Bull 531 BULLETIN OF THE IRAQ NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM Lam, D. H. Bull. Iraq nat. Hist. Mus. (2023) 17(4): 531-539. https://doi.org/10.26842/binhm.7.2023.17.4.0531 ORIGINAL ARTICLE ADDITIONAL INFORMATION OF AMPHIDROMUS INVERSUS ANNAMITICUS (CROSSE & P. FISCHER, 1863) (GASTROPODA, STYLOMMATOPHORA, CAMAENINAE) FROM VIETNAM Dang Hai Lam Department of Biology, School of Education, Can Tho University, Can Tho City, Vietnam. E-mail: lhdang@ctu.edu.vn Recived Date: 30 March 2023, Accepted Date 5 June 2023, Published Date:20 December 2023 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ABSTRACT As a part of the survey discovering the land snail fauna of Can Tho City, Vietnam, this study recorded snails for the first time in the city and an additional data on Amphidromus inversus annamiticus (Crosse & P. Fischer, 1863) for the plains of the Cuu Long River Delta. A. inversus annamiticus found in the study area has two types of shell spiraling, both dextral and sinistral, with or without a blackish brown spiral streak from the apex. All of the shells without that streak are sinistral and bigger in size compared to the ones with the color streak. Snail individuals were hibernating on the branches and trunks of landscape trees that include, Dipterocarpus alatus, Samanea saman, Khaya senegalensis, and Erythrina fusca. Keywords: Amphidromus, Camaeninae, Land snails, Plains, Vietnam. INTRODUCTION Amphidromus inversus annamiticus (Crosse & Fischerm 1863) is a member of a large snail genus, Amphidromus Albers, 1850, characterized by its colorful shells and arboreal habit, especially by the presence of dimorphic shells spiraling called dextral (clockwise) and sinistral (counterclockwise). The subspecies was reported in some countries of Southeast Asia, such as Vietnam, Cambodia, Thailand, and Laos presented that having two shell coiling styles (Pilsbry, 1900; Laidlaw and Solem 1961; Solem, 1965; Sutcharit and Panha, 2006; Schileyko, 2011; Inkhavilay et al., 2017). The Cuu Long River Delta, Mekong Delta, or Southeastern Vietnam is a large part of the south of Vietnam, including both the mainland and islands of 13 provinces and cities. The mainland part has an area of 39,747 km2 located between 8°34’N-11°10’N and 104°25’E- 106°48’E. The delta is one of the most biodiversity places in Vietnam with 12 natural conservation areas (National Parks, Natural Reserves, and Biosphere Reserves) were known currently. The terrain of the Cuu Long River Delta is almost plain, with some mountains and islands in the west, the bordering Cambodia and Thailand gulf (Le et al., 2010). Besides the data of land snails reported in mountainous and islands with 45 species recorded, there were BULLETIN OF THE IRAQ NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM Iraq Natural History Research Center & Museum, University of Baghdad https://jnhm.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/BINHM/Home Copyright © Bulletin of the Iraq Natural History Museum Online ISSN: 2311-9799-Print ISSN: 1017-8678 https://doi.org/10.26842/binhm.7.2023.17.4.0531 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1236-1087 mailto:lhdang@ctu.edu.vn https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ https://jnhm.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/BINHM/Home 532 BULLETIN OF THE IRAQ NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM Additional information of Amphidromus seven species found in plain of Tram Chim National park (Dong Thap Province) and Cu Lao Dung (Soc Trang Province) (Pfeiffer, 1861; Crosse and Fischer, 1863; Bavay and Dautzenberg, 1909; van Benthem Jutting, 1962; Vermeulen et al., 2007; Schileyko, 2011; Do et al., 2012; Nguyen and Nguyen, 2016; Nguyen et al., 2020; Tran et al., 2021). Also, there was no report of A. inversus annamiticus in the plain of the delta. This study aims to provide the first data on land snails in Can Tho City and additional information about A. inversus annamiticus in the Cuu Long River delta. MATERIALS AND METHODS Specimens collection and photographs: The survey was performed in March 2023 around Can Tho City, Vietnam. There were five sampling sites (Map 1) having the presence of Amphidromus inversus annamiticus (Tabl. 1). Snails were collected by hand sorting for all alive individuals and dried shells following the method of Vermeulen and Maassen (2003). The specimens collected were packed in a plastic box that had notes about the time, location, GPS coordinates, and habitat of the sampling site. After that, snails were put on leaves to unfreeze them, and then pictures were captured to show their morphologies alive. Snail bodies were removed from their shells and then preserved in 70% alcohol solution; the empty shell was cleaned by using fire ants. Map (1): Shows map of collecting specimens of Amphidromus inversus annamiticus; (A) Vietnam map, (B) Map of Ninh Kieu District (Can Tho City), (C) sampling locations in Campus II, Can Tho University. 533 BULLETIN OF THE IRAQ NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM Lam, D. H. The morphology of snail pictures was taken by a Fujifilm XA3 digital camera, and grouped using Adobe Photoshop CS6 software. All morphological measurements were conducted in millimeters. All shells and bodies of snails were deposited, along with the collection of land snails in the Laboratory of Zoology, School of Education, Can Tho University. Specimens’ identification: Snails collected were identified the morphologies of their shells as follow the descriptions and keys of Sutcharit and Panha (2006), Nguyen and Nguyen (2016); plants identifications and information were used followed the description on National Parks Flora and Fauna Web (2023). The source of species names and synonyms were from Crosse and Fischer (1863), Mabille and Mesle (1866), Morlet (1889), Pilsbry (1900), Laidlaw and Solem (1961), Solem (1965), Sutcharit and Panha (2006), Schileyko (2011), Nguyen and Nguyen (2016). Gude (1902), Abbott (1989), and Zilch (1953). Abbreviation H = Shell heigth, D = Shell wide, L0 = Aperture heigth, l0 = Aperture wide RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Totally, 18 alive snails (13 dextral and five sinistral spiralings) have been found, hibernating on the trunks and branches of Dipterocarpus alatus Roxb. (eight matures), Samanea saman (Jacq.) Merr. (two matures), Khaya senegalensis (Desr.) A. Juss. (two matures), and Erythrina fusca Lour. (six immatures). However, only seven individuals of mature snails were collected for classification and morphological analyses. Among 18 individuals recorded, 16 shells had a blackish brown spiral streak from the apex, faded to the third whorl, and two shells had no blackish brown spiral streak (only sinistral spiraling). Family, Camaenidae Albers, 1850 Genus, Amphidromus Albers, 1850 Amphidromus inversus annamiticus (Crosse & Fischer, 1863) Original name: Bulimus annamiticus Crosse and Fischer, 1863: 357-359 (Saigon, Vietnam; syntype MNHM). Mabille and Mesle, 1866: 128. Synonyms: Amphidromus annamiticus – Morlet, 1889: 126. Amphidromus inversus annamiticus – Pilsbry, 1900: 169–170. Laidlaw and Solem, 1961: 561, 600. Solem, 1965: 624. Sutcharit and Panha 2006: 9. Schileyko, 2011: 50. Nguyen and Nguyen, 2016: 106. Amphidromus inversus annamiticus var. roseotincta – Pilsbry, 1900: 170. Laidlaw and Solem, 1961: 561, 655–656. Solem, 1965: 624. Amphidromus inversus var. annamiticus – Gude, 1902: 50, 51. Abbott, 1989: 160. Amphidromus inversus roseotincta – Zilch, 1953: 135. Material examined: 05 alive matures (03 dextral, 02 sinistral) (LS.012.06), Dipterocarpus alatus trunk (10°01'48.8"N 105°46'07.3"E), Campus 2, Can Tho University, Can Tho City, 1.iii.2023; 02 alive matures (sinistral) (LS.012.07), Khaya senegalensis trunk (10°03'43.8"N, 105°46'55.6"E), Khuong Islet, Ninh Kieu District, Can Tho City, 2.iii.2023, all coll. Lam Hai Dang. 534 BULLETIN OF THE IRAQ NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM Additional information of Amphidromus Number of snail found 04 alives 04 alives 04 alives 04 alives 02 alives T a b le ( 1 ): C o ll ec ti n g s it es o f A m p h id ro m u s in ve rs u s a n n a m it ic u s in C an T h o C it y , V ie t N am Collector Lam Hai Dang Lam Hai Dang Lam Hai Dang Lam Hai Dang Lam Hai Dang Time 01 Mar. 2023 01 Mar. 2023 01 Mar. 2023 01 Mar. 2023 02 Mar. 2023 Location Campus 2, Can Tho University Campus 2, Can Tho University Campus 2, Can Tho University Campus 2, Can Tho University Khuong Islet GPS coordinates 10°01'49.6"N 105°46'07.6"E 10°01'48.8"N 105°46'07.3"E 10°01'44.8"N 105°46'06.1"E 10°01'44.2"N 105°46'07.0"E 10°03'43.8"N, 105°46'55.6"E V eg et at io n D es cr ip ti o n a n d e th n o b o ta n y F lo w er s p ro d u ce d as d en se p o w d er p u ff cl u st er w it h n u m er o u s fi la m en to u s st am en s, p in k ab o v e an d w h it e b el o w . S ee d fl es h y w it h th ic k en ed ed g es an d co n st ri ct ed in b et w ee n se ed s; co n ta in n u m er o u s d ar k b ro w n s ee d s em b ed d ed i n s ti ck y , b ro w n is h -b la ck p u lp . L ea v es al te rn at e, b ip in n at el y -c o m p o u n d , w it h sm al l as y m m et ri ca l le af le ts . F lo w er s la rg e, b is ex u al ; ca ly x 5 p ar ts , 2 a re l o n g , w h il e 3 s h o rt ; p et al s la rg e, s tr o n g ly c o n to rt e d , cr ea m -w h it e w it h a p in k , re d o r p u rp le st ri p e d o w n th e ce n te r. N u t su rr o u n d ed b y th e ca ly x , co m p ar at iv e ly l ar g e; c al y x t u b e g la b ro u s, s u b g lo b o se , 5 w in g s o f 8 m m b ro ad . L ea v es ar e n ar ro w ly o v at e to el li p ti ca l- o b lo n g , b as e ro u n d ed , ap ex ac u te , sp ar se ly p u b es ce n t ab o v e, b en ea th d en se ly p u b es ce n t. F lo w er s b ri g h t re d ; fl o w er s st al k ed , h el d al o n g o n e m ai n ax is (r ac em e) . F ru it s ar e fl at te n ed w o o d y p o d s (1 5 -2 0 c m l o n g , 2 c m w id e) ; th e p o d h as a v el v et -l ik e te x tu re , co n ta in s 3 - 1 5 e ll ip so id se ed s. L ea f is t ri fo li at e, c o n si st in g o f 3 o v at e le af le ts ; th e te rm in al le af le t is s li g h tl y l ar g er t h an t h e la te ra l le af le ts . F lo w er s le ss t h an 1 cm w id e, b o rn e in c lu st er s, a n d p al e w h it e in co lo r; e ac h h as 5 s m al l p et al s. F ru it s h av e w o o d y c ap su le s w h ic h sp li t o p en w it h 3 o r 4 v al v es ; E ac h f ru it c o n ta in s n u m er o u s se ed s w it h b ro w n w in g s at tw o en d s, h o ri zo n ta ll y ar ra n g ed . L ea f ar ra n g em en t is a lt er n at e; t h e le av es a re o d d o r p in n a te c o m p o u n d s. T h e le af le ts a re o b lo n g , d ar k g re en o n t h e u p p er b u t m o re l ig h t o n th e u n d er si d e V ie tn am es e n am e Còng Dầu con rái Muồng hoa đỏ Xà cừ C o m m o n n am e Rain tree Resin tree Purple coraltree African mahogany S ci en ti fi c n am e Samanea saman (Jacq.) Merr. Dipterocarpus alatus Roxb. Erythrina fusca Lour. Erythrina fusca Lour. Khaya senegalensis (Desr.) A. Juss. No. 1 2 3 4 5 535 BULLETIN OF THE IRAQ NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM Lam, D. H. Plate (1): Shells (1) and alive individuals (2) of A. inversus annamiticus; (A) Dextral snail with brown spiral streak, (B) Sinistral snail with brown spiral streak, (C) Sinistral snail without brown spiral streak. Scale bar = 10mm. 536 BULLETIN OF THE IRAQ NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM Additional information of Amphidromus Description: Large-sized shell snail (H = 44.3 – 51.6, D = 24.5 – 31.5, L0 = 19.2 – 24.1, l0 = 17 – 21); dimorphically coiled; near rhombus shaped; last whorl has lower half in blackish brown (clearly separated); color gradually lightens to the top whorls, intermingled of pink and brown streaks that same direction with the growth lines; shell thickened and smooth; spire high and narrow; seven whorls with clear suture; the first four whorls slightly pink, with or without a blackish brown spiral streak from the apex; aperture broad, ovate, without operculum; Parietal callus white or transparent; peristome white, smooth, slightly thickened, folded; umbilicus small, obscured by peristome folded. Distribution: Vietnam (Kien Giang, An Giang, Ho Chi Minh city, Dong Nai, Phu Yen); Cambodia; Thailand; Laos (Laidlaw and Solem, 1961; Sutcharit et al., 2006; Schileyko, 2011; Inkhavilay et al., 2017; Nguyen and Nguyen, 2016). Remark: Individuals without blackish brown spiral streak having a large size (H = 48.2 – 51.6 mm, D = 28.7 – 31.5, L0 = 20.3 – 24.1, l0 = 19.2 – 21.0) than the whole with that streak (H = 44.3 – 47.4, D = 24.5 – 27.0, L0 = 19.2 – 23.0, l0 = 17.0 – 17.8). Prior to this study, several records found A. inversus annamiticus in the Cuu Long River Delta only in mountains and islands of Kien Giang Province (Kien Luong Distr., Ha Tien Distr., and Kien Hai Distr.: Hon Tre Isl., Lai Son Isl., An Son Isl.), and mountains in An Giang Province, no reports were found in the plains. In the survey of three islands of Kien Giang Province, Nguyen and Nguyen found that the subspecies usually hang on the branches and leaves of mango trees (Laidlaw and Solem, 1961; Sutcharit et al., 2006; Schileyko, 2011; Inkhavilay et al., 2017; Nguyen and Nguyen, 2016). On the contrary, there were no individuals of the snail found in that type of tree but in landscaping plants (Dipterocarpus alatus, Samanea saman, Khaya senegalensis, and Erythrina fusca) in this study. In addition, tourism has developed very well in recent years, and tourists tend to go to islands and mountains around the delta. This situation has posed the question that the taxon has already been here or just been picked up by artificial effects. However, this study just provides new records of A. inversus annamiticus in the plains of the Cuu Long River Delta, the evidence to prove the state about the appearance of the taxon in this region is rudimentary, so more data needs to be collected to have a better discussion. CONCLUSIONS A. inversus annamiticus was found in the plains of the Cuu Long River Delta in five sampling sites. Among 18 individuals found, including dextral and sinistral spiral shells, and with or without blackish brown spiral streak. This study provided the first data on the taxon in the plains of the delta. Snails only hanging on the landscaping trees lead us to a question about whether the taxa appear in the study area. However, that state is just a first thought and needs more data for further analysis. CONFLECT OF INTEREST STATEMENT The author declares no conflict of interest related to the work in a manuscript. 537 BULLETIN OF THE IRAQ NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM Lam, D. H. LITERATURE CITED Abbott, R. T. 1989. 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Taxonomic review of the tree snail genus Amphidromus Albers, 1850 (Pulmonata: Camaenidae) in Laos, with the description of two new species. European Journal of Taxonomy, 330: 1-40. [Crossref] Laidlaw, F.F. and Solem, G.A. 1961. The land snail genus Amphidromus: a synoptic catalogue. Chicago Natural History Museum, 677pp. Le, T., Nguyen, T.M., Le, H., Nguyen, P.V., Nguyen, T.Q., Nguyen, S.T., Hoang, L.P., Tran, D.N. and Thanh, L.N. 2010. Vietnam Provinces and Cities. Viet Nam Education Publishing House, 1096pp. Mabille, J. and Le Mesle, G. 1866. Observations sur la faune malacologique de la Cochinchine et du Cambodje, comprenant la description des espèces nouvelles. Journal de Conchyliologie.,14(2): 117-138. Morlet, L. 1889. Catalogue des coquilles recueillies par M. Pavie dans le Cambodge et le royaume de Siam et description d'espèces nouvelles. Journal de Conchyliologie, 29: 121-200. Nguyen, T. T. and Nguyen, B. V. 2016. First data about land snail in the island of Kien Hai district - Kien Giang province. Can Tho University Journal of Science 45: 97-109. [Crossref] https://www.nparks.gov.sg/florafaunaweb/species-search https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2017.330 http://10.0.86.128/ctu.jvn.2016.516 538 BULLETIN OF THE IRAQ NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM Additional information of Amphidromus Nguyen, T. T., Lam, K. H., Tran, T. A. T. and Nguyen, A. D. 2020. The diversity and distribution of Soil mesofauna (Mesofauna group) in Tram Chim National Park – Dong Thap province. Can Tho University Journal of Science, 56(4A): 33-43. [CrossRef] Pfeiffer, L. 1861. Descriptions of forty-seven new species of land shells, from the collection of H. Cuming, Esq. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 29: 20-29. Pilsbry, H. 1900. Manual of Conchology, Structural and Systematic, with Illustrations of the Species, Second Series, Vol. 13. Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. 253pp. Schileyko, A.A. 2011. Check-list of land pulmonate molluscs of Vietnam (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora). Ruthenica, 21(1): 1-68. Solem, A. 1965. Land snails of the genus Amphidromus from Thailand (Mollusca: Pulmonata: Camaenidae). Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 117(3519): 615- 628. Sutcharit, C. and Panha, S. 2006. Taxonomic review of the tree snail Amphidromus Albers, 1850 (Pulmonata: Camaenidae) in Thailand and adjacent areas: subgenus Amphidromus. Journal of Molluscan Studies, 72(1): 1-30. [CrossRef] Tran, T. A. T., Cao, V. V., Tran, T. A. and Lam D. H. 2021. Diversity and distribution of soil invertebrates in Cu Lao Dung District, Soc Trang Province. Dong Thap University Journal of Science, 10(3): 46-55. [CrossRef] van Benthem Jutting, W. 1962. Coquilles terrestres nouvelles de quelques collines calcaires du Cambodge et du Sud Vietnam. Journal de conchyliologie, 102(2): 3-15. Vermeulen, J. J. and Maassen, W. J. M. 2003. The non-marine mollusks fauna of the Pu Luong, Cuc Phuong, Phu Ly and Ha Long regions in Northern Vietnam. A survey for the Vietnam Programme of FFI (Flora and Fauna International), 35 pp. Vermeulen, J., Phung, C.L. and Truong, T.Q. 2007. New species of terrestrial molluscs (Caenogastropoda, Pupinidae & Pulmonata, Vertiginidae) of the Hon Chong–Ha Tien limestone hills, Southern Vietnam. Basteria, 71: 81-92. Zilch, A. 1953. Die Typen und Typoide des Natur-Museums Senckenberg 10: Mollusca, Pleurodontidae (l). Archiv für Molluskenkunde, 82: 131-140. http://doi.org/10.22144/ctu.jvn.2020.080 https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/eyi044 https://doi.org/10.52714/dthu.10.3.2021.867 539 BULLETIN OF THE IRAQ NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM Lam, D. H. Bull. Iraq nat. Hist. Mus. (2023) 17(4): 531-539. القوقع معلومات إضافية عن Amphidromus inversus annamiticus (Crosse & P. Fischer, 1863) (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Camaeninae) من فيتنام دانغ هاي الم ، كلية التربية، جامعة كان ثو، مدينة كان ثو، فيتنام.علوم الحياةقسم 20/12/2023، تأريخ النشر: 5/6/2023القبول: يخ ، تأر 30/3/2023تأريخ االستالم: الخالصة Amphidromusألول مرة في مدينة كان ثو، فيتنام النويعسجلت هذه الدراسة inversus annamiticus (Crosse & P. Fischer, 1863) ، الستكشافكجزء من املسح ، و عثر دلتا نهر كو لونغ ،لسهول املنطقة هبيانات إضافية عنمع القواقع األرضية فونا من النوع الحلزونية املعكوسة في منطقة الدراسة، كالهما الصدفةمن شكلينعلى dextral و sinistral ، او بدونه خط حلزوني بني مسود من القمة ذو. تكون متعرجة وأكبر حجًما مقارنة بتلك الخط يع األصداف التي ال تحتوي علىجم في حالة سبات التي لوحظت خالل الدراسة كانت . أفراد القواقععليهتحتوي ي الت Dipterocarpus alatusضمت: على أغصان وجذوع األشجار الطبيعية التي شتوي . Erythrina fuscaو Khaya senegalensisو Samanea samanو