id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
ct-9646	1	1	5	5	NUM
ct-9646	1	2	contact	contact	PROPN
ct-9646	1	3	jessica	jessica	PROPN
ct-9646	1	4	cowley	cowley	PROPN
ct-9646	1	5	j.cowley@auburn.edu	j.cowley@auburn.edu	PROPN
ct-9646	2	1	©	©	PROPN
ct-9646	2	2	2023	2023	NUM
ct-9646	2	3	the	the	DET
ct-9646	2	4	author(s	author(s	NOUN
ct-9646	2	5	)	)	PUNCT
ct-9646	2	6	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	3	1	this	this	PRON
ct-9646	3	2	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	3	3	an	an	DET
ct-9646	3	4	open	open	ADJ
ct-9646	3	5	access	access	NOUN
ct-9646	3	6	article	article	NOUN
ct-9646	3	7	distributed	distribute	VERB
ct-9646	3	8	under	under	ADP
ct-9646	3	9	the	the	DET
ct-9646	3	10	terms	term	NOUN
ct-9646	3	11	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	3	12	the	the	DET
ct-9646	3	13	creative	creative	ADJ
ct-9646	3	14	commons	common	NOUN
ct-9646	3	15	attribution	attribution	NOUN
ct-9646	3	16	-	-	PUNCT
ct-9646	3	17	noncommercial	noncommercial	ADJ
ct-9646	3	18	4.0	4.0	NUM
ct-9646	3	19	international	international	ADJ
ct-9646	3	20	license	license	NOUN
ct-9646	3	21	(	(	PUNCT
ct-9646	3	22	http://	http://	PROPN
ct-9646	3	23	creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/	creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/	NOUN
ct-9646	3	24	)	)	PUNCT
ct-9646	3	25	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	3	26	permitting	permit	VERB
ct-9646	3	27	all	all	DET
ct-9646	3	28	noncommercial	noncommercial	ADJ
ct-9646	3	29	use	use	NOUN
ct-9646	3	30	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	3	31	distribution	distribution	NOUN
ct-9646	3	32	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	3	33	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	3	34	reproduction	reproduction	NOUN
ct-9646	3	35	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	3	36	any	any	DET
ct-9646	3	37	medium	medium	NOUN
ct-9646	3	38	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	3	39	provided	provide	VERB
ct-9646	3	40	the	the	DET
ct-9646	3	41	original	original	ADJ
ct-9646	3	42	work	work	NOUN
ct-9646	3	43	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	3	44	properly	properly	ADV
ct-9646	3	45	cited	cite	VERB
ct-9646	3	46	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	4	1	citation	citation	NOUN
ct-9646	4	2	line	line	NOUN
ct-9646	4	3	:	:	PUNCT
ct-9646	4	4	clinical	clinical	ADJ
ct-9646	4	5	theriogenology	theriogenology	NOUN
ct-9646	4	6	2023	2023	NUM
ct-9646	4	7	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	4	8	15	15	NUM
ct-9646	4	9	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	4	10	9646	9646	NUM
ct-9646	4	11	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	4	12	http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9646	http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9646	PROPN
ct-9646	4	13	review	review	PROPN
ct-9646	4	14	report	report	NOUN
ct-9646	4	15	management	management	NOUN
ct-9646	4	16	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	4	17	urolithiasis	urolithiasis	NOUN
ct-9646	4	18	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	4	19	breeding	breeding	NOUN
ct-9646	4	20	bulls	bull	NOUN
ct-9646	4	21	jessica	jessica	PROPN
ct-9646	4	22	cowley	cowley	PROPN
ct-9646	4	23	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	4	24	richard	richard	PROPN
ct-9646	4	25	hopper	hopper	PROPN
ct-9646	4	26	department	department	PROPN
ct-9646	4	27	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	4	28	clinical	clinical	ADJ
ct-9646	4	29	sciences	science	NOUN
ct-9646	4	30	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	4	31	college	college	NOUN
ct-9646	4	32	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	4	33	veterinary	veterinary	ADJ
ct-9646	4	34	medicine	medicine	NOUN
ct-9646	4	35	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	4	36	auburn	auburn	NOUN
ct-9646	4	37	university	university	PROPN
ct-9646	4	38	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	4	39	auburn	auburn	NOUN
ct-9646	4	40	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	4	41	al	al	PROPN
ct-9646	4	42	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	4	43	usa	usa	PROPN
ct-9646	4	44	abstract	abstract	ADJ
ct-9646	4	45	urolithiasis	urolithiasis	NOUN
ct-9646	4	46	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	4	47	commonly	commonly	ADV
ct-9646	4	48	encountered	encounter	VERB
ct-9646	4	49	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	4	50	frequently	frequently	ADV
ct-9646	4	51	a	a	DET
ct-9646	4	52	fatal	fatal	ADJ
ct-9646	4	53	disease	disease	NOUN
ct-9646	4	54	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	4	55	the	the	DET
ct-9646	4	56	ruminant	ruminant	NOUN
ct-9646	4	57	species	specie	NOUN
ct-9646	4	58	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	5	1	clinical	clinical	ADJ
ct-9646	5	2	signs	sign	NOUN
ct-9646	5	3	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	5	4	urolithiasis	urolithiasis	NOUN
ct-9646	5	5	are	be	AUX
ct-9646	5	6	related	relate	VERB
ct-9646	5	7	to	to	ADP
ct-9646	5	8	both	both	PRON
ct-9646	5	9	its	its	PRON
ct-9646	5	10	severity	severity	NOUN
ct-9646	5	11	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	5	12	chronicity	chronicity	NOUN
ct-9646	5	13	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	6	1	after	after	SCONJ
ct-9646	6	2	complete	complete	ADJ
ct-9646	6	3	obstruction	obstruction	NOUN
ct-9646	6	4	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	6	5	24–48	24–48	NUM
ct-9646	6	6	h	h	NOUN
ct-9646	6	7	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	6	8	bladder	bladder	NOUN
ct-9646	6	9	or	or	CCONJ
ct-9646	6	10	urethral	urethral	ADJ
ct-9646	6	11	obstruction	obstruction	NOUN
ct-9646	6	12	can	can	AUX
ct-9646	6	13	occur	occur	VERB
ct-9646	6	14	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	7	1	the	the	DET
ct-9646	7	2	varying	vary	VERB
ct-9646	7	3	urinary	urinary	ADJ
ct-9646	7	4	environments	environment	NOUN
ct-9646	7	5	affect	affect	VERB
ct-9646	7	6	the	the	DET
ct-9646	7	7	type	type	NOUN
ct-9646	7	8	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	7	9	stone	stone	NOUN
ct-9646	7	10	development	development	NOUN
ct-9646	7	11	:	:	PUNCT
ct-9646	7	12	phosphatic	phosphatic	ADJ
ct-9646	7	13	stones	stone	NOUN
ct-9646	7	14	occur	occur	VERB
ct-9646	7	15	when	when	SCONJ
ct-9646	7	16	cattle	cattle	NOUN
ct-9646	7	17	consume	consume	VERB
ct-9646	7	18	high	high	ADJ
ct-9646	7	19	phosphate	phosphate	NOUN
ct-9646	7	20	diets	diet	NOUN
ct-9646	7	21	;	;	PUNCT
ct-9646	7	22	silica	silica	VERB
ct-9646	7	23	calculi	calculi	NOUN
ct-9646	7	24	form	form	NOUN
ct-9646	7	25	when	when	SCONJ
ct-9646	7	26	grazing	graze	VERB
ct-9646	7	27	native	native	ADJ
ct-9646	7	28	grasses	grass	NOUN
ct-9646	7	29	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	7	30	the	the	DET
ct-9646	7	31	western	western	ADJ
ct-9646	7	32	us	we	PRON
ct-9646	7	33	;	;	PUNCT
ct-9646	7	34	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	7	35	calcium	calcium	NOUN
ct-9646	7	36	stones	stone	NOUN
ct-9646	7	37	form	form	NOUN
ct-9646	7	38	when	when	SCONJ
ct-9646	7	39	cattle	cattle	NOUN
ct-9646	7	40	consume	consume	VERB
ct-9646	7	41	high	high	ADJ
ct-9646	7	42	amounts	amount	NOUN
ct-9646	7	43	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	7	44	lush	lush	ADJ
ct-9646	7	45	clover	clover	NOUN
ct-9646	7	46	grass	grass	NOUN
ct-9646	7	47	or	or	CCONJ
ct-9646	7	48	alfalfa	alfalfa	PROPN
ct-9646	7	49	hay	hay	PROPN
ct-9646	7	50	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	8	1	medical	medical	ADJ
ct-9646	8	2	management	management	NOUN
ct-9646	8	3	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	8	4	rarely	rarely	ADV
ct-9646	8	5	successful	successful	ADJ
ct-9646	8	6	as	as	ADP
ct-9646	8	7	lone	lone	ADJ
ct-9646	8	8	treatment	treatment	NOUN
ct-9646	8	9	but	but	CCONJ
ct-9646	8	10	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	8	11	used	use	VERB
ct-9646	8	12	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	8	13	conjunction	conjunction	NOUN
ct-9646	8	14	with	with	ADP
ct-9646	8	15	a	a	DET
ct-9646	8	16	surgical	surgical	ADJ
ct-9646	8	17	procedure	procedure	NOUN
ct-9646	8	18	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	9	1	for	for	SCONJ
ct-9646	9	2	a	a	DET
ct-9646	9	3	bull	bull	NOUN
ct-9646	9	4	to	to	PART
ct-9646	9	5	return	return	VERB
ct-9646	9	6	to	to	ADP
ct-9646	9	7	reproductive	reproductive	ADJ
ct-9646	9	8	function	function	NOUN
ct-9646	9	9	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	9	10	the	the	DET
ct-9646	9	11	surgical	surgical	ADJ
ct-9646	9	12	procedure	procedure	NOUN
ct-9646	9	13	chosen	choose	VERB
ct-9646	9	14	must	must	AUX
ct-9646	9	15	leave	leave	VERB
ct-9646	9	16	the	the	DET
ct-9646	9	17	urethra	urethra	NOUN
ct-9646	9	18	intact	intact	ADJ
ct-9646	9	19	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	10	1	the	the	DET
ct-9646	10	2	two	two	NUM
ct-9646	10	3	procedures	procedure	NOUN
ct-9646	10	4	discussed	discuss	VERB
ct-9646	10	5	presently	presently	ADV
ct-9646	10	6	are	be	AUX
ct-9646	10	7	the	the	DET
ct-9646	10	8	ischial	ischial	ADJ
ct-9646	10	9	urethrostomy	urethrostomy	NOUN
ct-9646	10	10	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	10	11	tube	tube	NOUN
ct-9646	10	12	cystostomy	cystostomy	NOUN
ct-9646	10	13	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	11	1	keywords	keyword	NOUN
ct-9646	11	2	:	:	PUNCT
ct-9646	11	3	bovine	bovine	ADJ
ct-9646	11	4	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	11	5	urinary	urinary	ADJ
ct-9646	11	6	stones	stone	NOUN
ct-9646	11	7	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	11	8	ischial	ischial	ADJ
ct-9646	11	9	urethrostomy	urethrostomy	NOUN
ct-9646	11	10	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	11	11	tube	tube	NOUN
ct-9646	11	12	cystostomy	cystostomy	NOUN
ct-9646	11	13	introduction	introduction	NOUN
ct-9646	11	14	urolithiasis	urolithiasis	ADV
ct-9646	11	15	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	11	16	a	a	DET
ct-9646	11	17	condition	condition	NOUN
ct-9646	11	18	affecting	affect	VERB
ct-9646	11	19	most	most	ADJ
ct-9646	11	20	veterinary	veterinary	ADJ
ct-9646	11	21	species	specie	NOUN
ct-9646	11	22	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	11	23	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	11	24	a	a	DET
ct-9646	11	25	significant	significant	ADJ
ct-9646	11	26	economic	economic	ADJ
ct-9646	11	27	disease	disease	NOUN
ct-9646	11	28	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	11	29	ruminants	ruminant	NOUN
ct-9646	11	30	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	12	1	fatalities	fatality	NOUN
ct-9646	12	2	from	from	ADP
ct-9646	12	3	urolithiasis	urolithiasis	NOUN
ct-9646	12	4	have	have	AUX
ct-9646	12	5	been	be	AUX
ct-9646	12	6	reported	report	VERB
ct-9646	12	7	to	to	PART
ct-9646	12	8	range	range	VERB
ct-9646	12	9	from	from	ADP
ct-9646	12	10	3	3	NUM
ct-9646	12	11	to	to	ADP
ct-9646	12	12	20%.1,2	20%.1,2	NUM
ct-9646	12	13	urolithiasis	urolithiasis	NOUN
ct-9646	12	14	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	12	15	commonly	commonly	ADV
ct-9646	12	16	associated	associate	VERB
ct-9646	12	17	with	with	ADP
ct-9646	12	18	small	small	ADJ
ct-9646	12	19	ruminants	ruminant	NOUN
ct-9646	12	20	or	or	CCONJ
ct-9646	12	21	castrated	castrate	VERB
ct-9646	12	22	males	male	NOUN
ct-9646	12	23	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	12	24	all	all	DET
ct-9646	12	25	ruminants	ruminant	NOUN
ct-9646	12	26	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	12	27	but	but	CCONJ
ct-9646	12	28	stones	stone	NOUN
ct-9646	12	29	form	form	NOUN
ct-9646	12	30	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	12	31	several	several	ADJ
ct-9646	12	32	urinary	urinary	ADJ
ct-9646	12	33	environments	environment	NOUN
ct-9646	12	34	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	12	35	breeding	breeding	NOUN
ct-9646	12	36	bulls	bull	NOUN
ct-9646	12	37	can	can	AUX
ct-9646	12	38	develop	develop	VERB
ct-9646	12	39	this	this	DET
ct-9646	12	40	disease	disease	NOUN
ct-9646	12	41	as	as	ADV
ct-9646	12	42	well	well	ADV
ct-9646	12	43	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	13	1	this	this	DET
ct-9646	13	2	article	article	NOUN
ct-9646	13	3	will	will	AUX
ct-9646	13	4	focus	focus	VERB
ct-9646	13	5	on	on	ADP
ct-9646	13	6	diagnosis	diagnosis	NOUN
ct-9646	13	7	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	13	8	pathophysiology	pathophysiology	NOUN
ct-9646	13	9	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	13	10	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	13	11	treatment	treatment	NOUN
ct-9646	13	12	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	13	13	urolithiasis	urolithiasis	NOUN
ct-9646	13	14	for	for	ADP
ct-9646	13	15	bulls	bull	NOUN
ct-9646	13	16	intended	intend	VERB
ct-9646	13	17	to	to	PART
ct-9646	13	18	return	return	VERB
ct-9646	13	19	to	to	ADP
ct-9646	13	20	reproductive	reproductive	ADJ
ct-9646	13	21	function	function	NOUN
ct-9646	13	22	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	14	1	clinical	clinical	ADJ
ct-9646	14	2	signs	sign	NOUN
ct-9646	14	3	each	each	DET
ct-9646	14	4	case	case	NOUN
ct-9646	14	5	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	14	6	urolithiasis	urolithiasis	NOUN
ct-9646	14	7	can	can	AUX
ct-9646	14	8	present	present	VERB
ct-9646	14	9	with	with	ADP
ct-9646	14	10	different	different	ADJ
ct-9646	14	11	clinical	clinical	ADJ
ct-9646	14	12	signs	sign	NOUN
ct-9646	14	13	based	base	VERB
ct-9646	14	14	on	on	ADP
ct-9646	14	15	the	the	DET
ct-9646	14	16	chronicity	chronicity	NOUN
ct-9646	14	17	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	14	18	severity	severity	NOUN
ct-9646	14	19	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	14	20	the	the	DET
ct-9646	14	21	obstruction	obstruction	NOUN
ct-9646	14	22	(	(	PUNCT
ct-9646	14	23	figure	figure	NOUN
ct-9646	14	24	1	1	NUM
ct-9646	14	25	)	)	PUNCT
ct-9646	14	26	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	15	1	hemorrhage	hemorrhage	NOUN
ct-9646	15	2	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	15	3	necrosis	necrosis	NOUN
ct-9646	15	4	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	15	5	the	the	DET
ct-9646	15	6	urethral	urethral	ADJ
ct-9646	15	7	mucosa	mucosa	NOUN
ct-9646	15	8	are	be	AUX
ct-9646	15	9	evident	evident	ADJ
ct-9646	15	10	at	at	ADP
ct-9646	15	11	the	the	DET
ct-9646	15	12	site	site	NOUN
ct-9646	15	13	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	15	14	obstruction	obstruction	NOUN
ct-9646	15	15	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	15	16	but	but	CCONJ
ct-9646	15	17	the	the	DET
ct-9646	15	18	bladder	bladder	NOUN
ct-9646	15	19	will	will	AUX
ct-9646	15	20	also	also	ADV
ct-9646	15	21	show	show	VERB
ct-9646	15	22	signs	sign	NOUN
ct-9646	15	23	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	15	24	mucosal	mucosal	NOUN
ct-9646	15	25	trauma	trauma	NOUN
ct-9646	15	26	(	(	PUNCT
ct-9646	15	27	figure	figure	NOUN
ct-9646	15	28	2	2	NUM
ct-9646	15	29	)	)	PUNCT
ct-9646	15	30	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	16	1	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	16	2	cattle	cattle	NOUN
ct-9646	16	3	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	16	4	the	the	DET
ct-9646	16	5	most	most	ADV
ct-9646	16	6	common	common	ADJ
ct-9646	16	7	site	site	NOUN
ct-9646	16	8	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	16	9	obstruction	obstruction	NOUN
ct-9646	16	10	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	16	11	the	the	DET
ct-9646	16	12	distal	distal	ADJ
ct-9646	16	13	portion	portion	NOUN
ct-9646	16	14	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	16	15	the	the	DET
ct-9646	16	16	sigmoid	sigmoid	NOUN
ct-9646	16	17	flexure.3	flexure.3	ADP
ct-9646	16	18	cattle	cattle	NOUN
ct-9646	16	19	can	can	AUX
ct-9646	16	20	present	present	VERB
ct-9646	16	21	with	with	ADP
ct-9646	16	22	acute	acute	ADJ
ct-9646	16	23	colic	colic	NOUN
ct-9646	16	24	-	-	PUNCT
ct-9646	16	25	type	type	NOUN
ct-9646	16	26	symptoms	symptom	NOUN
ct-9646	16	27	including	include	VERB
ct-9646	16	28	bruxism	bruxism	NOUN
ct-9646	16	29	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	16	30	kicking	kicking	NOUN
ct-9646	16	31	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	16	32	the	the	DET
ct-9646	16	33	abdomen	abdomen	NOUN
ct-9646	16	34	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	16	35	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	16	36	a	a	DET
ct-9646	16	37	wide	wide	ADJ
ct-9646	16	38	base	base	NOUN
ct-9646	16	39	stance	stance	NOUN
ct-9646	16	40	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	17	1	an	an	DET
ct-9646	17	2	enlarged	enlarge	VERB
ct-9646	17	3	urinary	urinary	ADJ
ct-9646	17	4	bladder	bladder	NOUN
ct-9646	17	5	may	may	AUX
ct-9646	17	6	be	be	AUX
ct-9646	17	7	present	present	ADJ
ct-9646	17	8	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	17	9	upon	upon	SCONJ
ct-9646	17	10	rectal	rectal	ADJ
ct-9646	17	11	palpation	palpation	NOUN
ct-9646	17	12	urethral	urethral	ADJ
ct-9646	17	13	pulsations	pulsation	NOUN
ct-9646	17	14	can	can	AUX
ct-9646	17	15	be	be	AUX
ct-9646	17	16	observed	observe	VERB
ct-9646	17	17	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	18	1	urethral	urethral	ADJ
ct-9646	18	2	pulsations	pulsation	NOUN
ct-9646	18	3	can	can	AUX
ct-9646	18	4	also	also	ADV
ct-9646	18	5	be	be	AUX
ct-9646	18	6	palpated	palpate	VERB
ct-9646	18	7	just	just	ADV
ct-9646	18	8	below	below	ADP
ct-9646	18	9	the	the	DET
ct-9646	18	10	anus	anus	NOUN
ct-9646	18	11	on	on	ADP
ct-9646	18	12	midline	midline	NOUN
ct-9646	18	13	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	19	1	the	the	DET
ct-9646	19	2	chronicity	chronicity	NOUN
ct-9646	19	3	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	19	4	the	the	DET
ct-9646	19	5	obstruction	obstruction	NOUN
ct-9646	19	6	will	will	AUX
ct-9646	19	7	determine	determine	VERB
ct-9646	19	8	secondary	secondary	ADJ
ct-9646	19	9	effects	effect	NOUN
ct-9646	19	10	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	19	11	urolithiasis	urolithiasis	NOUN
ct-9646	19	12	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	19	13	such	such	ADJ
ct-9646	19	14	as	as	ADP
ct-9646	19	15	urethral	urethral	ADJ
ct-9646	19	16	rupture	rupture	NOUN
ct-9646	19	17	or	or	CCONJ
ct-9646	19	18	bladder	bladder	NOUN
ct-9646	19	19	rupture	rupture	NOUN
ct-9646	19	20	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	20	1	urethral	urethral	ADJ
ct-9646	20	2	rupture	rupture	NOUN
ct-9646	20	3	occurs	occur	VERB
ct-9646	20	4	at	at	ADP
ct-9646	20	5	the	the	DET
ct-9646	20	6	site	site	NOUN
ct-9646	20	7	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	20	8	the	the	DET
ct-9646	20	9	obstruction	obstruction	NOUN
ct-9646	20	10	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	20	11	predisposed	predispose	VERB
ct-9646	20	12	by	by	ADP
ct-9646	20	13	mucosal	mucosal	ADJ
ct-9646	20	14	hemorrhage	hemorrhage	NOUN
ct-9646	20	15	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	20	16	necrosis	necrosis	NOUN
ct-9646	20	17	caused	cause	VERB
ct-9646	20	18	by	by	ADP
ct-9646	20	19	the	the	DET
ct-9646	20	20	stone	stone	NOUN
ct-9646	20	21	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	21	1	urine	urine	NOUN
ct-9646	21	2	subsequently	subsequently	ADV
ct-9646	21	3	accumulates	accumulate	VERB
ct-9646	21	4	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	21	5	the	the	DET
ct-9646	21	6	subcutaneous	subcutaneous	ADJ
ct-9646	21	7	tissues	tissue	NOUN
ct-9646	21	8	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	21	9	commonly	commonly	ADV
ct-9646	21	10	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	21	11	the	the	DET
ct-9646	21	12	preputial	preputial	ADJ
ct-9646	21	13	region	region	NOUN
ct-9646	21	14	(	(	PUNCT
ct-9646	21	15	figure	figure	NOUN
ct-9646	21	16	3	3	NUM
ct-9646	21	17	)	)	PUNCT
ct-9646	21	18	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	22	1	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	22	2	cases	case	NOUN
ct-9646	22	3	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	22	4	bladder	bladder	NOUN
ct-9646	22	5	rupture	rupture	NOUN
ct-9646	22	6	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	22	7	the	the	DET
ct-9646	22	8	abdomen	abdomen	NOUN
ct-9646	22	9	can	can	AUX
ct-9646	22	10	be	be	AUX
ct-9646	22	11	enlarged	enlarge	VERB
ct-9646	22	12	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	22	13	filled	fill	VERB
ct-9646	22	14	with	with	ADP
ct-9646	22	15	large	large	ADJ
ct-9646	22	16	amounts	amount	NOUN
ct-9646	22	17	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	22	18	blood	blood	NOUN
ct-9646	22	19	-	-	PUNCT
ct-9646	22	20	tinged	tinge	VERB
ct-9646	22	21	fluid	fluid	NOUN
ct-9646	22	22	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	22	23	creating	create	VERB
ct-9646	22	24	a	a	DET
ct-9646	22	25	fluid	fluid	ADJ
ct-9646	22	26	wave	wave	NOUN
ct-9646	22	27	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	23	1	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	23	2	cases	case	NOUN
ct-9646	23	3	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	23	4	chronic	chronic	ADJ
ct-9646	23	5	urethral	urethral	ADJ
ct-9646	23	6	obstruction	obstruction	NOUN
ct-9646	23	7	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	23	8	hydronephrosis	hydronephrosis	NOUN
ct-9646	23	9	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	23	10	hydroureter	hydroureter	NOUN
ct-9646	23	11	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	23	12	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	23	13	bladder	bladder	NOUN
ct-9646	23	14	wall	wall	NOUN
ct-9646	23	15	hypertrophy	hypertrophy	NOUN
ct-9646	23	16	are	be	AUX
ct-9646	23	17	often	often	ADV
ct-9646	23	18	present	present	ADJ
ct-9646	23	19	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	24	1	pathophysiology	pathophysiology	NOUN
ct-9646	24	2	multiple	multiple	ADJ
ct-9646	24	3	factors	factor	NOUN
ct-9646	24	4	are	be	AUX
ct-9646	24	5	involved	involve	VERB
ct-9646	24	6	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	24	7	urolith	urolith	ADP
ct-9646	24	8	formation	formation	NOUN
ct-9646	24	9	;	;	PUNCT
ct-9646	24	10	however	however	ADV
ct-9646	24	11	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	24	12	a	a	DET
ct-9646	24	13	requirement	requirement	NOUN
ct-9646	24	14	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	24	15	high	high	ADJ
ct-9646	24	16	concentrations	concentration	NOUN
ct-9646	24	17	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	24	18	crystalloids	crystalloid	NOUN
ct-9646	24	19	that	that	PRON
ct-9646	24	20	aggregate	aggregate	VERB
ct-9646	24	21	to	to	PART
ct-9646	24	22	form	form	VERB
ct-9646	24	23	crystals.4	crystals.4	NOUN
ct-9646	24	24	urine	urine	NOUN
ct-9646	24	25	contains	contain	VERB
ct-9646	24	26	substances	substance	NOUN
ct-9646	24	27	that	that	PRON
ct-9646	24	28	act	act	VERB
ct-9646	24	29	as	as	ADP
ct-9646	24	30	inhibitors	inhibitor	NOUN
ct-9646	24	31	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	24	32	crystallization	crystallization	NOUN
ct-9646	24	33	(	(	PUNCT
ct-9646	24	34	mucopolysaccharides	mucopolysaccharide	NOUN
ct-9646	24	35	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	24	36	ions	ion	NOUN
ct-9646	24	37	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	24	38	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	24	39	organic	organic	ADJ
ct-9646	24	40	acids	acid	NOUN
ct-9646	24	41	)	)	PUNCT
ct-9646	24	42	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	24	43	but	but	CCONJ
ct-9646	24	44	when	when	SCONJ
ct-9646	24	45	urine	urine	NOUN
ct-9646	24	46	becomes	become	VERB
ct-9646	24	47	supersaturated	supersaturated	ADJ
ct-9646	24	48	with	with	ADP
ct-9646	24	49	crystalloids	crystalloid	NOUN
ct-9646	24	50	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	24	51	these	these	DET
ct-9646	24	52	inhibitors	inhibitor	NOUN
ct-9646	24	53	become	become	VERB
ct-9646	24	54	exceeded.4	exceeded.4	NOUN
ct-9646	24	55	the	the	DET
ct-9646	24	56	crystalloids	crystalloid	NOUN
ct-9646	24	57	are	be	AUX
ct-9646	24	58	no	no	ADV
ct-9646	24	59	longer	long	ADV
ct-9646	24	60	soluble	soluble	ADJ
ct-9646	24	61	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	24	62	the	the	DET
ct-9646	24	63	urine	urine	NOUN
ct-9646	24	64	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	24	65	form	form	NOUN
ct-9646	24	66	precipitates	precipitate	NOUN
ct-9646	24	67	(	(	PUNCT
ct-9646	24	68	i.e.	i.e.	X
ct-9646	24	69	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	24	70	supersaturation	supersaturation	NOUN
ct-9646	24	71	)	)	PUNCT
ct-9646	24	72	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	25	1	these	these	DET
ct-9646	25	2	precipitates	precipitate	NOUN
ct-9646	25	3	enlarge	enlarge	VERB
ct-9646	25	4	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	25	5	form	form	VERB
ct-9646	25	6	calculi	calculi	NOUN
ct-9646	25	7	as	as	SCONJ
ct-9646	25	8	more	more	ADJ
ct-9646	25	9	minerals	mineral	NOUN
ct-9646	25	10	become	become	VERB
ct-9646	25	11	insoluble	insoluble	ADJ
ct-9646	25	12	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	26	1	supersaturation	supersaturation	NOUN
ct-9646	26	2	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	26	3	the	the	DET
ct-9646	26	4	urine	urine	NOUN
ct-9646	26	5	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	26	6	not	not	PART
ct-9646	26	7	solely	solely	ADV
ct-9646	26	8	responsible	responsible	ADJ
ct-9646	26	9	for	for	ADP
ct-9646	26	10	stone	stone	NOUN
ct-9646	26	11	formation	formation	NOUN
ct-9646	26	12	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	27	1	all	all	DET
ct-9646	27	2	stones	stone	NOUN
ct-9646	27	3	increase	increase	VERB
ct-9646	27	4	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	27	5	occurrence	occurrence	NOUN
ct-9646	27	6	during	during	ADP
ct-9646	27	7	winter	winter	NOUN
ct-9646	27	8	months	month	NOUN
ct-9646	27	9	presumptively	presumptively	ADV
ct-9646	27	10	due	due	ADJ
ct-9646	27	11	to	to	ADP
ct-9646	27	12	decreased	decrease	VERB
ct-9646	27	13	water	water	NOUN
ct-9646	27	14	consumption.4	consumption.4	NOUN
ct-9646	27	15	dehydration	dehydration	NOUN
ct-9646	27	16	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	27	17	or	or	CCONJ
ct-9646	27	18	rather	rather	ADV
ct-9646	27	19	water	water	NOUN
ct-9646	27	20	deprivation	deprivation	NOUN
ct-9646	27	21	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	27	22	with	with	ADP
ct-9646	27	23	resultant	resultant	NOUN
ct-9646	27	24	concentration	concentration	NOUN
ct-9646	27	25	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	27	26	urinary	urinary	ADJ
ct-9646	27	27	minerals	mineral	NOUN
ct-9646	27	28	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	27	29	appears	appear	VERB
ct-9646	27	30	to	to	PART
ct-9646	27	31	be	be	AUX
ct-9646	27	32	a	a	DET
ct-9646	27	33	potential	potential	ADJ
ct-9646	27	34	contributing	contribute	VERB
ct-9646	27	35	factor	factor	NOUN
ct-9646	27	36	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	27	37	mailto:j.cowley@auburn.edu	mailto:j.cowley@auburn.edu	PROPN
ct-9646	27	38	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/	PRON
ct-9646	27	39	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/	PROPN
ct-9646	27	40	http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9646	http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9646	PROPN
ct-9646	27	41	6	6	NUM
ct-9646	27	42	citation	citation	NOUN
ct-9646	27	43	line	line	NOUN
ct-9646	27	44	:	:	PUNCT
ct-9646	27	45	clinical	clinical	ADJ
ct-9646	27	46	theriogenology	theriogenology	NOUN
ct-9646	27	47	2023	2023	NUM
ct-9646	27	48	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	27	49	15	15	NUM
ct-9646	27	50	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	27	51	9646	9646	NUM
ct-9646	27	52	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	27	53	http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9646	http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9646	VERB
ct-9646	27	54	the	the	DET
ct-9646	27	55	development	development	NOUN
ct-9646	27	56	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	27	57	all	all	DET
ct-9646	27	58	types	type	NOUN
ct-9646	27	59	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	27	60	uroliths.4,5	uroliths.4,5	NOUN
ct-9646	27	61	other	other	ADJ
ct-9646	27	62	less	less	ADV
ct-9646	27	63	common	common	ADJ
ct-9646	27	64	factors	factor	NOUN
ct-9646	27	65	that	that	PRON
ct-9646	27	66	have	have	AUX
ct-9646	27	67	been	be	AUX
ct-9646	27	68	reported	report	VERB
ct-9646	27	69	to	to	PART
ct-9646	27	70	increase	increase	VERB
ct-9646	27	71	urolith	urolith	DET
ct-9646	27	72	formation	formation	NOUN
ct-9646	27	73	include	include	VERB
ct-9646	27	74	hypovitaminosis	hypovitaminosis	NOUN
ct-9646	27	75	a	a	PRON
ct-9646	27	76	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	27	77	hypervitaminosis	hypervitaminosis	NOUN
ct-9646	27	78	d	d	NOUN
ct-9646	27	79	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	27	80	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	27	81	estrogenic	estrogenic	ADJ
ct-9646	27	82	intake.2,6,7	intake.2,6,7	CCONJ
ct-9646	27	83	exact	exact	ADJ
ct-9646	27	84	etiologies	etiology	NOUN
ct-9646	27	85	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	27	86	stone	stone	NOUN
ct-9646	27	87	formation	formation	NOUN
ct-9646	27	88	vary	vary	VERB
ct-9646	27	89	with	with	ADP
ct-9646	27	90	the	the	DET
ct-9646	27	91	type	type	NOUN
ct-9646	27	92	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	27	93	urolith	urolith	NOUN
ct-9646	27	94	formed	form	VERB
ct-9646	27	95	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	27	96	specific	specific	ADJ
ct-9646	27	97	predisposing	predispose	VERB
ct-9646	27	98	factors	factor	NOUN
ct-9646	27	99	are	be	AUX
ct-9646	27	100	listed	list	VERB
ct-9646	27	101	below	below	ADV
ct-9646	27	102	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	28	1	types	type	NOUN
ct-9646	28	2	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	28	3	stones	stone	NOUN
ct-9646	28	4	phosphatic	phosphatic	ADJ
ct-9646	28	5	calculi	calculi	PROPN
ct-9646	28	6	ruminants	ruminant	NOUN
ct-9646	28	7	consuming	consume	VERB
ct-9646	28	8	diets	diet	NOUN
ct-9646	28	9	with	with	ADP
ct-9646	28	10	high	high	ADJ
ct-9646	28	11	levels	level	NOUN
ct-9646	28	12	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	28	13	phosphorus	phosphorus	NOUN
ct-9646	28	14	(	(	PUNCT
ct-9646	28	15	almost	almost	ADV
ct-9646	28	16	all	all	PRON
ct-9646	28	17	grain	grain	NOUN
ct-9646	28	18	-	-	PUNCT
ct-9646	28	19	based	base	VERB
ct-9646	28	20	diets	diet	NOUN
ct-9646	28	21	)	)	PUNCT
ct-9646	28	22	are	be	AUX
ct-9646	28	23	prone	prone	ADJ
ct-9646	28	24	to	to	ADP
ct-9646	28	25	developing	develop	VERB
ct-9646	28	26	struvite	struvite	NOUN
ct-9646	28	27	(	(	PUNCT
ct-9646	28	28	magnesium	magnesium	NOUN
ct-9646	28	29	ammonium	ammonium	NOUN
ct-9646	28	30	phosphate	phosphate	NOUN
ct-9646	28	31	hexahydrate	hexahydrate	NOUN
ct-9646	28	32	)	)	PUNCT
ct-9646	28	33	or	or	CCONJ
ct-9646	28	34	apatite	apatite	NOUN
ct-9646	28	35	(	(	PUNCT
ct-9646	28	36	calcium	calcium	NOUN
ct-9646	28	37	phosphate	phosphate	NOUN
ct-9646	28	38	)	)	PUNCT
ct-9646	28	39	calculi	calculi	NOUN
ct-9646	28	40	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	29	1	it	it	PRON
ct-9646	29	2	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	29	3	unknown	unknown	ADJ
ct-9646	29	4	exactly	exactly	ADV
ct-9646	29	5	what	what	PRON
ct-9646	29	6	role	role	NOUN
ct-9646	29	7	phosphorus	phosphorus	NOUN
ct-9646	29	8	plays	play	VERB
ct-9646	29	9	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	29	10	urolith	urolith	ADP
ct-9646	29	11	formation	formation	NOUN
ct-9646	29	12	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	29	13	but	but	CCONJ
ct-9646	29	14	rations	ration	NOUN
ct-9646	29	15	where	where	SCONJ
ct-9646	29	16	the	the	DET
ct-9646	29	17	calcium	calcium	NOUN
ct-9646	29	18	to	to	ADP
ct-9646	29	19	phosphorus	phosphorus	NOUN
ct-9646	29	20	ratio	ratio	NOUN
ct-9646	29	21	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	29	22	less	less	ADJ
ct-9646	29	23	than	than	ADP
ct-9646	29	24	2:1	2:1	NUM
ct-9646	29	25	are	be	AUX
ct-9646	29	26	particularly	particularly	ADV
ct-9646	29	27	prone	prone	ADJ
ct-9646	29	28	to	to	PART
ct-9646	29	29	cause	cause	VERB
ct-9646	29	30	outbreaks	outbreak	NOUN
ct-9646	29	31	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	29	32	urolithiasis.4	urolithiasis.4	PROPN
ct-9646	29	33	struvite	struvite	NOUN
ct-9646	29	34	stones	stone	NOUN
ct-9646	29	35	appear	appear	VERB
ct-9646	29	36	to	to	PART
ct-9646	29	37	be	be	AUX
ct-9646	29	38	affected	affect	VERB
ct-9646	29	39	by	by	ADP
ct-9646	29	40	magnesium	magnesium	NOUN
ct-9646	29	41	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	29	42	other	other	ADJ
ct-9646	29	43	minerals	mineral	NOUN
ct-9646	29	44	present	present	ADJ
ct-9646	29	45	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	29	46	the	the	DET
ct-9646	29	47	diet	diet	NOUN
ct-9646	29	48	as	as	ADV
ct-9646	29	49	well	well	ADV
ct-9646	29	50	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	30	1	phosphatic	phosphatic	ADJ
ct-9646	30	2	calculi	calculi	PROPN
ct-9646	30	3	are	be	AUX
ct-9646	30	4	typically	typically	ADV
ct-9646	30	5	white	white	ADJ
ct-9646	30	6	or	or	CCONJ
ct-9646	30	7	gray	gray	ADJ
ct-9646	30	8	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	30	9	smooth	smooth	ADJ
ct-9646	30	10	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	30	11	radiopaque	radiopaque	NOUN
ct-9646	30	12	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	30	13	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	30	14	easily	easily	ADV
ct-9646	30	15	broken.4	broken.4	NOUN
ct-9646	30	16	silica	silica	NOUN
ct-9646	30	17	calculi	calculi	NOUN
ct-9646	30	18	these	these	DET
ct-9646	30	19	uroliths	urolith	NOUN
ct-9646	30	20	are	be	AUX
ct-9646	30	21	primarily	primarily	ADV
ct-9646	30	22	a	a	DET
ct-9646	30	23	problem	problem	NOUN
ct-9646	30	24	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	30	25	ruminants	ruminant	NOUN
ct-9646	30	26	grazing	graze	VERB
ct-9646	30	27	native	native	ADJ
ct-9646	30	28	rangeland	rangeland	NOUN
ct-9646	30	29	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	30	30	western	western	ADJ
ct-9646	30	31	north	north	ADJ
ct-9646	30	32	america.6	america.6	PROPN
ct-9646	30	33	unpolymerized	unpolymerized	ADJ
ct-9646	30	34	silicic	silicic	NOUN
ct-9646	30	35	acid	acid	NOUN
ct-9646	30	36	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	30	37	dissolved	dissolve	VERB
ct-9646	30	38	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	30	39	ruminal	ruminal	ADJ
ct-9646	30	40	fluid	fluid	NOUN
ct-9646	30	41	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	30	42	the	the	DET
ct-9646	30	43	grazing	grazing	NOUN
ct-9646	30	44	animal	animal	NOUN
ct-9646	30	45	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	30	46	absorbed	absorb	VERB
ct-9646	30	47	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	30	48	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	30	49	excreted	excrete	VERB
ct-9646	30	50	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	30	51	urine	urine	NOUN
ct-9646	30	52	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	31	1	cattle	cattle	NOUN
ct-9646	31	2	on	on	ADP
ct-9646	31	3	rangeland	rangeland	NOUN
ct-9646	31	4	typically	typically	ADV
ct-9646	31	5	have	have	VERB
ct-9646	31	6	intermittent	intermittent	ADJ
ct-9646	31	7	access	access	NOUN
ct-9646	31	8	to	to	ADP
ct-9646	31	9	water	water	NOUN
ct-9646	31	10	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	31	11	resulting	result	VERB
ct-9646	31	12	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	31	13	periods	period	NOUN
ct-9646	31	14	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	31	15	water	water	NOUN
ct-9646	31	16	deprivation	deprivation	NOUN
ct-9646	31	17	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	31	18	leading	lead	VERB
ct-9646	31	19	to	to	ADP
ct-9646	31	20	formation	formation	NOUN
ct-9646	31	21	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	31	22	highly	highly	ADV
ct-9646	31	23	concentrated	concentrated	ADJ
ct-9646	31	24	urine	urine	NOUN
ct-9646	31	25	at	at	ADP
ct-9646	31	26	times	time	NOUN
ct-9646	31	27	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	32	1	4	4	NUM
ct-9646	32	2	calculi	calculi	NOUN
ct-9646	32	3	develop	develop	VERB
ct-9646	32	4	as	as	SCONJ
ct-9646	32	5	silicic	silicic	NOUN
ct-9646	32	6	acid	acid	NOUN
ct-9646	32	7	concentrates	concentrate	VERB
ct-9646	32	8	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	32	9	polymerizes	polymerize	VERB
ct-9646	32	10	to	to	ADP
ct-9646	32	11	polysilicic	polysilicic	PROPN
ct-9646	32	12	acid.4	acid.4	ADV
ct-9646	32	13	urine	urine	NOUN
ct-9646	32	14	ph	ph	NOUN
ct-9646	32	15	does	do	AUX
ct-9646	32	16	not	not	PART
ct-9646	32	17	alter	alter	VERB
ct-9646	32	18	silica	silica	NOUN
ct-9646	32	19	urolith	urolith	NOUN
ct-9646	32	20	formation	formation	NOUN
ct-9646	32	21	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	33	1	silica	silica	NOUN
ct-9646	33	2	uroliths	urolith	NOUN
ct-9646	33	3	are	be	AUX
ct-9646	33	4	hard	hard	ADJ
ct-9646	33	5	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	33	6	smooth	smooth	ADJ
ct-9646	33	7	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	33	8	white	white	ADJ
ct-9646	33	9	to	to	PART
ct-9646	33	10	brown	brown	VERB
ct-9646	33	11	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	33	12	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	33	13	radiopaque.4	radiopaque.4	PROPN
ct-9646	33	14	calcium	calcium	NOUN
ct-9646	33	15	-	-	PUNCT
ct-9646	33	16	based	base	VERB
ct-9646	33	17	calculi	calculi	NOUN
ct-9646	33	18	the	the	DET
ct-9646	33	19	two	two	NUM
ct-9646	33	20	primary	primary	ADJ
ct-9646	33	21	types	type	NOUN
ct-9646	33	22	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	33	23	calcium	calcium	NOUN
ct-9646	33	24	-	-	PUNCT
ct-9646	33	25	based	base	VERB
ct-9646	33	26	calculi	calculi	NOUN
ct-9646	33	27	observed	observe	VERB
ct-9646	33	28	are	be	AUX
ct-9646	33	29	calcium	calcium	NOUN
ct-9646	33	30	carbonate	carbonate	NOUN
ct-9646	33	31	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	33	32	calcium	calcium	NOUN
ct-9646	33	33	oxalate	oxalate	NOUN
ct-9646	33	34	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	34	1	calcium	calcium	NOUN
ct-9646	34	2	carbonate	carbonate	NOUN
ct-9646	34	3	uroliths	urolith	NOUN
ct-9646	34	4	form	form	NOUN
ct-9646	34	5	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	34	6	small	small	ADJ
ct-9646	34	7	ruminants	ruminant	NOUN
ct-9646	34	8	grazing	graze	VERB
ct-9646	34	9	lush	lush	NOUN
ct-9646	34	10	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	34	11	clover	clover	NOUN
ct-9646	34	12	pastures	pasture	NOUN
ct-9646	34	13	or	or	CCONJ
ct-9646	34	14	fed	feed	VERB
ct-9646	34	15	high	high	ADJ
ct-9646	34	16	amounts	amount	NOUN
ct-9646	34	17	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	34	18	alfalfa	alfalfa	PROPN
ct-9646	34	19	hay	hay	PROPN
ct-9646	34	20	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	35	1	these	these	DET
ct-9646	35	2	stones	stone	NOUN
ct-9646	35	3	are	be	AUX
ct-9646	35	4	round	round	ADJ
ct-9646	35	5	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	35	6	smooth	smooth	ADJ
ct-9646	35	7	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	35	8	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	35	9	copper	copper	NOUN
ct-9646	35	10	colored.4	colored.4	PROPN
ct-9646	35	11	calcium	calcium	NOUN
ct-9646	35	12	oxalate	oxalate	NOUN
ct-9646	35	13	crystals	crystal	NOUN
ct-9646	35	14	are	be	AUX
ct-9646	35	15	often	often	ADV
ct-9646	35	16	present	present	ADJ
ct-9646	35	17	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	35	18	normal	normal	ADJ
ct-9646	35	19	urine	urine	NOUN
ct-9646	35	20	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	35	21	but	but	CCONJ
ct-9646	35	22	form	form	NOUN
ct-9646	35	23	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	35	24	low	low	ADJ
ct-9646	35	25	calcium	calcium	NOUN
ct-9646	35	26	diets	diet	NOUN
ct-9646	35	27	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	35	28	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	35	29	periods	period	NOUN
ct-9646	35	30	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	35	31	decreased	decrease	VERB
ct-9646	35	32	water	water	NOUN
ct-9646	35	33	intake	intake	NOUN
ct-9646	35	34	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	36	1	oxalate	oxalate	NOUN
ct-9646	36	2	stones	stone	NOUN
ct-9646	36	3	are	be	AUX
ct-9646	36	4	dense	dense	ADJ
ct-9646	36	5	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	36	6	hard	hard	ADJ
ct-9646	36	7	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	36	8	white	white	ADJ
ct-9646	36	9	to	to	PART
ct-9646	36	10	yellow	yellow	VERB
ct-9646	36	11	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	36	12	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	36	13	smooth	smooth	ADJ
ct-9646	36	14	or	or	CCONJ
ct-9646	36	15	jagged.4	jagged.4	PROPN
ct-9646	36	16	calcium	calcium	NOUN
ct-9646	36	17	based	base	VERB
ct-9646	36	18	calculi	calculi	PROPN
ct-9646	36	19	are	be	AUX
ct-9646	36	20	less	less	ADV
ct-9646	36	21	commonly	commonly	ADV
ct-9646	36	22	observed	observe	VERB
ct-9646	36	23	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	36	24	cattle	cattle	NOUN
ct-9646	36	25	compared	compare	VERB
ct-9646	36	26	to	to	ADP
ct-9646	36	27	small	small	ADJ
ct-9646	36	28	ruminants.1,7	ruminants.1,7	PROPN
ct-9646	36	29	stone	stone	NOUN
ct-9646	36	30	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ct-9646	36	31	the	the	DET
ct-9646	36	32	type	type	NOUN
ct-9646	36	33	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	36	34	urolith	urolith	NOUN
ct-9646	36	35	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	36	36	presumptively	presumptively	ADV
ct-9646	36	37	identified	identify	VERB
ct-9646	36	38	based	base	VERB
ct-9646	36	39	on	on	ADP
ct-9646	36	40	outward	outward	ADJ
ct-9646	36	41	physical	physical	ADJ
ct-9646	36	42	characters	character	NOUN
ct-9646	36	43	such	such	ADJ
ct-9646	36	44	as	as	ADP
ct-9646	36	45	shape	shape	NOUN
ct-9646	36	46	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	36	47	color	color	NOUN
ct-9646	36	48	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	36	49	as	as	ADP
ct-9646	36	50	described	describe	VERB
ct-9646	36	51	above.7	above.7	NOUN
ct-9646	36	52	since	since	SCONJ
ct-9646	36	53	there	there	PRON
ct-9646	36	54	is	be	VERB
ct-9646	36	55	overlap	overlap	NOUN
ct-9646	36	56	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	36	57	the	the	DET
ct-9646	36	58	gross	gross	ADJ
ct-9646	36	59	appearance	appearance	NOUN
ct-9646	36	60	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	36	61	a	a	DET
ct-9646	36	62	urolith	urolith	NOUN
ct-9646	36	63	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	36	64	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	36	65	most	most	ADJ
ct-9646	36	66	stones	stone	NOUN
ct-9646	36	67	are	be	AUX
ct-9646	36	68	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	36	69	mixed	mixed	ADJ
ct-9646	36	70	composition	composition	NOUN
ct-9646	36	71	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	36	72	it	it	PRON
ct-9646	36	73	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	36	74	helpful	helpful	ADJ
ct-9646	36	75	for	for	SCONJ
ct-9646	36	76	chemical	chemical	ADJ
ct-9646	36	77	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ct-9646	36	78	to	to	PART
ct-9646	36	79	be	be	AUX
ct-9646	36	80	performed	perform	VERB
ct-9646	36	81	on	on	ADP
ct-9646	36	82	collected	collect	VERB
ct-9646	36	83	stones	stone	NOUN
ct-9646	36	84	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	37	1	determination	determination	NOUN
ct-9646	37	2	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	37	3	the	the	DET
ct-9646	37	4	composition	composition	NOUN
ct-9646	37	5	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	37	6	uroliths	urolith	NOUN
ct-9646	37	7	collected	collect	VERB
ct-9646	37	8	at	at	ADP
ct-9646	37	9	time	time	NOUN
ct-9646	37	10	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	37	11	surgery	surgery	NOUN
ct-9646	37	12	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	37	13	used	use	VERB
ct-9646	37	14	for	for	ADP
ct-9646	37	15	herd	herd	NOUN
ct-9646	37	16	management	management	NOUN
ct-9646	37	17	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	37	18	prevention	prevention	NOUN
ct-9646	37	19	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	37	20	future	future	ADJ
ct-9646	37	21	cases.4	cases.4	PROPN
ct-9646	37	22	uroliths	urolith	NOUN
ct-9646	37	23	may	may	AUX
ct-9646	37	24	be	be	AUX
ct-9646	37	25	submitted	submit	VERB
ct-9646	37	26	to	to	ADP
ct-9646	37	27	a	a	DET
ct-9646	37	28	number	number	NOUN
ct-9646	37	29	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	37	30	diagnostic	diagnostic	ADJ
ct-9646	37	31	labs	lab	NOUN
ct-9646	37	32	for	for	ADP
ct-9646	37	33	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ct-9646	37	34	(	(	PUNCT
ct-9646	37	35	minnesota	minnesota	PROPN
ct-9646	37	36	urolith	urolith	PROPN
ct-9646	37	37	center	center	PROPN
ct-9646	37	38	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	37	39	university	university	PROPN
ct-9646	37	40	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	37	41	minnesota	minnesota	PROPN
ct-9646	37	42	college	college	PROPN
ct-9646	37	43	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	37	44	veterinary	veterinary	ADJ
ct-9646	37	45	medicine	medicine	NOUN
ct-9646	37	46	or	or	CCONJ
ct-9646	37	47	g.v	g.v	PROPN
ct-9646	37	48	.	.	PROPN
ct-9646	37	49	ling	ling	PROPN
ct-9646	37	50	urinary	urinary	ADJ
ct-9646	37	51	stone	stone	NOUN
ct-9646	37	52	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ct-9646	37	53	laboratory	laboratory	NOUN
ct-9646	37	54	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	37	55	uc	uc	PROPN
ct-9646	37	56	davis	davis	PROPN
ct-9646	37	57	school	school	PROPN
ct-9646	37	58	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	37	59	veterinary	veterinary	ADJ
ct-9646	37	60	medicine	medicine	NOUN
ct-9646	37	61	)	)	PUNCT
ct-9646	37	62	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	38	1	figure	figure	NOUN
ct-9646	38	2	1	1	NUM
ct-9646	38	3	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	39	1	urethral	urethral	ADJ
ct-9646	39	2	calculi	calculi	NOUN
ct-9646	39	3	visible	visible	ADJ
ct-9646	39	4	on	on	ADP
ct-9646	39	5	preputial	preputial	ADJ
ct-9646	39	6	hairs	hair	NOUN
ct-9646	39	7	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	40	1	figure	figure	NOUN
ct-9646	40	2	2	2	NUM
ct-9646	40	3	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	40	4	bladder	bladder	NOUN
ct-9646	40	5	mucosal	mucosal	NOUN
ct-9646	40	6	trauma	trauma	NOUN
ct-9646	40	7	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	41	1	picture	picture	NOUN
ct-9646	41	2	courtesy	courtesy	NOUN
ct-9646	41	3	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	41	4	department	department	NOUN
ct-9646	41	5	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	41	6	pathobiology	pathobiology	NOUN
ct-9646	41	7	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	41	8	auburn	auburn	NOUN
ct-9646	41	9	university	university	PROPN
ct-9646	41	10	veterinary	veterinary	ADJ
ct-9646	41	11	teaching	teaching	NOUN
ct-9646	41	12	hospital	hospital	NOUN
ct-9646	41	13	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	42	1	figure	figure	NOUN
ct-9646	42	2	3	3	NUM
ct-9646	42	3	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	43	1	subcutaneous	subcutaneous	ADJ
ct-9646	43	2	swelling	swelling	NOUN
ct-9646	43	3	due	due	ADP
ct-9646	43	4	to	to	ADP
ct-9646	43	5	urine	urine	NOUN
ct-9646	43	6	accumulation	accumulation	NOUN
ct-9646	43	7	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	43	8	the	the	DET
ct-9646	43	9	prescrotal	prescrotal	ADJ
ct-9646	43	10	region	region	NOUN
ct-9646	43	11	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	44	1	http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9646	http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9646	PROPN
ct-9646	44	2	citation	citation	PROPN
ct-9646	44	3	line	line	NOUN
ct-9646	44	4	:	:	PUNCT
ct-9646	44	5	clinical	clinical	ADJ
ct-9646	44	6	theriogenology	theriogenology	NOUN
ct-9646	44	7	2023	2023	NUM
ct-9646	44	8	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	44	9	15	15	NUM
ct-9646	44	10	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	44	11	9646	9646	NUM
ct-9646	44	12	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	44	13	http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9646	http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9646	NOUN
ct-9646	44	14	7	7	NUM
ct-9646	44	15	treatment	treatment	NOUN
ct-9646	44	16	most	most	ADJ
ct-9646	44	17	cases	case	NOUN
ct-9646	44	18	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	44	19	urethral	urethral	ADJ
ct-9646	44	20	obstruction	obstruction	NOUN
ct-9646	44	21	will	will	AUX
ct-9646	44	22	need	need	VERB
ct-9646	44	23	to	to	PART
ct-9646	44	24	be	be	AUX
ct-9646	44	25	corrected	correct	VERB
ct-9646	44	26	by	by	ADP
ct-9646	44	27	surgical	surgical	ADJ
ct-9646	44	28	intervention.5	intervention.5	PROPN
ct-9646	44	29	patients	patient	NOUN
ct-9646	44	30	often	often	ADV
ct-9646	44	31	develop	develop	VERB
ct-9646	44	32	dehydration	dehydration	NOUN
ct-9646	44	33	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	44	34	severe	severe	ADJ
ct-9646	44	35	electrolyte	electrolyte	ADJ
ct-9646	44	36	abnormalities	abnormality	NOUN
ct-9646	44	37	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	44	38	especially	especially	ADV
ct-9646	44	39	if	if	SCONJ
ct-9646	44	40	bladder	bladder	NOUN
ct-9646	44	41	rupture	rupture	NOUN
ct-9646	44	42	has	have	AUX
ct-9646	44	43	occurred	occur	VERB
ct-9646	44	44	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	44	45	indicating	indicate	VERB
ct-9646	44	46	the	the	DET
ct-9646	44	47	need	need	NOUN
ct-9646	44	48	for	for	ADP
ct-9646	44	49	medical	medical	ADJ
ct-9646	44	50	therapy	therapy	NOUN
ct-9646	44	51	no	no	ADV
ct-9646	44	52	matter	matter	ADV
ct-9646	44	53	the	the	DET
ct-9646	44	54	treatment	treatment	NOUN
ct-9646	44	55	option	option	NOUN
ct-9646	44	56	chosen.7,8	chosen.7,8	NOUN
ct-9646	44	57	a	a	DET
ct-9646	44	58	combination	combination	NOUN
ct-9646	44	59	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	44	60	surgical	surgical	ADJ
ct-9646	44	61	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	44	62	medical	medical	ADJ
ct-9646	44	63	management	management	NOUN
ct-9646	44	64	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	44	65	often	often	ADV
ct-9646	44	66	needed	need	VERB
ct-9646	44	67	to	to	PART
ct-9646	44	68	ensure	ensure	VERB
ct-9646	44	69	a	a	DET
ct-9646	44	70	good	good	ADJ
ct-9646	44	71	prognosis	prognosis	NOUN
ct-9646	44	72	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	44	73	return	return	VERB
ct-9646	44	74	to	to	ADP
ct-9646	44	75	breeding	breed	VERB
ct-9646	44	76	capacity.5	capacity.5	ADJ
ct-9646	44	77	medical	medical	ADJ
ct-9646	44	78	management	management	NOUN
ct-9646	44	79	very	very	ADV
ct-9646	44	80	few	few	ADJ
ct-9646	44	81	cases	case	NOUN
ct-9646	44	82	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	44	83	urethral	urethral	ADJ
ct-9646	44	84	obstruction	obstruction	NOUN
ct-9646	44	85	can	can	AUX
ct-9646	44	86	be	be	AUX
ct-9646	44	87	corrected	correct	VERB
ct-9646	44	88	by	by	ADP
ct-9646	44	89	medical	medical	ADJ
ct-9646	44	90	management	management	NOUN
ct-9646	44	91	alone	alone	ADV
ct-9646	44	92	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	45	1	medical	medical	ADJ
ct-9646	45	2	management	management	NOUN
ct-9646	45	3	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	45	4	aimed	aim	VERB
ct-9646	45	5	at	at	ADP
ct-9646	45	6	relief	relief	NOUN
ct-9646	45	7	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	45	8	the	the	DET
ct-9646	45	9	obstruction	obstruction	NOUN
ct-9646	45	10	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	45	11	correction	correction	NOUN
ct-9646	45	12	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	45	13	electrolyte	electrolyte	ADJ
ct-9646	45	14	abnormalities	abnormality	NOUN
ct-9646	45	15	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	46	1	certain	certain	ADJ
ct-9646	46	2	phenothiazine	phenothiazine	NOUN
ct-9646	46	3	tranquilizers	tranquilizer	NOUN
ct-9646	46	4	can	can	AUX
ct-9646	46	5	have	have	VERB
ct-9646	46	6	antispasmodic	antispasmodic	ADJ
ct-9646	46	7	effects	effect	NOUN
ct-9646	46	8	on	on	ADP
ct-9646	46	9	the	the	DET
ct-9646	46	10	tunica	tunica	PROPN
ct-9646	46	11	albuginea	albuginea	NOUN
ct-9646	46	12	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	46	13	straightening	straightening	NOUN
ct-9646	46	14	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	46	15	the	the	DET
ct-9646	46	16	sigmoid	sigmoid	NOUN
ct-9646	46	17	flexure	flexure	NOUN
ct-9646	46	18	aiding	aid	VERB
ct-9646	46	19	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	46	20	passage	passage	NOUN
ct-9646	46	21	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	46	22	urethral	urethral	ADJ
ct-9646	46	23	stones.3,9	stones.3,9	ADJ
ct-9646	46	24	acepromazine	acepromazine	NOUN
ct-9646	46	25	(	(	PUNCT
ct-9646	46	26	acepromazine	acepromazine	NOUN
ct-9646	46	27	injection	injection	NOUN
ct-9646	46	28	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	46	29	vetone	vetone	PROPN
ct-9646	46	30	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	46	31	mwi	mwi	PROPN
ct-9646	46	32	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	46	33	boise	boise	PROPN
ct-9646	46	34	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	46	35	i	i	PROPN
ct-9646	46	36	d	d	PROPN
ct-9646	46	37	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	46	38	0.05–0.1	0.05–0.1	SYM
ct-9646	46	39	milligram	milligram	PROPN
ct-9646	46	40	/	/	SYM
ct-9646	46	41	kilogram	kilogram	PROPN
ct-9646	46	42	(	(	PUNCT
ct-9646	46	43	mg	mg	PROPN
ct-9646	46	44	/	/	SYM
ct-9646	46	45	kg	kg	NOUN
ct-9646	46	46	)	)	PUNCT
ct-9646	46	47	intravenous	intravenous	ADJ
ct-9646	46	48	(	(	PUNCT
ct-9646	46	49	iv	iv	NOUN
ct-9646	46	50	)	)	PUNCT
ct-9646	46	51	or	or	CCONJ
ct-9646	46	52	intramuscular	intramuscular	ADJ
ct-9646	46	53	(	(	PUNCT
ct-9646	46	54	i	i	NOUN
ct-9646	46	55	m	m	PROPN
ct-9646	46	56	)	)	PUNCT
ct-9646	46	57	)	)	PUNCT
ct-9646	46	58	has	have	AUX
ct-9646	46	59	been	be	AUX
ct-9646	46	60	used	use	VERB
ct-9646	46	61	for	for	ADP
ct-9646	46	62	this	this	DET
ct-9646	46	63	purpose	purpose	NOUN
ct-9646	46	64	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	46	65	but	but	CCONJ
ct-9646	46	66	its	its	PRON
ct-9646	46	67	efficacy	efficacy	NOUN
ct-9646	46	68	has	have	AUX
ct-9646	46	69	not	not	PART
ct-9646	46	70	been	be	AUX
ct-9646	46	71	proven.10,11	proven.10,11	NOUN
ct-9646	46	72	alpha-2	alpha-2	NUM
ct-9646	46	73	adrenergic	adrenergic	ADJ
ct-9646	46	74	agonists	agonist	NOUN
ct-9646	46	75	(	(	PUNCT
ct-9646	46	76	anased	anase	VERB
ct-9646	46	77	®	®	NOUN
ct-9646	46	78	20	20	NUM
ct-9646	46	79	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	46	80	xylazine	xylazine	NOUN
ct-9646	46	81	injection	injection	NOUN
ct-9646	46	82	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	46	83	akorn	akorn	PROPN
ct-9646	46	84	animal	animal	NOUN
ct-9646	46	85	health	health	NOUN
ct-9646	46	86	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	46	87	lake	lake	PROPN
ct-9646	46	88	forest	forest	PROPN
ct-9646	46	89	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	46	90	il	il	PROPN
ct-9646	46	91	)	)	PUNCT
ct-9646	46	92	should	should	AUX
ct-9646	46	93	not	not	PART
ct-9646	46	94	be	be	AUX
ct-9646	46	95	used	use	VERB
ct-9646	46	96	due	due	ADP
ct-9646	46	97	to	to	ADP
ct-9646	46	98	their	their	PRON
ct-9646	46	99	diuretic	diuretic	ADJ
ct-9646	46	100	effect.12	effect.12	NOUN
ct-9646	46	101	non	non	ADJ
ct-9646	46	102	-	-	ADJ
ct-9646	46	103	steroidal	steroidal	ADJ
ct-9646	46	104	anti	anti	ADJ
ct-9646	46	105	-	-	NOUN
ct-9646	46	106	inflammatories	inflammatorie	NOUN
ct-9646	46	107	are	be	AUX
ct-9646	46	108	beneficial	beneficial	ADJ
ct-9646	46	109	for	for	ADP
ct-9646	46	110	patient	patient	ADJ
ct-9646	46	111	recovery	recovery	NOUN
ct-9646	46	112	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	47	1	irritated	irritated	ADJ
ct-9646	47	2	urinary	urinary	ADJ
ct-9646	47	3	tract	tract	NOUN
ct-9646	47	4	mucosa.11	mucosa.11	ADJ
ct-9646	47	5	patients	patient	NOUN
ct-9646	47	6	with	with	ADP
ct-9646	47	7	uroperitoneum	uroperitoneum	NOUN
ct-9646	47	8	often	often	ADV
ct-9646	47	9	require	require	VERB
ct-9646	47	10	preoperative	preoperative	ADJ
ct-9646	47	11	stabilization	stabilization	NOUN
ct-9646	47	12	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	47	13	hypovolemia	hypovolemia	NOUN
ct-9646	47	14	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	47	15	correction	correction	NOUN
ct-9646	47	16	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	47	17	electrolyte	electrolyte	NOUN
ct-9646	47	18	abnormalities	abnormality	NOUN
ct-9646	47	19	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	48	1	initial	initial	ADJ
ct-9646	48	2	boluses	bolus	NOUN
ct-9646	48	3	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	48	4	hypertonic	hypertonic	ADJ
ct-9646	48	5	saline	saline	NOUN
ct-9646	48	6	followed	follow	VERB
ct-9646	48	7	by	by	ADP
ct-9646	48	8	physiologic	physiologic	ADJ
ct-9646	48	9	saline	saline	NOUN
ct-9646	48	10	can	can	AUX
ct-9646	48	11	be	be	AUX
ct-9646	48	12	used	use	VERB
ct-9646	48	13	to	to	PART
ct-9646	48	14	correct	correct	VERB
ct-9646	48	15	volume	volume	NOUN
ct-9646	48	16	deficits	deficit	NOUN
ct-9646	48	17	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	48	18	hyponatremia	hyponatremia	PROPN
ct-9646	48	19	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	49	1	obstructed	obstruct	VERB
ct-9646	49	2	patients	patient	NOUN
ct-9646	49	3	should	should	AUX
ct-9646	49	4	not	not	PART
ct-9646	49	5	be	be	AUX
ct-9646	49	6	supplemented	supplement	VERB
ct-9646	49	7	with	with	ADP
ct-9646	49	8	potassium	potassium	NOUN
ct-9646	49	9	since	since	SCONJ
ct-9646	49	10	many	many	ADJ
ct-9646	49	11	patients	patient	NOUN
ct-9646	49	12	are	be	AUX
ct-9646	49	13	already	already	ADV
ct-9646	49	14	suffering	suffer	VERB
ct-9646	49	15	from	from	ADP
ct-9646	49	16	hyperkalemia.11	hyperkalemia.11	PROPN
ct-9646	49	17	hyperkalemia	hyperkalemia	NOUN
ct-9646	49	18	can	can	AUX
ct-9646	49	19	induce	induce	VERB
ct-9646	49	20	bradycardia	bradycardia	NOUN
ct-9646	49	21	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	49	22	fatal	fatal	ADJ
ct-9646	49	23	cardiac	cardiac	ADJ
ct-9646	49	24	arrthymias.4	arrthymias.4	NOUN
ct-9646	49	25	severe	severe	ADJ
ct-9646	49	26	elevations	elevation	NOUN
ct-9646	49	27	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	49	28	potassium	potassium	NOUN
ct-9646	49	29	can	can	AUX
ct-9646	49	30	be	be	AUX
ct-9646	49	31	corrected	correct	VERB
ct-9646	49	32	by	by	ADP
ct-9646	49	33	administration	administration	NOUN
ct-9646	49	34	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	49	35	dextrose	dextrose	NOUN
ct-9646	49	36	50	50	NUM
ct-9646	49	37	%	%	NOUN
ct-9646	49	38	(	(	PUNCT
ct-9646	49	39	dextrose	dextrose	NOUN
ct-9646	49	40	50	50	NUM
ct-9646	49	41	%	%	NOUN
ct-9646	49	42	injection	injection	NOUN
ct-9646	49	43	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	49	44	vetone	vetone	PROPN
ct-9646	49	45	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	49	46	mwi	mwi	PROPN
ct-9646	49	47	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	49	48	boise	boise	PROPN
ct-9646	49	49	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	49	50	id).4	id).4	NOUN
ct-9646	49	51	slow	slow	ADJ
ct-9646	49	52	drainage	drainage	NOUN
ct-9646	49	53	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	49	54	fluid	fluid	NOUN
ct-9646	49	55	from	from	ADP
ct-9646	49	56	the	the	DET
ct-9646	49	57	abdomen	abdomen	NOUN
ct-9646	49	58	reduces	reduce	VERB
ct-9646	49	59	pressure	pressure	NOUN
ct-9646	49	60	on	on	ADP
ct-9646	49	61	the	the	DET
ct-9646	49	62	diaphragm	diaphragm	NOUN
ct-9646	49	63	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	49	64	slows	slow	VERB
ct-9646	49	65	progression	progression	NOUN
ct-9646	49	66	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	49	67	metabolic	metabolic	NOUN
ct-9646	49	68	derangements	derangement	NOUN
ct-9646	49	69	caused	cause	VERB
ct-9646	49	70	by	by	ADP
ct-9646	49	71	uroperitoneum	uroperitoneum	NOUN
ct-9646	49	72	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	50	1	acute	acute	ADJ
ct-9646	50	2	renal	renal	ADJ
ct-9646	50	3	failure	failure	NOUN
ct-9646	50	4	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	50	5	an	an	DET
ct-9646	50	6	occasional	occasional	ADJ
ct-9646	50	7	sequela	sequela	NOUN
ct-9646	50	8	to	to	ADP
ct-9646	50	9	urethral	urethral	ADJ
ct-9646	50	10	obstruction	obstruction	NOUN
ct-9646	50	11	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	50	12	should	should	AUX
ct-9646	50	13	be	be	AUX
ct-9646	50	14	taken	take	VERB
ct-9646	50	15	into	into	ADP
ct-9646	50	16	consideration	consideration	NOUN
ct-9646	50	17	during	during	ADP
ct-9646	50	18	physical	physical	ADJ
ct-9646	50	19	exam	exam	NOUN
ct-9646	50	20	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	50	21	bloodwork	bloodwork	NOUN
ct-9646	50	22	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
ct-9646	50	23	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	51	1	depending	depend	VERB
ct-9646	51	2	on	on	ADP
ct-9646	51	3	the	the	DET
ct-9646	51	4	composition	composition	NOUN
ct-9646	51	5	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	51	6	the	the	DET
ct-9646	51	7	urinary	urinary	ADJ
ct-9646	51	8	stone	stone	NOUN
ct-9646	51	9	present	present	ADJ
ct-9646	51	10	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	51	11	acidification	acidification	NOUN
ct-9646	51	12	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	51	13	the	the	DET
ct-9646	51	14	urine	urine	NOUN
ct-9646	51	15	can	can	AUX
ct-9646	51	16	result	result	VERB
ct-9646	51	17	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	51	18	breakdown	breakdown	NOUN
ct-9646	51	19	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	51	20	the	the	DET
ct-9646	51	21	stones	stone	NOUN
ct-9646	51	22	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	52	1	phosphatic	phosphatic	ADJ
ct-9646	52	2	calculi	calculi	PROPN
ct-9646	52	3	form	form	NOUN
ct-9646	52	4	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	52	5	alkaline	alkaline	NOUN
ct-9646	52	6	urine	urine	NOUN
ct-9646	52	7	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	52	8	 	 	SPACE
ct-9646	52	9	may	may	AUX
ct-9646	52	10	be	be	AUX
ct-9646	52	11	broken	break	VERB
ct-9646	52	12	down	down	ADP
ct-9646	52	13	by	by	ADP
ct-9646	52	14	acidifying	acidify	VERB
ct-9646	52	15	the	the	DET
ct-9646	52	16	urine	urine	NOUN
ct-9646	52	17	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	53	1	silica	silica	NOUN
ct-9646	53	2	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	53	3	calcium	calcium	NOUN
ct-9646	53	4	-	-	PUNCT
ct-9646	53	5	based	base	VERB
ct-9646	53	6	calculi	calculi	NOUN
ct-9646	53	7	form	form	NOUN
ct-9646	53	8	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	53	9	a	a	DET
ct-9646	53	10	range	range	NOUN
ct-9646	53	11	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	53	12	urine	urine	ADJ
ct-9646	53	13	ph	ph	ADJ
ct-9646	53	14	levels	level	NOUN
ct-9646	53	15	  	  	SPACE
ct-9646	53	16	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	53	17	  	  	SPACE
ct-9646	53	18	will	will	AUX
ct-9646	53	19	not	not	PART
ct-9646	53	20	be	be	AUX
ct-9646	53	21	broken	break	VERB
ct-9646	53	22	down	down	ADP
ct-9646	53	23	by	by	ADP
ct-9646	53	24	acidification	acidification	NOUN
ct-9646	53	25	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	53	26	the	the	DET
ct-9646	53	27	 	 	SPACE
ct-9646	53	28	urine.4	urine.4	PROPN
ct-9646	53	29	ammonium	ammonium	NOUN
ct-9646	53	30	chloride	chloride	NOUN
ct-9646	53	31	(	(	PUNCT
ct-9646	53	32	ammonium	ammonium	NOUN
ct-9646	53	33	chloride	chloride	NOUN
ct-9646	53	34	af	af	PROPN
ct-9646	53	35	animal	animal	NOUN
ct-9646	53	36	feed	feed	NOUN
ct-9646	53	37	grade	grade	NOUN
ct-9646	53	38	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	53	39	basf	basf	PROPN
ct-9646	53	40	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	53	41	ludwigahafan	ludwigahafan	PROPN
ct-9646	53	42	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	53	43	germany	germany	PROPN
ct-9646	53	44	)	)	PUNCT
ct-9646	53	45	at	at	ADP
ct-9646	53	46	an	an	DET
ct-9646	53	47	initial	initial	ADJ
ct-9646	53	48	dose	dose	NOUN
ct-9646	53	49	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	53	50	200	200	NUM
ct-9646	53	51	mg	mg	NOUN
ct-9646	53	52	/	/	SYM
ct-9646	53	53	kg	kg	PROPN
ct-9646	53	54	orally	orally	ADV
ct-9646	53	55	once	once	ADV
ct-9646	53	56	daily	daily	ADV
ct-9646	53	57	will	will	AUX
ct-9646	53	58	acidify	acidify	VERB
ct-9646	53	59	the	the	DET
ct-9646	53	60	urine	urine	NOUN
ct-9646	53	61	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	53	62	increasing	increase	VERB
ct-9646	53	63	by	by	ADP
ct-9646	53	64	50	50	NUM
ct-9646	53	65	mg	mg	PROPN
ct-9646	53	66	/	/	SYM
ct-9646	53	67	kg	kg	NOUN
ct-9646	53	68	to	to	PART
ct-9646	53	69	keep	keep	VERB
ct-9646	53	70	the	the	DET
ct-9646	53	71	urine	urine	NOUN
ct-9646	53	72	ph	ph	VERB
ct-9646	53	73	between	between	ADP
ct-9646	53	74	6	6	NUM
ct-9646	53	75	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	53	76	6.5.5	6.5.5	NUM
ct-9646	53	77	surgical	surgical	ADJ
ct-9646	53	78	correction	correction	NOUN
ct-9646	53	79	the	the	DET
ct-9646	53	80	method	method	NOUN
ct-9646	53	81	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	53	82	surgical	surgical	ADJ
ct-9646	53	83	correction	correction	NOUN
ct-9646	53	84	chosen	choose	VERB
ct-9646	53	85	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	53	86	highly	highly	ADV
ct-9646	53	87	dependent	dependent	ADJ
ct-9646	53	88	on	on	ADP
ct-9646	53	89	the	the	DET
ct-9646	53	90	proposed	propose	VERB
ct-9646	53	91	outcome	outcome	NOUN
ct-9646	53	92	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	53	93	the	the	DET
ct-9646	53	94	animal	animal	NOUN
ct-9646	53	95	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	54	1	for	for	ADP
ct-9646	54	2	castrated	castrate	VERB
ct-9646	54	3	animals	animal	NOUN
ct-9646	54	4	that	that	PRON
ct-9646	54	5	are	be	AUX
ct-9646	54	6	intended	intend	VERB
ct-9646	54	7	for	for	ADP
ct-9646	54	8	human	human	ADJ
ct-9646	54	9	consumption	consumption	NOUN
ct-9646	54	10	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	54	11	economic	economic	ADJ
ct-9646	54	12	considerations	consideration	NOUN
ct-9646	54	13	may	may	AUX
ct-9646	54	14	be	be	AUX
ct-9646	54	15	the	the	DET
ct-9646	54	16	most	most	ADV
ct-9646	54	17	important	important	ADJ
ct-9646	54	18	deciding	decide	VERB
ct-9646	54	19	factor	factor	NOUN
ct-9646	54	20	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	55	1	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	55	2	the	the	DET
ct-9646	55	3	circumstance	circumstance	NOUN
ct-9646	55	4	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	55	5	breeding	breeding	NOUN
ct-9646	55	6	bulls	bull	NOUN
ct-9646	55	7	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	55	8	the	the	DET
ct-9646	55	9	most	most	ADV
ct-9646	55	10	important	important	ADJ
ct-9646	55	11	factor	factor	NOUN
ct-9646	55	12	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	55	13	preserving	preserve	VERB
ct-9646	55	14	their	their	PRON
ct-9646	55	15	breeding	breeding	NOUN
ct-9646	55	16	capacity	capacity	NOUN
ct-9646	55	17	by	by	ADP
ct-9646	55	18	maintaining	maintain	VERB
ct-9646	55	19	a	a	DET
ct-9646	55	20	patent	patent	NOUN
ct-9646	55	21	urethra	urethra	NOUN
ct-9646	55	22	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	56	1	ischial	ischial	ADJ
ct-9646	56	2	urethrostomy	urethrostomy	NOUN
ct-9646	56	3	sometimes	sometimes	ADV
ct-9646	56	4	referred	refer	VERB
ct-9646	56	5	to	to	ADP
ct-9646	56	6	as	as	ADP
ct-9646	56	7	a	a	DET
ct-9646	56	8	“	"	PUNCT
ct-9646	56	9	high	high	ADJ
ct-9646	56	10	perineal	perineal	NOUN
ct-9646	56	11	urethrostomy	urethrostomy	NOUN
ct-9646	56	12	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	56	13	”	"	PUNCT
ct-9646	56	14	the	the	DET
ct-9646	56	15	approach	approach	NOUN
ct-9646	56	16	for	for	ADP
ct-9646	56	17	an	an	DET
ct-9646	56	18	ischial	ischial	ADJ
ct-9646	56	19	urethrostomy	urethrostomy	NOUN
ct-9646	56	20	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	56	21	5	5	NUM
ct-9646	56	22	centimeter	centimeter	NOUN
ct-9646	56	23	(	(	PUNCT
ct-9646	56	24	cm	cm	NOUN
ct-9646	56	25	)	)	PUNCT
ct-9646	56	26	below	below	ADP
ct-9646	56	27	the	the	DET
ct-9646	56	28	rectum	rectum	NOUN
ct-9646	56	29	within	within	ADP
ct-9646	56	30	the	the	DET
ct-9646	56	31	ischial	ischial	ADJ
ct-9646	56	32	arch	arch	NOUN
ct-9646	56	33	(	(	PUNCT
ct-9646	56	34	figure	figure	NOUN
ct-9646	56	35	3).13	3).13	NUM
ct-9646	57	1	the	the	DET
ct-9646	57	2	patient	patient	NOUN
ct-9646	57	3	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	57	4	restrained	restrain	VERB
ct-9646	57	5	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	57	6	a	a	DET
ct-9646	57	7	standing	stand	VERB
ct-9646	57	8	position	position	NOUN
ct-9646	57	9	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	57	10	a	a	DET
ct-9646	57	11	caudal	caudal	NOUN
ct-9646	57	12	epidural	epidural	NOUN
ct-9646	57	13	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	57	14	performed	perform	VERB
ct-9646	57	15	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	58	1	an	an	DET
ct-9646	58	2	alternative	alternative	ADJ
ct-9646	58	3	local	local	ADJ
ct-9646	58	4	block	block	NOUN
ct-9646	58	5	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	58	6	the	the	DET
ct-9646	58	7	pudendal	pudendal	ADJ
ct-9646	58	8	nerve	nerve	NOUN
ct-9646	58	9	block	block	NOUN
ct-9646	58	10	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	59	1	the	the	DET
ct-9646	59	2	surgical	surgical	ADJ
ct-9646	59	3	site	site	NOUN
ct-9646	59	4	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	59	5	clipped	clip	VERB
ct-9646	59	6	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	59	7	surgically	surgically	ADV
ct-9646	59	8	prepped	preppe	VERB
ct-9646	59	9	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	60	1	an	an	DET
ct-9646	60	2	incision	incision	NOUN
ct-9646	60	3	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	60	4	made	make	VERB
ct-9646	60	5	beginning	begin	VERB
ct-9646	60	6	5	5	NUM
ct-9646	60	7	cm	cm	NOUN
ct-9646	60	8	below	below	ADP
ct-9646	60	9	the	the	DET
ct-9646	60	10	rectum	rectum	NOUN
ct-9646	60	11	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	60	12	continued	continue	VERB
ct-9646	60	13	for	for	ADP
ct-9646	60	14	10	10	NUM
ct-9646	60	15	cm	cm	NOUN
ct-9646	60	16	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	60	17	deep	deep	ADJ
ct-9646	60	18	enough	enough	ADV
ct-9646	60	19	to	to	PART
ct-9646	60	20	incise	incise	VERB
ct-9646	60	21	through	through	ADP
ct-9646	60	22	the	the	DET
ct-9646	60	23	dense	dense	ADJ
ct-9646	60	24	layer	layer	NOUN
ct-9646	60	25	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	60	26	fascia	fascia	NOUN
ct-9646	60	27	overlying	overlie	VERB
ct-9646	60	28	the	the	DET
ct-9646	60	29	retractor	retractor	NOUN
ct-9646	60	30	penis	penis	NOUN
ct-9646	60	31	muscles	muscle	NOUN
ct-9646	60	32	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	61	1	blunt	blunt	ADJ
ct-9646	61	2	dissection	dissection	NOUN
ct-9646	61	3	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	61	4	used	use	VERB
ct-9646	61	5	between	between	ADP
ct-9646	61	6	the	the	DET
ct-9646	61	7	retractor	retractor	NOUN
ct-9646	61	8	penis	penis	NOUN
ct-9646	61	9	muscles	muscle	NOUN
ct-9646	61	10	to	to	PART
ct-9646	61	11	visualize	visualize	VERB
ct-9646	61	12	the	the	DET
ct-9646	61	13	bulbospongiosus	bulbospongiosus	NOUN
ct-9646	61	14	muscle	muscle	NOUN
ct-9646	61	15	(	(	PUNCT
ct-9646	61	16	figure	figure	NOUN
ct-9646	61	17	5	5	NUM
ct-9646	61	18	)	)	PUNCT
ct-9646	61	19	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	62	1	care	care	NOUN
ct-9646	62	2	should	should	AUX
ct-9646	62	3	be	be	AUX
ct-9646	62	4	figure	figure	NOUN
ct-9646	62	5	4	4	NUM
ct-9646	62	6	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	62	7	ischial	ischial	ADJ
ct-9646	62	8	urethrostomy	urethrostomy	NOUN
ct-9646	62	9	incision	incision	NOUN
ct-9646	62	10	site	site	NOUN
ct-9646	62	11	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	63	1	figure	figure	NOUN
ct-9646	63	2	5	5	NUM
ct-9646	63	3	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	63	4	ischial	ischial	ADJ
ct-9646	63	5	urethrostomy	urethrostomy	NOUN
ct-9646	63	6	incision	incision	NOUN
ct-9646	63	7	anatomy.13	anatomy.13	PROPN
ct-9646	63	8	http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9646	http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9646	PROPN
ct-9646	63	9	8	8	NUM
ct-9646	63	10	citation	citation	NOUN
ct-9646	63	11	line	line	NOUN
ct-9646	63	12	:	:	PUNCT
ct-9646	63	13	clinical	clinical	ADJ
ct-9646	63	14	theriogenology	theriogenology	NOUN
ct-9646	63	15	2023	2023	NUM
ct-9646	63	16	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	63	17	15	15	NUM
ct-9646	63	18	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	63	19	9646	9646	NUM
ct-9646	63	20	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	63	21	http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9646	http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9646	PROPN
ct-9646	63	22	taken	take	VERB
ct-9646	63	23	to	to	PART
ct-9646	63	24	incise	incise	VERB
ct-9646	63	25	directly	directly	ADV
ct-9646	63	26	on	on	ADP
ct-9646	63	27	midline	midline	NOUN
ct-9646	63	28	through	through	ADP
ct-9646	63	29	the	the	DET
ct-9646	63	30	bulbospongiosus	bulbospongiosus	NOUN
ct-9646	63	31	muscle	muscle	NOUN
ct-9646	63	32	into	into	ADP
ct-9646	63	33	the	the	DET
ct-9646	63	34	urethra	urethra	NOUN
ct-9646	63	35	(	(	PUNCT
ct-9646	63	36	figure	figure	NOUN
ct-9646	63	37	6	6	NUM
ct-9646	63	38	)	)	PUNCT
ct-9646	63	39	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	64	1	hemorrhage	hemorrhage	NOUN
ct-9646	64	2	from	from	ADP
ct-9646	64	3	the	the	DET
ct-9646	64	4	bulbospongiosus	bulbospongiosus	NOUN
ct-9646	64	5	muscle	muscle	NOUN
ct-9646	64	6	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	64	7	common	common	ADJ
ct-9646	64	8	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	64	9	a	a	DET
ct-9646	64	10	fair	fair	ADJ
ct-9646	64	11	amount	amount	NOUN
ct-9646	64	12	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	64	13	hemorrhage	hemorrhage	NOUN
ct-9646	64	14	from	from	ADP
ct-9646	64	15	the	the	DET
ct-9646	64	16	corpus	corpus	NOUN
ct-9646	64	17	spongiosum	spongiosum	NOUN
ct-9646	64	18	may	may	AUX
ct-9646	64	19	occur	occur	VERB
ct-9646	64	20	(	(	PUNCT
ct-9646	64	21	figure	figure	VERB
ct-9646	64	22	 	 	SPACE
ct-9646	64	23	7	7	NUM
ct-9646	64	24	)	)	PUNCT
ct-9646	64	25	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	65	1	inexperienced	inexperienced	ADJ
ct-9646	65	2	surgeons	surgeon	NOUN
ct-9646	65	3	can	can	AUX
ct-9646	65	4	have	have	VERB
ct-9646	65	5	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN
ct-9646	65	6	reaching	reach	VERB
ct-9646	65	7	the	the	DET
ct-9646	65	8	urethra	urethra	NOUN
ct-9646	65	9	due	due	ADP
ct-9646	65	10	to	to	ADP
ct-9646	65	11	the	the	DET
ct-9646	65	12	depth	depth	NOUN
ct-9646	65	13	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	65	14	the	the	DET
ct-9646	65	15	bulbospongiosus	bulbospongiosus	NOUN
ct-9646	65	16	muscle	muscle	NOUN
ct-9646	65	17	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	65	18	urethra	urethra	NOUN
ct-9646	65	19	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	66	1	once	once	ADV
ct-9646	66	2	the	the	DET
ct-9646	66	3	urethra	urethra	NOUN
ct-9646	66	4	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	66	5	opened	open	VERB
ct-9646	66	6	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	66	7	a	a	DET
ct-9646	66	8	catheter	catheter	NOUN
ct-9646	66	9	can	can	AUX
ct-9646	66	10	be	be	AUX
ct-9646	66	11	passed	pass	VERB
ct-9646	66	12	into	into	ADP
ct-9646	66	13	the	the	DET
ct-9646	66	14	bladder	bladder	NOUN
ct-9646	66	15	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	67	1	a	a	DET
ct-9646	67	2	20–28	20–28	ADJ
ct-9646	67	3	french	french	ADJ
ct-9646	67	4	foley	foley	NOUN
ct-9646	67	5	catheter	catheter	PROPN
ct-9646	67	6	with	with	ADP
ct-9646	67	7	a	a	DET
ct-9646	67	8	balloon	balloon	NOUN
ct-9646	67	9	can	can	AUX
ct-9646	67	10	be	be	AUX
ct-9646	67	11	used	use	VERB
ct-9646	67	12	to	to	PART
ct-9646	67	13	maintain	maintain	VERB
ct-9646	67	14	urine	urine	NOUN
ct-9646	67	15	evacuation	evacuation	NOUN
ct-9646	67	16	from	from	ADP
ct-9646	67	17	the	the	DET
ct-9646	67	18	bladder	bladder	NOUN
ct-9646	67	19	(	(	PUNCT
ct-9646	67	20	silicone	silicone	NOUN
ct-9646	67	21	foley	foley	NOUN
ct-9646	67	22	catheters	catheter	NOUN
ct-9646	67	23	23–34	23–34	NUM
ct-9646	67	24	inches	inch	NOUN
ct-9646	67	25	long	long	ADJ
ct-9646	67	26	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	68	1	agtech	agtech	PROPN
ct-9646	68	2	inc	inc	PROPN
ct-9646	68	3	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	68	4	manhattan	manhattan	PROPN
ct-9646	68	5	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	68	6	ks	ks	NOUN
ct-9646	68	7	)	)	PUNCT
ct-9646	68	8	(	(	PUNCT
ct-9646	68	9	figure	figure	VERB
ct-9646	68	10	8).5	8).5	NUM
ct-9646	68	11	normograde	normograde	NOUN
ct-9646	68	12	flushing	flush	VERB
ct-9646	68	13	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	68	14	the	the	DET
ct-9646	68	15	distal	distal	ADJ
ct-9646	68	16	urethra	urethra	NOUN
ct-9646	68	17	can	can	AUX
ct-9646	68	18	be	be	AUX
ct-9646	68	19	attempted	attempt	VERB
ct-9646	68	20	by	by	ADP
ct-9646	68	21	passing	pass	VERB
ct-9646	68	22	a	a	DET
ct-9646	68	23	catheter	catheter	NOUN
ct-9646	68	24	distally	distally	ADV
ct-9646	68	25	from	from	ADP
ct-9646	68	26	the	the	DET
ct-9646	68	27	incision	incision	NOUN
ct-9646	68	28	site	site	NOUN
ct-9646	68	29	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	69	1	the	the	DET
ct-9646	69	2	authors	author	NOUN
ct-9646	69	3	have	have	AUX
ct-9646	69	4	infused	infuse	VERB
ct-9646	69	5	a	a	DET
ct-9646	69	6	mixture	mixture	NOUN
ct-9646	69	7	containing	contain	VERB
ct-9646	69	8	5	5	NUM
ct-9646	69	9	 	 	SPACE
ct-9646	69	10	milliliters	milliliter	NOUN
ct-9646	69	11	(	(	PUNCT
ct-9646	69	12	mls	mls	PROPN
ct-9646	69	13	)	)	PUNCT
ct-9646	69	14	lidocaine	lidocaine	NOUN
ct-9646	69	15	(	(	PUNCT
ct-9646	69	16	lidocaine	lidocaine	NOUN
ct-9646	69	17	hcl	hcl	PROPN
ct-9646	69	18	2	2	NUM
ct-9646	69	19	%	%	NOUN
ct-9646	69	20	injection	injection	NOUN
ct-9646	69	21	)	)	PUNCT
ct-9646	69	22	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	69	23	5	5	NUM
ct-9646	69	24	 	 	SPACE
ct-9646	69	25	ml	ml	X
ct-9646	69	26	dexamethasone	dexamethasone	NOUN
ct-9646	69	27	(	(	PUNCT
ct-9646	69	28	dexamethasone	dexamethasone	NOUN
ct-9646	69	29	injection	injection	NOUN
ct-9646	69	30	2	2	NUM
ct-9646	69	31	mg	mg	NUM
ct-9646	69	32	/	/	SYM
ct-9646	69	33	ml	ml	NOUN
ct-9646	69	34	)	)	PUNCT
ct-9646	69	35	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	69	36	10–20	10–20	NUM
ct-9646	69	37	ml	ml	NOUN
ct-9646	69	38	saline	saline	VERB
ct-9646	69	39	into	into	ADP
ct-9646	69	40	the	the	DET
ct-9646	69	41	distal	distal	ADJ
ct-9646	69	42	urethra	urethra	NOUN
ct-9646	69	43	to	to	PART
ct-9646	69	44	provide	provide	VERB
ct-9646	69	45	the	the	DET
ct-9646	69	46	potential	potential	ADJ
ct-9646	69	47	benefit	benefit	NOUN
ct-9646	69	48	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	69	49	decreasing	decrease	VERB
ct-9646	69	50	urethral	urethral	ADJ
ct-9646	69	51	inflammation	inflammation	NOUN
ct-9646	69	52	as	as	ADV
ct-9646	69	53	well	well	ADV
ct-9646	69	54	as	as	ADP
ct-9646	69	55	decreasing	decrease	VERB
ct-9646	69	56	discomfort	discomfort	NOUN
ct-9646	69	57	from	from	ADP
ct-9646	69	58	urethral	urethral	ADJ
ct-9646	69	59	spasm	spasm	NOUN
ct-9646	69	60	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	70	1	the	the	DET
ct-9646	70	2	advantage	advantage	NOUN
ct-9646	70	3	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	70	4	an	an	DET
ct-9646	70	5	ischial	ischial	ADJ
ct-9646	70	6	urethrostomy	urethrostomy	NOUN
ct-9646	70	7	instead	instead	ADV
ct-9646	70	8	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	70	9	a	a	DET
ct-9646	70	10	perineal	perineal	ADJ
ct-9646	70	11	urethrostomy	urethrostomy	NOUN
ct-9646	70	12	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	70	13	that	that	SCONJ
ct-9646	70	14	the	the	DET
ct-9646	70	15	breeding	breeding	NOUN
ct-9646	70	16	potential	potential	NOUN
ct-9646	70	17	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	70	18	the	the	DET
ct-9646	70	19	bull	bull	NOUN
ct-9646	70	20	can	can	AUX
ct-9646	70	21	be	be	AUX
ct-9646	70	22	salvaged	salvage	VERB
ct-9646	70	23	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	71	1	the	the	DET
ct-9646	71	2	urethra	urethra	NOUN
ct-9646	71	3	at	at	ADP
ct-9646	71	4	the	the	DET
ct-9646	71	5	site	site	NOUN
ct-9646	71	6	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	71	7	an	an	DET
ct-9646	71	8	ischial	ischial	ADJ
ct-9646	71	9	urethrostomy	urethrostomy	NOUN
ct-9646	71	10	has	have	VERB
ct-9646	71	11	a	a	DET
ct-9646	71	12	larger	large	ADJ
ct-9646	71	13	diameter	diameter	NOUN
ct-9646	71	14	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	71	15	resulting	result	VERB
ct-9646	71	16	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	71	17	less	less	ADJ
ct-9646	71	18	concern	concern	NOUN
ct-9646	71	19	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	71	20	stricture	stricture	NOUN
ct-9646	71	21	formation	formation	NOUN
ct-9646	71	22	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	72	1	tube	tube	NOUN
ct-9646	72	2	cystostomy	cystostomy	NOUN
ct-9646	72	3	originally	originally	ADV
ct-9646	72	4	described	describe	VERB
ct-9646	72	5	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	72	6	1965	1965	NUM
ct-9646	72	7	for	for	ADP
ct-9646	72	8	steers	steer	NOUN
ct-9646	72	9	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	72	10	a	a	DET
ct-9646	72	11	tube	tube	NOUN
ct-9646	72	12	cystostomy	cystostomy	NOUN
ct-9646	72	13	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	72	14	the	the	DET
ct-9646	72	15	procedure	procedure	NOUN
ct-9646	72	16	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	72	17	choice	choice	NOUN
ct-9646	72	18	when	when	SCONJ
ct-9646	72	19	urinary	urinary	ADJ
ct-9646	72	20	bladder	bladder	NOUN
ct-9646	72	21	or	or	CCONJ
ct-9646	72	22	urethral	urethral	ADJ
ct-9646	72	23	rupture	rupture	NOUN
ct-9646	72	24	has	have	VERB
ct-9646	72	25	occurred.14	occurred.14	NOUN
ct-9646	72	26	the	the	DET
ct-9646	72	27	authors	author	NOUN
ct-9646	72	28	believe	believe	VERB
ct-9646	72	29	a	a	DET
ct-9646	72	30	tube	tube	NOUN
ct-9646	72	31	cystostomy	cystostomy	NOUN
ct-9646	72	32	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	72	33	the	the	DET
ct-9646	72	34	best	good	ADJ
ct-9646	72	35	option	option	NOUN
ct-9646	72	36	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	72	37	even	even	ADV
ct-9646	72	38	when	when	SCONJ
ct-9646	72	39	the	the	DET
ct-9646	72	40	bladder	bladder	NOUN
ct-9646	72	41	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	72	42	intact	intact	ADJ
ct-9646	72	43	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	72	44	for	for	ADP
ct-9646	72	45	a	a	DET
ct-9646	72	46	bull	bull	NOUN
ct-9646	72	47	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	72	48	which	which	PRON
ct-9646	72	49	future	future	ADJ
ct-9646	72	50	use	use	NOUN
ct-9646	72	51	as	as	ADP
ct-9646	72	52	a	a	DET
ct-9646	72	53	breeder	breeder	NOUN
ct-9646	72	54	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	72	55	desired	desire	VERB
ct-9646	72	56	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	73	1	tube	tube	NOUN
ct-9646	73	2	cystostomy	cystostomy	NOUN
ct-9646	73	3	provides	provide	VERB
ct-9646	73	4	diversion	diversion	NOUN
ct-9646	73	5	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	73	6	urine	urine	NOUN
ct-9646	73	7	from	from	ADP
ct-9646	73	8	the	the	DET
ct-9646	73	9	bladder	bladder	NOUN
ct-9646	73	10	for	for	ADP
ct-9646	73	11	relief	relief	NOUN
ct-9646	73	12	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	73	13	urethral	urethral	ADJ
ct-9646	73	14	spasm	spasm	NOUN
ct-9646	73	15	or	or	CCONJ
ct-9646	73	16	swelling	swell	VERB
ct-9646	73	17	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	73	18	allows	allow	VERB
ct-9646	73	19	for	for	ADP
ct-9646	73	20	stone	stone	NOUN
ct-9646	73	21	passage	passage	NOUN
ct-9646	73	22	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	74	1	a	a	DET
ct-9646	74	2	tube	tube	NOUN
ct-9646	74	3	cystostomy	cystostomy	NOUN
ct-9646	74	4	procedure	procedure	NOUN
ct-9646	74	5	can	can	AUX
ct-9646	74	6	be	be	AUX
ct-9646	74	7	performed	perform	VERB
ct-9646	74	8	standing	stand	VERB
ct-9646	74	9	or	or	CCONJ
ct-9646	74	10	via	via	ADP
ct-9646	74	11	a	a	DET
ct-9646	74	12	ventral	ventral	ADJ
ct-9646	74	13	midline	midline	NOUN
ct-9646	74	14	incision	incision	NOUN
ct-9646	74	15	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	75	1	for	for	ADP
ct-9646	75	2	a	a	DET
ct-9646	75	3	standing	stand	VERB
ct-9646	75	4	procedure	procedure	NOUN
ct-9646	75	5	a	a	DET
ct-9646	75	6	left	left	ADJ
ct-9646	75	7	flank	flank	NOUN
ct-9646	75	8	approach	approach	NOUN
ct-9646	75	9	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	75	10	preferred	prefer	VERB
ct-9646	75	11	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	76	1	the	the	DET
ct-9646	76	2	bull	bull	NOUN
ct-9646	76	3	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	76	4	administered	administer	VERB
ct-9646	76	5	caudal	caudal	NOUN
ct-9646	76	6	figure	figure	NOUN
ct-9646	76	7	7	7	NUM
ct-9646	76	8	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	76	9	ischial	ischial	ADJ
ct-9646	76	10	urethrostomy	urethrostomy	NOUN
ct-9646	76	11	incision	incision	NOUN
ct-9646	76	12	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	77	1	figure	figure	NOUN
ct-9646	77	2	6	6	NUM
ct-9646	77	3	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	77	4	midline	midline	NOUN
ct-9646	77	5	palpation	palpation	NOUN
ct-9646	77	6	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	77	7	the	the	DET
ct-9646	77	8	urethra	urethra	NOUN
ct-9646	77	9	at	at	ADP
ct-9646	77	10	the	the	DET
ct-9646	77	11	ischial	ischial	ADJ
ct-9646	77	12	urethrostomy	urethrostomy	NOUN
ct-9646	77	13	incision	incision	NOUN
ct-9646	77	14	site	site	NOUN
ct-9646	77	15	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	78	1	figure	figure	NOUN
ct-9646	78	2	8	8	NUM
ct-9646	78	3	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	79	1	using	use	VERB
ct-9646	79	2	hemostats	hemostat	NOUN
ct-9646	79	3	to	to	PART
ct-9646	79	4	direct	direct	VERB
ct-9646	79	5	a	a	DET
ct-9646	79	6	catheter	catheter	NOUN
ct-9646	79	7	into	into	ADP
ct-9646	79	8	the	the	DET
ct-9646	79	9	urethra	urethra	NOUN
ct-9646	79	10	during	during	ADP
ct-9646	79	11	an	an	DET
ct-9646	79	12	ischial	ischial	ADJ
ct-9646	79	13	urethrostomy	urethrostomy	NOUN
ct-9646	79	14	procedure.13	procedure.13	PROPN
ct-9646	79	15	http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9646	http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9646	PROPN
ct-9646	79	16	citation	citation	PROPN
ct-9646	79	17	line	line	NOUN
ct-9646	79	18	:	:	PUNCT
ct-9646	79	19	clinical	clinical	ADJ
ct-9646	79	20	theriogenology	theriogenology	NOUN
ct-9646	79	21	2023	2023	NUM
ct-9646	79	22	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	79	23	15	15	NUM
ct-9646	79	24	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	79	25	9646	9646	NUM
ct-9646	79	26	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	79	27	http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9646	http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9646	NOUN
ct-9646	79	28	9	9	NUM
ct-9646	79	29	epidural	epidural	NOUN
ct-9646	79	30	anesthesia	anesthesia	NOUN
ct-9646	79	31	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	79	32	the	the	DET
ct-9646	79	33	left	left	ADJ
ct-9646	79	34	flank	flank	NOUN
ct-9646	79	35	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	79	36	clipped	clip	VERB
ct-9646	79	37	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	79	38	surgically	surgically	ADV
ct-9646	79	39	prepped	preppe	VERB
ct-9646	79	40	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	80	1	paralumbar	paralumbar	PROPN
ct-9646	80	2	anesthesia	anesthesia	PROPN
ct-9646	80	3	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	80	4	achieved	achieve	VERB
ct-9646	80	5	by	by	ADP
ct-9646	80	6	surgeon	surgeon	PROPN
ct-9646	80	7	’s	’s	PART
ct-9646	80	8	preference	preference	NOUN
ct-9646	80	9	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	80	10	commonly	commonly	ADV
ct-9646	80	11	via	via	ADP
ct-9646	80	12	an	an	DET
ct-9646	80	13	inverted	inverted	ADJ
ct-9646	80	14	l	l	NOUN
ct-9646	80	15	block	block	NOUN
ct-9646	80	16	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	81	1	the	the	DET
ct-9646	81	2	urinary	urinary	ADJ
ct-9646	81	3	bladder	bladder	NOUN
ct-9646	81	4	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	81	5	visualized	visualize	VERB
ct-9646	81	6	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	81	7	exteriorized	exteriorize	VERB
ct-9646	81	8	as	as	ADV
ct-9646	81	9	much	much	ADV
ct-9646	81	10	as	as	ADP
ct-9646	81	11	possible	possible	ADJ
ct-9646	81	12	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	82	1	infusion	infusion	NOUN
ct-9646	82	2	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	82	3	lidocaine	lidocaine	NOUN
ct-9646	82	4	into	into	ADP
ct-9646	82	5	the	the	DET
ct-9646	82	6	bladder	bladder	NOUN
ct-9646	82	7	via	via	ADP
ct-9646	82	8	an	an	DET
ct-9646	82	9	extension	extension	NOUN
ct-9646	82	10	set	set	VERB
ct-9646	82	11	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	82	12	small	small	ADJ
ct-9646	82	13	gauge	gauge	NOUN
ct-9646	82	14	needle	needle	NOUN
ct-9646	82	15	can	can	AUX
ct-9646	82	16	be	be	AUX
ct-9646	82	17	helpful	helpful	ADJ
ct-9646	82	18	for	for	ADP
ct-9646	82	19	bladder	bladder	NOUN
ct-9646	82	20	relaxation	relaxation	NOUN
ct-9646	82	21	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	83	1	a	a	DET
ct-9646	83	2	stab	stab	ADJ
ct-9646	83	3	incision	incision	NOUN
ct-9646	83	4	through	through	ADP
ct-9646	83	5	the	the	DET
ct-9646	83	6	abdominal	abdominal	ADJ
ct-9646	83	7	wall	wall	NOUN
ct-9646	83	8	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	83	9	made	make	VERB
ct-9646	83	10	8–10	8–10	NOUN
ct-9646	83	11	cm	cm	NOUN
ct-9646	83	12	caudo	caudo	NOUN
ct-9646	83	13	-	-	PUNCT
ct-9646	83	14	lateral	lateral	NOUN
ct-9646	83	15	from	from	ADP
ct-9646	83	16	the	the	DET
ct-9646	83	17	surgical	surgical	ADJ
ct-9646	83	18	approach	approach	NOUN
ct-9646	83	19	incision	incision	NOUN
ct-9646	83	20	for	for	ADP
ct-9646	83	21	insertion	insertion	NOUN
ct-9646	83	22	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	83	23	a	a	DET
ct-9646	83	24	20–30	20–30	NUM
ct-9646	83	25	french	french	ADJ
ct-9646	83	26	foley.5	foley.5	PROPN
ct-9646	83	27	if	if	SCONJ
ct-9646	83	28	a	a	DET
ct-9646	83	29	ventral	ventral	ADJ
ct-9646	83	30	midline	midline	NOUN
ct-9646	83	31	incision	incision	NOUN
ct-9646	83	32	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	83	33	performed	perform	VERB
ct-9646	83	34	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	83	35	the	the	DET
ct-9646	83	36	stab	stab	ADJ
ct-9646	83	37	incision	incision	NOUN
ct-9646	83	38	for	for	ADP
ct-9646	83	39	insertion	insertion	NOUN
ct-9646	83	40	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	83	41	the	the	DET
ct-9646	83	42	foley	foley	NOUN
ct-9646	83	43	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	83	44	made	make	VERB
ct-9646	83	45	lateral	lateral	ADJ
ct-9646	83	46	to	to	ADP
ct-9646	83	47	the	the	DET
ct-9646	83	48	initial	initial	ADJ
ct-9646	83	49	incision	incision	NOUN
ct-9646	83	50	at	at	ADV
ct-9646	83	51	least	least	ADJ
ct-9646	83	52	3	3	NUM
ct-9646	83	53	cm	cm	NOUN
ct-9646	83	54	from	from	ADP
ct-9646	83	55	the	the	DET
ct-9646	83	56	prepuce.5	prepuce.5	NOUN
ct-9646	83	57	for	for	ADP
ct-9646	83	58	both	both	DET
ct-9646	83	59	approaches	approach	NOUN
ct-9646	83	60	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	83	61	the	the	DET
ct-9646	83	62	foley	foley	PROPN
ct-9646	83	63	catheter	catheter	PROPN
ct-9646	83	64	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	83	65	passed	pass	VERB
ct-9646	83	66	into	into	ADP
ct-9646	83	67	the	the	DET
ct-9646	83	68	abdomen	abdomen	NOUN
ct-9646	83	69	by	by	ADP
ct-9646	83	70	aid	aid	NOUN
ct-9646	83	71	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	83	72	a	a	DET
ct-9646	83	73	stylet	stylet	NOUN
ct-9646	83	74	to	to	PART
ct-9646	83	75	insert	insert	VERB
ct-9646	83	76	the	the	DET
ct-9646	83	77	foley	foley	NOUN
ct-9646	83	78	into	into	ADP
ct-9646	83	79	the	the	DET
ct-9646	83	80	cranioventral	cranioventral	ADJ
ct-9646	83	81	aspect	aspect	NOUN
ct-9646	83	82	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	83	83	the	the	DET
ct-9646	83	84	bladder	bladder	NOUN
ct-9646	83	85	near	near	ADP
ct-9646	83	86	the	the	DET
ct-9646	83	87	apex	apex	NOUN
ct-9646	83	88	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	84	1	the	the	DET
ct-9646	84	2	balloon	balloon	NOUN
ct-9646	84	3	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	84	4	distended	distend	VERB
ct-9646	84	5	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	84	6	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	84	7	a	a	DET
ct-9646	84	8	purse	purse	NOUN
ct-9646	84	9	-	-	PUNCT
ct-9646	84	10	string	string	NOUN
ct-9646	84	11	suture	suture	NOUN
ct-9646	84	12	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	84	13	placed	place	VERB
ct-9646	84	14	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	84	15	the	the	DET
ct-9646	84	16	seromuscular	seromuscular	ADJ
ct-9646	84	17	layer	layer	NOUN
ct-9646	84	18	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	84	19	the	the	DET
ct-9646	84	20	bladder	bladder	NOUN
ct-9646	84	21	around	around	ADP
ct-9646	84	22	the	the	DET
ct-9646	84	23	foley	foley	NOUN
ct-9646	84	24	with	with	ADP
ct-9646	84	25	care	care	NOUN
ct-9646	84	26	taken	take	VERB
ct-9646	84	27	to	to	PART
ct-9646	84	28	not	not	PART
ct-9646	84	29	crimp	crimp	VERB
ct-9646	84	30	the	the	DET
ct-9646	84	31	catheter	catheter	NOUN
ct-9646	84	32	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	85	1	tension	tension	NOUN
ct-9646	85	2	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	85	3	placed	place	VERB
ct-9646	85	4	on	on	ADP
ct-9646	85	5	the	the	DET
ct-9646	85	6	catheter	catheter	NOUN
ct-9646	85	7	to	to	PART
ct-9646	85	8	move	move	VERB
ct-9646	85	9	the	the	DET
ct-9646	85	10	bladder	bladder	NOUN
ct-9646	85	11	close	close	ADV
ct-9646	85	12	to	to	ADP
ct-9646	85	13	the	the	DET
ct-9646	85	14	abdominal	abdominal	ADJ
ct-9646	85	15	wall	wall	NOUN
ct-9646	85	16	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	86	1	a	a	DET
ct-9646	86	2	chinese	chinese	ADJ
ct-9646	86	3	finger	finger	NOUN
ct-9646	86	4	trap	trap	NOUN
ct-9646	86	5	suture	suture	NOUN
ct-9646	86	6	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	86	7	placed	place	VERB
ct-9646	86	8	around	around	ADP
ct-9646	86	9	the	the	DET
ct-9646	86	10	exterior	exterior	ADJ
ct-9646	86	11	portion	portion	NOUN
ct-9646	86	12	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	86	13	the	the	DET
ct-9646	86	14	foley	foley	NOUN
ct-9646	86	15	to	to	ADP
ct-9646	86	16	the	the	DET
ct-9646	86	17	exterior	exterior	ADJ
ct-9646	86	18	abdominal	abdominal	ADJ
ct-9646	86	19	wall	wall	NOUN
ct-9646	86	20	(	(	PUNCT
ct-9646	86	21	figure	figure	NOUN
ct-9646	86	22	9	9	NUM
ct-9646	86	23	)	)	PUNCT
ct-9646	86	24	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	87	1	a	a	DET
ct-9646	87	2	one	one	NUM
ct-9646	87	3	-	-	PUNCT
ct-9646	87	4	way	way	NOUN
ct-9646	87	5	valve	valve	NOUN
ct-9646	87	6	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	87	7	placed	place	VERB
ct-9646	87	8	on	on	ADP
ct-9646	87	9	the	the	DET
ct-9646	87	10	end	end	NOUN
ct-9646	87	11	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	87	12	the	the	DET
ct-9646	87	13	foley	foley	NOUN
ct-9646	87	14	using	use	VERB
ct-9646	87	15	the	the	DET
ct-9646	87	16	finger	finger	NOUN
ct-9646	87	17	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	87	18	an	an	DET
ct-9646	87	19	exam	exam	NOUN
ct-9646	87	20	glove	glove	NOUN
ct-9646	87	21	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	87	22	the	the	DET
ct-9646	87	23	initial	initial	ADJ
ct-9646	87	24	abdominal	abdominal	ADJ
ct-9646	87	25	incision	incision	NOUN
ct-9646	87	26	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	87	27	closed	close	VERB
ct-9646	87	28	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	87	29	a	a	DET
ct-9646	87	30	routine	routine	ADJ
ct-9646	87	31	three	three	NUM
ct-9646	87	32	layer	layer	NOUN
ct-9646	87	33	closure	closure	NOUN
ct-9646	87	34	(	(	PUNCT
ct-9646	87	35	figure	figure	NOUN
ct-9646	87	36	10	10	NUM
ct-9646	87	37	)	)	PUNCT
ct-9646	87	38	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	88	1	administration	administration	NOUN
ct-9646	88	2	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	88	3	ammonium	ammonium	NOUN
ct-9646	88	4	chloride	chloride	NOUN
ct-9646	88	5	acidifies	acidifie	NOUN
ct-9646	88	6	the	the	DET
ct-9646	88	7	urine	urine	NOUN
ct-9646	88	8	causing	cause	VERB
ct-9646	88	9	breakdown	breakdown	NOUN
ct-9646	88	10	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	88	11	the	the	DET
ct-9646	88	12	stone(s).4,5	stone(s).4,5	NOUN
ct-9646	88	13	urine	urine	NOUN
ct-9646	88	14	ph	ph	NOUN
ct-9646	88	15	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	88	16	monitored	monitor	VERB
ct-9646	88	17	to	to	PART
ct-9646	88	18	ensure	ensure	VERB
ct-9646	88	19	adequate	adequate	ADJ
ct-9646	88	20	doses	dose	NOUN
ct-9646	88	21	are	be	AUX
ct-9646	88	22	given	give	VERB
ct-9646	88	23	as	as	ADP
ct-9646	88	24	described	describe	VERB
ct-9646	88	25	above	above	ADV
ct-9646	88	26	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	89	1	the	the	DET
ct-9646	89	2	foley	foley	PROPN
ct-9646	89	3	catheter	catheter	PROPN
ct-9646	89	4	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	89	5	left	leave	VERB
ct-9646	89	6	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	89	7	place	place	NOUN
ct-9646	89	8	for	for	ADP
ct-9646	89	9	a	a	DET
ct-9646	89	10	minimum	minimum	NOUN
ct-9646	89	11	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	89	12	7	7	NUM
ct-9646	89	13	days	day	NOUN
ct-9646	89	14	or	or	CCONJ
ct-9646	89	15	until	until	SCONJ
ct-9646	89	16	urine	urine	NOUN
ct-9646	89	17	flow	flow	NOUN
ct-9646	89	18	through	through	ADP
ct-9646	89	19	the	the	DET
ct-9646	89	20	urethra	urethra	NOUN
ct-9646	89	21	has	have	AUX
ct-9646	89	22	been	be	AUX
ct-9646	89	23	re	re	VERB
ct-9646	89	24	-	-	VERB
ct-9646	89	25	established.5	established.5	NOUN
ct-9646	89	26	the	the	DET
ct-9646	89	27	catheter	catheter	NOUN
ct-9646	89	28	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	89	29	occluded	occlude	VERB
ct-9646	89	30	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	89	31	observation	observation	NOUN
ct-9646	89	32	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	89	33	normograde	normograde	NOUN
ct-9646	89	34	voiding	void	VERB
ct-9646	89	35	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	89	36	urine	urine	NOUN
ct-9646	89	37	indicates	indicate	VERB
ct-9646	89	38	that	that	SCONJ
ct-9646	89	39	the	the	DET
ct-9646	89	40	offending	offend	VERB
ct-9646	89	41	urinary	urinary	ADJ
ct-9646	89	42	calculi	calculi	PROPN
ct-9646	89	43	have	have	AUX
ct-9646	89	44	passed	pass	VERB
ct-9646	89	45	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	90	1	the	the	DET
ct-9646	90	2	foley	foley	NOUN
ct-9646	90	3	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	90	4	typically	typically	ADV
ct-9646	90	5	kept	keep	VERB
ct-9646	90	6	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	90	7	place	place	NOUN
ct-9646	90	8	for	for	ADP
ct-9646	90	9	2–3	2–3	NUM
ct-9646	90	10	days	day	NOUN
ct-9646	90	11	past	past	ADP
ct-9646	90	12	observation	observation	NOUN
ct-9646	90	13	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	90	14	normal	normal	ADJ
ct-9646	90	15	urination	urination	NOUN
ct-9646	90	16	to	to	PART
ct-9646	90	17	ensure	ensure	VERB
ct-9646	90	18	re	re	NOUN
ct-9646	90	19	-	-	NOUN
ct-9646	90	20	obstruction	obstruction	NOUN
ct-9646	90	21	has	have	AUX
ct-9646	90	22	not	not	PART
ct-9646	90	23	occurred	occur	VERB
ct-9646	90	24	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	91	1	surgical	surgical	ADJ
ct-9646	91	2	considerations	consideration	NOUN
ct-9646	91	3	the	the	DET
ct-9646	91	4	surgical	surgical	ADJ
ct-9646	91	5	procedure	procedure	NOUN
ct-9646	91	6	chosen	choose	VERB
ct-9646	91	7	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	91	8	highly	highly	ADV
ct-9646	91	9	case	case	NOUN
ct-9646	91	10	specific	specific	ADJ
ct-9646	91	11	with	with	ADP
ct-9646	91	12	important	important	ADJ
ct-9646	91	13	consideration	consideration	NOUN
ct-9646	91	14	given	give	VERB
ct-9646	91	15	to	to	ADP
ct-9646	91	16	the	the	DET
ct-9646	91	17	systemic	systemic	ADJ
ct-9646	91	18	health	health	NOUN
ct-9646	91	19	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	91	20	the	the	DET
ct-9646	91	21	patient	patient	NOUN
ct-9646	91	22	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	92	1	the	the	DET
ct-9646	92	2	success	success	NOUN
ct-9646	92	3	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	92	4	a	a	DET
ct-9646	92	5	tube	tube	NOUN
ct-9646	92	6	cystostomy	cystostomy	NOUN
ct-9646	92	7	procedure	procedure	NOUN
ct-9646	92	8	relies	rely	VERB
ct-9646	92	9	on	on	ADP
ct-9646	92	10	establishing	establish	VERB
ct-9646	92	11	normal	normal	ADJ
ct-9646	92	12	urine	urine	NOUN
ct-9646	92	13	flow	flow	NOUN
ct-9646	92	14	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	92	15	which	which	PRON
ct-9646	92	16	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	92	17	only	only	ADV
ct-9646	92	18	accomplished	accomplish	VERB
ct-9646	92	19	after	after	ADP
ct-9646	92	20	passing	pass	VERB
ct-9646	92	21	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	92	22	the	the	DET
ct-9646	92	23	obstructive	obstructive	ADJ
ct-9646	92	24	stones	stone	NOUN
ct-9646	92	25	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	93	1	oral	oral	ADJ
ct-9646	93	2	urinary	urinary	ADJ
ct-9646	93	3	acidifying	acidify	VERB
ct-9646	93	4	agents	agent	NOUN
ct-9646	93	5	are	be	AUX
ct-9646	93	6	used	use	VERB
ct-9646	93	7	to	to	PART
ct-9646	93	8	break	break	VERB
ct-9646	93	9	down	down	ADP
ct-9646	93	10	phosphatic	phosphatic	ADJ
ct-9646	93	11	stones	stone	NOUN
ct-9646	93	12	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	94	1	if	if	SCONJ
ct-9646	94	2	silicaor	silicaor	ADJ
ct-9646	94	3	calcium	calcium	NOUN
ct-9646	94	4	-	-	PUNCT
ct-9646	94	5	based	base	VERB
ct-9646	94	6	calculi	calculi	NOUN
ct-9646	94	7	are	be	AUX
ct-9646	94	8	suspected	suspect	VERB
ct-9646	94	9	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	94	10	other	other	ADJ
ct-9646	94	11	surgical	surgical	ADJ
ct-9646	94	12	techniques	technique	NOUN
ct-9646	94	13	besides	besides	SCONJ
ct-9646	94	14	a	a	DET
ct-9646	94	15	tube	tube	NOUN
ct-9646	94	16	cystostomy	cystostomy	NOUN
ct-9646	94	17	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	94	18	for	for	ADP
ct-9646	94	19	example	example	NOUN
ct-9646	94	20	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	94	21	an	an	DET
ct-9646	94	22	ischial	ischial	ADJ
ct-9646	94	23	urethrostomy	urethrostomy	NOUN
ct-9646	94	24	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	94	25	should	should	AUX
ct-9646	94	26	be	be	AUX
ct-9646	94	27	considered	consider	VERB
ct-9646	94	28	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	95	1	post	post	ADJ
ct-9646	95	2	-	-	ADJ
ct-9646	95	3	operative	operative	ADJ
ct-9646	95	4	management	management	NOUN
ct-9646	95	5	after	after	ADP
ct-9646	95	6	surgery	surgery	NOUN
ct-9646	95	7	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	95	8	all	all	DET
ct-9646	95	9	blood	blood	NOUN
ct-9646	95	10	work	work	NOUN
ct-9646	95	11	abnormalities	abnormality	NOUN
ct-9646	95	12	should	should	AUX
ct-9646	95	13	be	be	AUX
ct-9646	95	14	reassessed	reassess	VERB
ct-9646	95	15	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	95	16	corrected	correct	VERB
ct-9646	95	17	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	96	1	continued	continue	VERB
ct-9646	96	2	assessment	assessment	NOUN
ct-9646	96	3	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	96	4	hydration	hydration	NOUN
ct-9646	96	5	status	status	NOUN
ct-9646	96	6	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	96	7	necessary	necessary	ADJ
ct-9646	96	8	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	96	9	mild	mild	ADJ
ct-9646	96	10	diuresis	diuresis	NOUN
ct-9646	96	11	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	96	12	helpful	helpful	ADJ
ct-9646	96	13	to	to	PART
ct-9646	96	14	correct	correct	VERB
ct-9646	96	15	azotemia	azotemia	NOUN
ct-9646	96	16	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	96	17	prevent	prevent	VERB
ct-9646	96	18	blood	blood	NOUN
ct-9646	96	19	clot	clot	NOUN
ct-9646	96	20	formation	formation	NOUN
ct-9646	96	21	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	97	1	antimicrobial	antimicrobial	ADJ
ct-9646	97	2	therapy	therapy	NOUN
ct-9646	97	3	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	97	4	warranted	warrant	VERB
ct-9646	97	5	to	to	PART
ct-9646	97	6	prevent	prevent	VERB
ct-9646	97	7	urinary	urinary	ADJ
ct-9646	97	8	tract	tract	NOUN
ct-9646	97	9	infections	infection	NOUN
ct-9646	97	10	when	when	SCONJ
ct-9646	97	11	an	an	DET
ct-9646	97	12	indwelling	indwelling	NOUN
ct-9646	97	13	tube	tube	NOUN
ct-9646	97	14	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	97	15	present	present	ADJ
ct-9646	97	16	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	98	1	beta	beta	NOUN
ct-9646	98	2	-	-	PUNCT
ct-9646	98	3	lactams	lactam	NOUN
ct-9646	98	4	(	(	PUNCT
ct-9646	98	5	penicillins	penicillin	NOUN
ct-9646	98	6	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	98	7	cephalosporins	cephalosporin	NOUN
ct-9646	98	8	)	)	PUNCT
ct-9646	98	9	are	be	AUX
ct-9646	98	10	commonly	commonly	ADV
ct-9646	98	11	chosen	choose	VERB
ct-9646	98	12	due	due	ADP
ct-9646	98	13	to	to	ADP
ct-9646	98	14	their	their	PRON
ct-9646	98	15	good	good	ADJ
ct-9646	98	16	spectrum	spectrum	NOUN
ct-9646	98	17	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	98	18	activity	activity	NOUN
ct-9646	98	19	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	98	20	urinary	urinary	ADJ
ct-9646	98	21	excretion.15	excretion.15	NOUN
ct-9646	98	22	it	it	PRON
ct-9646	98	23	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	98	24	recommended	recommend	VERB
ct-9646	98	25	to	to	PART
ct-9646	98	26	submit	submit	VERB
ct-9646	98	27	urine	urine	NOUN
ct-9646	98	28	cultures	culture	NOUN
ct-9646	98	29	for	for	ADP
ct-9646	98	30	antimicrobial	antimicrobial	ADJ
ct-9646	98	31	decisions	decision	NOUN
ct-9646	98	32	since	since	SCONJ
ct-9646	98	33	the	the	DET
ct-9646	98	34	most	most	ADV
ct-9646	98	35	common	common	ADJ
ct-9646	98	36	bacteria	bacteria	NOUN
ct-9646	98	37	present	present	ADJ
ct-9646	98	38	after	after	ADP
ct-9646	98	39	foley	foley	PROPN
ct-9646	98	40	catheter	catheter	PROPN
ct-9646	98	41	placement	placement	NOUN
ct-9646	98	42	are	be	AUX
ct-9646	98	43	aerococcus	aerococcus	NOUN
ct-9646	98	44	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	98	45	enterococcus	enterococcus	NOUN
ct-9646	98	46	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	98	47	42	42	NUM
ct-9646	98	48	%	%	NOUN
ct-9646	98	49	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	98	50	cultures	culture	NOUN
ct-9646	98	51	were	be	AUX
ct-9646	98	52	resistant	resistant	ADJ
ct-9646	98	53	to	to	ADP
ct-9646	98	54	two	two	NUM
ct-9646	98	55	or	or	CCONJ
ct-9646	98	56	more	more	ADJ
ct-9646	98	57	antibiotics.16	antibiotics.16	PROPN
ct-9646	98	58	currently	currently	ADV
ct-9646	98	59	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	98	60	there	there	PRON
ct-9646	98	61	are	be	VERB
ct-9646	98	62	no	no	DET
ct-9646	98	63	approved	approve	VERB
ct-9646	98	64	antibiotics	antibiotic	NOUN
ct-9646	98	65	labeled	label	VERB
ct-9646	98	66	for	for	ADP
ct-9646	98	67	post	post	ADJ
ct-9646	98	68	-	-	ADJ
ct-9646	98	69	operative	operative	ADJ
ct-9646	98	70	surgical	surgical	ADJ
ct-9646	98	71	procedures	procedure	NOUN
ct-9646	98	72	or	or	CCONJ
ct-9646	98	73	for	for	ADP
ct-9646	98	74	treatment	treatment	NOUN
ct-9646	98	75	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	98	76	urinary	urinary	ADJ
ct-9646	98	77	tract	tract	NOUN
ct-9646	98	78	infections	infection	NOUN
ct-9646	98	79	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	98	80	ruminants	ruminant	NOUN
ct-9646	98	81	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	98	82	regulations	regulation	NOUN
ct-9646	98	83	for	for	ADP
ct-9646	98	84	extra	extra	ADJ
ct-9646	98	85	-	-	ADJ
ct-9646	98	86	label	label	ADJ
ct-9646	98	87	drug	drug	NOUN
ct-9646	98	88	use	use	NOUN
ct-9646	98	89	must	must	AUX
ct-9646	98	90	be	be	AUX
ct-9646	98	91	followed	follow	VERB
ct-9646	98	92	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	99	1	prevention	prevention	NOUN
ct-9646	99	2	it	it	PRON
ct-9646	99	3	may	may	AUX
ct-9646	99	4	not	not	PART
ct-9646	99	5	always	always	ADV
ct-9646	99	6	be	be	AUX
ct-9646	99	7	easy	easy	ADJ
ct-9646	99	8	to	to	PART
ct-9646	99	9	pinpoint	pinpoint	VERB
ct-9646	99	10	the	the	DET
ct-9646	99	11	causes	cause	NOUN
ct-9646	99	12	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	99	13	urolith	urolith	NOUN
ct-9646	99	14	formation	formation	NOUN
ct-9646	99	15	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	100	1	the	the	DET
ct-9646	100	2	most	most	ADV
ct-9646	100	3	important	important	ADJ
ct-9646	100	4	preventative	preventative	ADJ
ct-9646	100	5	measure	measure	NOUN
ct-9646	100	6	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	100	7	always	always	ADV
ct-9646	100	8	ready	ready	ADJ
ct-9646	100	9	access	access	NOUN
ct-9646	100	10	to	to	ADP
ct-9646	100	11	water	water	NOUN
ct-9646	100	12	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	101	1	maintenance	maintenance	NOUN
ct-9646	101	2	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	101	3	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
ct-9646	101	4	hydration	hydration	NOUN
ct-9646	101	5	will	will	AUX
ct-9646	101	6	result	result	VERB
ct-9646	101	7	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	101	8	less	less	ADV
ct-9646	101	9	concentrated	concentrated	ADJ
ct-9646	101	10	urine	urine	NOUN
ct-9646	101	11	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	101	12	preventing	prevent	VERB
ct-9646	101	13	supersaturation	supersaturation	NOUN
ct-9646	101	14	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	101	15	crystallization	crystallization	NOUN
ct-9646	101	16	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	102	1	increasing	increase	VERB
ct-9646	102	2	salt	salt	NOUN
ct-9646	102	3	intake	intake	NOUN
ct-9646	102	4	may	may	AUX
ct-9646	102	5	increase	increase	VERB
ct-9646	102	6	water	water	NOUN
ct-9646	102	7	intake	intake	NOUN
ct-9646	102	8	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	102	9	producing	produce	VERB
ct-9646	102	10	more	more	ADV
ct-9646	102	11	dilute	dilute	ADJ
ct-9646	102	12	urine	urine	NOUN
ct-9646	102	13	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	103	1	provision	provision	NOUN
ct-9646	103	2	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	103	3	loose	loose	ADJ
ct-9646	103	4	salt	salt	NOUN
ct-9646	103	5	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	103	6	rather	rather	ADV
ct-9646	103	7	than	than	ADP
ct-9646	103	8	salt	salt	NOUN
ct-9646	103	9	blocks	block	NOUN
ct-9646	103	10	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	103	11	increases	increase	VERB
ct-9646	103	12	cattle	cattle	NOUN
ct-9646	103	13	intake	intake	NOUN
ct-9646	103	14	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	104	1	analysis	analysis	NOUN
ct-9646	104	2	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	104	3	the	the	DET
ct-9646	104	4	diet	diet	NOUN
ct-9646	104	5	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	104	6	including	include	VERB
ct-9646	104	7	minerals	mineral	NOUN
ct-9646	104	8	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	104	9	may	may	AUX
ct-9646	104	10	be	be	AUX
ct-9646	104	11	useful	useful	ADJ
ct-9646	104	12	to	to	PART
ct-9646	104	13	identify	identify	VERB
ct-9646	104	14	predisposing	predispose	VERB
ct-9646	104	15	factors	factor	NOUN
ct-9646	104	16	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	105	1	a	a	DET
ct-9646	105	2	general	general	ADJ
ct-9646	105	3	guideline	guideline	NOUN
ct-9646	105	4	for	for	ADP
ct-9646	105	5	prevention	prevention	NOUN
ct-9646	105	6	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	105	7	phosphatic	phosphatic	ADJ
ct-9646	105	8	calculi	calculi	PROPN
ct-9646	105	9	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	105	10	to	to	PART
ct-9646	105	11	maintain	maintain	VERB
ct-9646	105	12	the	the	DET
ct-9646	105	13	calcium	calcium	NOUN
ct-9646	105	14	-	-	PUNCT
ct-9646	105	15	to	to	ADP
ct-9646	105	16	-	-	PUNCT
ct-9646	105	17	phosphorus	phosphorus	NOUN
ct-9646	105	18	ratio	ratio	NOUN
ct-9646	105	19	at	at	ADP
ct-9646	105	20	a	a	DET
ct-9646	105	21	level	level	NOUN
ct-9646	105	22	greater	great	ADJ
ct-9646	105	23	than	than	ADP
ct-9646	105	24	2:1.4	2:1.4	NUM
ct-9646	105	25	this	this	DET
ct-9646	105	26	calcium	calcium	NOUN
ct-9646	105	27	-	-	PUNCT
ct-9646	105	28	to	to	ADP
ct-9646	105	29	-	-	PUNCT
ct-9646	105	30	phosphorus	phosphorus	NOUN
ct-9646	105	31	figure	figure	NOUN
ct-9646	105	32	9	9	NUM
ct-9646	105	33	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	106	1	diagram	diagram	NOUN
ct-9646	106	2	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	106	3	a	a	DET
ct-9646	106	4	tube	tube	NOUN
ct-9646	106	5	cystostomy	cystostomy	NOUN
ct-9646	106	6	placement	placement	NOUN
ct-9646	106	7	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	106	8	a	a	DET
ct-9646	106	9	bull	bull	NOUN
ct-9646	106	10	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	107	1	figure	figure	NOUN
ct-9646	107	2	10	10	NUM
ct-9646	107	3	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	108	1	placement	placement	NOUN
ct-9646	108	2	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	108	3	a	a	DET
ct-9646	108	4	foley	foley	ADJ
ct-9646	108	5	catheter	catheter	NOUN
ct-9646	108	6	after	after	ADP
ct-9646	108	7	a	a	DET
ct-9646	108	8	tube	tube	NOUN
ct-9646	108	9	cystostomy	cystostomy	NOUN
ct-9646	108	10	procedure	procedure	NOUN
ct-9646	108	11	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	108	12	a	a	DET
ct-9646	108	13	bull	bull	NOUN
ct-9646	108	14	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	109	1	http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9646	http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9646	PROPN
ct-9646	109	2	10	10	NUM
ct-9646	109	3	citation	citation	NOUN
ct-9646	109	4	line	line	NOUN
ct-9646	109	5	:	:	PUNCT
ct-9646	109	6	clinical	clinical	ADJ
ct-9646	109	7	theriogenology	theriogenology	NOUN
ct-9646	109	8	2023	2023	NUM
ct-9646	109	9	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	109	10	15	15	NUM
ct-9646	109	11	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	109	12	9646	9646	NUM
ct-9646	109	13	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	109	14	http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9646	http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9646	NOUN
ct-9646	109	15	ratio	ratio	NOUN
ct-9646	109	16	may	may	AUX
ct-9646	109	17	be	be	AUX
ct-9646	109	18	facilitated	facilitate	VERB
ct-9646	109	19	by	by	ADP
ct-9646	109	20	decreasing	decrease	VERB
ct-9646	109	21	the	the	DET
ct-9646	109	22	amount	amount	NOUN
ct-9646	109	23	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	109	24	grain	grain	NOUN
ct-9646	109	25	fed	fed	PROPN
ct-9646	109	26	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	110	1	prevention	prevention	NOUN
ct-9646	110	2	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	110	3	silicate	silicate	ADJ
ct-9646	110	4	uroliths	urolith	NOUN
ct-9646	110	5	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	110	6	difficult	difficult	ADJ
ct-9646	110	7	when	when	SCONJ
ct-9646	110	8	pastures	pasture	NOUN
ct-9646	110	9	contain	contain	VERB
ct-9646	110	10	high	high	ADJ
ct-9646	110	11	levels	level	NOUN
ct-9646	110	12	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	110	13	unpolymerized	unpolymerized	ADJ
ct-9646	110	14	silicic	silicic	NOUN
ct-9646	110	15	acid	acid	NOUN
ct-9646	110	16	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	111	1	management	management	NOUN
ct-9646	111	2	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	111	3	dependent	dependent	ADJ
ct-9646	111	4	on	on	ADP
ct-9646	111	5	adequate	adequate	ADJ
ct-9646	111	6	water	water	NOUN
ct-9646	111	7	intake	intake	NOUN
ct-9646	111	8	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	112	1	prevention	prevention	NOUN
ct-9646	112	2	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	112	3	calcium	calcium	NOUN
ct-9646	112	4	carbonate	carbonate	NOUN
ct-9646	112	5	uroliths	urolith	NOUN
ct-9646	112	6	can	can	AUX
ct-9646	112	7	potentially	potentially	ADV
ct-9646	112	8	be	be	AUX
ct-9646	112	9	accomplished	accomplish	VERB
ct-9646	112	10	by	by	ADP
ct-9646	112	11	substituting	substitute	VERB
ct-9646	112	12	grass	grass	NOUN
ct-9646	112	13	hay	hay	NOUN
ct-9646	112	14	for	for	ADP
ct-9646	112	15	alfalfa	alfalfa	NOUN
ct-9646	112	16	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	113	1	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
ct-9646	113	2	when	when	SCONJ
ct-9646	113	3	treating	treat	VERB
ct-9646	113	4	bulls	bull	NOUN
ct-9646	113	5	for	for	ADP
ct-9646	113	6	urolithiasis	urolithiasis	NOUN
ct-9646	113	7	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	113	8	an	an	DET
ct-9646	113	9	important	important	ADJ
ct-9646	113	10	consideration	consideration	NOUN
ct-9646	113	11	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	113	12	 	 	SPACE
ct-9646	113	13	maintenance	maintenance	NOUN
ct-9646	113	14	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	113	15	their	their	PRON
ct-9646	113	16	breeding	breeding	NOUN
ct-9646	113	17	capacity	capacity	NOUN
ct-9646	113	18	by	by	ADP
ct-9646	113	19	ensuring	ensure	VERB
ct-9646	113	20	integrity	integrity	NOUN
ct-9646	113	21	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	113	22	 	 	SPACE
ct-9646	113	23	the	the	DET
ct-9646	113	24	urethra	urethra	NOUN
ct-9646	113	25	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	114	1	surgical	surgical	ADJ
ct-9646	114	2	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	114	3	medical	medical	ADJ
ct-9646	114	4	management	management	NOUN
ct-9646	114	5	are	be	AUX
ct-9646	114	6	often	often	ADV
ct-9646	114	7	combined	combine	VERB
ct-9646	114	8	to	to	PART
ct-9646	114	9	ensure	ensure	VERB
ct-9646	114	10	the	the	DET
ct-9646	114	11	best	good	ADJ
ct-9646	114	12	prognosis	prognosis	NOUN
ct-9646	114	13	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	114	14	return	return	VERB
ct-9646	114	15	to	to	ADP
ct-9646	114	16	breeding	breeding	NOUN
ct-9646	114	17	service	service	NOUN
ct-9646	114	18	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	115	1	prevention	prevention	NOUN
ct-9646	115	2	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	115	3	urolithiasis	urolithiasis	NOUN
ct-9646	115	4	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	115	5	based	base	VERB
ct-9646	115	6	on	on	ADP
ct-9646	115	7	free	free	ADJ
ct-9646	115	8	choice	choice	NOUN
ct-9646	115	9	water	water	NOUN
ct-9646	115	10	availability	availability	NOUN
ct-9646	115	11	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	115	12	but	but	CCONJ
ct-9646	115	13	other	other	ADJ
ct-9646	115	14	production	production	NOUN
ct-9646	115	15	techniques	technique	NOUN
ct-9646	115	16	can	can	AUX
ct-9646	115	17	be	be	AUX
ct-9646	115	18	implemented	implement	VERB
ct-9646	115	19	depending	depend	VERB
ct-9646	115	20	on	on	ADP
ct-9646	115	21	the	the	DET
ct-9646	115	22	type	type	NOUN
ct-9646	115	23	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	115	24	offending	offend	VERB
ct-9646	115	25	stones	stone	NOUN
ct-9646	115	26	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	116	1	familiarizing	familiarize	VERB
ct-9646	116	2	oneself	oneself	PRON
ct-9646	116	3	with	with	ADP
ct-9646	116	4	the	the	DET
ct-9646	116	5	diagnosis	diagnosis	NOUN
ct-9646	116	6	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	116	7	pathophysiology	pathophysiology	NOUN
ct-9646	116	8	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	116	9	treatment	treatment	NOUN
ct-9646	116	10	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	116	11	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	116	12	prevention	prevention	NOUN
ct-9646	116	13	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	116	14	urinary	urinary	ADJ
ct-9646	116	15	stones	stone	NOUN
ct-9646	116	16	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	116	17	breeding	breeding	NOUN
ct-9646	116	18	bulls	bull	NOUN
ct-9646	116	19	is	be	AUX
ct-9646	116	20	helpful	helpful	ADJ
ct-9646	116	21	for	for	ADP
ct-9646	116	22	any	any	DET
ct-9646	116	23	practitioner	practitioner	NOUN
ct-9646	116	24	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	117	1	acknowledgments	acknowledgment	NOUN
ct-9646	117	2	the	the	DET
ct-9646	117	3	authors	author	NOUN
ct-9646	117	4	would	would	AUX
ct-9646	117	5	like	like	VERB
ct-9646	117	6	to	to	PART
ct-9646	117	7	thank	thank	VERB
ct-9646	117	8	jennie	jennie	PROPN
ct-9646	117	9	c.	c.	PROPN
ct-9646	117	10	hill	hill	PROPN
ct-9646	117	11	for	for	ADP
ct-9646	117	12	her	her	PRON
ct-9646	117	13	creation	creation	NOUN
ct-9646	117	14	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	117	15	the	the	DET
ct-9646	117	16	drawings	drawing	NOUN
ct-9646	117	17	used	use	VERB
ct-9646	117	18	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	117	19	the	the	DET
ct-9646	117	20	publication	publication	NOUN
ct-9646	117	21	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	118	1	conflict	conflict	NOUN
ct-9646	118	2	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	118	3	interest	interest	NOUN
ct-9646	118	4	none	none	NOUN
ct-9646	118	5	to	to	PART
ct-9646	118	6	declare	declare	VERB
ct-9646	118	7	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	119	1	references	reference	NOUN
ct-9646	119	2	1	1	NUM
ct-9646	119	3	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	119	4	hawkins	hawkins	PROPN
ct-9646	119	5	ww	ww	PROPN
ct-9646	119	6	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	119	7	jr	jr	PROPN
ct-9646	119	8	:	:	PUNCT
ct-9646	119	9	experimental	experimental	ADJ
ct-9646	119	10	production	production	NOUN
ct-9646	119	11	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	119	12	control	control	NOUN
ct-9646	119	13	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	119	14	urolithiasis	urolithiasis	NOUN
ct-9646	119	15	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	120	1	j	j	PROPN
ct-9646	120	2	am	be	AUX
ct-9646	120	3	vet	vet	NOUN
ct-9646	120	4	med	med	ADJ
ct-9646	120	5	assoc	assoc	PROPN
ct-9646	120	6	1965;147:1321–1323	1965;147:1321–1323	PROPN
ct-9646	120	7	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	121	1	2	2	X
ct-9646	121	2	.	.	X
ct-9646	121	3	udall	udall	PROPN
ct-9646	121	4	rh	rh	PROPN
ct-9646	121	5	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	121	6	jensen	jensen	PROPN
ct-9646	121	7	r	r	PROPN
ct-9646	121	8	:	:	PUNCT
ct-9646	121	9	studies	study	NOUN
ct-9646	121	10	on	on	ADP
ct-9646	121	11	urolithiasis	urolithiasis	NOUN
ct-9646	121	12	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	122	1	ii	ii	PROPN
ct-9646	122	2	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	123	1	the	the	DET
ct-9646	123	2	occurrence	occurrence	NOUN
ct-9646	123	3	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	123	4	feedlot	feedlot	NOUN
ct-9646	123	5	lambs	lamb	NOUN
ct-9646	123	6	following	follow	VERB
ct-9646	123	7	implantations	implantation	NOUN
ct-9646	123	8	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	123	9	diethylstilbestrol	diethylstilbestrol	NOUN
ct-9646	123	10	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	124	1	j	j	PROPN
ct-9646	124	2	am	be	AUX
ct-9646	124	3	vet	vet	NOUN
ct-9646	124	4	med	med	ADJ
ct-9646	124	5	assoc	assoc	NOUN
ct-9646	124	6	1958;133:514–516	1958;133:514–516	NUM
ct-9646	124	7	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	125	1	3	3	X
ct-9646	125	2	.	.	X
ct-9646	125	3	oehme	oehme	PROPN
ct-9646	125	4	fw	fw	PROPN
ct-9646	125	5	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	125	6	tillmann	tillmann	NOUN
ct-9646	125	7	h	h	NOUN
ct-9646	125	8	:	:	PUNCT
ct-9646	125	9	diagnosis	diagnosis	NOUN
ct-9646	125	10	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	125	11	treatment	treatment	NOUN
ct-9646	125	12	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	125	13	ruminant	ruminant	NOUN
ct-9646	125	14	urolithiasis	urolithiasis	NOUN
ct-9646	125	15	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	126	1	j	j	PROPN
ct-9646	126	2	am	be	AUX
ct-9646	126	3	vet	vet	NOUN
ct-9646	126	4	med	med	ADJ
ct-9646	126	5	assoc	assoc	PROPN
ct-9646	126	6	1965;147:1331–1339	1965;147:1331–1339	NUM
ct-9646	126	7	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	127	1	4	4	NUM
ct-9646	127	2	.	.	X
ct-9646	127	3	byers	byers	PROPN
ct-9646	127	4	sr	sr	PROPN
ct-9646	127	5	:	:	PUNCT
ct-9646	127	6	urolithiasis	urolithiasis	PROPN
ct-9646	127	7	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	128	1	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	128	2	:	:	PUNCT
ct-9646	128	3	smith	smith	PROPN
ct-9646	128	4	bp	bp	PROPN
ct-9646	128	5	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	128	6	van	van	PROPN
ct-9646	128	7	metre	metre	PROPN
ct-9646	128	8	dc	dc	PROPN
ct-9646	128	9	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	128	10	pusterla	pusterla	NOUN
ct-9646	128	11	n	n	CCONJ
ct-9646	128	12	:	:	PUNCT
ct-9646	128	13	editors	editor	NOUN
ct-9646	128	14	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	129	1	large	large	ADJ
ct-9646	129	2	animal	animal	NOUN
ct-9646	129	3	internal	internal	ADJ
ct-9646	129	4	medicine	medicine	NOUN
ct-9646	129	5	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	130	1	6th	6th	ADJ
ct-9646	130	2	edition	edition	PROPN
ct-9646	130	3	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	130	4	st	st	PROPN
ct-9646	130	5	.	.	PROPN
ct-9646	130	6	louis	louis	PROPN
ct-9646	130	7	;	;	PUNCT
ct-9646	130	8	mosby	mosby	PROPN
ct-9646	130	9	:	:	PUNCT
ct-9646	130	10	2020	2020	NUM
ct-9646	130	11	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	131	1	p.	p.	NOUN
ct-9646	131	2	956–1005	956–1005	NUM
ct-9646	131	3	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	132	1	5	5	X
ct-9646	132	2	.	.	X
ct-9646	132	3	grissett	grissett	PROPN
ct-9646	132	4	g	g	NOUN
ct-9646	132	5	:	:	PUNCT
ct-9646	132	6	management	management	NOUN
ct-9646	132	7	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	132	8	urolithiasis	urolithiasis	NOUN
ct-9646	132	9	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	133	1	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	133	2	:	:	PUNCT
ct-9646	133	3	hopper	hopper	PROPN
ct-9646	133	4	rm	rm	PROPN
ct-9646	133	5	:	:	PUNCT
ct-9646	133	6	editor	editor	NOUN
ct-9646	133	7	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	134	1	bovine	bovine	NOUN
ct-9646	134	2	reproduction	reproduction	NOUN
ct-9646	134	3	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	135	1	2nd	2nd	PROPN
ct-9646	135	2	edition	edition	PROPN
ct-9646	135	3	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	135	4	hoboken	hoboken	PROPN
ct-9646	135	5	;	;	PUNCT
ct-9646	135	6	wiley	wiley	NOUN
ct-9646	135	7	-	-	PUNCT
ct-9646	135	8	blackwell	blackwell	PROPN
ct-9646	135	9	:	:	PUNCT
ct-9646	135	10	2021	2021	NUM
ct-9646	135	11	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	136	1	p.	p.	NOUN
ct-9646	136	2	230–241	230–241	NUM
ct-9646	136	3	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	137	1	6	6	NUM
ct-9646	137	2	.	.	X
ct-9646	137	3	swingle	swingle	PROPN
ct-9646	137	4	kf	kf	PROPN
ct-9646	137	5	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	137	6	marsh	marsh	PROPN
ct-9646	137	7	h	h	PROPN
ct-9646	137	8	:	:	PUNCT
ct-9646	137	9	vitamin	vitamin	VERB
ct-9646	137	10	a	a	DET
ct-9646	137	11	deficiency	deficiency	NOUN
ct-9646	137	12	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	137	13	urolithiasis	urolithiasis	NOUN
ct-9646	137	14	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	137	15	range	range	NOUN
ct-9646	137	16	cattle	cattle	NOUN
ct-9646	137	17	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	138	1	am	be	AUX
ct-9646	138	2	j	j	PROPN
ct-9646	138	3	vet	vet	NOUN
ct-9646	138	4	res	re	NOUN
ct-9646	138	5	1956;17:415–424	1956;17:415–424	NUM
ct-9646	138	6	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	139	1	7	7	NUM
ct-9646	139	2	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	139	3	larson	larson	PROPN
ct-9646	139	4	b	b	PROPN
ct-9646	139	5	:	:	PUNCT
ct-9646	139	6	identifying	identifying	NOUN
ct-9646	139	7	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	139	8	treating	treating	NOUN
ct-9646	139	9	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	139	10	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	139	11	preventing	prevent	VERB
ct-9646	139	12	bovine	bovine	NOUN
ct-9646	139	13	urolithiasis	urolithiasis	NOUN
ct-9646	139	14	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	140	1	vet	vet	NOUN
ct-9646	140	2	med	med	ADJ
ct-9646	140	3	1996;91:366–377	1996;91:366–377	PROPN
ct-9646	140	4	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	141	1	8	8	NUM
ct-9646	141	2	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	142	1	sockett	sockett	PROPN
ct-9646	142	2	d	d	PROPN
ct-9646	142	3	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	142	4	knight	knight	VERB
ct-9646	142	5	a	a	DET
ct-9646	142	6	:	:	PUNCT
ct-9646	142	7	metabolic	metabolic	NOUN
ct-9646	142	8	changes	change	NOUN
ct-9646	142	9	associated	associate	VERB
ct-9646	142	10	with	with	ADP
ct-9646	142	11	obstructive	obstructive	ADJ
ct-9646	142	12	urolithiasis	urolithiasis	NOUN
ct-9646	142	13	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	142	14	cattle	cattle	NOUN
ct-9646	142	15	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	143	1	compend	compend	VERB
ct-9646	143	2	contin	contin	PROPN
ct-9646	143	3	educ	educ	PROPN
ct-9646	143	4	vet	vet	NOUN
ct-9646	143	5	1984;6	1984;6	NUM
ct-9646	143	6	:	:	PUNCT
ct-9646	143	7	s311	s311	NUM
ct-9646	143	8	–	–	PUNCT
ct-9646	143	9	s315	s315	PROPN
ct-9646	143	10	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	144	1	9	9	X
ct-9646	144	2	.	.	X
ct-9646	144	3	eh	eh	INTJ
ct-9646	144	4	s	s	NOUN
ct-9646	144	5	:	:	PUNCT
ct-9646	144	6	urinary	urinary	ADJ
ct-9646	144	7	calculi	calculi	NOUN
ct-9646	144	8	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	144	9	feedlot	feedlot	NOUN
ct-9646	144	10	cattle	cattle	NOUN
ct-9646	144	11	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	145	1	report	report	NOUN
ct-9646	145	2	on	on	ADP
ct-9646	145	3	treatment	treatment	NOUN
ct-9646	145	4	with	with	ADP
ct-9646	145	5	amino	amino	PROPN
ct-9646	145	6	promazine	promazine	PROPN
ct-9646	145	7	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	146	1	j	j	PROPN
ct-9646	146	2	am	be	AUX
ct-9646	146	3	vet	vet	NOUN
ct-9646	146	4	med	med	ADJ
ct-9646	146	5	assoc	assoc	PROPN
ct-9646	146	6	1960;137:665–667	1960;137:665–667	NUM
ct-9646	146	7	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	147	1	10	10	NUM
ct-9646	147	2	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	148	1	murray	murray	PROPN
ct-9646	148	2	m	m	PROPN
ct-9646	148	3	:	:	PUNCT
ct-9646	148	4	urolithiasis	urolithiasis	ADJ
ct-9646	148	5	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	148	6	a	a	DET
ct-9646	148	7	ram	ram	NOUN
ct-9646	148	8	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	149	1	compend	compend	VERB
ct-9646	149	2	contin	contin	PROPN
ct-9646	149	3	educ	educ	PROPN
ct-9646	149	4	vet	vet	NOUN
ct-9646	149	5	1985;7	1985;7	NUM
ct-9646	149	6	:	:	PUNCT
ct-9646	149	7	s269	s269	NUM
ct-9646	149	8	–	–	PUNCT
ct-9646	149	9	s273	s273	PROPN
ct-9646	149	10	.	.	PROPN
ct-9646	149	11	11	11	NUM
ct-9646	149	12	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	150	1	van	van	PROPN
ct-9646	150	2	metre	metre	PROPN
ct-9646	150	3	dc	dc	PROPN
ct-9646	150	4	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	150	5	house	house	PROPN
ct-9646	150	6	jk	jk	PROPN
ct-9646	150	7	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	150	8	smith	smith	PROPN
ct-9646	150	9	bp	bp	PROPN
ct-9646	150	10	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	150	11	et	et	PROPN
ct-9646	150	12	al	al	PROPN
ct-9646	150	13	:	:	PUNCT
ct-9646	150	14	obstructive	obstructive	ADJ
ct-9646	150	15	urolithiasis	urolithiasis	NOUN
ct-9646	150	16	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	150	17	ruminants	ruminant	NOUN
ct-9646	150	18	:	:	PUNCT
ct-9646	150	19	medical	medical	ADJ
ct-9646	150	20	treatment	treatment	NOUN
ct-9646	150	21	and	and	CCONJ
ct-9646	150	22	urethral	urethral	ADJ
ct-9646	150	23	surgery	surgery	NOUN
ct-9646	150	24	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	151	1	compend	compend	VERB
ct-9646	151	2	contin	contin	PROPN
ct-9646	151	3	educ	educ	PROPN
ct-9646	151	4	vet	vet	NOUN
ct-9646	151	5	1996;18:317–327	1996;18:317–327	NOUN
ct-9646	151	6	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	152	1	12	12	NUM
ct-9646	152	2	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	153	1	newcomer	newcomer	PROPN
ct-9646	153	2	b	b	PROPN
ct-9646	153	3	:	:	PUNCT
ct-9646	153	4	anesthetic	anesthetic	ADJ
ct-9646	153	5	management	management	NOUN
ct-9646	153	6	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	153	7	specific	specific	ADJ
ct-9646	153	8	procedures	procedure	NOUN
ct-9646	153	9	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	154	1	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	154	2	:	:	PUNCT
ct-9646	154	3	lin	lin	PROPN
ct-9646	154	4	h	h	PROPN
ct-9646	154	5	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	154	6	passler	passler	NOUN
ct-9646	154	7	t	t	PROPN
ct-9646	154	8	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	154	9	clark	clark	NOUN
ct-9646	154	10	-	-	PUNCT
ct-9646	154	11	price	price	NOUN
ct-9646	154	12	s	s	NOUN
ct-9646	154	13	:	:	PUNCT
ct-9646	154	14	editors	editor	NOUN
ct-9646	154	15	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	155	1	farm	farm	NOUN
ct-9646	155	2	animal	animal	NOUN
ct-9646	155	3	anesthesia	anesthesia	PROPN
ct-9646	155	4	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	156	1	2nd	2nd	PROPN
ct-9646	156	2	edition	edition	PROPN
ct-9646	156	3	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	156	4	hoboken	hoboken	PROPN
ct-9646	156	5	;	;	PUNCT
ct-9646	156	6	wiley	wiley	NOUN
ct-9646	156	7	-	-	PUNCT
ct-9646	156	8	blackwell	blackwell	PROPN
ct-9646	156	9	:	:	PUNCT
ct-9646	156	10	2022	2022	NUM
ct-9646	156	11	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	157	1	p.	p.	NOUN
ct-9646	157	2	189–206	189–206	NUM
ct-9646	157	3	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	158	1	13	13	NUM
ct-9646	158	2	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	159	1	wolfe	wolfe	PROPN
ct-9646	159	2	df	df	PROPN
ct-9646	159	3	:	:	PUNCT
ct-9646	159	4	urolithiasis	urolithiasis	NOUN
ct-9646	159	5	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	160	1	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	160	2	:	:	PUNCT
ct-9646	160	3	wolfe	wolfe	PROPN
ct-9646	160	4	df	df	PROPN
ct-9646	160	5	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	160	6	moll	moll	PROPN
ct-9646	160	7	hd	hd	PROPN
ct-9646	160	8	:	:	PUNCT
ct-9646	160	9	editors	editor	NOUN
ct-9646	160	10	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	161	1	large	large	ADJ
ct-9646	161	2	animal	animal	NOUN
ct-9646	161	3	urogential	urogential	ADJ
ct-9646	161	4	surgery	surgery	NOUN
ct-9646	161	5	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	162	1	2nd	2nd	PROPN
ct-9646	162	2	edition	edition	PROPN
ct-9646	162	3	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	162	4	baltimore	baltimore	PROPN
ct-9646	162	5	;	;	PUNCT
ct-9646	162	6	williams	williams	PROPN
ct-9646	162	7	&	&	CCONJ
ct-9646	162	8	wilkins	wilkins	PROPN
ct-9646	162	9	:	:	PUNCT
ct-9646	162	10	1999	1999	NUM
ct-9646	162	11	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	163	1	p.	p.	NOUN
ct-9646	163	2	349–359	349–359	NUM
ct-9646	163	3	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	164	1	14	14	NUM
ct-9646	164	2	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	165	1	hastings	hastings	PROPN
ct-9646	165	2	dh	dh	NOUN
ct-9646	165	3	:	:	PUNCT
ct-9646	165	4	retention	retention	NOUN
ct-9646	165	5	catheters	catheter	NOUN
ct-9646	165	6	for	for	ADP
ct-9646	165	7	treatment	treatment	NOUN
ct-9646	165	8	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	165	9	steers	steer	NOUN
ct-9646	165	10	with	with	ADP
ct-9646	165	11	ruptured	ruptured	ADJ
ct-9646	165	12	bladders	bladder	NOUN
ct-9646	165	13	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	166	1	j	j	PROPN
ct-9646	166	2	am	be	AUX
ct-9646	166	3	vet	vet	NOUN
ct-9646	166	4	med	med	ADJ
ct-9646	166	5	assoc	assoc	NOUN
ct-9646	166	6	1965;147:1329–1330	1965;147:1329–1330	PROPN
ct-9646	166	7	.	.	PROPN
ct-9646	166	8	15	15	NUM
ct-9646	166	9	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	167	1	ewoldt	ewoldt	PROPN
ct-9646	167	2	j	j	PROPN
ct-9646	167	3	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	167	4	jones	jones	PROPN
ct-9646	167	5	m	m	PROPN
ct-9646	167	6	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	167	7	miesner	miesner	NOUN
ct-9646	167	8	m	m	PROPN
ct-9646	167	9	:	:	PUNCT
ct-9646	167	10	surgery	surgery	NOUN
ct-9646	167	11	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	167	12	obstructive	obstructive	ADJ
ct-9646	167	13	urolithiasis	urolithiasis	NOUN
ct-9646	167	14	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	167	15	ruminants	ruminant	NOUN
ct-9646	167	16	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	168	1	vet	vet	NOUN
ct-9646	168	2	clin	clin	PROPN
ct-9646	168	3	north	north	PROPN
ct-9646	168	4	am	be	AUX
ct-9646	168	5	food	food	NOUN
ct-9646	168	6	anim	anim	NOUN
ct-9646	168	7	pract	pract	PROPN
ct-9646	168	8	2008;24	2008;24	NUM
ct-9646	168	9	:	:	PUNCT
ct-9646	168	10	455–465	455–465	NUM
ct-9646	168	11	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	169	1	doi	doi	NOUN
ct-9646	169	2	:	:	PUNCT
ct-9646	169	3	10.1016	10.1016	NUM
ct-9646	169	4	/	/	SYM
ct-9646	169	5	j.cvfa.2008.06.003	j.cvfa.2008.06.003	ADJ
ct-9646	169	6	16	16	NUM
ct-9646	169	7	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	170	1	chigerwe	chigerwe	PROPN
ct-9646	170	2	m	m	PROPN
ct-9646	170	3	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	170	4	mavangira	mavangira	NOUN
ct-9646	170	5	v	v	NOUN
ct-9646	170	6	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	170	7	byrne	byrne	PROPN
ct-9646	170	8	ba	ba	PROPN
ct-9646	170	9	,	,	PUNCT
ct-9646	170	10	et	et	PROPN
ct-9646	170	11	al	al	PROPN
ct-9646	170	12	:	:	PUNCT
ct-9646	170	13	antibiotic	antibiotic	ADJ
ct-9646	170	14	resistance	resistance	NOUN
ct-9646	170	15	 	 	SPACE
ct-9646	170	16	patterns	pattern	NOUN
ct-9646	170	17	of	of	ADP
ct-9646	170	18	bacteria	bacteria	NOUN
ct-9646	170	19	isolated	isolate	VERB
ct-9646	170	20	from	from	ADP
ct-9646	170	21	indwelling	indwell	VERB
ct-9646	170	22	foley	foley	ADJ
ct-9646	170	23	catheters	catheter	NOUN
ct-9646	170	24	following	follow	VERB
ct-9646	170	25	tube	tube	NOUN
ct-9646	170	26	cystostomy	cystostomy	NOUN
ct-9646	170	27	in	in	ADP
ct-9646	170	28	goats	goat	NOUN
ct-9646	170	29	with	with	ADP
ct-9646	170	30	obstructive	obstructive	ADJ
ct-9646	170	31	urolithiasis	urolithiasis	NOUN
ct-9646	170	32	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	171	1	j	j	PROPN
ct-9646	171	2	vet	vet	PROPN
ct-9646	171	3	diagn	diagn	PROPN
ct-9646	171	4	invest	invest	VERB
ct-9646	171	5	2017;29:316–320	2017;29:316–320	NOUN
ct-9646	171	6	.	.	PUNCT
ct-9646	172	1	doi	doi	NOUN
ct-9646	172	2	:	:	PUNCT
ct-9646	172	3	10.1177/	10.1177/	PROPN
ct-9646	172	4	1040638717695607	1040638717695607	NUM
ct-9646	172	5	http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9646	http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v15.9646	PROPN
ct-9646	172	6	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvfa.2008.06.003	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvfa.2008.06.003	PROPN
ct-9646	172	7	https://doi.org/10.1177/104063871769​5607	https://doi.org/10.1177/104063871769​5607	VERB