2 11 I. M. AL-Malo and M. S. Abdul Rassoul Bull. Iraq nat. Hist. Mus. (2010) 11 (1): 11-16 *NOTES ON SOME ARMORED SCALE INSECTS (HEMIPTERA:DIASPIDIDAE) OF IRAQ Iman Mohammed AL-Malo** and Mohammed Saleh-Abdul Rassoul*** **Department of plant protection, College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad, Abu-Gharb, Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq ***Natural History Museum, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq ABSTRACT Sixteen species of Armored Scale insects were recorded from Baghdad city during 2001- 2005. Three of these are reported here for the first time Abgrallaspis cyanophylli (Signoret, 1869), Aonidiella citrina (Craw,1870) and Chrysomphalus aonidium (Linnaeus,1758). The other thirteen species were recorded earlier Aonidiella aurantii(Maskell), Aonidiella orientalis(Newstead), Chrysomphalus dictyospermi(Morgan), Diaspidiotus ostreaeformis (Curtis), Diaspidiotu perniciosus(Comctock), Hemiberlesia lataniae (Signoret), Lepidosaphes beckii(Newman), Lepidosaphes conchiformis(Gmelin), Lepidosaphes ulmi(Linnaeus), Mercetaspis halli(Green), Parlatoria blanchardi(Targioni-Tozzetti) , Parlatoria crypta Mckenzie, Parlatoria pergandii Comstock. Localities, date of collection and host plants were given for all species. INTRODUCTION Diaspididae is considers as a member of the Homoptera which has an economic importance. The number of the species of this family are 2200 species belonging to 400 genera and widespread in the world (Ben-Dov,1990),causing damage to some trees, shrubs and herbaceous plants, and they affect 189 plant families. The adults and nymphs, suck the plant sap from all the plant parts, and thier feeding causes direct damage to tissues mainly through that toxicity by the saliva injected during feeding(Mcclure,1990). These insects cause necrosis and chlorosis of leaves , and cansequently leaves fall and sometimes they can kill a host plant.Adult females are small insects: their length has a range from 1.0to2.0mm; covered by an infuse scale ,legs absent, antennae reduced to stumps; abdominal segments 5-6 fused into a pygidium which is important in the diagnosis of species. The pygidium bears a complex of specialized structures , tubular ducts , marginal lobes, plates, gland spines and the anus lies on the dorsal surface.(Mckenzie 1956, Gill 1997, Watson 2002). The most important scales insects in Iraq are: Aonidiella orientalis found on Citrus, Rosa, Ziziphus and,Populus. Parlatoria blanchardi on date palm and Lepidosaphes beckii on Citrus. The first study on the scale insects in Iraq was by Green (1922),Followd by Bodenheimer (1943-1944) who reported 32 species of Diaspididae. Hussian (1963) recorded 17 species, Derwesh (1965) added two species and Al-Ali(1977) added five species. This study was conducted to investigate new species of the armored scale and their biology. * Part of PhD degree by the first author. 12 Notes on Some Armored Scale Insects MATERIALSS AND METHODS A field survey on the host plants of the armored scale was carried out in different region of Baghdad province during 2001-2005.Samples of infected plants were collected randomly in a Petri dish bags and stored in the freezer to make slides identification. Adult females was inspected under Binocular dissecting microscope to make slides according to Watson (2002).Insects sample also inspected under compound microscope by using a ocular micrometer to measure length of the armored scale, drawing of each sample by Camera Lucida.Identification keys of Mckenzie (1956),Gill(1997) and Watson(2002), were used to identify species collected during this study. RESULTS List of species reported in this study: Abgrallaspis cyanophylli (Signoret,1869) Materials examined : 20 female,Grayait (Baghdad),10.V.2004,on leaves of Centaurea cyanus L. 10 female Grayait, Mansoor (Baghdad) 10.V.2004, 21.IX.2004,on leavesof Matthiola incana L. Five female, Grayait and new Baghdad ,10.V.2004, 21.IX.2004 on leaves of Diospyros kaki L.F. Distribution in Iraq : Baghdad Aonidiella aurantii (Maskell,1879) Materialss examined : 200 female, Grayait, Al- Athamia (Baghdad), Al-Yarmok(Baghdad), Abu- Gharib(Baghdad), Jadyria (Baghdad),20.IX.2003, 4.IX.2004, 2.IV.2004, 10.V,2004, 10.X.2004, 15.V.2005, on stem and branches on Rosa spp. 50 female, Grayait, Al-kadra (Baghdad),4.IX.2004,15.V.2005 on leaves of Buxus spp. 100 female, Grayait, Al- Athamia, Mansoor, Al-Yarmok,10.V.2004, 4.IX.2004, 20.IX.2005, on leaves of Cycas circinalis L. Distribution in Iraq : Baghdad ,Basra (Gauhar et. a l ,1980) Aonidiella citrina (Craw,1880) Materialss examined : 10 female, Al-Rashidia(Baghdad), new Baghdad ,Al- Yarmok,20.V.2004, 10.V.2004, 10.X.2004, on leaves and stem of Rosa spp. Six female, Grayait,15.V.2005,on leaves of Buxus spp Distribution in Iraq : Baghdad Aonidiella orientalis (Newstead ,1894) Materialss examined : 20 female, Mansoor,20.IX.2004, on leaves of Alterathera bettyichiana L. Seven female, Grayait, Gadyria, Al-Athamia,20.VIII.2004, 1.V.2004,on leaves of Celosia cristata L. 10 female, Grayait, Abu- Gharb,14.IX.2003,10.X.2004, on leaves of Zizphus spina-christi (L.) 50 female, Al- Yarmok, Al- Latifia(Baghdad), new Baghdad,20.IX.2002,12.VIII.2004, 25.IX.2005, on leaves of Populus sp. 20 female, Al-kadra,15.V.2004, on leaves of Ricinus communis L. 13 I. M. AL-Malo and M. S. Abdul Rassoul 50 female, Grayait, Mansoor, Gadyria,20.IX.2002,12.VIII.2004,1.IX.2004,on Rosa spp. 100 female, Abu- Gharb,20.IX.2002, on leaves of Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. 200 female , Grayait, Mansoor,20.IX.2002,20.VIII.2004, on leaves of Ficus spp. 30 female, Grayait, Al- Yarmok,20.IX.2004,20.X.2005, on leaves of Cycas sp. 10 female, Grayait, Mansoor,12.V.2004, 1.IX.2004, on leaves of Hedera sp. Five female, Al- Latifia ,25.IX.2005, on leaves of Ficus carica L. 400 female, Grayait, Al- Latifia, Gadyria,20.IX.2002, 12.V.2004, 25.IX.200, on leaves, branches and fruits of Citrus aurantium L.,C. sinensis L.,C. reticulate L. Five female, Grayait, 12.V.2004, on leaves of Vitis vinifera L. 10 female , Al- Yarmok, 12.VIII.2004, on leaves of Jasminum sambac Ait. Three female , Grayait,20.VIII.2004, on leaves of Mangifera sp. Distribution in Iraq : Baghdad, Basra(Bodenheimer,1943), Ramadi (AL-Ali,1977). Chrysomphalus aonidum (Linnaeus,1758) Materialss examined : 30 female, Al-Dora(Baghdad), Al- Latifia,19.V.2004, 10.IX.2004,on leaves of Ficus carica L. Distribution in Iraq : Baghdad Chrysomphalus dictyospermi (Morgan,1889) Materialss examined : 10 female, Al-Rashidia, Grayait, Mansoor, 20.V.2004, 20.VIII.2004,10.IX.2004, on leaves and fruits of Citrus aurantium L. Distribution in Iraq : Baghdad. Diaspidiotus ostreaeformis (Curtis,1843) Materialss examined : Eight female, Al-Yousfia(Baghdad), 12.VIII.2002, 18.VIII.2002 , on leaves of Populus sp. Distribution in Iraq : Baghdad. Diaspidiotus perniciosus (Comstock,1881) Materialss examined : Six female, Mansoor, Al-kadra,10.V.2004, 4.IX.2004, on leaves of Pyrus communis L. Distribution in Iraq : Baghdad. Hemiberlesia lataniae (Signoret,1869) Materialss examined : Four female, Grayait,15.V.2004, on leaves of Dactylic glomerata L Distribution in Iraq : Baghdad, Ramadi (Bodenhiemer,1943). Lepidosaphes beckii (Newman,1869) Materialss examined : Seven female, Al-Rashidia, Al- Latifia,20.V.2004, 5.IX.2004, on leaves and fruits of Citrus aurantium L. Distribution in Iraq : Baghdad. 14 Notes on Some Armored Scale Insects Lepidosaphes conchiformis (Gmelin,1789) Materialss examined : 20 female, Al-Dora, Al-Latifia,10.V.2004, 5.V.2004,20.VIII.2005,on leavesof Ficus carica L. Distribution in Iraq : Baghdad. Lepidosaphes ulmi (Linnaeus,1758) Materials examined : Seven female, Mansoor,20.VIII.2005,on branches and fruits of Malus spp. Distribution in Iraq : Baghdad, Chuarta (Sulaimaniya)(Bodenhiemer,1943). Mercetaspis halli (Green,1923) Materials examined : 20 female , Al-kadra,10.V.2004, on leaves of Prunus armeniaca L. Distribution in Iraq : Baghdad, Mousul,Sulaimaniya (Bodenhiemer,1943). Parlatoria blanchardi (Targioni-Tozzetti,1868) Materials examined : 300 female, Grayait, Gadyria, Abu- Gharb,2.IV.2004, 10.V.2004, 6.VI.2005, on leaves of Phoenix dactyliphera L. Five female, Grayait,2.IV.2004, on leaves of Zizyphus spina-christi (L.) Distribution in Iraq : Baghdad, Basra(Bodenheimer,1943), (AL-Ali,1977). Parlatoria crypta Mckenzie,1943 Materials examined : Eight female, Al- Yarmok,20.VI.2005, on leaves of Jasminum sambac Ait. Distribution in Iraq : Baghdad, Ramadi, Shatt al Arab(Basra) (Bodenheimer,1944). Parlatoria pergandii Comstock,1881 Materials examined : Four female, Gadyria,10.XI.2005, on leaves and fruits of Citrus mandarin L Distribution in Iraq : Baghdad, Basra, Ramadi, Ashar(Mosul) (Bodenheimer,1943). CONCLUSION Field survey revealed the presence of 16 species of armored scale, three of them, Abgrallaspis cyanophylli (Signoret, 1869), Aonidiella citrine(Craw,1870) and Chrysomphalus aonidium (Linnaeus,1758). Considered to be a new records in Iraq. LITERATURE CITED Al-Ali, A.S.,1977.Phytophagous and Entomophagous insects and Mites in Iraq.Nat. Hist. Res. Centre (Iraq), publ. No.33, 142pp. 15 I. M. AL-Malo and M. S. Abdul Rassoul Ben-Dov, Y., 1990.Status of our knowledge of Diaspidoid systematics. In: Armoured scale insects, their biology, natural enemies and control. World Crop Pests.(ed.) D. Rosen, Else.Ams.,The Netherlands 4A:81-84. Bodenheimer, F.S., 1943. A first survey of the Coccoidea of Iraq. Dir. Gene. Agr. Bull. 28:1- 33. Bodenheimer,1944. Additions to the Coccoidea of Iraq, with description of two of new species. (Hemiptera: Homoptera) Bull. Soc. Fouad L er Ent. Eygpt. 28:81-84. Derwesh, A.I. 1965 A primary list of identified insects and same arachnids of Iraq. Direct. Gen. Agr. Res. Proj. Baghdad. Bull.,121:1-123. Gauhar, K. A.; K. A. Rashid and Z. Noory. 1980. Population density of the red scale insect Aonidiella aurantii mask (Diaspididae, Homoptera) on citrus trees in Basrah, Iraq. Iraqi J. Agric. Sci., 6:77-88. Gill, R.J., 1997. The scale insects of California part3. the armored scales (Homoptera: Diaspididae). California Pep. Food and Agri.Sacr., California, USA.307pp. Green, E.E., 1922. On a small collection of Coccidae from Mesopotamia, with description of new species. Bull. Ent. Res. Lond., 13:496-470pp. Hussain, A.A., 1963. Provisional list of insects pests and Bibliography of insects fauna of Iraq. Bull. Coll. Sci., 7:43-83. Mcclure, M.S., 1990. Impact on host plants In: Armored scale insects, their biology, natural enemies and control. World Crop Pests.(ed.)D..Rosen, Else. Ams. The Netherlands 4A :289-292. Mckenzie, H.L. 1956. The armored scale insects of California.Bull. Cali. Ins. Sur. 5:1-209. Watson, G.W., 2002. Arthropods of economic importance: Diaspididae of the world. An illustrated identification guide and information source. CD.Rom. Expert center from Taxonomic Identification (ETI),Uni. Ams., the Netherlands. ISBN No. 90-75000-48-0. 16 Notes on Some Armored Scale Insects Bull. Iraq nat. Hist. Mus. (2010) 11 (1): 11-16 ) HEMIPTERA:DIASPIDIDAE( الحشرات القشرية المدرعةمالحظات عن بعض في العراق **و محمد صالح عبد الرسول *المالو حمدمايمان العراق - ابو غريب، بغداد ،، جامعة بغدادكلية الزراعةقسم وقاية النبات، * العراق-باب المعظم، بغدادمتحف التاريخ الطبيعي، جامعة بغداد، ** الخالصة - ٢٠٠١نوع من احلشرات القشرية املدرعة ىف مدينة بغداد خالل سنة ١٦مت تسجيل ٢٠٠٥. ثالثة أنواع سجلت ألول مره يف العراق وهىِ Aonidiella citrina (Craw,1870), Abgrallaspis cyanophylli (Signoret, 1869), Chrysomphalus aonidium (Linnaeus,1758). وثالثة عشر نوع مسجله سابقا هي : Aonidiella orientalis(Newstead), Aonidiella aurantii (Maskell), Diaspidiotus ostreaeformis (Curtis), Chrysomphalus dictyospermi (Morgan), Hemiberlesia lataniae (Signoret), Diaspidiotus perniciosus(Comctock), Lepidosaphes ulmi (Linnaeus), Lepidosaphes conchiformis(Gmelin), Lepidosaphes beckii (Newman), Parlatoria blanchardi(Targioni- Tozzetti) , Mercetaspis halli (Green), Parlatoria crypta Mckenzie, Parlatoria pergandii Comstock. مجعها والعوائل النباتية لكافة األنواع. اريخحددت مناطق مجع العينات وت