









































June 2018 Volume  3 Issue 1

EXPANDING THE INDIANAPOLIS CULTURAL TRAIL:
A HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT

Lisa Yazel-Smith, MS, MCHES, CCRP; Andrew Merkley; Robin Danek, MPH; Cynthia L. Stone, DrPH, MSN

Abstract: 

Background: Health Impact Assessments (HIA) are used to measure the effect of policies and/or projects that 
influence the health of populations. As a way to increase HIA practitioners, university courses in HIA can benefit 
both students and community organizations by presenting real-world opportunities for students to conduct HIA 
while partnering with community organizations or policy makers.

Methods: As a course assessment, students in a graduate-level public health course conducted a rapid six step 
HIA of three potential expansion routes of the Indiana Cultural Trail (ICT). The six steps were 1) screening, 2) 
scoping, 3) assessment, 4) recommendations, 5) reporting, and 6) monitoring and evaluation. To complete 
the HIA, students examined local health data, conducted walkability assessments, and conducted seven key 
stakeholder interviews.  

Results: The analysis results show that the Riley Hospital Drive/Gateway Bridge (route 3) was the best potential 
route for expansion due to traffic safety considerations and the impact on residential parking in the adjacent 
Ransom Place neighborhood. In general, the key informants were in favor of the expansion, with the two 
most cited reasons being additional space for exercise and recreation and the potential economic impact and 
connection to local businesses in the area.

Conclusion: Through the course assessment, students determined the expansion across the proposed Gateway 
Bridge would combat parking issues associated with expanding the trail through Ransom Place as well as be the 
safest way for pedestrians and vehicle traffic to approach large intersections. The ICT trail expansion could lead 
to improved health outcomes by offering additional space for exercise, recreation, and active transportation.

33



Expanding the Indianapolis Cultural Trail: A Health Impact Assessment Yazel-Smith; Merkley; Danek; Stone

34

Introduction

Many populations in the United States face health 
disparities attributable to factors such as the 
environment, social inequality, socioeconomic status, 
and neighborhood attributes. For instance, lack of 
access to public services and healthy food options, as 
well as limited public transportation, can contribute to 
poor health outcomes (Ross, 2014). It is increasingly 
evident that the health of individuals and communities 
is largely shaped by the settings in which they live and 
work (Meyer, 2014; Robinette, 2017). In order to identify 
ways to alleviate and overcome health disparities in 
communities across the United States, communities 
need resources that will allow identification of the 
upstream root problems causing the disparities. One 
tool developed to guide this decision-making process 
is the Health Impact Assessment (HIA) (Pollack, 2014).

The National Research Council’s Committee on Health 
Impact Assessment states, “HIA is an approach to 
assessing the risk factors, disease, and equity issues 
that create poor health outcomes” (Committee on 
Health Impact Assessment, 2011). Fundamentally, 
HIA is a mechanism that organizations and legislative 
bodies can employ to examine current and future 
policy proposals, programs, and projects to ensure 
that they will produce the intended health benefits. 
It should be noted that HIAs are used more to study 
projects and proposals that were not intended to have 
a public health benefit, but that nonetheless impact 
health (Ross, 2014). 

As HIAs have become more common in the United 
States, university programs have developed courses 
that teach students about the reasoning and 
methodology behind HIAs.  Oftentimes, students have 
the  opportunity to apply the course content to analyze 
real-world programs in order to identify their potential 
health impacts. Frequently graduate programs are 
contacted by organizations to conduct HIAs for one 
of their projects or proposals before the organization 
begins work (Pollack, 2014). Students learning about 

HIAs can provide a cost-effective service to community 
organizations that are interested in learning more 
about the impact of a problem. However, there are 
limitations associated with students conducting HIA. 
This paper demonstrates one example of a graduate-
level course utilizing a real-world problem to learn 
about HIA, while offering results to a community 
partner.

Project Description

The Indianapolis Cultural Trail (ICT) consists of 
eight miles of urban bicycle and pedestrian trails in 
downtown Indianapolis, Indiana (Marion County). The 
trail connects neighborhoods and cultural districts 
within the downtown area to the larger greenway 
system of the greater Indianapolis area (Indianapolis 
Cultural Trail, Inc., 2017). Though the intent of the trail 
was to be a transit connector and act as a promoter 
for economic growth, previous assessments of the 
Cultural Trail show that exercise and recreation is 
a main reason why people use the trail (Indiana 
University Public Policy Institute, 2015). In order to 
continue serving residents and visitors of Indianapolis, 
ICT leaders plan to extend the trail northwest of 
downtown Indianapolis connecting it to Ransom Place, 
a residential neighborhood, and 16 Tech, a developing 
industrial park. During initial expansion planning, ICT 
wanted to examine three potential expansion routes 
that would connect Ransom Place and 16 Tech (Figure 
1) (Table 1). All three proposed routes are within the 
same zip code. 



Expanding the Indianapolis Cultural Trail: A Health Impact Assessment Yazel-Smith; Merkley; Danek; Stone

35

Figure 1.

1.    From the end of the trail at Indiana Avenue and St. Clair Street:  Utilize neighborhood 
streets  in the Ransom Place residential neighborhood to connect with 10th Street and 
cross the Indiana Avenue bridge in the direction of 16 Tech.

2. From the end of the trail at Indiana Avenue and St. Clair Street:  Follow Indiana Avenue 
west to 10th Street and cross the Indiana Avenue bridge in the direction of 16 Tech. 

3. From the intersection of Indiana Avenue and 10th Street: Follow 10th Street west to Riley 
Hospital Drive, cross 10th Street and head north into the developing river-front in the 
direction of 16 Tech (future Gateway Bridge).

Table 1: Three Potential Expansion Routes



Expanding the Indianapolis Cultural Trail: A Health Impact Assessment Yazel-Smith; Merkley; Danek; Stone

36

The three route options are in close proximity to each 
other and all involve the Ransom Place neighborhood, 
which is directly adjacent to the Indiana University- 
Purdue University Indianapolis campus, a large medical 
center, and several area businesses. The area is compact 
with a great deal of traffic, including emergency 
vehicles, which exit and enter the neighborhood 
streets and nearby interstate system. Pedestrian and 
bicycle traffic is common in the area with students, 
staff, and employees commuting to work or class. 

To examine the route options, ICT approached the 
Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health graduate-
level Health Impact Assessment course to conduct a 
rapid health impact assessment of three potential 
routes. ICT sought to identify the safest, most usable, 
and least restrictive path for their extension route 
choice. 

The HIA focused on the following questions:  

1. What is the current health status of the resident 
population in the neighborhood?

2.  Do neighborhood residents, employees, and 
visitors believe there is a better route among the 
three proposed routes? 

3. Would an extension of the trail be utilized by the 
residents, employees, and visitors to the area?  

4. Is one of the three options a better route when 
considering the health and safety impact of the 
residents, employees, and visitors of the area?

Methods

During the first week of the course, the ICT staff 
presented an overview of the ICT, the potential 
expansion routes, and the information they were 
interested in learning with the project. At that time, 
the class began examining the options for conducting 
a comprehensive HIA, including a standard HIA, which 
requires a substantial time commitment and primary 
data collection, and a rapid HIA, which uses already-
existing and available data and resources (Mindell, 
2003).  Due to the short turnaround time (approximately 
five weeks to conduct and complete the HIA) and 
nature of the project, the class decided that the rapid 
HIA would be appropriate to assess the suitability of 
the three proposed routes. Students divided into three 
groups, with each group examining one proposed route 
option.  Students followed a six-step rapid HIA process 
of screening, scoping, assessment, recommendations 
& reporting, and monitoring and evaluation (Ross, 
2014) (Table 2). 

In order to answer the key questions and complete the 
HIA, data were collected by three methods: 1) secondary 
data provided by the local health department and the 
CDC that detailed the basic demographic, chronic 
diseases, cause of death, and cause of hospitalization 
of the zip code, 2) students in the course conducted a 
walkability assessment of each potential route, and 3) 
conducting brief, iterative key stakeholder interviews 
that were guided by a standardized question list but 
not bound by those questions (Table 3). 



Expanding the Indianapolis Cultural Trail: A Health Impact Assessment Yazel-Smith; Merkley; Danek; Stone

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Table 2: Health Impact Assessment Steps

Screening Minimal screening was needed for this project as it was part of an assigned course. 
The ICT staff made an informative presentation to the class that outlined the need for 
the HIA. Students began to identify data sources and other resources to assist with 
the screening process.

Scoping With the limited time available to perform an HIA, students chose to focus on two 
issues affecting the health of residents and potential trail users, namely physical 
activity and safety. These were chosen due to the nature of the ICT being a center for 
physical activity. Additionally, safety is a concern for the area due to a large amount 
of traffic and pedestrians. 

1. Indianapolis continually ranks low in physical activity health-related outcomes 
on the American Fitness Index. Therefore, increasing access to physical activity 
options may lead to improve chronic disease health indicators of the affected 
population.  

2. Vehicle and pedestrian safety is a concern for many of those living in the area 
and should be considered when attracting bike and pedestrian traffic to an 
area. 

Assessment The assessment had three components:
1. The current health status of the area was assessed using existing quantitative 

data from the local health department and CDC. Cause of death and 
hospitalization data were pulled for the zip code.  This secondary data was 
prepared by an epidemiologist at the local public health department. 

2. Each student group conducted a walkability survey to help evaluate the existing 
walkways of the area. These assessments were done in order for students to 
understand the walkability of the existing walkways and a first-hand look at the 
potential routes. This helped students to better understand the routes.

3. Non-formal, face-to-face interviews were conducted with seven key 
stakeholders in order to gather information, thoughts, and feelings about the 
ICT expansion from those who may be greatly impacted by the expansion. 
The interviews were conducted with a sample of residents, students, and 
employees of the area. The interviews were brief, lasting approximately 15 
minutes each, and major ideas were documented in notes by the student(s). 
Students were prepared with a list of interview questions, however they 
interviews were iterative, allowing for the stakeholder to detail the important 
aspects of the ICT trail expansion in his or her own words.

Recommendations 
& Reporting

The HIA team developed an initial set of four main recommendations and four 
secondary recommendations for ICT. A final report was submitted to ICT. 

Monitoring &
Evaluation

Due to time constraints of the course, only recommendations for monitoring and 
evaluation could be made to ICT.



Expanding the Indianapolis Cultural Trail: A Health Impact Assessment Yazel-Smith; Merkley; Danek; Stone

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Table 3: Question Guide for Key Informant Interview Questions

Stakeholder Interview Questions Summary of Stakeholder Responses

1.    Do you currently use the sidewalks along 
Indiana Avenue between St. Claire Street and 
the bridge that crosses over Fall Creek into 16 
Tech?

For each section of the trail, most respondents stat-
ed that they were familiar with the sidewalks of the 
proposed routes.

2.    If yes, how frequently do you use the side-
walks?

The responses for frequency of use differed, but 
most use was due to small commutes several times a 
week.

3.    If yes, in what capacity do you use sidewalks? 
For pleasure? For transit to work? For exer-
cise?

Respondents currently use the sidewalks in the area 
during their work day to get to and from different 
locations, such as eating establishments.

4.    Do you use the Indianapolis Cultural Trail? Respondents stated that they had used the Cultural 
Trail.

5.    If yes, how frequently do you use the trail? The responses for frequency varied from a few times 
a week to a few times a year depending on proximity 
to the existing trail.

6.    If yes, in what capacity do you use the trail? 
For pleasure? For transit to work? For exer-
cise?

Respondents typically only used the existing portions 
of the trail on special occasions for pleasure, espe-
cially if the respondents did not live in the vicinity.

7.    How do you feel about extending the India-
napolis Cultural Trail along the proposed route 
(students explained route options)?

Respondents were positive about the proposed 
expansion and saw it as a means to increase foot 
traffic to area businesses as well as for feasibility 
in healthy transportation. Those living along route 
1 only opposed the routes extension through the 
Ransom Place neighborhood. Many respondents felt 
that extending the trail along route 3 would help to 
divert pedestrian traffic away from vehicular traffic 
at the intersection of Indiana Ave. and 10th St. Riley 
Hospital Drive was most the most popular choice.

8.    Would you use the trail more if more sections 
were added?

Respondents unanimously expressed their interest in 
more frequent use if the trail were extended.

9.    If yes, for pleasure? For transit? For exercise? Respondents would mostly use of the trail for plea-
sure and transit.

10.  What do you see as the advantages to extend-
ing the Indianapolis Cultural Trail along route 
specified earlier?

Most respondents commented on the increased 
economic advantages that the trail would provide, 
such as the potential for more restaurants, shops, 
and jobs.



Expanding the Indianapolis Cultural Trail: A Health Impact Assessment Yazel-Smith; Merkley; Danek; Stone

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11.  What do you see as disadvantages to extend-
ing the Indianapolis Cultural Trail along the 
routes?

Respondents commented on the potential cost the 
trail could incur for the build and other costs for 
related structural changes, such as road repairs for 
connected streets.

Results

Resident Demographics and Characteristics
The three potential routes fall within the 46202 zip code in Indianapolis, inside Marion County (Table 4). 

Variable n (%)

Total Population 16335

Median Age (years) 30.4

Sex

Female 7397 (45)

Male 8938 (55)

Race/Ethnicity

White 9043 (55)

Black 5802 (36)

Other/Don’t know/Refused 1490 (9)

Hispanic/Latino 605 (4)

Median Household Income (dollars) $32,186

Table 4: Demographics of the Population in the 46202 Zip Code (2010)

Note: (Marion County Public Health Department, 2017)



Expanding the Indianapolis Cultural Trail: A Health Impact Assessment Yazel-Smith; Merkley; Danek; Stone

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Public health data show that residents living in the 
46202 zip code fare better than the rest of the county 
with regard to hospitalizations and deaths from heart 
disease and stroke.  However, there is a higher rate of 
death from diabetes reported (26 per 100,000 vs 20 per 
100,000) (Marion County Public Health Department, 
2017). In 2017, the overall prevalence of diagnosed 
diabetes for Marion county, which houses the Indiana 
Cultural Trail expansion, was 10.2%, which is higher 
than the 9.2% prevalence rate of diabetes for Indiana 
(Center for Disease Control, 2017). Likewise, deaths 
due to hypertension were 239.6 per 100,000 people, 
which is significantly higher than the national average 
for 219.8 deaths per 100,000 (CDC, 2017). Additional 
local data shows that life expectancy of those residents 
in the geographic area is 69.4 years, which is 14 years 
lower than those living 28 miles north of the area 
(Weathers, 2015).

Walkability Assessment
Each group conducted a walkability survey (Health by 
Design, 2009) that consisted of five sections to assess 
quality of walkways, intersections and crosswalks, 
safety, and accessible amenities in the area. The main 
findings from the walkability surveys were: 1) portions 
of existing sidewalks were not in good repair due 
to cracks, uneven pavement, and disconnection to 
other pathways, 2) all three route options included 
existing major intersections that are challenging for 
pedestrians to use due to fast moving traffic from 
multiple directions, and 3) the proposed routes will all 
lead pedestrians to local amenities, such as residential 
areas, restaurants, and hospitals. The main finding 
resulting from the walkability assessments was the 
examination of the large intersections that feed vehicle 
and pedestrian traffic through the area. 

Key Stakeholder Interviews
Seven face-to-face key stakeholder interviews were 
conducted including two employees of local businesses 
who drive, walk, and work in the area; the president of 
the local Ransom Place neighborhood association who 
represents Ransom Place residents; a state senator 

who represents the local area; a local church leader 
located in the neighborhood; a patient who utilizes 
a local hospital and drives, parks, and walks in the 
hospital area; and a college student who lives in the 
neighborhood and attends the adjacent university. 
Stakeholders were chosen because they live, work, 
and/or are a community member of the local area that 
could be affected by the expansion. Additionally, they 
were chosen because of their quick accessibility, which 
was required due to the limited project timing.

Interviews were brief, lasting approximately 15 minutes 
each.  
A summary of the main findings of the key stakeholder 
interviews were as follows (see Table 3 for summary of 
interview responses):

1. All but one of the seven key stakeholders stated 
they were in favor of the ICT expansion project.  
The one who opposed the ICT expansion 
suggested that gentrification would be possible 
and that already existing parking issues in the 
area would be heightened. 

2. After an overview of the three potential routes 
during the interview, those in favor of the ICT 
expansion all agreed that the Riley Hospital Drive 
expansion route (future Gateway Bridge) would 
be the best route as long as it was safe to use. 

3. The economic benefits of connecting the area 
with 16 Tech could be beneficial to residents, 
employees, and businesses by driving more 
pedestrian traffic to local businesses. 

4. The new expansion would allow for additional 
walking/biking paths that can be used for 
transportation, exercise, and recreation.

 
Recommendations

After conducting the HIA steps, four key 
recommendations were proposed and four secondary 
recommendations proposed (detailed in discussion 
section) to the ICT.

1. After discussing the current options with the 



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41

engaged stakeholders, students determined that 
expanding the trail to use west 10th Street and 
the proposed Gateway Bridge (option 3) would 
provide the easiest connection and safest route 
for trail users. Likewise, the new proposed path 
would link other existing pedestrian and bicycle 
trails from the west, south, and north of the 
general area. This would avoid disrupting the 
Ransom Place neighborhood and any potential 
parking issue in the area that a new trail might 
cause. 

2. In order to monitor the expansion and use of 
the trail, ICT trail should conduct pedestrian and 
bicycle counts to track types of use, times of high 
and low usage, and whether or not the extension 
of the trail sees increased pedestrian use after the 
linkage with 16 Tech. Additionally, ICT should track 
trends in property development both along the 
Indiana Avenue corridor and in 16 Tech for use in 
future trail development. Increased employment 
opportunities, healthier eating establishments, 
grocery store, and other resource development 
should be documented should those entities be 
implemented. 

3. Indianapolis Cultural Trail Inc, should work in 
tandem with the Marion County Public Health 
Department to identify and compare health-
related data and automobile collision data within 
the 46202 zip code and immediate geographic 
area during and after the trail expansion. The 
Indianapolis Transit Authority should be consulted 
for data pertaining to changes in  mass transit use 
along the corridor as well as changes in frequency 
and timeliness of mass transit options. 

4. Finally, future HIA or evaluation courses should 
conduct an evaluation of the trail expansion 
during a future semester in order to monitor 
changes in health and the economy along the 
path as they look at implementing new long-term 
HIAs for other trail expansions. 

Discussion

Conditions that promote health in places where we 
live, work, and play can have an important impact on 
the health status of Americans. HIAs can assist decision 
makers with determining the best options that allow 
for the promotion of health of those impacted by 
the planned policy or project.  HIAs help to connect 
scientific data, public input, and health expertise to 
guide decisions (Pew Charitable Trusts, 2017). This 
rapid HIA was conducted in order to 1) provide students 
taking the graduate-level HIA course experience with 
conducting a real-world assessment, and 2)  produce 
recommendations for the ICT. 

The key stakeholder interviews allowed for in-person 
one-on-one conversations to happen with those 
most-likely impacted by the proposed trail expansion.  
Although the majority of those interviewed were in 
favor of the expansion, stakeholders stated that the trail 
could negatively impact the Ransom Place residential 
neighborhood. One interview participant suggested 
that the development may lead to gentrification.  With 
the potential to increase economic activity in this area 
of the city, it is critical to emphasize the importance 
of policies to promote mixed income housing to 
discourage immediate gentrification (Read, 2017).  
Other parts of the city with a current trailway saw 
vast gentrification, and the housing prices rose quickly 
leaving many low income residents without the ability 
to afford their homes. Because income and housing 
can be significant drivers of overall public health, 
researchers recommend that planners work with city 
officials to draft policies protecting current residents. 
To help overcome concerns of disconnectedness that 
the ICT expansion may have on local residents, one 
stakeholder suggested that the newly expanded trail 
include local artwork or historical markers by saying, 
“It would be great; I would want to walk it if it’s close 
to work; I would like having that area developed to 
look useable and pretty—it would make me happy to 
use it. It would benefit my quality of life; it is safe and 
pleasant to use.” In order to educate local residents 



Expanding the Indianapolis Cultural Trail: A Health Impact Assessment Yazel-Smith; Merkley; Danek; Stone

42

about the historical significance of the area, planners 
should include local art, specifically art relative to the 
African American community who first settled the 
area and continue to inhabit it. In order to inform trail 
users of the area, additional signage should be added 
along the trail to indicate the historic neighborhood of 
Ransom Place and informational signs would be useful 
in maintaining the deep history of the area. 

The ICT plays an important role in exercise and 
recreation for users. Marketing and promotion of the 
cultural trail expansion should be used to promote use 
in order to increase physical activity. In cities similar to 
Indianapolis, having a well developed network of biking 
and walking trails increases walkability and bikeability, 
thereby increasing physical activity for all residents 
(Brownson, 2000). Recent studies have found that 
walkability is a highly significant predictor of physical 
activity independent of individual behavior and even 
socioeconomic status (Sallis, 2009). Many studies have 
shown the importance of infrastructure in increasing 
walking and cycling mode shares. Cross-sectional 
studies consistently show a positive correlation 
between bike facilities and cycling (Pucher, 2010). Dill 
(2003) found each additional bikeway mile per square 
mile is associated with a roughly one percent increase 
in bicycle mode share. 

Safety was also a main concern for the ICT and the key 
stakeholders who live and/or work in the area. As each 
of the three potential routes include large intersections 
and city streets that carry a large volume of fast moving 
traffic, it is important for the expansion planners to 
consider safety as a main priority. Safety education is an 
important aspect of both public safety and encouraging 
physical activity in potential trail users. Safety training 
programs improve pedestrian skills such as timing and 
choosing safe crossings (Killoran, 2006). Marketing 
programs have been successful in promoting individual 
behavior change. Such programs can increase the 
use of alternative modes by 10-25 percent (Victoria 
Transportation Policy Institute, 2010). These evidence-
based recommendations are potentially useful in 

Indianapolis and are easily applicable to the expansion 
of the cultural trail.

This project had several limitations.  First, because 
the course was a six-week intensive course, there 
was a limited amount of time in which students could 
conduct this rapid HIA.  Although the course was six 
weeks, students had approximately five weeks to 
design, implement, and report the findings of the 
HIA. If time would have allowed for a full HIA, more 
in-depth primary data could have been collected 
that might show a more direct health impact of the 
expansion. Second, as students implemented the HIA 
plan, students determined there were gaps in the 
data collection plan, such as the interview guide did 
not match the need for the stakeholder interviews 
and limited data for the specific area of interest. In 
order to accommodate for these items, students made 
adjustments as they went along with the guidance of the 
course instructor. The health impact-related outcomes 
could not be thoroughly examined in the allotted 
time frame and with the existing student resources. 
The recommendations were a product of the planned 
data collection, but there were unforeseen gaps in the 
planning and data collection processes which led to 
less rigorous findings as could have been expected in a 
full HIA. This was due to the lack of student experience 
conducting HIA. Third, characterization impact 
assessment was not made for each of the factors 
affecting the three routes. Impact characterization is 
an important step to allow for an overview of the full 
project. This step should be completed if time allows 
in any future HIA of the ICT. Finally, the potential ICT 
expansion routes were already identified prior to the 
HIA taking place.  There could be additional routes that 
may have a different impact on the area. 

Implications for Practice

This project allowed graduate students to have hands-
on experience conducting a rapid HIA in the real world 
with potential impact on the project.  The outcomes 
of the HIA were meaningful, and contribute to the ICT 



Expanding the Indianapolis Cultural Trail: A Health Impact Assessment Yazel-Smith; Merkley; Danek; Stone

43

organization’s planning process for future expansion 
of the route. Likewise, this HIA demonstrates the 
importance of engaging communities most affected 
by proposed projects, as they provide valuable insight 
to unintended consequences of community based 
projects. The HIA project serves as an example for other 
academic courses that focus on HIA. Students can use 
this as a reference or case study for future studies. 

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge the students 
in the course who participated in the data collection 
process: Staci Kaczmarek, Lauren Lancaster, Ali 
Shahsavar, Hadyatoullaye Sow, and Anthony Tarver



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44

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Figure Legend
Figure 1: Map of Three Proposed Expansion Routes



Expanding the Indianapolis Cultural Trail: A Health Impact Assessment Yazel-Smith; Merkley; Danek; Stone

45

CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Lisa Yazel-Smith, MS, MCHES, CCRP
Law & Policy Analyst
Pediatric and Adolescent Comparative Effectiveness Research
Indiana University School of  Medicine
410 W. 10th Street, Ste. 2000A
Indianapolis, IN 46202
Phone: (317) 278-9615
smithlg@iupui.edu

CHIA Staff:

Editor-in-Chief  
Cynthia Stone, DrPH, RN, Professor, Richard M. Fairbanks School of  Public Health, Indiana University-Purdue University 
Indianapolis

Journal Manager 
Angela Evertsen, BA, Richard M. Fairbanks School of  Public Health, Indiana University-Purdue University 
Indianapolis

Chronicles of  Health Impact Assessment Vol. 3 Issue 1 (2018) DOI: 10.18060/22312
© 2018 Author(s): Yazel-Smith, L.; Merkley, A.; Danek, R.; Stone, C.
       This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The authors would like to acknowledge the students in the course who participated in the data collection process: Staci Kaczmarek, 
Lauren Lancaster, Ali Shahsavar, Hadyatoullaye Sow, and Anthony Tarver


