Bull 163 Abbas J. Al-Faisal and Falah M. Mutlak Bull. Iraq nat. Hist. Mus. December, (2018) 15 (2): 163-177 SURVEY OF THE MARINE FISHES IN IRAQ Abbas J. Al-Faisal* and Falah M. Mutlak Marine Science Centre, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq *Corresponding author: abbasjsm71@yahoo.com Received Date: 19 April 2018 Accepted Date: 28 August 2018 ABSTRACT A survey of fish species in the Iraqi marine waters was carried out for the period from November 2014 to March 2018. The list included 214 species representing 75 families. The family Carangidae dominated the marine fishes in Iraq, which was represented by 24 species, followed by Haemulidae with 11 species, and then Serranidae and Sparidae with nine species for each, while 34 families contained a single species only. Key words: Checklist, fish species, Iraq, marine waters, survey. INTRODUCTION The Arabian Gulf is a semi-enclosed shallow sea located in the subtropical climate. The Gulf is considered biologically impoverished, due to its environmental characteristics, in addition to its young age (Randall, 1995; Jabado et al., 2015). The environments of Iraqi marine waters are fairly different in comparison with other parts of the Arabian Gulf; the Shatt Al-Arab River, which is formed by the confluence of the Euphrates and Tigris rivers, is considered as a major fresh water discharge into the northwest Arabian Gulf. The potential sources of nutrients and organics in the northwestern Arabian Gulf are Shatt Al-Arab river and its associated marshes (Al-Yamani, 2008; Al-Mudaffar and Mahdi, 2014). The Shatt Al- Arab estuary plays an important role as feeding, nursery and protective grounds for many fish species (Hussain et al., 1999). The fish species recorded in the Arabian Gulf were derived from the Indian Ocean, besides demonstrating that the Indian Ocean species cover the entire gulf and reaching even its most northern range (Hussain and Naama, 1989). The fish fauna of the Arabian Gulf have been identified by several systematic works (Blegvad and Løppenthin, 1944; Kuronuma and Abe, 1986; Randall, 1995; Assadi and Dehgani, 1997, Carpenter et al., 1997; Bishop, 2003; Iwatsuki et al., 2013). The previous studies in the Iraqi marine waters could be divided into two parts, the first dealing with species composition and seasonal fluctuations either in the inland Iraqi marine waters, like in Khor Al-Zubair (Ali, 1985; Hussain et al., 1988; Hussain and Naama, 1989; Ali and Hussain, 1990; Hussain et al., 1994) and Khor Abdullah (Younis, 1990; Hussain and Younis, 1997), and the second dealing with classification of fishes or checklist in the regional Iraqi waters (Khalaf, 1961; Mahdi, 1962; Mahdi and Georg, 1969; Al-Daham, 1982; Mohamed et al., 2001). http://dx.doi.org/10.26842/binhm.7.2018.15.2.0163 164 Survey of the marine fishes The aim of the present study is to update the list of marine fish species based on a survey in them from the Iraqi marine waters for the period from November 2014 till March 2018. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fish samples were collected from the Iraqi marine waters (29° 46' 50"N 48° 39' 46" E to 29° 78' 83"N 48° 75' 78"E) (Map 1), northwest of the Arabian Gulf during the period from November 2014 to March 2018, by using a fishing boat supplemented by trawl net; also the fish samples were collected from commercial fisheries, through coordination and cooperation with fishermen of the region, which used different fishing nets, benthic trawl nets, fixed gill nets, gill nets (mesh 78×78 mm, 67×67 mm, 57×57 mm, 48×48 mm, 42×42 mm, 33×33 mm, 30×30 mm and 28×28 mm), traps with different circular base (2 m, 2.5 m and 4 m) and fish hooks, as well from commercial fishery of Al-Nasr society for the fishing and marketing of marine fish in Al-Faw district, 100 km south of Basrah city. Fish species were identified depending on Kuronuma and Abe (1986); Carpenter et al. (1997) and Froese and Pauly (2018). The fish images were taken by Canon SX600 HS. The arrangement of higher taxa (Classes, Orders and Families) of fishes followed Nelson (2006). Map (1): Fishing area in the Iraqi marine waters. 165 Abbas J. Al-Faisal and Falah M. Mutlak RESULTS AND DISCUSSION A total of 214 species belonging to 75 families and 21 orders were recorded from the Iraqi marine waters (Tab. 1), (Pl.1 and 2 showed some species). The number of cartilaginous fish species (Class: Elasmobranchii) was 16 species and the number of bony fish species (Class: Actinopterygii) was 198 species; the order Perciform dominated the ichthyofauna of the Iraqi marine waters, which is represented by 36 families and 132 species. A total of 34 families contained a single species only, 16 families contained two species and seven families contained three species, the remaining families were represented by more than three species. The most successful fish families are Carangidae (11.21%) which contains 24 species, followed by Haemulidae (5.14%) with 11 species, while Serranidae and Sparidae (4.20%) in the third place each is represented by nine species per each, then Sciaenidae and Lutjanidae (3.73%) with eight species each. The previous studies have developed a database for the identification of marine fish species in Iraqi marine waters, but they have been based on fisheries or have been short term studies. The most prominent study about ichthyofauna of Iraqi marine waters was carried out by Mohamed et al. (2001) for the period 1995-1999, by using two fishing boats; they recorded 116 species belonging to 58 families. The present study is the next study of Mohamed et al. (2001) about ichthyofauna of the Iraqi marine waters; the number of species reached 214 which belong to 75 families; the increase in fish species in the present study could be due to using different fishing gears at different depths by the fishermen. On the other hand, this increase in the number of species may be due to modifications in Iraqi marine habitat outside its control. The quantity of freshwater discharges into the northwest Arabian Gulf varies from time to time, as the construction of dams on the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in Turkey and decreased the discharge of Karun river; the various species were distributed in the northwestern Arabian Gulf as could be expected in view of salinity variations, different topography and muddy substratum (Mohamed et al., 2001). The Perciform is considered to be the largest order within the teleost fishes (Nelson, 2006), this order dominates the ichthyofauna in northwest of the Arabian Gulf (Khalaf, 1961; Mahdi, and Georg, 1969; Al-Daham, 1982; Kuronuma, and Abe, 1986; Bishop, 2003), and which is represented by 36 families and 132 species in the present study. The most successful fish family in the Iraqi marine waters was Carangidae, represented by 24 species, this number is likely to increase, where were occurrence 32 species in Kuwait (Bishop, 2003) and 40 species in the Arabian Gulf (Carpenter et al., 1997). This applies to the rest of families as Haemulidae, Serranidae, Sparidae and Sciaenidae. This study provided an updating list of the ichthyofauna of Iraqi marine waters as to be a base for various studies in the future. 166 Survey of the marine fishes Table (1): List of fish species from the Iraqi marine waters. Order Family Species Orectolobiformes Hemiscylliidae Chiloscyllium arabicum Gubanov, 1980 Rhincodontidae Rhincodon typus Smith, 1828 Carcharhiniformes Carcharhinidae Carcharhinus leucas (Müller & Henle, 1839) Rhizoprionodon acutus (Rüppell, 1837) Sphyrnidae Sphyrna mokarran (Rüppell, 1837) Rhinopristiformes Pristidae Pristis zijsron Bleeker, 1851 Rhinobatidae Glaucostegus granulatus (Cuvier, 1829) Myliobatiformes Dasyatidae Brevitrygon imbricata (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) Brevitrygon walga (Müller & Henle, 1841) Himantura uarnak (Gmelin, 1789) Maculabatis gerrardi (Gray, 1851) Pastinachus sephen (Forsskål, 1775) Pateobatis bleekeri (Blyth, 1860) Gymnuridae Gymnura poecilura (Shaw, 1804) Myliobatidae Aetobatus flagellum (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) Aetobatus narinari (Euphrasen, 1790) Anguilliformes Muraenesocidae Muraenesox cinereus (Forsskål, 1775) Clupeiformes Chirocentridae Chirocentrus dorab (Forsskål, 1775) Chirocentrus nudus Swainson, 1839 Clupeidae Anodontostoma chacunda (Hamilton, 1822) Nematalosa nasus (Bloch, 1795) Sardinella albella (Valenciennes,1847) Sardinella gibbosa (Bleeker, 1849) Sardinella longiceps Valenciennes,1847 Tenualosa ilisha (Hamilton, 1822) Dussumieriidae Dussumieria acuta Valenciennes, 1847 Engraulidae Thryssa dussumieri (Valenciennes, 1848) Thryssa hamiltonii Gray, 1835 Thryssa sp. Thryssa vitrirostris (Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908) Thryssa whiteheadi Wongratana, 1983 Pristigasteridae Ilisha compressa Randall, 1994 Ilisha melastoma (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) Gonorynchiformes Chanidae Chanos chanos (Forsskål, 1775) Siluriformes Ariidae Plicofollis dussumieri (Valenciennes, 1840) Netuma bilineata (Valenciennes, 1840) Netuma thalassina (Rüppell, 1837) Plotosidae Plotosus lineatus (Thunberg, 1787) Aulopiformes Synodontidae Saurida tumbil (Bloch, 1795) Saurida undosquamis (Richardson, 1848) Gadiformes Bregmacerotidae Bregmaceros neclabanus Whitley, 1941 Ophidiiformes Ophidiidae Neobythites steatiticus Alcock, 1894 Batrachoidiformes Batrachoididae Allenbatrachus grunniens (Linnaeus, 1758) Mugiliformes Mugilidae Liza carinata (Valenciennes, 1836) Liza klunzingeri (Day, 1888) Planiliza subviridis (Valenciennes, 1836) http://www.fishbase.org/summary/OrdersSummary.php?order=Orectolobiformes http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?genid=1451 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?spid=6590 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?genid=816 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?spid=26330 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/OrdersSummary.php?order=Myliobatiformes http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?genid=11477 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?spid=7274 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/FamilySummary.php?ID=501 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?genid=9399 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?spid=7273 http://www.fishbase.se/summary/OrdersSummary.php?order=Anguilliformes http://www.fishbase.se/summary/OrdersSummary.php?order=Clupeiformes http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_John_Swainson http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/getref.asp?id=4303 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?genid=2032 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?spid=25943 http://www.fishbase.se/Summary/SpeciesSummary.php?ID=1508&genusname=Sardinella&speciesname=gibbosa http://www.fishbase.se/Summary/SpeciesSummary.php?ID=589&genusname=Thryssa&speciesname=hamiltonii http://www.fishbase.se/Summary/SpeciesSummary.php?ID=594&genusname=Thryssa&speciesname=mystax http://www.fishbase.se/Summary/SpeciesSummary.php?ID=602&genusname=Thryssa&speciesname=vitrirostris http://www.fishbase.se/Summary/SpeciesSummary.php?ID=603&genusname=Thryssa&speciesname=whiteheadi http://hbs.bishopmuseum.org/staff/randall.html http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/getref.asp?id=21649 http://www.fishbase.se/summary/OrdersSummary.php?order=Gonorynchiformes http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?genid=10832 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?spid=4711 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?genid=2431 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?spid=45813 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?genid=2431 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?spid=53634 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/OrdersSummary.php?order=Aulopiformes http://www.fishbase.org/summary/OrdersSummary.php?order=Gadiformes http://www.fishbase.org/summary/OrdersSummary.php?order=Ophidiiformes http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_William_Alcock http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/getref.asp?id=89 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/OrdersSummary.php?order=Batrachoidiformes http://www.fishbase.org/summary/FamilySummary.php?ID=189 http://research.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?tbl=genus&genid=10453 http://research.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?tbl=species&spid=64018 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/OrdersSummary.php?order=Mugiliformes 167 Abbas J. Al-Faisal and Falah M. Mutlak Mugil cephalus Linnaeus, 1758 Valamugil speigleri (Bleeker, 1858) Beloniformes Belonidae Ablennes hians (Valenciennes, 1846) Strongylura strongylura (van Hasselt, 1823) Tylosurus crocodilus (Péron & Lesueur, 1821) Hemiramphidae Hemiramphus marginatus (Forsskasl, 1775) Hyporhamphus limbatus (Valenciennes, 1846) Rhynchorhamphus georgii (Valenciennes, 1846) Beryciformes Monocentridae Monocentris japonica (Houttuyn, 1782) Gasterosteiformes Pigasidae Pegasus volitans Linnaeus, 1758 Syngnathiformes Syngnathidae Hippocampus kuda Bleeker, 1852 Scorpaeniformes Platycephalidae Platycephalus indicus (Linnaeus, 1758) Grammoplites scaber (Linnaeus, 1758) Pseudosynanceia melanostigma Day, 1875 Minous monodactylus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) Synanceia nana Eschmeyer & Rama-Rao, 1973 Perciformes Acanthuridae Acanthurus sohal (Forsskål, 1775) Apogonidae Apogonichthyoides taeniatus (Cuvier, 1828) Ariommatidae Ariomma indica (Day, 1870) Carangidae Alectis ciliaris (Bloch, 1787) Alectis indica (Rüppell, 1830) Alepes djedaba (Forsskål, 1775) Alepes kleinii (Bloch, 1793) Alepes melanoptera (Swainson, 1839) Alepes vari (Cuvier, 1833) Atropus atropos (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) Atule mate (Cuvier, 1833) Carangoides armatus (Rüppell, 1830) Carangoides bajad (Forsskål, 1775) Carangoides chrysophrys (Cuvier, 1833) Carangoides malabaricus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) Caranx sexfasciatus Quoy & Gaimard, 1825 Decapterus russelli (Rüppell, 1830) Gnathanodon speciosus (Forsskål, 1775) Megalaspis cordyla (Linnaeus, 1758) Parastromateus niger (Bloch, 1795) Scomberoides commersonnianus Lacepède, 1801 Scomberoides tol (Cuvier, 1832) Selar crumenophthalmus (Bloch, 1793) Seriolina nigrofasciata (Rüppell, 1829) Trachinotus baillonii (Lacepède, 1801) Trachinotus mookalee Cuvier, 1832 Uraspis helvola (Forster, 1801) Chaetodontidae Chaetodon gardineri Norman, 1939 Drepanidae Drepane longimana (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) Drepane punctata (Linnaeus, 1758) Echeneidae Echeneis naucrates Linnaeus, 1758 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Linnaeus http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/getref.asp?id=2787 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?genid=8042 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?spid=16937 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/OrdersSummary.php?order=Beloniformes http://www.fishbase.org/summary/OrdersSummary.php?order=Beryciformes http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?genid=421 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?spid=32781 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/OrdersSummary.php?order=Gasterosteiformes http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?genid=159 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?spid=14683 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Linnaeus http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/getref.asp?id=2787 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/OrdersSummary.php?order=Syngnathiformes http://www.fishbase.org/summary/OrdersSummary.php?order=Scorpaeniformes http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?genid=5194 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?spid=42879 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?genid=427 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?spid=15023 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?genid=6771 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?spid=15200 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?genid=745 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?spid=15346 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?genid=745 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?spid=15347 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?genid=1573 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?spid=15440 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?genid=1573 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?spid=48369 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alepes_melanoptera https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_John_Swainson http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?genid=1573 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?spid=34597 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?genid=929 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?spid=34511 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?genid=5816 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?spid=34615 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?genid=2100 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?spid=59622 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?genid=2100 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?spid=45629 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?genid=2100 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?genid=2100 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?genid=2089 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?spid=20141 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?genid=2104 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?spid=15426 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?genid=3356 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?spid=20563 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?genid=468 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernard_Germain_de_Lac%C3%A9p%C3%A8de http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/getref.asp?id=2710 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?genid=468 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?spid=15437 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?genid=2101 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?spid=15439 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?genid=7799 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?spid=34988 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?genid=598 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?spid=34734 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georges_Cuvier http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/getref.asp?id=1000 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?genid=2298 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?spid=34406 http://www.fishbase.se/Summary/SpeciesSummary.php?ID=12534&genusname=Chaetodon&speciesname=gardineri http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Roxborough_Norman http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/getref.asp?id=6556 168 Survey of the marine fishes Ephippidae Ephippus orbis (Bloch, 1787) Platax teira (Forsskål, 1775) Gerreidae Gerres infasciatus Iwatsuki & Kimura, 1998 Gerres limbatus Cuvier, 1830 Gerres longirostris (Lacepède, 1801) Gerres oyena (Forsskål, 1775) Gobiidae Acentrogobius dayi Koumans, 1941 Bathygobius fuscus (Rüppell, 1830) Boleophthalmus dussumieri Valenciennes, 1837 Cryptocentrus lutheri (Klausewitz, 1960) Periophthalmus waltoni Koumans, 1941 Trypauchen vagina (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) Haemulidae Diagramma pictum (Thunberg, 1792) Plectorhinchus pictus (Tortonese, 1936) Plectorhinchus sordidus (Klunzinger, 1870) Pomadasys aheneus McKay & Randall, 1995 Pomadasys argenteus (Forsskål, 1775) Pomadasys kaakan (Cuvier, 1830) Pomadasys maculatus (Bloch, 1793) Pomadasys olivaceus (Day, 1875) Pomadasys punctulatus (Rüppell, 1838) Pomadasys stridens (Forsskål, 1775) Pomadasys taeniatus McKay & Randall, 1995 Labridae Cheilinus lunulatus (Forsskål, 1775) Lactariidae Lactarius lactarius (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) Leiognathidae Leiognathus equulus (Forsskål, 1775) Leiognathus oblongus (Valenciennes, 1835) Nuchequula gerreoides (Bleeker, 1851) Photopectoralis bindus (Valenciennes, 1835) Lethrinidae Lethrinus borbonicus Valenciennes, 1830 Lethrinus microdon Valenciennes, 1830 Lethrinus nebulosus (Forsskasl, 1775) Lutjanidae Lutjanus argentimaculatus (Forsskål, 1775) Lutjanus ehrenbergii (Peters, 1869) Lutjanus fulviflamma (Forsskål, 1775) Lutjanus lutjanus Bloch, 1790 Lutjanus malabaricus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) Lutjanus russellii (Bleeker, 1849) Lutjanus sanguineus (Cuvier, 1828) Pristipomoides filamentosus (Valenciennes, 1830) Menidae Mene maculata (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) Mullidae Parupeneus cyclostomus (Lacepède, 1801) Parupeneus margaritatus Randall &Gueze, 1984 Upeneus doriae (Günther, 1869) Upeneus tragula Richardson, 1846 Upeneus vittatus (Forsskål, 1775) Nemipteridae Nemipterus bipunctatus (Valenciennes, 1830) Nemipterus japonicus (Bloch, 1791) http://www.fishbase.se/Summary/SpeciesSummary.php?ID=14295&genusname=Gerres&speciesname=limbatus http://www.fishbase.se/Summary/SpeciesSummary.php?ID=14295&genusname=Gerres&speciesname=limbatus http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/getref.asp?id=996 http://www.fishbase.se/Summary/SpeciesSummary.php?ID=5996&genusname=Gerres&speciesname=oyena http://www.fishbase.se/Summary/SpeciesSummary.php?ID=46432&genusname=Acentrogobius&speciesname=dayi http://www.fishbase.se/Summary/SpeciesSummary.php?ID=7201&genusname=Bathygobius&speciesname=fuscus http://www.fishbase.se/Summary/SpeciesSummary.php?ID=6533&genusname=Boleophthalmus&speciesname=dussumieri http://www.fishbase.se/Summary/SpeciesSummary.php?ID=6533&genusname=Boleophthalmus&speciesname=dussumieri http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/getref.asp?id=1006 http://www.fishbase.se/Summary/SpeciesSummary.php?ID=46408&genusname=Periophthalmus&speciesname=waltoni http://www.fishbase.se/Summary/SpeciesSummary.php?ID=4897&genusname=Trypauchen&speciesname=vagina http://www.fishbase.se/Summary/SpeciesSummary.php?ID=4465&genusname=Diagramma&speciesname=pictum http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?genid=476 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?spid=52184 http://www.fishbase.se/Summary/SpeciesSummary.php?ID=7626&genusname=Plectorhinchus&speciesname=sordidus http://www.fishbase.se/Summary/SpeciesSummary.php?ID=4447&genusname=Pomadasys&speciesname=maculatus http://www.fishbase.se/Summary/SpeciesSummary.php?ID=5518&genusname=Pomadasys&speciesname=olivaceus http://www.fishbase.se/Summary/SpeciesSummary.php?ID=46379&genusname=Pomadasys&speciesname=punctulatus http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?genid=515 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?spid=35792 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?genid=7171 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?spid=47566 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?genid=10856 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?spid=15510 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?genid=357 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?spid=15550 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?genid=357 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?spid=15565 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?genid=357 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?spid=35147 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?genid=571 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?spid=35029 http://fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?genusname=Upeneus&speciesname=tragula http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Richardson_(naturalist) http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/getref.asp?id=3742 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?genid=1552 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?spid=58175 169 Abbas J. Al-Faisal and Falah M. Mutlak Nemipterus peronii (Valenciennes, 1830) Nemipterus randalli (Russell, 1986) Scolopsis taeniata (Cuvier, 1830) Polynemidae Eleutheronema tetradactylum (Shaw, 1804) Polydactylus sextarius (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) Pomacanthidae Pomacanthus maculosus (Forsskål, 1775) Pomacentridae Neopomacentrus sindensis (Day, 1873) Priacanthidae Priacanthus hamrur (Forsskål, 1775) Priacanthus tayenus Richardson, 1846 Rachycentridae Rachycentron canadum (Linnaeus, 1766) Scaridae Chlorurus sordidus (Forsskål, 1775) Scarus ghobban Forsskål, 1775 Scatophagidae Scatophagus argus (Linnaeus, 1766) Sciaenidae Argyrosomus hololepidotus (Lacepède, 1801) Johnius amblycephalus (Bleeker, 1855) Johnius belangerii (Cuvier, 1830) Johnius dussumieri (Cuvier, 1830) Nibea maculata (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) Otolithes ruber (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) Pennahia anea (Bloch, 1793) Protonibea diacantha (Lacepède, 1802) Scombridae Euthynnus affinis (Cantor, 1849) Rastrelliger kanagurta (Cuvier, 1816) Scomberomorus commerson (Lacepède, 1800) Scomberomorus guttatus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) Serranidae Cephalopholis hemistiktos (Rüppell, 1830) Epinephelus areolatus (Forsskål, 1775) Epinephelus bleekeri (Vaillant, 1878) Epinephelus coioides (Hamilton, 1822) Epinephelus diacanthus (Valenciennes, 1828) Epinephelus epistictus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1842) Epinephelus malabaricus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) Epinephelus polylepis Randall & Heemstra, 1991 Epinephelus stoliczkae (Day, 1875) Siganidae Siganus canaliculatus (Park, 1797) Sillaginidae Sillago arabica McKay & McCarthy, 1989 Sillago attenuata McKay, 1985 Sillago sihama (Forsskål, 1775) Sparidae Acanthopagrus arabicus Iwatsuki, 2013 Acanthopagrus berda (Forsskål, 1775) Acanthopagrus bifasciatus (Forsskål, 1775) Argyrops spinifer (Forsskål, 1775) Crenidens crenidens (Forsskål, 1775) Diplodus kotschyi (Steindachner, 1876) Rhabdosargus haffara (Forsskal, 1775) http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?genid=912 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?spid=19579 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Forssk%C3%A5l http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/getref.asp?id=1351 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Forssk%C3%A5l http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/getref.asp?id=1351 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Forssk%C3%A5l http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/getref.asp?id=1351 http://hbs.bishopmuseum.org/staff/randall.html http://www.fishbase.se/summary/Epinephelus-polylepis.html http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/getref.asp?id=19601 http://www.fishbase.se/Summary/SpeciesSummary.php?ID=4456&genusname=Siganus&speciesname=canaliculatus http://www.fishbase.se/Summary/SpeciesSummary.php?ID=8494&genusname=Sillago&speciesname=arabica http://www.fishbase.se/Summary/SpeciesSummary.php?ID=8497&genusname=Sillago&speciesname=attenuata http://www.fishbase.se/Summary/SpeciesSummary.php?ID=4544&genusname=Sillago&speciesname=sihama http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Forssk%C3%A5l http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/getref.asp?id=1351 http://www.fishbase.se/Summary/SpeciesSummary.php?ID=67314&genusname=Acanthopagrus&speciesname=arabicus http://www.fishbase.se/Summary/SpeciesSummary.php?ID=5526&genusname=Acanthopagrus&speciesname=berda http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Forssk%C3%A5l http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/getref.asp?id=1351 http://www.fishbase.se/Summary/SpeciesSummary.php?ID=4543&genusname=Acanthopagrus&speciesname=bifasciatus http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Forssk%C3%A5l http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/getref.asp?id=1351 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Forssk%C3%A5l http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/getref.asp?id=1351 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Forssk%C3%A5l http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/getref.asp?id=1351 170 Survey of the marine fishes Rhabdosargus sarba (Forsskål, 1775) Sparidentex hasta (Valenciennes, 1830) Sphyraenidae Sphyraena obtusata Cuvier, 1829 Sphyraena qenie Klunzinger, 1870 Stromateidae Pampus argenteus (Euphrasen, 1788) Terapontidae Terapon jarbua (Forsskål, 1775) Terapon puta Cuvier, 1829 Terapon theraps Cuvier, 1829 Pelates quadrilineatus (Bloch, 1790) Trichiuridae Trichiurus lepturus Linnaeus, 1758 Pleuronectiformes Cynoglossidae Cynoglossus arel (Bloch & Schneider, 180) Cynoglossus kopsii (Bleeker, 1851) Paralichthyidae Pseudorhombus arsius (Hamilton, 1822) Pseudorhombus javanicus (Bleeker, 1853) Psettodidae Psettodes erumei (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) Soleidae Brachirus orientalis (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) Solea elongata Day, 1877 Solea stanalandi Randall & McCarthy, 1989 Zebrias captivus Randall, 1995 Tetraodontiformes Balistidae Abalistes stellaris (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) Molidae Ranzania laevis (Pennant, 1776) Monacanthidae Paramonacanthus choirocephalus (Bleeker, 1851) Paramonacanthus oblongus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1850) Thamnaconus modestoides (Barnard, 1927) Tetraodontidae Arothron stellatus (Anonymous, 1798) Lagocephalus lunaris (Bloch & Schneider,1801) Triacanthidae Triacanthus biaculeatus (Bloch,1786) Pseudotriacanthus strigilifer (Cantor, 1849) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Forssk%C3%A5l http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/getref.asp?id=1351 http://www.fishbase.se/Summary/SpeciesSummary.php?ID=4458&genusname=Terapon&speciesname=jarbua http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Forssk%C3%A5l http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/getref.asp?id=1351 http://www.fishbase.se/Summary/SpeciesSummary.php?ID=7946&genusname=Terapon&speciesname=puta http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Linnaeus http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/getref.asp?id=2787 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/OrdersSummary.php?order=Pleuronectiformes http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?genid=1026 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?spid=48392 http://hbs.bishopmuseum.org/staff/randall.html http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/getref.asp?id=23283 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/OrdersSummary.php?order=Tetraodontiformes http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?genid=1520 http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?spid=51589 171 Abbas J. Al-Faisal and Falah M. Mutlak Plate (1): Cartilaginous fish species from the Iraqi marine waters 172 Survey of the marine fishes Plate (2): Bony fish species from the Iraqi marine waters. 173 Abbas J. Al-Faisal and Falah M. Mutlak 174 Survey of the marine fishes 175 Abbas J. Al-Faisal and Falah M. Mutlak LITEREATURE CITED Al-Daham, N. K. 1982. The ichthyofauna of Iraq and the Arab Gulf: A check-list. Publications of the Basrah Natural History Museum, 4:1-102. Ali, T. S. 1985. Preliminary study on the nature of bony fish assemblage in Khor Al-Zubair. M. Sc. Thesis, College of Science, University of Basrah, 108 pp. (In Arabic) Ali, T. S. and Hussain, N. A. 1990. Composition and seasonal fluctuations of intertidal fish assemblage in Khor Al-Zubair, northwest Arabian Gulf. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 6(1): 24-36. Al-Mudaffar, N.F. and Mahdi, B. A. 2014. Iraq’s inland water quality and their impact on the North-Western Arabian Gulf. Marsh Bulletin, 9 (1): 1-22. Al-Yamani, F.Y. 2008. Importance of the freshwater influx from the Shatt-Al-Arab River on the Gulf marine environment, 207-222. In: Abuzinada, A., Barth, H., Krupp, F., Böer, B. and Al-Abdessalaam, T.Z (Eds.). Protecting the Gulf’s Marine Ecosystems from Pollution. Birkhäuser Basel publisher , 1 st edition, XVI+ 285pp. Assadi, H. and Dehgani, R. P. 1997. Atlas of the Persian Gulf & the Sea of Oman Fishes. Iranian Fisheries Research and Training Organization, Tehran,Vol. 1, xx+226 pp. Bishop, J. M. 2003. History and current checklist of Kuwait’s Ichthyofauna. Journal of Arid Environments, 54: 237-256. Blegvad, H. and Løppenthin, B. 1944. Fishes of Iranian Gulf. Danish Scientific investigation in Iran, Copenhagen, 247 pp. Carpenter, K. E.; Krupp, F. ; Jones, D. A. and Zajonz, U. 1997. FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of Kuwait, Eastern Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates. Rome, FAO, 293 pp. Froese, R. and Pauly, D. (Eds.) 2018. FishBase. world wide Web electronic publication. Available at: www.fishbase.org (version 02/2018). Hussain, N. A., Ali, T.S. and Naama, A. K. 1994. The effect of a heavy river flood on the fish assemblage structure in Khor Al-Zubair, northwest Arabian Gulf, Iraq. Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria, 24 (2): 25-34. Hussain, N. A., Mohamed A. R. M. and Ali. T. S. 1999. The seasonal formation of thermocline, halocline and water masses in the Iraqi marine waters. Marina Mesopotamica, 14(2): 299-312. Hussain, N. A. and Naama, A. K. 1989. Survey of fauna of Khor Al-Zubair, northwest Arabian Gulf. Marina Mesopotamica, 4 (2): 161-197. Hussain, N. A., Naama, A. K. and Al-Hassan, L. A. J. 1988. Annotated checklist of the fish fauna of Khor Al-Zubair, north west of the Arabian Gulf, Iraq. Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria, 18 (1): 17-24. 176 Survey of the marine fishes Hussain, N. A. and Younis, K. H. 1997. Fish assemblage of Khor Shettana, northwestern Arabian Gulf, Iraq. Marina Mesopotamica, 12 (2): 331-356. Iwatsuki, Y., Jawad, L. A., Tanaka, F., Al-Busaidi, H., Al-Mamry, J. M. and Al-Kharusi, L. H. 2013. Omani fishes collected in the vicinity of Mutrah, Gulf of Oman and Madrakah, southern Oman through 3 to 13 October 2010. Bulletin of Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 59:29-43. Jabado, R. W., Al Ghais, S. M., Hamza, W., Shivji, M. S. and Henderson, A. C. 2015. Shark diversity in the Arabian/Persian Gulf higher than previously thought: insights based on species composition of shark landings in the United Arab Emirates. Marine Biodiversity, 45(4): 719-731. Khalaf, K.T. 1961. The marine and freshwater fishes of Iraq. Al Rabbita press. Baghdad, 104pp. Kuronuma, K. and Abe, Y. 1986. Fishes of Arabian Gulf. Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, 357 pp. Mahdi, N. 1962. Fishes of Iraq. Ministry of Education, Baghdad, 82 pp. Mahdi, N. and Georg, P. V. 1969. A systematic list of the vertebrates of Iraq. Iraq Natural History Museum, Publications, No 26:1-104. Mohamed, A. R. M., Hussain, N. A. and Ali, T. S. 2001. Estuarine components of the ichthyofauna of the Arabian Gulf. Marina Mesopotamica,16(2): 209-224. Nelson, J. S. 2006. Fishes of the World. 4th Edition. John Wiley & Sons Inc., New Jersey, xiv + 601 pp. Randall J. E. 1995. Coastal fishes of Oman. Crawford House Publishing Pty Ltd., Hawaii, 456 pp. Younis, K. H. 1990. A study of fish assemblage in the north of Khor Abdullah. M. Sc. Thesis, Marine Science Centre., University of Basrah, 95 pp. (In Arabic) https://scholar.google.com/scholar?oi=bibs&cluster=925697744934038685&btnI=1&hl=en https://scholar.google.com/scholar?oi=bibs&cluster=925697744934038685&btnI=1&hl=en https://scholar.google.com/scholar?oi=bibs&cluster=925697744934038685&btnI=1&hl=en 177 Abbas J. Al-Faisal and Falah M. Mutlak Bull. Iraq nat. Hist. Mus. December, (2018) 15 (2): 163-177 األسماك البحرية في العراق مسح ألنواع فالح معروف مطلك جاسم الفيصل وعباس العراق ،البصرة ،جامعة البصرة ،مركز علوم البحار 82/42/8492: تاريخ القبول 91/40/8492: تاريخ االستالم الخالصة األسماك المتواجدة في المياه البحرية العراقية للمدة من تشرين الثاني اجري مسح ألنواع .عائلة 75نوعاً تعود الى 214 الدراسة تسجيلشملت . 2018ولغاية اذار 2014 نوعاً ثم تلتها عائلة 24هي االكثر سيادة وتمثلت بـ Carangidaeعائلة وجدت Haemulidae نوعاً ثم عائلتي 11بـSerranidae و Sparidae ،بتسعة انواع لكل منهما .فقط اً واحد اً عائلة نوع 34 العوائل الـ بينما ضمت