id sid tid token lemma pos ct-9320 1 1 1 1 NUM ct-9320 1 2 contact contact NOUN ct-9320 1 3 william william PROPN ct-9320 1 4 whitler whitler PROPN ct-9320 1 5 william.whitler@oregonstate.edu william.whitler@oregonstate.edu PROPN ct-9320 1 6 © © PROPN ct-9320 1 7 2023 2023 NUM ct-9320 1 8 the the DET ct-9320 1 9 author(s author(s NOUN ct-9320 1 10 ) ) PUNCT ct-9320 1 11 . . PUNCT ct-9320 2 1 this this PRON ct-9320 2 2 is be AUX ct-9320 2 3 an an DET ct-9320 2 4 open open ADJ ct-9320 2 5 access access NOUN ct-9320 2 6 article article NOUN ct-9320 2 7 distributed distribute VERB ct-9320 2 8 under under ADP ct-9320 2 9 the the DET ct-9320 2 10 terms term NOUN ct-9320 2 11 of of ADP ct-9320 2 12 the the DET ct-9320 2 13 creative creative ADJ ct-9320 2 14 commons common NOUN ct-9320 2 15 attribution attribution NOUN ct-9320 2 16 - - PUNCT ct-9320 2 17 noncommercial noncommercial ADJ ct-9320 2 18 4.0 4.0 NUM ct-9320 2 19 international international ADJ ct-9320 2 20 license license NOUN ct-9320 2 21 ( ( PUNCT ct-9320 2 22 http:// http:// PROPN ct-9320 2 23 creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ NOUN ct-9320 2 24 ) ) PUNCT ct-9320 2 25 , , PUNCT ct-9320 2 26 permitting permit VERB ct-9320 2 27 all all DET ct-9320 2 28 non non ADJ ct-9320 2 29 - - ADJ ct-9320 2 30 commercial commercial ADJ ct-9320 2 31 use use NOUN ct-9320 2 32 , , PUNCT ct-9320 2 33 distribution distribution NOUN ct-9320 2 34 , , PUNCT ct-9320 2 35 and and CCONJ ct-9320 2 36 reproduction reproduction NOUN ct-9320 2 37 in in ADP ct-9320 2 38 any any DET ct-9320 2 39 medium medium NOUN ct-9320 2 40 , , PUNCT ct-9320 2 41 provided provide VERB ct-9320 2 42 the the DET ct-9320 2 43 original original ADJ ct-9320 2 44 work work NOUN ct-9320 2 45 is be AUX ct-9320 2 46 properly properly ADV ct-9320 2 47 cited cite VERB ct-9320 2 48 . . PUNCT ct-9320 3 1 citation citation NOUN ct-9320 3 2 line line NOUN ct-9320 3 3 : : PUNCT ct-9320 3 4 clinical clinical ADJ ct-9320 3 5 theriogenology theriogenology NOUN ct-9320 3 6 2023 2023 NUM ct-9320 3 7 , , PUNCT ct-9320 3 8 15 15 NUM ct-9320 3 9 , , PUNCT ct-9320 3 10 9320 9320 NUM ct-9320 3 11 , , PUNCT ct-9320 3 12 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9320 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9320 NOUN ct-9320 3 13 technique technique NOUN ct-9320 3 14 report report NOUN ct-9320 3 15 canine canine VERB ct-9320 3 16 transcervical transcervical ADJ ct-9320 3 17 insemination insemination NOUN ct-9320 3 18 : : PUNCT ct-9320 3 19 history history NOUN ct-9320 3 20 and and CCONJ ct-9320 3 21 technique technique NOUN ct-9320 3 22 william william PROPN ct-9320 3 23 whitler whitler PROPN ct-9320 3 24 department department PROPN ct-9320 3 25 of of ADP ct-9320 3 26 clinical clinical ADJ ct-9320 3 27 sciences science NOUN ct-9320 3 28 , , PUNCT ct-9320 3 29 carlson carlson PROPN ct-9320 3 30 college college PROPN ct-9320 3 31 of of ADP ct-9320 3 32 veterinary veterinary ADJ ct-9320 3 33 medicine medicine NOUN ct-9320 3 34 , , PUNCT ct-9320 3 35 oregon oregon PROPN ct-9320 3 36 state state PROPN ct-9320 3 37 university university PROPN ct-9320 3 38 , , PUNCT ct-9320 3 39 corvallis corvallis PROPN ct-9320 3 40 , , PUNCT ct-9320 3 41 or or CCONJ ct-9320 3 42 abstract abstract ADJ ct-9320 3 43 artificial artificial ADJ ct-9320 3 44 insemination insemination NOUN ct-9320 3 45 in in ADP ct-9320 3 46 the the DET ct-9320 3 47 dog dog NOUN ct-9320 3 48 was be AUX ct-9320 3 49 first first ADV ct-9320 3 50 described describe VERB ct-9320 3 51 nearly nearly ADV ct-9320 3 52 250 250 NUM ct-9320 3 53 years year NOUN ct-9320 3 54 ago ago ADV ct-9320 3 55 . . PUNCT ct-9320 4 1 until until ADP ct-9320 4 2 the the DET ct-9320 4 3 1970s 1970 NOUN ct-9320 4 4 , , PUNCT ct-9320 4 5 the the DET ct-9320 4 6 process process NOUN ct-9320 4 7 remained remain VERB ct-9320 4 8 predominantly predominantly ADV ct-9320 4 9 in in ADP ct-9320 4 10 depositing deposit VERB ct-9320 4 11 semen semen NOUN ct-9320 4 12 in in ADP ct-9320 4 13 the the DET ct-9320 4 14 cranial cranial ADJ ct-9320 4 15 vagina vagina NOUN ct-9320 4 16 . . PUNCT ct-9320 5 1 initially initially ADV ct-9320 5 2 , , PUNCT ct-9320 5 3 surgery surgery NOUN ct-9320 5 4 was be AUX ct-9320 5 5 required require VERB ct-9320 5 6 to to PART ct-9320 5 7 successfully successfully ADV ct-9320 5 8 deposit deposit VERB ct-9320 5 9 frozen freeze VERB ct-9320 5 10 – – PUNCT ct-9320 5 11 thawed thaw VERB ct-9320 5 12 semen semen NOUN ct-9320 5 13 in in ADP ct-9320 5 14 uterus uterus NOUN ct-9320 5 15 . . PUNCT ct-9320 6 1 however however ADV ct-9320 6 2 , , PUNCT ct-9320 6 3 societal societal ADJ ct-9320 6 4 demands demand NOUN ct-9320 6 5 to to PART ct-9320 6 6 eliminate eliminate VERB ct-9320 6 7 the the DET ct-9320 6 8 need need NOUN ct-9320 6 9 for for ADP ct-9320 6 10 general general ADJ ct-9320 6 11 anesthesia anesthesia NOUN ct-9320 6 12 and and CCONJ ct-9320 6 13 surgery surgery NOUN ct-9320 6 14 for for ADP ct-9320 6 15 breeding breeding NOUN ct-9320 6 16 have have AUX ct-9320 6 17 led lead VERB ct-9320 6 18 to to ADP ct-9320 6 19 development development NOUN ct-9320 6 20 of of ADP ct-9320 6 21 reliable reliable ADJ ct-9320 6 22 and and CCONJ ct-9320 6 23 successful successful ADJ ct-9320 6 24 transcervical transcervical ADJ ct-9320 6 25 insemination insemination NOUN ct-9320 6 26 procedures procedure NOUN ct-9320 6 27 . . PUNCT ct-9320 7 1 common common ADJ ct-9320 7 2 barriers barrier NOUN ct-9320 7 3 to to PART ct-9320 7 4 perform perform VERB ct-9320 7 5 successful successful ADJ ct-9320 7 6 transcervical transcervical ADJ ct-9320 7 7 inseminations insemination NOUN ct-9320 7 8 include include VERB ct-9320 7 9 equipment equipment NOUN ct-9320 7 10 expense expense NOUN ct-9320 7 11 and and CCONJ ct-9320 7 12 developing develop VERB ct-9320 7 13 skills skill NOUN ct-9320 7 14 . . PUNCT ct-9320 8 1 in in ADP ct-9320 8 2 addition addition NOUN ct-9320 8 3 to to ADP ct-9320 8 4 practice practice NOUN ct-9320 8 5 , , PUNCT ct-9320 8 6 adopting adopt VERB ct-9320 8 7 suggestions suggestion NOUN ct-9320 8 8 provided provide VERB ct-9320 8 9 by by ADP ct-9320 8 10 the the DET ct-9320 8 11 author author NOUN ct-9320 8 12 will will AUX ct-9320 8 13 improve improve VERB ct-9320 8 14 practitioner practitioner NOUN ct-9320 8 15 ’s ’s PART ct-9320 8 16 success success NOUN ct-9320 8 17 . . PUNCT ct-9320 9 1 keywords keyword NOUN ct-9320 9 2 : : PUNCT ct-9320 9 3 canine canine NOUN ct-9320 9 4 , , PUNCT ct-9320 9 5 dog dog NOUN ct-9320 9 6 , , PUNCT ct-9320 9 7 artificial artificial ADJ ct-9320 9 8 insemination insemination NOUN ct-9320 9 9 , , PUNCT ct-9320 9 10 transcervical transcervical ADJ ct-9320 9 11 , , PUNCT ct-9320 9 12 endoscope endoscope NOUN ct-9320 9 13 , , PUNCT ct-9320 9 14 history history NOUN ct-9320 9 15 , , PUNCT ct-9320 9 16 technique technique NOUN ct-9320 9 17 history history NOUN ct-9320 9 18 and and CCONJ ct-9320 9 19 refinements refinement NOUN ct-9320 9 20 advances advance NOUN ct-9320 9 21 in in ADP ct-9320 9 22 veterinary veterinary ADJ ct-9320 9 23 medicine medicine NOUN ct-9320 9 24 often often ADV ct-9320 9 25 lagged lag VERB ct-9320 9 26 behind behind ADP ct-9320 9 27 human human ADJ ct-9320 9 28 medicine medicine NOUN ct-9320 9 29 ; ; PUNCT ct-9320 9 30 however however ADV ct-9320 9 31 , , PUNCT ct-9320 9 32 the the DET ct-9320 9 33 field field NOUN ct-9320 9 34 of of ADP ct-9320 9 35 artificial artificial ADJ ct-9320 9 36 insemination insemination NOUN ct-9320 9 37 ( ( PUNCT ct-9320 9 38 ai ai NOUN ct-9320 9 39 ) ) PUNCT ct-9320 9 40 is be AUX ct-9320 9 41 an an DET ct-9320 9 42 exception exception NOUN ct-9320 9 43 . . PUNCT ct-9320 10 1 anecdotal anecdotal ADJ ct-9320 10 2 reports report NOUN ct-9320 10 3 of of ADP ct-9320 10 4 the the DET ct-9320 10 5 first first ADJ ct-9320 10 6 human human PROPN ct-9320 10 7 ai ai PROPN ct-9320 10 8 date date NOUN ct-9320 10 9 backs back NOUN ct-9320 10 10 to to ADP ct-9320 10 11 henry henry PROPN ct-9320 10 12 iv iv PROPN ct-9320 10 13 ( ( PUNCT ct-9320 10 14 nicknamed nickname VERB ct-9320 10 15 ‘ ' PUNCT ct-9320 10 16 henry henry PROPN ct-9320 10 17 the the DET ct-9320 10 18 impotent impotent NOUN ct-9320 10 19 ’ ' PUNCT ct-9320 10 20 ) ) PUNCT ct-9320 10 21 of of ADP ct-9320 10 22 england england PROPN ct-9320 10 23 ( ( PUNCT ct-9320 10 24 1425–1474 1425–1474 NUM ct-9320 10 25 ) ) PUNCT ct-9320 10 26 , , PUNCT ct-9320 10 27 whose whose DET ct-9320 10 28 wife wife NOUN ct-9320 10 29 produced produce VERB ct-9320 10 30 a a DET ct-9320 10 31 daughter daughter NOUN ct-9320 10 32 joanna.1 joanna.1 NOUN ct-9320 10 33 however however ADV ct-9320 10 34 , , PUNCT ct-9320 10 35 veterinary veterinary ADJ ct-9320 10 36 literature literature NOUN ct-9320 10 37 alleges allege VERB ct-9320 10 38 that that SCONJ ct-9320 10 39 the the DET ct-9320 10 40 first first ADJ ct-9320 10 41 ai ai NOUN ct-9320 10 42 was be AUX ct-9320 10 43 performed perform VERB ct-9320 10 44 by by ADP ct-9320 10 45 an an DET ct-9320 10 46 arab arab ADJ ct-9320 10 47 chief chief NOUN ct-9320 10 48 in in ADP ct-9320 10 49 1322 1322 NUM ct-9320 10 50 , , PUNCT ct-9320 10 51 who who PRON ct-9320 10 52 stole steal VERB ct-9320 10 53 semen semen NOUN ct-9320 10 54 from from ADP ct-9320 10 55 the the DET ct-9320 10 56 stallion stallion NOUN ct-9320 10 57 of of ADP ct-9320 10 58 a a DET ct-9320 10 59 rival rival ADJ ct-9320 10 60 chief chief NOUN ct-9320 10 61 to to PART ct-9320 10 62 place place VERB ct-9320 10 63 in in ADP ct-9320 10 64 his his PRON ct-9320 10 65 mares.2 mares.2 ADJ ct-9320 10 66 human human ADJ ct-9320 10 67 and and CCONJ ct-9320 10 68 dog dog NOUN ct-9320 10 69 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9320 10 70 were be AUX ct-9320 10 71 first first ADV ct-9320 10 72 described describe VERB ct-9320 10 73 by by ADP ct-9320 10 74 leeuenhoek leeuenhoek NOUN ct-9320 10 75 and and CCONJ ct-9320 10 76 ham ham NOUN ct-9320 10 77 in in ADP ct-9320 10 78 the the DET ct-9320 10 79 netherlands netherlands PROPN ct-9320 10 80 in in ADP ct-9320 10 81 1678 1678 NUM ct-9320 10 82 , , PUNCT ct-9320 10 83 but but CCONJ ct-9320 10 84 it it PRON ct-9320 10 85 was be AUX ct-9320 10 86 not not PART ct-9320 10 87 until until ADP ct-9320 10 88 1784 1784 NUM ct-9320 10 89 that that PRON ct-9320 10 90 spallanzani spallanzani PROPN ct-9320 10 91 described describe VERB ct-9320 10 92 the the DET ct-9320 10 93 birth birth NOUN ct-9320 10 94 of of ADP ct-9320 10 95 three three NUM ct-9320 10 96 pups pup NOUN ct-9320 10 97 after after ADP ct-9320 10 98 ai ai VERB ct-9320 10 99 of of ADP ct-9320 10 100 a a DET ct-9320 10 101 dog.1 dog.1 ADJ ct-9320 10 102 one one NUM ct-9320 10 103 of of ADP ct-9320 10 104 the the DET ct-9320 10 105 earliest early ADJ ct-9320 10 106 reports report NOUN ct-9320 10 107 of of ADP ct-9320 10 108 successful successful ADJ ct-9320 10 109 canine canine ADJ ct-9320 10 110 pregnancy pregnancy NOUN ct-9320 10 111 with with ADP ct-9320 10 112 frozen frozen ADJ ct-9320 10 113 semen semen NOUN ct-9320 10 114 was be AUX ct-9320 10 115 in in ADP ct-9320 10 116 1969.3 1969.3 NUM ct-9320 10 117 however however ADV ct-9320 10 118 , , PUNCT ct-9320 10 119 it it PRON ct-9320 10 120 was be AUX ct-9320 10 121 not not PART ct-9320 10 122 until until ADP ct-9320 10 123 1981 1981 NUM ct-9320 10 124 that that SCONJ ct-9320 10 125 the the DET ct-9320 10 126 american american ADJ ct-9320 10 127 kennel kennel PROPN ct-9320 10 128 club club NOUN ct-9320 10 129 would would AUX ct-9320 10 130 allow allow VERB ct-9320 10 131 a a DET ct-9320 10 132 litter litter NOUN ct-9320 10 133 of of ADP ct-9320 10 134 pups pup NOUN ct-9320 10 135 conceived conceive VERB ct-9320 10 136 using use VERB ct-9320 10 137 frozen frozen ADJ ct-9320 10 138 semen semen NOUN ct-9320 10 139 to to PART ct-9320 10 140 be be AUX ct-9320 10 141 registered.4 registered.4 PROPN ct-9320 10 142 references reference NOUN ct-9320 10 143 to to ADP ct-9320 10 144 first first ADJ ct-9320 10 145 registry registry NOUN ct-9320 10 146 dates date NOUN ct-9320 10 147 in in ADP ct-9320 10 148 other other ADJ ct-9320 10 149 countries country NOUN ct-9320 10 150 are be AUX ct-9320 10 151 not not PART ct-9320 10 152 available available ADJ ct-9320 10 153 . . PUNCT ct-9320 11 1 transcervical transcervical ADJ ct-9320 11 2 insemination insemination NOUN ct-9320 11 3 ( ( PUNCT ct-9320 11 4 tci tci NOUN ct-9320 11 5 ) ) PUNCT ct-9320 11 6 was be AUX ct-9320 11 7 first first ADV ct-9320 11 8 reported report VERB ct-9320 11 9 in in ADP ct-9320 11 10 the the DET ct-9320 11 11 mid mid NOUN ct-9320 11 12 to to ADP ct-9320 11 13 late late ADJ ct-9320 11 14 1960s 1960 NOUN ct-9320 11 15 , , PUNCT ct-9320 11 16 but but CCONJ ct-9320 11 17 there there PRON ct-9320 11 18 was be VERB ct-9320 11 19 skepticism skepticism NOUN ct-9320 11 20 about about ADP ct-9320 11 21 the the DET ct-9320 11 22 actual actual ADJ ct-9320 11 23 ability ability NOUN ct-9320 11 24 to to PART ct-9320 11 25 do do AUX ct-9320 11 26 so so ADV ct-9320 11 27 blindly.3,5 blindly.3,5 NOUN ct-9320 11 28 by by ADP ct-9320 11 29 the the DET ct-9320 11 30 mid-1980s mid-1980 NOUN ct-9320 11 31 , , PUNCT ct-9320 11 32 surgical surgical ADJ ct-9320 11 33 ai ai VERB ct-9320 11 34 became become VERB ct-9320 11 35 the the DET ct-9320 11 36 most most ADV ct-9320 11 37 commonly commonly ADV ct-9320 11 38 recommended recommend VERB ct-9320 11 39 procedure procedure NOUN ct-9320 11 40 for for ADP ct-9320 11 41 inseminating inseminate VERB ct-9320 11 42 dogs dog NOUN ct-9320 11 43 using use VERB ct-9320 11 44 frozen frozen ADJ ct-9320 11 45 semen semen NOUN ct-9320 11 46 because because SCONJ ct-9320 11 47 of of ADP ct-9320 11 48 its its PRON ct-9320 11 49 short short ADJ ct-9320 11 50 lifespan lifespan NOUN ct-9320 11 51 in in ADP ct-9320 11 52 the the DET ct-9320 11 53 reproductive reproductive ADJ ct-9320 11 54 tract tract NOUN ct-9320 11 55 . . PUNCT ct-9320 12 1 in in ADP ct-9320 12 2 the the DET ct-9320 12 3 early early ADJ ct-9320 12 4 1990s 1990 NOUN ct-9320 12 5 , , PUNCT ct-9320 12 6 reports report NOUN ct-9320 12 7 of of ADP ct-9320 12 8 laparoscopic laparoscopic NOUN ct-9320 12 9 ai ai VERB ct-9320 12 10 appeared.6 appeared.6 PROPN ct-9320 12 11 tci tci VERB ct-9320 12 12 in in ADP ct-9320 12 13 dogs dog NOUN ct-9320 12 14 using use VERB ct-9320 12 15 a a DET ct-9320 12 16 norwegian norwegian ADJ ct-9320 12 17 catheter catheter NOUN ct-9320 12 18 designed design VERB ct-9320 12 19 for for ADP ct-9320 12 20 foxes fox NOUN ct-9320 12 21 was be AUX ct-9320 12 22 introduced introduce VERB ct-9320 12 23 in in ADP ct-9320 12 24 1975 1975 NUM ct-9320 12 25 but but CCONJ ct-9320 12 26 did do AUX ct-9320 12 27 not not PART ct-9320 12 28 gain gain VERB ct-9320 12 29 much much ADJ ct-9320 12 30 popularity popularity NOUN ct-9320 12 31 in in ADP ct-9320 12 32 the the DET ct-9320 12 33 united united PROPN ct-9320 12 34 states states PROPN ct-9320 12 35 due due ADP ct-9320 12 36 to to ADP ct-9320 12 37 its its PRON ct-9320 12 38 steep steep ADJ ct-9320 12 39 learning learning NOUN ct-9320 12 40 curve curve NOUN ct-9320 12 41 and and CCONJ ct-9320 12 42 level level NOUN ct-9320 12 43 of of ADP ct-9320 12 44 difficulty difficulty NOUN ct-9320 12 45 , , PUNCT ct-9320 12 46 especially especially ADV ct-9320 12 47 in in ADP ct-9320 12 48 larger large ADJ ct-9320 12 49 and and CCONJ ct-9320 12 50 obese obese NOUN ct-9320 12 51 dogs.7 dogs.7 VERB ct-9320 12 52 endoscope endoscope NOUN ct-9320 12 53 - - PUNCT ct-9320 12 54 assisted assist VERB ct-9320 12 55 tci tci NOUN ct-9320 12 56 ( ( PUNCT ct-9320 12 57 using use VERB ct-9320 12 58 a a DET ct-9320 12 59 human human ADJ ct-9320 12 60 cystoscope cystoscope NOUN ct-9320 12 61 ) ) PUNCT ct-9320 12 62 was be AUX ct-9320 12 63 described describe VERB ct-9320 12 64 in in ADP ct-9320 12 65 1973.7 1973.7 NUM ct-9320 12 66 refinements refinement NOUN ct-9320 12 67 in in ADP ct-9320 12 68 this this DET ct-9320 12 69 procedure procedure NOUN ct-9320 12 70 have have AUX ct-9320 12 71 evolved evolve VERB ct-9320 12 72 , , PUNCT ct-9320 12 73 and and CCONJ ct-9320 12 74 today today NOUN ct-9320 12 75 , , PUNCT ct-9320 12 76 there there PRON ct-9320 12 77 are be VERB ct-9320 12 78 instruments instrument NOUN ct-9320 12 79 available available ADJ ct-9320 12 80 specifically specifically ADV ct-9320 12 81 designed design VERB ct-9320 12 82 for for ADP ct-9320 12 83 tci tci NOUN ct-9320 12 84 in in ADP ct-9320 12 85 dogs dog NOUN ct-9320 12 86 . . PUNCT ct-9320 13 1 some some DET ct-9320 13 2 tci tci NOUN ct-9320 13 3 equipment equipment NOUN ct-9320 13 4 manufacturers manufacturer NOUN ct-9320 13 5 offer offer VERB ct-9320 13 6 a a DET ct-9320 13 7 variety variety NOUN ct-9320 13 8 of of ADP ct-9320 13 9 diameters diameter NOUN ct-9320 13 10 and and CCONJ ct-9320 13 11 lengths length NOUN ct-9320 13 12 of of ADP ct-9320 13 13 scopes scope NOUN ct-9320 13 14 for for ADP ct-9320 13 15 various various ADJ ct-9320 13 16 size size NOUN ct-9320 13 17 dogs dog NOUN ct-9320 13 18 and and CCONJ ct-9320 13 19 breeds breed NOUN ct-9320 13 20 . . PUNCT ct-9320 14 1 surgical surgical ADJ ct-9320 14 2 ai ai NOUN ct-9320 14 3 has have VERB ct-9320 14 4 certain certain ADJ ct-9320 14 5 advantages advantage NOUN ct-9320 14 6 over over ADP ct-9320 14 7 endoscope endoscope NOUN ct-9320 14 8 - - PUNCT ct-9320 14 9 assisted assist VERB ct-9320 14 10 tci tci NOUN ct-9320 14 11 . . PUNCT ct-9320 15 1 first first ADV ct-9320 15 2 , , PUNCT ct-9320 15 3 with with ADP ct-9320 15 4 surgical surgical ADJ ct-9320 15 5 ai ai NOUN ct-9320 15 6 , , PUNCT ct-9320 15 7 it it PRON ct-9320 15 8 is be AUX ct-9320 15 9 possible possible ADJ ct-9320 15 10 to to PART ct-9320 15 11 confirm confirm VERB ct-9320 15 12 ovulation ovulation NOUN ct-9320 15 13 at at ADP ct-9320 15 14 insemination insemination NOUN ct-9320 15 15 and and CCONJ ct-9320 15 16 visually visually ADV ct-9320 15 17 / / SYM ct-9320 15 18 digitally digitally ADV ct-9320 15 19 evaluate evaluate VERB ct-9320 15 20 reproductive reproductive ADJ ct-9320 15 21 tract tract NOUN ct-9320 15 22 for for ADP ct-9320 15 23 pathology pathology NOUN ct-9320 15 24 . . PUNCT ct-9320 16 1 second second ADJ ct-9320 16 2 , , PUNCT ct-9320 16 3 with with ADP ct-9320 16 4 surgical surgical ADJ ct-9320 16 5 ai ai NOUN ct-9320 16 6 , , PUNCT ct-9320 16 7 semen seman NOUN ct-9320 16 8 can can AUX ct-9320 16 9 be be AUX ct-9320 16 10 distributed distribute VERB ct-9320 16 11 into into ADP ct-9320 16 12 both both DET ct-9320 16 13 uterine uterine ADJ ct-9320 16 14 horns horn NOUN ct-9320 16 15 , , PUNCT ct-9320 16 16 whereas whereas SCONJ ct-9320 16 17 in in ADP ct-9320 16 18 tci tci PROPN ct-9320 16 19 , , PUNCT ct-9320 16 20 presumably presumably ADV ct-9320 16 21 , , PUNCT ct-9320 16 22 whole whole ADJ ct-9320 16 23 semen semen NOUN ct-9320 16 24 is be AUX ct-9320 16 25 deposited deposit VERB ct-9320 16 26 into into ADP ct-9320 16 27 a a DET ct-9320 16 28 uterine uterine ADJ ct-9320 16 29 horn horn NOUN ct-9320 16 30 or or CCONJ ct-9320 16 31 the the DET ct-9320 16 32 uterine uterine ADJ ct-9320 16 33 body body NOUN ct-9320 16 34 . . PUNCT ct-9320 17 1 this this DET ct-9320 17 2 theoretical theoretical ADJ ct-9320 17 3 advantage advantage NOUN ct-9320 17 4 toward toward ADP ct-9320 17 5 an an DET ct-9320 17 6 increased increase VERB ct-9320 17 7 chance chance NOUN ct-9320 17 8 of of ADP ct-9320 17 9 pregnancy pregnancy NOUN ct-9320 17 10 or or CCONJ ct-9320 17 11 litter litter NOUN ct-9320 17 12 size size NOUN ct-9320 17 13 does do AUX ct-9320 17 14 not not PART ct-9320 17 15 withstand withstand VERB ct-9320 17 16 scrutiny scrutiny NOUN ct-9320 17 17 as as SCONJ ct-9320 17 18 conception conception NOUN ct-9320 17 19 rates rate NOUN ct-9320 17 20 are be AUX ct-9320 17 21 reported report VERB ct-9320 17 22 to to PART ct-9320 17 23 be be AUX ct-9320 17 24 higher high ADJ ct-9320 17 25 using use VERB ct-9320 17 26 endoscopic endoscopic ADJ ct-9320 17 27 tci tci NOUN ct-9320 17 28 compared compare VERB ct-9320 17 29 to to ADP ct-9320 17 30 surgical surgical ADJ ct-9320 17 31 ai.8 ai.8 PROPN ct-9320 17 32 a a DET ct-9320 17 33 possible possible ADJ ct-9320 17 34 explanation explanation NOUN ct-9320 17 35 of of ADP ct-9320 17 36 lower low ADJ ct-9320 17 37 conception conception NOUN ct-9320 17 38 rate rate NOUN ct-9320 17 39 with with ADP ct-9320 17 40 surgical surgical ADJ ct-9320 17 41 ai ai NOUN ct-9320 17 42 is be AUX ct-9320 17 43 due due ADJ ct-9320 17 44 to to ADP ct-9320 17 45 the the DET ct-9320 17 46 stress stress NOUN ct-9320 17 47 of of ADP ct-9320 17 48 surgery surgery NOUN ct-9320 17 49 and/or and/or CCONJ ct-9320 17 50 anesthesia.8 anesthesia.8 PROPN ct-9320 17 51 apparently apparently ADV ct-9320 17 52 , , PUNCT ct-9320 17 53 this this DET ct-9320 17 54 explanation explanation NOUN ct-9320 17 55 was be AUX ct-9320 17 56 rejected reject VERB ct-9320 17 57 since since SCONJ ct-9320 17 58 there there PRON ct-9320 17 59 was be VERB ct-9320 17 60 no no DET ct-9320 17 61 difference difference NOUN ct-9320 17 62 in in ADP ct-9320 17 63 conception conception NOUN ct-9320 17 64 rate rate NOUN ct-9320 17 65 or or CCONJ ct-9320 17 66 litter litter NOUN ct-9320 17 67 size size NOUN ct-9320 17 68 between between ADP ct-9320 17 69 dogs dog NOUN ct-9320 17 70 bred breed VERB ct-9320 17 71 naturally naturally ADV ct-9320 17 72 and and CCONJ ct-9320 17 73 via via ADP ct-9320 17 74 laparoscopic laparoscopic NOUN ct-9320 17 75 ai.6 ai.6 PROPN ct-9320 17 76 this this PRON ct-9320 17 77 implies imply VERB ct-9320 17 78 that that SCONJ ct-9320 17 79 the the DET ct-9320 17 80 natural natural ADJ ct-9320 17 81 act act NOUN ct-9320 17 82 of of ADP ct-9320 17 83 canine canine PROPN ct-9320 17 84 coitus coitus NOUN ct-9320 17 85 is be AUX ct-9320 17 86 as as ADV ct-9320 17 87 stressful stressful ADJ ct-9320 17 88 as as ADP ct-9320 17 89 general general ADJ ct-9320 17 90 anesthesia anesthesia NOUN ct-9320 17 91 and and CCONJ ct-9320 17 92 surgical surgical ADJ ct-9320 17 93 insemination insemination NOUN ct-9320 17 94 . . PUNCT ct-9320 18 1 although although SCONJ ct-9320 18 2 laparoscopic laparoscopic NOUN ct-9320 18 3 ai ai VERB ct-9320 18 4 and and CCONJ ct-9320 18 5 surgical surgical ADJ ct-9320 18 6 ai ai NOUN ct-9320 18 7 were be AUX ct-9320 18 8 not not PART ct-9320 18 9 compared compare VERB ct-9320 18 10 , , PUNCT ct-9320 18 11 comparisons comparison NOUN ct-9320 18 12 of of ADP ct-9320 18 13 laparoscopic laparoscopic NOUN ct-9320 18 14 ovariectomy ovariectomy NOUN ct-9320 18 15 and and CCONJ ct-9320 18 16 ovariohysterectomy ovariohysterectomy ADV ct-9320 18 17 via via ADP ct-9320 18 18 laparotomy laparotomy NOUN ct-9320 18 19 indicated indicate VERB ct-9320 18 20 that that SCONJ ct-9320 18 21 laparoscopic laparoscopic NOUN ct-9320 18 22 surgery surgery NOUN ct-9320 18 23 may may AUX ct-9320 18 24 * * AUX ct-9320 18 25 presented present VERB ct-9320 18 26 at at ADP ct-9320 18 27 the the DET ct-9320 18 28 2022 2022 NUM ct-9320 18 29 society society NOUN ct-9320 18 30 for for ADP ct-9320 18 31 theriogenology theriogenology NOUN ct-9320 18 32 conference conference NOUN ct-9320 18 33 ( ( PUNCT ct-9320 18 34 canine canine NOUN ct-9320 18 35 symposium symposium NOUN ct-9320 18 36 ) ) PUNCT ct-9320 18 37 , , PUNCT ct-9320 18 38 published publish VERB ct-9320 18 39 after after ADP ct-9320 18 40 peer peer NOUN ct-9320 18 41 - - PUNCT ct-9320 18 42 review review NOUN ct-9320 18 43 . . PUNCT ct-9320 19 1 mailto:william.whitler@oregonstate.edu mailto:william.whitler@oregonstate.edu PROPN ct-9320 19 2 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ PROPN ct-9320 19 3 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ PROPN ct-9320 19 4 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9320 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9320 PROPN ct-9320 19 5 2 2 NUM ct-9320 19 6 citation citation NOUN ct-9320 19 7 line line NOUN ct-9320 19 8 : : PUNCT ct-9320 19 9 clinical clinical ADJ ct-9320 19 10 theriogenology theriogenology NOUN ct-9320 19 11 2023 2023 NUM ct-9320 19 12 , , PUNCT ct-9320 19 13 15 15 NUM ct-9320 19 14 , , PUNCT ct-9320 19 15 9320 9320 NUM ct-9320 19 16 , , PUNCT ct-9320 19 17 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9320 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9320 NOUN ct-9320 19 18 or or CCONJ ct-9320 19 19 may may AUX ct-9320 19 20 not not PART ct-9320 19 21 take take VERB ct-9320 19 22 longer long ADV ct-9320 19 23 , , PUNCT ct-9320 19 24 and and CCONJ ct-9320 19 25 postoperatively postoperatively ADV ct-9320 19 26 , , PUNCT ct-9320 19 27 the the DET ct-9320 19 28 patient patient NOUN ct-9320 19 29 appeared appear VERB ct-9320 19 30 to to PART ct-9320 19 31 be be AUX ct-9320 19 32 slightly slightly ADV ct-9320 19 33 less less ADJ ct-9320 19 34 painful.9,10 painful.9,10 NOUN ct-9320 19 35 since since SCONJ ct-9320 19 36 the the DET ct-9320 19 37 incision incision NOUN ct-9320 19 38 length length NOUN ct-9320 19 39 and and CCONJ ct-9320 19 40 amount amount NOUN ct-9320 19 41 of of ADP ct-9320 19 42 tissue tissue NOUN ct-9320 19 43 handling handle VERB ct-9320 19 44 in in ADP ct-9320 19 45 a a DET ct-9320 19 46 surgical surgical ADJ ct-9320 19 47 ai ai NOUN ct-9320 19 48 are be AUX ct-9320 19 49 substantially substantially ADV ct-9320 19 50 less less ADJ ct-9320 19 51 than than ADP ct-9320 19 52 an an DET ct-9320 19 53 ovariohysterectomy ovariohysterectomy NOUN ct-9320 19 54 , , PUNCT ct-9320 19 55 the the DET ct-9320 19 56 last last ADJ ct-9320 19 57 remaining remain VERB ct-9320 19 58 variable variable NOUN ct-9320 19 59 is be AUX ct-9320 19 60 the the DET ct-9320 19 61 insemination insemination NOUN ct-9320 19 62 process process NOUN ct-9320 19 63 itself itself PRON ct-9320 19 64 . . PUNCT ct-9320 20 1 studies study NOUN ct-9320 20 2 directly directly ADV ct-9320 20 3 comparing compare VERB ct-9320 20 4 fertility fertility NOUN ct-9320 20 5 rates rate NOUN ct-9320 20 6 using use VERB ct-9320 20 7 laparoscopic laparoscopic NOUN ct-9320 20 8 ai ai VERB ct-9320 20 9 versus versus ADP ct-9320 20 10 conventional conventional ADJ ct-9320 20 11 surgical surgical ADJ ct-9320 20 12 ai ai NOUN ct-9320 20 13 are be AUX ct-9320 20 14 unlikely unlikely ADJ ct-9320 20 15 to to PART ct-9320 20 16 ever ever ADV ct-9320 20 17 be be AUX ct-9320 20 18 performed perform VERB ct-9320 20 19 for for ADP ct-9320 20 20 ethical ethical ADJ ct-9320 20 21 and and CCONJ ct-9320 20 22 financial financial ADJ ct-9320 20 23 reasons reason NOUN ct-9320 20 24 . . PUNCT ct-9320 21 1 although although SCONJ ct-9320 21 2 the the DET ct-9320 21 3 cause cause NOUN ct-9320 21 4 of of ADP ct-9320 21 5 lower low ADJ ct-9320 21 6 fertility fertility NOUN ct-9320 21 7 rates rate NOUN ct-9320 21 8 of of ADP ct-9320 21 9 surgical surgical ADJ ct-9320 21 10 ai ai NOUN ct-9320 21 11 compared compare VERB ct-9320 21 12 to to ADP ct-9320 21 13 tci tci PROPN ct-9320 21 14 may may AUX ct-9320 21 15 never never ADV ct-9320 21 16 be be AUX ct-9320 21 17 elucidated elucidate VERB ct-9320 21 18 , , PUNCT ct-9320 21 19 some some DET ct-9320 21 20 clients client NOUN ct-9320 21 21 still still ADV ct-9320 21 22 insist insist VERB ct-9320 21 23 on on ADP ct-9320 21 24 surgical surgical ADJ ct-9320 21 25 ai ai NOUN ct-9320 21 26 . . PUNCT ct-9320 22 1 an an DET ct-9320 22 2 advantage advantage NOUN ct-9320 22 3 of of ADP ct-9320 22 4 endoscope endoscope NOUN ct-9320 22 5 - - PUNCT ct-9320 22 6 assisted assist VERB ct-9320 22 7 tci tci NOUN ct-9320 22 8 over over ADP ct-9320 22 9 surgical surgical ADJ ct-9320 22 10 ai ai NOUN ct-9320 22 11 is be AUX ct-9320 22 12 the the DET ct-9320 22 13 ability ability NOUN ct-9320 22 14 to to PART ct-9320 22 15 perform perform VERB ct-9320 22 16 intrauterine intrauterine ADJ ct-9320 22 17 insemination insemination NOUN ct-9320 22 18 without without ADP ct-9320 22 19 the the DET ct-9320 22 20 need need NOUN ct-9320 22 21 for for ADP ct-9320 22 22 general general ADJ ct-9320 22 23 anesthesia anesthesia PROPN ct-9320 22 24 and and CCONJ ct-9320 22 25 surgery surgery NOUN ct-9320 22 26 . . PUNCT ct-9320 23 1 another another DET ct-9320 23 2 advantage advantage NOUN ct-9320 23 3 of of ADP ct-9320 23 4 endoscope endoscope NOUN ct-9320 23 5 - - PUNCT ct-9320 23 6 assisted assist VERB ct-9320 23 7 tci tci NOUN ct-9320 23 8 is be AUX ct-9320 23 9 that that SCONJ ct-9320 23 10 it it PRON ct-9320 23 11 allows allow VERB ct-9320 23 12 multiple multiple ADJ ct-9320 23 13 inseminations insemination NOUN ct-9320 23 14 during during ADP ct-9320 23 15 the the DET ct-9320 23 16 fertilization fertilization NOUN ct-9320 23 17 window window NOUN ct-9320 23 18 of of ADP ct-9320 23 19 estrus estrus NOUN ct-9320 23 20 . . PUNCT ct-9320 24 1 this this PRON ct-9320 24 2 is be AUX ct-9320 24 3 not not PART ct-9320 24 4 typically typically ADV ct-9320 24 5 performed perform VERB ct-9320 24 6 in in ADP ct-9320 24 7 surgical surgical ADJ ct-9320 24 8 ai ai NOUN ct-9320 24 9 , , PUNCT ct-9320 24 10 as as SCONJ ct-9320 24 11 it it PRON ct-9320 24 12 would would AUX ct-9320 24 13 require require VERB ct-9320 24 14 additional additional ADJ ct-9320 24 15 general general ADJ ct-9320 24 16 anesthesia anesthesia NOUN ct-9320 24 17 and and CCONJ ct-9320 24 18 surgery surgery NOUN ct-9320 24 19 within within ADP ct-9320 24 20 a a DET ct-9320 24 21 96 96 NUM ct-9320 24 22 - - PUNCT ct-9320 24 23 hour hour NOUN ct-9320 24 24 window window NOUN ct-9320 24 25 . . PUNCT ct-9320 25 1 although although SCONJ ct-9320 25 2 there there PRON ct-9320 25 3 was be VERB ct-9320 25 4 no no DET ct-9320 25 5 significant significant ADJ ct-9320 25 6 difference difference NOUN ct-9320 25 7 in in ADP ct-9320 25 8 conception conception NOUN ct-9320 25 9 rates rate NOUN ct-9320 25 10 between between ADP ct-9320 25 11 single single ADJ ct-9320 25 12 and and CCONJ ct-9320 25 13 double double ADJ ct-9320 25 14 inseminations insemination NOUN ct-9320 25 15 , , PUNCT ct-9320 25 16 pregnancy pregnancy NOUN ct-9320 25 17 rate rate NOUN ct-9320 25 18 in in ADP ct-9320 25 19 the the DET ct-9320 25 20 group group NOUN ct-9320 25 21 inseminated inseminate VERB ct-9320 25 22 twice twice ADV ct-9320 25 23 was be AUX ct-9320 25 24 numerically numerically ADV ct-9320 25 25 lower low ADJ ct-9320 25 26 ( ( PUNCT ct-9320 25 27 62 62 NUM ct-9320 25 28 % % NOUN ct-9320 25 29 ) ) PUNCT ct-9320 25 30 than than SCONJ ct-9320 25 31 a a DET ct-9320 25 32 single single ADJ ct-9320 25 33 insemination insemination NOUN ct-9320 25 34 ( ( PUNCT ct-9320 25 35 69%).8 69%).8 NUM ct-9320 25 36 the the DET ct-9320 25 37 mechanism mechanism NOUN ct-9320 25 38 by by ADP ct-9320 25 39 which which PRON ct-9320 25 40 multiple multiple ADJ ct-9320 25 41 endoscope endoscope NOUN ct-9320 25 42 - - PUNCT ct-9320 25 43 assisted assist VERB ct-9320 25 44 tci tci NOUN ct-9320 25 45 procedures procedure NOUN ct-9320 25 46 performed perform VERB ct-9320 25 47 in in ADP ct-9320 25 48 an an DET ct-9320 25 49 estrous estrous ADJ ct-9320 25 50 period period NOUN ct-9320 25 51 reduce reduce VERB ct-9320 25 52 pregnancy pregnancy NOUN ct-9320 25 53 rate rate NOUN ct-9320 25 54 remains remain VERB ct-9320 25 55 unclear unclear ADJ ct-9320 25 56 . . PUNCT ct-9320 26 1 the the DET ct-9320 26 2 decision decision NOUN ct-9320 26 3 to to PART ct-9320 26 4 breed breed VERB ct-9320 26 5 twice twice ADV ct-9320 26 6 was be AUX ct-9320 26 7 based base VERB ct-9320 26 8 on on ADP ct-9320 26 9 client client NOUN ct-9320 26 10 preference preference NOUN ct-9320 26 11 and/or and/or CCONJ ct-9320 26 12 low low ADJ ct-9320 26 13 numbers number NOUN ct-9320 26 14 of of ADP ct-9320 26 15 live live VERB ct-9320 26 16 morphologically morphologically ADV ct-9320 26 17 normal normal ADJ ct-9320 26 18 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9320 26 19 and and CCONJ ct-9320 26 20 availability availability NOUN ct-9320 26 21 of of ADP ct-9320 26 22 semen.8 semen.8 NOUN ct-9320 26 23 these these DET ct-9320 26 24 authors author NOUN ct-9320 26 25 also also ADV ct-9320 26 26 determined determine VERB ct-9320 26 27 serum serum NOUN ct-9320 26 28 progesterone progesterone NOUN ct-9320 26 29 concentrations concentration NOUN ct-9320 26 30 as as ADV ct-9320 26 31 often often ADV ct-9320 26 32 as as ADP ct-9320 26 33 daily daily ADJ ct-9320 26 34 in in ADP ct-9320 26 35 some some DET ct-9320 26 36 cases case NOUN ct-9320 26 37 to to PART ct-9320 26 38 decide decide VERB ct-9320 26 39 on on ADP ct-9320 26 40 insemination insemination NOUN ct-9320 26 41 timing timing NOUN ct-9320 26 42 . . PUNCT ct-9320 27 1 although although SCONJ ct-9320 27 2 ideal ideal ADJ ct-9320 27 3 , , PUNCT ct-9320 27 4 that that DET ct-9320 27 5 level level NOUN ct-9320 27 6 of of ADP ct-9320 27 7 accuracy accuracy NOUN ct-9320 27 8 may may AUX ct-9320 27 9 not not PART ct-9320 27 10 always always ADV ct-9320 27 11 be be AUX ct-9320 27 12 obtainable obtainable ADJ ct-9320 27 13 for for ADP ct-9320 27 14 every every DET ct-9320 27 15 patient patient NOUN ct-9320 27 16 . . PUNCT ct-9320 28 1 frozen frozen ADJ ct-9320 28 2 semen semen NOUN ct-9320 28 3 quality quality NOUN ct-9320 28 4 can can AUX ct-9320 28 5 vary vary VERB ct-9320 28 6 even even ADV ct-9320 28 7 within within ADP ct-9320 28 8 samples sample NOUN ct-9320 28 9 collected collect VERB ct-9320 28 10 from from ADP ct-9320 28 11 the the DET ct-9320 28 12 same same ADJ ct-9320 28 13 male male NOUN ct-9320 28 14 , , PUNCT ct-9320 28 15 making make VERB ct-9320 28 16 the the DET ct-9320 28 17 decision decision NOUN ct-9320 28 18 to to PART ct-9320 28 19 perform perform VERB ct-9320 28 20 endoscope endoscope NOUN ct-9320 28 21 - - PUNCT ct-9320 28 22 assisted assist VERB ct-9320 28 23 ai ai VERB ct-9320 28 24 more more ADJ ct-9320 28 25 than than ADP ct-9320 28 26 once once ADV ct-9320 28 27 in in ADP ct-9320 28 28 estrus estrus NOUN ct-9320 28 29 , , PUNCT ct-9320 28 30 which which PRON ct-9320 28 31 is be AUX ct-9320 28 32 still still ADV ct-9320 28 33 a a DET ct-9320 28 34 ‘ ' PUNCT ct-9320 28 35 judgement judgement NOUN ct-9320 28 36 call call NOUN ct-9320 28 37 ’ ' PUNCT ct-9320 28 38 . . PUNCT ct-9320 29 1 in in ADP ct-9320 29 2 addition addition NOUN ct-9320 29 3 to to ADP ct-9320 29 4 the the DET ct-9320 29 5 advantages advantage NOUN ct-9320 29 6 of of ADP ct-9320 29 7 safety safety NOUN ct-9320 29 8 , , PUNCT ct-9320 29 9 cost cost NOUN ct-9320 29 10 , , PUNCT ct-9320 29 11 and and CCONJ ct-9320 29 12 ability ability NOUN ct-9320 29 13 to to PART ct-9320 29 14 perform perform VERB ct-9320 29 15 more more ADJ ct-9320 29 16 than than ADP ct-9320 29 17 one one NUM ct-9320 29 18 insemination insemination NOUN ct-9320 29 19 , , PUNCT ct-9320 29 20 tci tci PROPN ct-9320 29 21 allows allow VERB ct-9320 29 22 visualization visualization NOUN ct-9320 29 23 of of ADP ct-9320 29 24 vaginal vaginal ADJ ct-9320 29 25 wall wall NOUN ct-9320 29 26 crenulation crenulation NOUN ct-9320 29 27 and and CCONJ ct-9320 29 28 any any DET ct-9320 29 29 other other ADJ ct-9320 29 30 vaginal vaginal ADJ ct-9320 29 31 abnormalities abnormality NOUN ct-9320 29 32 that that PRON ct-9320 29 33 might might AUX ct-9320 29 34 affect affect VERB ct-9320 29 35 normal normal ADJ ct-9320 29 36 vaginal vaginal ADJ ct-9320 29 37 delivery delivery NOUN ct-9320 29 38 ( ( PUNCT ct-9320 29 39 e.g. e.g. ADV ct-9320 29 40 septum septum NOUN ct-9320 29 41 and and CCONJ ct-9320 29 42 adhesions adhesion NOUN ct-9320 29 43 ) ) PUNCT ct-9320 29 44 . . PUNCT ct-9320 30 1 timing timing NOUN ct-9320 30 2 of of ADP ct-9320 30 3 ai ai NOUN ct-9320 30 4 is be AUX ct-9320 30 5 determined determine VERB ct-9320 30 6 by by ADP ct-9320 30 7 a a DET ct-9320 30 8 few few ADJ ct-9320 30 9 methods method NOUN ct-9320 30 10 . . PUNCT ct-9320 31 1 if if SCONJ ct-9320 31 2 a a DET ct-9320 31 3 practitioner practitioner NOUN ct-9320 31 4 is be AUX ct-9320 31 5 routinely routinely ADV ct-9320 31 6 performing perform VERB ct-9320 31 7 vaginal vaginal ADJ ct-9320 31 8 cytologies cytology NOUN ct-9320 31 9 as as ADP ct-9320 31 10 a a DET ct-9320 31 11 method method NOUN ct-9320 31 12 , , PUNCT ct-9320 31 13 large large ADJ ct-9320 31 14 and and CCONJ ct-9320 31 15 giant giant ADJ ct-9320 31 16 breeds breed NOUN ct-9320 31 17 pose pose VERB ct-9320 31 18 a a DET ct-9320 31 19 problem problem NOUN ct-9320 31 20 ( ( PUNCT ct-9320 31 21 not not PART ct-9320 31 22     SPACE ct-9320 31 23 able able ADJ ct-9320 31 24 to to PART ct-9320 31 25 reach reach VERB ct-9320 31 26 the the DET ct-9320 31 27 cranial cranial ADJ ct-9320 31 28 vagina vagina NOUN ct-9320 31 29 ) ) PUNCT ct-9320 31 30 with with ADP ct-9320 31 31 the the DET ct-9320 31 32 standard standard ADJ ct-9320 31 33 6 6 NUM ct-9320 31 34 - - PUNCT ct-9320 31 35 inch inch NOUN ct-9320 31 36 swab swab NOUN ct-9320 31 37 ( ( PUNCT ct-9320 31 38 sterile sterile ADJ ct-9320 31 39 polyester polyester NOUN ct-9320 31 40 tipped tip VERB ct-9320 31 41 applicators applicator NOUN ct-9320 31 42 , , PUNCT ct-9320 31 43 puritan puritan ADJ ct-9320 31 44 medical medical ADJ ct-9320 31 45 products product NOUN ct-9320 31 46 , , PUNCT ct-9320 31 47 guilford guilford PROPN ct-9320 31 48 , , PUNCT ct-9320 31 49 me i PRON ct-9320 31 50 ) ) PUNCT ct-9320 31 51 . . PUNCT ct-9320 32 1 to to PART ct-9320 32 2 solve solve VERB ct-9320 32 3 this this DET ct-9320 32 4 problem problem NOUN ct-9320 32 5 , , PUNCT ct-9320 32 6 the the DET ct-9320 32 7 length length NOUN ct-9320 32 8 of of ADP ct-9320 32 9 the the DET ct-9320 32 10 swab swab NOUN ct-9320 32 11 can can AUX ct-9320 32 12 be be AUX ct-9320 32 13 increased increase VERB ct-9320 32 14 by by ADP ct-9320 32 15 inserting insert VERB ct-9320 32 16 1 1 NUM ct-9320 32 17 cm cm NOUN ct-9320 32 18 of of ADP ct-9320 32 19 the the DET ct-9320 32 20 swab swab NOUN ct-9320 32 21 handle handle VERB ct-9320 32 22 into into ADP ct-9320 32 23 the the DET ct-9320 32 24 lumen luman NOUN ct-9320 32 25 of of ADP ct-9320 32 26 a a DET ct-9320 32 27 0.5 0.5 NUM ct-9320 32 28 ml ml NOUN ct-9320 32 29 semen semen NOUN ct-9320 32 30 straw straw NOUN ct-9320 32 31 , , PUNCT ct-9320 32 32 held hold VERB ct-9320 32 33 in in ADP ct-9320 32 34 place place NOUN ct-9320 32 35 with with ADP ct-9320 32 36 a a DET ct-9320 32 37 drop drop NOUN ct-9320 32 38 of of ADP ct-9320 32 39 cyano cyano NOUN ct-9320 32 40 - - PUNCT ct-9320 32 41 acrylic acrylic NOUN ct-9320 32 42 glue glue NOUN ct-9320 32 43 and and CCONJ ct-9320 32 44 allowed allow VERB ct-9320 32 45 a a DET ct-9320 32 46 few few ADJ ct-9320 32 47 minutes minute NOUN ct-9320 32 48 to to PART ct-9320 32 49 dry dry VERB ct-9320 32 50 . . PUNCT ct-9320 33 1 technique technique NOUN ct-9320 33 2 improvements improvement NOUN ct-9320 33 3 sedation sedation NOUN ct-9320 33 4 sedation sedation NOUN ct-9320 33 5 for for ADP ct-9320 33 6 an an DET ct-9320 33 7 endoscope endoscope NOUN ct-9320 33 8 - - PUNCT ct-9320 33 9 assisted assist VERB ct-9320 33 10 tci tci NOUN ct-9320 33 11 is be AUX ct-9320 33 12 practitioner practitioner NOUN ct-9320 33 13 ’s ’s PART ct-9320 33 14 discretion discretion NOUN ct-9320 33 15 . . PUNCT ct-9320 34 1 in in ADP ct-9320 34 2 author author NOUN ct-9320 34 3 ’s ’s PART ct-9320 34 4 practice practice NOUN ct-9320 34 5 , , PUNCT ct-9320 34 6 sedation sedation NOUN ct-9320 34 7 has have AUX ct-9320 34 8 rarely rarely ADV ct-9320 34 9 been be AUX ct-9320 34 10 used use VERB ct-9320 34 11 except except SCONJ ct-9320 34 12 for for ADP ct-9320 34 13 an an DET ct-9320 34 14 occasional occasional ADJ ct-9320 34 15 uncooperative uncooperative ADJ ct-9320 34 16 dog dog NOUN ct-9320 34 17 . . PUNCT ct-9320 35 1 other other ADJ ct-9320 35 2 practitioners practitioner NOUN ct-9320 35 3 report report NOUN ct-9320 35 4 sedating sedate VERB ct-9320 35 5 almost almost ADV ct-9320 35 6 every every PRON ct-9320 35 7 dog dog NOUN ct-9320 35 8 for for ADP ct-9320 35 9 endoscope endoscope NOUN ct-9320 35 10 - - PUNCT ct-9320 35 11 assisted assist VERB ct-9320 35 12 tci tci NOUN ct-9320 35 13 . . PUNCT ct-9320 36 1 to to ADP ct-9320 36 2 some some DET ct-9320 36 3 degree degree NOUN ct-9320 36 4 , , PUNCT ct-9320 36 5 the the DET ct-9320 36 6 decision decision NOUN ct-9320 36 7 to to PART ct-9320 36 8 sedate sedate ADJ ct-9320 36 9 may may AUX ct-9320 36 10 depend depend VERB ct-9320 36 11 on on ADP ct-9320 36 12 the the DET ct-9320 36 13 availability availability NOUN ct-9320 36 14 of of ADP ct-9320 36 15 assistance assistance NOUN ct-9320 36 16 to to PART ct-9320 36 17 restrain restrain VERB ct-9320 36 18 the the DET ct-9320 36 19 dog dog NOUN ct-9320 36 20 . . PUNCT ct-9320 37 1 author author NOUN ct-9320 37 2 prefers prefer VERB ct-9320 37 3 to to PART ct-9320 37 4 use use VERB ct-9320 37 5 a a DET ct-9320 37 6 minimal minimal ADJ ct-9320 37 7 amount amount NOUN ct-9320 37 8 of of ADP ct-9320 37 9 dexmetdetomidine dexmetdetomidine NOUN ct-9320 37 10 ( ( PUNCT ct-9320 37 11 dexdomitor dexdomitor PROPN ct-9320 37 12 ® ® PROPN ct-9320 37 13 , , PUNCT ct-9320 37 14 orion orion PROPN ct-9320 37 15 pharma pharma PROPN ct-9320 37 16 , , PUNCT ct-9320 37 17 espoo espoo PROPN ct-9320 37 18 , , PUNCT ct-9320 37 19 finland finland PROPN ct-9320 37 20 ; ; PUNCT ct-9320 37 21 zoetis zoetis PROPN ct-9320 37 22 inc inc PROPN ct-9320 37 23 , , PUNCT ct-9320 37 24 kalamazoo kalamazoo PROPN ct-9320 37 25 , , PUNCT ct-9320 37 26 mi mi PROPN ct-9320 37 27 ) ) PUNCT ct-9320 37 28 for for ADP ct-9320 37 29 most most ADJ ct-9320 37 30 fidgety fidgety ADJ ct-9320 37 31 dogs dog NOUN ct-9320 37 32 to to PART ct-9320 37 33 have have VERB ct-9320 37 34 them they PRON ct-9320 37 35 remain remain VERB ct-9320 37 36 standing stand VERB ct-9320 37 37 . . PUNCT ct-9320 38 1 an an DET ct-9320 38 2 occasional occasional ADJ ct-9320 38 3 aggressive aggressive ADJ ct-9320 38 4 dog dog NOUN ct-9320 38 5 that that PRON ct-9320 38 6 resents resent VERB ct-9320 38 7 manipulation manipulation NOUN ct-9320 38 8 of of ADP ct-9320 38 9 the the DET ct-9320 38 10 vulva vulva NOUN ct-9320 38 11 may may AUX ct-9320 38 12 require require VERB ct-9320 38 13 higher high ADJ ct-9320 38 14 doses dose NOUN ct-9320 38 15 of of ADP ct-9320 38 16 dexmetdetomidine dexmetdetomidine NOUN ct-9320 38 17 and and CCONJ ct-9320 38 18 a a DET ct-9320 38 19 muzzle muzzle NOUN ct-9320 38 20 . . PUNCT ct-9320 39 1 although although SCONJ ct-9320 39 2 most most ADJ ct-9320 39 3 estrous estrous ADJ ct-9320 39 4 dogs dog NOUN ct-9320 39 5 tolerate tolerate VERB ct-9320 39 6 the the DET ct-9320 39 7 endoscope endoscope NOUN ct-9320 39 8 - - PUNCT ct-9320 39 9 assisted assist VERB ct-9320 39 10 tci tci NOUN ct-9320 39 11 procedure procedure NOUN ct-9320 39 12 with with ADP ct-9320 39 13 little little ADJ ct-9320 39 14 perceived perceive VERB ct-9320 39 15 discomfort discomfort NOUN ct-9320 39 16 , , PUNCT ct-9320 39 17 occasionally occasionally ADV ct-9320 39 18 , , PUNCT ct-9320 39 19 a a DET ct-9320 39 20 dog dog NOUN ct-9320 39 21 will will AUX ct-9320 39 22 violently violently ADV ct-9320 39 23 and/or and/or CCONJ ct-9320 39 24 vocally vocally ADV ct-9320 39 25 object object VERB ct-9320 39 26 to to ADP ct-9320 39 27 the the DET ct-9320 39 28 procedure procedure NOUN ct-9320 39 29 . . PUNCT ct-9320 40 1 topical topical ADJ ct-9320 40 2 vaginal vaginal ADJ ct-9320 40 3 application application NOUN ct-9320 40 4 of of ADP ct-9320 40 5 lidocaine lidocaine NOUN ct-9320 40 6 is be AUX ct-9320 40 7 an an DET ct-9320 40 8 alternate alternate ADJ ct-9320 40 9 method method NOUN ct-9320 40 10 instead instead ADV ct-9320 40 11 of of ADP ct-9320 40 12 sedation sedation NOUN ct-9320 40 13 . . PUNCT ct-9320 41 1 author author NOUN ct-9320 41 2 instills instill VERB ct-9320 41 3 1–2 1–2 NUM ct-9320 41 4 ml ml NOUN ct-9320 41 5 of of ADP ct-9320 41 6 lidocaine lidocaine NOUN ct-9320 41 7 ( ( PUNCT ct-9320 41 8 lidocaine lidocaine NOUN ct-9320 41 9 2 2 NUM ct-9320 41 10 % % NOUN ct-9320 41 11 , , PUNCT ct-9320 41 12 vet vet NOUN ct-9320 41 13 one one NUM ct-9320 41 14 , , PUNCT ct-9320 41 15 mwi mwi PROPN ct-9320 41 16 , , PUNCT ct-9320 41 17 boise boise PROPN ct-9320 41 18 , , PUNCT ct-9320 41 19 i i PROPN ct-9320 41 20 d d PROPN ct-9320 41 21 ) ) PUNCT ct-9320 41 22 via via ADP ct-9320 41 23 a a DET ct-9320 41 24 closed closed ADJ ct-9320 41 25 end end NOUN ct-9320 41 26 3.5 3.5 NUM ct-9320 41 27 french french ADJ ct-9320 41 28 tom tom PROPN ct-9320 41 29 cat cat PROPN ct-9320 41 30 catheter catheter PROPN ct-9320 41 31 ( ( PUNCT ct-9320 41 32 argyle argyle PROPN ct-9320 41 33 ™ ™ PROPN ct-9320 41 34 [ [ X ct-9320 41 35 closed closed ADJ ct-9320 41 36 end end NOUN ct-9320 41 37 catheter catheter NOUN ct-9320 41 38 with with ADP ct-9320 41 39 5.5 5.5 NUM ct-9320 41 40 inch inch NOUN ct-9320 41 41 adapter adapter NOUN ct-9320 41 42 ] ] PUNCT ct-9320 41 43 coviden coviden PROPN ct-9320 41 44 , , PUNCT ct-9320 41 45 llc llc PROPN ct-9320 41 46 , , PUNCT ct-9320 41 47 mansfield mansfield PROPN ct-9320 41 48 , , PUNCT ct-9320 41 49 ma ma PROPN ct-9320 41 50 ) ) PUNCT ct-9320 41 51 that that PRON ct-9320 41 52 is be AUX ct-9320 41 53 inserted insert VERB ct-9320 41 54 into into ADP ct-9320 41 55 the the DET ct-9320 41 56 caudal caudal NOUN ct-9320 41 57 vagina vagina NOUN ct-9320 41 58 , , PUNCT ct-9320 41 59 and and CCONJ ct-9320 41 60 5 5 NUM ct-9320 41 61 minutes minute NOUN ct-9320 41 62 allowed allow VERB ct-9320 41 63 for for ADP ct-9320 41 64 topical topical ADJ ct-9320 41 65 desensitization desensitization NOUN ct-9320 41 66 . . PUNCT ct-9320 42 1 difficulty difficulty NOUN ct-9320 42 2 navigating navigate VERB ct-9320 42 3 cranial cranial ADJ ct-9320 42 4 vagina vagina ADJ ct-9320 42 5 transcervical transcervical ADJ ct-9320 42 6 insemination insemination NOUN ct-9320 42 7 scope scope NOUN ct-9320 42 8 is be AUX ct-9320 42 9 occasionally occasionally ADV ct-9320 42 10 difficult difficult ADJ ct-9320 42 11 to to PART ct-9320 42 12 navigate navigate VERB ct-9320 42 13 beyond beyond ADP ct-9320 42 14 cranial cranial ADJ ct-9320 42 15 vagina vagina NOUN ct-9320 42 16 ( ( PUNCT ct-9320 42 17 approximately approximately ADV ct-9320 42 18 the the DET ct-9320 42 19 level level NOUN ct-9320 42 20 of of ADP ct-9320 42 21 the the DET ct-9320 42 22 pubis pubis NOUN ct-9320 42 23 ) ) PUNCT ct-9320 42 24 . . PUNCT ct-9320 43 1 author author NOUN ct-9320 43 2 has have AUX ct-9320 43 3 not not PART ct-9320 43 4 arrived arrive VERB ct-9320 43 5 at at ADP ct-9320 43 6 a a DET ct-9320 43 7 consistently consistently ADV ct-9320 43 8 reliable reliable ADJ ct-9320 43 9 way way NOUN ct-9320 43 10 to to PART ct-9320 43 11 advance advance VERB ct-9320 43 12 the the DET ct-9320 43 13 scope scope NOUN ct-9320 43 14 except except SCONJ ct-9320 43 15 by by ADP ct-9320 43 16 : : PUNCT ct-9320 43 17 ( ( PUNCT ct-9320 43 18 1 1 X ct-9320 43 19 ) ) PUNCT ct-9320 43 20 increasing increase VERB ct-9320 43 21 insufflation insufflation NOUN ct-9320 43 22 of of ADP ct-9320 43 23 the the DET ct-9320 43 24 vagina vagina NOUN ct-9320 43 25 ; ; PUNCT ct-9320 43 26 ( ( PUNCT ct-9320 43 27 2 2 X ct-9320 43 28 ) ) PUNCT ct-9320 43 29 increasing increase VERB ct-9320 43 30 pressure pressure NOUN ct-9320 43 31 on on ADP ct-9320 43 32 the the DET ct-9320 43 33 endoscope endoscope NOUN ct-9320 43 34 ; ; PUNCT ct-9320 43 35 and and CCONJ ct-9320 43 36 ( ( PUNCT ct-9320 43 37 3 3 X ct-9320 43 38 ) ) PUNCT ct-9320 43 39 rotating rotate VERB ct-9320 43 40 the the DET ct-9320 43 41 scope scope NOUN ct-9320 43 42 180 180 NUM ct-9320 43 43 degrees degree NOUN ct-9320 43 44 to to PART ct-9320 43 45 alter alter VERB ct-9320 43 46 the the DET ct-9320 43 47 field field NOUN ct-9320 43 48 of of ADP ct-9320 43 49 view view NOUN ct-9320 43 50 ( ( PUNCT ct-9320 43 51 or or CCONJ ct-9320 43 52 some some DET ct-9320 43 53 combination combination NOUN ct-9320 43 54 of of ADP ct-9320 43 55 all all DET ct-9320 43 56 3 3 NUM ct-9320 43 57 ) ) PUNCT ct-9320 43 58 . . PUNCT ct-9320 44 1 improving improve VERB ct-9320 44 2 external external ADJ ct-9320 44 3 cervical cervical ADJ ct-9320 44 4 os os NOUN ct-9320 44 5 visualization visualization NOUN ct-9320 44 6 in in ADP ct-9320 44 7 author author NOUN ct-9320 44 8 ’s ’s PART ct-9320 44 9 practice practice NOUN ct-9320 44 10 , , PUNCT ct-9320 44 11 a a DET ct-9320 44 12 ‘ ' PUNCT ct-9320 44 13 shunt shunt NOUN ct-9320 44 14 ’ ' PUNCT ct-9320 44 15 ( ( PUNCT ct-9320 44 16 tci tci PROPN ct-9320 44 17 shunt shunt NOUN ct-9320 44 18 system system NOUN ct-9320 44 19 , , PUNCT ct-9320 44 20 minitube minitube NOUN ct-9320 44 21 , , PUNCT ct-9320 44 22 verona verona PROPN ct-9320 44 23 , , PUNCT ct-9320 44 24 wi wi PROPN ct-9320 44 25 ) ) PUNCT ct-9320 44 26 with with ADP ct-9320 44 27 an an DET ct-9320 44 28 inflatable inflatable ADJ ct-9320 44 29 cuff cuff NOUN ct-9320 44 30 and and CCONJ ct-9320 44 31 sealing seal VERB ct-9320 44 32 o o NOUN ct-9320 44 33 - - NOUN ct-9320 44 34 ring ring NOUN ct-9320 44 35 is be AUX ct-9320 44 36 utilized utilize VERB ct-9320 44 37 for for ADP ct-9320 44 38 majority majority NOUN ct-9320 44 39 of of ADP ct-9320 44 40 moderate moderate ADJ ct-9320 44 41 - - PUNCT ct-9320 44 42 size size NOUN ct-9320 44 43 dogs dog NOUN ct-9320 44 44 . . PUNCT ct-9320 45 1 digital digital ADJ ct-9320 45 2 pressure pressure NOUN ct-9320 45 3 on on ADP ct-9320 45 4 the the DET ct-9320 45 5 vulvar vulvar NOUN ct-9320 45 6 lips lip NOUN ct-9320 45 7 around around ADP ct-9320 45 8 endoscope endoscope NOUN ct-9320 45 9 shaft shaft NOUN ct-9320 45 10 is be AUX ct-9320 45 11 applied apply VERB ct-9320 45 12 on on ADP ct-9320 45 13 smaller small ADJ ct-9320 45 14 dogs dog NOUN ct-9320 45 15 and and CCONJ ct-9320 45 16 those those PRON ct-9320 45 17 that that PRON ct-9320 45 18 resist resist VERB ct-9320 45 19 shunt shunt NOUN ct-9320 45 20 insertion insertion NOUN ct-9320 45 21 . . PUNCT ct-9320 46 1 if if SCONJ ct-9320 46 2 shunt shunt NOUN ct-9320 46 3 is be AUX ct-9320 46 4 difficult difficult ADJ ct-9320 46 5 to to PART ct-9320 46 6 insert insert VERB ct-9320 46 7 , , PUNCT ct-9320 46 8 careful careful ADJ ct-9320 46 9 evaluation evaluation NOUN ct-9320 46 10 for for ADP ct-9320 46 11 a a DET ct-9320 46 12 vestibulo vestibulo NOUN ct-9320 46 13 - - PUNCT ct-9320 46 14 vaginal vaginal ADJ ct-9320 46 15 septal septal ADJ ct-9320 46 16 remnant remnant NOUN ct-9320 46 17 is be AUX ct-9320 46 18 indicated indicate VERB ct-9320 46 19 . . PUNCT ct-9320 47 1 occasionally occasionally ADV ct-9320 47 2 , , PUNCT ct-9320 47 3 these these DET ct-9320 47 4 septal septal ADJ ct-9320 47 5 remnants remnant NOUN ct-9320 47 6 can can AUX ct-9320 47 7 be be AUX ct-9320 47 8     SPACE ct-9320 47 9 overlooked overlook VERB ct-9320 47 10 if if SCONJ ct-9320 47 11 the the DET ct-9320 47 12 endoscope endoscope NOUN ct-9320 47 13 is be AUX ct-9320 47 14 small small ADJ ct-9320 47 15 enough enough ADV ct-9320 47 16 to to PART ct-9320 47 17 reach reach VERB ct-9320 47 18 the the DET ct-9320 47 19 cervix cervix NOUN ct-9320 47 20 because because SCONJ ct-9320 47 21 caudal caudal ADJ ct-9320 47 22 vagina vagina NOUN ct-9320 47 23 and and CCONJ ct-9320 47 24 vestibule vestibule NOUN ct-9320 47 25 escape escape NOUN ct-9320 47 26 from from ADP ct-9320 47 27 examination examination NOUN ct-9320 47 28 during during ADP ct-9320 47 29 initial initial ADJ ct-9320 47 30 insertion insertion NOUN ct-9320 47 31 . . PUNCT ct-9320 48 1 if if SCONJ ct-9320 48 2 identifying identify VERB ct-9320 48 3 external external ADJ ct-9320 48 4 os os NOUN ct-9320 48 5 is be AUX ct-9320 48 6 difficult difficult ADJ ct-9320 48 7 , , PUNCT ct-9320 48 8 stimulating stimulate VERB ct-9320 48 9 defecation defecation NOUN ct-9320 48 10 typically typically ADV ct-9320 48 11 improves improve VERB ct-9320 48 12 visualization visualization NOUN ct-9320 48 13 . . PUNCT ct-9320 49 1 defecation defecation NOUN ct-9320 49 2 can can AUX ct-9320 49 3 be be AUX ct-9320 49 4 stimulated stimulate VERB ct-9320 49 5 using use VERB ct-9320 49 6 the the DET ct-9320 49 7 ‘ ' PUNCT ct-9320 49 8 match match NOUN ct-9320 49 9 in in ADP ct-9320 49 10 the the DET ct-9320 49 11 anus anus NOUN ct-9320 49 12 ’ ' PUNCT ct-9320 49 13 technique technique NOUN ct-9320 49 14 . . PUNCT ct-9320 50 1 whether whether SCONJ ct-9320 50 2 the the DET ct-9320 50 3 phosphorus phosphorus NOUN ct-9320 50 4 on on ADP ct-9320 50 5 the the DET ct-9320 50 6 match match NOUN ct-9320 50 7 head head NOUN ct-9320 50 8 makes make VERB ct-9320 50 9 a a DET ct-9320 50 10 difference difference NOUN ct-9320 50 11 is be AUX ct-9320 50 12 debated debate VERB ct-9320 50 13 . . PUNCT ct-9320 51 1 most most ADJ ct-9320 51 2 endoscope endoscope NOUN ct-9320 51 3 - - PUNCT ct-9320 51 4 assisted assist VERB ct-9320 51 5 tcis tcis NOUN ct-9320 51 6 are be AUX ct-9320 51 7 performed perform VERB ct-9320 51 8 without without ADP ct-9320 51 9 applying apply VERB ct-9320 51 10 pressure pressure NOUN ct-9320 51 11 to to ADP ct-9320 51 12 the the DET ct-9320 51 13 ventral ventral ADJ ct-9320 51 14 abdomen abdomen NOUN ct-9320 51 15 , , PUNCT ct-9320 51 16 but but CCONJ ct-9320 51 17 occasionally occasionally ADV ct-9320 51 18 , , PUNCT ct-9320 51 19 manipulation manipulation NOUN ct-9320 51 20 of of ADP ct-9320 51 21 the the DET ct-9320 51 22 cervix cervix NOUN ct-9320 51 23 transabdominally transabdominally NOUN ct-9320 51 24 is be AUX ct-9320 51 25 attempted attempt VERB ct-9320 51 26 when when SCONJ ct-9320 51 27 visual visual ADJ ct-9320 51 28 identification identification NOUN ct-9320 51 29 of of ADP ct-9320 51 30 the the DET ct-9320 51 31 external external ADJ ct-9320 51 32 cervical cervical ADJ ct-9320 51 33 os os NOUN ct-9320 51 34 is be AUX ct-9320 51 35 difficult difficult ADJ ct-9320 51 36 . . PUNCT ct-9320 52 1 majority majority NOUN ct-9320 52 2 of of ADP ct-9320 52 3 endoscope endoscope NOUN ct-9320 52 4 - - PUNCT ct-9320 52 5 assisted assist VERB ct-9320 52 6 tcis tcis NOUN ct-9320 52 7 performed perform VERB ct-9320 52 8 in in ADP ct-9320 52 9 author author NOUN ct-9320 52 10 ’s ’s PART ct-9320 52 11 practice practice NOUN ct-9320 52 12 are be AUX ct-9320 52 13 with with ADP ct-9320 52 14 the the DET ct-9320 52 15 patient patient NOUN ct-9320 52 16 standing stand VERB ct-9320 52 17 on on ADP ct-9320 52 18 an an DET ct-9320 52 19 adjustable adjustable ADJ ct-9320 52 20 height height NOUN ct-9320 52 21 table table NOUN ct-9320 52 22 that that PRON ct-9320 52 23 comfortably comfortably ADV ct-9320 52 24 accommodates accommodate VERB ct-9320 52 25 various various ADJ ct-9320 52 26 size size NOUN ct-9320 52 27 dogs dog NOUN ct-9320 52 28 . . PUNCT ct-9320 53 1 although although SCONJ ct-9320 53 2 most most ADJ ct-9320 53 3 endoscope endoscope NOUN ct-9320 53 4 - - PUNCT ct-9320 53 5 assisted assist VERB ct-9320 53 6 tci tci NOUN ct-9320 53 7 procedures procedure NOUN ct-9320 53 8 are be AUX ct-9320 53 9 performed perform VERB ct-9320 53 10 with with ADP ct-9320 53 11 operator operator NOUN ct-9320 53 12 standing standing NOUN ct-9320 53 13 , , PUNCT ct-9320 53 14 if if SCONJ ct-9320 53 15 tci tci PROPN ct-9320 53 16 is be AUX ct-9320 53 17 difficult difficult ADJ ct-9320 53 18 , , PUNCT ct-9320 53 19 performing perform VERB ct-9320 53 20 the the DET ct-9320 53 21 procedure procedure NOUN ct-9320 53 22 sitting sit VERB ct-9320 53 23 on on ADP ct-9320 53 24 an an DET ct-9320 53 25 adjustable adjustable ADJ ct-9320 53 26 stool stool NOUN ct-9320 53 27 may may AUX ct-9320 53 28 facilitate facilitate VERB ct-9320 53 29 success success NOUN ct-9320 53 30 . . PUNCT ct-9320 54 1 apparently apparently ADV ct-9320 54 2 , , PUNCT ct-9320 54 3 subtle subtle ADJ ct-9320 54 4 difference difference NOUN ct-9320 54 5 in in ADP ct-9320 54 6 orientation orientation NOUN ct-9320 54 7 helps help VERB ct-9320 54 8 in in ADP ct-9320 54 9 some some DET ct-9320 54 10 cases case NOUN ct-9320 54 11 . . PUNCT ct-9320 55 1 occasionally occasionally ADV ct-9320 55 2 , , PUNCT ct-9320 55 3 the the DET ct-9320 55 4 cranial cranial ADJ ct-9320 55 5 vagina vagina NOUN ct-9320 55 6 is be AUX ct-9320 55 7 filled fill VERB ct-9320 55 8 with with ADP ct-9320 55 9 estrual estrual ADJ ct-9320 55 10 fluids fluid NOUN ct-9320 55 11 , , PUNCT ct-9320 55 12 making make VERB ct-9320 55 13 external external ADJ ct-9320 55 14 os os NOUN ct-9320 55 15 visualization visualization NOUN ct-9320 55 16 difficult difficult ADJ ct-9320 55 17 . . PUNCT ct-9320 56 1 if if SCONJ ct-9320 56 2 the the DET ct-9320 56 3 procedure procedure NOUN ct-9320 56 4 is be AUX ct-9320 56 5 performed perform VERB ct-9320 56 6 toward toward ADP ct-9320 56 7 end end NOUN ct-9320 56 8 of of ADP ct-9320 56 9 estrus estrus NOUN ct-9320 56 10 , , PUNCT ct-9320 56 11 sheets sheet NOUN ct-9320 56 12 of of ADP ct-9320 56 13 epithelial epithelial ADJ ct-9320 56 14 cells cell NOUN ct-9320 56 15 occasionally occasionally ADV ct-9320 56 16 occlude occlude VERB ct-9320 56 17 the the DET ct-9320 56 18 camera camera NOUN ct-9320 56 19 and and CCONJ ct-9320 56 20 even even ADV ct-9320 56 21 the the DET ct-9320 56 22 external external ADJ ct-9320 56 23 cervical cervical ADJ ct-9320 56 24 os os NOUN ct-9320 56 25 . . PUNCT ct-9320 57 1 aspiration aspiration NOUN ct-9320 57 2 of of ADP ct-9320 57 3 the the DET ct-9320 57 4 fluid fluid NOUN ct-9320 57 5 with with ADP ct-9320 57 6 the the DET ct-9320 57 7 catheter catheter NOUN ct-9320 57 8 can can AUX ct-9320 57 9 improve improve VERB ct-9320 57 10 visualization visualization NOUN ct-9320 57 11 . . PUNCT ct-9320 58 1 if if SCONJ ct-9320 58 2 the the DET ct-9320 58 3 dog dog NOUN ct-9320 58 4 is be AUX ct-9320 58 5 large large ADJ ct-9320 58 6 enough enough ADV ct-9320 58 7 , , PUNCT ct-9320 58 8 passing pass VERB ct-9320 58 9 a a DET ct-9320 58 10 16 16 NUM ct-9320 58 11 - - PUNCT ct-9320 58 12 inch inch NOUN ct-9320 58 13 rayon rayon NOUN ct-9320 58 14 swab swab NOUN ct-9320 58 15 ( ( PUNCT ct-9320 58 16 scopettes scopette VERB ct-9320 58 17 ® ® PROPN ct-9320 58 18 , , PUNCT ct-9320 58 19 birchwood birchwood PROPN ct-9320 58 20 laboratories laboratories PROPN ct-9320 58 21 , , PUNCT ct-9320 58 22 eden eden PROPN ct-9320 58 23 prairie prairie PROPN ct-9320 58 24 , , PUNCT ct-9320 58 25 mn mn PROPN ct-9320 58 26 ) ) PUNCT ct-9320 58 27 into into ADP ct-9320 58 28 the the DET ct-9320 58 29 cranial cranial ADJ ct-9320 58 30 vagina vagina NOUN ct-9320 58 31 to to PART ct-9320 58 32 absorb absorb VERB ct-9320 58 33 fluids fluid NOUN ct-9320 58 34 and and CCONJ ct-9320 58 35 dislodge dislodge VERB ct-9320 58 36 shed shed ADJ ct-9320 58 37 epithelium epithelium NOUN ct-9320 58 38 can can AUX ct-9320 58 39 be be AUX ct-9320 58 40 helpful helpful ADJ ct-9320 58 41 . . PUNCT ct-9320 59 1 swabs swab NOUN ct-9320 59 2 can can AUX ct-9320 59 3 either either CCONJ ct-9320 59 4 be be AUX ct-9320 59 5 purchased purchase VERB ct-9320 59 6 individually individually ADV ct-9320 59 7 packaged package VERB ct-9320 59 8 sterile sterile ADJ ct-9320 59 9 or or CCONJ ct-9320 59 10 can can AUX ct-9320 59 11 be be AUX ct-9320 59 12 steam steam NOUN ct-9320 59 13 - - PUNCT ct-9320 59 14 autoclaved autoclave VERB ct-9320 59 15 ( ( PUNCT ct-9320 59 16 but but CCONJ ct-9320 59 17 the the DET ct-9320 59 18 plastic plastic ADJ ct-9320 59 19 shaft shaft NOUN ct-9320 59 20 does do AUX ct-9320 59 21 bow bow VERB ct-9320 59 22 slightly slightly ADV ct-9320 59 23 during during ADP ct-9320 59 24 autoclaving autoclaving NOUN ct-9320 59 25 ) ) PUNCT ct-9320 59 26 . . PUNCT ct-9320 60 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9320 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9320 NOUN ct-9320 60 2 citation citation NOUN ct-9320 60 3 line line NOUN ct-9320 60 4 : : PUNCT ct-9320 60 5 clinical clinical ADJ ct-9320 60 6 theriogenology theriogenology NOUN ct-9320 60 7 2023 2023 NUM ct-9320 60 8 , , PUNCT ct-9320 60 9 15 15 NUM ct-9320 60 10 , , PUNCT ct-9320 60 11 9320 9320 NUM ct-9320 60 12 , , PUNCT ct-9320 60 13 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9320 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9320 NOUN ct-9320 60 14 3 3 NUM ct-9320 60 15 catheterizing catheterize VERB ct-9320 60 16 cervix cervix NOUN ct-9320 60 17 cervix cervix NOUN ct-9320 60 18 of of ADP ct-9320 60 19 the the DET ct-9320 60 20 dog dog NOUN ct-9320 60 21 typically typically ADV ct-9320 60 22 points point VERB ct-9320 60 23 in in ADP ct-9320 60 24 a a DET ct-9320 60 25 ventral ventral ADJ ct-9320 60 26 direction direction NOUN ct-9320 60 27 with with ADP ct-9320 60 28 some some DET ct-9320 60 29 variation variation NOUN ct-9320 60 30 from from ADP ct-9320 60 31 straight straight ADJ ct-9320 60 32 downward downward ADV ct-9320 60 33 to to ADP ct-9320 60 34 slightly slightly ADV ct-9320 60 35 to to ADP ct-9320 60 36 either either DET ct-9320 60 37 side side NOUN ct-9320 60 38 . . PUNCT ct-9320 61 1 extending extend VERB ct-9320 61 2 the the DET ct-9320 61 3 catheter catheter NOUN ct-9320 61 4 a a DET ct-9320 61 5 minimum minimum NOUN ct-9320 61 6 , , PUNCT ct-9320 61 7 typically typically ADV ct-9320 61 8 ≤ ≤ NUM ct-9320 61 9 1 1 NUM ct-9320 61 10 cm cm NOUN ct-9320 61 11 , , PUNCT ct-9320 61 12 and and CCONJ ct-9320 61 13 gently gently ADV ct-9320 61 14 lifting lift VERB ct-9320 61 15 the the DET ct-9320 61 16 external external ADJ ct-9320 61 17 cervical cervical ADJ ct-9320 61 18 os os NOUN ct-9320 61 19 with with ADP ct-9320 61 20 the the DET ct-9320 61 21 scope scope NOUN ct-9320 61 22 and and CCONJ ct-9320 61 23 catheter catheter NOUN ct-9320 61 24 while while SCONJ ct-9320 61 25 simultaneously simultaneously ADV ct-9320 61 26 advancing advance VERB ct-9320 61 27 both both PRON ct-9320 61 28 sometimes sometimes ADV ct-9320 61 29 allow allow VERB ct-9320 61 30 cervical cervical ADJ ct-9320 61 31 entry entry NOUN ct-9320 61 32 . . PUNCT ct-9320 62 1 excessive excessive ADJ ct-9320 62 2 downward downward ADJ ct-9320 62 3 or or CCONJ ct-9320 62 4 lateral lateral ADJ ct-9320 62 5 orientation orientation NOUN ct-9320 62 6 of of ADP ct-9320 62 7 cervix cervix NOUN ct-9320 62 8 can can AUX ct-9320 62 9 be be AUX ct-9320 62 10 problematic problematic ADJ ct-9320 62 11 to to PART ct-9320 62 12 inseminate inseminate VERB ct-9320 62 13 and and CCONJ ct-9320 62 14 , , PUNCT ct-9320 62 15 in in ADP ct-9320 62 16 some some DET ct-9320 62 17 cases case NOUN ct-9320 62 18 , , PUNCT ct-9320 62 19 necessitates necessitate VERB ct-9320 62 20 putting put VERB ct-9320 62 21 a a DET ct-9320 62 22 slight slight ADJ ct-9320 62 23 curve curve NOUN ct-9320 62 24 or or CCONJ ct-9320 62 25 ‘ ' PUNCT ct-9320 62 26 crook crook NOUN ct-9320 62 27 ’ ' PUNCT ct-9320 62 28 in in ADP ct-9320 62 29 the the DET ct-9320 62 30 tip tip NOUN ct-9320 62 31 of of ADP ct-9320 62 32 the the DET ct-9320 62 33 catheter catheter NOUN ct-9320 62 34 with with ADP ct-9320 62 35 the the DET ct-9320 62 36 stylet stylet NOUN ct-9320 62 37 in in ADP ct-9320 62 38 place place NOUN ct-9320 62 39 . . PUNCT ct-9320 63 1 extent extent NOUN ct-9320 63 2 of of ADP ct-9320 63 3 curve curve NOUN ct-9320 63 4 varies vary VERB ct-9320 63 5 among among ADP ct-9320 63 6 clinicians clinician NOUN ct-9320 63 7 and and CCONJ ct-9320 63 8 even even ADV ct-9320 63 9 among among ADP ct-9320 63 10 dogs dog NOUN ct-9320 63 11 . . PUNCT ct-9320 64 1 if if SCONJ ct-9320 64 2 catheter catheter NOUN ct-9320 64 3 tip tip NOUN ct-9320 64 4 can can AUX ct-9320 64 5 be be AUX ct-9320 64 6 started start VERB ct-9320 64 7 into into ADP ct-9320 64 8 cervix cervix NOUN ct-9320 64 9 but but CCONJ ct-9320 64 10 becomes become VERB ct-9320 64 11 difficult difficult ADJ ct-9320 64 12 to to PART ct-9320 64 13 advance advance VERB ct-9320 64 14 , , PUNCT ct-9320 64 15 withdrawing withdraw VERB ct-9320 64 16 the the DET ct-9320 64 17 stylet stylet NOUN ct-9320 64 18 1–2 1–2 DET ct-9320 64 19 cm cm NOUN ct-9320 64 20 allows allow VERB ct-9320 64 21 it it PRON ct-9320 64 22 to to PART ct-9320 64 23 ‘ ' PUNCT ct-9320 64 24 find find VERB ct-9320 64 25 its its PRON ct-9320 64 26 own own ADJ ct-9320 64 27 way way NOUN ct-9320 64 28 ’ ' PUNCT ct-9320 64 29 by by ADP ct-9320 64 30 becoming become VERB ct-9320 64 31 more more ADV ct-9320 64 32 flexible flexible ADJ ct-9320 64 33 . . PUNCT ct-9320 65 1 if if SCONJ ct-9320 65 2 the the DET ct-9320 65 3 stylet stylet NOUN ct-9320 65 4 is be AUX ct-9320 65 5 removed remove VERB ct-9320 65 6 partially partially ADV ct-9320 65 7 and and CCONJ ct-9320 65 8 reinserted reinserte VERB ct-9320 65 9 , , PUNCT ct-9320 65 10 care care NOUN ct-9320 65 11 must must AUX ct-9320 65 12 be be AUX ct-9320 65 13 taken take VERB ct-9320 65 14 not not PART ct-9320 65 15 to to PART ct-9320 65 16 allow allow VERB ct-9320 65 17 stylet stylet NOUN ct-9320 65 18 tip tip NOUN ct-9320 65 19 to to PART ct-9320 65 20 exit exit VERB ct-9320 65 21 the the DET ct-9320 65 22 ‘ ' PUNCT ct-9320 65 23 eye eye NOUN ct-9320 65 24 ’ ' PUNCT ct-9320 65 25 on on ADP ct-9320 65 26 the the DET ct-9320 65 27 side side NOUN ct-9320 65 28 of of ADP ct-9320 65 29 the the DET ct-9320 65 30 catheter catheter NOUN ct-9320 65 31 . . PUNCT ct-9320 66 1 this this PRON ct-9320 66 2 can can AUX ct-9320 66 3 be be AUX ct-9320 66 4 accomplished accomplish VERB ct-9320 66 5 by by ADP ct-9320 66 6 visualizing visualize VERB ct-9320 66 7 the the DET ct-9320 66 8     SPACE ct-9320 66 9 opening opening NOUN ct-9320 66 10 and and CCONJ ct-9320 66 11 ensuring ensure VERB ct-9320 66 12 that that SCONJ ct-9320 66 13 the the DET ct-9320 66 14 stylet stylet NOUN ct-9320 66 15 wire wire NOUN ct-9320 66 16 goes go VERB ct-9320 66 17 beyond beyond ADP ct-9320 66 18 the the DET ct-9320 66 19 ‘ ' PUNCT ct-9320 66 20 eye eye NOUN ct-9320 66 21 ’ ' PUNCT ct-9320 66 22 into into ADP ct-9320 66 23 the the DET ct-9320 66 24 tip tip NOUN ct-9320 66 25 either either CCONJ ct-9320 66 26 through through ADP ct-9320 66 27 the the DET ct-9320 66 28 scope scope NOUN ct-9320 66 29 or or CCONJ ct-9320 66 30 after after ADP ct-9320 66 31 removing remove VERB ct-9320 66 32 the the DET ct-9320 66 33     SPACE ct-9320 66 34 scope scope NOUN ct-9320 66 35 or or CCONJ ct-9320 66 36 catheter catheter VERB ct-9320 66 37 from from ADP ct-9320 66 38 vagina vagina PROPN ct-9320 66 39 . . PUNCT ct-9320 67 1 seemingly seemingly ADV ct-9320 67 2 counter counter VERB ct-9320 67 3 intuitive intuitive ADJ ct-9320 67 4 , , PUNCT ct-9320 67 5 larger large ADJ ct-9320 67 6 dog dog NOUN ct-9320 67 7 cervices cervix NOUN ct-9320 67 8 appear appear VERB ct-9320 67 9 harder hard ADV ct-9320 67 10 to to PART ct-9320 67 11 traverse traverse VERB ct-9320 67 12 than than ADP ct-9320 67 13 smaller small ADJ ct-9320 67 14 dogs dog NOUN ct-9320 67 15 . . PUNCT ct-9320 68 1 author author NOUN ct-9320 68 2 speculates speculate VERB ct-9320 68 3 that that SCONJ ct-9320 68 4 this this PRON ct-9320 68 5 is be AUX ct-9320 68 6 due due ADJ ct-9320 68 7 to to ADP ct-9320 68 8 higher high ADJ ct-9320 68 9 rigidity rigidity NOUN ct-9320 68 10 of of ADP ct-9320 68 11 a a DET ct-9320 68 12 larger large ADJ ct-9320 68 13 cervix cervix NOUN ct-9320 68 14 ( ( PUNCT ct-9320 68 15 makes make VERB ct-9320 68 16 lifting lifting NOUN ct-9320 68 17 of of ADP ct-9320 68 18 the the DET ct-9320 68 19 external external ADJ ct-9320 68 20 cervical cervical ADJ ct-9320 68 21 os os NOUN ct-9320 68 22 to to PART ct-9320 68 23 straighten straighten VERB ct-9320 68 24 it it PRON ct-9320 68 25 out out ADP ct-9320 68 26 more more ADV ct-9320 68 27 difficult difficult ADJ ct-9320 68 28 ) ) PUNCT ct-9320 68 29 . . PUNCT ct-9320 69 1 if if SCONJ ct-9320 69 2 a a DET ct-9320 69 3 smaller small ADJ ct-9320 69 4 ( ( PUNCT ct-9320 69 5 4 4 NUM ct-9320 69 6 french french ADJ ct-9320 69 7 ) ) PUNCT ct-9320 69 8 catheter catheter NOUN ct-9320 69 9 becomes become VERB ct-9320 69 10 difficult difficult ADJ ct-9320 69 11 , , PUNCT ct-9320 69 12 use use NOUN ct-9320 69 13 of of ADP ct-9320 69 14 a a DET ct-9320 69 15 5 5 NUM ct-9320 69 16     SPACE ct-9320 69 17 or or CCONJ ct-9320 69 18 6 6 NUM ct-9320 69 19 french french ADJ ct-9320 69 20 catheter catheter NOUN ct-9320 69 21 might might AUX ct-9320 69 22 improve improve VERB ct-9320 69 23 success success NOUN ct-9320 69 24 . . PUNCT ct-9320 70 1 although although SCONJ ct-9320 70 2 8 8 NUM ct-9320 70 3     SPACE ct-9320 70 4 french french ADJ ct-9320 70 5 catheters catheter NOUN ct-9320 70 6 are be AUX ct-9320 70 7 available available ADJ ct-9320 70 8 , , PUNCT ct-9320 70 9 they they PRON ct-9320 70 10 are be AUX ct-9320 70 11 used use VERB ct-9320 70 12 almost almost ADV ct-9320 70 13 exclusively exclusively ADV ct-9320 70 14 for for ADP ct-9320 70 15 diagnostic diagnostic ADJ ct-9320 70 16 purposes purpose NOUN ct-9320 70 17 in in ADP ct-9320 70 18 author author NOUN ct-9320 70 19 ’s ’s PART ct-9320 70 20 practice practice NOUN ct-9320 70 21 . . PUNCT ct-9320 71 1 insemination insemination NOUN ct-9320 71 2 author author NOUN ct-9320 71 3 typically typically ADV ct-9320 71 4 does do AUX ct-9320 71 5 not not PART ct-9320 71 6 thaw thaw NOUN ct-9320 71 7 frozen frozen ADJ ct-9320 71 8 semen semen NOUN ct-9320 71 9 until until SCONJ ct-9320 71 10 the the DET ct-9320 71 11 catheter catheter NOUN ct-9320 71 12 has have AUX ct-9320 71 13 successfully successfully ADV ct-9320 71 14 been be AUX ct-9320 71 15 advanced advance VERB ct-9320 71 16 into into ADP ct-9320 71 17 uterus uterus NOUN ct-9320 71 18 . . PUNCT ct-9320 72 1 this this PRON ct-9320 72 2 necessitates necessitate VERB ct-9320 72 3 additional additional ADJ ct-9320 72 4 labor labor NOUN ct-9320 72 5 but but CCONJ ct-9320 72 6 avoids avoid VERB ct-9320 72 7 semen semen NOUN ct-9320 72 8 remaining remain VERB ct-9320 72 9 in in ADP ct-9320 72 10 thawed thawed ADJ ct-9320 72 11 condition condition NOUN ct-9320 72 12 for for ADP ct-9320 72 13 an an DET ct-9320 72 14 excessive excessive ADJ ct-9320 72 15 interval interval NOUN ct-9320 72 16 if if SCONJ ct-9320 72 17 catheter catheter NOUN ct-9320 72 18 insertion insertion NOUN ct-9320 72 19 becomes become VERB ct-9320 72 20 difficult difficult ADJ ct-9320 72 21 . . PUNCT ct-9320 73 1 chilled chill VERB ct-9320 73 2 semen semen NOUN ct-9320 73 3 is be AUX ct-9320 73 4 kept keep VERB ct-9320 73 5 in in ADP ct-9320 73 6 the the DET ct-9320 73 7 shipper shipper NOUN ct-9320 73 8 , , PUNCT ct-9320 73 9 whereas whereas SCONJ ct-9320 73 10 fresh fresh ADJ ct-9320 73 11 semen semen NOUN ct-9320 73 12 is be AUX ct-9320 73 13 kept keep VERB ct-9320 73 14 at at ADP ct-9320 73 15 room room NOUN ct-9320 73 16 temperature temperature NOUN ct-9320 73 17 away away ADV ct-9320 73 18 from from ADP ct-9320 73 19 light light NOUN ct-9320 73 20 until until SCONJ ct-9320 73 21 inseminated inseminate VERB ct-9320 73 22 . . PUNCT ct-9320 74 1 if if SCONJ ct-9320 74 2 fresh fresh ADJ ct-9320 74 3 or or CCONJ ct-9320 74 4 chilled chill VERB ct-9320 74 5 semen semen NOUN ct-9320 74 6 volume volume NOUN ct-9320 74 7 is be AUX ct-9320 74 8 excessive excessive ADJ ct-9320 74 9 , , PUNCT ct-9320 74 10 semen semen NOUN ct-9320 74 11 is be AUX ct-9320 74 12 centrifuged centrifuge VERB ct-9320 74 13 to to ADP ct-9320 74 14 an an DET ct-9320 74 15 amount amount NOUN ct-9320 74 16 adequate adequate ADJ ct-9320 74 17 for for ADP ct-9320 74 18 dog dog NOUN ct-9320 74 19 size size NOUN ct-9320 74 20 . . PUNCT ct-9320 75 1 in in ADP ct-9320 75 2 some some DET ct-9320 75 3 instances instance NOUN ct-9320 75 4 , , PUNCT ct-9320 75 5 it it PRON ct-9320 75 6 is be AUX ct-9320 75 7 a a DET ct-9320 75 8 ‘ ' PUNCT ct-9320 75 9 judgement judgement NOUN ct-9320 75 10 call call NOUN ct-9320 75 11 ’ ' PUNCT ct-9320 75 12 with with ADP ct-9320 75 13 regards regard NOUN ct-9320 75 14 to to ADP ct-9320 75 15 whether whether SCONJ ct-9320 75 16 centrifugation centrifugation NOUN ct-9320 75 17 or or CCONJ ct-9320 75 18 retrograde retrograde ADJ ct-9320 75 19 leakage leakage NOUN ct-9320 75 20 will will AUX ct-9320 75 21 result result VERB ct-9320 75 22 in in ADP ct-9320 75 23 the the DET ct-9320 75 24 greatest great ADJ ct-9320 75 25 loss loss NOUN ct-9320 75 26 of of ADP ct-9320 75 27 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9320 75 28 . . PUNCT ct-9320 76 1 insemination insemination NOUN ct-9320 76 2 proceeds proceed VERB ct-9320 76 3 slowly slowly ADV ct-9320 76 4 with with ADP ct-9320 76 5 constant constant ADJ ct-9320 76 6 visualization visualization NOUN ct-9320 76 7 of of ADP ct-9320 76 8 the the DET ct-9320 76 9 external external ADJ ct-9320 76 10 cervical cervical ADJ ct-9320 76 11 os os NOUN ct-9320 76 12 for for ADP ct-9320 76 13 retrograde retrograde ADJ ct-9320 76 14 leakage leakage NOUN ct-9320 76 15 . . PUNCT ct-9320 77 1 following follow VERB ct-9320 77 2 insemination insemination NOUN ct-9320 77 3 , , PUNCT ct-9320 77 4 catheter catheter NOUN ct-9320 77 5 retrieval retrieval NOUN ct-9320 77 6 involves involve VERB ct-9320 77 7 removing remove VERB ct-9320 77 8 the the DET ct-9320 77 9 entire entire ADJ ct-9320 77 10 scope scope NOUN ct-9320 77 11 with with ADP ct-9320 77 12 catheter catheter NOUN ct-9320 77 13 still still ADV ct-9320 77 14 extended extend VERB ct-9320 77 15 rather rather ADV ct-9320 77 16 than than ADP ct-9320 77 17 retracting retract VERB ct-9320 77 18 the the DET ct-9320 77 19 catheter catheter NOUN ct-9320 77 20 into into ADP ct-9320 77 21 the the DET ct-9320 77 22 scope scope NOUN ct-9320 77 23 first first ADV ct-9320 77 24 . . PUNCT ct-9320 78 1 in in ADP ct-9320 78 2 the the DET ct-9320 78 3 author author NOUN ct-9320 78 4 ’s ’s PART ct-9320 78 5 practice practice NOUN ct-9320 78 6 , , PUNCT ct-9320 78 7 one one NUM ct-9320 78 8 catheter catheter NOUN ct-9320 78 9 broke break VERB ct-9320 78 10 at at ADP ct-9320 78 11 withdrawal withdrawal NOUN ct-9320 78 12 to to ADP ct-9320 78 13 scope scope NOUN ct-9320 78 14 before before ADP ct-9320 78 15 removal removal NOUN ct-9320 78 16 , , PUNCT ct-9320 78 17 necessitating necessitate VERB ct-9320 78 18 surgery surgery NOUN ct-9320 78 19 to to PART ct-9320 78 20 retrieve retrieve VERB ct-9320 78 21 the the DET ct-9320 78 22 retained retain VERB ct-9320 78 23 piece piece NOUN ct-9320 78 24 from from ADP ct-9320 78 25 uterus uterus NOUN ct-9320 78 26 . . PUNCT ct-9320 79 1 final final ADJ ct-9320 79 2 thoughts thought NOUN ct-9320 79 3 from from ADP ct-9320 79 4 an an DET ct-9320 79 5 animal animal NOUN ct-9320 79 6 pain pain NOUN ct-9320 79 7 and and CCONJ ct-9320 79 8 stress stress NOUN ct-9320 79 9 perspective perspective NOUN ct-9320 79 10 , , PUNCT ct-9320 79 11 endoscope endoscope NOUN ct-9320 79 12 - - PUNCT ct-9320 79 13 assisted assist VERB ct-9320 79 14 tci tci NOUN ct-9320 79 15 is be AUX ct-9320 79 16 superior superior ADJ ct-9320 79 17 to to ADP ct-9320 79 18 surgical surgical ADJ ct-9320 79 19 ai ai NOUN ct-9320 79 20 when when SCONJ ct-9320 79 21 frozen frozen ADJ ct-9320 79 22 semen semen NOUN ct-9320 79 23 used use VERB ct-9320 79 24 . . PUNCT ct-9320 80 1 in in ADP ct-9320 80 2 parts part NOUN ct-9320 80 3 of of ADP ct-9320 80 4 europe europe PROPN ct-9320 80 5 ( ( PUNCT ct-9320 80 6 norway norway PROPN ct-9320 80 7 , , PUNCT ct-9320 80 8 sweden sweden PROPN ct-9320 80 9 , , PUNCT ct-9320 80 10 uk uk PROPN ct-9320 80 11 ) ) PUNCT ct-9320 80 12 , , PUNCT ct-9320 80 13 canine canine VERB ct-9320 80 14 surgical surgical ADJ ct-9320 80 15 ai ai NOUN ct-9320 80 16 has have AUX ct-9320 80 17 been be AUX ct-9320 80 18 banned ban VERB ct-9320 80 19 because because SCONJ ct-9320 80 20 it it PRON ct-9320 80 21 is be AUX ct-9320 80 22 considered consider VERB ct-9320 80 23 as as ADP ct-9320 80 24 an an DET ct-9320 80 25 invasive invasive ADJ ct-9320 80 26 technique technique NOUN ct-9320 80 27 interfering interfere VERB ct-9320 80 28 with with ADP ct-9320 80 29 animal animal NOUN ct-9320 80 30 welfare.11 welfare.11 VERB ct-9320 80 31 international international ADJ ct-9320 80 32 breeding breeding NOUN ct-9320 80 33 rules rule NOUN ct-9320 80 34 of of ADP ct-9320 80 35 the the DET ct-9320 80 36 federation federation NOUN ct-9320 80 37 cynologique cynologique PROPN ct-9320 80 38 internationale internationale PROPN ct-9320 80 39 ( ( PUNCT ct-9320 80 40 fci fci NOUN ct-9320 80 41 ) ) PUNCT ct-9320 80 42 states state VERB ct-9320 80 43 that that SCONJ ct-9320 80 44 ‘ ' PUNCT ct-9320 80 45 dogs dog NOUN ct-9320 80 46 should should AUX ct-9320 80 47 be be AUX ct-9320 80 48 able able ADJ ct-9320 80 49 to to PART ct-9320 80 50 reproduce reproduce VERB ct-9320 80 51 naturally naturally ADV ct-9320 80 52 . . PUNCT ct-9320 81 1 ai ai VERB ct-9320 81 2 should should AUX ct-9320 81 3 not not PART ct-9320 81 4 be be AUX ct-9320 81 5 used use VERB ct-9320 81 6 on on ADP ct-9320 81 7 animals animal NOUN ct-9320 81 8 which which PRON ct-9320 81 9 have have AUX ct-9320 81 10 not not PART ct-9320 81 11 reproduced reproduce VERB ct-9320 81 12 naturally naturally ADV ct-9320 81 13 before before ADV ct-9320 81 14 . . PUNCT ct-9320 82 1 exceptions exception NOUN ct-9320 82 2 can can AUX ct-9320 82 3 be be AUX ct-9320 82 4 made make VERB ct-9320 82 5 by by ADP ct-9320 82 6 the the DET ct-9320 82 7 national national PROPN ct-9320 82 8 canine canine PROPN ct-9320 82 9 organizations organization NOUN ct-9320 82 10 to to PART ct-9320 82 11 improve improve VERB ct-9320 82 12 the the DET ct-9320 82 13 health health NOUN ct-9320 82 14 of of ADP ct-9320 82 15 the the DET ct-9320 82 16 breed breed NOUN ct-9320 82 17 , , PUNCT ct-9320 82 18 for for ADP ct-9320 82 19 the the DET ct-9320 82 20 welfare welfare NOUN ct-9320 82 21 of of ADP ct-9320 82 22 the the DET ct-9320 82 23 bitch bitch NOUN ct-9320 82 24 or or CCONJ ct-9320 82 25 to to PART ct-9320 82 26 preserve preserve VERB ct-9320 82 27 or or CCONJ ct-9320 82 28 increase increase VERB ct-9320 82 29 the the DET ct-9320 82 30 genetic genetic ADJ ct-9320 82 31 pool pool NOUN ct-9320 82 32 of of ADP ct-9320 82 33 the the DET ct-9320 82 34 breed’.12 breed’.12 NOUN ct-9320 82 35 although although SCONJ ct-9320 82 36 most most ADJ ct-9320 82 37 of of ADP ct-9320 82 38 europe europe PROPN ct-9320 82 39 , , PUNCT ct-9320 82 40 asia asia PROPN ct-9320 82 41 , , PUNCT ct-9320 82 42 south south PROPN ct-9320 82 43 america america PROPN ct-9320 82 44 , , PUNCT ct-9320 82 45 and and CCONJ ct-9320 82 46 oceania oceania PROPN ct-9320 82 47 are be AUX ct-9320 82 48 fci fci PROPN ct-9320 82 49 members member NOUN ct-9320 82 50 , , PUNCT ct-9320 82 51 united united ADJ ct-9320 82 52 kingdom kingdom PROPN ct-9320 82 53 , , PUNCT ct-9320 82 54 united united PROPN ct-9320 82 55 states states PROPN ct-9320 82 56 , , PUNCT ct-9320 82 57 and and CCONJ ct-9320 82 58 canada canada PROPN ct-9320 82 59 are be AUX ct-9320 82 60 not not PART ct-9320 82 61 . . PUNCT ct-9320 83 1 it it PRON ct-9320 83 2 will will AUX ct-9320 83 3 be be AUX ct-9320 83 4 interesting interesting ADJ ct-9320 83 5 to to PART ct-9320 83 6 monitor monitor VERB ct-9320 83 7 if if SCONJ ct-9320 83 8 these these DET ct-9320 83 9 philosophies philosophy NOUN ct-9320 83 10 become become VERB ct-9320 83 11 universal universal ADJ ct-9320 83 12 in in ADP ct-9320 83 13 the the DET ct-9320 83 14 future future NOUN ct-9320 83 15 . . PUNCT ct-9320 84 1 for for ADP ct-9320 84 2 the the DET ct-9320 84 3 ultimate ultimate ADJ ct-9320 84 4 question question NOUN ct-9320 84 5 to to ADP ct-9320 84 6 our our PRON ct-9320 84 7 profession profession NOUN ct-9320 84 8 regarding regard VERB ct-9320 84 9 endoscope endoscope NOUN ct-9320 84 10 - - PUNCT ct-9320 84 11 assisted assist VERB ct-9320 84 12 tci tci NOUN ct-9320 84 13 is be AUX ct-9320 84 14 , , PUNCT ct-9320 84 15 just just ADV ct-9320 84 16 because because SCONJ ct-9320 84 17 we we PRON ct-9320 84 18 can can AUX ct-9320 84 19 , , PUNCT ct-9320 84 20 should should AUX ct-9320 84 21 we we PRON ct-9320 84 22 ? ? PUNCT ct-9320 85 1 conflict conflict NOUN ct-9320 85 2 of of ADP ct-9320 85 3 interest interest NOUN ct-9320 85 4 authors author NOUN ct-9320 85 5 disclose disclose VERB ct-9320 85 6 no no DET ct-9320 85 7 conflicts conflict NOUN ct-9320 85 8 of of ADP ct-9320 85 9 interest interest NOUN ct-9320 85 10 . . PUNCT ct-9320 86 1 acknowledgment acknowledgment NOUN ct-9320 86 2 author author NOUN ct-9320 86 3 expresses express VERB ct-9320 86 4 gratitude gratitude NOUN ct-9320 86 5 to to ADP ct-9320 86 6 charles charles PROPN ct-9320 86 7 estill estill PROPN ct-9320 86 8 , , PUNCT ct-9320 86 9 eleas eleas PROPN ct-9320 86 10 wu wu PROPN ct-9320 86 11 , , PUNCT ct-9320 86 12 vanessa vanessa PROPN ct-9320 86 13 peixoto peixoto PROPN ct-9320 86 14 de de PROPN ct-9320 86 15 souza souza PROPN ct-9320 86 16 , , PUNCT ct-9320 86 17 and and CCONJ ct-9320 86 18 olivia olivia PROPN ct-9320 86 19 stricklin stricklin NOUN ct-9320 86 20 for for ADP ct-9320 86 21 cohorts cohort NOUN ct-9320 86 22 in in ADP ct-9320 86 23 the the DET ct-9320 86 24 adventure adventure NOUN ct-9320 86 25 of of ADP ct-9320 86 26 trial trial NOUN ct-9320 86 27 and and CCONJ ct-9320 86 28 error error NOUN ct-9320 86 29 to to PART ct-9320 86 30 find find VERB ct-9320 86 31 some some PRON ct-9320 86 32 of of ADP ct-9320 86 33 the the DET ct-9320 86 34 procedures procedure NOUN ct-9320 86 35 described describe VERB ct-9320 86 36 . . PUNCT ct-9320 87 1 references reference NOUN ct-9320 87 2 1 1 NUM ct-9320 87 3 . . PUNCT ct-9320 88 1 ombelet ombelet PROPN ct-9320 88 2 w w PROPN ct-9320 88 3 , , PUNCT ct-9320 88 4 van van PROPN ct-9320 88 5 robays robay VERB ct-9320 88 6 j j NOUN ct-9320 88 7 : : PUNCT ct-9320 88 8 artificial artificial ADJ ct-9320 88 9 insemination insemination NOUN ct-9320 88 10 history history NOUN ct-9320 88 11 : : PUNCT ct-9320 88 12 hurdles hurdle NOUN ct-9320 88 13 and and CCONJ ct-9320 88 14 milestones milestone NOUN ct-9320 88 15 . . PUNCT ct-9320 89 1 facts fact NOUN ct-9320 89 2 views view NOUN ct-9320 89 3 vis vis X ct-9320 89 4 obgyn obgyn PROPN ct-9320 89 5 2015;7:137–143 2015;7:137–143 NUM ct-9320 89 6 . . PUNCT ct-9320 90 1 2 2 NUM ct-9320 90 2 . . X ct-9320 90 3 bowen bowen PROPN ct-9320 90 4 jm jm PROPN ct-9320 90 5 : : PUNCT ct-9320 90 6 artificial artificial ADJ ct-9320 90 7 insemination insemination NOUN ct-9320 90 8 in in ADP ct-9320 90 9 the the DET ct-9320 90 10 horse horse NOUN ct-9320 90 11 . . PUNCT ct-9320 91 1 equine equine PROPN ct-9320 91 2 vet vet PROPN ct-9320 91 3 j j PROPN ct-9320 91 4 1969;1:98–110 1969;1:98–110 PROPN ct-9320 91 5 . . PUNCT ct-9320 92 1 doi doi NOUN ct-9320 92 2 : : PUNCT ct-9320 92 3 10.1111 10.1111 NUM ct-9320 92 4 / / SYM ct-9320 92 5 j.2042 j.2042 PROPN ct-9320 92 6 - - PUNCT ct-9320 92 7 3306.1969.tb03355.x 3306.1969.tb03355.x PROPN ct-9320 92 8 3 3 NUM ct-9320 92 9 . . PUNCT ct-9320 93 1 fielden fielden PROPN ct-9320 94 1 ed ed NOUN ct-9320 94 2 : : PUNCT ct-9320 94 3 artificial artificial ADJ ct-9320 94 4 insemination insemination NOUN ct-9320 94 5 in in ADP ct-9320 94 6 the the DET ct-9320 94 7 dog dog NOUN ct-9320 94 8 . . PUNCT ct-9320 95 1 n n PROPN ct-9320 95 2 z z PROPN ct-9320 95 3 vet vet NOUN ct-9320 95 4 j j PROPN ct-9320 95 5 1971;19:178–184 1971;19:178–184 PROPN ct-9320 95 6 . . PUNCT ct-9320 96 1 doi doi NOUN ct-9320 96 2 : : PUNCT ct-9320 96 3 10.1080/00480169.1971.33962 10.1080/00480169.1971.33962 PROPN ct-9320 96 4 4 4 NUM ct-9320 96 5 . . PUNCT ct-9320 96 6 given give VERB ct-9320 96 7 w w PROPN ct-9320 96 8 : : PUNCT ct-9320 96 9 the the DET ct-9320 96 10 411 411 NUM ct-9320 96 11 on on ADP ct-9320 96 12 frozen frozen ADJ ct-9320 96 13 semen semen NOUN ct-9320 96 14 . . PUNCT ct-9320 97 1 canine canine PROPN ct-9320 97 2 chronicle chronicle PROPN ct-9320 97 3 2017 2017 NUM ct-9320 97 4 ; ; PUNCT ct-9320 97 5 42(8):134–138 42(8):134–138 PROPN ct-9320 97 6 . . PUNCT ct-9320 98 1 5 5 NUM ct-9320 98 2 . . X ct-9320 98 3 leonard leonard PROPN ct-9320 98 4 ep ep PROPN ct-9320 98 5 : : PUNCT ct-9320 98 6 dogs dog NOUN ct-9320 98 7 . . PUNCT ct-9320 99 1 in in ADP ct-9320 99 2 : : PUNCT ct-9320 99 3 perry perry PROPN ct-9320 99 4 e e PROPN ct-9320 99 5 , , PUNCT ct-9320 99 6 ed ed NOUN ct-9320 99 7 . . PUNCT ct-9320 100 1 the the DET ct-9320 100 2 artificial artificial ADJ ct-9320 100 3 insemination insemination NOUN ct-9320 100 4 of of ADP ct-9320 100 5 farm farm NOUN ct-9320 100 6 animals animal NOUN ct-9320 100 7 . . PUNCT ct-9320 101 1 4th 4th ADJ ct-9320 101 2 ed ed NOUN ct-9320 101 3 . . PUNCT ct-9320 102 1 new new PROPN ct-9320 102 2 brunswick brunswick PROPN ct-9320 102 3 , , PUNCT ct-9320 102 4 nj nj PROPN ct-9320 102 5 : : PUNCT ct-9320 102 6 rutgers rutgers PROPN ct-9320 102 7 university university PROPN ct-9320 102 8 press press NOUN ct-9320 102 9 ; ; PUNCT ct-9320 102 10 1968 1968 NUM ct-9320 102 11 , , PUNCT ct-9320 102 12 p. p. NOUN ct-9320 102 13 310 310 NUM ct-9320 102 14 . . NOUN ct-9320 103 1 6 6 NUM ct-9320 103 2 . . X ct-9320 103 3 silva silva PROPN ct-9320 103 4 ld ld PROPN ct-9320 103 5 , , PUNCT ct-9320 103 6 onclin onclin PROPN ct-9320 103 7 k k NOUN ct-9320 103 8 , , PUNCT ct-9320 103 9 snaps snap VERB ct-9320 103 10 f f NOUN ct-9320 103 11 , , PUNCT ct-9320 103 12 et et PROPN ct-9320 103 13 al al PROPN ct-9320 103 14 : : PUNCT ct-9320 103 15 laparoscopic laparoscopic VERB ct-9320 103 16 intrauterine intrauterine ADJ ct-9320 103 17 insemination insemination NOUN ct-9320 103 18 in in ADP ct-9320 103 19 the the DET ct-9320 103 20 bitch bitch NOUN ct-9320 103 21 . . PUNCT ct-9320 104 1 theriogenology theriogenology NOUN ct-9320 104 2 43;1995:615–623 43;1995:615–623 NUM ct-9320 104 3 . . PUNCT ct-9320 105 1 doi doi NOUN ct-9320 105 2 : : PUNCT ct-9320 105 3 10.1016/0093 10.1016/0093 NUM ct-9320 105 4 - - PUNCT ct-9320 105 5 691x(94)00067 691x(94)00067 NUM ct-9320 105 6 - - SYM ct-9320 105 7 5 5 NUM ct-9320 105 8 7 7 NUM ct-9320 105 9 . . PUNCT ct-9320 106 1 mason mason PROPN ct-9320 106 2 sj sj PROPN ct-9320 106 3 : : PUNCT ct-9320 106 4 current current ADJ ct-9320 106 5 review review NOUN ct-9320 106 6 of of ADP ct-9320 106 7 artificial artificial ADJ ct-9320 106 8 insemination insemination NOUN ct-9320 106 9 in in ADP ct-9320 106 10 dogs dog NOUN ct-9320 106 11 . . PUNCT ct-9320 107 1 vet vet NOUN ct-9320 107 2 clin clin PROPN ct-9320 107 3 n n PRON ct-9320 107 4 am be AUX ct-9320 107 5 small small ADJ ct-9320 107 6 anim anim NOUN ct-9320 107 7 pract pract PROPN ct-9320 107 8 2018;48:567–580 2018;48:567–580 PROPN ct-9320 107 9 . . PUNCT ct-9320 108 1 doi doi NOUN ct-9320 108 2 : : PUNCT ct-9320 108 3 10.1016 10.1016 NUM ct-9320 108 4 / / SYM ct-9320 108 5 j. j. PROPN ct-9320 108 6 cvsm.2018.02.005 cvsm.2018.02.005 PROPN ct-9320 109 1 8 8 X ct-9320 109 2 . . PUNCT ct-9320 109 3 mason mason PROPN ct-9320 109 4 sj sj PROPN ct-9320 109 5 , , PUNCT ct-9320 109 6 rous rous ADJ ct-9320 109 7 nr nr NOUN ct-9320 109 8 : : PUNCT ct-9320 109 9 comparison comparison NOUN ct-9320 109 10 of of ADP ct-9320 109 11 endoscopic endoscopic ADJ ct-9320 109 12 - - PUNCT ct-9320 109 13 assisted assist VERB ct-9320 109 14 transcervical transcervical ADJ ct-9320 109 15 and and CCONJ ct-9320 109 16 laparotomy laparotomy NOUN ct-9320 109 17 insemination insemination NOUN ct-9320 109 18 with with ADP ct-9320 109 19 frozen frozen ADJ ct-9320 109 20 - - PUNCT ct-9320 109 21 thawed thaw VERB ct-9320 109 22 dog dog NOUN ct-9320 109 23 semen semen NOUN ct-9320 109 24 : : PUNCT ct-9320 109 25 a a DET ct-9320 109 26 retrospective retrospective ADJ ct-9320 109 27 clinical clinical ADJ ct-9320 109 28 study study NOUN ct-9320 109 29 . . PUNCT ct-9320 110 1 theriogenology theriogenology NOUN ct-9320 110 2 2014 2014 NUM ct-9320 110 3 ; ; PUNCT ct-9320 110 4 82:844–850 82:844–850 NUM ct-9320 110 5 . . PUNCT ct-9320 111 1 doi doi NOUN ct-9320 111 2 : : PUNCT ct-9320 111 3 10.1016 10.1016 NUM ct-9320 111 4 / / SYM ct-9320 111 5 j.theriogenology.2014.06.014 j.theriogenology.2014.06.014 PROPN ct-9320 111 6 9 9 NUM ct-9320 111 7 . . PUNCT ct-9320 111 8 shariati shariati PROPN ct-9320 111 9 e e PROPN ct-9320 111 10 , , PUNCT ct-9320 111 11 bakhtiari bakhtiari PROPN ct-9320 111 12 j j PROPN ct-9320 111 13 , , PUNCT ct-9320 111 14 khalaj khalaj VERB ct-9320 111 15 a a PRON ct-9320 111 16 , , PUNCT ct-9320 111 17 et et PROPN ct-9320 111 18 al al PROPN ct-9320 111 19 : : PUNCT ct-9320 111 20 comparison comparison NOUN ct-9320 111 21 between between ADP ct-9320 111 22 two two NUM ct-9320 111 23 portal portal ADJ ct-9320 111 24 laparoscopy laparoscopy NOUN ct-9320 111 25 and and CCONJ ct-9320 111 26 open open VERB ct-9320 111 27 surgery surgery NOUN ct-9320 111 28 for for ADP ct-9320 111 29 ovariectomy ovariectomy NOUN ct-9320 111 30 in in ADP ct-9320 111 31 dogs dog NOUN ct-9320 111 32 . . PUNCT ct-9320 112 1 vet vet NOUN ct-9320 112 2 res re NOUN ct-9320 112 3 forum forum PROPN ct-9320 112 4 2014;5:219–223 2014;5:219–223 NUM ct-9320 112 5 . . PUNCT ct-9320 113 1 10 10 NUM ct-9320 113 2 . . PUNCT ct-9320 114 1 davidson davidson PROPN ct-9320 114 2 e e PROPN ct-9320 114 3 , , PUNCT ct-9320 114 4 moll moll PROPN ct-9320 114 5 h h PROPN ct-9320 114 6 , , PUNCT ct-9320 114 7 payton payton PROPN ct-9320 114 8 m m PROPN ct-9320 114 9 : : PUNCT ct-9320 114 10 comparison comparison NOUN ct-9320 114 11 of of ADP ct-9320 114 12 laparoscopic laparoscopic NOUN ct-9320 114 13 ovariectomy ovariectomy NOUN ct-9320 114 14 and and CCONJ ct-9320 114 15 ovariohysterectomy ovariohysterectomy ADV ct-9320 114 16 in in ADP ct-9320 114 17 dogs dog NOUN ct-9320 114 18 . . PUNCT ct-9320 115 1 vet vet NOUN ct-9320 115 2 surg surg NOUN ct-9320 115 3 2004;33:62–69 2004;33:62–69 NUM ct-9320 115 4 . . PUNCT ct-9320 116 1 doi doi NOUN ct-9320 116 2 : : PUNCT ct-9320 116 3 10.1111 10.1111 NUM ct-9320 116 4 / / SYM ct-9320 116 5 j.1532 j.1532 PROPN ct-9320 116 6 - - ADJ ct-9320 116 7 950x.2004.04003.x 950x.2004.04003.x NUM ct-9320 116 8 11 11 NUM ct-9320 116 9 . . PUNCT ct-9320 117 1 quartuccio quartuccio PROPN ct-9320 117 2 m m PROPN ct-9320 117 3 , , PUNCT ct-9320 117 4 biondi biondi PROPN ct-9320 117 5 v v NOUN ct-9320 117 6 , , PUNCT ct-9320 117 7 liotto liotto ADJ ct-9320 117 8 l l NOUN ct-9320 117 9 , , PUNCT ct-9320 117 10 et et PROPN ct-9320 117 11 al al PROPN ct-9320 117 12 : : PUNCT ct-9320 117 13 legislative legislative ADJ ct-9320 117 14 and and CCONJ ct-9320 117 15 ethical ethical ADJ ct-9320 117 16 aspects aspect NOUN ct-9320 117 17 of of ADP ct-9320 117 18 canine canine ADJ ct-9320 117 19 artificial artificial ADJ ct-9320 117 20 insemination insemination NOUN ct-9320 117 21 in in ADP ct-9320 117 22 the the DET ct-9320 117 23 21st 21st ADJ ct-9320 117 24 century century NOUN ct-9320 117 25 . . PUNCT ct-9320 118 1 italian italian ADJ ct-9320 118 2     SPACE ct-9320 118 3 j j PROPN ct-9320 118 4 anim anim NOUN ct-9320 118 5 sci sci PROPN ct-9320 118 6 2020;19:630–643 2020;19:630–643 PROPN ct-9320 118 7 . . PUNCT ct-9320 119 1 doi doi NOUN ct-9320 119 2 : : PUNCT ct-9320 119 3 10.1080/1828 10.1080/1828 NUM ct-9320 119 4 051x.2020.1775503 051x.2020.1775503 NOUN ct-9320 119 5 12 12 NUM ct-9320 119 6 . . PUNCT ct-9320 120 1 international international ADJ ct-9320 120 2 breeding breeding NOUN ct-9320 120 3 rules rule NOUN ct-9320 120 4 of of ADP ct-9320 120 5 the the DET ct-9320 120 6 fci fci PROPN ct-9320 120 7 ( ( PUNCT ct-9320 120 8 federation federation PROPN ct-9320 120 9 cynologique cynologique PROPN ct-9320 120 10 internationale internationale PROPN ct-9320 120 11 ) ) PUNCT ct-9320 120 12 . . PUNCT ct-9320 121 1 [ [ X ct-9320 121 2 cited cite VERB ct-9320 121 3 2022 2022 NUM ct-9320 121 4 jan jan PROPN ct-9320 121 5 12 12 NUM ct-9320 121 6 ] ] PUNCT ct-9320 121 7 . . PUNCT ct-9320 122 1 available available ADJ ct-9320 122 2 from from ADP ct-9320 122 3 : : PUNCT ct-9320 122 4 http://www http://www PROPN ct-9320 122 5 . . PROPN ct-9320 122 6 fci.be/medias/ele-reg-en-10990.pdf fci.be/medias/ele-reg-en-10990.pdf PROPN ct-9320 122 7 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9320 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9320 PROPN ct-9320 122 8 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-3306.1969.tb03355.x http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-3306.1969.tb03355.x PROPN ct-9320 122 9 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00480169.1971.33962 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00480169.1971.33962 NOUN ct-9320 122 10 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0093-691x(94)00067-5 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0093-691x(94)00067-5 PROPN ct-9320 122 11 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cvsm.2018.02.005 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cvsm.2018.02.005 PROPN ct-9320 122 12 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cvsm.2018.02.005 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cvsm.2018.02.005 PROPN ct-9320 122 13 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.06.014 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.06.014 PROPN ct-9320 123 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-950x.2004.04003.x http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-950x.2004.04003.x PRON ct-9320 124 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1828​051x.2020.1775503 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1828​051x.2020.1775503 NOUN ct-9320 125 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1828​051x.2020.1775503 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1828​051x.2020.1775503 PROPN ct-9320 125 2 http://www.fci.be/medias/ele-reg-en-10990.pdf http://www.fci.be/medias/ele-reg-en-10990.pdf PROPN ct-9320 125 3 http://www.fci.be/medias/ele-reg-en-10990.pdf http://www.fci.be/medias/ele-reg-en-10990.pdf PROPN