of the
FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM

Biological Sciences
Volume 32 1987 Number 1

FLORISTIC STUDY OF MORNE LA VISITE AND
PIC MACAYA NATIONAL PARKS, HAITI

Walter S. Judd

THREE NEW ANGIOSPERMS FROM PARC NATIONAL
PIC MACAYA, MASSIF DE LA HOTTE, HAITI

Walter S. Judd and James D. Skean, Jr.

A
S ./4

UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA GAINESVILLE



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FLORISTIC STUDY OF MORNE LA VISITE AND
PIC MACAYA NATIONAL PARKS, HAITIl

Walter S. Judd2

ABSTRACT

A floristic and vegetational survey of two recently established national parks in the
poorly known mountains of southern Haiti, i.e. Parc National Pic Macaya (in the Massif de La
Hotte) and Parc National Morne La Visite (in the Massif de La Selle), clearly documents the
rich and highly endemic nature of the tracheophyte (especially angiosperm) flora of the parks,
and confirms EL Ekman's early reports of the region's flora. This study resulted in the
recollection of most of the region's described endemic species, along with the discovery of
several new angiosperms, i.e. Wallenia formonensis, Ilg blancheana, Micropholis polita
subsp. hotteana, Mecranium revolutum, Meriania parvifolia, M. brevipedunculata, Miconia
macayana, Ossaea woodsii, Lobelia hotteana, Salvia sp., Rhytidophyllum sp., Pilea sp., and
Ditta sp. One new combination, Garcinia barkeriana, is made.

A total of 470 species of tracheophytes (including 367 angiosperms, but excluding
orchids), 99 mosses, and 63 liverworts was collected in Parc National Pic Macaya, and of
these, 136 vascular plants (ca 29%) are endemic to Hispaniola. The vegetation of the park
may be divided into two major types. A very diverse wet forest on limestone occurs from ca
800 to 1250 m alt. At higher elevations this forest is replaced by a complex mosaic of pine
forest and cloud forest, both of which contain many local endemics.

A total of 325 species of tracheophytes (including 262 angiosperms, but excluding
orchids), 76 mosses, and 19 liverworts was collected in Parc National Morne La Visite, and of
these, 112 vascular plants (ca 34%) are endemic to Hispaniola. The plant communities
occurring in the La Visite region may be placed in two general categories: pine forest and
cloud forest. The former occupies the bowl-shaped plateau of the Massif de La Selle while
the latter occurs on the steep more or less north facing slopes along the edge of the plateau
and in the major ravines dissecting it.

1 This paper is Florida Agricultural Experiment Station Journal Series No. 7652.
2The author is an Associate Professor of Botany, University of Florida, Gainesville FL 32611.

JUDD, W.S. 1987. Floristic Study of Morne La Visite and Pic Macaya National Parks, Haiti.
Bull. Florida State Mus., Biol. Sci. 32(1):1-136.



2 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

The forests of both parks are being despoiled by cutting and burning by the local
inhabitants. Protection of the forested localities remaining in the parks is mandatory to
preserve the region's many endemic species and natural beauty.

RESUMEN

Se presenta un estudio floristico y de vegetaci6n de dos parques nacionales recidn
establecidos en las serranias poco conocidas del sur de Haiti, o sean Parc National Pic
Macaya (en el Massif de La Hotte) y Parc NatiOnal Morne La Visite (en el Massif de La
Selle). El estudio documenta nitidamente la riqueza y la endemicidad de las traque6fitas
(esp. las angiospermas) de los parques y confirma los informes antiguos de E.L Ekman sobre
la flora de la regi6n. En el muestreo se recolectaron la mayoria de las especies end6micas
descritas, y a la vez se encontraron varias angiospermas nuevas, o sean Wallenia formonensis,
Ilex blancheana, Micropholis polita ssp. hotteana, Mecranium revolutum, Meriania parvifolia,
M. brevipedunculata, Miconia macayana, Osaea woodsii, Lobelia hotteana, Salvia sp.,
Rhytidophyllum sp., Pilea sp., y Ditta sp. Se publica una combinaci6n nueva, Garcinia
barkeriana.

En el Parc National Pic Macaya se han colectado un totaI de 470 especies de
traque6fitas (incluyendo 367 angiospermas, pero excluyendo las orquideas), 99 musgos y 63
hepdticas, y de estas, 136 traque6fitas (aprox. 29%) son end6micas de Hispaniola. La
vegetaci6n del parque se puede dividir en dos tipos principales. Una selva h6meda en Diedra
caliza muy diversa se encuentra de aprox 800 a 1250 metros de altura. A mayores alturas
esta selva se reemplaza por un mosaico complejo de pinar y selva nebulosa, ambas con
muchas especies end6micas locales.

En el Parc National Morne La Visite se han colectado un total de 325 especies de
traqu6fitas (incluyendo 262 angiospermas, pero excluyendo las orquideas), 76 musgos y 19
hepdticas, y de estas, 112 traque6fitas (aprox. 34%) son end6micas de Hispaniola. Las
comunidades vegetales de la regi6n de La Visite puederi clasificarse en dos categorias
generales: pinar y selva nebulosa. La primera se encuentra en la meseta c6ncava de Massif

- de La Selle, mientras que la segunda se encuentra en las laderas empinadas nortefias por el
borde de la meseta y en las barrancas principales de la meseta.

Las selvas de ambos parques estan sujetas a tala y quema por los moradores de la
region. Es obligatorio proteger Ios sitios selvdticos que quedan en los parques para con5ervar
Ias muchas especies enddmicas y la belleza natural de la regi6n.



JUDD: FLORISTIC SrUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 3

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introduction 3

Acknowledgements 7
Endangered Species 9
Plant Communities in Parc National Pic Macaya

Massif de La Hotte 10
Plant Communities in Parc National Morne La Visite,

Massif de La Selle 17
Management of Vegetation 28
The Checklisk 

79

Vascular Plants Collected in Parc National
Pic Macaya, Massif de La Hotte 32

Vascular Plants Collected in Parc National
Morne La Visite, Massif de La Selle 76

Mosses and Livorworts Collected in Parc
National Pic Macaya, Massif de La Hotte 108

Mosses and Livorworts Collected in Parc
National, Morne La Visite, Massif de
La Selle 120

Literature Cited 127
Appendix 130
Index to Families 133

INTRODUCTION

The island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles includes peaks of the
highest elevations in the Caribbean, and its mountainous areas are covered
with cloud forests, high to low elevation Pinus occidentalis forests, wet forests
on limestone, and sclerophyllous thickets. Thus, the island's flora is quite
diverse (see Urban 1920-21, 1923; Barker and Dardeau 1930; Ciferri 1936;
Moscoso 1943; Howard 1973). In spite of this diversity, some areas of
Hispaniola have been collected relatively poorly. No complete Flora of either



4 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

tracheophytes (i.e. vascular plants) or bryophytes (i.e. mosses, liverworts,
hornworts) exists, although available currently are a generic Flora, i.e. Isa
Flore D'Haiti (Barker and Dardeau 1930), a checklist of seed plants, i.e.
Catalogus florae Domingensis (Moscoso 1943; with supplement, Jim6nez
1966), and treatments for certain groups, i.e. Flora of Hispaniola: Dart 1.
Celastrales. Rhamnales. Malvales. Thvmeleales. Violales (Liogier 1981) and
La Flora de la Espaftola II. III. and IV (Liogier 1983, 1985, 1986). Urban's
Flora Domingensis (1920-21) and Pteridoljhvta Domingensis (1925) are also
useful. In addition, important information on the vascular flora of the island
is contained in a series of papers by Urban (1921, 1926a, 1926b, 1927, 1928,
1929a, 1929b, 1930, 193la, 193lb) and Christensen (1938) based on the
collections of Erik L. Ekman, and in Urban's Svmbolae Antillanae (1898-
1928). A preliminary list of mosses of Hispaniola has been published (Buck
and Steere 1983); other useful papers dealing with Hispaniolan bryophytes
include Muller (1898), Williams (1930), Thdriot (1944), Arnell (1956), Crum
and Steere (1958), Crum (1965), and Judd (1980). Relatively few
tracheophyte or bryophyte groups occurring in Hispaniola have been
monographed recently and there is a great need for increased monographic
study of neotropical groups. Vascular Floras of the island are being prepared
simultaneously by Alain H. Liogier (of the Botanic Garden of the University
of Puerto Rico, at Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico) and by Thomas A. Zanoni (of
the Jardin Botanico Nacional, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic) and
contributors; William R. Buck (of the New York Botanical Garden) is
working on a bryophyte flora of the West Indies. A very useful annotated
bibliography of the flora and vegetation of Hispaniola is, given by Zanoni,
Long,and McKiernan (1984).

The diverse and highly endemic tracheophyte and bryophyte floras of
the high elevations of the mountains of southern Haiti are among the most
poorly known of the island of Hispaniola, and two Haitian national parks, i.e.
Pam National Pic Macaya (in the Massif de La Hotte) and Parc National
Morne La Visite (in the Massif de La Selle) have been established recently in
this region (Fig. 1).

The area designated as Parc National Morne La Visite is located 22 km
south of Port-au-Prince in the area of latitude 18' 20' 30" N and longitude 72 '
20' W. The park is situated along the crest of the Massif de La Sdk between
Morne d'Enfer (1900 m) and Morne Kadeneau (2155 m). The highest spot in
the park is Pic Cabaio (2282 m). The boundaries of the park have not been
officially designated, but the official size of the park is 2000 hectares (Woods
1986). Access to the park is via the mountain road from Port-au-Prince via
Furcy and Ca Jacques, a distance of ca 55 km, and normally takes ca 4 hrs to
drive. Parc National Pic Macaya is located 36 km northwest of Les Cayes and
195 km west of Port-au-Prince at latitude 18' 21' N and 74' 01' W. The park



JUDD: FLORISTIC STUDY HAmAN NATIONAL PARKS 5

13' A J-~

/ C .
190 . . I

8 !~
-

A B 280 ~60 k. 4 1

Figure 1. Map of Haiti (western portion of Hispaniola) showing location of two national
parks. A. Massif de la Hotte with bax delimiting region in which Parc National Pic Macaya is
located: 1, Pic Macaya (2347 m); 2, Tete Ravine (location of "Saddle Camp," ca 1900 m); 3,
Pic Formon (2219 m); 4, Pic 10 Ciel (2170 m); 5, Morne Cavalier (ca 1550 m); 6, Ville Formon;
7, Rividre Ravine du Sud, forming "Gran Ravine" in park; 8, Rivitre de Port-au-Piment; 9,
Rivitre l'Acul; dashed line=1700 m contour line; dotted line=region surveyed in floristic study.
B. Massif de la Selle with box delimiting region in which Parc National Morne la Visite is
located: 1, Seguin; 2, Park Headquarters; 3, RiviBre Blanche; 4, lower cascade; 5, upper
cascade; 6, Morne d'Enfer (1920 m); 7, Morne FB Noir (1945 m); 8, Morne Nacel (ca 1900
m); 9, Morne la Visite (2170 m); 10, Morne Cabaio (2282 m); 11, Morne Bellfontaine (2242
m); 12, Tete Opaque (2269 m); 13, Morne Kadeneau (2155 m); 6-13, peaks along La Selle
Escarpment; dotted line=region surveyed in floristic study; double lines=roads.

is situated around the two dominant mountains of the region, Pic Formon
(2219 m) and Pic Macaya (2347 m), and includes the large and steep ravine
between these two mountains that serves as the headwaters of the RiviBre
Ravine du Sud. The park also includes the rocky plain south of Pic Formon
(Plaine de Formon and Plaine de Deron--mainly agricultural areas) as well as -
the karst hills along the southern boundaries of these plains, i.e. Bois
Formon. Exact park boundaries have not been established; the official size of
the park is 2000 hectares (Woods 1986). Access to Pam National Pic Macaya
is difficult. The journey is via the route to the southwest from Port-au-Prince
passing through Les Cayes. Beyond Les Cayes the route is via a gravel road



6 BULLErIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

to Le Duc and then a rough dirt road to Le Pretre that crosses the Rividre
l'Acul. From Le Pretre the route ascends to the plateau of the Plaine de
Formon by a series of sharp switchbacks to the town of Les Platons. At this
point it is necessary to hike for ca 10 km across the southern edge of the
Plaine de Formon through Marche Sous Bois to Ville Formon, an
agricultural community just south of the park, although a poor quality dirt
road has been constfucted recently from Les Platons to Ville Formon. Since
1983 both parks have been under the administration of the Institut National
Haitien de la Culture et des Arts (INAHCA) and the Ministere de
l'Agriculture, des Ressources Naturelles et du Developpement Rural
(MARNDR).

This preliminary floristic study of the two parks was undertaken as part
of a larger study of the systematic biology, ecology, and geology of these parks
by the Florida State Museum (see Woods and Harris 1986; MacFadden
1986).

The first botanist in the Morne Formon/Pic Macaya region (Parc
National Pic Macaya, Massif de La Hotte) was probably L. C. Richard (Dod
pers. comm.), who collected in the area in the late 1700s. The next and most
important plant collectors in the Morne Formon/Pic Macaya region were Erik
L. Ekman and Henry D. Barker, who visited and collected in the area from
December 1926 to January 1927, and climbed Morne Formon; the results of
this fascinating excursion are presented in an article by Ekman (1928). The
many new species resulting from their collections were described mainly by
Ignatius Urban or Urban and Ekman. The valuable field work of Ekman and
Barker in the Massif de La Hotte is commemorated in the names of several
distinctive endemics of this region (see lists). A xerographic copy of Ekman's
field notes (University of Florida herbarium, FLAS, library; original set at
Swedish Museum of Natural History, S) has also been studied, and reveals
(along with Ekman's published account) a fairly detailed picture of the flora
of the region as it existed in the 19205. Erik Ekman again collected in the
high elevations of the Massif de La Hotte and climbed Pic Macaya from the
north (Morne La Hotte, above Les Roseaux) in September 1928. Leslie R.
Holdridge (former Division Manager, Pine Forest Project, Haiti) botanized
on Morne Macaya (to near the peak) in February 1941. The natural history
of the Massif de La Hotte is outlined by Dod (1984), who comments briefly
on the distinctive and highly endemic flora of the region. Donald D. Dod (of
the Jardin Botanico Nacional, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic) has
botanized in the region on several occasions between 1981 and 1984 and has
prepared a report on the indigenous orchids (Dod and Judd 1986).

Erik L. Ekman was also the most important plant collector in the Morne
La Visite/Pic Cabaio region (Parc National Morne La Visite, Massif de La
Selle). Ekman botanized in this region on several occasions in 1917 and the
1920s. Others who collected either in localities now within the La Visite park



JUDD: FLORISTIC STUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 7

or in adjacent regions include: W. Buch, Padre E. Christ, and Padre L.
Ricarda; see Moscoso (1943) for brief outlines of their activities. More
recently (Nov. 1982) W. Buck, T. Zanoni, and M. Mejia also have collected in
this area. The work of these botanists is commemorated in the names of
many plants occurring in the Massif de La Selle (see list). A brief description
of Ekman's collecting experiences in the Massif de La Selle has been
published (Ekman 1926), and additional information on the diverse and
highly endemic flora of this region is present in Ekman's personal field notes
(S, copy at FLAS, library). Holdridge's (1947) and Marie-Victorin's (1943)
accounts of the similar pine forests of the Morne des Commissaires are also
of interest.

From a study of published accounts of the flora of the localities now
contained in the Pic Macaya and Morne La Visite National Parks, and from
Ekman's personal field notes, it appears that most of the members of the
vascular flora present in the 19205 still occur within (or adjacent to) the two
national parks--despite the extensive human-caused disturbances in some
localities. Noteworthy species collected in these areas by Ekman (unpubl.
field notes) but not recollected in this floristic study are listed in Tables 1 and
2. It should be noted that these lists are not complete but stress endemic
and/or conspicuous woody taxa. Additional collecting in the parks will likely
reveal the presence of these, as well as other, species.

In addition, two endemic bryophytes described from the high elevations
of the Massif de La Hotte have not been recollected; these are:
Hymenostomum castaneum Crum and Steere and Campylopus haitensis Th6r.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Special thanks are due the fellow members of the project who assisted in collecting
plant specimens, especially James D. Skean, Jr., Fred Thompson, Richard Franz, Donald
Dod, Charles Woods, Richard Baird, and Daniel Cordier. I also wish to thank Charles
Woods and Paul Paryski for their assistance in locating geographical localities and important
historical references.

I thank Carroll E. Wood, Jr., Michael Canoso, and Walter Kittredge for their
assistance during my visit to the Harvard University Herbaria in order to identify problematic
Haitian collections. I sincerely appreciate the hospitality of Dr. and Mrs. Richard A. Howard
during my stay in the Boston area. I also thank the curators of the herbarium of the New
York Botanical Garden and the herbarium of the Swedish Museum of Natural History for
their loan of comparative material for certain species. Thanks are aIso due to Kent D.
Perkins, registrar of the University of Florida Herbarium, for his help in processing specimen
loans and gifts, and to Norris H. Williams, Keeper of the University of Florida Herbarium, for
making available the herbarium computing facilities. Richard A Howard, John H. Beaman,



8 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

Table 1. Noteworthy seed plants not recollected in Parc National Morne La Visite

Apium graveolens, Callicarpa selleana, Calyptranthes ten*lia, Catesbaea elcmaniana, Cestrum
dolichopus, Cleyera vaccinioides, Coccothrinax montana, Cordia anisodonta, Eupatorium
selleanum Herodontia mikanioides, Ila cubana, Liabum subacaule, L. selleanum, Ossaea
limon, Passiflora ekmanii Peperomia cabaianurn, P. ramosa, Pilea cardiophylla, P. diandra,
Proustia stenophy!!a, Rhynchospora aristata, Salvia tippenhaueri, Scolosanthus selleanus, Senecio
constanzae, Ternstroemia gracilifolia, Tillandsiafendleri.

Table 2. Noteworthy seed plants not recollected in Parc National Pic Macaya.

Arceuthobium bicamatum, Arthrostylidium multispicatum, Cleyera vaccinioides, Grafenrieda
chrysandra, Guarea sphenophylla, Guettarda torbeciana, Hottea torbeciana, Hypericum fuertesii
Meriania ekmanii, Mikania hotteana, M. rhomboidea, Ossaea allotricha, Paticourea rorbeciana,
Piqueria trinema, Pika godetiana, Podocarpus aristulatus, Rubus barkerianus, Schlegelia
brachyantha, Scolosanthus densiflorus, Vemonia ekmanii.

Dana G. Griffin III, David W. Hall, Florence Sergile, and James D. Skean, Jr. provided many
useful comments concerning the manuscript. I also am grateful to Florence Sergile for her
help in processing the voucher specimens collected in the course of this investigation, to
James D. Skean, Jr., for the use of several photos (Figs. 2,3A, and 4), and to Daniel B. Ward
for the use of his plant dryer.

I am grateful to many individuals who provided identifications for certain taxonomic
groups: Dana Griffin, III (most mosses and liverworts), Richard Harris (lichens), David W.
Hail (Gramineae), Rolla Tryon (misc. ferns), William C. Steere and William R. Buck (misc.
mosses), Jack Gibson and Beth North (misc. fungi), John T. Mickel (Polystichum,
Elaohozlossum, Cystopteris), Hiroshi Inoue (Plagiochila), Laurence E. Skog (Gesneria,
Rhytidophvllum), R. Grolle (misc. Lejeuneaceae), Kohsaku Yamada (Radula), Jiri Vdna
(misc. liverworts), David A. Breil (Marchantiaceae), Thomas A. Zanoni (misc. flowering
plants), William R. Anderson (Bwsonima, Tetraptervs), Alan.R. Smith (Thelypteris sanctal,



JUDD: FLORISTIC SrUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 9

Timothy Plowman (Brunfelsia picardae), Elizabeth Kellog (Eremolepis wriRhtii), Grady L.
Webster (Hyeronima domingensis), and Tom Soderstrom (Chusquea abetifolial. I thank
William G. D'Arcy for assistance with the identification of certain species of Solanum.

Last, I thank my wife, Beverly, for her understanding and patience throughout this
study.

ENDANGERED SPECIES

Top priority for protection should be given to species endemic to
Hispaniola, and especially to those endemics with ranges restricted to the
Massif de La Hotte and/or the Massif de La Selle (or with more local
distributions within these mountain ranges). Species very susceptible to
disturbance (e.g. Juniperus ekmanii) should be given special concern.
Ecological/biological studies of these species are urgently needed;
unfortunately very little is known beyond the most basic taxonomic
informhtion for most plant species endemic to these regions.

Junipents ekmanii may be the woody species most in danger of
extinction. This species has a very limited range, and does not sprout
vegetatively after fire or cutting, both very common in the region. Thus, in
many parts of the La Visite park (even places seemingly little disturbed and
with diverse native vegetation) the species is present only in the form of dead
stumps and logs. The species is surviving in the Tete Opaque region, and
urgent efforts should be made to protect the few remaining individuals.
Other endemics that seem to be rare or very restricted in distribution within
the parks include: Hypen~cum millefolium, Miconia nkidissima, Gesnen'a
hypoclada, S<phocampylus caudatus, Iler blancheana (Parc La Visite);
Rondeletia domatiata (Morne d'Enfer); and Myrsine magnoliifolia, Meliosma
abbreviata, Calycogonium torbecianum, Ossaea woodsii, 0. curvipila, Miconia
macayana, Miconia xenotricha, Mecranium tricostatum, Mecranium alpestre,
Ekmaniocharis crassinervis, Wallenia formonensis/ Tabebuia conferta, and
Bmnfelsia picardae (Parc Macaya). But it should be stressed again, that all
endemic species should be considered taxa of special concern, and protected
from further destruction by human-caused disturbances. Endemic species of
tracheophytes (excluding orchids) are listed in Table 3. The degree of
endemism is much greater in the flowering plants than in the ferns, mosses, or
liverworts. Genera occurring in the parks with many endemic species include:
Cestrum, Dendrophthora, Eupatorium, Lyonia, Mecranium, Miconia, Ossaea,
Pilea, Rondeletia, Salvia, Senecio, and Wallenia.



10 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

PLANT COMMUNITIES IN PARC NATIONAL
PIC MACAYA, MASSIF DE LA HOTTE

The vegetation of this region may be divided into two major types. The
first is an extremely diverse wet forest on limestone; see discussion of this
formation in Howard (1973). This vegetation type occurs at the lower
elevations of the park. ft extends upward to ca 1250 m alt, and collections
were made in this plant community to elevations as low as ca 850 m. The
second vegetation type at Parc Pic Macaya is composed of a complex mosaic
of the Dine forest and cloud forest (Fig. 2); see Howard (1973) for discussion
of these vegetation types. These forests intergrade with the lower elevation
wet limestone forest in several areas, and localities with mixed species
compositions occur (e.g. moist forest below "1650 m camp" on southern slope
of Morne Formon, and in Morne Cavelier region). The higher elevation
forests show all variation between moist dense cloud forest and open,
savanna-like vine forest depending upon edaphic factors, e.g. soil, exposure,
local rainfall, wind patterns, and time since last disturbance, especially by fire,
but also by hurricane or cutting (see Figs. 3,4). Some conspicuous subtypes
include: (1) cloud forest, an extremely moist forest with few or no overstory
pines (Pinus occidentalis), large and conspicuous individuals of Bois Tremble
(Didymopanax tremulum), a diverse selection of shrubs and small trees such
as Ganya fadyenii, Myrsine coriacea, Brunellia comocladiifolia, Persea
anomala, Weinmannia pinnata, Cestrum coelophlebium, Miconia spp., Cyathea
hamkii, Alsophila minor, and a climbing bamboo, Aithrostylidium haitiense; (2)
moist pine forest with scattered shrubs or small trees, blackberries (Rubus
spp.), and ferns; and (3) open, extremely rocky, pine forest with Agave
antillarum, Rhytidophyllum auriculatum, Eupatorium flavidulum, Baccharis
myrsinites, Gyrotaenia myriocatpa, and Senecio stenodon. Open windswept
ridges near Pic Formon are dominated by dense thickets of Iler obcordata, L
macfadyenii, Myrica picardae, Baccharis myrsinites, Symplocos hotteana,
Miconia hypoides, M. apidulata, M. barkeri, Temstroemia barkeri, Weinmannia
pinnata, Vaccinium racemosum, Lobelia rotundifolia, and Psychotria liogieri.
The cloud forests and moister pine forests are better developed on Morne
Formon (especially the northern slope) than Morne Macaya; the southern
slopes of Pic Macaya are especially open and dry, and fire seems to be more
frequent in these areas. Frequent fires kill young broad-leaved species (e.g.
Myrsine coriacea, Miconia spp., Cestrum spp., Weinmannia pinnata,
Didymopanax tremulum, Citharexylum caudatum, Persea anomala, Psychotria
alpestns, Rondeletia fonnonia, Ganya fa*enii) and favor pine germination, a
diverse fern understory (especially Lophosoda quad*innata, Histiopteris
incisa, Pteridium aquilinum, Culcita coniifolia, Gleichenia spp., and Blechnum



JUDD: FLORISrIC STUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 11

Figure 2. High elevation forests-moist pine forest/cloud forest: A, view northeast from
ridge of Morne Formon; B, Grande Ravine du Sud, with Morne Macaya to left (dominated by
pine forest) and Morne Formon to right (dominated by cloud forest).



12 BULLETIN FLORIDA SrATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

merckheimii), and the growth of fire-adapted species (such as Rubus spp. and
Senecio stenodon).

Dominant and/or characteristic trees and shrubs of the pine forest/cloud
forest zone (above ca 1300 m) on Morne Formon and Pic Macaya include
Pinus occidentalis, Brunellia comocladiifolia, Didymopanax tremulum,
Dendropanax arboreus, D. selleanus, Myrsine coriacea, Weinmannia pinnata,
Cyathea harrisii, Alsophila hotteana, A. minor, Miconia hypoides*, M.
subcompressa, M. barkeri*, M. apiculata*, M. tetrastoma, M. ossaeifolia,
Haenianthus oblongifolius, Hyptis schusteri*, Citharexylum caudatum, Trema
micrantha, Persea anomala, Ocotea foeniculacea*, Gyrotaenia myriocarpa,
Psychotria liogieri, P. alpestris*, Lobelia rotundifolia, L. robusta, Ganya
fadyenii, Cestrum coelophlebium, C. jilipes*, Palicourea alpina, Symplocos
hotteana *, Cabptranthes hotteana *, C nummularia, Rex obcordam *, I.
ma*dyenii*, Rondeletia formonia*, Temstroemia bari<eri*, Myrica picardae*,
Blechnum underwoodianum, Eugenia formonica*, Heterotrichum umbellatum,
Senecio stenodon, Besleria lutea, Vaccinium racemosum, Solanum
formonense*, S. hotteanum*, Sapium haitiense, Trichilia havanensis,
Eupatorium flavidulum, E. urbanii, Tabebuia berteri, Zanthoxylum haitiense,
Agave antillarum, Ardisia fuertesii, Daphnopsis crassifolia, Baccharis myrsinites,
Rhytidophyllum auriculatum, Vemonia buxifolia, V. saepium, Pluchea
symphytifolia, Henriettea barkeri*, Pachyanthus cubensis subsp. blancheanus*,
Meriania spp., and Banara splendens. (Species especially characteristic of Pic
Formon and the upper elevations of the Formon ridge are indicated with an
asterisk.) It is of interest that the primitive taxon, Illicium ekmanii, occurs in
this forest on Morne Cavalier (and also at lower elevations near Formon).
The most showy-flowered Species are Fuchsia pringsheimii and Lobelia
rotund(folia, and both are characteristic of moist forest.

Vines include a conspicuous bamboo, Arthrostylidium haitiense, as well as
Smilax havanensis, Mikania spp., Cissus dissecta, Passiflora sexflora, P.
municuja, Rajania ovata, Senecio hotteana, and Columnea domingensis, along
with the ferns, Hypolepis hispaniolica and Odontosoria aculeata. Herbs are
not a major element of this forest; however, characteristic herbaceous species
include Rubus selkanus, R. eggersii, Peratanthe el<manii, Isachne rigidifolia,
Zeugites americana, Uncinia hamata, Panicum glutinosum, Andropogon
glomeratus, Relbunium hypocarpium, Erigeron domingensis, Hydrocotyle pusiIla,
Scrophularia minutiflora, Begonia plumieri, Psychotria uliginosa, and many
species of Pilea and Peperomia. The epiphytic bromeliads Tillandsia caribaea
and Vriesea sintenisii are abundant, as are various epiphytic stem parasites,
such as Dendrophthora camosa, D. cupressoides, D. brachystacha, D. versicolor,
and Dendropemon pan*lius. Many terrestrial and epiphytic ferns also occur
(see species list).

The moist pine forest of the peak and ridge of Morne Formon contains
a fair number of local endemics (e.g. Miconia apiculata, M. barkeri, M.



JU
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Figure 3. Cloud forests: A, southern slope of Morne Formon, note cleared area; B, ridge of Morne Formon, note large
Didmyopanax tremulum, with Brunellia comocladiifolia and Alsophila minor.



14 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)
T

lr.

Figure 4. Forests of Pinus occidentalis: A, very moist forest with scattered overstory pines
and numerous mixed broadleaved species, ridge of Morne Formon; B, open, frequently
burned pine forest with various ferns, grasses, Rubus spp., and Senecio stenodon, ridge of
Morne Formon above Morne Cavalier.



JUDD: FLORISTIC STUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 15

hypiodes, Mecranium alpestre, M. tricostatum, Meriania parvifolia* Uudd and
Skean 1987b], Ossaea woodsti* [Judd and Skean 1987al, Cestmm jihpes,
Psychotria alpestris, Rondeletia formonia, Temstroemia barkeri, Myrsine
magnoli(folia, Lobelia hotteana* [Judd and Skean 1987a], Solanum
formonense, Pilea formonica ·, asterisk indicates undescribed or previously
undescribed taxa discovered in the course of this study). In contrast, the
drier forest of Pic Macaya contains fewer endemics (e .g . Miconia apiculata, M.
hypiodes, M. macayana* [Judd and Skean 1987al, Lobelia hotteana' [Judd
and Skean 198781, Salvia sp.*, Cestnun fih)es) and is not as diverse. However
understory ferns are more conspicuous on Pic Macaya, probably because the
increased frequency of fire on Pic Macaya allows a more open pine forest,
thus providing more available habitat for this group.

The moist forest on limestone, occurring in the low hills in the vicinity of
Ville Formon, at the southern base of Morne Formon, is very diverse and
inclues a large number of endemic species (Fig. 5). Much of this formation
occurs outside the park boundaries, but it was sampled in order to contrast
this forest with the higher elevation forests of Macaya and Formon. The area
is much degraded with the forested areas limited to steep ravine slopes or
dog-tooth limestone domes and hillsides, separated by open rocky hillsides
and fields occupied by widespread tropical and warm-temperate weedy

4t

.1

Figure 5. Moist forest on Iimestone, near Ville Formon, below Morne Cavalier (reprinted
with permission of Brittonia, Skean & Judd, 1986).



16 BULLETIN FLORIDA SrATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

species. In these forests dominance is shared by many species. Important
and/or striking trees or shrubs include: Dendropanax arboreus, Phy#anthus
myriophyllus, Lunania mauritii, Prunus occidentalis, Prunus myrtifolia,
Beilschmeidia pendula, Ardisia fuertesii, Tabebuia conferta, Mecranium
haitiense, M. microdictyum, M. revolutum, Miconia subcompressa, M. laevigata,
Amyris apiculata, Piper hispidum, P. confusum, P. amarum, Calycogonium
apiculatum, C. calyopteris, Cestrum picardde, C. bicolor, Lobelia robusta,
Psychotria berteroana, P. pubescens, Zanthoxylum haitiense, Z. martinicense,
Alchomea lanfolia, Chgsophyllum aigenteum, Rhytidophyllum bicolor,
Gesneria spp., Solanum antillarum, S. torvum, S. eiianthum, Turpinia picardae,
Allophylus crassinervis, Polygala penaea, Casearia sylvestris, Guarea guidonia,
Comocladia pinnatifolia, Cupania americana, Meliosma recurvata, Palicouria
alpina, Clusia clusioides, Gymnanthes lucida, Eugenia glabrata, E. christii,
Eupatorium stigmaticum, E. nervosum, E. microchaetum, Besleria lutea,
Cecropia peltata, Heliconia bihai, Daphnopsis americana, D. crassifolia,
Brunfelsia picardae, Vemonia saepium, Jacquinea eggersii, Ossaea setulosa,
Dipholis cubensis, Nectandra patens, N. membranacea, Phoebe d. montanum,
Ficus citrifolia, Cyathea furfuracea, Cnemidaria horrida, Alsophila hotteana,
Senecio stenodon, Salvia spp., Garcinia barkeriana, Calyptranthes sintenisii,
Pithecellobium oppositifolium, Coccothrinax ct. montana, Maytenus hotteanus,
Hamelia patens, Didmyopanax tremulum and Micropholis polita. Common
vines include: Cissampelos pareira, Se*mia polyphylla, Cissus verticillata,
Cayaponia americana, Stigmaphyllon emarginatum, S. angulosum,
Philodendron consanguineum, Columnea domingensis, Senecio hotteana,
Marcgravia oligandra and Anthurium scandens. Commonly found herbs are
Begonia pycantha, Renealmia jamaicensis, R. densiflora, Ichnanthus pallens,
Lasiacis divaricam, and a great many species of Pilea and Peperomia.
Terrestrial ferns are abundant (see species list). Members of the family
Bromeliaceae are very common, including: Tillandsia fasciculata, T. jenmanii,
T. fendleri, Catopsis nitida, Guzmania lihgulata, G. ekmanii, and Vriesea
macrostachya. Loranthaceous parasites, such as Dendrophthora serpyll(folia,
Phomdendron  anceps, and P. pperoides, are frequent. The epiphytic ericad
Sphyrospennum majus is very common; this forest also includes a great
diversity of epiphytic ferns (see li5t), including Ophioglossum palmatum, a
striking plant with broad palmately lobed leaves. The very showy, herbaceous
scroph Castineja arvensis occurs in disturbed areas, along with many other
weedy species, e.g. Phytolacca n'vinoides, Cerastium glomemmm, Stellan'a
media, Chamissoa altissima, Triumfetta semitriloba, Anoda hastata, Sida
acuta, S. rhombifolia, Urena lobata, Chamaesyce hypericifolia, Desmodium
axillare, Kalanchoe pinnata, Tibouchina longifolia, Asclepias nivea, Lantana
camara, L. trifolia, Stachytarpheta jamaicensis, Verbena urticifolia,
Cynoglossum amabile, Solanum capsicoides, S. nigrescens, Dichondra repens,
Bidens alba, Conyza canadensis, Eclipta prostrata, Emilia fosbergii, Youngia



JUDD: FLORISTIC SrUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 17

japonica, Vemonia saepium, Andropogon bicomis, A. leucostachyus, Lasiacis
divaricata, Panicum glutinosum, Paspalum Ambriatum, Setaria corrugata, and
Sporobolus indicus. The woods in the vicinity of Ville Formon form a mosaic
of habitats caused by the extensive human-induced destruction in this region;
every intermediate exists between fairly undisturbed forest and cultivated
fields or bare limestone rock.

As mentioned earlier, this plant community contains a great many
endemics, and some are even limited to the Formon area (see species list and
Table 3). The melastome genus Ekmaniocharis is an example; the area is also
the center of diversity for the related genus Mecmnium. The endemic
euphorb Phyllanthus myriophyllus is especially striking because of its
distinctive, norfolk-island-pine-like habit. Other noteworthy endemics
include Tabebuia confena, with its showy dull-red flowers, Renealmia
densiflora, Meliosma recurvata, Rhytidophyllum bicolor, Amyris apiculata, and
Wa#enia ekmanii. Previously undescribed local endemics discovered in the
course of this study include Mecranium revolutum (Skean and Judd 1986),
Medania brev*edunculata (Judd and Skean 1987b), Micropholis polita subsp.
honeana (Judd 1986b), and Wallenia formonensis Uudd 1986a).

The vegetation of lower elevations (ca 1000 m) in the Grande Ravine du
Sud is a distinctive open, often rocky, pine forest, which is drier than the
higher elevation pine forests of Morne Formon and Pic Macaya. Associated
shrubs indude Heterotrichum angustifolium, Gyrotaenia my,iocarpa, Wigan(lia
pruritiva, Trema lamarkianum, Hyptis schusteri, Senecio stenodon, Senna
ligustrina, Ganya fadyenii, Besleria lutea, Rhytidophyllum bicolor, R.
auriculatum, Piper aduncum, P. hispidum, Tabebuia berteri, Cestrum bicolor,
Vemonia saepium, Beilschmeidia pendula, Prunus myrtifolia and Weinmannia
pinnata. The beautiful terrestrial bromeliad Pitcaimea elizabethae is
occasional in rocky areas. Common ferns include Thelypteris serra, Pteris
long(folia, and Neurodium lanceolamm.

PLANT COMMUNITIES IN PARC NATIONAL
MORNE LA V[SITE, MASSIF DE LA SELLE

The plant communities occurring in the area of Parc La Visite may be
placed in two general categories: Dine forest and cloud forest on limestone
(hardwood areas or "rak bwa"); see Howard (1973). The two do intergrade,
and many hardwood species can be found as scattered understory shrubs or
small trees in moister localities within the pinelands. The moist hardwood
forest occurs along the steep more or less north-facing slopes from Tete
Opaque, Belle Fontaine, and Pic Cabaio west to Morne La Visite. This
interesting and diverse hardwood community continues westward to Morne



18 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

D'Enfer (and also eastward toward Pic La Selle), and shows much local
geographic variation. Certain species are limited to Morne Cabaio, Morne
D'Enfer, etc., while others are distributed more widely along the ridge (see
species list). Endemics limited to the ' park (or nearly so) include Iler
blancheana (Judd 1986c) and Rhytidophyllum sp. nov. (both discovered during
field work in connection with this Study), Rondeletia domatiata, Salvia
foveolata, Ditta sp. nov. (flrst collected by T. A. Zanoni in 1982 in the park
and not yet described; recollected in this study), Ca6ptranthes denmfolia, and
Siphocampylus caudatus. The diversity and number of endemic species is
higher in the hardwood forest than in the pinelands, although both contain
endemics (see Table 3). Both communities include many patches that have
been cleared and burned, and thus many weedy species occur. The number of
temperate weeds that occur in the pinelands is especially strikihg, e.g. PmneUa
vulgaris, Fragaria vesca, Hypericum pedoratum, Lampsana communis,
Geranium rotundifolium, G. purpureum, Leontodon taraxacoides, Taraxacum
officinale, Cynoglossum amabile, Euphorbia peplus, Tragopogon pratensis,
Stellaria media, Cerastium glomeratum, Silene gallica, Plantago lanceolata,
Verbascum thapus, Leucanthemum vulgare, Medicago lupulina, Trifolium
repens, Arenaria lanuginosa, Sonchus asper, Daucus carota, Lepidium
virginicum, Barbarea verna, Brassica campestris, Cardamine hirsuta, Conyza
canadensis, Lolium perenne, Oxalis comiculata, Erigeron karvinskianus,
Pteroselinum sativum, Pastinaca sativa, Galium aparine, Linum usitatissimum,
Anagallis arvensis, and Hieracium gronovii.

The pinelands can be divided into several subtypes that likely develop
according to certain edaphic conditions (fire frequency, soil, exposure, etc.)
(Figs. 6,7). These are (1) open rocky pinelands with many individuals of
Agave antillarum (along with Myrica picardae, Eupatorium illitum, E.
cabaionum, Ganya fa*enii, and Bacchan's myrsinites), (2) open pine savannas
with Danthonia domingensis (along with Andropogon urbanianus and Rubus
spp., and sometimes a few scattered shrubs, such as Lyonia microcarpa or
Ganya fa*enii), (3) open ("typical") pinelands with scattered shrubs
(especially Lyonia microcarpa, Myrica picardae, Baccharis myrsinites, Garrya
fa*enii, Eupaton'um initum, E. cabaionum) and the grasses and sedges,
Andropogon urbanianus, A. glomeratus var. pumilis, Cyperus picardae, Cara
ekmanii, Isachne rigidifolia, Panicum xalapense, Bromus unioloides, Zeugites
amen'cana, Melinis minut*ra, and Chusquea abet(folia, and (4) moist
pinelands with a nearly continuous understory of shrubs, some of which are
also common in the moist hardwood communities.

Characteristic trees and shrubs of this mosaic of pineland vegetation
types include the dominant tree Pinus occidentalis (endemic to island of
Hispaniola although a closely related species occurs in Oriente, Cuba), the
shrubs or small trees Baccharis myrsinites, Garrya fadyenii, Lyonia microcarpa,
Myrica picardae, Agave antillarum, Eupatorium illitum, E. cabaionum, Persea



JUDD: FLORISrIC STUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 19

t/•

Figure 6. Pinelands: A, typical forest of Pinus occidentalis with scattered shrubs, "the
Depression"; B, Danthonia domingensis savanna, "the Depression."



20 
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Figure 7. PineIands: A, open, rocky forest of Pinuus occidentalis with Agave antillarum, south of "park headquarters;" B, moist
pinelands along the RiviEre Blanche.



JUDD: FLORISTIC SrUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 21

anomala, Bocconia ./}utescens, and to a lesser extent Hypen'cum hypencoides,
Lyonia truncata, L. rubiginosa var. costata, Ila macfadyenii, Oreopanax
capitatus, Daphnopsis crassifolia, Cestnim mononeurum, Solanum crotonoides,
Bumelia subintegra, Salvia selleana, Gesneria bullata, Fuchsia triphyllum, .F.
ptingsheimii, and A*rsine con'acea. A great many grasses and herbaceous
dicots occur in these open forests; the blackberries Rubus argentifrons, R.
haitiensis, and probably also R. seneanus are common everywhere; some
additional characteristic herbs include Pilea spp., Mitraca,pus decumbens,
Galium brev<pes and Relbunium hypocalpium, along with the many weedy
species listed above. Pteridium aquilinum, bracken, is abundant; other
common terrestrial ferns include: Lophosoria quadripinnata (especially on
moist slopes), Campyloneumm angust®lium (especially rocky areas),
Blechnum occidentale (especially rocky areas), and H/oodsia montevidensis (on
rocky slopes). The epiphytic bromeliads Tillandsia hotteana, T. compacta, T.
usneoides, and 1/n'esea sintenisii are locally conspicuous.

The very moist pinelands possess a nearly continuous and very well
developed understory of broadleaved dicots, including many species that are
also characteristic of the cloud forest/hardwood community. In addition to
many of the species mentioned in the previous paragraph, the following trees
and shrubs are common or occasional in these moister forests: Buddleja
domingensis, Brunellia comocladiifolia, Lobelia robusta, L. rotundifolia, Trema
micrantha, Cestrum violaceum, Rondeletia camea, Palicourea alpina, Myrsine
acrantha, Miconia selleana, Turpinia picardae, Calyptranthes nummularia, and
Cordia picardae. The climbing bamboos Arthrostylidium haitiense and
Chusquea abietifolia occur locally, and other frequent vines include Smilax
havanensis, Mikania tripartita, Passiftora orbiculata, and Valeriana scandens.

As mentioned above there is also floristic variability within the cloud
forest/moist hardwood community. These areas range from very wet forests
with conspicuous large individuals of Didmyopanax tremulum (best developed
in some areas on Morne D'Enfer, Morne FB Noir, and the ravine just east of
the Berac area) to drier and more open scrub-forests with the showy Senecio
buchii and Agave antillamm (and even some intermixed pines, best developed
in the vicinity of Pic Cabaio) (Figs. 8,9). The greatest species diversity likely
occurs in the hardwood forest extending from Morne Nacel northeast toward
Pic La Visite, although the vicinity 6f Pic Cabaio and the region between
Belle Fontaine, Roche Cabrit, and Tete Opaque are also very diverse. The
latter region is of particular interest because several species (e.g. Lyonia
microcalpa and Myrica picardae) grow to an exceptionally large size in this
area, and because two rare conifers, Podocatpus an'stulams and Jun(pems
ekmanii, occur here. Additional collecting is needed in this region.

Characteristic trees and shrubs of the moist hardwoods are Senecio
buchii, S. picardae, Gyrotaenia myriocarpa, Eupatorium illitum, E. cabaionum,
Myrsine coriacea, M. nubicola, Daphnopsis crassifolia, Sapium buchii, Gesneria



22 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)/

Figure 8. Cloud forests: A, open, scrub-forest with Senecio buchii, Azave antillarum,
Eupatorium mitum, etc. at Pic Cabaio (looking east toward Tete Opaque); B, moister, ver·y
diverse cloud forest at Morne D'Enfer (looking east toward Morne F6 Noir and Morne La
Visite).



JUDD: FLORISTIC STUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 23

Figure 9. Cloud forest and pine forest: A, bowl shaped plateau of Parc National Morne La
Visite, looking north toward Pic Cabaio, note forest of Pinus occidentalis on plateau and
cloud forest/hardwood thickets on Pic Cabaio and adjacent peaks; B, cloud forest at Morne
D'Enfer, note conspicuous individuals of Didmyopanax tremulum.



24 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

ekmanii, G. viridiflora, G. bullata, Rhytidophylium auriculata, Persea anomala,
Ocotea acrantha, O. wrightii, Lobelia robusta, L. assurgens, L. rotundifolia,
Brunellia comocladiifolia, Cyathea harrisii, Alsophila minor, Garrya fadyenii,
Miconia selleana, M. favosa, M. ferruginea, M. tetrastoma, Didymopanax
tremulum, Trema micrantha, Coccoloba picardae, Ardisia fuertesii, A. picardae,
Weinmannia pinnata, Turpinia picardae, Picrasma selleana, Citharexylum
caudatum, Lyonia buchii, Meliosma impressa, Agave antillana, Cestrum
violaceum, C. monoeurum, C. inclusum, C. coelophlebium, C. brevifolium, Ilex
macfadyenii, Dendropanax arboreus, Buddleja domingensis, Solanum
crotonoides, S. umbellatum, Calyptranthes densifolia, C. pitoniana, Bunchosa
ekmanii, Malpighia macracantha, Oreopanax capitatus, Rondeletia christii, R.
camea, R. domatiata, Psychotria baltenweckii, Cordia picardae, C. dependens,
Toumefortia hirsutissima, Salvia tuerckheimii, S. foveolata, Durantia arida,
Satureja viminea, Eugenia picardae, Heterotrichum umbellatum, Mecranium
multiflorum, Meriania involucrata, Bumelia subintegra, Datura suaveolens, and
Siphocampylus caudatus. Both Fuchsia pringsheimii and F. triphyllum are
common, along with hybrids. Only one palm, Prestoea montana, occurs in
this forest. In places Anhrostylidium haitiense and A. multispicatum are
common. Other climbing plants include Passiflora sexflora, P. orbiculata,
Marsdenia clausa, Columnea domingensis, Hypolepis hispaniolica, Odontosoria
aculeata, Valeriana scandens, Cissampelos pareira, Mikania tripartita,
Melothria domingensis, Cynanchum leptocladum and Rajania ovata. The
bromeliads T/riesea sintenisii and Tillandsia hotteana are common, as are the
loranthaceous parasites Dendrophthom cupressoides and D. segylhfolia.
These forests also contain some herbaceous species, especially in disturbed
areas (see Species list).

The vegetation of the larger ravines (and sinkholes) in the pinelands is
composed of elements of this community. The Rivitre Blanche contains the
best developed hardwood community, although the smaller ravine to the
north of the Park Center/Headquarters, i.e. Gfande Ravine, is also fairly well
developed on its south slope. The woody dominants of the ravine systems are
essentially those of the hardwood forests of the north-facing slopes/cliffs
within the park. However, an interesting additional species is Sambucus
canadensis, an introduced and escaped shrub that is common along the
Rivitre Blanche (and in other moist ravines) and is also planted along the
edges of fields and around homesteads in the pinelands. Some important
herbaceous species occurring in the various ravines (especially on steep and
often rocky slopes) include Engeron dissecms, Chaptalia albicans, Begonia
platyptera, Zeugites americana, Phyllanthus lindenianus, Pilea spp., Peperomia
spp., Thelypteris imitata, Polystichum echinatum, Diplazium spp., Asplenium
spp., Thelypteris spp., Selaginella leonardii, and Lycopodium spp. Several
species occur in the moist soil along the edge of (or as emergent aquatics in)
the RiviBre Blanche (and also along other smaller streams in the region);



JUDD: FLORISTIC SIUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 25

Table 3. Hispaniolian endemic seed plants occurring in Parc Macaya and Parc La Visite, Haiti.
Abbreviations and symbols: occurring in Parc Macaya--M; occurring in Parc La Visite, LV;
plant endemic to either Massif de La Hotte or Massif de La Selle --*.

Agave antillamm M, LV Dendrophthora brachystacha M
Amy,is apiculam M* Dendrophthora camosa M*
Andropogon urbanianus LV Dendrophthora versicolor M*
Adisia Jitertesii M, LV Di*mopanar tremulum M, LV
Ardisia picardae LV* Dina sp. nov. LV*
Anhrosolidium haitiense M, LV Elonaniocharis crassinervis M*
Asketanthera picardae M* Epilobium coloratum IN
Baccharis myninites M, LV Erigeron dissectus Ul
Banara splendens M Erigeron domingensis M
Begonia domingensis LV Eugenia chn'stii M*
Begonia platyptera U/* Eugenia formonica M
Begonia plumieri M Eugenia lineata LV
Begonia pycantha M Eugenia picardae U/*
Brunfelsia picardae M Eugenia cf. tiburona M*
Buddleja domingensis LV Eupatonum cabaionum LV*
Bumelia subintegra U/* Eupatorium flavidulum M*
Bunchosa ekmanii LV* Eupatorium illitum IN
Cabcogonium apiculamm M* Eupatonum microchaetum M
Calycogonium calycopteris M Eupatorium porphyrocladium M*
Calycogonium torbecianumM Eupatorium sp. nov. LV*
Calyptranthes densiflora LV* Eupatorium stigmaticum M
Ca6ptranthes hotteana M* Eupatonum urbanii M*
Cabptranthes nummulana M, LV Exostemma picardae M
Calyptranthes pitoniana LV Fuchsia pringsheimii M, LV ,
Cara ekmanii LV Fuchsia triphylla LV
Cestrum bicolor M* Galium brevipes U;
Cestrum brevifoliumLV Garcinia barkenana M*
Cestrum coelophlebium M, LV Gesnena amira M, LV
Cestrum filipes M* Gesneria bullata LV*
Cestrum mononeumm LV Gesneria ekmanii M, LV
Cestrum picardae M Gesneria fruticosa M
Cestrum violaceum LV* Gesneria hypoclada M,U
Cleyera temstroemioides M* Gesneria viridiflora ssp. acrochordonanthe
Coccoloba pauciflora M M, LV
Coccoloba picardae U* Gnaphalium eggersii LV
Coccothrinar montana M Gnaphalium selleanumU/*
Cyperus picardae IN Guzmania ekmanii M
Danthonia domingensis LV Haenianthus oblongatus M*
Daphnopsis crassifolia M, LV Henriettea barkeri M
Dendropanar selleanus M J*eronima domingensis M
Dendropemon bistratus LV Hypericum juertesii LV
Dendropemon pycnophyllus U Hypericum millefolium 1.V *



26 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

Table 3 continued

mptis schusten M Mikania dissecta M*
flex blancheana LV* Mikania tnbam'ta LV*
Il€x fuenesiana IN Mitracarpus decumbens UC
IUicium ekmanii M A*rcia tiburoniana M*
Juniperus ekmaniiUV Myrica picardae M, LY
Laplacea alpestris LV Myrsine magnoliifolia M*
Lobelia hotteana M* A*,sine nubicola LV*
Lunania mauntii M Narvalina domingensis M
Lyonia buchii LV Ocotea aca,ina LV*
Lyonia microcarpa LV* Ossaea curvipila M*
Lyonia mincam var. mincata LV* Ossaea semlosa M*
Lyonia nibiginosa var. costata M, LV Ossaea woodsii M*
Malpig/tia macracanfha LV* Pachyanthus cubensis ssp. blancheanus M*
Maytenus honeana M * Pachyanthus hotteanus M
Mecranium alpestre W Peperomia dominicana M
Mecranium birimosum M Peperomia leonardii'LN
Mecranium haitiense M* Peperomia michelensis M*
Medranium microdictyum M* Pemmnthe ebnanii M
Mecranium revolumm M* Phyllanthus lindenianus var. inaequifolius
Mecranium tricostatumM* LV*
Mecmnium mberrWatum M Phynanthus mydophyllus M*
Meliosma abbreviata M* Picrasma selleana LV*
Meliosma impressa LV Pilea baltenweckii M
Metiosma recurvata M* Pilea cephalantha LV*
Melothria domingensis U/ Pilea distan*lia M*
Meriania brevipedunculata M* Pilea domingensis M, LV
Meriania involucratal«V Pilea formonensis M*
Meriania parvifolia M* Pilea franquen,illeana LV*
Men'ania squamulosa M* Pilea heparica M, LV
Miconia apiculata M* Pika lanceolata LV
Miconia barkeri M' Pilea lepidincola LV
Miconia hypiodes M* Pilea leptocardia M
Miconia favosa IN Pilea propinqua LV
Miconia ferruginea LV* Pika psilogyne iN*
Miconia lanceolata LV Pilea serpyllacea M*
Miconia macayana M* Pilea stolonifera M
Miconia ossaeifolia M* Pilea torbeciana M*
Miconia sp. nov. M* Pinus occidentalis M, LV
Miconia rigidissima LV* Piper oviedoi M
Miconia selleana LY Pitcaimia elizabethae M
Miconia subcompressa M, LV Podocarpus aristulatus LV
Miconia xenotricha M* Psychotria alpestris M*
Micropholis polita ssp. hotteana M* Psychotria battenweckii LN*
Mikania cyanosma M* Psychotria liogieri M, 1,V



JUDD: FLORISTIC STUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 27

Table 3 continued

Renealmia densiflora M* Senecio stenodon M*
Rhynchospora elongata Siphocampylus caudatus LV*

var. ekinanii M Siphocampylus sonchifolius M
Rhytidophyllum bicolorM* Solanum hotteanum M*
Rhytidophyl/um sp. nov. LV* Sotanumfonnonense M*
Rondeletia cameaLV* Stevensia hotteana M*
Rondeletia christii LV* Symplocos hotteana M*
Rondeletia formonica M* Tabebuia conferfa M*
Rubus argentifrons LV Temstroemia banten M*
Rubus eggersii M Tillandsia hotteana M, LV
Rubus haitiensik LV nupinia picaniae M, LV
Rubus selleanus M,U Wa#enia aqu*lia M
Salvia arborescens M Wallenia ekmanif M*
Salvia bahorucona LV* Wallenia jbnnonensis M*
Salvia sp. nov. M* Vemonia budfolia M
Sapium buchii LV Vemonia saepium M*
Sapium haitiense M* Zanthakylum haitiensis M*
Senecio buchii LV* Zantharylum tetraphyllum LV*
Senecio hotteanus M* Zeugites amen'cana var . haitiensis M
Senecio picardae IN



28 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

these indude Nasturtium officinale, Poa annua, Fumaria carpreolata, Galium
aparine, Epilobium coloratum, Stachys arvensis, Pilea psilogyne, Euphorbia
peplus, Pastinaca sativa, and Rumex obtusifolius.

MANAGEMENT OF VEGETATION

The hardwood/cloud forest areas of Parc National Morne La Visite
require protection from cutting, burning and clearing. These continuing
activities are extremely distructive to this plant community. Currently there
are enough growths of intact forest (With endemic species still surviving) so
that the cloud forest areas have the capability of recovering from the effects
of human disturbance if repeated clearing and burning are prohibited (or at
least greatly reduced) in the region. At the present time these forests exist as
a mosaic of reasonably intact to very disturbed (fields, pastures, etc.)
communities. The wet forest on limestone at low elevations in Pam National
Pic Macaya is also very susceptible to fire. This forest community now is
being destroyed fairly rapidly by clearing and burning. In contrast, the
pinelands (of both parks) probably require periodic (and controlled) fires to
maintain pine (and associated species) regeneration. However, Holdridge
(1947) considered the high elevation pine forests to be maintained, at least in
part, by cold temperatures. Detailed ecological studies of these pinelands
clearly are needed. On Morne Formon/Pic Macaya the high elevations are
occupied by a complex mosaic of cloud forest and pine forest communities.
This mosaic is probably maintained by a pattern of periodic fires, with the
composition of the community probably influenced strongly by the amount of
time lapsed since the last fire. The pinelands of both parks are in need of
ecological study to determine the appropriate timing, frequency and intensity
of controlled fires that are required to maintain the community. At present
fires are probably too frequent (and/or too severe). The fires are often set by
the local people, although natural (lightning set) fires undoubtedly also occur.



JUDD: FLORISTIC STUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 29

THE CHECKLISTS

The following checklists are arranged by major taxonomic group (i.e.
tracheophytes or vascular plants, mosses and liverworts) and geographic area
(i.e. Massif de La Hotte, Massif de La Selle). The systematic arrangement of
flowering plant families follows R. F. Thorne (1983), PrODosed new
realignments in the anviosperms: the arrangement of the ferns follows R. M.
and A. F. Tryon (1982), Ferns and allied plants. with snecial reference to
tropical America. Families of mosses and liverworts are listed alphabetically;
family concepts follow Crosby and Magill (1978) for the mosses, and Farr,
Leussink, and Staffeu (1979) for the liverworts. An index to families of each
park is provided.

Each entry follows a standardized format. The name of the species is
followed by the authority, habit, habitat, frequency, elevational range, and
localities at which the taxon was collected or observed. The collectors and
collection numbers are given, and the checklists are based only on these
collections. Collections were made by R. E. Baird, R. Franz, W. S. Judd, J. D.
Skean, Jr., F. G. Thompson, and C. A Woods. Nearly all collections were
made during some 9 weeks of field work between January and June 1984, and
voucher specimens are deposited at FLAS (Herbarium of the University of
Florida, Gainesville, FL) and EHH (Ekman Herbarium, D6partement de
l'Agriculture, des Ressources Naturelles et du DEveloppement Rural, Service
Recherche Agronomique, Damien, Port-au-Prince, Haiti). A few T. A.
Zanoni and M. M. Mejia specimens (from JBSD, herbarium of the Jardin
Botanico Nacional "Dr. Rafael M. Moscoso", Santo Domingo, RepOblica
Dominicana) and W.R. Buck specimens (from NY, herbarium of the New
York Botanical Garden, Bronx, N.Y.) are also cited. The elevations and
geographical localities are based only on our collections or sight records and
probably could be expanded significantly by additional field work. Finally,
taxa endemic to Hispaniola or either the Massif de La Selle (including the
Sierra de Baoruco) or Massif de La Hotte are indicated (see also Table 3);
occasionally other nomenclatural or taxonomic information is given.

A brief statistical summary of each flora is presented below. The
coverage of woody flowering plants and conifers in the following lists is the
most complete, followed by that of herbaceous flowering plants, ferns and
"fern allies", mosses, and liverworts. Macrolichens and some fungi were also
collected, but the identifications for these groups are still too incomplete to
be included in this report (see appendix).

A total of 470 species (267 genera in 109 families) of vascular plants
(including 367 flowering plants [excluding orchids], 1 conifer, 102 ferns and
fern allies) was collected (or, for a few weedy taxa, observed) in Parc National



30 BULLETIN FLORIDA  STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

Pic Macaya, Massif de La Hotte. The largest families (excluding the
Orchidaceae) include Melastomataceae (36 spp.), Asteraceae (30 spp.),
Polypodiaceae s. str. (22 spp.), Piperaceae (19 spp.), Rubiaceae (19 spp.),
Urticaceae s. lat. (19 spp.), Dryopteridaceae (17 spp.), Poaceae (15 spp.),
Solanaceae (14 spp.), Bromeliaceae (12 spp.), and Myrtaceae (12 spp.). The
largest genera include Pilea (Urticaceae--14 spp.), Peperomia (Piperaceae--13
SPP.), Miconia (Melastomataceae-- 11 spp.), Thelypteris (Thelypteridaceae--9
spp.), Grammitis (Polypodiaceae--8 spp.), Lycopodium (Lycopodiaceae--8
spp.), Eupatorium (Asteraceae--7 spp.), Mecranium (Melastomataceae--7
spp.), Po6podium (Polypodiaceae--7 spp.), Solanum (Solanaceae--7 spp.),
Psychotria (Rubiaceae--6 spp.), TiUandsia (Bromeliaceae--5 spp.), Cestmm
(Solanaceae--5 spp.), Diplazium (Dryopteridaceae--5 spp.), Dendrophthora
(Viscaceae--5 spp.), and Gesnen'a (Gesneriaceae--5 spp.).

The total vascular flora of Pam National Pic Macaya includes ca 136
species (or infraspecific taxa, excluding orchids) endemic to Hispaniola (ca
29% of flora), and of these, 72 are endemic to the Massif de La Hotte (ca
15%). The degree of endemism among the flowering plants was slightly
greater with 130 endemic species (ca 35%), and of these, 71 (ca 19%) are
endemic to the Massif de La Hotte. The percentage of endemic species
among the ferns and fern allies was much less, i.e. ca 5%. Families with large
numbers of endemic species include: Melastomataceae (29), Urticaceae (12),
Asteraceae (15), Solanaceae (7), and Myrtaceae (6). Genera with many
endemic species include Pilea, Miconia, Eupaton'um, Mecranium, and
Cestrum; other noteworthy genera in this regard are Dendrophthora, Wallenia,
Senecio, Eugenia, and Ossaea.

A total of 99 species of mosses and 63 species of liverworts was collected
in Parc National Pic Macaya and adjacent regions. Very few of these species
are endemic.

The vascular flora of Pam National Morne La Visite (and adjacent areas
of the Massif de La Selle) is documented by collections representing 325
species (including 262 flowering plants [excluding orchids], 3 conifers, and 60
ferns and fern allies). These are distributed among 201 genera and 89
families. The largest families (omitting the Orchidaceae) are Asteraceae (28
spp.), Poaceae (14 spp.), Urticaceae (14 spp.), Rubiaceae (14 spp.),
Dryopteridaceae (12 spp.), Melastomataceae (11 spp.), Solanaceae (10 spp.),
Pol*odiaceae (10 spp.), Araliaceae s. lat. (8 spp.), Piperaceae (8 spp.),
Gesneriaceae (7 spp.), Aspleniaceae (7 spp.), and Lamiaceae (7 spp.). The
largest genera=include: Pilea (Urticaceae--12 spp.), Peperomia (Piperaceae--8
spp.), Asplenium (Aspleniaceae--7 spp.), Miconia (Melastomataceae--7 spp.),
Po6podium (polypodiaceae--6 spp.), Ces#um (Solanaceae--5 spp.), Thedpteris
(Thelypteridaceae--5 spp.), Hypericum (Clusiaceae--4 spp.), Gesneria
(Gesneriaceae--4 spp.), Eupatorium (Asteraceae--4 spp.), Lycopodium
(Lycopodiaceae--4 SPP.), Lyonia (Ericaceae--4 SPP.), TiUandsia
(Bromeliaceae--4 spp.), and Elaphoglossum (Dryopteridaceae--4 spp.).



JUDD: FLORISTIC STUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 31

The total vascular flora of Parc National Morne La Visite includes 112
species (excluding orchids) endemic to Hispaniola (ca 34% of the flora),and,
of these, 44 are endemic to the Massif de La Selle or extend also into the
Sierra de Baoruco (ca 14%). As in Parc Macaya, endemism is most
pfonounced among the flowering plants, with 105 endemic species (ca 40%),
ant-of these 44 species (ca 16%) are endemic to the Massif de La Selle. Only
about-196 of the species of ferns and fern allies are endemic. Families with
many -Endemic species include: Asteraceae (11), Urticaceae (8),
Melastomataceae (7), Rubiaceae (7), Solanaceae (5), Myrtaceae (5),
Ericaceae (4), and Lamiaceae (4). Genera with many endemic species in Parc
Morne La Visite include: Pilea, Miconia, Cestmm, Lyonia, Eupaton'um,
Rondeletia, Gesneria, and Salvia.

A total of 76 species of mosses and 19 species of liverworts was collected
in or near La Visite National Park; very few of these are endemic.

The flora of the two national parks, when taken together, comprises 678
different species of tracheophytes (i.e. flowering plants, conifers, ferns,
psilopsids, and lycopsids) and 222 species of bryophytes (mosses and
liverworts), giving a grand total of 887 species of embryophytes. In addition,
63 species of lichens and 27 species of fungi were collected, bringing to 978
the number of species considered in the following lists and appendices.

The results of this floristic study document the rich and highly endemic
nature of the vascular (especially angiosperm) floras of Pic Macaya and
Morne La Visite National Parks and confirm Ekman's (1926, 1928) brief
reports on these areas. Howard (1973) also has pointed out that genera
endemic to Hispaniola are concentrated in the mountains of northern and
especially southern Haiti. In fact more endemic genera are restricted to the
Massif de La Selle and/or the Massif de La Hotte than any other region of
the island. Thus the protection of the few remaining forested localities in this
region is critical, and it is hoped that this can be accomplished through the
establishment and maintenance of these national parks.



32 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

Vascular Plants Collected in Parc National
Pic Macaya, Massif de la Hotte, Haiti.

Division Tracheophyta

[Collections identified by W. S. Judd, unless indicated otherwise; notations
after family name refer to number of genera/species]

Class Psilopsida
Order Psilotales

Family Psilotaceae (1/2)

Psilomm complanamm Sw. Epiphytic herb; moist pine forest (uncommon),
1650 m; Morne Formon. Judd 3832.

Psilomm nudum (L.) Beauv. Epiphytic or terrestrial herb (on rocks); moist
forest on limestone (uncommon), ca 1000 m; Bois Formon. Judd
3493.

Class Lycopsida
Order Lycopodiales

Family Lycopodiaceae (1/8)

Lycopodium cemuum L. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on limestone,
disturbed areas (occasional/very common), 900-1100 m; Bois
Formon. Judd 3627. Skean 1261.

Lycopodium clavamm L. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest, disturbed open
areas (common), 1650-2200 m; Morne Formon. Judd 3628. 4090,
Skean 1460.

Lycopodium hippun'deum Christ. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest/cloud
forest (occasional), 2100-2340 m; Morne Formon, Pic Macaya. Judd
4063, 4159, Skean 1399.

Lycopodium pithodes Schl. & Cham. Epiphytic herb; moist pine forest
(uncommon), 1900-2200 m; south slope of Pic Macaya. Judd 4216.
Skean 1426a.

Lycopodium re*cum Lam. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest, disturbed
slopes (occasional), 1100-2200 m; Morne Formon, M. Cavalier. Judd
3629.4054.4058a.

Lycopodium vemcillamm L.f. Epiphytic herb; moist pine forest/cloud forest
(rare), 1800-2070 m; Morne Formon. Judd 3889.

Lycopodium skutchii Maxon. Epiphytic herb; moist pine forest/cloud forest
(rare), 1800-2070 m; Morne Formon. Judd 3888.



JUDD: FLORISTIC STUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 33

Lycopodium tax<folium Sw. Epiphytic herb; moist pine forest/cloud forest
(occasional), 1500-2150 m; Morne Formon, Ravine du Sud. Judd
3715. 4064, Skean 1351.

Order Selaginellales
Family Selaginellaceae (1/2)

Selaginella leonardii Schmidt. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on limestone
(occasional), 950-1500 m; Bois Formon, southern slopes of Morne
Formon. Judd 3480a, 3851. Endemic to Hispaniola.

SelagineUa plumien' Hieron. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on limestone, cloud
forest (occasional), 950-1780 m; Bois Formon, Ravine du Sud. Judd
3477a, Skean 1201. 1372. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Class Filicopsida
Order Ophioglossales

Family Ophioglossiaceae (1/1)

Ophioglossum palmamm L. Epiphytic herb; moist forest on limestone
(occasional), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3467, 3532, Skean
1177.1237.

Order Marattiales
Family Marattiaceae (1/1)

Danaea ell<ptica J. Smith. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest/cloud forest
(rare), ca 1750 m; Morne Formon. Judd 3852.

Order Polypodiales
Family Gleicheniaceae (1/2)

Gleichenia b(lida (Willd.) Spreng. Scrambling herb; moist pine forest/cloud
forest, disturbed open areas (common), 1800-2200 m; Morne
Formon. Judd 3861. Skean 1534.

Gleichenia revolum HBK. Scrambling herb; moist pine forest, disturbed open
areas (abundant), 1700-2200 m; Morne Formon. Judd 3892.

Family Hymenophyllaceae (2/7)

I*menophylium hirsumm (L.) Sw. Epiphytic herb; moist forest on limestone
(occasional), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3481.

Hymenophyllum microcarpum Desv. Epiphytic herb ; moist forest on
limestone (uncommon). 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3466.



34 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

Hymenophyllum trapezoidale Cope\. Epiphytic herb ; moist pine forest/cloud
forest (occasional), 1800-2100 m; Morne Formon. Judd 3878b. Det.
Dana Griffin, III.

Hymenophyllum urbani Brause. Epiphytic herb; cloud forest/ moist pine
forest (common), 1800-2200 m; Morne Formon. Judd 3866, Skean
1476.

Tn'chomanes cn'spum L Epiphytic herb; moist forest on limestone
(occasional), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3522.

Trichomanes holopterum Kunze. Epiphytic herb ; moist forest on limestone
(occasional), ca 960 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3998.

Trichomanes nkidum Sw. Epiphytic or terrestrial herb; cloud forest/moist
pine forest (common), 1650-1800 m; Morne Formon. Judd 3672.

Family Plagiogyriaceae (1/1)

Plagiogyria semicordata (Presl.) Christ. Terrestrial herb ; moist pine forest
(common), 2300-2340 m; Pic Macaya; reported by Ekman (in field
notes) from ca 2200 m on Morne Formon. Judd 4143, 4163, Skean
1408. Det. Rolla Tryon.

Family Dicksoniaceae (1/1)

Culcita coniifolia (Hook.) Maxon. Terrestrial herb ; moist pine forest
(common), 2150-2340 m; Pic Macaya; probably also on Morne
Formon. Judd 4151, Skean 1403.

Family Lophosoriaceae (1/1)

Lophosoda quadnbinnam (Gmel.) C. Chr. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest,
especially disturbed, recently burned areas (very common), 1670-
2340 m; Morne Formon, Pic Macaya. Judd 3634, 4149, Skean 1391.

Family Cyatheaceae (3/6)

Alsophila hotteana (C. Chr. & Ekm.) Tryon. Tree fern; moist forest on
limestone (common), moist pine forest (occasional), 950-1770 m;
Bois Formon, Morne Formon. Judd 3482. 3647c, Skean 1321, 1362.
Endemic to Massif de La Hotte.

Alsophila minor (D.C. Eaton) Tryon. Tree fern; moist pine forest/cloud forest
(common), 1650-2200 m; Morne Formon, Pic Macaya. Judd 3738,
4419. Skean 1447, 1495.

Alsophila woodwardioides (Kaulf.) Conant. Tree, fern; moist forest on
limestone, (occasional), 1200-1250 m; Bois Formon, hills south of



JUDD: FLORISTIC STUDY HAmAN NATIONAL PARKS 35

Morne Formon. Judd 3961. This taxon sometimes is treated as
Nephelea woodwardioides (Kaulf.) Gastony var. hieronymi (Brause)
Gastony.

Cnemidatia honida (L.) Presl. Tree fern; moist forest on limestone
(uncommon), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3505, Skean'1200.

Cyathea fulfitracea Baker. Tree fern; moist forest on limestone, cloud forest
(common), 950-1560 m; Bois Formon, Morne Cavalier, lower
elevations on southern slopes of Morne Formon. Judd 3519,4053,
Skean 1198. 1575.

eathea hanisit Underw. ex Maxon. Tree fern; moist pine forest/cloud forest
(very common), 1650-2340 m; Morne Formon, Pic Macaya. Judd
3737. 4155. Skean 1406. 1446.

Family Pteridaceae (4/6)

(The following fern families are sometimes treated as members of one large
polymorphic family, the Polypodiaceae sensu lato; pteridologists
differ as to how this assemblage should be divided, and the
classification of R. M. & A. F. Tryon [1982] is followed here.)

Adianmm pyramidale (L.) Willd. Terrestrial herb, moist forest on limestone
(occasional), 950-1260 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3931. Skean 1259.

Adiantum raddianum Presl. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest/cloud forest
(occasional), 1620-1660 m; southern slopes of Morne Formon. Judd
3803.

Adianmm tenemm Sw. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on limestone, pine forest
(occasional), ca 1000 m; Bois Formon, Ravine du Sud. Judd 4111,
Skean 1574.

Cheilanthes farinosa (Forsk.) Kaulf. Terrestrial herb ; moist pine forest, open
rocky ridge (occasional), ca 2200 m; southern slope of Pic Macaya.
Judd 4134.

Pityrogmmma tartarea (Cav.) Maxon. Terrestrial herb; pine forest, disturbed
slopes (common), 1670-1770 m; Morne Formon. Judd 3622.

Pteris long(folia L. Terrestrial herb; pine forest, especially open rocky areas
(very common), 1000-1730 m; Morne Formon, Ravine du Sud. Judd
3793.4110.

Family Vittariaceae (1/1)

Fittan'a momiziana Mett. Epiphytic herb; moist pine forest/cloud forest
(uncommon), 1650-1800 m: Morne Formon. Judd 3756.



36 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

Family Dennstaedtiaceae (4/5)

Histiopten's incisa (Thunb.) J. Smith. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest/cloud
forest (very common), 1650-2300 m; M6rne Formon, Pic Macaya.
Judd 3767, 4154.

Hypolepis hispaniolica Maxon. Vine; moist pine forest/cloud forest
(abundant), 1800-2200 m; Mome Formon. Judd 3894. Endemic to
Hispaniola.

Odontoson'a aculeata (L.) J. Smith. Vine; moist pine forest/cloud forest
(common), 1650-2200 m; Morne Formon. Judd 3766, Skean 1536.

Odontoson'a jhman'oides (Sw.) J. Smith. Vine; moist pine forest (occasional),
2300-2340 m; Pic Macaya. Judd 4156.

Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn. var. caudamm (L.) Sadeb. Terrestrial herb;
moist pine forest, especially open disturbed slopes (abundant), 1550-
2200 m; Morne Formon, M. Cavalier, Pic Macaya. Judd 3620.4040.

Family Thelypteridaceae (1/9)

Thelypteris asterothrix (F6e) Proctor. Terrestrial herb ; moist forest on
limestone (occasional), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3471. Det.
Rolla Tryon.

Thelypteris hispidula (Decne.) Reed. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest
(occasional), 1650-1770 m; south slope of Morne Formon. Judd
3667a. Det. Rolla Tryon.

Thelypte,Ys ci imimm C. Chr. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest (occasional),
2300-2340 m; Pic Macaya. Judd 4146.

The6pteds patens (Sw.) Small. Terrestrial herb; cloud forest, pine forest
(occasional), 1000-1780 m; Ravine du Sud (northern slopes of Morne
Formon). Judd 4122, Skean 1371. Det. Rolla Tryon.

77:e6pten's mdis (Kunze) Proctor. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest/cloud
forest (common), 1560-1770 m; Morne Formon, M. Cavalier. Judd
3646.4032. Det. Rolla Tryon.

Thelypteris sagittata (Sw.) Proctor. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on limestone
(uncommon), ca 960 m; Bois Formon. Judd 4002. Det. Rolla Tryon.

The6pten's sancm (L) Ching. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on limestone
(occasional), ca 975 m; Bois Formon. Skean 1193. Det. Alan R.
Smith.

The(ypteris sena (Sw.) St. John ex Small. Terrestrial herb; pine forest
(common), 1000-1700 m; Morne Formon, Ravine du Sud. Franz S
Judd 3796. 4109.

Thetypteris ton'esiana (Gaud.) Alston. Terrestrial herb; pine forest
(occasional), ca 1000 m; Ravine du Sud. Judd 4121.



JUDD: FLORISTIC STUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 37

Family Dryopteridaceae (8/16)

Ctenitis cheilanthina C. Chr. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on limestone
(occasional), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3436.

Diplazium centnpetale (Baker) Maxon. Terrestrial herb; moi5t pine
forest/cloud forest (occasional), 1800-2100 m; Morne Formon. Judd
3887.

D*lazium l'henninieti Hieron. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest/cloud forest
(occasional), 1650-2200 m; Morne Formon. Judd 3734,4083.

Diplazium pectinamm (Fte) C. Chr. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest/cloud
forest (common), 1650-2000 m; Morne Formon. Judd 3647a, Skean
1543.

Diplazium plantaginifolium (L.) Urb. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on
limestone (uncommon), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3534.3996.

D(plazium unilobum (Poir.) Hieron. Epiphytic or terrestrial herb; moist pine
forest/cloud forest (common), 1450-1780 m; Morne Formon, Ravine
du Sud. Judd 3647b, Skean 1366. (=? D. semihastatum (Kuntze) C.
Chr.)

D,yopten's denticulam (Sw.) Kuntze. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest
(occasional), 1650-2340 m; Morne Formon, Pic Macaya. Judd 3667b,
4150.

D,yopten's paleacea (Sw.) Hand.-Man Terrestrial herb; moist pine
forest/cloud forest (occasional/common), 1900-2340 m; Morne
Formon, Pic Macaya. Judd 4082, 4133, 4153. Skean 1407. Det. Rolla
Tryon.

Elaphoglossum chartaceum (Baker ex Jenman) C. Chr. Terrestrial and
epiphytic herb; moist pine forest (common), 1650-2340 m; Morne
Formon, Pic Macaya. Judd 3521. 3772. 4142. Det. J. T. Mickel
(4142).

Elaphoglossum crinitum (L.) Christ. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on
limestone (uncommon), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3536.
(=Hymenodium cdnitum (L.) Fte)

Elaphoglossum peltatum (Sw.) Urb. Epiphytic herb; moist forest on
limestone, moist pine forest/cloud forest (occasional), 950-1650 m;
Bois Formon, southern slope of Morne Formon. Judd 3465, 3815.

Elaphoglossum revolumm (Liebm.) Moore. Epiphytic herb; cloud forest
(occasional), 1450-1780 m; Ravine du Sud (northern slopes of Morne
Formon). Skean 1340. Det. J. T. Mickel.

Lomanopsis amydrophlebia (Slosson) Holttum. Terrestrial herb; moist forest
on limestone (occasional), ca 1000 m; Bois Formon. Skean 1202.

Poiystichum echinatum (Gmel.) Christ. Terrestrial or epiphytic herb; moist
forest on limestone, moist pine forest/cloud forest, often in open



38 BULLEmN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

rocky areas (common), 950-2340 m; Bois Formon, Morne Formon,
Pic Macaya. Judd 3997. 3999, 4139. Skean 1472. Det. J. T. Mickel.

Pob'stichum poNstichifonne (Fte) Maxon. Terrestrial herb; moist pine
forest/cloud forest (occasional), 1620-1660 m; southern slopes of
Morne Formon. Judd 3804. Det. J. T. Mickel.

Tectaria h*ocrepis (Jacq.) Copel. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on
limestone, cloud forest (common), 950-1530 m; Bois Formon,
Ravine du Sud (northern slopes of Morne Formon). Judd 3446,
3533. Skean 1246. 1353.

Family Aspleniaceae (1/3)

Asplenium myriophyllum (Sw.) Presl. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on
limestone (occasional), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3430,3606,
Skean 1186. Det. Rolla Tryon.

Asplenium praemorsum Sw. Epiphytic herb; moist pine forest (occasional),
1650-1770 m; Morne Formon. Judd 3643a.

Asplenium sen'a Langsd. & Fisch. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest/cloud
forest (common), 1450-1800 m; Morne Formon, Ravine du Sud.
Judd 3735, Skean 1332.

Family Davalliaceae (1/3)

Nephrolepis multillora (Roxb.) Jarrett ex Morton. Terrestrial herb; moist
forest on limestone, pine forest, often on rocks (common), 950-1050
m; Bois Formon, Ravine du Sud. Frans 7. Skean 1272.

Nephrolepis pectinata (Willd.) Schot. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest
(occasional), 1430-1675 m; southern slopes of Morne Formon.
Skean 1517.

Nephrolepis n'vulans (Vahl) Mett. Epiphytic herb; moist forest on limestone
(common), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3535.

Family Blechnaceae (1/5)

Blechnum dive,gens (Kunze) Mett. Epiphytic herb; cloud forest (common),
1900-2200 m; Morne Formon. Judd 4086.

Blechnum fragile (Liebm.) Morton & Lell . Epiphytic herb; moist pine
forest/cloud forest (common), 1600-2200 m; Morne Formon. Skean
1515.

Blechnum occidentale L. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on limestone, moist
pine forest (common), 950-1770 m; Bois Formon, southern slope of
Morne Formon. Judd 3540,3650.



JUDD: FLORISTIC STUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 39

Blechnum merckheimii Brause. Terrestrial herb; moist· pine forest (common),
2200-2340 m; Pic Macaya. Judd 4144. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Blechnum underwoodianum (Broudh.) C. Chr. Tree fern; moist pine forest
(common), 1650-2340 m; Morne Formon, Pic Macaya. Judd 3549.
4141, 4166, Skean 1400.

Family Polypodiaceae (7/22)

Campyloneumm angust*lium (Sw.) Fte. Epiphytic or terrestrial herb; moist
forest on limestone, moist pine forest (common), 1000-2340 m; Bois
Formon, Morne Formon, Pic Macaya. Judd 3641, 3666, 4152, Skean
1564.

Campyloneumm veramm Eaton. Epiphytic or terrestrial herb; moist forest on
limestone, moist pine forest (common), 950-1770 m; Bois Formon,
southern slopes of Morne Formon. Judd 3453b. 3445b, 3636a, Skean
1271.

Grammitis apiculata (Klotzsch) Seymour. Epiphytic herb ; moist forest on
limestone (occasional), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3523a.
Skean 1187. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Grammitis cremta Maxon. Epiphytic herb; cloud forest (occasional), 1700-
1800 m (to as low as 1500 m, Ekman field notes); Morne Formon.
Judd 3600, Skean 1375.

Grammitis cultrata (Willd.) Proctor. Epiphytic herb ; moist pine forest/cloud
forest (occasional), 1800-2200 m; Morne Formon. Judd 3883, Skean
1471.

Grammitis firma 0. Smith) Morton. Epiphytic herb; moist pine forest
(uncommon), 2300-2340 m; Pic Macaya. Judd 4162.

Grammitis jitrcata Hk. & Grev. Epiphytic herb; moist forest on limestone
(rare), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 348Ob.

Grammitis maiginella (Sw.) Sw. Epiphytic herb; moist pine forest/cloud forest
(rare), 1900-2300 m; Pic Macaya (to "The Saddle" connecting this
peak with Morne Formon). Judd 4129.

Grammitis moniliformis (Sw.) Proctor. Epiphytic herb ; moist pine forest
(occasional), 2250-2340 m; Pic Macaya. Judd 4161, Skean 1405. Det.
Rolla Tryon.

Grammitis pendula (Sw.) Proctor. Epiphytic herb; moist forest on limestone
(occasional), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3523b, Skean 1188.
Det. Rolla Tryon.

Microgramma lycopodioides (L.) Cope\. Epiphytic herb ; moist forest on
limestone, moist pine forest (common), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon,
Ravine du Sud. Judd 34458. 3447a, 4119, Skean 1236.



40 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

Microgramma piloselloides (L.) Copel. Epiphytic or terrestrial herb; moist
forest on limestone (common), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd
3447b, 4009, Skean 1230.

Neurodium lanceolatum (L.) Fte. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest, rocky
ledges (common), ca 1000 m; Ravine du Sud. Judd 4112.

Niphidium crassifolium (L.) Lell. Epiphytic or terrestrial herb; moist forest on
limestone, often in disturbed open areas, open rocky pine forest
(common), 950-1730 m; Bois Formon, southern slope of Morne
Formon, Ravine du Sud. Judd 3670, 3792, 4118, Skean 1235.

Pleopeltis macrocatpa (Cav.) Maxon. Epiphytic herb; moist pine forest
(common), 1650-1770 m; Morne Formon. Judd 3636b.

Po6podium aureum L. Epiphytic or terrestrial herb; moist forest on
limestone (occasional), 930-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3940, Skean
1154.

Polypodium dissimile L. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on limestone
(uncommon), ca 960 m; Bois Formon. Judd 4001.

Po6podium lasiopus Klotzsch. Terrestrial or epiphytic herb; moist pine forest
(rare), ca 1800 m; Morne Formon. Judd 3714.

Po#podium lon'ceum L. Usually epiphytic herb; moist pine forest, often
disturbed areas (occasional/common), 1430-2340 m; Morne Formon,
Pic Macaya. Judd 3638.4164, Skean 1513.

Polypodium pectinatum L. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on limestone
(occasional), ca 1000 m; Bois Formon. Skean 1280.

Po6podium po6Fodioides (L.) Watt. Epiphytic or terrestrial herb; moist
forest on limestone, often in disturbed areas, pine forest (occasional),
950-1260 m; Bois Formon, Ravine du Sud. Judd 4024. 4115, Skean
1299.

Polypodium squamatum L Epiphytic or terrestrial herb; moist forest on
limestone, disturbed open areas, pine forest (occasional), 950-1260
m; Bois Formon, Ravine du Sud. Judd 3456b, 3930, 4114.

Class Coniferopsida
Order Coniferales

Family Pinaceae (1/1)

Pinus occidentalis SN. Tree; dominant tree forming pinelands, or scattered
overstory tree in cloud forest (abundant), 1000-2340 m; Morne
Formon, M. Cavalier, Ravine du Sud, Pic Macaya. Judd 3632,3993,
Skean 1458. Endemic to Hispaniola.



JUDD: FLORISTIC STUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 41

Class Angiospermopsida
Superorder Annoniftorae

Order Annonales
Family Illiciaceae (1/1)

Imcium ekmanii A. C. Smith. Shrub; moist forest on limestone, moist pine
forest/cloud forest (occasional), 950-1560 m; Bois Formon, Morne
Cavalier. Judd 4038. Skean 1194. 1260, 1313, 1662, 2089. Endemic
to Hispaniola.

Family Chloranthaceae (1/1)

Hedyosmum nutans Sw. Shrub; moist forest on limestone, disturbed area
(occasional), ca 974 m; Bois Formon. Skean 1501.

Family Lauraceae (5/7)

Beilschmiedia pendula (Sw.) Hemsl. Tree; moist forest on limestone, pine
forest (common), 930-1250 m; Bois Formon, Ravine du Sud. Judd
3524,3526,3936.

Phoebe ct montanum Griseb. Tree; moist forest on limestone (common),
930-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3946. Skean 1283.

Nectandra coriacea (Sw.) Griseb. Tree; moist forest on limestone
(occasional), 950-1000 m; Bois Formon. Skean 1294.

Nectandra membranacea (Sw,) Griseb. Tree; moist forest on limestone
(occasional), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Skean 1143.

Ocotea foeniculacea Mez. Tree; moist pine forest/cloud forest (occasional),
1800-2100 m; Morne Formon. Judd 3891, 3896.

Persea americana Mill . Tree; moist forest on limestone (occasional ), 930-
1050 m; Bois Formon. Introduced. Judd 3957.

Persea anomala Britt. & Wils. Tree; moist pine forest/cloud forest
(common), 1500-2200 m; Morne Formon, M. Cavalier, Ravine du
Sud, Pic Macaya. Judd 3727. 3867, Skean 1432, 1527, 1537, 2109,
(=Persea ekmanii O. C. Schmidt)

Family Piperaceae (3/19)

Lepianthes umbeUatum (L.) Raf. Shrub; moist forest on limestone, especially
disturbed openings (very common), 930-1560 m; Bdis Formon,
southern slopes of Morne Formon, M. Cavalier. Judd 3951, Skean
1163. (=Pothomotphe umbellata (L.) Miq.)



42 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

Peperomia acuminata Ruiz & Pav. Terrestrial or epiphytic herb ; moist pine
forest/cloud forest (common), 1650-2340 m; Morne Formon, Pic
Macaya. Judd 3663, 4127, Skean 1401.

Peperomia alata Ruiz & Pav. Terrestrial or epiphytic herb ; moist forest on
limestone (occasional), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 4000, Skean
1276.

Peperomia distachya U.) Dietr. Epiphytic or terrestrial herb ; moist forest on
limestone (very common), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3443,
3456a, Skean 1192.

Peperomia dominicana DC. Terrestrial herb ; pine forest (occasional), ca 1000
m; Ravine du Sud. Thompson En. 6 Feb. 1984. Endemic to
Hispaniola.

Peperomia galioides HBK. Epiphytic herb ; moist pine forest/ cloud forest
(rare), 1650-1800 m; Morne Formon. Judd 3760.

Peperomia glabella (Sw.) Dietr. Epiphytic or terrestrial herb ; moist pine
forest/cloud forest (common), 1500-1770 m; Morne Formon, Ravine
du Sud. Judd 3662, Skean 1377.

Peperomia hemand(folia (Vahl) Dietr. Terrestrial or epiphytic herb; moist
forest on limestone (common), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd
3473.

Peperomia hispidula (Sw.) Dietr. Terrestrial herb ; moist forest on limestone
(common), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3470.

Peperomia magnoliifolia (Jacq.) Dietr. var. microphylla Dahlst. Epiphytic
herb; moist forest on limestone (common), 950-1050 m; Bois
Formon. Judd 3476.

Peperomia michelensis Trel. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on limestone
(common), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3444, Skean 1270.
Endemic to Massif de La Hotte.

Peperomia obtusifolia (L) Dietr. Terrestrial herb ; moist forest on limestone,
moist pine forest/cloud forest (common), 1200-2070 m; Bois
Formon, Morne Formon. Judd 3880,3967.

Peperomia tenella (Sw.) Dietr. Epiphytic or terrestrial herb ; moist forest on
limestone, moist pine forest (common), 950-1770 m; Bois Formon,
Morne Formon. Judd 3654, Skean 1162.

Peperomia tetraphylla (S. Forst.) Hook. & Arn.. Epiphytic herb ; moist pine
forest/cloud forest (occasional), 1650-1800 m; Morne Formon. Judd
3656.3759.

Piper aduncum L. Shrub; moist forest on limestone, pine forest (common),
950-1250 m; Bois Formon, Ravine du Sud. Franz 4. Judd 4003.

Piper conjusum DC. Shrub; moist forest on limestone (occasional), 950- 1050
m; Bois Formon. Judd 3438.



JUDD: FLORISTIC STUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 43

Piper hispidum Sw. Shrub; moist forest on limestone (common), moist pine
forest (uncommon), 950-1670 m; Bois Formon, southern slope of
Morne Formon, M. Cavalier. Judd 3665.3948, Skean 1155. 1189.

Piper mgosum Lam. Small tree; moist pine forest/cloud forest (common),
1620-1660 m; southern slope of Morne Formon. Judd 3805.

Piper oviedoi Urb. Shrub; moist forest on limestone (6ccasional ), 950- 1050
m; Bois Formon. Skean 1204, 1243. Endemic to Massif de La Hotte
and Massif de La Selle.

Order Berberidales
Family Menispermaceae (1/1)

Cissampelos pareira L Vine; moist forest on limestone, moist pine
forest/cloud forest (common), 930-1800 m; Bois Formon, Morne
Formon, Ravine du Sud. Judd 3947. Skean 1333.

Family Ranunculaceae (2/2)

Clematis dioica L. Vine; moist pine forest (occasional), 1650- 1700 m;
southern slope of Morne Formon. Judd 3835.

Ranunculus recurvatus Poir. var. tropicus (Griseb.) Fawc. & Rendle.
Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest/cloud forest (occasional/common),
1800-2340 m; Morne Formon, Pic Macaya. Skean 1396, 1541.

Family Papaveraceae (1/1)

Bocconia Butescens L. Shrub; moist forest on limestone, moist pine
forest/cloud forest, especially disturbed openings (very common),
950-2300 m; Bois Formon, Morne Formon, M. Cavalier, Ravine du
Sud, Pic Macaya. Judd 3537, Skean 1360.

Superorder Chenopoditflorae
Order Chenopodiales

Family Phytolaccaceae (2/2)

Petiven'a alliacea L. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on limestone, disturbed
openings (occasional), 800 m; Bois Formon. Not collected.

Phytolacca rivinoides Kunth & Boucht. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on
limestone, moist pine forest/cloud forest, clearings (occasional/
common), 950-1650 m; Bois Formon, Morne Formon, M. Cavalier.
Judd 3660, Skean 1150.



44 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

Family Caryophyllaceae (3/3)

Cerastium glomeratum Thuill . Terrestrial herb ; moist forest on limestone,
moist pine forest/cloud forest, open disturbed areas (common), 950-
1560 m; Bois Formon, southern slopes of Morne Formon, M.
Cavalier. Judd 4048.

Drymaria cordata (L.) Willd . Terrestrial herb; moist forest on limestone,
open disturbed areas (uncommon), ca 950 m; Bois Formon. Not
collected.

Stellana media (L.) Vill. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on limestone, open
disturbed areas (occasional), 950-1300 m; Bois Formon, southern
slopes of Morne Formon. Introduced. Judd 3918.

Family Nyctaginaceae (1/1)

Pisonia aculeam L. Scrambling shrub; moist forest on limestone, especially
open areas (uncommon), 900-1000 m; Bois Formon. Skean 1296.

Family Amaranthaceae (1/1)

Chamissoa altissima (Jacq.) HBK. Terrestrial herb: moist forest on
limestone, disturbed openings (occasional), 950-1250 m; Bois
Formon. Judd 3976.

Family Cactaceae (1/1)

Rhipsalis baccifera (Soland . ex J. Mill ) Steam Epiphytic herb ; moist forest on
limestone (occasional), 950-1250 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3988, Skean
1576a.

Superorder Theiftorae
Order Theales

Family Theaceae (2/2)

Cleyera temstroemioides (0. E. Schmidt) Kobuski. Tree/shrub; moist pine
forest/cloud forest (occasional), 1620-2200 m; Morne Formon. Judd
3818. Endemic to Massif de La Hotte (Morne Formon).

Temstroemia barked Ekm. & Schmidt. Shrub to small tree; moist pine
forest/cloud forest (common), 1900-2200 m; Morne Formon, "The
Saddle" between M. Formon and Pic Macaya. Judd 4087. Skean
1477, 1668. 2102. Endemic to Massif de La Hotte (Morne Formon,
Pic Macaya).



JUDD: FLORISrIC STUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 45

Family Symplocaceae (1/1)

5>mplocos hotteana Urb. & Ekm. Small tree; moist pine forest/cloud forest
(occasional), 1650-2200 m; Morne Formon. Judd 3854, Skean 1670.
2105. Endemic to Massif de La Hotte (Morne Formon).

Family Aquifoliaceae (1/2)

Ilex macfadyenii (Walp.) Rehder. Shrub to small tree; moist pine
forest/cloud forest (common), 1800-2300 m; Morne Formon, Pic
Macaya. Judd 3865,4124. Skean 1390, 1433.

Ilex obcordata Sw. Shrub to small tree; moist pine forest/cloud forest
(common), 1800-2200 m; Morne Formon, Pic Macaya. Judd 3862.
4080, Skean 1444, 1540, 2107.

Family Marcgraviaceae (1/2)

Marcgmvia ohkandm Wr. ex Griseb. Vine; moist forest on limestone
(common), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3478.

Marcgravia rectiflora Triana & Planch. Vine ; moist forest on limestone
(uncommon), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Not collected.

Family Clusiaceae or Guttiferae (2/3)

Clusia clusioides (Griseb.) D'Arcy. Epiphytic or terrestrial shrub; moist forest
on limestone (common), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3497,
Skean 1229, 2086.

Clusia major L Tree; moist forest on limestone (occasional ), 930-960 m;
Bois Formon. Judd 3958.

Garcinia barkedana (Urb. & Ekm.) Judd. Shrub; moist forest on limestone
(occasional), 950-1050 m (-1500 m, Ekman field notes); Bois
Formon, southern slopes of Morne Formon. Judd 3464. Endemic to
Massif de La Hotte (Formon region). Robson (1958) has suggested
that Rheedia be merged into Garcinia. The combination is made
here; basionym: Rheedia barkeriana Urb. & Ekm., Arkiv. Bot.
22A(10): 18. 1929.

Order Ericales
Family Ericaceae (4/4)

Gaultheiia domingensis Urb. Shrub; moist pine forest (uncommon), 2100-
2200 m; ridge leading to peak on southern slope of  Pic Macaya. Judd
4123, Skean 1434.



46 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

Lyonia mbiginosa (Pers.) G. Don var. costam (Urb.) Judd. Tree to shrub;
moist pine forest/cloud forest (occasional), 1450-1800 m; Morne
Formon, Ravine du Sud (northern slopes of Morne Formon). Judd
3754, Skean 1344. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Sphyrospermum majus Griseb. Epiphytic shrub; moist forest on limestone,
moist pine forest/cloud forest (common), 950-2200 m; Bois Formon,
Morne Formon, M. Cavalier, Ravine du Sud, Pic Macaya. Judd 3455,
3529.3711. 3770.3834. 3913.3984, 4051.4137. Skean 1305. 1449.
Extremely variable: leaves acuminate to rounded at apex, flowers
white to pink, ovary glabrous to pubescent.

T/accinium mcemosum (Vahl) Wilbur & Luteyn. Scrambling shrub/vine;
moist forest on limestone, moist pine forest/cloud forest (common),
950-2200 m; Bois Formon, Morne Formon, Pic Macaya. Judd 3472,
.,086. 4131. Skean 1181. 1184. 1435 , 1673. [= Symphysia racemosa
(Vahl) Stearn; the generic placement of this taxon is in doubt.]

Order Ebenales
Family Sapotaceae (3/3)

Chgsophyllum amenteum Jacq. Tree; moist forest on limestone (common),
950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3509, 4016. Skean 1141.

Dipholis cubensis (Griseb.) Pierre. Shrub; moist forest on limestone, moist
pine forest/cloud forest (common), 1200-1800 m; Bois Formon,
Morne Formon, Ravine du Sud. Judd 3819. 3979. Skean 1338.
Generic delimitations in group are problematical; species sometimes
considered in Bumelia.

Micropholis polita (Griseb.) Pierre subsp. hotteana Judd. Tree; moist forest
on limestone (common), 950-1250 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3435.
3927. Endemic to Massif de La Hotte (subsp.polita in Cuba).

Order Primulales
Family Theophrastaceae (1/1)

Jacquinia eggenii Urb. Shrub; moist forest on limestone (occasional), 950-
1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3501.

Family Myrsinaceae (3/6)

Ardisia jitertesii Urb. Shrub; moist forest on limestone, cloud forest
(common), 950-1660 m; Bois Formon, Morne Formon. Judd 3498.
3816, Skean 1290, 2083.

Afyrsine coriacea (Sw.) R. Br. ex Roem. & Schult. Shrub to tree; moist forest
on limestone (uncommon), moist pine forest/cloud forest (very



JUDD: FLORISTIC STUDY HAITIANNATIONAL PARKS 47

common), 950-2300 m; Bois Formon, Morne Formon, M. Cavalier,
Ravine du Sud, Pic Macaya. Judd 3630, 3885, 4022b, 4037, 4147,
Skean 1394, 1654, 2111.

Myrsine magnoliifolia (Urb. & Ekm.) Alain. Small tree ; moist pine
forest/cloud forest (uncommon), 1800-2200 m; Morne Formon.
Skean 1475, 1676, 2110. Endemic to Massif de La Hotte (Morne
Formon).

Wallenia aquifolia Urb. & Ekm. Shrub; moist pine forest (occasional), 2100-
2300 m; ridge on southern slope of Pic Macaya; Ekman also reports
(in field notes) from elevations as low as 1550 m on Morne Formon.
Judd 4128, Skean 1388. Endemic to Massif de La Hotte and Massif
de La Selle.

Wallenia ekmanii Urb. Tree; moist forest on limestone (occasional), 950-
1050 m; Bois Formon. Skean 1578. Endemic to Massif de La Hotte.

Wallenia formonensis Judd. Tree; moist pine forest/cloud forest (occasional),
ca 1520 m; southern slopes of Morne Formon. Skean 1524.
Endemic to Massif de La Hotte (Morne Formon).

Order Polygonales
Family Polygonaceae (1/2)

Coccoloba costata Wr. ex Sauv. Shrub to tree; moist forest on limestone
(occasional), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3499. Skean 1178.

Coccoloba pauciffora Urb. Shrub to small tree; moist pine forest/cloud forest
(occasional), 1530-1650 m; Morne Cavalier. Judd 4027. Endemic to
Hispaniola.

Superorder Celastriflorae
Order Celastrales

Family Celastraceae (1/1)

Maytenus cf. hotteana Urb. Shrub; moist forest on limestone (uncommon),
950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3465a. Endemic to Massif de La
Hotte.

Superorder Santaliflorae
Order Santalales

Family Loranthaceae (1/1)

Dendropemon parv(folius (Sw.) Steud. Epiphytic and parasitic shrub; moist
pine forest/cloud forest (common), 1450-1650 m; southern slopes of
Morne Formon, M. Cavalier. Judd 3831, 4057.



48 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

Family Viscaceae (2/7)

Dendrophthom bmchystacha Urb. Epiphytic and parasitic shrub; moist pine
forest (common), 1650-1800 m; Morne Formon. Judd 3645.
Endemic to Hispaniola.

Dendrophthom camosa Urb. & Ekm. Epiphytic and parasitic shrub; moist
pine forest/cloud forest (common), 1650-2200 m; Morne Formon,
"The Saddle" to Pic Macaya. Judd 3621, 3757.4092, Skean 1459,
1666b. Endemic to the Massif de La Hotte (Morne Formon, Pic
Macaya).

Dendrophthora cupressoides (Mact) Eichl. Epiphytic and parasitic shrub;
moist pine forest/cloud forest (occasional), 1530-1560 m; Morne
Cavalier. Judd 4056.

Dendrophthom se,pyll(folia (Griseb.) Krug & Urb. Epiphytic and parasitic
shrub; moist forest on limestone (common), 950-1050 m; Bois
Formon. Judd 3468,3516.

Dendrophthom versicolor Urb. & Ekm. Epiphytic and parasitic shrub; moist
pine forest/cloud forest (common), 2100-2340 m; Morne Formon,
Pic Macaya. Judd 4091, Skean 1397. Endemic to Massif de La Hotte
(M. Formon/Pic Macaya region).

Phomdendron anceps (Spreng.) Krug & Urb. Epiphytic and parasitic shrub;
moist forest on limestone (occasional), 1200-1250 m; Bois Formon.
Judd 3989.

Phomdendron p<peroides (HBK.) Trel. Epiphytic and parasitic shrub; moist
forest on limestone (occasional), 930-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd
3938.

Superorder Violiflorae
Order Violates

Family Flacourtiaceae (4/4)

Banara splendens Urb. Tree; moist pine forest/cloud forest (common), 1400-
1650 m; southern slopes of Morne Formon. Judd 3830, Skean 1508.
Endemic to Hispaniola. (= B. hotteana Urb. & Ekm.)

Casearta sylvestris Sw. Shrub; moist forest on limestone (occasional), 950-
1050 m; Bois Formon. Skean 1145a, 1282.

Lunania mauntii Urb. Shrub; moist forest on limestone (common), 950-1250
m; Bois Formon. Judd 3461, 3507, 3977. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Samyda dodecandra Jacq. Shrub; moist forest on limestone (occasional), 950-
1050 m; Bois Formon. Skean 1262.



JUDD: FLORISI'IC SrUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 49

Family Passifloraceae (1/2)

Pass(/lora mumcuja L. Vine; moist pine forest/cloud forest (uncommon),
1370-1650 m; Morne Formon, M. Cavalier. Skean 1502.

Passiflora sexflora Juss. Vine ; moist forest on limestone, moist pine
forest/cloud forest (common), 930-1650 m; Bois Formon, Morne
Formon, M. Cavalier, Ravine du Sud. Judd 4030, 4120, Skean 1245.

Family Cucurbitaceae (1/1)

Cayaponia amen'cana (Lam.) Cogn. Vine; moist forest on limestone,
disturbed openings (common), 950-1230 m; Bois Formon. Judd
3981.

Family Begoniaceae (1/2)

Begonia plumieri DC. Terrestrial herb ; moist pine forest/cloud forest
(common), 1450-1800 m; Morne Formon, Ravine du Sud. Judd
3791. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Begonia pycnantha Urb. & Ekm. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on limestone
(occasional), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3528, Skean 1252.
Endemic to Hispaniola.

Order Capparales
Family Brassicaceae or Cruciferae (2/2)

Brassica campestnk L. Terrestrial herb; disturbed clearings and fields
(common), ca 1600-1750 m; Morne Formon. Not collected.
Introduced.

Lepidium vitginicum L. Terrestrial herb; disturbed clearings and fields
(common), ca 1650 m; Morne Formon. Not collected.

Superorder Malviflorae
Order Malvales

Family Tiliaceae (1/1)

Tdumfetta semitdloba Jacq. Terrestrial herb; disturbed openings (common),
950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Not collected.



50 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

Family Bombacaceae (1/1)

Bombar ema,ginatum (A. Rich.) A. Robyns. Tree; moist forest on limestone
(uncommon), ca 1000 m; Bois Formon. Skean 1308.

Family Malvaceae (4/5)

Anoda hastam Cav. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on limestone, disturbed
openings (uncommon), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Skean 1312.

Hibiscus tHiaceus L. Tree; moist forest on limestone (uncommon), 950-1000
m; Bois Formon. Judd 3952, Skean 1277. Probably persisting after
cultivation.

Sida acuta Burm. f. Terrestrial herb ; moist forest on limestone, disturbed
openings and fields (common), 900-1200 m; Bois Formon. Not
collected.

Sida rhomb(folia L, Terrestrial herb; moist forest on limestone, disturbed
openings and fields (occasional), 900-1050 m; Bois Formon. Not
collected.

Urena lobata L Terrestrial herb or subshrub; moist forest on limestone,
disturbed openings and fields (common), 950-1250 m; Bois Formon.
Not collected.

Order Urticales
Family Ulmaceae (1/2)

Trema lamarckiana (R. & Sch.) Blume. Tree; pine forest (occasional), ca
1000 m; Ravine du Sud. Judd 4105.

Trema micrantha (L.) Blume. Tree; moist pine forest/cloud forest
(occasional/common), 1450-1850 m; Morne Formon, M. Cavalier,
Ravine du Sud. Judd 3769,4047, Skean 1334.

Family Urticaceae (including Moraceae, Cecropiaceae) (5/19)

Cecropia peltata L. Tree; moist forest on limestone (occasional/common),
950-1250 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3973, Skean 1565.

Ficus citrifolia Mill . Tree; moist forest on limestone (common), 950- 1050 m;
Bois Formon. Judd 3490.

Ficus sufocans Griseb. Tree; pine forest (uncommon), ca 1000 m; Ravine du
Sud. Judd 4102.

Gyromenia mynocatpa Griseb. Shrub to small tree; moist forest on limestone,
moist pine forest/cloud forest (occasional/common), 1200-1800 m;
Bois Formon, southern slopes of Morne Formon, Ravine du Sud.
Judd 3633,4104, Skean 1505, 1525.



JUDD: FLORISTIC SIUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 51

Pilea baltenweckii Urb. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on limestone, cloud
forest (occasional), 950-1700 m; Bois Formon, southern slopes of
Morne Formon. Skean 1175.1514. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Pilea distant<folia Urb. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on limestone (very
common), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3440, Skean 1176, 1182,
1249. Endemic to Massif de La Hotte.

PUea domingensis Urb. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on limestone, cloud
forest (occasional), 950-2200 m; Bois Formon, Morne Formon. Judd
3504. Skean 1278.1474. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Pilea formonensis Urb. & Ekm. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest/cloud
forest (common), 1700-2200 m; Morne Formon, Ravine du Sud,
southern slope of Pic Macaya. Judd 3644, Skean 1448. Endemic to
Massif de La Hotte (high elevations).

Pilea hepatica Urb. & Ekm. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on limestone
(occasional), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3494. Endemic to
Massif de La Hotte and Massif de La Selle.

Pilea leptocardia Urb. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest/cloud forest
(common), 1450-1800 m; Morne Formon, M. Cavalier, Ravine du
Sud. Judd 4050. Skean 1336. Endemic to Massif de La Hotte and
Massif de La Selle.

Pilea microphyUa (L.) Liebm. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest, especially
open rocky areas (very common), 1650-2200 m; Morne Formon,
southern slope of Pic Macaya. Judd 3742, 4140.

Pilea aff. P. microphylla (L.) Liebm. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest,
especially open rocky areas (common), 1500-1770 m; southern slopes
of Morne Formon. Judd 3624. Skean 1530.

Pilea parietaria (L.) Blume. Terrestrial herb ; moist forest on limestone
(common), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Skean 1250.

Pilea se,pyllacea (HBK.) Liebm. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest/cloud
forest (common), 1530-1750 m; Morne Formon, M. Cavalier. Judd
4049. Endemic to Massif de La Hotte.

Pilea stolon(fera (Sw.) Wedd. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on limestone
(common), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Skean 1196, 1251. Endemic
to Massif  de La Hotte and Massif de La Selle.

Pilea cf. torbeciana Urb. & Ekm. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on limestone
(uncommon), 950-1200 m; Bois Formon. Skean 1248. Endemic to
Massif de La Hotte.

Pilea sp. nov. aff. P. fonnonensis. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on limestone
(common), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3531. Skean 1348, 1185.
1199.



52 BULLETIN FLORIDA SrATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

Pilea sp. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on limestone (uncommon), ca 975 m;
Bois Formon. Skean 1500.

Urem bacc(fera (L.) Wedd. Subshrub; moist forest on limestone
(uncommon), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3953.

Order Euphorbiales
Family Euphorbiaceae (7/7)

Alchomea latifolia Sw. Tree; moist forest on limestone (common), 930- 1370
m; Bois Formon. Judd 4008.4055. Skean 1264, 1570.

Chamaesyce hypericifolia (L.) Millsp. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on
limestone, open, disturbed areas (occasional), ca 1000 m; Bois
Formon. Not collected.

Croton glabe#us L. Moist forest on limestone, moist pine forest/cloud forest
(uncommon), 1000-1780 m; Bois Formon, Morne Formon, Ravine
du Sud. Skean 1329. 1569.

Gymnanthes lucida Sw. Shrub to tree; moist forest on limestone (common),
950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3503, Skean 1304.

Hyeronima domingensis Urb. Small tree; moist forest on limestone, disturbed
area (uncommon), 910-940 m; Bois Formon. Skean 1322. Endemic
to Massif de La Selle and Massif de La Hotte. Det. Grady L.
Webster.

Phyllanthus myriophyllus Urb. Shrub: moist forest on limestone (very
common), 950-1250 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3459,3987, Skean 1133,
1653. Endemic to Massif de La Hotte.

Sapium haitiense Urb. Shrub; moist forest on limestone, moist pine
forest/cloud forest (uncommon/occasional), 950-1650 m; Bois
Formon, southern slopes of Morne Formon. Judd 4043. Skean 1241.
Endemic to Massif de La Hotte.

Family Thymeliaceae (1/2)

Daphnopsis amen'cana (Mill.) Johnston subsp. tinifolia (Sw.) Nevl. Shrub to
tree; moist forest on limestone (occasional), 950-1050 m; Bois
Formon. Judd 3956.

Daphnopsis crassifolia (Poir.) Meissn. Shrub; moist pine forest/cloud forest
(common), 1500-1660 m; southern slopes of Morne Formon, M.
Cavalier, Ravine du Sud. Judd 3801. 4028. Skean 1355. Endemic to
Hispaniola.



JUDD: FLORISTIC SIUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 53

Superorder Geraniiflorae
Order Geraniales

Family Oxalidaceae (1/1)

Oxalis comiculam L. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest, disturbed openings
(occasional), 1800-2100 m; Morne Formon. Judd 3881.

Family Malpighiaceae (3/4)

Byrsonima lucida (Mill.) DC. Moist forest on limestone (occasional), 950-
1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3619. Det. William R. Anderson.

Stigmaphynon angulosum (L) A. Juss. Vine; moist forest on limestone
(occasional/common), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3462. Skean
1153.

Stigmaphyllon emaginatum (Cav.) Juss. Vine; moist forest on limestone
(occasional), 950-1250 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3963.

Tetrapterys citrifolia (Sw) Pers. Shrub; moist forest on limestone
(uncommon), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Skean 1555. Det. William
R. Anderson.

Family Polygalaceae (2/2)

Po#gala penaea L. Shrub to small tree; moist forest on limestone (common),
950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 4006.

Securidaca virgata Sw. Vine; moist forest on limestone (occasional), 950-1050
m; Bois Formon. Skean 117la.

Superorder Rutiflorae
Family Rutaceae (3/4)

Amyns apiculam Urb. & Ekm. Shrub to small tree; moist forest on limestone
(occasional), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3434. Endemic to
Massif de La Hotte (Formon region).

Cilms aurantium L Tree; moist forest on limestone, moist pine forest/cloud
forest (uncommon), 950-1550 m; Bois Formon, Morne Cavalier. Not
collected. Introduced.

Zanthoxylum haitiense (Urb.) Jimtnez. Shrub; moist forest on limestone
(rare), 1200-1250 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3969. Endemic to the
Massif de La Hotte. Det. T. Zanoni.

Zanthoxylum mamnicense (Lam.) DC. Small tree; moist forest on limestone
(occasional), 950-1100 m; Bois Formon. Judd 4005.



54 BULLETIN FLORIDA SI'ATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

Family Meliaceae (2/2)

Guarea guidonia (L.) Sleumer. Tree; moist forest on limestone (common),
950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Skean 1225.

Trichilia havanensis Jacq. Shrub to small tree; moist forest on limestone,
moist pine forest/cloud forest (common), 1200-1780 m; Bois
Formon, southern slopes of Morne Formon, M. Cavalier, Ravine du
Sud. Judd 3659,3985. Skean 1324. 1512.

Family Anacardiaceae (1/1)

Comocladia pinnatifoliaL. Tree; moist forest on limestone (occasional), 950-
1050 m; Bois Formon. Skean 1567.

Family Myricaceae (1/1)

Afy,Yca picardae Krug & Urb. Shrub; moist pine forest/cloud forest, especially
windswept ridges (occasional), 2100-2250 m; Morne Formon, Pic
Macaya. Judd 4089, 4136. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Family Sapindaceae (3/3)

Allophylus rigidus Sw. Shrub; moist forest on limestone, moist pine forest
(very common), 950-1650 m; Bois Formon, southern slopes of
Morne Formon. Judd 4019.

Cupania amen'cana L. Tree; moist forest on limestone (uncommon), 950-
1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3511, Skean 1571.

Serjania polyphylla (L.) Radlk. Vine; moist forest on limestone (common),
930-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3945.

Family Sabiaceae (1/2)

Meliosma abbreviata Urb. Tree; moist pine forest/cloud forest (uncommon),
1650-1800 m; Morne Formon. Judd 3753b. Endemic to Massif de
La Hotte.

Meliosma recurvata Urb. Shrub to small tree; moist forest on limestone
(occasional), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3512. Endemic to
Massif de La Hotte.



JUDD: FLORISTIC STUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 55

Family Leguminosae or Fabaceae (5/5)

Desmodium axillare (Sw.) DC. Terrestrial herb ; moist forest on limestone,
open disturbed areas (common), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Skean
1573.

Inga vera Willd . Tree; moist forest on limestone (occasional ), 930- 1050 m;
Bois Formon. Judd 3959.

Pithecellobium opposinfolium Urb. Shrub; moist forest on limestone, moist
pine forest/cloud forest (occasional), 1140-1560 m; Morne Cavalier
and hills to the south. Judd 4026, Skean 1653b.

Rhynchosia erythrinoides Schlecht. & Cham. Vine; moist forest on limestone
(occasional), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Skean 1302.

Senna ligustdna (L.) Irwin & Barneby. Shrub; moist pine forest (common), ca
1000 m; Ravine du Sud. Judd 4117.

Superorder Rosales
Order Rosales

Family Rosaceae (2/4)

Pnmus mymfolia (L.) Urb. Tree; moist forest on limestone (very common),
930-1250 m; Bois Formon, Ravine du Sud. Judd 3449,3929, 3943,
3962, Skean 1263, 1554.

Prunus occidentalis Sw. Tree; moist forest on limestone, moist pine
forest/cloud forest (common), 930-1660 m; Bois Formon, southern
sIopes of Morne Formon, M. Cavalier. Judd 351Ob, 3652, 3814, 3937,
3982,4052.

Rubus eggersii Rydb. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest/cloud forest
(abundant), 1530-2100 m; Morne Formon, M. Cavalier. Judd 3762b.
4029. Endemic to Hispaniola. The similar Rubus barken'anus is
probably also present but overlooked.

Rubus selleanus Helwig. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest/cloud forest
(abundant), 1650-2300 m; Morne Formon, Pic Macaya. Judd 3762a,
Skean 1426b. 1671. Endemic to Massif de La Hotte and Massif de
La Selle.

Family Crassulaceae (1/1)

Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam.) Pers. Terrestrial herb ; disturbed open areas, 950-
1200 m, Bois Formon. Not collected.



56 BULLETIN FLORIDA SrATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

Family Cunoniaceae (1/1)

Weinmannia pinnata L. Shrub to tree; moist forest on limestone (occasional),
moist pine forest/cloud forest (abundant); 1000-2340 m; Bois
Formon, Morne Formon, M. Cavalier, Ravine du Sud, Pic Macaya.
Judd 3518, 3639. Skean 1425.

Family Brunelliaceae (1/1)

BmneUia comocladi(folia Humb. & Bonpl. subsp. domingensis Cuatr. Tree;
moist forest on limestone (occasional), moist pine forest/cloud forest
(abundant), 950-2340 m; Bois Formon, Morne Formon, M. Cavalier,
Ravine du Sud, Pic Macaya. Judd 3623. 4004. 4067, 4132. Skean
1507.

Family Staphyleaceae (1/1)

Dupinia picardae Urb. Shrub to small tree; moist forest on limestone, moist
pine forest/cloud forest (common), 950-1650 m; Bois Formon,
southern slopes of Morne Formon, M. Cavalier. Judd 4021, Skean
1273. 1528, 1659. Endemic to Massif de La Hotte and Massif de La
Selle.

Superorder Myrtiflorae
Order Myrtales

Family Melastomataceae (10/34)

Cabcogonium apiculamm Urb. & Ekm. Shrub to tree; moist forest on
limestone (common), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3441.
Endemic to Massif de La Hotte.

Ca6/cogonium cf. cabcopten's (L. C. Rich.) Urb. Shrub; moist forest on
limestone (common), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3442, Skean
1247. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Ca6'cogonium torbecianum Urb. & Ekm. Shrub; moist forest on limestone
(uncommon), 1000-1450 m; Bois Formon, southern slopes of Morne
Formon. Judd 3934b. Skean 1140, 2094. Endemic to Massif de La
Hotte (Formon region).

Clidemia cf. capillatis (Sw.) Griseb. Shrub; moist forest on limestone
(uncommon), 800-850 m; Bois Formon. Skean 2078.

Conostegia icosandra (Sw·) Urb. Shrub; moist forest on limestone
(occasional), ca 900 m; Bois Formon. Skean 1577.

Ekmaniocharis crassinervis Urb. Shrub to small tree; moist forest on
limestone (uncommon), 800-1000 m; between Les Platons and



JUDD: FLORISTIC SIUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 57

Soubois. Skean 1660,1665,1642.2079,2115. Endemic to Massif de
La Hotte.

Henrienea barkeri Urb. & Elan. Shrub to tree; moist pine forest/cloud forest
(occasional), 1800-2200 m; Morne Formon. Judd 3890, Skean 1463,
2097. Endemic to Massif de La Selle and Massif de La Hotte;
conspecific with H. eliiptica Urb. (see Judd, 1986d).

Heteromthum angusnfolium DC. Shrub; moist forest on limestone, pine
forest (occasional/common), 950-1000 m; Bois Formon, Ravine du
Sud. Franz 3. Judd 4103. Skean 1563.

Heterobichum umbenatum (Mill.) Urb. Shrub to small tree; moist forest on
limestone (occasional), moist pine forest/cloud forest, especially
disturbed openings (common), 1500-1800 m; Bois Formon, Morne
Formon, M. Cavalier. Judd 3626,4036, Skean 1256.

Mecranium alpestre Urb. Shrub to small tree ; moist pine forest/cloud forest
(uncommon), 2000-2100 m; Morne Formon. Skean 2095, 2101.
Endemic to Massif de La Hotte (Morne Formon).

Mecranium birimosum (Naud.) Triana. Shrub to small tree; moist pine
forest/cloud forest (uncommon), 1500-1800 m; Morne Formon, M.
Cavalier. Judd 3713, 4035. Endemic to Massif de La Selle and
Massif de La Hotte.

Mecranium microdictyum Urb. & Ekm. Shrub to small tree; moist pine
forest/cloud forest (occasional/common), 1450-1780 m; southern
slopes of Morne Formon, M. Cavalier, Ravine du Sud (northern
slope of M. Formon). Judd 3795, 4033, Skean 1335, 1376, 1523.
Endemic to Massif de La Hotte.

Mecranium haitiense Urb. Shrub to tree; moist forest on limestone
(occasional), 950-1450 m; Bois Formon, lower southern slopes of
Morne Formon. Judd 3932, Skean 1258, 1288, 1553. 1557, 1651,
1661, 2092. Endemic to Massif de La Hotte (Formon region); plants
of this region have been described as M. salicifoSum Urb., but these
are likely conspecific with M. haitiense.

Mecranium m'costatum Urb. & Ekm. Shrub to small tree; moist pine
forest/cloud forest (rare), 2100-2150 m; Morne Formon. Skean
1666a, 1667, 2104. Endemic to Massif de La Hotte.

Mecranium tuberculatum Urb. Shrub; moist pine forest/cloud forest
(uncommon), 1800-2200 m; Morne Formon. Skean 1542. Endemic
to Massif de La Hotte and Massif de La Selle.

Mecranium revolutum Skean & Judd. Shrub to tree; moist forest on
limestone (common), cloud forest (uncommon), 950-1600 m; Bois
Formon, southern slope of Morne Formon, Ravine du Sud. Judd
3433, 3934, 3971. Skean 1257, 1315, 1316, 1328, 1350. 1558, 1644,
1649.2091, 2116. Endemic to Massif de La Hotte (Formon region).



58 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

Mecranium revolutum Skean & Judd X M. haitiense Urb. Shrub; disturbed
moist forest on limestone (rare), 1000 m; Bois Formon. Skean 2093.
Det. J. D. Skean, Jr.

Men'ania squamulosa Urb. & Ekm. Shrub; moist pine forest/cloud forest
(uncommon), 1800-2200 m; Morne Formon. Skean 1466. Endemic
to Massif de La Hotte (Morne Formon).

Meriania parvifolia Judd & Skean. Shrub; moist pine forest/cloud forest
(uncommon), (1000-)1450-1800 m; Ravine du Sud (northern slopes
of Morne Formon), Bois Formon. Judd 3755, Skean 1325. 2085.
Endemic to Massif de La Hotte (Morne Formon).

Meriania brevipedunculata Judd & Skean. Shrub; moist forest on limestone
(uncommon), ca 1000 m; Bois Formon. Skean 1287. Endemic to
Massif de La Hotte (Formon region). Note: A fourth species, M.
ekmanii Urb., also has been collected in the high elevations of the
Massif de La Hotte; it is known only from the type gathering, i.e. E.
L. Ekman H5331 (S!), near Torbec, above La-Mare-Proux, 1780 m.
This species is most closely related to M. involucrata (Desr.) Naud.

Miconia apiculam Urb. & Ekm. Tree; moist pine forest/cloud forest
(occasional/very common), 2100-2340 m; Morne Formon, Pic
Macaya. Judd 4062, 4126, Skean 1398, 2100. Endemic to Massif de
La Hotte (high elevations).

Miconia barkeri Urb. & Ekm. Shrub; moist pine forest/cloud forest
(common), 1800-2200 m; Morne Formon. Judd 3758,3868, Skean
1457, 2098, 2112. Endemic to Massif de La Hotte (Morne Formon).

Miconia hypiodes Urb. & Ekm. Shrub to tree; moist pine forest/cloud forest
(common), 1800-2340 m; Morne Formon, Pic Macaya. Judd 3856,
4065, 4081, 4148, Skean 1386, 1464, 2099, 2103. Endemic to Massif
de La Hotte (high elevations).

Miconia laevigata (L.) DC Shrub; moist forest on limestone
(occasional/common), 900-1000 m; Bois Formon. Skean 1275, 1556,
1647.

Miconia macayana Judd & Skean. Shrub; moist pine forest, rocky ridges
(uncommon), ca 2200 m; southern slope of Pic Macaya. Judd 4125.
Skean 1428. Endemic to Massif de La Hotte (southern slope of Pic
Macaya).

Miconia mirabilis (Aubl .) L. O. Williams. Shrub; moist forest on limestone
(rare), ca 900 m; Bois Formon. Skean 1561.

Miconia ossaetfolia Urb. & Ekm. Shrub; moist pine forest/cloud forest
(occasional), 1360-1780 m; Morne Formon, Ravine du Sud. Skean
1327, 1352, 1498. Endemic to Massif de La Hotte.

Miconia subcompressa Urb. & Ekm. Shrub; moist forest on limestone
(abundant), moist pine forest/cloud forest (occasionalkommon),
950-2340 m; Bois Formon, Morne Formon, M. Cavalier, Ravine du



JUDD: FLORISTIC STUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 59

Sud, Pic Macaya. Judd 3460,3669, 3758b, 3933,4034,4044, Skean
1145b, 1652,2084.2118. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Miconia tetrastoma Naud. Shrub; moist pine forest/cloud forest
(occasional/common), 1450-2200 m; Morne Formon, M. Cavalier,
Ravine du Sud (northern slopes of M. Formon). Judd 3741. 4025,
Skean 1346,1379,1470.1538,1677, 2114.

Miconia xenom'cha Urb. & Ekm. Shrub; moist pine forest/cloud forest
(common), 1400-1780 m; Ravine du Sud (northern slopes of M.
Formon). Skean 1326. Endemic to Massif de La H6tte.

Miconia sp. nov. Shrub; cloud forest (uncommon), 1450-1780 m;. Ravine du
Sud. Skean 1347. Probably an undescribed species but possibly a
hybrid between M. barken' and M hypiodes; endemic to Massif de La
Hotte.

Ossaea curv*ila Urb. & Ekm. Shrub; moist forest on limestone (rare), 950-
1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3469. Endemic to Massif de La Hotte
(Formon region).

Ossaea setulosa Urb. Shrub; moist forest on limestone (common), 800- 1050
m; Bois Formon. Judd 3527, Skean 1231, 1320, 2077, 2088.
Endemic to Massif de La Hotte.

Ossaea woodsii Judd & Skean. Shrub; moist pine forest/cloud forest
(occasional), 1450-1780 m; Morne Formon, Ravine du Sud (northern
slopes of M. Formon). Judd 3802, Skean 1367. Endemic to Massif
de La Hotte (Morne Formon).

Pachyanthus cubensis A. Rich. subsp. blancheanus (Urb.) Borhidi. Shrub;
moist pine forest/cloud forest (uncommon), ca 1800 m; Morne
Formon. Judd 3758c. Endemic to Massif de La Hotte (subsp.
cubensis in Cuba).

Pachyanthus hotteana (Urb. & Ekm.) Ekm. Tree; moist forest on limestone
(occasional), 930-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3939. Skean 2080.
Endemic to Hispaniola

Tibouchina longifolia (Vahl) Baill. Shrub; moist forest on limestone, open
disturbed areas (abundant), 900-1600 m; Bois Formon, southern
slopes of Morne Formon, M. Cavalier. Judd 3949, Skean 1503.

Family Onagraceae (1/1)

Fuchsia pringsheimii Urb. Shrub; moist pine forest/cloud forest (common),
1450-2340 m; Morne Formon, Ravine du Sud (northefn slopes of M.
Formon), Pic Macaya. Judd 3725.4160, Skean 1363, 1402. Endemic
to Hispaniola.



60 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

Family Myrtaceae (6/11)

Ca6ptranthes hotteana Urb. & Ekm. Tree; moist pine forest/cloud forest
(common), 1800-2200 m; Morne Formon. Judd 3855, 3858, 4088.
Skean 1462. 1672. 2113. Endemic to Massif de La Hotte (high
elevations).

Calyptranthes nummularia Berg. Shrub; moist forest on limestone, moist pine
forest/cloud forest (Occasional), 1000-1670 m; Bois Formon,
southern slopes of Morne Formon. Judd 3806. Skean 1297.
Endemic to Massif de La Hotte and Massif de La Selle.

Ca6ptmnthes sintenisii Kiaersk. Tree; moist forest on limestone
(uncommon), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3510.

Eugenia chn'sdi Urb. Shrub; moist forest on limestone (occasional), 950-1050
m; Bois Formon. Judd 4017, Skean 1266. Endemic to Massif de La
Hotte.

Eugenia foetida Pers. Shrub; moist forest on limestone (occasional), 950-1050
m; Bois Formon. Skean 1303.

Eugenia fonnonica Urb. & Ekm. Shrub to tree; moist pine forest/cloud forest
(common), 1620-2200 m; Morne Formon. Judd 3817, Skean 1478.
1674. Endemic to Massif de La Hotte (Morne Formon).

Eugenia glabrata (Sw.) DC. Shrub; moist forest on limestone
(occasional/common), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3451. 3452.
3454, Skean 1274. 1301. 1657.

Eugenia sp., possibly E tiburona Urb. & Ekm. Shrub; moist forest on
limestone (rare), ca 950 m; Bois Formon. Skean 1658. Endemic to
Massif de La Hotte.

Gomidesia lindeniana Berg. Shrub to small tree; moist pine forest/cloud
forest (occasional), 1530-1570 m; southern slopes of Morne Formon,
M. Cavalier. Skean 1526.

A*rcia tiburoniana Urb. & Ekm. Shrub; moist forest on limestone
(occasional), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Skean 1307. Endemic to
Massif de La Hotte.

Psidium guajava L. Shrub to small tree; moist forest on limestone, disturbed
areas (common), 900-1000 m; Bois Formon. Skean 1314, 1559.
Introduced.

Syzygium jambos (L) Alston. Tree; moist forest on limestone, disturbed
areas (common), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 4015. Introduced.



JUDD: FLORISTIC SIUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 61

Superorder Corniflorae
Order Cornales

Family Vitaceae (1/2)

Cissus dissecm Urb. & Ekm. Vine; moist pine forest (occasional), 1650-1770
m; southern slopes of Morne Formon. Judd 3668.

Cissus vemcillata (L.) Nicols. & Jarvis. Vine; moist forest on limestone
(common), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3950.

Family Garryaceae (1/1)

Ganya fa*enii Hook. Tree; moist forest on limestone (occasional), moist
pine forest/cloud forest (common/abundant), 1000-2340 m; Bois
Formon, Morne Formon, M. Cavalier, Ravine du Sud, Pic Macaya.
Franz 1, Judd 3495. 3637. 3820, 3859. Skean 1436.

Family Araliaceae (including Apiaceae) (4/6)

Centella asian'ca (L.) Urb. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on limestone, open
disturbed areas (occasional), ca 1000 m; Bois Formon. Not collected.

Dendropanax arboreus (L.) Decne & Planch. Tree; moist forest on limestone,
cloud forest (very common), 930-1650 m; Bois Formon, southern
slopes of Morne Formon. Judd 3453, 3829, 3991, Skean 1232.

Dendropanar selleanus (Urb. & Ekm.) A. C. Smith. Tree; cloud forest
(occasional), 1500-1600 m; southern slopes of Morne Formon. Judd
3807. Endemic to Massif de La Hotte and Massif de La Selle.

Di*mopanax tremulum Krug & Urb. Tree; moist forest on limestone
(occasional), moist pine forest/cloud forest (very common/
conspicuous), 1000-2200 m; Bois Formon, Morne Formon, M.
Cavalier, Ravine du Sud, Pic Macaya. Judd 3768. Skean 1427.
Endemic to Hispaniola.

Hydrocook hirsum Sw. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on limestone, disturbed
areas (occasional), 930-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3954a.

Hydrocoo'le pusilla A. Rich. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest/cloud forest
(occasional/common), 1450-1850 m; Morne Formon, Ravine du Sud.
Judd 3744. Skean 1374.

Superorder Gentianiflorae
Order Oleales

Family Oleaceae (1/1)

Haenianthus oblongatus Urb. Tree; moist pine forest/cloud forest
(occasional/common), 1600-1800 m; Morne Formon, Ravine du Sud



62 BULLErIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

(northern slopes of Morne Formon). Judd 3753a. Endemic to
Massif de La Hotte (higher elevations).

Order Gentianales
Family Rubiaceae (12/19)

Chione venosa (Sw.) Urb. Tree; moist forest on limestone (common), 1200-
1250 m; Bois Formon, hills south of Morne Formon. Judd 3974.
Det. T. Zanoni.

Exostema cf. picardae Urb. Shrub; moist forest on limestone (occasional), ca
1000 m; Bois Formon. Skean 1139. Endemic to Massif de La Hotte
and Massif de La Selle.

Guettarda ovahfolia Urb. Shrub; moist forest on limestone (occasional), 950-
1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3539, Skean 1227, 1291.

Hamelia patens Jacq. Shrub; moist forest on limestone, open disturbed areas
(occasional), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 4013.

Hamelia ventricosa Sw. Tree; moist forest on limestone (uncommon), 950-
1050 m; Bois Formon. Skean 1226.

HiUia parasitica Jacq. Scrambling epiphytic shrub; moist forest on limestone
(occasional), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3457, Skean 1146.

Palicourea alpina (Sw.) DC. Shrub; moist forest on limestone (occasional),
moist pine forest/cloud forest (very common), 950-2100 m; Bois
Formon, Morne Formon, M. Cavalier, Ravine du Sud. Judd 3513,
3731,3850.4039. Skean 1330, 1461, 2108.

Pemmnthe ekmanii Urb. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest/cloud forest
(occasional/common), 1450-1900 m; Morne Formon, Ravine du Sud
(northern slopes of Morne Formon). Judd 3739, Skean 1373.
Endemic to Hispaniola.

Psychotria alpestris Urb. & Ekm. Shrub to small tree; moist pine forest/cloud
forest (occasional/common), 1900-2300 m; Morne Formon, Pic
Macaya. Judd 3853,4084. Skean 1395. 1443. Endemic to Massif de
La Hotte (Morne Formon, Pic Macaya).

Psychotria berteroana DC. Shrub; moist forest on limestone
(occasional/common), 950-1250 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3992. Skean
1148.1203.

Psychotria guadalupensis (DC.) Howard. Epiphytic shrub; moist forest on
limestone (occasional), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3437, Skean
1238.

Psychoma liogien' Steyermark. Shrub; moist pine forest/ cloud forest
(common), 1500-2300 m; Morne Formon, Pic Macaya. Judd 3726.
Skean 1532. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Psychotria pubescens Sw. Shrub; moist forest on limestone (very common),
950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3439.4010. Skean 1134, 1648.



JUDD: FLORISTIC STUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 63

Psychotria uliginosa Sw. Subshrub; moist pine forest/cloud forest (common),
1600-1660 m; southern slopes of Morne Formon. Judd 3810.

Relbunium hypocatpium (L.) Hemsl. Terrestfial herb; moist pine forest/cloud
forest (occasional), 2000-2340 m; Morne Formon, Pic Macaya. Judd
4157.

Rondeletia fonnonia Urb. & Ekm. Tree; moist pine forest/cloud forest
(common), 1900-2200 m; Morne Formon, Pic Macaya. Judd 4066,
4138, Skean 1437, 1440, 2106. Endemic to Massif de La Hotte
(Morne Formon, Pic Macaya).

Spennacoce assuigens Ruiz & Pav. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on
limestone, disturbed clearings (common), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon.
Judd 4023, Skean 1158. Often treated as Borreria laevis.

Stevensia hotteana Urb. & Ekm. Tree: moist pine forest/cloud forest
(occasional), 1530-1650 m; southern slopes of Morne Formon, M.
Cavalier. Judd 3653. Endemic to Massif de La Hotte. Det. T.
Zanoni.

Sterile Rubiaceae. Tree; moist forest on limestone (common), 1200-1250 m;
Bois Formon. Judd 3965.

Family Apocynaceae (including Asclepiadaceae) (5/5)

Asclepias nivea L Terrestrial herb ; moist forest on limestone, moist pine
forest, disturbed openings (common), 950-1650 m; Bois Formon,
southern slopes of Morne Formon. Judd 3788. Skean 1151.

Asketanthera picardae (Urb.) Woodson. Vine; moist forest on limestone
(occasional), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Skean 1195. Endemic to
Massif de La Hotte.

Cynanchum leptocladum (Decne.) Jim6nez. Vine; moist pine forest
(occasional), 1430-1675 m; southern slopes of Morne Formon.
Skean 1511.

Fo,steronia coombosa (Jacq.) G. F. W. Mey. Vine; moist forest on limestone
(occasional), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Skean 1300, 1579.

Rauwolfia nitida Jacq. Small tree ; moist forest on limestone (uncommon),
950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Skean 1568.

Order Bignoniales
Family Bignoniaceae (1/2)

Tabebuia berteri (DC.) Britt. Tree; moist forest on limestone, moist pine
forest/cloud forest (occasional/common), 1000-1560 m; Bois
Formon, southern slopes of Morne Formon, M. Cavalier, Ravine du
Sud. Franz 5. Judd 3828. Skean 2082.



64 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

Tabebuia conferta Urb. Tree; moist forest on limestone (occasional), 950-
1250 m (to 1400 m, Ekman field notes); Bois Formon. Judd 3491.
Endemic to Massif de La Hotte.

Family Scrophulariaceae (212)

CastiUeja arvensis Schlecht. & Cham. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on
limestone, moist pine forest, disturbed openings
(occasional/common), 950-1730 m; Bois Formon, southern slopes of
Morne Formon. Judd 3530,3833.3935,3975, Skean 1173.

Scrophulan'a minuttylora Fennell. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest/cloud
forest, disturbed openings (occasional), 1800-1900 m; Morne
Formon. Judd 3764.

Family Plantaginaceae (1/1)

Plantago major L Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest, disturbed clearings,
fields (common), ca 1650 m; Morne Formon. Not Collected.
Introduced.

Family Gesneriaceae (4/10)

Beslen'a lutea L. Shrub; moist forest on limestone, moist pine forest/cloud
forest (common), 950-1660 m; Bois Formon, southern slopes of
Morne Formon, M. Cavalier, Ravine du Sud. Franz Z Judd 3514.
4011, Skean 1161,1646.

Columnea domingensis Urb. Epiphytic vine; moist forest on limestone, moist
pine forest/cloud forest (occasional/ common), 950-1650 m; Bois
Formon, southern slopes of Morne Formon. Judd 3450,3479. Skean
1190. (= Trichantha domingensis (Urb.) Wiehler).

Columnea mlae Urb. Terrestrial viny herb; moist forest on limestone (rare),
900-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3942.

Gesnen'a aspera Urb. & Ekm. Shrub; moist forest on limestone (occasional),
950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3517. Skean 1228. Endemic to
Massif de La Hotte and Massif de La Selle. Det. L. E. Skog.

Gesneria fruticosa (L) Kuntze. Shrub; moist forest on limestone (occasional),
930-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3944. Skean 1566. Endemic to
Hispaniola.

Gesnen'a reticulam (Griseb.) Urb. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on limestone
(occasional), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3432.

Gesnen'a vin'd(flora (Decaisne) Kuntz subsp. acrochordonanthe I. Skog.
Shrub; moist forest on limestone (common), 950-1050 m; Bois



JUDD: FLORISTIC SIUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 65

Formon. Judd 3475. Endemic to Massif de La Hotte and Massif de
La Selle. Det. L. E. Skog.

Gesneria aff. hypoclada Urb. &Ekm. Tree·, moist forest on limestone (rare),
950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3500. Endemic to Massif de La
Hotte and Massif de La Selle. Det. L. E. Skog.

Rhytidophyllum aun'culatum Hook. Shrub; moist pine forest, especially open
r6cky area5 (common), 1000-1780 m; southern slopes of Morne
Formon, M. Cavalier, Ravine du Sud. Judd 3635, Skean 1364.

Rhytidophyllum bicolor Urb. Shrub; moist forest on limestone, pine forest
(occasional), 950-1250 m; Bois Formon, Ravine du Sud. Franz 5,
Judd 3980, Skean 1169. Endemic to Massif de La Hotte. Det. L. E.
Skog.

Order Lamiales
Family Verbenaceae (4/5)

Citharayltim caudamm L. Tree; moist pine forest/cloud forest
(common/occasional), moist forest on limestone (occasional), 1000-
1780 m; Bois Formon, southern slopes of Morne Formon, M.
Cavalier, Ravine du Sud. Judd 3655,4031. Skean 1345. 1518. 1663.

Lantana camara L Shrub; moist forest on limestone, disturbed open areas
(common), 900-1250 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3438a, Skean 1164.

Lantana mfolia L. Shrub; moist forest on limestone, disturbed open areas
(common/occasional), 900-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3954b, Skean
1268.

Stachytalpheta jamaicensis (L.) Vahl. Herb, moist forest on limestone,
disturbed open areas (occasional), ca 900 m; Bois Formon. Not
collected.

Verbena unic(folia L. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on limestone, open
disturbed areas (very common), 900-1250 m; Bois Formon. Not
collected.

Family Lamiaceae or Labiatae (2/5)

Hyptis mutabilis (L. C. Rich.) Briq. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on
limestone, open disturbed areas (occasional), ca 1000 m; Bois
Formon. Not collected.

Hyptis schusteri Urb. Shrub; moist pine forest/cloud forest
(common/occasional), 1000-2150 m; Ravine du Sud; "The Saddle"
connecting Pic Macaya to Pic Formon. Judd 4077. 4106, Skean 1450.
Endemic to Massif de La Hotte and Massif de La Selle.



66 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

Salvia cf. arborescens Urb. & Ekm. Shrub; moist forest on limestone
(uncommon), ca 1250 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3914. Endemic to
Hispaniola.

Salvia sp. nov. , aff. S. merckheimii Urb. Shrub; moist pine forest, rocky
ridges (uncommon), ca 1900 m; Ravine du Sud, "The Saddle"
between Pic Macaya and Pic Formon. Judd 4078, Skean 1431.2096.
Endemic to Massif de La Hotte (Ravine du Sud).

Salvia sp. 2., aff. S merckheimii Urb. Shrub; moist forest on limestone
(uncommon), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3474.

Order Dipsacales
Family Valerianaceae (1/1)

Valeriana scandens Leoff. Vine; moist forest on limestone (common), 950-
1050 m; Bois Formon. Skean 1166.

Superorder Solaniflorae
Order Solanales

Family Hydrophyllaceae (1/1)

Wigandia pruritiva Spreng. Shrub; moist pine forest, open rocky areas
(uncommon), 1000-1730 m; southern slopes of Morne Formon,
Ravine du Sud. Judd 3839. 4108.

Family Boraginaceae (3/3)

Cordia lima (Desv.) R. & Sch. Shrub, often scrambling; moist forest on
limestone, moist pine forest/cloud forest (occasional), 950-1780 m;
Bois Formon, Morne Formon, M. Cavalier, Ravine du Sud. Judd
3651, Skean 1337, 1656.

C>noglossum amabHe Stapf & Drummond. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on
limestone, moist pine forest, open disturbed areas (very common), ca
950-1800 m; Bois Formon, Morne Formon, M. Cavalier. Judd 3917,
Skean 1152.

Toumefoma bicolor Sw. Vine; cloud forest (common), 1550-1660 m;
southern slopes of Morne Formon. Judd 3794.

Family Solanaceae (4/14)

Bmnfelsia picardae Krug & Urb. Shrub; moist forest on limestone
(uncommon), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 4022a. Endemic to
Hispaniola. Det. Timothy Plowman.



JUDD: FLORISTIC STUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 67

Cestnim bicolor Urb. Shrub; moist forest on limestone, moist pine forest
(very common), 950-1560 m; Bois Formon, southern slopes of
Morne Formon, M. Cavalier, Ravine du Sud. Judd.3463.3915.3972.
4042. Skean 1170.1269. Endemic to Massif de La Hotte.

Cestmm coelophlebium O. E. Schulz. Shrub; moist pine forest/cloud forest
(common), 1530-2070 m; Morne Formon, M. Cavalier. Judd 3640.
4041. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Cestmm jilipes Urb. & Ekm. Shrub; moist pine forest/cloud forest
(occasionalkommon), 1850-2340 m; Morne Formon, Pic Macaya.
Judd 3860. 4158, Skean 1442. Endemic to Massif de La Hotte
(Morne Formon, Pic Macaya).

Cesmim inclusum Urb. Shrub; moist pine forest (common), 1430-1675 m;
southern slopes of Morne Formon. Skean 1509. Endemic to
Hispaniola.

Cestrum picardae Alain. Shrub; moist forest on limestone (occasional ), 950-
1250 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3520,3928. Skean 1174. Endemic to
Hispaniola.

Datura suaveolens Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. Shrub; moist forest on
limestone (uncommon), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Skean 1224.
Introduced.

Solanum antillarum 0. E. Schulz. Shrub; moist forest on limestone, cloud
forest (common/occasional), 950-1700 m; Bois Formon, southern
slopes of Morne Formon, Ravine du Sud. Judd 3912, Skean 1323,
1655.

Solanum capsicoides All. Terrestrial herb to subshrub; open disturbed areas,
pastures (common), 840- 1050 m; Bois Formon. Not collected.

Solanum edanthum D. Don. Shrub; moist forest on limestone, often
disturbed openings (occasional/common), 900-1050 m; Bois Formon.
Skean 1157, 1242.

Solanum formonense 0. E. Schulz. Shrub to small tree ; moist pine
forest/cloud forest, often disturbed openings (occasional/common),
1450-2100 m; Morne Formon, Ravine du Sud. Judd 3863, Skean
1339. Endemic to Massif de La Hotte (Morne Formon).

Solanum honeanum Urb. & Ekm. Shrub; moist forest on [imestone,
disturbed openings, moist pine forest/cloud forest (occasional), 950-
2200 m; Bois Formon, Morne Formon, Ravine du Sud. Judd 3716.
Endemic to Massif de La Hotte.

Solanum torvum Sw. Shrub; moist forest on limestone, disturbed open areas
(common), 950-1350 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3916, 3986, Skean 1156.

Solanum nigrescens Mart. & Gal. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest,
disturbed open areas (common), 950-1650 m (possibly to 2000 m):
Bois Formon, southern slopes of Morne Formon. Judd 3661.



68 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

Family Convolvulaceae (1/1)

Dichondra repens J. R. & G. Forst. Terrestrial herb ; moist forest on
limestone, disturbed open areas (occasional), ca 1000 m; Bois
Formon. Not collected.

Order Campanulales
Family Campanulaceae (2/4)

Lobelia robusm Graham var. robusm. Shrub to small tree; moist forest on
limestone, moist pine forest/cloud forest (very common), 950-2200
m; Bois Formon, Morne Formon, M. Cavalier, Ravine du Sud, Pic
Macaya. Judd 3618. 3857, Skean 1137. Possibly conspecific with L.
assurgens L

Lobelia rotund(folia Juss. Scrambling shrub; moist pine forest/cloud fore5t
(common), 1450-2340 m; Morne Formon, Ravine du Sud, Pic
Macaya. Judd 3763, Skean 1331. 1389.

Lobelia hotteana Judd & Skean. Subshrub; moist pine forest, open rocky
areas (occasional), 1650-2200 m; Morne Formon, Pic Macaya. Judd
3790. Endemic to Massif de La Hotte (Morne Formon, Pic Macaya).

S<phocampylus sonch(folius (Sw.) McVaugh. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on
limestone (occasional), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3431, Skean
1233. Endemic to Massif de La Hotte and Massif de La Selle.

Superorder Asteriflorae
Order Asterales

Family Asteraceae or Compositae (17/30)

Baccha,is myrsinites (Lam.) Pers. Shrub; moist pine forest, usually in open
and/or rocky areas (common), 1650-2250 m; Morne Formon, Pic
Macaya. Judd 3789. 4061. 4130, Skean 1429. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Bidens alba (L.) DC. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on limestone, moist pine
forest, open disturbed areas, fields (common), 900-1700 m; Bois
Formon, southern slopes of Morne Formon. Skean 1562.

Chaptalia albicans Urb. & Ekm. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on limestone,
moist pine forest (occasional), 1250-2150 m; Bois Formon, Morne
Formon, Pic Macaya. Judd 3837.

Conyza apurensis HBK Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest/cloud forest,
disturbed openings (common), 1450-1780 m; Ravine du Sud
(northern slopes of Morne Formon). Skean 1369.

Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq. var. pusiUa (Nutt.) Cronq. Terrestrial herb;
moist forest on limestone, disturbed openings, fields (common), ca



JUDD: FLORISI'IC STUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 69

900-1350 m; Bois Formon, southern slopes of Morne Formon. Not
collected.

Eclipta prostrata (L)L. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on limestone, disturbed
open areas, fields (occasional), ca 1000 m; Bois Formon. Not
collected.

Emilia fosbemii Nicolson. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on limestone,
disturbed openings, fields (occasional), 950-1250 m; Bois Formon.
Judd 4007.

Emilia sonch®lia (L.) DC. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest/cloud forest,
disturbed openings (occasional/common), 1450-1800 m; Morne
Formon, Ravine du Sud (northern slopes of Morne Formon). Judd
3724. Skean 1370.

Enkeron domingensis Urb. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest/cloud forest,
disturbed openings (common), 1650-2150 m; Morne Formon, Pic
Macaya. Judd 3743. Skean 1445. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Eupatorium flavidulum Urb. & Ekm. Shrub; moist pine forest, especially
open rocky areas (very common), (1000-)1550-2150 m; Bois Formon
(?), Morne Formon, Pic Macaya. Judd 3838, Skean 1438, 1504?.
Endemic to Massif de La Hotte.

Eupatorium microchaetum Urb. & Ekm. Shrub; moist forest on limestone,
open areas (common), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon; to 1500 m on
southern slopes of Morne Formon, according to Ekman. Skean
1197. Endemic to Massif de La Hotte and Massif de La Selle.

Eupatodum cf. nervosum Sw. Shrub; moist forest on limestone, open areas
(common), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Skean 1183.

Eupatonum odoratum L. Subshrub; moist pine forest/cloud forest
(uncommon), ca 1800 m; Morne Formon. Judd 3732.

Eupatorium poiphyrocladum Urb. & Ekm. Shrub; moist pine forest/cloud
forest (common), 1450-2200 m; Morne Formon, Ravine du Sud
(northern slopes of Morne Formon). Skean 1341, 1368. Endemic to
Massif de La Hotte (higher elevations).

Eupatorium stigmaticum Urb. & Ekm. Shrub; moist forest on limestone,
disturbed openings (very common), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd
4018. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Ezipatonum urbanii Ekm. Shrub; moist pine forest, especially open areas
(occasional), 1500-2150 m; Morne Formon, Pic Macaya. Skean 1451.
Endemic to Massif de La Hotte.

Gnaphalium domingense Lam. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest, disturbed
openings (occasional), 1650-2000 m; Morne Formon. Judd 3771.

Gnaphalium puipureum L. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest, disturbed
openings (common), 1800-1860 m; Morne Formon. Skean 1535.



70 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

Lantanopsis hispidula C. Wright ex Griseb. Shrub; moist pine forest
(uncommon), 1430-1675 m; Morne Formon. Skean 1510. Det. T.
Zanoni.

Mikania cyanosma Urb. & Ekm. Vine; moist pine forest (occasional), 2150-
2340 m; Pic Macaya; Ekman cdllected this species on Morne
Formon. Skean 1393.  Endemic to Massif de La Hotte (Morne
Formon, Pic Macaya).

Mikania dissecta Urb. &Ekm. Vine; moist pine forest (common), 1750- 1800
m; Morne Formon, probably also Pic Macaya. Judd 3730. Endemic
to Massif de La Hotte (higher elevatioris).

Narvalina domingensis Cass. Shrub; moist pine forest, rocky areas
(uncommon), ca 1900 m; south slope of Pic Macaya. Skean 1441.
Endemic to Hispaniola.

Neurolaena lobata (L.) Cass. Subshrub/herb; moist forest on limestone
(uncommon), ca 975 m; Bois Formon. Skean 1135.

Pluchea symphytifolia (Mill.) Gillis. Shrub; moist pine forest, especially
disturbed openings (occasional), 1520-1880 m; southern slopes of
Morne Formon. Judd 3631, Skean 1529.

Senecio hotteanus Urb. & Ekm. Vine; moist forest on limestone, moist pine
forest/cloud forest (common), 900-1660 m; Bois Formon, southern
slopes of Morne Formon. Judd 3809,3966, Skean 1319. Endemic to
Massif de La Hotte.

Senecio stenodon Urb. Shrub; moist forest on limestone, moist pine
forest/cloud forest, especially in disturbed open areas (very
common), 950-2200 m; Bois Formon, Morne Formon, M. Cavalier,
Pic Macaya. Judd 3486,4068, 4116, Skean 1281, 1531. 2081. Plants
with leaves densely pubescent abaxially to essentially glabrous;
described by Urban as var. stenodon and var. deglabrams, respectively,
but intergrading and probably not separable. Endemic to Massif de
La Hotte.

Senecio trineurus Griseb. Vine; moist forest on limestone (occasional), 950-
2340 m; Bois Formon, Pic Macaya, probably also Morne Formon.
Skean 1180, 1329?.

Vemonia bur(folia (Cass.) Less. Shrub; moist pine forest (occasional), 1450-
1800 m; Morne Formon, Ravine du Sud (northern slopes of M.
Formon). Judd 3761. Skean 1378. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Femonia saepium Ekm. Shrub; moist forest on limestone, moist pine
forest/cloud forest, disturbed openings (abundant/common), 900-
1800 m; Bois Formon, Morne Formon, M. Cavalier. Judd 3229.
Skean 1136. 1165. 1244, 1650. Endemic to Massif de La Hotte.

Youngia japonica (L.) DC. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on limestone, moist
pine forest, disturbed openings (common), 950-1675 m; Bois



JUDD: FLORISTIC SrUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 71

Formon, southern slopes of Morne Formon. Skean 1516.
Introduced.

Superorder Lilliftorae
Order Liliales

Family Amaryllidaceae (1/1)

Hippeastrum puniceum (Lam.) Kuntze. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on
limestone, disturbed openings (occasional), ca 900 m; Bois Formon.
Judd 5059. Introduced. Det. Alan Meerow.

Family Hypoxidaceae (1/1)

Hypoxis cf. wnghtii (Bak.) Brackett. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on
limestone, disturbed openings (occasional), ca 950 m; Bois Formon.
Not collected.

Family Agavaceae (1/2)

Agave antillarum Desc. Succulent herb ; moist pine forest, open rocky areas
(occasional), 1650-2200 m; Morne Formon, Pic Macaya. Judd 3840.
4135. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Agave sisalana Perrine. Succulent herb ; moist forest on limestone, open
disturbed areas, fence rows (common), 1000-1250 m; Bois Formon.
Judd 3968, Skean 1496. Introduced.

Family Alstroemeriaceae (1/1)

Bomarea edulis (Tuss.) Herb. Vine; cloud forest (common), 1500- 1530 m;
Ravine du Sud. Skean 1354.

Family Smilacaceae (1/1)

Smilax havanensis Jacq. Vine ; moist forest on limestone, moist pine
forest/cloud forest (occasional), 950-1770 m; Bois Formon, southern
slopes of Morne Formon. Judd 3658,3808, Skean 1138.

Family Dioscoreaceae (1/1)

Rajania ovata Sw. Vine; moist forest on limestone, moist pine forest/cloud
forest (common), 950-1650 m; Bois Formon, southern slopes of
Morne Formon, M. Cavalier. Skean 1147, 1240.



72 BULLETIN FLORIDA SrATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(i)

Family Orchidaceae

[Family treatment by D. Dod and W. Judd (1986); they report 133 species in
42 genera for this family; 98 species are endemic to Hispaniola, and
of these 38 are endemic to the Massif de La Hotte.]1

Superorder Ariflorae
Order Arales

Family Araceae (2/2)

Philodendron consanguineum Schott. Vine; moist forest on limestone
(common), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3955. Skean 1168.

Anthunkim scandens (Aubl.) Engl. Vine; moist forest on limestone
(common), 950-1200 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3538. 3941.

Superorder Areciflorae
Order Arecales

Family Arecaceae or Palmae (2/2)

Coccothrinax cf. montana Burret. Tree; moist forest on limestone, cloud
forest (uncommon), 1000-1560 m; Bois Formon, Morne Cavalier,
Ravine du Sud. Judd 4045, Skean 1295. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Prestoea montana (R. Grah.) Nichols. Tree; moist forest on limestone, moist
pine forest/cloud forest (occasional), 975-1675 m; Bois Formon,
southern slopes of Morne Formon. Skean 1159, 1506, 1560.
(=Euterpe globosa Gaertn.)

Superorder Commeliniflorae
Order Bromeliales

Family Bromeliaceae (5/12)

Catopsis floribunda (Brongn.) Smith. Epiphytic herb ; moist forest on
limestone (occasional), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Skean 1172. Det.
T. Zanoni.

Catopsis nitida (Hook.) Griseb . Epiphytic herb ; moist forest on limestone
(occasional), ca 1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3496.

Guzmania ekmanii (Harms) Harms. Epiphytic herb (or on rocks); moist
forest on limestone (occasional), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd
3052, Skean 1265. Endemic to Hispaniola. Det. T. Zanoni (Judd
3052).

Guzmania lingulam (L.) Mez. Epiphytic herb; moist forest on limestone
(common), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3484.



JUDD: FLORISTIC SIUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 73

Pitcaimia elizabethae L. B. Smith. Terrestrial herb ; moist forest on limestone,
pine forest, open rocky areas (occasional), 975-1000 m; Bois Formon,
Ravine du Sud. Judd 4107, Skean 1552. Endemic to Massif de La
Hotte and Massif de La Selle.

Tillandsia can'baea L. B. Smith. Epiphytic herb; moist pine forest/doud forest
(common), 1650-2100 m; Morne Formon. Judd 3884.

Tillandsia fasciculata Sw. var. laxispica Mez. Epiphytic herb; moist forest on
limestone (very common), 900-1250 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3492,
3508. Skean 1309.

7Wlandsia fendlen Griseb. Epiphytic herb; moist forest on limestone, moist
pine forest, often disturbed openings (common), 1200-1550 m; Bois
Formon, $6uthern slopes of Morne Formon, M. Cavalier. Judd 3671,
3278.

Tillandsia hotteana Urb. Epiphytic herb ; cloud forest (common), 1450-1800
m; Ravine du Sud (northern slopes of Morne Formon). Skean 1343.
Endemic to Hispaniola.

Tillandsia jenmanii Baker. Epiphytic herb ; moist forest on limestone
(common), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3488.

Vriesea macrostachya (Bello) Mez. Epiphytic herb (or on rocks); moist forest
on limestone (occasional), 950-1000 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3489,
Skean 1149.

Vriesea sintenisii (Bak.) L. B. Smith & Pitt. Epiphytic herb; moist forest on
limestone (occasional), moist pine forest/cloud forest (abundant),
975-2340 m; Bois Formon, Morne Formon, M. Cavalier, Ravine du
Sud, Pic Macaya. Judd 3773,3895, Skean 1160,1179,1342.

Order Commelinales
Family Cyperaceae (3/3)

Eleocharis flaccida (Rchb.) Urb. Terrestrial herb ; moist ground near spring
(uncommon), ca 1400 m; southern slopes of Morne Formon. Skean
1548.

Rhynchospora elongata Boeck. var. ekmanii (Urb.) Kukenthal . Terrestrial
herb; moist pine forest/cloud forest (occasional), 1530-2200 m;
Morne Formon, M. Cavalier. Judd 3864. Endemic to Hispaniola

Uncinia hamata (Sw.) Urb. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest/cloud forest
(common), 1800-2100 m; Morne Formon. Judd 3733, Skean 1539.

Family Poaceae or Gramineae (13/15)

[collections identified by Dr. David W. Hall, except where otherwise
indicated]



74 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

Andropogon bicomis L. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on limestone, open
disturbed areas, old fields (occasional/very common), 1000-1400 m;
Bois Formon, southern slopes of Morne Formon. Judd 3990, Skean
1551.

Andropogon glomerams (Walt.) BSP. var. pumilus Vasey. Terrestrial herb;
moist pine forest, especially disturbed, open and/or rocky areas
(occasional/common), 1530-1770 m; southern slopes of Morne
Formon, M. Cavalier. Judd 3664.3836.

Andropogon leucostachyus HBK. Terrestrial herb ; moist forest on limestone,
disturbed open areas, old fields (occasional), 950-1050 m; Bois
Formon. Skean 1572.

Anhrostylidium hamense (Pilger) Hitchc. & Chase. Climbing bamboo; moist
pine forest/cloud forest (abundant), 1450-2300 m; Morne Formon,
M. Cavalier, Ravine du Sud, Pic Macaya. Judd 3893, Skean 1468,
1669. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. ex J . C. Wendi. Bamboo; moist forest on limestone,
disturbed open areas (occasional), 900-1050 m; Bois Formon. Skean
1550. Introduced.

Chusquea abietifolia Griseb. Climbing bamboo; moist pine forest/cloud forest
(occasional), 1900-2000 m; "The Saddle" between Pic Macaya and
Pic Formon. Judd 4079, Skean 1469.

Ichnanthus pallens (Sw.) Munro. Terrestrial herb ; moist forest on limestone
(common), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3448.

Isachne rigidifolia (Poir.) Urb. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest/cloud forest,
especially open areas (abundant), 1650-2340 m; Morne Formon, Pic
Macaya. Judd 3625,3765, Skean 1430. Det. W. S. Judd.

Lasiacis divan'cam (L.) Hitchc. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on limestone,
pine forest, open disturbed areas (common), 950-1100 m; Bois
Formon, Ravine du Sud. Judd 4012.

Panicum glutinosum Sw. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest, disturbed open
areas (occasional), 1650-1800 m; Morne Formon. Judd 3736.

Paspalum jimbtiatum HBK. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on limestone,
disturbed open areas (occasional), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd
4020.

Poa annua L Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest, disturbed open areas, along
trails (common), 1600-1850 m; Morne Formon. Judd 3740.
Introduced.

Setaria corrugata (Eli .) Schult . Terrestrial herb ; moist forest on limestone,
moist pine forest, disturbed open areas (common), 950-1050 m; Bois
Formon, Ravine du Sud. Judd 4113, Skean 1497.

Sporobolus indicus (L) R. Br. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on limestone,
disturbed open areas, old fields (common), 900-1350 m; Bois
Formon. Not collected. Det. W. S. Judd.



JUDD: FLORISTIC STUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 75

Zeugites americana Willd. var. haitiensis Pilger. Terrestrial herb; moist pine
forest/cloud forest (occasional), 1800-2100 m; Morne Formon. Judd
3728. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Order Zingiberales
Family Heliconiaceae (1/1)

Heliconia bihai L. Terrestrial herb; moist forest ori limestone (common),
950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3487. Skean 1167.

Family Zingiberaceae (3/4)

Alpinia zenunbet (Pers.) B. L. Burtt & R. M. Smith. Terrestrial herb; moist
forest on limestone (occasional), 950-1050 m; Bois Formon. Skean
1267. Introduced.

Hedychium coronarium Koenig. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on limestone
(occasional), ca 1000 m; Bois Formon. Skean 1664. Introduced.

Renealmia dens(flora Urb. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on limestone
(occasional/common), 950-1250 m; Bois Formon. Judd 3970. Skean
1132. Endemic to Massif de La Hotte.

Renealmia jamaicensis (Gaertn.) Horaninow var. pubemla (Gagnepain) Maas.
Terrestrial herb; moist forest on limestone, moist pine forest/cloud
forest (common), 950-2200 m; Bois Formon, Morne Formon, M.
Cavalier, Ravine du Sud. Judd 3506,3712,3964, Skean 1467.

Family Cannaceae (1/2)

Canna indica L. Terrestrial herb; moist forest on limestone (occasional), 950-
1400 m; Bois Formon, southern slopes of Morne Formon. Skean
1279, 1549. Introduced.

Canna jaegenana Urb. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest/cloud forest
(occasional), 1530-1560 m; Morne Cavalier. Judd 4046.



76 BULLETIN FLORIDA SrATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

Vascular Plants Collected in Parc National
Morne La Visite, Massif de La Selle, Haiti.

Division Tracheophyta

[Collections identified by W. S. Judd except for Zanoni & Mejia specimens,
unless otherwise indicated; notation after family name refers to
number of genera/species.1

Class Lycopsida
Order Lycopodiales

Family Lycopodiaceae (1/4)

Lycopodium clavamm L. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest, ravine slope
(occasional), ca 1800 m; Rivitre Blanche. Judd 4285.

Lycopodium complanamm L. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest (occasional),
ca 1800 m; "The Depression." Judd 4494.

Lycopodium reflexum Lam. Terrestrial herb; cloud forest, moist pine forest
(occasional), 2100-2250 m; north facing slope of Morne la Visite.
Judd 4514.

Lycopodium tartfolium Sw. Epiphytic herb; cloud forest (rare), 1650-2200 m;
RiviBre Blanche, near Belle Fontaine. Judd 4422.

Order Selaginellales (1/1)
Family Selaginellaceae

Selaginella leonardii Schmidt. Terrestrial herb ; moist pine forest/cloud forest,
rocky cliffs (common), 1700-1800 m; Rivitre Blanche. Judd 4266.
4466,4467. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Class Filicopsida
Order Ophioglossales (1/1)
Family Ophioglossiaceae

Bot,ychium viminianum (L.) Sw. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest
(uncommon), ca 1800 m; "The Depression." Judd 4483.4885.

Order Polypodiales
Family Gleicheniaceae (1/1)

Gleichenia bifida (Willd.) Spreng. Scrambling herb; cloud forest, disturbed
open areas (locally common), ca 1800 m; Morne d'Enfer. Judd 4708.



JUDD: FLORISTIC STUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 77

Family Hymenophyllaceae (1/2)

Hymenophyllum fucoides Sw. Epiphytic herb; cloud forest (occasional), ca
2210 m; between Pic Cabaio and Belle Fontaine/Roche Cabrit. Judd
i842.

Hymenophyllum microcatpum Desv. Epiphytic herb; cloud forest, ravine slope
(common), 1650-1700 m; RiviBre Blanche. Judd 4423.

Family Lophosoriaceae (1/1)

Lophosoria quadripinnata (Gmel.) C. Chr. Terrestrial herb ; moist pine forest,
cloud forest (common), 1750-2250 m; nearly throughout. Judd 4344.

Family Cyatheaceae (1/2)

Alsophila minor (D.C. Eaton) Tryon. Tree fern; cloud forest (occasional),
1650-1700 m; Rivitre Blanche. Judd 4419.

Cyathea harrisii Baker. Tree fern; cloud forest, moist pine forest
(occasional/common), 1650-2000 m; Morne d'Enfer to Belle
Fontaine/Roche Cabrit, RiviBre Blanche. Judd 4252, 4458. 4718.

Cyathea harrisii Baker X Alsophila minor (D.C. Eaton) Tryon. Tree fern ;
cloud forest (rare), ca 1650 m; Rivi6re Blanche; growing with its
presumed parents. Judd 4457. Hybrid status suggested by Rolla
Tryon.

Family Pteridaceae (4/4)

(The following fern families are sometimes treated as members of one large
polymorphic family, the Polypodiaceae sensu lam; pteridologists
differ as to how this assemblage should be divided, and the
classification of R. M. & A. F. Tryon [1982] is followed here.)

Adianmm #agile Sw. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest, rocky cliffs
(uncommon), ca 1835 m; ravine east of"Park Center." Judd 4833.

Anopten's heragonia (L.) C. Chr. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest, cloud
forest, on rocks (occasional), 1620-1900 m; RiviBre Blanche, Gros
Basin in ravine east of Berac area, Morne Nacel region; Ekman
collected species on Morne Cabaio. Judd 4318, 4810. 4812. Zanoni
& Meiia 24546. Det. Rolla Tryon.

Cheilanthes notholaenoides (Dem) Maxon. Terrestrial herb; open pine forest,
disturbed cloud forest, thin soil over limestone (very common), 2050-



78 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

2100 m; Galette Seche, Morne Nacel region. Judd 4862. Zanoni &
Meiia 24499, 24509.

Pten's hispaniolica Maxon. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest, on rocks in
sinkhole (rare), ca 2150 m (to ca 1900 m, Ekman field notes); east of
Pic Cabaio. Judd 4845. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Family Vittariaceae (2/3)

Antrophyum feei Schaffner ex F6e. Epiphytic herb ; cloud forest (occasional),
ca 2210 m; between Pic Cabaio and Belle Fontaine/Roche Cabrit.
Judd 4850.

Vittaria graminifolia Kault Epiphytic herb ; cloud forest (uncommon), ca
2210 m; between Pic Cabaio and Belle Fontaine/Roche Cabrit. Judd
4848.

Mttan'a mon'tiziana Mett. Terrestrial or epiphytic herb; cloud forest (rare), ca
1650 m; Rivitre Blanche. Judd 4450.

Family Dennstaedtiaceae (3/3)

Dennstaedtia globulifera (Poir.) Hieron. Terrestrial herb; cloud forest ,
sinkholes in pine forest (uncommon), ca 1800-1900 m; Truing
Marassa. Judd 4507, Zanoni & Meiia 24545.

Odontosoria aculeata (L.) 1. Smith. Vine; cloud forest (occasional), 1800-
1880 m; Morne d'Enfer. Judd 4656.

Pteridium aquilinum (L) Kuhn. var. caudamm (L.) Sadeb. Terrestrial herb;
pine forest (abundant), 1750-2250 m; f throughout. Judd 4372.
Zanoni & Meiia 24563.

Family Thelypteridaceae (1/5)

The6pteds asplenioides (Sw.) Proctor. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest,
rocky slopes (rare), 1700-1800 m; Rividre Blanche. Judd 4472. Det.
Rolla Tryon.

Thelypteris decussam (L.) Proctor. Terrestrial herb; cloud forest (common),
1650-1800 m; RiviEre Blanche. Judd 4443. Det. Rolla Tryon.

771*pteris cE imitam C. Chr. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest, rocky slopes
(common), 1700-1800 m; Rivitre Blanche. Judd 4253. 4332. 4470,
4471.

The6pteris mdis (Kunze) Proctor. Terrestrial herb; cloud forest, moist
sinkhole vegetation (common), 1700-1800 m; Rividre Blanche,
pinelands near Park Center. Judd 4314. 4464. Det. Rolla Tryon.

Thelypteris sagittata (Sw.) Proctor. Terrestrial herb ; cloud forest (occasional),
ca 165Om; Rivitre Blanche. Judd 4434. Det. Rolla Tryon.



JUDD: FLORISTIC STUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 79

Family Dryopteridaceae (6/12)

Ctenitis subincisa (Willd.) Ching. Terrestrial herb; cloud forest, moist
sinkhole vegetation (uncommon), ca 2150 m; between Pic Cabaio
and Belle Fontaine/Roche Cabrit. Judd 4842. Det. Rolla Tryon.

Cystopteris fragilis 0.4 Bernh.. Terrestrial herb ; moist pine forest, cloud
forest (uncommon), 1650-1800 m; RiviBre Blanche. Judd 4258,4435.
Det. J. T. Mickel (4435).

Diplazium fuertesii Brause. Terrestrial herb ; moist pine forest/cloud forest,
moist sinkhole vegetation (occasional), ca 1800 m; RiviBre Blanche,
Truing Marassa. Judd 4303.4508. Endemic to Hispaniola.

D*lazium hastile (Christ) C. Chr. Terrestrial herb; cloud forest (uncommon),
1620-1640 m; Gros Basin in ravine east of Berac area. Judd 4811.

Diplazium taylorianum (Jenman) Maxon ex Proctor. Herb; cloud forest, ca
1900 m; Morne Nacel region. Zanoni & Meiia 24565.

Diplazium unilobum (Poir.) Hieron. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest/cloud
forest, moist sinkhole vegetation (common), ca 1800-1900 m; Morne
Nacel region, Rivitre Blanche, Truing Marassa. Judd 4254, 4316,
4505, Zanoni & Meiia 24564, 24575. (=? D. semihastatum [Kunze]
C. Chr.)

Elaphoglossum chartaceum (Baker·& Jenman) C. Chr. Epiphytic herb; cloud
forest (common), 1850-1950 m; Morne d'Enfer. Judd 4719. Det. J.
T. Mickel.

Elaphoglossum huacsaro (Ruiz) Christ. Terrestrial herb ; moist pine
forest/cloud forest (very common), 2100-2250 m; northern slope of
Morne la Visite. Judd 4517. Det. J. T. Mickel.

Elaphoglossum aff. lat®lium (Sw.) J. Smith. Terrestrial or epiphytic herb;
cloud forest (common), 1650-1935 m; Morne Nacel region, Rivitre
Blanche, ravine east of Park Center. Judd 4425, Zanoni & Meiia
24572. Det. J. T. Mickel (4425).

Elaphoglossum pachyphyllum (Kunze) C. Chr. Epiphytic herb; cloud forest
(common), 1850-1950 m; Morne d'Enfer. Judd 4720. Det. J. T.
Mickel.

Polystichum echinatum (Gmel.) Christ. Terrestrial herb; cloud forest, moist
pine forest, rocky slopes (occasional), 1790-2100 m; Roche Plate,
Rivitre Blanche. Judd 4319, 4334, Thompson 3753-1, Zanoni &
Meiia 24529, 24573. 24628. Det. J. T. Mickel.

Polystichum rhizophyllum (Sw.) Pres\. Terrestrial herb ; cloud forest
(occasional), 1650-1800 m; Rivitre Blanche. Judd 4439.



80 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

Family Aspleniaceae (1/7)

Asplenium auritum Sw. Epiphytic herb; cloud forest (occasional), 1660-1735
m; between Morne d'Enfer and M. Ft Noir; Ekman collected species
on Morne La Visite at ca 1800 m. Judd 4754.

Asplenium clutei Gilbert. Terrestrial herb ; moist sinkhole vegetation
(uncommon), ca 2150 m; between Pic Cabaio and "Pic 2208." Judd
4846.

Asplenium monanthes L. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest, cloud forest,
open rocky areas (occasional), 1800-2210 m; Morne Nacel region to
Belle Fontaine/Roche Cabrit, Rivitre Blanche. Judd 4288, 4843,
4847, Zanoni & Meiia 24570. 24574.

Asplenium praemonum Sw. Terrestrial or epiphytic herb; cloud forest
(occasional), 1850-1950 m; Morne d'Enfer, Morne Nacel region.
Judd 4659,4729, Zanoni & Meiia 24543, 24569.

Asplenium radicans L. Terrestrial herb; cloud forest, moist sinkhole
vegetation (occasional), 1650-1800 m; Rividre Blanche, Truing
Marassa. Judd 4433.4506.

Asplenium resilens Kunze. Terrestrial herb, cloud forest, pine forest, rocky
areas (uncommon), 1880-2050 m; Morne Nacel region, pinelands
south of Park Center. Judd 4358, Zanoni & Meiia 24506.

Asplenium sen'a Langsd. & Fisch. Terrestrial herb; cloud forest, moist
sinkhole vegetation (common), 1800-1950 m; Morne d'Enfer, Morne
Nacel region, Truing Marassa. Judd 4504, 4726, Zanoni & Meiia
24535.

Family Blechnaceae (1/3)

Blechnum fragile (Liebm.) Morton & Lell . Epiphytic herb ; cloud forest
(common), 1650-1800 m; Rivitre Blanche. Judd 4395.

Blechnum occidentale L. Terrestrial herb; pine forest (occasional), 1800-2120
m; * scattered throughout. Judd 4352,4572.

Blechnum merckheimii Brause. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest/cloud
forest, especially open steep slopes (common), 2100-2250 m;
northern slope of Morne La Visite. Judd 4523. Endemic to
Hispaniola.

Family Polypodiaceae (4/10)

Campyloneumm angusnfolium Sw. Terrestrial herb; cloud forest, moist
vegetation in sinkholes, pine forest, especially rocky areas (common),
1750-2050 m; Morne Nacel to Morne La Visite, f throughout
pinelands. Judd 4347.4359,4489. Zanoni & Meiia 24576.



JUDD: FLORISTIC STUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 81

Campyloneunim vexamm Eaton. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest, rocky
ledges (occasional), 1900-1935 m; ravine east of Park Center. Judd
4835.

Microgramma piloselloitles (L) Copel. Epiphytic herb ; cloud forest
(occasional), ca 1705 m; between Morne d'Enfer and M. FB Noir.
Judd 4785.

Pleopeltis.macrocatpa (Cav.) Maxon. Epiphytic or terrestrial herb; moist pine
forest, cloud forest (common), 1650-2050 m; Rivitre Blanche, ravine
east of Park Center, scattered in pinelands. Judd 4356.4440.4497.

Po(ypodium antiUense Maxon. Terrestrial herb; moist sinkhole vegetation
(rare), ca 1800 m; Truing Marassa. Judd 4317.

Po6podium aureum L Epiphytic herb; cloud forest, ca 1900 m; Morne Nacel
region. Zanoni & Meiia 24576.

Polypodium lasiopus Klotzsch. Epiphytic herb; cloud forest (occasional),
1650-1900 m; Morne Nacel region, RiviBre Blanche. Judd 4438,
Zanoni & Meiia 24501. 24549.

Po6podium lon'ceum L. Epiphytic herb; cloud forest (occasional), 1650-1800
m; Rivitre Blanche. Judd 4418.

Po6podium pectinamm L. Epiphytic or terrestrial herb; moist pine forest,
cloud forest (occasional), 1700-1800 m; between Morne d'Enfer and
M. Ft Noir, "The Depression." Judd 4492.4787.

Polypodium thysanolepis A. Br. Epiphytic herb; moist pine forest (common),
1650-2000 m; Rivitre Blanche, Morne Nacel, Roche Cabrit, scattered
in pinelarids. Judd 4296,4397, Thompson 3754-2, Zanoni & Meiia
24537.

Class Coniferopsida
Order Coniferales

Family Pinaceae (1/1)

Pinus occidentalis Sw. Tree·, dominant tree forming pinelands (abundant),
1700-2300 m; f throughout plateau. Judd 4383. Endemic to
Hispaniola.

Family Cupressaceae (1/1)

Jun ipems ekmanii Florin. Tree; moist pine forest, disturbed cloud forest
(rare/nearly extinct), 1750-2210 m; "The Depression" (dead stumps
and logs), between Pic Cabaio and Tete Opaque (living plants only
seen ca SSW of Tete Opaque). Baird IN-32, Judd 4853. Woods s.n.
17 Jan. 1985. Endemic to the Massif de La Selle.



82 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

Family Podocarpaceae (1/1)

Podocatpus an'stulatus Parl. Tree; cloud forest (occasional), 1900-2210 m;
between Pic Cabaio and Belle Fontaine/ Roche Cabrit; Ekman
reports from Morne La V.isite, in field notes. Judd 4852. Endemic to
Hispaniola. (= P. buchii Urb.)

Class Angiospermopsida
Superorder Annoniflorae

Order Annonales
Family Lauraceae (2/3)

Ocotea acarina C. K. Allen. Tree; cloud forest (common), 1700-1930 m;
Morne d'Enfer to just west of M. La Visite, Rivitre Blanche. Judd
4408. Endemic to Massif de La Selle.

Ocotea wnghtii (Meissn.) Mez. Tree; cloud forest (occasional/common),
1700-1930 m; Morne d'Enfer to just west of M. La Visite, Rivitre
Blanche. Judd 4647.4794.

Persea anomala Britt. & Wils. Tree; cloud forest, moist pine forest (very
common), 1650-2200 m; scattered throughout, but especially along
ridge from Morne d'Enfer to Tete Opaque, Rividre Blanche, ravine
east of Park Center. Baird LV-24, Judd 4301, 4526, 4724.

Family Piperaceae (1/9)

Peperomia acuminam Ruiz & Pav. Terrestrial herb; cloud forest, moist
sinkhole vegetation (occasional), 1650-2100 m; Morne d'Enfer, to M.
La Visite(?), Rividre Blanche, Truing Marassa. Judd 4431. 4501.

Peperomia galioides HBK. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest, cloud forest,
especially on rocks (occasional), 1750-1920 m; Morne d'Enfer, to M.
La Visite, "The Depression." Judd 4486, 4690, Zanoni & Meiia
24550.

Peperomia glabella (Sw.) Dietr. Epiphytic or terrestrial herb; moist pine
forest, especially on rocks (occasional), 1800-1860 m; "The
Depression." Judd 4502,4793.

Peperomia hispidula (Sw.) Dietr. Terrestrial herb; moist sinkhole vegetation
(uncommon), ca 1800 m; Truing Marassa. Judd 4500.

Peperomia leonardii Tre\. Terrestrial herb ; moist sinkhole vegetation
(uncommon), ca 1800 m; Truing Marassa. Judd 4499. Endemic to
Hispaniola.

Peperomia quadnfolia (L.) HBK. Terrestrial herb; cloud forest, disturbed
opening, on rocks (uncommon), 1850-1920 m; Morne d'Enfer,
Morne Nacel region. Judd 4691. Zanoni & Meiia 24571.



JUDD: FLORISTIC STUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 83

Peperomia reflexa (L.f.) A. Dietr. Terrestrial herb; cloud forest, ca 1900 m;
Morne Nacel region. Zanoni & Mejia 24548.

Peperomia tetraphylla (S. Forst.) Hook. & Am Epiphytic herb ; cloud forest,
moist pine forest (occasional), 1740-1900 m; Morne Nacel region,
Morne La Visite, Rivitre Blanche, ravine east of Park Center. Judd
4260,4799. Thomnson 3748-7, Zanoni & Meiia 24550.

Peperomia sp. 1. Terrestrial herb; cloud forest (uncommon), 1620-1640 m;
Gros Basin in ravine east of Berac area. Judd 4813.

Order Berberidales
Family Ranunculaceae (2/2)

Clematis dioica L. Vine; cloud forest (uncommon), 1740 m; RiviBre Blanche.
Judd 4804.

Ranunculus recurvatus Poir. var. tropicus (Griseb.) Fawc. & Rendle.
Terfestrial herb; cloud forest (occasional), 1650-2100 m; Morne La
Visite, Rividre Blanche. Judd 4441.

Family Papaveraceae (2/2)

Bocconia Butescens L. Shrub; moist pine forest, cloud forest, especially
disturbed areas (common), 1750-2200 m; * throughout park and
adjacent areas. Baird LV-29. Judd 4350.

Fumaiia capreolam L. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest, along stream
(common), 1800-1900 m; Rividre Blanche. Judd 4298. Introduced.

Superorder Chenopodiinorae
Order Chenopodiales

Family Phytolaccaceae (1/2)

Phytolacca rivinoides Kunth & Bouch6. Terrestrial herb ; cloud forest, open
disturbed areas (occasional), 1700-1850 m; Morne d'Enfer to M. FB
Noir. Judd 4670.

Phytolacca icosandra L Terrestrial herb ; cloud forest, moist pine forest,
especially disturbed areas (occasional), 1800-2220 m; Morne FB Noir
to Belle Fontaine/Roche Cabrit. Judd 4561, 4837.



84 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

Family Caryophyllaceae (415)

Arenana lanuginosa (Michx.) Rohrb. Terrestrial herb; pine forest, disturbed
open areas (occasional), 1790-1900 m; f throughOut plateau. Judd
4881, Zanoni & Meiia 24624.

Cemstium glomemtwn Thu ill. Terrestrial herb; pine forest, disturbed open
areas (common), 1750-1900 m; f throughout plateau. Judd 4485,
4882b. Introduced.

Silent gallica L Terrestrial herb; cloud forest, pine forest, disturbed open
areas (common), 1750-1900 m; f throughout plateau. Judd 4493.
Zanoni & Meiia 24553. Introduced.

Stellatia antiUana Urb. Terrestrial herb; cloud forest, disturbed open areas
(locally common), 1600-1650 m; ravine east of Berac area. Judd
4944.

Stellalia media (L.) Vill . Terrestrial herb; pine forest, cloud forest, disturbed
open areas (common), 1700-1900 m; f throughout plateau. Judd
4463,4882a. Introduced.

Family Amaranthaceae (1/1)

Iresine herbstii Hook. Terrestrial herb; cloud forest, disturbed open areas
(rare), 1700-1800 m; Morne FB Noir. Judd 4780. Introduced.

Superorder Thelflorae
Order Theales

Family Theaceae (1/1)

Laplacea alpestris (Krug & Urb.) Dyer. Tree; cloud forest (uncommon),
1660-2160 m; between Morne d'Enfer and M. F6 Noir, Tete Opaque;
Ekman also collected this species at ca 2200 m on Morne La Visite
and Pic Cabaio. Baird LV-25, Judd 4756. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Family Aquifoliaceae (1/3)

Iler fieiyesiana (Loes.) Loes. Shrub; cloud forest (uncommon), ca 2150 m;
between Pic Cabaio and Belle Fontaine/Roche Cabrit; Ekman also
collected species from north slope of Morne La Visite at ca 1600 m.
Judd 4841. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Ilex macfadyenii (Walp.) Rehder. Shrub; pine forest, cloud forest
(occasional), 1650-2300 m; nearly throughout. Judd 4351, 4540.

Ila blancheana Judd. Shrub; cloud forest (uncommon), 1700-1800 m;
Rividre Blanche. Judd 4403. Endemic to Massif de La Selle (RiviBre
Blanche).



JUDD: FLORISTIC STUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 85

Family Clusiaceae or Guttiferae (2/5)

Clusia clusioides (Griseb.) D'Arcy. Shrub; cloud forest (occasional), ca 1705
m; between Morne d'Enfer and M. Ft.Noir. Judd 4784.

Hypen'cum fuertesii Urb. Terrestrial herb; cloud forest/ moist pine forest,
steep rocky slopes (common), 2050-2250 m; northern slope of Morne
La Visite. Judd 4518. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Hypericum hypen'coides (L) Crantz. Subshrub; pine forest (occasional), 1750-
1800 m; "The Depression." Judd 4490.

Hypericum miltdolium Urb. & Ekin. Shrub; cloud forest, open areas (rare),
ca 2300 m; Pic Cabaio. Judd 4547. Endemic to the Massif de La
Selle.

Hypen'cum pe,foratum L Terrestrial herb; pine forest, cloud forest, especially
disturbed open areas (abundant), 1700-2300 m; nearly throughout,
especially pinelands. Judd 4369.4665. Introduced.

Order Ericales
Family Ericaceae (2/5)

Gaultheria domingensis Urb. Shrub; pine forest (uncommon), cloud
forest/moist pine forest (common), 1800-2250 m; northern slope of
Morne La Visite, pinelands near Rivitre Blanche. Judd 4289. 4515.

Lyonia buchii Urb. Shrub to tree; cloud forest/moist pine forest (common),
1500-2250 m; northern slope of Morne La Visite. Judd 4345, 4513.
Endemic to Hispaniola.

Lyonia microcalpa Urb. & Ekm. Shrub to tree; pine forest, cloud forest
(occasional/common), 1750-2200 m; scattered throughout pinelands,
locally dominant in hardwoods between Pic Cabaio and Belle
Fontaine/Roche Cabrit. Judd 4461. 4481. 4827, 4854. Endemic to
Massif de La Selle.

Lyonia mbiginosa (Pers.) G. Don var. costata (Urb.) Judd. Shrub; pine forest
(occasional), ca 1825 m; pinelands near Park Center. Judd 4807.
4808.4886. Endemic to Hispani6la.

Lyonia tmncam Urb. var. tmncata. Shrub to small tree; pine forest (rare), ca
1800 m; "The Depression." Judd 4460. Endemic to Massif de La
Selle.

Order Ebenales
Family Sapotaceae (2/2)

Bumelia subintegra Urb. & Ekm. Shrub; pine forest, cloud forest
(occasional), 1700-2160 m; scattered in pinelands, Rivitre Blanche,



86 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

Morne d'Enfer to just west of M. La Visite, Tete Opaque; Ekman
collected in vicinity of Morne Cabaio, ca 2200 m. Baird LV-23, Judd
4381, 4449. Endemic to Massif de La Selle.

Dipholis cubensis (Griseb.) Pierre. Shrub; cloud forest (uncommon), 1850-
1950 m; Morne d'Enfer. Judd 4717. Generic delimitation in group
problematical; species sometimes considered in Bumelia.

Order Primulales
Family Myrsinaceae (2/4)

Ardisia jimitesii Urb. Shrub to small tree; cloud forest (occasional/common),
1660-2000 m; Morne d'Enfer to M. La Visite, Rivitre Blanche. Judd
4411, 4653, 4766. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Ardisia picardae Urb. Shrub to small tree; cloud forest (common), 1650-2050
m; Morne d'Enfer to M. La Visite, Rividre Blanche, ravine east of
Park Center. Judd 4442.4587. Zanoni & Meiia 24552. Endemic to
Massif de La Selle.

Myrsine nubicola Liogier. Shrub; cloud forest (occasional/common), 1850-
2300 m; Morne d'Enfer to Tete Opaque, Roche Plate, favine east of
Park Center. Baird LV-31, Judd 4546, 4564. 4646, 4692, Thompson
3753-13, Zanoni & Meiia 24547. 24562. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Myrsine coriacea (Sw.) R. Br. ex Roem . & Schult. Shrub to small tree ; cloud
forest, moist pine forest (very common), 1650-2100 m; Morne
d'Enfer to M. La Visite, RiviBre Blanche, ravine east of Park Center,
other ravines in pinelands. Judd 4315. 4426, 4716.

Family Primulaceae (1/1)

Anagallis arvensis L. Terrestrial herb; moist vegetation along stream, open
areas (common), 1800-1900 m; Morne Nacel region, Rivitre Blanche.
Judd 4324. Zanoni & Meiia 24557. Introduced.

Order Polygonales
Family Polygonaceae (2/2)

Coccoloba picardae Urb. Shrub to small tree; cloud forest (common), 1700-
2000 m; Morne d'Enfer to M. La Visite, RiviBre Blanche; Ekman
collected this species near Pic Cabaio. Judd 4642.4409,4667,4668.
Zanoni & Meiia 24519. Endemic to Massif de La Selle.

Rumex obtus(folius L. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest, disturbed open
areas, often along streams (common), 1600-1800 m; Rivi6re Blanche,
ravirie east of Berac area, scattered in pinelands. Judd 4468.4953.
Introduced.



JUDD: FLORISTIC SrUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 87

Superorder Celastriflorae
Order Celastrales

Family Celastraceae (1/1)

Tonalbasia cune(folia (C. Wr.) Krug. & Urb, Shrub to tree; cloud forest
(uncommon), ca 1750 m; Rivitre Blanche. Judd 4800.

Superorder Santaliflorae
Order Santalales

Family Eremolepidaceae (1/1)

Eremolepis wrightii Griseb. Epiphytic and parasitic shrub; cloud forest (rare),
1700-1800 m; Rivi6re Blanche; Ekman collected species from Pic
Cabaio at ca 2300 m. Judd 4414. Det. Elizabeth A. Kellogg.

Family Loranthaceae (1/3)

Dendropemon bistmms Urb. Epiphytic and parasitic shrub; cloud forest
(occasional), 1650-1900 m; Morne La Visite, Rivitre Blanche. Judd
4398,4429, Thompson 3748-6. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Dendropemon pan*lius (Sw.) Steud. Epiphytic and parasitic shrub; cloud
forest (uncommon), ca 2300 m; Pic Cabaio. Judd 4541.

Dendropenion pycnophyllus Krug & Urb. Epiphytic and parasitic shrub (on
Pinus); pine forest (common), 1750-2200 m; i throughout pinelands.
Baird LV-30, Judd 4378. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Family Viscaceae (1/2)

Dendrophthom cupressoides (Macf.) Eichl. Epiphytic and parasitic shrub;
cloud forest (occasional), 1650-2160 m; Morne d'Enfer to M. Nacel,
Tete Opaque, Rivitre Blanche. Baird LV-34, Judd 4448,4760.

Dendrophthora serpyllifolia (Griseb.) Krug & Urb. Epiphytic and parasitic
shrub; cloud forest (occasional), ca 1900 m; Morne Nacel. Judd
4649.

Superorder Violinorae
Order Violales

Family Passifloraceae (1/2)

Passiflora orbiculata Cav. Vine; cloud forest, moist pine forest (uncommon),
1750-1950 m; Morne d'Enfer to M. Ft Noir, "The Depression." Judd
4478,4721.



88 BULLETIN FLORIDA SrATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

Pass<flora sex#ora Juss. Vine; cloud forest (occasional); 1800-2100 m; Morne
d'Enfer, Roche Plate. Judd 4660, Thompson 3753-6.

Family Cucurbitaceae (2/2)

Melothn'a domingensis Cogn. Vine; cloud forest, disturbed open areas
(occasional), 1800-1900 m; Morne d'Enfer. Judd 4669. Endemic to
Hispaniola.

Sicyos laciniatus L Vine; disturbed cloud forest, ca 1900 m; Mome Nacel
region. Zanoni & Meiia 24532.

Family Begoniaceae (1/2)

Begonia domingensis DC. Terrestrial herb; cloud forest (common), 1650- 1800
m; Rivitre Blanche. Judd 4446. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Begonia plafyptera Urb. Terrestrial herb; cloud forest, moist pine forest
(common), 1600-1800 m; Rividre Blanche, ravine east of Berac area.
Judd 4300. Endemic to Massif de La Selle.

Order Capparales
Family Brassicaceae or Cruciferae (6/6)

Barbarea verna (Mill.) Aschers. Terrestrial herb ; pine forest, disturbed open
areas, fields (common), 1750-2000 m; a throughout pinelands. Judd
4961. Introduced.

Brassica campes#is L. Terrestrial herb; pine forest, disturbed open areas,
fields (very common), 1750-2000 m; f throughout pinelands. Judd
4290. Introduced.

Cardamine hirsum L. Terrestrial herb; cloud forest, open disturbed areas,
fields (occasional), ca 2210 m; between Pic Cabaio and Belle
Fontaine/Roche Cabrit. Judd 4856. Introduced.

Lepidium vi,ginicum L. Terrestrial herb; pine forest, disturbed open areas,
fields (common), 1700-1900 m; f throughout pinelands. Judd 4638.

Nasmrtium omcinale R. Br. Terrestrial/aquatic herb; along margins of (or in)
streams (common), ca 1800 m; Riviare Blanche. Judd 4287.
Introduced.

Raphanus sativus L Terrestrial herb ; cloud forest/moist pine forest,
disturbed open areas, fields (uncommon), ca 2180 m; between Morne
La Visite and Pic Cabaio. Judd 4512. Introduced.



JUDD: FLORISTIC STUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 89

Superorder Malviftorae
Order Malvales

Family Malvaceae (1/1)

Sphaeralcea abutiloides (L.) G. Don. Shrub; pine forest (uncommon), 1800-
2050 m; pinelands south of Park Center. Judd 4376.

Family Ulmaceae (1/1)

7>ema micrantha (L.) Blume. Tree; cloud forest, moist pine forest (common),
1600-2150 m; Morne d'Enfer to M. La Visite, Roche Plate, Rivitre
Blanche, ravine east of Berac area. Judd 4404, 4568, Thompson
3748-3. 3753-1.

Family Urticaceae (including Moraceae, Cecropiaceae) (2/13)

Gyrotaenia myriocarpa Griseb. Shrub; moist pine forest, cloud forest
(occasional/common), 1660-2250 m; Morne d'Enfer to north slope of
M. La Visite. Judd 4522.4752.

Pilea cellulosa (Spreng.) Urb. Terrestrial herb; cloud forest (occasional),
1600-1650 m; ravine east of Berac area. Judd 4948.

Pilea cephalantha Wedd. Terrestrial herb; cloud forest (common), 1650-1900
m; RiviBre Blanche, Morne d'Enfer, to M. Nacel(?). Judd 4390.
Endemic to Massif de La Selle.

Pilea domingensis Urb. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest (common), ca 1800
m; RiviBre Blanche. Judd 4262. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Pilea franquervilleana Wedd. Terrestrial herb ; cloud forest, moist pine forest
(common), 1800-2220 m; Morne La Visite to Pic Cabaio. Judd 4532,
4562?. 4563. Endemic to Massif de La Selle.

Pilea hepatica Urb. & Ekm. Terrestrial herb; cloud forest (uncommon),
1600-1650 m; ravine east of Berac area. Judd 4947. Endemic to
Massif de La Selle and Massif de La Hotte.

Pilea lanceolata (Lam.) Wedd. Terrestrial herb ; pine forest, cloud forest
(common), 1800-2300 m; Pic Cabaio, scattered in pinelands, RiviBre
Blanche. Judd 4382. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Pilea cf. lapidincola Urb. & Ekm. Terrestrial herb; cloud forest (common),
ca 1900 m; Morne Nacel. Judd 4706. Endemic to Massif de La Selle.

Pilea microphylla (14 Liebm. Terrestrial herb ; moist pine forest, rocky slopes
(common), 1790-2160 m; Morne Nacel to Tete Opaque, Rivitre
Blanche. Baird LV-26, Judd 4267.4282, Zanoni & Meiia 24623.

Pilea parietan'a (L.) Blume. Terrestrial herb; cloud fofest, open disturbed
areas (occasional), 1880-1900 m; Morne d'Enfer. Judd 4680.



90 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

Pilea propinqua Wedd. Terrestrial herb ; moist pine forest, rocky slopes
(common), ca 1800 m; RiviBre Blanche. Judd 4325. Endemic to
Hispaniola.

Pilea psilogyne Urb. Terrestrial/aquatic herb; on rocks in stream (common),
ca 1800 mi RiviBre Blanche; Ekman collected species on Morne
Cabaio, ca 2200 m. Judd 4335. Endemic to Ma5sif de La Selle.

Pilea sp. 1. Terrestrial herb; cloud forest (common), 1850-1950 m; Morne
d'Enfer. Judd 4723.

Order Rhamnales
Family Rhamnaceae (1/1)

Rhamnus sphaerospenna Sw. Shrub; pine forest (rare), ca 1900 m; ridge east
of Park Center. Judd 4826.

Order Euphorbiales
Family Euphorbiaceae (5/5)

Ditm sp. nov. aff. D. myncoides Griseb. Shrub; cloud forest (occasional),
1740-1900 m; Morne Nacel region, RiviEre Blanche. Judd 4801,
Zanoni & Meiia 24561. Endemic to Massif de La Selle. Det. T.
Zanoni.

Euphorbia peplus L Terrestrial herb; pine forest, especially disturbed areas
(occasional/common), 1800-2050 m; Rivitre Blanche, * scattered in
pinelands. Judd 4337.4374. Introduced.

Phyllanthus lindenianus Baill . var. inaequ(tolius (Webster) Webster.
Terrestrial herb; pine forest, especially ravine slopes and disturbed
areas (very common), 1800-2000 m; Rivitre Blanche, * scattered in
pinelands. Judd 4331. 4880. Endemic to Massif de La Selle.

Ricinus communis L. Shrub; pine forest, disturbed open areas (common), ca
1900 m; near Park Center, f throughout plateau in disturbed
localities. Judd 4939. Introduced.

Sapium buchii Urb. Tree; cloud forest (occasional), 1850-2100 m; Morne
d'Enfer to west slope of M. La Visite, Roche Plate. Judd 4652,
Thomnson 3753-8. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Family Thymelaeaceae (1/1)

Daphnopsis crassifolia (Poir.) Meissn. Shrub ; pine forest, cloud forest (very
common), 1700-2300 m; Morne d'Enfer to Tete Opaque, Roche
Plate, Riviare Blanche, ravine east of Park Center, other ravines, f
throughout pinelands. Judd. 4312, 4412, 4465, 4480, Thompson
3753-10. Endemic to Hispaniola.



JUDD: FLORISTIC STUDY HAITIANNATIONAL PARKS 91

Superorder Geraniiftorae
Order Geraniales

Family Linaceae (1/1)

Linum usitatissimum L. Terrestrial herb; pine forest, especially open
disturbed areas (common), 1700-1900 m; f throughout pinelands.
Judd 4323. Introduced.

Family Oxalidaceae (1/2)

Oxalis comiculata L. Terrestrial herb; pine forest (occasional), ca 1800 m;
scattered in pinelands. Judd 4415.

Oxalis eggersii Urb. Terrestrial herb; pine forest, rocky areas (occasional),
1750-1800 m; "The Depression." Judd 4498.

Family Geraniaceae (2/3)

Gemnium pwpureum Vill. Terrestrial herb; pine forest, cleared pasture
(occasional), ca 2050-2250 m; Galette Seche to ridge west of Pic
Cabaio. Judd 4859. Introduced.

Gemnium rotund(folium L. Terrestrial herb; cloud forest, pine forest,
disturbed open areas (very common), 1800-2150 m; Morne La Visite,
* throughout pinelands. Judd 4363. Zanoni & Meiia 24555.
Introduced.

Pelaigonium graveolens L'Her. ex Ait. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest
(rare), ca 2120 m; Morne La Visite. Judd 4573. Introduced.

Family Malpighiaceae (2/2)

Bunchosia ekmanii Urb. & Ekm. Shrub; cloud forest (uncommon), 1700-1900
m; Morne Nacel region, RiviBre Blanche. Judd 4402, Zanoni &
Meiia 24530. Endemic to Massif de La Selle.

Malpighia macracantha Urb. & Ndz. Shrub; cloud forest (occasional), 1700-
1900 m; Morne Nacel, Rividre Blanche; Ekman collected this species
near Pic Cabaio, ca 2200-2300 m. Judd 4401. Endemic to Massif de
La Selle.

Superorder Rutinorae
Order Rutales

Family Rutaceae (2/2)

Citms aurantium L. Tree; cloud forest (occasional), 1850-1920 m; Morne
d'Enfer. Judd 4687. Introduced.



92 BULLETIN FLORIDA SrATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

Zantho*ylum tetraphyllum (Urb. & Ekm.) Jimdnez. Shrub; cloud forest, open
rocky area (rare), 2220 m; just west of Pic Cabaio. Judd 4560.
Endemic to Massif de La Selle.

Family Simaroubaceae (1/1)

Picrasma selleana Urb. Shrub to small tree; cloud forest (occasional), 1700-
1900 m; Morne Nacel region, Rividre Blanche. Judd 4400, Zanoni &
Meiia 24528. Endemic to Massif de La Selle.

Family Myricaceae (1/1)

A*rica picardae Krug & Urb. Shrub; pine forest, moist pine forest/cloud
forest (very common), 1650-2250 m; Morne La Visite to Belle
Fontaine/Roche Cabrit, probably also at Tete Opaque, f throughout
pinelands. Judd 4353, 4520, Thompson 3748-11. Endemic to
Hispaniola.

Family Sapindaceae (1/1)

Allophylus crassinervis Radlk. Shrub; cloud forest (occasional), 1660- 1740 m;
between Morne d'Enfer and M. FB Noir. Judd 4765.

Family Sabiaceae (1/1)

Meliosma impressa Krug & Urb. Tree; cloud forest, moist pine forest
(common), 1600-2150 m; Morne d'Enfer to M. La Visite, Rivitre
Blanche, ravine east of Berac area, ravine east of Park Center. Judd
4306. 4413, 4531, 4832. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Family Fabaceae or I.eguminosae (4/5)

Caesalpinia sepiana Roxb. Scrambling shrub; cloud forest (uncommon),
1900-2100 m; Morne Nacel, western slope of Morne La Visite,
Roche Plate. Judd 4707. Thompson 3753-14.

Medicago lupulina L. Terrestrial herb; pine forest, disturbed open areas,
fields (common), 1800-1950 m; f throughout pinelands. Judd 4879,
Zanoni &.Meiia 24513. Introduced.

Phaseolus lunatus L Terrestrial herb; cloud forest, disturbed open areas
(uncommon), 1650-1700 m; Rivitre Blanche. Judd 4445.
Introduced.

Trifolium arvense L. Terrestrial herb; pine forest (occasional), ca 1800 m;
pinelands near Rivitre Blanche. Judd 4284. Introduced.



JUDD: FLORISTIC SFUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 93

Tnfolium repens L. Terrestrial herb; pine forest, disturbed open areas, fields
(common), 1800-2300 m; Morne La Visite to Pic Cabaio, *
throughout pinelands. Judd 4877. Introduced.

Superorder Rosiflorae
Order Rosales

Family Rosaceae (2/3)

Fragana vesca L. Terrestrial herb; pine forest, cloud forest, disturbed open
areas (common), 1750-2300 m; i throughout pinelands, southern
slope of Morne La Visite to Pic Cabaio, Rivi6re Blanche. Judd 4349,
Zanoni & Meiia 24622. Introduced.

Rubus argentijtons Bailey. Terrestrial herb; pine forest (abundant), 1750-2200
m; * throughout pinelands. Judd 4362. Endemic to Hispaniola; the
very similar species, R. se#eanus Helwig., is probably also present.

Rubus haitiensis Bailey. Terrestrial herb; pine forest (abundant), 1750-2200
m; :t throughout pinelands. Judd 4473. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Family Cunoniaceae (1/1)

Heinmannia pinnam L. Shrub to tree; cloud forest, moist pine forest (very
common), 1750-2250 m; Morne d'Enfer to M. La Visite, Rividre
Blanche, ravine east of Park Center. Judd 4292. 4311. 4525.

Family Brunelliaceae (1/1)

Brunellia comodad«folia Humb. & Bonpl. subsp. domingensis Cuatr. Tree;
cloud forest, moist pine forest (very common), 1600-2250 m; Morne
d'Enfer to Tete Opaque, Rivitre Blanche. Judd 4417, 4567.

Family Staphyleaceae (1/1)

Tutpinia picardae Urb. Shrub to small tree; cloud forest
(occasional/common), 1700-1900 m; Morne d'Enfer to M. Nacel, M.
La Visite(?), "The Depression." Judd 4476. 4651. 4681. 4775.
Endemic to Massif de La Selle and Massif de La Hotte.

Superorder Myrtiflorae
Order MyrtaIes

Family Lythraceae (1/1)

Cuphea romndifolia Koehne. Terrestrial herb; cloud forest, disturbed open
areas (occasional), 1850-1900 m; Morne d'Enfer. Judd 4666.



94 BULLETIN FLORIDA SrATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

Family Melastomataceae (4/11)

Heterotrichum angust<folium DC. Shrub; moist pine forest (occasional), ca
1500 m; northern slope of Morne La Visite. N6t collected; this
species was collected by Ekman at ca 1600 m.

Heteromchum umbeUatum (Mill.) Urb. Shrub to small tree; cloud forest,
disturbed openings (common), 1850-1880 m; Morne d'Enfer. Judd
4657.

Mecranium mult#lorum (L.C. Rich.) Triana. Shrub to small tree; cloud forest
(occasional/common), 1700-1880 m; Morne d'Enfer to M. Fd Noir.
Judd 4663.4750,4753,4783. Skean 1055, 1056.

Meriania involucrata (Desr.) Naud . Shrub to tree ; cloud forest (occasional),
1600-1900 m; Morne d'Enfer to ravine east of Berac area (east of M.
Nacel). Judd 4664,4758,4779. Skean 1058. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Miconia alboviridis Urb. & Ekm. Shrub; disturbed cloud forest, ca 1900 m;
Morne La Visite (Ekman H1400), recollected 15.8 km W of Mare
Rouge on road to Seguin by T. Zanoni et al., ie. Zanoni et al. 18698.

Miconia favosa (Desr.) Naud. Shrub; cloud forest (occasional/very common),
1600-1900 m; Morne d'Enfer to ravine east of Berac area, RiviBre
Blanche. Judd 4250,4455,4658,4725,4762. Endemic to Massif de
La Selle and Massif de La Hotte.

Miconia femlginea (Desr.) DC. Shrub; cloud forest (occasional), 1600- 1900
m; Morne FB Noir to ravine east of Berac area, Rividre Blanche.
Judd 4454.4778.4940. Endemic to Massif de La Selle.

Miconia lanceolam (Desr.) DC. Shrub to tree; cloud forest (uncommon),
1850-2210 m; Morne d'Enfer, Pic Cabaio to Belle Fontaine. Judd
4712, 4851. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Miconia luteola Cogn. Shrub; pine forest, Morne La Visite. Collected by E.
Ekman; not recollected in park, but collected to the east in vicinity of
Pic La Selle, Judd 4932. Endemic to Massif de La Selle.

Miconia dgidissima Urb. & Ekm. Shrub; cloud forest, open rocky areas
(uncommon), ca 2300 m; Pic Cabaio; Ekman also collected this
species on Morne La Visite. Judd 4538. Endemic to Massif de La
Selle.

Miconia seUeana Urb. & Ekm. Shrub to small tree; cloud forest, moist pine
forest (occasional), 1900-2250 m; Morne La Visite, Rivitre Blanche,
ravine east of Park Center. Judd 4519, 4528, 4566. Endemic to
Hispaniola; Ekman also collected in Massif de La Hotte.

Miconia subcompressa Urb. & Ekm. Shrub; moist pine forest (rare), ca 1800
m; RiviBre Blanche. Judd 4251. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Miconia tetrastoma Naud. Shrub; cloud forest (occasional), 1660- 1880 m;
Morne d'Enfer to M. FB Noir. Judd 4662.4763.



JUDD: FLORISTIC SIUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 95

Family Myrtaceae (2/5)

Calyptranthes .densifolia Urb. & Ekm. Shrub to tree ; cloud forest
(occasional), 1900-2250 m; Morne Nacel, between Pic Cabaio and
Belle Fontaine/Roche Cabrit; Ekman collected species on Morne La
Visite and M. Cabaio. Judd 4645. Endemic to the Massif de La
Selle.

Ca6ptmnthes nummularia Berg. Shrub; moist pine forest (uncommon), 1850-
1900 m; Morne Nacel region, "The Depression." Judd 4791, Zanoni
& Melia 24510. Endemic to Massif de La Selle and Massif de La
Hotte.

Calyptranthes ct. pitoniana Urb. & Ekm. Small tree ; cloud forest (common),
1700-2100 m; Morne Nacel, Roche Plate, RiviBre Blanche. Judd
4399,4654, Thompson 3753-4. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Eugenia lineata (Sw.) DC. Small tree ; cloud forest (occasional ), 1850- 1880 m;
Morne d'Enfer. Judd 4682. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Eugenia picardae Krug & Urb. Shrub; cloud forest (occasional), 1875-1930
m; Morne Nacel to M. La Visite. Judd 4650,4820. Endemic to
Massif de La Selle.

Family Onagraceae (2/3)

Epilobium colomtum Muhl. ex Willd. Terrestrial herb; along stream
(common), ca 1800 m; Rividre Blanche. Judd 4327. Endemic to
Hispaniola.

Fuchsia pn'ngsheimii Urb. Shrub; cloud forest, moist pine forest (common),
1650-2300 m; Morne d'Enfer to Tete Opaque, RiviBre Blanche,
ravine east of Park Center, other ravines in-  pinelands. Judd 4313,
4393, 4552. 4672, 4676, 4677, 4731. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Fuchsia tnphy#a L. Shrub; cloud forest to pine forest (common), 1650-2200
m; Morne d'Enfer to Tete Opaque, Rivi6re Blanche, ravine east of
Park Center, other ravines in pinelands, + scattered throughout
pinelands. Baird LV-28, Judd 4366, 4673, 4732. Endemic to
Hispaniola.

Fuchsia pringsheimii Urb. X triphylla L Shrub; cloud forest (occasional),
1850-1880 m; Morne d'Enfer. Judd 4674.4675. Hybrids have been
reported from several localities in the Massif de La Selle.



96 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

Superorder Corniflorae
Order Cornales

Family Garryaceae (1/1)

Ganya fa*enii Hook. Shrub to tree; pine forest to cloud forest (very
common), 1650-2300 m; f throughout pinelands and hardwood
forests. Judd 4264.:4377.4491. Thomnson 3753-3. 3758-1.

Order Araliales
Family Araliaceae (including Apiaceae) (8/8)

Anethum graveolens L Terrestrial herb ; pine forest (uncommon), ca 1910 m;
pinelands near Park Center. Judd 4641. Introduced.

Daucus carom L. Terrestrial herb; pine forest, especially open disturbed areas
(very common), 1800-2100 m; Morne La Visite toward Pic Cabaio, *
throughout pinelands. Judd 4936. Introduced.

Dendropanar arboreus (L.) Decne & Planet Tree; cloud forest (common),
1660-1750 m; Rivitre Blanche, ravine east of Berac area (east of
Morne Nacel). Judd 4430.

Didmyopanax tremulum Krug & Urb. Tree; cloud forest (very common),
1600-2250 m; Morne d'Enfer to M. La Visite, ravine east of Berac
area, Rividre Blanche, ravine east of Park Center, other ravines in
pinelands. Judd 4392.4727. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Hydrocotyle pusilla A. Rich. Terrestrial herb ; pine forest (occasional), ca 1800
m; near Rividre Blanche. Judd 4601.

Oreopanax capimtum (Jacq.) Decne. & Plahch. Tree; pine forest to cloud
forest (very common), 1700-2160 m; Morne La Visite to Tete
Opaque, Rividre Blanche, ravine east of Park Center, other ravines in
pinelands. Baird LV-22. Judd 4310, 4452.

Pastinaca sativa L. Terrestrial herb; pine forest, especially disturbed areas
(very common), 1750-2300 m; Morne La Visite to Pic Cabaio, *
scattered in pinelands. Judd 4355. Introduced.

Petroselinum sativum Hoffm. Terrestrial herb ; pine forest, especially
disturbed areas (very common), 1750-2150 m; Morne La Visite, *
scattered in pinelands. Judd 4354. Introduced.



JUDD: FLORISTIC STUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 97

Superorder Gentianiftorae
Order Gentianales

Family Buddlejaceae (1/1)

Buddleja domingensis Urb. Shrub; cloud forest, moist pine forest (very
common), 1600-2300 m; Morne d'Enfer to Pic Cabaio, ravine east of
Berac area, RiviBre Blanche, ravine east of Park Center, other
ravines in pinelands. Judd 4410. 4570, Zanoni & Meiia 24566.
Endemic to Hispaniola.

Family Rubiaceae (7/13)

Galium apan'ne L Terrestrial herb; cloud forest, moist pine forest, in open
disturbed areas (occasional), 1800-1900 m; Morne Nacel region,
RiviBre Blanche. Judd 4307, Zanoni & Meiia 24521. Introduced.

Galium brevibes Urb. Terrestrial herb; pine forest (occasional), 1750-1850 m;
"The Depression." Judd 4484. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Guettarda pungens Urb. Shrub; cloud forest, ca 1900 m; Morne Nacel region.
Zanoni & Meiia 24498. '

Guettarda or Psychotria sp. Tree; cloud forest (occasional), ca 1650 m;
Rivitre Blanche. Judd 4420

Mitracatpus decumbens Urb. Terrestrial herb; pine forest (common), 1800-
2050 m; f scattered in pinelands. Judd 4367. Endemic to Massif de
La Selle.

Palicourea alpina (Sw.) DC. Shrub; moist pine forest, cloud forest (common),
1600-2250 m; Morne d'Enfer to M. La Visite, ravine east of Berac
area, RiviBre Blanche; Ekman, in field notes, also reports from Pic
Cabaio. Judd 4529.4588.4946.

Psychotnk bmeriana DC. Shrub; cloud forest (uncommon), 1660-1735 m;
Morne FE Noir. Judd 4751.

Psychotria liogien' Steyermark. Shrub; cloud forest (occasional), ca 1700 m;
between Morne d'Enfer and M. FB Noir. Judd 4788, Skean 1057.
Endemic to Hispaniola.

Psychotna baltenweckii Urb. Shrub; cloud forest (common), 1750-2050 m;
Morne d'Enfer to M. La Visite, Rivitre Blanche; Ekman also
collected this species on M. Cabaio. Judd 4565.4728.4795, Zanoni
& Meiia 24512. Endemic to Massif de La Selle.

Relbunium hypocalium (L.) Hemsl. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest
(common), 1750-2150 m; southern slope of Morne La Visite, "The
Depression." Judd 4488.4530. ThomDSOn 3748-4.

Rondeletia camea Urb. & Elan. Shrub to small tree; cloud forest, moist pine
forest (uncommon), 1750-2200 m; Morne La Visite; Ekman also



98 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

collected species on M. Cabaio. Judd 4554,4822. Endemic fo Massif
de La Selle.

Rondeletia christii Urb. Shrub; cloud forest (occasional), ca 1750 m; Rivitre
Blanche. Judd 4796. Endemic to Hispaniola; R. seUeana Urb. &
Ekm., described from the Morne La Visite region, is probably
conspecific.

Rondeletia domatiata Urb. Shrub; cloud forest (occasional/ common), 1800-
1950 m; Morne d'Enfer. Judd 4683, 4710, 4714. Endemic to Massif
de La Selle (Morne d'Enfer).

Family Apocynaceae (incl. Asclepiadaceae) (3/3)

Asclepias nivea L. Terrestrial herb; cloud forest, pine forest, disturbed open
areas (occasional), 1600-1900 m; ravine east of Berac area; * scattered
in pinelands. Judd 4945.

Cynanchum leptocladium (Decne.) Jim6nez. Vine; cloud forest moist pine
forest (occasional/common), 1650-1930 m; Morne d'Enfer to M. La
Visite, "The Depression," Rivitre Blanche. Judd 4689, Zanoni &
Meiia 24505.

Marsdenia clausa R. Br. Vine ; cloud forest (occasional), 1700- 1900 m; Morne
FE Noir to M. Nacel, Rivitre Blanche. Judd 4407.4839.

Order Bignoniales
Family Bignoniaceae (1/1)

Tecoma smns (L.) Juss. Shrub; cloud forest (uncommon), ca 1750 m; Rivitre
Blanche. Judd 4802. Introduced.

Family Scrophulariaceae (2/2)

Scrophulan'a minut#lora Pennell. Terrestrial herb; cloud forest, moist pine
forest (occasional), 1850-2200 m; Morne d'Enfer to M. La Visite,
Rivitre Blanche. Judd 4533a. 4730.

Perbascum thapsus L. Terrestrial herb; pine forest, especially disturbed open
areas (common), 1800-2150 m; southern slope of Morne La Visite, *
scattered in pinelands. Judd 4571. Introduced.

Family Plantaginaceae (1/1)

Plantago lanceolata L. Terrestrial herb ; pine forest, especially disturbed open
areas (abundant), 1750-2300 m; southern slope of Morne La Visite
to Pic Cabaio, a throughout pinelands. Judd 4876. Introduced.



JUDD: FLORISTIC SIUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 99

Family Gesneriaceae (3/7)

Columnea domingensis Urb. Epiphytic vine; cloud forest (occasional), 1650-
1900 m; Morne d'Enfer to Morne La Visite, Rivitre Blanche. Judd
4436. Zanoni & Meiia 24559. (= Trichantha domingensis (Urb.)
Wiehler)

Gesneria bullata Urb. & Ekm. Shrub; moist pine forest (common), 1700-2200
m; between Morne La Visite and Pic Cabaio, RiviBre Blanche. Judd
4256.4328. Endemic to Massif de La Selle. Det. L. E. Skog (4256).

Gesnen'a ekmanii Urb. (=RhynWophyUum sp.) Shrub; cloud forest (common),
1600-1900 m; Morne d'Enfer to ravine east of Berac area, Rivitre
Blanche. Judd 4437.4704, 4767,4956. Endemic to Massif de La
Hotte and Massif de La Selle. Det. L. E. Skog (4767).

Gesnen'a hypoclada Urb. & Ekm. Shrub to small tree; cloud forest (rare),
1750-1900 m; Morne Nacel region, RiviBre Blanche. Judd 4798,
Zanoni & Meiia 24566. Endemic to Massif de La Selle and Massif
de La Hotte. Det. L. E. Skog.

Gesnen'a virid$ora (Decaisne) Kuntz subsp. acrochordonanthe L. Skog.
Shrub; cloud forest (common), 1650-1800 m; Rivitre Blanche. Judd
4427. Endemic to Massif de La Selle and Massif de La Hotte. Det.
LE.Skog.

Rhytidophyllum auriculatum Hook. Shrub; cloud forest, often disturbed open
areas (common), 1650-1800 m; Morne d'Enfer to north slope of M.
Nacel, RiviBre Blanche. Judd 4447. 4648, 4761.

Rhytidophyllum sp. nov. aff. R. aun'culatum Hook. Shrub; cloud forest
(occasional), 1800-1900 m; Morne FB Noir. Judd 4781, 4838.
Endemic to Morne FB Noir. Det. L. E. Skog.

Order Lamiales
Family Verbenaceae (4/4)

Citharaylum caudamm L. Shrub to tree; cloud forest, moist pine forest
(occasional/common), 1650-2250 m; Morne d'Enfer to M. La Visite,
Rivitre Blanche, "The Depression." Judd 4477,4757.4790,4797.

Duranta an'da Britt. & Will Shrub; cloud forest (occasional/common), 2150-
2220 m; vicinity of Pic Cabaio to Belle Fontaine/Roche Cabrit. Judd
4559.4840.

Lantana tnfolia L. Shrub; cloud forest, disturbed open areas (uncommon), ca
1900 m; Morne Nacel. Judd 4705.

Verbena domingensis Urb. Terrestrial herb; pine fofest (uncommon), 1800-
1900 m; f scattered in pinelands near Park Center; Ekman collected
species at ca 2200 m in vicinity of Pic Cabaio. Judd 4809. Endemic
to Hispaniola.



100 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

Family Lamiaceae or Labiatae (5/7)

Hyptis schusteri Urb. Shrub; cloud forest (locally common), ca 2300 m; Pic
Cabaio. Judd 4551. Endemic to Massif de La Selle and Massif de La
Hotte.

PmneUa vulgails L. Terrestrial herb; pine forest or cloud forest, especially
open disturbed areas (common), 1750-2150 m; Morne Nacel to
Morne La Visite, * throughout pinelands. Judd 4348, Zanoni &
Meiia 24558. Introduced.

Salvia foveolata Urb. & Ekin. Shrub; cloud forest/moist pine forest
(uncemmon), 2200-2300 m; between Morne La Visite and Pic
Cabaio. Judd 4555. Endemic to Massif de La Selle (Morne La
Visite-Pic Cabaio region).

Salvia selleana Urb. Shrub; pine forest, on thin soil over limestone (locally
common), 2050-2100 m; Galette Seche; Ekman collected this species
at ca 2250 m in vicinity of Pic Cabaio. Judd 4861. Endemic to Massif
de La Selle.

Salvia bahomcana Urb. & Ekm. Shrub; cloud forest (occasional), ca 2200-
2300 m; vicinity of Pic Cabaio. Judd 4558. Endemic to Massif de La
Selle.

Satureja viminea (L.) Urb. Shrub; cloud forest, moist pine forest (common),
1800-2300 m; Morne Nacel to Pic Cabaio. Judd 4321, 4521.

Smchys arvensis L. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest, often along streams
(occasional), 1800-1935 m; Rivitre Blanche, ravine east of Park
Center. Judd 4330,4834. Introduced.

Order Dipsacales
Family Adoxaceae (1/1)

Sambucus canadensis L. Shrub or small tree; pine forest to cloud forest,
especially along streams (common), 1650-2050 m; Rividre Blanche,
ravine east of Park Center, other ravines in pinelands, f scattered in
pinelands (where planted near inhabited areas?). Judd 4291.
Introduced.

Family Valerianaceae (1/1)

Valeriana scandens Loefl. Vine; cloud forest, moist pine forest (common),
1600-2150 m; ravine east of Berac area, Rivitre Blanche, Morne La
Visite. Judd 4533b. 4943.



JUDD: FLORISTIC SrUDY HAITIAN'NATIONAL PARKS 101

Superorder Solaniflorae
Order Solanales

Family Boraginaceae (3/7)

Cordia dependens Urb. & Ekm. Shrub; cloud forest, moist pine forest
(occasional/common), 1800-2200 m; Morne d'Enfer to Belle
Fontaine/Roche Cabrit, Rividre Blanche, other ravines in pinelands,
probably also at Tete Opaque. Judd 4655,4844, Thompson 3748-10,
Zanoni & Meiia. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Cordia lima (Desv.) R. & Sch. Shrub; cloud forest, disturbed open area
(uncommon), ca 1850 m; Morne d'Enfer. Judd 4709.

Cordia picardae Urb. Shrub; cloud forest, moist pine forest (common),
Morne d'Enfer to Belle Fontaine/Roche Cabrit, Rivitre Blanche,
ravine east of Park Center, probably also at Tete Opaque. Judd
4509. Endemic to Mas5if de La Selle.

Cynoglossum amabile Stapf & Drummond. Terrestrial herb; pine forest,
cloud forest, especially open disturbed areas (abundant), 1700-2300
m; f throughout park. Various color forms present: blue, violet/pink,
and white flowered. Baird LV-33, Judd 4371. Introduced.

Tourn*Mia glabra L. Shrub; cloud forest (uncommon), 1600- 1650 m; ravine
east of Berac area. Judd 4950.

Toumefortia hirsutissima L Scrambling shrub; cloud forest (occasional),
1660-2200 m; Morne d'Enfer to ridge between M. La Visite and Pic
Cabaio, Roche Plate, ravine east of Park Center. Judd 4510, 4768,
Thompson 3753-11.

Toumefoma seneana Urb. & Ekm. Shrub; cloud forest, ca 1900 m; Morne
Nacel region. Zanoni & Meiia 24518. Endemic to Massif de La
Selle.

Family Solanaceae (4/10)

Cestmm brev(foliun: Urb. Shrub; cloud forest/moist pine forest (uncommon),
ca 1900 m; Rivitre Blanche. Judd 4586. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Cestmm coelophlebium O. E. Schulz. Shrub; cloud forest, moist pine forest
(common), 1650-2100 m; Morne d'Enfer to M. Nacel, Roche Plate,
RiviBre Blanche, ravine east of Park Center. Judd 4428, 4678,
Thompson 3753-12. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Cestrum inclusum Urb. Shrub; cloud forest, moist pine forest (uncommon),
1850-1935 m; Morne d'Enfer, ravine east of Park Center. Judd 4671.
Endemic to Hispaniola.

Cestmm mononeumm Urb. & Ekm. Shrub; cloud forest to pine forest
(common), 1700-2300 m; Morne d'Enfer to Belle Fontaine/Roche
Cabrit, Roche Plate, Rivi6re Blanche, ravine east of Park Center,



102 BULLEI'IN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

other ravines, f scattered in pinelands, probably also at Tete Opaque.
Judd 4527. Thompson 3753-7, Zanoni & Meiia 24531. Endemic to
Hispaniola.

Cestrum violaceum Urb. Shrub; cloud forest, moist pine forest (common),
1800-2300 m; Morne d'Enfer to Pic Cabaio, Roche Plate, Rivitre
Blanche. Judd 4261, 4545, Thompson 3753-9, Zancini & Meiia
24541. Endemic to Massif de La Selle.

Datura suaveolens Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. Shrub or small tree; cloud
forest, moist pine forest (occasional), 1700-1800 m; Rividre Blanche.
Judd 4304. Introduced.

Physalis peruviana L Terrestrial herb ; moist pine forest (common), ca 1700-
1900 m; Rividre Blanche, * scattered in pinelands. Judd 4326.
Introduced.

Solanum antillarum 0. E. Schulz. Shrub ; cloud forest, open disturbed areas
(common), 1800-1950 m; Morne d'Enfer to M. Ft Noir(?). Judd
4661.

Solanum crotonoides Lam. Shrub; cloud forest, pine forest, especially
disturbed open areas (very common), 1650-2300 m; Morne d'Enfer
to Belle Fontaine/Roche Cabrit, Rivitre Blanche, ravine east of Park
Center, other ravines, f scattered in pinelands, probably also at Tete
Opaque. Judd 4421.4831.

Solanum umbellatum Mill. Shrub; cloud forest, especially disturbed open
areas (occasional/common), 1700-1900 m; Morne Nacel, Rividre
Blanche. Judd 4396,4805.

Order Campanulates
Family Campanulaceae (2/3)

Lobelia assurgens L. var. sanm-clarae McVaugh. Shrub; cloud forest (very
common), 1600-2300 m; Morne d'Enfer to Pic Cabaio, ravine east of
Berac area, Rivitre Blanche, ravine east of Park Center, other
ravines. Judd 4389. Lobelia robusm Graham, a very closely related
taxon, probably also present.

Lobelia rotundifolia Juss. Scrambling shrub; cloud forest (occasional), 1800-
2300 m; Morne d'Enfer to M. Ft Noir, north slope of M. La Visite.
Judd 4516. 4539, 4711.

Siphocampylus caudatus McVaugh. Shrub; cloud forest (occasional), 1900-
1950 m; Morne Nacel to M. La Visite; Ekman collected near Pic
Cabaio at ca 2300 m. Endemic to Massif de La Selle. Judd 4644,
4821. (= Lobelia ekmanii Urb.)



JUDD: FLORISTIC STUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 103

Superorder Asteriflorae
Order Asterales

Family Asteraceae or Compositae (19/28)

Baccharis myrsinites (Lam.) Pers. Shrub ; pine forest (abundant), cloud forest
(occasional), 1650-2300 m; Morne d'Enfer to Pic Cabaio, Rivitre
Blanche, other ravines, f throughout pinelands. Judd 4286, 4333,
Thompson 3748-2, Zanoni 2 Meiia 24523, 24621. Endemic to
Hispaniola.

Bidens alba (L.) DC. Terrestrial herb; pine forest, open disturbed areas
(occasional), 1800-2120 m; southern slope of Morne La Visite, *
scattered in pinelands. Judd 4357. Introduced.

Chapmha albicans Urb. & Ekm. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest, open
rocky areas (occasional/common), 1750-1900 m; RiviBre Blanche, *
scattered in pinelands. Judd 4257,4329,4496.

Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq. var. pusiUa (Nutt.) Cronq. Terrestrial herb;
pine forest, open disturbed areas, fields (common), 1800-1900 m; f
scattered in pinelands. Judd 4937.

Etigeron dissecttis Urb. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest, moist rocky cliffs
(common), 1700-1900 m; RiviBre Blanche. Judd 4469. Endemic to
Hispaniola.

Erigeron karvinskianus DC. Terrestrial herb ; pine forest (abundant), cloud
forest, disturbed open areas (occasional), 1700-2300 m; Morne
d'Enfer, M. La Visite to Pic Cabaio, + throughout pinelands. Judd
4360. Introduced.

Eupatonum cabaionum Urb. & Ekm. Shrub; pine forest, especially rocky
areas, cloud forest (common), 1660-2300 m; Morne d'Enfer to Pic
Cabaio, "The Depression," * scattered in pinelands. Judd 4487,4643,
4759. Endemic to Massif de La Selle.

Eupatorium illitum Urb. Shrubi pine forest (very common), cloud forest,
disturbed open areas (occasional), 1700-2300 m; Morne d'Enfer to
Pic Cabaio, RiviBre Blanche, other ravines, f throughout pinelands.
Judd 4299, 4553, 4713, 4722, Zanoni & Meiia 24524, 24617.
Endemic to Hispaniola.

Eupaton'um pubemlum DC. Shrub; cloud forest, ca 1900 m; Morne Nacel
region. Zanoni & Meiia 24526.

Eupatorium sp. nov.? Shrub; cloud forest, disturbed open areas (occasional),
1700-1900 m; Morne FB Noir. Judd 4777. Endemic to Massif de La
Selle.

Gnaphalium domingense Lam. Terrestrial herb; pine forest (occasional),
1800-2000 m; + scattered in pinelands. Judd 4836.



104 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

Gnaphalium eggersii Urb. Terrestrial herb; pine forest (occasional), 1800-
1900 m; Rivitre Blanche, * scattered in pinelands. Judd 4320.
Endemic to Hispaniola.

Gnaphalium seUeanum Urb. & Ekm. Terrestrial herb; cloud forest, disturbed
open areas (common), ca 2300 m; Pic Cabaio; Ekman collected
species on Morne La Visite, ca 1800-1900 m. Judd 4550. Endemic
to Massif de La Selle.

Hieracium gronovii L. Terrestrial herb; pine forest (common), 1800-2050 m; f
throughout pinelands. Judd 4364.

Lactuca sativa L. Terrestrial herb; disturbed open areas, ca 1900 m; Morne
Nacel region. Zanoni & Meiia 24522. Introduced.

Lampsana communis L. Terrestrial herb; pine forest, cloud forest, disturbed
open areas (common), 1600-2050 m; Morne Nacel to Morne La
Visite, * throughout pinelands. Judd 4361,4951, Zanoni & Meiia
24539. Introduced.

Leontodon taraxacoides (Vill.) Merat. Terrestrial herb ; pine forest (very
common), 1800-2050 m; f throughout pinelands. Judd 4370, 4878.
Introduced.

Leucanthemum vulgare Lam. Terrestrial herb; pine forest, open disturbed
areas, pasture (locally common), 2100-2200 m; Pic Cabaio to Belle
Fontaine/Roche Cabrit, and adjacent pinelands. Judd 4855.
Introduced.

Mikania tripartita Urb. Vine; cloud forest, moist pine forest (common), 1750-
2120 m; Morne d'Enfer to M. La Visite, "The Depression." Judd
4479. Zanoni & Meiia 24551. Endemic to Massif de La Selle.

Piquen'a trinerva Cav. Terrestrial herb; cloud forest/moist pine forest
(occasional), 1790-2300 m; Rivitre Blanche, vicinity of Pic Cabaio.
Judd 4543. Zanoni & Meiia 24627.

Senecio buchii Urb. Shrub; cloud forest, moist pine forest (occasional/very
common), 1700-2300 m; Morne d'Enfer, M. La Visite to Belle
Fontaine/Roche Cabrit, Rividre Blanche, ravine east of Park Center,
probably also at Tete Opaque. Judd 4263. 4305, 4548, 4715,
Thompson 3748-8. Endemic to Massif de La Selle.

Senecio picardae Krug & Urb. Shrub; pine forest, cloud forest, open areas
(common), 1800-2300 m; vicinity of Pic Cabaio to Morne Nacel,
RiviBre Blanche, ravine east of Park Center. Judd 4322, 4542.
Zanoni & Meiia 24504. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Siegesbeckia orientalis L. Terrestrial herb ; disturbed cloud forest, ca 1900 m;
Morne Nacel region. Zanoni &.Meiia 24514.

Sonchus asper 0.4 Hill . Terrestrial herb ; cloud forest, disturbed open areas
(common), 1600-1650 m; ravine east of Berac area. Judd 4952.
Intr6duced.



JUDD: FLORISTIC STUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 105

Taraxacum officinale Weber. Terrestrial herb ; pine forest, open disturbed
areas, fields (common), 1800-2050 m; * scattered in pinelands. Judd
4960. Introduced.

Tragopogon pratensis L. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest/cloud forest,
disturbed open areas, fields (occasional), 1750-1800 m; near Rivi6re
Blanche. Judd 4416. Introduced.

Femonia? sp. 1. Scrambling shrub; moist pine forest (common), ca 2180 m;
ridge between Morne La Visite and Pic Cabaio. Judd 4511.

Wedelia smata L. C. Rich. Terrestrial herb; cloud forest, disturbed open
areas (uncommon), 1850-1880 m; Morne d'Enfer. Judd 4679.

Superorder Liliiflorae
Order Liliales

Family Agavaceae (1/1)

Agave antillarum Desc. Succulent herb ; pine forest, cloud forest, open rocky
areas (very common), 1750-2300 m; Morne La Visite to Pic Cabaio,
RiviBre Blanche, other ravines, f throughout pinelands, especially
rocky areas. Judd 4384. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Family Smilacaceae (1/1)

Smilax havanensis Jacq. Vine; moist pine forest (occasional), 1750- 1800 m;
"The Depression." Judd 4475.

Family Dioscoreaceae (1/1)

Rajania ovam Sw. Vine; cloud forest (occasional), 1700-1900 m; Morne F6
Noir, Rivitre Blanche. Judd 4782.4803.

Family Orchidaceae
[Family treatment by D. Dod and W. Judd (1986); they collected 11 species

in the park, and reported that some 40 species are known from the
region; additional study of the orchid flora of the park clearly is
needed.]

Superorder Areciflorae
Order Arecales

Family Arecaceae or Palmae (1/1)

Prestoea montana (R. Grah.) Nichols. Tree; cloud forest (rare), 1600- 1650 m;
ravine east of Berac area; Ekman collected species on Morne Cabaio.
Judd 4954. (= Eute,pe globosa Gaertn.)



106 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

Superorder Commeliniftorae
Order Bromeliales

Family Bromeliaceae (2/7)

Tillandsia caribaea L. B. Smith. Epiphytic herb; cloud forest
(occasional/common), 1600-2250 m; Morne d'Enfer to Morne La
Visite (northern slope), RiviBre Blanche. Judd 4309,4688. Zanoni &
Meiia 24579.

Tillandsia hotteana Urb. Epiphytic herb ; moist pine forest, cloud forest
(occasional), 1650-2050 m; Morne Nacel to Morne La Visite, RiviBre
Blanche, "The Depression." Judd 4456, 4495, Zanoni & Meiia
24497. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Tillandsia lescamei C Wr. Epiphytic herb ; cloud forest, ca 1900 m; Morne
Nacel region. Zanoni & Meiia 24581.

Tillandsia selleana Harms. Epiphytic herb ; cloud forest, ca 1900 m; Morne
Nacel region. Zanoni & Meiia 24578.

Tillandsia usneoides L Epiphytic herb ; moist pine forest (uncommon), ca
1900 m; Riviae Blanche. Judd 4829.

1/n'esea incurva (Griseb.) Read. Epiphytic herb; moist pine forest
(uncommon), 1750-1800 m; "The Depression." Judd 4462. Det. T.
Zanoni.

Vriesea sintenisii (Bak.) L. B. Smith. Epiphytic herb; cloud forest, moist pine
forest (occasional/abundant), 1600-2250 m; Morne d'Enfer to slightly
east of Morne La Visite, Rivitre Blanche. Judd 4308,4424,4524.

Order Commelinales
Family Cyperaceae (3/3)

Carex ekmanii Kuk. Terrestrial herb ; pine forest (very common), 1800-2150
m; Morne La Visite, f throughout pinelands. Judd 4379. Endemic to
Hispaniola.

Cypents picardae Boeckl . Terrestrial herb; pine forest (abundant), 1750-2200
m; Morne La Visite, Rivitre Blanche, * throughout pinelands. Judd
4405. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Uncinia hamam (Sw.) Urb. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest (common),
1800-2150 m; Morne La Visite. Judd 4534.

Family Poaceae or Gramineae (11/14)

[Collections identified by Dr. David W. Hall, except where otherwise
indicated]



JUDD: FLORISTIC STUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 107

Andropogon glomeratus (Walt.) BSP. var. pumilis Vasey. Terrestrial herb;
pine forest (common), 1750-2150 m; Morne La Visite, f throughout
pinelands. Judd 4343.

Andropogon urbanianus Hitchc. Terrestrial herb; pine forest, open cloud
forest (very common/abundant), 1750-2300 m; Morne La Visite to
Pic Cabaio, * throughout pinelands. Judd 4375, 4544. Endemic to
Hispaniola.

Amtroso,lidium haitiense (Pilger) Hitchc. & Chase. Climbing bamboo; cloud
forest, moist pine forest (common/abundant), 1600-2150 m; between
Morne d'Enfer and M. FB Noir, to M. La Visite, ravine east of Park
Center. Judd 4755. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Arthrostylidium multispicatum Pilger. Climbing bamboo; cloud forest
(abundant), 1650-1750 m; Riviate Blanche. Judd 4394.

Bromus unioloides (Willd.) HBK Terrestrial herb ; pine forest (common),
1800-2050 m; * throughout pinelands. Judd 4380. Introduced.

Chusquea abietfolia Griseb. Climbing bamboo; pine forest to cloud forest
(occasional/abundant), 1650-2100 m; between Morne d'Enfer and M.
Ft Noir, to M. La Visite, RiviBre Blanche, other ravines, f scattered
in pinelands. Judd 4346, 4391, 4769, 4789, 4863. One collection
identified by Dr. T. Soderstrom; species shows great variation in leaf
width.

Danthonia domingensis Hack. & Pilger. Terrestrial herb ; pine forest (locally
abundant), 1700-2150 m; "The Depression," pinelands between
Galette Seche and Pic Cabaio; Ekman collected this species on
Morne La Visite. Judd 4474. Endemic to Hispaniola.

Isachne nkid(folia (Poir.) Urb. Terrestrial herb; pine forest, open areas in
cloud forest (common/abundant), 1750-2300 m; Morne La Visite to
Pic Cabaio, Rivitre Blanche, other ravines, f throughout pinelands.
Judd 4368. Det. W. S. Judd.

Lolitim perenne L. Terrestrial herb; pine forest, cloud forest, open disturbed
areas, fields (common),1800-2250 m; f throughout plateau. Judd
4549,4962. Introduced.

Melinis minut(#ora Beauv. terrestrial herb; pine forest, cloud forest, especially
disturbed open areas (common), 1750-1950 m; Rivitre Blanche, f
scattered in pinelands. Judd 4406.4963. Introduced.

Panicum xalapense HBK. Terrestrial herb; pine forest (common/abundant),
1750-2150 m; Morne La Visite, + throughout pinelands. Judd 4365,
4883.

Poa annua L. Terrestrial herb; moist pine forest, especially rocky areas along
streams (common), 1800-2000 m; Rivitre Blanche, other ravines.
Judd 4297. Introduced.



108 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

Poa compressa L. Terrestrial herb ; pine forest, especially open disturbed
areas (common), 1800.1900 m; f scattered in pinelands. Judd 4884.
Introduced.

Zeugites americana Willd. Terrestrial herb ; moist pine forest (occasional),
1790-2150 m; northern slope of Morne La Visite, Rivitre Blanche.
Judd 4302. Zanoni & Meiia 24618.

Mosses and Liverworts Collected in Parc National
Pic Macaya, Massif de La Hotte, Haiti.

Division Bryophyta

[All collections identified by Dana Griffin, III, unless otherwise indicated]

Family Amblystegiaceae

Campylium chlysophyllum (Brid.) J. Lange. Moist forest on limestone, moist
pine forest/cloud forest; Bois Formon, Morne Formon. Judd 3692,
3813.3844a.

Family Bartramiaceae

Leiomela bartramioides (Hook.) Par. Moist pine forest/cloud forest; Morne
Formon. Skean 1485.

Philonotis uncinam (Schwaegr.) Brid. Moist pine forest/ cloud forest; Morne
Formon. Judd 3747.

Family Brachytheciaceae

Brachythecium stereopoma (Spruce ex Mitt.) Jaeg. Moist forest on limestone;
B6is Formon. Skean 1285a.

Homalothecium leskeoides (Hedw.) Robins. Moist pine forest/ cloud forest;
Morne Formon. Judd 3825, Skean 1546.

Lepyrodontopsis trichophylla (Hedw.) Broth. Moist forest on limestone, moist
pine forest/cloud forest; Bois Formon, Morne Formon (?), Pic
Macaya. Judd 3611c, Skean 1481.

Family Bryaceae

Anomob,yum jilifonne (Dicks.) Husn. Moist pine forest/cloud forest; Morne
Formon. Judd 3777,3783.



JUDD: FLORISTIC STUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 109

Biyum a,genteum Hedw. Moist pine forest/cloud forest; Morne Formon.
Judd 3844b.

B,yum cmegeri Hampe ex C Mull. Moist forest on limestone, moist pine
forest/cloud forest; Bois Formon, southern slopes of Morne Formon,
Morne Cavalier. Judd 3994. 4058b.

Biyum cf. pseudotnquetnim (Hedw.) Gaertn. Meyer & Scherb. Moist forest
on limestone; lower southern slopes of Morne Formon. Judd 3689.
Det. William C. Steere.

Family Calymperaceae

Syrrhopodon incompletus Schwaegr. Moist forest on limestone; Bois Formon.
Skean 1219 p. p.

Family Daltoniaceae

Callicosta affinis (Hook.) C. Mull . Moist forest on limestone; Bois Formon.
Judd 3569c. 3575, 361lb.

Callicosta cristatum (Mitt.) Crosby. Moist forest on limestone; Bois Formon.
Judd 3601.

CaUicosm fendleri (C. Mull.) Crosby. Moist forest on limestone; Bois
Formon. Judd 36118.

Lepidopilum amplirete (Sull.) M.H. Moist forest on limestone; Bois Formon.
Skean 1218. Det. William C. Steere.

Lepidopilum antillarum Mitt. Moist forest on limestone; Bois Formon.
Skean 1215. Det. William C. Steere.

Lepidopilum muellen' (Hampe) Spruce. Moist forest on limestone; Bois
Formon. Judd 3595.

Lepidopilum tomfolium Mitt. Moist forest on limestone; Bois Formon. Judd
3562,3582.

Family Dicranaceae (including Leucobryaceae)

Atractylocatpus longisems (Hook.) Bartr. Moist pine forest/cloud forest; Pic
Macaya. Judd 4191.

B,yohumbertia filifolia (Hornsch.) J.-P. Frahm. Moist pine forest/ cloud
forest; Morne Formon. Judd 3872a, 3874a.

Campylopus capitulatus Bartr. Moist pine forest/cloud forest; Morne
Formon. Judd 3874b.

Campylopus d. cubensis Sull . Moist pine forest/cloud forest; Morne Formon.
Pic Macaya. Judd 3778, 4196. Det. William C. Steere.

Campylopus fragilis (Brid.) B.S.G. Moist pine forest/cloud forest; Morne
Formon. Judd 3872b. Det. William C. Steere.



110 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

Campylopus underwoodii R. S. Williams. Moist pine forest/ cloud forest;
Morne Formon, Pic Macaya. Judd 4101, 4201. Det. William C.
Steere.

Campylopus (sterile) sp. Moist pine forest/cloud forest; Morne Formon. 1
Judd 4099. Det. William C. Steere.

Dicranella perrottetii (Mont.) Mitt. Moist pine forest/ cloud forest ; Morne
Formon. Judd 3882.

Holomitrium calycinum (Hedw.) Mitt. Moist pine foresUcloud forest; Morne
Formon, Pic Macaya. Judd 3827a, 4072. 4183.

Leucobiyum albicans (Schwaegr.) Mitt. Moist pine forest; Morne Formon.
Skean 1519.

Leucobiyum albidum (Brid.) Lindb. Moist pine forest; Pic Macaya. Judd
4170.

Leticobiyum antiUamm Schimp. ex Besch. Moist forest on limestone, moist
pine forest/cloud forest; Bois Formon, Morne Formon. Judd 3554,
3596,3609,3752.

Leucoloma serrulatum Brid . Moist forest on limestone, moist pine
forestkloud forest; Bois Formon, Morne Formon. Judd 3605, 387lb.

Family Ditrichaceae

Ditrichum rufescens (Hampe) Broth. Moist pine forest/cloud forest; Morne
Formon. Judd 3875.

Family Entodontaceae

Entodon macropodus (Hedw.) C. Mull . Moist pine forest/cloud forest ; Morne
Formon. Judd 3823a. Skean 138Od.

Family Fissidentaceae

Fissidensasplenioi(les Hedw. Moist forest on limestone; Bois Formon. Skean
1219 p.p.

Fissidens cnktatus Wils. ex Mitt. Moist pine forest/cloud forest; Pic Macaya.
Judd 4171. 4210. Skean 1410a. 1411, 1419.

Fissidens po6podioides Hedw. Moist pine forest/cloud forest; Morne
Formon. Judd 3704, 3719, 3779, 3907.

Fissidens semiliretis Sull . Moist forest on limestone; Bois Formon. Judd
3573b, 3615.



JUDD: FLORISTIC STUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 111

Family Funariaceae

Funada hygromettica Hedw. var. calvescens (Schwaegr.) Mont. Moist pine
forest/cloud forest; Morne Formon. Judd 3745b, 3900.

Family Hookeriaceae

Adelothecium bogotense (Hampe) Mitt. Moist pine forest/ cloud forest;
Morne Formon. Judd 3826.

C*lodic(yon varians (Sull.) Broth. Moist pine forest/ cloud forest; Morne
Formon. Judd 3910.

Hemiragis aurea (Brid.) Kindb. Moist forest on limestone; Bois Formon.
Judd 3557, Skean 1217, 1255.

Hookeria acutifolia Hook. Moist pine forest/cloud forest; Morne Formon.
Judd 3897.

Hookeriopsis luteo-mfescens Besch. Moist forest on limestone; Bois Formon.
Judd 3608b.

Hookeriopsis sp. Moist pine forest/cloud forest; Morne Formon. Skean
1492b.

Family Hypnaceae

Ctenidium malacodes Mitt. Moist pine forest/cloud forest; Morne Formon.
Skean 1380e, 1491.

Ectropothecium Ieptochaeton ( Schwaegr.) Buck. Moist forest on limestone ;
Bois Formon. Judd 3920.

Hypnum pobptemm (Mitt.) Broth. Moist pine forest/cloud forest; Morne
Fofmon, Pic Macaya. Judd 3800, 3842, 4071. Skean 1380c.

Mittenothamnium reptans (Hedw.) Card. Moist pine forest/ cloud forest ;
Morne Formon, Pic Macaya. Judd 3749,3822,4223.

Family Hypopterygiaceae

Hypopteiygium tamariscinum (Hedw.) Brid. Moist pine forest/ cloud forest;
Morne Formon, Pic Macaya. Judd 3909. 4173, 4211.

Family Lembophyllaceae

PoroMchodendron superbum (Tayl.) Broth. Moist pine forest/cloud forest;
Morne Formon. Judd 3823b.



112 BULLETIN FLORIDA SrATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

Family Meteoriaceae

Aerob,yopsis mexicana Card. Moist forest on limestone; Bois Formon. Judd
3578. Det. William C. Steere.

BarbeUa cubensis (Mitt.) Broth. Moist forest on limestone; Bois Formon.
Skean 1317. 1318.

Meteoddium remonfolium (C. Mull.) Manuel. Moist forest on limestone; Bois
Formon. Judd 3551. 3698.

Meteodum illecebmm (C. Mull.) Mitt. Moist forest on limestone, moist pine
forest/cloud forest; Bois Formon, Morne Formon. Judd 3678.4074.

Papillaria imponderosa (Tayl.) Broth. Moist forest on limestone, moist pine
forest/cloud forest; Bois Formon, Morne Formon. Judd 3843a. 3924,
Skean 1480.

Papillana peniciUata (Dozy & Molkenb.) Broth. Moist pine forest/cloud
forest; Morne Formon. Judd 3745c.

Pilotrichella flexilis (Hedw.) Jaeg. Moist pine forest; cloud forest; Mofne
Formon, Pic Macaya. Judd 3775, 3782, 3898. 4070, 4169, Skean
1454.

Pilotn'chella hemsticha (Schwaegr.) Jaeg. Moist forest on limestone, moist
pine forest/cloud forest; Bois Formon, Morne Formon. Judd 3564,
3812.

Pilotdchella pentasticha (Brid.) Wijk. & Marg. Moist forest on limestone;
Bois Formon. Judd 368Oa, Skean 1285b.

Squamidium nign'cans (Hook.) Broth. Moist forest on limestone, moist pine
forest; Bois Formon, Morne Formon. Judd 3799,3923.

Family Mniaceae

Plagiomnium rhynchophomm (Hook.) T. Kop. Moist pine forest/cloud forest;
Morne Formon. Judd 3912a, 4098, Ib Cordier s.n.

Family Neckeraceae

Porotrichum fasciculamm (Hedw.) Mitt. Moist pine forest/ cloud forest;
Morne Formon. Judd 3911, Skean 1482.

Porottichum insulamm Mitt. Moist pine forest/cloud forest; Morne Formon.
Skean 1488.

Family Orthotrichaceae

GroutieUa mucron(folia (Hook. & Grev.) Crum & Steere. Moist forest on
limestone, moist pine forest; Bois Formon, Morne Formon. Judd
3679.3798.



JUDD: FLORISnC SIUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 113

Macrocoma tenue (Hook. & Grev.) Vitt subsp. sullivantii (C. Mull .) Vitt.
Moist forest on limestone, Bois Fofmon. Judd 3690.

Macromitrium cirrosum (Hedw.) Brid. Moist forest on limestone, moist pine
forest/cloud forest; Bois Formon, Morne Formon. Judd 3565.3576,
3588.3589.3590.3722.3780.

Macromitritim homalacron C. Mull. Moist pine forest/cloud forest; Morne
Formon. Judd 4100.

Macromimum longifolium (Hook.) Brid. Moist pine forest/ cloud forest; Pic
Macaya. Judd 4208. Skean 1418.

Macromittium scopadum Mitt. Moist pine forest/cloud forest; Morne
Formon. Judd 3874c.

Macromitrium stratosum Mitt. Moist pine forest/cloud forest; Morne
Formon. Judd 3821. 3876 4073.

Schlotheimia jamesonit (Arn.) Brid . Moist forest on limestone ; Bois Formon.
Judd 3571.

Schlotheimia tecta Hook.i & Wils. Moist pine forest/cloud forest ; Morne
Formon. Judd 3827b. 3904, Skean 1420.

Family Phyllogoniaceae

Phyllogonium fulgens (Hedw.) Brid . Moist forest on limestone, moist pine
forest/cloud forest; Bois Formon, Morne Formon. Judd 3569,3604,
3685.3902,4069, Skean 1383. 1545.

Family Polytrichaceae

Pogonamm robustum Mitt. Moist pine forest/cloud forest; Pic Macaya;
described by Th6riot (1944) as P. ebnanii, from Pic Formon. Judd
4192, 4203. Skean 1465.

Pogonatum tortile P.-Beauv. Moist forest on limestone, moist pine
forest/cloud forest; Bois Formon, Morne Formon. Judd 3774,3925.

Potytrichum juniperinum Hedw. Moist forest on limestone, moist pine forest;
Bois Formon, Morne Formon. Judd 3695,3708,3787, 3843b. Skean
1547.

Family Pottiaceae

Anoectangium aestivum (Hedw.) Mitt. Moist forest on limestone; Bois
Formon. Judd 3921.

Barbula arcuata Griff. Moist pine forest; Morne Formon. Judd 384lb.
Barbula hispaniolensis Buck & Steere. Moist pine forest; Morne Formon.

Judd 384la.
Barbula sp. Moist pine forest; Morne Formon. Judd 3745a.



114 BULLETIN FLORIDA SrATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

Hymenostylium recurvirostmm (Hedw.) Dix. Moist pine forest/cloud forest;
Morne Formon. Judd 3811.

Leptodontium viticulosoides (P.-Beauv.) Wijk. & Marg. Moist pine
forest/cloud forest. Judd 4094, 4175.

Pseudosymblepharis schimperianus (Par.) Crum. Moist forest on limestone,
moist pine forest/cloud forest; Bois Formon, Pic Macaya. Judd
3573a. Skean 1456. Det. William C. Steere (3573).

Tn'chostomum sublamprothecium Par. Moist pine forest/cloud forest; Pic
Macaya. Skean 1455.

Weissia jamaicensis (Mitt.) Grout. Moist forest on limestone, pine forest;
Bois Formon, Morne Formon. Judd 3797.3848,3922.

Family Prionodontaceae

Prionodon densus (Hedw.) C. Mull . Moist forest on limestone ; Bois Formon.
Judd 3686.

Family Pterobryaceae

Pireella jilicina (Hedw.) Card . Moist forest on limesotne; Bois Formon. Judd
3572,3584,3598,3603.

Pterobryon densum (Schwaegr.) Hornsch. Moist forest on limestone; Bois
Formon. Judd 3696.

Family Racopilaceae

Racopilum tomentosum (Hedw.) Brid . Moist forest on limestone ; Bois
Formon. Judd 3555a.

Family Rhizogoniaceae

Hymenodon aeruginosus (Hook.f. & Wils.) C. Mull . Moist pine forest/cloud
forest; Morne Formon. Judd 387la.

Pyrrhobryum spiniforme (Hedw.) Mitt. Moist forest on limestone, moist pine
forest/cloud forest; Bois Formon, Morne Formon. Judd 35613,3583,
3700. 3751. Skean 1520.

Family Sematophyllaceae

Acroporium caespitosum (Hedw.) Buck. Moist forest on limestone ; Bois
Formon. Judd 3608a, 3691.

Sematophynum insulamm (Sull.) Mitt. Moist pine forest/ cloud forest; Morne
Formon. Judd 3707.



JUDD: FLORISI'IC.STUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 115

Sematophyllum lindigii (Hampe) Mitt. Moist pine forest/ cloud forest; Pic
Macaya. Judd 4182.

Family Sphagnaceae

Sphagnum mageUanicum Brid. Moist pine forest/cloud forest; Morne
Formon. Judd 4096.

Sphagnum meridense (Hampe) C. Mull . Moist pine forest/cloud forest ;
Morne Formon, Pic Macaya. Judd 3720, 3869.4095,4184, 4199, §:11

Sphagnum subsecundum Nees. Moist pine forest/cloud forest; Pic Macaya.
Judd 4195.

Sphagnum sp. Moist pine forest; Pic Macaya. Skean 1409.

Family Thuidiaceae

Thuidium urceolatum Lor. Moist forest on limestone, moist pine forest/cloud
forest; Bois Formon, Morne Formon, Pic Macaya. Judd 3566,3594,
3597, 3614b, 3677, 3749b, 3786,3905, Skean 1380a.

Division Hepatophyta

Family Cephaloziaceae

Nowellia evansii Grolle. Moist pine forest/cloud forest; Morne Formon.
Judd 4094b. Det. Jiri Vana.

Family Dilaenaceae

Pallavicinia lyellii (Hook.) S. Gray. Moist pine forest/cloud forest; Morne
Formon. Judd 3903.

Symphyogyna brogniartii Mont. Moist pine forest/cloud forest; Morne
Formon, Pic Macaya. Judd 3870. Skean 1421.

Family Frullaniaceae

Frullania atrosanguinea Taylor ex Spruce. Moist pine forest/cloud forest;
Morne Formon. Skean 138Ob.

Frullania ericoides Nees. Moist forest on limestone; Bois Formon. Judd
3960.

Frullania sp. Moist pine forest; Pic Macaya. Judd 4206.



116 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

Family Jungermanniaceae

Jamesoniella rubricaulis Nees. Moist forest on limestone; Bois Formon. Judd
3684.

Family Lejeuneaceae

Bgopterts,#uticolosa Taylor. Moist forest on limestone; Bois Formon. Judd
3569a, 3593. 3613, 3614a, Skean 1254.

Ceratolejeunea brevinervis (Spruce) Evans. Moist forest on limestone; Bois
Formon. Judd 3602.

Cheilolejeunea inflexa (Hampe ex Lehm.) Grolle. Moist forest on limestone ;
Bois Formon. Judd 3612b. Det. R. Grolle.

Drepanolejeunea anoplantha (Spruce) Steph. Moist forest on limestone; Bois
Formon. Judd 3612a. Det. R. Grolle.

Hygrolejeunea reflexistipula (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Schiffn. Moist pine
forest/cloud forest; Morne Formon. Judd 3825b. Det. R. Grolle.

Macrolejeunea sessiliflora Steph. Moist forest on limestone, moist pine
forest/cloud forest; Bois Formon, Morne Formon. Judd 3825a,
Skean 1220.

Marchesinia brachiata Schfin. Moist ·forest on limestone; Bois Formon. Judd
3675,3695b. Det. R. Grolle.

Neurolejeunea breutelii (Gott.) Evans. Moist forest on limestone; Bois
Formon. Judd 3567.

Odontolejeunea sieberiana (Gott.) Schiffn. Moist forest on limestone; Bois
Formon. Judd 459lb. Det. R. Grolle.

Lejeuneaceae indet. Moist forest on limestone; Bois Formon. Judd 3555b.

Family Lepidoziaceae

Bazzania ci tonga (Nees) Trev. Moist pine forest/cloud forest; Pic Macaya.
Judd 4174.

Bazzania jamaicensis G.ehm. & Lindb.) Trev. Moist pine forest/cloud forest;
Pic Macaya. Judd 4176, 4198, Skean 1413. Det. W. S. Judd.

Lepidozia cupressina (Sw.) Lindenb. Moist pine forest/cloud forest; Morne
Formon, Pic Macaya. Judd 3825. 4181.

Lepidozia munchiana Steph. Moist pine forest/cloud forest; Pic Macaya.
Judd 4179.

Lepidozia patens Lindenb. Moist pine forest/cloud forest; Morne Formon.
Judd 3723. 3837c, 3879.

Micropterygium trachyphyllum Nees. Moist forest on limestone; Bois Formon.
Judd 3560.



JUDD: FLORISTIC STUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 117

Family Lophocoleaceae

Heteroscyphus combinams (Nees) Schiffn. Moist pine forest/cloud forest;
Morne Formon. Judd 3824.

Leptoscyphys amphibolius (Nees) Grolle. Moist pine forest/cloud forest; Pic
Macaya. Judd 4205. Det. Jiri Vana.

Lophocolea coadunata (Sw.) Nees. Moist pine forest/cloud forest; Pic
Macaya. Judd 4186.

Lophocolea muricata (Lehm.) Nees. Moist pine forest/cloud forest ; Pic
Macaya. Judd 4185.

Lophocolea trapezoidea Mont. Moist pine forest/cloud forest; Morne
Formon, Pic Macaya. Judd 4094a. 4177. Det. Jiri Vana.

Family Marchantiaceae

Dumortiera hirsuta (Sw.) Nees. Moist forest on limestone, moist pine
forest/cloud forest; Bois Formon, Morne Formon. Judd 3908, Skean
1214. 1385, 1483. Det. David A. Breil (3908).

Marchantia paleacea Bert. Moist pine forest/cloud forest ; Morne Formon.
Skean 1384. Det. David A. Breil.

Marchantia polymorpha L. Moist forest on limestone, moist pine forest/cloud
forest; Bois Formon, lower southern slopes of Morne Formon, M.
Cavalier. Judd 3697.4059.

Family Metzgeriaceae

Metzgeria sp. Moist pine forest/cloud forest; Morne Formon. Judd 3901.

Family Monocleaceae

Monoclea gottschei Lindb. Moist forest on limestone, moist pine forest/cloud
forest; Bois Formon, Morne Formon. Judd 3558, 3908b. Det. David
A. Breil (3558).

Family Plagiochilaceae

Plagiochila acantho(la Lindb. & Gott. Cloud forest/moist pine forest; Morne
Formon, Pic Macaya. Skean 1490. Det. H. Inoue.

PlagiochHa adiantoides (Sw.) Dum. Cloud forest/moist pine forest; Morne
Formon, "saddle" between M. Formon and Pic Macaya. Skean 1415,
1480, 1484. Det. H. Inoue.

Plagiochila angusticedens Steph. Cloud forest/moist pine forest; Morne
Formon, Pic Macaya. Judd 3721. 4193. Det. H. Inoue.



118 BULLETIN FLORIDA SrATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

Plagiochila angustispina Steph. Cloud forest/moist pine forest; Pic Macaya.
Judd 4188. 4189. Det. H. Inoue.

Plagiochila barbadensis Steph. Moist pine forest/cloud forest; Morne
Formon. Judd 3776. Det. H. Inoue.

Plagiochila bidens Gott. Moist forest on limestone, cloud forest/moist pine
forest; Bois Formon, Morne Formon, Pic Macaya. Judd 3585. Skean
1417, 1429a. Det. H. Inoue.

Plagiochila bifaria (Sw.) Dum. Moist forest on limestone, di6turbed cloud
forest. Bois Formon, southern slope of Morne Formon. Judd 3687,
3699.3701b. Det. H. Inoue.

Plagiochila bursata (Desv.) Lindenb. Moist forest on limestone, moist pine
forest/cloud forest; Bois Formon, Morne Formon (?), Pic Macaya.
Skean 1223. 1416. 1423.1424.

Plagiochila crispata Gott. Moist forest on limestone, moist pine forest/cloud
forest; Bois Formon, Morne Formon. Judd 3688, Skean 1521. Det.
H. Inoue.

Plagiochila cristata (Sw.) Dum. Moist pine forest/cloud forest ; Morne
Formon. Judd 3878a.

Plagiochila jamesonii Tayl. Moist pine forest/cloud forest; Morne Formon.
Judd 3899.

Plagiochila kroneana Steph. Moist forest on limestone; Bois Formon,
southern slope of Morne Formon. Judd 3705 p.p. Det. H. Inoue.

Plagiochila macvicarii Steph. Moist pine forest/cloud forest; Morne Formon.
Judd 3906. Det. H. Inoue.

Plagiochila perrottetiana Mont. & Gott. Moist forest on limestone, cloud
forest/moist pine forest; Bois Formon, Morne Formon. Judd 3617.
Skean 148Oa. Det. H. Inoue.

Plagiochila solitaria Steph. Moist pine forest/cloud forest; Pic Macaya. Judd
4189. Det. H. Inoue.

Plagiochila superba (Nees) Dum. Moist forest on limestone, moist pine
forest/cloud forest; Bois Formon, Morne Formon, Pic Macaya. Judd
3581, 3705 p.p., 4207 p.p., Skean 1222. Det. H. Inoue.

Plagiochila tenuis Lindb. Moist pine forest/cloud forest; Pic Macaya. Judd
4207 p.p. Det. H. Inoue.

Tylimanthus approximams (Lindenb.) Spruce. Moist pine forest/cloud forest;
Pic Macaya. Judd 4197, Skean 1422. Det. R. Grolle @122).

Family Porellaceae

Porella swartziana (Web.) Trev. Moist pine forestkloud forest ; Morne
Formon. Judd 3824b.



JUDD: FLORISTIC STUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 119

Family Ptilidiaceae

Hebertus divergens (Steph.) Herz. Moist forest on limestone; Bois Formon.
Judd 3568.

Herbertus juniperoideus (Sw.) Grolle. Moist pine forest/ cloud forest ; Pic
Macayx Judd 4180. Skean 1414.

Hebertus pensilis (Tayl .) Spruce. Moist pine forest/cloud forest; Morne
Formon, Pic Macaya. Judd 3877. Skean 1412.

Trichocoka sp. Moist forest on limestone, moist pine forest/cloud forest;
Bois Formon, Morne Formon, Pic Macaya. Judd 3702,3785,4209,
Skean 1487.

Family Radulaceae

Ra(lula cubensis Yamada. Moist forest on limestone; Bois Formon. Judd
3703. Det. Kohsaku Yamada.

Radula floridana Castle. Moist forest on limestone; Bois Formon. Judd 3610.
Det. Kohsaku Yamada.

Radula inflexa Gott. ex Steph. Moist forest on limestone, moist pine
forest/cloud forest; Bois Formon, Pic Macaya. Judd 361Ob, 4200.
Det. Kohsaku Yamada.

Radula sp. nov. (to be described by K. Yamada). Moist forest on limestone;
Bois Formon. Judd 3577, 3578, 3592, Skean 1221. Det. Kohsaku
Yamada.

Radula microlobula Castle. Moist forest on limestone; Bois Formon. Skean
1216. Det. Kohsaku Yamada.

Family Riccardiaceae

Riccardia sp. Moist pine forest/cloud forest; Pic Macaya. Judd 4178.

Family Scapaniaceae

Scapania ponoricensis H. & G. Moist pine forest/cloud forest; Pic Macaya.
Skean 141Ob.



120 BULLETIN FLORIDA SrATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

Mosses and Liverworts Collected in Parc National
Morne La Visite, Massif de la Selle, Haiti.

Division Bryophyta

[All collections identified by Dana Griffin, III, except for Buck specimens,
unless otherwise indicated]

Family Amblystegiaceae

Amblystegium serpens (Hedw.) BSG. Cloud forest; Morne Nacel region.
Buck 9383.

Campylium chrysophyllum (Brid.) J. Lange. Moist pine forest, moist sinkhole
vegetation; Rivitre Blanche, Truing Marassa. Judd 4606a. 4633.

Campylium praegracile (Mitt.) Broth. Cloud forest; Morne Nacel region.
Buck 9437.9450.

Leptodictyum riparium (Hedw.) Warnst. Moist pine forest, cloud forest;
Rivitre Blanche. Judd 4594,4609.

Platyhypnidium riparioides (Hedw.) Dix. Moist pine forest, cloud forest;
Morne d'Enfer to M. FB Noir, Rivijre Blanche. Judd 4590.4772.

Family Bartramiaceae

Breutelia bn~ttoniae Ren. & Card. Cloud forest; Pic Cabaio. Judd 4556.
Breutelia tomentosa (Brid.) Jaeg. Moist pine forest/cloud forest; Morne La

Visite. Judd 4536.
Philonotis hastata (Duby.) Wijk. & Marg. Moist pine forest ; Rivitre Blanche.

Judd 4608.
Philonotis longiseta (Michx.) Britt . Moist pine forest ; Rivitre Blanche . Judd

4276,4282,4606c.
Family Brachytheciaceae

Brachythecium zanonii Buck. Cloud forest; Morne Nacel region. Buck 9440.
Homalothecium leskeoides (Hedw.) Robins. Pine forest, cloud forest, moist

sinkhole vegetation; between Morne d'Enfer and M. FB Noir, Truing
Marassa, f scattered in pinelands. Buck 9364. Judd 4387a, 4617,
4774.

Rhynchostegium scan'osum (Tayl.) Jaeg. Moist vegetation of sinkhole; Truing
Marassa. Judd 4615.



JUDD: FLORISTIC SIUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 121

Family Bryaceae

Biyum argenteum Hedw. Pine forest, open areas in cloud forest; Pic Cabaio,
Galette Seche. Judd 4557.4864.4866.

B,yum limbatum C. Mull. Moist pine forest; Rivitre Blanche. Judd 4604.
Det. William C. Steere.

B/yum (sterile) sp. Pine forest; Galette Seche. Judd 4868b.
Rhodobryum domingense (Brid .) Besch. Moist pine forest; "The Depression."

Judd 4635.

Family Calymperaceae

Syrrhopodon gaudichaudii Mont. Cloud forest; Morne d' Enfer. Judd 4737b.

Family Cryphaeaceae
Oyphaea reticulata Besch. Cloud forest; Morne Nacel region. Buck 9338,

9343.9350.
Family Daltoniaceae

Daltonia longifolia Tayl. Cloud forest; Morne Nacel region. Buck 9454.
Lepidopilum robustum Mitt. Cloud forest ; Morne Nacel region. Buck 9368 .

Family Dicranaceae (including Leucobryaceae)

Campylopus fragilis (Brid.) B.S.G. Cloud forest; Morne d'Enfer. Buck 9359,
Judd 4737a. Det. William C. Steere.

Dicranum frigidum C. Mull. Cloud forest/moist pine forest; vicinity of Pic
Cabaio. Judd 4828. -

Dicranum· sumichrasti Duby. Moist pine forest; "The Depression." Judd
4634.

Leucoblum antillamm Schimp. ex Besch. Cloud forest; Morne d'Enfer. Judd
4733.

Family Entodontaceae

Entodon hampeanus C. Mull . Cloud forest ; Morne d 'Enfer. Judd 4696.
Entodon macropodus (Hedw.) C. Mull . Cloud forest ; Morne d'Enfer to M. FB

Noir. Judd 4773. Det. William C. Steere.

Family Fissidentaceae

Fissidens adianthoides Hedw. Moist sinkhole vegetation; Truing Marassa.
Judd 4619.



122 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

Fissidens asplenioides Hedw. Moist pine forest; Morne La Visite. Judd 4581.
Fissidens bryoides Hedw. Cloud forest; Morne Nacel region. Buck 9403.
Fissidens repanda Wils. Cloud forest; Morne Nacel region. Buck 9408.

Family Funariaceae

Funaria hygrometrica Hedw. var. calvescens (Schwaegr.) Mont. Cloud forest;
Morne d'Enfer. Judd 4694.

Family Hookeriaceae

Adelothecium bogotense (Hampe) Mitt. Cloud forest; Morne Nacel region .
Buck 9356, 9456a.

Cyclodictyon albicans (Hedw.) Broth. Moist sinkhole vegetation; Truing
Marassa. Judd 4621. Det. William C Steere.

Family Hypnaceae

Chiyso-hypnum diminutivum (Hampe) Buck. Moist pine forest; Rivitre
Blanche. Judd 4602.

Herzogiella cylindricarpa (Card.) Iwats. Moist pine forest; Morne La Visite .
Judd 4579,4580.

Hypnum polypterum (Mitt .) Broth. Cloud forest ; moist pine forest ; Morne
d'Enfer to Belle Fontaine/Roche Cabrit, RiviBre Blanche. Judd
4589,4700,4806,4870.

Mittenothamnium reptans (Hedw.) Card . Cloud forest ; Morne Nacel region.
Buck 9344,9390 9396.

Family Hypopterygiaceae

Hypopteggium tamariscinum (Hedw.) Brid. Cloud forest; ravine east of Berac
area. Buck 9407. Judd 4814.

FamilyLembophyllaceae

Porotrichodendron bertrandii (Ren. & Card.) Broth. Cloud forest; Morne
Nacel region. Buck 9404.

Porotrichodendron superbum (Tayl.) Broth. Cloud forest; Morne d'Enfer,
Rivitre Blanche. Buck 9376,9409, Judd 4592,4697.



JUDD: FLORISTIC SIUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 123

Family Meteoriaceae

Meteoriopsis patula (Hedw.) Broth. Cloud forest ; Rividre Blanche. Judd
4593.

Meteoilum illecebmm (C. Mull.) Mitt. Moist pine forest; Rividre Blanche,
"The Depression." Judd 4269, 4271, 4632.

Papillaria deppei (Hornsch.) Jaeg. Cloud forest; Morne Nacel region. Buck
9353,9385.

Papillaria imponderosa (Tayl.) Broth. Moist pine forest; Morne La Visite,
Rivi6re Blanche. Judd 4272.4582.

Papillaria penicillata (Dozy & Molkenb.) Broth. Cloud forest, moist pine
forest; Morne FB Noir, M. La Visite, Rivitre Blanche, "The
Depression." Buck 9397,9425, Judd 4339.4575,4623,4959.

Pilotrichella cuspidans Ren. & Card. Cloud forest, moist pine forest; Morne
d'Enfer, Pic Cabaio to Roche Cabrit/Belle Fontaine, "The
Depression." Buck 9453. Judd 4639. 4698b, 4874, 4875b.

Pilottichella herasticha (Schwaegr.) Jaeg. Cloud forest; Morne Nacel region.
Buck 9395.

PilotncheUa pentasticha (Brid.) Wijk. & Marg. Moist pine forest; Rivitre
Blanche. Judd 4597, 4598b.

Squamidium leucom'chum (Tayl.) Broth. Cloud forest; Morne d'Enfer. Judd
4739.

Squamidium nigricans (Hook.) Broth. Cloud forest; Morne d'Enfer to M. Ft
Noir, Rivitre Blanche. Judd 4600,4738,4770.

Family Mniaceae

Plagiomnium rhynchophorum (Hook.) T. Kop. Cloud forest; Morne Nacel
region. Buck 9394.

Family Neckeraceae

Neckera umigera C. Mull . Moist pine forest; Morne La Visite . Buck 9455 ,
Judd 4584b.

Porotrichum cobanense C M011. Moist sinkhole vegetation; Truing Marassa.
Judd 4617b, 4620.

Porotnchum fasciculatum (Hedw.) Mitt. Cloud forest; ravine east of Berac
area. Judd 4815.

Family Orthotrichaceae

Macromim'um cirrosum (Hedw.) Brid. Cloud forest; Morne Nacel region.
Buck 9382.



124 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

Macromitnum guatemalense C Mull. Cloud forest; Pic Cabaio to Roche
Cabrit/Belle Fontaine. Judd 4871.

Macromimum pentastichum C. Mull. Cloud forest; Morne Nacel region.
Buck 9449.

Macromitrium podocarpi C. Mull. Moist pine forest/cloud forest ; Morne La
Visite. Judd 4537.

Family Polytrichaceae

Polytrichum juniperinum Hedw. Moist pine forest/cloud forest; Morne La
Visite, f scattered in pinelands. Judd 4577.

Family Pottiaceae

Anoectangium aestivum (Hedw.) Mitt. Cloud forest, moist sinkhole
vegetation; Rivitre Blanche, Truing Marassa. Judd 4599, 4613.

Barbula bescherellei Sauerb. ex Jaeg. Pine forest, cloud forest; Galette Seche,
Rivitre Blanche. Judd 4611,4865. Det. William C. Steere.

Barbula subteretiuscula Card. Moist pine forest/cloud forest; Morne La
Visite. Judd 4578a.

Hymenostylium recurvirostnim (Hedw.) Dix. Moist pine forest; RiviBre
Blanche. Judd 4341. Det. William C. Steere.

Hyophila involum (Hook.) Jaeg. & Sauerb. Pine forest; Galette Seche. Judd
4868a. Det. William C. Steere.

Molendoa sendtneriana (B. S.G.) Limpr. Moist pine forest ; Rivitre Blanche.
Judd 4277.

Pleurochaete luteola (Besch.) Thdr. Pine forest; Galette Seche. Judd 4867.
Trichostomum tenuirostre (Hook. & Tayl.) Lindb. Cloud forest; Morne Nacel

region. Buck 9380.
Weissia jamaicensis (Mitt.) Grout. Moist pine forest ; Rivitre Blanche. Judd

4606b, 4612.

Family Prionodontaceae

Prionodon densus (Hedw.) C. Moll . Cloud forest, moist pine forest ; Morne
d'Enfer, M. La Visite, Pic Cabaio to Roche Cabrit/Belle Fontaine.
Buck 9451, Judd 4583, 4595, 4695, 4875a.

Family Racopilaceae

Racopilum tomentosum (Hedw.) Brid. Cloud forest; Morne Nacel region.
Buck 9386.



JUDD: FLORISTIC SrUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 125

Family Sematophyllaceae

Wijkia flagellifera (Broth.) Crum. Cloud forest; Morne Nacel region. Buck
9357.

Family Thuidiaceae

Anomodon attenuatus (Hedw.) Hueben. Pine forest; f scattered in pinelands
Judd 4387b.

Anomodon rostratus (Hedw.) Schimp. Pine forest, cloud forest; Morne
d'Enfer to M. FB Noir, Rivitre Blanche, c scattered in pinelands.
Buck 9347. Judd 4340, 4388, 4771.

Haplocladium microphyUum (Hedw.) Broth. Cloud forest; Morne d'Enfer.
Buck 9412. 9444, Judd 4736.

Thuidium minutulum (Hedw.) B.S.G. Cloud forest; Morne d'Enfer. Judd
4735.

Thuidium urceolatum Lon Moist pine forest, moist sinkhole vegstation; Belle
Fontaine, Rivitre Blanche, Truing Marassa. Judd 4281,4616.

Division-Hepatophyta

- Family Dilaenaceae

Pallavicinia iyellii (Hook.) S. Gray. Moist pine forest/cloud forest; Rivitre
Blanche. Judd 4603.

Family Grimaldiaceae

Asterella rugosa Evans. Cloud forest/moist pine forest; ravine east of Berac
area, Rividre Blanche. Judd 4610,4295. Det. David A. Breil.

Family Lejeuneaceae

Drepanolejeunea o,Yhophylla (Nees & Mont.) Bischl. Cloud forest; Rivitre
Blanche. Judd 459la. Det. R. Grolle.

Lejeunea (sterile) sp. Moist pine forest; RiviBre Blanche. Judd 4342. Det. R.
Grolle.

Odontolejeunea sieberiana (Gott.) Schiffn. Moist pine forest; Rivi6re Blanche.
Judd 4591b. Det. R. Grolle.



126 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL.,32(1)

Family Marchantiaceae

Dumortiera hirsuta (Sw.) Nees. Moist pine forest; Rivitre Blanche . Judd
4507.

Marchantia breviloba Evans. Moist pine forest, cloud forest; Rividre Blanche,
ravine east of Berac area, Morne d'Enfer. Judd 4280, 4742, 4955.
Det. David A. Breil.

Family Plagiochilaceae

Plagiochila boissieri Steph. Moist pine forest, cloud forest; Morne La Visite,
Rivitre Blanche. Judd 4275, 4584a. Det. H. Inoue.

Plagiochila hypnoides Lindb. Cloud forest; Rivitre Blanche. Judd 4598a.
Det. H. Inoue.

Plagiochila crispata Gott. Cloud forest; Rivitre Blanche . Judd 4596. Det. H.
Inoue.

Family Porellaceae

Porella brasiliensis (Raddi) Schiffn. Cloud forest; Morne d'Enfer. Judd 4701 .
Porella crispata (Hook.) Trev. Pine forest; "The Depression." Judd 4629.
Porena swartziana (Web.) Trev. Cloud forest, pine forest; Morne d'Enfer,

"The Depression." Judd 4637,4699.
Porella sp. Cloud forest; Pic Cabaio to Roche Cabrit. Judd 4872.

Family Radulaceae

Radula korthalsii Steph. Moist sinkhole vegetation; Truing Marassa. Judd
4618. Det. Kohsaku Yamada.

Radula mollis Lindenb. & Bott. Cloud forest ; Morne Nacel region. Buck
9446.

Radula voluta Tayl. Moist pine forest; Rivicbre Blanche, "The Depression."
Judd 4270,4636. Det. Kohsaku Yamada.

Family Rebouliaceae

Reboulia hemisphaerica (L.) Raddi. Cloud forest; Morne d 'Enfer. Judd 4734.

Family Targioniaceae

Taigionia hypophyUa L. Moist pine forest; RiviBre Blanche. Judd 4336.



JUDD: FLORISTIC STUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 127

LITERATURE CITED

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59:271-276.

Barker, H. D., and W. S. Dardeau. 1930. La flore d'Haiti. Service Technique de D6partment
de l'Agriculture et.de l'Enseignement Professionnel, Port-au-Prince, Haiti. viii, 456
P.

Buck, W. R., and W. C. Steere. 1983. Un listado preliminar de los musgos de la Espaftola.
Moscosoa 2:28-53.

Christensen, S. 1938. The collections of Pteridophyta made in Hispaniola by E. L. Ekman,
1917 and 1924-1930. Svenska Vet. Hand. 1.16:1-93.

Ciferri, R. 1936. Studio geobotdnico dell'isola Hispaniola (Antille). Atti. Ist. Bot. "Giovani
Briosi" ser. IV, 8:1-336.

Crosby, M. R., and R. E. Magin. 1978. A dictionary of mosses. Second printing with
corrections and additions. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis. 43 p.

Crum, H. 1965. New moss records from Haiti. Bryologist 68:232-233.
Crum, H., and W. C. Steere. 1958. A contribution to the bryology of Haiti. Amen Midi. Nat.

60:1-51.
Dod, D. D. 1984. Massif de La Hotte, isla peculiar: orquideas nuevas iluminan su historia.

Moscosoa 3:91-99.
, and W. S. Judd. 1986. Orchidaceae of the La Visite and Macaya national parks,

Haiti. Grant report prepared for USAID/Haiti under contract no. 521-0169-C-00-
3083-00. Gainesville, FL.

Ekman, E. L. 1926. Botanizing in Haiti. U.S. Naval Med. Bull. 24(3):483-497.
. 1928. A botanical excursion in La Hotte, Haiti. Svensk Bot. Tidskrift. 22:200-219.

Farr E. R., J. A. Leussink, and F. A. Stafteu. 1979. Index nominum genericorum (Plantarum).
Vol l. Regnum vegetabile 100:1-630; Vol. 2. Regnum vegetabile 101:631-1276;
Vol. 3. Regnum vegetabile 102:1277-1896.

Holdridge, L. R. 1942. The pine forests of Haiti. Caribbean Forest 4.16-22.
. 1947. The pine forest and adjacent mountain vegetation of Haiti considered from

the standpoint of a new climatic classification of plant formations. Ph.D.
Dissertation, Univ. Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI. 186 p.

Howard, R. A. 1973. The vegetation of the Antilles. Pp. 1-38 in A Graham (ed.), Vegetation
and vegetational history of northern Latin America. Elsevier Scientific Publishing
Company, Amsterdam.

Jimtnez, J. de J. 1966 [1967]. Suplemento al Catalogus Florae Domingensis deI Prof. Rafael
M. Moscoso. Tipografia Valbonesi. Forli, Italy. 275 p

Judd, W. S. 1980. Notes on the.moss flora of Hispaniola. Bryologist 83:555-558.



128 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

. 1986a. A new species of Wallenia (Myrsinaceae) from Haiti. Sida 11:329-333.
1986b. First report of Micropholis polita (Sapotaceae) and Hamelia ventricosa
(Rubiaceae) from Hispaniola. Moscosoa 4:222-225.

. 19860. A new species of IlgE (Aquifoliaceae) from Haiti. Rhodora 88:435-439.

. 1986d. Taxonomic placement Of Calycozonium squamulosum (Melastomataceae:
Miconieae). Brittonia 38:238-242.

, and J. D. Skean, Jr. 1987a. Three new angiosperms from Parc National Pic Macaya,
Massif de La Hotte, Haiti. Bull. Florida State Mus., Biol. Sci. 32(1):137-150.

, and J. D. Skean, Jr. 1987b. 7190 new species of Meriania from the Massif de La
Hotte, Haiti. Syst. Bot. 12: 374-380.

Liogier, A. H. 1981. Flora of Hispaniola. Part I. Phytologia Mem. 3:1-218.
. 1983. La flora de la Espafiola. II. Univ. Centr. Este [San Pedro de Macoris, Rep.

Dom.] Ser. CL 15:1-420
. 1985. La flora de la Espafiola. III. Univ. Centr. Este. [San Pedro de Macoris, Rep.

Dom.] Ser. Ci. 22:1-431.
. 1986. La flora de la Espafiola. IV. Univ. Centr. Este. [San Pedro de Macoris, Rep.

Dom.] Ser. Ci. 24:1-377.
MacFadden, B. J. 1986. Geological setting of the national parks of Haiti. Grant report

prepared for USAID/Haiti under contract no. 521-0169-C-00-3083-00. Gainesville,
FL.

Marie-Victorin, Frjre. 1943. Les hautes pinddes d'Haiti. Contr. de l'Inst. Bot. de l'Univ. de
Montrdal 48:47-60.

Moscoso, R. M. 1943. Catalogus florae domingensis. Parte I. Spermatophyta. L. & S.
Printing, New York. 732 p.

Muller, C. 1898. Analecta bryographica Antillarum. Hedwigia 37:219-266.
Robson, N. K B. 1958. Bol. Soc. Brot., ser. 2.32: 171-172.
Skean, J. D., Jr., and W. S. Judd. 1986. A new Mecranium (Melastomataceae) from

Hispaniola. Brittonia 38:230-237.
Thdriot, I. 1944. Musci hispaniolenses. Rev. Bryol. Lichenol. 14:7-25.
Thorne, R. F. 1983. Proposed new realignments in the angiosperms. Nord. J. Bot. 3:85-117.
Tryon, R. M., and A. F. 1982. Ferns and allied plants, with special reference to tropical

America. Springer Verlag, New York. 857 p.
Urban, I. 1898-1928. Symbolae antillanae seu fundamenta florae indiae occidentalis. Fratres

Borntrager, Berlin.
. 1920-1921. Flora domingensis. Symbol. Antill. 8:1-860.
. 1921. Plantae haitienses novae vel rariores a cl. Er. L. Ekman 1917 lectae. Ark. Bot.

17(7):1-72.
. 1923. Zur Pflanzengeographie von Hispaniola. Symbol. Antill. 9:1-54.
. 1925. Pteridophyta domingensis. Symbol. Antill. 9:273-397.
. 1926a. Plantae haitienses novae vel rariores II. a cl. E. L. Ekman 1924 lectae. Ark.

Bot. 20A(5):1-65.
. 1926b, 1927. Plantae haitienses novae vel rariores III(-IV) a cl. E. L. Ekman 1924-

1926 lectae. Ark. Bot. 20A(15):1-94 (1926); 21A(5):1-97 (1927).



JUDD: FLORISTIC SrUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 129

1928. Plantae haitienses et domingenses novae vel rariores V. a cl. E. L. Ekman
1924-1927 Iectae. Ark. Bot. 22A(8):1-98.

. 1929a & b, 1930. Plantae haitienses et domingenses novae vel rariores VI (-VII, -
VIII) a cl. E. L. Ekman 1924-1928 lectae. Ark. Bot. 22A(10):1-108 (1929a);
22A(17):1-115 (1929b); 23A(5):1-107 (1930).

. 193la and b. Plantae haitienses et domingenses novae vel rariores IX (-X) a cl. E. L.
Ekman 1924-1930 lectae. Ark. Bot  23A(11):1-103; 24A(4):1-54.

Williams R. S. 1930. Haitian mosses collected by E. C. Leonard. J. Washington Acad. Sci.
20:173-180.

Woods, C. A., and L. Harris. 1986. Stewardship plan for the national parks of Haiti. Grant
report prepared for USAID/Haiti under contract no. 521-0169-000-3083-00.
Gainesville, FL

Zanoni T. A., C. R. Long, and G. McI<iernan. 1984. Bibliografia de la flora y de la vegetacion
de la isla Espafiola. Moscosoa 3: 1-61.



130 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

APPENDIX
Macrolichens Collected in Parc National Morne La Visite

and Parc National Pic Macaya, Haiti.

All collections were identified by Dr. Richard C. Harris unless
otherwise indicated. Lichens collected in Parc Morne La Visite are indicated
by "LV"; those collected in Parc Pic Macaya are indicated by "M".

Bulbothir venmcosa (Hale & Kurokawa) Hale; LV; Judd 4591c.
Caloplaca crocea (Krempelh.) Hafellner & Poelt; LV; Baird LV- 15.
Cladina confusa (R. Sant.) Follm. & Ahti ; LV; Judd 4622.
Cladina rang(fen'na (L.) Nyl. subsp. abbayesii (Ahti) Culb.; LV; Judd 4957.
Cladina subtenuis (des Abb.) Hale & Culb.; LV; Judd 4958.
Cladonia ceratophylia (Sw.) Sprengel ; LV; Buck 9373. 9436a, Judd 4869.
Cladonia didyma (F6e) Vainio var. di*ma ; LV; Judd 4624.
Cladonia didyma (F6e) Vainio var. vulcanica (Zoll .) Vainio ; LV, M; Baird

LV-7, Judd 3681, 3710. 3745b, Skean 1452.
Cladonia furcata (Hudson) Schrader ; LV, M; Judd 4187, 4278, Skean 1453.
Cladonia merochlorophaea Asah.; LV, M; Judd 3682b, 4168. 4745a.
Ciadonia multipartita (Mull . Arg.) Ahti; M; Judd 3682a.
Cladonia pociUum (Ach.) OJ. Richard; LV; Baird LV-14, Buck 9345, 9406,

Judd 4626.
Cladonia ramulosa (With.) Laundon; LV; Judd 4745b.
Cla(tonia spiculata (Ach.) Ahti; M; Judd 4172.
Cladonia squamosa Hoffm. var. subsquamosa (Nyl. ex Leight) Vainio; M;

Judd 4060.
Cladonia subradiata (Vainio) Sandst. LV. Buck 9436.
Cetrariastrum vemns Culb. & Culb.; LV, M; Judd 3746,4702.
Coccocaipia palmicola (Spreng.) Gallow & Arridss. LV. Buck 9430.
Coccocatpia peUita (Ach.) Mull. Arg.; M; Judd 3574.
Dictyonema sp.; M; Judd 3784. Det. Jack Gibson.
Fistulariella in,#ata (Hook.f. & Tayl.) Hook.f. & Tayl.; LV; Buck 9435.
Heterodermia circinalis (Zahlbr.) ined.; LV; Judd 4628.
Heterodennia comosa (Eschw.) Follm. & Red6n.; LV; Buck 9346.
Heterodennia leucomelos (L.) Poelt subsp. bo,yi (Fte) Swinsc. & Krog; M, LV;

Buck 9388, Judd 3846b.
Heterodermia leucomelos 0.4 Poelt subsp. leucomelos; 1.Vi Buck 9421, 9427.
Heterodennia lutescens (Kurok.) Follm.; LV; Buck 9434.
Hypotrachyna costan'censis (Nyl.) Hale; LV; Judd 4703.
Hypotmchyna croceopusmlam (Kurokawa) Hale; LV; Judd 4294a.
Hypotrachyna degelii (Hale) Hale ; M; Judd 3919.



JUDD: FLORISI'IC STUDY HAmAN NATIONAL PARKS 131

Hypotrachyna revolum (S16rke) Hale; LV; Buck 9365.
Hypotrachyna sp.; LV, Judd 4294b.
Leptogium azureum (Sw.) Mont. s. lat.; LV; Buck 9370, Judd 4818.
Leptogium sp.; LV, M; Judd 3552.4685.
Lobaria ravenelii (Tock) Yoshim; LV; Buck 9366.
Pannaria sp.; M; Judd 3675b.
Pannelina minamm (Vainio) Skorepa; LV; Baird LV-6, LV-10. LV-20.
Pannotrema conferendum (Hale) Hale; LV; Baird LV-3.
Parmotrema crinitum (Ach.) Choisy; M; Buck 9367. Judd 3683.
Pannotrema haitense (Hale) Hale; LV; Baird LV-18.
Pannotrema mellissii (Dodge) Hale; LV; Judd 4293a.
Parmotrema reticulatum (Taylor) Choisy; LV; Baird LV-2. Buck 9355 .
Pannotrema robustum (Degel.) Hale; LV; Judd 4293b. 4638.
Pannotrema tinctomm (Nyl.) Hale; LV; Baird LV-5, LV-8.
Parmotrema sp.; LV; Judd 4279.
Pertusaria texana Mull . Arg.; LV; Baird LV-9.
Peltigem austroamen'cami Zahlbr.; LV; Judd 4273.
Peltigera dolicho#hiza (Nyl.) Nyl.; LV, M; Buck 9352, Judd 4212.
Peltigera sp:, M; Judd 3750 (det. W. S. Judd), s. n., Skean 1381.
Phaeophyscia hispidula (Ach.) Essl.; LV; Buck 9375.
Physcia alba (Fte) Mall. Arg.; LV; Buck 9413.
Pseudocyphellana aumta (Ach.) Vainio; LV, M; Judd 4817b, Skean 1544.
Pseudoparmelia texana (Tuck.) Hale ; LV; Baird LV- 17.
Punctelia mdecta (Ach.) Krog; LV; Buck 9387. 9409a.
Ramahna pemviana Ach.; LV; Buck 9378b, 9414.
Ramalitta sp.; LV; Judd 4385b.
Sticta damaecomis (Sw.) Ach.; LV, M; Judd 3570, 3586 (det. W. S. Judd),

4686, Skean 1286.
Sticm ji,liginosa (Dicks.) Ach.; LV;
Sticta laciniata Ach.; M; Judd 3694b.
Sticta fomentosa (Sw.) Ach.; M; Judd 3704b.
Sticta weigelii (Ach.) Vainio; LV; Buck 9377,9433,9445.
Sticm sp.; LV; Judd 4627, 4817a.
Teloschistes flavicans (Sw.) Norm.; LV, M; Buck 9392. Judd 3552b. 3846a,

4386.
Usnea mbicunda Stirton; LV, M; Baird LV-4. LV-11. Judd 3748. 4576b.
Usnea spp.; LV, M; Baird LV-13. LV-14, Judd 3747, 3847b, 4167, 4274,

4385a, 4574. 4576a. 4746.



132 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

Fungi Collected in Parc National Morne La Visite
and Parc National Pic Macaya, Haiti.

All collections are identified by Dr. Jack Gibson or Beth North.
Fungi collected in Parc Morne La Visite are indicated bu "LV"; those
collected in Parc Pic Macaya are indicated by "M".

Bolems sp.; LV, also coll. M, specimen rotted, Judd 4819, Thomoson s.11. 14
Feb 1984.

Collybia cf. laccata Dennis; M, Judd 4202.
Conocybe sp.; LV, Thompson s.n. 14 Feb 1984.
Coninadus sp.; M; Judd 3849. 3927b; LV, Thompson s 10 Feb 1984.
Cyathus striatus Willd.; M, Judd 3995.
Daldinia cf. concenttica (Bolt. ex Fries) Cesati & DeNotaris; M, Judd 3827a.
Favolus cucullatus Mont.; M, Judd 3740.
Filoboletus sp.; LV, Thompson s.n. 14 Feb 1984.
Fomes grenadensis (Murr.) Sacc. & Trott.; M, Judd 3718. 3781, 3845.
Fomes subroseus (Weir) Overh.; M, Judd 4075,4204.
Fomes sp.; LV, Judd 4631.
Gaterina sp.; LV, Thomoson s.n. 15 Feb 1984.
Hebeloma weberi Murr.; LV, Thompson s.n. 15 Feb 1984.
Lenzites sapiara (Wulf ex Fries) Fries; LV, Thompson in. 15 Feb 1984.
Lepiom sp.; M, Judd 3926.
Marasmius sp.; M, Judd 3717; LV, Thompson s.n. 15 Feb 1984.
MorcheUa deliciosa Fries; LV, Judd an.
Nidularia emodensis (Berk.) Lloyd; M, Judd 4203.
Paneolus campanulatus (L. ex Fr.) Quil.; LV, Judd s.n.
Pholiota ct trinitensis Dennis; M, Judd s.n.
Pholiota sp.; LV, Thompson s.n. 14 Feb 1984.
Po6poms arculan'us Batsch ex Fries; LV, Thomoson s.n. 15 Feb 1984, Franz

§:Il. 16 Feb 1984.
Potyporus cubensis Mont.; LV, ThomDson s.n. 15 Feb 1984.
Pobporus versicolor L. ex Fries; LV, Thompson s.n. 15 Feb 1984.
Po6porus vinosus Berk; LV, Judd 4630.
Po6ponts sp.; LV, Judd & n.
Stereum lobatum (Kunze) Fries; M, Judd 3556.
Suillus sp.; LV, Thompson s.n. i3 Feb 1984.



JUDD: FLORISTIC STUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 133

INDEX TO FAMILIES

Parc National Pic Macaya Convolvulaceae,.p. 68
Crassulaceae, p. 55
Cruciferae, p. 49

Agavaceae, p. 71 Cucurbitaceae, p. 49

Alstroemeriaceae, p. 71 Cunoniaceae, p. 56

Amaranthaceae, p. 44 Cyatheaceae, p. 34

Amaryllidaceae, p. 71 Cyperaceae, p. 73
Amblystegiaceae, p. 108 Daltoniaceae, p. 109

Anacardiaceae, p. 54 Davalliaceae, p. 38
Apiaceae (see Araliaceae) Dennstaedtiaceae, p. 36

Apocynaceae, p. 63 Dicksoniaceae, p. 34

Aquifoliaceae, p. 45 Dicranaceae, p. 109
Araceae, p. 72 Dilaenaceae, p. 115
Araliaceae, p. 61 Dioscoreaceae, p. 71
Arecaceae, p. 72 Ditrichaceae, p. 110
Asclepiadaceae (see Apocynaceae) Dryopteridaceae, p. 37

Aspleniaceae, p. 38 Entodontaceae, p. 110

Asteraceae, p. 68 Ericaceae, p. 45

Bartramiaceae, p. 108 Euphorbiaceae, p. 52

Begoniaceae, p. 49 Fabaceae, p. 55
Bignoniaceae, p. 63 Fissidentaceae, p. 110

Blechnaceae, p. 38 Flacourtiaceae, p. 48

Bombacaceae, p. 50 Frullaniaceae, 9 115

Boraginaceae, p. 66 Funariaceae, p. 111
Brachytheciaceae, p. 108 Garryaceae, p. 61
Brassicaceae, p. 49 Gesneriaceae, p. 64
Bromeliaceae, p. 72 Gleicheniaceae, p. 33
Brunelliaceae, p. 56 Gramineae, p. 73
Bryaceae, p. 108 Guttiferae, p. 45
Cactaceae, p. 44 Heliconiaceae, p. 75
Calymperaceae, p. 109 Hookeriaceae, p. 111
Campanulaceae, p. 68 Hydrophyllaceae, p. 66
Cannaceae, p. 75 Hymenophyllaceae, p. 33
Caryophyllaceae, p. 44 Hypnaceae, p. 111
Cecropiaceae (see Urticaceae) Hypopterygiaceae, p. 111
Celastraceae, p. 47 Hypoxidaceae, p. 71
Cephaloziaceae, p. 115 Illiciaceae, p. 41
Chloranthaceae, p. 41 Jungermanniaceae, p. 116
Clusiaceae, p. 45 Labiatae, p. 65
Compositae, p. 68 Lamiaceae, p. 65



134 BULLETIN FLORIDA SrATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

Lauraceae, p. 41 Plantaginaceae, p. 64
Leguminosae, p. 55 Poaceae, p. 73
Lejeuneaceae, p. 116 Polygalaceae, p. 53
Lembophyllaceae, p. 111 Polygonaceae, p. 47
Lepidoziaceae, p. 116 Polypodiaceae, p. 39
Leucobryaceae (see Dicranaceae) Polytrichaceae, p. 113
Lophocoleaceae, p. 117 Porellaceae, p. 118
Lophosoriaceae, p. 34 Pottiaceae, p. 113
Loranthaceae, p. 47 Prionodontaceae, p. 114
Lycopodiaceae, p. 32 Psilotaceae, p. 32
Malpighiaceae, p. 53 Pteridaceae, p. 35
Malvaceae, p. 50 Pterobryaceae, p. 114
Marattiaceae, p. 33 Ptilidiaceae, p. 119
Marcgraviaceae, p. 45 Racopilaceae, p. 114
Marchantiaceae, p. 117 Radulaceae, p. 119
Melastomataceae, p. 56 Ranunculaceae, p. 43
Meliaceae, p. 54 Rhizogoniaceae, p. 114
Menispermaceae, p. 43 Riccardiaceae, p. 119
Meteoriaceae, p. 112 Rosaceae, p. 55
Metzgeriaceae, p. 117 Rubiaceae, p. 62
Mniaceae, p. 112 Rutaceae, p. 53
Monocleaceae, p. 117 Sabiaceae, p. 54
Moraceae (see Urticaceae) Sapindaceae-B 54
Myricaceae, p. 54 Sapotaceae, p. 46
Myrsinaceae, p. 46 Scapaniaceae, p. 119
Myrtaceae, p. 60 Scrophulariaceae, p. 64
Neckeraceae, p. 112 Selaginellaceae, p. 33
Nyctaginaceae, p. 44 Sematophyllaceae, p. 114
Oleaceae, p. 61 Smilacaceae, p. 71
Onagraceae, p. 59 Solanaceae, p. 66
Ophioglossiaceae, p. 33 Sphagnaceae, p. 115
Orchidaceae, p. 72 Staphyleaceae, p. 56
Orthotrichaceae, p. 112 Symplocaceae, p. 45
Oxalidaceae, p. 53 Theaceae, p. 44
Palmae, p. 72 Thelypteridaceae, p. 36
Papaveraceae, p. 43 Theophrastaceae, p. 46
Passifloraceae, p. 49 Thuidiaceae, p. 115
Phyllogoniaceae, p. 113 Thymeliaceae, p. 52
Phytolaccaceae, p. 43 Tiliaceae, p. 49
Pinaceae, p. 40 Ulmaceae, p. 50
Piperaceae, p. 41 Umbelliferae (see Araliaceae)
Plagiochilateae, p. 117 Urticaceae, p. 50
Plagiogyriaceae, p. 34 Valerianaceae, p. 66



JUDD: FLORISTIC SrUDY HAITIAN NATIONAL PARKS 135

Verbenaceae, p. 65 Cucurbitaceae, p. 88
Viscaceae, p. 48 Cunoniaceae, p. 93
Vitaceae, p. 61 Cupressaceae, p. 81
Vittariaceae, p. 35 Cyatheaceae, p. 77

Zingiberaceae, p. 75 Cyperaceae, p. 106
Daltoniaceaem p. 121
Dennstaedtiaceae, p. 78

Parc National Morne La Visite Dicranaceae, p. 121
Dilaenaceae, p. 125
Dioscoreaceae, p. 105

Adoxaceae, p. 100 Dryopteridaceae, p. 79
Agavaceae, p. 105 Entodontaceae, p. 121
Amaranthaceae, p. 84 Eremolepidaceae, p. 87
Amblystegiaceae, p. 120 Ericaceae, p. 85
Apiaceae (see Araliaceae) Euphorbiaceae, p. 90
Apocynaceae, p. 98 Fabaceae, p. 92
Aquifoliaceae, p. 84 Fissidentaceae, p. 121
Araliaceae, p. 96 Fumariaceae (see Papaveraceae)
Arecaceae, p. 105 Funariaceae, p. 122
Asclepiadaceae (see Apocynaceae) Garryaceae, p. 96
Aspleniaceae, p. 80 Geraniaceae, p. 91
Asteraceae, p. 103 Gesneriaceae, p. 99
Bartramiaceae, p. 120 Gleicheniaceae, p. 76
Begoniaceae, p. 88 Gramineae, p. 106
Bignoniaceae, p. 98 Grimaidiaceae, p. 125
Blechnaceae, p. 80 Guttiferae, p. 85
Boraginaceae, p. 101 Hookeriaceae, p. 122
Brachytheciaceae, p. 120 Hymenophyllaceae, p. 77
Brassicaceae, p. 88 Hypnaceae, p. 122
Bromeliaceae, p. 106 Hypopterygiaceae, p. 122
Brunelliaceae, p. 93 Labiatae, p. 100
Bryaceae, p. 121 Lamiaceae, p. 100
Buddlejaceae, p. 97 Lauraceae, p. 82
Calymperaceae, p. 121 Leguminosae, p. 92
Campanulaceae, p. 102 Lejeuneaceae, p. 125
Caprifoliaceae (see Adoxaceae) Lembophyllaceae, p. 122
Caryophyllaceae, p. 84 Leucobryaceae (see Dicranaceae)
Cecropiaceae (see Urticaceae) Linaceae, p. 91
Celastraceae, p. 87 Lophosoriaceae, p. 77
Clusiaceae, p. 85 Loranthaceae, p. 87
Compositae, p. 103 Lycopodiaceae, p. 76
Cruciferae, p. 88 Lythraceae, p. 93
Cryphaeaceae, p. 121 Malpighiaceae, p. 91



136 BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM VOL. 32(1)

Malvaceae, p. 89 Sapotaceae, p. 85
Marchantiaceae, p. 126 Scrophulariaceae, p. 98
Melastomataceae, p. 94 Selaginellaceae, p. 76
Meteoriaceae, p. 123 Sematophyllaceae, p. 125
Mniaceae, p. 123 Simaroubaceae, p. 92
Moraceae (see Urticaceae) Smilacaceae, p. 105
Myricaceae, p. 92 Solanaceae, p. 101
Myrsinaceae, p. 86 Staphyleaceae, p. 92
Myrtaceae, p. 95 Targioniaceae, p. 126
Neckeraceae, p. 123 Theaceae, p. 84
Onagraceae, p. 95 Thelypteridaceae, p. 78
Ophioglossiaceae, p. 76 Thuidiaceae, p. 125
Orchidaceae, p. 105 Thymelaeaceae, p. 90
Orthotrichaceae, p. 123 Ulmaceae, p. 89
Oxalidaceae, p. 91 Umbelliferae (see Araliaceae)
PaImae, p. 105 Urticaceae, p. 89
Papaveraceae, p. 83 Valerianaceae, p. 100
Passifloraceae, p. 87 Verbenaceae, p. 99
Phytolaccaceae, p. 83 Viscaceae, p. 87
Pinaceae, p. 81 Vittariaceae, p. 78
Piperaceae, p. 82
PIagiochilaceae, p. 126
Plantaginaceae, p. 98
Poaceae, p. 106
Podocarpaceae, p. 82
Polygonaceae, p. 86
Polypodiaceae, p. 80
Polytrichaceae, p. 124
Porellaceae, p. 126
Pottiaceae, p. 124
Primulaceae, p. 86
Prionodontaceae, p. 124
Pteridaceae, p. 77
Racopilaceae, p. 124
Radulaceae, p. 126
Ranunculaceae, p. 83
Rebouliaceae, p. 126
Rhamnaceae, p. 90
Rosaceae, p. 93
Rubiaceae, p. 97
Rutaceae, p. 91
Sabiaceae, p. 92
Sapindaceae, p. 92