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Vol.2 No.2 July 2021  

Buana Information Tchnology and Computer Sciences (BIT and CS) 

ISSN :  

Vol.xxx No.xxx 01 January 2020 

 

44 | Vol.2 No.2, July 2021 

 

Analysis of E-Commerce Adoption Level on Culinary Micro, Small and Medium 

Enterprises (Umkm) in Karawang Regency Using Smart PLUS 

 

Karya Suhada 1  

Study Program 

Technical Information 

STMIK Rosma, Indonesia 

Email:   karya@rosma.ac.id

Lila Setiyani2 

Study Program 

Information System 

STMIK Rosma, Indonesia 

Email: lila.setiyani@dosen.rosma.ac.id 

 

 

 ‹β› 
 

Damas Setiadi Sukardi 3 

Study Program 

Technical Information 

STMIK Rosma, Indonesia 

Email: 

damas.sukardi@mhs.rosma.ac.id

Abstract— E-commerce is an electronic trading tool where 

trading transactions, both buying and selling, are carried out 

electronically on the internet network. The existence of the 

internet and various technologies in the telecommunication 

sector have changed many things, one of which is in UMKM. 

The current owners of UMKM are expected to be able to 

compete and maintain the continuity of their business by 

making changes and applications in the technical field. This 

study aims to analyze the level of e-commerce adoption in 

culinary UMKM in Karawang Regency. The method used is a 

qualitative approach by measuring technology, environmental, 

organizational, and e-commerce adoption variables on the 

performance of  UMKM. The data collection technique used in 

this study was probability sampling, with random sampling 

types, with a total of 70 culinary UMKM in Karawang regency. 

The results of this study indicate that technology and 

environmental factors have a positive effect on the adoption of 

e-commerce so that they can improve the performance of the 

UMKM in this study. 

 

Keywords— E-Commerce Adoption, Performance of UMKM, UMKM 

 

Abstrak— E-commerce merupakan alat perdagangan elektronik 

dimana transaksi perdagangan, baik jual beli, dilakukan secara 

elektronik di jaringan internet. Keberadaan internet dan berbagai 

teknologi di bidang telekomunikasi telah mengubah banyak hal, 

salah satunya di bidang UMKM. Para pemilik UMKM saat ini 

diharapkan mampu bersaing dan menjaga kelangsungan usahanya 

dengan melakukan perubahan dan aplikasi di bidang teknis. 

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat adopsi e-

commerce pada UMKM kuliner di Kabupaten Karawang. Metode 

yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan mengukur 

variabel adopsi teknologi, lingkungan, organisasi, dan e-commerce 

terhadap kinerja UMKM. Teknik pengumpulan data yang 

digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah probability sampling, 

dengan jenis random sampling, dengan jumlah 70 UMKM kuliner 

di Kabupaten Karawang. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 

faktor teknologi dan lingkungan berpengaruh positif terhadap 

adopsi e-commerce sehingga dapat meningkatkan kinerja UMKM 

dalam penelitian ini. 

Kata Kunci— Adopsi E-Commerce, Kinerja UMKM, UMKM 

I. INTRODUCTION  

The development of technology at this time is very rapid, a 
business is required to utilize existing technology to run its 
business. One of the technological developments is in the 
business sector. Currently, business owners are required to 
keep up with technological developments, because along 
with technological developments, traditional markets are 
being displaced by technology which in this case is e-
commerce. According to Kuswiratmo (2016:163) Electronic 
Commerce (E-Commerce) or better known as Online 
Shopping is the implementation of commerce in the form of 
sales, purchases, orders, payments, and promotions of a 
product of goods and/or services carried out by utilizing 
computers and electronic communication facilities [1]. digital 
or data telecommunications. In addition, this form of 
commerce can also be carried out globally, namely by using 
the internet network [2]. 

It is undeniable that the development of information 
technology has had an impact on commercial activities. The 
existence of the internet and various technologies in the 
telecommunications sector have changed many things. 
UMKM are expected to be able to compete and maintain 
business continuity by making changes and implementation 
in the technical field. According to the State Ministry of 
Cooperatives and Small and Medium Enterprises (Menegkop 
and UKM), what is meant by Small Business (UK), including 
Micro Enterprises (UMI), is a business entity that has a net 
worth of at most Rp. 200,000,000, excluding land and 
building a place of business, and having annual sales of a 
maximum of Rp. 1,000,000,000. Meanwhile, medium-sized 
enterprises (UM) are business entities owned by Indonesian 
citizens who have a net worth of more than Rp. 200,000,000 
to Rp. 200,000,000. IDR 10,000,000,000, excluding land and 
buildings [3]. 

Karawang Regency has a variety of UMKM. In November 
2020, there were 87,574 UMKM actors registered in the 
Karawang district [4]. By looking at the number of 
researchers interested in analyzing the level of adoption of e-
Commerce in Kulimer UMKM in Karawang district to find 
out the benefits of e-commerce for UMKM owners and to 
know the technological capabilities and levels of e-commerce 

mailto:lila.setiyani@dosen.rosma.ac.id
mailto:damas.sukardi@mhs.rosma.ac.id


 

45 | Vol.2 No.2, July 2021 

 

adoption. The e-commerce referred to in this study is the use 
of go-food applications which are now increasingly being 
discussed as a means or activity of a business. The use of the 
go-food application is growing rapidly because in addition to 
making it easier for customers to find what food they want, it 
also makes it easier for business actors to make sales. The 
results of this study provide strategic knowledge and 
information regarding the adoption of e-commerce in 
culinary UMKM in Karawang district [5].  

 

. 

II. METHOD 

A. Types of Research 

The research method used in this research is quantitative 
research. According to Sugiyono (2011:8) [6], quantitative is 
a research method based on the philosophy of positivism, 
used to examine certain populations or samples, data 
collection using research instruments, data analysis is 
quantitative/statistical, with the aim of testing predetermined 
hypotheses. . Meanwhile, according to Borg and Gall (1989) 
in quantitative research, causal relationships between 
variables are detected, then the observed information from 
the sample is obtained through statistical data collection. The 
data collected were analyzed in numerical form [7][8]. 

B           Research Population 

According to Suharsimi (1998:117) in [7] explained that the 
population is the whole object to be studied. Meanwhile, 
according to Sugiyono (2010) [9] the population is a 
generalization area consisting of objects or subjects that have 
certain characteristics and qualities that have been 
determined by a researcher to be studied and then conclusions 
will be drawn. The population in this study is UMKM in the 
culinary field in Karawang Regency. 

III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 

The following is a recapitulation of the results of the 
questionnaire that researchers have distributed to Culinary 
UMKM in Karawang Regency, amounting to 75 respondents. 

TABLE 1. RECAPITULATION OF QUESTIONNAIRE RESULTS 

Variable Code 
Questionnaire Answer 

STS TS N S SS 

Technology 

(TN) 

TN1 0 1 10 21 43 

TN2 0 1 12 25 37 

TN3 0 3 17 23 32 

TN4 2 1 17 22 33 

Organizational 

(OR) 

OR1 0 2 17 28 28 

OR2 1 3 20 27 24 

OR3 0 4 12 20 39 

OR4 0 1 15 17 42 

Environment 

(LK) 

LK1 1 2 10 27 35 

LK2 2 4 17 26 26 

LK3 0 0 15 25 35 

LK4 2 4 18 26 25 

E-Commerce 

Adoption 

(AC) 

AC1 0 0 5 23 47 

AC2 0 1 8 30 36 

AC3 1 0 9 23 42 

AC4 1 1 14 35 24 

AC5 1 0 13 33 28 

AC6 0 1 6 23 45 

AC7 2 5 23 23 22 

AC8 0 4 17 27 27 

Performance 

UMKM (KN) 

KN1 0 4 18 31 22 

KN2 0 0 22 34 19 

KN3 0 0 17 34 24 

 

Additional Information : 

STS : Strongly Disagree 

TS  : Do Not Agree 

N  : Neutral 

S  : Agree 

SS  : Strongly Agree 

 

Data Analysis Results 

The data processing used in this research is using SmartPLS. 
In the results of this analysis, validity and reliability tests 
were carried out. The structural model in this study can be 
seen in the image below. 

 

 

Fig.1 Structural Model 

A. Validity Test 

In the validity test, the indicator is considered valid if it has 
an outer loading value of the variable dimension having a 
loading value > 0.7 so it can be concluded that the 
measurement meets the criteria for convergent validity. The 
output generated by SmartPLS for outer loading is as follows 
[10]. 

TABLE 2. OUTER LOADING RESULTS 



 

46 | Vol.2 No.2, July 2021 

 

 

 

 

Figure 2. Outer Loading Value 

The results of the outer loading test in table 4.6 or figure 4.6 
show that there are still invalid indicators marked in red. 
Invalid indicators are AC4 with a value of 0.60, AC7 with a 
value of 0.654, AC8 with a value of 0.615 and TN4 with a 
value of 0.87. The condition for proceeding to the next stage 
is that the outer loading value must be valid, so that the outer 
loading test will be carried out again by removing / 
eliminating the previously invalid indicators. The results of 
the outer loading test can then be seen in the table below. 

 

B. Reliability Test 

The reliability test was carried out by looking at the 
composite reliability value. If the correlation value is more 
than 0.7 then it is said that the item provides a sufficient level 
of reliability, on the contrary if the correlation value is below 
0.7 then the item is said to be less reliable. 

TABLE 3.  COMPOSITE RELIABILITY VALUE 

 Composite Reliability 

E-commerce adoption 0.901 

UMKM Performance 0.934 

Environment 0.894 

Organizational 0.788 

Technology 0.901 

The table above shows that the correlation value of the 
composite reliability value for all constructs is above the 

value of 0.7. With the resulting value, all constructs have 
good reliability in accordance with the minimum value limit 
that has been required. 

To strengthen the results of the reliability test, the reliability 
test can be carried out with Cronbach's Alpha with the 
recommended value of 0.6. The table below shows that the 
Cronbach's Alpha value on all constructs has met the 
requirements, which are above 0.6. 

TABLE 4. CRONBACH'S ALPHA 

 Cronbach's Alpha 

E-commerce adoption 0.862 

UMKM Performance 0.912 

Environment 0.843 

Organizational 0.814 

Technology 0.833 

 

C. Evaluation of the Structural Model (Inner Model) 

Structural model testing was conducted to see the relationship 
between the construct, the significance value and the R 
Square of the research model. The value of R Square is used 
to see the relationship between variables which is a goodness-
fit model test. The value of R Square can be seen. 

TABLE 5. R SQUARE VALUE 

 R Square R Square Ajusted 

E-commerce 
adoption 

0.541 0.521 

UMKM 
Performance 

0.429 0.421 

 

The table above shows that the E-Commerce Adoption 
variable has an R-square value of 0.541 which means that the 
technological, organizational and environmental variables 
affect the E-Commerce Adoption variable by 54.1% and the 
remaining 45.9% is influenced by other variables. While the 
UMKM Performance variable has an R-square value of 
0.429, which means that the E-Commerce Adoption variable 
affects the UMKM Performance variable by 42.9% and the 
remaining 57.1% is influenced by other variables. 

D. T-Statistic Value 
The following is a diagram of the t-statistical values based 
on the output generated by Smart PLS.

 

Figure 3. Output Bootstraping 

  
Adopsi E-

Commerce

Kinerja 

UMKM
Lingkungan Organisasional Teknologi

AC1 0.705

AC2 0.733

AC3 0.792

AC4 0.610

AC5 0.755

AC6 0.779

AC7 0.654

AC8 0.615

KN1 0.787

KN2 0.904

KN3 0.875

KN4 0.840

KN5 0.893

LK1 0.853

LK2 0.841

LK3 0.801

LK4 0.801

OR1 0.840

OR2 0.732

OR3 0.881

OR4 0.784

TN1 0.821

TN2 0.878

TN3 0.810

TN4 0.687



 

47 | Vol.2 No.2, July 2021 

 

IV. CONCLUSION 

Based on the results of the analysis that has been carried out, 

it can be concluded that the factors that influence the adoption 

of e-commerce UMKM in the culinary field are 

technological, organizational and environmental factors. 

Furthermore, to determine the relationship between variables, 

researchers tested the hypothesis. The results of this study 

indicate that :  

Technological factors are proven to have a positive effect on 

E-commerce Adoption. This shows that the availability of 

information technology tools, the availability of programs 

and support systems, the suitability of benefits and costs, as 

well as the capabilities and skills of human resources in using 

e-commerce can encourage UMKM owners to use e-

commerce in running their business. Organizational factors 

are not proven to have a positive effect on E-commerce 

adoption. This shows that the availability of financial 

resources, the readiness of UMKM owners to accept risks, 

leadership commitment and awareness of information 

technology developments do not encourage UMKM owners 

to use e-commerce in running their business. Environmental 

factors have been shown to have a positive effect on E-

commerce adoption. This shows that the demands and 

encouragement from consumers, suppliers, the development 

of the business world, and competitive pressure are able to 

encourage UMKM owners to use e-commerce in running 

their business. E-Commerce adoption is proven to have a 

positive effect on UMKM performance. This shows that e-

commerce can facilitate access to information, improve 

business performance, improve quality and speed of service, 

improve cost efficiency, availability of facilities and 

infrastructure, keep up with technological developments, 

encouragement from external parties and support from all 

elements of e-commerce organizations can improve UMKM 

performance. such as increased productivity, increased sales, 

increased profits/profits, increased product innovation and 

increased UMKM innovation after using e-commerce.  

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