.. BULLETIN of the FLORIDA MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY CHEWING LICE (MALLOPHAGE) FROM BIRDS IN FLORIDA: A LISTING BY HOST Donald J. Forrester, Herbert W. Kale II, Roger D. Price, K. C. Emerson, and Garry W. Foster Volume 39, No. 1, pp. 1-44 1995 UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA GAINESVILLE Numbers of the BULLETIN OF THE FLORIDA MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY are published at irregular intervals. Volumes contain about 300 pages and are not necessarily completed in any one calendar year. F. WAYNE KING, ED/7DR RHODA J. BRYANT, A:£{WAGING EL)noR Communications concerning purchase or exchange of the publications and all manuscripts should be addressed to: Managing Editor, Bulletin; Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida; P. O. Box 117800, Gainesville FL 3261 1-7800; US.A This journal is printed on recycled paper. ISSN: 0071-6154 CODEN: BF 5BA5 Publication date: October 18,1995 Price: $1.50 CHEWING LICE (MALLOPHAGA) FROM BIRDS IN FLORIDA: A LISTING BY HOST Donald J. Forresteri, Herbert W. Kale W, Roger D. Price3, K. C. Emerson4, and Garry W. Fosters ABSTRACT A host list of chewing lice (Mallophaga) from birds in Florida is presented. This includes lice from 171 ofthe 446 native birds that occur in the state and represents information on 17 orders and 44 families of birds. Nothing is known for 3 orders and 14 families. Records on the domestic chicken, the Northern Jacana (an introduced exotic), and the Whooping Crane (captive-reared and subsequently released into Florida) are given also for comparative purposes. RESUMEN Se presenta una lista de hudspedes de piojos masticadores (Mallophaga) de aves de Florida. Esta lista incluye piojos de 171 de las 446 aves nativas que se encuentran en el estado, representando informaci6n de 17 6rdenes y 44 familias de aves. Nada se sabe sobre 3 6rdenes y 14 familias. Se presentan tambih con prop6sitos comparativos, registros en el pollo dom6stico, la Jacana del Norte (ave ex6tica introduci(la) y la Grulla Aulladora (criada en cautividad y posteriormente liberada en Florida). ' The senior author is a Professor in the Department of Pathobiology. CoUege of-Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, P.O. Box 110880, Gainesville FL 32611-0880, U.S.A. 2 H.W. Kale 11 is Vice President ofthe Florida Audubon Society, 460 Highway 436, Casselberry FL 32707, U.S.A. 1 R.D. Plice is an Adjunct Professor in the Department of Entomology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater OK 74078, U.SA 4 560 Boulder Drive, Casselbeny FL 33957, U.S.A. (Deceased). ' G.W. Foster is a Biological Scientist in the Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicme, University of Florida, P.O. Box 110880, Gainesville FL 32611-0880, U.S.A FORRESTER, D. J., H.W. KALE II, R.D. PRICE, K. C. EMERSON, & G. W. FOSTER. 1995. Chewing lice (Mallophaga) from birds in Florida: A listing by host. Bull. Florida Mus. NaL Hist 39(1):1-44. 2 BULLETIN FLORIDA MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 39(1) TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 2 Acknowledgments 3 Methae 4 Results and Discugginn 4 Checklist of chewing lice by avian hod 5 Gaviiformes (Loons) 5 Podicipediformes (Grehes) 5 Procellariiformes (Tube-nosed Swimmers) 5 Pelecaniformes (Totipalmate Swimmers) 6 Ciconiiformes (Herons, Ibises, Storks, and Allies) 9 Phoenicopteriformes (Flaming.9 14 Anseriformes (Screamers, Swans, Geese, and Ducks) 14 Falconiformes (Diurnal Birds ofPrey) 16 Galliformes (Gallinaceous bir,14 20 Gruiformes (Cranes, Rails, and Allies) 22 Charadriiformes (Shorebirds, Gulls, and Allies) 25 Columbiformes (Pigeons and Doves) 32 Psittaciformes (Parrots and A 11,-) 33 Cuculiformes (Cuckoos and Allies) 33 Strigiformes (Owls) 34 Caprimulgiformes (Goatsuckers and Allies) 35 Apodiformes (Swifts and Hummingbirds) 35 Coraciiformes (Kingfishers). 35 Piciformes (Woodpeckers and Allies) 35 Passeriformes (Passerine Bird.) 36 Literature ritpr! 42 INTRODUCTION Chewing lice (Mallophaga) are primarily parasites of birds although some species are found on mammals (Harwood and James 1979). They possess chewing type mandibles, have no wings, and are dorsoventrally flattened (Loomis 1978). Most bird-banders or others who work closely with wild or domestic birds are familiar with these arthropods and often observe them scurrying among the feathers of the bird being handled or crawling off of the bird onto their hands. These specialized insects are very host-specific especially at the host order level, and their distribution usually coincides with that of their host (Turner 1971). They spend their entire life on the host (Loomis 1978). Their eggs usually are laid on the flight feathers, although the exact location varies with the species of louse in question (Turner 1971). After hatching, the nymphs undergo three instars before becoming adults, the entire process taking from 3 to 4 weeks (Turner 1971, Loomis 1978). The normal life span of adults is several months on the avian host, but not over 5 or 6 days offof the host (Loomis 1978). Transmission of chewing lice from bird to bird occurs through direct contact during mating and brooding and via various roosting and dusting activities (Turner 1971). In addition, an interesting process called phoresy has been documented in which chewing lice move from one host or locality to another by attaching to flying insects such as louse flies, mosquitoes, dragon flies, bumblebees, and even FORRESTER ET AL.: CHEWING LICE FROM FLORIDA BIRDS 3 butterflies (Turner 1971). Some species of chewing lice feed on feathers or feather products (barbs and barbules) while others utilize blood and serum (Turner 1971, Loomis 1978). Harmful effects have been reported for domestic poultry in which infestations of large numbers of lice cause extreme irritation that leads to restlessness, weight loss, and a decrease in egg production (Turner 1971, Harwood and James 1979). Such effects have not been recorded for wild birds; however, in a study of captive Rock Doves (Columba livia) it was concluded that "Louse- imposed feather damage may reduce the thermoregulatory ability of the host, which would presumably have a negative impact on host fitness...."(Clayton 1991: 283). Sick or weakened birds often have larger numbers of lice than normal birds and this has been attributed to the inability of compromised birds to keep their lice in check by preening (Turner 1971). However, it is difficult to determine if a bird is in poor health because it has a large number of lice, or if the large number of lice resulted from poor health. Some species of chewing lice serve as biological vectors of filarioid nematodes such as those found in swifts (Dutton 1905, Nelson 1962), geese and swans (Seegar et al. 1976), coots (Bartlett and Anderson 1989), and several shorebirds (Bartlett 1993). In 1979, Harwood and James reported that there were about 3000 described species of chewing lice in the world. Allowing for work done since that estimate, this number is considerably higher now. Until recently very little has been known about the numbers and distribution of species of chewing lice that occur on birds in Florida. The oldest record of a chewing louse from a Florida bird is that of Timmermann ( 1971 ) in which Saemundssonia sagulata was described from specimens collected from a Florida Sandhill Crane (Grus canadensis pratensis) in 1882. Several lists have been published on the chewing lice of birds in North America including those by Kellogg (1899), Peters (1936), Malcomson (1960), and Emerson (1972). The publication by Peters (1936) is of particular interest because it contained records of lice from 53 species of birds in Florida, although he gave no specific data on localities and dates. Since 1936, only about a dozen or so publications on Florida bird lice have appeared, mostly in the 1980's and early 1990's. We have had the opportunity to collect and identify chewing lice from a large number and variety of birds throughout Florida during the past three decades. Inasmuch as most of the information is not available in published form, we felt that it would be useful to organize these data into a phylogenetic host list to provide a baseline and possible stimulus for further research on these interesting ectoparasites. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Numerous people assisted us in the collection of lice or collected specimens from various birds in Florida over the years and donated them to us for this project These included Lon R. Ballweber, Joseph A Conti, Mary C. Garvin, Pamela P. Humphrey, James N. Layne, Maria S. SepMveda, Marilyn G. Spalding, Scott P. Terrell, and many others, too numerous to list here. Robert R. Gerrish, James N. Layne, James W. Mertins, Benjamin N. Tuggle, and Yoshika O. Willis provided valuable unpublished data Their assistance was much appreciated. This research was supported in part by grants and contracts to one of us (DJF) from 4 BULLETIN FLORIDA MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 39(1) the Florida Game and Fresh Water Fish Commission's Federal Aid to Wildlife Restoration Program Florida Pittman-Robertson Project W-41 from 1969 to 1995. This is Florida Agricultural Experiment Stations Journal Series No. R-04227. METHODS Lice were collected in various ways from living and dead birds by the authors and their colleagues during the past 30 years. Some were seen among the feathers of birds that had been captured alive for banding purposes or for various biological studies. Others were obtained from carcasses of birds that were killed by hunters or by collisions with vehicles on highways or found sick or dead in the field or washed up on beaches. Specimens usually were preserved in 70% alcohol (ethyl or isopropyl) and later mounted on slides for microscopic examination. In addition to our own collections, we obtained records from the Florida State Collection of Arthropods (FSCA, Division of Plant Industry, Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Gainesville, Florida), The K. C. Emerson Entomological Museum (EEM, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma), the U. S. National Museum of Natural History Entomological Collection (USNM, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C.), and from the published literature. We attempted to ascertain the year and the county in Florida from which each collection was made and these are indicated on the following list. We indicate the source [publication or museum collection] in brackets after the year of collection, unless the data are our own, in which case nothing appears after the date. Representatives of specimens that we collected have been deposited in the FSCA and the EEM. Common and scientific names of birds and their respective families and orders and their sequence in the list follow the American Ornithologists' Union's Checklist of North American Birds published in 1983 and subsequent supplements (American Ornithologists' Union 1989, 1991, 1993). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The list of verified birds in Florida totals 457 and includes 446 natives and 11 established exotics (Robertson and Woolfenden 1992). We were able to obtain records of one or more species of chewing lice from 171 of these avian species, representing 17 orders and 44 families that occur in the state. We have no data on 3 orders and 14 families of birds in Florida. This is not to suggest that these latter birds are free of chewing lice, but rather that they have not been studied within the state. Data were also available on domestic chickens, one introduced exotic species (the Northern Jacana), and the Whooping Crane (which had been hatched and reared in captivity and subsequently released into the wild in Osceola County), and these are included. In the list that follows the records are organized by orders and families of avian host. Genera and species of lice are treated alphabetically. FORRESTER ET AL.: CHEWING LICE FROM FLORIDA BIRDS 5 GAVIIFORMES (LOONS) Gaviidae (Loons) Common Loon, Gavia immer Brunnich Craspedonirmus immer Emerson 1955 Pinellas County - 1973 PODICIPEDIFORMES (GREBES) Podicipedidae (Grebes) Horned Grdbe, Podiceps aurims GAnmeus) Aquaninnus bucomfishi Edwards 1965 Dade County - 1918 [EEM] PROCELLARI[FORMES (TUBE-NOSED SWIMMERS) Diomedeidae (Albatrosses) - No information available. Procellariidae (Shearwaters and Petrels) Black-capped Petrel, Pterodroma hasitata (Kuhl) Austromenopon popellus (Piaget 1890) Brevard County - 1972 Halipeurus theresae Timmermann 1969 Brevard County - 1972 Volusia County - 1977 [EEM] Saemundssonia jamaicensis Timmermann 1962 Brevard County - 1972 [EEM] Cory's Shearwater, Calonectris diomedea (Scopoli) Austromenopon echinatum Edwards 1960 Brevard County - 1993 Halipeurus abnormis (Piaget 1885) Brevard County - 1993 Saemundssonia peusi (Eichler 1949) Brevard County - 1993 Greater Shearwater, PujOinus gravis (0'Reilly) Ancistrona vagelli 0. C. Fabricius 1787) Brevard County - 1993 [Foster et al. 19961 Martin County - 1993 [Foster et al. 1996] Austromenopon paululum (Kellogg and Chapman 1899) Brevard County - 1972 [EEMI; 1993 [Foster et al. 1996] Indian River County - 1972 and 1978-79 [EEM] Martin County - 1993 [Foster et at. 1996] St. Lucie County - 1979 [EEM] Halipeurus gravis Timmermann 1961 Brevard County - 1972 [EEM1; 1993 [Foster et al. 19961 Indian River County - 1978-79 [EEMI Martin County - 1993 [Foster et al. 1996] 6 BULLETIN FLORIDA MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 39(1) St. Lucie County - 1979 Naubates harrisoni Bedford 1930 Brevard County - 1972 [EEM1; 1993 IFoster et al. 1996] Indian River County - 1978-79 [EEM] Martin County - 1993 [Foster et al. 1996] Saemundssonia peusi (Eichler 1949) Brevard County - 1972 [EEM]; 1993 [Foster et al. 1996] Martin County - 1978 [EEM]; 1993 [Foster et al. 1996] Trabeculus hexakon (Waterston 1914) Brevard County - 1972 [EEM]; 1993 [Foster et al. 1996] Indian River County - 1978-79 [EEM1 Martin County - 1978 [EEM]; 1993 [Foster et al. 19961 St. Lucie County -1979 [EEM] Audubon's Shearwater, PUBinus lherminieri Lesson Austromenopon paululum (Kellogg and Chapman 1899) Dade County - 1980 [EEM, USNM] Halipeurus spadix Timmermann 1961 Brevard County - 1980 [EEM, FSCA, USNM] Lee County - 1983 [FSCAl Naubates harrisoni Bedford 1930 Dade County - 1980 [EEM] Trabeculus mirabilis (Kellogg 1896) Dade County - 1980 [EEMI Hydrobatidae (Storm-Petrels) Leach's Storm-Petrel, Oceanodroma leucorhoa (Vieillot) Halipeurus pelagicus penny 1842) Martin County - 1993 PELECAN[FORMES (TOTIPALMATE SWIMMERS) Phaethontidae (Tropicbirds) White-tailed Tropicbird, Phaethon lepturus Daudin Saemundssonia uppalensis Mudow 1%10) Martin County - 1983 [FSCAl Red-billed Tropicbird, Phaethon aethereus Linnaeus Saemundssonia phaetona (Osborn 1890) Martin County - 1979 [EEM] Sulidae (Boobies and Gannets) Masked Booby, Sula dactylatra Lesson Eidmanniella albescens (Piaget 1880) Franklin County - 1983 Pectinopygus annulatus (Piaget 1880) Franklin County - 1983 Brown Booby, Sula leucogaster (Boddaert) FORRESTER ET AL.: CHEWING LICE FROM FLORIDA BIRDS 7 Pectinopygusgarbei (Pessoa and Guimaraes 1935) St. Lucie County - 1981 [EEM, FSCA, USNM] Northern Gannet, Morus bassanus (Linnaeus) Eidmanniella pustulosa (Nitzsch 1%66) Dade County - 1957 [FSCAl Indian River County - 1969, 1971, 1974-75 [EEM]; 1976, 1978-79; 1981 [USNM] Lee County - 1981 [EEM, FSCA] Martin County - 1978 [EEM]; 1993 Palm Beach County - 1988 Volusia County - 1927 [FSCA] Pectinopygus bassani (O. Fabricius 1780) Dade County - 1957 [FSCA] Indian River County - 1969, 1971, 1974-76, 1978-79 [EEM]; 1981 [EEM, FSCA] Lee County - 1981 [EEM, FSCA] Martin County - 1978 [EEM]; 1993 Palm Beach County - 1988, 1993 Volusia County - 1927 [FSCA, USNM] Pelecanidae (Pelicans) American White Pelican, Pelecanus erythrorhynchos Gmelin Colpocephalum uncgerum Kellogg 1896 Clay County - 1982 Lee County - 1981 [EEM, FSCA] Monroe County - 1957 [FSCA] Orange County - 1972 [EEM]; 1990 Pectinopygus tordolli Elbel and Emerson 1956 Clay County - 1982 Lee County - 1981 [EEM] Orange County - 1972 [EEM]; 1990 Piagetielia peralis (Leidy 1878) Lee County - 1993 Orange County - 1972, 1990 Brown Pelican, Pelecanus occidentalis Linnaeus Colpocephalum occidentalis Pdce 1961 Brevard County - 1972 Indian River County - 1976 [EEM] Lee County - 1980-82 and 1984-85 [EEM, FSCA] Pinellas County - 1930 [Price 1967]; 1973 Pectinopygus occidentalis Thompson 1948 Brevard County - 1972 [EEM] Indian River County - 1976 [EEM]; 1981 [EEM, FSCA] 8 BULLETIN FLORIDA MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 39(1) Lee County - 1980 and 1985 [EEM]; 1981-82 [EEM, FSCA]; 1984 [FSCA] Palm Beach County - 1973 [EEM] Pinellas County - 1930 BJSNM]; 1973 Piagetiella bursaepelecani (Perry 1816) Pinellas County - 1930 [USNM] Phalacrocoracidae (Cormorants) Double-crested Cormorant, Phalacrocorax auritus (Lesson) Eidmanniella pellucida (Rudo# 1%69) Indian River County - 1974 [EEM] Lee County - 1980 [EEM]; 1981 [EEM, FSCA] Monroe County - 1992 "West coast"- 1973-76 rrhrelfall 1982] Pectinopygus faralionii $ellogg 1896) Brevard County - 1976 [Threlfall 1982]; 1977 Lee County - 1979, 1981 [EEM, FSCA]; 1978, 1980 [EEM]; 1983-84 [FSCA] Monroe County - 1989, 1992 Pinellas County - 1929, 1931 [USNM]; 1931 [EEM] "West coast"- 1973-76 [Threlfall 19821 Piagetiella incomposita (Kellogg and Chapman 1899) Lee County - 1984 [EEM, FSCA] Monroe County - 1992 "West coast"- 1973-76 [Threlfall 1982] No specific locality or date given [Price 1970] Anhingidae (Darters) Anhingg Anhinga anhinga (Linnaeus) Ciconiphilus decimfasciatus (Boisduval and Lacordaire 1835) Indian River County - 1969 [EEM] Pectinopygus anhingae (Peters 1935) Indian River County - 1969 [EEM] Lee County - 1982-83 [EEM1 Fregatidae (Frigatebirds) Magnificent Frigatebird, Fregata magnificens Mathews Colpocephalum spineum Kellogg 1899 Levy County - 1956 [EEM, FSCA] Monroe County - 1977 Fregatiella aurifasciata (Kellogg 1899) Levy County - 1956 [EEM, FSCA] Pectinopygus fregatiphagus (Eichler 1943) Levy County - 1956 [EEM, FSCA, USNMI Monroe County - 1968 [EEM] FORRESTER ET AL.: CHEWING LICE FROM FLORIDA BIRDS 9 CICON[IFORMES (HERONS, IBISES, STORKS, ALLIES) Ardeidae (Herons, Egrets) Great Blue Heron, Ardea herodias Linnaeus Ardeicola cruscula Carriker 1960 Collier County - 1994 Glades County - 1976 Ciconiphilus decimfasciatus (Boisduval and Lacordaire 1835) Alachua County - 1994 Brevard County - 1969 Collier County - 1993-94 Lee County - 1985 [EEM] Monroe County - 1966 [EEM, USNM]; 1988-89, 1995 Okeechobee County - 1981 Osceola County - 1993 GreatWmteHeron,Ardea herodias occidentalis (Audubon) Ardeicola cruscula CarrRer 1960 Collier County - 1994 Monroe County - 1995 Ardeicola sp. Collier County - 1988 Dade County - 1988 Monroe County-1988 Palm Beach County - 1988 Ciconiphilus decin#sciatus (Boisduval and Lacordaire 1835) Collier County - 1988 Dade County - 1988 Monroe County - 1987-89, 1994-95 Wurdeman's Heron, A rdea herodias Linnaeus (a cross between the Great Blue Heron and the Great White Heron) Ardeicola cruscula Carraer 1960 Monroe County - 1995 Great Egret, Casmerodius albus (Linnaeus) Ardeicola expallidus magoveshtchensky 1940 Collier County - 1994 Dade County - 1993-94 Monroe County - 1987-89, 1994 Okeechobee County - 1990 Cicon*hi/us decimfasciatus (Boisduval and Lacordaire 1835) Collier County - 1995 Dade County - 1987, 1989, 1993-94 Monroe County - 1987-89, 1994 Okeechobee County - 1990 Palm Beach County - 1990 10 BULLETIN FLORIDA MUSEUMNATURAL HISTORY VOL. 39(1) Snowy Egret, Egretta thula (Molina) Ardeicola expallidus Blagoveshtchensky 1940 Collier County - 1993 Dade County - 1989 Monroe County - 1987-88, 1990 Okeechobee County - 1989-90 Ciconiphilus decimfasciatus (Boisduval and Lacordaire 1835) Collier County - 1993 Glades County - 1990 Indian River County - 1967; 1967-69,1972 [EEM] Lee County - 1979 [EEM] Monroe County - 1987-88 Okeechobee County - 1989-90 St. Lucie County - 1966 [EEM] Little Blue Heron, Egretta caerulea (Linnaeus) Ardeicola Jlorida Carriker 1960 Lee County - 1983 [EEM, FSCA] Monroe County - 1987-89 Palm Beach County - 1990 Ardeiphilus sp, Indian River County - 1972 [EEM] Ciconiphilus decimfasciatus (Boisduval and Lacordaire 1835) Collier County - 1992 Dade County - 1994 Indian River County - 1966 [EEM]; 1972, 1974 Lee County - 1979 [EEM, FSCA] Monroe County - 1988 St. Lucie County - 1966 Tricolored Heron, Egretta tricolor (Muller) Ardeicola nigra Tuff 1961 Dade County - 1989 Glades County - 1990 Indian River County - 1966 Lee County - 1983 [EEM] Monroe County - 1987-90 Ciconiphilus decimfasciatus (Boisduval and Lacordaire 1835) Indian River County - 1968, 1972 [EEM] Lee County - 1982 [EEM, FSCAl; 1983 [EEM] Monroe County - 1970, 1987-90 St. Lucie County - 1970 [EEM] Reddish Egret, Egretta rufescens (Gmelin) Ardeicola nigra Tuff 1961 Monroe County - 1978 [Conti et al. 19861; 1988 FORRESTER ET AL.: CHEWING LICE FROM FLORIDA BIRDS 11 Ciconiphilus decinfmciatus (Boisduval and Lacordaire 1835) Monroe County - 1978 [Conti et al. 1986] Cattle Egret, Bubulcus ibis (Linnaeus) Ardeicola expallidus Blagoveshtchensky 1940 Palm Beach County - 1989 Ardeiphilus sp. Indian River County - 1972 [EEM] Ciconiphilus decinfasciatus (Boisduval and Lacordaire 1835) Indian River County - 1969, 1972 [EEM] Palm Beach County - 1989 Green Heron, Butorides virescens (Linnaeus) Ciconiphilus butoridiphagus Carriker 1964 Indian River County - 1973 Black-crowned Night-Heron, Nycticorax nycticorax (Linnaeus) Ardeicola goisagi Uchida 1953 Lee County - 1989 Ciconiphilus decimfasciatus (Boisduval and Lacordaire 1835) St. Lucie County - 1966 [EEM] Threskiornithidae (Ibises, Spoonbills) White Ibis, Eudocimus albus (Linnaeus) Ardeicola elongata Carriker 1960 Broward County - 1978 Glades County - 1989 Indian River County - 1972 [EEM] Lee County - 1981, 1983 [EEM] Levy County - 1988 Monroe County - 1987 Okeechobee County - 1990 Ardeicola robusta Tuff 1961 Alachua County - 1971 [EEM, Forrester 19801 Broward County - 1978 Glades County - 1989 Indian River County - 1972 [EEM] Lee County - 1981 [EEM, FSCA]; 1983 [EEM] Levy County - 1988 Monroe County - 1987 Okeechobee County - 1990 Palm Beach County - 1989 Colpocephalumfusconigrum Giebel 1874 Alachua County - 1971 [EEM] Broward County - 1978 Glades County - 1989 Indian River County - 1972 [EEM] 12 BULLETIN FLORIDA MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 39(1) Lee County - 1981, 1983 [EEM] Levy County - 1988 Monroe County - 1987, 1989 Okeechobee County - 1990 Palm Beach County - 1989 Ibidoecus bimaculatus (Mjdberg 1910) Alachua County - 1971 [EEM] Broward County - 1978 Indian River County - 1969, 1972, 1976 [EEM] Lee County - 1981, 1983 [EEM1 Levy County - 1988 Monroe County - 1987, 1989 Okeechobee County - 1990 Palm Beach County - 1989 Pinellas County - 1932 [EEMI Plegadiphilus eudocimus Tuff 1965 Alachua County - 1971-72 [EEM, Forrester 1980] Glades County - 1989 Indian River County - 1972 [EEM] Lee County - 1981 [EEM, FSCA]; 1983 [EEMI Levy County - 1988 Monroe County - 1987-88 Okeechobee County - 1990 Palm Beach County - 1989 Glossy Ibis, Plegadisfalcinellus G.innacus) Ardeicola rhaphidius (Nitzsch 1866) Glades County - 1971 Colpocephalum /eptopygos Nitzsch 1874 Glades County - 1971 Ibidoecus bisignatus (Nitzsch 1866) Glades County - 1971 Plegadiphilusplegadis (Dubinin 1938) Glades County - 1971 Roseate Spoonbill, Ajaia ajaja (Linnaeus) Ardeicola ajajae Carriker 1961 Monroe County - 1918 [EEM]; 1987-92 No specific locality or date given [Hajela and Tandan 1970] Colpocephalum ajajae Ewing 1930 Lee County - 1982 [EEMI Monroe County - 1987-88, 1990 Eucolpocephalum femorale (Piaget 1880) Dade County - 1990 Monroe County - 1989-92 FORRESTER ET AL: CHEWING LICE FROM FLORIDA BIRDS 13 Ibidoecus iberoamericanus richler 1943 Dade County - 1990 Glades County - 1971 [EEM] Lee County - 1982-83 [EEM] Monroe County-1918 [USNM]; 1987-90 Ciconiidae (Storks) Wood Stork, A*cteria americana Linnaeus Ardeicola loculator (Giebel 1874) Alachua County - 1982 Broward County - 1963 [USNMI Collier County - 1993-94 Highlands County - 1960 [Tuff 1967] Indian River County - 1971 Lafayette County - 1984 Lee County - 1984; 1985 [EEM]: 1989 Monroe County - 1993 Orange County - 1984, 1994 Pasco County - 1975 St. Lucie County - 1978 No specific locality or date given [Kumar and Tandan 1971] Ciconiphilus quadripustulatus (Burmeister 1%38) Collier County - 1992-94 Dade County - 1979, 1992-93 Lee County - 1985 IEEM] Liberty County - 1991 Orange County - 1984, 1994 Pasco County - 1975 Colpocephalum mycteriae Price and Beer 1965 Indian River County - 1971 [EEM] Lee County - 1985 [EEM] Colpocephalum scalariforme Rudow 1%66 Bradford County - 1981 [EEM] Broward County - 1963 [Price and Beer 1965] Collier County - 1979, 1989, 1993-94 Highlands County - 1960 [Price and Beer 19651 Lee County - 1984; 1985 [EEM] Orange County - 1984, 1994 Pinellas County - 1929 [Price and Beer 19651 Neophilopterus heteropygus (Nitzsdh 1874) Bradford County - 1981 [EEM] Collier County - 1989, 1993-94 Dade County - 1979, 1992-93 Indian River County - 1971 [EEM] 14 BULLETIN FLORIDA MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 39(1) Lafayette County - 1984 Lee County - 1984; 1985 [EEM]; 1989 Levy County - 1989 Liberty County - 1991 Monroe County - 1993 Orange County - 1976 [EEMI; 1984, 1994 Pasco County - 1975 St. Lucie County - 1978 [EEM] PHOENICOPTERIFORMES (FLAMINGOS) Phoenicopteridae (Flamingos) Greater Flamingo, Phoenicopterus ruber Linnaeus Anaticola candidus gludow 1869) Dade County - 1956 [EEM] Colpocephalum heterosoma Piaget 1880 No specific locality or date given [Price and Beer 1965] ANSERIFORMES (SCREAMERS, SWANS, GEESE, DUCKS) Anatidae (Ducks, Geese) Fulvous Whistling-Duck, Dendroogna bicolor (VieilloO Acidoproctus rostratus Budow 1866) Palm Beach County - 1984-85 [Forrester et al. 1994]; 1985 [EEM] Anatoecus icterodes (Nitzsch 1818) Palm Beach County - 1984-85 [Forrester et al. 19941 Holomenopon leucoxanthum (Burmeister 1838) Palm Beach County - 1984-85 [Forrester et al. 1994] Trinoton aculeatum Piaget 1885 Palm Beach County - 1984-85 [Forrester et al. 19941 Wood Duck,Aix sponsa (Linnaeus) Anaticola crassicornis (Scopoli 1763) Alachua County - 1976-77 [Thul 19851 Hernando County - 1976-77 [Thul 1985] Leon County - 1976-77 [Thul 1985] Levy County - 1976-77 [Thui 1985] Anatoecus dentatus (Scopoli 1763) Dade County - 1927 [EEM, USNM] Gadsden County - 1976-77 [Thul 1985] Glades County - 1976-77 [Thul 1985] Hamilton County - 1976-77 [Thul 1985] Hernando County - 1976-77 [Thul 1985] Leon County - 1976-77 [Thul 1985] Holomenopon clauseni Pdce 1911 Alachua County - 1976-77 [Thul 1985] FORRESTER ET AL.: CHEWING LICE FROM FLORIDA BIRDS 15 Dade County - 1927 IEEE[, Price 1971] Gadsden County - 1976-77 [Thul 1985] Hamilton County - 1976-77 [Thul 1985] Hernando County - 1976-77 [Thul 19851 Leon County - 1976-77 [Thul 1985] Levy County - 1976-77 [Thul 1985] Trinoton querquedulae (Linnaeus 1758) Alachua County - 1976-77 [Thul 1985] Gadsden County - 1976-77 [Thul 1985] Hernando County - 1976-77 [Thul 1985] Jefferson County - 1926 [USNM] Leon County - 1976-77 [Thul 1985] American Black Duck, Anas rubripes Brewster Trinoton querquedulae (Linnaeus 1758) Dade County - 1919 [EEM] Mottled Duck,Anasfulvigula Ridgway Anatoecus icterodes (Nitzsch 1818) Glades County - 1971 Trinoton querquedulae (Linnaeus 1758) Glades County - 1970 [EEM] Mallard, Anasplatyrhynchos Linnaeus Anaticola crassicornis (Scopoli 1163) Dade County - 1919 [EEM] Northern Pintail, Anas acuta Linnaeus Trinoton querquedulae (Linnaeus 1758) Dade County - 1928 [USNM] Northern Shoveler, Anas clypeata Linnaeus Anticola crassicornis Eich\et 1954 Hamilton County - 1995 Anatoecus dentatus (Giebel 1874) Hamilton County - 1995 Trinoton querquedulae (Linnaeus 1758) Hamilton County - 1995 Ring-necked Duck, Aythya collaris (Donovan) Anticola crassicornis Eichler 1954 "Florida" - 1983 Holomenopon leucoxanthum (Burmeister 1838) Leon County - 1936 [USNM] "Florida" - 1983 Trinoton querquedulae GAnnaeus 1158) "Florida" - 1983 Lesser Scaup, Aythya agnis (Eyton) 16 BULLETIN FLORIDA MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 39(1) Trinoton querquedulae (Linnaeus 1758) Indian River County - 1973 Black Scoter, Melanitta nigra (Linnaeus) Anatoecus icterodes (Nitzsch 1818) Lee County - 1982 [EEM, FSCA] Anaticola crassicomis (Scopoli 1763) Lee County - 1982 [EEM, FSCA] Holomenopon leucoxanthum (Burmeister 1838) Lee County - 1982 [EEM, FSCA] Surf Scoter, Melanitta perspicillata CAnnaeus) Anatoecus sp Dade County - 1919 [EEMI Bufflehead, Bucepha/a albeola (Linnaeus) Anaticola crassicornis (ScopoR 1163) Dade County - 1919 [USNM] Red-breasted Merganser, Mergus serrator Linnaeus Anaticola crassicornis (Scopoli 1763) Dade County - 1919 [EEMI Lee County - 1982 [FSCA]; 1986 [EEM] Anatoecus icterodes (Nitzsch 1818) Lee County - 1986 [EEM] Anatoecus sp. Indian River County - 1973 Trinoton querquedulae (Linnaeus 1758) Lee County - 1982 [EEM, FSCAl; 1986 [EEM] Monroe County - 1953 [FSCA]; 1974 [EEM] No specific locality or date given [Peters 1936] Ruddy Duck, Oxyurajamaicensis (Gmelin) Anaticola crassicornis (Scopoli 1763) Lee County - 1982 [EEM, FSCA] Holomenopon leucoxanthum (Burmeister 1838) Lee County - 1982 [EEM, FSCA] FALCONIFORMES (DRJRNAL BIRDS OF PREY) Cathartidae (American Vultures) Black Vulture, Coragyps atratus Bechstein) Colpocephalumfoetens (Eichler 1954) Alachua County - 1953 [FSCAl Leon County - 1936 [USNM] Cuculiphilus alternatus (Osborn 1902) Alachua County - 1953 [FSCAl Leon County - 1936 [USNM] Pinellas County - 1929 [USNM] FORRESTER ET AL: CHEWING LICE FROM FLORIDA BIRDS 17 No specific locality or date given [Peters 1936] Falcolipeurus marginalis COsborn 1902) Alachua County - 1953 [FSCAl; 1972 Leon County - 1936 [USNM] Pasco County - 1965 Laemobothrion glutinans Nitzsch 1861 Alachua County - 1973 Pinellas County - 1929 [USNM] No specific locality or date given [Peters 1936] Turkey Vulture, Cathartes aura (Linnaeus) Colpocephalum kelloggi Oshm 1902 Alachua County - 1953 [FSCAl Brevard County - 1936 [USNM] Collier County - 1937 [USNM] Dade County - 1917 [USNM]; 1980 [EEM, Y.O. Willis pers. comm.] Cuculiphilus alternatus (Osborn 1902) Alachua County - 1953 [FSCA] Dade County - 1980 [Y.O. Willis pers. comm.] Falcolipeurus marginalis (Osborn 1902) Alachua County - 1953 [FSCA] Dade County - 1980 [EEM, Y.O. Willis pers. comm.] No specific locality or date given [Peters 1936] Laemobothrion glutinans Nitzsch 1861 Alachua County - 1953 [EEM, FSCA] Dade County - 1980 [EEM, Y.O. Willis pers. comm.] Monroe County - 1937 [USNM] Osceola County - 1933 [EEM, USNM]; 1934 [EEM] No specific locality or date given [Peters 1936] Accipitridae (Kites, Eagles, Hawks) Osprey, Pandion hatiaetus (Linnaeus) Kurodaia haliaeeti 6)enny 1842) Alachua County - 1934 [USNM] Dade County - 1991 [EEM] Highlands County - 1979 [FSCA] Lake County - 1974 [J.W. Mertins pers. comm.1 Lee County - 1983 [EEM, FSCA]; 1985 [EEMI Pinellas County - 1929 [USNM]; 1975 [J.W. Mettins pers. comm.] No specific locality or date given [Peters 1936] American Swallow-tailed Kite, Elanoides»yicatus (Linnaeus) Colpocephalum osborni Kellogg 1896 Collier County - 1989,1992 Monroe County - 1988 18 BULLETIN FLORIDA MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 39(1) Cuculiphilus decoratus (*ellogg 1896) Collier County - 1989 Dade County - 1988 [EEMI Degeeriella guimaraesi Clay 1958 Collier County - 1992 No specific locality or date given [EEM, Clay 19581 Snail Kite, Rostrhamus sociabilis (VieilloO Colpocephalum turbinatum Denny 1842 Broward County - 1993 Indian River County - 1973 [Sykes and Forrester 19831 Osceola County - 1995 Craspedorrhynchus obscurus (Giebel 1874) Broward County - 1993 Osceola County - 1995 Palm Beach County - 1993 No specific locality or date given [Malcomson 19601 Falcolipeurus quadriguttatus (Giebel 1874) Indian River County - 1973 [EEM, Sykes and Forrester 19831; 1995 Mississippi Kile, Ictinia mississippiensis (Wilson) Laemobothrion maximum (Scopoli 1763) Leon County - 1926, 1960 [USNMI BaldEaSe, Haliaeetus leucocephalus GAnnaeus) Colpocephalum jlavescens (deRaan 1829) Alachua County - 1972 [EEM] Leon County - 1938 [USNM] Polk County - 1985 [B.N. Tuggle pers. comm.] Colpocephalum turbinatum Denny 1842 Alachua County - 1994 Dade County - 1917 [EEM, USNMI Lee County - 1980 [EEM1; 1985 [EEM, FSCA] Craspedorrhynchus halieti (Osborn 1896) Alachua County - 1994 Dade County - 1917 [EEM]; 1973 Flagler County - 1978 [B.N. Tuggle pers. comm.] Highlands County - 1981 [B.N. Tuggle pers. comm.] Hillsborough County - 1948 [EEM, USNM] Leon County - 1938 [USNM] Orange County - 1979 [B.N. Tuggle pers. comm.] Polk County - 1977; 1985 [B.N.Tuggle pers. comm.1 Seminole County - 1979 [B.N. Tuggle pers. comm.] Volusia County - 1982 [13.N. Tuggle pers. comm.] No specific locality or date given[Osborn 1896, Kellogg 1899] FORRESTER ET AL.: CHEWING LICE FROM FLORIDA BIRDS 19 Degeeriella discocephalus Burmeister 1838) Leon County - 1938 [USNMI Kurodaia Bivofasciata (Piaget 1880) Marion County - 1954 [FSCA] Laemobothrion vulturis 0. C. Fabricius 1715) Collier County - 1987 Dade County - 1917 [EEM] Leon County - 1938 [USNM] Osceola County - 1993 Northern Harrier, Circus cyaneus (Linnaeus) Degeeriellafusca (Denny 1842) Dade County - 1918 [USNM] CoopetsHawk,Accipiter cooperii Bonaparte) Craspedorrhynchus subhaematopus Emerson 1960 Leon County - 1925 [EEM, Emerson 1960a] Northern Goshawk, Accipiter gentilis (Linnaeus) Colpocepholum nanum Piaget 1890 Dade County - 1918 [USNM] Red-shouldered Hawk, Buteo lineatus (Gmelin) Craspedorrhynchus buteonis (Packard 1811) Collier County - 1956 [FSCA] Lee County - 1983 [EEM] Pinellas County - 1929 [EEM] Taylor County - 1977 Colpocephalum napiforme Rudow 1869 Columbia County - 1985 Degeeriellafulva (Giebel 1874) Bradford - 1979 [EEM] Lee County - 1982-83, 1985 [EEM] Monroe County - 1978 [EEM]; No date given [USNM] Taylor County - 1976-77 Kurodaiafulvofasciata (Piaget 1880) Collier County - 1956 [FSCA] Broad-winged Hawk, Buteo platypterus (Vieillot) Laemobothrion maximum (Scopoli 1763) Monroe County - 1987 [EEM] Short-tailed Hawk, Buteo brachyurus Vieillot Craspedorrhynchus sp. Dade County - 1956 [FSCAl Red-tailed Hawk, Buteojamaicensis (Gmelin) Colpocephalum napgorme Rudow 1869 Dade County - 1939 BJSNM] 20 BULLETIN FLORIDA MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 39(1) Craspedorrhynchus americanus Emerson 1960 Dade County - 1916 [USNM] St. Johns County -1936 [USNM] Degeeriella fulva (Giebel 1814) Alachua County - 1976 Orange County - 1982 [EEM, USNM] Seminole County - 1988 Kurodaia futvofasciata (Piaget 1880) Dade County - 1916 [EEM, USNM] Falconidae (Caracaras, Falcons) Crested Caracan, Caracara plancus (Miller) A cut(/i~ons mexicanus Emerson 1966 Highlands County - 1992 "South Florida" - 1974 [EEM] Colpocephalum polybori Rudow 1869 Gla(les County - 1974, 1976, 1981 [J.N. Layne pers. comm.]; 1978 [EEM, FSCA, J.N. Layne pers. comm.]; 1992 Highlands County - 1974, 1981 [FSCA, J.N. Layne pers. comm.1; 1975, 1978 IEEM, J.N.layne pers. comm.]; 1976 [FSCA]; 1981 [EEM, FSCA, J.N. Layne pers. comm.] Okeechobee County - 1992 [J.W. Mertins pers. comm.] Falcolipeurusjosephi Tandan and Dhanda 1963 No specific locality or date given [Tandan and Dhanda 1963] Laemobothrion maximum (Scopoli 1763) "Florida" - 1945 [FSCA] American Kestrel, Falco sparverius Linnaeus Degeeriella carruthi Emerson 1953 Alachua County - 1925 [FSCA]; 1987 Brevard County - 1973 Clay County - 1982 [EEM, FSCAl Indian River County - 1970 Nosopon lucidum (Rudow 1869) Alachua County - 1987 GALLIFORMES (GALLINACEOUS BIRDS) Phasianidae (Turkeys, Quail) Domestic Chicken, GaUus gaUus (Linnaeus) Gonicotes gallinae (deGeer 1718) Indian River County - 1972 Lipeurus caponis (Linnaeus 1758) Indian River County - 1969 Menacanthus pallidulus (Neumann 1912) Alachua County - 1943 [EEM] FORRESTER ET AL: CHEWING LICE FROM FLORIDA BIRDS 21 Menopon gallinae GAnnaeus 1158) Indian River County - 1969; 1972 [EEM] Wild Turkey, Meleagris gallopavo Linnaeus Chelopistes meleagridis CAnnaeus 1758) Alachua County - 1978 Duval County - 1967 [AR. Gerrish pers. comm.]; 1972, 1974, 1976-77, and 1981; 1974, 1977 [EEM] Escambia County - 1984 Flagler County - 1983 Gadsden County - 1982 [EEM] Glades County - 1970-72, 1974-75, 1977-79, 1982-83; 1977, 1982 [EEM] Hend~y County - 1970 [EEM]; 1970, 1976 Levy County - 1971 [EEMI; 1971, 1977-78 Manatee County - 1977 Osceola County - 1971, 1975 Menacanthus stramineus (Nitzsch 1818) Alachua County - 1978 [EEM] Citrus County - 1987 Duval County - 1967 [R.& Gerrish pers. comm.]; 1972 [EEM]; 1972, 1974,1977,1981 Escambia County -1984 Flagler County - 1983 [EEM] Gadsden County - 1982 [EEMI Glades County - 1970-71, 1973-75, 1977-79, 1982; 1977 [EEM] Hendry County - 1970 [EEM]; 1970, 1976 Leon County - 1979 Levy County - 1978 [EEM] Osceola County - 1971,1975 Oxylipeurus corpulentus Clay 1938 Citrus County - 1987 Duval County - 1977 [EEM]; 1974, 1977 Glades County - 1977-78, 1983; 1971, 1973, 1979, 1982 [EEM] Hendry County - 1976 [EEM] Levy County - 1977; 1978 [EEM] Manatee County - 1977 Osceola County - 1971 [EEM]; 1975 Sarasota County - 1970 Oxylipeurus polytrapezius (Burmeister 1838) Alachua County - 1970 BJSNM]; 1978 Citrus County - 1987 Collier County - 1919 [USNM] 22 BULLETIN FLORIDA MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 39(1) Duval County - 1967 [R.R. Gerrish pers. comm.]; 1972, 1974, 1977-78, 1981; 1976 [EEM] Escambia County -1984 Gadsden County - 1982 [EEM] Glades County - 1970 [USNM]; 1970-71, 1973-74, 1977-79; 1975, 1982-83 [EEM] Leon County - 1971 [USNM] Levy County - 1977-78 [EEMI Orange County - 1936 [EEM, USNM] Sarasota County - 1970 [USNM] No specific locality or date given [Emerson 1951] Northern Bobwhite, Co/inus virginianus (Linnaeus) Colinicola numidiana (Denny 1842) Charlotte County - 1974 [Doster et al. 1980] Jefferson County - 1925 [Stoddard 1931] Leon County - 1968 [USNM]; 1968-75 poster et al. 1980] No specific locality or date given [Emerson 1951] Goniodes ortygis Denny 1842 Charlotte County - 1974 [Doster et al. 19801 Jefferson County - 1926 [USNM] Leon County - 1927 [USNM]; 1968-75 [Doster et al. 1980] Palm Beach County - 1969 [Doster et al. 1980] No specific locality or date given [Emerson 19511 Menacanthus pricei Wiseman 1968 Jefferson County - 1926 [EEM, Stoddard 19311 Leon County - 1968 [USNM]; 1968-75 [Doster et al. 19801 Oxylipeurus clavatus (McGregor 1917) Charlotte County - 1974 [Doster et al. 1980] Jefferson County - 1926 [USNM] Leon County - 1968 [USNM1; 1968-75 [Doster et al. 1980]; No date given [Stoddard 1931] Palm Beach County - 1969 [Doster et at. 19801 GRUIFORMES (CRANES, RAILS, ALLIES) Rallidae (Rails, Gallinules, Coots) Yellow Rail, Coturnicops noveboracensis (Gmelin) Fulicofula sp. Dade County - 1929 [EEMI Clapper Rai\, Rallus longirostris Boddaert Pseudomenopon scopulacorne (Denny 1842) Lee County - 1982, 1984 [EEM]; 1982 [FSCA] Volusia County - 1939 [USNMI FORRESTER ET AL.: CHEWING LICE FROM FLORIDA BIRDS 23 RaUico/a calgomicus (Kellogg and Chapman 1899) Lee County - 1982 [EEM, FSCAl Volusia County - 1939 [USNM] No specific locality or date given [EEM, Emerson 1955] Sora, Ponana carolina (Linnaeus) Fulicofula distincta Emerson 1960 Dade County - 1919 [EEM, USNMI; 1930 [EEM, Emerson 196Ob] Pseudomenopon scopulacorne (Denny 1842) Dade County - 1919 [EEM, USNM]; 1925 [EEM] Purple Gamnde, Porphyrula martinica (Unnaeus) Pseudomenopon pilosum (Scopoli 1763) Lee County - 1982 [EEM, FSCA] Rallicola elliotti Emerson 1955 Lee County - 1979 [EEM]; 1982 [EEM, FSCA] Common Moorhen, Galhnula chloropus (Linneaus) Laemobothrion chloropodis (Schrark 1%03) Alachua County - 1971 [EEM] Lee County - 1983 [EEM] Pseudomenopon pilosum (Scopoli 1763) Alachua County - 1971 [EEM] Dade County - 1929 [EEM] Lee County - 1983 [EEM, FSCAl Rallicola minutus (Nitach 1866) Dade County - 1929 [EEM] Lee County - 1982 [FSCA] American Coot, Fulica americana Gmelin Fulicofula longipila Ofellogg 1%96) Lee County - 1979 [EEM] Incidifrons transpositus (Kellogg 1896) Alachua County - 1972 Lee County - 1979 [EEM]; 1981 [EEM, FSCA] Laemobothrion atrum (Nitzsch 1818) Alachua County - 1971 Pseudomenopon pilosum (Scopoli 1763) Alachua County - 1971 [EEM1; 1972 Indian River County - 1973 [EEM] Lee County - 1979, 1981 [EEM] Rallicola advenus (Kellogg 1896) Alachua County - 1972 Indian River County - 1973 [EEM] Lee County - 1979, 1981 [EEM1; 1981-82 [FSCAl 24 BULLETIN FLORIDA MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 39(1) Aramidae (Limpkins) Limpkin, Aramus guarauna (Linnaeus) Ibidoecus scolopaceua Carriker 1947 Hernando County - 1929 [USNM] Indian River County - 1971 Laemobothrion cubense Kellogg and Ferris 1915 Hernando County - 1929 [USNM] Indian River County - 1971 Lake County - 1980 [Conti et at. 19851 Marion County - 1975 [EEM, Conti et al. 19851; 1976 [Conti et al. 19851 Monroe County - 1929 [EEM] "Florida" - 1921 No specific locality or date given [Peters 1936] Rallicola funebris (Nitach 1866) Indian River County - 1971 [EEM] Lake County - 1980 [Conti et al. 19851 Marion County - 1975 [EEM, Conti et al. 1985]; 1976 [Conti et al. 1985] Monroe County - 1929 [EEM] Gruidae (Cranes) Sandhill Crane, Grus canadensis (Linnaeus) Esthiopterum brevicephalum (McGregor 1917) Alachua County - 1973 [EEM]; 1974, 1976-77 Glades County - 1970 [EEM] Osceola County - 1986, 1993-94 Sarasota County - 1972 [EEM] Taylor County - 1986 Gruimenopon canadense Edwards 1949 Alachua County - 1970, 1973, 1977, 1979; 1973 [EEM] Glades County - 1970 [EEM1 Osceola County - 1992-94 Taylor County - 1986 Volusia County - 1993 Heleonomus assimilis (Piaget 1880) Alachua County - 1974, 1977 Glades County - 1970 DEEM] Highlands County - 1979 [EEM, FSCA] Osceola County - 1986, 1992-94 Saemundssonia sagulata Timmermann 1911 Alachua County - 1973 [EEM]; 1976-77 Osceola County - 1994 Sarasota County - 1972 FORRESTER ET AL.: CHEWING LICE FROM FLORIDA BIRDS 25 "Florida" - 1882 [Timmermann 19711 Whooping Crane, Grus americana (Linnaeus) Heleonomus assimilis (Piaget 1880) Osceola County - 1994 (Host had been hatched and reared in captivity and was introduced into Osceola County in November of 1993; found dead and examined in September of 1994 at which time these lice were found.) CHARADRIIFORMES (SHOREBIRDS, GULLS, ALLIES) Charadriidae (Plovers) Snowy P\over, Charadrius alexandrinus Linrmeus Quadraceps macrocephalus (Waterston 1914) Hillsborough County - 1932 [USNM] Saemundssonia platygaster pastoris Timmermann 1969 Hillsborough County - 1932 [EEM, USNM] Wilson's Plover, Charadrius wilsonia Ord Quadraceps macrocephalus (Waterston 1914) Pinellas County - 1934 [USNM] Saemundssonia platygaster platygaster (Denny 1842) Monroe County - 1939 [EEM] Piping Plover, Charadrius melodus Ord Quadraceps macrocephalus (Waterston 1914) Indian River County - 1967 Killdeer, Charadrius vocuerus Linnaeus Actornithophilus hoplopteri (M~erg 1910) Brevard County - 1957 [FSCA] Glades County - 1977, 1983 Austromenopon aegialitidis gurrant 1906) Dade County - 1930 [USNMI Lee County - 1937 [USNM] Quadraceps boephilus (Kellogg 1896) Glades County - 1977, 1983 Dade County - 1930 [USNM] Lee County - 1937 [USNM] Saemundssonia conica conica (Denny 1842) Dade County - 1930 [EEM] Haematopodidae (Oystercatchers) American Oystercatcher, Haematopus palliatus Temminck Actornithophilus grandiceps (Piaget 1880) Dade County - 1919 [EEM, USNM] Quadraceps auratus (deH,241829) Dade County - 1919 [EEM, USNMI 26 BULLETIN FLORIDA MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 39(1) Saemundssonia haematopi (Linnaeus 1758) Dade County - 1919 [EEM, USNM]; 1929 [EEM] Recurvirostridae (Stilts, Avocets) Black-necked Stilt, Himantopus mexicanus (Moller) Quadraceps hemichrous (Nitzsch 1866) Dade County - 1924 [EEM] Quadraceps semifissus (Nitzsch 1866) Dade County - 1924 [EEM] American Avoc« Recurvirostra americana Gmelin Cirrophthirius testudinarius (Chndren 1836) Dade County - 1956 [FSCA] Quadraceps zephyra (Timmermann 1954) Dade County - 1956 [FSCA] Jacanidae (Jacanas) Northern Jacana, Jacana spinosa (Linnaeus) Rallicola exiguifrons (CarTiker 1944) Dade County - 1930 [EEM, USNM] Scolopacidae (Sandpipers, Phalaropes) Willet, Catoptrophorus semipahnatus (Gmelin) Actornithophilus lacustris Clay 1962 Lee County - 1981-82, 1985 [EEM] Levy County - 1957 [FSCAl Austromenopon sachtlebeni Timmermann 1954 Lee County - 1982, 1985 [EEM] Levy County - 1957 [FSCAl Quadraceps carrikeri Hopkins and Timmermann 1954 Lee County - 1981-82, 1985 [EEM] Pinellas County - 1930 [USNM] Spotted Sandpiper, Actitis macularia (Linnaeus) Quadraceps ravus (Kellogg 1899) Dade County - 1917 [EEM] Whimbrel, Numenius phaeopus (Linnaeus) Saemundssonia s. scolopacisphaeopodis (Schrank 1803) No specific locality or date given [Peters 19361 Ruddy Turnstone, Arenaria interpres (Linnaeus) Actornithophilus sp. No specific locality or date given [Peters 1936] Quadraceps strepsilaris (Denny 1842) Brevard County - 1957 [FSCA] Red Knot, Calidris canutus (Linnaeus) Actornithophilus umbrinus (Burmeister 1838) Lee County - 1985-86 [EEMI Pinellas County - 1973 FORRESTER ET AL.: CHEWING LICE FROM FLORIDA BIRDS 27 Volusia County - 1938 [USNM] No specific locality or date given [Peters 19361 A ctornithophilus canuti Price and Leibovitz 1969 Dade County - 1924 [EEM] Austromenopon lutescens (Burmeister 1838) Dade County - 1924 [EEM] Pinellas County - 1973 Carduiceps zonarius (Nitzsch 1866) Brevard County - 1957 [FSCA] Lee County - 1983 [EEM] Pinellas County - 1975-76 Volusia County - 1930, 1938 [USNM] No specific locality or date given [Peters 1936] Lunaceps drosti Timmermann 1954 Brevard County - 1957 [FSCAl Dade County - 1924 [EEM] Lee County - 1983 [EEM] Pinellas County - 1973, 1975-76 Saemundssonia platygaster islandica Timmermann 1951 Pinellas County - 1930 [USNM] Saemundssonia tringae (O. Fabricius 1780) Pinellas County - 1931 [USNM] Sanderling, Calidris alba (Pallas) Actornithophilus umbrinus (Burmeister 1838) Indian River County - 1967, 1975 Lee County - 1985 [EEM] Carduiceps zonarius (Nitzsch 1866) Indian River County - 1975 Lee County - 1982 [EEM, FSCA] No specific locality or date given [Peters 1936] Luniceps actophilus (Kellogg and Chapman 1899) Indian River County - 1975 Lee County - 1982 [EEM, FSCA] Semipalmated Sandpiper, CalidrispusiUa (Linnaeus) Actornithophilus umbrinus (Burmeister 1838) Volusia County - 1957 [FSCAl Lunaceps cabanisi Timmermann 1954 Volusia County - 1957 [FSCAl Western Sandpiper, Cahdris mauri (Cabanis) Actornithophilus umbrinus (Burmeister 1838) Indian River County - 1967, 1975 [EEM] Carduiceps zonarius (Nitzsch 1866) Lee County - 1982 [EEM] 28 BULLETIN FLORIDA MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 39(1) No specific locality or date given [Peters 1936] Lunaceps cabansi Timmermann 1954 Lee County - 1982 [EEM] No specific locality or date given IPeters 19361 Least Sandpiper, Calidris minutilla (Vieillot) Actornithophilus umbrinus (Burmeister 1838) Dade County - 1917 [EEM] Volusia County - 1938 [USNM] No specific locality or date given [Peters 1936] Carduiceps zonarius (Nitzsch 1866) Volusia County - 1938 [USNM] Saemundssonia tringae (O. Fabricius 1780) Dade County - 1917 [EEMI Dmmn, Calidris alpina «Annaeus) Actornithophilus umbrinus Burmeister 1838) Indian River County - 1968 Lee County - 1978 [EEM] No specific locality or date given [Peters 1936] Carduiceps meinertzhageni Timmermann 1954 Lee County - 1978 [EEM] No specific locality or date given [Peters 1936] Lunaceps nereis Timmermann 1954 No specific locality or date given [Peters 1936] Stilt Sandpiper, Calidris himantopus (Bonaparte) Carduiceps zonarius Olitzsch 1866) Dade County - 1919 [EEM] Lunaceps nereis Timmermann 1954 Dade County - 1919 [EEM] Short-billed Dowitcher, Limnodromus griseus (Gmelin) Actornithophilus limarius Clay 1962 No specific locality or date given [Peters 1936] Quadraceps nigrolimbatus (Mjdberg 1915 Levy County - 1957 [FSCA] Saemundssonia tringae (O. Fabricius 1780) Levy County - 1957 [EEM] Common Snipe, Gallinago gallinago (Linnaeus) Rhynoninnus scolopacis (Denny 1842) Dade County - 1929 American Woodcock, Scolopax minor Gmelin Rhynonirmus parsonsae Clay 1961 Dade County - 1930 [EEM, USNM] Laridae (Skuas, Gulls, Terns, Skimmers) Laughing Gull, Larus atricilla Linnaeus FORRESTER ET AL: CHEWING LICE FROM FLORIDA BIRDS 29 Actomithophilus piceus lari 6?ackard 1870) Lee County - 1980 [EEM] Pinellas County - 1965 Austromenopon transversum (Denny 1842) Lee County - 1980-81 [EEM, FSCA] Quadracepspunctatus punctatus (Burmeister 1838) Dade County - 1929 [EEM] Lee County - 1980-81 [EEM]; 1980 [EEM, FSCA]; 1982 [FSCA] Saemundssonia lari (C). Fabricius 1780) Lee County - 1980 [EEM]; 1981 [EEM, FSCA] Pinellas County - 1965 St. Lucie County - 1976-77 [EEM] No specific locality or date given [Peters 1936] Bonaparte's Gull, Larus philadelphia (Ord) Saemundssonia lori (O. Fabricius 1780) St. Lucie County - 1973 Ring-billed Gull, Larus delawarensis Ord Austromenopon transversum 6)enny 1842) Lee County - 1982 [FSCA] Quadraceps punctatus sublingulatus Timmermann 1952 Lee County - 1980 [EEM]; 1982 IEEM, FSCA] Saemundssonia lari CO. Fabricius 1780) Indian River County - 1968, 1976 [EEM] Lee County - 1980-81 [EEM]; 1982-83 [EEM, FSCA] Levy County - 1957 [FSCA] Herring Gull, Larus argentatus Pontoppidan Actornithophillus piceus tari (Packard 1810) Lee County - 1981 [EEM] Volusia County - 1940 [EEM] No specific locality or date given [Peters 1936] A ustromenopon transversum (Denny 1842) Franklin County - 1937 [USNMI Lee County - 1982 [FSCA] Volusia County - 1940 [EEM] Quadraceps ornatus striolatus (Nitzsch 1%66) Lee County - 1984 [FSCA] No specific locality or date given [Peters 1936] Quadraceps punctatus regressus Timmermann 1952 Lee County - 1984 [FSCA] Volusia County - 1940 [EEM] Saemundssonia lari (0. Fabricius 1780) Brevard County - 1977 [EEM] Franklin County - 1937 [USNM] 30 BULLETIN FLORIDA MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 39(1) Lee County - 1981 [EEM]; 1984 [EEM, FSCA] Orange County - 1978 [EEM] Volusia County - 1940 [EEM] No specific locality or date given [Peters 1936] Great Black-backed Gull, Lam marinus Linnaeus Saemundssonia /ari (O. Fabricius 1780) St. Lucie County - 1979 [EEM] Caspian Tern, Sterna caspia Pallas Quadraceps caspius (Giebel 1874) Indian River County - 1975, 1978 Saemundssonia sp. Indian River County - 1975 [EEM]; 1978 Royal Tern, Sterna maxima Boddaert Actomithophilus piceus piceus (Denny 1842) Pinellas County - 1929 [USNM1 No specific locality or date given [Peters 1936] Austromenopon atrofulvum (Piaget 1880) Lee County - 1980-81 [EEM] Quadraceps proestans (Kellogg 1896) Brevard County - 1972 [EEM1 Lee County - 1978 [EEM]; 1980-82 [EEM, FSCA] Nassau County - 1974 [EEM] Saemundssonia laticaudata (Rudow 1869) Brevard County - 1972 Indian River County - 1968, 1979 [EEMI Lee County - 1980 [FSCAl; 1981-82, 1984 [EEM, FSCA] Nassau County - 1974 [EEM] Pinellas County - 1930 [FSCA, USNM]; No date given [Ward 1955] St. Lucie County - 1972 [EEM] Sandwich Tern, Sterna sandvicensis Latham Austromenopon atrofulvum (Piaget 1880) Lee County - 1980 [EEM]; 1981 [EEM, FSCA] Quadraceps longicollis qudow 1869) Lee County - 1981 [EEM, FSCA] Saemundssonia laticaudata (Rudow 1869) Lee County - 1982 [FSCA] Common Tern, Sterna hirundo Linnaeus Austromenopon atrofulvum (Piaget 1880) Martin County - 1974 [EEM] Quadraceps sellatus (Burmeister 1838) Indian River County - 1967; 1981 [EEM, FSCA, USNM] Martin County - 1974 [EEM] FORRESTER ET AL: CHEWING LICE FROM FLORIDA BIRDS 31 Saemundssonia sternae 6.innaeus 1158) Indian River County - 1967 [EEM]; 1981 [EEM, FSCA, USNM] Martin County - 1974 [EEMI Arctic Tern, Sterna paradisaea Pontoppidan Saemundssonia lockeyi Clay 1949 Volusia County - 1977 Forster's Tern, Stemaforsteri Nuttall Actornithophilus piceus piceus genny 1842) Pinellas County - 1931 [USNMI No specific locality or date given [Peters 1936] Saemundssonia parvigenitalis Ward 1955 Pinellas County - 1931 [EEM1; No date given [EEM, Ward 19551 LeastTem, Sterna antillarum (Lesson) Actornithophilus piceus piceus (Denny 1842) Pinellas County - 1976 Quardraceps nychthemerus (Burmeister 1838) Indian River County - 1966 [EEM] Pinellas County - 1976 Saemundssonia melanocephala Burmeister 1%38) Collier County - 1955 [FSCA] Indian River County - 1966 [EEM] No specific locality or date given [Peters 1936] Bridled Tern, Sterna anaethetus Scopoli Saemundssonia meridiana Timmermann 1950 St. Lucie County - 1976 Sooty Tern, Stemafuscata Linnaeus A ustromenopon atrofulvum (Piaget 1880) Monroe County - 1977; 1978 [EEM] Quadraceps birostris (Giebel 1874) Indian River County - 1970 [EEM]; 1974 Lee County - 1982 [EEM, FSCA] Monroe County - 1963 [FSCA]; 1968, 1976-78 [EEM1 No specific locality or date given [Peters 1936] Saemundssonia albemarlensis (Kellogg and¥.uwana 1902) Indian River County - 1970 [EEM] Lee County - 1982 [EEM, FSCA] Monroe County - 1963 [FSCA]; 1968, 1976-77 [EEM] Black Tern, Chlidonias niger (Linnaeus) Quadraceps phaeonotus (Nitzsch 1866) Dade County - 1919 [EEM] Saemundssonia lobaticeps (Giebel 1874) Dade County - 1919 [EEM]; 1955 [FSCA] Brown Noddy, Anous stolidus (Linnaeus) 32 BULLETIN FLORIDA MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 39(1) Actornithophilus incisus (Piaget 1880) Lee County - 1985 [EEM, FSCA] Quadraceps separatus (Kellogg and Kuwana 1902) Lee County - 1985 [EEMI Monroe County - 1977 Saemundssonia remota Timmermann 1951 Monroe County - 1976 [EEM] Black Skimmer, Rynchops niger Linnaeus Quadraceps elongatus (Piaget 1885) Dade County - 1929 [USNMI Indian River County - 1968,1978 [EEM] Lee County - 1981, 1983 [EEM, FSCA]; 1984 [EEM] Nassau County - 1974 [EEM] Orange County - 1983 Seminole County - 1983 St. John's County - 1964 [EEM, FSCA] St. Lucie County - 1981 [FSCAl Saemundssonia anisorhamphos Timmermann 1951 Lee County - 1983 [EEM] Alcidae (Auks, Murres, Puffins) Dovekie, Alle alle (Linnaeus) Austromenopon merguli Timmermann 1954 St. Lucie County - 1966 [EEM] Quadraceps klatti Timmermann 1954 St. Lucie County - 1966 [EEMI Saemundssonia merguli (Denny 1842) St. Lucie County - 1966 [EEM] COLUMBIFORMES (PIGEONS, DOVES) Columbidae (Pigeons, Doves) Rock Dove, Coh#nba livia Gmelin Campanulotes compar (Burmeister 1838) Indian River County - 1972 [EEM] Columbicola columbae (Linnaeus 1758) Indian River County - 1972 [EEMI Scaly-naped Pigeon, Columba squamosa Bonnaterre Columbicola macrourae (Wilson 1941) Dade County - 1930 [EEMI Hohorstielia sp. Dade County - 1930 [EEM] White-crowned Pigeon, Columba /eucocephala Linnaeus Columbicola macrourae (Wilson 1941) Monroe County - 1988 FORRESTER ET AL: CHEWING LICE FROM FLORIDA BIRDS 33 Physconelloides sp. Monroe County - 1988 White-winged Dove, Zenaida asiatica (Linnaeus) Bonomiella sp. Dade County - 1977-78 IEEE[, Conti and Forrester 1981] Columbico/a macrourae (Wilson 1941) Dade County - 1977-78 [Conti and Forrester 19811 Hohorstiella paladinella Hm andTuff 1918 Dade County - 1977-78 [EEM, Conti and Forrester 1981] Hohorstiella sp. Dade County - 1977-78 [Conti and Forrester 19811 Physconelloides wisemani Emerson 1960 Dade County - 1977-78 [EEM, Conti and Forrester 1981] Mourning Dove, Zenaida macroura (Linnaeus) Bonomiella columbae Emerson 1957 Alachua County - 1977-78 [EEM, Conti and Forrester 1981] Dade County - 1977-78 [EEM, Conti and Forrester 19811 Columbicola macrourae (Wilson 1941) Alachua County - 1977-78 [EEM, Conti and Forrester 1981] Dade County - 1977-78 [EEM, Conti and Forrester 1981] Hohorstiella paladinellaHm andTuff 1918 Dade County - 1977-78 [Conti and Forrester 1981] Hohorstiella sp. Dade County - 1977-78 [Conti and Forrester 1981] Physconelloides zenaidurae OWkGregor 1911) Alachua County - 1977-78 [EEM, Conti and Forrester 1981] Dade County - 1919 [USNM]; 1928, 1978 [EEM]; 1977-78 [EEM, Conti and Forrester 19811 No specific locality or date given [Hill and Tuff 19781 Common Ground-Dove, Columbina passerina (Linnaeus) Columbicola passerinae (Wilson 1941) No specific locality or date given [Peters 19361 Physconelloides passerinae Emerson 1951 Dade County - 1939 [EEM]; No date given [USNM] Lee County - 1936 [USNM] No specific locality or date given [Hill and Tuff 19781 PSITTACIFORMES (PARROTS, ALLIES) Psittacidae (Lories, Parakeets, Macaws, Parrots) - No information available. CUCULIFORMES (CUCKOOS, ALLIES) Cuculidae (Cuckoos, Anis) Black-billed Cuckoo, Coccyzus erythropthalmus (Wilson) 34 BULLETIN FLORIDA MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 39(1) Cuculicola erythropthalmus Emerson 1964 Dade County - 1928 [EEM, Emerson 1964] St. Lucie County - 1967 Yellow-billed Cuckoo, Coccyzus americanus (Linnaeus) Cucuhphi/us snodgrassi (Kellogg and Kuwana 1902) Indian River County - 1970, 1972, 1973 Lee County - 1954, 1982 [FSCAl; 1982, 1986 [EEM] Cuculoecus coccygii (Osborn 1896) Dade County - 1917 [EEM, USNMI Lee County - 1986 [EEM] St. Lucie County - 1973 [EEM] STRIGIFORMES (OWLS) Tytonidae (Barn Owls) Barn Owl, Tyto alba (Scopoli) Kurodaia subpachygaster (Piaget 1880) Alachua County - 1983-84 Lee County - 1986 [EEM] Strigidae (Typical Owls) Great Horned Owl, Bubo virginianus (Gmelin) Colpocephalum brachysomum Kellogg and Chapman 1902 Lee County - 1981 [EEM, FSCA]; 1983 [EEM] Marion County - 1956 [EEM, Emerson 1961] Kurodaia magna Emerson 1960 Dade County - 1917 [USNM] Strigiphi/us oculatus (Rudow 1870) Marion County - 1956 [FSCA] Strigiphilus symii (Packard 1813) Alachua County - 1973 Jefferson County - 1981 Burrowing Owl, Speolyto cunicularia (Molina) Colpocephalum pectinatum Osborn 1902 Hendry County - 1933 [USNM] Sarasota County - 1918 [USNM] No specific locality or date given [Peters 19361 Strigiphilus speotyti (Osborn 1%96) Collier County - 1933 [USNM, FSCA] Hendry County - 1933 [USNM] Lee County - 1989 Monroe County - 1988 Barred Owl, Strix varia Barton Kurodaia magna Emerson 1960 Alachua County - 1976, 1985 FORRESTER ET AL.: CHEWING LICE FROM FLORIDA BIRDS 35 Hernando County - 1975 Hillsborough County - 1975 Marion County - 1982 Monroe County - 1980 [EEM] Orange County - 1936 [USNM] Taylor County - 1976 Strigiphilus syrnii (Packard 1813) Alachua County - 1976-78 , 1985 Dade County - 1917 [USNM] Hendry County - 1984 [EEM, FSCA] Hillsborough County - 1975-76 Leon County - 1960 [USNM] Marion County - 1982 Monroe County - 1980 [EEM] Orange County-1936 [USNM] Taylor County - 1976 No specific locality or date given [Clayton and Price 1984] Short-cared Owl, Asio flammeus (Pontoppidan) Strigiphilus cursor Burmeister 1838) Dade County - 1916 [USNM] CAPRIMULGIFORMES (GOATSUCKERS, ALLIES) Caprimulgidae (Goatsuckers) - No information available. APODIFORMES (SWIFTS, HUMM[NGBIRDS) Apodidae (Swifts) Chimney Swin, Chaetura pelagica CAnnaeus) Dennyus dubius (Kellogg 1896) Dade County - 1926 [EEM] Lee County - 1984 [EEM] Leon County - 1936 [USNMI Trochilidae (Hummingbirds) - No information available CORACIIFORMES (KINGFISHERS) Alcedinidae (Kingfishers) - No information available PICIFORMES (WOODPECKERS, ALLIES) Picidae (Woodpeckers, Allies) Red-bemed Woodpecker, Melanerpes carolinus GAnnaeus) Penenirmus auritus (Scopoli 1763) Alachua County - 1953 [FSCA] "Shell Point" - 1936 [USNM] Yellow-bellied Sapsucker, Sphyrapicus varius (Linnaeus) 36 BULLETIN FLORIDA MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 39(1) Penenirmus auritus (Scopoli 1763) Dade County - 1917 [EEM, USNM]; 1918, 1926 [EEM] Pinellas County - 1930 [USNM]; 1964 IEEM] No specific locality or date given [Peters 1936] Hairy Woodpecker, Picoides viUosus (Linnaeus) Brueelia straminea penny 1842) Dade County - 1918 [EEMI Menacanthus pici (Denny 1%42) Dade County - 1918 [EEM] Penenirmus auritus (Scopoli 1763) Dade County - 1926 Red-cockaded Woodpecker, Picoides borealis (Vieillot) Brueelia straminea (Denny 1842) Collier County - 1937 [USNM1 Polk County - 1994 Northern Flicker, Colaptes auratus (Linnaeus) Picicola porisma Dalgleish 1969 Dade County - 1916 [EEM, USNM]; 1917 [EEM] Indian River County - 1977 Penenirmusjungens (Kellogg 1896) Dade County - 1916 [EEMI; 1917 [USNM] Pileated Woodpecker, Dryocopus pileatus (Linnaeus) Menacanthus pici (Denny 1842) Indian River County - 1919 [USNMI Picicola marginatulus (Hamson 1916) Alachua County - 1994 PASSERIFORMES (PASSERINE BIRDS) Tyrannidae (Tyrant Flycatchers) Great Crested Flycatcher. A*iarchus crinitus (Linnaeus) Philopterus sp. No specific locality or date given [Peters 1936] Alaudidae (Larks) - No information available. Hirundinidae (Swallows) Purple Martin, Progne subis (Linnaeus) Brueelia subis (Carriker 1963) Lee County - 1981 [EEM] Myrsidea dissimilis Of.ellogg 1896) Duval County - 1982 [EEM, FSCA] Franklin County - 1980 [EEM, USNM] Indian River County - 1973 Lee County - 1981 [EEM, FSCA]; 1986 [EEM] Wakulla County - 1981 [FSCA] FORRESTER ET AL: eHEWING LICE FROM FLORIDA BIRDS 37 Tree Swallow, Tachycineta bicolor (Vieillot) Phi/opterus major (Kellogg 1896) Broward County - 1957 [FSCA] Dade County - 1917, 1928 [EEMI Seminole County - 1929 [FSCAl No specific locality or date given [Peters 1936] Bank Swallow, Riparia riparia Binnaeus) A