CELTIC: A Journal of Culture, English a Teaching, Literature & Linguistics

ISSN: 2356-0401, E-ISSN: 2621-9158, VOL. 6, NO. 1, June 2019.

VIRTUAL REALITY SYSTEM FOR JOB INTERVIEW

APPLICATION:

A DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH

Moh.KholilurrahmanJailani.
1
, LaelaHikmahNurbatra

English Language Education Department, University of Muhammadiyah Malang– Indonesia
1
;

English Language Education Department, University of Muhammadiyah Malang– Indonesia
2

mkholilurrahmanj@gmail.com; nurbatra@umm.ac.id

*: corresponding author

Abstract

Technology has become more sophisticated and widely used in pedagogical process. One of

sophisticated technologies that is recently known and became attractive towards the public

attention is Virtual Reality. This system applied simulated object and artificial environment like

the real-world version. A need analysis conducted by Jailani (2017)on the use of VR for

Business English students indicated that the students were interested and enthusiastic to learn

job interview.The objective in the current research is to develop Virtual Reality System for Job

Interview in Business English class at University of Muhammadiyah Malang. In doing so, the

present research applied seven procedures in Research and Development design which aimed to

develop some features and contents that are applied on Job Interview application. The subjects

of this research are students from Business English (BE) class, English Language Education

Department of UMM academic year 2016/2017. Observation, questionnaire, and documentation

were employed to collect the data. The data were then transcribed and analyzed to reach the

research purpose.The result revealed that the application is in very valid category that reached

93.33% for product and design validation; while 93.75% for content validation. Moreover,

additional features were developed on stuffs, scoring system, and button to make the users more

interested in using VR. In addition, it was found that the students of Business English as users

were motivated and attracted in conducting job interview simulation through Virtual Reality.

Keywords: Job Interview application, Virtual Reality, Business English students.

INTRODUCTION

To a large degree, the notion of technology becomes significantly urging on the

aspect of utilizing people to help their activities in their daily life nowadays. It is known

that technology is always updated rapidly in every single space of human needs.

Motteram (2013) stated that technology continues to be used for all sorts of specific

language learning activities, such as the development of speaking, writing, and reading.

In line with this, the use of smarthphone as one of media in develompment of

technology has emerged in education for learning. Learning activities with smartphones,

facilitate and attract students to learn, so that their perspective extended (Rambitan,

2015). In line with that idea, Clayton & Murphy (2016) reported that students use

smartphone or mobile phone in the percentage of 88% nowadays in overall.

mailto:mkholilurrahmanj@gmail.com
mailto:nurbatra@umm.ac.id

CELTIC: A Journal of Culture, English a Teaching, Literature & Linguistics

ISSN: 2356-0401, E-ISSN: 2621-9158, VOL. 6, NO. 1, June 2019.

One of the sophisticated technologies that uses smartphone to run the system is

Virtual Reality System. This term came to the public’s attention in the late 1980’s and

1990’s that may be manipulated and moved through by a user in real time in describing

a computer-generated virtual environment (Mandal, 2013). It relates with simulated

objects in that environment or situation like the real-world vision. This technology

becomes well-known and fashionable in current decade because of the idea of life view

when user used it and interacted with Synthetic environment. Synthetic Environment is

used to describe computer-mediated human interaction with the simulated environment

which also includes physical reaction (Draper et al., 1999, as cited in Ma & Kaber,

2006).

Since Palmer Luckey created Oculus Rift to make Virtual Reality System working

inside the software connected with the glasses in March of 2014, it becomes popular in

the field of new technology expanded (Clark, 2014). Recently, Virtual Reality (VR)

known for having game simulation like the VR product from Palmer Luckey applied,

users can use it like they are in the real-life situation. The development of Virtual

Reality System in educational environment emerges in huge interaction such as

educational games and Virtual Reality as Disruptive Technologies (Psotka, 2013),

Virtual Reality in teaching environmental engineering (Burnley, 2017), Virtual Reality

for learning style and teaching learning process (Gutiérrez, Mora, Diaz, & Marrero,

2017), Virtual Reality in medicine (Gutiérrez et al., 2017), Virtual Reality Engineering

Education (Abulrub, Attridge, & Williams, 2011), Virtual Reality in Biology Education

(Shim et al, 2010).

A recent study on pointing Virtual Reality for an incredible future technology

besides implementing on game simulation has already been done by some experts.

Wilson, Soranzo, & Sheffield (2015) concluded that the use of VR in psychological

study has increased because its benefits afforded over traditional experimental apparatus

in the possibility of creating more ecologically valid stimulus presentation and response

protocols and more strict control of the environment. In healthcare field, students can

directly examine and interact with virtual patient as well as learn sill like in a real world

so that they can surgery and even perform procedures on a virtual patient in safe and

controlled environment, and this system has wide applications ranging from diagnosis,

counselling, treatment, and rehabilitation, to designing of hospitals (Chaudhury, 2014).

The other way of developing Virtual Reality System on educational fields would

involve the students of Business English in terms of practicing job interview before they

apply for job.

Business English subject is part of English for Specific Purposes as a distinct field

from General English (Bereczky & Gabor, 2009).Kučírková, Vogeltanzová, &

Jarkovská (2011) stated that Business English course concerns on the use of knowledge

in business and management sphere, in negotiations with foreign partners, in the sphere

of research etc. One of the courses in Business English that deals with the preparation of

CELTIC: A Journal of Culture, English a Teaching, Literature & Linguistics

ISSN: 2356-0401, E-ISSN: 2621-9158, VOL. 6, NO. 1, June 2019.

job fields is Job Interview. Job Interview is the current issue that author takes away

from the needs of students that they plan to have a job after they have graduated. Job

Interviews Guide (2011) identified what the candidate of employees are looking for,

know what you can offer them, prepare yourself well and promote yourself as the best

match to their needs. This is the effort of the author to attain the aim of VR function on

educational term to make the learners more enjoyable in learning and increase the

speaking skill by using media supported device.

Regarding that field of study, the researcher develops Virtual Reality in educational

environment, by focusing on the implementation of Virtual Reality System on Business

English students. Business English (BE) in the University of Muhammadiyah Malang

(UMM) is an elective course at English Language Education Department (ELED)

Faculty of Teacher Training and Education. This study learns about the matters found in

business place. In the early level, it talks about how to write a systematic and good

Business letter as its tool to interact or to make a convention with the others.

Needs analysis media in Job Interviews presented that the use of Virtual Reality

System on VR Glasses is needed to be developed for students of Business English

UMM in practicing job interview before they face the real environment of interview

(Jailani, 2017). Students thought that the early existance of Virtual Reality technology

facilitates them in interesting and fun learning on educational fields because they only

know about the concept of interview without getting a chance to directly train

themselves in the interview simulation. Hence, VR Glasses with the use of software

inside smartphone should be developed in terms of the features and additional questions

in order to make the students more practice especially in speaking activity.

In this research, the author will develop a Virtual Reality System on media to

increase students’ speaking ability and prepare them for practicing job interview which

is used in software application of Job Interview Simulation by VR Glasses. The author

will conduct Research and Development Program with the title “Developing Software

of Job Interview Application on Virtual Reality System Using VR Glasses for Business

English Students”. Therefore, the research of the problem is focused on how Virtual

Reality System can develop the software of Job Interview Application using VR

Glasses.

METHOD

Research Design

This research uses Research and Development design which can be interpreted as the

use of research method for researching, producing, and examining a new product so that

it can be developed according to the needs (Sugiyono, 2011). Additionally,

Sukmadinata (2013, as cited in Novitasari, 2016) stated that this kind of research

method is the step or process to develop a new product or complete design of the

CELTIC: A Journal of Culture, English a Teaching, Literature & Linguistics

ISSN: 2356-0401, E-ISSN: 2621-9158, VOL. 6, NO. 1, June 2019.

existing product that can be accounted. Moreover, Borg and Gall (2003, as cited in

Walisongo, 1983)supported that the process of R & D studying research finding that

will be developed, developing the product, field testing, and revising the product.

The Research and Development design will be used by the researcher to develop the

software of job interview application by using Virtual Reality System. This research

focuses on the development of design, content, and features of the job interview

software. The aim of the Virtual Reality application development is to develop materials

that will be applied in the VR application in the context of job interview.

Research Subject

The subjects of this research are 10 students from 65 students that already knew

about the technology of virtual reality before. The students are from business English

(BE) class English Language Education Department at one of Universities in Malang,

East Java academic year 2016/2017. The selected subjects have studied Business

English as the one of the elective courses in English Language Education Department;

this course also gives a chance to the students to do the apprenticeship program. An

apprenticeship program gives a chance to the students in entering the workforce to

combine on-the-job training with academic instruction that they learned before. This

apprenticeship helps students implement their academic skills toward practical use in

various work-fields.

Model and Procedure of Development

Research and Development approach by adapting Sugiyono’s Model is conducted.

Sugiyono (2011) describes the ten steps of research and development implementation

strategy as follows:

Figure 1. Steps of Research and Development

However, the current research modifies the steps into 7 procedures. The procedure of

Research and Development in developing job interview application on Virtual Reality

System for Business English students is explained as follow:

CELTIC: A Journal of Culture, English a Teaching, Literature & Linguistics

ISSN: 2356-0401, E-ISSN: 2621-9158, VOL. 6, NO. 1, June 2019.

Pre-research

Identificatio

n of

problems

1. Potential and

Problems

2. Data

collection

Product

Design

4. Design

Validation

5. Design

Revision

7. Final

Product

6. Trial of

user

Figure 2. Procedure of Research and Development

1. Potential and Problems

Pre-Research is conducted by the researcher on students of Business English Class.

It aims to identify the potential and problems on having a good interview and getting

information to design the purpose of the study. The researcher analyses some aspects,

which are curriculum, teaching materials, and teaching media.

2. Data Collection

Once the potentials and problems can be demonstrated factually and up to date,

further information needs to be gathered as material for specific product planning that is

expected to address the problem. Collecting the data is also designing the use of Virtual

Reality System to apply the application of job interview.

3. Product Design

The products that produced in Research and Development research is the media of

learning by using Virtual Reality Glasses in the field of technology. The used of

application to apply on that related media was designed on the system of Virtual Reality

with the real situation of job interview session. This product will be developed on the

features and job interview question that needed by the interviewee.

4. Design Validation

Design validation is the process involving someone who have been expert to assess

and evaluate the product design. This validation proposes to optimize the work of

application before trial. There are two experts who will validate this product. The first

expert focuses on validating the use of technology on application. This expert currently

works at the Department of Informatics Engineering and has Master Degree of Science.

He ever did research in information Science, Algorithms and Artificial Intelligence. His

current project is ‘Indonesian Twitter NLP’ and ‘Indexing for multi-feature data’. His

skills and expertise are in Feature Extraction, Image Segmentation, Information

Retrieval, Image Retrieval, and Abstracting and Indexing as Topic. He also ever became

Head of Informatics and Engineering Department. The second expert focuses on

validating the content of application related to the job interview. The second expert is

the lecturer of Business English. This expert is senior lecturer in English Language

CELTIC: A Journal of Culture, English a Teaching, Literature & Linguistics

ISSN: 2356-0401, E-ISSN: 2621-9158, VOL. 6, NO. 1, June 2019.

Education Department and the Director of Kursus Bahasa Asing (KBA) which has

doctoral degree and qualified in recruiting staff and doing interview for the job in her

office.

5. Design Revision

After the expert validated the design of the product, the researcher develops the

product by doing some revision about the design. This term can be concerned to the

comments, suggestion, or even evaluated items in the rubric of validation.

6. Trial of user

After testing the product successfully, then the next product that has been revised by

expert applied new additional aspects on application. The users will try the product with

the need analysis before. Therefore, the researcher used data collection which is the

most strategic step in the research because the main purpose of the research is to get

data. Data collection conducted in this study is as follows:

- Observation

In this study, the researcher used observation in order to collect information and get

descriptive condition to provide answers on how Business English students learned

about interview in learning process. The activity can be related to the way teacher

teaches, student learns, media uses, and etc. Additionally, this observation aimed to not

only observing the subject but also knowing about the existing of Virtual Reality

System that can be used for media in learning interview by the students in facing job-

market process.

In line with this, this study uses participant observation when the researcher is

involved in learning process of Business English class with the other students.

Therefore, this kind of observation can be easily analyzed by the researcher to get

description and some related problems in interview session.

- Questionnaire

The author gives a list of questions (questionnaires) that must be filled and

submitted. The type of questionnaire used is closed which is a set of questionnaires with

possible answers available, where respondents only choose one of the possible answers.

To complete the answer, this kind of questionnaire applied multiple choice that have to

be filled by the respondents.

In this study, questionnaires areequipped to obtain the expert’ validation and users’

validation. The questionnaires which are given to the expert have the aim to assess and

test the validity of the product of job interview application. The expert will give score,

comments, and suggestions in terms of three criteria of validation, namely Product

Validation, Design Validation, and Content Validation. Product and Design validation

need to be evaluated with the expert regarding on the appropriate technology that

applied on the Virtual Reality System. Meanwhile, for content validation, the expert

CELTIC: A Journal of Culture, English a Teaching, Literature & Linguistics

ISSN: 2356-0401, E-ISSN: 2621-9158, VOL. 6, NO. 1, June 2019.

will concern on the material of job interview that has been implemented in the form of

questions for student’s practice.

The questionnaires for the users have the purpose to know the users’ feedback about

the use of media after they tried it. The users which are the students of Business English

Class in English Language Education Department will give their score, comments, and

suggestions in terms of three criteria, namely Product, Content, and Design. The

proposed of statements in users’ validation questionnaire address to decide the

application of the product. Therefore, these questionnaires were used to find out the

respond about job interview application that developed using Virtual Reality System.

- Documentation

Documentation process was used to get the data concerning on developing the

design for job interview application. The document analysis that used by the researcher

is the lecturer’s material in the form of slide presentation about job interview that have

been delivered to the Business English students. This method was proposed as the

evidence developing the media to the Business English students that is through

analyzing document that have been taken at the moment when the author observed the

learning process (Sukmadinata, 2016). The documentation focuses on related job

interview questions that will use as consideration in developing content material in job

interview application.

7. Final Product

Making this final product will be done if the product has been tested effectively and

ready to use. It concerned about the result of expert validation and the user’s trial. The

final product hopefully can be applied on regular practice for the students if they need to

train themselves in interview session. This final product also will be able to be used in

different context for university students who need to practice for job interview.

Data Analysis

The researcher analyzed the data from observation and questionnaire session based

on procedures in order to answer the research problems. The procedures of analyzing

data are described as follows:

1. Analyzing lecturer’s material in the form of slide presentation about job interview

to review about the use of question for job interview application.

2. Classifying the data from observation to develop the job interview application

design in order to make it appropriate based on the needs of Business English

student to practice with the question of interview.

3. Classifying the data from the experts’ questionnaire regarding on the validation of

technology and content.

CELTIC: A Journal of Culture, English a Teaching, Literature & Linguistics

ISSN: 2356-0401, E-ISSN: 2621-9158, VOL. 6, NO. 1, June 2019.

4. Analyzing the data from first experts regarding on technology validation in the

form of product and design validation.

5. Analyzing the data from second experts regarding on content validation in the form

of the appropriate material for job interview questions.

6. Analyzing the score of experts’ validations by the formula below.

𝑁𝑖𝑙𝑎𝑖 =
The number of validation scores obtained

The maximum number of validation scores
𝑥 100%

The result of data percentage was converted based on the criteria in table 1 below.

No Validity Criteria Validity Level

1 85.01 % - 100.00 %

Very Valid, or it can be

used without revision

2 70.01 % - 85.00 %

Quite Valid, or it can be

used but needs minor

revision

3 50.01 % - 70.00 %

Less Valid, it is

recommended not to be

used because of major

revisions

4 01.0 % - 50.00 % Invalid, or it may not be

used

Source: Akbar, 2013

Table 1 is Validity Criteria and Validity Level of the Product

7. Analyzing the data from users’ questionnaire to find out the response of students

after trying to use the media.

8. The researcher draws the conclusion based on data analysis.

FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS

Findings

The researcher presents the findings of the study which include application validity,

trial of users, and product design.

- Application Validity

In order to ensure that the application of Virtual Reality is ready to use for practicing

job interview by the students, validation was needed and conducted by the researcher

toward two experts. The first expert focused on the validation of product and design in

the implementation of job interview on Virtual Reality. The second expert concerned to

the three types of rubric, namely rubric for interviewee, interviewer, and interview

content. The application validity by the validator was done before the application try out

toward the students. The first validation about the product and the design of the

application was done by the expert from Informatics Engineering Department with the

following result:

CELTIC: A Journal of Culture, English a Teaching, Literature & Linguistics

ISSN: 2356-0401, E-ISSN: 2621-9158, VOL. 6, NO. 1, June 2019.

CRITERIA STATEMENTS SCORE

Product

Validation

1. Virtual reality

system is easy to use
4

2. The program menu

is easy to choose
4

3. The accuracy of the

button reaction on

the program menu is

relevant

4. Regularity and

consistency of

button display are

appropriate

5. The ability of virtual

reality to create real

context of job

interview is relevant

for the user

6. Overall system

presented is run well
4

7. Virtual Reality

products in the use

of job interview

application have

been appropriated

with the user's

needs.

Design

Validation

1. The arrangement

and location of the

text and images are

appropriate with the

user’s view

2. Suitability of

background

selection is

appropriate with the

real context

3. Interviewer display

is appropriate with

the real context

4. The color selection

is attractive
4

CELTIC: A Journal of Culture, English a Teaching, Literature & Linguistics

ISSN: 2356-0401, E-ISSN: 2621-9158, VOL. 6, NO. 1, June 2019.

5. The selection of font

and type are

appropriate with the

user’s view

6. The environment

presented is

appropriate with the

real context

7. The environment

presented is

attractive

8. Virtual reality

display for job

interview is

suggested for the

user who want to

know the real

context of interview

session

Total 56

Validation Score 93.33%

Table 2 is The Result of Product and Design Validation on the Implementation of Job Interview

on Virtual Reality

The Application of Job Interview in terms of the system was validated based on the

assessment of two aspects, namely: (a) product validation and (b) design validation.

According to the validation by the expert, the score of the product and the design

validation reach 93.33% which was obtained from the calculation of the scores of

statements in the rubric.

The next validation is about the content which focused on the interviewee,

interviewer, and the interview question. It was done by the expert from English

Language Education Department who teaches the elective course of Business English

subject. The expert is familiar to the recruitment of employee and interview session. So

that the rubric is more detail on the content of the application with the following result:

CRITERIA STATEMENTS SCORE

Rubric for

Interviewee

1. The interview questions

are understandable
4

2. User is easy to answer 4

CELTIC: A Journal of Culture, English a Teaching, Literature & Linguistics

ISSN: 2356-0401, E-ISSN: 2621-9158, VOL. 6, NO. 1, June 2019.

the question directly

3. The estimated time

given to answer the

question is sufficient for

the user

4. The display of interview

room is attractive for the

user

5. All interview questions

already cover the needs

of users

Rubric for

Interviewer

1. The pronunciation used

is clear
4

2. The language used is

understandable and

communicative

3. The intonation of

interviewer is clear
4

Rubric for

Interview

Content

1. The grammar used in

interview question is

right

2. The questions in each

session are relevant in

the context of job

interview.

3. No interview questions

are distorted
3

4. The interview questions

are well-ordered
4

Total 45

Validation Score 93.75%

Table 3 is The Result of Content Validation of Job Interview on Virtual Reality

The content validation for Job Interview was assessed based on three aspects,

namely: (a) content for interviewee (b) content for interviewer, and (c) content for

interview questions. According to the validation by the expert, the score of content

validation reach 93.75% which was obtained from the calculation of the score of

statements in the rubric.

After the experts validated the application based on their field, the researcher

identified the result of the score through their assessments on every single statement in

the rubric. The total score showed that the score of the product and the design validation

reach 93.33% and the score of the content validation reach 93.75%. It means that the

score of all validation can be categorized as very valid level (based on Akbar, 2013 in

CELTIC: A Journal of Culture, English a Teaching, Literature & Linguistics

ISSN: 2356-0401, E-ISSN: 2621-9158, VOL. 6, NO. 1, June 2019.

Table1). Furthermore, the application can directly try to the users/students in order to

know the responses about the impact of application for them.

- Trial of User

As the score classified into very valid category, the application of job interview on

Virtual Reality can be implemented to the students directly. The respond from the

students as the users for Virtual Reality Application shows that the interview questions

provided are easy to understand so that the students have no difficulty in answering

some available questions. The students stated that the interview questions provided are

in accordance with their learning. It showed that they were able to answer the questions

appropriately and directly. They felt comfortable when doing interviews through the

Virtual Reality Application. Moreover, the display in job interview application looks

right to the students when doing interview.

The students as the users felt motivated and enthusiastic in conducting the interview

so that it made them felt more confident to learn interview independently. They could

measure their ability to answer questions through the result score and time provided. It

could indicate their interview skills through the score after answering the questions.

Therefore, after conducting the interview through the application, they knew more about

the interview questions so that they can learn to give the best answers. Moreover, they

also give recommendation that their answers from the interview questions hopefully can

be recorded or even saved to the application so that they can evaluate more toward their

answers.

- Product Design

The design of job interview application appliedinVirtual Reality System was created

based on the real-view of interview room and situation. Some features which included

interviewer, table, chair, cupboard, and other supporting stuffs designed by the

researcher in order to make the atmosphere of interview session looks just like real. The

additional menu and scoring provided on the application to give information to the users

about the instruction and the result of score that will appear after they answer the

questions. There was a time to answer the question for about 30 seconds so that the

users are aware of what they are talking about and drive the users to give the best and

specific answers. Here are the following displays of the initial product design before it

was developed based on the expert validation and the users’ response.

CELTIC: A Journal of Culture, English a Teaching, Literature & Linguistics

ISSN: 2356-0401, E-ISSN: 2621-9158, VOL. 6, NO. 1, June 2019.

Figure 3. The display of Job Interview Menu

Figure 4. The instruction to use the application

Figure 5. The display of interviewer

Figure 6. The display of interview room

Figure 7. The display of interview score

The design of the product still needs improvement to perform better for the users,

especially to educate them. Hence, the researcher also concerns to the suggestions and

comments from the experts and users about the development of the design, content, and

system to display better. The development consists of features, scoring system, and

additional button as follows:

CELTIC: A Journal of Culture, English a Teaching, Literature & Linguistics

ISSN: 2356-0401, E-ISSN: 2621-9158, VOL. 6, NO. 1, June 2019.

Figure 8. Initial and Developed Products

The features focused on the additional supported stuff such as books, paper, lamps,

and flower vase in order to give more interesting situation. The scoring system was

made to display in detail result score and instruction how the users will get the score so

that the users could evaluate themselves through the result. The additional button was

designed to go for the next question so that if the users answered the questions before

the limited time given, they could direct the cursor to the “skip” button and get another

question.

CELTIC: A Journal of Culture, English a Teaching, Literature & Linguistics

ISSN: 2356-0401, E-ISSN: 2621-9158, VOL. 6, NO. 1, June 2019.

The list of the questions applied in the job interview application was based on the

suggestion of the Business English lecturer which had been taught to the students by

using her experiences to be a job interviewer. The questions were divided into three

parts, namely: personality, company knowledge, and working agreement. It will affect

the score decision for each part/session in the application. The used questions used for

the Job Interview application are listed below.

CRITERIA NO LIST OF QUESTIONS

Part 1

(Personality)

1. Tell me about yourself.

2. What are your strengths?

3. What are your weaknesses?

4.
How do you spend your spare

time? What are your hobbies?

5.
Describe for me your most

rewarding accomplishment.

6.
Where did you see the job

advertisement?

Part 2

(Company

Knowledge)

1.
Why did you choose our

company?

2.
Why do you want to work for

our company?

3.
What do you know about our

company?

4.
Why did you decide to apply to

this position?

Have you had any work

experience related to this

position?

In what ways do you think you

can make a contribution to our

company?

Part 3

(Working

Agreement)

1.
Describe a problem you have

had and how you dealt with it.

2.
What are your plans for the

future?

3.
Are you willing to work

overtime? Travel? Relocate?

4. Why should I hire you?

5. What are your ideas on salary?

6. When could you start work?

7. Do you have any questions?

Table 5 is List of Interview Questions

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ISSN: 2356-0401, E-ISSN: 2621-9158, VOL. 6, NO. 1, June 2019.

Discussions

The result of implementing job interview application through Virtual Reality System

is inspected further in discussion. The discussion covers the meaning of the findings

which include the result of validation from the expert, the students’ reaction on rubric,

and the development of the job interview application.

According to the rubric, the product validation has the overall assessment in the

score of 4 which means that the application of job interview exceeds expectation or no

modification is needed. In the other side, several statements show that this product still

has evaluation to meet expectation but could be improved with minor changes with the

score of 3. The expert hopes that the ability of virtual reality to create real context of job

interview should be more relevant for the users. This expert’s expectation relates with

the argument of Held (1993, as cited in Mandal, 2013) which expanded that

telepresence happened when the manipulators have the expertise to allow operators to

perform normal human functions.

The result of the assessment on the design validation is different from the product

validation. Although the overall score is 4, there are three statements that need minor

changes or could be improved to be better. Based on the expert, the arrangement and

location of the text and images, the environment presented with the real context, and the

environment presented have to be more attractive for and appropriate with the users. It

is in line with Desai et al. (2014) who stated that Virtual Reality (VR) gives effect as if

the users are in concrete existence as well as 3-Dimensional computer-simulated

environment.

The expert of the product and design validation gave comments and suggestions

toward the improvement of job interview application. He said that interviewee session

in several questions is too long. It will be better if there is a button in directing to the

next question. Moreover, it will be more useful if the sound is recorded along with its

score. The study about the need analysis in using Virtual Reality for Job Interview

simulation that has been done by Jailani (2017)showed that users have expectation that

the application can improve to be better and run well.

The overall scores show that the content of the interview is easy to understand and

attractive. It can be seen from the score of 4 that the expert gave. On the other side,

there are statements with the score of 3 regarding on estimated time given and questions

for interview that implies the researcher have to develop it to be better. It is supported

by Jailani (2017) who stated that the users felt comfortable to answer the questions

because they feel confident, and it can increase the ability of their speaking.

The expert assessed the content for interviewer to be very good. It can be seen from

the score of experts given is 4 which means that the pronunciation, language, and

intonation made by the researcher are clear and understandable. As Harmer (2001)

CELTIC: A Journal of Culture, English a Teaching, Literature & Linguistics

ISSN: 2356-0401, E-ISSN: 2621-9158, VOL. 6, NO. 1, June 2019.

stated that the interaction happens when one or more person doesspeak. Hence,

speaking as an effective skill involves a good deal of listening, understanding of feeling,

and knowledge about the linguistics terms.

According to the rubric of the validation, the scores of contents for interview

questions are generally classified in very well or score of 4. It means that the interview

questions for users are easy to understand regarding on the use of grammar and relevant

question with interview context. It supported by Miller et al. (2014)suggest that

interviewee should develop a clear intellectual understanding of how to interview

effectively and learning to apply these ideas in practicing interviews. That is why the

questions is important to be comprehended well in job interview session.

The expert of content validation gave comments and suggestions toward the

improvement of job interview application. She said that this kind of product for

interview practice can be developed for further research in order to make users always

update about their knowledge in interview fields.
Job Interview application that has been said to be feasible and validated from the

experts are then tested to the users. It is tested to 10 students from Business English

Class. The students try to use Virtual Reality Glasses with the application insides the

Glasses. They follow the instructions and choose the menu to point them on Job

Interview simulation. Afterward, the students were asked to fill the rubric in order to

express their feeling and responses after using the application. In order to make the

students feel more comfortable in using the application, the new variety of features are

recommended to be added (Jailani, 2017). Therefore, the result of the responses was

used for developing the application.

Students gave more attention to the interview questions provided and the usage of

application that can create a comfortable situation. The application is very interesting

and sophisticated because it can help the students to explore themselves in being

interviewee through interview questions provided (Jailani, 2017). The interview

questions are easy to understand for the student and suit with the level of interview that

have been learned by the student in Business English Class. Miller et al. (2014) has

been observed that interviewees should provide their self with the self-analysis

questions to have chance in exploring another related interview question. Therefore, the

researcher arranges the questions on that way to help the students, at least, they know

and enjoy the basic questions of interview. According to the lowest score that reach

10%, some students have different point of view on the statement of related questions

with the material and the room is less attractive. According to Gutiérrez et al. (2017),

virtual technologies can increase students’ engagement and motivation in their teaching

and learning activities. Therefore, the lowest percentage responses from the students

will be developed features for researcher to make the application performs well.

CELTIC: A Journal of Culture, English a Teaching, Literature & Linguistics

ISSN: 2356-0401, E-ISSN: 2621-9158, VOL. 6, NO. 1, June 2019.

CONCLUSIONS

Based on the finding and discussion, the development of Job Interview application

can be done by the validity of the experts and the process of drawing conclusion on the

students’ response after they tried the application. The validation focused on three major

aspects of the application, namely product, design, and content validation. The score of

product and design validation reach 93.33% and the score of content validation reach

93.75%. It can be concluded that the whole scores are very valid category so that the

application can be directly tried out to the students of Business English.

The result of students’ reaction rubric showed that the students were motivated and

attracted to the development of Job Interview application. Hence, the interview

questions provided were in line with the material that they learned in the class. They

were enthusiastic with the development made by the researcher because it covered the

needs of job interview practice rather than the initial product that they ever tried before.

The researcher developed Job Interview application based on three major aspects that

concerned to the suggestions from the experts and students.

Job Interview application is developed based on features, scoring system, and

additional button. The features include the interior design and some supported stuffs

such as flower vase, paper, books, and lamps. The scoring system developed to the

detail information on how the students/users will get the score and the display of the

score for each session. Furthermore, the additional button is added in order to make the

users feel easy to try another interview question when the limited time to answer the

question is not over. The interview questions were divided into three main parts, namely

personality, company knowledge, and working agreement. Each part consists of 6 to 7

questions for the users to answer.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The gratitude is directed to English Language Education Department and Informatics

Lab of University of Muhammadiyah Malang for supporting this study.