thwart	VERB
blj-559	77	60	another	another	DET
blj-559	77	61	anti	anti	ADJ
blj-559	77	62	-	-	ADJ
blj-559	77	63	hate	hate	ADJ
blj-559	77	64	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	77	65	legislation	legislation	NOUN
blj-559	77	66	argument	argument	NOUN
blj-559	77	67	related	relate	VERB
blj-559	77	68	to	to	ADP
blj-559	77	69	the	the	DET
blj-559	77	70	first	first	ADJ
blj-559	77	71	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	77	72	fourteenth	fourteenth	ADJ
blj-559	77	73	amendments	amendment	NOUN
blj-559	77	74	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	78	1	the	the	DET
blj-559	78	2	supreme	supreme	PROPN
blj-559	78	3	court	court	PROPN
blj-559	78	4	ruled	rule	VERB
blj-559	78	5	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	78	6	there	there	PRON
blj-559	78	7	is	be	VERB
blj-559	78	8	a	a	DET
blj-559	78	9	meaningful	meaningful	ADJ
blj-559	78	10	difference	difference	NOUN
blj-559	78	11	between	between	ADP
blj-559	78	12	punishing	punish	VERB
blj-559	78	13	the	the	DET
blj-559	78	14	content	content	NOUN
blj-559	78	15	of	of	ADP
blj-559	78	16	speech	speech	NOUN
blj-559	78	17	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	78	18	using	use	VERB
blj-559	78	19	speech	speech	NOUN
blj-559	78	20	as	as	ADP
blj-559	78	21	evidence	evidence	NOUN
blj-559	78	22	of	of	ADP
blj-559	78	23	the	the	DET
blj-559	78	24	motive	motive	NOUN
blj-559	78	25	behind	behind	ADP
blj-559	78	26	a	a	DET
blj-559	78	27	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	78	28	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	79	1	even	even	ADV
blj-559	79	2	so	so	ADV
blj-559	79	3	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	79	4	there	there	PRON
blj-559	79	5	continues	continue	VERB
blj-559	79	6	to	to	PART
blj-559	79	7	be	be	AUX
blj-559	79	8	a	a	DET
blj-559	79	9	vocal	vocal	ADJ
blj-559	79	10	group	group	NOUN
blj-559	79	11	of	of	ADP
blj-559	79	12	individuals	individual	NOUN
blj-559	79	13	who	who	PRON
blj-559	79	14	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	79	15	for	for	ADP
blj-559	79	16	as	as	ADV
blj-559	79	17	long	long	ADV
blj-559	79	18	as	as	SCONJ
blj-559	79	19	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	79	20	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	79	21	legislation	legislation	NOUN
blj-559	79	22	has	have	AUX
blj-559	79	23	been	be	AUX
blj-559	79	24	in	in	ADP
blj-559	79	25	existence	existence	NOUN
blj-559	79	26	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	79	27	have	have	AUX
blj-559	79	28	been	be	AUX
blj-559	79	29	adamant	adamant	ADJ
blj-559	79	30	in	in	ADP
blj-559	79	31	abolishing	abolish	VERB
blj-559	79	32	it	it	PRON
blj-559	79	33	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	80	1	historical	historical	ADJ
blj-559	80	2	background	background	NOUN
blj-559	80	3	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	80	4	federal	federal	ADJ
blj-559	80	5	legislative	legislative	ADJ
blj-559	80	6	history	history	NOUN
blj-559	80	7	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	80	8	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	80	9	have	have	AUX
blj-559	80	10	been	be	AUX
blj-559	80	11	long	long	ADV
blj-559	80	12	embedded	embed	VERB
blj-559	80	13	within	within	ADP
blj-559	80	14	the	the	DET
blj-559	80	15	american	american	ADJ
blj-559	80	16	experience	experience	NOUN
blj-559	80	17	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	80	18	although	although	SCONJ
blj-559	80	19	they	they	PRON
blj-559	80	20	may	may	AUX
blj-559	80	21	appear	appear	VERB
blj-559	80	22	to	to	PART
blj-559	80	23	be	be	AUX
blj-559	80	24	a	a	DET
blj-559	80	25	relatively	relatively	ADV
blj-559	80	26	recent	recent	ADJ
blj-559	80	27	phenomenon	phenomenon	NOUN
blj-559	80	28	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	81	1	throughout	throughout	ADP
blj-559	81	2	history	history	NOUN
blj-559	81	3	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	81	4	individuals	individual	NOUN
blj-559	81	5	within	within	ADP
blj-559	81	6	marginalized	marginalized	ADJ
blj-559	81	7	communities	community	NOUN
blj-559	81	8	have	have	AUX
blj-559	81	9	been	be	AUX
blj-559	81	10	subjected	subject	VERB
blj-559	81	11	to	to	ADP
blj-559	81	12	various	various	ADJ
blj-559	81	13	forms	form	NOUN
blj-559	81	14	of	of	ADP
blj-559	81	15	discrimination	discrimination	NOUN
blj-559	81	16	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	81	17	hatred	hatred	NOUN
blj-559	81	18	due	due	ADP
blj-559	81	19	to	to	ADP
blj-559	81	20	elements	element	NOUN
blj-559	81	21	of	of	ADP
blj-559	81	22	their	their	PRON
blj-559	81	23	identities	identity	NOUN
blj-559	81	24	that	that	PRON
blj-559	81	25	caused	cause	VERB
blj-559	81	26	them	they	PRON
blj-559	81	27	to	to	PART
blj-559	81	28	be	be	AUX
blj-559	81	29	percieved	percieve	VERB
blj-559	81	30	as	as	ADP
blj-559	81	31	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	81	32	different	different	ADJ
blj-559	81	33	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	82	1	”96	”96	ADV
blj-559	82	2	while	while	SCONJ
blj-559	82	3	it	it	PRON
blj-559	82	4	can	can	AUX
blj-559	82	5	be	be	AUX
blj-559	82	6	argued	argue	VERB
blj-559	82	7	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	82	8	a	a	DET
blj-559	82	9	rise	rise	NOUN
blj-559	82	10	in	in	ADP
blj-559	82	11	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	82	12	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	82	13	toward	toward	ADP
blj-559	82	14	a	a	DET
blj-559	82	15	certain	certain	ADJ
blj-559	82	16	demographic	demographic	NOUN
blj-559	82	17	is	be	AUX
blj-559	82	18	an	an	DET
blj-559	82	19	episodic	episodic	ADJ
blj-559	82	20	reaction	reaction	NOUN
blj-559	82	21	to	to	ADP
blj-559	82	22	a	a	DET
blj-559	82	23	particular	particular	ADJ
blj-559	82	24	historical	historical	ADJ
blj-559	82	25	moment	moment	NOUN
blj-559	82	26	or	or	CCONJ
blj-559	82	27	event	event	NOUN
blj-559	82	28	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	82	29	such	such	ADJ
blj-559	82	30	as	as	ADP
blj-559	82	31	the	the	DET
blj-559	82	32	spike	spike	NOUN
blj-559	82	33	in	in	ADP
blj-559	82	34	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	82	35	faced	face	VERB
blj-559	82	36	by	by	ADP
blj-559	82	37	japanese	japanese	ADJ
blj-559	82	38	americans	americans	PROPN
blj-559	82	39	during	during	ADP
blj-559	82	40	the	the	DET
blj-559	82	41	second	second	ADJ
blj-559	82	42	world	world	NOUN
blj-559	82	43	war	war	NOUN
blj-559	82	44	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	82	45	it	it	PRON
blj-559	82	46	is	be	AUX
blj-559	82	47	also	also	ADV
blj-559	82	48	evident	evident	ADJ
blj-559	82	49	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	82	50	the	the	DET
blj-559	82	51	persistence	persistence	NOUN
blj-559	82	52	of	of	ADP
blj-559	82	53	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	82	54	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	82	55	throughout	throughout	ADP
blj-559	82	56	time	time	NOUN
blj-559	82	57	demonstrates	demonstrate	VERB
blj-559	82	58	the	the	DET
blj-559	82	59	power	power	NOUN
blj-559	82	60	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	82	61	tenacity	tenacity	NOUN
blj-559	82	62	of	of	ADP
blj-559	82	63	prejudice	prejudice	NOUN
blj-559	82	64	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	83	1	a	a	DET
blj-559	83	2	prominent	prominent	ADJ
blj-559	83	3	example	example	NOUN
blj-559	83	4	of	of	ADP
blj-559	83	5	this	this	PRON
blj-559	83	6	is	be	AUX
blj-559	83	7	the	the	DET
blj-559	83	8	hatred	hatred	NOUN
blj-559	83	9	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	83	10	those	those	PRON
blj-559	83	11	of	of	ADP
blj-559	83	12	african	african	ADJ
blj-559	83	13	descent	descent	NOUN
blj-559	83	14	have	have	AUX
blj-559	83	15	historically	historically	ADV
blj-559	83	16	experienced	experience	VERB
blj-559	83	17	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	84	1	while	while	SCONJ
blj-559	84	2	the	the	DET
blj-559	84	3	expressions	expression	NOUN
blj-559	84	4	of	of	ADP
blj-559	84	5	hatred	hatred	NOUN
blj-559	84	6	they	they	PRON
blj-559	84	7	experience	experience	VERB
blj-559	84	8	has	have	AUX
blj-559	84	9	evolved	evolve	VERB
blj-559	84	10	over	over	ADP
blj-559	84	11	time	time	NOUN
blj-559	84	12	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	84	13	from	from	ADP
blj-559	84	14	government	government	NOUN
blj-559	84	15	protection	protection	NOUN
blj-559	84	16	of	of	ADP
blj-559	84	17	slavery	slavery	NOUN
blj-559	84	18	via	via	ADP
blj-559	84	19	legislation	legislation	NOUN
blj-559	84	20	such	such	ADJ
blj-559	84	21	as	as	ADP
blj-559	84	22	the	the	DET
blj-559	84	23	slave	slave	NOUN
blj-559	84	24	trade	trade	PROPN
blj-559	84	25	act	act	NOUN
blj-559	84	26	of	of	ADP
blj-559	84	27	1794	1794	NUM
blj-559	84	28	to	to	ADP
blj-559	84	29	the	the	DET
blj-559	84	30	intentional	intentional	ADJ
blj-559	84	31	shooting	shooting	NOUN
blj-559	84	32	at	at	ADP
blj-559	84	33	a	a	DET
blj-559	84	34	predominately	predominately	ADV
blj-559	84	35	african	african	ADJ
blj-559	84	36	american	american	ADJ
blj-559	84	37	93	93	NUM
blj-559	84	38	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	84	39	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	84	40	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	84	41	statistics	statistic	NOUN
blj-559	84	42	(	(	PUNCT
blj-559	84	43	2019	2019	NUM
blj-559	84	44	)	)	PUNCT
blj-559	84	45	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	84	46	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	85	1	the	the	DET
blj-559	85	2	united	united	PROPN
blj-559	85	3	states	states	PROPN
blj-559	85	4	department	department	PROPN
blj-559	85	5	of	of	ADP
blj-559	85	6	justice	justice	PROPN
blj-559	85	7	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	86	1	u.s	u.s	PROPN
blj-559	86	2	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	86	3	department	department	PROPN
blj-559	86	4	of	of	ADP
blj-559	86	5	justice	justice	PROPN
blj-559	86	6	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	86	7	2019	2019	NUM
blj-559	86	8	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	87	1	https://www.justice.gov/hatecrimes/hate-crime-statistics	https://www.justice.gov/hatecrimes/hate-crime-statistics	PROPN
blj-559	87	2	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	88	1	94	94	NUM
blj-559	88	2	feinman	feinman	PROPN
blj-559	88	3	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	88	4	amy	amy	PROPN
blj-559	88	5	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	88	6	northeast	northeast	ADJ
blj-559	88	7	area	area	NOUN
blj-559	88	8	civil	civil	ADJ
blj-559	88	9	rights	right	NOUN
blj-559	88	10	counsel	counsel	NOUN
blj-559	88	11	at	at	ADP
blj-559	88	12	anti	anti	ADJ
blj-559	88	13	-	-	ADJ
blj-559	88	14	defamation	defamation	ADJ
blj-559	88	15	league	league	NOUN
blj-559	88	16	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	89	1	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	89	2	interview	interview	NOUN
blj-559	89	3	with	with	ADP
blj-559	89	4	jessica	jessica	PROPN
blj-559	89	5	daniel	daniel	PROPN
blj-559	89	6	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	89	7	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	90	1	april	april	PROPN
blj-559	90	2	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	90	3	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	91	1	95	95	NUM
blj-559	91	2	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	91	3	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	91	4	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	91	5	statistics	statistic	NOUN
blj-559	91	6	(	(	PUNCT
blj-559	91	7	2019	2019	NUM
blj-559	91	8	)	)	PUNCT
blj-559	91	9	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	91	10	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	92	1	the	the	DET
blj-559	92	2	united	united	PROPN
blj-559	92	3	states	states	PROPN
blj-559	92	4	department	department	PROPN
blj-559	92	5	of	of	ADP
blj-559	92	6	justice	justice	PROPN
blj-559	92	7	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	93	1	u.s	u.s	PROPN
blj-559	93	2	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	93	3	department	department	PROPN
blj-559	93	4	of	of	ADP
blj-559	93	5	justice	justice	PROPN
blj-559	93	6	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	93	7	2019	2019	NUM
blj-559	93	8	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	94	1	https://www.justice.gov/hatecrimes/hate-crime-statistics	https://www.justice.gov/hatecrimes/hate-crime-statistic	NOUN
blj-559	94	2	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	95	1	96	96	NUM
blj-559	95	2	shattuck	shattuck	PROPN
blj-559	95	3	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	95	4	john	john	PROPN
blj-559	95	5	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	95	6	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	95	7	mathias	mathias	PROPN
blj-559	95	8	risse	risse	PROPN
blj-559	95	9	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	96	1	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	96	2	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	96	3	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	96	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	96	5	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	97	1	carr	carr	PROPN
blj-559	97	2	center	center	PROPN
blj-559	97	3	for	for	ADP
blj-559	97	4	human	human	ADJ
blj-559	97	5	rights	right	NOUN
blj-559	97	6	policy	policy	NOUN
blj-559	97	7	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	97	8	february	february	PROPN
blj-559	97	9	22	22	NUM
blj-559	97	10	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	97	11	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	97	12	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	97	13	1–13	1–13	NOUN
blj-559	97	14	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	98	1	https://carrcenter.hks.harvard.edu/files/cchr/files/hate_crimes.pdf	https://carrcenter.hks.harvard.edu/files/cchr/files/hate_crimes.pdf	PROPN
blj-559	98	2	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	99	1	48	48	NUM
blj-559	99	2	brandeis	brandeis	PROPN
blj-559	99	3	university	university	PROPN
blj-559	99	4	law	law	PROPN
blj-559	99	5	journal	journal	NOUN
blj-559	99	6	fall	fall	VERB
blj-559	99	7	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	99	8	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	99	9	volume	volume	NOUN
blj-559	99	10	9	9	NUM
blj-559	99	11	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	99	12	issue	issue	NOUN
blj-559	99	13	1	1	NUM
blj-559	99	14	church	church	NOUN
blj-559	99	15	in	in	ADP
blj-559	99	16	charleston	charleston	PROPN
blj-559	99	17	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	99	18	south	south	PROPN
blj-559	99	19	carolina	carolina	PROPN
blj-559	99	20	in	in	ADP
blj-559	99	21	2015	2015	NUM
blj-559	99	22	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	99	23	the	the	DET
blj-559	99	24	fact	fact	NOUN
blj-559	99	25	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	99	26	they	they	PRON
blj-559	99	27	do	do	AUX
blj-559	99	28	experience	experience	NOUN
blj-559	99	29	hatred	hatred	NOUN
blj-559	99	30	solely	solely	ADV
blj-559	99	31	because	because	SCONJ
blj-559	99	32	of	of	ADP
blj-559	99	33	who	who	PRON
blj-559	99	34	they	they	PRON
blj-559	99	35	are	be	AUX
blj-559	99	36	has	have	AUX
blj-559	99	37	remained.97	remained.97	NOUN
blj-559	99	38	the	the	DET
blj-559	99	39	fact	fact	NOUN
blj-559	99	40	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	99	41	intolerance	intolerance	NOUN
blj-559	99	42	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	99	43	disdain	disdain	NOUN
blj-559	99	44	toward	toward	ADP
blj-559	99	45	racial	racial	ADJ
blj-559	99	46	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	99	47	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
blj-559	99	48	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	99	49	religious	religious	ADJ
blj-559	99	50	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	99	51	gender	gender	NOUN
blj-559	99	52	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	99	53	sexual	sexual	ADJ
blj-559	99	54	minorities	minority	NOUN
blj-559	99	55	has	have	AUX
blj-559	99	56	been	be	AUX
blj-559	99	57	a	a	DET
blj-559	99	58	constant	constant	ADJ
blj-559	99	59	within	within	ADP
blj-559	99	60	american	american	ADJ
blj-559	99	61	society	society	NOUN
blj-559	99	62	is	be	AUX
blj-559	99	63	incredibly	incredibly	ADV
blj-559	99	64	important	important	ADJ
blj-559	99	65	to	to	PART
blj-559	99	66	recognize	recognize	VERB
blj-559	99	67	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	99	68	as	as	SCONJ
blj-559	99	69	it	it	PRON
blj-559	99	70	reveals	reveal	VERB
blj-559	99	71	a	a	DET
blj-559	99	72	strong	strong	ADJ
blj-559	99	73	contradiction	contradiction	NOUN
blj-559	99	74	between	between	ADP
blj-559	99	75	constitutional	constitutional	ADJ
blj-559	99	76	rights	right	NOUN
blj-559	99	77	in	in	ADP
blj-559	99	78	theory	theory	NOUN
blj-559	99	79	versus	versus	ADP
blj-559	99	80	in	in	ADP
blj-559	99	81	practice	practice	NOUN
blj-559	99	82	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	100	1	while	while	SCONJ
blj-559	100	2	the	the	DET
blj-559	100	3	constitution	constitution	NOUN
blj-559	100	4	puts	put	VERB
blj-559	100	5	forth	forth	ADV
blj-559	100	6	the	the	DET
blj-559	100	7	assumption	assumption	NOUN
blj-559	100	8	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	100	9	all	all	DET
blj-559	100	10	americans	americans	PROPN
blj-559	100	11	’	'	PUNCT
blj-559	100	12	right	right	NOUN
blj-559	100	13	to	to	PART
blj-559	100	14	freely	freely	ADV
blj-559	100	15	be	be	AUX
blj-559	100	16	who	who	PRON
blj-559	100	17	they	they	PRON
blj-559	100	18	are	be	AUX
blj-559	100	19	is	be	AUX
blj-559	100	20	protected	protect	VERB
blj-559	100	21	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	100	22	the	the	DET
blj-559	100	23	recurrence	recurrence	NOUN
blj-559	100	24	of	of	ADP
blj-559	100	25	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	100	26	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	100	27	serves	serve	VERB
blj-559	100	28	as	as	ADP
blj-559	100	29	a	a	DET
blj-559	100	30	reminder	reminder	NOUN
blj-559	100	31	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	100	32	this	this	PRON
blj-559	100	33	is	be	AUX
blj-559	100	34	not	not	PART
blj-559	100	35	necessarily	necessarily	ADV
blj-559	100	36	always	always	ADV
blj-559	100	37	true	true	ADJ
blj-559	100	38	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	100	39	especially	especially	ADV
blj-559	100	40	for	for	ADP
blj-559	100	41	marginalized	marginalize	VERB
blj-559	100	42	populations	population	NOUN
blj-559	100	43	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	101	1	there	there	PRON
blj-559	101	2	have	have	AUX
blj-559	101	3	been	be	AUX
blj-559	101	4	efforts	effort	NOUN
blj-559	101	5	made	make	VERB
blj-559	101	6	by	by	ADP
blj-559	101	7	the	the	DET
blj-559	101	8	federal	federal	ADJ
blj-559	101	9	government	government	NOUN
blj-559	101	10	to	to	PART
blj-559	101	11	combat	combat	VERB
blj-559	101	12	civil	civil	ADJ
blj-559	101	13	rights	right	NOUN
blj-559	101	14	violations	violation	NOUN
blj-559	101	15	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	101	16	prevent	prevent	VERB
blj-559	101	17	discrimination	discrimination	NOUN
blj-559	101	18	since	since	SCONJ
blj-559	101	19	the	the	DET
blj-559	101	20	enactment	enactment	NOUN
blj-559	101	21	of	of	ADP
blj-559	101	22	the	the	DET
blj-559	101	23	civil	civil	ADJ
blj-559	101	24	rights	right	NOUN
blj-559	101	25	act	act	NOUN
blj-559	101	26	of	of	ADP
blj-559	101	27	1866	1866	NUM
blj-559	101	28	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	102	1	however	however	ADV
blj-559	102	2	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	102	3	the	the	DET
blj-559	102	4	first	first	ADJ
blj-559	102	5	time	time	NOUN
blj-559	102	6	the	the	DET
blj-559	102	7	federal	federal	ADJ
blj-559	102	8	government	government	NOUN
blj-559	102	9	began	begin	VERB
blj-559	102	10	to	to	PART
blj-559	102	11	address	address	VERB
blj-559	102	12	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	102	13	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	102	14	specifically	specifically	ADV
blj-559	102	15	was	be	AUX
blj-559	102	16	over	over	ADP
blj-559	102	17	a	a	DET
blj-559	102	18	century	century	NOUN
blj-559	102	19	later	later	ADV
blj-559	102	20	in	in	ADP
blj-559	102	21	1968	1968	NUM
blj-559	102	22	through	through	ADP
blj-559	102	23	the	the	DET
blj-559	102	24	passage	passage	NOUN
blj-559	102	25	of	of	ADP
blj-559	102	26	18	18	NUM
blj-559	102	27	u.s.c	u.s.c	ADJ
blj-559	102	28	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	103	1	section	section	NOUN
blj-559	103	2	245(b)(2	245(b)(2	NUM
blj-559	103	3	)	)	PUNCT
blj-559	103	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	103	5	which	which	PRON
blj-559	103	6	created	create	VERB
blj-559	103	7	federally	federally	ADV
blj-559	103	8	protected	protect	VERB
blj-559	103	9	activities.98	activities.98	NOUN
blj-559	103	10	this	this	DET
blj-559	103	11	code	code	NOUN
blj-559	103	12	states	state	NOUN
blj-559	103	13	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	103	14	it	it	PRON
blj-559	103	15	is	be	AUX
blj-559	103	16	illegal	illegal	ADJ
blj-559	103	17	for	for	SCONJ
blj-559	103	18	individuals	individual	NOUN
blj-559	103	19	to	to	PART
blj-559	103	20	willfully	willfully	ADV
blj-559	103	21	injure	injure	VERB
blj-559	103	22	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	103	23	intimidate	intimidate	VERB
blj-559	103	24	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	103	25	or	or	CCONJ
blj-559	103	26	interfere	interfere	VERB
blj-559	103	27	with	with	ADP
blj-559	103	28	another	another	DET
blj-559	103	29	person	person	NOUN
blj-559	103	30	’s	’s	PART
blj-559	103	31	ability	ability	NOUN
blj-559	103	32	to	to	PART
blj-559	103	33	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	103	34	participat[e	participat[e	PROPN
blj-559	103	35	]	]	PUNCT
blj-559	103	36	in	in	ADP
blj-559	103	37	or	or	CCONJ
blj-559	103	38	enjoy	enjoy	VERB
blj-559	103	39	[	[	X
blj-559	103	40	...	...	PUNCT
blj-559	103	41	]	]	X
blj-559	103	42	any	any	DET
blj-559	103	43	benefit	benefit	NOUN
blj-559	103	44	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	103	45	service	service	NOUN
blj-559	103	46	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	103	47	privilege	privilege	NOUN
blj-559	103	48	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	103	49	program	program	NOUN
blj-559	103	50	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	103	51	facility	facility	NOUN
blj-559	103	52	or	or	CCONJ
blj-559	103	53	activity	activity	NOUN
blj-559	103	54	provided	provide	VERB
blj-559	103	55	or	or	CCONJ
blj-559	103	56	administered	administer	VERB
blj-559	103	57	by	by	ADP
blj-559	103	58	any	any	DET
blj-559	103	59	state	state	NOUN
blj-559	103	60	or	or	CCONJ
blj-559	103	61	subdivision	subdivision	NOUN
blj-559	103	62	thereof	thereof	ADV
blj-559	103	63	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	103	64	due	due	ADP
blj-559	103	65	to	to	ADP
blj-559	103	66	his	his	PRON
blj-559	103	67	or	or	CCONJ
blj-559	103	68	her	her	PRON
blj-559	103	69	race	race	NOUN
blj-559	103	70	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	103	71	color	color	NOUN
blj-559	103	72	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	103	73	religion	religion	NOUN
blj-559	103	74	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	103	75	or	or	CCONJ
blj-559	103	76	national	national	ADJ
blj-559	103	77	origin.99,100	origin.99,100	NOUN
blj-559	103	78	while	while	SCONJ
blj-559	103	79	the	the	DET
blj-559	103	80	creation	creation	NOUN
blj-559	103	81	of	of	ADP
blj-559	103	82	legislation	legislation	NOUN
blj-559	103	83	designed	design	VERB
blj-559	103	84	to	to	PART
blj-559	103	85	bar	bar	VERB
blj-559	103	86	discrimination	discrimination	NOUN
blj-559	103	87	on	on	ADP
blj-559	103	88	the	the	DET
blj-559	103	89	account	account	NOUN
blj-559	103	90	of	of	ADP
blj-559	103	91	these	these	DET
blj-559	103	92	four	four	NUM
blj-559	103	93	identifying	identify	VERB
blj-559	103	94	categories	category	NOUN
blj-559	103	95	is	be	AUX
blj-559	103	96	significant	significant	ADJ
blj-559	103	97	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	103	98	it	it	PRON
blj-559	103	99	is	be	AUX
blj-559	103	100	important	important	ADJ
blj-559	103	101	to	to	PART
blj-559	103	102	note	note	VERB
blj-559	103	103	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	103	104	this	this	DET
blj-559	103	105	statute	statute	NOUN
blj-559	103	106	was	be	AUX
blj-559	103	107	limited	limit	VERB
blj-559	103	108	in	in	ADP
blj-559	103	109	its	its	PRON
blj-559	103	110	application	application	NOUN
blj-559	103	111	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	103	112	as	as	SCONJ
blj-559	103	113	only	only	ADV
blj-559	103	114	six	six	NUM
blj-559	103	115	activities	activity	NOUN
blj-559	103	116	were	be	AUX
blj-559	103	117	explicitly	explicitly	ADV
blj-559	103	118	listed	list	VERB
blj-559	103	119	as	as	ADP
blj-559	103	120	federally	federally	ADV
blj-559	103	121	protected	protect	VERB
blj-559	103	122	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	104	1	in	in	ADP
blj-559	104	2	1990	1990	NUM
blj-559	104	3	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	104	4	the	the	DET
blj-559	104	5	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	104	6	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	104	7	statistics	statistic	NOUN
blj-559	104	8	act	act	PROPN
blj-559	104	9	(	(	PUNCT
blj-559	104	10	28	28	NUM
blj-559	104	11	u.s.c	u.s.c	ADJ
blj-559	104	12	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	104	13	section	section	NOUN
blj-559	104	14	534	534	NUM
blj-559	104	15	)	)	PUNCT
blj-559	104	16	was	be	AUX
blj-559	104	17	passed	pass	VERB
blj-559	104	18	which	which	PRON
blj-559	104	19	required	require	VERB
blj-559	104	20	the	the	DET
blj-559	104	21	department	department	NOUN
blj-559	104	22	of	of	ADP
blj-559	104	23	justice	justice	NOUN
blj-559	104	24	to	to	PART
blj-559	104	25	collect	collect	VERB
blj-559	104	26	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	104	27	publish	publish	VERB
blj-559	104	28	data	datum	NOUN
blj-559	104	29	about	about	ADP
blj-559	104	30	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	104	31	motivated	motivate	VERB
blj-559	104	32	by	by	ADP
blj-559	104	33	hatred	hatred	NOUN
blj-559	104	34	based	base	VERB
blj-559	104	35	on	on	ADP
blj-559	104	36	race	race	NOUN
blj-559	104	37	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	104	38	religion	religion	NOUN
blj-559	104	39	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	104	40	ethnicity	ethnicity	NOUN
blj-559	104	41	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	104	42	sexual	sexual	ADJ
blj-559	104	43	orientation	orientation	NOUN
blj-559	104	44	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	105	1	the	the	DET
blj-559	105	2	data	datum	NOUN
blj-559	105	3	that	that	PRON
blj-559	105	4	continues	continue	VERB
blj-559	105	5	to	to	PART
blj-559	105	6	be	be	AUX
blj-559	105	7	collected	collect	VERB
blj-559	105	8	annually	annually	ADV
blj-559	105	9	comes	come	VERB
blj-559	105	10	97	97	NUM
blj-559	105	11	shattuck	shattuck	NOUN
blj-559	105	12	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	105	13	john	john	PROPN
blj-559	105	14	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	105	15	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	105	16	mathias	mathias	PROPN
blj-559	105	17	risse	risse	PROPN
blj-559	105	18	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	106	1	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	106	2	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	106	3	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	106	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	106	5	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	107	1	carr	carr	PROPN
blj-559	107	2	center	center	PROPN
blj-559	107	3	for	for	ADP
blj-559	107	4	human	human	ADJ
blj-559	107	5	rights	right	NOUN
blj-559	107	6	policy	policy	NOUN
blj-559	107	7	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	107	8	february	february	PROPN
blj-559	107	9	22	22	NUM
blj-559	107	10	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	107	11	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	107	12	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	107	13	1–13	1–13	NOUN
blj-559	107	14	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	108	1	https://carrcenter.hks.harvard.edu/files/cchr/files/hate_crimes.pdf	https://carrcenter.hks.harvard.edu/files/cchr/files/hate_crimes.pdf	PROPN
blj-559	108	2	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	108	3	98	98	NUM
blj-559	108	4	edward	edward	PROPN
blj-559	108	5	kennedy	kennedy	PROPN
blj-559	108	6	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	108	7	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	108	8	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	108	9	:	:	PUNCT
blj-559	108	10	the	the	DET
blj-559	108	11	unfinished	unfinished	ADJ
blj-559	108	12	business	business	NOUN
blj-559	108	13	of	of	ADP
blj-559	108	14	america	america	PROPN
blj-559	108	15	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	108	16	44	44	NUM
blj-559	108	17	boston	boston	PROPN
blj-559	108	18	bar	bar	PROPN
blj-559	108	19	j.	j.	PROPN
blj-559	108	20	6	6	NUM
blj-559	108	21	(	(	PUNCT
blj-559	108	22	jan	jan	PROPN
blj-559	108	23	/	/	SYM
blj-559	108	24	feb	feb	PROPN
blj-559	108	25	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	108	26	2000	2000	NUM
blj-559	108	27	)	)	PUNCT
blj-559	108	28	accessed	access	VERB
blj-559	108	29	april	april	PROPN
blj-559	108	30	27	27	NUM
blj-559	108	31	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	108	32	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	108	33	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	109	1	99	99	NUM
blj-559	109	2	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	109	3	18	18	NUM
blj-559	109	4	u.s	u.s	PROPN
blj-559	109	5	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	109	6	code	code	PROPN
blj-559	109	7	§	§	PROPN
blj-559	109	8	245	245	NUM
blj-559	109	9	federally	federally	ADV
blj-559	109	10	protected	protect	VERB
blj-559	109	11	activities	activity	NOUN
blj-559	109	12	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	109	13	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	110	1	legal	legal	ADJ
blj-559	110	2	information	information	NOUN
blj-559	110	3	institute	institute	PROPN
blj-559	110	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	111	1	cornell	cornell	PROPN
blj-559	111	2	law	law	PROPN
blj-559	111	3	school	school	NOUN
blj-559	111	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	112	1	accessed	access	VERB
blj-559	112	2	april	april	PROPN
blj-559	112	3	27	27	NUM
blj-559	112	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	112	5	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	112	6	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	113	1	https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/18/245	https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/18/245	X
blj-559	113	2	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	113	3	100	100	NUM
blj-559	113	4	shattuck	shattuck	PROPN
blj-559	113	5	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	113	6	john	john	PROPN
blj-559	113	7	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	113	8	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	113	9	mathias	mathias	PROPN
blj-559	113	10	risse	risse	PROPN
blj-559	113	11	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	114	1	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	114	2	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	114	3	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	114	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	114	5	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	115	1	carr	carr	PROPN
blj-559	115	2	center	center	PROPN
blj-559	115	3	for	for	ADP
blj-559	115	4	human	human	ADJ
blj-559	115	5	rights	right	NOUN
blj-559	115	6	policy	policy	NOUN
blj-559	115	7	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	115	8	february	february	PROPN
blj-559	115	9	22	22	NUM
blj-559	115	10	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	115	11	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	115	12	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	115	13	1–13	1–13	NOUN
blj-559	115	14	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	116	1	https://carrcenter.hks.harvard.edu/files/cchr/files/hate_crimes.pdf	https://carrcenter.hks.harvard.edu/files/cchr/files/hate_crimes.pdf	PROPN
blj-559	116	2	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	117	1	49	49	NUM
blj-559	117	2	brandeis	brandeis	PROPN
blj-559	117	3	university	university	PROPN
blj-559	117	4	law	law	PROPN
blj-559	117	5	journal	journal	NOUN
blj-559	117	6	fall	fall	VERB
blj-559	117	7	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	117	8	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	117	9	volume	volume	NOUN
blj-559	117	10	9	9	NUM
blj-559	117	11	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	117	12	issue	issue	NOUN
blj-559	117	13	1	1	NUM
blj-559	117	14	from	from	ADP
blj-559	117	15	voluntary	voluntary	ADJ
blj-559	117	16	submissions	submission	NOUN
blj-559	117	17	by	by	ADP
blj-559	117	18	state	state	NOUN
blj-559	117	19	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	117	20	federal	federal	ADJ
blj-559	117	21	law	law	NOUN
blj-559	117	22	enforcement	enforcement	NOUN
blj-559	117	23	agencies	agency	NOUN
blj-559	117	24	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	118	1	since	since	SCONJ
blj-559	118	2	reporting	reporting	NOUN
blj-559	118	3	is	be	AUX
blj-559	118	4	not	not	PART
blj-559	118	5	mandatory	mandatory	ADJ
blj-559	118	6	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	118	7	the	the	DET
blj-559	118	8	numbers	number	NOUN
blj-559	118	9	that	that	PRON
blj-559	118	10	are	be	AUX
blj-559	118	11	reported	report	VERB
blj-559	118	12	are	be	AUX
blj-559	118	13	not	not	PART
blj-559	118	14	an	an	DET
blj-559	118	15	accurate	accurate	ADJ
blj-559	118	16	reflection	reflection	NOUN
blj-559	118	17	of	of	ADP
blj-559	118	18	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	118	19	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	118	20	occurrences	occurrence	NOUN
blj-559	118	21	each	each	DET
blj-559	118	22	year	year	NOUN
blj-559	118	23	which	which	PRON
blj-559	118	24	can	can	AUX
blj-559	118	25	have	have	VERB
blj-559	118	26	many	many	ADJ
blj-559	118	27	harmful	harmful	ADJ
blj-559	118	28	consequences	consequence	NOUN
blj-559	118	29	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	119	1	this	this	DET
blj-559	119	2	act	act	NOUN
blj-559	119	3	is	be	AUX
blj-559	119	4	especially	especially	ADV
blj-559	119	5	significant	significant	ADJ
blj-559	119	6	because	because	SCONJ
blj-559	119	7	it	it	PRON
blj-559	119	8	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	119	9	defined	define	VERB
blj-559	119	10	the	the	DET
blj-559	119	11	criminal	criminal	ADJ
blj-559	119	12	conduct	conduct	NOUN
blj-559	119	13	that	that	PRON
blj-559	119	14	constituted	constitute	VERB
blj-559	119	15	a	a	DET
blj-559	119	16	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	119	17	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	119	18	:	:	PUNCT
blj-559	119	19	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	119	20	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	119	21	are	be	AUX
blj-559	119	22	acts	act	NOUN
blj-559	119	23	that	that	PRON
blj-559	119	24	manifest	manifest	VERB
blj-559	119	25	evidence	evidence	NOUN
blj-559	119	26	of	of	ADP
blj-559	119	27	prejudice	prejudice	NOUN
blj-559	119	28	based	base	VERB
blj-559	119	29	on	on	ADP
blj-559	119	30	actual	actual	ADJ
blj-559	119	31	or	or	CCONJ
blj-559	119	32	perceived	perceive	VERB
blj-559	119	33	race	race	NOUN
blj-559	119	34	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	119	35	religion	religion	NOUN
blj-559	119	36	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	119	37	[	[	X
blj-559	119	38	national	national	ADJ
blj-559	119	39	origin	origin	NOUN
blj-559	119	40	]	]	PUNCT
blj-559	119	41	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	119	42	or	or	CCONJ
blj-559	119	43	ethnicity	ethnicity	NOUN
blj-559	119	44	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	120	1	”101	”101	NOUN
blj-559	120	2	four	four	NUM
blj-559	120	3	years	year	NOUN
blj-559	120	4	later	later	ADV
blj-559	120	5	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	120	6	the	the	DET
blj-559	120	7	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	120	8	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	120	9	sentencing	sentencing	NOUN
blj-559	120	10	enhancement	enhancement	NOUN
blj-559	120	11	act	act	NOUN
blj-559	120	12	was	be	AUX
blj-559	120	13	passed	pass	VERB
blj-559	120	14	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	120	15	added	add	VERB
blj-559	120	16	to	to	ADP
blj-559	120	17	the	the	DET
blj-559	120	18	violent	violent	ADJ
blj-559	120	19	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	120	20	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	120	21	law	law	NOUN
blj-559	120	22	enforcement	enforcement	NOUN
blj-559	120	23	act	act	PROPN
blj-559	120	24	of	of	ADP
blj-559	120	25	1994	1994	NUM
blj-559	120	26	as	as	ADP
blj-559	120	27	an	an	DET
blj-559	120	28	amendment	amendment	NOUN
blj-559	120	29	(	(	PUNCT
blj-559	120	30	42	42	NUM
blj-559	120	31	u.s.c	u.s.c	ADJ
blj-559	120	32	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	121	1	chapter	chapter	NOUN
blj-559	121	2	136	136	NUM
blj-559	121	3	)	)	PUNCT
blj-559	121	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	122	1	this	this	DET
blj-559	122	2	act	act	NOUN
blj-559	122	3	permits	permit	VERB
blj-559	122	4	federal	federal	ADJ
blj-559	122	5	judges	judge	NOUN
blj-559	122	6	to	to	PART
blj-559	122	7	impose	impose	VERB
blj-559	122	8	harsher	harsh	ADJ
blj-559	122	9	penalties	penalty	NOUN
blj-559	122	10	for	for	ADP
blj-559	122	11	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	122	12	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	122	13	while	while	SCONJ
blj-559	122	14	also	also	ADV
blj-559	122	15	expanding	expand	VERB
blj-559	122	16	protected	protect	VERB
blj-559	122	17	categories	category	NOUN
blj-559	122	18	to	to	PART
blj-559	122	19	include	include	VERB
blj-559	122	20	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	122	21	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	122	22	motivated	motivate	VERB
blj-559	122	23	by	by	ADP
blj-559	122	24	gender	gender	NOUN
blj-559	122	25	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	122	26	disability	disability	NOUN
blj-559	122	27	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	122	28	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	122	29	sexual	sexual	ADJ
blj-559	122	30	orientation	orientation	NOUN
blj-559	122	31	if	if	SCONJ
blj-559	122	32	they	they	PRON
blj-559	122	33	occur	occur	VERB
blj-559	122	34	on	on	ADP
blj-559	122	35	federal	federal	ADJ
blj-559	122	36	property	property	NOUN
blj-559	122	37	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	123	1	102	102	NUM
blj-559	123	2	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	123	3	103	103	NUM
blj-559	123	4	the	the	DET
blj-559	123	5	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	123	6	crimes	crimes	PROPN
blj-559	123	7	prevention	prevention	PROPN
blj-559	123	8	act	act	PROPN
blj-559	123	9	(	(	PUNCT
blj-559	123	10	18	18	NUM
blj-559	123	11	u.s.c	u.s.c	ADJ
blj-559	123	12	section	section	NOUN
blj-559	123	13	249	249	NUM
blj-559	123	14	)	)	PUNCT
blj-559	123	15	was	be	AUX
blj-559	123	16	passed	pass	VERB
blj-559	123	17	in	in	ADP
blj-559	123	18	2009	2009	NUM
blj-559	123	19	as	as	ADP
blj-559	123	20	a	a	DET
blj-559	123	21	response	response	NOUN
blj-559	123	22	to	to	ADP
blj-559	123	23	the	the	DET
blj-559	123	24	deaths	death	NOUN
blj-559	123	25	of	of	ADP
blj-559	123	26	matthew	matthew	PROPN
blj-559	123	27	shepard	shepard	PROPN
blj-559	123	28	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	123	29	james	james	PROPN
blj-559	123	30	byrd	byrd	PROPN
blj-559	123	31	jr	jr	PROPN
blj-559	123	32	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	123	33	which	which	PRON
blj-559	123	34	were	be	AUX
blj-559	123	35	both	both	PRON
blj-559	123	36	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	123	37	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	123	38	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	124	1	this	this	DET
blj-559	124	2	act	act	NOUN
blj-559	124	3	expanded	expand	VERB
blj-559	124	4	federal	federal	ADJ
blj-559	124	5	hate	hate	PROPN
blj-559	124	6	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	124	7	laws	law	NOUN
blj-559	124	8	further	far	ADV
blj-559	124	9	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	124	10	officially	officially	ADV
blj-559	124	11	included	include	VERB
blj-559	124	12	gender	gender	NOUN
blj-559	124	13	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	124	14	disability	disability	NOUN
blj-559	124	15	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	124	16	gender	gender	NOUN
blj-559	124	17	identity	identity	NOUN
blj-559	124	18	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	124	19	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	124	20	sexual	sexual	ADJ
blj-559	124	21	orientation	orientation	NOUN
blj-559	124	22	to	to	ADP
blj-559	124	23	the	the	DET
blj-559	124	24	definition	definition	NOUN
blj-559	124	25	of	of	ADP
blj-559	124	26	a	a	DET
blj-559	124	27	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	124	28	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	124	29	while	while	SCONJ
blj-559	124	30	removing	remove	VERB
blj-559	124	31	jurisdictional	jurisdictional	ADJ
blj-559	124	32	obstacles	obstacle	NOUN
blj-559	124	33	to	to	ADP
blj-559	124	34	prosecutions	prosecution	NOUN
blj-559	124	35	of	of	ADP
blj-559	124	36	racially	racially	ADV
blj-559	124	37	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	124	38	religiously	religiously	ADV
blj-559	124	39	motivated	motivated	ADJ
blj-559	124	40	violence.104	violence.104	PROPN
blj-559	124	41	other	other	ADJ
blj-559	124	42	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	124	43	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	124	44	related	relate	VERB
blj-559	124	45	federal	federal	ADJ
blj-559	124	46	laws	law	NOUN
blj-559	124	47	include	include	VERB
blj-559	124	48	the	the	DET
blj-559	124	49	criminal	criminal	ADJ
blj-559	124	50	interference	interference	NOUN
blj-559	124	51	with	with	ADP
blj-559	124	52	right	right	NOUN
blj-559	124	53	to	to	ADP
blj-559	124	54	fair	fair	ADJ
blj-559	124	55	housing	housing	NOUN
blj-559	124	56	act	act	NOUN
blj-559	124	57	(	(	PUNCT
blj-559	124	58	42	42	NUM
blj-559	124	59	u.s.c	u.s.c	ADJ
blj-559	124	60	section	section	NOUN
blj-559	124	61	3631	3631	NUM
blj-559	124	62	)	)	PUNCT
blj-559	124	63	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	124	64	which	which	PRON
blj-559	124	65	made	make	VERB
blj-559	124	66	it	it	PRON
blj-559	124	67	illegal	illegal	ADJ
blj-559	124	68	to	to	PART
blj-559	124	69	interfere	interfere	VERB
blj-559	124	70	with	with	ADP
blj-559	124	71	an	an	DET
blj-559	124	72	individual	individual	NOUN
blj-559	124	73	’s	’s	PART
blj-559	124	74	housing	housing	NOUN
blj-559	124	75	rights	right	NOUN
blj-559	124	76	due	due	ADP
blj-559	124	77	to	to	ADP
blj-559	124	78	any	any	PRON
blj-559	124	79	of	of	ADP
blj-559	124	80	their	their	PRON
blj-559	124	81	actual	actual	ADJ
blj-559	124	82	or	or	CCONJ
blj-559	124	83	perceived	perceive	VERB
blj-559	124	84	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
blj-559	124	85	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	124	86	the	the	DET
blj-559	124	87	damage	damage	NOUN
blj-559	124	88	to	to	ADP
blj-559	124	89	religious	religious	ADJ
blj-559	124	90	property	property	NOUN
blj-559	124	91	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	124	92	church	church	PROPN
blj-559	124	93	arson	arson	PROPN
blj-559	124	94	prevention	prevention	PROPN
blj-559	124	95	act	act	PROPN
blj-559	124	96	(	(	PUNCT
blj-559	124	97	18	18	NUM
blj-559	124	98	u.s.c	u.s.c	ADJ
blj-559	124	99	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	124	100	section	section	NOUN
blj-559	124	101	247	247	NUM
blj-559	124	102	)	)	PUNCT
blj-559	124	103	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	124	104	which	which	PRON
blj-559	124	105	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	124	106	prohibits	prohibit	VERB
blj-559	124	107	the	the	DET
blj-559	124	108	intentional	intentional	ADJ
blj-559	124	109	defacement	defacement	NOUN
blj-559	124	110	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	124	111	damage	damage	NOUN
blj-559	124	112	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	124	113	or	or	CCONJ
blj-559	124	114	destruction	destruction	NOUN
blj-559	124	115	of	of	ADP
blj-559	124	116	religious	religious	ADJ
blj-559	124	117	property	property	NOUN
blj-559	124	118	because	because	SCONJ
blj-559	124	119	of	of	ADP
blj-559	124	120	the	the	DET
blj-559	124	121	religious	religious	ADJ
blj-559	124	122	nature	nature	NOUN
blj-559	124	123	of	of	ADP
blj-559	124	124	the	the	DET
blj-559	124	125	property	property	NOUN
blj-559	124	126	[	[	X
blj-559	124	127	...	...	PUNCT
blj-559	124	128	]	]	PUNCT
blj-559	124	129	or	or	CCONJ
blj-559	124	130	because	because	SCONJ
blj-559	124	131	of	of	ADP
blj-559	124	132	the	the	DET
blj-559	124	133	race	race	NOUN
blj-559	124	134	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	124	135	color	color	NOUN
blj-559	124	136	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	124	137	or	or	CCONJ
blj-559	124	138	101	101	NUM
blj-559	124	139	shattuck	shattuck	NOUN
blj-559	124	140	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	124	141	john	john	PROPN
blj-559	124	142	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	124	143	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	124	144	mathias	mathias	PROPN
blj-559	124	145	risse	risse	PROPN
blj-559	124	146	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	125	1	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	125	2	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	125	3	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	125	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	125	5	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	126	1	carr	carr	PROPN
blj-559	126	2	center	center	PROPN
blj-559	126	3	for	for	ADP
blj-559	126	4	human	human	ADJ
blj-559	126	5	rights	right	NOUN
blj-559	126	6	policy	policy	NOUN
blj-559	126	7	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	126	8	february	february	PROPN
blj-559	126	9	22	22	NUM
blj-559	126	10	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	126	11	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	126	12	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	126	13	1–13	1–13	NOUN
blj-559	126	14	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	127	1	https://carrcenter.hks.harvard.edu/files/cchr/files/hate_crimes.pdf	https://carrcenter.hks.harvard.edu/files/cchr/files/hate_crimes.pdf	PROPN
blj-559	127	2	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	128	1	102	102	NUM
blj-559	128	2	stacey	stacey	PROPN
blj-559	128	3	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	128	4	michele	michele	PROPN
blj-559	128	5	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	128	6	2015	2015	NUM
blj-559	128	7	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	129	1	"	"	PUNCT
blj-559	129	2	the	the	DET
blj-559	129	3	effect	effect	NOUN
blj-559	129	4	of	of	ADP
blj-559	129	5	law	law	NOUN
blj-559	129	6	on	on	ADP
blj-559	129	7	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	129	8	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	129	9	reporting	reporting	NOUN
blj-559	129	10	:	:	PUNCT
blj-559	129	11	the	the	DET
blj-559	129	12	case	case	NOUN
blj-559	129	13	of	of	ADP
blj-559	129	14	racial	racial	ADJ
blj-559	129	15	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	129	16	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
blj-559	129	17	violence	violence	NOUN
blj-559	129	18	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	129	19	"	"	PUNCT
blj-559	130	1	american	american	ADJ
blj-559	130	2	journal	journal	PROPN
blj-559	130	3	of	of	ADP
blj-559	130	4	criminal	criminal	ADJ
blj-559	130	5	justice	justice	NOUN
blj-559	130	6	:	:	PUNCT
blj-559	130	7	ajcj	ajcj	NOUN
blj-559	130	8	40	40	NUM
blj-559	130	9	(	(	PUNCT
blj-559	130	10	4	4	NUM
blj-559	130	11	)	)	PUNCT
blj-559	130	12	(	(	PUNCT
blj-559	130	13	12	12	NUM
blj-559	130	14	):	):	PUNCT
blj-559	130	15	876	876	NUM
blj-559	130	16	-	-	SYM
blj-559	130	17	900	900	NUM
blj-559	130	18	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	131	1	doi	doi	NOUN
blj-559	131	2	:	:	PUNCT
blj-559	131	3	http://dx.doi.org/10.1007	http://dx.doi.org/10.1007	ADJ
blj-559	131	4	/	/	SYM
blj-559	131	5	s12103	s12103	NOUN
blj-559	131	6	-	-	PUNCT
blj-559	131	7	015	015	NUM
blj-559	131	8	-	-	PUNCT
blj-559	131	9	9289	9289	NUM
blj-559	131	10	-	-	PUNCT
blj-559	131	11	3	3	NUM
blj-559	131	12	.	.	NOUN
blj-559	131	13	103	103	NUM
blj-559	131	14	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	131	15	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	131	16	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	131	17	timeline	timeline	NOUN
blj-559	131	18	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	131	19	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	132	1	the	the	DET
blj-559	132	2	human	human	ADJ
blj-559	132	3	rights	right	NOUN
blj-559	132	4	campaign	campaign	NOUN
blj-559	132	5	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	133	1	the	the	DET
blj-559	133	2	human	human	ADJ
blj-559	133	3	rights	right	NOUN
blj-559	133	4	campaign	campaign	NOUN
blj-559	133	5	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	134	1	accessed	access	VERB
blj-559	134	2	may	may	PROPN
blj-559	134	3	5	5	NUM
blj-559	134	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	134	5	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	134	6	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	135	1	https://www.hrc.org/resources/hate-crimes-timeline	https://www.hrc.org/resources/hate-crimes-timeline	PROPN
blj-559	135	2	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	136	1	104	104	NUM
blj-559	136	2	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	136	3	matthew	matthew	PROPN
blj-559	136	4	shepard	shepard	PROPN
blj-559	136	5	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	136	6	james	james	PROPN
blj-559	136	7	byrd	byrd	PROPN
blj-559	136	8	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	136	9	jr	jr	PROPN
blj-559	136	10	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	136	11	hate	hate	PROPN
blj-559	136	12	crimes	crimes	PROPN
blj-559	136	13	prevention	prevention	PROPN
blj-559	136	14	act	act	PROPN
blj-559	136	15	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	136	16	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	137	1	legal	legal	ADJ
blj-559	137	2	information	information	NOUN
blj-559	137	3	institute	institute	PROPN
blj-559	137	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	138	1	cornell	cornell	PROPN
blj-559	138	2	law	law	PROPN
blj-559	138	3	school	school	NOUN
blj-559	138	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	139	1	accessed	access	VERB
blj-559	139	2	may	may	PROPN
blj-559	139	3	5	5	NUM
blj-559	139	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	139	5	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	139	6	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	140	1	https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/matthew_shepard_and_james_byrd_jr_hate_crimes_preve	https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/matthew_shepard_and_james_byrd_jr_hate_crimes_preve	VERB
blj-559	140	2	ntion_act	ntion_act	PROPN
blj-559	140	3	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	141	1	50	50	NUM
blj-559	141	2	brandeis	brandeis	PROPN
blj-559	141	3	university	university	PROPN
blj-559	141	4	law	law	PROPN
blj-559	141	5	journal	journal	NOUN
blj-559	141	6	fall	fall	VERB
blj-559	141	7	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	141	8	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	141	9	volume	volume	NOUN
blj-559	141	10	9	9	NUM
blj-559	141	11	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	141	12	issue	issue	NOUN
blj-559	141	13	1	1	NUM
blj-559	141	14	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
blj-559	141	15	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
blj-559	141	16	of	of	ADP
blj-559	141	17	the	the	DET
blj-559	141	18	people	people	NOUN
blj-559	141	19	associated	associate	VERB
blj-559	141	20	with	with	ADP
blj-559	141	21	the	the	DET
blj-559	141	22	property	property	NOUN
blj-559	141	23	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	142	1	”105	”105	ADJ
blj-559	142	2	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	142	3	106	106	NUM
blj-559	142	4	additionally	additionally	ADV
blj-559	142	5	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	142	6	18	18	NUM
blj-559	142	7	u.s.c	u.s.c	NOUN
blj-559	142	8	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	142	9	section	section	NOUN
blj-559	142	10	241	241	NUM
blj-559	142	11	makes	make	VERB
blj-559	142	12	the	the	DET
blj-559	142	13	involvement	involvement	NOUN
blj-559	142	14	of	of	ADP
blj-559	142	15	two	two	NUM
blj-559	142	16	or	or	CCONJ
blj-559	142	17	more	more	ADJ
blj-559	142	18	people	people	NOUN
blj-559	142	19	in	in	ADP
blj-559	142	20	the	the	DET
blj-559	142	21	conspiracy	conspiracy	NOUN
blj-559	142	22	to	to	PART
blj-559	142	23	commit	commit	VERB
blj-559	142	24	a	a	DET
blj-559	142	25	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	142	26	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	142	27	or	or	CCONJ
blj-559	142	28	intimidate	intimidate	VERB
blj-559	142	29	an	an	DET
blj-559	142	30	individual	individual	NOUN
blj-559	142	31	due	due	ADP
blj-559	142	32	to	to	ADP
blj-559	142	33	their	their	PRON
blj-559	142	34	actual	actual	ADJ
blj-559	142	35	or	or	CCONJ
blj-559	142	36	perceived	perceive	VERB
blj-559	142	37	characteristics	characteristic	NOUN
blj-559	142	38	from	from	ADP
blj-559	142	39	enjoying	enjoy	VERB
blj-559	142	40	constitutional	constitutional	ADJ
blj-559	142	41	rights	right	NOUN
blj-559	142	42	illegal	illegal	ADJ
blj-559	142	43	in	in	ADP
blj-559	142	44	any	any	DET
blj-559	142	45	context	context	NOUN
blj-559	142	46	where	where	SCONJ
blj-559	142	47	the	the	DET
blj-559	142	48	federal	federal	ADJ
blj-559	142	49	government	government	NOUN
blj-559	142	50	would	would	AUX
blj-559	142	51	have	have	VERB
blj-559	142	52	jurisdiction.107	jurisdiction.107	NOUN
blj-559	142	53	through	through	ADP
blj-559	142	54	the	the	DET
blj-559	142	55	passage	passage	NOUN
blj-559	142	56	of	of	ADP
blj-559	142	57	multiple	multiple	ADJ
blj-559	142	58	legislative	legislative	ADJ
blj-559	142	59	acts	act	NOUN
blj-559	142	60	designed	design	VERB
blj-559	142	61	to	to	PART
blj-559	142	62	prevent	prevent	VERB
blj-559	142	63	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	142	64	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	142	65	from	from	ADP
blj-559	142	66	occurring	occur	VERB
blj-559	142	67	or	or	CCONJ
blj-559	142	68	punish	punish	VERB
blj-559	142	69	those	those	PRON
blj-559	142	70	who	who	PRON
blj-559	142	71	commit	commit	VERB
blj-559	142	72	a	a	DET
blj-559	142	73	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	142	74	with	with	ADP
blj-559	142	75	the	the	DET
blj-559	142	76	intent	intent	NOUN
blj-559	142	77	of	of	ADP
blj-559	142	78	harming	harm	VERB
blj-559	142	79	a	a	DET
blj-559	142	80	specific	specific	ADJ
blj-559	142	81	person	person	NOUN
blj-559	142	82	due	due	ADJ
blj-559	142	83	to	to	ADP
blj-559	142	84	an	an	DET
blj-559	142	85	element	element	NOUN
blj-559	142	86	of	of	ADP
blj-559	142	87	who	who	PRON
blj-559	142	88	they	they	PRON
blj-559	142	89	are	be	AUX
blj-559	142	90	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	142	91	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	142	92	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	142	93	became	become	VERB
blj-559	142	94	a	a	DET
blj-559	142	95	topic	topic	NOUN
blj-559	142	96	that	that	PRON
blj-559	142	97	garnered	garner	VERB
blj-559	142	98	national	national	ADJ
blj-559	142	99	attention	attention	NOUN
blj-559	142	100	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	143	1	demonstrating	demonstrate	VERB
blj-559	143	2	that	that	PRON
blj-559	143	3	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	143	4	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	143	5	are	be	AUX
blj-559	143	6	a	a	DET
blj-559	143	7	serious	serious	ADJ
blj-559	143	8	offense	offense	NOUN
blj-559	143	9	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	143	10	the	the	DET
blj-559	143	11	creation	creation	NOUN
blj-559	143	12	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	143	13	implementation	implementation	NOUN
blj-559	143	14	of	of	ADP
blj-559	143	15	these	these	DET
blj-559	143	16	laws	law	NOUN
blj-559	143	17	has	have	AUX
blj-559	143	18	encouraged	encourage	VERB
blj-559	143	19	victims	victim	NOUN
blj-559	143	20	to	to	PART
blj-559	143	21	come	come	VERB
blj-559	143	22	forward	forward	ADV
blj-559	143	23	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	143	24	report	report	VERB
blj-559	143	25	incidents	incident	NOUN
blj-559	143	26	they	they	PRON
blj-559	143	27	experience	experience	VERB
blj-559	143	28	as	as	ADV
blj-559	143	29	well	well	ADV
blj-559	143	30	as	as	ADP
blj-559	143	31	motivated	motivated	ADJ
blj-559	143	32	states	state	NOUN
blj-559	143	33	to	to	PART
blj-559	143	34	add	add	VERB
blj-559	143	35	strong	strong	ADJ
blj-559	143	36	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	143	37	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	143	38	statutes	statute	NOUN
blj-559	143	39	to	to	ADP
blj-559	143	40	their	their	PRON
blj-559	143	41	criminal	criminal	ADJ
blj-559	143	42	codes	code	NOUN
blj-559	143	43	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	144	1	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	144	2	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	144	3	legislation	legislation	NOUN
blj-559	144	4	on	on	ADP
blj-559	144	5	a	a	DET
blj-559	144	6	state	state	NOUN
blj-559	144	7	level	level	NOUN
blj-559	144	8	states	state	NOUN
blj-559	144	9	are	be	AUX
blj-559	144	10	granted	grant	VERB
blj-559	144	11	primary	primary	ADJ
blj-559	144	12	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
blj-559	144	13	authority	authority	NOUN
blj-559	144	14	over	over	ADP
blj-559	144	15	their	their	PRON
blj-559	144	16	own	own	ADJ
blj-559	144	17	criminal	criminal	ADJ
blj-559	144	18	codes	code	NOUN
blj-559	144	19	through	through	ADP
blj-559	144	20	the	the	DET
blj-559	144	21	tenth	tenth	ADJ
blj-559	144	22	amendment	amendment	NOUN
blj-559	144	23	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	144	24	which	which	PRON
blj-559	144	25	allows	allow	VERB
blj-559	144	26	for	for	ADP
blj-559	144	27	all	all	DET
blj-559	144	28	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	144	29	powers	power	NOUN
blj-559	144	30	not	not	PART
blj-559	144	31	delegated	delegate	VERB
blj-559	144	32	to	to	ADP
blj-559	144	33	the	the	DET
blj-559	144	34	united	united	PROPN
blj-559	144	35	states	states	PROPN
blj-559	144	36	by	by	ADP
blj-559	144	37	the	the	DET
blj-559	144	38	constitution	constitution	NOUN
blj-559	144	39	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	144	40	nor	nor	CCONJ
blj-559	144	41	prohibited	prohibit	VERB
blj-559	144	42	to	to	ADP
blj-559	144	43	it	it	PRON
blj-559	144	44	by	by	ADP
blj-559	144	45	the	the	DET
blj-559	144	46	states	state	NOUN
blj-559	144	47	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	144	48	to	to	PART
blj-559	144	49	be	be	AUX
blj-559	144	50	granted	grant	VERB
blj-559	144	51	to	to	ADP
blj-559	144	52	the	the	DET
blj-559	144	53	states.108	states.108	NOUN
blj-559	144	54	the	the	DET
blj-559	144	55	tenth	tenth	ADJ
blj-559	144	56	amendment	amendment	NOUN
blj-559	144	57	also	also	ADV
blj-559	144	58	gives	give	VERB
blj-559	144	59	states	state	NOUN
blj-559	144	60	police	police	NOUN
blj-559	144	61	power	power	NOUN
blj-559	144	62	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	144	63	which	which	PRON
blj-559	144	64	essentially	essentially	ADV
blj-559	144	65	provides	provide	VERB
blj-559	144	66	states	state	NOUN
blj-559	144	67	with	with	ADP
blj-559	144	68	the	the	DET
blj-559	144	69	right	right	NOUN
blj-559	144	70	to	to	PART
blj-559	144	71	establish	establish	VERB
blj-559	144	72	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	144	73	enforce	enforce	VERB
blj-559	144	74	laws	law	NOUN
blj-559	144	75	that	that	PRON
blj-559	144	76	pertain	pertain	VERB
blj-559	144	77	to	to	ADP
blj-559	144	78	the	the	DET
blj-559	144	79	wellbeing	wellbeing	NOUN
blj-559	144	80	of	of	ADP
blj-559	144	81	its	its	PRON
blj-559	144	82	citizens.109	citizens.109	NOUN
blj-559	144	83	this	this	DET
blj-559	144	84	delegation	delegation	NOUN
blj-559	144	85	of	of	ADP
blj-559	144	86	power	power	NOUN
blj-559	144	87	is	be	AUX
blj-559	144	88	a	a	DET
blj-559	144	89	significant	significant	ADJ
blj-559	144	90	reason	reason	NOUN
blj-559	144	91	why	why	SCONJ
blj-559	144	92	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	144	93	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	144	94	statutes	statute	NOUN
blj-559	144	95	vary	vary	VERB
blj-559	144	96	so	so	ADV
blj-559	144	97	drastically	drastically	ADV
blj-559	144	98	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	145	1	it	it	PRON
blj-559	145	2	is	be	AUX
blj-559	145	3	left	leave	VERB
blj-559	145	4	up	up	ADP
blj-559	145	5	to	to	ADP
blj-559	145	6	the	the	DET
blj-559	145	7	states	state	NOUN
blj-559	145	8	’	'	PUNCT
blj-559	145	9	discretion	discretion	NOUN
blj-559	145	10	to	to	PART
blj-559	145	11	determine	determine	VERB
blj-559	145	12	what	what	PRON
blj-559	145	13	is	be	AUX
blj-559	145	14	a	a	DET
blj-559	145	15	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	145	16	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	145	17	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	145	18	how	how	SCONJ
blj-559	145	19	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	145	20	if	if	SCONJ
blj-559	145	21	at	at	ADV
blj-559	145	22	all	all	ADV
blj-559	145	23	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	145	24	they	they	PRON
blj-559	145	25	should	should	AUX
blj-559	145	26	be	be	AUX
blj-559	145	27	regulated	regulate	VERB
blj-559	145	28	or	or	CCONJ
blj-559	145	29	criminalized	criminalize	VERB
blj-559	145	30	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	146	1	in	in	ADP
blj-559	146	2	a	a	DET
blj-559	146	3	recent	recent	ADJ
blj-559	146	4	interview	interview	NOUN
blj-559	146	5	i	i	PRON
blj-559	146	6	conducted	conduct	VERB
blj-559	146	7	with	with	ADP
blj-559	146	8	amy	amy	PROPN
blj-559	146	9	feinman	feinman	PROPN
blj-559	146	10	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	146	11	the	the	DET
blj-559	146	12	northeast	northeast	ADJ
blj-559	146	13	area	area	NOUN
blj-559	146	14	civil	civil	ADJ
blj-559	146	15	rights	right	NOUN
blj-559	146	16	counsel	counsel	NOUN
blj-559	146	17	for	for	ADP
blj-559	146	18	the	the	DET
blj-559	146	19	anti	anti	ADJ
blj-559	146	20	-	-	ADJ
blj-559	146	21	defamation	defamation	ADJ
blj-559	146	22	league	league	NOUN
blj-559	146	23	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	146	24	an	an	DET
blj-559	146	25	organization	organization	NOUN
blj-559	146	26	that	that	PRON
blj-559	146	27	is	be	AUX
blj-559	146	28	devoted	devote	VERB
blj-559	146	29	to	to	ADP
blj-559	146	30	securing	secure	VERB
blj-559	146	31	justice	justice	NOUN
blj-559	146	32	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	146	33	fair	fair	ADJ
blj-559	146	34	treatment	treatment	NOUN
blj-559	146	35	for	for	ADP
blj-559	146	36	all	all	PRON
blj-559	146	37	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	146	38	she	she	PRON
blj-559	146	39	noted	note	VERB
blj-559	146	40	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	146	41	this	this	DET
blj-559	146	42	varia	varia	NOUN
blj-559	146	43	nce	nce	NOUN
blj-559	146	44	is	be	AUX
blj-559	146	45	also	also	ADV
blj-559	146	46	105	105	NUM
blj-559	146	47	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	146	48	42	42	NUM
blj-559	146	49	u.s	u.s	PROPN
blj-559	146	50	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	146	51	code	code	PROPN
blj-559	146	52	§	§	PROPN
blj-559	146	53	 	 	SPACE
blj-559	146	54	3631.violations	3631.violation	NOUN
blj-559	146	55	;	;	PUNCT
blj-559	146	56	penalties	penalty	NOUN
blj-559	146	57	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	146	58	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	147	1	legal	legal	ADJ
blj-559	147	2	information	information	NOUN
blj-559	147	3	institute	institute	PROPN
blj-559	147	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	148	1	cornell	cornell	PROPN
blj-559	148	2	law	law	PROPN
blj-559	148	3	school	school	NOUN
blj-559	148	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	149	1	accessed	access	VERB
blj-559	149	2	may	may	PROPN
blj-559	149	3	7	7	NUM
blj-559	149	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	149	5	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	149	6	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	150	1	https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/42/3631	https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/42/3631	PROPN
blj-559	150	2	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	151	1	106	106	NUM
blj-559	151	2	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	151	3	18	18	NUM
blj-559	151	4	u.s	u.s	PROPN
blj-559	151	5	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	151	6	code	code	PROPN
blj-559	151	7	§	§	PROPN
blj-559	151	8	247	247	NUM
blj-559	151	9	damage	damage	NOUN
blj-559	151	10	to	to	ADP
blj-559	151	11	religious	religious	ADJ
blj-559	151	12	property	property	NOUN
blj-559	151	13	;	;	PUNCT
blj-559	151	14	obstruction	obstruction	NOUN
blj-559	151	15	of	of	ADP
blj-559	151	16	persons	person	NOUN
blj-559	151	17	in	in	ADP
blj-559	151	18	the	the	DET
blj-559	151	19	free	free	ADJ
blj-559	151	20	exercise	exercise	NOUN
blj-559	151	21	of	of	ADP
blj-559	151	22	religious	religious	ADJ
blj-559	151	23	beliefs	belief	NOUN
blj-559	151	24	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	151	25	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	152	1	legal	legal	ADJ
blj-559	152	2	information	information	NOUN
blj-559	152	3	institute	institute	PROPN
blj-559	152	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	153	1	cornell	cornell	PROPN
blj-559	153	2	law	law	PROPN
blj-559	153	3	school	school	NOUN
blj-559	153	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	154	1	accessed	access	VERB
blj-559	154	2	may	may	PROPN
blj-559	154	3	7	7	NUM
blj-559	154	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	154	5	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	154	6	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	155	1	https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/18/247	https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/18/247	PROPN
blj-559	155	2	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	156	1	107	107	NUM
blj-559	156	2	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	156	3	18	18	NUM
blj-559	156	4	u.s	u.s	PROPN
blj-559	156	5	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	156	6	code	code	PROPN
blj-559	156	7	§	§	PROPN
blj-559	156	8	241	241	NUM
blj-559	156	9	conspiracy	conspiracy	NOUN
blj-559	156	10	against	against	ADP
blj-559	156	11	rights	right	NOUN
blj-559	156	12	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	156	13	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	157	1	legal	legal	ADJ
blj-559	157	2	information	information	NOUN
blj-559	157	3	institute	institute	PROPN
blj-559	157	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	158	1	cornell	cornell	PROPN
blj-559	158	2	law	law	PROPN
blj-559	158	3	school	school	NOUN
blj-559	158	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	159	1	accessed	access	VERB
blj-559	159	2	may	may	PROPN
blj-559	159	3	5	5	NUM
blj-559	159	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	159	5	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	159	6	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	160	1	https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/18/241	https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/18/241	X
blj-559	160	2	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	161	1	108	108	NUM
blj-559	161	2	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	161	3	federalism	federalism	NOUN
blj-559	161	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	161	5	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	161	6	criminal	criminal	ADJ
blj-559	161	7	law	law	NOUN
blj-559	161	8	by	by	ADP
blj-559	161	9	university	university	PROPN
blj-559	161	10	of	of	ADP
blj-559	161	11	minnesota	minnesota	PROPN
blj-559	161	12	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	162	1	university	university	PROPN
blj-559	162	2	of	of	ADP
blj-559	162	3	minnesota	minnesota	PROPN
blj-559	162	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	163	1	accessed	access	VERB
blj-559	163	2	may	may	PROPN
blj-559	163	3	5	5	NUM
blj-559	163	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	163	5	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	163	6	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	164	1	https://open.lib.umn.edu/criminallaw/chapter/1-1-federalism/.	https://open.lib.umn.edu/criminallaw/chapter/1-1-federalism/.	PROPN
blj-559	164	2	109	109	NUM
blj-559	164	3	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	164	4	police	police	NOUN
blj-559	164	5	powers	power	NOUN
blj-559	164	6	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	164	7	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	165	1	legal	legal	ADJ
blj-559	165	2	information	information	NOUN
blj-559	165	3	institute	institute	PROPN
blj-559	165	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	166	1	cornell	cornell	PROPN
blj-559	166	2	law	law	PROPN
blj-559	166	3	school	school	NOUN
blj-559	166	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	167	1	accessed	access	VERB
blj-559	167	2	may	may	PROPN
blj-559	167	3	5	5	NUM
blj-559	167	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	167	5	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	167	6	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	168	1	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	168	2	federalism	federalism	NOUN
blj-559	168	3	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	168	4	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	168	5	criminal	criminal	ADJ
blj-559	168	6	law	law	NOUN
blj-559	168	7	by	by	ADP
blj-559	168	8	university	university	PROPN
blj-559	168	9	of	of	ADP
blj-559	168	10	minnesota	minnesota	PROPN
blj-559	168	11	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	169	1	university	university	PROPN
blj-559	169	2	of	of	ADP
blj-559	169	3	minnesota	minnesota	PROPN
blj-559	169	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	170	1	accessed	access	VERB
blj-559	170	2	may	may	PROPN
blj-559	170	3	5	5	NUM
blj-559	170	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	170	5	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	170	6	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	171	1	https://open.lib.umn.edu/criminallaw/chapter/1-1-federalism/.	https://open.lib.umn.edu/criminallaw/chapter/1-1-federalism/.	PROPN
blj-559	171	2	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	172	1	51	51	NUM
blj-559	172	2	brandeis	brandeis	PROPN
blj-559	172	3	university	university	PROPN
blj-559	172	4	law	law	PROPN
blj-559	172	5	journal	journal	NOUN
blj-559	172	6	fall	fall	VERB
blj-559	172	7	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	172	8	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	172	9	volume	volume	NOUN
blj-559	172	10	9	9	NUM
blj-559	172	11	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	172	12	issue	issue	NOUN
blj-559	172	13	1	1	NUM
blj-559	172	14	due	due	ADP
blj-559	172	15	to	to	ADP
blj-559	172	16	existing	exist	VERB
blj-559	172	17	statutory	statutory	ADJ
blj-559	172	18	frameworks.110	frameworks.110	NOUN
blj-559	172	19	given	give	VERB
blj-559	172	20	how	how	SCONJ
blj-559	172	21	their	their	PRON
blj-559	172	22	criminal	criminal	ADJ
blj-559	172	23	codes	code	NOUN
blj-559	172	24	are	be	AUX
blj-559	172	25	structured	structure	VERB
blj-559	172	26	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	172	27	some	some	DET
blj-559	172	28	states	state	NOUN
blj-559	172	29	opt	opt	VERB
blj-559	172	30	to	to	PART
blj-559	172	31	create	create	VERB
blj-559	172	32	free	free	ADV
blj-559	172	33	-	-	PUNCT
blj-559	172	34	standing	stand	VERB
blj-559	172	35	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	172	36	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	172	37	statutes	statute	NOUN
blj-559	172	38	while	while	SCONJ
blj-559	172	39	others	other	NOUN
blj-559	172	40	choose	choose	VERB
blj-559	172	41	to	to	PART
blj-559	172	42	embed	embed	VERB
blj-559	172	43	regulations	regulation	NOUN
blj-559	172	44	regarding	regard	VERB
blj-559	172	45	bias	bias	NOUN
blj-559	172	46	-	-	PUNCT
blj-559	172	47	motivated	motivate	VERB
blj-559	172	48	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	172	49	into	into	ADP
blj-559	172	50	pre	pre	ADJ
blj-559	172	51	-	-	ADJ
blj-559	172	52	existing	existing	ADJ
blj-559	172	53	legislation	legislation	NOUN
blj-559	172	54	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	173	1	111	111	NUM
blj-559	173	2	this	this	DET
blj-559	173	3	variation	variation	NOUN
blj-559	173	4	also	also	ADV
blj-559	173	5	determines	determine	VERB
blj-559	173	6	whether	whether	SCONJ
blj-559	173	7	states	state	NOUN
blj-559	173	8	will	will	AUX
blj-559	173	9	choose	choose	VERB
blj-559	173	10	to	to	PART
blj-559	173	11	adopt	adopt	VERB
blj-559	173	12	a	a	DET
blj-559	173	13	penalty	penalty	NOUN
blj-559	173	14	enhancement	enhancement	NOUN
blj-559	173	15	sentencing	sentencing	NOUN
blj-559	173	16	model	model	NOUN
blj-559	173	17	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	174	1	the	the	DET
blj-559	174	2	rationale	rationale	NOUN
blj-559	174	3	behind	behind	ADP
blj-559	174	4	this	this	DET
blj-559	174	5	model	model	NOUN
blj-559	174	6	is	be	AUX
blj-559	174	7	to	to	PART
blj-559	174	8	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	174	9	recognize	recognize	VERB
blj-559	174	10	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	174	11	effectively	effectively	ADV
blj-559	174	12	address	address	VERB
blj-559	174	13	this	this	DET
blj-559	174	14	unique	unique	ADJ
blj-559	174	15	type	type	NOUN
blj-559	174	16	of	of	ADP
blj-559	174	17	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	174	18	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	174	19	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	174	20	use	use	VERB
blj-559	174	21	a	a	DET
blj-559	174	22	stiffer	stiff	ADJ
blj-559	174	23	sentence	sentence	NOUN
blj-559	174	24	to	to	PART
blj-559	174	25	dissuade	dissuade	VERB
blj-559	174	26	others	other	NOUN
blj-559	174	27	from	from	ADP
blj-559	174	28	engaging	engage	VERB
blj-559	174	29	in	in	ADP
blj-559	174	30	this	this	DET
blj-559	174	31	problematic	problematic	ADJ
blj-559	174	32	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	174	33	incredibly	incredibly	ADV
blj-559	174	34	impactful	impactful	ADJ
blj-559	174	35	criminal	criminal	NOUN
blj-559	174	36	behavior.112	behavior.112	PROPN
blj-559	174	37	the	the	DET
blj-559	174	38	penalty	penalty	NOUN
blj-559	174	39	enhancement	enhancement	NOUN
blj-559	174	40	model	model	NOUN
blj-559	174	41	is	be	AUX
blj-559	174	42	seen	see	VERB
blj-559	174	43	by	by	ADP
blj-559	174	44	some	some	PRON
blj-559	174	45	as	as	ADP
blj-559	174	46	a	a	DET
blj-559	174	47	violation	violation	NOUN
blj-559	174	48	of	of	ADP
blj-559	174	49	an	an	DET
blj-559	174	50	individual	individual	NOUN
blj-559	174	51	’s	’s	PART
blj-559	174	52	first	first	ADJ
blj-559	174	53	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	174	54	fourteenth	fourteenth	ADJ
blj-559	174	55	amendment	amendment	NOUN
blj-559	174	56	rights	right	NOUN
blj-559	174	57	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	175	1	however	however	ADV
blj-559	175	2	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	175	3	in	in	ADP
blj-559	175	4	the	the	DET
blj-559	175	5	decision	decision	NOUN
blj-559	175	6	of	of	ADP
blj-559	175	7	the	the	DET
blj-559	175	8	1993	1993	NUM
blj-559	175	9	case	case	NOUN
blj-559	175	10	wisconsin	wisconsin	PROPN
blj-559	175	11	v.	v.	PROPN
blj-559	175	12	mitchell	mitchell	PROPN
blj-559	175	13	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	175	14	the	the	DET
blj-559	175	15	penalty	penalty	NOUN
blj-559	175	16	enhancement	enhancement	NOUN
blj-559	175	17	model	model	NOUN
blj-559	175	18	was	be	AUX
blj-559	175	19	upheld	uphold	VERB
blj-559	175	20	as	as	ADP
blj-559	175	21	constitutional	constitutional	ADJ
blj-559	175	22	by	by	ADP
blj-559	175	23	the	the	DET
blj-559	175	24	supreme	supreme	PROPN
blj-559	175	25	court	court	PROPN
blj-559	175	26	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	176	1	in	in	ADP
blj-559	176	2	the	the	DET
blj-559	176	3	case	case	NOUN
blj-559	176	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	176	5	mitchell	mitchell	PROPN
blj-559	176	6	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	176	7	a	a	DET
blj-559	176	8	young	young	ADJ
blj-559	176	9	black	black	ADJ
blj-559	176	10	male	male	NOUN
blj-559	176	11	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	176	12	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	176	13	his	his	PRON
blj-559	176	14	friends	friend	NOUN
blj-559	176	15	were	be	AUX
blj-559	176	16	found	find	VERB
blj-559	176	17	guilty	guilty	ADJ
blj-559	176	18	of	of	ADP
blj-559	176	19	aggravated	aggravate	VERB
blj-559	176	20	assault	assault	NOUN
blj-559	176	21	after	after	ADP
blj-559	176	22	beating	beat	VERB
blj-559	176	23	a	a	DET
blj-559	176	24	white	white	ADJ
blj-559	176	25	male	male	NOUN
blj-559	176	26	on	on	ADP
blj-559	176	27	the	the	DET
blj-559	176	28	street	street	NOUN
blj-559	176	29	into	into	ADP
blj-559	176	30	a	a	DET
blj-559	176	31	coma	coma	NOUN
blj-559	176	32	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	177	1	the	the	DET
blj-559	177	2	facts	fact	NOUN
blj-559	177	3	of	of	ADP
blj-559	177	4	the	the	DET
blj-559	177	5	case	case	NOUN
blj-559	177	6	indicate	indicate	VERB
blj-559	177	7	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	177	8	mitchell	mitchell	PROPN
blj-559	177	9	intentionally	intentionally	ADV
blj-559	177	10	selected	select	VERB
blj-559	177	11	his	his	PRON
blj-559	177	12	victim	victim	NOUN
blj-559	177	13	due	due	ADP
blj-559	177	14	to	to	ADP
blj-559	177	15	his	his	PRON
blj-559	177	16	race	race	NOUN
blj-559	177	17	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	177	18	which	which	PRON
blj-559	177	19	caused	cause	VERB
blj-559	177	20	him	he	PRON
blj-559	177	21	to	to	PART
blj-559	177	22	receive	receive	VERB
blj-559	177	23	an	an	DET
blj-559	177	24	increased	increase	VERB
blj-559	177	25	sentence	sentence	NOUN
blj-559	177	26	due	due	ADP
blj-559	177	27	to	to	ADP
blj-559	177	28	wisconsin	wisconsin	PROPN
blj-559	177	29	provision	provision	NOUN
blj-559	177	30	section	section	NOUN
blj-559	177	31	939.645	939.645	NUM
blj-559	177	32	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	178	1	mitchell	mitchell	PROPN
blj-559	178	2	challenged	challenge	VERB
blj-559	178	3	the	the	DET
blj-559	178	4	constitutionality	constitutionality	NOUN
blj-559	178	5	of	of	ADP
blj-559	178	6	the	the	DET
blj-559	178	7	enhanced	enhanced	ADJ
blj-559	178	8	penalty	penalty	NOUN
blj-559	178	9	sentence	sentence	NOUN
blj-559	178	10	by	by	ADP
blj-559	178	11	claiming	claim	VERB
blj-559	178	12	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	178	13	it	it	PRON
blj-559	178	14	was	be	AUX
blj-559	178	15	a	a	DET
blj-559	178	16	violation	violation	NOUN
blj-559	178	17	of	of	ADP
blj-559	178	18	his	his	PRON
blj-559	178	19	first	first	ADJ
blj-559	178	20	amendment	amendment	NOUN
blj-559	178	21	rights	right	NOUN
blj-559	178	22	to	to	PART
blj-559	178	23	be	be	AUX
blj-559	178	24	sentenced	sentence	VERB
blj-559	178	25	more	more	ADV
blj-559	178	26	harshly	harshly	ADV
blj-559	178	27	due	due	ADJ
blj-559	178	28	to	to	ADP
blj-559	178	29	what	what	PRON
blj-559	178	30	the	the	DET
blj-559	178	31	legislature	legislature	NOUN
blj-559	178	32	considered	consider	VERB
blj-559	178	33	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	178	34	offensive	offensive	ADJ
blj-559	178	35	thought	thought	NOUN
blj-559	178	36	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	179	1	”113	”113	PUNCT
blj-559	180	1	he	he	PRON
blj-559	180	2	also	also	ADV
blj-559	180	3	claimed	claim	VERB
blj-559	180	4	it	it	PRON
blj-559	180	5	was	be	AUX
blj-559	180	6	a	a	DET
blj-559	180	7	violation	violation	NOUN
blj-559	180	8	of	of	ADP
blj-559	180	9	his	his	PRON
blj-559	180	10	fourteenth	fourteenth	ADJ
blj-559	180	11	amendment	amendment	NOUN
blj-559	180	12	rights	right	NOUN
blj-559	180	13	under	under	ADP
blj-559	180	14	the	the	DET
blj-559	180	15	equal	equal	ADJ
blj-559	180	16	protection	protection	NOUN
blj-559	180	17	clause.114	clause.114	NOUN
blj-559	181	1	the	the	DET
blj-559	181	2	court	court	NOUN
blj-559	181	3	disputed	dispute	VERB
blj-559	181	4	these	these	DET
blj-559	181	5	claims	claim	NOUN
blj-559	181	6	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	181	7	ruled	rule	VERB
blj-559	181	8	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	181	9	because	because	SCONJ
blj-559	181	10	it	it	PRON
blj-559	181	11	was	be	AUX
blj-559	181	12	not	not	PART
blj-559	181	13	mitchell	mitchell	PROPN
blj-559	181	14	’s	’s	PART
blj-559	181	15	thoughts	thought	NOUN
blj-559	181	16	that	that	PRON
blj-559	181	17	were	be	AUX
blj-559	181	18	being	be	AUX
blj-559	181	19	criminalized	criminalize	VERB
blj-559	181	20	but	but	CCONJ
blj-559	181	21	rather	rather	ADV
blj-559	181	22	his	his	PRON
blj-559	181	23	motive	motive	NOUN
blj-559	181	24	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	181	25	which	which	PRON
blj-559	181	26	were	be	AUX
blj-559	181	27	clearly	clearly	ADV
blj-559	181	28	displayed	display	VERB
blj-559	181	29	through	through	ADP
blj-559	181	30	his	his	PRON
blj-559	181	31	actions	action	NOUN
blj-559	181	32	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	181	33	the	the	DET
blj-559	181	34	enhanced	enhanced	ADJ
blj-559	181	35	110	110	NUM
blj-559	181	36	feinman	feinman	NOUN
blj-559	181	37	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	181	38	amy	amy	PROPN
blj-559	181	39	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	181	40	northeast	northeast	ADJ
blj-559	181	41	area	area	NOUN
blj-559	181	42	civil	civil	ADJ
blj-559	181	43	rights	right	NOUN
blj-559	181	44	counsel	counsel	NOUN
blj-559	181	45	at	at	ADP
blj-559	181	46	anti	anti	ADJ
blj-559	181	47	-	-	ADJ
blj-559	181	48	defamation	defamation	ADJ
blj-559	181	49	league	league	NOUN
blj-559	181	50	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	182	1	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	182	2	interview	interview	NOUN
blj-559	182	3	with	with	ADP
blj-559	182	4	jessica	jessica	PROPN
blj-559	182	5	daniel	daniel	PROPN
blj-559	182	6	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	182	7	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	183	1	april	april	PROPN
blj-559	183	2	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	183	3	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	184	1	111	111	NUM
blj-559	184	2	stacey	stacey	PROPN
blj-559	184	3	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	184	4	michele	michele	PROPN
blj-559	184	5	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	184	6	2015	2015	NUM
blj-559	184	7	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	185	1	"	"	PUNCT
blj-559	185	2	the	the	DET
blj-559	185	3	effect	effect	NOUN
blj-559	185	4	of	of	ADP
blj-559	185	5	law	law	NOUN
blj-559	185	6	on	on	ADP
blj-559	185	7	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	185	8	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	185	9	reporting	reporting	NOUN
blj-559	185	10	:	:	PUNCT
blj-559	185	11	the	the	DET
blj-559	185	12	case	case	NOUN
blj-559	185	13	of	of	ADP
blj-559	185	14	racial	racial	ADJ
blj-559	185	15	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	185	16	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
blj-559	185	17	violence	violence	NOUN
blj-559	185	18	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	185	19	"	"	PUNCT
blj-559	186	1	american	american	ADJ
blj-559	186	2	journal	journal	PROPN
blj-559	186	3	of	of	ADP
blj-559	186	4	criminal	criminal	ADJ
blj-559	186	5	justice	justice	NOUN
blj-559	186	6	:	:	PUNCT
blj-559	186	7	ajcj	ajcj	NOUN
blj-559	186	8	40	40	NUM
blj-559	186	9	(	(	PUNCT
blj-559	186	10	4	4	NUM
blj-559	186	11	)	)	PUNCT
blj-559	186	12	(	(	PUNCT
blj-559	186	13	12	12	NUM
blj-559	186	14	):	):	PUNCT
blj-559	186	15	876	876	NUM
blj-559	186	16	-	-	SYM
blj-559	186	17	900	900	NUM
blj-559	186	18	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	187	1	doi	doi	NOUN
blj-559	187	2	:	:	PUNCT
blj-559	187	3	http://dx.doi.org/10.1007	http://dx.doi.org/10.1007	ADJ
blj-559	187	4	/	/	SYM
blj-559	187	5	s12103	s12103	NOUN
blj-559	187	6	-	-	PUNCT
blj-559	187	7	015	015	NUM
blj-559	187	8	-	-	PUNCT
blj-559	187	9	9289	9289	NUM
blj-559	187	10	-	-	PUNCT
blj-559	187	11	3.;feinman	3.;feinman	PROPN
blj-559	187	12	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	187	13	amy	amy	PROPN
blj-559	187	14	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	187	15	northeast	northeast	ADJ
blj-559	187	16	area	area	NOUN
blj-559	187	17	civil	civil	ADJ
blj-559	187	18	rights	right	NOUN
blj-559	187	19	counsel	counsel	NOUN
blj-559	187	20	at	at	ADP
blj-559	187	21	anti	anti	ADJ
blj-559	187	22	-	-	ADJ
blj-559	187	23	defamation	defamation	ADJ
blj-559	187	24	league	league	NOUN
blj-559	187	25	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	188	1	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	188	2	interview	interview	NOUN
blj-559	188	3	with	with	ADP
blj-559	188	4	jessica	jessica	PROPN
blj-559	188	5	daniel	daniel	PROPN
blj-559	188	6	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	188	7	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	189	1	april	april	PROPN
blj-559	189	2	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	189	3	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	190	1	112	112	NUM
blj-559	190	2	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	190	3	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	190	4	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	190	5	laws	law	NOUN
blj-559	190	6	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	190	7	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	191	1	anti	anti	ADJ
blj-559	191	2	-	-	ADJ
blj-559	191	3	defamation	defamation	ADJ
blj-559	191	4	league	league	NOUN
blj-559	191	5	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	192	1	anti	anti	ADJ
blj-559	192	2	-	-	ADJ
blj-559	192	3	defamation	defamation	ADJ
blj-559	192	4	league	league	NOUN
blj-559	192	5	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	192	6	2012	2012	NUM
blj-559	192	7	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	193	1	https://	https://	PROPN
blj-559	193	2	www.adl.org/sites/default/files/documents/assets/pdf/combating-hate/hate-crimeslaw.pdf	www.adl.org/sites/default/files/documents/assets/pdf/combating-hate/hate-crimeslaw.pdf	PROPN
blj-559	193	3	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	193	4	113	113	NUM
blj-559	193	5	donna	donna	PROPN
blj-559	193	6	m.	m.	NOUN
blj-559	193	7	evans	evans	PROPN
blj-559	193	8	;	;	PUNCT
blj-559	193	9	colleen	colleen	PROPN
blj-559	193	10	b.	b.	PROPN
blj-559	193	11	mcelhaney	mcelhaney	PROPN
blj-559	193	12	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	193	13	"	"	PUNCT
blj-559	193	14	historical	historical	ADJ
blj-559	193	15	overview	overview	NOUN
blj-559	193	16	:	:	PUNCT
blj-559	193	17	massachusetts	massachusetts	PROPN
blj-559	193	18	court	court	PROPN
blj-559	193	19	decisions	decision	NOUN
blj-559	193	20	shaping	shape	VERB
blj-559	193	21	federal	federal	ADJ
blj-559	193	22	constitutional	constitutional	ADJ
blj-559	193	23	law	law	NOUN
blj-559	193	24	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	193	25	"	"	PUNCT
blj-559	193	26	boston	boston	PROPN
blj-559	193	27	bar	bar	PROPN
blj-559	193	28	journal	journal	NOUN
blj-559	193	29	44	44	NUM
blj-559	193	30	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	193	31	no	no	INTJ
blj-559	193	32	.	.	NOUN
blj-559	193	33	1	1	NUM
blj-559	193	34	(	(	PUNCT
blj-559	193	35	january	january	PROPN
blj-559	193	36	/	/	SYM
blj-559	193	37	february	february	PROPN
blj-559	193	38	2000	2000	NUM
blj-559	193	39	):	):	PUNCT
blj-559	193	40	20-[ii	20-[ii	PROPN
blj-559	193	41	]	]	X
blj-559	193	42	114	114	NUM
blj-559	193	43	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	193	44	wisconsin	wisconsin	PROPN
blj-559	193	45	v.	v.	PROPN
blj-559	193	46	mitchell	mitchell	PROPN
blj-559	193	47	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	193	48	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	194	1	legal	legal	ADJ
blj-559	194	2	information	information	NOUN
blj-559	194	3	institute	institute	PROPN
blj-559	194	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	195	1	cornell	cornell	PROPN
blj-559	195	2	law	law	PROPN
blj-559	195	3	school	school	NOUN
blj-559	195	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	196	1	accessed	access	VERB
blj-559	196	2	may	may	PROPN
blj-559	196	3	5	5	NUM
blj-559	196	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	196	5	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	196	6	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	197	1	https://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/92-515.zo.html	https://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/92-515.zo.html	X
blj-559	197	2	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	198	1	52	52	NUM
blj-559	198	2	brandeis	brandeis	PROPN
blj-559	198	3	university	university	PROPN
blj-559	198	4	law	law	PROPN
blj-559	198	5	journal	journal	NOUN
blj-559	198	6	fall	fall	VERB
blj-559	198	7	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	198	8	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	198	9	volume	volume	NOUN
blj-559	198	10	9	9	NUM
blj-559	198	11	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	198	12	issue	issue	NOUN
blj-559	198	13	1	1	NUM
blj-559	198	14	sentence	sentence	NOUN
blj-559	198	15	was	be	AUX
blj-559	198	16	constitutional	constitutional	ADJ
blj-559	198	17	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	198	18	justified	justify	VERB
blj-559	198	19	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	199	1	this	this	DET
blj-559	199	2	case	case	NOUN
blj-559	199	3	is	be	AUX
blj-559	199	4	noteworthy	noteworthy	ADJ
blj-559	199	5	because	because	SCONJ
blj-559	199	6	it	it	PRON
blj-559	199	7	justified	justify	VERB
blj-559	199	8	the	the	DET
blj-559	199	9	use	use	NOUN
blj-559	199	10	of	of	ADP
blj-559	199	11	penalty	penalty	NOUN
blj-559	199	12	enhancement	enhancement	NOUN
blj-559	199	13	sentencing	sentencing	NOUN
blj-559	199	14	models	model	NOUN
blj-559	199	15	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	199	16	recognized	recognize	VERB
blj-559	199	17	on	on	ADP
blj-559	199	18	a	a	DET
blj-559	199	19	national	national	ADJ
blj-559	199	20	level	level	NOUN
blj-559	199	21	the	the	DET
blj-559	199	22	consequences	consequence	NOUN
blj-559	199	23	of	of	ADP
blj-559	199	24	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	199	25	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	199	26	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	200	1	these	these	DET
blj-559	200	2	repercussions	repercussion	NOUN
blj-559	200	3	include	include	VERB
blj-559	200	4	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	200	5	provok[ing	provok[ing	NOUN
blj-559	200	6	]	]	PUNCT
blj-559	200	7	retaliatory	retaliatory	ADJ
blj-559	200	8	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	200	9	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	200	10	inflict[ing	inflict[ing	PROPN
blj-559	200	11	]	]	X
blj-559	200	12	distinct	distinct	ADJ
blj-559	200	13	emotional	emotional	ADJ
blj-559	200	14	harms	harm	NOUN
blj-559	200	15	on	on	ADP
blj-559	200	16	their	their	PRON
blj-559	200	17	victims	victim	NOUN
blj-559	200	18	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	200	19	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	200	20	incit[ing	incit[e	VERB
blj-559	200	21	]	]	PUNCT
blj-559	200	22	community	community	NOUN
blj-559	200	23	unrest.115	unrest.115	NOUN
blj-559	200	24	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	200	25	another	another	DET
blj-559	200	26	area	area	NOUN
blj-559	200	27	of	of	ADP
blj-559	200	28	difference	difference	NOUN
blj-559	200	29	is	be	AUX
blj-559	200	30	how	how	SCONJ
blj-559	200	31	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	200	32	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	200	33	are	be	AUX
blj-559	200	34	defined	define	VERB
blj-559	200	35	by	by	ADP
blj-559	200	36	each	each	DET
blj-559	200	37	state	state	NOUN
blj-559	200	38	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	200	39	or	or	CCONJ
blj-559	200	40	more	more	ADV
blj-559	200	41	specifically	specifically	ADV
blj-559	200	42	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	200	43	which	which	PRON
blj-559	200	44	identifying	identify	VERB
blj-559	200	45	categories	category	NOUN
blj-559	200	46	are	be	AUX
blj-559	200	47	considered	consider	VERB
blj-559	200	48	legally	legally	ADV
blj-559	200	49	protected	protect	VERB
blj-559	200	50	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	201	1	while	while	SCONJ
blj-559	201	2	federal	federal	ADJ
blj-559	201	3	law	law	NOUN
blj-559	201	4	classifies	classify	VERB
blj-559	201	5	a	a	DET
blj-559	201	6	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	201	7	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	201	8	as	as	ADP
blj-559	201	9	a	a	DET
blj-559	201	10	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	201	11	motivated	motivate	VERB
blj-559	201	12	by	by	ADP
blj-559	201	13	bias	bias	NOUN
blj-559	201	14	against	against	ADP
blj-559	201	15	race	race	NOUN
blj-559	201	16	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	201	17	color	color	NOUN
blj-559	201	18	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	201	19	religion	religion	NOUN
blj-559	201	20	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	201	21	national	national	ADJ
blj-559	201	22	origin	origin	NOUN
blj-559	201	23	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	201	24	sexual	sexual	ADJ
blj-559	201	25	orientation	orientation	NOUN
blj-559	201	26	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	201	27	gender	gender	NOUN
blj-559	201	28	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	201	29	gender	gender	NOUN
blj-559	201	30	identity	identity	NOUN
blj-559	201	31	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	201	32	or	or	CCONJ
blj-559	201	33	disability	disability	NOUN
blj-559	201	34	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	201	35	many	many	ADJ
blj-559	201	36	states	state	NOUN
blj-559	201	37	have	have	AUX
blj-559	201	38	politicized	politicize	VERB
blj-559	201	39	some	some	PRON
blj-559	201	40	of	of	ADP
blj-559	201	41	these	these	DET
blj-559	201	42	categories	category	NOUN
blj-559	201	43	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	201	44	resulting	result	VERB
blj-559	201	45	in	in	ADP
blj-559	201	46	sexual	sexual	ADJ
blj-559	201	47	orientation	orientation	NOUN
blj-559	201	48	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	201	49	gender	gender	NOUN
blj-559	201	50	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	201	51	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	201	52	gender	gender	NOUN
blj-559	201	53	identity	identity	NOUN
blj-559	201	54	being	be	AUX
blj-559	201	55	omitted	omit	VERB
blj-559	201	56	by	by	ADP
blj-559	201	57	some	some	DET
blj-559	201	58	states.116	states.116	NOUN
blj-559	201	59	according	accord	VERB
blj-559	201	60	to	to	ADP
blj-559	201	61	the	the	DET
blj-559	201	62	antidefamation	antidefamation	NOUN
blj-559	201	63	league	league	NOUN
blj-559	201	64	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	201	65	only	only	ADV
blj-559	201	66	twenty	twenty	NUM
blj-559	201	67	states	state	NOUN
blj-559	201	68	have	have	VERB
blj-559	201	69	statutes	statute	NOUN
blj-559	201	70	that	that	PRON
blj-559	201	71	do	do	AUX
blj-559	201	72	not	not	PART
blj-559	201	73	exclude	exclude	VERB
blj-559	201	74	federally	federally	ADV
blj-559	201	75	recognized	recognize	VERB
blj-559	201	76	populations	population	NOUN
blj-559	201	77	from	from	ADP
blj-559	201	78	receiving	receive	VERB
blj-559	201	79	legal	legal	ADJ
blj-559	201	80	protection.117	protection.117	VERB
blj-559	201	81	the	the	DET
blj-559	201	82	final	final	ADJ
blj-559	201	83	element	element	NOUN
blj-559	201	84	that	that	PRON
blj-559	201	85	distinguishes	distinguishes	AUX
blj-559	201	86	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	201	87	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	201	88	legislation	legislation	NOUN
blj-559	201	89	across	across	ADP
blj-559	201	90	various	various	ADJ
blj-559	201	91	states	state	NOUN
blj-559	201	92	is	be	AUX
blj-559	201	93	data	datum	NOUN
blj-559	201	94	reporting	reporting	NOUN
blj-559	201	95	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	202	1	because	because	SCONJ
blj-559	202	2	the	the	DET
blj-559	202	3	1990	1990	NUM
blj-559	202	4	federal	federal	ADJ
blj-559	202	5	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	202	6	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	202	7	statistics	statistic	NOUN
blj-559	202	8	act	act	PROPN
blj-559	202	9	requires	require	VERB
blj-559	202	10	data	datum	NOUN
blj-559	202	11	to	to	PART
blj-559	202	12	be	be	AUX
blj-559	202	13	collected	collect	VERB
blj-559	202	14	on	on	ADP
blj-559	202	15	a	a	DET
blj-559	202	16	voluntary	voluntary	ADJ
blj-559	202	17	basis	basis	NOUN
blj-559	202	18	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	202	19	there	there	PRON
blj-559	202	20	are	be	VERB
blj-559	202	21	many	many	ADJ
blj-559	202	22	problems	problem	NOUN
blj-559	202	23	that	that	PRON
blj-559	202	24	can	can	AUX
blj-559	202	25	arise	arise	VERB
blj-559	202	26	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	202	27	including	include	VERB
blj-559	202	28	the	the	DET
blj-559	202	29	fact	fact	NOUN
blj-559	202	30	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	202	31	not	not	PART
blj-559	202	32	all	all	DET
blj-559	202	33	states	state	NOUN
blj-559	202	34	collect	collect	VERB
blj-559	202	35	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	202	36	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	202	37	data	datum	NOUN
blj-559	202	38	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	203	1	according	accord	VERB
blj-559	203	2	to	to	ADP
blj-559	203	3	the	the	DET
blj-559	203	4	department	department	PROPN
blj-559	203	5	of	of	ADP
blj-559	203	6	justice	justice	NOUN
blj-559	203	7	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	203	8	only	only	ADV
blj-559	203	9	eighteen	eighteen	NUM
blj-559	203	10	american	american	ADJ
blj-559	203	11	states	state	NOUN
blj-559	203	12	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	203	13	territories	territory	NOUN
blj-559	203	14	have	have	VERB
blj-559	203	15	data	datum	NOUN
blj-559	203	16	reporting	report	VERB
blj-559	203	17	mandates.118	mandates.118	NOUN
blj-559	203	18	this	this	PRON
blj-559	203	19	can	can	AUX
blj-559	203	20	explain	explain	VERB
blj-559	203	21	why	why	SCONJ
blj-559	203	22	states	state	NOUN
blj-559	203	23	with	with	ADP
blj-559	203	24	prominent	prominent	ADJ
blj-559	203	25	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	203	26	groups	group	NOUN
blj-559	203	27	report	report	VERB
blj-559	203	28	such	such	ADJ
blj-559	203	29	low	low	ADJ
blj-559	203	30	numbers	number	NOUN
blj-559	203	31	of	of	ADP
blj-559	203	32	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	203	33	incidents	incident	NOUN
blj-559	203	34	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	204	1	for	for	ADP
blj-559	204	2	instance	instance	NOUN
blj-559	204	3	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	204	4	for	for	ADP
blj-559	204	5	the	the	DET
blj-559	204	6	past	past	ADJ
blj-559	204	7	two	two	NUM
blj-559	204	8	years	year	NOUN
blj-559	204	9	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	204	10	alabama	alabama	PROPN
blj-559	204	11	has	have	AUX
blj-559	204	12	reported	report	VERB
blj-559	204	13	to	to	ADP
blj-559	204	14	the	the	DET
blj-559	204	15	fbi	fbi	PROPN
blj-559	204	16	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	204	17	no	no	DET
blj-559	204	18	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	204	19	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	204	20	instances	instance	NOUN
blj-559	204	21	have	have	AUX
blj-559	204	22	occurred	occur	VERB
blj-559	204	23	within	within	ADP
blj-559	204	24	the	the	DET
blj-559	204	25	state	state	NOUN
blj-559	204	26	even	even	ADV
blj-559	204	27	though	though	SCONJ
blj-559	204	28	the	the	DET
blj-559	204	29	fbi	fbi	PROPN
blj-559	204	30	’s	’s	PART
blj-559	204	31	hate	hate	PROPN
blj-559	204	32	crime	crime	PROPN
blj-559	204	33	statistics	statistic	NOUN
blj-559	204	34	report	report	NOUN
blj-559	204	35	shows	show	VERB
blj-559	204	36	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	204	37	there	there	PRON
blj-559	204	38	was	be	VERB
blj-559	204	39	a	a	DET
blj-559	204	40	113	113	NUM
blj-559	204	41	percent	percent	NOUN
blj-559	204	42	increase	increase	NOUN
blj-559	204	43	in	in	ADP
blj-559	204	44	violent	violent	ADJ
blj-559	204	45	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	204	46	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	204	47	across	across	ADP
blj-559	204	48	the	the	DET
blj-559	204	49	country	country	NOUN
blj-559	204	50	in	in	ADP
blj-559	204	51	2019.119	2019.119	PROPN
blj-559	204	52	alabama	alabama	NOUN
blj-559	204	53	does	do	AUX
blj-559	204	54	not	not	PART
blj-559	204	55	have	have	VERB
blj-559	204	56	a	a	DET
blj-559	204	57	state	state	NOUN
blj-559	204	58	law	law	NOUN
blj-559	204	59	that	that	PRON
blj-559	204	60	mandates	mandate	NOUN
blj-559	204	61	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	204	62	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	204	63	data	datum	NOUN
blj-559	204	64	collection	collection	NOUN
blj-559	204	65	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	205	1	while	while	SCONJ
blj-559	205	2	it	it	PRON
blj-559	205	3	is	be	AUX
blj-559	205	4	very	very	ADV
blj-559	205	5	plausible	plausible	ADJ
blj-559	205	6	to	to	PART
blj-559	205	7	assume	assume	VERB
blj-559	205	8	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	205	9	unreported	unreported	ADJ
blj-559	205	10	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	205	11	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	205	12	have	have	VERB
blj-559	205	13	115	115	NUM
blj-559	205	14	amy	amy	PROPN
blj-559	205	15	feinman	feinman	NOUN
blj-559	205	16	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	205	17	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	205	18	marblehead	marblehead	NOUN
blj-559	205	19	police	police	NOUN
blj-559	205	20	training	training	NOUN
blj-559	205	21	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	205	22	(	(	PUNCT
blj-559	205	23	zoom	zoom	NOUN
blj-559	205	24	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	205	25	april	april	PROPN
blj-559	205	26	21	21	NUM
blj-559	205	27	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	205	28	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	205	29	)	)	PUNCT
blj-559	205	30	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	206	1	116	116	NUM
blj-559	206	2	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	206	3	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	206	4	statistics	statistic	NOUN
blj-559	206	5	(	(	PUNCT
blj-559	206	6	2019	2019	NUM
blj-559	206	7	)	)	PUNCT
blj-559	206	8	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	206	9	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	207	1	the	the	DET
blj-559	207	2	united	united	PROPN
blj-559	207	3	states	states	PROPN
blj-559	207	4	department	department	PROPN
blj-559	207	5	of	of	ADP
blj-559	207	6	justice	justice	PROPN
blj-559	207	7	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	208	1	u.s	u.s	PROPN
blj-559	208	2	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	208	3	department	department	PROPN
blj-559	208	4	of	of	ADP
blj-559	208	5	justice	justice	PROPN
blj-559	208	6	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	208	7	2019	2019	NUM
blj-559	208	8	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	209	1	https://www.justice.gov/hatecrimes/hate-crime-statistics	https://www.justice.gov/hatecrimes/hate-crime-statistic	NOUN
blj-559	209	2	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	210	1	117	117	NUM
blj-559	210	2	thebault	thebault	NOUN
blj-559	210	3	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	210	4	reis	reis	NOUN
blj-559	210	5	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	211	1	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	211	2	nearly	nearly	ADV
blj-559	211	3	every	every	DET
blj-559	211	4	state	state	NOUN
blj-559	211	5	has	have	VERB
blj-559	211	6	a	a	DET
blj-559	211	7	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	211	8	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	211	9	law	law	NOUN
blj-559	211	10	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	212	1	why	why	SCONJ
blj-559	212	2	do	do	AUX
blj-559	212	3	n't	not	PART
blj-559	212	4	more	more	ADJ
blj-559	212	5	people	people	NOUN
blj-559	212	6	use	use	VERB
blj-559	212	7	them	they	PRON
blj-559	212	8	?	?	PUNCT
blj-559	212	9	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	213	1	the	the	DET
blj-559	213	2	washington	washington	PROPN
blj-559	213	3	post	post	PROPN
blj-559	213	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	214	1	the	the	DET
blj-559	214	2	washington	washington	PROPN
blj-559	214	3	post	post	PROPN
blj-559	214	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	214	5	april	april	PROPN
blj-559	214	6	26	26	NUM
blj-559	214	7	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	214	8	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	214	9	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	215	1	https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2021/04/26/hate-crime-laws-explained/.	https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2021/04/26/hate-crime-laws-explained/.	PROPN
blj-559	215	2	118	118	NUM
blj-559	215	3	morava	morava	NOUN
blj-559	215	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	215	5	maria	maria	PROPN
blj-559	215	6	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	215	7	saba	saba	PROPN
blj-559	215	8	hamedy	hamedy	PROPN
blj-559	215	9	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	216	1	"	"	PUNCT
blj-559	216	2	49	49	NUM
blj-559	216	3	states	state	NOUN
blj-559	216	4	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	216	5	territories	territory	NOUN
blj-559	216	6	have	have	AUX
blj-559	216	7	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	216	8	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	216	9	laws	law	NOUN
blj-559	216	10	-	-	PUNCT
blj-559	216	11	but	but	CCONJ
blj-559	216	12	they	they	PRON
blj-559	216	13	vary	vary	VERB
blj-559	216	14	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	216	15	"	"	PUNCT
blj-559	217	1	cnn	cnn	PROPN
blj-559	217	2	wire	wire	PROPN
blj-559	217	3	service	service	PROPN
blj-559	217	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	217	5	mar	mar	PROPN
blj-559	217	6	17	17	NUM
blj-559	217	7	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	217	8	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	217	9	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	218	1	119	119	NUM
blj-559	218	2	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	218	3	alabama	alabama	NOUN
blj-559	218	4	only	only	ADV
blj-559	218	5	state	state	NOUN
blj-559	218	6	in	in	ADP
blj-559	218	7	u.s	u.s	PROPN
blj-559	218	8	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	218	9	to	to	PART
blj-559	218	10	report	report	VERB
blj-559	218	11	zero	zero	NUM
blj-559	218	12	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	218	13	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	218	14	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	218	15	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	219	1	adl	adl	PROPN
blj-559	219	2	atlanta	atlanta	PROPN
blj-559	219	3	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	220	1	antidefamation	antidefamation	PROPN
blj-559	220	2	league	league	PROPN
blj-559	220	3	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	220	4	november	november	PROPN
blj-559	220	5	16	16	NUM
blj-559	220	6	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	220	7	2020	2020	NUM
blj-559	220	8	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	221	1	https://atlanta.adl.org/news/alabama-only-statein-u-s-to-report-zero-hate-crimes/.	https://atlanta.adl.org/news/alabama-only-statein-u-s-to-report-zero-hate-crimes/.	NOUN
blj-559	221	2	53	53	NUM
blj-559	221	3	brandeis	brandeis	PROPN
blj-559	221	4	university	university	PROPN
blj-559	221	5	law	law	PROPN
blj-559	221	6	journal	journal	NOUN
blj-559	221	7	fall	fall	VERB
blj-559	221	8	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	221	9	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	221	10	volume	volume	NOUN
blj-559	221	11	9	9	NUM
blj-559	221	12	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	221	13	issue	issue	NOUN
blj-559	221	14	1	1	NUM
blj-559	221	15	occurred	occur	VERB
blj-559	221	16	in	in	ADP
blj-559	221	17	alabama	alabama	PROPN
blj-559	221	18	within	within	ADP
blj-559	221	19	the	the	DET
blj-559	221	20	past	past	ADJ
blj-559	221	21	few	few	ADJ
blj-559	221	22	years	year	NOUN
blj-559	221	23	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	221	24	due	due	ADP
blj-559	221	25	to	to	ADP
blj-559	221	26	the	the	DET
blj-559	221	27	lack	lack	NOUN
blj-559	221	28	of	of	ADP
blj-559	221	29	a	a	DET
blj-559	221	30	formal	formal	ADJ
blj-559	221	31	reporting	reporting	NOUN
blj-559	221	32	mechanism	mechanism	NOUN
blj-559	221	33	in	in	ADP
blj-559	221	34	place	place	NOUN
blj-559	221	35	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	221	36	it	it	PRON
blj-559	221	37	makes	make	VERB
blj-559	221	38	sense	sense	NOUN
blj-559	221	39	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	221	40	victims	victim	NOUN
blj-559	221	41	may	may	AUX
blj-559	221	42	be	be	AUX
blj-559	221	43	fearful	fearful	ADJ
blj-559	221	44	of	of	ADP
blj-559	221	45	coming	come	VERB
blj-559	221	46	forward	forward	ADV
blj-559	221	47	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	222	1	without	without	ADP
blj-559	222	2	universally	universally	ADV
blj-559	222	3	required	require	VERB
blj-559	222	4	data	datum	NOUN
blj-559	222	5	reporting	report	VERB
blj-559	222	6	laws	law	NOUN
blj-559	222	7	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	222	8	victimized	victimize	VERB
blj-559	222	9	populations	population	NOUN
blj-559	222	10	in	in	ADP
blj-559	222	11	states	state	NOUN
blj-559	222	12	without	without	ADP
blj-559	222	13	these	these	DET
blj-559	222	14	laws	law	NOUN
blj-559	222	15	do	do	AUX
blj-559	222	16	not	not	PART
blj-559	222	17	feel	feel	VERB
blj-559	222	18	as	as	SCONJ
blj-559	222	19	though	though	SCONJ
blj-559	222	20	they	they	PRON
blj-559	222	21	have	have	VERB
blj-559	222	22	support	support	NOUN
blj-559	222	23	from	from	ADP
blj-559	222	24	law	law	NOUN
blj-559	222	25	enforcement	enforcement	NOUN
blj-559	222	26	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	222	27	legislators	legislator	NOUN
blj-559	222	28	to	to	PART
blj-559	222	29	report	report	VERB
blj-559	222	30	incidents	incident	NOUN
blj-559	222	31	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	223	1	this	this	PRON
blj-559	223	2	further	far	ADV
blj-559	223	3	strains	strain	VERB
blj-559	223	4	the	the	DET
blj-559	223	5	relationship	relationship	NOUN
blj-559	223	6	between	between	ADP
blj-559	223	7	marginalized	marginalize	VERB
blj-559	223	8	populations	population	NOUN
blj-559	223	9	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	223	10	law	law	NOUN
blj-559	223	11	enforcement	enforcement	NOUN
blj-559	223	12	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	223	13	also	also	ADV
blj-559	223	14	affects	affect	VERB
blj-559	223	15	how	how	SCONJ
blj-559	223	16	much	much	ADJ
blj-559	223	17	funding	funding	NOUN
blj-559	223	18	for	for	ADP
blj-559	223	19	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	223	20	-	-	PUNCT
blj-559	223	21	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	223	22	related	relate	VERB
blj-559	223	23	training	training	NOUN
blj-559	223	24	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	223	25	data	datum	NOUN
blj-559	223	26	collection	collection	NOUN
blj-559	223	27	the	the	DET
blj-559	223	28	state	state	NOUN
blj-559	223	29	receives	receive	VERB
blj-559	223	30	from	from	ADP
blj-559	223	31	the	the	DET
blj-559	223	32	federal	federal	ADJ
blj-559	223	33	government	government	NOUN
blj-559	223	34	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	224	1	this	this	PRON
blj-559	224	2	also	also	ADV
blj-559	224	3	impacts	impact	VERB
blj-559	224	4	communities	community	NOUN
blj-559	224	5	within	within	ADP
blj-559	224	6	that	that	DET
blj-559	224	7	state	state	NOUN
blj-559	224	8	which	which	PRON
blj-559	224	9	are	be	AUX
blj-559	224	10	the	the	DET
blj-559	224	11	most	most	ADV
blj-559	224	12	targeted	target	VERB
blj-559	224	13	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	224	14	as	as	SCONJ
blj-559	224	15	an	an	DET
blj-559	224	16	inaccurate	inaccurate	ADJ
blj-559	224	17	data	datum	NOUN
blj-559	224	18	set	set	NOUN
blj-559	224	19	may	may	AUX
blj-559	224	20	mean	mean	VERB
blj-559	224	21	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	224	22	these	these	DET
blj-559	224	23	communities	community	NOUN
blj-559	224	24	receive	receive	VERB
blj-559	224	25	less	less	ADJ
blj-559	224	26	of	of	ADP
blj-559	224	27	the	the	DET
blj-559	224	28	resources	resource	NOUN
blj-559	224	29	that	that	PRON
blj-559	224	30	they	they	PRON
blj-559	224	31	need	need	VERB
blj-559	224	32	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	225	1	training	training	NOUN
blj-559	225	2	in	in	ADP
blj-559	225	3	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	225	4	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	225	5	education	education	NOUN
blj-559	225	6	is	be	AUX
blj-559	225	7	essential	essential	ADJ
blj-559	225	8	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	225	9	especially	especially	ADV
blj-559	225	10	for	for	ADP
blj-559	225	11	law	law	NOUN
blj-559	225	12	enforcement	enforcement	NOUN
blj-559	225	13	officers	officer	NOUN
blj-559	225	14	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	226	1	a	a	DET
blj-559	226	2	significant	significant	ADJ
blj-559	226	3	reason	reason	NOUN
blj-559	226	4	why	why	SCONJ
blj-559	226	5	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	226	6	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	226	7	may	may	AUX
blj-559	226	8	not	not	PART
blj-559	226	9	be	be	AUX
blj-559	226	10	formally	formally	ADV
blj-559	226	11	reported	report	VERB
blj-559	226	12	is	be	AUX
blj-559	226	13	because	because	SCONJ
blj-559	226	14	officers	officer	NOUN
blj-559	226	15	may	may	AUX
blj-559	226	16	not	not	PART
blj-559	226	17	recognize	recognize	VERB
blj-559	226	18	when	when	SCONJ
blj-559	226	19	they	they	PRON
blj-559	226	20	happen	happen	VERB
blj-559	226	21	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	227	1	only	only	ADV
blj-559	227	2	twelve	twelve	NUM
blj-559	227	3	states	state	NOUN
blj-559	227	4	require	require	VERB
blj-559	227	5	special	special	ADJ
blj-559	227	6	training	training	NOUN
blj-559	227	7	for	for	ADP
blj-559	227	8	law	law	NOUN
blj-559	227	9	enforcement	enforcement	NOUN
blj-559	227	10	officers	officer	NOUN
blj-559	227	11	so	so	SCONJ
blj-559	227	12	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	227	13	they	they	PRON
blj-559	227	14	can	can	AUX
blj-559	227	15	properly	properly	ADV
blj-559	227	16	identify	identify	VERB
blj-559	227	17	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	227	18	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	227	19	if	if	SCONJ
blj-559	227	20	they	they	PRON
blj-559	227	21	occur	occur	VERB
blj-559	227	22	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	227	23	which	which	PRON
blj-559	227	24	is	be	AUX
blj-559	227	25	an	an	DET
blj-559	227	26	alarming	alarming	ADJ
blj-559	227	27	statistic	statistic	NOUN
blj-559	227	28	given	give	VERB
blj-559	227	29	the	the	DET
blj-559	227	30	prevalence	prevalence	NOUN
blj-559	227	31	of	of	ADP
blj-559	227	32	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	227	33	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	227	34	in	in	ADP
blj-559	227	35	recent	recent	ADJ
blj-559	227	36	years.120	years.120	PROPN
blj-559	227	37	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
blj-559	227	38	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	227	39	due	due	ADP
blj-559	227	40	to	to	ADP
blj-559	227	41	the	the	DET
blj-559	227	42	fact	fact	NOUN
blj-559	227	43	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	227	44	agencies	agency	NOUN
blj-559	227	45	possess	possess	VERB
blj-559	227	46	varying	vary	VERB
blj-559	227	47	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
blj-559	227	48	about	about	ADP
blj-559	227	49	the	the	DET
blj-559	227	50	ways	way	NOUN
blj-559	227	51	that	that	PRON
blj-559	227	52	bias	bias	NOUN
blj-559	227	53	can	can	AUX
blj-559	227	54	motivate	motivate	VERB
blj-559	227	55	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	227	56	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	227	57	there	there	PRON
blj-559	227	58	are	be	VERB
blj-559	227	59	instances	instance	NOUN
blj-559	227	60	where	where	SCONJ
blj-559	227	61	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	227	62	is	be	AUX
blj-559	227	63	present	present	ADJ
blj-559	227	64	in	in	ADP
blj-559	227	65	a	a	DET
blj-559	227	66	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	227	67	in	in	ADP
blj-559	227	68	a	a	DET
blj-559	227	69	less	less	ADV
blj-559	227	70	glaring	glaring	ADJ
blj-559	227	71	manner	manner	NOUN
blj-559	227	72	that	that	PRON
blj-559	227	73	may	may	AUX
blj-559	227	74	be	be	AUX
blj-559	227	75	overlooked	overlook	VERB
blj-559	227	76	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	228	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
blj-559	228	2	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	228	3	some	some	DET
blj-559	228	4	manifestations	manifestation	NOUN
blj-559	228	5	of	of	ADP
blj-559	228	6	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	228	7	that	that	PRON
blj-559	228	8	occur	occur	VERB
blj-559	228	9	are	be	AUX
blj-559	228	10	not	not	PART
blj-559	228	11	considered	consider	VERB
blj-559	228	12	part	part	NOUN
blj-559	228	13	of	of	ADP
blj-559	228	14	a	a	DET
blj-559	228	15	state	state	NOUN
blj-559	228	16	’s	’s	PART
blj-559	228	17	official	official	ADJ
blj-559	228	18	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	228	19	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	228	20	reporting	reporting	NOUN
blj-559	228	21	data	datum	NOUN
blj-559	228	22	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	228	23	such	such	ADJ
blj-559	228	24	as	as	ADP
blj-559	228	25	bullying	bully	VERB
blj-559	228	26	in	in	ADP
blj-559	228	27	schools	school	NOUN
blj-559	228	28	where	where	SCONJ
blj-559	228	29	a	a	DET
blj-559	228	30	slur	slur	NOUN
blj-559	228	31	or	or	CCONJ
blj-559	228	32	symbol	symbol	NOUN
blj-559	228	33	is	be	AUX
blj-559	228	34	used	use	VERB
blj-559	228	35	to	to	PART
blj-559	228	36	intimidate	intimidate	VERB
blj-559	228	37	another	another	DET
blj-559	228	38	student.121	student.121	NOUN
blj-559	228	39	therefore	therefore	ADV
blj-559	228	40	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	228	41	it	it	PRON
blj-559	228	42	makes	make	VERB
blj-559	228	43	sense	sense	NOUN
blj-559	228	44	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	228	45	over	over	ADP
blj-559	228	46	half	half	NOUN
blj-559	228	47	of	of	ADP
blj-559	228	48	the	the	DET
blj-559	228	49	estimated	estimate	VERB
blj-559	228	50	250,000	250,000	NUM
blj-559	228	51	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	228	52	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	228	53	that	that	PRON
blj-559	228	54	occurred	occur	VERB
blj-559	228	55	annually	annually	ADV
blj-559	228	56	between	between	ADP
blj-559	228	57	2005	2005	NUM
blj-559	228	58	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	228	59	2014	2014	NUM
blj-559	228	60	around	around	ADP
blj-559	228	61	the	the	DET
blj-559	228	62	country	country	NOUN
blj-559	228	63	were	be	AUX
blj-559	228	64	not	not	PART
blj-559	228	65	formally	formally	ADV
blj-559	228	66	reported	report	VERB
blj-559	228	67	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	228	68	as	as	SCONJ
blj-559	228	69	there	there	PRON
blj-559	228	70	are	be	VERB
blj-559	228	71	many	many	ADJ
blj-559	228	72	reasons	reason	NOUN
blj-559	228	73	that	that	PRON
blj-559	228	74	a	a	DET
blj-559	228	75	victim	victim	NOUN
blj-559	228	76	may	may	AUX
blj-559	228	77	be	be	AUX
blj-559	228	78	dissuaded	dissuade	VERB
blj-559	228	79	from	from	ADP
blj-559	228	80	coming	come	VERB
blj-559	228	81	forward	forward	ADV
blj-559	228	82	(	(	PUNCT
blj-559	228	83	including	include	VERB
blj-559	228	84	the	the	DET
blj-559	228	85	fear	fear	NOUN
blj-559	228	86	of	of	ADP
blj-559	228	87	retaliation	retaliation	NOUN
blj-559	228	88	from	from	ADP
blj-559	228	89	the	the	DET
blj-559	228	90	perpetrator).122	perpetrator).122	PROPN
blj-559	228	91	it	it	PRON
blj-559	228	92	is	be	AUX
blj-559	228	93	very	very	ADV
blj-559	228	94	problematic	problematic	ADJ
blj-559	228	95	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	228	96	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	228	97	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	228	98	statistics	statistic	NOUN
blj-559	228	99	are	be	AUX
blj-559	228	100	inaccurate	inaccurate	ADJ
blj-559	228	101	120	120	NUM
blj-559	228	102	shattuck	shattuck	NOUN
blj-559	228	103	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	228	104	john	john	PROPN
blj-559	228	105	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	228	106	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	228	107	mathias	mathias	PROPN
blj-559	228	108	risse	risse	PROPN
blj-559	228	109	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	229	1	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	229	2	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	229	3	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	229	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	229	5	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	230	1	carr	carr	PROPN
blj-559	230	2	center	center	PROPN
blj-559	230	3	for	for	ADP
blj-559	230	4	human	human	ADJ
blj-559	230	5	rights	right	NOUN
blj-559	230	6	policy	policy	NOUN
blj-559	230	7	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	230	8	february	february	PROPN
blj-559	230	9	22	22	NUM
blj-559	230	10	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	230	11	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	230	12	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	230	13	1–13	1–13	NOUN
blj-559	230	14	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	231	1	https://carrcenter.hks.harvard.edu/files/cchr/files/hate_crimes.pdf	https://carrcenter.hks.harvard.edu/files/cchr/files/hate_crimes.pdf	PROPN
blj-559	231	2	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	231	3	121	121	NUM
blj-559	231	4	ross	ross	PROPN
blj-559	231	5	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	231	6	janell	janell	INTJ
blj-559	231	7	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	232	1	why	why	SCONJ
blj-559	232	2	americans	american	NOUN
blj-559	232	3	ca	can	AUX
blj-559	232	4	n’t	not	PART
blj-559	232	5	agree	agree	VERB
blj-559	232	6	on	on	ADP
blj-559	232	7	which	which	PRON
blj-559	232	8	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	232	9	are	be	AUX
blj-559	232	10	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	232	11	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	232	12	:	:	PUNCT
blj-559	232	13	what	what	PRON
blj-559	232	14	an	an	DET
blj-559	232	15	image	image	NOUN
blj-559	232	16	about	about	ADP
blj-559	232	17	the	the	DET
blj-559	232	18	care	care	NOUN
blj-559	232	19	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	232	20	pace	pace	NOUN
blj-559	232	21	of	of	ADP
blj-559	232	22	investigating	investigate	VERB
blj-559	232	23	a	a	DET
blj-559	232	24	white	white	ADJ
blj-559	232	25	baton	baton	NOUN
blj-559	232	26	rouge	rouge	NOUN
blj-559	232	27	man	man	NOUN
blj-559	232	28	possibly	possibly	ADV
blj-559	232	29	involved	involve	VERB
blj-559	232	30	in	in	ADP
blj-559	232	31	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	232	32	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	232	33	tells	tell	VERB
blj-559	232	34	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	232	35	conceals	conceal	NOUN
blj-559	232	36	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	233	1	washington	washington	PROPN
blj-559	233	2	:	:	PUNCT
blj-559	233	3	wp	wp	PROPN
blj-559	233	4	company	company	NOUN
blj-559	233	5	llc	llc	PROPN
blj-559	233	6	d	d	PROPN
blj-559	233	7	/	/	SYM
blj-559	233	8	b	b	PROPN
blj-559	233	9	/	/	SYM
blj-559	233	10	a	a	PRON
blj-559	233	11	the	the	DET
blj-559	233	12	washington	washington	PROPN
blj-559	233	13	post	post	NOUN
blj-559	233	14	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	233	15	2017	2017	NUM
blj-559	233	16	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	234	1	122	122	NUM
blj-559	234	2	ross	ross	PROPN
blj-559	234	3	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	234	4	janell	janell	INTJ
blj-559	234	5	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	235	1	why	why	SCONJ
blj-559	235	2	americans	american	NOUN
blj-559	235	3	ca	can	AUX
blj-559	235	4	n’t	not	PART
blj-559	235	5	agree	agree	VERB
blj-559	235	6	on	on	ADP
blj-559	235	7	which	which	PRON
blj-559	235	8	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	235	9	are	be	AUX
blj-559	235	10	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	235	11	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	235	12	:	:	PUNCT
blj-559	235	13	what	what	PRON
blj-559	235	14	an	an	DET
blj-559	235	15	image	image	NOUN
blj-559	235	16	about	about	ADP
blj-559	235	17	the	the	DET
blj-559	235	18	care	care	NOUN
blj-559	235	19	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	235	20	pace	pace	NOUN
blj-559	235	21	of	of	ADP
blj-559	235	22	investigating	investigate	VERB
blj-559	235	23	a	a	DET
blj-559	235	24	white	white	ADJ
blj-559	235	25	baton	baton	NOUN
blj-559	235	26	rouge	rouge	NOUN
blj-559	235	27	man	man	NOUN
blj-559	235	28	possibly	possibly	ADV
blj-559	235	29	involved	involve	VERB
blj-559	235	30	in	in	ADP
blj-559	235	31	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	235	32	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	235	33	tells	tell	VERB
blj-559	235	34	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	235	35	conceals	conceal	NOUN
blj-559	235	36	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	236	1	washington	washington	PROPN
blj-559	236	2	:	:	PUNCT
blj-559	236	3	wp	wp	PROPN
blj-559	236	4	company	company	NOUN
blj-559	236	5	llc	llc	PROPN
blj-559	236	6	d	d	PROPN
blj-559	236	7	/	/	SYM
blj-559	236	8	b	b	PROPN
blj-559	236	9	/	/	SYM
blj-559	236	10	a	a	DET
blj-559	236	11	the	the	DET
blj-559	236	12	54	54	NUM
blj-559	236	13	brandeis	brandeis	PROPN
blj-559	236	14	university	university	PROPN
blj-559	236	15	law	law	PROPN
blj-559	236	16	journal	journal	NOUN
blj-559	236	17	fall	fall	VERB
blj-559	236	18	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	236	19	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	236	20	volume	volume	NOUN
blj-559	236	21	9	9	NUM
blj-559	236	22	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	236	23	issue	issue	NOUN
blj-559	236	24	1	1	NUM
blj-559	236	25	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	236	26	appear	appear	VERB
blj-559	236	27	to	to	PART
blj-559	236	28	be	be	AUX
blj-559	236	29	lower	low	ADJ
blj-559	236	30	than	than	ADP
blj-559	236	31	the	the	DET
blj-559	236	32	actual	actual	ADJ
blj-559	236	33	instance	instance	NOUN
blj-559	236	34	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	236	35	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	236	36	prevents	prevent	VERB
blj-559	236	37	the	the	DET
blj-559	236	38	well	well	ADV
blj-559	236	39	-	-	PUNCT
blj-559	236	40	being	being	NOUN
blj-559	236	41	of	of	ADP
blj-559	236	42	victimized	victimize	VERB
blj-559	236	43	groups	group	NOUN
blj-559	236	44	from	from	ADP
blj-559	236	45	becoming	become	VERB
blj-559	236	46	a	a	DET
blj-559	236	47	national	national	ADJ
blj-559	236	48	priority	priority	NOUN
blj-559	236	49	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	237	1	case	case	NOUN
blj-559	237	2	studies	study	NOUN
blj-559	237	3	:	:	PUNCT
blj-559	237	4	massachusetts	massachusetts	PROPN
blj-559	237	5	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	237	6	pennsylvania	pennsylvania	PROPN
blj-559	237	7	in	in	ADP
blj-559	237	8	order	order	NOUN
blj-559	237	9	to	to	PART
blj-559	237	10	better	well	ADV
blj-559	237	11	understand	understand	VERB
blj-559	237	12	the	the	DET
blj-559	237	13	extent	extent	NOUN
blj-559	237	14	to	to	PART
blj-559	237	15	which	which	PRON
blj-559	237	16	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	237	17	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	237	18	legislation	legislation	NOUN
blj-559	237	19	varies	vary	VERB
blj-559	237	20	in	in	ADP
blj-559	237	21	terms	term	NOUN
blj-559	237	22	of	of	ADP
blj-559	237	23	structure	structure	NOUN
blj-559	237	24	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	237	25	implementation	implementation	NOUN
blj-559	237	26	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	237	27	the	the	DET
blj-559	237	28	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	237	29	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	237	30	laws	law	NOUN
blj-559	237	31	of	of	ADP
blj-559	237	32	massachusetts	massachusetts	PROPN
blj-559	237	33	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	237	34	pennsylvania	pennsylvania	PROPN
blj-559	237	35	will	will	AUX
blj-559	237	36	be	be	AUX
blj-559	237	37	analyzed	analyze	VERB
blj-559	237	38	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	238	1	these	these	DET
blj-559	238	2	two	two	NUM
blj-559	238	3	states	state	NOUN
blj-559	238	4	were	be	AUX
blj-559	238	5	selected	select	VERB
blj-559	238	6	because	because	SCONJ
blj-559	238	7	it	it	PRON
blj-559	238	8	is	be	AUX
blj-559	238	9	interesting	interesting	ADJ
blj-559	238	10	to	to	PART
blj-559	238	11	assess	assess	VERB
blj-559	238	12	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	238	13	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	238	14	laws	law	NOUN
blj-559	238	15	of	of	ADP
blj-559	238	16	two	two	NUM
blj-559	238	17	states	state	NOUN
blj-559	238	18	within	within	ADP
blj-559	238	19	the	the	DET
blj-559	238	20	same	same	ADJ
blj-559	238	21	geographic	geographic	ADJ
blj-559	238	22	region	region	NOUN
blj-559	238	23	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	238	24	but	but	CCONJ
blj-559	238	25	with	with	ADP
blj-559	238	26	divergent	divergent	ADJ
blj-559	238	27	political	political	ADJ
blj-559	238	28	leanings	leaning	NOUN
blj-559	238	29	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	239	1	the	the	DET
blj-559	239	2	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
blj-559	239	3	of	of	ADP
blj-559	239	4	laws	law	NOUN
blj-559	239	5	from	from	ADP
blj-559	239	6	each	each	DET
blj-559	239	7	state	state	NOUN
blj-559	239	8	detailed	detail	VERB
blj-559	239	9	below	below	ADV
blj-559	239	10	will	will	AUX
blj-559	239	11	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
blj-559	239	12	how	how	SCONJ
blj-559	239	13	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	239	14	why	why	SCONJ
blj-559	239	15	legal	legal	ADJ
blj-559	239	16	responses	response	NOUN
blj-559	239	17	toward	toward	ADP
blj-559	239	18	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	239	19	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	239	20	are	be	AUX
blj-559	239	21	so	so	ADV
blj-559	239	22	separate	separate	ADJ
blj-559	239	23	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	239	24	dissimilar	dissimilar	ADJ
blj-559	239	25	on	on	ADP
blj-559	239	26	a	a	DET
blj-559	239	27	state	state	NOUN
blj-559	239	28	by	by	ADP
blj-559	239	29	state	state	NOUN
blj-559	239	30	basis	basis	NOUN
blj-559	239	31	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	240	1	i	i	PRON
blj-559	240	2	also	also	ADV
blj-559	240	3	will	will	AUX
blj-559	240	4	explore	explore	VERB
blj-559	240	5	how	how	SCONJ
blj-559	240	6	arguments	argument	NOUN
blj-559	240	7	against	against	ADP
blj-559	240	8	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	240	9	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	240	10	statutes	statute	NOUN
blj-559	240	11	have	have	AUX
blj-559	240	12	informed	inform	VERB
blj-559	240	13	the	the	DET
blj-559	240	14	creation	creation	NOUN
blj-559	240	15	of	of	ADP
blj-559	240	16	legislation	legislation	NOUN
blj-559	240	17	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	241	1	in	in	ADP
blj-559	241	2	massachusetts	massachusetts	PROPN
blj-559	241	3	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	241	4	there	there	PRON
blj-559	241	5	were	be	VERB
blj-559	241	6	388	388	NUM
blj-559	241	7	total	total	ADJ
blj-559	241	8	incidents	incident	NOUN
blj-559	241	9	of	of	ADP
blj-559	241	10	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	241	11	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	241	12	reported	report	VERB
blj-559	241	13	in	in	ADP
blj-559	241	14	2019	2019	NUM
blj-559	241	15	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	242	1	the	the	DET
blj-559	242	2	three	three	NUM
blj-559	242	3	highest	high	ADJ
blj-559	242	4	categories	category	NOUN
blj-559	242	5	of	of	ADP
blj-559	242	6	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	242	7	committed	commit	VERB
blj-559	242	8	include	include	VERB
blj-559	242	9	:	:	PUNCT
blj-559	242	10	race	race	NOUN
blj-559	242	11	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	242	12	ethnicity	ethnicity	NOUN
blj-559	242	13	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	242	14	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	242	15	ancestry	ancestry	NOUN
blj-559	242	16	(	(	PUNCT
blj-559	242	17	213	213	NUM
blj-559	242	18	)	)	PUNCT
blj-559	242	19	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	242	20	religion	religion	NOUN
blj-559	242	21	(	(	PUNCT
blj-559	242	22	10	10	NUM
blj-559	242	23	)	)	PUNCT
blj-559	242	24	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	242	25	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	242	26	sexual	sexual	ADJ
blj-559	242	27	orientation	orientation	NOUN
blj-559	242	28	(	(	PUNCT
blj-559	242	29	92).123	92).123	PROPN
blj-559	242	30	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	242	31	massachusetts	massachusetts	PROPN
blj-559	242	32	uses	use	VERB
blj-559	242	33	a	a	DET
blj-559	242	34	penalty	penalty	NOUN
blj-559	242	35	enhancement	enhancement	NOUN
blj-559	242	36	sentencing	sentencing	NOUN
blj-559	242	37	model	model	NOUN
blj-559	242	38	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	242	39	defines	define	NOUN
blj-559	242	40	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	242	41	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	242	42	officially	officially	ADV
blj-559	242	43	through	through	ADP
blj-559	242	44	mass	mass	PROPN
blj-559	242	45	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	243	1	gen	gen	PROPN
blj-559	243	2	laws	law	NOUN
blj-559	243	3	ch	ch	PROPN
blj-559	243	4	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	243	5	22c	22c	NOUN
blj-559	243	6	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	243	7	section	section	NOUN
blj-559	243	8	32	32	NUM
blj-559	243	9	as	as	ADP
blj-559	243	10	any	any	DET
blj-559	243	11	criminal	criminal	ADJ
blj-559	243	12	act	act	NOUN
blj-559	243	13	that	that	PRON
blj-559	243	14	is	be	AUX
blj-559	243	15	committed	commit	VERB
blj-559	243	16	with	with	ADP
blj-559	243	17	biased	biased	ADJ
blj-559	243	18	intentions	intention	NOUN
blj-559	243	19	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	244	1	this	this	PRON
blj-559	244	2	means	mean	VERB
blj-559	244	3	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	244	4	any	any	DET
blj-559	244	5	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	244	6	in	in	ADP
blj-559	244	7	which	which	PRON
blj-559	244	8	a	a	DET
blj-559	244	9	victim	victim	NOUN
blj-559	244	10	or	or	CCONJ
blj-559	244	11	property	property	NOUN
blj-559	244	12	is	be	AUX
blj-559	244	13	intentionally	intentionally	ADV
blj-559	244	14	selected	select	VERB
blj-559	244	15	due	due	ADP
blj-559	244	16	to	to	ADP
blj-559	244	17	their	their	PRON
blj-559	244	18	racial	racial	ADJ
blj-559	244	19	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	244	20	religious	religious	ADJ
blj-559	244	21	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	244	22	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
blj-559	244	23	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	244	24	disability	disability	NOUN
blj-559	244	25	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	244	26	gender	gender	NOUN
blj-559	244	27	identity	identity	NOUN
blj-559	244	28	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	244	29	or	or	CCONJ
blj-559	244	30	sexual	sexual	ADJ
blj-559	244	31	orientation	orientation	NOUN
blj-559	244	32	is	be	AUX
blj-559	244	33	legally	legally	ADV
blj-559	244	34	classified	classify	VERB
blj-559	244	35	as	as	ADP
blj-559	244	36	a	a	DET
blj-559	244	37	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	244	38	crime.124	crime.124	NOUN
blj-559	244	39	the	the	DET
blj-559	244	40	commonwealth	commonwealth	NOUN
blj-559	244	41	requires	require	VERB
blj-559	244	42	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	244	43	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	244	44	data	datum	NOUN
blj-559	244	45	to	to	PART
blj-559	244	46	be	be	AUX
blj-559	244	47	collected	collect	VERB
blj-559	244	48	through	through	ADP
blj-559	244	49	mass	mass	PROPN
blj-559	244	50	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	245	1	gen	gen	PROPN
blj-559	245	2	laws	law	NOUN
blj-559	245	3	ch	ch	PROPN
blj-559	245	4	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	245	5	22c	22c	NOUN
blj-559	245	6	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	245	7	sections	section	NOUN
blj-559	245	8	33	33	NUM
blj-559	245	9	-	-	SYM
blj-559	245	10	35	35	NUM
blj-559	245	11	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	245	12	made	make	VERB
blj-559	245	13	available	available	ADJ
blj-559	245	14	to	to	ADP
blj-559	245	15	all	all	DET
blj-559	245	16	law	law	NOUN
blj-559	245	17	enforcement	enforcement	NOUN
blj-559	245	18	agencies	agency	NOUN
blj-559	245	19	within	within	ADP
blj-559	245	20	the	the	DET
blj-559	245	21	state.125	state.125	NOUN
blj-559	245	22	through	through	ADP
blj-559	245	23	mass	mass	PROPN
blj-559	245	24	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	246	1	gen	gen	PROPN
blj-559	246	2	law	law	NOUN
blj-559	246	3	ch	ch	PROPN
blj-559	246	4	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	246	5	266	266	NUM
blj-559	246	6	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	246	7	section	section	NOUN
blj-559	246	8	127a	127a	NUM
blj-559	247	1	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	247	2	it	it	PRON
blj-559	247	3	is	be	AUX
blj-559	247	4	a	a	DET
blj-559	247	5	felony	felony	NOUN
blj-559	247	6	to	to	PART
blj-559	247	7	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	247	8	destroy	destroy	VERB
blj-559	247	9	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	247	10	deface	deface	NOUN
blj-559	247	11	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	247	12	mar	mar	PROPN
blj-559	247	13	or	or	CCONJ
blj-559	247	14	injure	injure	VERB
blj-559	247	15	a	a	DET
blj-559	247	16	church	church	NOUN
blj-559	247	17	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	247	18	synagogue	synagogue	NOUN
blj-559	247	19	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	247	20	or	or	CCONJ
blj-559	247	21	other	other	ADJ
blj-559	247	22	structure	structure	NOUN
blj-559	247	23	[	[	X
blj-559	247	24	...	...	PUNCT
blj-559	247	25	]	]	PUNCT
blj-559	247	26	or	or	CCONJ
blj-559	247	27	threaten	threaten	VERB
blj-559	247	28	to	to	PART
blj-559	247	29	do	do	VERB
blj-559	247	30	so	so	ADV
blj-559	247	31	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	247	32	”126	”126	NOUN
blj-559	248	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
blj-559	248	2	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	248	3	massachusetts	massachusetts	PROPN
blj-559	248	4	is	be	AUX
blj-559	248	5	one	one	NUM
blj-559	248	6	of	of	ADP
blj-559	248	7	only	only	ADV
blj-559	248	8	twelve	twelve	NUM
blj-559	248	9	states	state	NOUN
blj-559	248	10	to	to	PART
blj-559	248	11	require	require	VERB
blj-559	248	12	washington	washington	PROPN
blj-559	248	13	post	post	PROPN
blj-559	248	14	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	248	15	2017	2017	NUM
blj-559	248	16	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	249	1	123	123	NUM
blj-559	249	2	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	249	3	state	state	NOUN
blj-559	249	4	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	249	5	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	249	6	statutes	statute	NOUN
blj-559	249	7	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	249	8	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	250	1	brennan	brennan	PROPN
blj-559	250	2	center	center	PROPN
blj-559	250	3	for	for	ADP
blj-559	250	4	justice	justice	NOUN
blj-559	250	5	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	251	1	brennan	brennan	PROPN
blj-559	251	2	center	center	PROPN
blj-559	251	3	for	for	ADP
blj-559	251	4	justice	justice	NOUN
blj-559	251	5	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	251	6	july	july	PROPN
blj-559	251	7	2	2	NUM
blj-559	251	8	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	251	9	2020	2020	NUM
blj-559	251	10	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	252	1	https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/research-reports/state-hate-crimesstatutes	https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/research-reports/state-hate-crimesstatute	NOUN
blj-559	252	2	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	253	1	;	;	PUNCT
blj-559	253	2	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	253	3	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	253	4	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	253	5	statistics	statistic	NOUN
blj-559	253	6	(	(	PUNCT
blj-559	253	7	2019	2019	NUM
blj-559	253	8	)	)	PUNCT
blj-559	253	9	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	253	10	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	254	1	the	the	DET
blj-559	254	2	united	united	PROPN
blj-559	254	3	states	states	PROPN
blj-559	254	4	department	department	PROPN
blj-559	254	5	of	of	ADP
blj-559	254	6	justice	justice	PROPN
blj-559	254	7	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	255	1	u.s	u.s	PROPN
blj-559	255	2	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	255	3	department	department	PROPN
blj-559	255	4	of	of	ADP
blj-559	255	5	justice	justice	PROPN
blj-559	255	6	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	255	7	2019	2019	NUM
blj-559	255	8	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	256	1	https://www.justice.gov/hatecrimes/hate-crime-statistics	https://www.justice.gov/hatecrimes/hate-crime-statistic	NOUN
blj-559	256	2	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	257	1	124	124	NUM
blj-559	257	2	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	257	3	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	257	4	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	257	5	law	law	NOUN
blj-559	257	6	in	in	ADP
blj-559	257	7	massachusetts	massachusetts	PROPN
blj-559	257	8	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	257	9	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	258	1	mass.gov	mass.gov	PROPN
blj-559	258	2	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	259	1	commonwealth	commonwealth	PROPN
blj-559	259	2	of	of	ADP
blj-559	259	3	massachusetts	massachusetts	PROPN
blj-559	259	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	260	1	accessed	access	VERB
blj-559	260	2	may	may	PROPN
blj-559	260	3	7	7	NUM
blj-559	260	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	260	5	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	260	6	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	261	1	https://blog.mass.gov/masslawlib/legal-topics/hate-crime-law-inmassachusetts/.	https://blog.mass.gov/masslawlib/legal-topics/hate-crime-law-inmassachusetts/.	PRON
blj-559	261	2	125	125	NUM
blj-559	261	3	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	261	4	state	state	NOUN
blj-559	261	5	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	261	6	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	261	7	statutes	statute	NOUN
blj-559	261	8	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	261	9	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	262	1	brennan	brennan	PROPN
blj-559	262	2	center	center	PROPN
blj-559	262	3	for	for	ADP
blj-559	262	4	justice	justice	NOUN
blj-559	262	5	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	263	1	brennan	brennan	PROPN
blj-559	263	2	center	center	PROPN
blj-559	263	3	for	for	ADP
blj-559	263	4	justice	justice	NOUN
blj-559	263	5	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	263	6	july	july	PROPN
blj-559	263	7	2	2	NUM
blj-559	263	8	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	263	9	2020	2020	NUM
blj-559	263	10	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	264	1	https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/research-reports/state-hate-crimesstatutes	https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/research-reports/state-hate-crimesstatute	NOUN
blj-559	264	2	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	265	1	126	126	NUM
blj-559	265	2	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	265	3	state	state	NOUN
blj-559	265	4	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	265	5	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	265	6	statutes	statute	NOUN
blj-559	265	7	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	265	8	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	266	1	brennan	brennan	PROPN
blj-559	266	2	center	center	PROPN
blj-559	266	3	for	for	ADP
blj-559	266	4	justice	justice	NOUN
blj-559	266	5	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	267	1	brennan	brennan	PROPN
blj-559	267	2	center	center	PROPN
blj-559	267	3	for	for	ADP
blj-559	267	4	justice	justice	NOUN
blj-559	267	5	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	267	6	july	july	PROPN
blj-559	267	7	2	2	NUM
blj-559	267	8	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	267	9	2020	2020	NUM
blj-559	267	10	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	268	1	https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/research-reports/state-hate-crimes55	https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/research-reports/state-hate-crimes55	PROPN
blj-559	268	2	brandeis	brandeis	PROPN
blj-559	268	3	university	university	PROPN
blj-559	268	4	law	law	PROPN
blj-559	268	5	journal	journal	NOUN
blj-559	268	6	fall	fall	VERB
blj-559	268	7	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	268	8	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	268	9	volume	volume	NOUN
blj-559	268	10	9	9	NUM
blj-559	268	11	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	268	12	issue	issue	NOUN
blj-559	268	13	1	1	NUM
blj-559	268	14	law	law	NOUN
blj-559	268	15	enforcement	enforcement	NOUN
blj-559	268	16	officers	officer	NOUN
blj-559	268	17	to	to	PART
blj-559	268	18	receive	receive	VERB
blj-559	268	19	training	training	NOUN
blj-559	268	20	through	through	ADP
blj-559	268	21	mass	mass	PROPN
blj-559	268	22	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	269	1	gen	gen	PROPN
blj-559	269	2	laws	law	NOUN
blj-559	269	3	ch	ch	PROPN
blj-559	269	4	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	269	5	6	6	NUM
blj-559	269	6	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	269	7	section	section	NOUN
blj-559	269	8	116b	116b	NUM
blj-559	269	9	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	269	10	which	which	PRON
blj-559	269	11	could	could	AUX
blj-559	269	12	be	be	AUX
blj-559	269	13	an	an	DET
blj-559	269	14	indication	indication	NOUN
blj-559	269	15	of	of	ADP
blj-559	269	16	why	why	SCONJ
blj-559	269	17	massachusetts	massachusetts	PROPN
blj-559	269	18	hate	hate	PROPN
blj-559	269	19	crime	crime	PROPN
blj-559	269	20	statistics	statistic	NOUN
blj-559	269	21	appear	appear	VERB
blj-559	269	22	much	much	ADV
blj-559	269	23	higher	high	ADJ
blj-559	269	24	than	than	ADP
blj-559	269	25	alabama	alabama	PROPN
blj-559	269	26	’s	’s	PROPN
blj-559	269	27	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	269	28	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	269	29	other	other	ADJ
blj-559	269	30	states	state	NOUN
blj-559	269	31	with	with	ADP
blj-559	269	32	a	a	DET
blj-559	269	33	significant	significant	ADJ
blj-559	269	34	history	history	NOUN
blj-559	269	35	of	of	ADP
blj-559	269	36	intolerance	intolerance	NOUN
blj-559	269	37	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	269	38	racism	racism	NOUN
blj-559	269	39	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	270	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
blj-559	270	2	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	270	3	massachusetts	massachusetts	PROPN
blj-559	270	4	treats	treat	NOUN
blj-559	270	5	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	270	6	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	270	7	as	as	ADP
blj-559	270	8	a	a	DET
blj-559	270	9	separate	separate	ADJ
blj-559	270	10	criminal	criminal	ADJ
blj-559	270	11	violation	violation	NOUN
blj-559	270	12	through	through	ADP
blj-559	270	13	mass	mass	PROPN
blj-559	270	14	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	271	1	gen	gen	PROPN
blj-559	271	2	laws	law	NOUN
blj-559	271	3	ch	ch	PROPN
blj-559	271	4	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	271	5	265	265	NUM
blj-559	271	6	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	271	7	section	section	NOUN
blj-559	271	8	39	39	NUM
blj-559	271	9	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	271	10	which	which	PRON
blj-559	271	11	states	state	VERB
blj-559	271	12	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	271	13	it	it	PRON
blj-559	271	14	is	be	AUX
blj-559	271	15	illegal	illegal	ADJ
blj-559	271	16	to	to	PART
blj-559	271	17	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	271	18	commit	commit	VERB
blj-559	271	19	assault	assault	NOUN
blj-559	271	20	or	or	CCONJ
blj-559	271	21	battery	battery	NOUN
blj-559	271	22	upon	upon	SCONJ
blj-559	271	23	a	a	DET
blj-559	271	24	person	person	NOUN
blj-559	271	25	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	271	26	or	or	CCONJ
blj-559	271	27	damage	damage	VERB
blj-559	271	28	the	the	DET
blj-559	271	29	real	real	ADJ
blj-559	271	30	or	or	CCONJ
blj-559	271	31	personal	personal	ADJ
blj-559	271	32	property	property	NOUN
blj-559	271	33	of	of	ADP
blj-559	271	34	a	a	DET
blj-559	271	35	person	person	NOUN
blj-559	271	36	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	271	37	with	with	ADP
blj-559	271	38	the	the	DET
blj-559	271	39	intent	intent	NOUN
blj-559	271	40	to	to	PART
blj-559	271	41	intimidate	intimidate	VERB
blj-559	271	42	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	271	43	due	due	ADP
blj-559	271	44	to	to	ADP
blj-559	271	45	any	any	PRON
blj-559	271	46	of	of	ADP
blj-559	271	47	the	the	DET
blj-559	271	48	state	state	NOUN
blj-559	271	49	’s	’s	PART
blj-559	271	50	listed	list	VERB
blj-559	271	51	protected	protect	VERB
blj-559	271	52	categories.127	categories.127	NOUN
blj-559	271	53	currently	currently	ADV
blj-559	271	54	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	271	55	there	there	PRON
blj-559	271	56	is	be	VERB
blj-559	271	57	a	a	DET
blj-559	271	58	new	new	ADJ
blj-559	271	59	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	271	60	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	271	61	bill	bill	NOUN
blj-559	271	62	being	be	AUX
blj-559	271	63	discussed	discuss	VERB
blj-559	271	64	that	that	PRON
blj-559	271	65	would	would	AUX
blj-559	271	66	amend	amend	VERB
blj-559	271	67	section	section	NOUN
blj-559	271	68	39	39	NUM
blj-559	271	69	to	to	PART
blj-559	271	70	provide	provide	VERB
blj-559	271	71	clear	clear	ADJ
blj-559	271	72	explanations	explanation	NOUN
blj-559	271	73	of	of	ADP
blj-559	271	74	each	each	DET
blj-559	271	75	element	element	NOUN
blj-559	271	76	of	of	ADP
blj-559	271	77	the	the	DET
blj-559	271	78	existing	exist	VERB
blj-559	271	79	legislation	legislation	NOUN
blj-559	271	80	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	271	81	expand	expand	VERB
blj-559	271	82	protected	protect	VERB
blj-559	271	83	categories	category	NOUN
blj-559	271	84	to	to	PART
blj-559	271	85	include	include	VERB
blj-559	271	86	gender	gender	NOUN
blj-559	271	87	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	271	88	immigration	immigration	NOUN
blj-559	271	89	status	status	NOUN
blj-559	271	90	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	272	1	it	it	PRON
blj-559	272	2	would	would	AUX
blj-559	272	3	also	also	ADV
blj-559	272	4	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	272	5	combine	combine	VERB
blj-559	272	6	civil	civil	ADJ
blj-559	272	7	rights	right	NOUN
blj-559	272	8	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	272	9	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	272	10	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	272	11	statutes	statute	NOUN
blj-559	272	12	into	into	ADP
blj-559	272	13	one	one	NUM
blj-559	272	14	section	section	NOUN
blj-559	272	15	of	of	ADP
blj-559	272	16	law	law	NOUN
blj-559	272	17	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	272	18	[	[	X
blj-559	272	19	...	...	X
blj-559	272	20	]	]	X
blj-559	272	21	impose	impose	VERB
blj-559	272	22	stricter	strict	ADJ
blj-559	272	23	maximum	maximum	ADJ
blj-559	272	24	sentences	sentence	NOUN
blj-559	272	25	on	on	ADP
blj-559	272	26	serious	serious	ADJ
blj-559	272	27	offenses	offense	NOUN
blj-559	272	28	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	272	29	strengthen	strengthen	VERB
blj-559	272	30	penalties	penalty	NOUN
blj-559	272	31	for	for	ADP
blj-559	272	32	repeat	repeat	NOUN
blj-559	272	33	offenders	offender	NOUN
blj-559	272	34	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	272	35	”128	”128	PUNCT
blj-559	273	1	while	while	SCONJ
blj-559	273	2	stressing	stress	VERB
blj-559	273	3	the	the	DET
blj-559	273	4	need	need	NOUN
blj-559	273	5	for	for	ADP
blj-559	273	6	a	a	DET
blj-559	273	7	new	new	ADJ
blj-559	273	8	bill	bill	NOUN
blj-559	273	9	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	273	10	attempting	attempt	VERB
blj-559	273	11	to	to	PART
blj-559	273	12	gain	gain	VERB
blj-559	273	13	support	support	NOUN
blj-559	273	14	for	for	ADP
blj-559	273	15	it	it	PRON
blj-559	273	16	from	from	ADP
blj-559	273	17	colleagues	colleague	NOUN
blj-559	273	18	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	273	19	constituents	constituent	NOUN
blj-559	273	20	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	273	21	representative	representative	ADJ
blj-559	273	22	tram	tram	PROPN
blj-559	273	23	nugueyen	nugueyen	VERB
blj-559	273	24	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	273	25	one	one	NUM
blj-559	273	26	of	of	ADP
blj-559	273	27	the	the	DET
blj-559	273	28	new	new	ADJ
blj-559	273	29	proposed	propose	VERB
blj-559	273	30	bill	bill	NOUN
blj-559	273	31	’s	’s	PART
blj-559	273	32	lead	lead	PROPN
blj-559	273	33	authors	author	NOUN
blj-559	273	34	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	273	35	is	be	AUX
blj-559	273	36	quoted	quote	VERB
blj-559	273	37	as	as	ADP
blj-559	273	38	saying	say	VERB
blj-559	273	39	:	:	PUNCT
blj-559	273	40	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	273	41	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	273	42	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	273	43	are	be	AUX
blj-559	273	44	not	not	PART
blj-559	273	45	just	just	ADV
blj-559	273	46	against	against	ADP
blj-559	273	47	individuals	individual	NOUN
blj-559	273	48	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	274	1	these	these	DET
blj-559	274	2	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	274	3	are	be	AUX
blj-559	274	4	meant	mean	VERB
blj-559	274	5	to	to	PART
blj-559	274	6	terrorize	terrorize	VERB
blj-559	274	7	entire	entire	ADJ
blj-559	274	8	communities	community	NOUN
blj-559	274	9	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	275	1	these	these	PRON
blj-559	275	2	are	be	AUX
blj-559	275	3	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	275	4	against	against	ADP
blj-559	275	5	all	all	PRON
blj-559	275	6	of	of	ADP
blj-559	275	7	us	we	PRON
blj-559	276	1	[	[	X
blj-559	276	2	...	...	X
blj-559	276	3	]	]	X
blj-559	276	4	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	276	5	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	276	6	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	276	7	much	much	ADV
blj-559	276	8	like	like	ADP
blj-559	276	9	terrorism	terrorism	NOUN
blj-559	276	10	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	276	11	are	be	AUX
blj-559	276	12	designed	design	VERB
blj-559	276	13	to	to	PART
blj-559	276	14	create	create	VERB
blj-559	276	15	fear	fear	NOUN
blj-559	276	16	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	276	17	make	make	VERB
blj-559	276	18	people	people	NOUN
blj-559	276	19	feel	feel	VERB
blj-559	276	20	unsafe	unsafe	ADJ
blj-559	276	21	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	277	1	we	we	PRON
blj-559	277	2	need	need	VERB
blj-559	277	3	to	to	PART
blj-559	277	4	name	name	VERB
blj-559	277	5	them	they	PRON
blj-559	277	6	for	for	ADP
blj-559	277	7	what	what	PRON
blj-559	277	8	they	they	PRON
blj-559	277	9	are	be	AUX
blj-559	277	10	—	—	PUNCT
blj-559	277	11	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	277	12	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	277	13	—	—	PUNCT
blj-559	277	14	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	277	15	prosecute	prosecute	VERB
blj-559	277	16	them	they	PRON
blj-559	277	17	to	to	ADP
blj-559	277	18	an	an	DET
blj-559	277	19	added	add	VERB
blj-559	277	20	degree	degree	NOUN
blj-559	277	21	to	to	PART
blj-559	277	22	tell	tell	VERB
blj-559	277	23	the	the	DET
blj-559	277	24	community	community	NOUN
blj-559	277	25	that	that	PRON
blj-559	277	26	we	we	PRON
blj-559	277	27	see	see	VERB
blj-559	277	28	them	they	PRON
blj-559	277	29	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	277	30	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	277	31	they	they	PRON
blj-559	277	32	are	be	AUX
blj-559	277	33	valued	value	VERB
blj-559	277	34	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	277	35	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	277	36	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	277	37	we	we	PRON
blj-559	277	38	wo	will	AUX
blj-559	277	39	n’t	not	PART
blj-559	277	40	tolerate	tolerate	VERB
blj-559	277	41	such	such	ADJ
blj-559	277	42	violence	violence	NOUN
blj-559	277	43	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	277	44	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	277	45	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	277	46	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	278	1	129	129	NUM
blj-559	278	2	statutes	statute	NOUN
blj-559	278	3	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	279	1	127	127	NUM
blj-559	279	2	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	279	3	section	section	NOUN
blj-559	279	4	39	39	NUM
blj-559	279	5	:	:	PUNCT
blj-559	279	6	assault	assault	NOUN
blj-559	279	7	or	or	CCONJ
blj-559	279	8	battery	battery	NOUN
blj-559	279	9	for	for	ADP
blj-559	279	10	purpose	purpose	NOUN
blj-559	279	11	of	of	ADP
blj-559	279	12	intimidation	intimidation	NOUN
blj-559	279	13	;	;	PUNCT
blj-559	279	14	weapons	weapon	NOUN
blj-559	279	15	;	;	PUNCT
blj-559	279	16	punishment	punishment	NOUN
blj-559	279	17	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	279	18	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	280	1	the	the	DET
blj-559	280	2	192nd	192nd	PROPN
blj-559	280	3	general	general	ADJ
blj-559	280	4	court	court	NOUN
blj-559	280	5	of	of	ADP
blj-559	280	6	the	the	DET
blj-559	280	7	commonwealth	commonwealth	PROPN
blj-559	280	8	of	of	ADP
blj-559	280	9	massachusetts	massachusetts	PROPN
blj-559	280	10	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	281	1	mass.gov	mass.gov	PROPN
blj-559	281	2	.	.	NOUN
blj-559	281	3	accessed	access	VERB
blj-559	281	4	may	may	PROPN
blj-559	281	5	7	7	NUM
blj-559	281	6	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	281	7	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	281	8	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	282	1	https://malegislature.gov/laws/generallaws/partiv/titlei/chapter265/	https://malegislature.gov/laws/generallaws/partiv/titlei/chapter265/	ADV
blj-559	282	2	section39#:~:text=(a)%20whoever%20commits%20an%20assault	section39#:~:text=(a)%20whoever%20commits%20an%20assault	NOUN
blj-559	282	3	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	282	4	of%20not%20more	of%20not%20more	ADP
blj-559	282	5	%	%	NOUN
blj-559	282	6	20than%20five	20than%20five	NUM
blj-559	282	7	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	283	1	128	128	NUM
blj-559	283	2	lisinski	lisinski	NOUN
blj-559	283	3	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	283	4	chris	chris	PROPN
blj-559	283	5	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	284	1	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	284	2	massachusetts	massachusetts	PROPN
blj-559	284	3	attorney	attorney	PROPN
blj-559	284	4	general	general	PROPN
blj-559	284	5	maura	maura	PROPN
blj-559	284	6	healey	healey	PROPN
blj-559	284	7	:	:	PUNCT
blj-559	284	8	times	time	NOUN
blj-559	284	9	call	call	VERB
blj-559	284	10	for	for	ADP
blj-559	284	11	overhaul	overhaul	NOUN
blj-559	284	12	of	of	ADP
blj-559	284	13	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	284	14	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	284	15	laws	law	NOUN
blj-559	284	16	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	284	17	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	285	1	the	the	DET
blj-559	285	2	lowell	lowell	PROPN
blj-559	285	3	sun	sun	PROPN
blj-559	285	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	285	5	march	march	PROPN
blj-559	285	6	31	31	NUM
blj-559	285	7	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	285	8	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	285	9	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	286	1	https://www.lowellsun.com/2021/03/31/healey-times-call-for-overhaul-of-hate-crime-laws/.	https://www.lowellsun.com/2021/03/31/healey-times-call-for-overhaul-of-hate-crime-laws/.	PRON
blj-559	286	2	129	129	NUM
blj-559	286	3	lisinski	lisinski	NOUN
blj-559	286	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	286	5	chris	chris	PROPN
blj-559	286	6	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	287	1	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	287	2	massachusetts	massachusetts	PROPN
blj-559	287	3	attorney	attorney	PROPN
blj-559	287	4	general	general	PROPN
blj-559	287	5	maura	maura	PROPN
blj-559	287	6	healey	healey	PROPN
blj-559	287	7	:	:	PUNCT
blj-559	287	8	times	time	NOUN
blj-559	287	9	call	call	VERB
blj-559	287	10	for	for	ADP
blj-559	287	11	overhaul	overhaul	NOUN
blj-559	287	12	of	of	ADP
blj-559	287	13	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	287	14	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	287	15	laws	law	NOUN
blj-559	287	16	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	287	17	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	288	1	the	the	DET
blj-559	288	2	lowell	lowell	PROPN
blj-559	288	3	sun	sun	PROPN
blj-559	288	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	288	5	march	march	PROPN
blj-559	288	6	31	31	NUM
blj-559	288	7	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	288	8	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	288	9	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	289	1	https://www.lowellsun.com/2021/03/31/healey-times-call-for-overhaul-of-hate-crime-laws/.	https://www.lowellsun.com/2021/03/31/healey-times-call-for-overhaul-of-hate-crime-laws/.	PRON
blj-559	289	2	56	56	NUM
blj-559	289	3	brandeis	brandeis	PROPN
blj-559	289	4	university	university	PROPN
blj-559	289	5	law	law	PROPN
blj-559	289	6	journal	journal	NOUN
blj-559	289	7	fall	fall	VERB
blj-559	289	8	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	289	9	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	289	10	volume	volume	NOUN
blj-559	289	11	9	9	NUM
blj-559	289	12	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	289	13	issue	issue	NOUN
blj-559	289	14	1	1	NUM
blj-559	289	15	representative	representative	NOUN
blj-559	289	16	nuguyen	nuguyen	NOUN
blj-559	289	17	’s	’s	PART
blj-559	289	18	statement	statement	NOUN
blj-559	289	19	epitomizes	epitomize	VERB
blj-559	289	20	why	why	SCONJ
blj-559	289	21	it	it	PRON
blj-559	289	22	is	be	AUX
blj-559	289	23	essential	essential	ADJ
blj-559	289	24	for	for	ADP
blj-559	289	25	massachusetts	massachusetts	PROPN
blj-559	289	26	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	289	27	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	289	28	all	all	DET
blj-559	289	29	states	state	NOUN
blj-559	289	30	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	289	31	to	to	PART
blj-559	289	32	implement	implement	VERB
blj-559	289	33	stronger	strong	ADJ
blj-559	289	34	legislation	legislation	NOUN
blj-559	289	35	in	in	ADP
blj-559	289	36	response	response	NOUN
blj-559	289	37	to	to	ADP
blj-559	289	38	the	the	DET
blj-559	289	39	rise	rise	NOUN
blj-559	289	40	in	in	ADP
blj-559	289	41	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	289	42	witnessed	witness	VERB
blj-559	289	43	around	around	ADP
blj-559	289	44	the	the	DET
blj-559	289	45	country	country	NOUN
blj-559	289	46	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	290	1	while	while	SCONJ
blj-559	290	2	massachusetts	massachusetts	PROPN
blj-559	290	3	is	be	AUX
blj-559	290	4	actively	actively	ADV
blj-559	290	5	working	work	VERB
blj-559	290	6	on	on	ADP
blj-559	290	7	eradicating	eradicate	VERB
blj-559	290	8	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	290	9	by	by	ADP
blj-559	290	10	considering	consider	VERB
blj-559	290	11	newer	new	ADJ
blj-559	290	12	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	290	13	more	more	ADV
blj-559	290	14	updated	update	VERB
blj-559	290	15	legislation	legislation	NOUN
blj-559	290	16	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	290	17	pennsylvania	pennsylvania	PROPN
blj-559	290	18	has	have	AUX
blj-559	290	19	had	have	VERB
blj-559	290	20	the	the	DET
blj-559	290	21	same	same	ADJ
blj-559	290	22	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	290	23	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	290	24	laws	law	NOUN
blj-559	290	25	with	with	ADP
blj-559	290	26	little	little	ADJ
blj-559	290	27	modification	modification	NOUN
blj-559	290	28	since	since	SCONJ
blj-559	290	29	1982	1982	NUM
blj-559	290	30	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	291	1	although	although	SCONJ
blj-559	291	2	there	there	PRON
blj-559	291	3	has	have	AUX
blj-559	291	4	recently	recently	ADV
blj-559	291	5	been	be	AUX
blj-559	291	6	discussion	discussion	NOUN
blj-559	291	7	on	on	ADP
blj-559	291	8	the	the	DET
blj-559	291	9	local	local	ADJ
blj-559	291	10	level	level	NOUN
blj-559	291	11	to	to	PART
blj-559	291	12	expand	expand	VERB
blj-559	291	13	protected	protected	ADJ
blj-559	291	14	categories	category	NOUN
blj-559	291	15	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	291	16	progress	progress	NOUN
blj-559	291	17	has	have	AUX
blj-559	291	18	not	not	PART
blj-559	291	19	yet	yet	ADV
blj-559	291	20	been	be	AUX
blj-559	291	21	achieved	achieve	VERB
blj-559	291	22	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	292	1	in	in	ADP
blj-559	292	2	its	its	PRON
blj-559	292	3	laws	law	NOUN
blj-559	292	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	292	5	pennsylvania	pennsylvania	PROPN
blj-559	292	6	does	do	AUX
blj-559	292	7	not	not	PART
blj-559	292	8	explicitly	explicitly	ADV
blj-559	292	9	use	use	VERB
blj-559	292	10	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	292	11	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	292	12	as	as	ADP
blj-559	292	13	a	a	DET
blj-559	292	14	legal	legal	ADJ
blj-559	292	15	term	term	NOUN
blj-559	292	16	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	292	17	but	but	CCONJ
blj-559	292	18	rather	rather	ADV
blj-559	292	19	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	292	20	classifies	classify	VERB
blj-559	292	21	it	it	PRON
blj-559	292	22	as	as	ADP
blj-559	292	23	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
blj-559	292	24	intimidation	intimidation	NOUN
blj-559	292	25	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	293	1	pennsylvania	pennsylvania	PROPN
blj-559	293	2	’s	’s	PART
blj-559	293	3	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
blj-559	293	4	intimidation	intimidation	NOUN
blj-559	293	5	law	law	NOUN
blj-559	293	6	(	(	PUNCT
blj-559	293	7	18	18	NUM
blj-559	293	8	p.s	p.s	NOUN
blj-559	293	9	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	293	10	section	section	PROPN
blj-559	293	11	2710	2710	NUM
blj-559	293	12	)	)	PUNCT
blj-559	293	13	defines	define	VERB
blj-559	293	14	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
blj-559	293	15	intimidation	intimidation	NOUN
blj-559	293	16	by	by	ADP
blj-559	293	17	stating	state	VERB
blj-559	293	18	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	293	19	it	it	PRON
blj-559	293	20	is	be	AUX
blj-559	293	21	illegal	illegal	ADJ
blj-559	293	22	for	for	SCONJ
blj-559	293	23	an	an	DET
blj-559	293	24	individual	individual	NOUN
blj-559	293	25	to	to	PART
blj-559	293	26	commit	commit	VERB
blj-559	293	27	certain	certain	ADJ
blj-559	293	28	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	293	29	with	with	ADP
blj-559	293	30	motivation	motivation	NOUN
blj-559	293	31	either	either	CCONJ
blj-559	293	32	partly	partly	ADV
blj-559	293	33	or	or	CCONJ
blj-559	293	34	in	in	ADP
blj-559	293	35	whole	whole	ADJ
blj-559	293	36	rooted	root	VERB
blj-559	293	37	in	in	ADP
blj-559	293	38	hatred	hatred	NOUN
blj-559	293	39	toward	toward	ADP
blj-559	293	40	the	the	DET
blj-559	293	41	race	race	NOUN
blj-559	293	42	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	293	43	color	color	NOUN
blj-559	293	44	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	293	45	religion	religion	NOUN
blj-559	293	46	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	293	47	or	or	CCONJ
blj-559	293	48	national	national	ADJ
blj-559	293	49	origin	origin	NOUN
blj-559	293	50	of	of	ADP
blj-559	293	51	another	another	DET
blj-559	293	52	person	person	NOUN
blj-559	293	53	or	or	CCONJ
blj-559	293	54	group.130	group.130	NOUN
blj-559	293	55	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
blj-559	293	56	intimidation	intimidation	NOUN
blj-559	293	57	is	be	AUX
blj-559	293	58	usually	usually	ADV
blj-559	293	59	considered	consider	VERB
blj-559	293	60	to	to	PART
blj-559	293	61	be	be	AUX
blj-559	293	62	a	a	DET
blj-559	293	63	separate	separate	ADJ
blj-559	293	64	offense	offense	NOUN
blj-559	293	65	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	293	66	but	but	CCONJ
blj-559	293	67	can	can	AUX
blj-559	293	68	be	be	AUX
blj-559	293	69	charged	charge	VERB
blj-559	293	70	if	if	SCONJ
blj-559	293	71	one	one	NUM
blj-559	293	72	of	of	ADP
blj-559	293	73	the	the	DET
blj-559	293	74	following	follow	VERB
blj-559	293	75	charges	charge	NOUN
blj-559	293	76	also	also	ADV
blj-559	293	77	occur	occur	VERB
blj-559	293	78	:	:	PUNCT
blj-559	293	79	criminal	criminal	ADJ
blj-559	293	80	mischief	mischief	NOUN
blj-559	293	81	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	293	82	assault	assault	NOUN
blj-559	293	83	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	293	84	harassment	harassment	NOUN
blj-559	293	85	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	293	86	threats	threat	NOUN
blj-559	293	87	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	293	88	stalking	stalk	VERB
blj-559	293	89	or	or	CCONJ
blj-559	293	90	homicide.131	homicide.131	PROPN
blj-559	293	91	related	relate	VERB
blj-559	293	92	is	be	AUX
blj-559	293	93	the	the	DET
blj-559	293	94	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	293	95	code	code	NOUN
blj-559	293	96	(	(	PUNCT
blj-559	293	97	18	18	NUM
blj-559	293	98	p.s	p.s	NOUN
blj-559	293	99	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	293	100	section	section	PROPN
blj-559	293	101	3307	3307	NUM
blj-559	293	102	)	)	PUNCT
blj-559	293	103	which	which	PRON
blj-559	293	104	makes	make	VERB
blj-559	293	105	it	it	PRON
blj-559	293	106	a	a	DET
blj-559	293	107	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	293	108	to	to	PART
blj-559	293	109	knowingly	knowingly	ADV
blj-559	293	110	deface	deface	VERB
blj-559	293	111	a	a	DET
blj-559	293	112	religious	religious	ADJ
blj-559	293	113	facility.132	facility.132	NOUN
blj-559	293	114	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
blj-559	293	115	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	293	116	pennsylvania	pennsylvania	PROPN
blj-559	293	117	mandates	mandate	VERB
blj-559	293	118	data	datum	NOUN
blj-559	293	119	collection	collection	NOUN
blj-559	293	120	for	for	ADP
blj-559	293	121	all	all	DET
blj-559	293	122	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	293	123	through	through	ADP
blj-559	293	124	its	its	PRON
blj-559	293	125	code	code	NOUN
blj-559	293	126	(	(	PUNCT
blj-559	293	127	pa	pa	PROPN
blj-559	293	128	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	294	1	adm	adm	PROPN
blj-559	294	2	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	294	3	code	code	PROPN
blj-559	294	4	section	section	NOUN
blj-559	294	5	710	710	NUM
blj-559	294	6	)	)	PUNCT
blj-559	294	7	regarding	regard	VERB
blj-559	294	8	state	state	NOUN
blj-559	294	9	police	police	NOUN
blj-559	294	10	responsibilities	responsibility	NOUN
blj-559	294	11	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	294	12	so	so	ADV
blj-559	294	13	technically	technically	ADV
blj-559	294	14	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	294	15	even	even	ADV
blj-559	294	16	though	though	SCONJ
blj-559	294	17	it	it	PRON
blj-559	294	18	is	be	AUX
blj-559	294	19	not	not	PART
blj-559	294	20	explicitly	explicitly	ADV
blj-559	294	21	mentioned	mention	VERB
blj-559	294	22	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	294	23	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	294	24	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	294	25	data	datum	NOUN
blj-559	294	26	collection	collection	NOUN
blj-559	294	27	is	be	AUX
blj-559	294	28	required.133	required.133	NUM
blj-559	294	29	even	even	ADV
blj-559	294	30	so	so	ADV
blj-559	294	31	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	294	32	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	294	33	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	294	34	numbers	number	NOUN
blj-559	294	35	are	be	AUX
blj-559	294	36	very	very	ADV
blj-559	294	37	low	low	ADJ
blj-559	294	38	in	in	ADP
blj-559	294	39	pennsylvania	pennsylvania	PROPN
blj-559	294	40	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	294	41	with	with	ADP
blj-559	294	42	41	41	NUM
blj-559	294	43	total	total	ADJ
blj-559	294	44	incidents	incident	NOUN
blj-559	294	45	reported	report	VERB
blj-559	294	46	in	in	ADP
blj-559	294	47	2019	2019	NUM
blj-559	294	48	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	295	1	28	28	NUM
blj-559	295	2	incidents	incident	NOUN
blj-559	295	3	were	be	AUX
blj-559	295	4	related	relate	VERB
blj-559	295	5	to	to	ADP
blj-559	295	6	race	race	NOUN
blj-559	295	7	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	295	8	ethnicity	ethnicity	NOUN
blj-559	295	9	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	295	10	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	295	11	ancestry	ancestry	NOUN
blj-559	295	12	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	295	13	9	9	NUM
blj-559	295	14	were	be	AUX
blj-559	295	15	connected	connect	VERB
blj-559	295	16	to	to	ADP
blj-559	295	17	religion	religion	NOUN
blj-559	295	18	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	295	19	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	295	20	4	4	NUM
blj-559	295	21	were	be	AUX
blj-559	295	22	related	relate	VERB
blj-559	295	23	to	to	ADP
blj-559	295	24	130	130	NUM
blj-559	295	25	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	295	26	2010	2010	NUM
blj-559	295	27	pennsylvania	pennsylvania	PROPN
blj-559	295	28	code	code	PROPN
blj-559	295	29	title	title	NOUN
blj-559	295	30	18	18	NUM
blj-559	295	31	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	295	32	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	295	33	offenses	offense	NOUN
blj-559	295	34	chapter	chapter	NOUN
blj-559	295	35	27	27	NUM
blj-559	295	36	assault	assault	NOUN
blj-559	295	37	2710	2710	NUM
blj-559	295	38	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
blj-559	295	39	intimidation	intimidation	NOUN
blj-559	295	40	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	295	41	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	296	1	justia	justia	PROPN
blj-559	296	2	us	us	PROPN
blj-559	296	3	law	law	NOUN
blj-559	296	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	297	1	justia	justia	PROPN
blj-559	297	2	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	298	1	accessed	access	VERB
blj-559	298	2	may	may	PROPN
blj-559	298	3	7	7	NUM
blj-559	298	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	298	5	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	298	6	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	299	1	https://law.justia.com/codes/pennsylvania/2010/title-18/chapter-27/2710	https://law.justia.com/codes/pennsylvania/2010/title-18/chapter-27/2710	ADJ
blj-559	299	2	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	300	1	131	131	NUM
blj-559	300	2	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	300	3	state	state	NOUN
blj-559	300	4	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	300	5	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	300	6	statutes	statute	NOUN
blj-559	300	7	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	300	8	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	301	1	brennan	brennan	PROPN
blj-559	301	2	center	center	PROPN
blj-559	301	3	for	for	ADP
blj-559	301	4	justice	justice	NOUN
blj-559	301	5	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	302	1	brennan	brennan	PROPN
blj-559	302	2	center	center	PROPN
blj-559	302	3	for	for	ADP
blj-559	302	4	justice	justice	NOUN
blj-559	302	5	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	302	6	july	july	PROPN
blj-559	302	7	2	2	NUM
blj-559	302	8	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	302	9	2020	2020	NUM
blj-559	302	10	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	303	1	https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/research-reports/state-hate-crimesstatutes	https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/research-reports/state-hate-crimesstatute	NOUN
blj-559	303	2	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	304	1	132	132	NUM
blj-559	304	2	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	304	3	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	304	4	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	304	5	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	304	6	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	305	1	office	office	NOUN
blj-559	305	2	of	of	ADP
blj-559	305	3	attorney	attorney	PROPN
blj-559	305	4	general	general	PROPN
blj-559	305	5	josh	josh	PROPN
blj-559	305	6	shapiro	shapiro	PROPN
blj-559	305	7	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	306	1	office	office	NOUN
blj-559	306	2	of	of	ADP
blj-559	306	3	the	the	DET
blj-559	306	4	attorney	attorney	NOUN
blj-559	306	5	general	general	NOUN
blj-559	306	6	of	of	ADP
blj-559	306	7	the	the	DET
blj-559	306	8	commonwealth	commonwealth	PROPN
blj-559	306	9	of	of	ADP
blj-559	306	10	pennsylvania	pennsylvania	PROPN
blj-559	306	11	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	307	1	accessed	access	VERB
blj-559	307	2	may	may	PROPN
blj-559	307	3	7	7	NUM
blj-559	307	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	307	5	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	307	6	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	308	1	https://www.attorneygeneral.gov/protect-yourself/civil-rights/hate-crime/.	https://www.attorneygeneral.gov/protect-yourself/civil-rights/hate-crime/.	NOUN
blj-559	308	2	133	133	NUM
blj-559	308	3	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	308	4	bias	bias	NOUN
blj-559	308	5	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	308	6	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	308	7	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	308	8	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	308	9	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	309	1	pennsylvania	pennsylvania	PROPN
blj-559	309	2	human	human	PROPN
blj-559	309	3	rights	rights	PROPN
blj-559	309	4	commission	commission	PROPN
blj-559	309	5	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	310	1	commonwealth	commonwealth	PROPN
blj-559	310	2	of	of	ADP
blj-559	310	3	pennsylvania	pennsylvania	PROPN
blj-559	310	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	310	5	https://www.phrc.pa.gov/resources/pages/hate-crime.aspx	https://www.phrc.pa.gov/resources/pages/hate-crime.aspx	PROPN
blj-559	310	6	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	311	1	57	57	NUM
blj-559	311	2	brandeis	brandeis	PROPN
blj-559	311	3	university	university	PROPN
blj-559	311	4	law	law	PROPN
blj-559	311	5	journal	journal	NOUN
blj-559	311	6	fall	fall	VERB
blj-559	311	7	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	311	8	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	311	9	volume	volume	NOUN
blj-559	311	10	9	9	NUM
blj-559	311	11	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	311	12	issue	issue	NOUN
blj-559	311	13	1	1	NUM
blj-559	311	14	sexual	sexual	ADJ
blj-559	311	15	orientation.134	orientation.134	PROPN
blj-559	311	16	pennsylvania	pennsylvania	PROPN
blj-559	311	17	uses	use	VERB
blj-559	311	18	a	a	DET
blj-559	311	19	penalty	penalty	NOUN
blj-559	311	20	enhancement	enhancement	NOUN
blj-559	311	21	model	model	NOUN
blj-559	311	22	for	for	ADP
blj-559	311	23	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
blj-559	311	24	intimidation	intimidation	NOUN
blj-559	311	25	violations	violation	NOUN
blj-559	311	26	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	311	27	but	but	CCONJ
blj-559	311	28	because	because	SCONJ
blj-559	311	29	convictions	conviction	NOUN
blj-559	311	30	are	be	AUX
blj-559	311	31	minimal	minimal	ADJ
blj-559	311	32	despite	despite	SCONJ
blj-559	311	33	the	the	DET
blj-559	311	34	fact	fact	NOUN
blj-559	311	35	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	311	36	pennsylvania	pennsylvania	PROPN
blj-559	311	37	is	be	AUX
blj-559	311	38	a	a	DET
blj-559	311	39	very	very	ADV
blj-559	311	40	populous	populous	ADJ
blj-559	311	41	state	state	NOUN
blj-559	311	42	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	311	43	it	it	PRON
blj-559	311	44	is	be	AUX
blj-559	311	45	rarely	rarely	ADV
blj-559	311	46	used	use	VERB
blj-559	311	47	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	312	1	if	if	SCONJ
blj-559	312	2	one	one	NUM
blj-559	312	3	were	be	AUX
blj-559	312	4	to	to	PART
blj-559	312	5	be	be	AUX
blj-559	312	6	considered	consider	VERB
blj-559	312	7	a	a	DET
blj-559	312	8	victim	victim	NOUN
blj-559	312	9	of	of	ADP
blj-559	312	10	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
blj-559	312	11	intimidation	intimidation	NOUN
blj-559	312	12	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	312	13	however	however	ADV
blj-559	312	14	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	312	15	under	under	ADP
blj-559	312	16	civil	civil	ADJ
blj-559	312	17	redress	redress	NOUN
blj-559	312	18	(	(	PUNCT
blj-559	312	19	42	42	NUM
blj-559	312	20	pa	pa	PROPN
blj-559	312	21	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	312	22	c.s.a	c.s.a	PROPN
blj-559	312	23	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	312	24	section	section	PROPN
blj-559	312	25	8309	8309	NUM
blj-559	312	26	)	)	PUNCT
blj-559	312	27	they	they	PRON
blj-559	312	28	can	can	AUX
blj-559	312	29	file	file	VERB
blj-559	312	30	a	a	DET
blj-559	312	31	civil	civil	ADJ
blj-559	312	32	rights	right	NOUN
blj-559	312	33	lawsuit	lawsuit	NOUN
blj-559	312	34	against	against	ADP
blj-559	312	35	the	the	DET
blj-559	312	36	perpetrator	perpetrator	NOUN
blj-559	312	37	of	of	ADP
blj-559	312	38	a	a	DET
blj-559	312	39	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	312	40	crime.135	crime.135	VERB
blj-559	312	41	there	there	PRON
blj-559	312	42	are	be	VERB
blj-559	312	43	several	several	ADJ
blj-559	312	44	reasons	reason	NOUN
blj-559	312	45	that	that	PRON
blj-559	312	46	could	could	AUX
blj-559	312	47	explain	explain	VERB
blj-559	312	48	why	why	SCONJ
blj-559	312	49	this	this	PRON
blj-559	312	50	is	be	AUX
blj-559	312	51	the	the	DET
blj-559	312	52	case	case	NOUN
blj-559	312	53	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	312	54	the	the	DET
blj-559	312	55	most	most	ADV
blj-559	312	56	plausible	plausible	ADJ
blj-559	312	57	being	be	AUX
blj-559	312	58	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	312	59	the	the	DET
blj-559	312	60	list	list	NOUN
blj-559	312	61	of	of	ADP
blj-559	312	62	protected	protect	VERB
blj-559	312	63	categories	category	NOUN
blj-559	312	64	is	be	AUX
blj-559	312	65	quite	quite	ADV
blj-559	312	66	short	short	ADJ
blj-559	312	67	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	312	68	excluding	exclude	VERB
blj-559	312	69	many	many	ADJ
blj-559	312	70	populations	population	NOUN
blj-559	312	71	who	who	PRON
blj-559	312	72	also	also	ADV
blj-559	312	73	face	face	VERB
blj-559	312	74	bias	bias	NOUN
blj-559	312	75	-	-	PUNCT
blj-559	312	76	motivated	motivate	VERB
blj-559	312	77	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	312	78	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	313	1	the	the	DET
blj-559	313	2	reason	reason	NOUN
blj-559	313	3	why	why	SCONJ
blj-559	313	4	various	various	ADJ
blj-559	313	5	demographics	demographic	NOUN
blj-559	313	6	are	be	AUX
blj-559	313	7	excluded	exclude	VERB
blj-559	313	8	seems	seem	VERB
blj-559	313	9	entirely	entirely	ADV
blj-559	313	10	political	political	ADJ
blj-559	313	11	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	314	1	for	for	ADP
blj-559	314	2	instance	instance	NOUN
blj-559	314	3	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	314	4	in	in	ADP
blj-559	314	5	a	a	DET
blj-559	314	6	2002	2002	NUM
blj-559	314	7	amendment	amendment	NOUN
blj-559	314	8	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	314	9	sexual	sexual	ADJ
blj-559	314	10	orientation	orientation	NOUN
blj-559	314	11	was	be	AUX
blj-559	314	12	briefly	briefly	ADV
blj-559	314	13	a	a	DET
blj-559	314	14	protected	protect	VERB
blj-559	314	15	category	category	NOUN
blj-559	314	16	in	in	ADP
blj-559	314	17	pennsylvania	pennsylvania	PROPN
blj-559	314	18	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	315	1	however	however	ADV
blj-559	315	2	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	315	3	due	due	ADP
blj-559	315	4	to	to	ADP
blj-559	315	5	public	public	ADJ
blj-559	315	6	outcry	outcry	NOUN
blj-559	315	7	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	315	8	how	how	SCONJ
blj-559	315	9	controversial	controversial	ADJ
blj-559	315	10	it	it	PRON
blj-559	315	11	was	be	AUX
blj-559	315	12	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	315	13	sexual	sexual	ADJ
blj-559	315	14	orientation	orientation	NOUN
blj-559	315	15	was	be	AUX
blj-559	315	16	removed	remove	VERB
blj-559	315	17	as	as	ADP
blj-559	315	18	a	a	DET
blj-559	315	19	protected	protected	ADJ
blj-559	315	20	category.136	category.136	NOUN
blj-559	315	21	another	another	DET
blj-559	315	22	reason	reason	NOUN
blj-559	315	23	for	for	ADP
blj-559	315	24	why	why	SCONJ
blj-559	315	25	there	there	PRON
blj-559	315	26	are	be	VERB
blj-559	315	27	minimal	minimal	ADJ
blj-559	315	28	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
blj-559	315	29	intimidation	intimidation	NOUN
blj-559	315	30	convictions	conviction	NOUN
blj-559	315	31	is	be	AUX
blj-559	315	32	because	because	SCONJ
blj-559	315	33	the	the	DET
blj-559	315	34	term	term	NOUN
blj-559	315	35	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	315	36	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	315	37	is	be	AUX
blj-559	315	38	never	never	ADV
blj-559	315	39	explicitly	explicitly	ADV
blj-559	315	40	used	use	VERB
blj-559	315	41	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	315	42	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	315	43	the	the	DET
blj-559	315	44	phrase	phrase	NOUN
blj-559	315	45	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
blj-559	315	46	intimidation	intimidation	NOUN
blj-559	315	47	appears	appear	VERB
blj-559	315	48	to	to	PART
blj-559	315	49	have	have	VERB
blj-559	315	50	different	different	ADJ
blj-559	315	51	connotations	connotation	NOUN
blj-559	315	52	on	on	ADP
blj-559	315	53	various	various	ADJ
blj-559	315	54	state	state	NOUN
blj-559	315	55	websites	website	NOUN
blj-559	315	56	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	316	1	this	this	PRON
blj-559	316	2	may	may	AUX
blj-559	316	3	amount	amount	VERB
blj-559	316	4	to	to	ADP
blj-559	316	5	confusion	confusion	NOUN
blj-559	316	6	on	on	ADP
blj-559	316	7	what	what	PRON
blj-559	316	8	would	would	AUX
blj-559	316	9	count	count	VERB
blj-559	316	10	as	as	ADP
blj-559	316	11	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
blj-559	316	12	intimidation	intimidation	NOUN
blj-559	316	13	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	317	1	this	this	PRON
blj-559	317	2	can	can	AUX
blj-559	317	3	dissuade	dissuade	VERB
blj-559	317	4	individuals	individual	NOUN
blj-559	317	5	from	from	ADP
blj-559	317	6	feeling	feel	VERB
blj-559	317	7	comfortable	comfortable	ADJ
blj-559	317	8	coming	come	VERB
blj-559	317	9	forward	forward	ADV
blj-559	317	10	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	317	11	also	also	ADV
blj-559	317	12	may	may	AUX
blj-559	317	13	cause	cause	VERB
blj-559	317	14	law	law	NOUN
blj-559	317	15	enforcement	enforcement	NOUN
blj-559	317	16	officials	official	NOUN
blj-559	317	17	to	to	PART
blj-559	317	18	improperly	improperly	ADV
blj-559	317	19	recognize	recognize	VERB
blj-559	317	20	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	317	21	respond	respond	VERB
blj-559	317	22	to	to	ADP
blj-559	317	23	a	a	DET
blj-559	317	24	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	317	25	incident	incident	NOUN
blj-559	317	26	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	317	27	since	since	SCONJ
blj-559	317	28	training	train	VERB
blj-559	317	29	related	relate	VERB
blj-559	317	30	to	to	PART
blj-559	317	31	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	317	32	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	317	33	is	be	AUX
blj-559	317	34	not	not	PART
blj-559	317	35	a	a	DET
blj-559	317	36	requirement	requirement	NOUN
blj-559	317	37	in	in	ADP
blj-559	317	38	pennsylvania	pennsylvania	PROPN
blj-559	317	39	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	318	1	the	the	DET
blj-559	318	2	difference	difference	NOUN
blj-559	318	3	in	in	ADP
blj-559	318	4	the	the	DET
blj-559	318	5	number	number	NOUN
blj-559	318	6	of	of	ADP
blj-559	318	7	convictions	conviction	NOUN
blj-559	318	8	reported	report	VERB
blj-559	318	9	in	in	ADP
blj-559	318	10	massachusetts	massachusetts	PROPN
blj-559	318	11	(	(	PUNCT
blj-559	318	12	388	388	NUM
blj-559	318	13	)	)	PUNCT
blj-559	318	14	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	318	15	pennsylvania	pennsylvania	PROPN
blj-559	318	16	(	(	PUNCT
blj-559	318	17	41	41	NUM
blj-559	318	18	)	)	PUNCT
blj-559	318	19	in	in	ADP
blj-559	318	20	2019	2019	NUM
blj-559	318	21	proves	prove	VERB
blj-559	318	22	how	how	SCONJ
blj-559	318	23	the	the	DET
blj-559	318	24	variations	variation	NOUN
blj-559	318	25	seen	see	VERB
blj-559	318	26	in	in	ADP
blj-559	318	27	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	318	28	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	318	29	laws	law	NOUN
blj-559	318	30	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	318	31	procedures	procedure	NOUN
blj-559	318	32	by	by	ADP
blj-559	318	33	state	state	NOUN
blj-559	318	34	have	have	VERB
blj-559	318	35	drastically	drastically	ADV
blj-559	318	36	different	different	ADJ
blj-559	318	37	outcomes.137	outcomes.137	NOUN
blj-559	318	38	it	it	PRON
blj-559	318	39	is	be	AUX
blj-559	318	40	not	not	PART
blj-559	318	41	outrageous	outrageous	ADJ
blj-559	318	42	to	to	PART
blj-559	318	43	assume	assume	VERB
blj-559	318	44	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	318	45	pennsylvania	pennsylvania	PROPN
blj-559	318	46	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	318	47	a	a	DET
blj-559	318	48	state	state	NOUN
blj-559	318	49	with	with	ADP
blj-559	318	50	a	a	DET
blj-559	318	51	population	population	NOUN
blj-559	318	52	nearly	nearly	ADV
blj-559	318	53	double	double	DET
blj-559	318	54	the	the	DET
blj-559	318	55	size	size	NOUN
blj-559	318	56	of	of	ADP
blj-559	318	57	massachusetts	massachusetts	PROPN
blj-559	318	58	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	318	59	would	would	AUX
blj-559	318	60	have	have	VERB
blj-559	318	61	134	134	NUM
blj-559	318	62	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	318	63	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	318	64	statistics	statistic	NOUN
blj-559	318	65	(	(	PUNCT
blj-559	318	66	2019	2019	NUM
blj-559	318	67	)	)	PUNCT
blj-559	318	68	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	318	69	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	319	1	the	the	DET
blj-559	319	2	united	united	PROPN
blj-559	319	3	states	states	PROPN
blj-559	319	4	department	department	PROPN
blj-559	319	5	of	of	ADP
blj-559	319	6	justice	justice	PROPN
blj-559	319	7	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	320	1	u.s	u.s	PROPN
blj-559	320	2	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	320	3	department	department	PROPN
blj-559	320	4	of	of	ADP
blj-559	320	5	justice	justice	PROPN
blj-559	320	6	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	320	7	2019	2019	NUM
blj-559	320	8	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	321	1	https://www.justice.gov/hatecrimes/hate-crime-statistics	https://www.justice.gov/hatecrimes/hate-crime-statistic	NOUN
blj-559	321	2	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	321	3	135	135	NUM
blj-559	321	4	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	321	5	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	321	6	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	321	7	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	321	8	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	322	1	office	office	NOUN
blj-559	322	2	of	of	ADP
blj-559	322	3	attorney	attorney	PROPN
blj-559	322	4	general	general	PROPN
blj-559	322	5	josh	josh	PROPN
blj-559	322	6	shapiro	shapiro	PROPN
blj-559	322	7	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	323	1	office	office	NOUN
blj-559	323	2	of	of	ADP
blj-559	323	3	attorney	attorney	PROPN
blj-559	323	4	general	general	PROPN
blj-559	323	5	commonwealth	commonwealth	PROPN
blj-559	323	6	of	of	ADP
blj-559	323	7	pennsylvania	pennsylvania	PROPN
blj-559	323	8	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	323	9	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	323	10	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	324	1	https://www.attorneygeneral.gov/protect-yourself/civil-rights/hate-crime/.	https://www.attorneygeneral.gov/protect-yourself/civil-rights/hate-crime/.	PROPN
blj-559	324	2	136	136	NUM
blj-559	324	3	boren	boren	PROPN
blj-559	324	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	324	5	michael	michael	PROPN
blj-559	324	6	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	325	1	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	325	2	pa	pa	PROPN
blj-559	325	3	expands	expand	VERB
blj-559	325	4	protections	protection	NOUN
blj-559	325	5	for	for	ADP
blj-559	325	6	lgbt	lgbt	PROPN
blj-559	325	7	people	people	NOUN
blj-559	325	8	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	325	9	but	but	CCONJ
blj-559	325	10	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	325	11	-	-	PUNCT
blj-559	325	12	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	325	13	law	law	NOUN
blj-559	325	14	still	still	ADV
blj-559	325	15	does	do	AUX
blj-559	325	16	n’t	not	PART
blj-559	325	17	include	include	VERB
blj-559	325	18	them	they	PRON
blj-559	325	19	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	325	20	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	326	1	the	the	DET
blj-559	326	2	philadelphia	philadelphia	PROPN
blj-559	326	3	inquirer	inquirer	NOUN
blj-559	326	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	327	1	the	the	DET
blj-559	327	2	philadelphia	philadelphia	PROPN
blj-559	327	3	inquirer	inquirer	PROPN
blj-559	327	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	327	5	august	august	PROPN
blj-559	327	6	27	27	NUM
blj-559	327	7	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	327	8	2018	2018	NUM
blj-559	327	9	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	328	1	https://www.inquirer.com/philly/news/pennsylvania/lgbt-hate-crimes-pennsylvaniahuman-relations-commission-20180817.html	https://www.inquirer.com/philly/news/pennsylvania/lgbt-hate-crimes-pennsylvaniahuman-relations-commission-20180817.html	PROPN
blj-559	328	2	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	329	1	137	137	NUM
blj-559	329	2	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	329	3	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	329	4	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	329	5	statistics	statistic	NOUN
blj-559	329	6	(	(	PUNCT
blj-559	329	7	2019	2019	NUM
blj-559	329	8	)	)	PUNCT
blj-559	329	9	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	329	10	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	330	1	the	the	DET
blj-559	330	2	united	united	PROPN
blj-559	330	3	states	states	PROPN
blj-559	330	4	department	department	PROPN
blj-559	330	5	of	of	ADP
blj-559	330	6	justice	justice	PROPN
blj-559	330	7	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	331	1	u.s	u.s	PROPN
blj-559	331	2	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	331	3	department	department	PROPN
blj-559	331	4	of	of	ADP
blj-559	331	5	justice	justice	PROPN
blj-559	331	6	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	331	7	2019	2019	NUM
blj-559	331	8	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	332	1	https://www.justice.gov/hatecrimes/hate-crime-statistics	https://www.justice.gov/hatecrimes/hate-crime-statistic	NOUN
blj-559	332	2	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	333	1	58	58	NUM
blj-559	333	2	brandeis	brandeis	PROPN
blj-559	333	3	university	university	PROPN
blj-559	333	4	law	law	PROPN
blj-559	333	5	journal	journal	NOUN
blj-559	333	6	fall	fall	VERB
blj-559	333	7	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	333	8	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	333	9	volume	volume	NOUN
blj-559	333	10	9	9	NUM
blj-559	333	11	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	333	12	issue	issue	NOUN
blj-559	333	13	1	1	NUM
blj-559	333	14	more	more	ADJ
blj-559	333	15	incidents	incident	NOUN
blj-559	333	16	of	of	ADP
blj-559	333	17	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	333	18	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	333	19	occurring	occur	VERB
blj-559	333	20	than	than	ADP
blj-559	333	21	what	what	PRON
blj-559	333	22	is	be	AUX
blj-559	333	23	formally	formally	ADV
blj-559	333	24	reported	report	VERB
blj-559	333	25	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	334	1	however	however	ADV
blj-559	334	2	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	334	3	what	what	PRON
blj-559	334	4	we	we	PRON
blj-559	334	5	have	have	AUX
blj-559	334	6	is	be	AUX
blj-559	334	7	an	an	DET
blj-559	334	8	inaccurate	inaccurate	ADJ
blj-559	334	9	picture	picture	NOUN
blj-559	334	10	of	of	ADP
blj-559	334	11	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	334	12	in	in	ADP
blj-559	334	13	pennsylvania	pennsylvania	PROPN
blj-559	334	14	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	334	15	other	other	ADJ
blj-559	334	16	states	state	NOUN
blj-559	334	17	with	with	ADP
blj-559	334	18	similar	similar	ADJ
blj-559	334	19	protocols	protocol	NOUN
blj-559	334	20	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	335	1	this	this	PRON
blj-559	335	2	is	be	AUX
blj-559	335	3	due	due	ADJ
blj-559	335	4	to	to	ADP
blj-559	335	5	a	a	DET
blj-559	335	6	variety	variety	NOUN
blj-559	335	7	of	of	ADP
blj-559	335	8	factors	factor	NOUN
blj-559	335	9	including	include	VERB
blj-559	335	10	different	different	ADJ
blj-559	335	11	definitions	definition	NOUN
blj-559	335	12	of	of	ADP
blj-559	335	13	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	335	14	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	335	15	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	335	16	protected	protect	VERB
blj-559	335	17	categories	category	NOUN
blj-559	335	18	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	335	19	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	335	20	different	different	ADJ
blj-559	335	21	training	training	NOUN
blj-559	335	22	requirements	requirement	NOUN
blj-559	335	23	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	336	1	to	to	PART
blj-559	336	2	further	far	ADV
blj-559	336	3	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
blj-559	336	4	how	how	SCONJ
blj-559	336	5	problematic	problematic	ADJ
blj-559	336	6	this	this	DET
blj-559	336	7	discrepancy	discrepancy	NOUN
blj-559	336	8	is	be	AUX
blj-559	336	9	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	336	10	i	i	PRON
blj-559	336	11	will	will	AUX
blj-559	336	12	use	use	VERB
blj-559	336	13	a	a	DET
blj-559	336	14	federal	federal	ADJ
blj-559	336	15	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	336	16	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	336	17	case	case	NOUN
blj-559	336	18	example	example	NOUN
blj-559	336	19	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	336	20	address	address	NOUN
blj-559	336	21	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	336	22	based	base	VERB
blj-559	336	23	on	on	ADP
blj-559	336	24	their	their	PRON
blj-559	336	25	current	current	ADJ
blj-559	336	26	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	336	27	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	336	28	statutes	statute	NOUN
blj-559	336	29	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	336	30	how	how	SCONJ
blj-559	336	31	massachusetts	massachusetts	PROPN
blj-559	336	32	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	336	33	pennsylvania	pennsylvania	PROPN
blj-559	336	34	would	would	AUX
blj-559	336	35	respond	respond	VERB
blj-559	336	36	if	if	SCONJ
blj-559	336	37	the	the	DET
blj-559	336	38	case	case	NOUN
blj-559	336	39	occurred	occur	VERB
blj-559	336	40	in	in	ADP
blj-559	336	41	either	either	DET
blj-559	336	42	state	state	NOUN
blj-559	336	43	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	337	1	in	in	ADP
blj-559	337	2	may	may	PROPN
blj-559	337	3	2020	2020	NUM
blj-559	337	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	337	5	sean	sean	PROPN
blj-559	337	6	díaz	díaz	PROPN
blj-559	337	7	de	de	X
blj-559	337	8	león	león	PROPN
blj-559	337	9	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	337	10	juan	juan	PROPN
blj-559	337	11	carlos	carlos	PROPN
blj-559	337	12	pagán	pagán	PROPN
blj-559	337	13	bonilla	bonilla	PROPN
blj-559	337	14	were	be	AUX
blj-559	337	15	convicted	convict	VERB
blj-559	337	16	of	of	ADP
blj-559	337	17	knowingly	knowingly	ADV
blj-559	337	18	targetting	targette	VERB
blj-559	337	19	two	two	NUM
blj-559	337	20	transgender	transgender	NOUN
blj-559	337	21	women	woman	NOUN
blj-559	337	22	in	in	ADP
blj-559	337	23	a	a	DET
blj-559	337	24	violent	violent	ADJ
blj-559	337	25	carjacking.138	carjacking.138	NOUN
blj-559	337	26	they	they	PRON
blj-559	337	27	had	have	VERB
blj-559	337	28	sexual	sexual	ADJ
blj-559	337	29	relations	relation	NOUN
blj-559	337	30	with	with	ADP
blj-559	337	31	the	the	DET
blj-559	337	32	two	two	NUM
blj-559	337	33	women	woman	NOUN
blj-559	337	34	who	who	PRON
blj-559	337	35	were	be	AUX
blj-559	337	36	visiting	visit	VERB
blj-559	337	37	puerto	puerto	PROPN
blj-559	337	38	rico	rico	PROPN
blj-559	337	39	from	from	ADP
blj-559	337	40	new	new	PROPN
blj-559	337	41	york	york	PROPN
blj-559	337	42	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	337	43	were	be	AUX
blj-559	337	44	angered	anger	VERB
blj-559	337	45	after	after	ADP
blj-559	337	46	discovering	discover	VERB
blj-559	337	47	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	337	48	they	they	PRON
blj-559	337	49	were	be	AUX
blj-559	337	50	transgender.139	transgender.139	NUM
blj-559	337	51	the	the	DET
blj-559	337	52	defendants	defendant	NOUN
blj-559	337	53	then	then	ADV
blj-559	337	54	attacked	attack	VERB
blj-559	337	55	the	the	DET
blj-559	337	56	women	woman	NOUN
blj-559	337	57	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	337	58	shot	shoot	VERB
blj-559	337	59	at	at	ADP
blj-559	337	60	them	they	PRON
blj-559	337	61	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	337	62	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	337	63	then	then	ADV
blj-559	337	64	set	set	VERB
blj-559	337	65	their	their	PRON
blj-559	337	66	car	car	NOUN
blj-559	337	67	on	on	ADP
blj-559	337	68	fire	fire	NOUN
blj-559	337	69	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	338	1	if	if	SCONJ
blj-559	338	2	this	this	DET
blj-559	338	3	case	case	NOUN
blj-559	338	4	were	be	AUX
blj-559	338	5	to	to	PART
blj-559	338	6	happen	happen	VERB
blj-559	338	7	in	in	ADP
blj-559	338	8	massachusetts	massachusetts	PROPN
blj-559	338	9	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	338	10	it	it	PRON
blj-559	338	11	would	would	AUX
blj-559	338	12	be	be	AUX
blj-559	338	13	classified	classify	VERB
blj-559	338	14	as	as	ADP
blj-559	338	15	a	a	DET
blj-559	338	16	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	338	17	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	338	18	because	because	SCONJ
blj-559	338	19	gender	gender	NOUN
blj-559	338	20	identity	identity	NOUN
blj-559	338	21	is	be	AUX
blj-559	338	22	considered	consider	VERB
blj-559	338	23	a	a	DET
blj-559	338	24	protected	protect	VERB
blj-559	338	25	category	category	NOUN
blj-559	338	26	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	339	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
blj-559	339	2	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	339	3	through	through	ADP
blj-559	339	4	mass	mass	PROPN
blj-559	339	5	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	340	1	gen	gen	PROPN
blj-559	340	2	laws	law	NOUN
blj-559	340	3	ch	ch	PROPN
blj-559	340	4	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	340	5	265	265	NUM
blj-559	340	6	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	340	7	section	section	NOUN
blj-559	340	8	39	39	NUM
blj-559	340	9	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	340	10	the	the	DET
blj-559	340	11	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	340	12	would	would	AUX
blj-559	340	13	be	be	AUX
blj-559	340	14	counted	count	VERB
blj-559	340	15	as	as	ADP
blj-559	340	16	a	a	DET
blj-559	340	17	separate	separate	ADJ
blj-559	340	18	offense	offense	NOUN
blj-559	340	19	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	340	20	the	the	DET
blj-559	340	21	defendants	defendant	NOUN
blj-559	340	22	would	would	AUX
blj-559	340	23	receive	receive	VERB
blj-559	340	24	an	an	DET
blj-559	340	25	enhanced	enhanced	ADJ
blj-559	340	26	penalty	penalty	NOUN
blj-559	340	27	sentence	sentence	NOUN
blj-559	340	28	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	341	1	however	however	ADV
blj-559	341	2	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	341	3	if	if	SCONJ
blj-559	341	4	this	this	DET
blj-559	341	5	case	case	NOUN
blj-559	341	6	occurred	occur	VERB
blj-559	341	7	in	in	ADP
blj-559	341	8	pennsylvania	pennsylvania	PROPN
blj-559	341	9	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	341	10	it	it	PRON
blj-559	341	11	would	would	AUX
blj-559	341	12	not	not	PART
blj-559	341	13	be	be	AUX
blj-559	341	14	considered	consider	VERB
blj-559	341	15	in	in	ADP
blj-559	341	16	violation	violation	NOUN
blj-559	341	17	of	of	ADP
blj-559	341	18	18	18	NUM
blj-559	341	19	p.s	p.s	PROPN
blj-559	341	20	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	341	21	section	section	PROPN
blj-559	341	22	2710	2710	NUM
blj-559	341	23	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	341	24	as	as	SCONJ
blj-559	341	25	gender	gender	NOUN
blj-559	341	26	identity	identity	NOUN
blj-559	341	27	is	be	AUX
blj-559	341	28	not	not	PART
blj-559	341	29	a	a	DET
blj-559	341	30	legally	legally	ADV
blj-559	341	31	recognized	recognize	VERB
blj-559	341	32	protected	protect	VERB
blj-559	341	33	category	category	NOUN
blj-559	341	34	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	342	1	the	the	DET
blj-559	342	2	families	family	NOUN
blj-559	342	3	of	of	ADP
blj-559	342	4	the	the	DET
blj-559	342	5	victims	victim	NOUN
blj-559	342	6	would	would	AUX
blj-559	342	7	not	not	PART
blj-559	342	8	get	get	VERB
blj-559	342	9	justice	justice	NOUN
blj-559	342	10	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	342	11	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	342	12	the	the	DET
blj-559	342	13	fact	fact	NOUN
blj-559	342	14	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	342	15	the	the	DET
blj-559	342	16	case	case	NOUN
blj-559	342	17	would	would	AUX
blj-559	342	18	proceed	proceed	VERB
blj-559	342	19	missing	miss	VERB
blj-559	342	20	an	an	DET
blj-559	342	21	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
blj-559	342	22	intimidation	intimidation	NOUN
blj-559	342	23	charge	charge	NOUN
blj-559	342	24	would	would	AUX
blj-559	342	25	send	send	VERB
blj-559	342	26	a	a	DET
blj-559	342	27	message	message	NOUN
blj-559	342	28	to	to	ADP
blj-559	342	29	transgender	transgender	NOUN
blj-559	342	30	pennsylvania	pennsylvania	PROPN
blj-559	342	31	residents	resident	NOUN
blj-559	342	32	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	342	33	if	if	SCONJ
blj-559	342	34	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	342	35	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	342	36	occur	occur	VERB
blj-559	342	37	against	against	ADP
blj-559	342	38	them	they	PRON
blj-559	342	39	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	342	40	no	no	DET
blj-559	342	41	action	action	NOUN
blj-559	342	42	would	would	AUX
blj-559	342	43	be	be	AUX
blj-559	342	44	taken	take	VERB
blj-559	342	45	by	by	ADP
blj-559	342	46	law	law	NOUN
blj-559	342	47	enforcement	enforcement	NOUN
blj-559	342	48	because	because	SCONJ
blj-559	342	49	of	of	ADP
blj-559	342	50	the	the	DET
blj-559	342	51	identifying	identify	VERB
blj-559	342	52	factors	factor	NOUN
blj-559	342	53	that	that	PRON
blj-559	342	54	make	make	VERB
blj-559	342	55	them	they	PRON
blj-559	342	56	who	who	PRON
blj-559	342	57	they	they	PRON
blj-559	342	58	are	be	AUX
blj-559	342	59	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	343	1	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
blj-559	343	2	senator	senator	PROPN
blj-559	343	3	edward	edward	PROPN
blj-559	343	4	kennedy	kennedy	PROPN
blj-559	343	5	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	343	6	a	a	DET
blj-559	343	7	staunch	staunch	ADJ
blj-559	343	8	supporter	supporter	NOUN
blj-559	343	9	of	of	ADP
blj-559	343	10	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	343	11	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	343	12	legislation	legislation	NOUN
blj-559	343	13	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	343	14	once	once	ADV
blj-559	343	15	said	say	VERB
blj-559	343	16	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	343	17	[	[	X
blj-559	343	18	h]ate	h]ate	VERB
blj-559	343	19	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	343	20	are	be	AUX
blj-559	343	21	a	a	DET
blj-559	343	22	modern	modern	ADJ
blj-559	343	23	plague	plague	NOUN
blj-559	343	24	afflicting	afflict	VERB
blj-559	343	25	communities	community	NOUN
blj-559	343	26	throughout	throughout	ADP
blj-559	343	27	the	the	DET
blj-559	343	28	nation	nation	NOUN
blj-559	343	29	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	344	1	again	again	ADV
blj-559	344	2	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	344	3	again	again	ADV
blj-559	344	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	344	5	lives	life	NOUN
blj-559	344	6	have	have	AUX
blj-559	344	7	been	be	AUX
blj-559	344	8	shattered	shatter	VERB
blj-559	344	9	by	by	ADP
blj-559	344	10	the	the	DET
blj-559	344	11	violence	violence	NOUN
blj-559	344	12	of	of	ADP
blj-559	344	13	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	344	14	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	345	1	”140	”140	PROPN
blj-559	345	2	while	while	SCONJ
blj-559	345	3	it	it	PRON
blj-559	345	4	is	be	AUX
blj-559	345	5	evident	evident	ADJ
blj-559	345	6	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	345	7	instances	instance	NOUN
blj-559	345	8	of	of	ADP
blj-559	345	9	138	138	NUM
blj-559	345	10	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	345	11	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	345	12	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	345	13	case	case	NOUN
blj-559	345	14	examples	example	NOUN
blj-559	345	15	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	345	16	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	346	1	united	united	PROPN
blj-559	346	2	states	states	PROPN
blj-559	346	3	department	department	PROPN
blj-559	346	4	of	of	ADP
blj-559	346	5	justice	justice	PROPN
blj-559	346	6	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	347	1	u.s	u.s	PROPN
blj-559	347	2	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	347	3	department	department	PROPN
blj-559	347	4	of	of	ADP
blj-559	347	5	justice	justice	PROPN
blj-559	347	6	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	348	1	accessed	access	VERB
blj-559	348	2	may	may	PROPN
blj-559	348	3	5	5	NUM
blj-559	348	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	348	5	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	348	6	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	349	1	https://www.justice.gov/hatecrimes/hate-crimes-caseexamples	https://www.justice.gov/hatecrimes/hate-crimes-caseexample	NOUN
blj-559	349	2	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	350	1	139	139	NUM
blj-559	350	2	ring	ring	NOUN
blj-559	350	3	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	350	4	trudy	trudy	PROPN
blj-559	350	5	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	351	1	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	351	2	two	two	NUM
blj-559	351	3	men	man	NOUN
blj-559	351	4	indicted	indict	VERB
blj-559	351	5	for	for	ADP
blj-559	351	6	murders	murder	NOUN
blj-559	351	7	of	of	ADP
blj-559	351	8	transgender	transgender	NOUN
blj-559	351	9	women	woman	NOUN
blj-559	351	10	in	in	ADP
blj-559	351	11	puerto	puerto	PROPN
blj-559	351	12	rico	rico	PROPN
blj-559	351	13	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	351	14	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	352	1	https://www.advocate.com/crime/2020/5/14/two-men-indicted-murders-transgenderwomen-puerto-rico	https://www.advocate.com/crime/2020/5/14/two-men-indicted-murders-transgenderwomen-puerto-rico	NOUN
blj-559	352	2	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	352	3	advocate	advocate	NOUN
blj-559	352	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	352	5	may	may	AUX
blj-559	352	6	14	14	NUM
blj-559	352	7	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	352	8	2020	2020	NUM
blj-559	352	9	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	353	1	140	140	NUM
blj-559	353	2	edward	edward	PROPN
blj-559	353	3	kennedy	kennedy	PROPN
blj-559	353	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	353	5	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	353	6	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	353	7	:	:	PUNCT
blj-559	353	8	the	the	DET
blj-559	353	9	unfinished	unfinished	ADJ
blj-559	353	10	business	business	NOUN
blj-559	353	11	of	of	ADP
blj-559	353	12	america	america	PROPN
blj-559	353	13	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	353	14	44	44	NUM
blj-559	353	15	boston	boston	PROPN
blj-559	353	16	bar	bar	PROPN
blj-559	353	17	j.	j.	PROPN
blj-559	353	18	6	6	NUM
blj-559	353	19	(	(	PUNCT
blj-559	353	20	jan	jan	PROPN
blj-559	353	21	/	/	SYM
blj-559	353	22	feb	feb	PROPN
blj-559	353	23	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	353	24	2000	2000	NUM
blj-559	353	25	)	)	PUNCT
blj-559	353	26	accessed	access	VERB
blj-559	353	27	april	april	PROPN
blj-559	353	28	27	27	NUM
blj-559	353	29	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	353	30	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	353	31	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	354	1	59	59	NUM
blj-559	354	2	brandeis	brandeis	PROPN
blj-559	354	3	university	university	PROPN
blj-559	354	4	law	law	PROPN
blj-559	354	5	journal	journal	NOUN
blj-559	354	6	fall	fall	VERB
blj-559	354	7	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	354	8	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	354	9	volume	volume	NOUN
blj-559	354	10	9	9	NUM
blj-559	354	11	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	354	12	issue	issue	NOUN
blj-559	354	13	1	1	NUM
blj-559	354	14	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	354	15	have	have	AUX
blj-559	354	16	been	be	AUX
blj-559	354	17	woven	weave	VERB
blj-559	354	18	into	into	ADP
blj-559	354	19	the	the	DET
blj-559	354	20	american	american	ADJ
blj-559	354	21	experience	experience	NOUN
blj-559	354	22	since	since	SCONJ
blj-559	354	23	its	its	PRON
blj-559	354	24	very	very	ADJ
blj-559	354	25	beginning	beginning	NOUN
blj-559	354	26	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	354	27	kennedy	kennedy	PROPN
blj-559	354	28	’s	’s	PART
blj-559	354	29	quote	quote	INTJ
blj-559	354	30	is	be	AUX
blj-559	354	31	accurate	accurate	ADJ
blj-559	354	32	in	in	ADP
blj-559	354	33	reflecting	reflect	VERB
blj-559	354	34	the	the	DET
blj-559	354	35	urgency	urgency	NOUN
blj-559	354	36	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	354	37	necessity	necessity	NOUN
blj-559	354	38	of	of	ADP
blj-559	354	39	legislation	legislation	NOUN
blj-559	354	40	to	to	PART
blj-559	354	41	combat	combat	VERB
blj-559	354	42	a	a	DET
blj-559	354	43	rising	rise	VERB
blj-559	354	44	tide	tide	NOUN
blj-559	354	45	of	of	ADP
blj-559	354	46	hostility	hostility	NOUN
blj-559	354	47	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	354	48	violence	violence	NOUN
blj-559	354	49	experienced	experience	VERB
blj-559	354	50	by	by	ADP
blj-559	354	51	marginalized	marginalized	ADJ
blj-559	354	52	communities	community	NOUN
blj-559	354	53	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	355	1	white	white	ADJ
blj-559	355	2	supremacy	supremacy	PROPN
blj-559	355	3	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	355	4	xenophobia	xenophobia	NOUN
blj-559	355	5	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	355	6	racism	racism	NOUN
blj-559	355	7	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	355	8	antisemitism	antisemitism	NOUN
blj-559	355	9	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	355	10	homophobia	homophobia	NOUN
blj-559	355	11	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	355	12	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	355	13	other	other	ADJ
blj-559	355	14	expressions	expression	NOUN
blj-559	355	15	of	of	ADP
blj-559	355	16	intolerance	intolerance	NOUN
blj-559	355	17	toward	toward	ADP
blj-559	355	18	difference	difference	NOUN
blj-559	355	19	are	be	AUX
blj-559	355	20	nothing	nothing	PRON
blj-559	355	21	new	new	ADJ
blj-559	355	22	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	355	23	but	but	CCONJ
blj-559	355	24	have	have	AUX
blj-559	355	25	simply	simply	ADV
blj-559	355	26	been	be	AUX
blj-559	355	27	magnified	magnify	VERB
blj-559	355	28	in	in	ADP
blj-559	355	29	recent	recent	ADJ
blj-559	355	30	years	year	NOUN
blj-559	355	31	due	due	ADP
blj-559	355	32	to	to	ADP
blj-559	355	33	immense	immense	ADJ
blj-559	355	34	social	social	ADJ
blj-559	355	35	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	355	36	political	political	ADJ
blj-559	355	37	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	355	38	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	355	39	economic	economic	ADJ
blj-559	355	40	change	change	NOUN
blj-559	355	41	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	356	1	even	even	ADV
blj-559	356	2	though	though	SCONJ
blj-559	356	3	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	356	4	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	356	5	legislation	legislation	NOUN
blj-559	356	6	exists	exist	VERB
blj-559	356	7	on	on	ADP
blj-559	356	8	both	both	CCONJ
blj-559	356	9	a	a	DET
blj-559	356	10	federal	federal	ADJ
blj-559	356	11	level	level	NOUN
blj-559	356	12	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	356	13	in	in	ADP
blj-559	356	14	most	most	ADJ
blj-559	356	15	states	state	NOUN
blj-559	356	16	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	356	17	it	it	PRON
blj-559	356	18	is	be	AUX
blj-559	356	19	clear	clear	ADJ
blj-559	356	20	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	356	21	there	there	PRON
blj-559	356	22	are	be	VERB
blj-559	356	23	flaws	flaw	NOUN
blj-559	356	24	that	that	PRON
blj-559	356	25	must	must	AUX
blj-559	356	26	be	be	AUX
blj-559	356	27	addressed	address	VERB
blj-559	356	28	in	in	ADP
blj-559	356	29	order	order	NOUN
blj-559	356	30	to	to	PART
blj-559	356	31	ensure	ensure	VERB
blj-559	356	32	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	356	33	the	the	DET
blj-559	356	34	legislation	legislation	NOUN
blj-559	356	35	is	be	AUX
blj-559	356	36	as	as	ADV
blj-559	356	37	effective	effective	ADJ
blj-559	356	38	as	as	ADP
blj-559	356	39	possible	possible	ADJ
blj-559	356	40	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	357	1	it	it	PRON
blj-559	357	2	is	be	AUX
blj-559	357	3	imperative	imperative	ADJ
blj-559	357	4	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	357	5	all	all	DET
blj-559	357	6	states	state	NOUN
blj-559	357	7	have	have	VERB
blj-559	357	8	at	at	ADV
blj-559	357	9	least	least	ADJ
blj-559	357	10	basic	basic	ADJ
blj-559	357	11	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	357	12	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	357	13	statutes	statute	NOUN
blj-559	357	14	implemented	implement	VERB
blj-559	357	15	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	357	16	utilize	utilize	VERB
blj-559	357	17	similar	similar	ADJ
blj-559	357	18	definitions	definition	NOUN
blj-559	357	19	of	of	ADP
blj-559	357	20	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	357	21	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	357	22	to	to	PART
blj-559	357	23	prevent	prevent	VERB
blj-559	357	24	confusion	confusion	NOUN
blj-559	357	25	about	about	ADP
blj-559	357	26	what	what	PRON
blj-559	357	27	the	the	DET
blj-559	357	28	term	term	NOUN
blj-559	357	29	means	mean	VERB
blj-559	357	30	in	in	ADP
blj-559	357	31	practice	practice	NOUN
blj-559	357	32	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	358	1	currently	currently	ADV
blj-559	358	2	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	358	3	arkansas	arkansas	PROPN
blj-559	358	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	358	5	south	south	PROPN
blj-559	358	6	carolina	carolina	PROPN
blj-559	358	7	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	358	8	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	358	9	wyoming	wyoming	PROPN
blj-559	358	10	do	do	AUX
blj-559	358	11	not	not	PART
blj-559	358	12	have	have	VERB
blj-559	358	13	any	any	DET
blj-559	358	14	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	358	15	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	358	16	statutes	statute	NOUN
blj-559	358	17	in	in	ADP
blj-559	358	18	place	place	NOUN
blj-559	358	19	which	which	PRON
blj-559	358	20	is	be	AUX
blj-559	358	21	very	very	ADV
blj-559	358	22	problematic	problematic	ADJ
blj-559	358	23	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	358	24	as	as	SCONJ
blj-559	358	25	it	it	PRON
blj-559	358	26	implies	imply	VERB
blj-559	358	27	that	that	PRON
blj-559	358	28	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	358	29	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	358	30	are	be	AUX
blj-559	358	31	not	not	PART
blj-559	358	32	legitimate	legitimate	ADJ
blj-559	358	33	or	or	CCONJ
blj-559	358	34	do	do	AUX
blj-559	358	35	not	not	PART
blj-559	358	36	occur	occur	VERB
blj-559	358	37	within	within	ADP
blj-559	358	38	those	those	DET
blj-559	358	39	areas	area	NOUN
blj-559	358	40	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	358	41	which	which	PRON
blj-559	358	42	is	be	AUX
blj-559	358	43	not	not	PART
blj-559	358	44	true	true	ADJ
blj-559	358	45	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	359	1	while	while	SCONJ
blj-559	359	2	it	it	PRON
blj-559	359	3	is	be	AUX
blj-559	359	4	understandable	understandable	ADJ
blj-559	359	5	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	359	6	different	different	ADJ
blj-559	359	7	states	state	NOUN
blj-559	359	8	have	have	VERB
blj-559	359	9	different	different	ADJ
blj-559	359	10	statutory	statutory	ADJ
blj-559	359	11	structures	structure	NOUN
blj-559	359	12	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	359	13	making	make	VERB
blj-559	359	14	universal	universal	ADJ
blj-559	359	15	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	359	16	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	359	17	laws	law	NOUN
blj-559	359	18	across	across	ADP
blj-559	359	19	all	all	DET
blj-559	359	20	states	state	NOUN
blj-559	359	21	difficult	difficult	ADJ
blj-559	359	22	to	to	PART
blj-559	359	23	achieve	achieve	VERB
blj-559	359	24	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	359	25	the	the	DET
blj-559	359	26	categories	category	NOUN
blj-559	359	27	of	of	ADP
blj-559	359	28	identity	identity	NOUN
blj-559	359	29	that	that	PRON
blj-559	359	30	are	be	AUX
blj-559	359	31	legally	legally	ADV
blj-559	359	32	protected	protect	VERB
blj-559	359	33	should	should	AUX
blj-559	359	34	be	be	AUX
blj-559	359	35	consistent	consistent	ADJ
blj-559	359	36	within	within	ADP
blj-559	359	37	all	all	DET
blj-559	359	38	states	state	NOUN
blj-559	359	39	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	360	1	in	in	ADP
blj-559	360	2	order	order	NOUN
blj-559	360	3	to	to	PART
blj-559	360	4	effectively	effectively	ADV
blj-559	360	5	combat	combat	VERB
blj-559	360	6	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	360	7	experienced	experience	VERB
blj-559	360	8	by	by	ADP
blj-559	360	9	one	one	NUM
blj-559	360	10	marginalized	marginalize	VERB
blj-559	360	11	group	group	NOUN
blj-559	360	12	in	in	ADP
blj-559	360	13	one	one	NUM
blj-559	360	14	state	state	NOUN
blj-559	360	15	or	or	CCONJ
blj-559	360	16	location	location	NOUN
blj-559	360	17	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	360	18	it	it	PRON
blj-559	360	19	is	be	AUX
blj-559	360	20	essential	essential	ADJ
blj-559	360	21	to	to	PART
blj-559	360	22	send	send	VERB
blj-559	360	23	the	the	DET
blj-559	360	24	message	message	NOUN
blj-559	360	25	that	that	PRON
blj-559	360	26	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	360	27	toward	toward	ADP
blj-559	360	28	that	that	DET
blj-559	360	29	group	group	NOUN
blj-559	360	30	is	be	AUX
blj-559	360	31	not	not	PART
blj-559	360	32	tolerated	tolerate	VERB
blj-559	360	33	anywhere	anywhere	ADV
blj-559	360	34	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	361	1	furthermore	furthermore	ADV
blj-559	361	2	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	361	3	training	training	NOUN
blj-559	361	4	for	for	ADP
blj-559	361	5	law	law	NOUN
blj-559	361	6	enforcement	enforcement	NOUN
blj-559	361	7	officers	officer	NOUN
blj-559	361	8	in	in	ADP
blj-559	361	9	each	each	DET
blj-559	361	10	state	state	NOUN
blj-559	361	11	should	should	AUX
blj-559	361	12	be	be	AUX
blj-559	361	13	mandatory	mandatory	ADJ
blj-559	361	14	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	361	15	so	so	SCONJ
blj-559	361	16	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	361	17	they	they	PRON
blj-559	361	18	can	can	AUX
blj-559	361	19	accurately	accurately	ADV
blj-559	361	20	recognize	recognize	VERB
blj-559	361	21	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	361	22	report	report	VERB
blj-559	361	23	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	361	24	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	361	25	if	if	SCONJ
blj-559	361	26	they	they	PRON
blj-559	361	27	occur	occur	VERB
blj-559	361	28	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	361	29	ensure	ensure	VERB
blj-559	361	30	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	361	31	they	they	PRON
blj-559	361	32	are	be	AUX
blj-559	361	33	being	be	AUX
blj-559	361	34	entered	enter	VERB
blj-559	361	35	into	into	ADP
blj-559	361	36	the	the	DET
blj-559	361	37	system	system	NOUN
blj-559	361	38	accordingly	accordingly	ADV
blj-559	361	39	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	362	1	federal	federal	ADJ
blj-559	362	2	funding	funding	NOUN
blj-559	362	3	should	should	AUX
blj-559	362	4	be	be	AUX
blj-559	362	5	allocated	allocate	VERB
blj-559	362	6	to	to	ADP
blj-559	362	7	state	state	NOUN
blj-559	362	8	agencies	agency	NOUN
blj-559	362	9	to	to	PART
blj-559	362	10	ensure	ensure	VERB
blj-559	362	11	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	362	12	each	each	DET
blj-559	362	13	agency	agency	NOUN
blj-559	362	14	has	have	VERB
blj-559	362	15	the	the	DET
blj-559	362	16	resources	resource	NOUN
blj-559	362	17	necessary	necessary	ADJ
blj-559	362	18	to	to	PART
blj-559	362	19	accomplish	accomplish	VERB
blj-559	362	20	this	this	DET
blj-559	362	21	endeavor	endeavor	NOUN
blj-559	362	22	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	363	1	to	to	ADP
blj-559	363	2	that	that	DET
blj-559	363	3	end	end	NOUN
blj-559	363	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	363	5	it	it	PRON
blj-559	363	6	should	should	AUX
blj-559	363	7	be	be	AUX
blj-559	363	8	required	require	VERB
blj-559	363	9	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	363	10	all	all	DET
blj-559	363	11	states	state	NOUN
blj-559	363	12	report	report	VERB
blj-559	363	13	data	datum	NOUN
blj-559	363	14	of	of	ADP
blj-559	363	15	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	363	16	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	363	17	that	that	PRON
blj-559	363	18	occur	occur	VERB
blj-559	363	19	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	363	20	sentencing	sentencing	NOUN
blj-559	363	21	that	that	PRON
blj-559	363	22	follows	follow	VERB
blj-559	363	23	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	364	1	this	this	PRON
blj-559	364	2	may	may	AUX
blj-559	364	3	dissuade	dissuade	VERB
blj-559	364	4	potential	potential	ADJ
blj-559	364	5	perpetrators	perpetrator	NOUN
blj-559	364	6	from	from	ADP
blj-559	364	7	manifesting	manifest	VERB
blj-559	364	8	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	364	9	into	into	ADP
blj-559	364	10	action	action	NOUN
blj-559	364	11	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	364	12	sends	send	VERB
blj-559	364	13	a	a	DET
blj-559	364	14	message	message	NOUN
blj-559	364	15	to	to	ADP
blj-559	364	16	affected	affect	VERB
blj-559	364	17	communities	community	NOUN
blj-559	364	18	that	that	SCONJ
blj-559	364	19	their	their	PRON
blj-559	364	20	experiences	experience	NOUN
blj-559	364	21	are	be	AUX
blj-559	364	22	being	be	AUX
blj-559	364	23	taken	take	VERB
blj-559	364	24	seriously	seriously	ADV
blj-559	364	25	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	365	1	ways	way	NOUN
blj-559	365	2	to	to	PART
blj-559	365	3	report	report	VERB
blj-559	365	4	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	365	5	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	365	6	should	should	AUX
blj-559	365	7	be	be	AUX
blj-559	365	8	more	more	ADV
blj-559	365	9	accessible	accessible	ADJ
blj-559	365	10	for	for	ADP
blj-559	365	11	those	those	PRON
blj-559	365	12	who	who	PRON
blj-559	365	13	experience	experience	VERB
blj-559	365	14	them	they	PRON
blj-559	365	15	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	366	1	training	training	NOUN
blj-559	366	2	should	should	AUX
blj-559	366	3	be	be	AUX
blj-559	366	4	a	a	DET
blj-559	366	5	requirement	requirement	NOUN
blj-559	366	6	in	in	ADP
blj-559	366	7	schools	school	NOUN
blj-559	366	8	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	366	9	workplaces	workplace	NOUN
blj-559	366	10	to	to	PART
blj-559	366	11	spread	spread	VERB
blj-559	366	12	awareness	awareness	NOUN
blj-559	366	13	about	about	ADP
blj-559	366	14	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	366	15	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	366	16	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	366	17	help	help	VERB
blj-559	366	18	individuals	individual	NOUN
blj-559	366	19	who	who	PRON
blj-559	366	20	experience	experience	VERB
blj-559	366	21	them	they	PRON
blj-559	366	22	be	be	AUX
blj-559	366	23	able	able	ADJ
blj-559	366	24	to	to	PART
blj-559	366	25	accurately	accurately	ADV
blj-559	366	26	report	report	VERB
blj-559	366	27	them	they	PRON
blj-559	366	28	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	367	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
blj-559	367	2	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	367	3	it	it	PRON
blj-559	367	4	would	would	AUX
blj-559	367	5	be	be	AUX
blj-559	367	6	beneficial	beneficial	ADJ
blj-559	367	7	if	if	SCONJ
blj-559	367	8	there	there	PRON
blj-559	367	9	was	be	VERB
blj-559	367	10	a	a	DET
blj-559	367	11	hotline	hotline	NOUN
blj-559	367	12	in	in	ADP
blj-559	367	13	place	place	NOUN
blj-559	367	14	to	to	PART
blj-559	367	15	help	help	VERB
blj-559	367	16	victims	victim	NOUN
blj-559	367	17	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	367	18	provide	provide	VERB
blj-559	367	19	guidance	guidance	NOUN
blj-559	367	20	for	for	SCONJ
blj-559	367	21	how	how	SCONJ
blj-559	367	22	they	they	PRON
blj-559	367	23	can	can	AUX
blj-559	367	24	60	60	NUM
blj-559	367	25	brandeis	brandeis	PROPN
blj-559	367	26	university	university	PROPN
blj-559	367	27	law	law	PROPN
blj-559	367	28	journal	journal	NOUN
blj-559	367	29	fall	fall	VERB
blj-559	367	30	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	367	31	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	367	32	volume	volume	NOUN
blj-559	367	33	9	9	NUM
blj-559	367	34	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	367	35	issue	issue	NOUN
blj-559	367	36	1	1	NUM
blj-559	367	37	achieve	achieve	VERB
blj-559	367	38	justice	justice	NOUN
blj-559	367	39	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	368	1	if	if	SCONJ
blj-559	368	2	these	these	DET
blj-559	368	3	steps	step	NOUN
blj-559	368	4	are	be	AUX
blj-559	368	5	implemented	implement	VERB
blj-559	368	6	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	368	7	relationships	relationship	NOUN
blj-559	368	8	between	between	ADP
blj-559	368	9	victimized	victimize	VERB
blj-559	368	10	communities	community	NOUN
blj-559	368	11	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	368	12	law	law	NOUN
blj-559	368	13	enforcement	enforcement	NOUN
blj-559	368	14	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	368	15	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	368	16	legislators	legislator	NOUN
blj-559	368	17	could	could	AUX
blj-559	368	18	improve	improve	VERB
blj-559	368	19	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	368	20	individuals	individual	NOUN
blj-559	368	21	who	who	PRON
blj-559	368	22	experience	experience	VERB
blj-559	368	23	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	368	24	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	368	25	would	would	AUX
blj-559	368	26	feel	feel	VERB
blj-559	368	27	more	more	ADV
blj-559	368	28	comfortable	comfortable	ADJ
blj-559	368	29	coming	come	VERB
blj-559	368	30	forward	forward	ADV
blj-559	368	31	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	368	32	sharing	share	VERB
blj-559	368	33	their	their	PRON
blj-559	368	34	experiences	experience	NOUN
blj-559	368	35	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	368	36	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	368	37	assisting	assist	VERB
blj-559	368	38	in	in	ADP
blj-559	368	39	the	the	DET
blj-559	368	40	efforts	effort	NOUN
blj-559	368	41	for	for	ADP
blj-559	368	42	change	change	NOUN
blj-559	368	43	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	369	1	while	while	SCONJ
blj-559	369	2	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	369	3	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	369	4	legislation	legislation	NOUN
blj-559	369	5	is	be	AUX
blj-559	369	6	important	important	ADJ
blj-559	369	7	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	369	8	it	it	PRON
blj-559	369	9	is	be	AUX
blj-559	369	10	not	not	PART
blj-559	369	11	the	the	DET
blj-559	369	12	one	one	NUM
blj-559	369	13	solution	solution	NOUN
blj-559	369	14	to	to	ADP
blj-559	369	15	halting	halt	VERB
blj-559	369	16	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	369	17	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	369	18	for	for	ADP
blj-559	369	19	good	good	ADJ
blj-559	369	20	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	370	1	it	it	PRON
blj-559	370	2	is	be	AUX
blj-559	370	3	important	important	ADJ
blj-559	370	4	to	to	PART
blj-559	370	5	look	look	VERB
blj-559	370	6	outside	outside	ADP
blj-559	370	7	the	the	DET
blj-559	370	8	legal	legal	ADJ
blj-559	370	9	system	system	NOUN
blj-559	370	10	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	370	11	dismantle	dismantle	VERB
blj-559	370	12	or	or	CCONJ
blj-559	370	13	transform	transform	VERB
blj-559	370	14	systems	system	NOUN
blj-559	370	15	of	of	ADP
blj-559	370	16	oppression	oppression	NOUN
blj-559	370	17	that	that	PRON
blj-559	370	18	keep	keep	VERB
blj-559	370	19	marginalized	marginalize	VERB
blj-559	370	20	communities	community	NOUN
blj-559	370	21	marginalized	marginalize	VERB
blj-559	370	22	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	371	1	additionally	additionally	ADV
blj-559	371	2	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	371	3	because	because	SCONJ
blj-559	371	4	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	371	5	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	371	6	are	be	AUX
blj-559	371	7	often	often	ADV
blj-559	371	8	rooted	root	VERB
blj-559	371	9	in	in	ADP
blj-559	371	10	intolerance	intolerance	NOUN
blj-559	371	11	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	371	12	ignorance	ignorance	NOUN
blj-559	371	13	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	371	14	it	it	PRON
blj-559	371	15	is	be	AUX
blj-559	371	16	essential	essential	ADJ
blj-559	371	17	for	for	SCONJ
blj-559	371	18	there	there	PRON
blj-559	371	19	to	to	PART
blj-559	371	20	be	be	AUX
blj-559	371	21	educational	educational	ADJ
blj-559	371	22	efforts	effort	NOUN
blj-559	371	23	in	in	ADP
blj-559	371	24	schools	school	NOUN
blj-559	371	25	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	371	26	workplaces	workplace	NOUN
blj-559	371	27	to	to	PART
blj-559	371	28	help	help	VERB
blj-559	371	29	the	the	DET
blj-559	371	30	public	public	NOUN
blj-559	371	31	to	to	PART
blj-559	371	32	understand	understand	VERB
blj-559	371	33	each	each	DET
blj-559	371	34	other	other	ADJ
blj-559	371	35	’s	’s	PART
blj-559	371	36	differences	difference	NOUN
blj-559	371	37	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	371	38	rather	rather	ADV
blj-559	371	39	than	than	ADP
blj-559	371	40	fear	fear	VERB
blj-559	371	41	them	they	PRON
blj-559	371	42	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	372	1	there	there	PRON
blj-559	372	2	should	should	AUX
blj-559	372	3	be	be	AUX
blj-559	372	4	events	event	NOUN
blj-559	372	5	within	within	ADP
blj-559	372	6	communities	community	NOUN
blj-559	372	7	to	to	PART
blj-559	372	8	celebrate	celebrate	VERB
blj-559	372	9	different	different	ADJ
blj-559	372	10	cultures	culture	NOUN
blj-559	372	11	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	372	12	customs	custom	NOUN
blj-559	372	13	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	372	14	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	372	15	traditions	tradition	NOUN
blj-559	372	16	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	372	17	as	as	ADV
blj-559	372	18	well	well	ADV
blj-559	372	19	as	as	ADP
blj-559	372	20	more	more	ADJ
blj-559	372	21	local	local	ADJ
blj-559	372	22	efforts	effort	NOUN
blj-559	372	23	to	to	PART
blj-559	372	24	create	create	VERB
blj-559	372	25	community	community	NOUN
blj-559	372	26	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	372	27	unity	unity	NOUN
blj-559	372	28	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	373	1	for	for	ADP
blj-559	373	2	future	future	ADJ
blj-559	373	3	research	research	NOUN
blj-559	373	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	373	5	it	it	PRON
blj-559	373	6	would	would	AUX
blj-559	373	7	be	be	AUX
blj-559	373	8	interesting	interesting	ADJ
blj-559	373	9	to	to	PART
blj-559	373	10	assess	assess	VERB
blj-559	373	11	recent	recent	ADJ
blj-559	373	12	manifestations	manifestation	NOUN
blj-559	373	13	of	of	ADP
blj-559	373	14	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	373	15	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	373	16	such	such	ADJ
blj-559	373	17	as	as	ADP
blj-559	373	18	the	the	DET
blj-559	373	19	murder	murder	NOUN
blj-559	373	20	of	of	ADP
blj-559	373	21	george	george	PROPN
blj-559	373	22	floyd	floyd	PROPN
blj-559	373	23	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	373	24	through	through	ADP
blj-559	373	25	the	the	DET
blj-559	373	26	lens	lens	NOUN
blj-559	373	27	of	of	ADP
blj-559	373	28	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	373	29	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	373	30	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	373	31	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
blj-559	373	32	if	if	SCONJ
blj-559	373	33	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	373	34	how	how	SCONJ
blj-559	373	35	current	current	ADJ
blj-559	373	36	laws	law	NOUN
blj-559	373	37	would	would	AUX
blj-559	373	38	apply	apply	VERB
blj-559	373	39	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	374	1	61	61	NUM
blj-559	374	2	brandeis	brandeis	PROPN
blj-559	374	3	university	university	PROPN
blj-559	374	4	law	law	NOUN
blj-559	374	5	journal	journal	NOUN
blj-559	374	6	fall	fall	VERB
blj-559	374	7	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	374	8	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	374	9	volume	volume	NOUN
blj-559	374	10	9	9	NUM
blj-559	374	11	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	374	12	issue	issue	NOUN
blj-559	374	13	1	1	NUM
blj-559	374	14	works	work	NOUN
blj-559	374	15	cited	cite	VERB
blj-559	374	16	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	374	17	18	18	NUM
blj-559	374	18	u.s	u.s	PROPN
blj-559	374	19	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	374	20	code	code	PROPN
blj-559	374	21	§	§	PROPN
blj-559	374	22	241	241	NUM
blj-559	374	23	conspiracy	conspiracy	NOUN
blj-559	374	24	against	against	ADP
blj-559	374	25	rights	right	NOUN
blj-559	374	26	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	374	27	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	375	1	legal	legal	ADJ
blj-559	375	2	information	information	NOUN
blj-559	375	3	institute	institute	PROPN
blj-559	375	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	376	1	cornell	cornell	PROPN
blj-559	376	2	law	law	PROPN
blj-559	376	3	school	school	NOUN
blj-559	376	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	377	1	accessed	access	VERB
blj-559	377	2	may	may	PROPN
blj-559	377	3	5	5	NUM
blj-559	377	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	377	5	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	377	6	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	378	1	https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/18/241	https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/18/241	X
blj-559	378	2	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	379	1	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	379	2	18	18	NUM
blj-559	379	3	u.s	u.s	PROPN
blj-559	379	4	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	379	5	code	code	PROPN
blj-559	379	6	§	§	PROPN
blj-559	379	7	245	245	NUM
blj-559	379	8	federally	federally	ADV
blj-559	379	9	protected	protect	VERB
blj-559	379	10	activities	activity	NOUN
blj-559	379	11	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	379	12	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	380	1	legal	legal	ADJ
blj-559	380	2	information	information	NOUN
blj-559	380	3	institute	institute	PROPN
blj-559	380	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	381	1	cornell	cornell	PROPN
blj-559	381	2	law	law	PROPN
blj-559	381	3	school	school	NOUN
blj-559	381	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	382	1	accessed	access	VERB
blj-559	382	2	april	april	PROPN
blj-559	382	3	27	27	NUM
blj-559	382	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	382	5	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	382	6	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	383	1	https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/18/245	https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/18/245	PROPN
blj-559	383	2	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	384	1	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	384	2	18	18	NUM
blj-559	384	3	u.s	u.s	PROPN
blj-559	384	4	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	384	5	code	code	PROPN
blj-559	384	6	§	§	PROPN
blj-559	384	7	247	247	NUM
blj-559	384	8	damage	damage	NOUN
blj-559	384	9	to	to	ADP
blj-559	384	10	religious	religious	ADJ
blj-559	384	11	property	property	NOUN
blj-559	384	12	;	;	PUNCT
blj-559	384	13	obstruction	obstruction	NOUN
blj-559	384	14	of	of	ADP
blj-559	384	15	persons	person	NOUN
blj-559	384	16	in	in	ADP
blj-559	384	17	the	the	DET
blj-559	384	18	free	free	ADJ
blj-559	384	19	exercise	exercise	NOUN
blj-559	384	20	of	of	ADP
blj-559	384	21	religious	religious	ADJ
blj-559	384	22	beliefs	belief	NOUN
blj-559	384	23	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	384	24	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	385	1	legal	legal	ADJ
blj-559	385	2	information	information	NOUN
blj-559	385	3	institute	institute	PROPN
blj-559	385	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	386	1	cornell	cornell	PROPN
blj-559	386	2	law	law	PROPN
blj-559	386	3	school	school	NOUN
blj-559	386	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	387	1	accessed	access	VERB
blj-559	387	2	may	may	PROPN
blj-559	387	3	7	7	NUM
blj-559	387	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	387	5	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	387	6	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	388	1	https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/18/247	https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/18/247	PROPN
blj-559	388	2	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	389	1	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	389	2	2010	2010	NUM
blj-559	389	3	pennsylvania	pennsylvania	PROPN
blj-559	389	4	code	code	PROPN
blj-559	389	5	title	title	NOUN
blj-559	389	6	18	18	NUM
blj-559	389	7	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	389	8	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	389	9	offenses	offense	NOUN
blj-559	389	10	chapter	chapter	NOUN
blj-559	389	11	27	27	NUM
blj-559	389	12	assault	assault	NOUN
blj-559	389	13	2710	2710	NUM
blj-559	389	14	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ
blj-559	389	15	intimidation	intimidation	NOUN
blj-559	389	16	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	389	17	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	390	1	justia	justia	PROPN
blj-559	390	2	us	us	PROPN
blj-559	390	3	law	law	NOUN
blj-559	390	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	391	1	justia	justia	PROPN
blj-559	391	2	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	392	1	accessed	access	VERB
blj-559	392	2	may	may	PROPN
blj-559	392	3	7	7	NUM
blj-559	392	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	392	5	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	392	6	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	393	1	https://law.justia.com/codes/pennsylvania/2010/title18/chapter-27/2710	https://law.justia.com/codes/pennsylvania/2010/title18/chapter-27/2710	ADJ
blj-559	393	2	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	394	1	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	394	2	42	42	NUM
blj-559	394	3	u.s	u.s	PROPN
blj-559	394	4	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	394	5	code	code	PROPN
blj-559	394	6	§	§	PROPN
blj-559	394	7	 	 	SPACE
blj-559	394	8	3631.violations	3631.violation	NOUN
blj-559	394	9	;	;	PUNCT
blj-559	394	10	penalties	penalty	NOUN
blj-559	394	11	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	394	12	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	395	1	legal	legal	ADJ
blj-559	395	2	information	information	NOUN
blj-559	395	3	institute	institute	PROPN
blj-559	395	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	396	1	cornell	cornell	PROPN
blj-559	396	2	law	law	PROPN
blj-559	396	3	school	school	NOUN
blj-559	396	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	397	1	accessed	access	VERB
blj-559	397	2	may	may	PROPN
blj-559	397	3	7	7	NUM
blj-559	397	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	397	5	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	397	6	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	398	1	https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/42/3631	https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/42/3631	PROPN
blj-559	398	2	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	399	1	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	399	2	alabama	alabama	PROPN
blj-559	399	3	only	only	ADV
blj-559	399	4	state	state	NOUN
blj-559	399	5	in	in	ADP
blj-559	399	6	u.s	u.s	PROPN
blj-559	399	7	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	399	8	to	to	PART
blj-559	399	9	report	report	VERB
blj-559	399	10	zero	zero	NUM
blj-559	399	11	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	399	12	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	399	13	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	399	14	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	400	1	adl	adl	PROPN
blj-559	400	2	atlanta	atlanta	PROPN
blj-559	400	3	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	401	1	anti	anti	ADJ
blj-559	401	2	-	-	ADJ
blj-559	401	3	defamation	defamation	ADJ
blj-559	401	4	league	league	NOUN
blj-559	401	5	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	401	6	november	november	PROPN
blj-559	401	7	16	16	NUM
blj-559	401	8	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	401	9	2020	2020	NUM
blj-559	401	10	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	402	1	https://atlanta.adl.org/news/alabama-only-state-in-u-s-to-report-zero-hatecrimes/.	https://atlanta.adl.org/news/alabama-only-state-in-u-s-to-report-zero-hatecrimes/.	PROPN
blj-559	402	2	amy	amy	PROPN
blj-559	402	3	feinman	feinman	PROPN
blj-559	402	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	402	5	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	402	6	marblehead	marblehead	NOUN
blj-559	402	7	police	police	NOUN
blj-559	402	8	training	training	NOUN
blj-559	402	9	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	402	10	(	(	PUNCT
blj-559	402	11	zoom	zoom	NOUN
blj-559	402	12	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	402	13	april	april	PROPN
blj-559	402	14	21	21	NUM
blj-559	402	15	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	402	16	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	402	17	)	)	PUNCT
blj-559	402	18	feinman	feinman	NOUN
blj-559	402	19	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	402	20	amy	amy	PROPN
blj-559	402	21	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	402	22	northeast	northeast	ADJ
blj-559	402	23	area	area	NOUN
blj-559	402	24	civil	civil	ADJ
blj-559	402	25	rights	right	NOUN
blj-559	402	26	counsel	counsel	NOUN
blj-559	402	27	at	at	ADP
blj-559	402	28	anti	anti	ADJ
blj-559	402	29	-	-	ADJ
blj-559	402	30	defamation	defamation	ADJ
blj-559	402	31	league	league	NOUN
blj-559	402	32	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	403	1	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	403	2	interview	interview	NOUN
blj-559	403	3	with	with	ADP
blj-559	403	4	jessica	jessica	PROPN
blj-559	403	5	daniel	daniel	PROPN
blj-559	403	6	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	403	7	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	404	1	april	april	PROPN
blj-559	404	2	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	404	3	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	405	1	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	405	2	audit	audit	NOUN
blj-559	405	3	of	of	ADP
blj-559	405	4	antisemitic	antisemitic	ADJ
blj-559	405	5	incidents	incident	NOUN
blj-559	405	6	2020	2020	NUM
blj-559	405	7	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	405	8	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	406	1	anti	anti	ADJ
blj-559	406	2	-	-	ADJ
blj-559	406	3	defamation	defamation	ADJ
blj-559	406	4	league	league	NOUN
blj-559	406	5	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	407	1	anti	anti	ADJ
blj-559	407	2	-	-	ADJ
blj-559	407	3	defamation	defamation	ADJ
blj-559	407	4	league	league	NOUN
blj-559	407	5	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	407	6	april	april	PROPN
blj-559	407	7	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	407	8	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	408	1	https://www.adl.org/audit2020#executive-summary	https://www.adl.org/audit2020#executive-summary	PROPN
blj-559	408	2	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	409	1	62	62	NUM
blj-559	409	2	https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/18/241	https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/18/241	VERB
blj-559	409	3	https://www.adl.org/audit2020#executive-summary	https://www.adl.org/audit2020#executive-summary	PROPN
blj-559	409	4	https://atlanta.adl.org/news/alabama-only-state-in-u-s-to-report-zero-hate-crimes/	https://atlanta.adl.org/news/alabama-only-state-in-u-s-to-report-zero-hate-crimes/	PROPN
blj-559	409	5	https://atlanta.adl.org/news/alabama-only-state-in-u-s-to-report-zero-hate-crimes/	https://atlanta.adl.org/news/alabama-only-state-in-u-s-to-report-zero-hate-crimes/	PROPN
blj-559	409	6	https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/42/3631	https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/42/3631	NOUN
blj-559	409	7	https://law.justia.com/codes/pennsylvania/2010/title-18/chapter-27/2710	https://law.justia.com/codes/pennsylvania/2010/title-18/chapter-27/2710	ADJ
blj-559	409	8	https://law.justia.com/codes/pennsylvania/2010/title-18/chapter-27/2710	https://law.justia.com/codes/pennsylvania/2010/title-18/chapter-27/2710	ADJ
blj-559	409	9	https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/18/247	https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/18/247	PROPN
blj-559	409	10	https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/18/245	https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/18/245	PROPN
blj-559	409	11	brandeis	brandeis	PROPN
blj-559	409	12	university	university	PROPN
blj-559	409	13	law	law	PROPN
blj-559	409	14	journal	journal	NOUN
blj-559	409	15	fall	fall	VERB
blj-559	409	16	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	409	17	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	409	18	volume	volume	NOUN
blj-559	409	19	9	9	NUM
blj-559	409	20	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	409	21	issue	issue	NOUN
blj-559	409	22	1	1	NUM
blj-559	409	23	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	409	24	bias	bias	NOUN
blj-559	409	25	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	409	26	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	409	27	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	409	28	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	409	29	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	410	1	pennsylvania	pennsylvania	PROPN
blj-559	410	2	human	human	PROPN
blj-559	410	3	rights	rights	PROPN
blj-559	410	4	commission	commission	PROPN
blj-559	410	5	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	411	1	commonwealth	commonwealth	PROPN
blj-559	411	2	of	of	ADP
blj-559	411	3	pennsylvania	pennsylvania	PROPN
blj-559	411	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	411	5	https://www.phrc.pa.gov/resources/pages/	https://www.phrc.pa.gov/resources/pages/	PROPN
blj-559	411	6	hate-crime.aspx	hate-crime.aspx	PROPN
blj-559	411	7	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	412	1	boren	boren	PROPN
blj-559	412	2	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	412	3	michael	michael	PROPN
blj-559	412	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	413	1	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	413	2	pa	pa	PROPN
blj-559	413	3	expands	expand	VERB
blj-559	413	4	protections	protection	NOUN
blj-559	413	5	for	for	ADP
blj-559	413	6	lgbt	lgbt	PROPN
blj-559	413	7	people	people	NOUN
blj-559	413	8	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	413	9	but	but	CCONJ
blj-559	413	10	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	413	11	-	-	PUNCT
blj-559	413	12	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	413	13	law	law	NOUN
blj-559	413	14	still	still	ADV
blj-559	413	15	does	do	AUX
blj-559	413	16	n’t	not	PART
blj-559	413	17	include	include	VERB
blj-559	413	18	them	they	PRON
blj-559	413	19	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	413	20	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	414	1	the	the	DET
blj-559	414	2	philadelphia	philadelphia	PROPN
blj-559	414	3	inquirer	inquirer	NOUN
blj-559	414	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	415	1	the	the	DET
blj-559	415	2	philadelphia	philadelphia	PROPN
blj-559	415	3	inquirer	inquirer	PROPN
blj-559	415	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	415	5	august	august	PROPN
blj-559	415	6	27	27	NUM
blj-559	415	7	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	415	8	2018	2018	NUM
blj-559	415	9	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	416	1	https://www.inquirer.com/philly/news/pennsylvania/lgbt-hate-crimespennsylvania-human-relations-commission-20180817.html	https://www.inquirer.com/philly/news/pennsylvania/lgbt-hate-crimespennsylvania-human-relations-commission-20180817.html	PROPN
blj-559	416	2	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	417	1	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	417	2	covid	covid	VERB
blj-559	417	3	'	'	PUNCT
blj-559	417	4	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	417	5	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	417	6	'	'	PART
blj-559	417	7	against	against	ADP
blj-559	417	8	asian	asian	ADJ
blj-559	417	9	americans	americans	PROPN
blj-559	417	10	on	on	ADP
blj-559	417	11	the	the	DET
blj-559	417	12	rise	rise	NOUN
blj-559	417	13	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	417	14	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	418	1	bbc	bbc	PROPN
blj-559	418	2	news	news	PROPN
blj-559	418	3	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	418	4	april	april	PROPN
blj-559	418	5	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	418	6	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	419	1	https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-56218684	https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-56218684	PROPN
blj-559	419	2	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	420	1	donna	donna	PROPN
blj-559	420	2	m.	m.	PROPN
blj-559	420	3	evans	evans	PROPN
blj-559	420	4	;	;	PUNCT
blj-559	420	5	colleen	colleen	PROPN
blj-559	420	6	b.	b.	PROPN
blj-559	420	7	mcelhaney	mcelhaney	PROPN
blj-559	420	8	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	420	9	"	"	PUNCT
blj-559	420	10	historical	historical	ADJ
blj-559	420	11	overview	overview	NOUN
blj-559	420	12	:	:	PUNCT
blj-559	420	13	massachusetts	massachusetts	PROPN
blj-559	420	14	court	court	PROPN
blj-559	420	15	decisions	decision	NOUN
blj-559	420	16	shaping	shape	VERB
blj-559	420	17	federal	federal	ADJ
blj-559	420	18	constitutional	constitutional	ADJ
blj-559	420	19	law	law	NOUN
blj-559	420	20	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	420	21	"	"	PUNCT
blj-559	420	22	boston	boston	PROPN
blj-559	420	23	bar	bar	PROPN
blj-559	420	24	journal	journal	NOUN
blj-559	420	25	44	44	NUM
blj-559	420	26	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	420	27	no	no	INTJ
blj-559	420	28	.	.	NOUN
blj-559	420	29	1	1	NUM
blj-559	420	30	(	(	PUNCT
blj-559	420	31	january	january	PROPN
blj-559	420	32	/	/	SYM
blj-559	420	33	february	february	PROPN
blj-559	420	34	2000	2000	NUM
blj-559	420	35	):	):	PUNCT
blj-559	420	36	20-[ii	20-[ii	NOUN
blj-559	420	37	]	]	PUNCT
blj-559	420	38	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	420	39	federalism	federalism	NOUN
blj-559	420	40	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	420	41	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	420	42	criminal	criminal	ADJ
blj-559	420	43	law	law	NOUN
blj-559	420	44	by	by	ADP
blj-559	420	45	university	university	PROPN
blj-559	420	46	of	of	ADP
blj-559	420	47	minnesota	minnesota	PROPN
blj-559	420	48	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	421	1	university	university	PROPN
blj-559	421	2	of	of	ADP
blj-559	421	3	minnesota	minnesota	PROPN
blj-559	421	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	422	1	accessed	access	VERB
blj-559	422	2	may	may	PROPN
blj-559	422	3	5	5	NUM
blj-559	422	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	422	5	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	422	6	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	423	1	https://open.lib.umn.edu/criminallaw/	https://open.lib.umn.edu/criminallaw/	PRON
blj-559	423	2	chapter/1	chapter/1	NOUN
blj-559	423	3	-	-	PUNCT
blj-559	423	4	1	1	NUM
blj-559	423	5	-	-	PUNCT
blj-559	423	6	federalism/.	federalism/.	NOUN
blj-559	423	7	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	423	8	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	423	9	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	423	10	case	case	NOUN
blj-559	423	11	examples	example	NOUN
blj-559	423	12	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	423	13	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	424	1	united	united	PROPN
blj-559	424	2	states	states	PROPN
blj-559	424	3	department	department	PROPN
blj-559	424	4	of	of	ADP
blj-559	424	5	justice	justice	PROPN
blj-559	424	6	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	425	1	u.s	u.s	PROPN
blj-559	425	2	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	425	3	department	department	PROPN
blj-559	425	4	of	of	ADP
blj-559	425	5	justice	justice	PROPN
blj-559	425	6	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	426	1	accessed	access	VERB
blj-559	426	2	may	may	PROPN
blj-559	426	3	5	5	NUM
blj-559	426	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	426	5	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	426	6	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	427	1	https://www.justice.gov/hatecrimes/hate-crimes-case-examples	https://www.justice.gov/hatecrimes/hate-crimes-case-example	NOUN
blj-559	427	2	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	428	1	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	428	2	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	428	3	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	428	4	law	law	NOUN
blj-559	428	5	in	in	ADP
blj-559	428	6	massachusetts	massachusetts	PROPN
blj-559	428	7	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	428	8	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	429	1	mass.gov	mass.gov	PROPN
blj-559	429	2	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	430	1	commonwealth	commonwealth	PROPN
blj-559	430	2	of	of	ADP
blj-559	430	3	massachusetts	massachusetts	PROPN
blj-559	430	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	431	1	accessed	access	VERB
blj-559	431	2	may	may	PROPN
blj-559	431	3	7	7	NUM
blj-559	431	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	431	5	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	431	6	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	432	1	https://blog.mass.gov/masslawlib/legal-topics/hate-crime-law-inmassachusetts/.	https://blog.mass.gov/masslawlib/legal-topics/hate-crime-law-inmassachusetts/.	PRON
blj-559	432	2	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	432	3	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	432	4	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	432	5	laws	law	NOUN
blj-559	432	6	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	432	7	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	433	1	anti	anti	ADJ
blj-559	433	2	-	-	ADJ
blj-559	433	3	defamation	defamation	ADJ
blj-559	433	4	league	league	NOUN
blj-559	433	5	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	434	1	anti	anti	ADJ
blj-559	434	2	-	-	ADJ
blj-559	434	3	defamation	defamation	ADJ
blj-559	434	4	league	league	NOUN
blj-559	434	5	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	434	6	2012	2012	NUM
blj-559	434	7	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	435	1	https://www.adl.org/sites/default/files/documents/assets/pdf/combating-hate/	https://www.adl.org/sites/default/files/documents/assets/pdf/combating-hate/	ADV
blj-559	435	2	hate-crimes-law.pdf	hate-crimes-law.pdf	PROPN
blj-559	435	3	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	436	1	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	436	2	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	436	3	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	436	4	statistics	statistic	NOUN
blj-559	436	5	(	(	PUNCT
blj-559	436	6	2019	2019	NUM
blj-559	436	7	)	)	PUNCT
blj-559	436	8	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	436	9	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	437	1	the	the	DET
blj-559	437	2	united	united	PROPN
blj-559	437	3	states	states	PROPN
blj-559	437	4	department	department	PROPN
blj-559	437	5	of	of	ADP
blj-559	437	6	justice	justice	PROPN
blj-559	437	7	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	438	1	u.s	u.s	PROPN
blj-559	438	2	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	438	3	department	department	PROPN
blj-559	438	4	of	of	ADP
blj-559	438	5	justice	justice	PROPN
blj-559	438	6	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	438	7	2019	2019	NUM
blj-559	438	8	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	439	1	https://www.justice.gov/hatecrimes/hate-crime-statistics	https://www.justice.gov/hatecrimes/hate-crime-statistic	NOUN
blj-559	439	2	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	439	3	63	63	NUM
blj-559	439	4	https://www.justice.gov/hatecrimes/hate-crime-statistics	https://www.justice.gov/hatecrimes/hate-crime-statistics	PROPN
blj-559	439	5	https://www.adl.org/sites/default/files/documents/assets/pdf/combating-hate/hate-crimes-law.pdf	https://www.adl.org/sites/default/files/documents/assets/pdf/combating-hate/hate-crimes-law.pdf	PROPN
blj-559	439	6	https://www.adl.org/sites/default/files/documents/assets/pdf/combating-hate/hate-crimes-law.pdf	https://www.adl.org/sites/default/files/documents/assets/pdf/combating-hate/hate-crimes-law.pdf	PROPN
blj-559	439	7	https://blog.mass.gov/masslawlib/legal-topics/hate-crime-law-in-massachusetts/	https://blog.mass.gov/masslawlib/legal-topics/hate-crime-law-in-massachusetts/	PROPN
blj-559	439	8	https://blog.mass.gov/masslawlib/legal-topics/hate-crime-law-in-massachusetts/	https://blog.mass.gov/masslawlib/legal-topics/hate-crime-law-in-massachusetts/	PROPN
blj-559	439	9	https://www.justice.gov/hatecrimes/hate-crimes-case-examples	https://www.justice.gov/hatecrimes/hate-crimes-case-examples	X
blj-559	439	10	https://open.lib.umn.edu/criminallaw/chapter/1-1-federalism/	https://open.lib.umn.edu/criminallaw/chapter/1-1-federalism/	X
blj-559	439	11	https://open.lib.umn.edu/criminallaw/chapter/1-1-federalism/	https://open.lib.umn.edu/criminallaw/chapter/1-1-federalism/	X
blj-559	440	1	https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-56218684	https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-56218684	PROPN
blj-559	440	2	https://www.inquirer.com/philly/news/pennsylvania/lgbt-hate-crimes-pennsylvania-human-relations-commission-20180817.html	https://www.inquirer.com/philly/news/pennsylvania/lgbt-hate-crimes-pennsylvania-human-relations-commission-20180817.html	PROPN
blj-559	440	3	https://www.inquirer.com/philly/news/pennsylvania/lgbt-hate-crimes-pennsylvania-human-relations-commission-20180817.html	https://www.inquirer.com/philly/news/pennsylvania/lgbt-hate-crimes-pennsylvania-human-relations-commission-20180817.html	PROPN
blj-559	441	1	https://www.phrc.pa.gov/resources/pages/hate-crime.aspx	https://www.phrc.pa.gov/resources/pages/hate-crime.aspx	X
blj-559	441	2	https://www.phrc.pa.gov/resources/pages/hate-crime.aspx	https://www.phrc.pa.gov/resources/pages/hate-crime.aspx	PROPN
blj-559	441	3	brandeis	brandeis	PROPN
blj-559	441	4	university	university	PROPN
blj-559	441	5	law	law	PROPN
blj-559	441	6	journal	journal	NOUN
blj-559	441	7	fall	fall	VERB
blj-559	441	8	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	441	9	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	441	10	volume	volume	NOUN
blj-559	441	11	9	9	NUM
blj-559	441	12	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	441	13	issue	issue	NOUN
blj-559	441	14	1	1	NUM
blj-559	441	15	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	441	16	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	441	17	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	441	18	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	441	19	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	442	1	office	office	NOUN
blj-559	442	2	of	of	ADP
blj-559	442	3	attorney	attorney	PROPN
blj-559	442	4	general	general	PROPN
blj-559	442	5	josh	josh	PROPN
blj-559	442	6	shapiro	shapiro	PROPN
blj-559	442	7	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	443	1	office	office	NOUN
blj-559	443	2	of	of	ADP
blj-559	443	3	attorney	attorney	PROPN
blj-559	443	4	general	general	PROPN
blj-559	443	5	commonwealth	commonwealth	PROPN
blj-559	443	6	of	of	ADP
blj-559	443	7	pennsylvania	pennsylvania	PROPN
blj-559	443	8	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	443	9	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	443	10	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	444	1	https://www.attorneygeneral.gov/protect-yourself/civil-rights/hate-crime/.	https://www.attorneygeneral.gov/protect-yourself/civil-rights/hate-crime/.	PROPN
blj-559	444	2	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	444	3	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	444	4	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	444	5	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	444	6	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	445	1	office	office	NOUN
blj-559	445	2	of	of	ADP
blj-559	445	3	attorney	attorney	PROPN
blj-559	445	4	general	general	PROPN
blj-559	445	5	josh	josh	PROPN
blj-559	445	6	shapiro	shapiro	PROPN
blj-559	445	7	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	446	1	office	office	NOUN
blj-559	446	2	of	of	ADP
blj-559	446	3	the	the	DET
blj-559	446	4	attorney	attorney	NOUN
blj-559	446	5	general	general	NOUN
blj-559	446	6	of	of	ADP
blj-559	446	7	the	the	DET
blj-559	446	8	commonwealth	commonwealth	PROPN
blj-559	446	9	of	of	ADP
blj-559	446	10	pennsylvania	pennsylvania	PROPN
blj-559	446	11	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	447	1	accessed	access	VERB
blj-559	447	2	may	may	PROPN
blj-559	447	3	7	7	NUM
blj-559	447	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	447	5	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	447	6	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	448	1	https://www.attorneygeneral.gov/protect-yourself/civil-rights/	https://www.attorneygeneral.gov/protect-yourself/civil-rights/	PROPN
blj-559	448	2	hate	hate	AUX
blj-559	448	3	-	-	PUNCT
blj-559	448	4	crime/.	crime/.	NOUN
blj-559	448	5	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	448	6	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	448	7	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	448	8	timeline	timeline	NOUN
blj-559	448	9	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	448	10	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	449	1	the	the	DET
blj-559	449	2	human	human	ADJ
blj-559	449	3	rights	right	NOUN
blj-559	449	4	campaign	campaign	NOUN
blj-559	449	5	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	450	1	the	the	DET
blj-559	450	2	human	human	ADJ
blj-559	450	3	rights	right	NOUN
blj-559	450	4	campaign	campaign	NOUN
blj-559	450	5	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	451	1	accessed	access	VERB
blj-559	451	2	may	may	PROPN
blj-559	451	3	5	5	NUM
blj-559	451	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	451	5	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	451	6	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	452	1	https://www.hrc.org/resources/hate-crimes-timeline	https://www.hrc.org/resources/hate-crimes-timeline	PROPN
blj-559	452	2	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	453	1	levin	levin	PROPN
blj-559	453	2	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	453	3	jack	jack	PROPN
blj-559	453	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	453	5	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	453	6	jack	jack	PROPN
blj-559	453	7	mcdevitt	mcdevitt	PROPN
blj-559	453	8	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	454	1	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	454	2	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	454	3	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	454	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	454	5	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	455	1	encyclopedia	encyclopedia	NOUN
blj-559	455	2	of	of	ADP
blj-559	455	3	peace	peace	NOUN
blj-559	455	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	455	5	violence	violence	NOUN
blj-559	455	6	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	455	7	conflict	conflict	NOUN
blj-559	455	8	2	2	NUM
blj-559	455	9	(	(	PUNCT
blj-559	455	10	2008	2008	NUM
blj-559	455	11	)	)	PUNCT
blj-559	455	12	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	456	1	https://jacklevinonviolence.com/articles/hatecrimesencyc92206final.pdf	https://jacklevinonviolence.com/articles/hatecrimesencyc92206final.pdf	PROPN
blj-559	456	2	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	457	1	lisinski	lisinski	PROPN
blj-559	457	2	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	457	3	chris	chris	PROPN
blj-559	457	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	458	1	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	458	2	massachusetts	massachusetts	PROPN
blj-559	458	3	attorney	attorney	PROPN
blj-559	458	4	general	general	PROPN
blj-559	458	5	maura	maura	PROPN
blj-559	458	6	healey	healey	PROPN
blj-559	458	7	:	:	PUNCT
blj-559	458	8	times	time	NOUN
blj-559	458	9	call	call	VERB
blj-559	458	10	for	for	ADP
blj-559	458	11	overhaul	overhaul	NOUN
blj-559	458	12	of	of	ADP
blj-559	458	13	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	458	14	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	458	15	laws	law	NOUN
blj-559	458	16	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	458	17	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	459	1	the	the	DET
blj-559	459	2	lowell	lowell	PROPN
blj-559	459	3	sun	sun	PROPN
blj-559	459	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	459	5	march	march	PROPN
blj-559	459	6	31	31	NUM
blj-559	459	7	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	459	8	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	459	9	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	460	1	https://www.lowellsun.com/2021/03/31/healey-times-call-foroverhaul-of-hate-crime-laws/.	https://www.lowellsun.com/2021/03/31/healey-times-call-foroverhaul-of-hate-crime-laws/.	PRON
blj-559	460	2	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	460	3	matthew	matthew	PROPN
blj-559	460	4	shepard	shepard	PROPN
blj-559	460	5	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	460	6	james	james	PROPN
blj-559	460	7	byrd	byrd	PROPN
blj-559	460	8	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	460	9	jr	jr	PROPN
blj-559	460	10	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	460	11	hate	hate	PROPN
blj-559	460	12	crimes	crimes	PROPN
blj-559	460	13	prevention	prevention	PROPN
blj-559	460	14	act	act	PROPN
blj-559	460	15	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	460	16	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	461	1	legal	legal	ADJ
blj-559	461	2	information	information	NOUN
blj-559	461	3	institute	institute	PROPN
blj-559	461	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	462	1	cornell	cornell	PROPN
blj-559	462	2	law	law	PROPN
blj-559	462	3	school	school	NOUN
blj-559	462	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	463	1	accessed	access	VERB
blj-559	463	2	may	may	PROPN
blj-559	463	3	5	5	NUM
blj-559	463	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	463	5	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	463	6	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	464	1	https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/matthew_shepard_and_james_byrd_jr_hat	https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/matthew_shepard_and_james_byrd_jr_hat	DET
blj-559	464	2	e_crimes_prevention_act	e_crimes_prevention_act	PROPN
blj-559	464	3	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	465	1	morava	morava	PROPN
blj-559	465	2	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	465	3	maria	maria	PROPN
blj-559	465	4	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	465	5	saba	saba	PROPN
blj-559	465	6	hamedy	hamedy	PROPN
blj-559	465	7	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	466	1	"	"	PUNCT
blj-559	466	2	49	49	NUM
blj-559	466	3	states	state	NOUN
blj-559	466	4	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	466	5	territories	territory	NOUN
blj-559	466	6	have	have	AUX
blj-559	466	7	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	466	8	crime	crime	NOUN
blj-559	466	9	laws	law	NOUN
blj-559	466	10	-but	-but	PUNCT
blj-559	467	1	they	they	PRON
blj-559	467	2	vary	vary	VERB
blj-559	467	3	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	467	4	"	"	PUNCT
blj-559	468	1	cnn	cnn	PROPN
blj-559	468	2	wire	wire	PROPN
blj-559	468	3	service	service	PROPN
blj-559	468	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	468	5	mar	mar	PROPN
blj-559	468	6	17	17	NUM
blj-559	468	7	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	468	8	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	468	9	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	469	1	https://search.proquest.com/wire-feeds/49-states-territories-have-hate-crimelaws-they/docview/2501895775/se-2?accountid=9703	https://search.proquest.com/wire-feeds/49-states-territories-have-hate-crimelaws-they/docview/2501895775/se-2?accountid=9703	NOUN
blj-559	469	2	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	470	1	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	470	2	police	police	NOUN
blj-559	470	3	powers	power	NOUN
blj-559	470	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	470	5	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	471	1	legal	legal	ADJ
blj-559	471	2	information	information	NOUN
blj-559	471	3	institute	institute	PROPN
blj-559	471	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	472	1	cornell	cornell	PROPN
blj-559	472	2	law	law	PROPN
blj-559	472	3	school	school	NOUN
blj-559	472	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	473	1	accessed	access	VERB
blj-559	473	2	may	may	PROPN
blj-559	473	3	5	5	NUM
blj-559	473	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	473	5	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	473	6	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	474	1	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	474	2	federalism	federalism	NOUN
blj-559	474	3	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	474	4	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	474	5	criminal	criminal	ADJ
blj-559	474	6	law	law	NOUN
blj-559	474	7	by	by	ADP
blj-559	474	8	university	university	PROPN
blj-559	474	9	of	of	ADP
blj-559	474	10	minnesota	minnesota	PROPN
blj-559	474	11	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	475	1	university	university	PROPN
blj-559	475	2	of	of	ADP
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blj-559	476	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	476	5	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	476	6	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	477	1	https://open.lib.umn.edu/criminallaw/chapter/1-1-federalism/.	https://open.lib.umn.edu/criminallaw/chapter/1-1-federalism/.	PROPN
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blj-559	478	18	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	478	19	,	,	PUNCT
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blj-559	478	22	,	,	PUNCT
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blj-559	478	24	1	1	NUM
blj-559	478	25	“	"	PUNCT
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blj-559	479	1	american	american	PROPN
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blj-559	480	7	.	.	PUNCT
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blj-559	481	2	.	.	PUNCT
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blj-559	482	2	,	,	PUNCT
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blj-559	482	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	483	1	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	483	2	two	two	NUM
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blj-559	483	11	puerto	puerto	PROPN
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blj-559	483	14	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	484	1	https://www.advocate.com/crime/2020/5/14/twomen-indicted-murders-transgender-women-puerto-rico	https://www.advocate.com/crime/2020/5/14/twomen-indicted-murders-transgender-women-puerto-rico	PROPN
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blj-559	484	5	may	may	AUX
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blj-559	484	7	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	484	8	2020	2020	NUM
blj-559	484	9	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	485	1	https://www.advocate.com/crime/2020/5/14/two-men-indictedmurders-transgender-women-puerto-rico	https://www.advocate.com/crime/2020/5/14/two-men-indictedmurders-transgender-women-puerto-rico	X
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blj-559	486	2	,	,	PUNCT
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blj-559	486	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	487	1	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	487	2	marking	mark	VERB
blj-559	487	3	the	the	DET
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blj-559	487	5	year	year	NOUN
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blj-559	487	8	,	,	PUNCT
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blj-559	487	12	on	on	ADP
blj-559	487	13	violence	violence	NOUN
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blj-559	487	15	transgender	transgender	NOUN
blj-559	487	16	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	487	17	gender	gender	NOUN
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blj-559	487	19	people	people	NOUN
blj-559	487	20	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	487	21	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	488	1	the	the	DET
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blj-559	488	5	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	489	1	the	the	DET
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blj-559	489	3	rights	right	NOUN
blj-559	489	4	campaign	campaign	NOUN
blj-559	489	5	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	489	6	november	november	PROPN
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blj-559	489	8	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	489	9	2020	2020	NUM
blj-559	489	10	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	490	1	https://www.hrc.org/press-releases/marking-the-deadliest-year-on-recordhrc-releases-report-on-violence-against-transgender-and-gender-nonconforming-people	https://www.hrc.org/press-releases/marking-the-deadliest-year-on-recordhrc-releases-report-on-violence-against-transgender-and-gender-nonconforming-people	NOUN
blj-559	490	2	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	491	1	ross	ross	PROPN
blj-559	491	2	,	,	PUNCT
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blj-559	491	4	.	.	PUNCT
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blj-559	492	4	n’t	not	PART
blj-559	492	5	agree	agree	VERB
blj-559	492	6	on	on	ADP
blj-559	492	7	which	which	PRON
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blj-559	492	9	are	be	AUX
blj-559	492	10	hate	hate	VERB
blj-559	492	11	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	492	12	:	:	PUNCT
blj-559	492	13	what	what	PRON
blj-559	492	14	an	an	DET
blj-559	492	15	image	image	NOUN
blj-559	492	16	about	about	ADP
blj-559	492	17	the	the	DET
blj-559	492	18	care	care	NOUN
blj-559	492	19	and	and	CCONJ
blj-559	492	20	pace	pace	NOUN
blj-559	492	21	of	of	ADP
blj-559	492	22	investigating	investigate	VERB
blj-559	492	23	a	a	DET
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blj-559	492	25	baton	baton	NOUN
blj-559	492	26	rouge	rouge	NOUN
blj-559	492	27	man	man	NOUN
blj-559	492	28	possibly	possibly	ADV
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blj-559	492	30	in	in	ADP
blj-559	492	31	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	492	32	crimes	crime	NOUN
blj-559	492	33	tells	tell	VERB
blj-559	492	34	and	and	CCONJ
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blj-559	492	36	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	493	1	washington	washington	PROPN
blj-559	493	2	:	:	PUNCT
blj-559	493	3	wp	wp	PROPN
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blj-559	493	5	llc	llc	PROPN
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blj-559	493	7	/	/	SYM
blj-559	493	8	b	b	PROPN
blj-559	493	9	/	/	SYM
blj-559	493	10	a	a	PRON
blj-559	493	11	the	the	DET
blj-559	493	12	washington	washington	PROPN
blj-559	493	13	post	post	NOUN
blj-559	493	14	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	493	15	2017	2017	NUM
blj-559	493	16	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	494	1	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	494	2	section	section	NOUN
blj-559	494	3	39	39	NUM
blj-559	494	4	:	:	PUNCT
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blj-559	494	8	for	for	ADP
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blj-559	494	10	of	of	ADP
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blj-559	494	16	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	494	17	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	495	1	the	the	DET
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blj-559	495	5	of	of	ADP
blj-559	495	6	the	the	DET
blj-559	495	7	commonwealth	commonwealth	PROPN
blj-559	495	8	of	of	ADP
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blj-559	496	5	7	7	NUM
blj-559	496	6	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	496	7	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	496	8	.	.	PUNCT
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blj-559	497	3	/	/	SYM
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blj-559	497	5	/	/	SYM
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blj-559	497	7	/	/	SYM
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blj-559	497	9	/	/	SYM
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blj-559	497	11	/	/	SYM
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blj-559	497	13	)	)	PUNCT
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blj-559	497	15	20whoever%20commits%20an%20assault	20whoever%20commits%20an%20assault	NUM
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blj-559	497	20	.	.	PUNCT
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blj-559	498	2	,	,	PUNCT
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blj-559	498	7	risse	risse	PROPN
blj-559	498	8	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	499	1	“	"	PUNCT
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blj-559	499	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	499	5	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	500	1	carr	carr	PROPN
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blj-559	500	7	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	500	8	february	february	PROPN
blj-559	500	9	22	22	NUM
blj-559	500	10	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	500	11	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	500	12	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	500	13	1–13	1–13	NOUN
blj-559	500	14	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	500	15	https://carrcenter.hks.harvard.edu/files/cchr/files/hate_crimes.pdf	https://carrcenter.hks.harvard.edu/files/cchr/files/hate_crimes.pdf	PROPN
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blj-559	501	1	“	"	PUNCT
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blj-559	501	3	hate	hate	NOUN
blj-559	501	4	crimes	crime	NOUN
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blj-559	501	6	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	501	7	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	502	1	brennan	brennan	PROPN
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blj-559	502	5	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	503	1	brennan	brennan	PROPN
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blj-559	503	5	,	,	PUNCT
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blj-559	503	7	2	2	NUM
blj-559	503	8	,	,	PUNCT
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blj-559	503	10	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	504	1	https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/research-reports/state-hate-crimesstatutes	https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/research-reports/state-hate-crimesstatute	NOUN
blj-559	504	2	.	.	PUNCT
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blj-559	505	2	https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/research-reports/state-hate-crimes-statutes	https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/research-reports/state-hate-crimes-statute	NOUN
blj-559	505	3	https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/research-reports/state-hate-crimes-statutes	https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/research-reports/state-hate-crimes-statute	VERB
blj-559	505	4	https://carrcenter.hks.harvard.edu/files/cchr/files/hate_crimes.pdf	https://carrcenter.hks.harvard.edu/files/cchr/files/hate_crimes.pdf	PROPN
blj-559	505	5	https://malegislature.gov/laws/generallaws/partiv/titlei/chapter265/section39#:~:text=(a)%20whoever%20commits%20an%20assault,of%20not%20more%20than%20five	https://malegislature.gov/laws/generallaws/partiv/titlei/chapter265/section39#:~:text=(a)%20whoever%20commits%20an%20assault,of%20not%20more%20than%20five	VERB
blj-559	505	6	https://malegislature.gov/laws/generallaws/partiv/titlei/chapter265/section39#:~:text=(a)%20whoever%20commits%20an%20assault,of%20not%20more%20than%20five	https://malegislature.gov/laws/generallaws/partiv/titlei/chapter265/section39#:~:text=(a)%20whoever%20commits%20an%20assault,of%20not%20more%20than%20five	ADJ
blj-559	505	7	https://malegislature.gov/laws/generallaws/partiv/titlei/chapter265/section39#:~:text=(a)%20whoever%20commits%20an%20assault,of%20not%20more%20than%20five	https://malegislature.gov/laws/generallaws/partiv/titlei/chapter265/section39#:~:text=(a)%20whoever%20commits%20an%20assault,of%20not%20more%20than%20five	ADJ
blj-559	505	8	https://www.hrc.org/press-releases/marking-the-deadliest-year-on-record-hrc-releases-report-on-violence-against-transgender-and-gender-non-conforming-people	https://www.hrc.org/press-releases/marking-the-deadliest-year-on-record-hrc-releases-report-on-violence-against-transgender-and-gender-non-conforming-people	NUM
blj-559	505	9	https://www.hrc.org/press-releases/marking-the-deadliest-year-on-record-hrc-releases-report-on-violence-against-transgender-and-gender-non-conforming-people	https://www.hrc.org/press-releases/marking-the-deadliest-year-on-record-hrc-releases-report-on-violence-against-transgender-and-gender-non-conforming-people	NOUN
blj-559	505	10	https://www.hrc.org/press-releases/marking-the-deadliest-year-on-record-hrc-releases-report-on-violence-against-transgender-and-gender-non-conforming-people	https://www.hrc.org/press-releases/marking-the-deadliest-year-on-record-hrc-releases-report-on-violence-against-transgender-and-gender-non-conforming-people	PROPN
blj-559	505	11	https://www.advocate.com/crime/2020/5/14/two-men-indicted-murders-transgender-women-puerto-rico	https://www.advocate.com/crime/2020/5/14/two-men-indicted-murders-transgender-women-puerto-rico	NOUN
blj-559	505	12	https://www.advocate.com/crime/2020/5/14/two-men-indicted-murders-transgender-women-puerto-rico	https://www.advocate.com/crime/2020/5/14/two-men-indicted-murders-transgender-women-puerto-rico	NOUN
blj-559	505	13	https://www.apa.org/advocacy/interpersonal-violence/hate-crimes	https://www.apa.org/advocacy/interpersonal-violence/hate-crimes	PROPN
blj-559	505	14	brandeis	brandeis	PROPN
blj-559	505	15	university	university	PROPN
blj-559	505	16	law	law	PROPN
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blj-559	505	19	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	505	20	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	505	21	volume	volume	NOUN
blj-559	505	22	9	9	NUM
blj-559	505	23	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	505	24	issue	issue	NOUN
blj-559	505	25	1	1	NUM
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blj-559	507	1	why	why	SCONJ
blj-559	507	2	do	do	AUX
blj-559	507	3	n't	not	PART
blj-559	507	4	more	more	ADJ
blj-559	507	5	people	people	NOUN
blj-559	507	6	use	use	VERB
blj-559	507	7	them	they	PRON
blj-559	507	8	?	?	PUNCT
blj-559	507	9	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	508	1	the	the	DET
blj-559	508	2	washington	washington	PROPN
blj-559	508	3	post	post	PROPN
blj-559	508	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	509	1	the	the	DET
blj-559	509	2	washington	washington	PROPN
blj-559	509	3	post	post	PROPN
blj-559	509	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	509	5	april	april	PROPN
blj-559	509	6	26	26	NUM
blj-559	509	7	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	509	8	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	509	9	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	510	1	https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2021/04/26/hate-crime-lawsexplained/.	https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2021/04/26/hate-crime-lawsexplained/.	NOUN
blj-559	510	2	“	"	PUNCT
blj-559	510	3	wisconsin	wisconsin	PROPN
blj-559	510	4	v.	v.	PROPN
blj-559	510	5	mitchell	mitchell	PROPN
blj-559	510	6	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	510	7	”	"	PUNCT
blj-559	511	1	legal	legal	ADJ
blj-559	511	2	information	information	NOUN
blj-559	511	3	institute	institute	PROPN
blj-559	511	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	512	1	cornell	cornell	PROPN
blj-559	512	2	law	law	PROPN
blj-559	512	3	school	school	NOUN
blj-559	512	4	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	513	1	accessed	access	VERB
blj-559	513	2	may	may	PROPN
blj-559	513	3	5	5	NUM
blj-559	513	4	,	,	PUNCT
blj-559	513	5	2021	2021	NUM
blj-559	513	6	.	.	PUNCT
blj-559	514	1	https://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/92515.zo.html	https://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/92515.zo.html	PROPN
blj-559	514	2	.	.	PROPN
blj-559	514	3	66	66	NUM
blj-559	514	4	https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2021/04/26/hate-crime-laws-explained/	https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2021/04/26/hate-crime-laws-explained/	PROPN
blj-559	514	5	https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2021/04/26/hate-crime-laws-explained/	https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2021/04/26/hate-crime-laws-explained/	PROPN