cajgh: A Pathfinder

This is a computer-generated pathfinder created against the Distant Reader study called cajgh.

Each Distant Reader study carrel is composed of many individual items. Each item is bibliographically described with author, title, date, summary, and keyword values. Below is a list of the items' most signficant keywords as well as lists of the items themselves. Purpusing the content of this pathfinder provides the student, researcher, or scholar with one way to get their heads around the scope of the carrel. The keywords include:

Pittsburgh; Women; Kazakhstan; Central; Risk; Patients; Global; Countries; Cases; Activity; India; Population; Care; Age; Group; Cancer; Students; Breast; Diseases; Radiation; Cells; Public; Covid-19; Genome; Tuberculosis; Weight; Mutations; Protein; Blood; Cvd; Almaty; Consortium; Effects; Support; Cell; Liver; Genes; Hysterectomy; Aromatherapy; Bmd; Ghosts; Dna; Periodontitis; Erythropoietin; Metabolic; Vaccine; Fibroblasts; Days; Burns; Joint; Bap; Chondrocytes; Growth; Surgery; Nanoparticles; Concentrate; Il-1β; Fructose; Kidney; Abortions; Accreditation; Frequency; Rbc; Hydrolases; Cartilage

Depending on how this pathfinder was created, many of the bibliographic sections will include elaborations on the meaning(s) of the given keywords. These elaborations were generated by feeding the items' summaries to a large langauge model and asking the model to address the question, "What is X?", where "X" is the keyword. The result will be a few sentences of elaboration. Be forewarned. The elaborations are often plausible, but they should not be take as truth. Instead, they should be taken as points for consideration.

• Alcohol Use, Risk Taking, Leisure Activities and Health Care Use Among Young People in Northern Vietnam by Thoa, Le Thi Kim; Hoang, Dang H.; Vung, Nguyen Dang; Tien, Pham H.; Plant, M. A. (2013) - Alcohol consumption appears to be increasing in Vietnam. The purpose of this paper is to examine the patterns of alcohol consumption and its relationship with a number of other risk taking behaviours amongst young people. Keywords: age; alcohol; asian; consumption; drinking; health; journal; people; pittsburgh; study; university; use; vietnam
• The Central Asian Journal of Global Health to Increase Scientific Productivity by Freese, Kyle; Shubnikov, Eugene; LaPorte, Ron; Adambekov, Shalkar; Askarova, Sholpan; Zhumadilov, Zhaxybay; Linkov, Faina (2014) - The Central Asian Journal of Global Health to Increase Scientific Productivity Kyle Freese1, Eugene Shubnikov2, Ron LaPorte1, Shalkar Adambekov3, Sholpan Askarova3, Zhaxybay Zhumadilov3, Faina Linkov1 1University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; 2Institute of Internal Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia; 3Center for Life Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan Vol. 2, Suppl. Abstract The WHO Collaborating Center at the University of Pittsburgh, USA partnering with Nazarbayev University, developed the Central Asian Journal of Global Health (CAJGH, cajgh.pitt.edu) in order to increase scientific productivity in Kazakhstan and Central Asia. Keywords: central; pittsburgh
• Current Impact, Future Prospects and Implications of Mobile Healthcare in India by Kappal, Rishi; Mehndiratta, Amit; Anandaraj, Prabu; Tsanas, Athanasios (2014) - This technology is deployed in 800MHz band making it economically viable and far reaching with high quality of services) to continue its operations in India along with mobile healthcare services. Telemedicine is identified as one of the technological pillars to support healthcare services in this region, but is associated with high cost and complex infrastructure, thus restricting its wider use. Keywords: data; global; health; healthcare; india; journal; mobile; pittsburgh; services; technology; telemedicine; university; wireless
• Studies of Health Effects from Nuclear Testing near the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site, Kazakhstan by Grosche, Bernd; Zhunussova, Tamara; Apsalikov, Kazbek; Kesminiene, Ausrele (2015) - Around Semipalatinsk nuclear test site: progress of dose estimations relevant to the consequences of nuclear tests (a summary of 3rd Dosimetry Workshop on the Semipalatinsk nuclear test site area, RIRBM, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, 9-11 of March, 2005). Unstable-type chromosome aberrations in lymphocytes from individuals living near Semipalatinsk nuclear test site. Keywords: effects; health; journal; pittsburgh; radiation; research; semipalatinsk; site; test; university
• Prevalence of hypertension and associated factors in Jalalabad City, Nangarhar Province, Afghanistan by Saeed, Khwaja Mir Islam (2015) - Conclusion: This urban setting in Afghanistan evidenced a high prevalence of hypertension; age, obesity, and diabetes were identified as risk factors and physical activity and consuming more vegetables were protective. This information is essential to provide evidence to support strategic decisions such as resource allocation and public health interventions to reduce risk factors and decrease the burden of disease. Keywords: afghanistan; factors; global; health; htn; hypertension; journal; pittsburgh; prevalence; risk; university
• Prevalence of Psychiatric Disorders among the Rural Geriatric Population: A Pilot Study in Karnataka, India by Nair, Sreejith S.; Raghunath, Pooja; Nair, Sreekanth S. (2015) - | DOI 10.5195/cajgh.2015.138|http://cajgh.pitt.edu Nations indicated that 21.0% of the Indian population will be aged 60+ years by 2050.5 Mental disorders in the elderly often go untreated due to the misperceptions that these disorders are a normal part of aging and a natural reaction to chronic illness, loss of family members, and social transition occurring with age.6 The burden of late-life psychiatric disorder on physical health, social support systems, and overall functioning is considerable, making mental disorders a leading cause of burden in elderly adults.7 Additionally, mental disorder is a preventable risk factor for mortality, particularly suicide attempts.8 Western countries have conducted numerous studies on the resources, needs, and outcomes on the community-based care of the elderly, which helped in the estimation of public health burden of the geropsychiatric population.9-14 Few studies have been conducted in India on the extent of mental disorder burden in these geriatric age groups. The assessment of psychiatric disorder prevalence will help strengthen psycho-geriatric services and thus improve the quality of life of the elderly. Keywords: age; disorder; health; journal; mental; pittsburgh; population; prevalence; psychiatric; study; university
• One Health and Zoonoses: The Evolution of One Health and Incorporation of Zoonoses by Asokan, Govindaraj V. (2015) - Therefore, we suggest creating a MeSH term for One Health in the PubMed database that could be under the MeSH tree structures of Health [N01. 400] similar to family health, public health, rural health, occupational health, and veteran’s health to support more specific research on zoonoses. One Health and Zoonoses: The Evolution of One Health and Incorporation of Zoonoses Govindaraj V. Asokan Public Health Program, College of Health Sciences, University of Bahrain, Manama, Bahrain Vol. 4, No. 1 (2015) | ISSN 2166-7403 (online) DOI 10.5195/cajgh.2015.139 | http://cajgh.pitt.edu http://www.library.pitt.edu/ http://www.pitt.edu/ http://www.library.pitt.edu/articles/digpubtype/index.html http://www.upress.pitt.edu/upressIndex.aspx http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/us/ ASOKAN This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 United States License. Keywords: articles; health; journal; pittsburgh; search; term; university; zoonoses
• Screening of Gestational Diabetes and Hypertension Among Antenatal Women in Rural West India by Dave, Viral R.; Rana, Bhavik M.; Sonaliya, Kantibhai N.; Chandwani, Suraj J.; Sharma, Samkit V.; Khatri, Swati O.; Shaikh, Khalid M.; Hathiari, Farida M. (2014) - | DOI 10.5195/cajgh.2014.140|http://cajgh.pitt.edu Table 1: Baseline characteristics of study participants from the Davas village Characteristics Number of Participants (%) Age (years) ≤ 20 73 (21.10) 21 – 25 192 (55.49) 26 – 30 71 (20.52) 31 – 35 9 (2.60) ≥ 36 1 (0.29) Education Illiterate 211 (60.98) | DOI 10.5195/cajgh.2014.140|http://cajgh.pitt.edu Table 2: Obstetric profile of study participants Characteristics Number of Participants (%) Gravida Primigravida 104 (30.06) Multigravida 242 (69.94) Last delivery conducted (n = 242) Institutional deliveries 208 (85.96) Keywords: diabetes; health; htn; india; journal; pittsburgh; prevalence; study; university; women
• Public Health and Social Desirability in Kazakhstan: Methodological Considerations by Craig, Brett J.; Engstrom, Martha C. (2016) - The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the general public’s perceptions of control of one’s health with health behaviors. With regards to health behaviors, 23.4% of participants were smokers and 22.3% consumed alcohol. Keywords: asian; control; health; journal; kazakhstan; participants; pittsburgh; public; research; social; students; university
• Dietary and Lifestyle Factors Associated with Dyspepsia among Pre-clinical Medical Students in Ajman, United Arab Emirates by Jaber, Noorallah; Oudah, Marwa; Kowatli, Amer; Jibril, Jabir; Baig, Inbisat; Mathew, Elsheba; Gopakumar, Aji; Muttappallymyalil, Jayakumary (2016) - Furthermore, dietary habits that include consumption of smoked food, fast food, salty food, coffee/tea, and spicy food were associated with aggravating the symptoms of dyspepsia; while fruits, vegetables, and water were noted to improve the symptoms.29-32 Studies showed that smoking negatively affects dyspepsia symptoms by decreasing mucosal production, limiting the neutralizing base production, and decreasing blood flow to the inner layers of the stomach, interfering with normal physiological protective mechanisms of the stomach.33-35 The analgesic effects are explained as delayed gastric emptying, increased pyloric zonal contraction, and the release of acid.36 Alcohol has a similar role in damaging the stomach as analgesics, where it increases the production of acid.37 Methods: A cross-sectional survey study was conducted among pre-clinical medical students at Gulf Medical University, Ajman and collected basic demographic data, dyspepsia prevalence, dietary factors, and lifestyle factors. Keywords: association; dyspepsia; factors; health; journal; lifestyle; medical; pittsburgh; prevalence; students; study; united; university
• Do People with Type 2 Diabetes Think They are Unhealthy? A Cross-Sectional Study in Celaya, Mexico by Paz-Salinas, Karla C.; Padilla-Raygoza, Nicolas; Delgado-Sandoval, Silvia C.; Olvera-Villanueva, Georgina; Ruiz-Paloalto, Ma Laura (2015) - The minimum required sample size was 42 for both groups (unhealthy lifestyle perception and healthy lifestyle perception), with 95% precision and 80% power (Epidat, 3.1, 2006, Xunta de Galicia and Pan American Health Organization). Fisher’s exact test was used to determine if the proportions of lifestyles perceptions differed by BMI status. Keywords: diabetes; health; journal; lifestyle; mexico; overweight; perception; pittsburgh; type; university
• Challenges of NGO-to-state Referral in the Delivery of HIV Prevention Programs in Ukraine Supported by the Global Fund by McGill, Svetlana (2016) - Participants’ view on NGO-to-state linkage practices in GF-funded programs Discussion This study is one of the first qualitative studies examining the delivery of NGO HIV services in GF funded programs in Ukraine. Study strengths and limitations While this is one of the first studies conducted to evaluate HIV GF programs in Ukraine, it should be noted that this ethnographic study is limited in scope and does not evaluate the impact of such programs on the national level. Keywords: aids; global; health; hiv; journal; ngos; pittsburgh; services; state; ukraine; university
• Energy Drink Consumption Practices of Young People in Bahrain by Nassaif, Maryam M.; Alobed, Ghufran J. J.; Alaam, Noor A. A.; Alderrazi, Abdulla N.; Awdhalla, Muyssar S.; Vaithinathan, Asokan G. (2016) - Abstract Background: Energy drink (ED) consumption is becoming increasingly popular among young Bahrainis, who may be unaware of the health risks associated with ED consumption. Keywords: energy drinks, health effects, young people, health promotion Energy Drink Consumption Practices of Young People in Bahrain Maryam M. Nassaif, Ghufran J. J. Alobed, Noor A. A. Alaam, Abdulla N. Alderrazi, Muyssar S. Awdhalla, Asokan G. Vaithinathan College of Health Sciences, University of Bahrain, Bahrain Research Energy drink(s) (ED) refers to beverages that contain caffeine in combination with other ingredients such as taurine, guarana, and B vitamins, with claims to provide its consumers with extra energy.1 Over 140 countries report ED consumption, with children, adolescents, and young adults representing half of the consumers of ED.2 Keywords: bahrain; consumption; drinks; energy; health; journal; pittsburgh; study; university
• Quantifying Socioeconomic and Lifestyle Related Health Risks: Burden of Cardiovascular Disease Among Indian Males by Purohit, Neetu; Bhati, Divya K.; Gupta, Shiv D.; Kundu, Azad S. (2015) - Major causes of morbidity and mortality have undergone an epidemiologic transition from predominantly nutritional deficiencies and infectious diseases in developing nations to chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease.23 With the epidemiological transition and increased urbanization associated with the increase in CVD risk factors (behavioral, social, and lifestyle patterns), the CVD burden is increasing in developing countries including India.24 Previous literature provides evidence that while the prevalence and mortality rate of CVD has decreased in developed nations, it has substantially increased in India, which has been undergoing rapid demographic, social, and economic change.25 Studies have shown a major income decline due to CVD-related losses in productive labor.3 Understanding the health characteristics of young and middle aged males (18–60 years) will allow public health experts and policy makers to adopt focused interventions for prevention of disease and promoting lifestyle modifications. Gupta R, Guptha S, Sharma KK, Gupta A, Deedwania P. Regional variations in cardiovascular risk factors in India: India heart watch. Keywords: activity; cvd; disease; factors; global; health; india; journal; pittsburgh; risk; study; university
• Risk for Disability and Poverty Among Central Asians in the United States by Siordia, Carlos; Ramos, Athena K. (2016) - Keywords: disability, poverty, American Community Survey, Public Use Microdata Sample, former USSR, Central Asia Risk for Disability and Poverty Among Central Asians in the United States Carlos Siordia1 & Athena K. Ramos2 1Center for Aging and Population Studies, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, PA; 2Center for Reducing Health Disparities, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska, NE Research In the United States (US) and across the world, having the ability to overcome psycho-social and physical barriers for independent living can influence quality of life.1 Poverty level Deep poverty (<50) 542 (8) In-poverty (51-100) 798 (12) Keywords: central; disability; health; journal; pittsburgh; poverty; university
• HIV Risks, Testing, and Treatment in the Former Soviet Union: Challenges and Future Directions in Research and Methodology by Saadat, Victoria M. (2016) - al. (2008) Fear of result Fear of a positive test result Viale, BN (2010) Priorities Perception that more immediate problems take priority Viale, BN (2010) Self-perception of HIV risk Considering self at low or no risk for HIV Tsereteli et al. (2013) Lack of experience in sex work Engaging in sex work less than 2 years, younger than 21, initiated sex work at the age of 18 or younger Todd et al. (2007) http://www.library.pitt.edu/ http://www.pitt.edu/ http://www.library.pitt.edu/articles/digpubtype/index.html http://www.upress.pitt.edu/upressIndex.aspx CENTRAL ASIAN JOURNAL OF GLOBAL HEALTH This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 United States License. In a separate search of the literature about HIV risk behavior studies in http://www.library.pitt.edu/ http://www.pitt.edu/ http://www.library.pitt.edu/articles/digpubtype/index.html http://www.upress.pitt.edu/upressIndex.aspx CENTRAL ASIAN JOURNAL OF GLOBAL HEALTH This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 United States License. Keywords: aids; asian; barriers; central; drug; et al; health; hiv; idu; journal; pittsburgh; risk; russia; sampling; studies; system; testing; treatment; university; work
• Association of rs2294008 and rs9297976 Polymorphisms in PSCA Gene with Gastric Cancer Susceptibility in Uzbekistan by Turdikulova, Shahlo; Dalimova, Dilbar; Abdurakhimov, Abror; Adilov, Bekzod; Navruzov, Sarimbek; Yusupbekov, Abror; Djuraev, Mirjalol; Abdujapparov, Suleyman; Egamberdiev, Dilshod; Mukhamedov, Rustam (2016) - Keywords: Gastric cancer, rs2294008, rs9297976, genotyping, Uzbekistan Association of rs2294008 and rs9297976 Polymorphisms in PSCA Gene with Gastric Cancer Susceptibility in Uzbekistan Shahlo Turdikulova1, Dilbar Dalimova1, Abror Abdurakhimov1, Bekzod Adilov1, Sarimbek Navruzov2, Abror Yusupbekov2, Mirjalol Djuraev2, Suleyman Abdujapparov2, Dilshod Egamberdiev2, Rustam Mukhamedov1 1Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Academy of Sciences Republic of Uzbekistan; 2National Cancer Center of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan Research Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common cancer in the world, with 952,000 new cases diagnosed in 2012.1 Although the incidence of gastric cancer has declined in the general population in the US and in many countries around the world,2 it remains highly prevalent in Asia as compared to the West. SNPs in PSCA gene have been found to be associated with gastric cancer risk in a genome-wide association study, but results were not conclusive. Keywords: association; cancer; gene; health; journal; pittsburgh; psca; risk; rs2294008; rs2976392; university; uzbekistan
• The Potential Contribution of BRCA Mutations to Early Onset and Familial Breast Cancer in Uzbekistan by Abdikhakimov, Abdulla; Tukhtaboeva, Mukaddas; Adilov, Bakhtiyar; Turdikulova, Shahlo (2016) - Taking into account a high disease penetrance in carriers of BRCA1 mutation, it seems reasonable to recommend inclusion of the 5382insC mutation test in future research on the development of screening programs for breast cancer prevention in Uzbekistan. Germline BRCA1 mutations increase prostate cancer risk. Keywords: 5382insc; asian; brca1; breast; breast cancer; cancer; health; journal; mutations; patients; pittsburgh; university; uzbekistan; women
• External Quality Assessment of Sputum Smear Microscopy in Tuberculosis Laboratories in Sughd, Tajikistan by Chang, Eva; Luelmo, Fabio; Baydulloeva, Zamira; Joncevska, Marija; Kasymova, Guljamol; Bobokhojaev, Oktam; Mohr, Tom (2016) - Table 4: Percentage of sensitivity and specificity of smear microscopy, by laboratory Discussion In their review on the roles of laboratories and laboratory systems in effective TB programs, Ridderhof et al., called for more operational research to be done in TB laboratories in the field in resource-limited settings to support evidence-based laboratory practice.5 Evaluations of EQA systems and/or blinded random re-checking strategies in TB microscopic laboratories had been conducted in various countries with high TB burden.6-8 Our study performed the first evaluation on the EQA system and the performance of the TB microscopic laboratories in Sughd, Tajikistan since system implementation. Three levels of TB laboratories operate under the umbrella of the Republican TB Center (RTBC) at the central level.5 Provincial TB centers form the intermediate level of the laboratory network in the three administrative “oblasts” of the republic: Sughd, Khalton, and Gorno-Badakhsan Autonomous Oblast (GBAO).5 Districts of Republican Subordination, a fourth oblast in Tajikistan is centrally managed by the RTBC. Keywords: eqa; health; journal; laboratories; laboratory; microscopy; pittsburgh; system; tajikistan; university
• The Universal Non-Neuronal Nature of Parkinson's Disease: A Theory by Valente, Andre X.C.N.; Adilbayeva, Altynai; Tokay, Tursonjan; Rizvanov, Albert (2016) - In terms of global gene expression in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), nitric oxide mediated signal transduction, the NF-kB cascade and the pro-inflammatory response are the most age up-regulated processes, while chromatin silencing, single-strand break repair, SMAD protein nuclear translocation and chromatin remodeling are the most down-regulated ones.56 Alterations at the HSC epigenetic level are supported by many chromosomal regions showing a coordinated change in transcriptional activity.56 Fate-wise, a skewing to the myeloid line and a diminished lymphoid potential are observed with ageing.57 It has been known for a long time that reactive oxygen species (ROS), if not properly checked, have the potential to cause indiscriminate cellular damage.30 Today, it is recognized that ROS may also play a functional signaling role in activating processes such as the inflammatory and stress responses.28,58 Additionally, there is indication that ROS play a role in regulating hematopoiesis.59 In particular, evidence associates abnormal ROS levels at old age with a dysfunction in both the proliferation and the differentiation dynamics of HSCs. Reactive oxygen species act through p38 MAPK to limit the lifespan of hematopoietic stem cells. Keywords: ageing; cell; disease; expression; gene; global; health; hematopoietic; journal; mitochondrial; mtdna; parkinson; pittsburgh; program; state; stem; university; vol
• Comparing the Use of Uterine Artery Embolization to Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonists in Shrinking Fibroid Size: A Pilot Study in Kazakhstan by Imankulova, Balkenzhe; Mereke, Alibek; Kamzaeva, Nazira; Ukybassova, Talshyn (2015) - Abstract Introduction: Uterine fibroids are the most common benign tumor in women in Kazakhstan. In the past two decades, endoscopic surgery has played an important role in the development of gynecologic surgery, particularly in the treatment of uterine fibroids. Keywords: embolization; fibroid; group; patients; pittsburgh; university; uterine
• Correlation between Reproductive Hormonal Level and Osteoporosis among Women in Mongolia by Lkhagvasuren, Unentsatsral; Jav, Sarantuya; Zagdsuren, Battogtokh (2016) - 54.5±44.1 pg/ml, FSH osteoporosis: 81.3±34.2 pg/ml, LH normal: 53.1±41.2, LH osteoporosis: Both hormones, FSH and LH, showed weak negative correlations with BMD level, but not E2. Keywords: age; health; journal; mongolia; osteoporosis; pittsburgh; university; women
• Social Determinants of Maternal Health in Afghanistan: A Review by Najafizada, Said Ahmad Maisam; Bourgeault, Ivy Lynn; Labonté, Ronald (2017) - Health care may be the immediate determinant, but it is influenced by other determinants that must be addressed in order to alleviate the burden on health care, as well as to achieve long-term reduction in maternal mortality. Pathways through which determinants influence maternal health of food (41%), shelter (18%), and clean water (14%).9 Lack of food (malnutrition with subsequent anemia) contributes to the increased risk of complications among pregnant women.9 Though some improvement has been made in the first decade of 21st century, 63% of the population have no access to improved toilet facilities in 2010 and 50% were without improved water sources.44 Discussion The literature on maternal health in Afghanistan reveals that health care, education, sociocultural practices, employment, income, food, and sanitation are important determinants for maternal health. Keywords: afghanistan; articles; care; determinants; education; global; health; health care; journal; maternal; pittsburgh; practices; services; system; university; women
• Honey: A Therapeutic Agent for Disorders of the Skin by McLoone, Pauline; Oluwadun, Afolabi; Warnock, Mary; Fyfe, Lorna (2016) - 20 As well as killing microbes, studies have shown that sub-lethal concentrations of honey can reduce microbial pathogenicity, for example, Kronda et al (2013) demonstrated that sub-lethal concentrations of manuka honey reduced siderophore production, a virulence factor that scavenges iron for bacterial growth, in strains of P. aeruginosa. The Efficacy of Honey in the Treatment of Skin Wounds: In Vitro Studies In vitro studies have revealed that honey from diverse floral origins can kill a wide range of wound pathogens, including; methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii. 15-18 As an example, the work of Cooper et al, (2002) demonstrated that manuka and pasture honey from New Zealand were active against 17 strains of P. aeruginosa isolated from infected burns with minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) below 10%. Keywords: central; dermatitis; disorders; efficacy; healing; health; honey; journal; manuka; patients; pittsburgh; properties; skin; studies; study; system; topical; treatment; united; university; wound
• Prevalence of Tobacco Smoking and Factors Associated with the Initiation of Smoking among University Students in Dhaka, Bangladesh by Hossain, Sahadat; Hossain, Shakhaoat; Ahmed, Fahad; Islam, Rabiul; Sikder, Tajuddin; Rahman, Abdur (2017) - Keywords: Student health, Tobacco smoking, Public Health, Bangladesh Prevalence of Tobacco Smoking and Factors Associated with the Initiation of Smoking among University Students in Dhaka, Bangladesh Sahadat Hossain1, Shakhaoat Hossain1, Fahad Ahmed2, Rabiul Islam1, Tajuddin Sikder1, Abdur Rahman1 1Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh; 2Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh Research Tobacco smoking has been associated with multiple health problems and is considered to be a preventable risk factor for six of the eight leading causes of morbidity and mortality at the global level.1 Smoking is a serious and growing public health problem globally, with a large number of tobacco-associated deaths occurring in low- and middle-income countries.2 Future projections suggest that tobacco smoking will kill more than 8 million people each year worldwide by the year 2030, with 80% of these premature deaths occurring in low- and middle-income countries.3 | DOI 10.5195/cajgh.2017.244|http://cajgh.pitt.edu Abstract Introuduction: Tobacco smoking is considered to be the key preventable risk factor for morbidity and mortality at the global level. Keywords: asian; bangladesh; doi; health; journal; pittsburgh; prevalence; smokers; smoking; states; students; study; tobacco; united; university; university students
• Scientific Banana Republics: Do They Exist? by Linkov, Faina; Adambekov, Shalkar; Goughnour, Sharon; Welburn, Sharon C.; Padilla-Raygoza, Nicolas; Kana, Musa; Shubnikov, Eugene; Mustapha, Mustapha M.; Sheikh, Aamir; LaPorte, Ronald (2016) - This concept is related to a well published concept of Scientific Imperialism and Safari Research, where science may be dominated by the scientific interests of developed countries. As a result, such countries produce “raw” scientific product, which is oftentimes transformed into “final product” (published research) by scientists in developed countries. Keywords: banana; countries; health; journal; pittsburgh; research; scientific; university
• Diabetes Mellitus Among Adults in Herat, Afghanistan: A Cross-Sectional Study by Saeed, Khwaja Mir Islam (2017) - The aim of this study was to determine risk factors associated with diabetes among adults living in Herat, Afghanistan and to explore the prevalence of previously undiagnosed diabetes in this geographic region. Table 1 shows the results of univariate analysis of risk factors and diabetes among study participants. Keywords: afghanistan; diabetes; factors; health; herat; journal; pittsburgh; prevalence; risk; study; university
• Spatial Distribution and Trends of Waterborne Diseases in Tashkent Province by Subramanian, Veluswami Saravanan; Cho, Min Jung; Tan, Siwei Zoe; Fayzieva, Dilorom; Sebaly, Christian (2017) - | DOI 10.5195/cajgh.2017.277|http://cajgh.pitt.edu Spatial distribution of the diseases The overall spatial distribution of the diseases revealed high incidence rates of enterobiasis and hepatitis A in the central and eastern districts, and of acute intestinal infections and dysentery in the central and western districts of the province (Figure 2). Discussion The findings of this analysis revealed that hepatitis A and enterobiasis had high incidence rate in most of Tashkent Province, with both diseases sharing similar characteristics: they were transmitted through the fecal-oral route and were more prevalent in the younger populations. Keywords: central; diseases; districts; health; incidence; journal; pittsburgh; province; rates; university; uzbekistan; water
• Nutritional Status and Basic Hygiene Practices of Rural School Age Children of Savar Region, Dhaka, Bangladesh by Hossain, Sahadat; Ahmed, Fahad; Hossain, Shakhaoat; Sikder, Tajuddin (2018) - Thus, due to the limited published data on the BMI status and basic hygiene practices of school aged children in rural Bangladesh, the goal of this study was to assess BMI status and basic hygiene practices in school age children studying at Jahangirnagar University School. Nutritional status of school age children should be closely monitored in order to improve their physical and mental health. Keywords: bangladesh; bmi; children; food; health; hygiene; journal; pittsburgh; school; students; study; university
• The Euclid Statistical Matrix Tool by Tilves, Curtis; Yekaninejad, Saeed; Hayashi, Tetsuro; Eltahlawy, Eman; Shubnikov, Eugene; Adambekov, Shalkar (2017) - Adambekov et al. discusses how health research contributes to only 7% of the overall number of publications coming from Kazakhstan, a trend shared by other Central Asian countries5. We suggest that Stataphobia plays an important role in this phenomenon, as without proper research methods and publication output, not only is scientific progress impeded in these countries, but health research—and public health policy as a whole—suffers. Keywords: global; health; journal; matrix; pittsburgh; research; statistics; university
• Pediatric Pulmonary Hemorrhage vs. Extrapulmonary Bleeding in the Differential Diagnosis of Hemoptysis by Vaiman, Michael; Klin, Baruch; Rosenfeld, Noa; Abu-Kishk, Ibrahim (2017) - The authors compared a group of patients with pediatric pulmonary hemorrhage with pediatric patients diagnosed with extrapulmonary bleeding focusing on differences in etiology, outcome and differential diagnosis of hemoptysis. CT diagnosed bronchiectasis in six patients (20% of pulmonary hemorrhage cases, 4.5% of all cases). Keywords: bleeding; cases; children; doi; extrapulmonary; hemoptysis; hemorrhage; infiltrates; journal; patients; pittsburgh; pulmonary; university
• Challenges to Global Implementation of Infrared Thermography Technology: Current Perspective by Shterenshis, Michael (2017) - Fujita K, Noguchi M, Yuzuriha S, Yanagisawa D, Matsuo K. Usefulness of infrared thermal imaging camera for screening of postoperative surgical site infection after the Nuss procedure. The necessary primary step in any proper IT investigation is to establish a normative range of surface skin temperature changes of a given person because of interpersonal vasoconstriction/vasodilatation variations. Keywords: doi; infrared; journal; pittsburgh; screening; skin; temperature; thermography; university
• A Comparison of Comprehensive HIV/AIDS Knowledge Among Women Across Seven Post-Soviet Countries by Zainiddinov, Hakim; Habibov, Nazim (2018) - Experts have already raised alarms about the growing numbers of HIV infections among labor migrants, and growing risk for HIV transmission to their home countries.26 Household wealth is positively associated with comprehensive HIV knowledge, although the effects were mostly significant for Central Asian countries. Recent nationally representative surveys conducted in 26 of 31 countries with generalized epidemics revealed that less than 50% of women have comprehensive HIV knowledge.1 Similarly, empirical studies demonstrate that although women’s awareness about HIV/AIDS has increased, their levels of comprehensive knowledge, as defined by UNICEF, either remain low,6,7 or have not reached the 90% targeted threshold set by the United Nations General Assembly Special Session (UNGASS).8 Since injection drug use was the primary method of HIV transmission in the early days of the epidemic, it is not surprising that most published studies of HIV infections in Eastern Europe and Central Asia were focused on injection drug users.9,20,11,12 Keywords: aids; central; comprehensive; countries; hiv; journal; knowledge; pittsburgh; university; women
• Role of ‘One Stop Crisis Centre’ in Identifying and Assisting Victims of Violence in an Indian Health Care Setup by Verma, Prachi; Puri, Payal; Sharma, Dhruv; Singh, Shreya (2020) - Despite all this, a considerable number of violence cases were still pending in the courts of law (22.09%) at the time of the end of the study. When the status of the association between sources of victims and intervening agencies for resolving violence cases was tested, it was found to be statistically significant (χ2=58.74, d.f.=6, p<0.001). Keywords: assault; cases; health; india; journal; pittsburgh; sukoon; university; victims; violence; women
• Hysterectomy Pathway as the Global Engine of Practice Change: Implications for Value in Care by Sanei-Moghaddam, Amin; Goughnour, Sharon; Edwards, Robert; Comerci, John; Kelley, Joseph; Donnellan, Nicole; Linkov, Faina; Mansuria, Suketu (2017) - Published evidence points to the excessive use of open surgical approaches for hysterectomy when minimally invasive approaches may be used.4 Reducing the overutilization of open hysterectomy has many benefits: lessening patient recovery time, reducing surgical complications, such as infection and thromboembolic events, and decreased healthcare expenditures.4-7 One way of reducing this variability in care is by adopting clinical pathways. Clinical pathways became an essential part of patient care management in the US. Keywords: decision; hysterectomy; journal; pathway; patients; pittsburgh; respondents; survey; university
• Burden of the Cardiovascular Diseases in Central Asia by Aringazina, Altyn; Kuandikov, Tleuberdi; Arkhipov, Viktor (2018) - Basic indicators of population health and activity of health organizations of the Republic of Kazakhstan from 2000 to the present. World Health Organization;2017. Keywords: alcohol; central; cvd; global; health; journal; kazakhstan; pittsburgh; population; republic; tobacco; university; women
• Healthcare Access Experiences Among Indigenous Women in Northern Rural Thailand: A Focused Ethnographic Study by Thummapol, Onouma; Barton, Sylvia; Park, Tanya (2018) - | DOI 10.5195/cajgh.2018.328|http://cajgh.pitt.edu Abstract Introduction: Persistent inequities in health and access to healthcare services for indigenous women living in Thailand remain a significant challenge. This study provides narrative accounts of Indigenous women’s experiences accessing healthcare in northern and rural Thailand and explores the complexity of culture and its interaction with multiple intersecting influences on health behaviours. Keywords: access; asian; experiences; health; healthcare; journal; northern; participants; pittsburgh; research; services; study; system; thailand; united; university; women; work
• Knowledge and Perception of Diabetes and Available Services among Diabetic Patients in the State of Qatar by Al-Thani, Al-Anoud; Farghaly, Aiman; Akram, Hammad; Khalifa, ShamsEldin; Vinodson, Benjamin; Loares, Alma; Abou-Samra, Abdul-Badi (2019) - About 32.3% of respondents who were treated for diabetes complications (single or multiple) reported having high cholesterol (39.2%), vision problems (33.1%), hypertension (30.0%), and foot problems (25.1%) According to the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 1999–2004 (USA), the prevalence of diabetes complications among diabetics in the US were mainly due to kidney disease (27.8%), foot problems, (22.9%), and retinopathy (18.9%).28 In a Saudi http://www.library.pitt.edu/ http://www.pitt.edu/ http://www.library.pitt.edu/articles/digpubtype/index.html http://www.upress.pitt.edu/upressIndex.aspx CENTRAL ASIAN JOURNAL OF GLOBAL HEALTH This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 United States License. Keywords: diabetes; factors; health; journal; knowledge; patients; pittsburgh; public; qatar; study; survey; system; thani; university; yes
• Trends in the leading causes of childhood mortality from 2004 to 2016 in Qatar by Al-Thani, Mohammed; Al-Thani, Al-Anoud; Toumi, Amine; Khalifa, ShamsEldin; Ijaz, Muhammad Asif; Akram, Hammad (2018) - Keywords: Childhood mortality, Qatar, Childhood mortality causes, Sex ratio, Public Health, Epidemiology Trends in the leading causes of childhood mortality from 2004 to 2016 in Qatar Mohammed Al-Thani, Al-Anoud Al- Thani, Amine Toumi, ShamsEldin Khalifa, Muhammad Asif Ijaz, Hammad Akram Ministry of Public Health, State of Qatar Research Introduction The mortality rate for children under the age of five is defined as the number of deaths before the age of five per 1,000 live births in a region of interest and is a commonly used health indicator.1 Decline in under-five mortality is a global trend reaching 58% reduction from 1990 to 2017.2 However, under five mortality is still high among countries in the World Health Organization (WHO) African region, reaching 100 deaths per 1,000 live births in some countries.2,3 It is an important health indicator that represents the health access, needs, and access to services in a region.1,2 http://www.library.pitt.edu/ http://www.pitt.edu/ http://www.library.pitt.edu/articles/digpubtype/index.html http://www.upress.pitt.edu/upressIndex.aspx AL-THANI This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 United States License. Accessed 26 October, 2018. http://www.library.pitt.edu/ http://www.pitt.edu/ http://www.library.pitt.edu/articles/digpubtype/index.html http://www.upress.pitt.edu/upressIndex.aspx https://www.hamad.qa/EN/your%20health/Hamad%20International%20Training%20Center/Kulluna/Pages/default.aspx https://www.hamad.qa/EN/your%20health/Hamad%20International%20Training%20Center/Kulluna/Pages/default.aspx https://www.hamad.qa/EN/your%20health/Hamad%20International%20Training%20Center/Kulluna/Pages/default.aspx http://www.ashghal.gov.qa/en/Services/Lists/ServicesLibrary/NRSS_Eng.pdf http://www.ashghal.gov.qa/en/Services/Lists/ServicesLibrary/NRSS_Eng.pdf https://www.moph.gov.qa/HSF/Pages/NHS-18-22.aspx https://www.moph.gov.qa/HSF/Pages/NHS-18-22.aspx Trends in the leading causes of childhood mortality from 2004 to 2016 in Qatar Abstract Keywords: Childhood mortality, Qatar, Childhood mortality causes, Sex ratio, Public Health, Epidemiology Trends in the leading causes of childhood mortality from 2004 to 2016 in Qatar Research Keywords: childhood; health; journal; kendall; mortality; pittsburgh; system; university
• Screening Procedure for Hemihypertrophy: Preliminary Results of International Multicenter Prospective Study by Vaiman, Michael; Shilco, Phillip; Roitblat, Yulia; Padilla-Raygoza, Nicolas; Leit, Aidan; Kavin, Aaron; Schonberger, Edan; Nehuliaieva, Liliia; Buchris, Noa; Shterenshis, Michael (2019) - While numerous reports on genetic abnormalities in IH cases were published, additional assessment of other family members to rule out any kind of body asymmetry may be highly informative because hereditary basis of the disorder, the instability of the 11p15.5 chromosomal region, is very well established.1-5,8-10 A close connection between IH and Wilms tumor (nephroblastoma, a common pediatric neoplasm of the kidney) was postulated already in the 1950s and was confirmed in more recent Conclusion: We present an easy-to-use selection tool to identify children with suspected IH, which results in the selection of the risk group that may benefit from referral to a pediatrician and a clinical geneticist. Keywords: asymmetry; body; doi; hemihypertrophy; israel; journal; pittsburgh; screening; university
• Discovery of Actinomycetes from Extreme Environments with Potential to Produce Novel Antibiotics by Trenozhnikova, Lyudmila; Azizan, Azliyati (2018) - Patterns of antimicrobial activities from soil actinomycetes isolated under different conditions of pH and salinity. Extracts obtained from selected actinomycetes strains were used to test for antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Aspergillus niger. Keywords: actinomycetes; alkaline; antagonism; conditions; habitats; journal; kazakhstan; pittsburgh; saline; strains; university
• Non-Communicable Chronic Diseases Among Residents of a Remote Settlement in the Transbaikal Region of the Russian Federation by Gaisenok, Oleg (2019) - An analysis of mortality causes for this settlement for 2016-2017 found that cardiovascular diseases accounted for over 50% of the total number of deaths. Cardiovascular diseases were the main cause of mortality. Keywords: diseases; federation; health; journal; mortality; pittsburgh; population; region; russian; settlement; study; university
• Estimating Maternal Mortality in Remote Rural Regions: an Application of the Sisterhood Method in Tajikistan by Liese, Kylea Laina; Pauls, Heather; Robinson, Sarah; Patil, Crystal (2019) - Discussion of important trends in TFR in rural regions compared to urban and the investigation of associated impacts on maternal mortality requires repeated studies of both local TFR and maternal mortality risk. However, maternal mortality ratios are complex indicators with estimation requiring both the accurate identification of cause of death and large sample sizes.1-2 The sisterhood method of maternal mortality data collection and analysis provides a validated framework for estimating maternal mortality ratios in situations of limited infrastructure.2-3 The sisterhood method embedded in Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) produce maternal mortality ratios for at least 28 countries, comprising 16% of global births.3 With better estimates of maternal mortality at the http://www.library.pitt.edu/ http://www.pitt.edu/ http://www.library.pitt.edu/articles/digpubtype/index.html http://www.upress.pitt.edu/upressIndex.aspx CENTRAL ASIAN JOURNAL OF GLOBAL HEALTH This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 United States License. Keywords: age; health; journal; mmr; mortality; pittsburgh; risk; tfr; university
• Work Preferences in Rural Health Job Posting Among Medical Interns in a Lower Middle-Income Country— a Discrete Choice Experiment by Migriño, Julius R. (2020) - Rural health job postings with these incentives are predicted to significantly increase recruitment in rural health job posts, particularly when combinations of wage and high-impact non-wage incentives are considered. Conclusion: Philippine medical interns and young doctors value non-wage incentives in considering rural health job postings. Keywords: choice; health; incentives; job; journal; philippines; pittsburgh; rates; respondents; salary; study; university; wage; work
• Patterns of Physical Activity and Self-rated Health Among Adult Populations in South Asia by Yaya, Sanni; Bishwajit, Ghose (2020) - [AOR=1.459; 95%CI 1.249- 1.705] more likely to report being in good health, respectively. Table 2 shows that the prevalence of good SRH was highest in Sri Lanka (73.7%) and lowest in Nepal (37.7%), while in Bangladesh over two-fifth (44.3%) and in India (58.7%) a little less than three-fifth of the population reported being in good health. Keywords: bangladesh; good; health; journal; physical; pittsburgh; self; srh; sri; university
• Knowledge and Attitudes of Maintaining Bone Health among Post-Menopausal Women in Malaysia by Hatta, Nik Noor Kaussar Nik Mohd; Nurumal, Mohd Said; Isa, Muhammad Lokman Muhammad; Daud, Azlina; Ibrahim, Muhammad; Sharifudin, Mohd Ariff; Deraman, Samsul (2019) - Health education was shown to be effective in improving knowledge and awareness on maintaining bone health. This study aims to identify the level of knowledge and attitudes among post-menopausal women in Malaysia on achieving bone health throughout the menopausal transition period. Keywords: bone; health; journal; knowledge; malaysia; osteoporosis; pittsburgh; study; university; women
• Trends and Determinants of Attitudes Towards People Living with HIV/AIDS Among Women of Reproductive Age in Tajikistan by Zainiddinov, Hakim (2019) - According to the 2007 National Study, the percentages of people who believed that an HIV-infected teacher should be allowed to teach and that they would buy food from an HIV-positive vendor were 39.4% and 23.3% respectively.2 The findings on the first two main predictors are consistent with numerous previous studies.12,13,14 Concerning the third predictor, the finding corroborates with some studies that found negative association between the probability of being tested and HIV stigmatizing attitudes10,11,12 and contradicts others that demonstrated that HIV testing was not a significant factor in achieving positive attitudes towards PLWHA.13 Our findings suggests the importance of HIV testing in reducing discriminatory attitudes. The key finding of the study, demonstrating that women’s knowledge of HIV prevention and transmission methods and HIV testing are significant predictors of tolerant attitudes towards PLWHA, supports this assertion. Keywords: aids; attitudes; hiv; journal; pittsburgh; tajikistan; university; women
• A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials on the Effect of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Tinnitus Management by Galal, Salma; Ismail, Naema; Niel, Ghada (2020) - The five studies eligible for inclusion were: Andres et al., Hoekstra et al., Khedr et al., Kim et al., and Marcondes et al.16-20 Five included studies All five studies included in this review were randomized controlled double-blind trials from Czech Republic, Netherlands, Egypt, Korea, and Brazil investigating the efficacy of rTMS for at least six months post treatment. No thesis was found on the systematic review of rTMS for tinnitus treatment. Keywords: journal; months; patients; pittsburgh; rtms; stimulation; studies; study; thi; tinnitus; treatment; university
• Hydatid Disease in the Central Region of Iran: A 5-year Epidemiological and Clinical Overview by Farazi, Aliasghar; Zarinfar, Nader; Kayhani, Farhad; Khazaie, Firoozeh (2019) - | ISSN 2166-7403 (online) | DOI 10.5195/cajgh.2019.364|http://cajgh.pitt.edu Variable Subgroup Males (n=37) Females (n=47) P-value * Location Urban 14(37.8%) 19(40.4%) 0.809 Rural 23(62.2%) 28(59.6%) Age group 0–20 10(27%) 11(23.4%) 0.772 21–40 20(54.1%) 29(61.7%) >40 7(18.9%) 7(14.9%) Occupation Farmer 12(32.4%) 14(29.8%) 0.003 Housekeeper 3(8.2%) 18(38.3%) Comparison of demographic characteristics of cases with hydatid cyst by sex in the Central region of Iran coccus are of medical importance in humans. Keywords: cases; disease; echinococcosis; hydatid; hydatidosis; iran; journal; pittsburgh; university
• Online Game Addiction and the Level of Depression Among Adolescents in Manila, Philippines by Labana, Ryan V.; Hadjisaid, Jehan L.; Imperial, Adrian R.; Jumawid, Kyeth Elmerson; Lupague, Marc Jayson M.; Malicdem, Daniel C. (2020) - Abstract Introduction: World Health Organization recognizes online game addiction as a mental health condition. The current correlational analysis evaluated the association between online game addiction and depression in Filipino adolescents. Keywords: addiction; adolescents; depression; doi; game; game addiction; health; journal; online; pittsburgh; respondents; study; university; video
• Rapid Emergence of Multidrug-Resistance among Gram Negative Isolates at a Tertiary Pediatric and Maternity Hospital in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia by Felsenstein, Susanna; Bira, Sarantsetseg; Altanmircheg, Narangerel; Shonkuuz, Enkhtur; Ochirpurev, Ariuntuya; Warburton, David (2020) - Resistant and intermediately resistant isolates are reported as one category (%R/I). Ward attribution of samples (in %), by year http://www.library.pitt.edu/ http://www.pitt.edu/ http://www.library.pitt.edu/articles/digpubtype/index.html http://www.upress.pitt.edu/upressIndex.aspx FELSENSTEIN This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 United States License. Keywords: asian; doi; esbl; health; isolates; journal; mongolia; pittsburgh; resistance; spp; susceptibility; testing; university
• Microbiological and Susceptibility Profile of Clinical Gram Positive Isolates at a Tertiary Pediatric and Maternity Hospital in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia by Felsenstein, Susanna; Bira, Sarantsetseg; Altanmircheg, Narangerel; Shonkhuuz, Enkhtur; Ochirpurev, Ariuntuya; Warburton, David (2019) - In S. pneumoniae isolates, penicillin susceptibility was tested on 1 mcg Oxacillin disks. Resistance profiles, patient demographics and microbiological work-up of gram positive isolates were analyzed in order to develop infection control activities and policies at the National Center for Maternity and Children’s Health (NCMCH) in Ulaanbataar, Mongolia. Keywords: aureus; data; gram; health; isolates; journal; mongolia; pittsburgh; resistance; susceptibility; testing; university; vancomycin
• Family Planning in the Republic of Tajikistan: A narrative review from Soviet times to 2017 by Henry, Ellison; Juraqulova, Zarrina H. (2020) - The authors suggest further research is required to (a) understand the beliefs and practices related to family planning; and (b) define strategies to address the issue of unmet need of family planning services. The difference between wanted and actual fertility rates suggest an unmet need for family planning services throughout the four oblasts and the capital, Dushanbe.16,17 An unmet need for family planning occurs when women are unable to space and/or limit childbearing as they desire.22 Data presented from Tajikistan 2017 Demographic and Health Survey, available at https://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/FR341/FR341.pdf Figure 1. Keywords: central; family; health; journal; pittsburgh; planning; reproductive; services; tajikistan; university; women
• PrEP in India’s HIV Prevention Policy in the Era of Social Media and Sex Positivity by Kar, Anindya; Bhugra, Dinesh; Mukherjee, Shuvankar; Mondal, Agnibho; Kumar, Aaditya Suresh (2020) - PrEP also reduces the stigma of HIV infection and hence acts as an emancipator of people living with HIV by reducing the risk of acquiring HIV infection amongst serodiscordant couples39. Various international studies recommend effective implication of PrEP to reduce the rate and economic burden of HIV infection. Keywords: aids; april; doi; health; hiv; india; journal; online; people; pittsburgh; prep; prevention; sex; states; university
• Prevalence of overweight, obesity, and associated risk factors in healthy female adolescents in Tehran, Iran by Abiri, Behnaz; Sarbakhsh, Parvin; Vafa, Mohammadreza (2019) - Keywords: Overweight; Obesity; Body mass index; Female adolescents; Tehran Prevalence of overweight, obesity, and associated risk factors in healthy female adolescents in Tehran, Iran Behnaz Abiri1, Parvin Sarbakhsh2, Mohammadreza Vafa3,4 1Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Paramedicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; 2Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; 3Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 4Pediatric Growth and Development Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Research Introduction The epidemic of overweight is a growing worldwide public health concern.1 While the mechanisms are not well understood, sleep insufficiency may lead to hormonal alterations, less physical activity, and to unhealthy eating patterns including elevated consumption of foods with a high glycemic index.8 Socioeconomic factors also have a notable effect on adolescent weight, since it has been demonstrated that populations with low economic level have a higher prevalence of childhood obesity, due to diet, which is mainly based on a high intake of carbohydrates that were established to be the most easily obtainable foods for their environment.8 To our knowledge, studies evaluating the trends of overweight and obesity among adolescents in Tehran are scarce. Keywords: adolescents; breastfeeding; duration; health; iran; journal; level; obese; obesity; overweight; pittsburgh; prevalence; risk; sleep; study; tehran; underweight; university
• Factors Influencing Salt-Reducing Behavior in Young Adults: a Pilot Cross-Sectional Study from Kazakhstan by Aubakirova, Mina; Sultanov, Marat; Izimov, Aidarkhan; Sakko, Yesbolat; Bex, Torekhan; Mussagazin, Anuar; Alibekova, Raushan (2020) - The questions were concerned with the knowledge on: (a) the relationship between sodium and salt, (b) the recommendations related to salt intake, (c) the level of salt consumption in Kazakhstan (in comparison to recommendations), (d) the main source(s) of salt in the diet of Kazakhstan’s population, (e) health risks associated with high salt intake, and (f) association of high salt intake with several health outcomes. On the other hand, dietary concern score was found highly associated with salt reduction behavior at p < 0.001, as was the variable of self-assessment of salt intake. Keywords: central; health; intake; journal; kazakhstan; knowledge; pittsburgh; salt; university
• TRACK Implementation: a Bangladesh Scenario by Mohiuddin, Abdul Kader (2020) - In sex-stratified analyses with 641 subjects from rural Bangladesh, a study reported arsenic exposure (50.01-150 μg/L) showed a clearer pattern of dose-dependent risk for hyperglycemia in females than males [26]. Also, another study says that diabetes-related health literacy in rural Bangladesh is a major factor associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening [46]. Keywords: bangladesh; diabetes; doi; food; health; journal; obesity; pittsburgh; population; prevalence; program; risk; study; university
• Self-blame Attributions of Patients: a Systematic Review Study by Jannati, Yadollah; Sharif Nia, Hamid; Froelicher, Erika Sivarajan; Goudarzian, Amir Hossein; Yaghoobzadeh, Ameneh (2020) - Sheridan N, Kenealy T, Salmon E, Rea H, Raphael D, Schmidt-Busby J. Helplessness, self blame and faith may impact on self management in COPD: a qualitative study. Self-blaming is a form of inadequate self which is correlated with marital conflicts32. Keywords: blame; blaming; cancer; depression; health; journal; patients; pittsburgh; review; self; studies; study; university
• Sociodemographic Factors Associated with Bottle Feeding Practices in Infants Under Two Years of Age: A hospital-based study in Woldia, Ethiopia by Mihret, Yalew; Endalew, Fentanesh; Almaw, Hunegnaw; Linger, Melese (2020) - Other factors like father’s occupation, father’s education, antenatal care follow up, postnatal follow up, place of delivery, mother’s education level, sex of the child, parity and gravidity had no association with infant bottle feeding practices. The magnitude of bottle feeding practice is currently increasing in Ethiopia, however factors associated with bottle feeding usage are rarely addressed in research. Keywords: age; bottle; ethiopia; feeding; health; infants; journal; months; mothers; pittsburgh; university; woldia
• A Systematic Review of the Effects of Aromatherapy with Lavender Essential Oil on Depression by Jafari-Koulaee, Azar; Elyasi, Forouzan; Taraghi, Zohreh; Ilali, Ehteram Sadat; Moosazadeh, Mahmood (2020) - Aromatherapy with lavender essential oil was conducted on the patients suffering from migraine, patients with the acute coronary syndrome, patients undergoing hemodialysis, community-dwelling older adult, and postpartum depression. In a study conducted on postpartum depression, Kianpour et al.37,38 found that women’s depression significantly decreased after aromatherapy with lavender. Keywords: aromatherapy; control; depression; group; journal; lavender; mean±sd=; oil; patients; pittsburgh; studies; study; test; university; weeks
• Community Readiness for Increasing Older Adult Physical Activity Levels in Kazakhstan by Izguttinov, Aniyar; Ainabekova, Assel; Petrescu-Prahova, Miruna; Wood, Suzanne J. (2020) - We identified a number of barriers that prevented seniors from leading active lifestyles, which included community misconceptions about older adult physical activity, family centeredness in older adulthood, scarcity of resources, passive support from the leadership, and lack of efforts in the community. Government funding was very scarce, and most of older adult physical activities were self-funded or supported by family members. Keywords: activity; adults; community; health; informants; issue; journal; kazakhstan; physical; pittsburgh; program; readiness; university
• COVID-19: An International Public Health Concern by Ayenigbara, Israel Oluwasegun (2020) - Here are the African countries with confirmed coronavirus cases. Initially, the majority of confirmed cases of COVID-19 has been in China where the outbreak started, however, massive COVID-19 cases and mortalities have occurred in other countries as well, for instance in the United States of America, Italy, Iran, France, Britain, France and Spain Keywords: cases; china; coronavirus; countries; covid-19; health; infection; journal; march; novel; number; pandemic; pittsburgh; transmission; university
• Poisoning Cases Reported to Poison Information Centre, Ahmedabad, India: A Three Year Observational Study by Pagdhune, Avinash; Kunal, Kundan; Patel, Kanubhai Amrutlal; Patel, Aswin Bhailalbhai; Mishra, SukhDev; Palkhade, Rajendra; Muhamed, Jaseer (2020) - Implementation of usage guidelines, educating farmers and vulnerable population, and finding novel alternatives for highly toxic chemicals may be helpful in decreasing the number of poisoning cases. A Three Year Observational Study Avinash Pagdhune1, Kundan Kunal1, Kanubhai Amrutlal Patel1, Aswin Bhailalbhai Patel1, SukhDev Mishra2, Rajendra Palkhade3, Jaseer Muhamed1,4,* 1Poison Information Centre, ICMR-National Institute of Occupational Health, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India; 2Biostatistics and Data Management, ICMR- National Institute of Occupational Health, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India; 3Animal Facility, ICMR-National Institute of Occupational Health, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India; 4Biochemistry, ICMR Regional Occupational Health Centre (Southern), Karnataka, India *Corresponding author email: jaseermuhamed@gmail.com Research Morbidity and mortality due to pesticide poisoning is a major public health issue, especially in lower and middle income countries.1 According to the National Crime Records Bureau of India, the official estimate of suicides resulted from insecticide poisoning was 10.4% of the total suicide cases in 2014.2 This estimate is more likely to be lower than the actual number because of under-reporting of suicide cases and exclusion of poisoning cases associated with rodenticides, fungicides and herbicides.1 An estimate of 11.3% of total suicide cases due to insecticide poisoning was also reported in lower and middle income countries of the South-East Asia region.1 In 2010, there was reports of incidence of 38.8% of suicide by pesticide ingestion in India.3 Among the Indian states, Gujarat state accounts for 5.4% of the suicide cases, and this is above the national average of the country.4 CENTRAL Keywords: activity; cases; cholinesterase; health; india; information; journal; pittsburgh; poisoning; poisoning cases; study; university
• TB case detection in Tajikistan – analysis of existing obstacles by Korobitsyn, Alexei; Bobokhojaev, Oktam; Mohr, Thomas; Ismoilova, Jamila; Makhmudova, Mavluda; Trusov, Alex (2013) - Methods: Review of the available original research data, health normative base, health systems performance and national economic data, following WHO framework for detection of TB cases, which is based on three scenarios of why incident cases of TB may not be notified. More research on reasons contributing to the failure to register TB cases, as well as factors underlying stigma is needed. Keywords: care; cases; detection; health; journal; pittsburgh; system; tajikistan; tuberculosis; university
• Estimating Case Fatality and Case Recovery Rates of COVID-19: is this the right thing to do? by Abdullatif Khafaie, Morteza; Rahim, Fakher (2021) - Laos 21 23 2 0.00% 91% 0.00% 100.00% 0.00% 65.22% St. Barth 13 21 8 0.00% 62% 0.00% 100.00% 0.00% 61.90% Saint Kitts and Nevis 17 17 0 0.00% 100% 0.00% 100.00% 0.00% 70.59% Greenland 14 14 0 0.00% 100% 0.00% 100.00% 0.00% 100.00% Montserrat 11 1 13 1 7.69% 85% 8.33% 91.67% 0.00% 84.62% Falkland Islands 13 13 0 0.00% 100% 0.00% 100.00% 0.00% 76.92% Vatican City 12 12 0 0.00% 100% 0.00% 100.00% 0.00% 100.00% Saint Pierre Miquelon 5 11 6 0.00% 45% 0.00% 100.00% 0.00% 36.36% Western Sahara 8 1 10 1 10.00% 80% 11.11% 88.89% 0.00% 80.00% MS Zaandam 2 9 7 22.22% 0% 100.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% Anguilla 3 3 0 0.00% 100% 0.00% 100.00% 0.00% 100.00% Total 20,811,464 924,577 28,943,657 7,207,616 3.19% 72% 4.25% 95.75% 0.73% 68.72% KHAFAIE & RAHIM | ISSN 2166-7403 (online) | DOI 10.5195/cajgh.2021.489|http://cajgh.pitt.edu Country Total Recovered Total deaths Total cases Active cases Model 1 Model 2 Model 3 CFR1 CRR1 CFR2 CRR2 CFR3 CRR3 Bangladesh 238,271 4,702 336,044 93,071 1.40% 71% 1.94% 98.06% 0.28% 68.78% Saudi Arabia 301,836 4,240 325,050 18,974 1.30% 93% 1.39% 98.61% 0.51% 86.03% Pakistan 289,429 6,379 301,481 5,673 2.12% 96% 2.16% 97.84% 0.26% 93.21% Turkey 257,731 6,999 289,635 24,905 2.42% 89% 2.64% 97.36% 0.32% 88.52% Iraq 221,283 7,941 286,778 57,554 2.77% 77% 3.46% 96.54% 0.23% 76.62% Italy 213,191 35,603 286,297 37,503 12.44% 74% 14.31% 85.69% 0.38% 71.24% Germany 235,300 9,427 260,546 15,819 3.62% 90% 3.85% 96.15% 0.87% 89.92% Philippines 187,116 4,292 257,863 66,455 1.66% 73% 2.24% 97.76% 0.06% 71.58% Indonesia 152,458 8,650 214,746 53,638 4.03% 71% 5.37% 94.63% 0.09% 67.64% Israel 113,496 1,103 152,722 38,123 0.72% 74% 0.96% 99.04% 0.94% 68.37% Ukraine 68,346 3,148 151,859 80,365 2.07% 45% 4.40% 95.60% 0.36% 36.87% Canada 120,075 9,170 136,141 6,896 6.74% 88% 7.10% 92.90% 0.01% 87.39% Bolivia 82,796 7,297 125,982 35,889 5.79% 66% 8.10% 91.90% 0.23% 63.32% Qatar 118,475 205 121,523 2,843 0.17% 97% 0.17% 99.83% 0.16% 91.46% Ecuador 91,242 10,864 116,451 14,345 9.33% 78% 10.64% 89.36% 0.33% 76.72% Kazakhstan 100,615 1,634 106,803 4,554 1.53% 94% 1.60% 98.40% 0.53% 91.90% Dominican Republic 76,531 1,953 103,092 24,608 1.89% 74% 2.49% 97.51% 0.62% 71.19% Romania 42,811 4,127 102,386 55,448 4.03% 42% 8.79% 91.21% 0.07% 40.11% Panama 73,476 2,155 101,041 25,410 2.13% 73% 2.85% 97.15% 0.01% 71.66% Egypt 83,261 5,627 100,856 11,968 5.58% 83% 6.33% 93.67% 0.08% 80.48% Kuwait 84,404 558 94,211 9,249 0.59% 90% 0.66% 99.34% 0.26% 80.19% Belgium 18,709 9,923 92,478 63,846 10.73% 20% 34.66% 65.34% 0.83% 18.99% Oman 83,325 762 88,337 4,250 0.86% 94% 0.91% 99.09% 0.25% 93.35% Sweden N/A 5,846 86,505 N/A 6.76% ----- 100.00% ----- 0.49% ----- Keywords: cases; cfr; countries; covid-19; crr; doi; global; health; journal; model; pittsburgh; total; university
• Recommendations for Mental Health Reforms in Uzbekistan: A Policy Report by Aliev, Akmal Alikhan; Salisbury, Tatiana Taylor (2020) - | ISSN 2166-7403 (online) | DOI 10.5195/cajgh.2020.513 | http://cajgh.pitt.edu While deinstitutionalization was commonplace across Western Europe during the end of the 20th century, a more biological approach to mental health held across Eastern Europe (EE) supported the institutionalization of mental health care in the region7. In 2018, Uzbekistan authorities showed interest in reforming mental health care of the country. Keywords: care; community; countries; health; hospitals; journal; mental; online; pittsburgh; policy; services; system; university; uzbekistan
• Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in Pregnant Women in Outpatient Facilities by Nogayeva, Maral G.; Tuleutayeva, Svetlana A. (2015) - Figure 1: Number of diagnosed urinary tract diseases among pregnant women from the Urinary System Diseases at CP5 prenatal clinic of Almaty from 2008 to 2011 Bacteriuria (≥105 cfu/ml) was detected in 38.5% of participants, and AB prevailed in the first trimester of pregnancy at a rate of 52.8%. | DOI 10.5195/cajgh.2015.53 | http://cajgh.pitt.edu Figure 1: Number of diagnosed urinary tract diseases among pregnant women from the Urinary System Diseases at CP5 prenatal clinic of Almaty from 2008 to 2011 1770 1718 1651 1578 426 413 487 345 0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 2008 2009 2010 2011 Number of pregnant women with urinary tract diseases Number of pregnant women observed during reporting period http://www.library.pitt.edu/ http://www.pitt.edu/ http://www.library.pitt.edu/articles/digpubtype/index.html http://www.upress.pitt.edu/upressIndex.aspx NOGAYEVA This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 United States License. Keywords: journal; pittsburgh; university; women
• Total and high-molecular-weight adiponectin levels in relation to insulin resistance among overweight/obese adults by Acharya, Sushama D.; Evans, Rhobert W.; Brooks, Maria M.; Linkov, Faina; Burke, Lora E. (2013) - Additionally, there were no significant differences in total adiponectin level by diet group (7.82 ± 3.74 vs. 7.64 ± 2.87 ug/ml; p = 0.7) or preference group (7.76 ± 3.57 vs. 7.62 ± 7.66 ug/ml; p = 0.7), nor did HMW adiponectin level differ by diet group (3.33 ± 2.21 vs. 3.23 ± 1.68 ug/ml; p = 0.8) or preference group (3.30 ± 1.97 vs. 3.23 ± 20.01; p = 0.8). Although the estimate for change in total adiponectin decreased by 34% when change in weight was added to the model, these results indicate that improvements in total adiponectin level contributed to improved insulin sensitivity above the usual clinical markers of diabetes. Keywords: adiponectin; baseline; diabetes; health; hmw; homa; insulin; journal; levels; pittsburgh; total; university; weight
• Concurrent Brucellosis and Q Fever Infection: a Case Control Study in Bamyan Province, Afghanistan by Saeed, Khwaja Mir Islam; Ahadi, Jamalludin; Sahak, Mohammad Nadir; Ghiasi, Ahmad Farid; Ashgar, Rana Jawad (2014) - 11 Another study, which was conducted to identify the potential risk factors for human brucellosis infection in Samarqand, Uzbekistan showed that brucellosis was highly associated with contact with aborted animals, slaughtering/butchering animals in the household, consumption of raw milk, and being in a family that had brucellosis sharing the same exposure. 25 This has been supported by a sero-prevalence study of human brucellosis in Turkey in which a statistically significant correlation found between seropositivity and age, sex, and consuming fresh cheese and cream made from un-boiled milk. Keywords: animals; brucellosis; cases; factors; fever; health; journal; pittsburgh; risk; university
• Prevalence of Risk Factors for Non-Communicable Diseases in the Adult Population of Urban Areas in Kabul City, Afghanistan by Saeed, Khwaja Mir Islam (2014) - Conclusion: These results highlight the need for interventions to reduce and prevent risk factors of non-communicable diseases in urban areas of Kabul City, Afghanistan. Keywords: non-communicable diseases, risk factors, hypertension, obesity, WHO STEPS Prevalence of Risk Factors for Non- Communicable Diseases in Adult Population of Urban Areas in Kabul City, Afghanistan Khwaja Mir Islam Saeed Afghanistan National Public Health Institute, Ministry of Public Health, Kabul, Afghanistan Research Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) consist of a vast group of non-infectious medical conditions; however emphasis has been on cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, and chronic respiratory diseases. Keywords: diabetes; diseases; factors; global; health; hypertension; journal; obesity; pittsburgh; prevalence; reference; risk; study; university; week
• Prevalence of obesity among Bangladeshi pregnant women at their first trimester of pregnancy by Goon, Shatabdi (2013) - A dramatic increase in birth defects and other pregnancy-induced disorders related to maternal obesity has added millions of dollars to health care costs leading great economical loss to the country. The findings of this study may act as baseline data for monitoring the effectiveness of national programs for the prevention and control of maternal obesity. Keywords: bmi; health; journal; maternal; obese; obesity; pittsburgh; pregnancy; prevalence; risk; study; university; weight; women
• A 24-hour dietary recall for assessing the intake pattern of choline among Bangladeshi pregnant women at their third trimester of pregnancy by Goon, Shatabdi; Dey, Sima Rani (2014) - 37 Several animal model studies have reported on the effect of choline intake and fetal development. Both factors are positively correlated with choline level intake, though the correlation is weak. Keywords: brain; choline; dietary; health; intake; journal; level; pittsburgh; pregnancy; study; university; women; zeisel

• Satisfaction with surgical correction of stress urinary incontinence in women: A pilot study in Almaty, Kazakhstan by Mukhtarova, Sayara M.; Omarova, Gulzhahan K.; Yoldasheva, Aynura I. (2014) - Descriptive statistics demonstrated that the major risk factors for stress urinary incontinence in this sample of women, were a combination of 2 or more factors, including: hypoestrogenia in 20 women (50%), obstetrical trauma in 17 women (42.5%), increased abdominal pressure in 6 (15%), complicated labor in 6 (15%), and connective tissue dysplasia in 4 (10%). Satisfaction with surgical correction of stress in urinary incontinence in women: A pilot study in Almaty, Kazakhstan Satisfaction with surgical correction of stress in urinary incontinence in women: A pilot study in Almaty, Kazakhstan Sayara M. Mukhtarova, Gulzhahan K. Omarova, Aynura I. Yoldasheva Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan Short Reports Introduction Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is a very important problem in the fields of gynecology and geriatrics. Keywords: incontinence; stress; sui; women
• Collagen Type I alpha1 (COL1A1) Gene Polymorphism and Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Kazakh Women by Aitkulova, Akbota; Akilzhanova, Ainur; Abilova, Zhannur; Zhumatova, Zaida; Akilzhanova, Gulbanu; Zholdybayeva, Elena (2014) - The aim of this investigation was to evaluate potential association between COL1A1 gene polymorphism and osteoporosis in Kazakh postmenopausal women. The distribution of genotypes frequency in the group of normal postmenopausal women was 76% GG, 16% GT, and 8% TT. Keywords: university; women
• Diagnostics of Cognitive Function in Women of Menopausal Period at Level of Primary Health Care by Zhilgeldina, N.; Ulykbassova, T. (2014) - One of the main problems related to menopause is misperception of menopause; consequently, there is no consensus on treatments for psychological dysfunction and cognitive deficits in menopausal women. Keywords: menopause, cognitive function, psychological function, women’s health http://www.library.pitt.edu/ http://www.pitt.edu/ http://www.library.pitt.edu/articles/digpubtype/index.html http://www.upress.pitt.edu/upressIndex.aspx Keywords: university; women
• BRCA1 and BRCA2 Gene Mutations Screening In Sporadic Breast Cancer Patients In Kazakhstan. by Akilzhanova, Ainur R.; Nyshanbekkyzy, Bagdat; Nurkina, Zhannur M.; Shtephanov, Ivan I.; Makishev, Abay K.; Adylkhanov, Tasbolat A.; Rakhypbekov, Tolebay K.; Ramanculov, Erlan M.; Momynaliev, Kuvat T. (2013) - The frequency of BRCA1 mutations in Chinese women with breast cancer without family history was 5.4%.40 On the other hand, 2% of breast cancer cases in the largest breast cancer population-based study in a UK population showed association with BRCA genes with 0.7% attribution of BRCA1 (Anglian Breast Cancer Study Group, 2000).41 Several hospital-based series of unselected breast cancers implicate BRCA1 and BRCA2 in 2–5% and 0–2% of all cases, respectively.41 The two most common haplotypes, defined by the alleles Gln356Pro871Glu1038Ser1613 and Gln356Leu871Gly1038Gly1613, have frequencies of 0.57 and 0.32, respectively, and these frequencies do not differ significantly between patient and control groups, indicating that the most common polymorphisms of the BRCA1 gene do not make a significant contribution to breast or ovarian cancer risk.30 Common polymorphisms in BRCA1/2 genes appear to be highly prevalent in Kazakhstan breast cancer cases and in healthy controls which is in concordance with previously reported findings in some Asian and European populations.37-43, 47-49 Frequencies of these polymorphisms were higher in breast cancer cases vs controls, particularly in the BRCA2 gene, p<0.05. Keywords: brca1; breast; breast cancer; cancer; cases; controls; genes; kazakhstan; mutations; patients; polymorphisms; sequence; study; variants; women; yes
• Socio-Structural Barriers, Protective Factors, and HIV Risk Among Central-Asian Female Migrants in Moscow by Zabrocki, Christopher; Weine, Stevan; Chen, Stephanie; Brajkovic, Ivana; Bahromov, Mahbat; Loue, Sana; Jonbekov, Jonbek; Shoakova, Farzona (2013) - Away from their home countries’ traditional cultures that prohibit women from engaging in non-marital sexual relations, female migrants may be more sexually active with more partners.6-9 In Moscow female migrants face greater difficulties with legal status than male migrants.10,11 These difficulties can increase their vulnerability to exploitation, reduce their access to services, and lead to higher STI and HIV.12-14 Illegal status may confine female migrants to unregistered and low-wage positions.15 To survive, women often turn to formal sex work or to transactional sex, resulting in greater sexual risk for HIV.16-18 Female migrants from developing countries often have limited HIV knowledge, may associate condoms with promiscuity, and may avoid condom use with regular sexual partners.19-24 On the other hand, home country religion, cultural values of abstinence, and having friends not engaged in sexual risk behavior may be protective factors for HIV risk.25-27 Respect for parents’ beliefs and values and having plans for the future have been found to be protective against pre-marital sex.28 The WHO has shifted the emphasis of preventative health care with migrants from a focus on individual behavior to considering the social determinants of health.29 However, HIV risk among the growing number of female labor migrants globally, is presently under-investigated.30 There is a need for scientific investigations of female migrants that build knowledge on the social determinants of health and that could help to inform the development of HIV prevention for female labor migrants. Keywords: aids; health; hiv; kyrgyz; migrants; moscow; risk; sex; sexual; support; tajik; women; work
• Uptake of HIV testing among women of reproductive age in Tajikistan: An assessment of individual determinants by Kasymova, Salima (2020) - Finally, previous research reported that many women do not seek HIV testing services because their brothers or mothers-in-law forbid them to do so.3 Moreover, available data suggests that spouses rarely discuss HIV testing between each other.18 Asking a husband/partner to test for HIV is particularly difficult for a woman due to power dynamics within the relationship. Uptake of HIV testing among women of reproductive age in Tajikistan: Keywords: doi; health; hiv; journal; tajikistan; testing; women

• Modernization and growth in Kazakhstan by Sharman, Almaz (2012) - The new law prioritizes the following areas: Energy research Innovative technologies in processing of raw materials Innovation and telecommunication technologies Life Sciences Basic research in humanities and other fields The new law establishes national research councils in the relevant priority areas and three streams of research funding: Basic funding to support scientific infrastructure, property, and salaries Grant funding to support research programs Program-target funding to resolve strategic challenges In addition, the new law establishes a system for peer review of research grant applications. Until recently, policy on research funding in Kazakhstan was focused on sustaining the existing institutions rather than the development of research and innovative mechanisms. Keywords: funding; kazakhstan; research
• Why Does Kazakhstan Need New Scientific Journals? by Adambekov, Shalkar; Dosmukhambetova, Galiya; Nygymetov, Gani; LaPorte, Ronald; Linkov, Faina (2014) - The Central Asian Journal of Global Health (cajgh.pitt.edu) has been developed in collaboration between experts at Nazarbayev University and the University of Pittsburgh with the goal of ending scientific isolation and allowing Kazakhstan scientists to publish their research discoveries in an English language medium. It is usually difficult to publish research if one does not have an established name supporting one's manuscript, which is a problem for Kazakhstan authors. Keywords: journals; kazakhstan; research
• Metagenomic Analysis of Koumiss in Kazakhstan by Kozhakhmetov, Samat; Tynybayeva, Indira; Baikhanova, Dinara; Saduakhasova, Saule; Shakhabayeva, Gulnar; Kushugulova, Almagul; Nurgozhin, Talgat; Zhumadilov, Zhaxybay (2014) - Thus, the first metagenomic research of koumiss, which was conducted in Kazakhstan, showed significant variations in microbial composition. Our studies showed that in the most samples of koumiss isolated from Akmola region (Central Kazakhstan) prevailed the following bacteria species: Lactobacillus diolivorans, Lactobacillus acidophilus, L. casei, L. curvatus yeast genus Torula (62.4%) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (37.6%). Keywords: kazakhstan; koumiss; university
• A New Paradigm of Primary Health Care in Kazakhstan: Personalized, Community-based, Standardized, and Technology-driven by Sharman, Almaz (2014) - While many different papers have been published about the importance of prevention and primary health care, few have focused on healthcare transition in Kazakhstan or other countries in Central Asia. Modern technologies such as the Internet, social media, and portable medical devices democratize medicine, providing great opportunities to rethink the Alma-Ata Declaration and reinvent primary health care on an entirely new platform that is knowledge-based and technology-assisted. Keywords: care; health; healthcare; journal; kazakhstan; medical; system; university
• Family Medicine as a Model of Primary Health Services Delivery: A Pilot Study in Almaty, Kazakhstan by Orynbassarova, Dilara (2015) - Advanced models of delivering primary health care are being implemented in various countries of the world. Keywords: Central Asia, Kazakhstan, primary health care, family medicine, access to care, general practice Family Medicine as a Model of Primary Health Services Delivery: A Pilot Study in Almaty, Kazakhstan Dilara Orynbassarova KIMEP University, MPA, Almaty, Kazakhstan Research Advanced models of delivering primary health care are being implemented in various countries around the world. Keywords: care; family; health; kazakhstan; medicine; primary; respondents; services; university
• Pregnancy Outcomes Complicated by Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes: Retrospective Review of Cases in Three Institutions in Kazakhstan by Imankulova, Balkenzhe; Aimagambetova, Gulzhanat; Saiddildina, Layzzat; Ukybassova, Talshyn (2015) - Complications experienced by PPROM women during delivery and early postpartum period included: precipitous labor (6.4%), weakness of labor activity (16.2%), atonic hemorrhage (1.2%), and chorioamnionitis (3.2%). Pre-term premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) is one of the leading causes of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Keywords: kazakhstan; pprom
• Public Health Challenges and Priorities for Kazakhstan by Aringazina, Altyn; Gulis, Gabriel; Allegrante, John P. (2012) - Thus, there is an urgent need to support the development of public health programs at the local level and encourage an interdisciplinary and intersectoral approach to public health policy and program development. Perhaps the most pressing challenges for public health are of organizational, political, and philosophical nature. Keywords: care; central; development; diseases; education; health; kazakhstan; ksph; new; population; program; promotion; public; region
• Detection of Hepatitis E Antibodies in Kazakhstan: A Pilot Study by Cainelli, Francesca; Hortelano, Gonzalo; Negmetzhanov, Baurzhan; Ibrayeva, Aigerim; Kaliaskarova, Kulpash; Bulanin, Denis; Vento, Sandro (2018) - This pilot study suggests that Hepatitis E virus has been circulating in Kazakhstan. Hepatitis E virus (HEV): molecular cloning and sequencing of the full-length viral genome. Keywords: astana; doi; hepatitis; hev; kazakhstan; university; virus
• Study of genetic markers of cardiac arrhythmias in Kazakhstan by Bekbossynova, Makhabbat; Akilzhanova, Ainur; Abilova, Zhannur; Abdrahmanov, Ayan; Nuralinov, Omirbek (2014) - Study of genetic markers of cardiac arrhythmias in Kazakhstan New articles in this journal are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 United States License. Study of genetic markers of cardiac arrhythmias in Kazakhstan Makhabbat Bekbossynova1, Ainur Akilzhanova2, Zhannur Abilova2, Ayan Abdrahmanov1, Omirbek Nuralinov1 1National Research Center for Cardiac Surgery, Astana, Kazakhstan; 2Department for Organization and Development of Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Center for Life Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan Vol. 2, Suppl. Keywords: kazakhstan; university
• Pharmacogenetic research in Kazakhstan by Zholdybayeva, Elena; Iskakova, Aisha; Romanova, Aliya; Ramanculov, Erlan; Momynaliev, Kuvat (2014) - Pharmacogenomic research is relatively new in Kazahkstan, but, in recent years, significant progress has been made in this field. Pharmacogenetic research in Kazakhstan Elena Zholdybayeva1, Aisha Iskakova1, Aliya Romanova1, Erlan Ramanculov2, Kuvat Momynaliev1 1National Center for Biotechnology, Astana, Kazakhstan; 2Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan Vol. 2, Suppl. Keywords: kazakhstan; university

• Publication Productivity in Central Asia and Countries of the Former Soviet Union by Adambekov, Shalkar; Askarova, Sholpan; Welburn, Sharon C.; Goughnour, Sharon L.; Konishi, Ayumi; LaPorte, Ronald; Linkov, Faina (2016) - Keywords: Publication productivity, scientific publications, Central Asia, Kazakhstan Publication Productivity in Central Asia and Countries of the Former Soviet Union Shalkar Adambekov1, Sholpan Askarova2, Sharon C. Welburn1, Sharon Goughnour4, Ayumi Konishi3, Ronald LaPorte1, Faina Linkov4 1Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, 2National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, 3East Asia Department, Asia Development Bank, 4Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, Magee-Womens Research Institute Research Scientific research conducted in Central Asia is underrepresented in the international scientific literature. The analysis of publication productivity showed significant discrepancies in the number of published documents among the Central Asian countries. Keywords: central; countries; journal; number; publications; university
• The Central Asian Supercourse to Increase Scientific Productivity by Linkov, Faina; Guzman, Robert; Soisson, Sean; Freese, Kyle E.; Sheikh, Aamir H.; Shubnikov, Eugene; LaPorte, Ronald E. (2013) - They also have similar health patterns and life expectancies (Uzbekistan, 67.2, Kazakhstan, 67.0, Tajikistan, 66.7, Kyrgyzstan, 65.9 and Turkmenistan, 63.2) which are near to the global average life expectancy.1 Figure 1: The countries of Central Asia Since World War II, Central Asian countries have demonstrated a rapid increase in life expectancy, although there is still a large gap between genders.2 Each country underwent the epidemiological transition, where life expectancy rose due to a major reduction of infectious diseases and an unmasking of chronic diseases including: diabetes,3 cardiovascular disease, cancer, stroke, COPD, and injuries. As presented in Figure 2, there are countries that are adjacent to Central Asian countries, such as Iran, with 40 times the number of articles published (9,257 per year) and Pakistan with 11 times more, 2,944 per year).6 Figure 2: Comparison of number of publications from countries adjacent to Central Asia and the countries of Central Asia. Keywords: asia; central; countries; health; research; supercourse
• The Central Asian Journal of Global Health: A Supercourse Journal by Linkov, Faina; LaPorte, Ronald (2012) - The new Central Asian Journal of Global Health will be the first open access scientific journal affiliated with the Supercourse network. In addition to the highest-quality reviews and perspectives covering the field of health in Central Asia, each issue will include news stories and investigations into the hottest topics and new research practices in the field of public health, helping us fulfill our goal of uniting multiple disciplines and cross-disciplinary research under one roof. Keywords: central; journal

• Cardiovascular risk factors in young male adults: impact of physical activity and parental education by Çuhadar, Serap; Atay, Ayşenur; Sağlam, Gülcan; Köseoğlu, Mehmet; Çuhadar, Levent (2013) - Cardiovascular diseases typically occur in middle age or later, however lifestyle behaviors are learned in early life and maintained throughout adulthood.9,10 Physical activity levels and dietary habits are important health related factors that, learned in early ages, are screening tools to identify young subjects at risk for later CHD development.11 Reports have shown that excess weight and sedentary lifestyle among young adults are associated with high prevalence of cardiovascular risk.12 Low parental education has been shown to contribute to an individual’s risk for CHD development.13 In the current study, analyses were conducted to assess whether choices of physical activity, smoking status, and parental education and income were correlated with the health status of young adult males, which are important for preventive health policy. For these educated young adults, low parental education caused no impact on their health status. Keywords: activity; cholesterol; education; factors; hdl; health; risk; smoking; study

• Esophageal Cancer in Kazakhstan: Multi-omic Research Challenges by Rakhimova, Saule; Akilzhanova, Ainur; Zhukov, Yurii; Omarov, Marat; Zhumadilov, Zhaxybay (2014) - Esophageal cancer (EC) is the sixth most common cancer in Kazakhstan, fifth leading cause of mortality among men, and ninth leading cause of mortality among women. ESCC is the most common histologic subtype of esophageal cancer in our patients and is characterized by a poor prognosis. Keywords: patients; university
• Sero-Occurrence of HBV/HCV Co-infection and Levels of Liver Enzymes among Patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Central India: a Pilot Study by Desikan, Prabha; Rangnekar, Aseem; Khan, Zeba; Panwalkar, Nikita; Bose, Protiti; Gulwani, Hanni Vasudev; Kaur, Sukhpreet (2019) - Once HBV infection is detected during a diagnostic workup of hepatitis, it is possible that hepatitis may be attributed to HBV infection alone and further etiological diagnoses may not be carried out. There were no available data on occult HBV infection since HBV DNA assays were not performed. Keywords: hbv; hcv; hepatitis; india; infection; journal; liver; patients; study; university; virus
• Evaluation of communication between physicians and patients in Astana City Hospital ?1 by Zhumadilova, Anara; Craig, Brett J.; Tsoy, Alexey; Gabdrakhmanova, Alla; Bobak, Martin (2014) - Abstract Introduction: Communication between patients and health care providers is important for the effective functioning of health care systems. We investigated the degree to which health care providers (doctors and nurses) and patients in Kazakhstan believe that interaction between doctors and patients should be doctor- or patient-oriented. Keywords: health; patients

• The Impact of Global Institutions on National Health HIV/AIDS Policy Making in Developing Countries by Mokushev, Zhanat (2013) - Developing countries tried to find compromise with developed countries to use compulsory licenses- they promised not to produce medicines in case wealthy countries decreased the price of drugs, particularly for poor people.5 Stiglitz suggests that rich countries cannot play “one-size-fits-all” policies. Abstract This article explores the relationship of global institutions such as the International Monetary Fund, World Trade Organization, World Bank, and individual developing countries in social health policy making in terms of HIV and AIDS. Keywords: aids; countries; global; health; hiv; policy
• Is the Supercourse useful for Latin America? by Padilla-Raygoza, Nicolas; Linkov, Faina; Shubnikov, Eugene; LaPorte, Ronald E.; Diaz-Guerrero, Rosalina (2013) - Latin American Supercourse on Epidemiology, Internet and Global Health. Latin American Supercourse; 2009 December. Keywords: american; global; health; latin; lectures; spanish; supercourse

• Missing Millions and Measuring Progress towards the Millenium Development Goals with a focus on Central Asian States by Carr-Hill, Roy (2012) - It is urgent to find solutions to the problem of the ‘missing’ poor population sub-groups. Missing Millions and Measuring Progress towards the Millennium Development Goals with a focus on Central Asia States Missing Millions and Measuring Progress towards the Millennium Development Goals with a focus on Central Asia States Roy Carr-Hill1 1Centre for Health Economics, University of York Abstract Background: In developing countries, population estimates and assessments of progress towards the Millennium Development Goals are based increasingly on household surveys. Keywords: asia; census; censuses; countries; estimates; household; population; sampling; surveys
• Cannabis and Amphetamine Use Among Adolescents in Five Asian Countries by Peltzer, Karl; Pengpid, Supa (2017) - Results: Overall, the prevalence of lifetime cannabis use was 0.9% and lifetime amphetamine use was 1.0% among research participants. In Vietnam, amphetamine use continues to increase, especially among adolescents in major cities.9 In a previously published systematic review of cannabis use in high school and college students (≤18 years) in Iran, the prevalence of lifetime cannabis use was 5.0% (95% CI = 3.0%,7.0%).10 In a study focusing on high school students (mean age 15.0 years, SD=3.7) in Eastern India, the lifetime illicit drug use was 6.1% among rural and 0.6% among urban students.11 Lifetime illicit drug use was reported to be 7.9% among adolescents (15-18 years) attending primary health care centers in Saudi Arabia.12 In 38 European and North American countries, 19.9% of adolescents (22.9% of males and 17.0% of females) reported lifetime cannabis use.13 Keywords: adolescents; amphetamine; amphetamine use; cannabis; cannabis use; countries; drug; health; lifetime; school; university; use
• The Case of NRENs in Central Asia by Janz, Robert Franciscus; Kutanov, Askar (2012) - Telemedicine is another important area for collaboration among Central Asian NRENs due to the shortage of qualified medical doctors and services in rural areas. Additional NREN services Besides connectivity NRENs provide other services for their user constituency, such as library services, electronic learning environments, ICT tools for research, hosting and housing for smaller institutions, security platforms and many other ICT related services. Keywords: countries; education; nrens; research; services

• Clinical Data, Comorbidities, and Mortality of COVID-19 in the State of Guanajuato, Mexico until May 20, 2020 by Padilla-Raygoza, Nicolás; Navarro-Olivos, Efraín; Gallardo-Luna, María de Jesús; Magos-Vázquez, Francisco J; Díaz-Martínez, Daniel Alberto; Sandoval-Salazar, Cuauhtémoc; Díaz-Becerril, Luis Antonio (2020) - A suspected case is one that manifests fever, cough, dyspnea, and has had a trip abroad to a country with a high frequency of COVID-19 cases or have had contact with a confirmed case. The objective of this study was to analyze the evolution, symptoms, co-morbidities and deaths due to confirmed cases of COVID-19. Keywords: cases; covid-19; doi; guanajuato; health; journal; state; university

• Examination of Lactic Acid Bacteria to Secretion of Bacteriocins by Urazova, Maira; Moldagulova, Asel; Anuarbekova, Sandugash; Tuyakova, Altynay; Abitaeva, Gulyaim; Nagyzbekkyzy, Elvira; Bekenova, Eleonora; Shaikhin, Serik; Almagambetov, Kairtai (2014) - Results: Screening of 95 strains of LAB through deferred antagonism to six indicator cultures showed that all of the selected strains had a high value of antibacterial activity. Lb.rhamnosus (P-1), Lb.fermentum (N-6), and Lc.lactis (7M) lost antibacterial activity in the presence of the catalase. Keywords: activity; university
• Health benefits of new symbiotic “NAR” by Saduakhasova, Saule; Kushugulova, Almagul; Kozhakhmetov, Samat; Shakhabayeva, Gulnara; Supiyev, Adil; Khasenbekova, Zhanagul; Tynybayeva, Indira; Nurgozhin, Talgat; Zhumadilov, Zhaxybay (2014) - Conclusion: The majority of the inflammatory mediators found in the blood after the consumption of symbiotic product NAR were inflammatory mediators that activate a cellular component of the resistance. The analysis identified a superoxide dismutase activity of synbiotic product (1.42 U/mg protein). Keywords: activity; product
• Antioxidant activity of the probiotic consortium in vitro by Saduakhasova, Saule; Kushugulova, Almagul; Kozhakhmetov, Samat; Shakhabayeva, Gulnara; Tynybayeva, Indira; Nurgozhin, Talgat; Zhumadilov, Zhaxybay (2014) - Antioxidant activity of the probiotic consortium in vitro Saule Saduakhasova, Almagul Kushugulova, Samat Kozhakhmetov, Gulnara Shakhabayeva, Indira Tynybayeva, Talgat Nurgozhin, Zhaxybay Zhumadilov Center for Life Sciences, Nazarbayev University Vol. 2, Suppl. Keywords: antioxidant activity, probiotic bacteria http://www.library.pitt.edu/ http://www.pitt.edu/ http://www.library.pitt.edu/articles/digpubtype/index.html http://www.upress.pitt.edu/upressIndex.aspx Keywords: activity; consortium
• The Probiotical Potential of Lactobacilli from Therapeutic Preventive Beverage Kurunga by Stoyanova, Lidia; Kozhakhmetov, Samat; Kushugulova, Almagul; Nurgozhin, Talgat; Zhumadilov, Zhaxybay; Bryukhanov, Andrey; Napalkova, Maria; Netrusov, Alexander (2014) - The unique properties of this strain, such as stability in the gastrointestinal tract, the wide spectrum of bactericidal and fungicidal action to the pathogenic species, the relatively high superoxide dismutase and proteolytic activities, and the absence of toxicity, make it a prime candidate for probiotic culturing. Kurunga is a dairy drink made of a mix of lactic acid and alcoholic fermentation, characterized by high biological value based on protein composition, amino acid spectrum, fatty acid composition of lipids, vitamin and mineral substances, and physiological activity of microbiota containing lactobacilli, lactococci, bifidobacteria, and yeast. Keywords: activity; university

• Developing a Supercourse Help Desk for India by Lovalekar, Mita; Pemde, Harish K.; Verma, Babu L. (2013) - Research capacity to investigate such endemic diseases in India is limited due to lack of adequate access of growing professionals to training in research methods, biostatistics, epidemiological methods, logical interpretation of public health concepts and also, medical research literature in journals. Whether enhancing professionals’ knowledge in research methods and biostatistics in developing countries like India, will produce increased research opportunities in terms of scientific contributions, is to be investigated and published. Keywords: health; india; journal; research; supercourse; university

• Precision of Disability Estimates for Southeast Asians in the American Community Survey 2008-2010 Microdata by Siordia, Carlos; Le, Vi Donna (2013) - Findings reveal that disability estimates for Southeast Asians have a much higher degree of imprecision than for NLW. In the case of disability estimates for specific populations, the term “estimate” signals that a sophisticated approximation is being made based on a sample and statistical inference.6 This means that the estimate contains some uncertainty. Keywords: american; disability; error; estimates; population; survey

• Use of Public Health Promotion Items to Improve Health in Saudi Arabia by Al Aboud, Khalid; Jameel, Waleed; Al Asmari, Zaher; Al Osaimy, Hamdan; Al Sobiani, Awateef; Salam, Samiah Abdul; Al Zahrani, Yaseer (2013) - 5,6 Because addressing the language barrier has proven very difficult, experts have sought alternative methods for connecting health care providers to their patients. One potential method is to increase awareness about health care using gifts and promotional items. Keywords: arabia; care; health; saudi

• Features of Cytokine Profile in Different Age Groups by Shortanbayev, Alikhan; Bizhigitova, Beibitgul; Tarabayeva, Anel; Nurmuchanbetova, Aliya (2014) - In older age groups, there was a gradual increase in cytokine concentration. For age group 45-49, the concentration of TNF- was 5.94 pcg/ml. Keywords: age

• Pre-conception preparation at the antiphospholipid syndrome as way to improve reproductive health by Tanysheva, Gulyash; Kabylova, Saule; Kinayatova, Sholpan; Zhumazhanova, Aizat (2014) - Pre-conception preparing reduces the incidence of miscarriage, pre-term labor, and the development of pre-eclampsia, and placental insufficiency. Materials and methods: We assessed the effectiveness of pre-conception preparing, including traditional therapy of APS in conjunction with system enzyme therapy (SET) and plasmapheresis sessions. Keywords: group; pre
• Radiation risk factors in incidence anortality among exposed individuals of East Kazakhstand m by Apsalikov, Kazbek; Muldagaliev, Talgat; Apsalikov, Rustem; Serikkankyzy, Shinar; Zholambaeva, Zaure (2014) - Abstract Introduction: Lengthy clinical and epidemiological studies at the Research Institute of Radiation Medicine and Ecology have discovered basic patterns of long-term effects from ionizing radiation in population groups exposed to radiation risk. Keywords: ionizing radiation, radiation risk, Kazakhstan http://www.library.pitt.edu/ http://www.pitt.edu/ http://www.library.pitt.edu/articles/digpubtype/index.html http://www.upress.pitt.edu/upressIndex.aspx Keywords: group; radiation
• Lifestyle intervention as a treatment for obesity in school-age-children in Celaya, Guanajuato: An experimental study by Padilla-Raygoza, Nicolas; Diaz-Guerrero, Rosalina; Ruiz-Paloalto, Ma. Laura (2013) - Statistical Analysis: The OR and 95% CI were calculated to determine the effect of the intervention; a Z-test for two proportions for overweight and obesity in the control and experimental groups were carried out for comparison. The results found in the control and experimental groups were used to define the impact of the lifestyle intervention program. Keywords: blood; children; control; experimental; group; intervention; obesity; overweight; pressure
• Evaluation of micronuclei in oral mucosa of individuals exposed to ionizing radiation: a pilot study from Celaya, México by Padilla-Raygoza, Nicolas; Gutiérrez, María del Rocio Adame; Martínez, Itza Zelene Moreno; Beltran-Campos, Vicente; Delgado-Sandoval, Silvia del Carmen; Garcia-Campos, Maria de Lourdes; Sosa-Aquino, Modesto Antonio; Cordova-Fraga, Teodoro; Guzman-Cabrera, Rafael (2019) - High radiation exposure (≥4.1mSv) was significantly more common among the exposed group compared to the non-exposed group (13.33% vs 0.00%, P<0.05) (Table 2). Also, the measurement of radiation exposure was performed over the course of one month, which may not be sufficient. Keywords: damage; engineering; exposure; group; health; journal; radiation; study; university

• PTH Gene Polymorphism and Breast Cancer Risk in Kazakhstan by Sikhayeva, Nurgul; Abilova, Zhannur; Shtefanov, Ivan; Makishev, Abai; Akilzhanova, Ainur (2014) - Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the gene encoding the parathyroid hormone (PTH) are associated with breast cancer development risk, and may modify the associative interaction between the levels of calcium intake and breast cancer. Further studies are required to confirm our results and clarify role of PTH gene genotypes on breast cancer risk. Keywords: breast; cancer
• Editorial: BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes mutations screening in sporadic breast cancer patients in Kazakhstan by Jankowitz, Rachel C.; Knickelbein, Kelly Z. (2013) - Since this groundbreaking scientific discovery, much has been learned about genetic risk of breast cancer (such as newer detection techniques with improved sensitivity to detect BRCA1 and BRCA2 large genomic rearrangements);8 however, many BRCA-related questions remain unanswered. Family history and the risk of breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Keywords: brca1; breast; cancer; variants

• Alcohol and Tobacco Use Among Undergraduate and Postgraduate Medical Students in India: A Multicentric Cross-sectional Study by Goel, Nidhi; Khandelwal, Vivek; Pandya, Kapil; Kotwal, Atul (2015) - Trends in medical student use of tobacco, alcohol and drugs in an Irish university, 1973-2002. Abstract Background: Substance use among medical fraternity is a well-known phenomenon among both undergraduate (UG) and postgraduate (PG) medical students. Keywords: alcohol; journal; medical; students; substance; tobacco; university; use
• Examining Students’ Motivations to Pursue a Bachelor’s Degree in Nutrition by Arriaga, Allison Moreno; Terán, Rosa Dejanira Medina; Martínez, Cecilia Flores; Zamora, María José Campos; Lemus, Hilda Lissette López; Salazar, Cuauhtémoc Sandoval (2019) - The aim of this paper was to determine factors influencing student motivations for pursuing a bachelor’s degree in nutrition at the University of Guanajuato. Examining Students’ Motivations to Pursue a Bachelor’s Degree in Nutrition Allison Moreno Arriaga, Rosa Dejanira Medina Terán, Cecilia Flores Martínez, María José Campos Zamora, Hilda Lissette López Lemus, Cuauhtémoc Sandoval Salazar* Department of Nursing and Obstetrics, Celaya-Salvatierra Campus, University of Guanajuato, Mexico *e-mail: cuauhtemocss@gmail.com Vol. 8, Suppl. Keywords: students; university

• Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms and Breast Cancer Risk in Kazakhstan by Akilzhanova, Ainur; Abilova, Zhannur; Sikhayeva, Nurgul; Shtefanov, Ivan; Makishev, Abay; Adylkhanov, Tasbolat; Rakhypbekov, Tolebay; Zhumadilov, Zhaxybay; Momynaliev, Kuvat (2014) - Aim: We have investigated whether specific VDR gene polymorphisms are associated with breast cancer risk in Kazakhstan women. Two common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the VDR gene (VDR), rs1544410 (BsmI) and rs2228570 (FokI), have been inconsistently associated with breast cancer risk. Keywords: breast; university

• Emerging Infectious Diseases, Antimicrobial Resistance and Millennium Development Goals: Resolving the Challenges through One Health by Asokan, G. V.; Kasimanickam, R. K. (2014) - Trends in antimicrobial drug development: Implications for the future. Recent emergence and dissemination of drug-resistant pathogens has accelerated and prevent reaching the targets of MDG, with shrinking of therapeutic arsenal, mostly due to antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Keywords: animals; antibiotic; antimicrobial; development; diseases; health; mdg; new; resistance; use

• Kainar Syndrome: History of the First Epidemiological Case-control Study of the Effect of Radiation and Malnutrition by Atchabarov, Aidar (2015) - While Kainar Syndrome, overall, has received significant attention in the literature, Minor Kainar Syndrome remains an underpublished phenomenon. Initial explorations of the etiology of Kainar Syndrome identified radiation exposure and insufficient levels of vitamin C as risk factors for the syndrome. Keywords: areas; changes; health; kainar; radiation; university

• Effects of Antioxidants and Vitamins on the Proliferation of Human Diploid Cells by Dаnlybaeva, Gaziza; Isabekova, Assel; Akhmadeyeva, Zhansaya (2014) - Conclusion: Studies examining the effect of different combinations of microelements on the proliferation of human diploid cells and the expression of specific proteins in them are still being conducted. Keywords: vitamins, antioxidants, human diploid cells http://www.library.pitt.edu/ http://www.pitt.edu/ http://www.library.pitt.edu/articles/digpubtype/index.html http://www.upress.pitt.edu/upressIndex.aspx Keywords: cells; vitamins
• Role of ROS in A?42 Mediated Activation of Cerebral Endothelial Cells by Tsoy, Andrey; Umbayev, Bauyrzhan; Shalakhmetova, Tamara; Askarova, Sholpan (2014) - Exposure of CECs with Aβ42 promoted actin polymerization, which peaked after 10 minutes of Aβ42 treatment, while no significant increase of F-actin intensity was observed when cells were pre-treated with NAC. We also found that Aβ42 increased P-selectin fluorescence at the surface of bEnd3 cells in a time dependent manner in parallel to ROS elevation. Keywords: aβ42; cells
• Effects of Amyloid Beta Peptide on Neurovascular Cells by Askarova, Sholpan; Tsoy, Andrey; Shalakhmetova, Tamara; Lee, James C-M (2013) - In this regard, current theories imply that AD is mainly caused by vascular risk factors, and that vascular derived pathology is responsible for initiation and/or progression of AD.9,11 Recent studies provided significant data supporting the notion that the pathophysiology of blood brain barrier (BBB) and imbalanced interaction between cerebral endothelial cells (CECs), glial cells and neurons may trigger the progressive destruction of cortical neurons in AD.10,12-21 1. Askarova S, Yang X, Sheng W, Sun GY, Lee JC-M. Role of Ab-Receptor for advanced endproducts in oxidativestress and cytosolic phospholipase A2 activation in astrocytes and cerebral endothelial cells. Keywords: alzheimer; amyloid; barrier; bbb; beta; blood; brain; cecs; cells; disease; dysfunction; endothelial; neurovascular; peptide; protein; rage; stress; vascular
• Deprivation of human natural killer cells and antitumor immune response by Ogay, Vyacheslav; Sekenova, Aliya; Choi, Inpyo (2014) - These iPSCs were differentiated into NK cells using a two-stage coculture system: iPSCs into hematopoietic CD34+ cells with feeder cells M210-B4 (ATCC, USA) and CD34+ cells into mature NK cells with AFT024 cells (ATCC, USA). This demonstrates a need for a source of NK cells that can supplement the endogenous cell population. Keywords: cells; university

• New directions in building a scientific social network: Experiences in the Supercourse project and application to Central Asia by Hennon, Meredith; LaPorte, Ronald E.; Shubnikov, Eugene; Linkov, Faina (2012) - By reaching leaders in the field of medicine and public health, such as deans, the chances of reaching multiple members of medical social networks are greatly increased, as these leaders are well connected in their respective areas. The 10 people working to locate this elite group of individuals found 1566 email addresses for medical school and school of public health deans; about 87% of them were identified (Table 1). Keywords: health; information; medical; network; public; schools; supercourse

• Need for Couple’s Awareness About Sexual Health in COVID-19 Pandemic by Babapour, Farzaneh; Hamidi, Fatemeh; Hamzehgardeshi, Zeinab (2020) - Sexual health and its linkages to reproductive health: an operational approach World Health Organization 2017 https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/97892415128 8. According to the WHO definition, “sexual health is the state of physical, mental and social well-being in regard to sexuality. Keywords: covid-19; doi; health; university

• Complete Genome Sequence of the Probiotic Lactic Acid Bacterium Lactobacillus Rhamnosus by Kozhakhmetov, Samat; Kushugulova, Almagul; Supiyev, Adil; Tynybayeva, Indira; Kairov, Ulykbek; Saduakhasova, Saule; Shakhabayeva, Gulnara; Bapishev, Kenzhebulat; Nurgozhin, Talgat; Zhumadilov, Zhaxybay (2014) - Conclusion: A full genome-sequencing of selected strains of lactic acid bacteria was made during the study. Keywords: lactobacilli, lactic acid bacteria, genome sequencing http://www.library.pitt.edu/ http://www.pitt.edu/ http://www.library.pitt.edu/articles/digpubtype/index.html http://www.upress.pitt.edu/upressIndex.aspx Keywords: genome; lactobacillus
• Whole genome sequencing of M.tuberculosis in Kazakhstan: preliminary data by Kairov, Ulykbek; Kozhamkulov, Ulan; Rakhimova, Saule; Askapuli, Ayken; Zhabagin, Maxat; Bismilda, Venera; Chingissova, Leyla; Zhumadilov, Zhaxybay; Akilzhanova, Ainur (2014) - Aim: To perform whole genome sequencing of M. tuberculosis strains isolated in Kazakhstan and analyze sequence data (first experience and preliminary data). Whole genome sequencing of M.tuberculosis in Kazakhstan: preliminary data Ulykbek Kairov1, Ulan Kozhamkulov1, Saule Rakhimova1, Ayken Askapuli1, Maxat Zhabagin1, Venera Bismilda2, Leyla Chingissova2, Zhaxybay Zhumadilov1, Ainur Akilzhanova1 1Center for Life Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan; 2National Center for Problems of Tuberculosis, Almaty, Kazakhstan Vol. 2, Suppl. Keywords: genome; tuberculosis
• The First Kazakh Whole Genomes: The First Report of NGS Data by Akilzhanova, Ainur; Kairov, Ulykbek; Rakhimova, Saule; Molkenov, Askhat; Rhie, Arang; Kim, Jong-Il; Seo, Jeong-Sun; Zhumadilov, Zhaxybay (2014) - Keywords: whole genome sequencing, Kazakh population http://www.library.pitt.edu/ http://www.pitt.edu/ http://www.library.pitt.edu/articles/digpubtype/index.html http://www.upress.pitt.edu/upressIndex.aspx Results: The sequence alignment and mapping procedures on reference genome hg19 of each 6 healthy Kazakh individual were completed. Keywords: genome; sequencing; university

• Distribution of Beijing Genotype Among Clinical Isolates of M. tuberculosis Circulating in Kazakhstan by Akhmetova, Ainur; Bismilda, Venera; Chingissova, Leila; Kozhamkulov, Ulan (2014) - MIRU-VNTR was used to genotype 134 clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis isolated from new cases and recurrent cases of TB from different regions of Kazakhstan. In this study we aimed to estimate biological diversity of clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis from different regions of Kazakhstan based on MIRU-VNTR analysis. Keywords: tuberculosis; university

• Speman®, A Proprietary Ayurvedic Formulation, Reverses Cyclophosphamide-Induced Oligospermia In Rats. by Mukram, Mohd. Azeemuddin; Rafiq, Mohamed; Anturlikar, Suryakant D.; Patki, Pralhad S. (2013) - Conclusion: Findings of this investigation indicate that Speman® dose dependently reversed the CP-induced derangement of various parameters pertaining to the reproductive system. The histopathological report (see Table 1) states that treatment with Speman® dose-dependently decreased the mean lesion score of testes, prostate, epdidymis, and seminal vesicles. Keywords: dose; effect; male; oligospermia; rats; speman; weight

• Sequence Alterations of I(Ks) Potassium Channel Genes in Kazakhstani Patients with Atrial Fibrillation by Akilzhanova, Ainur; Rakhimova, Saule; Abilova, Zhannur; Nuralinov, Omirbek; Rashbayeva, Gulzhaina; Abdrakhmanov, Ayan; Bekbosynova, Mahabbat (2014) - Further screening of mutations in other genes encoding cardiac ion channels is needed to clarify possible disease causing and founder mutations in Kazakhstani atrial fibrillation patients. Of these, altered sequence variants in the KCNQ1 gene accounted for 14.5% of the mutations, whereas a KCNE1 mutation accounted for 43.5% of the mutations and KCNE2 mutation accounted for 1.4% of the mutations. Keywords: mutations; university

• Proximity Utilizing Biotinylation of Nuclear Proteins in vivo by Kulyyassov, Arman; Zhubanova, Gulsamal; Ramanculov, Erlan; Ogryzko, Vasily (2015) - It has been estimated that over 80% of proteins do not operate alone, but in complexes. Here, A and B are the next nuclear proteins used in the experiments – 3 paralogues of heterochromatin protein HP1 (CBX5), HP1 (CBX1), HP1 (CBX3), wild type and transcription mutant factor Kap1, translesion DNA polymerase PolH and E3, ubiquitin ligase RAD18, Proliferative Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA), ubiquitin Ub, SUMO-2/3, different types and isoforms of histones H2A, H2Az, H3.1, H3.3, CenpA, H2A.BBD, and macroH2A. The variant of this approach is termed PUB-NChIP (Proximity Utilizing Biotinylation with Native Chromatin Immuno-precipitation) and is designed to purify and study the protein composition of chromatin in proximity to the nuclear protein of interest. Keywords: interactions; protein; proximity
• In vivo Biotinylation Based Method for the Study of Protein-Protein Proximity in Eukaryotic Cells by Kulyyassov, Arman; Ramanculov, Erlan; Ogryzko, Vasily (2014) - This application should be particularly useful for studying multistep intracellular processes, where the proximities between proteins and protein properties typically changed in a sequential manner. Specifically, in proteomics, this implies that the detection of protein-protein proximity is a more general task than gaining information about physical interactions between proteins, as it could detail aspects of spatial order in vivo that are challenging to reconstitute in binding experiments in vitro. Keywords: protein; university

• ABO Blood Group Genotyping by Real-time PCR in Kazakh Population by Tarlykov, Pavel; Raiymbek, Daniyar; Zholdybayeva, Elena; Ramanculov, Erlan (2014) - The assay did not take into account several other mutations that may affect the determination of blood group, because they have a low occurrence rate and therefore have not been found in the population sample. The phenotypes of the samples included blood group A (n = 99), B (n = 93), O (n = 132), and AB (n = 45). Keywords: blood; pcr

• The State of Cardiovascular Disease in the Kyrgyz Republic by Kydyralieva, Ryskul B. (2013) - It is especially alarming that CVD death rates are increasing among young and able-bodied people.1,2 From 1991 to 2010, CVD mortality increased by 40.5% and 18.1 % in age categories 30-39 and 40-59, respectively. Taking into account the data outlined above, combating CVD in the Kyrgyz Republic is one of the key directions and priorities of national programs to reform public health. Keywords: cvd; kyrgyz; republic

• Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms in Susceptibility to Tuberculosis in the Kazakh Population in Almaty and Almaty Area by Zhabagin, Maxat; Abilova, Zhannur; Askapuli, Ayken; Rakhimova, Saule; Kairov, Ulykbek; Berikkhanova, Kulzhan; Terlikbayeva, Assel; Darisheva, Meruert; Alenova, Arike; Akilzhanova, Ainur (2014) - Keywords: vitamin D receptors, immune response, tuberculosis, gene polymorphism, Kazakhstan http://www.library.pitt.edu/ http://www.pitt.edu/ http://www.library.pitt.edu/articles/digpubtype/index.html http://www.upress.pitt.edu/upressIndex.aspx The relation between VDR gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to TB has been studied in different populations. Keywords: almaty; university
• Application of Clinical Aging Indicators for the Assessment of Neurological Health via Screening Among Residents of the Almaty Region by Nurguzhayev, Erkin; Iliyev, Renat; Mitrokhin, Dmitriy; Karimova, Altynay (2014) - We conducted medical examination (screening) among 150 elderly persons in Almaty City Polyclinic #8 and 287 elderly persons in Central Regional Clinic of Rayimbek Area, Almaty region aged 45 and above. The changes are more expressed among residents of Almaty region. Keywords: almaty; university

• Influence of Probiotic Consortium on TH1 and TH2 Immune Response by Shakhabayeva, Gulnara; Kushugulova, Almagul; Saduakhasova, Saule; Kozhakhmetov, Samat; Khasenbekova, Zhanagul; Tynybayeva, Indira; Nurgozhin, Talgat; Zhumadilov, Zhaxybay (2014) - The conducted studies determined that the ratio of INF-γ/IL-4 was 0.9 (control 4.8, P < 0.005) after the saturation of the blood cells with probiotic consortium. It is known that the intracellular expression of γ-INF and IL-4 is the most reliable marker for Th1 and Th2 immune responses, respectively. Keywords: consortium; university

• Oligomeric Amyloid-? Peptide on Sialylic Lewisx–Selectin Bonding at Cerebral Endothelial Surface by Askarova, Sholpan; Sun, Grace Y.; Meininger, Gerald A.; Lee, James (2014) - Consistent with our QIM results, AFM data showed that Aβ42 increased the probability of cell adhesion with sLex- coated cantilever and cell stiffness. Methods: Because of recent advances in the biological applications of atomic force microscopy (AFM), we applied AFM with cantilever tips bio-functionalized by sLex in combination with the advanced immunofluorescent microscopy (QIM) to study the direct effects of Aβ42 oligomers on the selectins expression, actin polymerization, and cellular mechanical and adhesion properties in cerebral endothelial cells (mouse bEnd3 line and primary human CECs) and find a possible way to attenuate these effects. Keywords: effects; university

• Pre-clinical Evaluation of an Adult Extracoproreal Carbon Dioxide Removal System for Pediatric Application by Mussin, Yerbol; Jeffries, Richard; Bulanin, Denis; Zhumadilov, Zhaksybay; Olzhayev, Farkhad; Federspiel, William (2014) - The Hemolung is a highly simplified adult ECCO2R system intended for partial respiratory support in adult patients with acute hypercapnic respiratory failure. The study outcomes suggest the potential use of the Hemolung RAS in a veno-venous pediatric configuration to safely provide respiratory support utilizing a significantly less complex system than traditional pediatric ECMO. Keywords: support; university

• Fetal Nerve Cell Transplantation in Early Post-Resuscitation Period in Rats by Tazhibayeva, Damira; Olzhayev, Farkhad; Kadbudalieva, Natalya; Aitbayeva, Zhaina; Zaripova, Lina (2015) - The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of fetal nerve cell transplantation in rat survivors (and non-survivors) after clinical death by mechanical asphyxia. After fetal nerve cell transplantation, the enzymatic reactions in the experimental group became normal with a significant decrease in LDH and an increase in CPK levels compared to the control group. Keywords: cell; university

• Ectopic Liver Tissue Formation in Rats with Induced Liver Fibrosis by Umbayev, Bauyrzhan; Tsoy, Andrey; Shalakhmetova, Tamara; Askarova, Sholpan (2014) - Keywords: ectopic liver tissue, chronic liver fibrosis, transplantation http://www.library.pitt.edu/ http://www.pitt.edu/ http://www.library.pitt.edu/articles/digpubtype/index.html http://www.upress.pitt.edu/upressIndex.aspx Abstract Introduction: The possible alternative approach to whole-organ transplantation is a cell-based therapy, which can also be used as a bridge to liver transplantation. Keywords: liver; university

• The HUPO Human Proteome Project (HPP), a Global Health Research Collaboration by Omenn, Gilbert S. (2012) - Deliverables The Human Proteome Project will generate (a) structured information about human proteins (the protein parts list), including both the approximately 13,000 gene products for which some protein information is already known and the 7000 proteins for which there is no evidence yet at the protein level; and (b) reagents and tools for additional protein studies. Keywords: Human Proteome Project, proteome Introduction As described at BioVision 2012 at the Bibliotheca Alexandrina in Alexandria, Egypt, in April 2012, the Human Genome Project has dramatically increased knowledge of inherited diseases and the genetic contribution to all kinds of complex diseases.1 The biological and now clinical progress in genomics made feasible remarkable advances in technologies for sequencing and synthesizing nucleic acids and proteins and for manipulating genes and regulation of gene expression. Keywords: genes; hpp; human; project; proteins; proteome

• Interval Hysterectomy for Placenta Percreta – a Case Report by Huque, Mohammad Sazzadul; Ravi, Mini (2019) - According to American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, widely acknowledged method to manage placenta accreta spectrum is by performing cesarean hysterectomy, in which the placenta is left in situ after delivery of the fetus because any attempts to remove the placenta is associated with substantial danger of hemorrhage.6. Another method of management that can be considered for placenta percreta is interval hysterectomy. In two cases of placenta percreta without invasion of bladder, cesarean hysterectomy was done. Keywords: case; hysterectomy; interval; journal; percreta; placenta; post; university

• Erratum to: A Systematic Review of the Effects of Aromatherapy with Lavender Essential Oil on Depression by Linkov, Faina (2020) - A Systematic Review of the Effects of Aromatherapy with Lavender Essential Oil on Depression.docx New articles in this journal are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 United States License. Erratum to: A Systematic Review of the Effects of Aromatherapy with Lavender Essential Oil on Depression The editors of the Central Asian Journal of Global Health regretfully published the article “A Systematic Review of the Effects of Aromatherapy with Lavender Essential Oil on Depression” with a misspelled word in the title. Keywords: aromatherapy

• Estrogen Receptor Gene (ESR1) PVUII and XBAI Polymorphisms and Bone Mineral Density in Kazakh Women by Akilzhanova, Ainur; Abilova, Zhannur; Aitkulova, Akbota; Zhumatova, Zaida; Akilzhanova, Gulbanu; Zholdybayeva, Elena; Momynaliev, Kuvat (2014) - Conclusion: The PvuII polymorphism had a weak association with lumbar spine BMD. XbaI polymorphism was unlikely to be a predictor of lumbar spine BMD in Kazakh women. Keywords: bmd; university

• Biopharmaceutical characteristics of autologous red blood cells ghosts containing cytokines and antibiotics by Zhumadilov, Zhaxybay; Berikkhanova, Kulzhan; Shulgau, Zarina; Gulyayev, Alexander; Bokebayev, Zanybek; Mussin, Nadiyar; Nurgozhin, Talgat (2014) - Biopharmaceutical characteristics of autologous red blood cells ghosts containing cytokines and antibiotics New articles in this journal are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 United States License. Abstract Introduction: Transport systems based on autologous red blood cells for targeted drug delivery can be considered as a promising approach in the treatment of surgical infections. Keywords: ghosts; university

• Biochemical Characterization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA Repair Enzymes – Nfo, XthA and Nei2 by Abeldenov, Sailau; Saparbayev, Murat; Khassenov, Bekbolat (2014) - Conclusion: Results of the ongoing study will help us define the role of DNA repair enzymes in the emergence of mutations in the mycobacterial genome and, possibly, the origins of multi-drug resistance in mycobacteria. We used standard methods of genetic engineering to clone and sequence Mtb genes, which coded Nfo, XthA and Nei2 repair enzymes. Keywords: dna; repair; university

• Effect of Probiotic Consortium on the Local Inflammatory Process in Chronic Periodontitis by Khasenbekova, Zhanagul; Saduakhasova, Saule; Gulayev, Alexandr; Kushugulova, Almagul; Kozhakhmetov, Samat; Shakhabayeva, Gulnara; Tynybayeva, Indira; Nurgozhin, Talgat; Zhumadilov, Zhaxybay (2014) - The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of gelatin-based probiotic consortium on the local and general factors of inflammation in rats with chronic periodontitis. Keywords: probiotics, chronic periodontitis, lactobacilli http://www.library.pitt.edu/ http://www.pitt.edu/ http://www.library.pitt.edu/articles/digpubtype/index.html http://www.upress.pitt.edu/upressIndex.aspx Keywords: periodontitis; university

• Study of the erythropoiesis activity of nano-encapsulated forms of erythropoietin by Khasenbekova, Zhanagul; Gulayev, Alexandr; Nechayeva, Elena; Nurgozhin, Talgat; Zhumadilov, Zhaxybay (2014) - The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of new nano-encapsulated forms of recombinant human erythropoietin for oral use on the erythropoiesis in the cyclophosphamide immunosuppression model. On the 10th day, the highest activity was observed in the samples of erythropoietin substance with pectin at 0.05% and 0.005% concentrations. Keywords: erythropoietin; university

• Randomized Clinical Trial: Efficacy of a New Synbiotic in Adults with Metabolic Syndrome by Kushugulova, Almagul; Benberin, Valerii; Karabayeva, Raushan; Saduakhasova, Saule; Kozhakhmetov, Samat; Shakhabayeva, Gulnara; Tynybayeva, Indira; Nurgozhin, Talgat; Zhumadilov, Zhaxybay (2014) - Conclusion: This ongoing study is currently undergoing microbial composition analysis in order to establish the efficacy of the new synbiotic in adults with metabolic syndrome. Human gut microbiota plays a key role in the development of metabolic syndrome. Keywords: metabolic; synbiotic

• Immunocytochemical Characterization of Alzheimer’s Disease Hallmarks in APP/PS1 Transgenic Mice Treated with a New Anti-Amyloid-β Vaccine by Carrera, Ivan; Etcheverria, Ignacio; Li, Yi; Fernandez-Novoa, Lucia; Lombardi, Valter; Vigo, Carmen; Palacios, Hector H.; Benberin, Valery V.; Cacabelos, Ramon; Aliev, Gjumrakch (2014) - Material and methods: In this novel vaccine, a new approach has been taken to circumvent past failures with A𝛽 vaccines by judiciously selecting an adjuvant consisting of a physiological matrix embedded in liposomes, composed of naturally occurring phospholipids (phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, and cholesterol). This study aimed to characterize immunocytochemical patterns of the AD mouse brain, which is treated with the EB101 vaccine, as a model for human AD. Keywords: university; vaccine

• Transplantation of Cultivated Fibroblasts on a Backing of Xenogenic Tissue in the Treatment of Wounds by Abugaliyev, Kabylbek; Vyacheslav, Ogay; Gaziza, Danlybayeva; Karzhauov, Miras; Zhansaya, Akhmadeyeva; Zhaikenov, Anuar (2014) - Trophic ulcers are a common health problem, and there are numerous treatment methods. Transplantation of cultured embryonic fibroblasts on a backing of xenogenic tissue was used in the complex treatment of trophic ulcers for stimulation of regenerative processes. Keywords: fibroblasts; university

• The Investigations of Nitric Oxide Influence on Lifespan of Fruit Fly D. melanogaster Transgenic Strain dNOS4 by Begmanova, Mamura; Mit, Nata; Amirgaliyeva, Anara; Tolebayeva, A.; Djansugurova, Leyla (2014) - In controls, the average lifespan of Oregon R flies was 54 days (58 days for females and 50 days for males), and the maximum lifespan was 94 days. The difference between average lifespan in all studied groups is statistically significant (p < 0.05). Keywords: days; lifespan

• Clinical Experience with Chitosan Matrix and Cultured Fibroblasts for Burns by Danlybayeva, Gaziza; Zhylkibayev, Assylbek; Akhmadeyeva, Zhansaya; Belan, Elena; Ramazanov, Zhanatay (2014) - During autodermoplasty surgery, cultured allogeneic fibroblasts were applied on granulating wounds of 9 patients with IIIA to IVB degree burns and limited donor resources. The results from an in vitro culture study showed that human allogeneic fibroblasts could adhere well and grow on the selected scaffold with a typical morphology. Keywords: burns; university

• Application of Cellular Technologies to the Experimental Treatment of Destructive Inflammatory Arthropathies by Kaulambayeva, Marzhan; Fedotovskikh, Galina; Nurmukhambetova, Anara (2014) - The treatment of destructive inflammatory joint diseases (arthropathies) is one of the issues of current interest in modern medicine. The goal of this study is to determine the efficacy of bone marrow-derived mononuclear cell fraction (MNC) and multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MMSC) in the treatment of destructive inflammatory joint diseases. Keywords: joint; university

• Antimutagenic Properties of Biologically Active Substances of Microalgae Associates by Kolumbayeva, Saule; Dzhokebayeva, Saule; Begimbetova, Dinara; Lovinskaya, Anna (2014) - Antimutagenic Properties of Biologically Active Substances of Microalgae Associates Saule Kolumbayeva1, Saule Dzhokebayeva2, Dinara Begimbetova3, Anna Lovinskaya2 1Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan; 2Ecology Institute, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan; 3Center for Life Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan Vol. 3, Suppl. The range of induced chromosomal aberrations included alterations of all types both in control and experimental groups. Keywords: bap; university

• The Results of Fetal Chondrocytes Transplantation in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis by Krivoruchko, Natalya; Tuganbekova, Saltanat; Rakhimbekova, Gulnar; Kuzembaeva, Karlygash; Zaripova, Lina (2014) - Application of fetal chondrocytes therapy had the desired clinical effect, which was confirmed by reduction of the RA activity and decrease of cartilage and bone destruction. We did not observe any complications of fetal chondrocytes transplantation. Keywords: chondrocytes; university

• New Approaches to Treatment of Severe Intrauterine Growth Restriction by Kurmangali, Zhanar (2014) - Fetal status was assessed using ultrasound equipment Accuvix V20 (Medison, South Korea) by examining indicators of biometry and Doppler study of blood flow in utero, umbilical arteries, middle cerebral artery, and ductus venosus with fetal vascular resistance index calculation - pulsatility index (PI). Thus, injection of nutrients to the fetuses through intravascular port-system improved placental perfusion and metabolism, which has the potential for improved fetal growth. Keywords: growth; university

• Heart and Lungs Protection Technique for Cardiac Surgery with Cardiopulmonary Bypass by Pichugin, Vladimir; Melnikov, Nikolay; Olzhayev, Farkhad; Medvedev, Alexander; Jourko, Sergey; Gamzaev, Alishir; Chiginev, Vladimir (2014) - Keywords: constant coronary perfusion, pulmonary artery perfusion, cardiopulmonary bypass http://www.library.pitt.edu/ http://www.pitt.edu/ http://www.library.pitt.edu/articles/digpubtype/index.html http://www.upress.pitt.edu/upressIndex.aspx In the third group (28 patients), the CCP with PAP and lung ventilation techniques were used. Keywords: surgery; university

• Therapeutic Potential of Noble Nanoparticles for Wound Repair by Saliyev, Timur; Kulsharova, Gulsim; Akhmetova, Alma; Nurgozhin, Talgat; Mikhalovsky, Sergey (2014) - The synthesis of gold nanoparticles was conducted by using the Turkevich method. It must be noted that the shape of noble nanoparticles might play a crucial role in the manifestation of their anti-microbial properties. Keywords: nanoparticles; university

• Polyphenol Concentrate from Kazakhstan Cabernet Sauvignon Collection of Grapes by Shulgau, Zarina; Tritek, Vladislav; Gulyaev, Alexander; Adilgozhina, Gulsim; Nurgozhin, Talgat (2014) - In our research, we proposed the development of the therapeutic product from Cabernet Sauvignon grapes that would exhibit the beneficial properties of polyphenols. Standard operating procedures were developed in our laboratories to collect alcohol free concentrate of polyphenols from the Kazakhstan Cabernet Sauvignon collection of grapes. Keywords: concentrate; polyphenol

• Pharmacokinetic Properties of Cytokines in Their Targeted Delivery Based on Autologous Erythrocyte Pharmacocytes by Zhumadilov, Zhaxybay; Berikkhanova, Kulzhan; Gulyayev, Alexander; Shulgau, Zarina; Ibrasheva, Dilbar; Bokebaev, Zhanybek; Mussin, Nadiar; Nurgozhin, Talgat (2014) - Thus, in this study, we aimed to analyze pharmacokinetic profiles of IL-1β encapsulated into erythrocytes’ ghosts (pharmacocytes) in comparison to intravenously injected free IL-1β. Group A (control) received 500 µg of free IL-1β, and group B received an injection of 1 ml of pharmacocytes loaded with 500 µg of test substance. Keywords: il-1β; university

• Fructose Consumption among Students at The University of Guanajuato by Terán, Rosa Dejanira Medina; Emiliano, Joel Ramírez; Lemus, Hilda Lissette López (2019) - The aim of this study was to determine the amount of fructose consumption among college students enrolled at the Unviersity of Guanajuato in Mexico (Celaya-Salvatierra Campus). Fructose Consumption among Students at The University of Guanajuato Rosa Dejanira Medina Terán1, Joel Ramírez Emiliano2, Hilda Lissette López Lemus1* 1Department of Nursing and Obstetrics, Celaya-Salvatierra Campus, University of Guanajuato, Mexico; 2Department of Medical Sciences, León Campus, University of Guanajuato, Mexico *e-mail: h.lopez@ugto.mx Vol. 8, Suppl. Keywords: fructose; university

• Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus from Oxcutzcab, Yucatán by Lara, Andrea Muñoz; Vega, Jorge García; Patiño, Juan Pablo Moncada; Tovar, Alma Rosa; Aguilar, Patricia Isolina del Socorro Gómez (2019) - Abstract Introduction: The complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), such as chronic kidney disease (CKD), are the second leading cause of death in Oxcutzcab municipality of Yacatan, Mexico. Keywords: Glomerular filtration rate; Chronic kidney disease; Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Glomerular filtration rate http://www.library.pitt.edu/ http://www.pitt.edu/ http://www.library.pitt.edu/articles/digpubtype/index.html http://www.upress.pitt.edu/upressIndex.aspx Abstract Keywords: Glomerular filtration rate; Chronic kidney disease; Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Glomerular filtration rate Keywords: kidney; years

• Adolescent abortions: Situational analysis based on official statistics conducted in Kazakhstan during the last 5 years (2007-2011) by Alimbayeva, Gulya Nazarovna; Chimbayeva, Gulzhan Narimbayevna (2013) - Figure 1: Dynamic changes of the specific weight of adolescent abortions compared to total amount of abortions during the period 2007-2011 Figure 2 illustrates a decreasing trend in the specific number of first pregnancy abortions among adolescents ages 15-18, from 51.3% to 35.8%. Adolescent abortions: Situational analysis based on official statistics conducted in Kazakhstan during the last 5 years (2007-2011) Keywords: abortions; health; university

• Keeping Up with the Times by Burambayeva, Valentina (2012) - In September 2011 and April 2012, the Ministry of Healthcare of the Republic of Kazakhstan within the framework of the World Bank project, component F (“Food Safety Program and World Trade Organization accession”), arranged international workshops aimed to train quality managers to meet international requirements and standards. Additionally, the goal of this paper is to provide information about international accreditation and quality control activities of the centers. Keywords: accreditation; center

• Frequency of NAT2 and GSTP1 polymorphisms in the Kazakh population by Iskakova, Aisha; Romanova, Aliya; Zholdybayeva, Elena; Ramanculov, Erlan; Momynaliev, Kuvat (2014) - The differences between Kazakh population (0.27) and other populations selected were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Keywords: NAT genes, GSTP genes, genetic polymorphism, Kazakh population http://www.library.pitt.edu/ http://www.pitt.edu/ http://www.library.pitt.edu/articles/digpubtype/index.html http://www.upress.pitt.edu/upressIndex.aspx Keywords: frequency; gstp1

• Erythrocytes as Carriers for Drugs and Contrast Agents by Magnani, Mauro (2014) - EryDel S.p.A. has recently completed trials to bring EryDex treatment to the market and to implement the clinical applications of the RBC technology. In addition to these common uses, RBC are being used for a variety of new applications either as therapeutics or as diagnostics. Keywords: rbc; university

• Peptidoglycan Hydrolases of Local Lactic Acid Bacteria from Kazakh Traditional Food by Shaikhin, Serik; Moldagulova, Asel; Kazhybayev, Abzal; Kairova, Markhabat; Lee, Constantine; Urazova, Maira; Almagambetov, Kairtai (2014) - They used the standard technique of renaturating polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to detect PG hydrolases activity. According to the profiles of PG hydrolase activity on zymograms, the enzymes of Lactococci 17A and 19A in kazy are similar in electrophoretic mobility to major autolysin AcmA, while the lactobacilli of industrial and home-made dairy products have enzymes similar to extracellular proteins p40 and p75, which have probiotic activity. Keywords: hydrolases; university

• Intra-articular injection of synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells and hyaluronic acid promote regeneration of massive cartilage defects in rabbits by Ogay, Vyacheslav; Karzhauov, Miras; Mukhambetova, Ainur; Raimagambetov, Eric; Batpenov, Nurlan (2014) - Histological studies revealed that cartilage defect was covered by a thin layer of spindle-shaped undifferentiated cells and proliferated chodroblasts. At 30 days, macroscopic observation showed that the size of cartilage defect after SD MSC injection was significantly smaller than after HA injection. Keywords: cartilage; defect

Epilogue

For more detail, about this study carrel, see the computed home page. For more detail about study carrels in general, see the read me file.

Created: 2025-12-23