id sid tid token lemma pos ct-9620 1 1 contact contact PROPN ct-9620 1 2 jessica jessica PROPN ct-9620 1 3 cowley cowley PROPN ct-9620 1 4 j.cowley@auburn.edu j.cowley@auburn.edu PROPN ct-9620 2 1 © © PROPN ct-9620 2 2 2023 2023 NUM ct-9620 2 3 the the DET ct-9620 2 4 author(s author(s NOUN ct-9620 2 5 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 2 6 . . PUNCT ct-9620 3 1 this this PRON ct-9620 3 2 is be AUX ct-9620 3 3 an an DET ct-9620 3 4 open open ADJ ct-9620 3 5 access access NOUN ct-9620 3 6 article article NOUN ct-9620 3 7 distributed distribute VERB ct-9620 3 8 under under ADP ct-9620 3 9 the the DET ct-9620 3 10 terms term NOUN ct-9620 3 11 of of ADP ct-9620 3 12 the the DET ct-9620 3 13 creative creative ADJ ct-9620 3 14 commons common NOUN ct-9620 3 15 attribution attribution NOUN ct-9620 3 16 - - PUNCT ct-9620 3 17 noncommercial noncommercial ADJ ct-9620 3 18 4.0 4.0 NUM ct-9620 3 19 international international ADJ ct-9620 3 20 license license NOUN ct-9620 3 21 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 3 22 http:// http:// PROPN ct-9620 3 23 creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ NOUN ct-9620 3 24 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 3 25 , , PUNCT ct-9620 3 26 permitting permit VERB ct-9620 3 27 all all DET ct-9620 3 28 noncommercial noncommercial ADJ ct-9620 3 29 use use NOUN ct-9620 3 30 , , PUNCT ct-9620 3 31 distribution distribution NOUN ct-9620 3 32 , , PUNCT ct-9620 3 33 and and CCONJ ct-9620 3 34 reproduction reproduction NOUN ct-9620 3 35 in in ADP ct-9620 3 36 any any DET ct-9620 3 37 medium medium NOUN ct-9620 3 38 , , PUNCT ct-9620 3 39 provided provide VERB ct-9620 3 40 the the DET ct-9620 3 41 original original ADJ ct-9620 3 42 work work NOUN ct-9620 3 43 is be AUX ct-9620 3 44 properly properly ADV ct-9620 3 45 cited cite VERB ct-9620 3 46 . . PUNCT ct-9620 4 1 citation citation NOUN ct-9620 4 2 line line NOUN ct-9620 4 3 : : PUNCT ct-9620 4 4 clinical clinical ADJ ct-9620 4 5 theriogenology theriogenology NOUN ct-9620 4 6 2023 2023 NUM ct-9620 4 7 , , PUNCT ct-9620 4 8 15 15 NUM ct-9620 4 9 , , PUNCT ct-9620 4 10 9620 9620 NUM ct-9620 4 11 , , PUNCT ct-9620 4 12 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9620 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9620 PROPN ct-9620 4 13 review review PROPN ct-9620 4 14 report report VERB ct-9620 4 15 a a DET ct-9620 4 16 review review NOUN ct-9620 4 17 of of ADP ct-9620 4 18 small small ADJ ct-9620 4 19 ruminant ruminant NOUN ct-9620 4 20 cesarean cesarean PROPN ct-9620 4 21 section section NOUN ct-9620 4 22 : : PUNCT ct-9620 4 23 case case NOUN ct-9620 4 24 selection selection NOUN ct-9620 4 25 , , PUNCT ct-9620 4 26 surgical surgical ADJ ct-9620 4 27 techniques technique NOUN ct-9620 4 28 , , PUNCT ct-9620 4 29 care care NOUN ct-9620 4 30 of of ADP ct-9620 4 31 the the DET ct-9620 4 32 neonates neonate NOUN ct-9620 4 33 , , PUNCT ct-9620 4 34 and and CCONJ ct-9620 4 35 postoperative postoperative ADJ ct-9620 4 36 care care NOUN ct-9620 4 37 of of ADP ct-9620 4 38 the the DET ct-9620 4 39 dam dam PROPN ct-9620 4 40 jessica jessica PROPN ct-9620 4 41 cowley cowley PROPN ct-9620 4 42 , , PUNCT ct-9620 4 43 jenna jenna PROPN ct-9620 4 44 stockler stockler PROPN ct-9620 4 45 , , PUNCT ct-9620 4 46 herris herris PROPN ct-9620 4 47 maxwell maxwell PROPN ct-9620 4 48 department department PROPN ct-9620 4 49 of of ADP ct-9620 4 50 clinical clinical ADJ ct-9620 4 51 sciences science NOUN ct-9620 4 52 , , PUNCT ct-9620 4 53 college college NOUN ct-9620 4 54 of of ADP ct-9620 4 55 veterinary veterinary ADJ ct-9620 4 56 medicine medicine NOUN ct-9620 4 57 , , PUNCT ct-9620 4 58 auburn auburn NOUN ct-9620 4 59 university university PROPN ct-9620 4 60 , , PUNCT ct-9620 4 61 auburn auburn NOUN ct-9620 4 62 , , PUNCT ct-9620 4 63 al al PROPN ct-9620 4 64 , , PUNCT ct-9620 4 65 usa usa PROPN ct-9620 4 66 abstract abstract ADJ ct-9620 4 67 cesarean cesarean PROPN ct-9620 4 68 section section NOUN ct-9620 4 69 is be AUX ct-9620 4 70 an an DET ct-9620 4 71 important important ADJ ct-9620 4 72 life life NOUN ct-9620 4 73 - - PUNCT ct-9620 4 74 saving save VERB ct-9620 4 75 surgical surgical ADJ ct-9620 4 76 procedure procedure NOUN ct-9620 4 77 frequently frequently ADV ct-9620 4 78 performed perform VERB ct-9620 4 79 by by ADP ct-9620 4 80 small small ADJ ct-9620 4 81 ruminant ruminant NOUN ct-9620 4 82 practitioners practitioner NOUN ct-9620 4 83 . . PUNCT ct-9620 5 1 knowledge knowledge NOUN ct-9620 5 2 of of ADP ct-9620 5 3 normal normal ADJ ct-9620 5 4 parturition parturition NOUN ct-9620 5 5 and and CCONJ ct-9620 5 6 indications indication NOUN ct-9620 5 7 for for ADP ct-9620 5 8 obstetrical obstetrical ADJ ct-9620 5 9 intervention intervention NOUN ct-9620 5 10 are be AUX ct-9620 5 11 necessary necessary ADJ ct-9620 5 12 for for ADP ct-9620 5 13 successful successful ADJ ct-9620 5 14 outcomes outcome NOUN ct-9620 5 15 . . PUNCT ct-9620 6 1 if if SCONJ ct-9620 6 2 a a DET ct-9620 6 3 doe doe NOUN ct-9620 6 4 or or CCONJ ct-9620 6 5 ewe ewe NOUN ct-9620 6 6 is be AUX ct-9620 6 7 observed observe VERB ct-9620 6 8 in in ADP ct-9620 6 9 active active ADJ ct-9620 6 10 labor labor NOUN ct-9620 6 11 for for ADP ct-9620 6 12 more more ADJ ct-9620 6 13 than than ADP ct-9620 6 14 an an PRON ct-9620 6 15 hour hour NOUN ct-9620 6 16 without without ADP ct-9620 6 17 signs sign NOUN ct-9620 6 18 of of ADP ct-9620 6 19 progression progression NOUN ct-9620 6 20 toward toward ADP ct-9620 6 21 delivery delivery NOUN ct-9620 6 22 of of ADP ct-9620 6 23 a a DET ct-9620 6 24 fetus fetus NOUN ct-9620 6 25 , , PUNCT ct-9620 6 26 obstetrical obstetrical ADJ ct-9620 6 27 examination examination NOUN ct-9620 6 28 is be AUX ct-9620 6 29 indicated indicate VERB ct-9620 6 30 to to PART ct-9620 6 31 guide guide VERB ct-9620 6 32 appropriate appropriate ADJ ct-9620 6 33 interventions intervention NOUN ct-9620 6 34 . . PUNCT ct-9620 7 1 it it PRON ct-9620 7 2 is be AUX ct-9620 7 3 often often ADV ct-9620 7 4 possible possible ADJ ct-9620 7 5 to to PART ct-9620 7 6 relieve relieve VERB ct-9620 7 7 a a DET ct-9620 7 8 dystocia dystocia NOUN ct-9620 7 9 without without ADP ct-9620 7 10 surgical surgical ADJ ct-9620 7 11 intervention intervention NOUN ct-9620 7 12 if if SCONJ ct-9620 7 13 the the DET ct-9620 7 14 cervix cervix NOUN ct-9620 7 15 is be AUX ct-9620 7 16 adequately adequately ADV ct-9620 7 17 dilated dilate VERB ct-9620 7 18 and and CCONJ ct-9620 7 19 the the DET ct-9620 7 20 dam dam NOUN ct-9620 7 21 ’s ’s PART ct-9620 7 22 pelvis pelvis NOUN ct-9620 7 23 is be AUX ct-9620 7 24 of of ADP ct-9620 7 25 sufficient sufficient ADJ ct-9620 7 26 size size NOUN ct-9620 7 27 to to PART ct-9620 7 28 allow allow VERB ct-9620 7 29 manipulation manipulation NOUN ct-9620 7 30 of of ADP ct-9620 7 31 the the DET ct-9620 7 32 fetus fetus NOUN ct-9620 7 33 . . PUNCT ct-9620 8 1 if if SCONJ ct-9620 8 2 vaginal vaginal ADJ ct-9620 8 3 delivery delivery NOUN ct-9620 8 4 can can AUX ct-9620 8 5 not not PART ct-9620 8 6 be be AUX ct-9620 8 7 performed perform VERB ct-9620 8 8 safely safely ADV ct-9620 8 9 , , PUNCT ct-9620 8 10 a a DET ct-9620 8 11 cesarean cesarean ADJ ct-9620 8 12 section section NOUN ct-9620 8 13 or or CCONJ ct-9620 8 14 fetotomy fetotomy NOUN ct-9620 8 15 is be AUX ct-9620 8 16 indicated indicate VERB ct-9620 8 17 . . PUNCT ct-9620 9 1 the the DET ct-9620 9 2 surgery surgery NOUN ct-9620 9 3 is be AUX ct-9620 9 4 generally generally ADV ct-9620 9 5 performed perform VERB ct-9620 9 6 with with ADP ct-9620 9 7 sedation sedation NOUN ct-9620 9 8 and and CCONJ ct-9620 9 9 local local ADJ ct-9620 9 10 anesthesia anesthesia NOUN ct-9620 9 11 , , PUNCT ct-9620 9 12 with with ADP ct-9620 9 13 a a DET ct-9620 9 14 lumbosacral lumbosacral ADJ ct-9620 9 15 epidural epidural NOUN ct-9620 9 16 preferred prefer VERB ct-9620 9 17 by by ADP ct-9620 9 18 the the DET ct-9620 9 19 authors author NOUN ct-9620 9 20 . . PUNCT ct-9620 10 1 the the DET ct-9620 10 2 dam dam NOUN ct-9620 10 3 may may AUX ct-9620 10 4 be be AUX ct-9620 10 5 positioned position VERB ct-9620 10 6 in in ADP ct-9620 10 7 right right ADJ ct-9620 10 8 lateral lateral ADJ ct-9620 10 9 recumbency recumbency NOUN ct-9620 10 10 , , PUNCT ct-9620 10 11 standing standing NOUN ct-9620 10 12 , , PUNCT ct-9620 10 13 or or CCONJ ct-9620 10 14 dorsal dorsal NOUN ct-9620 10 15 recumbency recumbency NOUN ct-9620 10 16 , , PUNCT ct-9620 10 17 based base VERB ct-9620 10 18 on on ADP ct-9620 10 19 the the DET ct-9620 10 20 surgeon surgeon NOUN ct-9620 10 21 ’s ’s PART ct-9620 10 22 preference preference NOUN ct-9620 10 23 and and CCONJ ct-9620 10 24 specifics specific NOUN ct-9620 10 25 of of ADP ct-9620 10 26 the the DET ct-9620 10 27 case case NOUN ct-9620 10 28 . . PUNCT ct-9620 11 1 the the DET ct-9620 11 2 abdomen abdomen NOUN ct-9620 11 3 is be AUX ct-9620 11 4 entered enter VERB ct-9620 11 5 routinely routinely ADV ct-9620 11 6 , , PUNCT ct-9620 11 7 the the DET ct-9620 11 8 gravid gravid NOUN ct-9620 11 9 uterus uterus NOUN ct-9620 11 10 identified identify VERB ct-9620 11 11 , , PUNCT ct-9620 11 12 and and CCONJ ct-9620 11 13 gently gently ADV ct-9620 11 14 exteriorized exteriorize VERB ct-9620 11 15 through through ADP ct-9620 11 16 the the DET ct-9620 11 17 abdominal abdominal ADJ ct-9620 11 18 incision incision NOUN ct-9620 11 19 . . PUNCT ct-9620 12 1 a a DET ct-9620 12 2 hysterotomy hysterotomy NOUN ct-9620 12 3 incision incision NOUN ct-9620 12 4 is be AUX ct-9620 12 5 made make VERB ct-9620 12 6 over over ADP ct-9620 12 7 the the DET ct-9620 12 8 greater great ADJ ct-9620 12 9 curvature curvature NOUN ct-9620 12 10 of of ADP ct-9620 12 11 the the DET ct-9620 12 12 uterus uterus NOUN ct-9620 12 13 to to PART ct-9620 12 14 allow allow VERB ct-9620 12 15 removal removal NOUN ct-9620 12 16 of of ADP ct-9620 12 17 the the DET ct-9620 12 18 fetus(es fetus(es NOUN ct-9620 12 19 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 12 20 . . PUNCT ct-9620 13 1 the the DET ct-9620 13 2 uterus uterus NOUN ct-9620 13 3 is be AUX ct-9620 13 4 closed close VERB ct-9620 13 5 with with ADP ct-9620 13 6 absorbable absorbable ADJ ct-9620 13 7 suture suture NOUN ct-9620 13 8 using use VERB ct-9620 13 9 an an DET ct-9620 13 10 inverting inverting NOUN ct-9620 13 11 pattern pattern NOUN ct-9620 13 12 . . PUNCT ct-9620 14 1 the the DET ct-9620 14 2 abdominal abdominal ADJ ct-9620 14 3 incision incision NOUN ct-9620 14 4 is be AUX ct-9620 14 5 closed close VERB ct-9620 14 6 routinely routinely ADV ct-9620 14 7 . . PUNCT ct-9620 15 1 systemic systemic ADJ ct-9620 15 2 antibiotics antibiotic NOUN ct-9620 15 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 15 4 ecbolic ecbolic ADJ ct-9620 15 5 agents agent NOUN ct-9620 15 6 , , PUNCT ct-9620 15 7 and and CCONJ ct-9620 15 8 analgesic analgesic ADJ ct-9620 15 9 agents agent NOUN ct-9620 15 10 are be AUX ct-9620 15 11 recommended recommend VERB ct-9620 15 12 for for ADP ct-9620 15 13 the the DET ct-9620 15 14 dam dam NOUN ct-9620 15 15 postoperatively postoperatively ADV ct-9620 15 16 . . PUNCT ct-9620 16 1 survival survival NOUN ct-9620 16 2 of of ADP ct-9620 16 3 the the DET ct-9620 16 4 dam dam NOUN ct-9620 16 5 is be AUX ct-9620 16 6 reported report VERB ct-9620 16 7 at at ADP ct-9620 16 8 81–99 81–99 NUM ct-9620 16 9 % % NOUN ct-9620 16 10 with with ADP ct-9620 16 11 post post ADJ ct-9620 16 12 - - ADJ ct-9620 16 13 surgical surgical ADJ ct-9620 16 14 complications complication NOUN ct-9620 16 15 encountered encounter VERB ct-9620 16 16 in in ADP ct-9620 16 17 33–77 33–77 NUM ct-9620 16 18 % % NOUN ct-9620 16 19 of of ADP ct-9620 16 20 cases case NOUN ct-9620 16 21 . . PUNCT ct-9620 17 1 females female NOUN ct-9620 17 2 may may AUX ct-9620 17 3 be be AUX ct-9620 17 4 retained retain VERB ct-9620 17 5 for for ADP ct-9620 17 6 future future ADJ ct-9620 17 7 breeding breeding NOUN ct-9620 17 8 following follow VERB ct-9620 17 9 surgery surgery NOUN ct-9620 17 10 , , PUNCT ct-9620 17 11 with with ADP ct-9620 17 12 84–100 84–100 NUM ct-9620 17 13 % % NOUN ct-9620 17 14 of of ADP ct-9620 17 15 females female NOUN ct-9620 17 16 reported report VERB ct-9620 17 17 to to PART ct-9620 17 18 become become VERB ct-9620 17 19 pregnant pregnant ADJ ct-9620 17 20 in in ADP ct-9620 17 21 the the DET ct-9620 17 22 subsequent subsequent ADJ ct-9620 17 23 breeding breeding NOUN ct-9620 17 24 season season NOUN ct-9620 17 25 . . PUNCT ct-9620 18 1 keywords keyword NOUN ct-9620 18 2 : : PUNCT ct-9620 18 3 hysterotomy hysterotomy NOUN ct-9620 18 4 , , PUNCT ct-9620 18 5 ewe ewe PROPN ct-9620 18 6 , , PUNCT ct-9620 18 7 doe doe NOUN ct-9620 18 8 , , PUNCT ct-9620 18 9 dystocia dystocia NOUN ct-9620 18 10 , , PUNCT ct-9620 18 11 c c NOUN ct-9620 18 12 - - PUNCT ct-9620 18 13 section section NOUN ct-9620 18 14 parturition parturition NOUN ct-9620 18 15 parturition parturition NOUN ct-9620 18 16 is be AUX ct-9620 18 17 divided divide VERB ct-9620 18 18 into into ADP ct-9620 18 19 three three NUM ct-9620 18 20 stages stage NOUN ct-9620 18 21 . . PUNCT ct-9620 19 1 stage stage NOUN ct-9620 19 2 one one NUM ct-9620 19 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 19 4 the the DET ct-9620 19 5 preparatory preparatory ADJ ct-9620 19 6 stage stage NOUN ct-9620 19 7 , , PUNCT ct-9620 19 8 is be AUX ct-9620 19 9 characterized characterize VERB ct-9620 19 10 by by ADP ct-9620 19 11 the the DET ct-9620 19 12 initiation initiation NOUN ct-9620 19 13 of of ADP ct-9620 19 14 myometrial myometrial ADJ ct-9620 19 15 contractions contraction NOUN ct-9620 19 16 , , PUNCT ct-9620 19 17 and and CCONJ ct-9620 19 18 lasts last VERB ct-9620 19 19 from from ADP ct-9620 19 20 2 2 NUM ct-9620 19 21 to to PART ct-9620 19 22 12 12 NUM ct-9620 19 23 hours hour NOUN ct-9620 19 24 in in ADP ct-9620 19 25 small small ADJ ct-9620 19 26 ruminants.1 ruminants.1 NOUN ct-9620 19 27 during during ADP ct-9620 19 28 this this DET ct-9620 19 29 stage stage NOUN ct-9620 19 30 , , PUNCT ct-9620 19 31 the the DET ct-9620 19 32 female female NOUN ct-9620 19 33 will will AUX ct-9620 19 34 usually usually ADV ct-9620 19 35 leave leave VERB ct-9620 19 36 the the DET ct-9620 19 37 group group NOUN ct-9620 19 38 , , PUNCT ct-9620 19 39 appear appear VERB ct-9620 19 40 restless restless NOUN ct-9620 19 41 , , PUNCT ct-9620 19 42 and and CCONJ ct-9620 19 43 may may AUX ct-9620 19 44 urinate urinate VERB ct-9620 19 45 frequently frequently ADV ct-9620 19 46 . . PUNCT ct-9620 20 1 cervical cervical ADJ ct-9620 20 2 relaxation relaxation NOUN ct-9620 20 3 occurs occur VERB ct-9620 20 4 during during ADP ct-9620 20 5 stage stage NOUN ct-9620 20 6 one one NUM ct-9620 20 7 and and CCONJ ct-9620 20 8 passage passage NOUN ct-9620 20 9 of of ADP ct-9620 20 10 the the DET ct-9620 20 11 cervical cervical ADJ ct-9620 20 12 plug plug NOUN ct-9620 20 13 may may AUX ct-9620 20 14 be be AUX ct-9620 20 15 observed observe VERB ct-9620 20 16 . . PUNCT ct-9620 21 1 stage stage NOUN ct-9620 21 2 two two NUM ct-9620 21 3 labor labor NOUN ct-9620 21 4 begins begin VERB ct-9620 21 5 when when SCONJ ct-9620 21 6 a a DET ct-9620 21 7 fetus fetus NOUN ct-9620 21 8 enters enter VERB ct-9620 21 9 the the DET ct-9620 21 10 pelvic pelvic ADJ ct-9620 21 11 portion portion NOUN ct-9620 21 12 of of ADP ct-9620 21 13 the the DET ct-9620 21 14 reproductive reproductive ADJ ct-9620 21 15 tract tract NOUN ct-9620 21 16 and and CCONJ ct-9620 21 17 is be AUX ct-9620 21 18 generally generally ADV ct-9620 21 19 accompanied accompany VERB ct-9620 21 20 by by ADP ct-9620 21 21 forceful forceful ADJ ct-9620 21 22 abdominal abdominal ADJ ct-9620 21 23 contractions contraction NOUN ct-9620 21 24 , , PUNCT ct-9620 21 25 rupture rupture NOUN ct-9620 21 26 of of ADP ct-9620 21 27 the the DET ct-9620 21 28 chorioallantoic chorioallantoic ADJ ct-9620 21 29 membranes membrane NOUN ct-9620 21 30 , , PUNCT ct-9620 21 31 and and CCONJ ct-9620 21 32 expulsion expulsion NOUN ct-9620 21 33 of of ADP ct-9620 21 34 the the DET ct-9620 21 35 allantoic allantoic NOUN ct-9620 21 36 fluid fluid NOUN ct-9620 21 37 . . PUNCT ct-9620 22 1 stage stage NOUN ct-9620 22 2 two two NUM ct-9620 22 3 ends end NOUN ct-9620 22 4 when when SCONJ ct-9620 22 5 the the DET ct-9620 22 6 last last ADJ ct-9620 22 7 fetus fetus NOUN ct-9620 22 8 is be AUX ct-9620 22 9 expelled expel VERB ct-9620 22 10 by by ADP ct-9620 22 11 forceful forceful ADJ ct-9620 22 12 abdominal abdominal ADJ ct-9620 22 13 muscle muscle NOUN ct-9620 22 14 contractions contraction NOUN ct-9620 22 15 of of ADP ct-9620 22 16 the the DET ct-9620 22 17 dam.2 dam.2 PROPN ct-9620 22 18 during during ADP ct-9620 22 19 stage stage NOUN ct-9620 22 20 two two NUM ct-9620 22 21 , , PUNCT ct-9620 22 22 if if SCONJ ct-9620 22 23 the the DET ct-9620 22 24 fetus fetus NOUN ct-9620 22 25 is be AUX ct-9620 22 26 in in ADP ct-9620 22 27 cranial cranial ADJ ct-9620 22 28 longitudinal longitudinal ADJ ct-9620 22 29 presentation presentation NOUN ct-9620 22 30 with with ADP ct-9620 22 31 forelimbs forelimb NOUN ct-9620 22 32 extended extend VERB ct-9620 22 33 , , PUNCT ct-9620 22 34 the the DET ct-9620 22 35 amniotic amniotic ADJ ct-9620 22 36 membrane membrane NOUN ct-9620 22 37 will will AUX ct-9620 22 38 protrude protrude VERB ct-9620 22 39 from from ADP ct-9620 22 40 the the DET ct-9620 22 41 vulva vulva NOUN ct-9620 22 42 and and CCONJ ct-9620 22 43 rupture rupture NOUN ct-9620 22 44 , , PUNCT ct-9620 22 45 followed follow VERB ct-9620 22 46 shortly shortly ADV ct-9620 22 47 by by ADP ct-9620 22 48 the the DET ct-9620 22 49 appearance appearance NOUN ct-9620 22 50 of of ADP ct-9620 22 51 fetal fetal ADJ ct-9620 22 52 forelimbs forelimb NOUN ct-9620 22 53 and and CCONJ ct-9620 22 54 head head NOUN ct-9620 22 55 . . PUNCT ct-9620 23 1 caudal caudal NOUN ct-9620 23 2 longitudinal longitudinal ADJ ct-9620 23 3 presentation presentation NOUN ct-9620 23 4 is be AUX ct-9620 23 5 not not PART ct-9620 23 6 uncommon uncommon ADJ ct-9620 23 7 and and CCONJ ct-9620 23 8 may may AUX ct-9620 23 9 be be AUX ct-9620 23 10 considered consider VERB ct-9620 23 11 normal normal ADJ ct-9620 23 12 if if SCONJ ct-9620 23 13 both both DET ct-9620 23 14 hind hind NOUN ct-9620 23 15 limbs limb NOUN ct-9620 23 16 are be AUX ct-9620 23 17 extended extend VERB ct-9620 23 18 and and CCONJ ct-9620 23 19 delivery delivery NOUN ct-9620 23 20 progresses progress VERB ct-9620 23 21 normally.3 normally.3 NOUN ct-9620 23 22 when when SCONJ ct-9620 23 23 multiple multiple ADJ ct-9620 23 24 fetuses fetus NOUN ct-9620 23 25 are be AUX ct-9620 23 26 present present ADJ ct-9620 23 27 , , PUNCT ct-9620 23 28 deliveries delivery NOUN ct-9620 23 29 may may AUX ct-9620 23 30 occur occur VERB ct-9620 23 31 in in ADP ct-9620 23 32 quick quick ADJ ct-9620 23 33 succession succession NOUN ct-9620 23 34 or or CCONJ ct-9620 23 35 the the DET ct-9620 23 36 female female NOUN ct-9620 23 37 may may AUX ct-9620 23 38 rest rest VERB ct-9620 23 39 briefly briefly ADV ct-9620 23 40 in in ADP ct-9620 23 41 between between ADP ct-9620 23 42 delivery delivery NOUN ct-9620 23 43 of of ADP ct-9620 23 44 subsequent subsequent ADJ ct-9620 23 45 fetuses.4 fetuses.4 NOUN ct-9620 23 46 the the DET ct-9620 23 47 third third ADJ ct-9620 23 48 stage stage NOUN ct-9620 23 49 of of ADP ct-9620 23 50 labor labor NOUN ct-9620 23 51 begins begin VERB ct-9620 23 52 immediately immediately ADV ct-9620 23 53 after after ADP ct-9620 23 54 delivery delivery NOUN ct-9620 23 55 of of ADP ct-9620 23 56 the the DET ct-9620 23 57 final final ADJ ct-9620 23 58 fetus fetus NOUN ct-9620 23 59 and and CCONJ ct-9620 23 60 concludes conclude VERB ct-9620 23 61 with with ADP ct-9620 23 62 passage passage NOUN ct-9620 23 63 of of ADP ct-9620 23 64 the the DET ct-9620 23 65 fetal fetal ADJ ct-9620 23 66 membranes.2 membranes.2 NOUN ct-9620 23 67 expulsion expulsion NOUN ct-9620 23 68 of of ADP ct-9620 23 69 the the DET ct-9620 23 70 membranes membrane NOUN ct-9620 23 71 usually usually ADV ct-9620 23 72 occurs occur VERB ct-9620 23 73 within within ADP ct-9620 23 74 four four NUM ct-9620 23 75 hours hour NOUN ct-9620 23 76 of of ADP ct-9620 23 77 normal normal ADJ ct-9620 23 78 parturition.2 parturition.2 PROPN ct-9620 23 79 if if SCONJ ct-9620 23 80 delivery delivery NOUN ct-9620 23 81 was be AUX ct-9620 23 82 uncomplicated uncomplicated ADJ ct-9620 23 83 , , PUNCT ct-9620 23 84 retention retention NOUN ct-9620 23 85 of of ADP ct-9620 23 86 fetal fetal ADJ ct-9620 23 87 membranes membrane NOUN ct-9620 23 88 is be AUX ct-9620 23 89 of of ADP ct-9620 23 90 little little ADJ ct-9620 23 91 concern concern NOUN ct-9620 23 92 until until SCONJ ct-9620 23 93 12–18 12–18 NUM ct-9620 23 94 hours hour NOUN ct-9620 23 95 post post ADJ ct-9620 23 96 - - ADJ ct-9620 23 97 partum.4 partum.4 ADJ ct-9620 23 98 lochia lochia NOUN ct-9620 23 99 , , PUNCT ct-9620 23 100 the the DET ct-9620 23 101 brown brown ADJ ct-9620 23 102 - - PUNCT ct-9620 23 103 red red ADJ ct-9620 23 104 discharge discharge NOUN ct-9620 23 105 from from ADP ct-9620 23 106 the the DET ct-9620 23 107 involuting involute VERB ct-9620 23 108 postpartum postpartum NOUN ct-9620 23 109 uterus uterus NOUN ct-9620 23 110 , , PUNCT ct-9620 23 111 may may AUX ct-9620 23 112 be be AUX ct-9620 23 113 present present ADJ ct-9620 23 114 for for SCONJ ct-9620 23 115 up up ADP ct-9620 23 116 to to PART ct-9620 23 117 three three NUM ct-9620 23 118 weeks.5,6 weeks.5,6 PROPN ct-9620 23 119 dystocia dystocia NOUN ct-9620 23 120 dystocia dystocia NOUN ct-9620 23 121 is be AUX ct-9620 23 122 defined define VERB ct-9620 23 123 as as ADP ct-9620 23 124 slow slow ADJ ct-9620 23 125 or or CCONJ ct-9620 23 126 difficult difficult ADJ ct-9620 23 127 labor.7 labor.7 ADJ ct-9620 23 128 dystocia dystocia NOUN ct-9620 23 129 is be AUX ct-9620 23 130 present present ADJ ct-9620 23 131 when when SCONJ ct-9620 23 132 labor labor NOUN ct-9620 23 133 is be AUX ct-9620 23 134 prolonged prolonged ADJ ct-9620 23 135 , , PUNCT ct-9620 23 136 interrupted interrupt VERB ct-9620 23 137 , , PUNCT ct-9620 23 138 or or CCONJ ct-9620 23 139 when when SCONJ ct-9620 23 140 delivery delivery NOUN ct-9620 23 141 of of ADP ct-9620 23 142 the the DET ct-9620 23 143 fetus(es fetus(es NOUN ct-9620 23 144 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 23 145 can can AUX ct-9620 23 146 not not PART ct-9620 23 147 be be AUX ct-9620 23 148 completed complete VERB ct-9620 23 149 in in ADP ct-9620 23 150 a a DET ct-9620 23 151 timely timely ADJ ct-9620 23 152 manner manner NOUN ct-9620 23 153 without without ADP ct-9620 23 154 assistance assistance NOUN ct-9620 23 155 . . PUNCT ct-9620 24 1 any any DET ct-9620 24 2 female female NOUN ct-9620 24 3 that that PRON ct-9620 24 4 fails fail VERB ct-9620 24 5 to to PART ct-9620 24 6 progress progress VERB ct-9620 24 7 normally normally ADV ct-9620 24 8 through through ADP ct-9620 24 9 the the DET ct-9620 24 10 stages stage NOUN ct-9620 24 11 of of ADP ct-9620 24 12 parturition parturition NOUN ct-9620 24 13 , , PUNCT ct-9620 24 14 either either CCONJ ct-9620 24 15 from from ADP ct-9620 24 16 stage stage NOUN ct-9620 24 17 one one NUM ct-9620 24 18 to to PART ct-9620 24 19 stage stage VERB ct-9620 24 20 two two NUM ct-9620 24 21 or or CCONJ ct-9620 24 22 mailto:j.cowley@auburn.edu mailto:j.cowley@auburn.edu PROPN ct-9620 24 23 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ PRON ct-9620 24 24 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ PROPN ct-9620 24 25 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9620 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9620 PROPN ct-9620 24 26 citation citation NOUN ct-9620 24 27 line line NOUN ct-9620 24 28 : : PUNCT ct-9620 24 29 clinical clinical ADJ ct-9620 24 30 theriogenology theriogenology NOUN ct-9620 24 31 2023 2023 NUM ct-9620 24 32 , , PUNCT ct-9620 24 33 15 15 NUM ct-9620 24 34 , , PUNCT ct-9620 24 35 9620 9620 NUM ct-9620 24 36 , , PUNCT ct-9620 24 37 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9620 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9620 PROPN ct-9620 24 38 71 71 NUM ct-9620 24 39 during during ADP ct-9620 24 40 stage stage NOUN ct-9620 24 41 two two NUM ct-9620 24 42 labor labor NOUN ct-9620 24 43 , , PUNCT ct-9620 24 44 should should AUX ct-9620 24 45 be be AUX ct-9620 24 46 examined examine VERB ct-9620 24 47 . . PUNCT ct-9620 25 1 if if SCONJ ct-9620 25 2 a a DET ct-9620 25 3 doe doe NOUN ct-9620 25 4 or or CCONJ ct-9620 25 5 ewe ewe NOUN ct-9620 25 6 is be AUX ct-9620 25 7 in in ADP ct-9620 25 8 active active ADJ ct-9620 25 9 labor labor NOUN ct-9620 25 10 , , PUNCT ct-9620 25 11 without without ADP ct-9620 25 12 producing produce VERB ct-9620 25 13 a a DET ct-9620 25 14 fetus fetus NOUN ct-9620 25 15 , , PUNCT ct-9620 25 16 for for ADP ct-9620 25 17 longer long ADJ ct-9620 25 18 than than ADP ct-9620 25 19 thirty thirty NUM ct-9620 25 20 minutes minute NOUN ct-9620 25 21 to to ADP ct-9620 25 22 one one NUM ct-9620 25 23 hour hour NOUN ct-9620 25 24 , , PUNCT ct-9620 25 25 assessment assessment NOUN ct-9620 25 26 and and CCONJ ct-9620 25 27 obstetrical obstetrical ADJ ct-9620 25 28 intervention intervention NOUN ct-9620 25 29 is be AUX ct-9620 25 30 indicated.8 indicated.8 PROPN ct-9620 25 31 dystocia dystocia NOUN ct-9620 25 32 in in ADP ct-9620 25 33 small small ADJ ct-9620 25 34 ruminants ruminant NOUN ct-9620 25 35 is be AUX ct-9620 25 36 relatively relatively ADV ct-9620 25 37 uncommon uncommon ADJ ct-9620 25 38 . . PUNCT ct-9620 26 1 historically historically ADV ct-9620 26 2 , , PUNCT ct-9620 26 3 in in ADP ct-9620 26 4 well well ADV ct-9620 26 5 managed manage VERB ct-9620 26 6 herds herd NOUN ct-9620 26 7 less less ADJ ct-9620 26 8 than than ADP ct-9620 26 9 5 5 NUM ct-9620 26 10 % % NOUN ct-9620 26 11 of of ADP ct-9620 26 12 births birth NOUN ct-9620 26 13 require require VERB ct-9620 26 14 assistance.3 assistance.3 ADJ ct-9620 26 15 current current ADJ ct-9620 26 16 normal normal ADJ ct-9620 26 17 dystocia dystocia NOUN ct-9620 26 18 rates rate NOUN ct-9620 26 19 in in ADP ct-9620 26 20 large large ADJ ct-9620 26 21 herds herd NOUN ct-9620 26 22 has have AUX ct-9620 26 23 not not PART ct-9620 26 24 been be AUX ct-9620 26 25 reported report VERB ct-9620 26 26 . . PUNCT ct-9620 27 1 the the DET ct-9620 27 2 primary primary ADJ ct-9620 27 3 causes cause NOUN ct-9620 27 4 of of ADP ct-9620 27 5 dystocia dystocia NOUN ct-9620 27 6 differ differ VERB ct-9620 27 7 between between ADP ct-9620 27 8 sheep sheep NOUN ct-9620 27 9 and and CCONJ ct-9620 27 10 goats goat NOUN ct-9620 27 11 . . PUNCT ct-9620 28 1 in in ADP ct-9620 28 2 ewes ewe NOUN ct-9620 28 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 28 4 insufficient insufficient ADJ ct-9620 28 5 cervical cervical ADJ ct-9620 28 6 dilation dilation NOUN ct-9620 28 7 is be AUX ct-9620 28 8 reported report VERB ct-9620 28 9 as as ADP ct-9620 28 10 the the DET ct-9620 28 11 cause cause NOUN ct-9620 28 12 of of ADP ct-9620 28 13 dystocia dystocia NOUN ct-9620 28 14 in in ADP ct-9620 28 15 14–44 14–44 NUM ct-9620 28 16 % % NOUN ct-9620 28 17 of of ADP ct-9620 28 18 cases case NOUN ct-9620 28 19 presented.9–12 presented.9–12 VERB ct-9620 28 20 in in ADP ct-9620 28 21 does doe NOUN ct-9620 28 22 , , PUNCT ct-9620 28 23 feto feto ADJ ct-9620 28 24 - - PUNCT ct-9620 28 25 pelvic pelvic ADJ ct-9620 28 26 disproportions disproportion NOUN ct-9620 28 27 reportedly reportedly ADV ct-9620 28 28 account account VERB ct-9620 28 29 for for ADP ct-9620 28 30 23–52 23–52 NUM ct-9620 28 31 % % NOUN ct-9620 28 32 of of ADP ct-9620 28 33 dystocia dystocia NOUN ct-9620 28 34 cases.11,13,14 cases.11,13,14 SCONJ ct-9620 28 35 other other ADJ ct-9620 28 36 factors factor NOUN ct-9620 28 37 identified identify VERB ct-9620 28 38 as as ADP ct-9620 28 39 causes cause NOUN ct-9620 28 40 of of ADP ct-9620 28 41 dystocia dystocia NOUN ct-9620 28 42 include include VERB ct-9620 28 43 uterine uterine ADJ ct-9620 28 44 torsion torsion NOUN ct-9620 28 45 , , PUNCT ct-9620 28 46 vaginal vaginal ADJ ct-9620 28 47 prolapse prolapse NOUN ct-9620 28 48 , , PUNCT ct-9620 28 49 fetal fetal ADJ ct-9620 28 50 malformation malformation NOUN ct-9620 28 51 or or CCONJ ct-9620 28 52 malposition malposition NOUN ct-9620 28 53 , , PUNCT ct-9620 28 54 and and CCONJ ct-9620 28 55 metabolic metabolic NOUN ct-9620 28 56 disorders.9 disorders.9 NOUN ct-9620 28 57 a a DET ct-9620 28 58 significant significant ADJ ct-9620 28 59 increase increase NOUN ct-9620 28 60 in in ADP ct-9620 28 61 the the DET ct-9620 28 62 occurrence occurrence NOUN ct-9620 28 63 of of ADP ct-9620 28 64 dystocia dystocia NOUN ct-9620 28 65 has have AUX ct-9620 28 66 been be AUX ct-9620 28 67 reported report VERB ct-9620 28 68 in in ADP ct-9620 28 69 ewes ewe NOUN ct-9620 28 70 when when SCONJ ct-9620 28 71 diagnosed diagnose VERB ct-9620 28 72 with with ADP ct-9620 28 73 pregnancy pregnancy NOUN ct-9620 28 74 toxemia.15 toxemia.15 NOUN ct-9620 28 75 dystocia dystocia NOUN ct-9620 28 76 can can AUX ct-9620 28 77 often often ADV ct-9620 28 78 be be AUX ct-9620 28 79 relieved relieve VERB ct-9620 28 80 by by ADP ct-9620 28 81 trans tran NOUN ct-9620 28 82 - - ADJ ct-9620 28 83 vaginal vaginal ADJ ct-9620 28 84 manipulation manipulation NOUN ct-9620 28 85 of of ADP ct-9620 28 86 the the DET ct-9620 28 87 fetus fetus NOUN ct-9620 28 88 . . PUNCT ct-9620 29 1 manipulation manipulation NOUN ct-9620 29 2 requires require VERB ct-9620 29 3 that that SCONJ ct-9620 29 4 the the DET ct-9620 29 5 dam dam NOUN ct-9620 29 6 ’s ’s PART ct-9620 29 7 pelvis pelvi NOUN ct-9620 29 8 be be AUX ct-9620 29 9 large large ADJ ct-9620 29 10 enough enough ADV ct-9620 29 11 to to PART ct-9620 29 12 admit admit VERB ct-9620 29 13 a a DET ct-9620 29 14 hand hand NOUN ct-9620 29 15 for for ADP ct-9620 29 16 obstetrical obstetrical ADJ ct-9620 29 17 assistance assistance NOUN ct-9620 29 18 and and CCONJ ct-9620 29 19 the the DET ct-9620 29 20 cervix cervix NOUN ct-9620 29 21 be be AUX ct-9620 29 22 sufficiently sufficiently ADV ct-9620 29 23 dilated dilate VERB ct-9620 29 24 to to PART ct-9620 29 25 allow allow VERB ct-9620 29 26 for for ADP ct-9620 29 27 correction correction NOUN ct-9620 29 28 of of ADP ct-9620 29 29 errors error NOUN ct-9620 29 30 in in ADP ct-9620 29 31 presentation presentation NOUN ct-9620 29 32 , , PUNCT ct-9620 29 33 position position NOUN ct-9620 29 34 , , PUNCT ct-9620 29 35 or or CCONJ ct-9620 29 36 posture.16 posture.16 PROPN ct-9620 29 37 epidural epidural PROPN ct-9620 29 38 anesthesia anesthesia PROPN ct-9620 29 39 administration administration PROPN ct-9620 29 40 prior prior ADV ct-9620 29 41 to to ADP ct-9620 29 42 vaginal vaginal ADJ ct-9620 29 43 palpation palpation NOUN ct-9620 29 44 in in ADP ct-9620 29 45 small small ADJ ct-9620 29 46 ruminants ruminant NOUN ct-9620 29 47 is be AUX ct-9620 29 48 likely likely ADJ ct-9620 29 49 to to PART ct-9620 29 50 decrease decrease VERB ct-9620 29 51 the the DET ct-9620 29 52 likelihood likelihood NOUN ct-9620 29 53 of of ADP ct-9620 29 54 uterine uterine ADJ ct-9620 29 55 , , PUNCT ct-9620 29 56 cervical cervical ADJ ct-9620 29 57 , , PUNCT ct-9620 29 58 or or CCONJ ct-9620 29 59 vaginal vaginal ADJ ct-9620 29 60 tears tear NOUN ct-9620 29 61 occurring occur VERB ct-9620 29 62 by by ADP ct-9620 29 63 reducing reduce VERB ct-9620 29 64 straining straining NOUN ct-9620 29 65 by by ADP ct-9620 29 66 the the DET ct-9620 29 67 dam.17–19 dam.17–19 NOUN ct-9620 29 68 successful successful ADJ ct-9620 29 69 resolution resolution NOUN ct-9620 29 70 of of ADP ct-9620 29 71 dystocia dystocia NOUN ct-9620 29 72 and and CCONJ ct-9620 29 73 delivery delivery NOUN ct-9620 29 74 of of ADP ct-9620 29 75 the the DET ct-9620 29 76 fetus(es fetus(es NOUN ct-9620 29 77 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 29 78 occur occur VERB ct-9620 29 79 frequently frequently ADV ct-9620 29 80 on on ADP ct-9620 29 81 farm farm NOUN ct-9620 29 82 settings setting NOUN ct-9620 29 83 . . PUNCT ct-9620 30 1 cases case NOUN ct-9620 30 2 not not PART ct-9620 30 3 easily easily ADV ct-9620 30 4 resolved resolve VERB ct-9620 30 5 on on ADP ct-9620 30 6 farm farm NOUN ct-9620 30 7 require require VERB ct-9620 30 8 further further ADJ ct-9620 30 9 interventions intervention NOUN ct-9620 30 10 such such ADJ ct-9620 30 11 as as ADP ct-9620 30 12 fetotomy fetotomy ADJ ct-9620 30 13 , , PUNCT ct-9620 30 14 cesarean cesarean ADJ ct-9620 30 15 section section NOUN ct-9620 30 16 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 30 17 c c NOUN ct-9620 30 18 - - PUNCT ct-9620 30 19 section section NOUN ct-9620 30 20 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 30 21 , , PUNCT ct-9620 30 22 or or CCONJ ct-9620 30 23 euthanasia euthanasia NOUN ct-9620 30 24 . . PUNCT ct-9620 31 1 all all DET ct-9620 31 2 methods method NOUN ct-9620 31 3 can can AUX ct-9620 31 4 be be AUX ct-9620 31 5 performed perform VERB ct-9620 31 6 on on ADP ct-9620 31 7 farm farm NOUN ct-9620 31 8 , , PUNCT ct-9620 31 9 or or CCONJ ct-9620 31 10 preferentially preferentially ADV ct-9620 31 11 in in ADP ct-9620 31 12 a a DET ct-9620 31 13 hospital hospital NOUN ct-9620 31 14 setting.4 setting.4 ADV ct-9620 31 15 in in ADP ct-9620 31 16 the the DET ct-9620 31 17 cases case NOUN ct-9620 31 18 of of ADP ct-9620 31 19 small small ADJ ct-9620 31 20 ruminant ruminant NOUN ct-9620 31 21 dystocia dystocia NOUN ct-9620 31 22 presented present VERB ct-9620 31 23 to to ADP ct-9620 31 24 referral referral ADJ ct-9620 31 25 facilities facility NOUN ct-9620 31 26 , , PUNCT ct-9620 31 27 43–95 43–95 NUM ct-9620 31 28 % % NOUN ct-9620 31 29 required require VERB ct-9620 31 30 c c NOUN ct-9620 31 31 - - PUNCT ct-9620 31 32 section.12–14,20,21 section.12–14,20,21 NOUN ct-9620 31 33 if if SCONJ ct-9620 31 34 a a DET ct-9620 31 35 fetotomy fetotomy NOUN ct-9620 31 36 is be AUX ct-9620 31 37 to to PART ct-9620 31 38 be be AUX ct-9620 31 39 attempted attempt VERB ct-9620 31 40 , , PUNCT ct-9620 31 41 it it PRON ct-9620 31 42 is be AUX ct-9620 31 43 recommended recommend VERB ct-9620 31 44 to to PART ct-9620 31 45 perform perform VERB ct-9620 31 46 a a DET ct-9620 31 47 subcutaneous subcutaneous ADJ ct-9620 31 48 fetotomy fetotomy NOUN ct-9620 31 49 instead instead ADV ct-9620 31 50 of of ADP ct-9620 31 51 a a DET ct-9620 31 52 percutaneous percutaneous ADJ ct-9620 31 53 approach.3 approach.3 SCONJ ct-9620 31 54 a a DET ct-9620 31 55 subcutaneous subcutaneous ADJ ct-9620 31 56 fetotomy fetotomy NOUN ct-9620 31 57 is be AUX ct-9620 31 58 safer safe ADJ ct-9620 31 59 for for ADP ct-9620 31 60 the the DET ct-9620 31 61 dam dam NOUN ct-9620 31 62 since since SCONJ ct-9620 31 63 instruments instrument NOUN ct-9620 31 64 are be AUX ct-9620 31 65 not not PART ct-9620 31 66 inserted insert VERB ct-9620 31 67 into into ADP ct-9620 31 68 the the DET ct-9620 31 69 birth birth NOUN ct-9620 31 70 canal canal NOUN ct-9620 32 1 potentially potentially ADV ct-9620 32 2 damaging damage VERB ct-9620 32 3 friable friable ADJ ct-9620 32 4 maternal maternal ADJ ct-9620 32 5 tissues.2,3 tissues.2,3 NOUN ct-9620 32 6 this this DET ct-9620 32 7 type type NOUN ct-9620 32 8 of of ADP ct-9620 32 9 fetotomy fetotomy NOUN ct-9620 32 10 is be AUX ct-9620 32 11 performed perform VERB ct-9620 32 12 by by ADP ct-9620 32 13 exteriorizing exteriorize VERB ct-9620 32 14 a a DET ct-9620 32 15 fetal fetal ADJ ct-9620 32 16 limb limb NOUN ct-9620 32 17 and and CCONJ ct-9620 32 18 making make VERB ct-9620 32 19 a a DET ct-9620 32 20 skin skin NOUN ct-9620 32 21 incision incision NOUN ct-9620 32 22 around around ADP ct-9620 32 23 the the DET ct-9620 32 24 limb limb NOUN ct-9620 32 25 , , PUNCT ct-9620 32 26 preferably preferably ADV ct-9620 32 27 above above ADP ct-9620 32 28 the the DET ct-9620 32 29 carpus.22 carpus.22 NOUN ct-9620 32 30 the the DET ct-9620 32 31 skin skin NOUN ct-9620 32 32 incision incision NOUN ct-9620 32 33 is be AUX ct-9620 32 34 continued continue VERB ct-9620 32 35 up up ADP ct-9620 32 36 the the DET ct-9620 32 37 medial medial ADJ ct-9620 32 38 side side NOUN ct-9620 32 39 of of ADP ct-9620 32 40 the the DET ct-9620 32 41 fetal fetal ADJ ct-9620 32 42 limb limb NOUN ct-9620 32 43 but but CCONJ ct-9620 32 44 it it PRON ct-9620 32 45 is be AUX ct-9620 32 46 not not PART ct-9620 32 47 necessary necessary ADJ ct-9620 32 48 to to PART ct-9620 32 49 extend extend VERB ct-9620 32 50 the the DET ct-9620 32 51 incision incision NOUN ct-9620 32 52 so so ADV ct-9620 32 53 far far ADV ct-9620 32 54 as as SCONJ ct-9620 32 55 to to PART ct-9620 32 56 insert insert VERB ct-9620 32 57 the the DET ct-9620 32 58 blade blade NOUN ct-9620 32 59 into into ADP ct-9620 32 60 the the DET ct-9620 32 61 vagina.22 vagina.22 NOUN ct-9620 32 62 the the DET ct-9620 32 63 practitioner practitioner NOUN ct-9620 32 64 ’s ’s PART ct-9620 32 65 hand hand NOUN ct-9620 32 66 is be AUX ct-9620 32 67 used use VERB ct-9620 32 68 to to PART ct-9620 32 69 undermine undermine VERB ct-9620 32 70 the the DET ct-9620 32 71 skin skin NOUN ct-9620 32 72 to to ADP ct-9620 32 73 the the DET ct-9620 32 74 level level NOUN ct-9620 32 75 of of ADP ct-9620 32 76 the the DET ct-9620 32 77 shoulder shoulder NOUN ct-9620 32 78 blade blade NOUN ct-9620 32 79 ; ; PUNCT ct-9620 32 80 the the DET ct-9620 32 81 muscular muscular ADJ ct-9620 32 82 and and CCONJ ct-9620 32 83 tendinous tendinous ADJ ct-9620 32 84 attachments attachment NOUN ct-9620 32 85 are be AUX ct-9620 32 86 broken break VERB ct-9620 32 87 down down ADP ct-9620 32 88 , , PUNCT ct-9620 32 89 and and CCONJ ct-9620 32 90 the the DET ct-9620 32 91 limb limb NOUN ct-9620 32 92 is be AUX ct-9620 32 93 pulled pull VERB ct-9620 32 94 free.2 free.2 PROPN ct-9620 32 95 decapitation decapitation NOUN ct-9620 32 96 and and CCONJ ct-9620 32 97 neck neck NOUN ct-9620 32 98 amputation amputation NOUN ct-9620 32 99 are be AUX ct-9620 32 100 easily easily ADV ct-9620 32 101 performed perform VERB ct-9620 32 102 in in ADP ct-9620 32 103 a a DET ct-9620 32 104 dead dead ADJ ct-9620 32 105 and and CCONJ ct-9620 32 106 emphysematous emphysematous ADJ ct-9620 32 107 fetus fetus NOUN ct-9620 32 108 to to PART ct-9620 32 109 allow allow VERB ct-9620 32 110 for for ADP ct-9620 32 111 further further ADJ ct-9620 32 112 extraction extraction NOUN ct-9620 32 113 of of ADP ct-9620 32 114 the the DET ct-9620 32 115 fetal fetal NOUN ct-9620 32 116 body.4 body.4 SCONJ ct-9620 32 117 it it PRON ct-9620 32 118 is be AUX ct-9620 32 119 an an DET ct-9620 32 120 important important ADJ ct-9620 32 121 consideration consideration NOUN ct-9620 32 122 when when SCONJ ct-9620 32 123 performing perform VERB ct-9620 32 124 small small ADJ ct-9620 32 125 ruminant ruminant NOUN ct-9620 32 126 obstetrical obstetrical ADJ ct-9620 32 127 intervention intervention NOUN ct-9620 32 128 that that SCONJ ct-9620 32 129 many many ADJ ct-9620 32 130 causes cause NOUN ct-9620 32 131 of of ADP ct-9620 32 132 abortion abortion NOUN ct-9620 32 133 may may AUX ct-9620 32 134 be be AUX ct-9620 32 135 zoonotic zoonotic ADJ ct-9620 32 136 and and CCONJ ct-9620 32 137 personal personal ADJ ct-9620 32 138 protective protective ADJ ct-9620 32 139 equipment equipment NOUN ct-9620 32 140 is be AUX ct-9620 32 141 recommended.4 recommended.4 PROPN ct-9620 32 142 anesthesia anesthesia PROPN ct-9620 32 143 anesthesia anesthesia NOUN ct-9620 32 144 for for ADP ct-9620 32 145 c c NOUN ct-9620 32 146 - - PUNCT ct-9620 32 147 section section NOUN ct-9620 32 148 procedures procedure NOUN ct-9620 32 149 is be AUX ct-9620 32 150 case case NOUN ct-9620 32 151 and and CCONJ ct-9620 32 152 surgeon surgeon VERB ct-9620 32 153 dependent dependent ADJ ct-9620 32 154 , , PUNCT ct-9620 32 155 but but CCONJ ct-9620 32 156 generally generally ADV ct-9620 32 157 utilizes utilize VERB ct-9620 32 158 a a DET ct-9620 32 159 combination combination NOUN ct-9620 32 160 of of ADP ct-9620 32 161 sedation sedation NOUN ct-9620 32 162 and and CCONJ ct-9620 32 163 local local ADJ ct-9620 32 164 or or CCONJ ct-9620 32 165 regional regional ADJ ct-9620 32 166 anesthesia anesthesia NOUN ct-9620 32 167 . . PUNCT ct-9620 33 1 sacrococcygeal sacrococcygeal NOUN ct-9620 33 2 or or CCONJ ct-9620 33 3 lumbosacral lumbosacral ADJ ct-9620 33 4 epidural epidural NOUN ct-9620 33 5 anesthesia anesthesia PROPN ct-9620 33 6 is be AUX ct-9620 33 7 advantageous advantageous ADJ ct-9620 33 8 as as SCONJ ct-9620 33 9 it it PRON ct-9620 33 10 can can AUX ct-9620 33 11 induce induce VERB ct-9620 33 12 recumbency recumbency NOUN ct-9620 33 13 while while SCONJ ct-9620 33 14 providing provide VERB ct-9620 33 15 anesthesia anesthesia NOUN ct-9620 33 16 to to ADP ct-9620 33 17 the the DET ct-9620 33 18 paralumbar paralumbar ADJ ct-9620 33 19 fossa fossa NOUN ct-9620 33 20 or or CCONJ ct-9620 33 21 abdominal abdominal ADJ ct-9620 33 22 midline.19 midline.19 NOUN ct-9620 33 23 the the DET ct-9620 33 24 proximal proximal ADJ ct-9620 33 25 paravertebral paravertebral ADJ ct-9620 33 26 , , PUNCT ct-9620 33 27 distal distal ADJ ct-9620 33 28 paravertebral paravertebral ADJ ct-9620 33 29 , , PUNCT ct-9620 33 30 line line NOUN ct-9620 33 31 block block NOUN ct-9620 33 32 , , PUNCT ct-9620 33 33 or or CCONJ ct-9620 33 34 inverted inverted ADJ ct-9620 33 35 l l NOUN ct-9620 33 36 block block NOUN ct-9620 33 37 can can AUX ct-9620 33 38 also also ADV ct-9620 33 39 be be AUX ct-9620 33 40 used use VERB ct-9620 33 41 for for ADP ct-9620 33 42 anesthetizing anesthetize VERB ct-9620 33 43 the the DET ct-9620 33 44 paralumbar paralumbar ADJ ct-9620 33 45 fossa fossa NOUN ct-9620 33 46 . . PUNCT ct-9620 34 1 a a DET ct-9620 34 2 line line NOUN ct-9620 34 3 block block NOUN ct-9620 34 4 is be AUX ct-9620 34 5 the the DET ct-9620 34 6 most most ADV ct-9620 34 7 appropriate appropriate ADJ ct-9620 34 8 technique technique NOUN ct-9620 34 9 for for ADP ct-9620 34 10 the the DET ct-9620 34 11 ventral ventral ADJ ct-9620 34 12 midline midline NOUN ct-9620 34 13 celiotomy celiotomy ADJ ct-9620 34 14 approach approach NOUN ct-9620 34 15 of of ADP ct-9620 34 16 performing perform VERB ct-9620 34 17 a a DET ct-9620 34 18 c c NOUN ct-9620 34 19 - - PUNCT ct-9620 34 20 section section NOUN ct-9620 34 21 . . PUNCT ct-9620 35 1 patient patient ADJ ct-9620 35 2 condition condition NOUN ct-9620 35 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 35 4 demeanor demeanor NOUN ct-9620 35 5 , , PUNCT ct-9620 35 6 and and CCONJ ct-9620 35 7 surgical surgical ADJ ct-9620 35 8 approach approach NOUN ct-9620 35 9 dictates dictate VERB ct-9620 35 10 the the DET ct-9620 35 11 choices choice NOUN ct-9620 35 12 for for ADP ct-9620 35 13 sedative sedative ADJ ct-9620 35 14 agents agent NOUN ct-9620 35 15 or or CCONJ ct-9620 35 16 uncommonly uncommonly ADV ct-9620 35 17 the the DET ct-9620 35 18 need need NOUN ct-9620 35 19 for for ADP ct-9620 35 20 general general ADJ ct-9620 35 21 anesthesia anesthesia NOUN ct-9620 35 22 . . PUNCT ct-9620 36 1 at at ADP ct-9620 36 2 the the DET ct-9620 36 3 authors author NOUN ct-9620 36 4 ’ ’ PART ct-9620 36 5 hospital hospital NOUN ct-9620 36 6 , , PUNCT ct-9620 36 7 administration administration NOUN ct-9620 36 8 of of ADP ct-9620 36 9 a a DET ct-9620 36 10 lumbosacral lumbosacral ADJ ct-9620 36 11 epidural epidural NOUN ct-9620 36 12 is be AUX ct-9620 36 13 commonly commonly ADV ct-9620 36 14 the the DET ct-9620 36 15 first first ADJ ct-9620 36 16 step step NOUN ct-9620 36 17 in in ADP ct-9620 36 18 surgical surgical ADJ ct-9620 36 19 preparation preparation NOUN ct-9620 36 20 for for ADP ct-9620 36 21 small small ADJ ct-9620 36 22 ruminants ruminant NOUN ct-9620 36 23 undergoing undergo VERB ct-9620 36 24 cesarean cesarean ADJ ct-9620 36 25 section section NOUN ct-9620 36 26 . . PUNCT ct-9620 37 1 epidurals epidural NOUN ct-9620 37 2 in in ADP ct-9620 37 3 sheep sheep NOUN ct-9620 37 4 and and CCONJ ct-9620 37 5 goats goat NOUN ct-9620 37 6 can can AUX ct-9620 37 7 be be AUX ct-9620 37 8 performed perform VERB ct-9620 37 9 as as ADP ct-9620 37 10 in in ADP ct-9620 37 11 cattle cattle NOUN ct-9620 37 12 at at ADP ct-9620 37 13 the the DET ct-9620 37 14 sacrococcygeal sacrococcygeal NOUN ct-9620 37 15 space space NOUN ct-9620 37 16 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 37 17 s5 s5 NOUN ct-9620 37 18 - - PUNCT ct-9620 37 19 co1 co1 NOUN ct-9620 37 20 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 37 21 but but CCONJ ct-9620 37 22 are be AUX ct-9620 37 23 also also ADV ct-9620 37 24 easily easily ADV ct-9620 37 25 performed perform VERB ct-9620 37 26 and and CCONJ ct-9620 37 27 reliably reliably ADV ct-9620 37 28 effective effective ADJ ct-9620 37 29 when when SCONJ ct-9620 37 30 administered administer VERB ct-9620 37 31 at at ADP ct-9620 37 32 the the DET ct-9620 37 33 lumbosacral lumbosacral ADJ ct-9620 37 34 space.19 space.19 NOUN ct-9620 37 35 following follow VERB ct-9620 37 36 sterile sterile ADJ ct-9620 37 37 preparation preparation NOUN ct-9620 37 38 , , PUNCT ct-9620 37 39 the the DET ct-9620 37 40 depression depression NOUN ct-9620 37 41 overlying overlie VERB ct-9620 37 42 the the DET ct-9620 37 43 lumbosacral lumbosacral ADJ ct-9620 37 44 space space NOUN ct-9620 37 45 is be AUX ct-9620 37 46 identified identify VERB ct-9620 37 47 by by ADP ct-9620 37 48 palpation palpation NOUN ct-9620 37 49 on on ADP ct-9620 37 50 midline midline NOUN ct-9620 37 51 from from ADP ct-9620 37 52 along along ADP ct-9620 37 53 a a DET ct-9620 37 54 transverse transverse NOUN ct-9620 37 55 line line NOUN ct-9620 37 56 drawn draw VERB ct-9620 37 57 from from ADP ct-9620 37 58 the the DET ct-9620 37 59 wings wing NOUN ct-9620 37 60 of of ADP ct-9620 37 61 the the DET ct-9620 37 62 ilium ilium NOUN ct-9620 37 63 and and CCONJ ct-9620 37 64 identifying identify VERB ct-9620 37 65 the the DET ct-9620 37 66 dorsal dorsal NOUN ct-9620 37 67 spinous spinous ADJ ct-9620 37 68 processes process NOUN ct-9620 37 69 of of ADP ct-9620 37 70 the the DET ct-9620 37 71 last last ADJ ct-9620 37 72 lumbar lumbar NOUN ct-9620 37 73 vertebra vertebra NOUN ct-9620 37 74 and and CCONJ ct-9620 37 75 the the DET ct-9620 37 76 first first ADJ ct-9620 37 77 sacral sacral ADJ ct-9620 37 78 vertebra vertebra NOUN ct-9620 37 79 . . PUNCT ct-9620 38 1 an an DET ct-9620 38 2 18or 18or ADJ ct-9620 38 3 20 20 NUM ct-9620 38 4 - - PUNCT ct-9620 38 5 gauge gauge NOUN ct-9620 38 6 25 25 NUM ct-9620 38 7     SPACE ct-9620 38 8 millimeter millimeter NOUN ct-9620 38 9 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 38 10 mm mm NOUN ct-9620 38 11 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 38 12 needle needle NOUN ct-9620 38 13 is be AUX ct-9620 38 14 usually usually ADV ct-9620 38 15 sufficient sufficient ADJ ct-9620 38 16 to to PART ct-9620 38 17 administer administer VERB ct-9620 38 18 1–2 1–2 NUM ct-9620 38 19     SPACE ct-9620 38 20 milliliters milliliter NOUN ct-9620 38 21 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 38 22 ml ml NOUN ct-9620 38 23 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 38 24 per per ADP ct-9620 38 25 10 10 NUM ct-9620 38 26 kilograms kilogram NOUN ct-9620 38 27 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 38 28 kg kg NOUN ct-9620 38 29 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 38 30 of of ADP ct-9620 38 31 2 2 NUM ct-9620 38 32 % % NOUN ct-9620 38 33 lidocaine lidocaine NOUN ct-9620 38 34 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 38 35 vetone vetone PROPN ct-9620 38 36 ® ® PROPN ct-9620 38 37 , , PUNCT ct-9620 38 38 mwi mwi PROPN ct-9620 38 39 , , PUNCT ct-9620 38 40 boise boise PROPN ct-9620 38 41 , , PUNCT ct-9620 38 42 i i PROPN ct-9620 38 43 d d PROPN ct-9620 38 44 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 38 45 into into ADP ct-9620 38 46 the the DET ct-9620 38 47 epidural epidural ADJ ct-9620 38 48 space space NOUN ct-9620 38 49 using use VERB ct-9620 38 50 the the DET ct-9620 38 51 hanging hang VERB ct-9620 38 52 drop drop NOUN ct-9620 38 53 technique technique NOUN ct-9620 38 54 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 38 55 figure figure NOUN ct-9620 38 56 1).23 1).23 PROPN ct-9620 38 57 a a DET ct-9620 38 58 longer long ADJ ct-9620 38 59 needle needle NOUN ct-9620 38 60 , , PUNCT ct-9620 38 61 such such ADJ ct-9620 38 62 as as ADP ct-9620 38 63 figure figure NOUN ct-9620 38 64 1 1 NUM ct-9620 38 65 . . PUNCT ct-9620 39 1 palpation palpation NOUN ct-9620 39 2 of of ADP ct-9620 39 3 the the DET ct-9620 39 4 landmarks landmark NOUN ct-9620 39 5 for for ADP ct-9620 39 6 a a DET ct-9620 39 7 lumbosacral lumbosacral ADJ ct-9620 39 8 epidural epidural NOUN ct-9620 39 9 . . PUNCT ct-9620 40 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9620 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9620 PROPN ct-9620 40 2 72 72 NUM ct-9620 40 3 citation citation NOUN ct-9620 40 4 line line NOUN ct-9620 40 5 : : PUNCT ct-9620 40 6 clinical clinical ADJ ct-9620 40 7 theriogenology theriogenology NOUN ct-9620 40 8 2023 2023 NUM ct-9620 40 9 , , PUNCT ct-9620 40 10 15 15 NUM ct-9620 40 11 , , PUNCT ct-9620 40 12 9620 9620 NUM ct-9620 40 13 , , PUNCT ct-9620 40 14 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9620 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9620 VERB ct-9620 40 15 a a DET ct-9620 40 16 20 20 NUM ct-9620 40 17 - - PUNCT ct-9620 40 18 gauge gauge NOUN ct-9620 40 19 75 75 NUM ct-9620 40 20 mm mm NOUN ct-9620 40 21 or or CCONJ ct-9620 40 22 spinal spinal NOUN ct-9620 40 23 needle needle NOUN ct-9620 40 24 , , PUNCT ct-9620 40 25 may may AUX ct-9620 40 26 be be AUX ct-9620 40 27 required require VERB ct-9620 40 28 in in ADP ct-9620 40 29 larger large ADJ ct-9620 40 30 does do AUX ct-9620 40 31 and and CCONJ ct-9620 40 32 ewes.24 ewes.24 PROPN ct-9620 40 33 epidural epidural PROPN ct-9620 40 34 administration administration NOUN ct-9620 40 35 of of ADP ct-9620 40 36 2 2 NUM ct-9620 40 37 % % NOUN ct-9620 40 38 lidocaine lidocaine NOUN ct-9620 40 39 at at ADP ct-9620 40 40 this this DET ct-9620 40 41 dose dose NOUN ct-9620 40 42 and and CCONJ ct-9620 40 43 volume volume NOUN ct-9620 40 44 will will AUX ct-9620 40 45 provide provide VERB ct-9620 40 46 analgesia analgesia NOUN ct-9620 40 47 of of ADP ct-9620 40 48 the the DET ct-9620 40 49 caudal caudal NOUN ct-9620 40 50 abdomen abdomen NOUN ct-9620 40 51 to to ADP ct-9620 40 52 the the DET ct-9620 40 53 level level NOUN ct-9620 40 54 of of ADP ct-9620 40 55 the the DET ct-9620 40 56 umbilicus umbilicus NOUN ct-9620 40 57 sufficient sufficient ADJ ct-9620 40 58 for for ADP ct-9620 40 59 either either CCONJ ct-9620 40 60 the the DET ct-9620 40 61 flank flank ADJ ct-9620 40 62 or or CCONJ ct-9620 40 63 ventral ventral ADJ ct-9620 40 64 midline midline NOUN ct-9620 40 65 approach approach NOUN ct-9620 40 66 ; ; PUNCT ct-9620 40 67 the the DET ct-9620 40 68 animal animal NOUN ct-9620 40 69 will will AUX ct-9620 40 70 become become VERB ct-9620 40 71 recumbent.24–26 recumbent.24–26 ADJ ct-9620 40 72 should should AUX ct-9620 40 73 the the DET ct-9620 40 74 subarachnoid subarachnoid NOUN ct-9620 40 75 space space NOUN ct-9620 40 76 be be AUX ct-9620 40 77 penetrated penetrate VERB ct-9620 40 78 while while SCONJ ct-9620 40 79 attempting attempt VERB ct-9620 40 80 to to PART ct-9620 40 81 place place VERB ct-9620 40 82 the the DET ct-9620 40 83 needle needle NOUN ct-9620 40 84 for for ADP ct-9620 40 85 administration administration NOUN ct-9620 40 86 of of ADP ct-9620 40 87 the the DET ct-9620 40 88 lumbosacral lumbosacral ADJ ct-9620 40 89 epidural epidural NOUN ct-9620 40 90 , , PUNCT ct-9620 40 91 flow flow NOUN ct-9620 40 92 of of ADP ct-9620 40 93 spinal spinal ADJ ct-9620 40 94 fluid fluid NOUN ct-9620 40 95 from from ADP ct-9620 40 96 the the DET ct-9620 40 97 needle needle NOUN ct-9620 40 98 will will AUX ct-9620 40 99 be be AUX ct-9620 40 100 observed observe VERB ct-9620 40 101 . . PUNCT ct-9620 41 1 in in ADP ct-9620 41 2 that that DET ct-9620 41 3 instance instance NOUN ct-9620 41 4 , , PUNCT ct-9620 41 5 the the DET ct-9620 41 6 needle needle NOUN ct-9620 41 7 may may AUX ct-9620 41 8 be be AUX ct-9620 41 9 either either CCONJ ct-9620 41 10 repositioned reposition VERB ct-9620 41 11 , , PUNCT ct-9620 41 12 or or CCONJ ct-9620 41 13 half half NOUN ct-9620 41 14 of of ADP ct-9620 41 15 the the DET ct-9620 41 16 dose dose NOUN ct-9620 41 17 originally originally ADV ct-9620 41 18 planned plan VERB ct-9620 41 19 for for ADP ct-9620 41 20 epidural epidural ADJ ct-9620 41 21 anesthesia anesthesia PROPN ct-9620 41 22 can can AUX ct-9620 41 23 be be AUX ct-9620 41 24 safely safely ADV ct-9620 41 25 administered administer VERB ct-9620 41 26 into into ADP ct-9620 41 27 the the DET ct-9620 41 28 subarachnoid subarachnoid ADJ ct-9620 41 29 space.19 space.19 NOUN ct-9620 41 30 other other ADJ ct-9620 41 31 reports report NOUN ct-9620 41 32 describe describe VERB ct-9620 41 33 using use VERB ct-9620 41 34 xylazine xylazine PROPN ct-9620 41 35 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 41 36 anased anase VERB ct-9620 41 37 ® ® NOUN ct-9620 41 38 injection injection NOUN ct-9620 41 39 , , PUNCT ct-9620 41 40 akorn akorn PROPN ct-9620 41 41 , , PUNCT ct-9620 41 42 lake lake PROPN ct-9620 41 43 forest forest PROPN ct-9620 41 44 , , PUNCT ct-9620 41 45 il il PROPN ct-9620 41 46 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 41 47 at at ADP ct-9620 41 48 0.07 0.07 NUM ct-9620 41 49 milligram/ milligram/ NUM ct-9620 41 50 kilogram kilogram PROPN ct-9620 41 51 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 41 52 mg/ mg/ PROPN ct-9620 41 53 kg kg PROPN ct-9620 41 54 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 41 55 with with ADP ct-9620 41 56 or or CCONJ ct-9620 41 57 without without ADP ct-9620 41 58 lidocaine lidocaine NOUN ct-9620 41 59 to to PART ct-9620 41 60 extend extend VERB ct-9620 41 61 the the DET ct-9620 41 62 duration duration NOUN ct-9620 41 63 of of ADP ct-9620 41 64 epidural epidural ADJ ct-9620 41 65 anesthesia.24 anesthesia.24 NOUN ct-9620 41 66 if if SCONJ ct-9620 41 67 the the DET ct-9620 41 68 lumbosacral lumbosacral ADJ ct-9620 41 69 epidural epidural NOUN ct-9620 41 70 fails fail VERB ct-9620 41 71 to to PART ct-9620 41 72 provide provide VERB ct-9620 41 73 adequate adequate ADJ ct-9620 41 74 analgesia analgesia NOUN ct-9620 41 75 for for ADP ct-9620 41 76 surgery surgery NOUN ct-9620 41 77 , , PUNCT ct-9620 41 78 paralumbar paralumbar NOUN ct-9620 41 79 fossa fossa NOUN ct-9620 41 80 anesthesia anesthesia PROPN ct-9620 41 81 can can AUX ct-9620 41 82 be be AUX ct-9620 41 83 supplemented supplement VERB ct-9620 41 84 with with ADP ct-9620 41 85 either either CCONJ ct-9620 41 86 an an DET ct-9620 41 87 inverted inverted ADJ ct-9620 41 88 l l NOUN ct-9620 41 89 block block NOUN ct-9620 41 90 or or CCONJ ct-9620 41 91 a a DET ct-9620 41 92 line line NOUN ct-9620 41 93 block block NOUN ct-9620 41 94 . . PUNCT ct-9620 42 1 alternatively alternatively ADV ct-9620 42 2 , , PUNCT ct-9620 42 3 distal distal ADJ ct-9620 42 4 and and CCONJ ct-9620 42 5 proximal proximal ADJ ct-9620 42 6 paravertebral paravertebral ADJ ct-9620 42 7 blocks block NOUN ct-9620 42 8 have have AUX ct-9620 42 9 been be AUX ct-9620 42 10 described describe VERB ct-9620 42 11 for for ADP ct-9620 42 12 small small ADJ ct-9620 42 13 ruminants ruminant NOUN ct-9620 42 14 using use VERB ct-9620 42 15 smaller small ADJ ct-9620 42 16 volumes volume NOUN ct-9620 42 17 of of ADP ct-9620 42 18 lidocaine lidocaine NOUN ct-9620 42 19 compared compare VERB ct-9620 42 20 to to ADP ct-9620 42 21 cattle.25 cattle.25 NOUN ct-9620 42 22 two two NUM ct-9620 42 23 percent percent NOUN ct-9620 42 24 lidocaine lidocaine NOUN ct-9620 42 25 can can AUX ct-9620 42 26 be be AUX ct-9620 42 27 diluted dilute VERB ct-9620 42 28 1:1 1:1 NUM ct-9620 42 29 using use VERB ct-9620 42 30 normal normal ADJ ct-9620 42 31 saline saline NOUN ct-9620 42 32 to to PART ct-9620 42 33 increase increase VERB ct-9620 42 34 the the DET ct-9620 42 35 volume volume NOUN ct-9620 42 36 for for ADP ct-9620 42 37 distribution distribution NOUN ct-9620 42 38 of of ADP ct-9620 42 39 the the DET ct-9620 42 40 local local ADJ ct-9620 42 41 anesthetic anesthetic ADJ ct-9620 42 42 agent agent NOUN ct-9620 42 43 . . PUNCT ct-9620 43 1 a a DET ct-9620 43 2 line line NOUN ct-9620 43 3 block block NOUN ct-9620 43 4 is be AUX ct-9620 43 5 commonly commonly ADV ct-9620 43 6 chosen choose VERB ct-9620 43 7 by by ADP ct-9620 43 8 some some DET ct-9620 43 9 practitioners practitioner NOUN ct-9620 43 10 for for ADP ct-9620 43 11 the the DET ct-9620 43 12 ventral ventral ADJ ct-9620 43 13 midline midline NOUN ct-9620 43 14 approach approach NOUN ct-9620 43 15 and and CCONJ ct-9620 43 16 inhalant inhalant NOUN ct-9620 43 17 isoflurane isoflurane NOUN ct-9620 43 18 can can AUX ct-9620 43 19 be be AUX ct-9620 43 20 used use VERB ct-9620 43 21 to to PART ct-9620 43 22 maintain maintain VERB ct-9620 43 23 anesthetic anesthetic ADJ ct-9620 43 24 depth depth NOUN ct-9620 43 25 if if SCONJ ct-9620 43 26 necessary necessary ADJ ct-9620 43 27 . . PUNCT ct-9620 44 1 small small ADJ ct-9620 44 2 ruminant ruminant NOUN ct-9620 44 3 practitioners practitioner NOUN ct-9620 44 4 should should AUX ct-9620 44 5 be be AUX ct-9620 44 6 aware aware ADJ ct-9620 44 7 that that SCONJ ct-9620 44 8 sheep sheep NOUN ct-9620 44 9 and and CCONJ ct-9620 44 10 goats goat NOUN ct-9620 44 11 are be AUX ct-9620 44 12 more more ADV ct-9620 44 13 sensitive sensitive ADJ ct-9620 44 14 to to ADP ct-9620 44 15 lidocaine lidocaine NOUN ct-9620 44 16 toxicity toxicity NOUN ct-9620 44 17 compared compare VERB ct-9620 44 18 to to ADP ct-9620 44 19 cattle cattle NOUN ct-9620 44 20 . . PUNCT ct-9620 45 1 the the DET ct-9620 45 2 reported report VERB ct-9620 45 3 safe safe ADJ ct-9620 45 4 doses dose NOUN ct-9620 45 5 of of ADP ct-9620 45 6 lidocaine lidocaine NOUN ct-9620 45 7 range range NOUN ct-9620 45 8 from from ADP ct-9620 45 9 4 4 NUM ct-9620 45 10 to to PART ct-9620 45 11 10 10 NUM ct-9620 45 12 mg mg PROPN ct-9620 45 13 / / SYM ct-9620 45 14 kg.2,24,25,27,28 kg.2,24,25,27,28 PROPN ct-9620 45 15 at at ADP ct-9620 45 16 the the DET ct-9620 45 17 author author NOUN ct-9620 45 18 ’s ’s PART ct-9620 45 19 hospital hospital NOUN ct-9620 45 20 , , PUNCT ct-9620 45 21 maximum maximum ADJ ct-9620 45 22 levels level NOUN ct-9620 45 23 of of ADP ct-9620 45 24 2 2 NUM ct-9620 45 25 % % NOUN ct-9620 45 26 lidocaine lidocaine NOUN ct-9620 45 27 used use VERB ct-9620 45 28 in in ADP ct-9620 45 29 small small ADJ ct-9620 45 30 ruminants ruminant NOUN ct-9620 45 31 is be AUX ct-9620 45 32 6 6 NUM ct-9620 45 33 mg mg PROPN ct-9620 45 34 / / SYM ct-9620 45 35 kg.4 kg.4 PROPN ct-9620 45 36 convulsions convulsion NOUN ct-9620 45 37 due due ADP ct-9620 45 38 to to ADP ct-9620 45 39 iv iv NUM ct-9620 45 40 administration administration NOUN ct-9620 45 41 of of ADP ct-9620 45 42 lidocaine lidocaine NOUN ct-9620 45 43 have have AUX ct-9620 45 44 been be AUX ct-9620 45 45 reported report VERB ct-9620 45 46 to to PART ct-9620 45 47 occur occur VERB ct-9620 45 48 as as ADV ct-9620 45 49 low low ADJ ct-9620 45 50 as as ADP ct-9620 45 51 3.7 3.7 NUM ct-9620 45 52 mg mg PROPN ct-9620 45 53 / / SYM ct-9620 45 54 kg kg PROPN ct-9620 45 55 in in ADP ct-9620 45 56 adult adult NOUN ct-9620 45 57 ewes ewe NOUN ct-9620 45 58 , , PUNCT ct-9620 45 59 but but CCONJ ct-9620 45 60 toxic toxic ADJ ct-9620 45 61 effects effect NOUN ct-9620 45 62 were be AUX ct-9620 45 63 not not PART ct-9620 45 64 apparent apparent ADJ ct-9620 45 65 when when SCONJ ct-9620 45 66 administered administer VERB ct-9620 45 67 subcutaneously subcutaneously ADV ct-9620 45 68 until until ADP ct-9620 45 69 an an DET ct-9620 45 70 average average NOUN ct-9620 45 71 of of ADP ct-9620 45 72 12 12 NUM ct-9620 45 73     SPACE ct-9620 45 74 mg mg PROPN ct-9620 45 75 / / SYM ct-9620 45 76 kg kg PROPN ct-9620 45 77 in in ADP ct-9620 45 78 goat goat PROPN ct-9620 45 79 kids.29,30 kids.29,30 PROPN ct-9620 45 80 an an DET ct-9620 45 81 example example NOUN ct-9620 45 82 case case NOUN ct-9620 45 83 of of ADP ct-9620 45 84 a a DET ct-9620 45 85 local local ADJ ct-9620 45 86 anesthetic anesthetic NOUN ct-9620 45 87 protocol protocol NOUN ct-9620 45 88 for for ADP ct-9620 45 89 a a DET ct-9620 45 90 25 25 NUM ct-9620 45 91 kg kg NOUN ct-9620 45 92 doe doe NOUN ct-9620 45 93 , , PUNCT ct-9620 45 94 of of ADP ct-9620 45 95 which which PRON ct-9620 45 96 the the DET ct-9620 45 97 maximum maximum ADJ ct-9620 45 98 safe safe ADJ ct-9620 45 99 dose dose NOUN ct-9620 45 100 of of ADP ct-9620 45 101 lidocaine lidocaine NOUN ct-9620 45 102 would would AUX ct-9620 45 103 be be AUX ct-9620 45 104 7.5 7.5 NUM ct-9620 45 105 ml ml NOUN ct-9620 45 106 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 45 107 150 150 NUM ct-9620 45 108 mg mg NUM ct-9620 45 109 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 45 110 , , PUNCT ct-9620 45 111 would would AUX ct-9620 45 112 be be AUX ct-9620 45 113 to to PART ct-9620 45 114 administer administer VERB ct-9620 45 115 2.5 2.5 NUM ct-9620 45 116 ml ml NOUN ct-9620 45 117 of of ADP ct-9620 45 118 2 2 NUM ct-9620 45 119 % % NOUN ct-9620 45 120 lidocaine lidocaine NOUN ct-9620 45 121 as as ADP ct-9620 45 122 a a DET ct-9620 45 123 lumbosacral lumbosacral ADJ ct-9620 45 124 epidural epidural NOUN ct-9620 45 125 and and CCONJ ct-9620 45 126 use use VERB ct-9620 45 127 5 5 NUM ct-9620 45 128 ml ml NOUN ct-9620 45 129 of of ADP ct-9620 45 130 2 2 NUM ct-9620 45 131 % % NOUN ct-9620 45 132 lidocaine lidocaine NOUN ct-9620 45 133 diluted dilute VERB ct-9620 45 134 1:1 1:1 NUM ct-9620 45 135 with with ADP ct-9620 45 136 normal normal ADJ ct-9620 45 137 saline saline NOUN ct-9620 45 138 to to PART ct-9620 45 139 allow allow VERB ct-9620 45 140 10 10 NUM ct-9620 45 141 ml ml NOUN ct-9620 45 142 of of ADP ct-9620 45 143 solution solution NOUN ct-9620 45 144 to to PART ct-9620 45 145 be be AUX ct-9620 45 146 used use VERB ct-9620 45 147 as as ADP ct-9620 45 148 a a DET ct-9620 45 149 line line NOUN ct-9620 45 150 block block NOUN ct-9620 45 151 or or CCONJ ct-9620 45 152 regional regional ADJ ct-9620 45 153 block block NOUN ct-9620 45 154 . . PUNCT ct-9620 46 1 in in ADP ct-9620 46 2 addition addition NOUN ct-9620 46 3 to to ADP ct-9620 46 4 local local ADJ ct-9620 46 5 and and CCONJ ct-9620 46 6 regional regional ADJ ct-9620 46 7 anesthesia anesthesia NOUN ct-9620 46 8 , , PUNCT ct-9620 46 9 some some DET ct-9620 46 10 level level NOUN ct-9620 46 11 of of ADP ct-9620 46 12 sedation sedation NOUN ct-9620 46 13 is be AUX ct-9620 46 14 advised advise VERB ct-9620 46 15 . . PUNCT ct-9620 47 1 midazolam midazolam PROPN ct-9620 47 2 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 47 3 midazolam midazolam PROPN ct-9620 47 4 hydrochloride hydrochloride NOUN ct-9620 47 5 , , PUNCT ct-9620 47 6 west west NOUN ct-9620 47 7 - - PUNCT ct-9620 47 8 ward ward NOUN ct-9620 47 9 , , PUNCT ct-9620 47 10 eatontown eatontown PROPN ct-9620 47 11 , , PUNCT ct-9620 47 12 nj nj PROPN ct-9620 47 13 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 47 14 is be AUX ct-9620 47 15 commonly commonly ADV ct-9620 47 16 used use VERB ct-9620 47 17 beginning begin VERB ct-9620 47 18 at at ADP ct-9620 47 19 0.2 0.2 NUM ct-9620 47 20 mg mg NOUN ct-9620 47 21 / / SYM ct-9620 47 22 kg kg NOUN ct-9620 47 23 and and CCONJ ct-9620 47 24 increasing increase VERB ct-9620 47 25 if if SCONJ ct-9620 47 26 necessary necessary ADJ ct-9620 47 27 to to ADP ct-9620 47 28 0.4 0.4 NUM ct-9620 47 29 mg mg PROPN ct-9620 47 30 / / SYM ct-9620 47 31 kg.31 kg.31 PROPN ct-9620 47 32 xylazine xylazine NOUN ct-9620 47 33 is be AUX ct-9620 47 34 usually usually ADV ct-9620 47 35 not not PART ct-9620 47 36 recommended recommend VERB ct-9620 47 37 as as ADP ct-9620 47 38 a a DET ct-9620 47 39 first first ADJ ct-9620 47 40 choice choice NOUN ct-9620 47 41 because because SCONJ ct-9620 47 42 fetal fetal ADJ ct-9620 47 43 hypoxemia hypoxemia NOUN ct-9620 47 44 , , PUNCT ct-9620 47 45 respiratory respiratory ADJ ct-9620 47 46 acidosis acidosis NOUN ct-9620 47 47 , , PUNCT ct-9620 47 48 increased increase VERB ct-9620 47 49 uterine uterine ADJ ct-9620 47 50 contractions contraction NOUN ct-9620 47 51 , , PUNCT ct-9620 47 52 and and CCONJ ct-9620 47 53 decreased decrease VERB ct-9620 47 54 uterine uterine ADJ ct-9620 47 55 blood blood NOUN ct-9620 47 56 flow flow NOUN ct-9620 47 57 have have AUX ct-9620 47 58 been be AUX ct-9620 47 59 associated associate VERB ct-9620 47 60 with with ADP ct-9620 47 61 its its PRON ct-9620 47 62 use.32 use.32 NOUN ct-9620 47 63 if if SCONJ ct-9620 47 64 necessary necessary ADJ ct-9620 47 65 , , PUNCT ct-9620 47 66 xylazine xylazine NOUN ct-9620 47 67 may may AUX ct-9620 47 68 be be AUX ct-9620 47 69 used use VERB ct-9620 47 70 at at ADP ct-9620 47 71 low low ADJ ct-9620 47 72 doses dose NOUN ct-9620 47 73 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 47 74 0.01–0.05 0.01–0.05 ADJ ct-9620 47 75 mg mg PROPN ct-9620 47 76 / / SYM ct-9620 47 77 kg kg PROPN ct-9620 47 78 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 47 79 after after ADP ct-9620 47 80 removing remove VERB ct-9620 47 81 any any DET ct-9620 47 82 live live ADJ ct-9620 47 83 fetuses.31 fetuses.31 NOUN ct-9620 47 84 placement placement NOUN ct-9620 47 85 of of ADP ct-9620 47 86 a a DET ct-9620 47 87 jugular jugular ADJ ct-9620 47 88 catheter catheter NOUN ct-9620 47 89 for for ADP ct-9620 47 90 venous venous ADJ ct-9620 47 91 access access NOUN ct-9620 47 92 facilitates facilitate VERB ct-9620 47 93 drug drug NOUN ct-9620 47 94 re re NOUN ct-9620 47 95 - - VERB ct-9620 47 96 dosing dose VERB ct-9620 47 97 and and CCONJ ct-9620 47 98 allows allow VERB ct-9620 47 99 for for ADP ct-9620 47 100 intravenous intravenous ADJ ct-9620 47 101 fluid fluid NOUN ct-9620 47 102 support support NOUN ct-9620 47 103 during during ADP ct-9620 47 104 and and CCONJ ct-9620 47 105 following follow VERB ct-9620 47 106 surgery surgery NOUN ct-9620 47 107 . . PUNCT ct-9620 48 1 surgical surgical ADJ ct-9620 48 2 procedure procedure NOUN ct-9620 48 3 c c NOUN ct-9620 48 4 - - PUNCT ct-9620 48 5 section section NOUN ct-9620 48 6 in in ADP ct-9620 48 7 the the DET ct-9620 48 8 small small ADJ ct-9620 48 9 ruminant ruminant NOUN ct-9620 48 10 is be AUX ct-9620 48 11 performed perform VERB ct-9620 48 12 utilizing utilize VERB ct-9620 48 13 a a DET ct-9620 48 14 left left ADJ ct-9620 48 15 paralumbar paralumbar ADJ ct-9620 48 16 incision incision NOUN ct-9620 48 17 or or CCONJ ct-9620 48 18 a a DET ct-9620 48 19 ventral ventral ADJ ct-9620 48 20 midline midline NOUN ct-9620 48 21 approach approach NOUN ct-9620 48 22 . . PUNCT ct-9620 49 1 the the DET ct-9620 49 2 surgical surgical ADJ ct-9620 49 3 approach approach NOUN ct-9620 49 4 chosen choose VERB ct-9620 49 5 must must AUX ct-9620 49 6 include include VERB ct-9620 49 7 consideration consideration NOUN ct-9620 49 8 of of ADP ct-9620 49 9 the the DET ct-9620 49 10 health health NOUN ct-9620 49 11 of of ADP ct-9620 49 12 the the DET ct-9620 49 13 dam dam NOUN ct-9620 49 14 , , PUNCT ct-9620 49 15 the the DET ct-9620 49 16 risk risk NOUN ct-9620 49 17 to to ADP ct-9620 49 18 the the DET ct-9620 49 19 fetus(es fetus(es NOUN ct-9620 49 20 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 49 21 , , PUNCT ct-9620 49 22 and and CCONJ ct-9620 49 23 the the DET ct-9620 49 24 availability availability NOUN ct-9620 49 25 of of ADP ct-9620 49 26 support support NOUN ct-9620 49 27 personnel personnel NOUN ct-9620 49 28 . . PUNCT ct-9620 50 1 the the DET ct-9620 50 2 best good ADJ ct-9620 50 3 visualization visualization NOUN ct-9620 50 4 and and CCONJ ct-9620 50 5 exposure exposure NOUN ct-9620 50 6 of of ADP ct-9620 50 7 the the DET ct-9620 50 8 uterus uterus NOUN ct-9620 50 9 is be AUX ct-9620 50 10 possible possible ADJ ct-9620 50 11 with with ADP ct-9620 50 12 a a DET ct-9620 50 13 ventral ventral ADJ ct-9620 50 14 midline midline NOUN ct-9620 50 15 approach approach NOUN ct-9620 50 16 and and CCONJ ct-9620 50 17 is be AUX ct-9620 50 18 preferred prefer VERB ct-9620 50 19 when when SCONJ ct-9620 50 20 uterine uterine ADJ ct-9620 50 21 contents content NOUN ct-9620 50 22 may may AUX ct-9620 50 23 be be AUX ct-9620 50 24 contaminated.24 contaminated.24 NOUN ct-9620 50 25 when when SCONJ ct-9620 50 26 ruminants ruminant NOUN ct-9620 50 27 are be AUX ct-9620 50 28 positioned position VERB ct-9620 50 29 in in ADP ct-9620 50 30 dorsal dorsal NOUN ct-9620 50 31 recumbency recumbency NOUN ct-9620 50 32 , , PUNCT ct-9620 50 33 respiratory respiratory ADJ ct-9620 50 34 compromise compromise NOUN ct-9620 50 35 from from ADP ct-9620 50 36 abdominal abdominal ADJ ct-9620 50 37 pressure pressure NOUN ct-9620 50 38 on on ADP ct-9620 50 39 the the DET ct-9620 50 40 diaphragm diaphragm NOUN ct-9620 50 41 can can AUX ct-9620 50 42 occur occur VERB ct-9620 50 43 . . PUNCT ct-9620 51 1 some some DET ct-9620 51 2 clinicians clinician NOUN ct-9620 51 3 prefer prefer VERB ct-9620 51 4 general general ADJ ct-9620 51 5 anesthesia anesthesia NOUN ct-9620 51 6 and and CCONJ ct-9620 51 7 endotracheal endotracheal NOUN ct-9620 51 8 intubation intubation NOUN ct-9620 51 9 when when SCONJ ct-9620 51 10 performing perform VERB ct-9620 51 11 a a DET ct-9620 51 12 ventral ventral ADJ ct-9620 51 13 midline midline NOUN ct-9620 51 14 approach approach NOUN ct-9620 51 15 to to PART ct-9620 51 16 allow allow VERB ct-9620 51 17 for for ADP ct-9620 51 18 controlled control VERB ct-9620 51 19 ventilation.16 ventilation.16 PROPN ct-9620 51 20 a a DET ct-9620 51 21 paralumbar paralumbar PROPN ct-9620 51 22 fossa fossa NOUN ct-9620 51 23 approach approach NOUN ct-9620 51 24 allows allow VERB ct-9620 51 25 adequate adequate ADJ ct-9620 51 26 visualization visualization NOUN ct-9620 51 27 for for ADP ct-9620 51 28 most most ADJ ct-9620 51 29 cases case NOUN ct-9620 51 30 with with ADP ct-9620 51 31 less less ADJ ct-9620 51 32 compromise compromise NOUN ct-9620 51 33 to to PART ct-9620 51 34 patient patient VERB ct-9620 51 35 ventilation.2 ventilation.2 ADJ ct-9620 51 36 mild mild ADJ ct-9620 51 37 respiratory respiratory ADJ ct-9620 51 38 compromise compromise NOUN ct-9620 51 39 can can AUX ct-9620 51 40 be be AUX ct-9620 51 41 minimized minimize VERB ct-9620 51 42 by by ADP ct-9620 51 43 providing provide VERB ct-9620 51 44 flow flow NOUN ct-9620 51 45 - - PUNCT ct-9620 51 46 by by ADP ct-9620 51 47 nasal nasal ADJ ct-9620 51 48 oxygen oxygen NOUN ct-9620 51 49 and and CCONJ ct-9620 51 50 monitoring monitoring NOUN ct-9620 51 51 for for ADP ct-9620 51 52 cyanosis cyanosis NOUN ct-9620 51 53 of of ADP ct-9620 51 54 the the DET ct-9620 51 55 mucous mucous ADJ ct-9620 51 56 membranes membrane NOUN ct-9620 51 57 . . PUNCT ct-9620 52 1 flank flank PROPN ct-9620 52 2 approach approach NOUN ct-9620 52 3 the the DET ct-9620 52 4 left left ADJ ct-9620 52 5 paralumbar paralumbar PROPN ct-9620 52 6 fossa fossa NOUN ct-9620 52 7 is be AUX ct-9620 52 8 the the DET ct-9620 52 9 most most ADV ct-9620 52 10 common common ADJ ct-9620 52 11 surgical surgical ADJ ct-9620 52 12 approach approach NOUN ct-9620 52 13 chosen.4,33 chosen.4,33 PROPN ct-9620 52 14 in in ADP ct-9620 52 15 this this DET ct-9620 52 16 approach approach NOUN ct-9620 52 17 , , PUNCT ct-9620 52 18 the the DET ct-9620 52 19 patient patient NOUN ct-9620 52 20 is be AUX ct-9620 52 21 positioned position VERB ct-9620 52 22 in in ADP ct-9620 52 23 modified modify VERB ct-9620 52 24 right right ADJ ct-9620 52 25 lateral lateral ADJ ct-9620 52 26 recumbency recumbency NOUN ct-9620 52 27 tilted tilt VERB ct-9620 52 28 at at ADP ct-9620 52 29 a a DET ct-9620 52 30 ~30 ~30 X ct-9620 52 31 degree degree NOUN ct-9620 52 32 angle angle NOUN ct-9620 52 33 toward toward ADP ct-9620 52 34 the the DET ct-9620 52 35 surgeon surgeon NOUN ct-9620 52 36 . . PUNCT ct-9620 53 1 in in ADP ct-9620 53 2 a a DET ct-9620 53 3 field field NOUN ct-9620 53 4 setting set VERB ct-9620 53 5 , , PUNCT ct-9620 53 6 if if SCONJ ct-9620 53 7 patient patient ADJ ct-9620 53 8 demeanor demeanor NOUN ct-9620 53 9 and and CCONJ ct-9620 53 10 systemic systemic ADJ ct-9620 53 11 stability stability NOUN ct-9620 53 12 allows allow VERB ct-9620 53 13 , , PUNCT ct-9620 53 14 the the DET ct-9620 53 15 patient patient NOUN ct-9620 53 16 can can AUX ct-9620 53 17 be be AUX ct-9620 53 18 restrained restrain VERB ct-9620 53 19 in in ADP ct-9620 53 20 a a DET ct-9620 53 21 standing stand VERB ct-9620 53 22 position position NOUN ct-9620 53 23 . . PUNCT ct-9620 54 1 often often ADV ct-9620 54 2 , , PUNCT ct-9620 54 3 a a DET ct-9620 54 4 show show NOUN ct-9620 54 5 trimming trim VERB ct-9620 54 6 stand stand NOUN ct-9620 54 7 placed place VERB ct-9620 54 8 against against ADP ct-9620 54 9 a a DET ct-9620 54 10 wall wall NOUN ct-9620 54 11 is be AUX ct-9620 54 12 used use VERB ct-9620 54 13 to to PART ct-9620 54 14 restrain restrain VERB ct-9620 54 15 the the DET ct-9620 54 16 dam dam NOUN ct-9620 54 17 and and CCONJ ct-9620 54 18 allows allow VERB ct-9620 54 19 a a DET ct-9620 54 20 convenient convenient ADJ ct-9620 54 21 operating operating NOUN ct-9620 54 22 height height NOUN ct-9620 54 23 for for ADP ct-9620 54 24 the the DET ct-9620 54 25 surgeon.34 surgeon.34 NOUN ct-9620 54 26 the the DET ct-9620 54 27 left left ADJ ct-9620 54 28 flank flank NOUN ct-9620 54 29 is be AUX ct-9620 54 30 surgically surgically ADV ct-9620 54 31 clipped clip VERB ct-9620 54 32 and and CCONJ ct-9620 54 33 prepped preppe VERB ct-9620 54 34 . . PUNCT ct-9620 55 1 a a DET ct-9620 55 2 vertical vertical ADJ ct-9620 55 3 or or CCONJ ct-9620 55 4 slightly slightly ADV ct-9620 55 5 oblique oblique ADJ ct-9620 55 6 15–25 15–25 NUM ct-9620 55 7 centimeter centimeter NOUN ct-9620 55 8 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 55 9 cm cm NOUN ct-9620 55 10 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 55 11 skin skin NOUN ct-9620 55 12 incision incision NOUN ct-9620 55 13 is be AUX ct-9620 55 14 made make VERB ct-9620 55 15 beginning begin VERB ct-9620 55 16 approximately approximately ADV ct-9620 55 17 10 10 NUM ct-9620 55 18 cm cm NOUN ct-9620 55 19 below below ADP ct-9620 55 20 the the DET ct-9620 55 21 transverse transverse NOUN ct-9620 55 22 processes process NOUN ct-9620 55 23 of of ADP ct-9620 55 24 the the DET ct-9620 55 25 lumbar lumbar NOUN ct-9620 55 26 vertebrae vertebrae NOUN ct-9620 55 27 centered center VERB ct-9620 55 28 in in ADP ct-9620 55 29 the the DET ct-9620 55 30 paralumbar paralumbar ADJ ct-9620 55 31 fossa fossa NOUN ct-9620 55 32 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 55 33 figure figure NOUN ct-9620 55 34 2).24 2).24 NUM ct-9620 55 35 the the DET ct-9620 55 36 skin skin NOUN ct-9620 55 37 and and CCONJ ct-9620 55 38 the the DET ct-9620 55 39 cutaneous cutaneous ADJ ct-9620 55 40 trunci trunci PROPN ct-9620 55 41 muscle muscle NOUN ct-9620 55 42 are be AUX ct-9620 55 43 incised incise VERB ct-9620 55 44 sharply sharply ADV ct-9620 55 45 . . PUNCT ct-9620 56 1 occasionally occasionally ADV ct-9620 56 2 , , PUNCT ct-9620 56 3 if if SCONJ ct-9620 56 4 a a DET ct-9620 56 5 small small ADJ ct-9620 56 6 fetus fetus NOUN ct-9620 56 7 is be AUX ct-9620 56 8 expected expect VERB ct-9620 56 9 , , PUNCT ct-9620 56 10 the the DET ct-9620 56 11 muscles muscle NOUN ct-9620 56 12 can can AUX ct-9620 56 13 be be AUX ct-9620 56 14 ‘ ' PUNCT ct-9620 56 15 gridded gridde VERB ct-9620 56 16 ’ ' PUNCT ct-9620 56 17 or or CCONJ ct-9620 56 18 parted part VERB ct-9620 56 19 along along ADP ct-9620 56 20 the the DET ct-9620 56 21 fiber fiber NOUN ct-9620 56 22 plane plane NOUN ct-9620 56 23 , , PUNCT ct-9620 56 24 but but CCONJ ct-9620 56 25 this this DET ct-9620 56 26 approach approach NOUN ct-9620 56 27 reduces reduce VERB ct-9620 56 28 the the DET ct-9620 56 29 degree degree NOUN ct-9620 56 30 of of ADP ct-9620 56 31 surgical surgical ADJ ct-9620 56 32 exposure exposure NOUN ct-9620 56 33 and and CCONJ ct-9620 56 34 is be AUX ct-9620 56 35 seldom seldom ADV ct-9620 56 36 used use VERB ct-9620 56 37 by by ADP ct-9620 56 38 these these DET ct-9620 56 39 authors.35 authors.35 NOUN ct-9620 56 40 in in ADP ct-9620 56 41 routine routine ADJ ct-9620 56 42 cases case NOUN ct-9620 56 43 , , PUNCT ct-9620 56 44 the the DET ct-9620 56 45 external external ADJ ct-9620 56 46 and and CCONJ ct-9620 56 47 internal internal ADJ ct-9620 56 48 abdominal abdominal ADJ ct-9620 56 49 oblique oblique ADJ ct-9620 56 50 muscles muscle NOUN ct-9620 56 51 are be AUX ct-9620 56 52 incised incise VERB ct-9620 56 53 with with ADP ct-9620 56 54 either either CCONJ ct-9620 56 55 a a DET ct-9620 56 56 scalpel scalpel NOUN ct-9620 56 57 blade blade NOUN ct-9620 56 58 or or CCONJ ct-9620 56 59 scissors scissor NOUN ct-9620 56 60 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 56 61 figure figure NOUN ct-9620 56 62 3 3 NUM ct-9620 56 63 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 56 64 . . PUNCT ct-9620 57 1 caution caution NOUN ct-9620 57 2 must must AUX ct-9620 57 3 be be AUX ct-9620 57 4 utilized utilize VERB ct-9620 57 5 on on ADP ct-9620 57 6 incision incision NOUN ct-9620 57 7 of of ADP ct-9620 57 8 the the DET ct-9620 57 9 transversus transversus NOUN ct-9620 57 10 abdominis abdominis NOUN ct-9620 57 11 muscle muscle NOUN ct-9620 57 12 and and CCONJ ct-9620 57 13 peritoneum peritoneum NOUN ct-9620 57 14 to to PART ct-9620 57 15 avoid avoid VERB ct-9620 57 16 accidental accidental ADJ ct-9620 57 17 incision incision NOUN ct-9620 57 18 of of ADP ct-9620 57 19 the the DET ct-9620 57 20 rumen ruman NOUN ct-9620 57 21 due due ADP ct-9620 57 22 to to ADP ct-9620 57 23 its its PRON ct-9620 57 24 proximity proximity NOUN ct-9620 57 25 to to ADP ct-9620 57 26 the the DET ct-9620 57 27 incision incision NOUN ct-9620 57 28 line line NOUN ct-9620 57 29 . . PUNCT ct-9620 58 1 any any DET ct-9620 58 2 accidental accidental ADJ ct-9620 58 3 incision incision NOUN ct-9620 58 4 into into ADP ct-9620 58 5 figure figure NOUN ct-9620 58 6 2 2 NUM ct-9620 58 7 . . PUNCT ct-9620 58 8 left leave VERB ct-9620 58 9 flank flank PROPN ct-9620 58 10 approach approach NOUN ct-9620 58 11 paralumbar paralumbar PROPN ct-9620 58 12 fossa fossa ADJ ct-9620 58 13 incision incision NOUN ct-9620 58 14 . . PUNCT ct-9620 59 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9620 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9620 PROPN ct-9620 59 2 citation citation NOUN ct-9620 59 3 line line NOUN ct-9620 59 4 : : PUNCT ct-9620 59 5 clinical clinical ADJ ct-9620 59 6 theriogenology theriogenology NOUN ct-9620 59 7 2023 2023 NUM ct-9620 59 8 , , PUNCT ct-9620 59 9 15 15 NUM ct-9620 59 10 , , PUNCT ct-9620 59 11 9620 9620 NUM ct-9620 59 12 , , PUNCT ct-9620 59 13 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9620 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9620 VERB ct-9620 59 14 73 73 NUM ct-9620 60 1 the the DET ct-9620 60 2 rumen ruman NOUN ct-9620 60 3 should should AUX ct-9620 60 4 be be AUX ct-9620 60 5 closed close VERB ct-9620 60 6 first first ADV ct-9620 60 7 with with ADP ct-9620 60 8 a a DET ct-9620 60 9 simple simple ADJ ct-9620 60 10 continuous continuous ADJ ct-9620 60 11 pattern.35 pattern.35 NOUN ct-9620 60 12 second second NOUN ct-9620 60 13 , , PUNCT ct-9620 60 14 after after ADP ct-9620 60 15 copious copious ADJ ct-9620 60 16 lavage lavage NOUN ct-9620 60 17 of of ADP ct-9620 60 18 the the DET ct-9620 60 19 region region NOUN ct-9620 60 20 and and CCONJ ct-9620 60 21 changing change VERB ct-9620 60 22 of of ADP ct-9620 60 23 surgical surgical ADJ ct-9620 60 24 gloves glove NOUN ct-9620 60 25 , , PUNCT ct-9620 60 26 the the DET ct-9620 60 27 rumen ruman NOUN ct-9620 60 28 incision incision NOUN ct-9620 60 29 is be AUX ct-9620 60 30 oversewn oversew VERB ct-9620 60 31 utilizing utilize VERB ct-9620 60 32 absorbable absorbable ADJ ct-9620 60 33 suture suture NOUN ct-9620 60 34 in in ADP ct-9620 60 35 a a DET ct-9620 60 36 cushing cushing NOUN ct-9620 60 37 pattern.35 pattern.35 NOUN ct-9620 60 38 opening opening NOUN ct-9620 60 39 and and CCONJ ct-9620 60 40 entering entering NOUN ct-9620 60 41 of of ADP ct-9620 60 42 the the DET ct-9620 60 43 peritoneum peritoneum NOUN ct-9620 60 44 is be AUX ct-9620 60 45 associated associate VERB ct-9620 60 46 with with ADP ct-9620 60 47 the the DET ct-9620 60 48 sound sound NOUN ct-9620 60 49 of of ADP ct-9620 60 50 air air NOUN ct-9620 60 51 being be AUX ct-9620 60 52 drawn draw VERB ct-9620 60 53 into into ADP ct-9620 60 54 the the DET ct-9620 60 55 abdomen abdoman NOUN ct-9620 60 56 due due ADP ct-9620 60 57 to to ADP ct-9620 60 58 the the DET ct-9620 60 59 negative negative ADJ ct-9620 60 60 pressure pressure NOUN ct-9620 60 61 in in ADP ct-9620 60 62 the the DET ct-9620 60 63 abdomen abdomen NOUN ct-9620 60 64 . . PUNCT ct-9620 61 1 sheep sheep NOUN ct-9620 61 2 and and CCONJ ct-9620 61 3 large large ADJ ct-9620 61 4 - - PUNCT ct-9620 61 5 breed breed NOUN ct-9620 61 6 goats goat NOUN ct-9620 61 7 may may AUX ct-9620 61 8 have have VERB ct-9620 61 9 abundant abundant ADJ ct-9620 61 10 retroperitoneal retroperitoneal ADJ ct-9620 61 11 fat fat NOUN ct-9620 61 12 that that PRON ct-9620 61 13 complicates complicate VERB ct-9620 61 14 the the DET ct-9620 61 15 surgical surgical ADJ ct-9620 61 16 approach.4 approach.4 PROPN ct-9620 61 17 after after ADP ct-9620 61 18 entering enter VERB ct-9620 61 19 the the DET ct-9620 61 20 abdomen abdoman NOUN ct-9620 61 21 , , PUNCT ct-9620 61 22 the the DET ct-9620 61 23 rumen ruman NOUN ct-9620 61 24 is be AUX ct-9620 61 25 moved move VERB ct-9620 61 26 cranially cranially ADV ct-9620 61 27 to to PART ct-9620 61 28 facilitate facilitate VERB ct-9620 61 29 access access NOUN ct-9620 61 30 to to ADP ct-9620 61 31 the the DET ct-9620 61 32 uterus uterus NOUN ct-9620 61 33 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 61 34 figure figure NOUN ct-9620 61 35 4 4 NUM ct-9620 61 36 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 61 37 . . PUNCT ct-9620 62 1 carefully carefully ADV ct-9620 62 2 grasping grasp VERB ct-9620 62 3 a a DET ct-9620 62 4 fetal fetal ADJ ct-9620 62 5 limb limb NOUN ct-9620 62 6 through through ADP ct-9620 62 7 the the DET ct-9620 62 8 uterine uterine ADJ ct-9620 62 9 wall wall NOUN ct-9620 62 10 allows allow VERB ct-9620 62 11 the the DET ct-9620 62 12 surgeon surgeon NOUN ct-9620 62 13 to to PART ct-9620 62 14 draw draw VERB ct-9620 62 15 the the DET ct-9620 62 16 uterus uterus NOUN ct-9620 62 17 to to ADP ct-9620 62 18 the the DET ct-9620 62 19 incision incision NOUN ct-9620 62 20 and and CCONJ ct-9620 62 21 gently gently ADV ct-9620 62 22 exteriorize exteriorize VERB ct-9620 62 23 a a DET ct-9620 62 24 uterine uterine ADJ ct-9620 62 25 horn horn NOUN ct-9620 62 26 containing contain VERB ct-9620 62 27 a a DET ct-9620 62 28 fetus fetus NOUN ct-9620 62 29 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 62 30 figure figure VERB ct-9620 62 31 5).16 5).16 NUM ct-9620 62 32 exteriorization exteriorization NOUN ct-9620 62 33 of of ADP ct-9620 62 34 the the DET ct-9620 62 35 uterus uterus NOUN ct-9620 62 36 can can AUX ct-9620 62 37 be be AUX ct-9620 62 38 facilitated facilitate VERB ct-9620 62 39 with with ADP ct-9620 62 40 a a DET ct-9620 62 41 tocolytic tocolytic ADJ ct-9620 62 42 dose dose NOUN ct-9620 62 43 of of ADP ct-9620 62 44 epinephrine epinephrine NOUN ct-9620 62 45 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 62 46 epinephrine epinephrine NOUN ct-9620 62 47 1:1000 1:1000 NUM ct-9620 62 48 , , PUNCT ct-9620 62 49 vetone vetone PROPN ct-9620 62 50 , , PUNCT ct-9620 62 51 boise boise PROPN ct-9620 62 52 , , PUNCT ct-9620 62 53 i i PROPN ct-9620 62 54 d d PROPN ct-9620 62 55 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 62 56 administered administer VERB ct-9620 62 57 at at ADP ct-9620 62 58 0.5–1 0.5–1 PROPN ct-9620 62 59 mg mg PROPN ct-9620 63 1 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 63 2 0.5–1 0.5–1 INTJ ct-9620 63 3 ml ml INTJ ct-9620 63 4 of of ADP ct-9620 63 5 a a DET ct-9620 63 6 1:1000 1:1000 NUM ct-9620 63 7 solution solution NOUN ct-9620 63 8 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 63 9 intramuscularly intramuscularly ADV ct-9620 63 10 depending depend VERB ct-9620 63 11 on on ADP ct-9620 63 12 the the DET ct-9620 63 13 size size NOUN ct-9620 63 14 of of ADP ct-9620 63 15 the the DET ct-9620 63 16 ewe ewe PROPN ct-9620 63 17 or or CCONJ ct-9620 63 18 doe.2 doe.2 PROPN ct-9620 63 19 following follow VERB ct-9620 63 20 exteriorization exteriorization NOUN ct-9620 63 21 of of ADP ct-9620 63 22 the the DET ct-9620 63 23 uterus uterus NOUN ct-9620 63 24 , , PUNCT ct-9620 63 25 the the DET ct-9620 63 26 surgeon surgeon NOUN ct-9620 63 27 can can AUX ct-9620 63 28 isolate isolate VERB ct-9620 63 29 the the DET ct-9620 63 30 organ organ NOUN ct-9620 63 31 using use VERB ct-9620 63 32 sterile sterile ADJ ct-9620 63 33 towels towel NOUN ct-9620 63 34 or or CCONJ ct-9620 63 35 lap lap NOUN ct-9620 63 36 sponges sponge NOUN ct-9620 63 37 and and CCONJ ct-9620 63 38 protect protect VERB ct-9620 63 39 the the DET ct-9620 63 40 abdominal abdominal ADJ ct-9620 63 41 cavity cavity NOUN ct-9620 63 42 from from ADP ct-9620 63 43 contamination contamination NOUN ct-9620 63 44 following follow VERB ct-9620 63 45 hysterotomy hysterotomy NOUN ct-9620 63 46 and and CCONJ ct-9620 63 47 extraction extraction NOUN ct-9620 63 48 of of ADP ct-9620 63 49 the the DET ct-9620 63 50 fetus(es fetus(es NOUN ct-9620 63 51 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 63 52 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 63 53 figure figure NOUN ct-9620 63 54 6 6 NUM ct-9620 63 55 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 63 56 . . PUNCT ct-9620 64 1 when when SCONJ ct-9620 64 2 possible possible ADJ ct-9620 64 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 64 4 the the DET ct-9620 64 5 hysterotomy hysterotomy NOUN ct-9620 64 6 incision incision NOUN ct-9620 64 7 is be AUX ct-9620 64 8 best well ADV ct-9620 64 9 made make VERB ct-9620 64 10 over over ADP ct-9620 64 11 the the DET ct-9620 64 12 greater great ADJ ct-9620 64 13 curvature curvature NOUN ct-9620 64 14 of of ADP ct-9620 64 15 the the DET ct-9620 64 16 uterus uterus NOUN ct-9620 64 17 to to PART ct-9620 64 18 minimize minimize VERB ct-9620 64 19 hemorrhage hemorrhage NOUN ct-9620 64 20 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 64 21 figures figure NOUN ct-9620 64 22 7 7 NUM ct-9620 64 23 & & CCONJ ct-9620 64 24 8).36 8).36 NUM ct-9620 64 25 the the DET ct-9620 64 26 incision incision NOUN ct-9620 64 27 can can AUX ct-9620 64 28 be be AUX ct-9620 64 29 made make VERB ct-9620 64 30 directly directly ADV ct-9620 64 31 over over ADP ct-9620 64 32 a a DET ct-9620 64 33 fetal fetal ADJ ct-9620 64 34 limb limb NOUN ct-9620 64 35 or or CCONJ ct-9620 64 36 a a DET ct-9620 64 37 fetal fetal ADJ ct-9620 64 38 head.4 head.4 NOUN ct-9620 64 39 to to PART ct-9620 64 40 minimize minimize VERB ct-9620 64 41 uncontrolled uncontrolled ADJ ct-9620 64 42 uterine uterine ADJ ct-9620 64 43 tears tear NOUN ct-9620 64 44 , , PUNCT ct-9620 64 45 the the DET ct-9620 64 46 hysterotomy hysterotomy NOUN ct-9620 64 47 incision incision NOUN ct-9620 64 48 should should AUX ct-9620 64 49 be be AUX ct-9620 64 50 long long ADV ct-9620 64 51 enough enough ADV ct-9620 64 52 to to PART ct-9620 64 53 allow allow VERB ct-9620 64 54 for for ADP ct-9620 64 55 delivery delivery NOUN ct-9620 64 56 of of ADP ct-9620 64 57 the the DET ct-9620 64 58 largest large ADJ ct-9620 64 59 portion portion NOUN ct-9620 64 60 of of ADP ct-9620 64 61 the the DET ct-9620 64 62 fetus fetus NOUN ct-9620 64 63 . . PUNCT ct-9620 65 1 following follow VERB ct-9620 65 2 removal removal NOUN ct-9620 65 3 of of ADP ct-9620 65 4 the the DET ct-9620 65 5 first first ADJ ct-9620 65 6 fetus fetus NOUN ct-9620 65 7 , , PUNCT ct-9620 65 8 the the DET ct-9620 65 9 surgeon surgeon NOUN ct-9620 65 10 ’s ’s PART ct-9620 65 11 hand hand NOUN ct-9620 65 12 is be AUX ct-9620 65 13 then then ADV ct-9620 65 14 inserted insert VERB ct-9620 65 15 into into ADP ct-9620 65 16 the the DET ct-9620 65 17 hysterotomy hysterotomy NOUN ct-9620 65 18 site site NOUN ct-9620 65 19 to to PART ct-9620 65 20 retrieve retrieve VERB ct-9620 65 21 the the DET ct-9620 65 22 remaining remain VERB ct-9620 65 23 fetuses fetus NOUN ct-9620 65 24 . . PUNCT ct-9620 66 1 the the DET ct-9620 66 2 surgeon surgeon NOUN ct-9620 66 3 ’s ’s PART ct-9620 66 4 hand hand NOUN ct-9620 66 5 can can AUX ct-9620 66 6 be be AUX ct-9620 66 7 directed direct VERB ct-9620 66 8 caudally caudally ADV ct-9620 66 9 toward toward ADP ct-9620 66 10 the the DET ct-9620 66 11 uterine uterine ADJ ct-9620 66 12 bifurcation bifurcation NOUN ct-9620 66 13 and and CCONJ ct-9620 66 14 into into ADP ct-9620 66 15 the the DET ct-9620 66 16 contralateral contralateral ADJ ct-9620 66 17 horn horn NOUN ct-9620 66 18 to to PART ct-9620 66 19 allow allow VERB ct-9620 66 20 retrieval retrieval NOUN ct-9620 66 21 of of ADP ct-9620 66 22 all all DET ct-9620 66 23 figure figure NOUN ct-9620 66 24 3 3 NUM ct-9620 66 25 . . PUNCT ct-9620 67 1 incision incision NOUN ct-9620 67 2 of of ADP ct-9620 67 3 the the DET ct-9620 67 4 transversus transversus NOUN ct-9620 67 5 abdominis abdominis NOUN ct-9620 67 6 muscle muscle NOUN ct-9620 67 7 and and CCONJ ct-9620 67 8 peritoneum peritoneum NOUN ct-9620 67 9 . . PUNCT ct-9620 68 1 figure figure NOUN ct-9620 68 2 4 4 NUM ct-9620 68 3 . . PUNCT ct-9620 69 1 after after SCONJ ct-9620 69 2 the the DET ct-9620 69 3 rumen ruman NOUN ct-9620 69 4 has have AUX ct-9620 69 5 been be AUX ct-9620 69 6 moved move VERB ct-9620 69 7 cranially cranially ADV ct-9620 69 8 , , PUNCT ct-9620 69 9 the the DET ct-9620 69 10 uterus uterus NOUN ct-9620 69 11 is be AUX ct-9620 69 12 grasped grasp VERB ct-9620 69 13 and and CCONJ ct-9620 69 14 brought bring VERB ct-9620 69 15 to to ADP ct-9620 69 16 the the DET ct-9620 69 17 abdominal abdominal ADJ ct-9620 69 18 incision incision NOUN ct-9620 69 19 . . PUNCT ct-9620 70 1 figure figure NOUN ct-9620 70 2 5 5 NUM ct-9620 70 3 . . PUNCT ct-9620 71 1 a a DET ct-9620 71 2 fetal fetal ADJ ct-9620 71 3 limb limb NOUN ct-9620 71 4 is be AUX ct-9620 71 5 grasped grasp VERB ct-9620 71 6 through through ADP ct-9620 71 7 the the DET ct-9620 71 8 uterine uterine ADJ ct-9620 71 9 wall wall NOUN ct-9620 71 10 to to PART ct-9620 71 11 aid aid VERB ct-9620 71 12 in in ADP ct-9620 71 13 exteriorization exteriorization NOUN ct-9620 71 14 of of ADP ct-9620 71 15 the the DET ct-9620 71 16 organ organ NOUN ct-9620 71 17 . . PUNCT ct-9620 72 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9620 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9620 PROPN ct-9620 72 2 74 74 NUM ct-9620 72 3 citation citation NOUN ct-9620 72 4 line line NOUN ct-9620 72 5 : : PUNCT ct-9620 72 6 clinical clinical ADJ ct-9620 72 7 theriogenology theriogenology NOUN ct-9620 72 8 2023 2023 NUM ct-9620 72 9 , , PUNCT ct-9620 72 10 15 15 NUM ct-9620 72 11 , , PUNCT ct-9620 72 12 9620 9620 NUM ct-9620 72 13 , , PUNCT ct-9620 72 14 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9620 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9620 PROPN ct-9620 72 15 other other ADJ ct-9620 72 16 fetuses.16 fetuses.16 PROPN ct-9620 72 17 in in ADP ct-9620 72 18 some some DET ct-9620 72 19 cases case NOUN ct-9620 72 20 , , PUNCT ct-9620 72 21 a a DET ct-9620 72 22 second second ADJ ct-9620 72 23 hysterotomy hysterotomy NOUN ct-9620 72 24 may may AUX ct-9620 72 25 be be AUX ct-9620 72 26 required require VERB ct-9620 72 27 to to PART ct-9620 72 28 reach reach VERB ct-9620 72 29 a a DET ct-9620 72 30 fetus fetus NOUN ct-9620 72 31 in in ADP ct-9620 72 32 the the DET ct-9620 72 33 opposite opposite ADJ ct-9620 72 34 uterine uterine ADJ ct-9620 72 35 horn horn NOUN ct-9620 72 36 . . PUNCT ct-9620 73 1 abdominal abdominal ADJ ct-9620 73 2 contamination contamination NOUN ct-9620 73 3 is be AUX ct-9620 73 4 inevitable inevitable ADJ ct-9620 73 5 in in ADP ct-9620 73 6 many many ADJ ct-9620 73 7 c c NOUN ct-9620 73 8 - - PUNCT ct-9620 73 9 section section NOUN ct-9620 73 10 cases case NOUN ct-9620 73 11 but but CCONJ ct-9620 73 12 all all DET ct-9620 73 13 precautions precaution NOUN ct-9620 73 14 should should AUX ct-9620 73 15 be be AUX ct-9620 73 16 taken take VERB ct-9620 73 17 to to PART ct-9620 73 18 mitigate mitigate VERB ct-9620 73 19 . . PUNCT ct-9620 74 1 the the DET ct-9620 74 2 hysterotomy hysterotomy NOUN ct-9620 74 3 site site NOUN ct-9620 74 4 should should AUX ct-9620 74 5 be be AUX ct-9620 74 6 kept keep VERB ct-9620 74 7 fully fully ADV ct-9620 74 8 exteriorized exteriorize VERB ct-9620 74 9 and and CCONJ ct-9620 74 10 isolated isolate VERB ct-9620 74 11 with with ADP ct-9620 74 12 sterile sterile ADJ ct-9620 74 13 towels towel NOUN ct-9620 74 14 or or CCONJ ct-9620 74 15 lap lap NOUN ct-9620 74 16 sponges sponge NOUN ct-9620 74 17 to to PART ct-9620 74 18 ensure ensure VERB ct-9620 74 19 uterine uterine ADJ ct-9620 74 20 fluid fluid NOUN ct-9620 74 21 does do AUX ct-9620 74 22 not not PART ct-9620 74 23 drain drain VERB ct-9620 74 24 back back ADV ct-9620 74 25 into into ADP ct-9620 74 26 the the DET ct-9620 74 27 peritoneal peritoneal ADJ ct-9620 74 28 cavity cavity NOUN ct-9620 74 29 . . PUNCT ct-9620 75 1 this this PRON ct-9620 75 2 is be AUX ct-9620 75 3 especially especially ADV ct-9620 75 4 important important ADJ ct-9620 75 5 if if SCONJ ct-9620 75 6 a a DET ct-9620 75 7 dead dead ADJ ct-9620 75 8 fetus fetus NOUN ct-9620 75 9 was be AUX ct-9620 75 10 removed remove VERB ct-9620 75 11 at at ADP ct-9620 75 12 surgery surgery NOUN ct-9620 75 13 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 75 14 figure figure NOUN ct-9620 75 15 9 9 NUM ct-9620 75 16 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 75 17 . . PUNCT ct-9620 76 1 unattached unattached ADJ ct-9620 76 2 portions portion NOUN ct-9620 76 3 of of ADP ct-9620 76 4 the the DET ct-9620 76 5 fetal fetal ADJ ct-9620 76 6 membranes membrane NOUN ct-9620 76 7 may may AUX ct-9620 76 8 be be AUX ct-9620 76 9 trimmed trim VERB ct-9620 76 10 to to PART ct-9620 76 11 facilitate facilitate VERB ct-9620 76 12 uterine uterine ADJ ct-9620 76 13 closure closure NOUN ct-9620 76 14 , , PUNCT ct-9620 76 15 but but CCONJ ct-9620 76 16 cotyledonary cotyledonary ADJ ct-9620 76 17 figure figure NOUN ct-9620 76 18 6 6 NUM ct-9620 76 19 . . PUNCT ct-9620 77 1 a a DET ct-9620 77 2 fetal fetal ADJ ct-9620 77 3 limb limb NOUN ct-9620 77 4 is be AUX ct-9620 77 5 grasped grasp VERB ct-9620 77 6 through through ADP ct-9620 77 7 the the DET ct-9620 77 8 uterine uterine ADJ ct-9620 77 9 wall wall NOUN ct-9620 77 10 to to PART ct-9620 77 11 aid aid VERB ct-9620 77 12 in in ADP ct-9620 77 13 exteriorization exteriorization NOUN ct-9620 77 14 of of ADP ct-9620 77 15 the the DET ct-9620 77 16 organ organ NOUN ct-9620 77 17 . . PUNCT ct-9620 78 1 figure figure NOUN ct-9620 78 2 7 7 NUM ct-9620 78 3 . . PUNCT ct-9620 79 1 hysterotomy hysterotomy NOUN ct-9620 79 2 is be AUX ct-9620 79 3 made make VERB ct-9620 79 4 over over ADP ct-9620 79 5 the the DET ct-9620 79 6 greater great ADJ ct-9620 79 7 curvature curvature NOUN ct-9620 79 8 of of ADP ct-9620 79 9 the the DET ct-9620 79 10 uterine uterine ADJ ct-9620 79 11 horn horn NOUN ct-9620 79 12 . . PUNCT ct-9620 80 1 figure figure NOUN ct-9620 80 2 8 8 NUM ct-9620 80 3 . . PUNCT ct-9620 81 1 the the DET ct-9620 81 2 incision incision NOUN ct-9620 81 3 is be AUX ct-9620 81 4 made make VERB ct-9620 81 5 long long ADJ ct-9620 81 6 enough enough ADV ct-9620 81 7 for for SCONJ ct-9620 81 8 the the DET ct-9620 81 9 fetus fetus NOUN ct-9620 81 10 to to PART ct-9620 81 11 be be AUX ct-9620 81 12 extracted extract VERB ct-9620 81 13 without without ADP ct-9620 81 14 uncontrolled uncontrolled ADJ ct-9620 81 15 uterine uterine ADJ ct-9620 81 16 tearing tear VERB ct-9620 81 17 occurring occurring NOUN ct-9620 81 18 . . PUNCT ct-9620 82 1 figure figure NOUN ct-9620 82 2 9 9 NUM ct-9620 82 3 . . PUNCT ct-9620 83 1 maintenance maintenance NOUN ct-9620 83 2 of of ADP ct-9620 83 3 exteriorization exteriorization NOUN ct-9620 83 4 of of ADP ct-9620 83 5 the the DET ct-9620 83 6 hysterotomy hysterotomy NOUN ct-9620 83 7 site site NOUN ct-9620 83 8 to to PART ct-9620 83 9 prevent prevent VERB ct-9620 83 10 abdominal abdominal ADJ ct-9620 83 11 contamination contamination NOUN ct-9620 83 12 . . PUNCT ct-9620 84 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9620 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9620 PROPN ct-9620 84 2 citation citation NOUN ct-9620 84 3 line line NOUN ct-9620 84 4 : : PUNCT ct-9620 84 5 clinical clinical ADJ ct-9620 84 6 theriogenology theriogenology NOUN ct-9620 84 7 2023 2023 NUM ct-9620 84 8 , , PUNCT ct-9620 84 9 15 15 NUM ct-9620 84 10 , , PUNCT ct-9620 84 11 9620 9620 NUM ct-9620 84 12 , , PUNCT ct-9620 84 13 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9620 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9620 VERB ct-9620 84 14 75 75 NUM ct-9620 84 15 attachments attachment NOUN ct-9620 84 16 should should AUX ct-9620 84 17 not not PART ct-9620 84 18 be be AUX ct-9620 84 19 forcefully forcefully ADV ct-9620 84 20 detached.2 detached.2 VERB ct-9620 84 21 the the DET ct-9620 84 22 hysterotomy hysterotomy NOUN ct-9620 84 23 site site NOUN ct-9620 84 24 is be AUX ct-9620 84 25 closed close VERB ct-9620 84 26 using use VERB ct-9620 84 27 a a DET ct-9620 84 28 partial partial ADJ ct-9620 84 29 thickness thickness NOUN ct-9620 84 30 inverting invert VERB ct-9620 84 31 suture suture NOUN ct-9620 84 32 pattern pattern NOUN ct-9620 84 33 , , PUNCT ct-9620 84 34 such such ADJ ct-9620 84 35 as as ADP ct-9620 84 36 the the DET ct-9620 84 37 utrecht utrecht NOUN ct-9620 84 38 , , PUNCT ct-9620 84 39 cushing cushing NOUN ct-9620 84 40 , , PUNCT ct-9620 84 41 or or CCONJ ct-9620 84 42 lembert lembert NOUN ct-9620 84 43 to to PART ct-9620 84 44 achieve achieve VERB ct-9620 84 45 a a DET ct-9620 84 46 tight tight ADJ ct-9620 84 47 serosa serosa NOUN ct-9620 84 48 to to ADP ct-9620 84 49 serosa serosa PROPN ct-9620 84 50 seal seal PROPN ct-9620 84 51 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 84 52 figures figure VERB ct-9620 84 53 10–20).37 10–20).37 NUM ct-9620 84 54 sutures suture NOUN ct-9620 84 55 should should AUX ct-9620 84 56 not not PART ct-9620 84 57 penetrate penetrate VERB ct-9620 84 58 the the DET ct-9620 84 59 uterine uterine ADJ ct-9620 84 60 lumen luman NOUN ct-9620 84 61 . . PUNCT ct-9620 85 1 absorbable absorbable ADJ ct-9620 85 2 suture suture NOUN ct-9620 85 3 of of ADP ct-9620 85 4 size size NOUN ct-9620 85 5 0 0 NUM ct-9620 85 6 or or CCONJ ct-9620 85 7 1 1 NUM ct-9620 85 8 on on ADP ct-9620 85 9 an an DET ct-9620 85 10 atraumatic atraumatic ADJ ct-9620 85 11 taper taper NOUN ct-9620 85 12 needle needle NOUN ct-9620 85 13 should should AUX ct-9620 85 14     SPACE ct-9620 85 15 be be AUX ct-9620 85 16     SPACE ct-9620 85 17 used use VERB ct-9620 85 18 ; ; PUNCT ct-9620 85 19 poliglecaprone poliglecaprone NOUN ct-9620 85 20 25 25 NUM ct-9620 85 21 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 85 22 monocryl monocryl NOUN ct-9620 85 23 ™ ™ PROPN ct-9620 85 24 , , PUNCT ct-9620 85 25 ethicon ethicon NOUN ct-9620 85 26 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 85 27 , , PUNCT ct-9620 85 28 polydioxanone polydioxanone NOUN ct-9620 85 29 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 85 30 pds pds NOUN ct-9620 85 31 ™ ™ NOUN ct-9620 85 32 , , PUNCT ct-9620 85 33 ethicon ethicon NOUN ct-9620 85 34 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 85 35 , , PUNCT ct-9620 85 36 or or CCONJ ct-9620 85 37 chromic chromic ADJ ct-9620 85 38 gut gut NOUN ct-9620 85 39 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 85 40 chromic chromic ADJ ct-9620 85 41 gut gut NOUN ct-9620 85 42 , , PUNCT ct-9620 85 43 ethicon ethicon NOUN ct-9620 85 44 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 85 45 are be AUX ct-9620 85 46 common common ADJ ct-9620 85 47 choices choice NOUN ct-9620 85 48 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 85 49 figure figure NOUN ct-9620 85 50 21 21 NUM ct-9620 85 51 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 85 52 . . PUNCT ct-9620 86 1 a a DET ct-9620 86 2 double double ADJ ct-9620 86 3 - - PUNCT ct-9620 86 4 layer layer NOUN ct-9620 86 5 closure closure NOUN ct-9620 86 6 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 86 7 “ " PUNCT ct-9620 86 8 over over ADP ct-9620 86 9 - - PUNCT ct-9620 86 10 sew sew NOUN ct-9620 86 11 ” " PUNCT ct-9620 86 12 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 86 13 of of ADP ct-9620 86 14 the the DET ct-9620 86 15 hysterotomy hysterotomy NOUN ct-9620 86 16 site site NOUN ct-9620 86 17 is be AUX ct-9620 86 18 indicated indicate VERB ct-9620 86 19 if if SCONJ ct-9620 86 20 the the DET ct-9620 86 21 uterine uterine ADJ ct-9620 86 22 contents content NOUN ct-9620 86 23 were be AUX ct-9620 86 24 severely severely ADV ct-9620 86 25 contaminated contaminate VERB ct-9620 86 26 or or CCONJ ct-9620 86 27 if if SCONJ ct-9620 86 28 the the DET ct-9620 86 29 uterine uterine ADJ ct-9620 86 30 wall wall NOUN ct-9620 86 31 is be AUX ct-9620 86 32 friable friable ADJ ct-9620 86 33 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 86 34 figure figure NOUN ct-9620 86 35 22 22 NUM ct-9620 86 36 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 86 37 . . PUNCT ct-9620 87 1 the the DET ct-9620 87 2 use use NOUN ct-9620 87 3 of of ADP ct-9620 87 4 intrauterine intrauterine ADJ ct-9620 87 5 boluses bolus NOUN ct-9620 87 6 or or CCONJ ct-9620 87 7 antibiotics antibiotic NOUN ct-9620 87 8 is be AUX ct-9620 87 9 controversial controversial ADJ ct-9620 87 10 and and CCONJ ct-9620 87 11 not not PART ct-9620 87 12 recommended recommend VERB ct-9620 87 13 due due ADP ct-9620 87 14 to to ADP ct-9620 87 15 the the DET ct-9620 87 16 risk risk NOUN ct-9620 87 17 of of ADP ct-9620 87 18 endometrial endometrial ADJ ct-9620 87 19 damage damage NOUN ct-9620 87 20 occurring.4 occurring.4 PROPN ct-9620 87 21 following follow VERB ct-9620 87 22 initial initial ADJ ct-9620 87 23 closure closure NOUN ct-9620 87 24 , , PUNCT ct-9620 87 25 the the DET ct-9620 87 26 uterus uterus NOUN ct-9620 87 27 should should AUX ct-9620 87 28 be be AUX ct-9620 87 29 carefully carefully ADV ct-9620 87 30 examined examine VERB ct-9620 87 31 for for ADP ct-9620 87 32 previously previously ADV ct-9620 87 33 undetected undetecte VERB ct-9620 87 34 uterine uterine ADJ ct-9620 87 35 tears tear NOUN ct-9620 87 36 and and CCONJ ct-9620 87 37 excessive excessive ADJ ct-9620 87 38 hemorrhage hemorrhage NOUN ct-9620 87 39 . . PUNCT ct-9620 88 1 after after ADP ct-9620 88 2 uterine uterine ADJ ct-9620 88 3 closure closure NOUN ct-9620 88 4 , , PUNCT ct-9620 88 5 the the DET ct-9620 88 6 uterine uterine ADJ ct-9620 88 7 serosal serosal PROPN ct-9620 88 8 surface surface PROPN ct-9620 88 9 should should AUX ct-9620 88 10 be be AUX ct-9620 88 11 lavaged lavage VERB ct-9620 88 12 with with ADP ct-9620 88 13 sterile sterile ADJ ct-9620 88 14 isotonic isotonic ADJ ct-9620 88 15 fluid fluid NOUN ct-9620 88 16 to to PART ct-9620 88 17 remove remove VERB ct-9620 88 18 large large ADJ ct-9620 88 19 blood blood NOUN ct-9620 88 20 clots clot NOUN ct-9620 88 21 and and CCONJ ct-9620 88 22 debris debris NOUN ct-9620 88 23 . . PUNCT ct-9620 89 1 repeated repeat VERB ct-9620 89 2 abdominal abdominal ADJ ct-9620 89 3 lavage lavage NOUN ct-9620 89 4 and and CCONJ ct-9620 89 5 suction suction NOUN ct-9620 89 6 may may AUX ct-9620 89 7 be be AUX ct-9620 89 8     SPACE ct-9620 89 9 indicated indicate VERB ct-9620 89 10 if if SCONJ ct-9620 89 11 extrauterine extrauterine ADJ ct-9620 89 12 contamination contamination NOUN ct-9620 89 13 of of ADP ct-9620 89 14 the the DET ct-9620 89 15 peritoneal peritoneal ADJ ct-9620 89 16 cavity cavity NOUN ct-9620 89 17 occurred occur VERB ct-9620 89 18 . . PUNCT ct-9620 90 1 sodium sodium NOUN ct-9620 90 2 carboxymethylcellulose carboxymethylcellulose PROPN ct-9620 90 3 in in ADP ct-9620 90 4 a a DET ct-9620 90 5 1 1 NUM ct-9620 90 6 % % NOUN ct-9620 90 7 solution solution NOUN ct-9620 90 8 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 90 9 carboxymethylcellulose carboxymethylcellulose PROPN ct-9620 90 10 sodium sodium NOUN ct-9620 90 11 salt salt NOUN ct-9620 90 12 , , PUNCT ct-9620 90 13 high high ADJ ct-9620 90 14 viscosity viscosity NOUN ct-9620 90 15 , , PUNCT ct-9620 90 16 mp mp PROPN ct-9620 90 17 biomedical biomedical PROPN ct-9620 90 18 llc llc PROPN ct-9620 90 19 , , PUNCT ct-9620 90 20 solon solon PROPN ct-9620 90 21 , , PUNCT ct-9620 90 22 oh oh INTJ ct-9620 90 23 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 90 24 is be AUX ct-9620 90 25 sometimes sometimes ADV ct-9620 90 26 instilled instill VERB ct-9620 90 27 into into ADP ct-9620 90 28 the the DET ct-9620 90 29 abdomen abdoman NOUN ct-9620 90 30 to to PART ct-9620 90 31 decrease decrease VERB ct-9620 90 32 the the DET ct-9620 90 33 formation formation NOUN ct-9620 90 34 of of ADP ct-9620 90 35 adhesions.38,39 adhesions.38,39 ADJ ct-9620 90 36 infusion infusion NOUN ct-9620 90 37 doses dose NOUN ct-9620 90 38 range range VERB ct-9620 90 39 from from ADP ct-9620 90 40 30 30 NUM ct-9620 90 41 ml ml NOUN ct-9620 90 42 total total NOUN ct-9620 90 43 up up ADP ct-9620 90 44 to to PART ct-9620 90 45 14 14 NUM ct-9620 90 46 ml ml NOUN ct-9620 90 47 / / SYM ct-9620 90 48 kg.38,39 kg.38,39 NOUN ct-9620 90 49 an an DET ct-9620 90 50 alternative alternative NOUN ct-9620 90 51 to to ADP ct-9620 90 52 sodium sodium NOUN ct-9620 90 53 carboxymethylcellulose carboxymethylcellulose PROPN ct-9620 90 54 is be AUX ct-9620 90 55 to to PART ct-9620 90 56 use use VERB ct-9620 90 57 30 30 NUM ct-9620 90 58 ml ml NOUN ct-9620 90 59 of of ADP ct-9620 90 60 glycerol glycerol NOUN ct-9620 90 61 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 90 62 glycerin glycerin NOUN ct-9620 90 63 u.s.p u.s.p PROPN ct-9620 90 64 . . PUNCT ct-9620 91 1 99.5 99.5 NUM ct-9620 91 2 % % NOUN ct-9620 91 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 91 4 humco humco PROPN ct-9620 91 5 labs labs PROPN ct-9620 91 6 , , PUNCT ct-9620 91 7 texarkana texarkana PROPN ct-9620 91 8 , , PUNCT ct-9620 91 9 tx tx PROPN ct-9620 91 10 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 91 11 in in ADP ct-9620 91 12 1 1 NUM ct-9620 91 13 liter liter NOUN ct-9620 91 14 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 91 15 l l NOUN ct-9620 91 16 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 91 17 of of ADP ct-9620 91 18 saline saline NOUN ct-9620 91 19 to to PART ct-9620 91 20 make make VERB ct-9620 91 21 a a DET ct-9620 91 22 3 3 NUM ct-9620 91 23 % % NOUN ct-9620 91 24 solution.37 solution.37 NOUN ct-9620 91 25 the the DET ct-9620 91 26 abdominal abdominal ADJ ct-9620 91 27 incision incision NOUN ct-9620 91 28 through through ADP ct-9620 91 29 the the DET ct-9620 91 30 paralumbar paralumbar ADJ ct-9620 91 31 fossa fossa NOUN ct-9620 91 32 should should AUX ct-9620 91 33 be be AUX ct-9620 91 34 closed close VERB ct-9620 91 35 in in ADP ct-9620 91 36 three three NUM ct-9620 91 37 layers layer NOUN ct-9620 91 38 : : PUNCT ct-9620 91 39 1 1 X ct-9620 91 40 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 91 41 the the DET ct-9620 91 42 peritoneum peritoneum NOUN ct-9620 91 43 and and CCONJ ct-9620 91 44 transversus transversus NOUN ct-9620 91 45 abdominis abdominis PROPN ct-9620 91 46 muscle muscle NOUN ct-9620 91 47 , , PUNCT ct-9620 91 48 2 2 NUM ct-9620 91 49 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 91 50 the the DET ct-9620 91 51 internal internal ADJ ct-9620 91 52 and and CCONJ ct-9620 91 53 external external ADJ ct-9620 91 54 abdominal abdominal ADJ ct-9620 91 55 figure figure NOUN ct-9620 91 56 10 10 NUM ct-9620 91 57 . . PUNCT ct-9620 92 1 beginning begin VERB ct-9620 92 2 knot knot NOUN ct-9620 92 3 of of ADP ct-9620 92 4 utrecht utrecht PROPN ct-9620 92 5 pattern pattern NOUN ct-9620 92 6 as as SCONJ ct-9620 92 7 described describe VERB ct-9620 92 8 by by ADP ct-9620 92 9 roberson roberson PROPN ct-9620 92 10 , , PUNCT ct-9620 92 11 2004.48 2004.48 NUM ct-9620 92 12 figure figure NOUN ct-9620 92 13 11 11 NUM ct-9620 92 14 . . PUNCT ct-9620 93 1 beginning begin VERB ct-9620 93 2 knot knot NOUN ct-9620 93 3 of of ADP ct-9620 93 4 utrecht utrecht PROPN ct-9620 93 5 pattern pattern NOUN ct-9620 93 6 as as SCONJ ct-9620 93 7 described describe VERB ct-9620 93 8 by by ADP ct-9620 93 9 roberson roberson PROPN ct-9620 93 10 , , PUNCT ct-9620 93 11 2004.48 2004.48 NUM ct-9620 93 12 figure figure NOUN ct-9620 93 13 12 12 NUM ct-9620 93 14 . . PUNCT ct-9620 94 1 beginning begin VERB ct-9620 94 2 knot knot NOUN ct-9620 94 3 of of ADP ct-9620 94 4 utrecht utrecht PROPN ct-9620 94 5 pattern pattern NOUN ct-9620 94 6 as as SCONJ ct-9620 94 7 described describe VERB ct-9620 94 8 by by ADP ct-9620 94 9 roberson roberson PROPN ct-9620 94 10 , , PUNCT ct-9620 94 11 2004.48 2004.48 NUM ct-9620 94 12 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9620 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9620 PROPN ct-9620 94 13 76 76 NUM ct-9620 94 14 citation citation NOUN ct-9620 94 15 line line NOUN ct-9620 94 16 : : PUNCT ct-9620 94 17 clinical clinical ADJ ct-9620 94 18 theriogenology theriogenology NOUN ct-9620 94 19 2023 2023 NUM ct-9620 94 20 , , PUNCT ct-9620 94 21 15 15 NUM ct-9620 94 22 , , PUNCT ct-9620 94 23 9620 9620 NUM ct-9620 94 24 , , PUNCT ct-9620 94 25 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9620 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9620 X ct-9620 94 26 oblique oblique ADJ ct-9620 94 27 muscles muscle NOUN ct-9620 94 28 with with ADP ct-9620 94 29 the the DET ct-9620 94 30 subcutaneous subcutaneous ADJ ct-9620 94 31 fat fat NOUN ct-9620 94 32 , , PUNCT ct-9620 94 33 and and CCONJ ct-9620 94 34 3 3 X ct-9620 94 35 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 94 36 skin.16 skin.16 NOUN ct-9620 94 37 size size NOUN ct-9620 94 38 1 1 NUM ct-9620 94 39 or or CCONJ ct-9620 94 40 2 2 NUM ct-9620 94 41 absorbable absorbable ADJ ct-9620 94 42 suture suture NOUN ct-9620 94 43 , , PUNCT ct-9620 94 44 such such ADJ ct-9620 94 45 as as ADP ct-9620 94 46 coated coated ADJ ct-9620 94 47 polyglactin polyglactin PROPN ct-9620 94 48 910 910 PROPN ct-9620 94 49 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 94 50 vicryl vicryl NOUN ct-9620 94 51 , , PUNCT ct-9620 94 52 ethicon ethicon NOUN ct-9620 94 53 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 94 54 , , PUNCT ct-9620 94 55 polydioxanone polydioxanone NOUN ct-9620 94 56 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 94 57 pds pds NOUN ct-9620 94 58 ™ ™ NOUN ct-9620 94 59 , , PUNCT ct-9620 94 60 ethicon ethicon NOUN ct-9620 94 61 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 94 62 , , PUNCT ct-9620 94 63 or or CCONJ ct-9620 94 64 chromic chromic ADJ ct-9620 94 65 gut gut NOUN ct-9620 94 66 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 94 67 chromic chromic ADJ ct-9620 94 68 gut gut NOUN ct-9620 94 69 , , PUNCT ct-9620 94 70 ethicon ethicon NOUN ct-9620 94 71 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 94 72 , , PUNCT ct-9620 94 73 in in ADP ct-9620 94 74 a a DET ct-9620 94 75 continuous continuous ADJ ct-9620 94 76 pattern pattern NOUN ct-9620 94 77 is be AUX ct-9620 94 78 used use VERB ct-9620 94 79 for for ADP ct-9620 94 80 the the DET ct-9620 94 81 peritoneum peritoneum NOUN ct-9620 94 82 and and CCONJ ct-9620 94 83 muscle muscle NOUN ct-9620 94 84 layers layer NOUN ct-9620 94 85 . . PUNCT ct-9620 95 1 size size NOUN ct-9620 95 2 0 0 NUM ct-9620 95 3 or or CCONJ ct-9620 95 4 1 1 NUM ct-9620 95 5 non non ADJ ct-9620 95 6 - - ADJ ct-9620 95 7 absorbable absorbable ADJ ct-9620 95 8 suture suture NOUN ct-9620 95 9 in in ADP ct-9620 95 10 a a DET ct-9620 95 11 ford ford NOUN ct-9620 95 12 - - PUNCT ct-9620 95 13 interlocking interlock VERB ct-9620 95 14 pattern pattern NOUN ct-9620 95 15 is be AUX ct-9620 95 16 frequently frequently ADV ct-9620 95 17 used use VERB ct-9620 95 18 for for ADP ct-9620 95 19 skin skin NOUN ct-9620 95 20 closure closure NOUN ct-9620 95 21 . . PUNCT ct-9620 96 1 ventral ventral ADJ ct-9620 96 2 midline midline NOUN ct-9620 96 3 approach approach VERB ct-9620 96 4 the the DET ct-9620 96 5 ventral ventral ADJ ct-9620 96 6 midline midline NOUN ct-9620 96 7 surgical surgical ADJ ct-9620 96 8 approach approach NOUN ct-9620 96 9 provides provide VERB ct-9620 96 10 better well ADJ ct-9620 96 11 uterine uterine ADJ ct-9620 96 12 exposure exposure NOUN ct-9620 96 13 than than SCONJ ct-9620 96 14 the the PRON ct-9620 96 15 more more ADV ct-9620 96 16 commonly commonly ADV ct-9620 96 17 used use VERB ct-9620 96 18 left leave VERB ct-9620 96 19 paralumbar paralumbar PROPN ct-9620 96 20 fossa fossa NOUN ct-9620 96 21 approach.16 approach.16 PROPN ct-9620 96 22 this this DET ct-9620 96 23 approach approach NOUN ct-9620 96 24 is be AUX ct-9620 96 25 used use VERB ct-9620 96 26 most most ADV ct-9620 96 27 when when SCONJ ct-9620 96 28 severe severe ADJ ct-9620 96 29 contamination contamination NOUN ct-9620 96 30 of of ADP ct-9620 96 31 uterine uterine ADJ ct-9620 96 32 contents content NOUN ct-9620 96 33 is be AUX ct-9620 96 34 suspected suspect VERB ct-9620 96 35 . . PUNCT ct-9620 97 1 the the DET ct-9620 97 2 patient patient NOUN ct-9620 97 3 is be AUX ct-9620 97 4 positioned position VERB ct-9620 97 5 in in ADP ct-9620 97 6 dorsal dorsal NOUN ct-9620 97 7 recumbency recumbency NOUN ct-9620 97 8 and and CCONJ ct-9620 97 9 the the DET ct-9620 97 10 ventral ventral ADJ ct-9620 97 11 abdomen abdoman NOUN ct-9620 97 12 from from ADP ct-9620 97 13 the the DET ct-9620 97 14 umbilicus umbilicus NOUN ct-9620 97 15 to to ADP ct-9620 97 16 cranial cranial ADJ ct-9620 97 17 udder udder NOUN ct-9620 97 18 is be AUX ct-9620 97 19 surgically surgically ADV ct-9620 97 20 clipped clip VERB ct-9620 97 21 and and CCONJ ct-9620 97 22 prepped preppe VERB ct-9620 97 23 . . PUNCT ct-9620 98 1 a a DET ct-9620 98 2 skin skin NOUN ct-9620 98 3 incision incision NOUN ct-9620 98 4 is be AUX ct-9620 98 5 made make VERB ct-9620 98 6 just just ADV ct-9620 98 7 cranial cranial ADJ ct-9620 98 8 to to ADP ct-9620 98 9 the the DET ct-9620 98 10 udder udder NOUN ct-9620 98 11 and and CCONJ ct-9620 98 12 extended extend VERB ct-9620 98 13 cranially cranially ADV ct-9620 98 14 20–25 20–25 NUM ct-9620 98 15 cm.2,24 cm.2,24 PART ct-9620 98 16 identification identification NOUN ct-9620 98 17 of of ADP ct-9620 98 18 the the DET ct-9620 98 19 subcutaneous subcutaneous ADJ ct-9620 98 20 abdominal abdominal ADJ ct-9620 98 21 veins vein NOUN ct-9620 98 22 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 98 23 milk milk NOUN ct-9620 98 24 vein vein NOUN ct-9620 98 25 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 98 26 is be AUX ct-9620 98 27 imperative imperative ADJ ct-9620 98 28 as as SCONJ ct-9620 98 29 these these DET ct-9620 98 30 veins vein NOUN ct-9620 98 31 are be AUX ct-9620 98 32 large large ADJ ct-9620 98 33 in in ADP ct-9620 98 34 late late ADJ ct-9620 98 35 pregnancy.24,40 pregnancy.24,40 NOUN ct-9620 98 36 the the DET ct-9620 98 37 subcutaneous subcutaneous ADJ ct-9620 98 38 tissue tissue NOUN ct-9620 98 39 is be AUX ct-9620 98 40 bluntly bluntly ADV ct-9620 98 41 dissected dissect VERB ct-9620 98 42 until until SCONJ ct-9620 98 43 the the DET ct-9620 98 44 linea linea PROPN ct-9620 98 45 alba alba PROPN ct-9620 98 46 is be AUX ct-9620 98 47 identified identify VERB ct-9620 98 48 . . PUNCT ct-9620 99 1 the the DET ct-9620 99 2 abdominal abdominal ADJ ct-9620 99 3 wall wall NOUN ct-9620 99 4 is be AUX ct-9620 99 5 tented tent VERB ct-9620 99 6 , , PUNCT ct-9620 99 7 and and CCONJ ct-9620 99 8 a a DET ct-9620 99 9 stab stab ADJ ct-9620 99 10 incision incision NOUN ct-9620 99 11 is be AUX ct-9620 99 12 made make VERB ct-9620 99 13 through through ADP ct-9620 99 14 the the DET ct-9620 99 15 linea linea PROPN ct-9620 99 16 alba alba PROPN ct-9620 99 17 taking take VERB ct-9620 99 18 care care NOUN ct-9620 99 19 to to PART ct-9620 99 20 avoid avoid VERB ct-9620 99 21 incising incise VERB ct-9620 99 22 any any DET ct-9620 99 23 underlying underlying ADJ ct-9620 99 24 viscera viscera NOUN ct-9620 99 25 . . PUNCT ct-9620 100 1 the the DET ct-9620 100 2 incision incision NOUN ct-9620 100 3 can can AUX ct-9620 100 4 then then ADV ct-9620 100 5 be be AUX ct-9620 100 6 safely safely ADV ct-9620 100 7 extended extend VERB ct-9620 100 8 using use VERB ct-9620 100 9 mayo mayo NOUN ct-9620 100 10 scissors scissor NOUN ct-9620 100 11 . . PUNCT ct-9620 101 1 upon upon SCONJ ct-9620 101 2 entering enter VERB ct-9620 101 3 the the DET ct-9620 101 4 abdomen abdoman NOUN ct-9620 101 5 , , PUNCT ct-9620 101 6 the the DET ct-9620 101 7 greater great ADJ ct-9620 101 8 omentum omentum NOUN ct-9620 101 9 and and CCONJ ct-9620 101 10 abdominal abdominal ADJ ct-9620 101 11 viscera viscera NOUN ct-9620 101 12 will will AUX ct-9620 101 13 need need VERB ct-9620 101 14 to to PART ct-9620 101 15 be be AUX ct-9620 101 16 moved move VERB ct-9620 101 17 cranially cranially ADV ct-9620 101 18 to to PART ct-9620 101 19 allow allow VERB ct-9620 101 20 access access NOUN ct-9620 101 21 to to ADP ct-9620 101 22 the the DET ct-9620 101 23 uterus.24 uterus.24 NOUN ct-9620 101 24 a a DET ct-9620 101 25 fetal fetal ADJ ct-9620 101 26 limb limb NOUN ct-9620 101 27 can can AUX ct-9620 101 28 be be AUX ct-9620 101 29 gently gently ADV ct-9620 101 30 grasped grasp VERB ct-9620 101 31 through through ADP ct-9620 101 32 the the DET ct-9620 101 33 uterine uterine ADJ ct-9620 101 34 wall wall NOUN ct-9620 101 35 and and CCONJ ct-9620 101 36 the the DET ct-9620 101 37 entire entire ADJ ct-9620 101 38 organ organ NOUN ct-9620 101 39 exteriorized exteriorize VERB ct-9620 101 40 from from ADP ct-9620 101 41 the the DET ct-9620 101 42 abdomen abdoman NOUN ct-9620 101 43 and and CCONJ ct-9620 101 44 isolated isolate VERB ct-9620 101 45 using use VERB ct-9620 101 46 lap lap NOUN ct-9620 101 47 sponges sponge NOUN ct-9620 101 48 or or CCONJ ct-9620 101 49 sterile sterile ADJ ct-9620 101 50 towels towel NOUN ct-9620 101 51 . . PUNCT ct-9620 102 1 as as SCONJ ct-9620 102 2 discussed discuss VERB ct-9620 102 3 above above ADV ct-9620 102 4 , , PUNCT ct-9620 102 5 the the DET ct-9620 102 6 use use NOUN ct-9620 102 7 of of ADP ct-9620 102 8 a a DET ct-9620 102 9 tocolytic tocolytic ADJ ct-9620 102 10 dose dose NOUN ct-9620 102 11 of of ADP ct-9620 102 12 epinephrine epinephrine NOUN ct-9620 102 13 will will AUX ct-9620 102 14 facilitate facilitate VERB ct-9620 102 15 uterine uterine ADJ ct-9620 102 16 exteriorization exteriorization NOUN ct-9620 102 17 . . PUNCT ct-9620 103 1 after after SCONJ ct-9620 103 2 the the DET ct-9620 103 3 uterus uterus NOUN ct-9620 103 4 is be AUX ct-9620 103 5 packed pack VERB ct-9620 103 6 off off ADP ct-9620 103 7 to to PART ct-9620 103 8 prevent prevent VERB ct-9620 103 9 abdominal abdominal ADJ ct-9620 103 10 contamination contamination NOUN ct-9620 103 11 , , PUNCT ct-9620 103 12 an an DET ct-9620 103 13 incision incision NOUN ct-9620 103 14 is be AUX ct-9620 103 15 made make VERB ct-9620 103 16 over over ADP ct-9620 103 17 the the DET ct-9620 103 18 greater great ADJ ct-9620 103 19 curvature curvature NOUN ct-9620 103 20 of of ADP ct-9620 103 21 the the DET ct-9620 103 22 uterus uterus NOUN ct-9620 103 23 to to PART ct-9620 103 24 minimize minimize VERB ct-9620 103 25 hemorrhage hemorrhage NOUN ct-9620 103 26 . . PUNCT ct-9620 104 1 the the DET ct-9620 104 2 uterus uterus NOUN ct-9620 104 3 should should AUX ct-9620 104 4 be be AUX ct-9620 104 5 kept keep VERB ct-9620 104 6 exteriorized exteriorize VERB ct-9620 104 7 and and CCONJ ct-9620 104 8 uterine uterine ADJ ct-9620 104 9 contents content NOUN ct-9620 104 10 drained drain VERB ct-9620 104 11 away away ADV ct-9620 104 12 from from ADP ct-9620 104 13 the the DET ct-9620 104 14 incision incision NOUN ct-9620 104 15 line line NOUN ct-9620 104 16 if if SCONJ ct-9620 104 17 contaminated contaminate VERB ct-9620 104 18 uterine uterine ADJ ct-9620 104 19 contents content NOUN ct-9620 104 20 are be AUX ct-9620 104 21 present present ADJ ct-9620 104 22 . . PUNCT ct-9620 105 1 the the DET ct-9620 105 2 uterus uterus NOUN ct-9620 105 3 is be AUX ct-9620 105 4 closed close VERB ct-9620 105 5 as as SCONJ ct-9620 105 6 described describe VERB ct-9620 105 7 for for ADP ct-9620 105 8 the the DET ct-9620 105 9 flank flank NOUN ct-9620 105 10 approach approach NOUN ct-9620 105 11 utilizing utilize VERB ct-9620 105 12 an an DET ct-9620 105 13 inverting inverting NOUN ct-9620 105 14 pattern pattern NOUN ct-9620 105 15 with with ADP ct-9620 105 16 absorbable absorbable ADJ ct-9620 105 17 suture suture NOUN ct-9620 105 18 on on ADP ct-9620 105 19 an an DET ct-9620 105 20 atraumatic atraumatic ADJ ct-9620 105 21 needle needle NOUN ct-9620 105 22 . . PUNCT ct-9620 106 1 once once ADV ct-9620 106 2 closed close VERB ct-9620 106 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 106 4 the the DET ct-9620 106 5 uterus uterus NOUN ct-9620 106 6 is be AUX ct-9620 106 7 lavaged lavage VERB ct-9620 106 8 , , PUNCT ct-9620 106 9 cleaned clean VERB ct-9620 106 10 of of ADP ct-9620 106 11 any any DET ct-9620 106 12 blood blood NOUN ct-9620 106 13 clots clot NOUN ct-9620 106 14 and and CCONJ ct-9620 106 15 debris debris NOUN ct-9620 106 16 , , PUNCT ct-9620 106 17 and and CCONJ ct-9620 106 18 examined examine VERB ct-9620 106 19 extensively extensively ADV ct-9620 106 20 for for ADP ct-9620 106 21 tears tear NOUN ct-9620 106 22 . . PUNCT ct-9620 107 1 abdominal abdominal ADJ ct-9620 107 2 lavage lavage NOUN ct-9620 107 3 as as SCONJ ct-9620 107 4 described describe VERB ct-9620 107 5 for for ADP ct-9620 107 6 the the DET ct-9620 107 7 paralumbar paralumbar ADJ ct-9620 107 8 approach approach NOUN ct-9620 107 9 is be AUX ct-9620 107 10 often often ADV ct-9620 107 11 advisable advisable ADJ ct-9620 107 12 if if SCONJ ct-9620 107 13 labor labor NOUN ct-9620 107 14 has have AUX ct-9620 107 15 been be AUX ct-9620 107 16 protracted protract VERB ct-9620 107 17 or or CCONJ ct-9620 107 18 peritoneal peritoneal ADJ ct-9620 107 19 contamination contamination NOUN ct-9620 107 20 is be AUX ct-9620 107 21 suspected suspect VERB ct-9620 107 22 . . PUNCT ct-9620 108 1 the the DET ct-9620 108 2 ventral ventral ADJ ct-9620 108 3 abdomen abdomen NOUN ct-9620 108 4 is be AUX ct-9620 108 5 closed close VERB ct-9620 108 6 using use VERB ct-9620 108 7 size size NOUN ct-9620 108 8 0 0 NUM ct-9620 108 9 , , PUNCT ct-9620 108 10 1 1 NUM ct-9620 108 11 , , PUNCT ct-9620 108 12 or or CCONJ ct-9620 108 13 2 2 NUM ct-9620 108 14 absorbable absorbable ADJ ct-9620 108 15 suture suture NOUN ct-9620 108 16 with with ADP ct-9620 108 17 an an DET ct-9620 108 18 atraumatic atraumatic ADJ ct-9620 108 19 needle needle NOUN ct-9620 108 20 in in ADP ct-9620 108 21 a a DET ct-9620 108 22 routine routine ADJ ct-9620 108 23 method method NOUN ct-9620 108 24 preferred prefer VERB ct-9620 108 25 by by ADP ct-9620 108 26 the the DET ct-9620 108 27 surgeon surgeon NOUN ct-9620 108 28 . . PUNCT ct-9620 109 1 commonly commonly ADV ct-9620 109 2 , , PUNCT ct-9620 109 3 a a DET ct-9620 109 4 simple simple ADJ ct-9620 109 5 continuous continuous ADJ ct-9620 109 6 pattern pattern NOUN ct-9620 109 7 utilizing utilize VERB ct-9620 109 8 polyglactin polyglactin PROPN ct-9620 109 9 910 910 PROPN ct-9620 109 10 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 109 11 vicryl vicryl NOUN ct-9620 109 12 , , PUNCT ct-9620 109 13 ethicon ethicon NOUN ct-9620 109 14 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 109 15 is be AUX ct-9620 109 16 chosen choose VERB ct-9620 109 17 . . PUNCT ct-9620 110 1 closure closure NOUN ct-9620 110 2 must must AUX ct-9620 110 3 be be AUX ct-9620 110 4 secure secure ADJ ct-9620 110 5 enough enough ADV ct-9620 110 6 to to PART ct-9620 110 7 allow allow VERB ct-9620 110 8 healing healing NOUN ct-9620 110 9 of of ADP ct-9620 110 10 the the DET ct-9620 110 11 linea linea PROPN ct-9620 110 12 alba alba PROPN ct-9620 110 13 to to PART ct-9620 110 14 prevent prevent VERB ct-9620 110 15 herniation herniation NOUN ct-9620 110 16 of of ADP ct-9620 110 17 abdominal abdominal ADJ ct-9620 110 18 contents content NOUN ct-9620 110 19 . . PUNCT ct-9620 111 1 the the DET ct-9620 111 2 subcutaneous subcutaneous ADJ ct-9620 111 3 space space NOUN ct-9620 111 4 is be AUX ct-9620 111 5 closed close VERB ct-9620 111 6 using use VERB ct-9620 111 7 absorbable absorbable ADJ ct-9620 111 8 suture suture NOUN ct-9620 111 9 in in ADP ct-9620 111 10 a a DET ct-9620 111 11 continuous continuous ADJ ct-9620 111 12 pattern pattern NOUN ct-9620 111 13 . . PUNCT ct-9620 112 1 size size NOUN ct-9620 112 2 1 1 NUM ct-9620 112 3 or or CCONJ ct-9620 112 4 3 3 NUM ct-9620 112 5 non non ADJ ct-9620 112 6 - - ADJ ct-9620 112 7 absorbable absorbable ADJ ct-9620 112 8 suture suture NOUN ct-9620 112 9 in in ADP ct-9620 112 10 a a DET ct-9620 112 11 ford ford NOUN ct-9620 112 12 interlocking interlocking NOUN ct-9620 112 13 pattern pattern NOUN ct-9620 112 14 or or CCONJ ct-9620 112 15 simple simple ADJ ct-9620 112 16 interrupted interrupted ADJ ct-9620 112 17 suture suture NOUN ct-9620 112 18 pattern pattern NOUN ct-9620 112 19 is be AUX ct-9620 112 20 used use VERB ct-9620 112 21 for for ADP ct-9620 112 22 skin skin NOUN ct-9620 112 23 closure closure NOUN ct-9620 112 24 . . PUNCT ct-9620 113 1 post post ADJ ct-9620 113 2 - - ADJ ct-9620 113 3 partum partum ADJ ct-9620 113 4 care care NOUN ct-9620 113 5 postoperatively postoperatively ADJ ct-9620 113 6 , , PUNCT ct-9620 113 7 patient patient ADJ ct-9620 113 8 status status NOUN ct-9620 113 9 should should AUX ct-9620 113 10 be be AUX ct-9620 113 11 assessed assess VERB ct-9620 113 12 , , PUNCT ct-9620 113 13 and and CCONJ ct-9620 113 14 dehydration dehydration NOUN ct-9620 113 15 and and CCONJ ct-9620 113 16 electrolyte electrolyte NOUN ct-9620 113 17 abnormalities abnormality NOUN ct-9620 113 18 addressed address VERB ct-9620 113 19 . . PUNCT ct-9620 114 1 postsurgical postsurgical ADJ ct-9620 114 2 antibiotics antibiotic NOUN ct-9620 114 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 114 4 especially especially ADV ct-9620 114 5 if if SCONJ ct-9620 114 6 there there PRON ct-9620 114 7 was be VERB ct-9620 114 8 a a DET ct-9620 114 9 dead dead ADJ ct-9620 114 10 fetus fetus NOUN ct-9620 114 11 , , PUNCT ct-9620 114 12 are be AUX ct-9620 114 13 figure figure NOUN ct-9620 114 14 13 13 NUM ct-9620 114 15 . . PUNCT ct-9620 115 1 beginning begin VERB ct-9620 115 2 knot knot NOUN ct-9620 115 3 of of ADP ct-9620 115 4 utrecht utrecht PROPN ct-9620 115 5 pattern pattern NOUN ct-9620 115 6 as as SCONJ ct-9620 115 7 described describe VERB ct-9620 115 8 by by ADP ct-9620 115 9     SPACE ct-9620 115 10 roberson roberson PROPN ct-9620 115 11 , , PUNCT ct-9620 115 12 2004.48 2004.48 NUM ct-9620 115 13 figure figure NOUN ct-9620 115 14 14 14 NUM ct-9620 115 15 . . PUNCT ct-9620 116 1 utrecht utrecht PROPN ct-9620 116 2 suture suture NOUN ct-9620 116 3 pattern pattern NOUN ct-9620 116 4 for for ADP ct-9620 116 5 uterine uterine ADJ ct-9620 116 6 closure closure NOUN ct-9620 116 7 . . PUNCT ct-9620 117 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9620 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9620 PROPN ct-9620 117 2 citation citation NOUN ct-9620 117 3 line line NOUN ct-9620 117 4 : : PUNCT ct-9620 117 5 clinical clinical ADJ ct-9620 117 6 theriogenology theriogenology NOUN ct-9620 117 7 2023 2023 NUM ct-9620 117 8 , , PUNCT ct-9620 117 9 15 15 NUM ct-9620 117 10 , , PUNCT ct-9620 117 11 9620 9620 NUM ct-9620 117 12 , , PUNCT ct-9620 117 13 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9620 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9620 PROPN ct-9620 117 14 77 77 NUM ct-9620 117 15 frequently frequently ADV ct-9620 117 16 necessary necessary ADJ ct-9620 117 17 . . PUNCT ct-9620 118 1 currently currently ADV ct-9620 118 2 no no DET ct-9620 118 3 antibiotics antibiotic NOUN ct-9620 118 4 are be AUX ct-9620 118 5 labeled label VERB ct-9620 118 6 for for SCONJ ct-9620 118 7 the the DET ct-9620 118 8 post post ADJ ct-9620 118 9 - - ADJ ct-9620 118 10 operative operative ADJ ct-9620 118 11 treatment treatment NOUN ct-9620 118 12 for for ADP ct-9620 118 13 food food NOUN ct-9620 118 14 producing produce VERB ct-9620 118 15 animals animal NOUN ct-9620 118 16 and and CCONJ ct-9620 118 17 regulations regulation NOUN ct-9620 118 18 for for ADP ct-9620 118 19 extra extra ADJ ct-9620 118 20 - - ADJ ct-9620 118 21 label label ADJ ct-9620 118 22 drug drug NOUN ct-9620 118 23 use use NOUN ct-9620 118 24 must must AUX ct-9620 118 25 be be AUX ct-9620 118 26 followed follow VERB ct-9620 118 27 . . PUNCT ct-9620 119 1 commonly commonly ADV ct-9620 119 2 used use VERB ct-9620 119 3 antibiotics antibiotic NOUN ct-9620 119 4 at at ADP ct-9620 119 5 the the DET ct-9620 119 6 author author NOUN ct-9620 119 7 ’s ’s PART ct-9620 119 8 hospital hospital NOUN ct-9620 119 9 include include VERB ct-9620 119 10 ceftiofur ceftiofur NOUN ct-9620 119 11 sodium sodium NOUN ct-9620 119 12 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 119 13 naxcel naxcel VERB ct-9620 119 14 ® ® PROPN ct-9620 119 15 , , PUNCT ct-9620 119 16 zoetis zoetis PROPN ct-9620 119 17 , , PUNCT ct-9620 119 18 kalamazoo kalamazoo PROPN ct-9620 119 19 , , PUNCT ct-9620 119 20 mi mi PROPN ct-9620 119 21 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 119 22 at at ADP ct-9620 119 23 2–4 2–4 NUM ct-9620 119 24 mg mg NUM ct-9620 119 25 / / SYM ct-9620 119 26 kg kg PROPN ct-9620 119 27 intravenously intravenously ADV ct-9620 119 28 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 119 29 iv iv X ct-9620 119 30 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 119 31 or or CCONJ ct-9620 119 32 intramuscularly intramuscularly ADV ct-9620 119 33 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 119 34 i i NOUN ct-9620 119 35 m m PROPN ct-9620 119 36 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 120 1 every every DET ct-9620 120 2 12–24 12–24 NUM ct-9620 120 3 hours hour NOUN ct-9620 120 4 , , PUNCT ct-9620 120 5 oxytetracycline oxytetracycline ADJ ct-9620 120 6 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 120 7 liquamycin liquamycin PROPN ct-9620 120 8 ® ® PROPN ct-9620 120 9 , , PUNCT ct-9620 120 10 zoetis zoetis PROPN ct-9620 120 11 , , PUNCT ct-9620 120 12 kalamazoo kalamazoo PROPN ct-9620 120 13 , , PUNCT ct-9620 120 14 mi mi PROPN ct-9620 120 15 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 120 16 at at ADP ct-9620 120 17 20 20 NUM ct-9620 120 18 mg mg NOUN ct-9620 120 19 / / SYM ct-9620 120 20 kg kg PROPN ct-9620 121 1 i i PRON ct-9620 121 2 m m VERB ct-9620 121 3 or or CCONJ ct-9620 121 4 subcutaneously subcutaneously ADV ct-9620 121 5 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 121 6 sq sq ADJ ct-9620 121 7 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 121 8 figure figure NOUN ct-9620 121 9 15 15 NUM ct-9620 121 10 . . PUNCT ct-9620 122 1 utrecht utrecht PROPN ct-9620 122 2 suture suture NOUN ct-9620 122 3 pattern pattern NOUN ct-9620 122 4 for for ADP ct-9620 122 5 uterine uterine ADJ ct-9620 122 6 closure closure NOUN ct-9620 122 7 . . PUNCT ct-9620 123 1 figure figure NOUN ct-9620 123 2 16 16 NUM ct-9620 123 3 . . PUNCT ct-9620 124 1 utrecht utrecht PROPN ct-9620 124 2 suture suture NOUN ct-9620 124 3 pattern pattern NOUN ct-9620 124 4 for for ADP ct-9620 124 5 uterine uterine ADJ ct-9620 124 6 closure closure NOUN ct-9620 124 7 . . PUNCT ct-9620 125 1 figure figure NOUN ct-9620 125 2 17 17 NUM ct-9620 125 3 . . PUNCT ct-9620 126 1 utrecht utrecht PROPN ct-9620 126 2 suture suture NOUN ct-9620 126 3 pattern pattern NOUN ct-9620 126 4 for for ADP ct-9620 126 5 uterine uterine ADJ ct-9620 126 6 closure closure NOUN ct-9620 126 7 . . PUNCT ct-9620 127 1 figure figure NOUN ct-9620 127 2 18 18 NUM ct-9620 127 3 . . PUNCT ct-9620 128 1 ending end VERB ct-9620 128 2 knot knot NOUN ct-9620 128 3 of of ADP ct-9620 128 4 utrecht utrecht PROPN ct-9620 128 5 as as SCONJ ct-9620 128 6 described describe VERB ct-9620 128 7 by by ADP ct-9620 128 8 roberson roberson PROPN ct-9620 128 9 , , PUNCT ct-9620 128 10 2004.48 2004.48 NUM ct-9620 128 11 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9620 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9620 PROPN ct-9620 128 12 78 78 NUM ct-9620 128 13 citation citation NOUN ct-9620 128 14 line line NOUN ct-9620 128 15 : : PUNCT ct-9620 128 16 clinical clinical ADJ ct-9620 128 17 theriogenology theriogenology NOUN ct-9620 128 18 2023 2023 NUM ct-9620 128 19 , , PUNCT ct-9620 128 20 15 15 NUM ct-9620 128 21 , , PUNCT ct-9620 128 22 9620 9620 NUM ct-9620 128 23 , , PUNCT ct-9620 128 24 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9620 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9620 VERB ct-9620 128 25 every every DET ct-9620 128 26 24–48 24–48 NUM ct-9620 128 27 hours hour NOUN ct-9620 128 28 , , PUNCT ct-9620 128 29 or or CCONJ ct-9620 128 30 florfenicol florfenicol PROPN ct-9620 128 31 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 128 32 nuflor nuflor PROPN ct-9620 128 33 ® ® PROPN ct-9620 128 34 , , PUNCT ct-9620 128 35 merck merck PROPN ct-9620 128 36 animal animal NOUN ct-9620 128 37 health health NOUN ct-9620 128 38 , , PUNCT ct-9620 128 39 rahway rahway PROPN ct-9620 128 40 , , PUNCT ct-9620 128 41 nj nj PROPN ct-9620 128 42 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 128 43 at at ADP ct-9620 128 44 40 40 NUM ct-9620 128 45 mg mg NUM ct-9620 128 46 / / SYM ct-9620 128 47 kg kg NOUN ct-9620 128 48 sq sq INTJ ct-9620 128 49 once.41 once.41 ADJ ct-9620 128 50 post post ADJ ct-9620 128 51 - - ADJ ct-9620 128 52 partum partum ADJ ct-9620 128 53 care care NOUN ct-9620 128 54 of of ADP ct-9620 128 55 the the DET ct-9620 128 56 dam dam NOUN ct-9620 128 57 should should AUX ct-9620 128 58 include include VERB ct-9620 128 59 pain pain NOUN ct-9620 128 60 management management NOUN ct-9620 128 61 . . PUNCT ct-9620 129 1 as as SCONJ ct-9620 129 2 mentioned mention VERB ct-9620 129 3 for for ADP ct-9620 129 4 post post ADJ ct-9620 129 5 - - ADJ ct-9620 129 6 operative operative ADJ ct-9620 129 7 antibiotics antibiotic NOUN ct-9620 129 8 , , PUNCT ct-9620 129 9 no no DET ct-9620 129 10 drugs drug NOUN ct-9620 129 11 have have VERB ct-9620 129 12 food food NOUN ct-9620 129 13 and and CCONJ ct-9620 129 14 drug drug PROPN ct-9620 129 15 administration administration NOUN ct-9620 129 16 approval approval NOUN ct-9620 129 17 for for ADP ct-9620 129 18 this this DET ct-9620 129 19 use use NOUN ct-9620 129 20 , , PUNCT ct-9620 129 21 and and CCONJ ct-9620 129 22 appropriate appropriate ADJ ct-9620 129 23 precautions precaution NOUN ct-9620 129 24 for for ADP ct-9620 129 25 extra extra ADJ ct-9620 129 26 - - ADJ ct-9620 129 27 label label ADJ ct-9620 129 28 drug drug NOUN ct-9620 129 29 use use NOUN ct-9620 129 30 must must AUX ct-9620 129 31 be be AUX ct-9620 129 32 a a DET ct-9620 129 33 consideration consideration NOUN ct-9620 129 34 . . PUNCT ct-9620 130 1 non non ADJ ct-9620 130 2 - - ADJ ct-9620 130 3 steroidal steroidal ADJ ct-9620 130 4 anti anti NOUN ct-9620 130 5 - - NOUN ct-9620 130 6 inflammatories inflammatorie NOUN ct-9620 130 7 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 130 8 nsaid nsaid PROPN ct-9620 130 9 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 130 10 used use VERB ct-9620 130 11 include include VERB ct-9620 130 12 flunixin flunixin PROPN ct-9620 130 13 meglumine meglumine PROPN ct-9620 130 14 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 130 15 banamine banamine PROPN ct-9620 130 16 ® ® PROPN ct-9620 130 17 , , PUNCT ct-9620 130 18 intervet/ intervet/ NUM ct-9620 130 19 merck merck NOUN ct-9620 130 20 , , PUNCT ct-9620 130 21 madison madison PROPN ct-9620 130 22 , , PUNCT ct-9620 130 23 nj nj PROPN ct-9620 130 24 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 130 25 at at ADP ct-9620 130 26 1.1 1.1 NUM ct-9620 130 27 mg mg NOUN ct-9620 130 28 / / SYM ct-9620 130 29 kg kg NOUN ct-9620 130 30 iv iv NUM ct-9620 130 31 every every DET ct-9620 130 32 12–24 12–24 NUM ct-9620 130 33 hours hour NOUN ct-9620 130 34 for for ADP ct-9620 130 35 three three NUM ct-9620 130 36 days day NOUN ct-9620 130 37 or or CCONJ ct-9620 130 38 meloxicam meloxicam NOUN ct-9620 130 39 at at ADP ct-9620 130 40 1 1 NUM ct-9620 130 41 mg mg PROPN ct-9620 130 42 / / SYM ct-9620 130 43 kg kg PROPN ct-9620 130 44 orally orally ADV ct-9620 130 45 every every DET ct-9620 130 46 24 24 NUM ct-9620 130 47 hours.41 hours.41 NOUN ct-9620 130 48 meloxicam meloxicam NOUN ct-9620 130 49 may may AUX ct-9620 130 50 be be AUX ct-9620 130 51 useful useful ADJ ct-9620 130 52 if if SCONJ ct-9620 130 53 the the DET ct-9620 130 54 patient patient NOUN ct-9620 130 55 is be AUX ct-9620 130 56 not not PART ct-9620 130 57 maintained maintain VERB ct-9620 130 58 in in ADP ct-9620 130 59 hospital.41 hospital.41 PROPN ct-9620 130 60 opioids opioid NOUN ct-9620 130 61 such such ADJ ct-9620 130 62 as as ADP ct-9620 130 63 butorphanol butorphanol NOUN ct-9620 130 64 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 130 65 torbugesic torbugesic NOUN ct-9620 130 66 ® ® PROPN ct-9620 130 67 , , PUNCT ct-9620 130 68 zoetis zoetis PROPN ct-9620 130 69 , , PUNCT ct-9620 130 70 kalamazoo kalamazoo PROPN ct-9620 130 71 , , PUNCT ct-9620 130 72 mi mi PROPN ct-9620 130 73 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 130 74 at at ADP ct-9620 130 75 0.1 0.1 NUM ct-9620 130 76 mg mg PROPN ct-9620 130 77 / / SYM ct-9620 130 78 kg kg NOUN ct-9620 130 79 sq sq INTJ ct-9620 130 80 every every DET ct-9620 130 81 6–8 6–8 NOUN ct-9620 130 82 hours hour NOUN ct-9620 130 83 or or CCONJ ct-9620 130 84 morphine morphine NOUN ct-9620 130 85 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 130 86 morphine morphine NOUN ct-9620 130 87 sulphate sulphate NOUN ct-9620 130 88 injection injection NOUN ct-9620 130 89 , , PUNCT ct-9620 130 90 hikma hikma PROPN ct-9620 130 91 , , PUNCT ct-9620 130 92 eatontown eatontown PROPN ct-9620 130 93 , , PUNCT ct-9620 130 94 nj nj PROPN ct-9620 130 95 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 130 96 at at ADP ct-9620 130 97 0.1–0.5 0.1–0.5 NUM ct-9620 130 98 mg mg PROPN ct-9620 130 99 / / SYM ct-9620 130 100 kg kg NOUN ct-9620 131 1 sq sq INTJ ct-9620 132 1 every every DET ct-9620 132 2 6–8 6–8 NOUN ct-9620 132 3 hours hour NOUN ct-9620 132 4 may may AUX ct-9620 132 5 be be AUX ct-9620 132 6 administered administer VERB ct-9620 132 7 for for ADP ct-9620 132 8 additional additional ADJ ct-9620 132 9 pain pain NOUN ct-9620 132 10 management management NOUN ct-9620 132 11 for for ADP ct-9620 132 12 up up ADP ct-9620 132 13 to to PART ct-9620 132 14 48 48 NUM ct-9620 132 15 hours.41 hours.41 NOUN ct-9620 132 16 most most ADJ ct-9620 132 17 patients patient NOUN ct-9620 132 18 are be AUX ct-9620 132 19 standing stand VERB ct-9620 132 20 and and CCONJ ct-9620 132 21 eating eat VERB ct-9620 132 22 quickly quickly ADV ct-9620 132 23 after after SCONJ ct-9620 132 24 surgical surgical ADJ ct-9620 132 25 recovery recovery NOUN ct-9620 132 26 and and CCONJ ct-9620 132 27 non non ADJ ct-9620 132 28 - - ADJ ct-9620 132 29 steroidal steroidal ADJ ct-9620 132 30 anti anti ADJ ct-9620 132 31 - - NOUN ct-9620 132 32 inflammatories inflammatorie NOUN ct-9620 132 33 are be AUX ct-9620 132 34 often often ADV ct-9620 132 35 discontinued discontinue VERB ct-9620 132 36 three three NUM ct-9620 132 37 days day NOUN ct-9620 132 38 after after ADP ct-9620 132 39 surgery surgery NOUN ct-9620 132 40 , , PUNCT ct-9620 132 41 depending depend VERB ct-9620 132 42 on on ADP ct-9620 132 43 assessment assessment NOUN ct-9620 132 44 of of ADP ct-9620 132 45 the the DET ct-9620 132 46 dam dam NOUN ct-9620 132 47 ’s ’s PART ct-9620 132 48 pain pain NOUN ct-9620 132 49 level level NOUN ct-9620 132 50 . . PUNCT ct-9620 133 1 passage passage NOUN ct-9620 133 2 of of ADP ct-9620 133 3 fetal fetal ADJ ct-9620 133 4 membranes membrane NOUN ct-9620 133 5 should should AUX ct-9620 133 6 occur occur VERB ct-9620 133 7 within within ADP ct-9620 133 8 12 12 NUM ct-9620 133 9 hours hour NOUN ct-9620 133 10 after after ADP ct-9620 133 11 a a DET ct-9620 133 12 normal normal ADJ ct-9620 133 13 delivery delivery NOUN ct-9620 133 14 . . PUNCT ct-9620 134 1 after after SCONJ ct-9620 134 2 a a DET ct-9620 134 3 c c NOUN ct-9620 134 4 - - PUNCT ct-9620 134 5 section section NOUN ct-9620 134 6 is be AUX ct-9620 134 7 performed perform VERB ct-9620 134 8 , , PUNCT ct-9620 134 9 passage passage NOUN ct-9620 134 10 of of ADP ct-9620 134 11 the the DET ct-9620 134 12 necrotic necrotic ADJ ct-9620 134 13 membranes membrane NOUN ct-9620 134 14 is be AUX ct-9620 134 15 imperative imperative ADJ ct-9620 134 16 for for ADP ct-9620 134 17 hysterotomy hysterotomy NOUN ct-9620 134 18 site site NOUN ct-9620 134 19 healing healing NOUN ct-9620 134 20 . . PUNCT ct-9620 135 1 oxytocin oxytocin PROPN ct-9620 135 2 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 135 3 vetone vetone PROPN ct-9620 135 4 , , PUNCT ct-9620 135 5 boise boise PROPN ct-9620 135 6 , , PUNCT ct-9620 135 7 i i PROPN ct-9620 135 8 d d PROPN ct-9620 135 9 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 135 10 is be AUX ct-9620 135 11 used use VERB ct-9620 135 12 as as ADP ct-9620 135 13 an an DET ct-9620 135 14 ecbolic ecbolic ADJ ct-9620 135 15 agent agent NOUN ct-9620 135 16 at at ADP ct-9620 135 17 5–10 5–10 ADJ ct-9620 135 18 international international ADJ ct-9620 135 19 units unit NOUN ct-9620 135 20 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 135 21 iu iu ADP ct-9620 135 22 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 135 23 i i PRON ct-9620 135 24 m m PROPN ct-9620 135 25 , , PUNCT ct-9620 135 26 sq sq PROPN ct-9620 135 27 , , PUNCT ct-9620 135 28 or or CCONJ ct-9620 135 29 iv iv VERB ct-9620 135 30 up up ADP ct-9620 135 31 to to ADP ct-9620 135 32 every every DET ct-9620 135 33 3 3 NUM ct-9620 135 34 hours hour NOUN ct-9620 135 35 until until SCONJ ct-9620 135 36 the the DET ct-9620 135 37 fetal fetal ADJ ct-9620 135 38 membranes membrane NOUN ct-9620 135 39 have have AUX ct-9620 135 40 passed.2,16 passed.2,16 VERB ct-9620 135 41 prompt prompt ADJ ct-9620 135 42 management management NOUN ct-9620 135 43 of of ADP ct-9620 135 44 retained retain VERB ct-9620 135 45 fetal fetal ADJ ct-9620 135 46 membranes membrane NOUN ct-9620 135 47 will will AUX ct-9620 135 48 reduce reduce VERB ct-9620 135 49 the the DET ct-9620 135 50 likelihood likelihood NOUN ct-9620 135 51 of of ADP ct-9620 135 52 other other ADJ ct-9620 135 53 more more ADV ct-9620 135 54 severe severe ADJ ct-9620 135 55 complications complication NOUN ct-9620 135 56 occurring occur VERB ct-9620 135 57 . . PUNCT ct-9620 136 1 surgical surgical ADJ ct-9620 136 2 complications complication NOUN ct-9620 136 3 following follow VERB ct-9620 136 4 emergency emergency NOUN ct-9620 136 5 c c NOUN ct-9620 136 6 - - PUNCT ct-9620 136 7 section section NOUN ct-9620 136 8 postsurgical postsurgical ADJ ct-9620 136 9 complications complication NOUN ct-9620 136 10 reportedly reportedly ADV ct-9620 136 11 occur occur VERB ct-9620 136 12 in in ADP ct-9620 136 13 33–77 33–77 NUM ct-9620 136 14 % % NOUN ct-9620 136 15 of of ADP ct-9620 136 16 cases.9,12,13 cases.9,12,13 NOUN ct-9620 136 17 of of ADP ct-9620 136 18 all all DET ct-9620 136 19 figure figure NOUN ct-9620 136 20 19 19 NUM ct-9620 136 21 . . PUNCT ct-9620 137 1 ending end VERB ct-9620 137 2 knot knot NOUN ct-9620 137 3 of of ADP ct-9620 137 4 utrecht utrecht PROPN ct-9620 137 5 as as SCONJ ct-9620 137 6 described describe VERB ct-9620 137 7 by by ADP ct-9620 137 8 roberson roberson PROPN ct-9620 137 9 , , PUNCT ct-9620 137 10 2004.48 2004.48 NUM ct-9620 137 11 figure figure NOUN ct-9620 137 12 20 20 NUM ct-9620 137 13 . . PUNCT ct-9620 138 1 ending end VERB ct-9620 138 2 knot knot NOUN ct-9620 138 3 of of ADP ct-9620 138 4 utrecht utrecht PROPN ct-9620 138 5 as as SCONJ ct-9620 138 6 described describe VERB ct-9620 138 7 by by ADP ct-9620 138 8 roberson roberson PROPN ct-9620 138 9 , , PUNCT ct-9620 138 10 2004.48 2004.48 NUM ct-9620 138 11 figure figure NOUN ct-9620 138 12 21 21 NUM ct-9620 138 13 . . PUNCT ct-9620 139 1 uterus uterus NOUN ct-9620 139 2 after after SCONJ ct-9620 139 3 a a DET ct-9620 139 4 utrecht utrecht PROPN ct-9620 139 5 closure closure NOUN ct-9620 139 6 has have AUX ct-9620 139 7 been be AUX ct-9620 139 8 placed place VERB ct-9620 139 9 . . PUNCT ct-9620 140 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9620 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9620 PROPN ct-9620 140 2 citation citation NOUN ct-9620 140 3 line line NOUN ct-9620 140 4 : : PUNCT ct-9620 140 5 clinical clinical ADJ ct-9620 140 6 theriogenology theriogenology NOUN ct-9620 140 7 2023 2023 NUM ct-9620 140 8 , , PUNCT ct-9620 140 9 15 15 NUM ct-9620 140 10 , , PUNCT ct-9620 140 11 9620 9620 NUM ct-9620 140 12 , , PUNCT ct-9620 140 13 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9620 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9620 PROPN ct-9620 140 14 79 79 NUM ct-9620 140 15 complications complication NOUN ct-9620 140 16 , , PUNCT ct-9620 140 17 retained retain VERB ct-9620 140 18 fetal fetal ADJ ct-9620 140 19 membranes membrane NOUN ct-9620 140 20 is be AUX ct-9620 140 21 reported report VERB ct-9620 140 22 most most ADV ct-9620 140 23 commonly commonly ADV ct-9620 140 24 at at ADP ct-9620 140 25 13–45%.9,13 13–45%.9,13 NUM ct-9620 140 26 other other ADJ ct-9620 140 27 postoperative postoperative ADJ ct-9620 140 28 complications complication NOUN ct-9620 140 29 include include VERB ct-9620 140 30 delayed delay VERB ct-9620 140 31 incisional incisional ADJ ct-9620 140 32 healing healing NOUN ct-9620 140 33 , , PUNCT ct-9620 140 34 incisional incisional ADJ ct-9620 140 35 dehiscence dehiscence NOUN ct-9620 140 36 , , PUNCT ct-9620 140 37 vaginal vaginal ADJ ct-9620 140 38 prolapse prolapse NOUN ct-9620 140 39 , , PUNCT ct-9620 140 40 anorexia anorexia PROPN ct-9620 140 41 , , PUNCT ct-9620 140 42 and and CCONJ ct-9620 140 43 anemia.13 anemia.13 PRON ct-9620 140 44 the the DET ct-9620 140 45 preoperative preoperative ADJ ct-9620 140 46 state state NOUN ct-9620 140 47 of of ADP ct-9620 140 48 the the DET ct-9620 140 49 dam dam NOUN ct-9620 140 50 following follow VERB ct-9620 140 51 prolonged prolong VERB ct-9620 140 52 dystocia dystocia NOUN ct-9620 140 53 impacts impact NOUN ct-9620 140 54 the the DET ct-9620 140 55 likelihood likelihood NOUN ct-9620 140 56 of of ADP ct-9620 140 57 developing develop VERB ct-9620 140 58 complications.9 complications.9 NOUN ct-9620 140 59 in in ADP ct-9620 140 60 one one NUM ct-9620 140 61 study study NOUN ct-9620 140 62 comparing compare VERB ct-9620 140 63 the the DET ct-9620 140 64 outcome outcome NOUN ct-9620 140 65 of of ADP ct-9620 140 66 ewes ewe NOUN ct-9620 140 67 following follow VERB ct-9620 140 68 vaginal vaginal ADJ ct-9620 140 69 delivery delivery NOUN ct-9620 140 70 or or CCONJ ct-9620 140 71 elective elective ADJ ct-9620 140 72 c c NOUN ct-9620 140 73 - - PUNCT ct-9620 140 74 section section NOUN ct-9620 140 75 , , PUNCT ct-9620 140 76 only only ADV ct-9620 140 77 8 8 NUM ct-9620 140 78 % % NOUN ct-9620 140 79 of of ADP ct-9620 140 80 the the DET ct-9620 140 81 ewes ewe NOUN ct-9620 140 82 subjected subject VERB ct-9620 140 83 to to ADP ct-9620 140 84 c c NOUN ct-9620 140 85 - - PUNCT ct-9620 140 86 section section NOUN ct-9620 140 87 developed develop VERB ct-9620 140 88 postoperative postoperative ADJ ct-9620 140 89 complications.34 complications.34 NOUN ct-9620 140 90 another another DET ct-9620 140 91 study study NOUN ct-9620 140 92 reported report VERB ct-9620 140 93 that that SCONJ ct-9620 140 94 the the DET ct-9620 140 95 development development NOUN ct-9620 140 96 of of ADP ct-9620 140 97 complications complication NOUN ct-9620 140 98 was be AUX ct-9620 140 99 higher high ADJ ct-9620 140 100 in in ADP ct-9620 140 101 cases case NOUN ct-9620 140 102 that that PRON ct-9620 140 103 did do AUX ct-9620 140 104 not not PART ct-9620 140 105 receive receive VERB ct-9620 140 106 postoperative postoperative ADJ ct-9620 140 107 antibiotics.13 antibiotics.13 NOUN ct-9620 140 108 reports report NOUN ct-9620 140 109 of of ADP ct-9620 140 110 dam dam NOUN ct-9620 140 111 survival survival NOUN ct-9620 140 112 postoperatively postoperatively ADV ct-9620 140 113 are be AUX ct-9620 140 114 high high ADJ ct-9620 140 115 at at ADP ct-9620 140 116 81–99%.9,12–14,20,34 81–99%.9,12–14,20,34 NUM ct-9620 140 117 historically historically ADV ct-9620 140 118 , , PUNCT ct-9620 140 119 a a DET ct-9620 140 120 difference difference NOUN ct-9620 140 121 has have AUX ct-9620 140 122 been be AUX ct-9620 140 123 observed observe VERB ct-9620 140 124 in in ADP ct-9620 140 125 dam dam NOUN ct-9620 140 126 survivability survivability NOUN ct-9620 140 127 if if SCONJ ct-9620 140 128 live live ADJ ct-9620 140 129 or or CCONJ ct-9620 140 130 autolyzed autolyze VERB ct-9620 140 131 fetuses fetus NOUN ct-9620 140 132 were be AUX ct-9620 140 133 present present ADJ ct-9620 140 134 at at ADP ct-9620 140 135 the the DET ct-9620 140 136 time time NOUN ct-9620 140 137 of of ADP ct-9620 140 138 surgery surgery NOUN ct-9620 140 139 . . PUNCT ct-9620 141 1 dams dam NOUN ct-9620 141 2 with with ADP ct-9620 141 3 live live ADJ ct-9620 141 4 fetuses fetus NOUN ct-9620 141 5 had have VERB ct-9620 141 6 a a DET ct-9620 141 7 98 98 NUM ct-9620 141 8 % % NOUN ct-9620 141 9 survival survival NOUN ct-9620 141 10 rate rate NOUN ct-9620 141 11 and and CCONJ ct-9620 141 12 dams dam NOUN ct-9620 141 13 with with ADP ct-9620 141 14 autolyzed autolyze VERB ct-9620 141 15 fetuses fetus NOUN ct-9620 141 16 present present ADJ ct-9620 141 17 had have VERB ct-9620 141 18 a a DET ct-9620 141 19 survival survival NOUN ct-9620 141 20 rate rate NOUN ct-9620 141 21 of of ADP ct-9620 141 22 57%.10 57%.10 NUM ct-9620 141 23 this this DET ct-9620 141 24 difference difference NOUN ct-9620 141 25 in in ADP ct-9620 141 26 survival survival NOUN ct-9620 141 27 rate rate NOUN ct-9620 141 28 has have AUX ct-9620 141 29 not not PART ct-9620 141 30 been be AUX ct-9620 141 31 duplicated duplicate VERB ct-9620 141 32 in in ADP ct-9620 141 33 other other ADJ ct-9620 141 34 reports.9,12,20,34 reports.9,12,20,34 NOUN ct-9620 141 35 ewes ewe NOUN ct-9620 141 36 that that PRON ct-9620 141 37 present present VERB ct-9620 141 38 with with ADP ct-9620 141 39 a a DET ct-9620 141 40 history history NOUN ct-9620 141 41 of of ADP ct-9620 141 42 concurrent concurrent ADJ ct-9620 141 43 disorders disorder NOUN ct-9620 141 44 , , PUNCT ct-9620 141 45 such such ADJ ct-9620 141 46 as as ADP ct-9620 141 47 vaginal vaginal ADJ ct-9620 141 48 prolapse prolapse NOUN ct-9620 141 49 or or CCONJ ct-9620 141 50 pregnancy pregnancy NOUN ct-9620 141 51 toxemia toxemia NOUN ct-9620 141 52 , , PUNCT ct-9620 141 53 are be AUX ct-9620 141 54 reported report VERB ct-9620 141 55 to to PART ct-9620 141 56 have have VERB ct-9620 141 57 a a DET ct-9620 141 58 c c NOUN ct-9620 141 59 - - PUNCT ct-9620 141 60 section section NOUN ct-9620 141 61 survival survival NOUN ct-9620 141 62 rate rate NOUN ct-9620 141 63 of of ADP ct-9620 141 64 68.5 68.5 NUM ct-9620 141 65 % % NOUN ct-9620 141 66 compared compare VERB ct-9620 141 67 to to ADP ct-9620 141 68 ewes ewe NOUN ct-9620 141 69 with with ADP ct-9620 141 70 no no DET ct-9620 141 71 concurrent concurrent ADJ ct-9620 141 72 disorders disorder NOUN ct-9620 141 73 which which PRON ct-9620 141 74 had have VERB ct-9620 141 75 a a DET ct-9620 141 76 survival survival NOUN ct-9620 141 77 rate rate NOUN ct-9620 141 78 of of ADP ct-9620 141 79 96.2%.9 96.2%.9 NUM ct-9620 141 80 in in ADP ct-9620 141 81 one one NUM ct-9620 141 82 report report NOUN ct-9620 141 83 , , PUNCT ct-9620 141 84 all all DET ct-9620 141 85 females female NOUN ct-9620 141 86 presenting present VERB ct-9620 141 87 with with ADP ct-9620 141 88 pregnancy pregnancy NOUN ct-9620 141 89 toxemia toxemia NOUN ct-9620 141 90 died.13 died.13 VERB ct-9620 141 91 other other ADJ ct-9620 141 92 reports report NOUN ct-9620 141 93 revealed reveal VERB ct-9620 141 94 a a DET ct-9620 141 95 70%–75 70%–75 ADJ ct-9620 141 96 % % NOUN ct-9620 141 97 mortality mortality NOUN ct-9620 141 98 rate rate NOUN ct-9620 141 99 for for ADP ct-9620 141 100 does do AUX ct-9620 141 101 diagnosed diagnose VERB ct-9620 141 102 with with ADP ct-9620 141 103 pregnancy pregnancy NOUN ct-9620 141 104 toxemia.42,43 toxemia.42,43 NOUN ct-9620 141 105 for for ADP ct-9620 141 106 ewes ewe NOUN ct-9620 141 107 that that PRON ct-9620 141 108 underwent undergo VERB ct-9620 141 109 c c NOUN ct-9620 141 110 - - PUNCT ct-9620 141 111 section section NOUN ct-9620 141 112 , , PUNCT ct-9620 141 113 if if SCONJ ct-9620 141 114 presenting present VERB ct-9620 141 115 with with ADP ct-9620 141 116 a a DET ct-9620 141 117 history history NOUN ct-9620 141 118 of of ADP ct-9620 141 119 repeated repeat VERB ct-9620 141 120 vaginal vaginal ADJ ct-9620 141 121 prolapse prolapse NOUN ct-9620 141 122 , , PUNCT ct-9620 141 123 or or CCONJ ct-9620 141 124 had have VERB ct-9620 141 125 a a DET ct-9620 141 126 vaginal vaginal ADJ ct-9620 141 127 prolapse prolapse NOUN ct-9620 141 128 at at ADP ct-9620 141 129 the the DET ct-9620 141 130 time time NOUN ct-9620 141 131 of of ADP ct-9620 141 132 presentation presentation NOUN ct-9620 141 133 , , PUNCT ct-9620 141 134 there there PRON ct-9620 141 135 was be VERB ct-9620 141 136 a a DET ct-9620 141 137 10 10 NUM ct-9620 141 138 - - ADJ ct-9620 141 139 fold fold ADJ ct-9620 141 140 increased increase VERB ct-9620 141 141 likelihood likelihood NOUN ct-9620 141 142 of of ADP ct-9620 141 143 a a DET ct-9620 141 144 c c NOUN ct-9620 141 145 - - PUNCT ct-9620 141 146 section section NOUN ct-9620 141 147 having have VERB ct-9620 141 148 to to PART ct-9620 141 149 be be AUX ct-9620 141 150 performed.10 performed.10 NOUN ct-9620 141 151 for for ADP ct-9620 141 152 ewes ewe NOUN ct-9620 141 153 undergoing undergo VERB ct-9620 141 154 c c NOUN ct-9620 141 155 - - PUNCT ct-9620 141 156 section section NOUN ct-9620 141 157 , , PUNCT ct-9620 141 158 there there PRON ct-9620 141 159 was be VERB ct-9620 141 160 a a DET ct-9620 141 161 significant significant ADJ ct-9620 141 162 association association NOUN ct-9620 141 163 with with ADP ct-9620 141 164 survival survival NOUN ct-9620 141 165 when when SCONJ ct-9620 141 166 presenting present VERB ct-9620 141 167 with with ADP ct-9620 141 168 no no DET ct-9620 141 169 vaginal vaginal ADJ ct-9620 141 170 prolapse.10 prolapse.10 NOUN ct-9620 141 171 future future ADJ ct-9620 141 172 fertility fertility NOUN ct-9620 141 173 of of ADP ct-9620 141 174 interest interest NOUN ct-9620 141 175 to to ADP ct-9620 141 176 producers producer NOUN ct-9620 141 177 is be AUX ct-9620 141 178 the the DET ct-9620 141 179 future future ADJ ct-9620 141 180 fertility fertility NOUN ct-9620 141 181 of of ADP ct-9620 141 182 the the DET ct-9620 141 183 dam dam NOUN ct-9620 141 184 after after ADP ct-9620 141 185 a a DET ct-9620 141 186 c c NOUN ct-9620 141 187 - - PUNCT ct-9620 141 188 section section NOUN ct-9620 141 189 . . PUNCT ct-9620 142 1 in in ADP ct-9620 142 2 retrospective retrospective ADJ ct-9620 142 3 studies study NOUN ct-9620 142 4 , , PUNCT ct-9620 142 5 small small ADJ ct-9620 142 6 numbers number NOUN ct-9620 142 7 have have AUX ct-9620 142 8 been be AUX ct-9620 142 9 followed follow VERB ct-9620 142 10 to to PART ct-9620 142 11 re re VERB ct-9620 142 12 - - VERB ct-9620 142 13 breeding breed VERB ct-9620 142 14 with with ADP ct-9620 142 15 reports report NOUN ct-9620 142 16 of of ADP ct-9620 142 17 84–100 84–100 NUM ct-9620 142 18 % % NOUN ct-9620 142 19 of of ADP ct-9620 142 20 postsurgical postsurgical ADJ ct-9620 142 21 cases case NOUN ct-9620 142 22 achieving achieve VERB ct-9620 142 23 pregnancy pregnancy NOUN ct-9620 142 24 in in ADP ct-9620 142 25 the the DET ct-9620 142 26 next next ADJ ct-9620 142 27 breeding breeding NOUN ct-9620 142 28 season.9,13 season.9,13 PROPN ct-9620 142 29 in in ADP ct-9620 142 30 a a DET ct-9620 142 31 report report NOUN ct-9620 142 32 comparing compare VERB ct-9620 142 33 vaginal vaginal ADJ ct-9620 142 34 delivery delivery NOUN ct-9620 142 35 and and CCONJ ct-9620 142 36 elective elective ADJ ct-9620 142 37 c c NOUN ct-9620 142 38 - - PUNCT ct-9620 142 39 section section NOUN ct-9620 142 40 , , PUNCT ct-9620 142 41 there there PRON ct-9620 142 42 was be VERB ct-9620 142 43 no no DET ct-9620 142 44 difference difference NOUN ct-9620 142 45 in in ADP ct-9620 142 46 pregnancy pregnancy NOUN ct-9620 142 47 rates rate NOUN ct-9620 142 48 between between ADP ct-9620 142 49 ewes ewe NOUN ct-9620 142 50 that that PRON ct-9620 142 51 vaginally vaginally ADV ct-9620 142 52 delivered deliver VERB ct-9620 142 53 or or CCONJ ct-9620 142 54 underwent undergo VERB ct-9620 142 55 c c NOUN ct-9620 142 56 - - PUNCT ct-9620 142 57 section section NOUN ct-9620 142 58 the the DET ct-9620 142 59 prior prior ADJ ct-9620 142 60 year year NOUN ct-9620 142 61 , , PUNCT ct-9620 142 62 with with SCONJ ct-9620 142 63 a a DET ct-9620 142 64 pregnancy pregnancy NOUN ct-9620 142 65 rate rate NOUN ct-9620 142 66 of of ADP ct-9620 142 67 89 89 NUM ct-9620 142 68 % % NOUN ct-9620 142 69 in in ADP ct-9620 142 70 both both DET ct-9620 142 71 groups.34 groups.34 NOUN ct-9620 142 72 neonatal neonatal ADJ ct-9620 142 73 care care NOUN ct-9620 142 74 reported report VERB ct-9620 142 75 neonate neonate ADJ ct-9620 142 76 survival survival NOUN ct-9620 142 77 rates rate NOUN ct-9620 142 78 range range VERB ct-9620 142 79 from from ADP ct-9620 142 80 42 42 NUM ct-9620 142 81 to to PART ct-9620 142 82 82 82 NUM ct-9620 142 83 % % NOUN ct-9620 142 84 postoperatively.9,12–14 postoperatively.9,12–14 PROPN ct-9620 142 85 duration duration NOUN ct-9620 142 86 of of ADP ct-9620 142 87 labor labor NOUN ct-9620 142 88 for for ADP ct-9620 142 89 greater great ADJ ct-9620 142 90 than than ADP ct-9620 142 91 12 12 NUM ct-9620 142 92 hours hour NOUN ct-9620 142 93 was be AUX ct-9620 142 94 significantly significantly ADV ct-9620 142 95 associated associate VERB ct-9620 142 96 with with ADP ct-9620 142 97 fetal fetal ADJ ct-9620 142 98 mortality.9 mortality.9 NOUN ct-9620 142 99 in in ADP ct-9620 142 100 a a DET ct-9620 142 101 study study NOUN ct-9620 142 102 comparing compare VERB ct-9620 142 103 vaginally vaginally ADV ct-9620 142 104 delivered deliver VERB ct-9620 142 105 lambs lamb NOUN ct-9620 142 106 versus versus ADP ct-9620 142 107 elective elective ADJ ct-9620 142 108 c c NOUN ct-9620 142 109 - - PUNCT ct-9620 142 110 section section NOUN ct-9620 142 111 delivered deliver VERB ct-9620 142 112 lambs lamb NOUN ct-9620 142 113 , , PUNCT ct-9620 142 114 there there PRON ct-9620 142 115 was be VERB ct-9620 142 116 no no DET ct-9620 142 117 postoperative postoperative ADJ ct-9620 142 118 or or CCONJ ct-9620 142 119 long long ADJ ct-9620 142 120 term term NOUN ct-9620 142 121 differences difference NOUN ct-9620 142 122 between between ADP ct-9620 142 123 survivability survivability NOUN ct-9620 142 124 of of ADP ct-9620 142 125 the the DET ct-9620 142 126 lambs lamb NOUN ct-9620 142 127 , , PUNCT ct-9620 142 128 emphasizing emphasize VERB ct-9620 142 129 the the DET ct-9620 142 130 need need NOUN ct-9620 142 131 for for ADP ct-9620 142 132 timely timely ADJ ct-9620 142 133 intervention intervention NOUN ct-9620 142 134 of of ADP ct-9620 142 135 dystocia dystocia NOUN ct-9620 142 136 incidences.34 incidences.34 NOUN ct-9620 142 137 in in ADP ct-9620 142 138 a a DET ct-9620 142 139 recent recent ADJ ct-9620 142 140 study study NOUN ct-9620 142 141 comparing compare VERB ct-9620 142 142 kid kid ADJ ct-9620 142 143 survival survival NOUN ct-9620 142 144 rates rate NOUN ct-9620 142 145 after after ADP ct-9620 142 146 delivery delivery NOUN ct-9620 142 147 from from ADP ct-9620 142 148 a a DET ct-9620 142 149 c c NOUN ct-9620 142 150 - - PUNCT ct-9620 142 151 section section NOUN ct-9620 142 152 performed perform VERB ct-9620 142 153 under under ADP ct-9620 142 154 sedation sedation NOUN ct-9620 142 155 or or CCONJ ct-9620 142 156 under under ADP ct-9620 142 157 general general ADJ ct-9620 142 158 anesthesia anesthesia NOUN ct-9620 142 159 , , PUNCT ct-9620 142 160 kid kid ADJ ct-9620 142 161 survival survival NOUN ct-9620 142 162 rate rate NOUN ct-9620 142 163 was be AUX ct-9620 142 164 significantly significantly ADV ct-9620 142 165 higher high ADJ ct-9620 142 166 in in ADP ct-9620 142 167 the the DET ct-9620 142 168 sedation sedation NOUN ct-9620 142 169 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 142 170 90.4 90.4 NUM ct-9620 142 171 % % NOUN ct-9620 142 172 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 142 173 group group NOUN ct-9620 142 174 compared compare VERB ct-9620 142 175 to to ADP ct-9620 142 176 the the DET ct-9620 142 177 general general ADJ ct-9620 142 178 anesthesia anesthesia PROPN ct-9620 142 179 group group NOUN ct-9620 142 180 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 142 181 66.7%).26 66.7%).26 ADJ ct-9620 142 182 when when SCONJ ct-9620 142 183 neonates neonate NOUN ct-9620 142 184 are be AUX ct-9620 142 185 first first ADV ct-9620 142 186 delivered deliver VERB ct-9620 142 187 from from ADP ct-9620 142 188 the the DET ct-9620 142 189 uterus uterus NOUN ct-9620 142 190 , , PUNCT ct-9620 142 191 they they PRON ct-9620 142 192 may may AUX ct-9620 142 193 need need VERB ct-9620 142 194 resuscitation resuscitation NOUN ct-9620 142 195 depending depend VERB ct-9620 142 196 on on ADP ct-9620 142 197 the the DET ct-9620 142 198 duration duration NOUN ct-9620 142 199 of of ADP ct-9620 142 200 labor labor NOUN ct-9620 142 201 and and CCONJ ct-9620 142 202 the the DET ct-9620 142 203 amount amount NOUN ct-9620 142 204 or or CCONJ ct-9620 142 205 type type NOUN ct-9620 142 206 of of ADP ct-9620 142 207 anesthetic anesthetic NOUN ct-9620 142 208 administered administer VERB ct-9620 142 209 to to ADP ct-9620 142 210 the the DET ct-9620 142 211 dam dam NOUN ct-9620 142 212 . . PUNCT ct-9620 143 1 oxygen oxygen NOUN ct-9620 143 2 supplementation supplementation NOUN ct-9620 143 3 should should AUX ct-9620 143 4 be be AUX ct-9620 143 5 available available ADJ ct-9620 143 6 . . PUNCT ct-9620 144 1 depending depend VERB ct-9620 144 2 on on ADP ct-9620 144 3 the the DET ct-9620 144 4 dose dose NOUN ct-9620 144 5 and and CCONJ ct-9620 144 6 type type NOUN ct-9620 144 7 of of ADP ct-9620 144 8 sedation sedation NOUN ct-9620 144 9 administered administer VERB ct-9620 144 10 to to ADP ct-9620 144 11 the the DET ct-9620 144 12 dam dam NOUN ct-9620 144 13 , , PUNCT ct-9620 144 14 a a DET ct-9620 144 15 reversal reversal NOUN ct-9620 144 16 agent agent NOUN ct-9620 144 17 can can AUX ct-9620 144 18 be be AUX ct-9620 144 19 given give VERB ct-9620 144 20 to to ADP ct-9620 144 21 the the DET ct-9620 144 22 neonate neonate NOUN ct-9620 144 23 . . PUNCT ct-9620 145 1 midazolam midazolam PROPN ct-9620 145 2 is be AUX ct-9620 145 3 reversed reverse VERB ct-9620 145 4 using use VERB ct-9620 145 5 flumazenil flumazenil NOUN ct-9620 145 6 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 145 7 baxter baxter PROPN ct-9620 145 8 healthcare healthcare PROPN ct-9620 145 9 , , PUNCT ct-9620 145 10 deerfield deerfield PROPN ct-9620 145 11 , , PUNCT ct-9620 145 12 il il PROPN ct-9620 145 13 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 145 14 at at ADP ct-9620 145 15 0.01 0.01 NUM ct-9620 145 16 to to PART ct-9620 145 17 0.02 0.02 NUM ct-9620 145 18 mg mg NUM ct-9620 145 19 / / SYM ct-9620 145 20 kg kg PROPN ct-9620 145 21 intravenously.44 intravenously.44 VERB ct-9620 145 22 the the DET ct-9620 145 23 effects effect NOUN ct-9620 145 24 of of ADP ct-9620 145 25 xylazine xylazine NOUN ct-9620 145 26 are be AUX ct-9620 145 27 reversed reverse VERB ct-9620 145 28 using use VERB ct-9620 145 29 atipamazole atipamazole ADJ ct-9620 145 30 hydrochloride hydrochloride NOUN ct-9620 145 31 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 145 32 antisedan antisedan PROPN ct-9620 145 33 ® ® PROPN ct-9620 145 34 , , PUNCT ct-9620 145 35 zoetis zoetis PROPN ct-9620 145 36 inc inc PROPN ct-9620 145 37 , , PUNCT ct-9620 145 38 kalamazoo kalamazoo PROPN ct-9620 145 39 , , PUNCT ct-9620 145 40 mi mi PROPN ct-9620 145 41 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 145 42 at at ADP ct-9620 145 43 0.1 0.1 NUM ct-9620 145 44 mg mg NUM ct-9620 145 45 / / SYM ct-9620 145 46 kg kg PROPN ct-9620 145 47 intramuscularly.31 intramuscularly.31 PROPN ct-9620 145 48 neonates neonate NOUN ct-9620 145 49 should should AUX ct-9620 145 50 receive receive VERB ct-9620 145 51 50 50 NUM ct-9620 145 52 ml ml NOUN ct-9620 145 53 / / SYM ct-9620 145 54 kg kg NOUN ct-9620 145 55 of of ADP ct-9620 145 56 colostrum colostrum NOUN ct-9620 145 57 within within ADP ct-9620 145 58 the the DET ct-9620 145 59 first first ADJ ct-9620 145 60 two two NUM ct-9620 145 61 hours hour NOUN ct-9620 145 62 after after ADP ct-9620 145 63 birth birth NOUN ct-9620 145 64 and and CCONJ ct-9620 145 65 a a DET ct-9620 145 66 total total NOUN ct-9620 145 67 of of ADP ct-9620 145 68 200 200 NUM ct-9620 145 69 ml ml NOUN ct-9620 145 70 / / SYM ct-9620 145 71 kg kg PROPN ct-9620 145 72 in in ADP ct-9620 145 73 the the DET ct-9620 145 74 first first ADJ ct-9620 145 75 24 24 NUM ct-9620 145 76 hours.4 hours.4 PROPN ct-9620 145 77 commercial commercial ADJ ct-9620 145 78 small small ADJ ct-9620 145 79 ruminant ruminant NOUN ct-9620 145 80 colostrum colostrum NOUN ct-9620 145 81 replacer replacer NOUN ct-9620 145 82 products product NOUN ct-9620 145 83 are be AUX ct-9620 145 84 preferred prefer VERB ct-9620 145 85 if if SCONJ ct-9620 145 86 available available ADJ ct-9620 145 87 , , PUNCT ct-9620 145 88 but but CCONJ ct-9620 145 89 bovine bovine NOUN ct-9620 145 90 colostrum colostrum NOUN ct-9620 145 91 replacers replacer NOUN ct-9620 145 92 may may AUX ct-9620 145 93 be be AUX ct-9620 145 94 used use VERB ct-9620 145 95 for for ADP ct-9620 145 96 adequate adequate ADJ ct-9620 145 97 igg igg PROPN ct-9620 145 98 transfer.45 transfer.45 PROPN ct-9620 145 99 total total ADJ ct-9620 145 100 protein protein NOUN ct-9620 145 101 levels level NOUN ct-9620 145 102 are be AUX ct-9620 145 103 assessed assess VERB ct-9620 145 104 one one NUM ct-9620 145 105 to to ADP ct-9620 145 106 two two NUM ct-9620 145 107 days day NOUN ct-9620 145 108 after after ADP ct-9620 145 109 birth birth NOUN ct-9620 145 110 for for ADP ct-9620 145 111 diagnosis diagnosis NOUN ct-9620 145 112 in in ADP ct-9620 145 113 transfer transfer NOUN ct-9620 145 114 of of ADP ct-9620 145 115 passive passive ADJ ct-9620 145 116 immunity.46 immunity.46 NOUN ct-9620 145 117 total total ADJ ct-9620 145 118 protein protein NOUN ct-9620 145 119 values value NOUN ct-9620 145 120 of of ADP ct-9620 145 121 5.1 5.1 NUM ct-9620 145 122 to to PART ct-9620 145 123 5.4 5.4 NUM ct-9620 145 124 grams/ grams/ NUM ct-9620 145 125 deciliter deciliter NOUN ct-9620 145 126 or or CCONJ ct-9620 145 127 below below ADV ct-9620 145 128 have have AUX ct-9620 145 129 been be AUX ct-9620 145 130 correlated correlate VERB ct-9620 145 131 to to ADP ct-9620 145 132 failure failure NOUN ct-9620 145 133 in in ADP ct-9620 145 134 the the DET ct-9620 145 135 transfer transfer NOUN ct-9620 145 136 of of ADP ct-9620 145 137 passive passive ADJ ct-9620 145 138 immunity immunity NOUN ct-9620 145 139 in in ADP ct-9620 145 140 kids.46,47 kids.46,47 ADJ ct-9620 145 141 conclusion conclusion NOUN ct-9620 145 142 cesarean cesarean PROPN ct-9620 145 143 section section NOUN ct-9620 145 144 is be AUX ct-9620 145 145 commonly commonly ADV ct-9620 145 146 performed perform VERB ct-9620 145 147 in in ADP ct-9620 145 148 small small ADJ ct-9620 145 149 ruminants ruminant NOUN ct-9620 145 150 and and CCONJ ct-9620 145 151 can can AUX ct-9620 145 152 be be AUX ct-9620 145 153 necessary necessary ADJ ct-9620 145 154 to to PART ct-9620 145 155 ensure ensure VERB ct-9620 145 156 the the DET ct-9620 145 157 viability viability NOUN ct-9620 145 158 of of ADP ct-9620 145 159 both both CCONJ ct-9620 145 160 the the DET ct-9620 145 161 dam dam NOUN ct-9620 145 162 and and CCONJ ct-9620 145 163 neonate(s neonate(s NOUN ct-9620 145 164 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 145 165 . . PUNCT ct-9620 146 1 a a DET ct-9620 146 2 preoperative preoperative ADJ ct-9620 146 3 assessment assessment NOUN ct-9620 146 4 of of ADP ct-9620 146 5 the the DET ct-9620 146 6 dam dam NOUN ct-9620 146 7 is be AUX ct-9620 146 8 always always ADV ct-9620 146 9 necessary necessary ADJ ct-9620 146 10 , , PUNCT ct-9620 146 11 and and CCONJ ct-9620 146 12 the the DET ct-9620 146 13 welfare welfare NOUN ct-9620 146 14 of of ADP ct-9620 146 15 the the DET ct-9620 146 16 ewe ewe PROPN ct-9620 146 17 / / SYM ct-9620 146 18 doe doe NOUN ct-9620 146 19 and and CCONJ ct-9620 146 20 the the DET ct-9620 146 21 lamb(s)/kid(s lamb(s)/kid(s PROPN ct-9620 146 22 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 146 23 must must AUX ct-9620 146 24 guide guide VERB ct-9620 146 25 the the DET ct-9620 146 26 choice choice NOUN ct-9620 146 27 of of ADP ct-9620 146 28 technique technique NOUN ct-9620 146 29 and and CCONJ ct-9620 146 30 post post ADJ ct-9620 146 31 - - ADJ ct-9620 146 32 operative operative ADJ ct-9620 146 33 management management NOUN ct-9620 146 34 . . PUNCT ct-9620 147 1 mastery mastery NOUN ct-9620 147 2 of of ADP ct-9620 147 3 this this DET ct-9620 147 4 procedure procedure NOUN ct-9620 147 5 is be AUX ct-9620 147 6 important important ADJ ct-9620 147 7 for for ADP ct-9620 147 8 any any DET ct-9620 147 9 veterinarian veterinarian NOUN ct-9620 147 10 that that PRON ct-9620 147 11 treats treat VERB ct-9620 147 12 small small ADJ ct-9620 147 13 ruminants ruminant NOUN ct-9620 147 14 . . PUNCT ct-9620 148 1 acknowledgements acknowledgement NOUN ct-9620 148 2 the the DET ct-9620 148 3 authors author NOUN ct-9620 148 4 would would AUX ct-9620 148 5 like like VERB ct-9620 148 6 to to PART ct-9620 148 7 thank thank VERB ct-9620 148 8 jennie jennie PROPN ct-9620 148 9 c. c. PROPN ct-9620 148 10 hill hill PROPN ct-9620 148 11 for for ADP ct-9620 148 12 her her PRON ct-9620 148 13 creation creation NOUN ct-9620 148 14 of of ADP ct-9620 148 15 the the DET ct-9620 148 16 drawings drawing NOUN ct-9620 148 17 used use VERB ct-9620 148 18 in in ADP ct-9620 148 19 the the DET ct-9620 148 20 publication publication NOUN ct-9620 148 21 . . PUNCT ct-9620 149 1 figure figure NOUN ct-9620 149 2 22 22 NUM ct-9620 149 3 . . PUNCT ct-9620 150 1 second second ADJ ct-9620 150 2 layer layer NOUN ct-9620 150 3 uterine uterine NOUN ct-9620 150 4 closure closure NOUN ct-9620 150 5 utilizing utilize VERB ct-9620 150 6 a a DET ct-9620 150 7 modified modify VERB ct-9620 150 8 cushing cushing NOUN ct-9620 150 9 pattern pattern NOUN ct-9620 150 10 . . PUNCT ct-9620 151 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9620 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9620 PROPN ct-9620 151 2 80 80 NUM ct-9620 151 3 citation citation NOUN ct-9620 151 4 line line NOUN ct-9620 151 5 : : PUNCT ct-9620 151 6 clinical clinical ADJ ct-9620 151 7 theriogenology theriogenology NOUN ct-9620 151 8 2023 2023 NUM ct-9620 151 9 , , PUNCT ct-9620 151 10 15 15 NUM ct-9620 151 11 , , PUNCT ct-9620 151 12 9620 9620 NUM ct-9620 151 13 , , PUNCT ct-9620 151 14 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9620 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9620 PROPN ct-9620 151 15 references reference NOUN ct-9620 151 16 1 1 NUM ct-9620 151 17 . . PUNCT ct-9620 152 1 bliss bliss PROPN ct-9620 152 2 e e NOUN ct-9620 152 3 : : PUNCT ct-9620 152 4 obstetrics obstetric NOUN ct-9620 152 5 and and CCONJ ct-9620 152 6 neonatal neonatal ADJ ct-9620 152 7 care care NOUN ct-9620 152 8 in in ADP ct-9620 152 9 goats goat NOUN ct-9620 152 10 . . PUNCT ct-9620 153 1 in in ADP ct-9620 153 2 : : PUNCT ct-9620 153 3 proc proc NOUN ct-9620 153 4 annu annu NOUN ct-9620 153 5 meet meet VERB ct-9620 153 6 soc soc NOUN ct-9620 153 7 theriogenol theriogenol NOUN ct-9620 153 8 1988 1988 NUM ct-9620 153 9 : : PUNCT ct-9620 154 1 283–284 283–284 NUM ct-9620 154 2 . . PUNCT ct-9620 155 1 2 2 X ct-9620 155 2 . . X ct-9620 155 3 smith smith PROPN ct-9620 155 4 m m PROPN ct-9620 155 5 , , PUNCT ct-9620 155 6 sherman sherman PROPN ct-9620 155 7 d d PROPN ct-9620 155 8 : : PUNCT ct-9620 155 9 reproductive reproductive ADJ ct-9620 155 10 system system NOUN ct-9620 155 11 . . PUNCT ct-9620 156 1 in in ADP ct-9620 156 2 : : PUNCT ct-9620 156 3 smith smith PROPN ct-9620 156 4 m m PROPN ct-9620 156 5 , , PUNCT ct-9620 156 6 sherman sherman PROPN ct-9620 156 7 d d NOUN ct-9620 156 8 : : PUNCT ct-9620 156 9 editors editor NOUN ct-9620 156 10 . . PUNCT ct-9620 157 1 goat goat PROPN ct-9620 157 2 medicine medicine PROPN ct-9620 157 3 . . PUNCT ct-9620 158 1 2nd 2nd PROPN ct-9620 158 2 edition edition PROPN ct-9620 158 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 158 4 ames ame NOUN ct-9620 158 5 ; ; PUNCT ct-9620 158 6 wiley wiley NOUN ct-9620 158 7 - - PUNCT ct-9620 158 8 blackwell blackwell PROPN ct-9620 158 9 : : PUNCT ct-9620 158 10 2009:571–645 2009:571–645 NUM ct-9620 158 11 . . NOUN ct-9620 159 1 3 3 X ct-9620 159 2 . . X ct-9620 159 3 engum engum PROPN ct-9620 159 4 j j PROPN ct-9620 159 5 , , PUNCT ct-9620 159 6 lyngset lyngset VERB ct-9620 159 7 o o NOUN ct-9620 159 8 : : PUNCT ct-9620 159 9 gynecology gynecology NOUN ct-9620 159 10 and and CCONJ ct-9620 159 11 obstetrics obstetric NOUN ct-9620 159 12 in in ADP ct-9620 159 13 the the DET ct-9620 159 14 goat goat PROPN ct-9620 159 15 . . PUNCT ct-9620 160 1 iowa iowa PROPN ct-9620 160 2 state state PROPN ct-9620 160 3 univ univ PROPN ct-9620 160 4 vet vet NOUN ct-9620 160 5 1969;32:120–124 1969;32:120–124 PROPN ct-9620 160 6 . . PUNCT ct-9620 161 1 4 4 X ct-9620 161 2 . . X ct-9620 161 3 edmondson edmondson PROPN ct-9620 161 4 ma ma PROPN ct-9620 161 5 , , PUNCT ct-9620 161 6 shipley shipley PROPN ct-9620 161 7 cf cf PROPN ct-9620 161 8 : : PUNCT ct-9620 161 9 theriogenology theriogenology NOUN ct-9620 161 10 of of ADP ct-9620 161 11 sheep sheep NOUN ct-9620 161 12 , , PUNCT ct-9620 161 13 goats goat NOUN ct-9620 161 14 , , PUNCT ct-9620 161 15 and and CCONJ ct-9620 161 16 cervids cervid NOUN ct-9620 161 17 . . PUNCT ct-9620 162 1 in in ADP ct-9620 162 2 : : PUNCT ct-9620 162 3 pugh pugh PROPN ct-9620 162 4 d d PROPN ct-9620 162 5 , , PUNCT ct-9620 162 6 baird baird PROPN ct-9620 162 7 a a PRON ct-9620 162 8 , , PUNCT ct-9620 162 9 edmondson edmondson PROPN ct-9620 162 10 m m PROPN ct-9620 162 11 , , PUNCT ct-9620 162 12 et et PROPN ct-9620 162 13 al al PROPN ct-9620 162 14 : : PUNCT ct-9620 162 15 editors editor NOUN ct-9620 162 16 . . PUNCT ct-9620 163 1 sheep sheep NOUN ct-9620 163 2 , , PUNCT ct-9620 163 3 goat goat NOUN ct-9620 163 4 , , PUNCT ct-9620 163 5 and and CCONJ ct-9620 163 6 cervid cervid PROPN ct-9620 163 7 medicine medicine NOUN ct-9620 163 8 . . PUNCT ct-9620 164 1 3rd 3rd ADJ ct-9620 164 2 edition edition NOUN ct-9620 164 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 164 4 oxford oxford PROPN ct-9620 164 5 ; ; PUNCT ct-9620 164 6 elsevier elsevier NOUN ct-9620 164 7 : : PUNCT ct-9620 164 8 2021 2021 NUM ct-9620 164 9 : : PUNCT ct-9620 164 10 141–208 141–208 NUM ct-9620 164 11 . . PUNCT ct-9620 165 1 5 5 X ct-9620 165 2 . . X ct-9620 165 3 wittek wittek PROPN ct-9620 165 4 t t PROPN ct-9620 165 5 , , PUNCT ct-9620 165 6 elze elze PROPN ct-9620 166 1 k k NOUN ct-9620 166 2 : : PUNCT ct-9620 166 3 a a DET ct-9620 166 4 contribution contribution NOUN ct-9620 166 5 to to ADP ct-9620 166 6 the the DET ct-9620 166 7 clinical clinical ADJ ct-9620 166 8 puerperium puerperium NOUN ct-9620 166 9 and and CCONJ ct-9620 166 10 different different ADJ ct-9620 166 11 parameters parameter NOUN ct-9620 166 12 of of ADP ct-9620 166 13 blood blood NOUN ct-9620 166 14 serum serum NOUN ct-9620 166 15 in in ADP ct-9620 166 16 dairy dairy NOUN ct-9620 166 17 goats goat NOUN ct-9620 166 18 during during ADP ct-9620 166 19 early early ADJ ct-9620 166 20 puerperium puerperium NOUN ct-9620 166 21 . . PUNCT ct-9620 167 1 tierarztliche tierarztliche PROPN ct-9620 167 2 umschau umschau ADV ct-9620 167 3 2001;56:369–375 2001;56:369–375 PROPN ct-9620 167 4 . . PUNCT ct-9620 168 1 6 6 NUM ct-9620 168 2 . . X ct-9620 169 1 smith smith PROPN ct-9620 169 2 m m PROPN ct-9620 169 3 : : PUNCT ct-9620 169 4 caprine caprine NOUN ct-9620 169 5 reproduction reproduction NOUN ct-9620 169 6 in in ADP ct-9620 169 7 : : PUNCT ct-9620 169 8 morrow morrow NOUN ct-9620 169 9 da da PROPN ct-9620 169 10 : : PUNCT ct-9620 169 11 editor editor NOUN ct-9620 169 12 . . PUNCT ct-9620 170 1 current current ADJ ct-9620 170 2 therapy therapy NOUN ct-9620 170 3 in in ADP ct-9620 170 4 theriogenology theriogenology NOUN ct-9620 170 5 : : PUNCT ct-9620 170 6 diagnosis diagnosis NOUN ct-9620 170 7 , , PUNCT ct-9620 170 8 treatment treatment NOUN ct-9620 170 9 , , PUNCT ct-9620 170 10 and and CCONJ ct-9620 170 11 prevention prevention NOUN ct-9620 170 12 of of ADP ct-9620 170 13 reproductive reproductive ADJ ct-9620 170 14 diseases disease NOUN ct-9620 170 15 in in ADP ct-9620 170 16 animals animal NOUN ct-9620 170 17 . . PUNCT ct-9620 171 1 1st 1st PROPN ct-9620 171 2 edition edition PROPN ct-9620 171 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 171 4 philadelphia philadelphia PROPN ct-9620 171 5 , , PUNCT ct-9620 171 6 pa pa PROPN ct-9620 171 7 ; ; PUNCT ct-9620 171 8 wb wb PROPN ct-9620 171 9 saunders saunders PROPN ct-9620 171 10 company company NOUN ct-9620 171 11 : : PUNCT ct-9620 171 12 1980 1980 NUM ct-9620 171 13 : : PUNCT ct-9620 171 14 971–1004 971–1004 NUM ct-9620 171 15 . . NOUN ct-9620 172 1 7 7 X ct-9620 172 2 . . X ct-9620 172 3 venes vene NOUN ct-9620 173 1 d d NOUN ct-9620 173 2 : : PUNCT ct-9620 173 3 taber taber PROPN ct-9620 173 4 ’s ’s PART ct-9620 173 5 cyclopedic cyclopedic ADJ ct-9620 173 6 medical medical PROPN ct-9620 173 7 dictionary dictionary PROPN ct-9620 173 8 . . PUNCT ct-9620 174 1 pennsylvania pennsylvania PROPN ct-9620 174 2 , , PUNCT ct-9620 174 3 pa pa PROPN ct-9620 174 4 ; ; PUNCT ct-9620 174 5 f. f. PROPN ct-9620 174 6 a. a. PROPN ct-9620 174 7 davis davis PROPN ct-9620 174 8 company company PROPN ct-9620 174 9 : : PUNCT ct-9620 174 10 2013 2013 NUM ct-9620 174 11 . . PUNCT ct-9620 175 1 8 8 NUM ct-9620 175 2 . . PUNCT ct-9620 176 1 yankovich yankovich PROPN ct-9620 176 2 l l NOUN ct-9620 176 3 : : PUNCT ct-9620 176 4 you you PRON ct-9620 176 5 ’re ’re AUX ct-9620 176 6 not not PART ct-9620 176 7 kidding kid VERB ct-9620 176 8 ! ! PUNCT ct-9620 177 1 dairy dairy NOUN ct-9620 177 2 goat goat PROPN ct-9620 177 3 j j PROPN ct-9620 177 4 1990;67:798–799 1990;67:798–799 PROPN ct-9620 177 5 . . PUNCT ct-9620 178 1 doi doi NOUN ct-9620 178 2 : : PUNCT ct-9620 178 3 10.1111 10.1111 NUM ct-9620 178 4 / / SYM ct-9620 178 5 j.1751 j.1751 NOUN ct-9620 178 6 - - PUNCT ct-9620 178 7 0813.1990.tb07404.x 0813.1990.tb07404.x INTJ ct-9620 178 8 9 9 NUM ct-9620 178 9 . . PUNCT ct-9620 179 1 voigt voigt PROPN ct-9620 179 2 k k PROPN ct-9620 179 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 179 4 najm najm ADJ ct-9620 179 5 na na ADP ct-9620 179 6 , , PUNCT ct-9620 179 7 zablotski zablotski PROPN ct-9620 179 8 y y PROPN ct-9620 179 9 , , PUNCT ct-9620 179 10 et et PROPN ct-9620 179 11 al al PROPN ct-9620 179 12 : : PUNCT ct-9620 179 13 factors factor NOUN ct-9620 179 14 associated associate VERB ct-9620 179 15 with with ADP ct-9620 179 16 ewe ewe PROPN ct-9620 179 17 and and CCONJ ct-9620 179 18 lamb lamb PROPN ct-9620 179 19 survival survival NOUN ct-9620 179 20 , , PUNCT ct-9620 179 21 and and CCONJ ct-9620 179 22 subsequent subsequent ADJ ct-9620 179 23 reproductive reproductive ADJ ct-9620 179 24 performance performance NOUN ct-9620 179 25 of of ADP ct-9620 179 26 sheep sheep NOUN ct-9620 179 27 undergoing undergo VERB ct-9620 179 28 emergency emergency NOUN ct-9620 179 29 caesarean caesarean ADJ ct-9620 179 30 section section NOUN ct-9620 179 31 . . PUNCT ct-9620 180 1 reprod reprod PROPN ct-9620 180 2 domest domest PROPN ct-9620 180 3 anim anim PROPN ct-9620 180 4 2021;56:120–129 2021;56:120–129 PROPN ct-9620 180 5 . . PUNCT ct-9620 181 1 doi doi NOUN ct-9620 181 2 : : PUNCT ct-9620 181 3 10.1111 10.1111 NUM ct-9620 181 4 / / SYM ct-9620 181 5 rda.13855 rda.13855 NUM ct-9620 181 6 10 10 NUM ct-9620 181 7 . . PUNCT ct-9620 182 1 scott scott PROPN ct-9620 182 2 pr pr PROPN ct-9620 182 3 : : PUNCT ct-9620 182 4 ovine ovine ADJ ct-9620 182 5 caesarean caesarean ADJ ct-9620 182 6 operations operation NOUN ct-9620 182 7 : : PUNCT ct-9620 182 8 a a DET ct-9620 182 9 study study NOUN ct-9620 182 10 of of ADP ct-9620 182 11 137 137 NUM ct-9620 182 12 field field NOUN ct-9620 182 13 cases case NOUN ct-9620 182 14 . . PUNCT ct-9620 183 1 br br PROPN ct-9620 183 2 vet vet PROPN ct-9620 183 3 j j PROPN ct-9620 183 4 1989;145:558–564 1989;145:558–564 NUM ct-9620 183 5 . . PUNCT ct-9620 184 1 doi doi NOUN ct-9620 184 2 : : PUNCT ct-9620 184 3 10.1016/0007 10.1016/0007 NUM ct-9620 184 4 - - PUNCT ct-9620 184 5 1935(89)90118 1935(89)90118 NUM ct-9620 184 6 - - PUNCT ct-9620 184 7 8 8 NUM ct-9620 184 8 11 11 NUM ct-9620 184 9 . . PUNCT ct-9620 185 1 ali ali PROPN ct-9620 185 2 amh amh PROPN ct-9620 185 3 : : PUNCT ct-9620 185 4 causes cause NOUN ct-9620 185 5 and and CCONJ ct-9620 185 6 management management NOUN ct-9620 185 7 of of ADP ct-9620 185 8 dystocia dystocia NOUN ct-9620 185 9 in in ADP ct-9620 185 10 small small ADJ ct-9620 185 11 ruminants ruminant NOUN ct-9620 185 12 in in ADP ct-9620 185 13 saudi saudi PROPN ct-9620 185 14 arabia arabia PROPN ct-9620 185 15 . . PUNCT ct-9620 186 1 j j PROPN ct-9620 186 2 agri agri NOUN ct-9620 186 3 vet vet NOUN ct-9620 186 4 sci sci PROPN ct-9620 186 5 2011;4:95–108 2011;4:95–108 NUM ct-9620 186 6 . . PUNCT ct-9620 187 1 12 12 NUM ct-9620 187 2 . . PUNCT ct-9620 188 1 ennen ennen PROPN ct-9620 188 2 s s PROPN ct-9620 188 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 188 4 scholz scholz PROPN ct-9620 188 5 m m PROPN ct-9620 188 6 , , PUNCT ct-9620 188 7 voigt voigt PROPN ct-9620 188 8 k k PROPN ct-9620 188 9 , , PUNCT ct-9620 188 10 et et PROPN ct-9620 188 11 al al PROPN ct-9620 188 12 : : PUNCT ct-9620 188 13 puerperal puerperal ADJ ct-9620 188 14 development development NOUN ct-9620 188 15 of of ADP ct-9620 188 16 ewes ewe NOUN ct-9620 188 17 following follow VERB ct-9620 188 18 dystocia dystocia NOUN ct-9620 188 19 : : PUNCT ct-9620 188 20 a a DET ct-9620 188 21 retrospective retrospective ADJ ct-9620 188 22 analysis analysis NOUN ct-9620 188 23 of of ADP ct-9620 188 24 two two NUM ct-9620 188 25 approaches approach NOUN ct-9620 188 26 to to ADP ct-9620 188 27 caesarean caesarean ADJ ct-9620 188 28 section section NOUN ct-9620 188 29 . . PUNCT ct-9620 189 1 vet vet NOUN ct-9620 189 2 rec rec NOUN ct-9620 189 3 2013;172:554 2013;172:554 NUM ct-9620 189 4 . . PUNCT ct-9620 190 1 doi doi NOUN ct-9620 190 2 : : PUNCT ct-9620 190 3 10.1136 10.1136 NUM ct-9620 190 4 / / SYM ct-9620 190 5 vr.101370 vr.101370 PROPN ct-9620 190 6 13 13 NUM ct-9620 190 7 . . PUNCT ct-9620 191 1 brounts brount VERB ct-9620 191 2 sh sh PROPN ct-9620 191 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 191 4 hawkins hawkins PROPN ct-9620 191 5 jf jf PROPN ct-9620 191 6 , , PUNCT ct-9620 191 7 baird baird PROPN ct-9620 191 8 a a PROPN ct-9620 191 9 , , PUNCT ct-9620 191 10 et et PROPN ct-9620 191 11 al al PROPN ct-9620 191 12 : : PUNCT ct-9620 191 13 outcome outcome NOUN ct-9620 191 14 and and CCONJ ct-9620 191 15 subsequent subsequent ADJ ct-9620 191 16 fertility fertility NOUN ct-9620 191 17 of of ADP ct-9620 191 18 sheep sheep NOUN ct-9620 191 19 and and CCONJ ct-9620 191 20 goats goat NOUN ct-9620 191 21 undergoing undergo VERB ct-9620 191 22 cesarean cesarean ADJ ct-9620 191 23 section section NOUN ct-9620 191 24 because because SCONJ ct-9620 191 25 of of ADP ct-9620 191 26 dystocia dystocia NOUN ct-9620 191 27 : : PUNCT ct-9620 191 28 110 110 NUM ct-9620 191 29 cases case NOUN ct-9620 191 30 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 191 31 1981–2001 1981–2001 NUM ct-9620 191 32 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 191 33 . . PUNCT ct-9620 192 1 j j PROPN ct-9620 192 2 am be AUX ct-9620 192 3 vet vet NOUN ct-9620 192 4 med med ADJ ct-9620 192 5 assoc assoc PROPN ct-9620 192 6 2004;224:275–281 2004;224:275–281 NUM ct-9620 192 7 . . PUNCT ct-9620 193 1 doi doi NOUN ct-9620 193 2 : : PUNCT ct-9620 193 3 10.2460 10.2460 NUM ct-9620 193 4 / / SYM ct-9620 193 5 javma.2004.224.275 javma.2004.224.275 PROPN ct-9620 193 6 14 14 NUM ct-9620 193 7 . . PUNCT ct-9620 194 1 majeed majeed PROPN ct-9620 194 2 a a PRON ct-9620 194 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 194 4 taha taha PROPN ct-9620 194 5 m m PROPN ct-9620 194 6 , , PUNCT ct-9620 194 7 azawi azawi ADJ ct-9620 194 8 o o NOUN ct-9620 194 9 : : PUNCT ct-9620 194 10 caprine caprine ADJ ct-9620 194 11 caesarean caesarean ADJ ct-9620 194 12 section section NOUN ct-9620 194 13 . . PUNCT ct-9620 195 1 small small ADJ ct-9620 195 2 rumin rumin PROPN ct-9620 195 3 res re NOUN ct-9620 195 4 1992;9:93–97 1992;9:93–97 NUM ct-9620 195 5 . . PUNCT ct-9620 196 1 doi doi NOUN ct-9620 196 2 : : PUNCT ct-9620 196 3 10.1016/0921 10.1016/0921 NUM ct-9620 196 4 - - SYM ct-9620 196 5 4488(92)90059 4488(92)90059 NUM ct-9620 196 6 - - PUNCT ct-9620 196 7 d d NOUN ct-9620 196 8 15 15 NUM ct-9620 196 9 . . PUNCT ct-9620 197 1 barbagianni barbagianni PROPN ct-9620 197 2 m m PROPN ct-9620 197 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 197 4 spanos spanos PROPN ct-9620 197 5 s s PROPN ct-9620 197 6 , , PUNCT ct-9620 197 7 ioannidi ioannidi PROPN ct-9620 197 8 k k PROPN ct-9620 197 9 , , PUNCT ct-9620 197 10 et et PROPN ct-9620 197 11 al al PROPN ct-9620 197 12 : : PUNCT ct-9620 197 13 increased increase VERB ct-9620 197 14 incidence incidence NOUN ct-9620 197 15 of of ADP ct-9620 197 16     SPACE ct-9620 197 17 peri peri NOUN ct-9620 197 18 - - PUNCT ct-9620 197 19 parturient parturient NOUN ct-9620 197 20 problems problem NOUN ct-9620 197 21 in in ADP ct-9620 197 22 ewes ewe NOUN ct-9620 197 23 with with ADP ct-9620 197 24 pregnancy pregnancy NOUN ct-9620 197 25 toxaemia toxaemia NOUN ct-9620 197 26 . . PUNCT ct-9620 198 1 small small ADJ ct-9620 198 2 rumin rumin NOUN ct-9620 198 3 res re NOUN ct-9620 198 4 2015;132:111–114 2015;132:111–114 NUM ct-9620 198 5 . . PUNCT ct-9620 199 1 doi doi NOUN ct-9620 199 2 : : PUNCT ct-9620 199 3 10.1016 10.1016 NUM ct-9620 199 4 / / SYM ct-9620 199 5 j.smallrumres j.smallrumre NOUN ct-9620 199 6 . . PUNCT ct-9620 200 1 2015.10.017 2015.10.017 NUM ct-9620 200 2 16 16 NUM ct-9620 200 3 . . PUNCT ct-9620 201 1 thorne thorne PROPN ct-9620 201 2 m m PROPN ct-9620 201 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 201 4 jackson jackson PROPN ct-9620 201 5 p p PROPN ct-9620 201 6 : : PUNCT ct-9620 201 7 caesarean caesarean ADJ ct-9620 201 8 section section NOUN ct-9620 201 9 in in ADP ct-9620 201 10 the the DET ct-9620 201 11 ewe ewe PROPN ct-9620 201 12 . . PUNCT ct-9620 202 1 in in ADP ct-9620 202 2 pract pract PROPN ct-9620 202 3 2000;22:546–553 2000;22:546–553 PROPN ct-9620 202 4 . . PUNCT ct-9620 202 5 doi doi NOUN ct-9620 202 6 : : PUNCT ct-9620 202 7 10.1136 10.1136 NUM ct-9620 202 8 / / SYM ct-9620 202 9 inpract.22.9.546 inpract.22.9.546 NUM ct-9620 202 10 17 17 NUM ct-9620 202 11 . . PUNCT ct-9620 203 1 caulkett caulkett PROPN ct-9620 203 2 n n CCONJ ct-9620 203 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 203 4 cribb cribb PROPN ct-9620 203 5 ph ph PROPN ct-9620 203 6 , , PUNCT ct-9620 203 7 duke duke PROPN ct-9620 203 8 t t PROPN ct-9620 203 9 : : PUNCT ct-9620 203 10 xylazine xylazine PROPN ct-9620 203 11 epidural epidural PROPN ct-9620 203 12 analgesia analgesia PROPN ct-9620 203 13 for for ADP ct-9620 203 14 cesarian cesarian ADJ ct-9620 203 15 section section NOUN ct-9620 203 16 in in ADP ct-9620 203 17 cattle cattle NOUN ct-9620 203 18 . . PUNCT ct-9620 204 1 can can AUX ct-9620 204 2 vet vet VERB ct-9620 204 3 j j PROPN ct-9620 204 4 1993;34:674–676 1993;34:674–676 NUM ct-9620 204 5 . . PUNCT ct-9620 205 1 18 18 NUM ct-9620 205 2 . . PUNCT ct-9620 205 3 navarre navarre PROPN ct-9620 205 4 cb cb PROPN ct-9620 205 5 : : PUNCT ct-9620 205 6 numbing numb VERB ct-9620 205 7 - - PUNCT ct-9620 205 8 nose nose NOUN ct-9620 205 9 to to ADP ct-9620 205 10 tail tail NOUN ct-9620 205 11 . . PUNCT ct-9620 206 1 in in ADP ct-9620 206 2 : : PUNCT ct-9620 206 3 proc proc NOUN ct-9620 206 4 am be AUX ct-9620 206 5 assoc assoc PROPN ct-9620 206 6 bovine bovine PROPN ct-9620 206 7 pract pract PROPN ct-9620 206 8 2006 2006 NUM ct-9620 206 9 : : PUNCT ct-9620 206 10 53–55 53–55 NUM ct-9620 206 11 . . PUNCT ct-9620 206 12 doi doi NOUN ct-9620 206 13 : : PUNCT ct-9620 206 14 10.21423 10.21423 NUM ct-9620 206 15 / / SYM ct-9620 206 16 aabppro20064668 aabppro20064668 PROPN ct-9620 206 17 19 19 NUM ct-9620 206 18 . . PUNCT ct-9620 207 1 rush rush PROPN ct-9620 207 2 j j PROPN ct-9620 207 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 207 4 stockler stockler PROPN ct-9620 207 5 j j NOUN ct-9620 207 6 : : PUNCT ct-9620 207 7 local local ADJ ct-9620 207 8 and and CCONJ ct-9620 207 9 regional regional ADJ ct-9620 207 10 anesthesia anesthesia NOUN ct-9620 207 11 in in ADP ct-9620 207 12 food food NOUN ct-9620 207 13 animals animal NOUN ct-9620 207 14 . . PUNCT ct-9620 208 1 in in ADP ct-9620 208 2 : : PUNCT ct-9620 208 3 lin lin PROPN ct-9620 208 4 h h PROPN ct-9620 208 5 , , PUNCT ct-9620 208 6 passler passler NOUN ct-9620 208 7 t t PROPN ct-9620 208 8 , , PUNCT ct-9620 208 9 clark clark NOUN ct-9620 208 10 - - PUNCT ct-9620 208 11 price price NOUN ct-9620 208 12 s s NOUN ct-9620 208 13 : : PUNCT ct-9620 208 14 editors editor NOUN ct-9620 208 15 . . PUNCT ct-9620 209 1 farm farm NOUN ct-9620 209 2 animal animal NOUN ct-9620 209 3 anesthesia anesthesia PROPN ct-9620 209 4 . . PUNCT ct-9620 210 1 2nd 2nd PROPN ct-9620 210 2 edition edition PROPN ct-9620 210 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 210 4 hoboken hoboken PROPN ct-9620 210 5 ; ; PUNCT ct-9620 210 6 wiley wiley NOUN ct-9620 210 7 - - PUNCT ct-9620 210 8 blackwell blackwell PROPN ct-9620 210 9 : : PUNCT ct-9620 210 10 2022 2022 NUM ct-9620 210 11 : : PUNCT ct-9620 210 12 159–188 159–188 NUM ct-9620 210 13 . . NOUN ct-9620 210 14 20 20 NUM ct-9620 210 15 . . PUNCT ct-9620 211 1 bhattacharyya bhattacharyya PROPN ct-9620 211 2 hk hk PROPN ct-9620 211 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 211 4 bhat bhat PROPN ct-9620 211 5 fa fa PROPN ct-9620 211 6 , , PUNCT ct-9620 211 7 buchoo buchoo PROPN ct-9620 211 8 ba ba NOUN ct-9620 211 9 : : PUNCT ct-9620 211 10 prevalence prevalence NOUN ct-9620 211 11 of of ADP ct-9620 211 12 dystocia dystocia NOUN ct-9620 211 13 in in ADP ct-9620 211 14 sheep sheep NOUN ct-9620 211 15 and and CCONJ ct-9620 211 16 goats goat NOUN ct-9620 211 17 : : PUNCT ct-9620 211 18 a a DET ct-9620 211 19 study study NOUN ct-9620 211 20 of of ADP ct-9620 211 21 70 70 NUM ct-9620 211 22 cases case NOUN ct-9620 211 23 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 211 24 2004–2011 2004–2011 NUM ct-9620 211 25 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 211 26 . . PUNCT ct-9620 212 1 j j PROPN ct-9620 212 2 adv adv PROPN ct-9620 212 3 vet vet NOUN ct-9620 212 4 res re NOUN ct-9620 212 5 2015;5:14–20 2015;5:14–20 NUM ct-9620 212 6 . . PUNCT ct-9620 213 1 21 21 NUM ct-9620 213 2 . . PUNCT ct-9620 214 1 sharma sharma PROPN ct-9620 214 2 a a PROPN ct-9620 214 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 214 4 kumar kumar PROPN ct-9620 214 5 p p PROPN ct-9620 214 6 , , PUNCT ct-9620 214 7 singh singh PROPN ct-9620 214 8 m m PROPN ct-9620 214 9 , , PUNCT ct-9620 214 10 et et PROPN ct-9620 214 11 al al PROPN ct-9620 214 12 : : PUNCT ct-9620 214 13 retrospective retrospective ADJ ct-9620 214 14 analysis analysis NOUN ct-9620 214 15 of of ADP ct-9620 214 16 dystocia dystocia NOUN ct-9620 214 17 in in ADP ct-9620 214 18 small small ADJ ct-9620 214 19 ruminants ruminant NOUN ct-9620 214 20 . . PUNCT ct-9620 215 1 intas intas ADJ ct-9620 215 2 polivet polivet PROPN ct-9620 215 3 2014;15:287–289 2014;15:287–289 NUM ct-9620 215 4 . . PUNCT ct-9620 216 1 22 22 NUM ct-9620 216 2 . . PUNCT ct-9620 217 1 winter winter NOUN ct-9620 217 2 a a PRON ct-9620 217 3 : : PUNCT ct-9620 217 4 dealing deal VERB ct-9620 217 5 with with ADP ct-9620 217 6 dystocia dystocia NOUN ct-9620 217 7 in in ADP ct-9620 217 8 the the DET ct-9620 217 9 ewe ewe PROPN ct-9620 217 10 . . PUNCT ct-9620 218 1 in in ADP ct-9620 218 2 pract pract PROPN ct-9620 218 3 1999;21:2–9 1999;21:2–9 NUM ct-9620 218 4 . . PUNCT ct-9620 218 5 doi doi NOUN ct-9620 218 6 : : PUNCT ct-9620 218 7 10.1136 10.1136 NUM ct-9620 218 8 / / SYM ct-9620 218 9 inpract.21.1.2 inpract.21.1.2 NUM ct-9620 218 10 23 23 NUM ct-9620 218 11 . . PUNCT ct-9620 219 1 newcomer newcomer NOUN ct-9620 219 2 b b PROPN ct-9620 219 3 : : PUNCT ct-9620 219 4 anesthetic anesthetic ADJ ct-9620 219 5 management management NOUN ct-9620 219 6 of of ADP ct-9620 219 7 specific specific ADJ ct-9620 219 8 procedures procedure NOUN ct-9620 219 9 . . PUNCT ct-9620 220 1 in in ADP ct-9620 220 2 : : PUNCT ct-9620 220 3 lin lin PROPN ct-9620 220 4 h h PROPN ct-9620 220 5 , , PUNCT ct-9620 220 6 passler passler NOUN ct-9620 220 7 t t PROPN ct-9620 220 8 , , PUNCT ct-9620 220 9 clark clark NOUN ct-9620 220 10 - - PUNCT ct-9620 220 11 price price NOUN ct-9620 220 12 s s NOUN ct-9620 220 13 : : PUNCT ct-9620 220 14 editors editor NOUN ct-9620 220 15 . . PUNCT ct-9620 221 1 farm farm NOUN ct-9620 221 2 animal animal NOUN ct-9620 221 3 anesthesia anesthesia PROPN ct-9620 221 4 . . PUNCT ct-9620 222 1 2nd 2nd PROPN ct-9620 222 2 edition edition PROPN ct-9620 222 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 222 4 hoboken hoboken PROPN ct-9620 222 5 ; ; PUNCT ct-9620 222 6 wiley wiley NOUN ct-9620 222 7 - - PUNCT ct-9620 222 8 blackwell blackwell PROPN ct-9620 222 9 : : PUNCT ct-9620 222 10 2022 2022 NUM ct-9620 222 11 : : PUNCT ct-9620 222 12 189–206 189–206 NUM ct-9620 222 13 . . PUNCT ct-9620 223 1 24 24 NUM ct-9620 223 2 . . PUNCT ct-9620 223 3 tibary tibary PROPN ct-9620 223 4 a a PRON ct-9620 223 5 , , PUNCT ct-9620 223 6 pearson pearson PROPN ct-9620 223 7 lk lk PROPN ct-9620 223 8 , , PUNCT ct-9620 223 9 van van PROPN ct-9620 223 10 metre metre PROPN ct-9620 223 11 dc dc PROPN ct-9620 223 12 , , PUNCT ct-9620 223 13 et et PROPN ct-9620 223 14 al al PROPN ct-9620 223 15 : : PUNCT ct-9620 223 16 surgery surgery NOUN ct-9620 223 17 of of ADP ct-9620 223 18 the the DET ct-9620 223 19 sheep sheep NOUN ct-9620 223 20 and and CCONJ ct-9620 223 21 goat goat PROPN ct-9620 223 22 reproductive reproductive ADJ ct-9620 223 23 system system NOUN ct-9620 223 24 and and CCONJ ct-9620 223 25 urinary urinary ADJ ct-9620 223 26 tract tract NOUN ct-9620 223 27 . . PUNCT ct-9620 224 1 in in ADP ct-9620 224 2 : : PUNCT ct-9620 224 3 fubini fubini PROPN ct-9620 224 4 sl sl PROPN ct-9620 224 5 , , PUNCT ct-9620 224 6 ducharme ducharme NOUN ct-9620 224 7 ng ng PROPN ct-9620 224 8 : : PUNCT ct-9620 224 9 editors editor NOUN ct-9620 224 10 . . PUNCT ct-9620 225 1 farm farm NOUN ct-9620 225 2 animal animal NOUN ct-9620 225 3 surgery surgery NOUN ct-9620 225 4 . . PUNCT ct-9620 226 1 2nd 2nd PROPN ct-9620 226 2 edition edition PROPN ct-9620 226 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 226 4 st st PROPN ct-9620 226 5 . . PROPN ct-9620 226 6 louis louis PROPN ct-9620 226 7 , , PUNCT ct-9620 226 8 mo mo PROPN ct-9620 226 9 ; ; PUNCT ct-9620 226 10 elsevier elsevier NOUN ct-9620 226 11 : : PUNCT ct-9620 227 1 2017:571–595 2017:571–595 X ct-9620 227 2 . . PUNCT ct-9620 227 3 25 25 NUM ct-9620 227 4 . . PUNCT ct-9620 228 1 valverde valverde PROPN ct-9620 228 2 a a PROPN ct-9620 228 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 228 4 sinclair sinclair PROPN ct-9620 228 5 m m PROPN ct-9620 228 6 : : PUNCT ct-9620 228 7 ruminant ruminant NOUN ct-9620 228 8 and and CCONJ ct-9620 228 9 swine swine ADJ ct-9620 228 10 local local ADJ ct-9620 228 11 anesthetic anesthetic NOUN ct-9620 228 12 and and CCONJ ct-9620 228 13 analgesic analgesic ADJ ct-9620 228 14 techniques technique NOUN ct-9620 228 15 . . PUNCT ct-9620 229 1 in in ADP ct-9620 229 2 : : PUNCT ct-9620 229 3 grimm grimm PROPN ct-9620 229 4 k k PROPN ct-9620 229 5 , , PUNCT ct-9620 229 6 lamont lamont PROPN ct-9620 229 7 l l PROPN ct-9620 229 8 , , PUNCT ct-9620 229 9 tranquilli tranquilli PROPN ct-9620 229 10 w w PROPN ct-9620 229 11 , , PUNCT ct-9620 229 12 et et PROPN ct-9620 229 13 al al PROPN ct-9620 229 14 : : PUNCT ct-9620 229 15 editors editor NOUN ct-9620 229 16 . . PUNCT ct-9620 230 1 veterinary veterinary ADJ ct-9620 230 2 anesthesia anesthesia PROPN ct-9620 230 3 and and CCONJ ct-9620 230 4 analgesia analgesia NOUN ct-9620 230 5 . . PUNCT ct-9620 231 1 5th 5th ADJ ct-9620 231 2 edition edition NOUN ct-9620 231 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 231 4 ames ame NOUN ct-9620 231 5 ; ; PUNCT ct-9620 231 6 wiley wiley NOUN ct-9620 231 7 - - PUNCT ct-9620 231 8 blackwell blackwell PROPN ct-9620 231 9 : : PUNCT ct-9620 231 10 2015:941–959 2015:941–959 NOUN ct-9620 231 11 . . PUNCT ct-9620 232 1 26 26 NUM ct-9620 232 2 . . PUNCT ct-9620 232 3 elane elane PROPN ct-9620 232 4 gl gl PROPN ct-9620 232 5 , , PUNCT ct-9620 232 6 pablo pablo PROPN ct-9620 232 7 l l PROPN ct-9620 232 8 , , PUNCT ct-9620 232 9 fackler fackler NOUN ct-9620 232 10 b b NOUN ct-9620 232 11 , , PUNCT ct-9620 232 12 et et PROPN ct-9620 232 13 al al PROPN ct-9620 232 14 : : PUNCT ct-9620 232 15 lumbosacral lumbosacral ADJ ct-9620 232 16 intrathecal intrathecal ADJ ct-9620 232 17 lidocaine lidocaine NOUN ct-9620 232 18 provides provide VERB ct-9620 232 19 adequate adequate ADJ ct-9620 232 20 analgesia analgesia NOUN ct-9620 232 21 for for ADP ct-9620 232 22 cesarean cesarean ADJ ct-9620 232 23 sections section NOUN ct-9620 232 24 in in ADP ct-9620 232 25 goats goat NOUN ct-9620 232 26 : : PUNCT ct-9620 232 27 7 7 NUM ct-9620 232 28 cases case NOUN ct-9620 232 29 ( ( PUNCT ct-9620 232 30 2020–2021 2020–2021 NUM ct-9620 232 31 ) ) PUNCT ct-9620 232 32 . . PUNCT ct-9620 233 1 j j PROPN ct-9620 233 2 am be AUX ct-9620 233 3 vet vet NOUN ct-9620 233 4 med med PROPN ct-9620 233 5 assoc assoc PROPN ct-9620 233 6 2022;1:1–4 2022;1:1–4 PROPN ct-9620 233 7 . . PUNCT ct-9620 234 1 doi doi PROPN ct-9620 234 2 : : PUNCT ct-9620 234 3 10.2460/ 10.2460/ NUM ct-9620 234 4 javma.22.05.0191 javma.22.05.0191 PROPN ct-9620 234 5 27 27 NUM ct-9620 234 6 . . PUNCT ct-9620 235 1 anderson anderson PROPN ct-9620 235 2 de de PROPN ct-9620 235 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 235 4 edmondson edmondson PROPN ct-9620 235 5 ma ma PROPN ct-9620 235 6 : : PUNCT ct-9620 235 7 prevention prevention NOUN ct-9620 235 8 and and CCONJ ct-9620 235 9 management management NOUN ct-9620 235 10 of of ADP ct-9620 235 11 surgical surgical ADJ ct-9620 235 12 pain pain NOUN ct-9620 235 13 in in ADP ct-9620 235 14 cattle cattle NOUN ct-9620 235 15 . . PUNCT ct-9620 236 1 vet vet NOUN ct-9620 236 2 clin clin PROPN ct-9620 236 3 north north PROPN ct-9620 236 4 am be AUX ct-9620 236 5 food food NOUN ct-9620 236 6 anim anim NOUN ct-9620 236 7 pract pract PROPN ct-9620 236 8 2013;29:157–184 2013;29:157–184 PROPN ct-9620 236 9 . . PUNCT ct-9620 237 1 doi doi NOUN ct-9620 237 2 : : PUNCT ct-9620 237 3 10.1016 10.1016 NUM ct-9620 237 4 / / SYM ct-9620 237 5 j.cvfa.2012.11.006 j.cvfa.2012.11.006 PROPN ct-9620 237 6 28 28 NUM ct-9620 237 7 . . PUNCT ct-9620 238 1 clarke clarke PROPN ct-9620 238 2 kw kw PROPN ct-9620 238 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 238 4 trim trim VERB ct-9620 238 5 cm cm NUM ct-9620 238 6 , , PUNCT ct-9620 238 7 hall hall PROPN ct-9620 238 8 lw lw PROPN ct-9620 238 9 : : PUNCT ct-9620 238 10 anaesthesia anaesthesia NOUN ct-9620 238 11 of of ADP ct-9620 238 12 sheep sheep NOUN ct-9620 238 13 , , PUNCT ct-9620 238 14 goats goat NOUN ct-9620 238 15 , , PUNCT ct-9620 238 16 and and CCONJ ct-9620 238 17 other other ADJ ct-9620 238 18 herbivores herbivore NOUN ct-9620 238 19 . . PUNCT ct-9620 239 1 in in ADP ct-9620 239 2 : : PUNCT ct-9620 239 3 clarke clarke PROPN ct-9620 239 4 kw kw PROPN ct-9620 239 5 , , PUNCT ct-9620 239 6 trim trim VERB ct-9620 239 7 cm cm NUM ct-9620 239 8 , , PUNCT ct-9620 239 9 hall hall PROPN ct-9620 239 10 lw lw PROPN ct-9620 239 11 : : PUNCT ct-9620 239 12 editors editor NOUN ct-9620 239 13 . . PUNCT ct-9620 240 1 veterinary veterinary ADJ ct-9620 240 2 anaesthesia anaesthesia NOUN ct-9620 240 3 . . PUNCT ct-9620 241 1 11th 11th ADJ ct-9620 241 2 edition edition PROPN ct-9620 241 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 241 4 edinburgh edinburgh PROPN ct-9620 241 5 ; ; PUNCT ct-9620 241 6 saunders/ saunders/ PROPN ct-9620 241 7 elsevier elsevier NOUN ct-9620 241 8 : : PUNCT ct-9620 241 9 2014:345–383 2014:345–383 X ct-9620 241 10 . . NOUN ct-9620 241 11 29 29 NUM ct-9620 241 12 . . PUNCT ct-9620 242 1 venkatachalam venkatachalam PROPN ct-9620 242 2 d d PROPN ct-9620 242 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 242 4 chambers chamber NOUN ct-9620 242 5 p p NOUN ct-9620 242 6 , , PUNCT ct-9620 242 7 kongara kongara PROPN ct-9620 242 8 k k PROPN ct-9620 242 9 , , PUNCT ct-9620 242 10 et et PROPN ct-9620 242 11 al al PROPN ct-9620 242 12 : : PUNCT ct-9620 242 13 toxicity toxicity NOUN ct-9620 242 14 and and CCONJ ct-9620 242 15 pharmacokinetic pharmacokinetic ADJ ct-9620 242 16 studies study NOUN ct-9620 242 17 of of ADP ct-9620 242 18 lidocaine lidocaine NOUN ct-9620 242 19 and and CCONJ ct-9620 242 20 its its PRON ct-9620 242 21 active active ADJ ct-9620 242 22 metabolite metabolite NOUN ct-9620 242 23 , , PUNCT ct-9620 242 24 monoethylglycinexylidide monoethylglycinexylidide NOUN ct-9620 242 25 , , PUNCT ct-9620 242 26 in in ADP ct-9620 242 27 goat goat PROPN ct-9620 242 28 kids kids PROPN ct-9620 242 29 . . PUNCT ct-9620 243 1 animals animal NOUN ct-9620 243 2 2018;8:142 2018;8:142 PROPN ct-9620 243 3 . . PUNCT ct-9620 244 1 doi doi NOUN ct-9620 244 2 : : PUNCT ct-9620 244 3 10.1016 10.1016 NUM ct-9620 244 4 / / SYM ct-9620 244 5 j.cvfa.2012.11.006 j.cvfa.2012.11.006 PROPN ct-9620 244 6 30 30 NUM ct-9620 244 7 . . PUNCT ct-9620 245 1 nancarrow nancarrow PROPN ct-9620 245 2 c c PROPN ct-9620 245 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 245 4 rutten rutten PROPN ct-9620 245 5 aj aj PROPN ct-9620 245 6 , , PUNCT ct-9620 245 7 runciman runciman PROPN ct-9620 245 8 wb wb PROPN ct-9620 245 9 , , PUNCT ct-9620 245 10 et et PROPN ct-9620 245 11 al al PROPN ct-9620 245 12 : : PUNCT ct-9620 245 13 myocardial myocardial ADJ ct-9620 245 14 and and CCONJ ct-9620 245 15 cerebral cerebral ADJ ct-9620 245 16 drug drug NOUN ct-9620 245 17 concentrations concentration NOUN ct-9620 245 18 and and CCONJ ct-9620 245 19 the the DET ct-9620 245 20 mechanisms mechanism NOUN ct-9620 245 21 of of ADP ct-9620 245 22 death death NOUN ct-9620 245 23 after after ADP ct-9620 245 24 fatal fatal ADJ ct-9620 245 25 intravenous intravenous ADJ ct-9620 245 26 doses dose NOUN ct-9620 245 27 of of ADP ct-9620 245 28 lidocaine lidocaine NOUN ct-9620 245 29 , , PUNCT ct-9620 245 30 bupivacaine bupivacaine NOUN ct-9620 245 31 , , PUNCT ct-9620 245 32 and and CCONJ ct-9620 245 33 ropivacaine ropivacaine NOUN ct-9620 245 34 in in ADP ct-9620 245 35 the the DET ct-9620 245 36 sheep sheep NOUN ct-9620 245 37 . . PUNCT ct-9620 246 1 anesth anesth PROPN ct-9620 246 2 analg analg PROPN ct-9620 246 3 1989;69:276–283 1989;69:276–283 PROPN ct-9620 246 4 . . PUNCT ct-9620 247 1 doi doi NOUN ct-9620 247 2 : : PUNCT ct-9620 247 3 10.1213/ 10.1213/ NUM ct-9620 247 4 00000539 00000539 NUM ct-9620 247 5 - - SYM ct-9620 247 6 198909000 198909000 NUM ct-9620 247 7 - - PUNCT ct-9620 247 8 00002 00002 NUM ct-9620 247 9 31 31 NUM ct-9620 247 10 . . PUNCT ct-9620 248 1 lin lin PROPN ct-9620 248 2 h h PROPN ct-9620 248 3 : : PUNCT ct-9620 248 4 standing stand VERB ct-9620 248 5 sedation sedation NOUN ct-9620 248 6 and and CCONJ ct-9620 248 7 chemical chemical NOUN ct-9620 248 8 restraint restraint NOUN ct-9620 248 9 . . PUNCT ct-9620 249 1 in in ADP ct-9620 249 2 : : PUNCT ct-9620 249 3 lin lin PROPN ct-9620 249 4 h h PROPN ct-9620 249 5 , , PUNCT ct-9620 249 6 passler passler NOUN ct-9620 249 7 t t PROPN ct-9620 249 8 , , PUNCT ct-9620 249 9 clark clark NOUN ct-9620 249 10 - - PUNCT ct-9620 249 11 price price NOUN ct-9620 249 12 s s NOUN ct-9620 249 13 : : PUNCT ct-9620 249 14 editors editor NOUN ct-9620 249 15 . . PUNCT ct-9620 250 1 farm farm NOUN ct-9620 250 2 animal animal NOUN ct-9620 250 3 anesthesia anesthesia PROPN ct-9620 250 4 . . PUNCT ct-9620 251 1 2nd 2nd PROPN ct-9620 251 2 edition edition PROPN ct-9620 251 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 251 4 hoboken hoboken PROPN ct-9620 251 5 ; ; PUNCT ct-9620 251 6 wiley wiley NOUN ct-9620 251 7 - - PUNCT ct-9620 251 8 blackwell blackwell PROPN ct-9620 251 9 : : PUNCT ct-9620 251 10 2022:37–59 2022:37–59 PROPN ct-9620 251 11 . . PUNCT ct-9620 251 12 32 32 NUM ct-9620 251 13 . . PUNCT ct-9620 252 1 sakamoto sakamoto PROPN ct-9620 252 2 h h PROPN ct-9620 252 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 252 4 misumi misumi PROPN ct-9620 252 5 k k PROPN ct-9620 252 6 , , PUNCT ct-9620 252 7 nakama nakama PROPN ct-9620 252 8 m m PROPN ct-9620 252 9 , , PUNCT ct-9620 252 10 et et PROPN ct-9620 252 11 al al PROPN ct-9620 252 12 : : PUNCT ct-9620 252 13 the the DET ct-9620 252 14 effects effect NOUN ct-9620 252 15 of of ADP ct-9620 252 16 xylazine xylazine NOUN ct-9620 252 17 on on ADP ct-9620 252 18 intrauterine intrauterine ADJ ct-9620 252 19 pressure pressure NOUN ct-9620 252 20 , , PUNCT ct-9620 252 21 uterine uterine ADJ ct-9620 252 22 blood blood NOUN ct-9620 252 23 flow flow NOUN ct-9620 252 24 , , PUNCT ct-9620 252 25 maternal maternal ADJ ct-9620 252 26 and and CCONJ ct-9620 252 27 fetal fetal ADJ ct-9620 252 28 cardiovascular cardiovascular ADJ ct-9620 252 29 and and CCONJ ct-9620 252 30 pulmonary pulmonary ADJ ct-9620 252 31 function function NOUN ct-9620 252 32 in in ADP ct-9620 252 33 pregnant pregnant ADJ ct-9620 252 34 goats goat NOUN ct-9620 252 35 . . PUNCT ct-9620 253 1 j j PROPN ct-9620 253 2 vet vet PROPN ct-9620 253 3 med me VERB ct-9620 253 4 sci sci PROPN ct-9620 253 5 1996;58:211–217 1996;58:211–217 PROPN ct-9620 253 6 . . PUNCT ct-9620 254 1 doi doi NOUN ct-9620 254 2 : : PUNCT ct-9620 254 3 10.1292 10.1292 NUM ct-9620 254 4 / / SYM ct-9620 254 5 jvms.58.211 jvms.58.211 NUM ct-9620 254 6 33 33 NUM ct-9620 254 7 . . PUNCT ct-9620 255 1 vivrette vivrette PROPN ct-9620 255 2 s s PART ct-9620 255 3 : : PUNCT ct-9620 255 4 cesarean cesarean ADJ ct-9620 255 5 section section NOUN ct-9620 255 6 in in ADP ct-9620 255 7 goats goat NOUN ct-9620 255 8 . . PUNCT ct-9620 256 1 in in ADP ct-9620 256 2 : : PUNCT ct-9620 256 3 morrow morrow NOUN ct-9620 256 4 da da PROPN ct-9620 256 5 : : PUNCT ct-9620 256 6 editor editor NOUN ct-9620 256 7 . . PUNCT ct-9620 257 1 current current ADJ ct-9620 257 2 therapy therapy NOUN ct-9620 257 3 in in ADP ct-9620 257 4 theriogenology theriogenology NOUN ct-9620 257 5 . . PUNCT ct-9620 258 1 2nd 2nd PROPN ct-9620 258 2 edition edition PROPN ct-9620 258 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 258 4 philadelphia philadelphia PROPN ct-9620 258 5 , , PUNCT ct-9620 258 6 pa pa PROPN ct-9620 258 7 ; ; PUNCT ct-9620 258 8 saunders saunder NOUN ct-9620 258 9 : : PUNCT ct-9620 258 10 1986:592–593 1986:592–593 NUM ct-9620 258 11 . . PUNCT ct-9620 259 1 34 34 NUM ct-9620 259 2 . . PUNCT ct-9620 260 1 waage waage NOUN ct-9620 260 2 s s PROPN ct-9620 260 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 260 4 wangensteen wangensteen VERB ct-9620 260 5 g g NOUN ct-9620 260 6 : : PUNCT ct-9620 260 7 short short ADJ ct-9620 260 8 - - PUNCT ct-9620 260 9 term term NOUN ct-9620 260 10 and and CCONJ ct-9620 260 11 long long ADJ ct-9620 260 12 - - PUNCT ct-9620 260 13 term term NOUN ct-9620 260 14 outcomes outcome NOUN ct-9620 260 15 of of ADP ct-9620 260 16 ewes ewe NOUN ct-9620 260 17 and and CCONJ ct-9620 260 18 their their PRON ct-9620 260 19 offspring offspring NOUN ct-9620 260 20 after after ADP ct-9620 260 21 elective elective ADJ ct-9620 260 22 cesarean cesarean ADJ ct-9620 260 23 section section NOUN ct-9620 260 24 . . PUNCT ct-9620 261 1 theriogenology theriogenology NOUN ct-9620 261 2 2013;79:486–494 2013;79:486–494 NOUN ct-9620 261 3 . . PUNCT ct-9620 262 1 doi doi NOUN ct-9620 262 2 : : PUNCT ct-9620 262 3 10.1016 10.1016 NUM ct-9620 262 4 / / SYM ct-9620 262 5 j.theriogenology.2012.11.001 j.theriogenology.2012.11.001 PROPN ct-9620 262 6 35 35 NUM ct-9620 262 7 . . PUNCT ct-9620 263 1 hartnack hartnack PROPN ct-9620 263 2 a a PRON ct-9620 263 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 263 4 jones jones PROPN ct-9620 263 5 m m PROPN ct-9620 263 6 : : PUNCT ct-9620 263 7 surgery surgery NOUN ct-9620 263 8 of of ADP ct-9620 263 9 sheep sheep NOUN ct-9620 263 10 and and CCONJ ct-9620 263 11 goat goat PROPN ct-9620 263 12 digestive digestive PROPN ct-9620 263 13 system system NOUN ct-9620 263 14 . . PUNCT ct-9620 264 1 in in ADP ct-9620 264 2 : : PUNCT ct-9620 264 3 fubini fubini PROPN ct-9620 264 4 sl sl PROPN ct-9620 264 5 , , PUNCT ct-9620 264 6 ducharma ducharma PROPN ct-9620 264 7 ng ng PROPN ct-9620 264 8 : : PUNCT ct-9620 264 9 editors editor NOUN ct-9620 264 10 . . PUNCT ct-9620 265 1 farm farm NOUN ct-9620 265 2 animal animal NOUN ct-9620 265 3 surgery surgery NOUN ct-9620 265 4 . . PUNCT ct-9620 266 1 2nd 2nd PROPN ct-9620 266 2 edition edition PROPN ct-9620 266 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 266 4 st st PROPN ct-9620 266 5 . . PROPN ct-9620 266 6 louis louis PROPN ct-9620 266 7 , , PUNCT ct-9620 266 8 mo mo PROPN ct-9620 266 9 ; ; PUNCT ct-9620 266 10 elsevier elsevier NOUN ct-9620 266 11 : : PUNCT ct-9620 267 1 2017:561–567 2017:561–567 X ct-9620 267 2 . . PROPN ct-9620 267 3 36 36 NUM ct-9620 267 4 . . PUNCT ct-9620 268 1 wallace wallace PROPN ct-9620 268 2 c c X ct-9620 268 3 : : PUNCT ct-9620 268 4 a a DET ct-9620 268 5 technique technique NOUN ct-9620 268 6 for for ADP ct-9620 268 7 performing perform VERB ct-9620 268 8 cesarean cesarean ADJ ct-9620 268 9 section section NOUN ct-9620 268 10 in in ADP ct-9620 268 11 goats goat NOUN ct-9620 268 12 . . PUNCT ct-9620 269 1 vet vet NOUN ct-9620 269 2 med me VERB ct-9620 269 3 small small ADJ ct-9620 269 4 anil anil PROPN ct-9620 269 5 clin clin PROPN ct-9620 269 6 1982;77:791–793 1982;77:791–793 PROPN ct-9620 269 7 . . PROPN ct-9620 270 1 37 37 NUM ct-9620 270 2 . . PUNCT ct-9620 271 1 baird baird PROPN ct-9620 271 2 an an DET ct-9620 271 3 : : PUNCT ct-9620 271 4 surgery surgery NOUN ct-9620 271 5 of of ADP ct-9620 271 6 the the DET ct-9620 271 7 uterus uterus NOUN ct-9620 271 8 . . PUNCT ct-9620 272 1 cattle cattle NOUN ct-9620 272 2 , , PUNCT ct-9620 272 3 sheep sheep NOUN ct-9620 272 4 , , PUNCT ct-9620 272 5 and and CCONJ ct-9620 272 6 goats goat NOUN ct-9620 272 7 . . PUNCT ct-9620 273 1 in in ADP ct-9620 273 2 : : PUNCT ct-9620 273 3 wolfe wolfe PROPN ct-9620 273 4 df df PROPN ct-9620 273 5 , , PUNCT ct-9620 273 6 moll moll PROPN ct-9620 273 7 hd hd PROPN ct-9620 273 8 : : PUNCT ct-9620 273 9 editors editor NOUN ct-9620 273 10 . . PUNCT ct-9620 274 1 large large ADJ ct-9620 274 2 animal animal NOUN ct-9620 274 3 urogenital urogenital ADJ ct-9620 274 4 surgery surgery NOUN ct-9620 274 5 . . PUNCT ct-9620 275 1 baltimore baltimore PROPN ct-9620 275 2 , , PUNCT ct-9620 275 3 md md PROPN ct-9620 275 4 ; ; PUNCT ct-9620 275 5 williams williams PROPN ct-9620 275 6 & & CCONJ ct-9620 275 7 wilkins wilkins PROPN ct-9620 275 8 : : PUNCT ct-9620 275 9 1999 1999 NUM ct-9620 275 10 . . PUNCT ct-9620 276 1 p. p. NOUN ct-9620 276 2 417–420 417–420 NUM ct-9620 276 3 . . PUNCT ct-9620 277 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9620 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9620 PROPN ct-9620 278 1 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.1990.tb07404.x https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.1990.tb07404.x PROPN ct-9620 278 2 https://doi.org/10.1111/rda.13855 https://doi.org/10.1111/rda.13855 ADJ ct-9620 278 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/0007-1935(89)90118-8 https://doi.org/10.1016/0007-1935(89)90118-8 X ct-9620 278 4 https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.101370 https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.101370 X ct-9620 279 1 https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.2004.224.275 https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.2004.224.275 PROPN ct-9620 279 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/0921-4488(92)90059-d https://doi.org/10.1016/0921-4488(92)90059-d PROPN ct-9620 279 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.​2015.10.017 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.​2015.10.017 X ct-9620 279 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.​2015.10.017 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.​2015.10.017 PRON ct-9620 279 5 https://doi.org/10.1136/inpract.22.9.546 https://doi.org/10.1136/inpract.22.9.546 X ct-9620 279 6 https://doi.org/10.21423/aabppro20064668 https://doi.org/10.21423/aabppro20064668 NOUN ct-9620 279 7 https://doi.org/10.1136/inpract.21.1.2 https://doi.org/10.1136/inpract.21.1.2 ADJ ct-9620 279 8 https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.22.05.0191 https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.22.05.0191 PROPN ct-9620 279 9 https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.22.05.0191 https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.22.05.0191 NOUN ct-9620 279 10 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvfa.2012.11.006 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvfa.2012.11.006 NOUN ct-9620 279 11 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvfa.2012.11.006 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvfa.2012.11.006 NOUN ct-9620 279 12 https://doi.org/10.1213/00000539-198909000-00002 https://doi.org/10.1213/00000539-198909000-00002 NOUN ct-9620 279 13 https://doi.org/10.1213/00000539-198909000-00002 https://doi.org/10.1213/00000539-198909000-00002 NOUN ct-9620 279 14 https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.58.211 https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.58.211 PROPN ct-9620 279 15 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2012.11.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2012.11.001 PROPN ct-9620 279 16 citation citation NOUN ct-9620 279 17 line line NOUN ct-9620 279 18 : : PUNCT ct-9620 279 19 clinical clinical ADJ ct-9620 279 20 theriogenology theriogenology NOUN ct-9620 279 21 2023 2023 NUM ct-9620 279 22 , , PUNCT ct-9620 279 23 15 15 NUM ct-9620 279 24 , , PUNCT ct-9620 279 25 9620 9620 NUM ct-9620 279 26 , , PUNCT ct-9620 279 27 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9620 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9620 PROPN ct-9620 279 28 81 81 NUM ct-9620 279 29 38 38 NUM ct-9620 279 30 . . PUNCT ct-9620 280 1 ewoldt ewoldt PROPN ct-9620 280 2 jm jm PROPN ct-9620 280 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 280 4 anderson anderson PROPN ct-9620 280 5 de de PROPN ct-9620 280 6 , , PUNCT ct-9620 280 7 hardy hardy PROPN ct-9620 280 8 j j PROPN ct-9620 280 9 , , PUNCT ct-9620 280 10 et et PROPN ct-9620 280 11 al al PROPN ct-9620 280 12 : : PUNCT ct-9620 280 13 evaluation evaluation NOUN ct-9620 280 14 of of ADP ct-9620 280 15 a a DET ct-9620 280 16 sheep sheep NOUN ct-9620 280 17 laparoscopic laparoscopic X ct-9620 280 18 uterine uterine ADJ ct-9620 280 19 trauma trauma NOUN ct-9620 280 20 model model NOUN ct-9620 280 21 and and CCONJ ct-9620 280 22 repeat repeat NOUN ct-9620 280 23 laparoscopy laparoscopy NOUN ct-9620 280 24 for for ADP ct-9620 280 25 evaluation evaluation NOUN ct-9620 280 26 of of ADP ct-9620 280 27 adhesion adhesion NOUN ct-9620 280 28 formation formation NOUN ct-9620 280 29 and and CCONJ ct-9620 280 30 prevention prevention NOUN ct-9620 280 31 with with ADP ct-9620 280 32 sodium sodium NOUN ct-9620 280 33 carboxymethylcellulose carboxymethylcellulose PROPN ct-9620 280 34 . . PUNCT ct-9620 281 1 vet vet NOUN ct-9620 281 2 surg surg PROPN ct-9620 281 3 2004;33:668–672 2004;33:668–672 PROPN ct-9620 281 4 . . PUNCT ct-9620 282 1 doi doi NOUN ct-9620 282 2 : : PUNCT ct-9620 282 3 10.1111 10.1111 NUM ct-9620 282 4 / / SYM ct-9620 282 5 j.1532 j.1532 PROPN ct-9620 282 6 - - PUNCT ct-9620 282 7 950x.2004.04090.x 950x.2004.04090.x NOUN ct-9620 282 8 39 39 NUM ct-9620 282 9 . . PUNCT ct-9620 283 1 moll moll PROPN ct-9620 283 2 hd hd PROPN ct-9620 283 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 283 4 wolfe wolfe PROPN ct-9620 283 5 df df PROPN ct-9620 283 6 , , PUNCT ct-9620 283 7 schumacher schumacher PROPN ct-9620 283 8 j j PROPN ct-9620 283 9 , , PUNCT ct-9620 283 10 et et PROPN ct-9620 283 11 al al PROPN ct-9620 283 12 : : PUNCT ct-9620 283 13 evaluation evaluation NOUN ct-9620 283 14 of of ADP ct-9620 283 15 sodium sodium NOUN ct-9620 283 16 carboxymethylcellulose carboxymethylcellulose VERB ct-9620 283 17 for for ADP ct-9620 283 18 prevention prevention NOUN ct-9620 283 19 of of ADP ct-9620 283 20 adhesions adhesion NOUN ct-9620 283 21 after after ADP ct-9620 283 22 uterine uterine ADJ ct-9620 283 23 trauma trauma NOUN ct-9620 283 24 in in ADP ct-9620 283 25 ewes ewe NOUN ct-9620 283 26 . . PUNCT ct-9620 283 27 am be AUX ct-9620 283 28 j j PROPN ct-9620 283 29 vet vet NOUN ct-9620 283 30 res re NOUN ct-9620 283 31 1992;53:1454–1456 1992;53:1454–1456 NOUN ct-9620 283 32 . . PUNCT ct-9620 284 1 40 40 NUM ct-9620 284 2 . . PUNCT ct-9620 285 1 mansour mansour PROPN ct-9620 285 2 m m PROPN ct-9620 285 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 285 4 wilhite wilhite PROPN ct-9620 285 5 r r PROPN ct-9620 285 6 , , PUNCT ct-9620 285 7 rowe rowe PROPN ct-9620 285 8 j j PROPN ct-9620 285 9 : : PUNCT ct-9620 285 10 the the DET ct-9620 285 11 pelvis pelvi NOUN ct-9620 285 12 and and CCONJ ct-9620 285 13 reproductive reproductive ADJ ct-9620 285 14 organs organ NOUN ct-9620 285 15 . . PUNCT ct-9620 286 1 in in ADP ct-9620 286 2 : : PUNCT ct-9620 286 3 mansour mansour PROPN ct-9620 286 4 m m PROPN ct-9620 286 5 , , PUNCT ct-9620 286 6 wilhite wilhite PROPN ct-9620 286 7 r r PROPN ct-9620 286 8 , , PUNCT ct-9620 286 9 rowe rowe PROPN ct-9620 286 10 j j PROPN ct-9620 286 11 : : PUNCT ct-9620 286 12 editors editor NOUN ct-9620 286 13 . . PUNCT ct-9620 287 1 guide guide VERB ct-9620 287 2 to to ADP ct-9620 287 3 ruminant ruminant NOUN ct-9620 287 4 anatomy anatomy NOUN ct-9620 287 5 : : PUNCT ct-9620 287 6 dissection dissection NOUN ct-9620 287 7 and and CCONJ ct-9620 287 8 clinical clinical ADJ ct-9620 287 9 aspects aspect NOUN ct-9620 287 10 . . PUNCT ct-9620 288 1 hoboken hoboken PROPN ct-9620 288 2 ; ; PUNCT ct-9620 288 3 john john PROPN ct-9620 288 4 wiley wiley PROPN ct-9620 288 5 & & CCONJ ct-9620 288 6 sons son NOUN ct-9620 288 7 : : PUNCT ct-9620 289 1 2017:168 2017:168 NUM ct-9620 289 2 . . NOUN ct-9620 289 3 41 41 NUM ct-9620 289 4 . . PUNCT ct-9620 290 1 fajt fajt NOUN ct-9620 290 2 v v NOUN ct-9620 290 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 290 4 brown brown ADJ ct-9620 290 5 kr kr PROPN ct-9620 290 6 , , PUNCT ct-9620 290 7 pugh pugh PROPN ct-9620 290 8 dg dg PROPN ct-9620 290 9 : : PUNCT ct-9620 290 10 appendix appendix NOUN ct-9620 290 11 1 1 NUM ct-9620 290 12 – – PUNCT ct-9620 290 13 commonly commonly ADV ct-9620 290 14 used use VERB ct-9620 290 15 drugs drug NOUN ct-9620 290 16 and and CCONJ ct-9620 290 17 veterinary veterinary ADJ ct-9620 290 18 feed feed NOUN ct-9620 290 19 directive directive NOUN ct-9620 290 20 in in ADP ct-9620 290 21 sheep sheep NOUN ct-9620 290 22 , , PUNCT ct-9620 290 23 goats goat NOUN ct-9620 290 24 , , PUNCT ct-9620 290 25 and and CCONJ ct-9620 290 26 cervids cervid NOUN ct-9620 290 27 . . PUNCT ct-9620 291 1 in in ADP ct-9620 291 2 : : PUNCT ct-9620 291 3 pugh pugh PROPN ct-9620 291 4 dg dg PROPN ct-9620 291 5 , , PUNCT ct-9620 291 6 baird baird PROPN ct-9620 291 7 an an PROPN ct-9620 291 8 , , PUNCT ct-9620 291 9 edmondson edmondson PROPN ct-9620 291 10 ma ma PROPN ct-9620 291 11 , , PUNCT ct-9620 291 12 et et PROPN ct-9620 291 13 al al PROPN ct-9620 291 14 : : PUNCT ct-9620 291 15 editors editor NOUN ct-9620 291 16 . . PUNCT ct-9620 292 1 sheep sheep NOUN ct-9620 292 2 , , PUNCT ct-9620 292 3 goat goat NOUN ct-9620 292 4 , , PUNCT ct-9620 292 5 and and CCONJ ct-9620 292 6 cervid cervid PROPN ct-9620 292 7 medicine medicine NOUN ct-9620 292 8 . . PUNCT ct-9620 293 1 3rd 3rd ADJ ct-9620 293 2 edition edition NOUN ct-9620 293 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 293 4 oxford oxford PROPN ct-9620 293 5 ; ; PUNCT ct-9620 293 6 elsevier elsevier NOUN ct-9620 293 7 : : PUNCT ct-9620 293 8 2021:517–538 2021:517–538 NOUN ct-9620 293 9 . . PUNCT ct-9620 294 1 42 42 NUM ct-9620 294 2 . . PUNCT ct-9620 295 1 simpson simpson PROPN ct-9620 295 2 km km PROPN ct-9620 295 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 295 4 taylor taylor PROPN ct-9620 295 5 jd jd PROPN ct-9620 295 6 , , PUNCT ct-9620 295 7 streeter streeter PROPN ct-9620 295 8 rn rn PROPN ct-9620 295 9 : : PUNCT ct-9620 295 10 evaluation evaluation NOUN ct-9620 295 11 of of ADP ct-9620 295 12 prgonostic prgonostic ADJ ct-9620 295 13 indicators indicator NOUN ct-9620 295 14 for for ADP ct-9620 295 15 goats goat NOUN ct-9620 295 16 with with ADP ct-9620 295 17 pregnancy pregnancy NOUN ct-9620 295 18 toxemia toxemia NOUN ct-9620 295 19 . . PUNCT ct-9620 296 1 j j PROPN ct-9620 296 2 am be AUX ct-9620 296 3 vet vet NOUN ct-9620 296 4 med med ADJ ct-9620 296 5 assoc assoc PROPN ct-9620 296 6 2019;254:859–868 2019;254:859–868 NUM ct-9620 296 7 . . PUNCT ct-9620 297 1 doi doi NOUN ct-9620 297 2 : : PUNCT ct-9620 297 3 10.2460 10.2460 NUM ct-9620 297 4 / / SYM ct-9620 297 5 javma.254.7.859 javma.254.7.859 NOUN ct-9620 298 1 43 43 NUM ct-9620 298 2 . . PUNCT ct-9620 299 1 lima lima PROPN ct-9620 299 2 ms ms PROPN ct-9620 299 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 299 4 silveira silveira PROPN ct-9620 299 5 jm jm PROPN ct-9620 299 6 , , PUNCT ct-9620 299 7 carolino carolino PROPN ct-9620 299 8 l l PROPN ct-9620 299 9 , , PUNCT ct-9620 299 10 et et PROPN ct-9620 299 11 al al PROPN ct-9620 299 12 : : PUNCT ct-9620 299 13 usefulness usefulness NOUN ct-9620 299 14 of of ADP ct-9620 299 15 clinical clinical ADJ ct-9620 299 16 observations observation NOUN ct-9620 299 17 and and CCONJ ct-9620 299 18 blood blood NOUN ct-9620 299 19 chemistry chemistry NOUN ct-9620 299 20 values value NOUN ct-9620 299 21 for for ADP ct-9620 299 22 predicting predict VERB ct-9620 299 23 clinical clinical ADJ ct-9620 299 24 outcomes outcome NOUN ct-9620 299 25 in in ADP ct-9620 299 26 dairy dairy NOUN ct-9620 299 27 goats goat NOUN ct-9620 299 28 with with ADP ct-9620 299 29 pregnancy pregnancy NOUN ct-9620 299 30 toxaemia toxaemia ADV ct-9620 299 31 . . PUNCT ct-9620 300 1 ir ir PROPN ct-9620 300 2 vet vet PROPN ct-9620 300 3 j j PROPN ct-9620 300 4 2016;69:16 2016;69:16 NUM ct-9620 300 5 . . PUNCT ct-9620 301 1 doi doi NOUN ct-9620 301 2 : : PUNCT ct-9620 301 3 10.1186 10.1186 NUM ct-9620 301 4 / / SYM ct-9620 301 5 s13620 s13620 NOUN ct-9620 301 6 - - PUNCT ct-9620 301 7 016 016 NUM ct-9620 301 8 - - PUNCT ct-9620 301 9 0075 0075 NUM ct-9620 301 10 - - SYM ct-9620 301 11 4 4 NUM ct-9620 301 12 44 44 NUM ct-9620 301 13 . . PUNCT ct-9620 302 1 seddighi seddighi PROPN ct-9620 302 2 r r PROPN ct-9620 302 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 302 4 doherty doherty PROPN ct-9620 302 5 tj tj PROPN ct-9620 302 6 : : PUNCT ct-9620 302 7 field field NOUN ct-9620 302 8 sedation sedation NOUN ct-9620 302 9 and and CCONJ ct-9620 302 10 anesthesia anesthesia NOUN ct-9620 302 11 of of ADP ct-9620 302 12 ruminants ruminant NOUN ct-9620 302 13 . . PUNCT ct-9620 303 1 vet vet NOUN ct-9620 303 2 clin clin PROPN ct-9620 303 3 north north PROPN ct-9620 303 4 am be AUX ct-9620 303 5 food food NOUN ct-9620 303 6 anim anim NOUN ct-9620 303 7 pract pract PROPN ct-9620 303 8 2016;32:553–570 2016;32:553–570 PROPN ct-9620 303 9 . . PUNCT ct-9620 304 1 doi doi NOUN ct-9620 304 2 : : PUNCT ct-9620 304 3 10.1016 10.1016 NUM ct-9620 304 4 / / SYM ct-9620 304 5 j.cvfa.2016.05.002 j.cvfa.2016.05.002 NOUN ct-9620 304 6 45 45 NUM ct-9620 304 7 . . PUNCT ct-9620 305 1 berge berge PROPN ct-9620 305 2 a a PROPN ct-9620 305 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 305 4 hassid hassid VERB ct-9620 305 5 g g PROPN ct-9620 305 6 , , PUNCT ct-9620 305 7 leibovich leibovich ADJ ct-9620 305 8 h h NOUN ct-9620 305 9 , , PUNCT ct-9620 305 10 et et PROPN ct-9620 305 11 al al PROPN ct-9620 305 12 : : PUNCT ct-9620 305 13 a a DET ct-9620 305 14 field field NOUN ct-9620 305 15 trial trial NOUN ct-9620 305 16 evaluating evaluate VERB ct-9620 305 17 the the DET ct-9620 305 18 health health NOUN ct-9620 305 19 and and CCONJ ct-9620 305 20 performance performance NOUN ct-9620 305 21 of of ADP ct-9620 305 22 lambs lamb NOUN ct-9620 305 23 fed feed VERB ct-9620 305 24 a a DET ct-9620 305 25 bovine bovine ADJ ct-9620 305 26 colostrum colostrum NOUN ct-9620 305 27 replacement replacement NOUN ct-9620 305 28 . . PUNCT ct-9620 306 1 j j PROPN ct-9620 306 2 anim anim NOUN ct-9620 306 3 res re NOUN ct-9620 306 4 nutr nutr PROPN ct-9620 306 5 2018;3:1:6 2018;3:1:6 NUM ct-9620 306 6 . . PUNCT ct-9620 307 1 46 46 NUM ct-9620 307 2 . . PUNCT ct-9620 308 1 batmaz batmaz ADJ ct-9620 308 2 h h NOUN ct-9620 308 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 308 4 kaçar kaçar PROPN ct-9620 308 5 y y PROPN ct-9620 308 6 , , PUNCT ct-9620 308 7 topal topal PROPN ct-9620 308 8 o o NOUN ct-9620 308 9 , , PUNCT ct-9620 308 10 et et PROPN ct-9620 308 11 al al PROPN ct-9620 308 12 : : PUNCT ct-9620 308 13 evaluation evaluation NOUN ct-9620 308 14 of of ADP ct-9620 308 15 passive passive ADJ ct-9620 308 16 transfer transfer NOUN ct-9620 308 17 in in ADP ct-9620 308 18 goat goat PROPN ct-9620 308 19 kids kid NOUN ct-9620 308 20 with with ADP ct-9620 308 21 brix brix NOUN ct-9620 308 22 refractometer refractometer NOUN ct-9620 308 23 and and CCONJ ct-9620 308 24 comparison comparison NOUN ct-9620 308 25 with with ADP ct-9620 308 26 other other ADJ ct-9620 308 27 semiquantitative semiquantitative ADJ ct-9620 308 28 tests test NOUN ct-9620 308 29 . . PUNCT ct-9620 309 1 turk turk PROPN ct-9620 309 2 j j PROPN ct-9620 309 3 vet vet PROPN ct-9620 309 4 anim anim NOUN ct-9620 309 5 sci sci PROPN ct-9620 309 6 2019;43:596–602 2019;43:596–602 PROPN ct-9620 309 7 . . PUNCT ct-9620 310 1 doi doi NOUN ct-9620 310 2 : : PUNCT ct-9620 310 3 10.3906 10.3906 NUM ct-9620 310 4 / / SYM ct-9620 310 5 vet-1905 vet-1905 NOUN ct-9620 310 6 - - PUNCT ct-9620 310 7 31 31 NUM ct-9620 310 8 47 47 NUM ct-9620 310 9 . . PUNCT ct-9620 311 1 o’brien o’brien PROPN ct-9620 311 2 j j PROPN ct-9620 311 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 311 4 sherman sherman PROPN ct-9620 311 5 d d NOUN ct-9620 311 6 : : PUNCT ct-9620 311 7 field field NOUN ct-9620 311 8 methods method NOUN ct-9620 311 9 for for ADP ct-9620 311 10 estimating estimate VERB ct-9620 311 11 serum serum NOUN ct-9620 311 12 immunoglobulin immunoglobulin NOUN ct-9620 311 13 concentrations concentration NOUN ct-9620 311 14 in in ADP ct-9620 311 15 newborn newborn ADJ ct-9620 311 16 kids kid NOUN ct-9620 311 17 . . PUNCT ct-9620 312 1 small small ADJ ct-9620 312 2 rumin rumin NOUN ct-9620 312 3 res re VERB ct-9620 312 4 1993;11:79–84 1993;11:79–84 NUM ct-9620 312 5 . . PUNCT ct-9620 313 1 doi doi NOUN ct-9620 313 2 : : PUNCT ct-9620 313 3 10.1016/0921 10.1016/0921 NUM ct-9620 313 4 - - SYM ct-9620 313 5 4488(93)90120 4488(93)90120 NUM ct-9620 313 6 - - SYM ct-9620 313 7 7 7 NUM ct-9620 313 8 48 48 NUM ct-9620 313 9 . . PUNCT ct-9620 314 1 roberson roberson PROPN ct-9620 314 2 jr jr PROPN ct-9620 314 3 : : PUNCT ct-9620 314 4 surgical surgical ADJ ct-9620 314 5 considerations consideration NOUN ct-9620 314 6 . . PUNCT ct-9620 315 1 in in ADP ct-9620 315 2 : : PUNCT ct-9620 315 3 fubini fubini PROPN ct-9620 315 4 sl sl PROPN ct-9620 315 5 , , PUNCT ct-9620 315 6 ducharme ducharme NOUN ct-9620 315 7 ng ng PROPN ct-9620 315 8 : : PUNCT ct-9620 315 9 editors editor NOUN ct-9620 315 10 . . PUNCT ct-9620 316 1 farm farm NOUN ct-9620 316 2 animal animal NOUN ct-9620 316 3 surgery surgery NOUN ct-9620 316 4 . . PUNCT ct-9620 317 1 1st 1st PROPN ct-9620 317 2 edition edition PROPN ct-9620 317 3 , , PUNCT ct-9620 317 4 st st PROPN ct-9620 317 5 . . PROPN ct-9620 317 6 louis louis PROPN ct-9620 317 7 , , PUNCT ct-9620 317 8 mo mo PROPN ct-9620 317 9 ; ; PUNCT ct-9620 317 10 saunders saunder NOUN ct-9620 317 11 : : PUNCT ct-9620 318 1 2004:58–74 2004:58–74 NUM ct-9620 318 2 . . PUNCT ct-9620 318 3 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9620 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9620 PROPN ct-9620 318 4 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-950x.2004.04090.x https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-950x.2004.04090.x PROPN ct-9620 318 5 https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.254.7.859 https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.254.7.859 PROPN ct-9620 318 6 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13620-016-0075-4 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13620-016-0075-4 NUM ct-9620 318 7 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvfa.2016.05.002 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvfa.2016.05.002 NOUN ct-9620 318 8 https://doi.org/10.3906/vet-1905-31 https://doi.org/10.3906/vet-1905-31 NOUN ct-9620 318 9 https://doi.org/10.1016/0921-4488(93)90120-7 https://doi.org/10.1016/0921-4488(93)90120-7 PUNCT