CHEMICAL ENGINEERING TRANSACTIONS
VOL. 62, 2017
A publication of
The Italian Association
of Chemical Engineering
Online at www.aidic.it/cet
Guest Editors: Fei Song, Haibo Wang, Fang He
Copyright © 2017, AIDIC Servizi S.r.l.
ISBN 978-88-95608- 60-0; ISSN 2283-9216
Research on Logistics Solutions for Dangerous Chemical
Products
Chengwu Zheng
Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing 408100, China
cwzheng@126.com
The objective of this paper is to design and realize the logistic monitoring system for dangerous chemical
products. As for problems of robbery accidents and leakage accidents during the transportation process of
dangerous chemical products, the identification and tracking technology on moving objects in the real-time
video stream transmission and video sequence are the main research objects; and the specific discussion and
research on the video monitoring technology in the logistic monitor system of dangerous chemical products is
carried out based on the research on theory principle and technology realization of existing video technology.
The real-time transmission of video stream is achieved by collecting the video of YUV4:2:2 form, video coding
& compression of H264 form and using RTP protocol, so that the identification and tracking on moving objects
in the video sequence can be achieved. The experiment result indicates that the logistic monitoring system for
dangerous chemical products designed in this paper can be effectively applied to identify the moving objects.
Therefore, the logistic monitoring system for dangerous chemical products can be used to improve the stability
and effectiveness of the transportation of dangerous chemical products.
1. Introduction
The weight of dangerous chemical products in road transportation in China is hundreds of millions of tons,
which takes more than 30% in the volume of freight traffic (Dey, 2017). A city is located in the intersection of
coastal economic development zone and Yangtze river economic development zone, which is the distributing
centre for important liquid chemical products; more than 30 discharging quays for dangerous liquid-type
chemical products are set up in this city (Memon et al., 2017), which has become the largest port city for the
transportation of dangerous chemical products, and also the most important discharging centre for dangerous
liquid-type chemical products in China (Paes et al., 2017). With the rapid economic development in China, the
traffic volume of dangerous liquid-type chemical products is increased, and the variety is rich; vehicles and
industry staff for the transportation of dangerous chemical products are also increased continuously
(Proskurnikov, 2017). However, with the increasing volume of chemical products traffic, the entire quality of
staff working in the industry of transportation of dangerous liquid-type chemical products is still increased
slowly, and transportation accidents of liquid-type chemical products is subject to the occurrent frequency
getting higher year-by-year; the accident damage degree is getting deeper and deeper, which endangers the
production and living of the society, and also affects the life, property and succory greatly(Rato et al., 2017). If
the dynamic supervision system is insufficient in the transportation of dangerous liquid-type chemical products,
very serious consequence may be caused in case of accidents (Thekkudan et al., 2017). In order to solve the
frequent robbery accidents of vehicle-mounted dangerous liquid-type chemical products, the project bidding is
proposed by the government of a city (Wang et al., 2017).
2. Domestic and foreign research status
There are two types of video monitor technology products in the domestic and foreign markets (Wu et al.,
2017). One of which is the video monitor system using analog circuit technology, and the other one is the
video monitoring using digital circuit technology (Wu et al., 2017). The digital monitoring technology is
developed on the basis of analog-video monitoring technology, which requires the continuous improvement
DOI: 10.3303/CET1762257
Please cite this article as: Chengwu Zheng, 2017, Research on logistics solutions for dangerous chemical products, Chemical Engineering
Transactions, 62, 1537-1542 DOI:10.3303/CET1762257
1537
and perfection (Yuan, 2017). The popularization of digital video monitor system is the trend of future
development based on current trend, which is of important practical significance.
The digital video monitor system is usually divided into two types: the first type is the traditional computer-
multimedia working mode (Geng et al., 2016). The other type is the digital video-monitor system based on
embedded technology. The rapid development of embedded technology is the strong technical support for the
popularization of embedded-type digital video-monitor system (Park, 2016). The V4L2 programming
specification is used in the video collection. As the Linux is the operation system for logistic monitor system of
dangerous chemical products, the interface provided by the Linux operation system to the application vising
the video driver is V4L2. (Sironi et al., 2016) The video capture interface is usually used in the video monitor
system, and the monitor video is collected through V4L2. The flow of V4L2 is: open the camera; check and set
up the property of the camera; set up the frame form of the video collected; set up the input and output
methods; obtain the video data circularly; turn off the camera (Stoyanov et al., 2016). In case the video
collection is completed, the original video should be subject to coding and compression so as to improve the
utilization rate of communication bandwidth and storage space. H.264 is a standard of digital video co ding. It
is established on the basis of MPEG-4, and the coding and decoding flow consists of five parts (Zeng et al.,
2016).
After the video is collected, coded and compressed by the monitoring system, in case the video is to be
transmitted or stored, the UDP or RTP protocol is usually used for transmission. The video can be watched in
real time by the observer when it is transmitted with RTP protocol, and the RTP protocol is used in many
famous Internet video websites (Youku, Tudou and You Tube) for video transmission (Chithambaranadhan et
al., 2015). Many objects may occur in the same scene in the real world, and such objects are independent to
each other, which should be processed separately, and may be interest in one or more types of things in one
scene. The detection of moving objects is implemented in the sequence image by combining the moving
objects, and the methods of which mainly includes the statistic model, optical field flow and image difference
image (Naeem et al., 2015). The optical flow field is of important value in fields such as object identification
and object segmentation etc (Li et al., 2014).
3. Dangerous chemical products and their transportation
According Article 3 of the newly-revised Safety Management Rules on Dangerous Chemical Products,
dangerous chemical products (hereinafter after referred to as “DCP”) means the highly toxic chemicals and
other chemicals with the toxic, corrosive, explosive, combustion and comburent properties etc. and which are
harmful to human body, facilities and environment; which requires special protection. It may be considered as
the DCP when three features mentioned above are equipped (Silva et al., 2011). According to the national
standard of the People’s Republic of China of 2010 – Classification and Marking of Dangerous Chemicals
Commonly Used, the DCP is divided into three types in China based on the dangerousness: physical and
chemical danger, health danger and environment danger.
Self-operated logistics transportation: all logistics businesses of this mode rely on their own logistic system to
complete the transportation of DCP (Ranky, 2007), and the main economic source of these enterprises is not
logistics.
Outsourcing logistic transportation: generally speaking, enterprise always only focus on their own core
business; and in order to enhance their core competitiveness, business related the logistics of enterprises is
always contracted by the third party-logistic enterprise. See the outsourcing logistic transportation pattern in
Figure 1.
Figure 1: Relevant Patterns of Outsourcing Logistic Transportation
Transportation of common distribution: or it can also be sharing logistic transportation of the third party; it is of
large difference to the coordinated distribution transportation, generally speaking, goods or products (most of
which are of the same type) of many owners are collected together so as to be distributed and transported by
the same third-party logistic enterprise, by which the vehicle resource can be saved and the transportation
efficiency can be improved.
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Mixed-type logistic transportation: this logistic pattern is the integration of advantages in outsourcing
transportation pattern and self-operation pattern so as to achieve mutually reinforcing and organic combination.
4. Entire structure design of the software and software module division
The structure of the logistic monitor system of dangerous chemical products is divided into five layers, and
necessary service is provided by each layer to the last layer. The lowest layer is the embedded hardware
platform based on ARM11 processor, and the hardware design and manufacture is outsourced by OEM
manufacturers so as to save the limited time and project fund; the hardware actually used in the project
includes the USB camera, 3G module and liquid sensor based on RS232 interface etc. are obtained by
purchasing. See the hierarchical structure division diagram of logistic monitoring system of dangerous
chemical products in Figure 2.
Figure 2: Hierarchical Structure Division Diagram of Logistic Monitoring System of Dangerous Chemical
Products
The hardware driven layer is above the hardware layer, and the function of which is to make various hardware
available for the operation system and to make the selected operation system equipped with basic drivers,
such as the USB camera driver, 3G module driver etc. The existence of basic hardware driver in the operation
system is the first indicator, and the read-write of RS232 interface should be completed by writing the standard
serial communication programming.
The application-layer software is divided into submodules based on demand analysis. The logistic monitoring
system of DCP consists of seven submodules, and the conclusion is obtained based on Party A’s demand
analysis. See the software module division of DCP logistic monitor system in Figure 3.
The hierarchy can be implemented to the DCP logistic monitoring system again after the submodule division is
defined. The video collection module is the basis for the operation of application software; the local storage
and video flow transmission is implemented after the video is coded and compressed, and the playing of real-
time video floe as well as the identification and tracking of moving objects are the function presented to users
directly. The layer of DCP logistic monitoring system will be divided again in the application software. See the
module hierarchy of DCP logistic monitoring system in Figure 4.
Figure 3: Software Module Division of DCP Logistic Monitor System
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Figure 4: Module Hierarchy of DCP Logistic Monitoring System
The identification and tracking modules of moving objects are corresponding to the identification and tracking
type of moving objects, and the main function of such type is to identify and track the moving objects in the
video sequence. The data members of such type must include the feature points under tracking as well as the
property of the tracking feature points. Member functions of such type must include basic functions such as
the function of detection feature points and function of tracking feature points. The identification and tracking
type of moving objects is subject to the use of member functions such as the video collection type, video
coding and compression type as well as video transmission type; therefore, the identification and tracking type
of moving objects relay on such types. See the dependency relationship between identification and tracking
types of moving objects in Figure 5.
Figure 5: Dependency Relationship between Identification and Tracking Types of Moving Objects
According to the division of DCP logistic monitoring system types and the analysis on dependency relationship,
the dependency relationship used in the system can be obtained. See the dependency relationship among
types in Figure 6.
The quality of video transmission is improved based on existing network bandwidth and network speed
foundation, and the key is to select the appropriate network transmission protocol. See the architectural
design figure of communication protocol in Figure 7.
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Figure 6: Dependency Relationship among Types
Figure 7: Architectural Design of Communication Protocol
5. Conclusion
The objective of this paper is to design and achieve one DCP logistic monitoring system. The video of
YUV4:2:2 form is collected in the system, and the video coding and compression is of H264 form; the RTP
protocol is used to achieve the transmission of real-time video flow so as to achieve the identification and
compression of moving objects in video sequence. Excess software and hardware resources are used in the
system operation, which is of high CPU usage rate. The thread of the system operation includes the video
collection and compression real-time playing of the video, video flow transmission as well as the identification
and tracking of moving objects; multiple threads are under the simultaneous operation, which requires a lot of
hardware resources, which is the defect of the system. The specific resolution of moving objects cannot be
achieved by the identification and tracking of moving objects effectively, only the moving objects can be
identified in the video sequence. The demand analysis instruction of DCP logistic monitoring system clearly
indicates that personnel around the oil tank truck must be identified, however, the current system can only be
used to identify the moving objects, but cannot distinguish that if the object is human being or a thing.
Acknowledgement
Project supported by the Scientific Research Institute of the yangtze normal number: 2017KYQD17.
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