id sid tid token lemma pos ct-9972 1 1 1 1 NUM ct-9972 1 2 contact contact NOUN ct-9972 1 3 allan allan PROPN ct-9972 1 4 gunn gunn PROPN ct-9972 1 5 allangunn@bigpond.com allangunn@bigpond.com X ct-9972 2 1 © © PROPN ct-9972 2 2 2024 2024 NUM ct-9972 2 3 the the DET ct-9972 2 4 author(s author(s NOUN ct-9972 2 5 ) ) PUNCT ct-9972 2 6 . . PUNCT ct-9972 3 1 this this PRON ct-9972 3 2 is be AUX ct-9972 3 3 an an DET ct-9972 3 4 open open ADJ ct-9972 3 5 access access NOUN ct-9972 3 6 article article NOUN ct-9972 3 7 distributed distribute VERB ct-9972 3 8 under under ADP ct-9972 3 9 the the DET ct-9972 3 10 terms term NOUN ct-9972 3 11 of of ADP ct-9972 3 12 the the DET ct-9972 3 13 creative creative ADJ ct-9972 3 14 commons common NOUN ct-9972 3 15 attribution attribution NOUN ct-9972 3 16 - - PUNCT ct-9972 3 17 noncommercial noncommercial ADJ ct-9972 3 18 4.0 4.0 NUM ct-9972 3 19 international international ADJ ct-9972 3 20 license license NOUN ct-9972 3 21 ( ( PUNCT ct-9972 3 22 http:// http:// PROPN ct-9972 3 23 creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ NOUN ct-9972 3 24 ) ) PUNCT ct-9972 3 25 , , PUNCT ct-9972 3 26 permitting permit VERB ct-9972 3 27 all all DET ct-9972 3 28 noncommercial noncommercial ADJ ct-9972 3 29 use use NOUN ct-9972 3 30 , , PUNCT ct-9972 3 31 distribution distribution NOUN ct-9972 3 32 , , PUNCT ct-9972 3 33 and and CCONJ ct-9972 3 34 reproduction reproduction NOUN ct-9972 3 35 in in ADP ct-9972 3 36 any any DET ct-9972 3 37 medium medium NOUN ct-9972 3 38 , , PUNCT ct-9972 3 39 provided provide VERB ct-9972 3 40 the the DET ct-9972 3 41 original original ADJ ct-9972 3 42 work work NOUN ct-9972 3 43 is be AUX ct-9972 3 44 properly properly ADV ct-9972 3 45 cited cite VERB ct-9972 3 46 . . PUNCT ct-9972 4 1 citation citation NOUN ct-9972 4 2 line line NOUN ct-9972 4 3 : : PUNCT ct-9972 4 4 clinical clinical ADJ ct-9972 4 5 theriogenology theriogenology NOUN ct-9972 4 6 2024 2024 NUM ct-9972 4 7 , , PUNCT ct-9972 4 8 16 16 NUM ct-9972 4 9 , , PUNCT ct-9972 4 10 9972 9972 NUM ct-9972 4 11 , , PUNCT ct-9972 4 12 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v16.9972 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v16.9972 PROPN ct-9972 4 13 research research PROPN ct-9972 4 14 report report NOUN ct-9972 4 15 effect effect NOUN ct-9972 4 16 of of ADP ct-9972 4 17 incorrect incorrect ADJ ct-9972 4 18 storage storage NOUN ct-9972 4 19 of of ADP ct-9972 4 20 bull bull NOUN ct-9972 4 21 semen semen NOUN ct-9972 4 22 samples sample NOUN ct-9972 4 23 on on ADP ct-9972 4 24 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 4 25 morphology morphology NOUN ct-9972 4 26 assessment assessment NOUN ct-9972 4 27 allan allan PROPN ct-9972 4 28 gunn gunn PROPN ct-9972 4 29 , , PUNCT ct-9972 4 30 a a DET ct-9972 4 31 mark mark NOUN ct-9972 4 32 bakerb bakerb NOUN ct-9972 4 33 aschool aschool NOUN ct-9972 4 34 of of ADP ct-9972 4 35 agricultural agricultural ADJ ct-9972 4 36 , , PUNCT ct-9972 4 37 environmental environmental ADJ ct-9972 4 38 and and CCONJ ct-9972 4 39 veterinary veterinary ADJ ct-9972 4 40 sciences science NOUN ct-9972 4 41 , , PUNCT ct-9972 4 42 faculty faculty NOUN ct-9972 4 43 of of ADP ct-9972 4 44 science science NOUN ct-9972 4 45 and and CCONJ ct-9972 4 46 health health NOUN ct-9972 4 47 , , PUNCT ct-9972 4 48 and and CCONJ ct-9972 4 49 the the DET ct-9972 4 50 gulbali gulbali PROPN ct-9972 4 51 institute institute PROPN ct-9972 4 52 , , PUNCT ct-9972 4 53 charles charles PROPN ct-9972 4 54 sturt sturt PROPN ct-9972 4 55 university university PROPN ct-9972 4 56 , , PUNCT ct-9972 4 57 wagga wagga PROPN ct-9972 4 58 wagga wagga PROPN ct-9972 4 59 , , PUNCT ct-9972 4 60 australia australia PROPN ct-9972 4 61 bpriority bpriority PROPN ct-9972 4 62 research research NOUN ct-9972 4 63 centre centre NOUN ct-9972 4 64 , , PUNCT ct-9972 4 65 school school NOUN ct-9972 4 66 of of ADP ct-9972 4 67 environmental environmental ADJ ct-9972 4 68 and and CCONJ ct-9972 4 69 life life NOUN ct-9972 4 70 sciences science NOUN ct-9972 4 71 , , PUNCT ct-9972 4 72 university university PROPN ct-9972 4 73 of of ADP ct-9972 4 74 newcastle newcastle PROPN ct-9972 4 75 , , PUNCT ct-9972 4 76 callaghan callaghan PROPN ct-9972 4 77 , , PUNCT ct-9972 5 1 australia australia PROPN ct-9972 5 2 abstract abstract ADJ ct-9972 5 3 thirteen thirteen NUM ct-9972 5 4 pairs pair NOUN ct-9972 5 5 of of ADP ct-9972 5 6 bull bull NOUN ct-9972 5 7 semen semen NOUN ct-9972 5 8 samples sample NOUN ct-9972 5 9 were be AUX ct-9972 5 10 assessed assess VERB ct-9972 5 11 . . PUNCT ct-9972 6 1 one one NUM ct-9972 6 2 of of ADP ct-9972 6 3 each each DET ct-9972 6 4 pair pair NOUN ct-9972 6 5 of of ADP ct-9972 6 6 samples sample NOUN ct-9972 6 7 was be AUX ct-9972 6 8 inadvertently inadvertently ADV ct-9972 6 9 stored store VERB ct-9972 6 10 in in ADP ct-9972 6 11 phosphate phosphate ADJ ct-9972 6 12 buffered buffer VERB ct-9972 6 13 saline saline NOUN ct-9972 6 14 ( ( PUNCT ct-9972 6 15 pbs pbs PROPN ct-9972 6 16 ) ) PUNCT ct-9972 6 17 that that PRON ct-9972 6 18 was be AUX ct-9972 6 19 used use VERB ct-9972 6 20 for for ADP ct-9972 6 21 analysis analysis NOUN ct-9972 6 22 of of ADP ct-9972 6 23 motility motility NOUN ct-9972 6 24 immediately immediately ADV ct-9972 6 25 after after ADP ct-9972 6 26 collection collection NOUN ct-9972 6 27 . . PUNCT ct-9972 7 1 other other ADJ ct-9972 7 2 sample sample NOUN ct-9972 7 3 of of ADP ct-9972 7 4 the the DET ct-9972 7 5 pair pair NOUN ct-9972 7 6 that that PRON ct-9972 7 7 was be AUX ct-9972 7 8 correctly correctly ADV ct-9972 7 9 stored store VERB ct-9972 7 10 in in ADP ct-9972 7 11 buffered buffer VERB ct-9972 7 12 formol formol NOUN ct-9972 7 13 saline saline NOUN ct-9972 7 14 ( ( PUNCT ct-9972 7 15 bfs bfs NOUN ct-9972 7 16 ) ) PUNCT ct-9972 7 17 was be AUX ct-9972 7 18 assessed assess VERB ct-9972 7 19 later later ADV ct-9972 7 20 . . PUNCT ct-9972 8 1 proportion proportion NOUN ct-9972 8 2 of of ADP ct-9972 8 3 morphologically morphologically ADV ct-9972 8 4 normal normal ADJ ct-9972 8 5 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 8 6 was be AUX ct-9972 8 7 different different ADJ ct-9972 8 8 ( ( PUNCT ct-9972 8 9 p p X ct-9972 8 10 = = PROPN ct-9972 8 11 0.0021 0.0021 NUM ct-9972 8 12 ) ) PUNCT ct-9972 8 13 between between ADP ct-9972 8 14 the the DET ct-9972 8 15 2 2 NUM ct-9972 8 16 storage storage NOUN ct-9972 8 17 methods method NOUN ct-9972 8 18 . . PUNCT ct-9972 9 1 most most ADJ ct-9972 9 2 of of ADP ct-9972 9 3 the the DET ct-9972 9 4 abnormalities abnormality NOUN ct-9972 9 5 in in ADP ct-9972 9 6 the the DET ct-9972 9 7 pbs pbs PROPN ct-9972 9 8 samples sample NOUN ct-9972 9 9 were be AUX ct-9972 9 10 loose loose ADJ ct-9972 9 11 and and CCONJ ct-9972 9 12 detached detached ADJ ct-9972 9 13 heads head NOUN ct-9972 9 14 . . PUNCT ct-9972 10 1 closer close ADJ ct-9972 10 2 examination examination NOUN ct-9972 10 3 of of ADP ct-9972 10 4 these these DET ct-9972 10 5 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 10 6 illustrated illustrate VERB ct-9972 10 7 changes change NOUN ct-9972 10 8 in in ADP ct-9972 10 9 the the DET ct-9972 10 10 composition composition NOUN ct-9972 10 11 of of ADP ct-9972 10 12 the the DET ct-9972 10 13 tail tail NOUN ct-9972 10 14 , , PUNCT ct-9972 10 15 with with ADP ct-9972 10 16 an an DET ct-9972 10 17 apparent apparent ADJ ct-9972 10 18 loss loss NOUN ct-9972 10 19 of of ADP ct-9972 10 20 the the DET ct-9972 10 21 plasma plasma NOUN ct-9972 10 22 membrane membrane NOUN ct-9972 10 23 . . PUNCT ct-9972 11 1 this this DET ct-9972 11 2 serendipitous serendipitous ADJ ct-9972 11 3 error error NOUN ct-9972 11 4 allowed allow VERB ct-9972 11 5 documentation documentation NOUN ct-9972 11 6 of of ADP ct-9972 11 7 the the DET ct-9972 11 8 importance importance NOUN ct-9972 11 9 of of ADP ct-9972 11 10 correct correct ADJ ct-9972 11 11 storage storage NOUN ct-9972 11 12 of of ADP ct-9972 11 13 semen semen NOUN ct-9972 11 14 samples sample NOUN ct-9972 11 15 for for ADP ct-9972 11 16 morphological morphological ADJ ct-9972 11 17 assessment assessment NOUN ct-9972 11 18 of of ADP ct-9972 11 19 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 11 20 , , PUNCT ct-9972 11 21 and and CCONJ ct-9972 11 22 the the DET ct-9972 11 23 tertiary tertiary ADJ ct-9972 11 24 defects defect NOUN ct-9972 11 25 detected detect VERB ct-9972 11 26 with with ADP ct-9972 11 27 the the DET ct-9972 11 28 incorrect incorrect ADJ ct-9972 11 29 storage storage NOUN ct-9972 11 30 of of ADP ct-9972 11 31 semen semen NOUN ct-9972 11 32 samples sample NOUN ct-9972 11 33 in in ADP ct-9972 11 34 semen semen NOUN ct-9972 11 35 extender extender NOUN ct-9972 11 36 . . PUNCT ct-9972 12 1 tertiary tertiary ADJ ct-9972 12 2 defects defect NOUN ct-9972 12 3 should should AUX ct-9972 12 4 always always ADV ct-9972 12 5 be be AUX ct-9972 12 6 considered consider VERB ct-9972 12 7 a a DET ct-9972 12 8 possibility possibility NOUN ct-9972 12 9 during during ADP ct-9972 12 10 morphological morphological ADJ ct-9972 12 11 assessment assessment NOUN ct-9972 12 12 of of ADP ct-9972 12 13 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 12 14 via via ADP ct-9972 12 15 spermiogram spermiogram PROPN ct-9972 12 16 . . PUNCT ct-9972 13 1 keywords keyword NOUN ct-9972 13 2 : : PUNCT ct-9972 13 3 bull bull NOUN ct-9972 13 4 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 13 5 , , PUNCT ct-9972 13 6 tertiary tertiary ADJ ct-9972 13 7 morphological morphological ADJ ct-9972 13 8 abnormalities abnormality NOUN ct-9972 13 9 , , PUNCT ct-9972 13 10 detached detach VERB ct-9972 13 11 heads head NOUN ct-9972 13 12 introduction introduction NOUN ct-9972 13 13 fertility fertility NOUN ct-9972 13 14 has have AUX ct-9972 13 15 been be AUX ct-9972 13 16 defined define VERB ct-9972 13 17 as as ADP ct-9972 13 18 the the DET ct-9972 13 19 ability ability NOUN ct-9972 13 20 to to PART ct-9972 13 21 produce produce VERB ct-9972 13 22 young young ADJ ct-9972 13 23 , , PUNCT ct-9972 13 24 that that SCONJ ct-9972 13 25 for for ADP ct-9972 13 26 a a DET ct-9972 13 27 male male ADJ ct-9972 13 28 means mean NOUN ct-9972 13 29 there there PRON ct-9972 13 30 is be VERB ct-9972 13 31 a a DET ct-9972 13 32 requirement requirement NOUN ct-9972 13 33 to to PART ct-9972 13 34 produce produce VERB ct-9972 13 35 viable viable ADJ ct-9972 13 36 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 13 37 . . PUNCT ct-9972 14 1 assessment assessment NOUN ct-9972 14 2 of of ADP ct-9972 14 3 the the DET ct-9972 14 4 quality quality NOUN ct-9972 14 5 of of ADP ct-9972 14 6 the the DET ct-9972 14 7 ejaculate ejaculate NOUN ct-9972 14 8 from from ADP ct-9972 14 9 a a DET ct-9972 14 10 male male ADJ ct-9972 14 11 animal animal NOUN ct-9972 14 12 requires require VERB ct-9972 14 13 examination examination NOUN ct-9972 14 14 of of ADP ct-9972 14 15 a a DET ct-9972 14 16 semen semen NOUN ct-9972 14 17 sample sample NOUN ct-9972 14 18 via via ADP ct-9972 14 19 spermiogram spermiogram PROPN ct-9972 14 20 . . PUNCT ct-9972 15 1 color color NOUN ct-9972 15 2 of of ADP ct-9972 15 3 the the DET ct-9972 15 4 ejaculate ejaculate NOUN ct-9972 15 5 , , PUNCT ct-9972 15 6 and and CCONJ ct-9972 15 7 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 15 8 motility motility NOUN ct-9972 15 9 and and CCONJ ct-9972 15 10 morphology morphology NOUN ct-9972 15 11 are be AUX ct-9972 15 12 assessed assess VERB ct-9972 15 13 to to PART ct-9972 15 14 identify identify VERB ct-9972 15 15 the the DET ct-9972 15 16 likelihood likelihood NOUN ct-9972 15 17 of of ADP ct-9972 15 18 bulls bull NOUN ct-9972 15 19 that that PRON ct-9972 15 20 are be AUX ct-9972 15 21 infertile infertile ADJ ct-9972 15 22 or or CCONJ ct-9972 15 23 subfertile subfertile ADJ ct-9972 15 24 . . PUNCT ct-9972 16 1 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 16 2 morphology morphology NOUN ct-9972 16 3 is be AUX ct-9972 16 4 arguably arguably ADV ct-9972 16 5 the the DET ct-9972 16 6 most most ADV ct-9972 16 7 important important ADJ ct-9972 16 8 criterion criterion NOUN ct-9972 16 9 for for ADP ct-9972 16 10 assessing assess VERB ct-9972 16 11 fertility fertility NOUN ct-9972 16 12 , , PUNCT ct-9972 16 13 with with ADP ct-9972 16 14 teratozoospermia teratozoospermia NOUN ct-9972 16 15 an an DET ct-9972 16 16 often often ADV ct-9972 16 17 under under ADV ct-9972 16 18 - - PUNCT ct-9972 16 19 rated rate VERB ct-9972 16 20 aspect aspect NOUN ct-9972 16 21 of of ADP ct-9972 16 22 subfertility subfertility NOUN ct-9972 16 23 or or CCONJ ct-9972 16 24 compromised compromise VERB ct-9972 16 25 fertility.1 fertility.1 PROPN ct-9972 16 26 features feature NOUN ct-9972 16 27 determining determine VERB ct-9972 16 28 semen semen NOUN ct-9972 16 29 quality quality NOUN ct-9972 16 30 are be AUX ct-9972 16 31 interrelated interrelate VERB ct-9972 16 32 to to ADP ct-9972 16 33 at at ADP ct-9972 16 34 least least ADJ ct-9972 16 35 some some PRON ct-9972 16 36 degree.2 degree.2 PROPN ct-9972 16 37 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 16 38 morphology morphology NOUN ct-9972 16 39 are be AUX ct-9972 16 40 classified classify VERB ct-9972 16 41 in in ADP ct-9972 16 42 several several ADJ ct-9972 16 43 ways way NOUN ct-9972 16 44 : : PUNCT ct-9972 16 45 1 1 NUM ct-9972 16 46 . . X ct-9972 16 47 primary primary ADJ ct-9972 16 48 , , PUNCT ct-9972 16 49 secondary secondary ADJ ct-9972 16 50 or or CCONJ ct-9972 16 51 tertiary tertiary ADJ ct-9972 16 52 classification classification NOUN ct-9972 16 53 based base VERB ct-9972 16 54 on on ADP ct-9972 16 55 the the DET ct-9972 16 56 origin origin NOUN ct-9972 16 57 of of ADP ct-9972 16 58 the the DET ct-9972 16 59 lesion lesion NOUN ct-9972 16 60 ( ( PUNCT ct-9972 16 61 testis testis NOUN ct-9972 16 62 , , PUNCT ct-9972 16 63 epididymis epididymis NOUN ct-9972 16 64 or or CCONJ ct-9972 16 65 handling handling NOUN ct-9972 16 66 / / SYM ct-9972 16 67 processing processing NOUN ct-9972 16 68 respectively respectively ADV ct-9972 16 69 ) ) PUNCT ct-9972 16 70 , , PUNCT ct-9972 16 71 2 2 X ct-9972 16 72 . . NUM ct-9972 16 73 major major ADJ ct-9972 16 74 or or CCONJ ct-9972 16 75 minor minor ADJ ct-9972 16 76 abnormalities abnormality NOUN ct-9972 16 77 based base VERB ct-9972 16 78 on on ADP ct-9972 16 79 the the DET ct-9972 16 80 actual actual ADJ ct-9972 16 81 or or CCONJ ct-9972 16 82 perceived perceive VERB ct-9972 16 83 detrimental detrimental ADJ ct-9972 16 84 effects effect NOUN ct-9972 16 85 on on ADP ct-9972 16 86 fertility fertility NOUN ct-9972 16 87 , , PUNCT ct-9972 16 88 3 3 X ct-9972 16 89 . . NOUN ct-9972 16 90 anatomical anatomical ADJ ct-9972 16 91 location location NOUN ct-9972 16 92 of of ADP ct-9972 16 93 the the DET ct-9972 16 94 lesion lesion NOUN ct-9972 16 95 on on ADP ct-9972 16 96 the the DET ct-9972 16 97 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 16 98 ( ( PUNCT ct-9972 16 99 head head NOUN ct-9972 16 100 , , PUNCT ct-9972 16 101 midpiece midpiece ADJ ct-9972 16 102 , , PUNCT ct-9972 16 103 tail tail NOUN ct-9972 16 104 ) ) PUNCT ct-9972 16 105 , , PUNCT ct-9972 16 106 and and CCONJ ct-9972 16 107 4 4 X ct-9972 16 108 . . X ct-9972 16 109 compensable compensable ADJ ct-9972 16 110 or or CCONJ ct-9972 16 111 noncompensable noncompensable ADJ ct-9972 16 112 defects defect NOUN ct-9972 16 113 , , PUNCT ct-9972 16 114 depending depend VERB ct-9972 16 115 on on ADP ct-9972 16 116 the the DET ct-9972 16 117 effect effect NOUN ct-9972 16 118 of of ADP ct-9972 16 119 the the DET ct-9972 16 120 relative relative ADJ ct-9972 16 121 number number NOUN ct-9972 16 122 of of ADP ct-9972 16 123 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 16 124 required require VERB ct-9972 16 125 in in ADP ct-9972 16 126 the the DET ct-9972 16 127 breeding breed VERB ct-9972 16 128 dose.1,2 dose.1,2 PROPN ct-9972 16 129 we we PRON ct-9972 16 130 report report VERB ct-9972 16 131 observing observe VERB ct-9972 16 132 teratozoospermia teratozoospermia NOUN ct-9972 16 133 because because SCONJ ct-9972 16 134 of of ADP ct-9972 16 135 inadvertent inadvertent ADJ ct-9972 16 136 incorrect incorrect ADJ ct-9972 16 137 storage storage NOUN ct-9972 16 138 ( ( PUNCT ct-9972 16 139 phosphate phosphate ADJ ct-9972 16 140 buffered buffer VERB ct-9972 16 141 saline saline NOUN ct-9972 16 142 [ [ X ct-9972 16 143 pbs pbs X ct-9972 16 144 ] ] PUNCT ct-9972 16 145 ) ) PUNCT ct-9972 16 146 of of ADP ct-9972 16 147 semen semen NOUN ct-9972 16 148 samples sample NOUN ct-9972 16 149 . . PUNCT ct-9972 17 1 morphological morphological ADJ ct-9972 17 2 defects defect NOUN ct-9972 17 3 were be AUX ct-9972 17 4 classified classify VERB ct-9972 17 5 anatomically anatomically ADV ct-9972 17 6 , , PUNCT ct-9972 17 7 with with SCONJ ct-9972 17 8 most most ADJ ct-9972 17 9 samples sample NOUN ct-9972 17 10 initially initially ADV ct-9972 17 11 submitted submit VERB ct-9972 17 12 having have VERB ct-9972 17 13 a a DET ct-9972 17 14 large large ADJ ct-9972 17 15 proportion proportion NOUN ct-9972 17 16 of of ADP ct-9972 17 17 morphologically morphologically ADV ct-9972 17 18 abnormal abnormal ADJ ct-9972 17 19 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 17 20 . . PUNCT ct-9972 18 1 aim aim NOUN ct-9972 18 2 of of ADP ct-9972 18 3 this this DET ct-9972 18 4 report report NOUN ct-9972 18 5 is be AUX ct-9972 18 6 to to PART ct-9972 18 7 illustrate illustrate VERB ct-9972 18 8 the the DET ct-9972 18 9 differences difference NOUN ct-9972 18 10 , , PUNCT ct-9972 18 11 and and CCONJ ct-9972 18 12 to to PART ct-9972 18 13 highlight highlight VERB ct-9972 18 14 the the DET ct-9972 18 15 importance importance NOUN ct-9972 18 16 of of ADP ct-9972 18 17 , , PUNCT ct-9972 18 18 correct correct ADJ ct-9972 18 19 storage storage NOUN ct-9972 18 20 ( ( PUNCT ct-9972 18 21 in in ADP ct-9972 18 22 10 10 NUM ct-9972 18 23 % % NOUN ct-9972 18 24 buffered buffer VERB ct-9972 18 25 formal formal ADJ ct-9972 18 26 saline saline NOUN ct-9972 18 27 [ [ X ct-9972 18 28 bfs bfs NOUN ct-9972 18 29 ] ] X ct-9972 18 30 ) ) PUNCT ct-9972 18 31 . . PUNCT ct-9972 19 1 materials material NOUN ct-9972 19 2 and and CCONJ ct-9972 19 3 methods method NOUN ct-9972 19 4 semen seman NOUN ct-9972 19 5 was be AUX ct-9972 19 6 collected collect VERB ct-9972 19 7 from from ADP ct-9972 19 8 clinical clinical ADJ ct-9972 19 9 cases case NOUN ct-9972 19 10 ( ( PUNCT ct-9972 19 11 animal animal NOUN ct-9972 19 12 care care NOUN ct-9972 19 13 and and CCONJ ct-9972 19 14 ethics ethic NOUN ct-9972 19 15 committee committee PROPN ct-9972 19 16 approval approval NOUN ct-9972 19 17 was be AUX ct-9972 19 18 not not PART ct-9972 19 19 required require VERB ct-9972 19 20 ) ) PUNCT ct-9972 19 21 via via ADP ct-9972 19 22 electroejaculation electroejaculation NOUN ct-9972 19 23 , , PUNCT ct-9972 19 24 and and CCONJ ct-9972 19 25 samples sample NOUN ct-9972 19 26 ( ( PUNCT ct-9972 19 27 for for ADP ct-9972 19 28 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 19 29 morphological morphological ADJ ct-9972 19 30 assessment assessment NOUN ct-9972 19 31 ) ) PUNCT ct-9972 19 32 were be AUX ct-9972 19 33 submitted submit VERB ct-9972 19 34 in in ADP ct-9972 19 35 1.5 1.5 NUM ct-9972 19 36 ml ml NOUN ct-9972 19 37 snap snap VERB ct-9972 19 38 top top ADJ ct-9972 19 39 eppendorf eppendorf PROPN ct-9972 19 40 tubes tube NOUN ct-9972 19 41 containing contain VERB ct-9972 19 42 1.0 1.0 NUM ct-9972 19 43 ml ml NOUN ct-9972 19 44 diluent diluent PROPN ct-9972 19 45 . . PUNCT ct-9972 20 1 samples sample NOUN ct-9972 20 2 initially initially ADV ct-9972 20 3 assessed assess VERB ct-9972 20 4 were be AUX ct-9972 20 5 submitted submit VERB ct-9972 20 6 in in ADP ct-9972 20 7 diluent diluent NOUN ct-9972 20 8 consisting consist VERB ct-9972 20 9 of of ADP ct-9972 20 10 isotonic isotonic ADJ ct-9972 20 11 pbs pbs PROPN ct-9972 20 12 that that PRON ct-9972 20 13 was be AUX ct-9972 20 14 used use VERB ct-9972 20 15 to to PART ct-9972 20 16 assess assess VERB ct-9972 20 17 bull bull NOUN ct-9972 20 18 - - PUNCT ct-9972 20 19 side side NOUN ct-9972 20 20 motility motility NOUN ct-9972 20 21 . . PUNCT ct-9972 21 1 these these DET ct-9972 21 2 samples sample NOUN ct-9972 21 3 were be AUX ct-9972 21 4 prepared prepare VERB ct-9972 21 5 10 10 NUM ct-9972 21 6 days day NOUN ct-9972 21 7 after after ADP ct-9972 21 8 collection collection NOUN ct-9972 21 9 , , PUNCT ct-9972 21 10 and and CCONJ ct-9972 21 11 microscopically microscopically ADV ct-9972 21 12 assessed assess VERB ct-9972 21 13 11 11 NUM ct-9972 21 14 and and CCONJ ct-9972 21 15 12 12 NUM ct-9972 21 16 days day NOUN ct-9972 21 17 after after ADP ct-9972 21 18 collection collection NOUN ct-9972 21 19 . . PUNCT ct-9972 22 1 the the DET ct-9972 22 2 correct correct ADJ ct-9972 22 3 samples sample NOUN ct-9972 22 4 , , PUNCT ct-9972 22 5 consisting consist VERB ct-9972 22 6 of of ADP ct-9972 22 7 200 200 NUM ct-9972 22 8 µl µl NOUN ct-9972 22 9 of of ADP ct-9972 22 10 raw raw ADJ ct-9972 22 11 semen semen NOUN ct-9972 22 12 collected collect VERB ct-9972 22 13 onsite onsite ADJ ct-9972 22 14 and and CCONJ ct-9972 22 15 placed place VERB ct-9972 22 16 in in ADP ct-9972 22 17 1 1 NUM ct-9972 22 18 ml ml NUM ct-9972 22 19 10 10 NUM ct-9972 22 20 % % NOUN ct-9972 22 21 bfs bfs NOUN ct-9972 22 22 , , PUNCT ct-9972 22 23 were be AUX ct-9972 22 24 submitted submit VERB ct-9972 22 25 and and CCONJ ct-9972 22 26 assessed assess VERB ct-9972 22 27 2 2 NUM ct-9972 22 28 months month NOUN ct-9972 22 29 after after ADP ct-9972 22 30 collection collection NOUN ct-9972 22 31 . . PUNCT ct-9972 23 1 at at ADP ct-9972 23 2 the the DET ct-9972 23 3 laboratory laboratory NOUN ct-9972 23 4 , , PUNCT ct-9972 23 5 the the DET ct-9972 23 6 contents content NOUN ct-9972 23 7 of of ADP ct-9972 23 8 the the DET ct-9972 23 9 eppendorf eppendorf PROPN ct-9972 23 10 tubes tube NOUN ct-9972 23 11 were be AUX ct-9972 23 12 gently gently ADV ct-9972 23 13 agitated agitated ADJ ct-9972 23 14 , , PUNCT ct-9972 23 15 and and CCONJ ct-9972 23 16 20 20 NUM ct-9972 23 17 µl µl NOUN ct-9972 23 18 of of ADP ct-9972 23 19 the the DET ct-9972 23 20 eppendorf eppendorf PROPN ct-9972 23 21 tube tube NOUN ct-9972 23 22 contents content NOUN ct-9972 23 23 were be AUX ct-9972 23 24 placed place VERB ct-9972 23 25 on on ADP ct-9972 23 26 a a DET ct-9972 23 27 25 25 NUM ct-9972 23 28 x x SYM ct-9972 23 29 75 75 NUM ct-9972 23 30 mm mm NOUN ct-9972 23 31 microscope microscope NOUN ct-9972 23 32 slide slide NOUN ct-9972 23 33 ( ( PUNCT ct-9972 23 34 westlab westlab NOUN ct-9972 23 35 25 25 NUM ct-9972 23 36 x x SYM ct-9972 23 37 75 75 NUM ct-9972 23 38 x1 x1 NUM ct-9972 23 39     SPACE ct-9972 23 40 mm mm PROPN ct-9972 23 41 ; ; PUNCT ct-9972 23 42 www.westlab.com.au www.westlab.com.au PROPN ct-9972 23 43 ) ) PUNCT ct-9972 23 44 . . PUNCT ct-9972 24 1 a a DET ct-9972 24 2 22 22 NUM ct-9972 24 3 x x SYM ct-9972 24 4 40 40 NUM ct-9972 24 5 mm mm NOUN ct-9972 24 6 cover cover NOUN ct-9972 24 7 slip slip NOUN ct-9972 24 8 mailto:allangunn@bigpond.com mailto:allangunn@bigpond.com X ct-9972 25 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v16.9972 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v16.9972 PROPN ct-9972 25 2 http://www.westlab.com.au http://www.westlab.com.au PROPN ct-9972 25 3 2 2 NUM ct-9972 25 4 citation citation NOUN ct-9972 25 5 line line NOUN ct-9972 25 6 : : PUNCT ct-9972 25 7 clinical clinical ADJ ct-9972 25 8 theriogenology theriogenology NOUN ct-9972 25 9 2024 2024 NUM ct-9972 25 10 , , PUNCT ct-9972 25 11 16 16 NUM ct-9972 25 12 , , PUNCT ct-9972 25 13 9972 9972 NUM ct-9972 25 14 , , PUNCT ct-9972 25 15 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v16.9972 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v16.9972 PROPN ct-9972 25 16 ( ( PUNCT ct-9972 25 17 menzel menzel ADJ ct-9972 25 18 - - PUNCT ct-9972 25 19 glasser glasser NOUN ct-9972 25 20 ; ; PUNCT ct-9972 25 21 deckglasser deckglasser NOUN ct-9972 25 22 22 22 NUM ct-9972 25 23 x x SYM ct-9972 25 24 40 40 NUM ct-9972 25 25 # # NOUN ct-9972 25 26 1 1 NUM ct-9972 25 27 ) ) PUNCT ct-9972 25 28 was be AUX ct-9972 25 29 placed place VERB ct-9972 25 30 over over ADP ct-9972 25 31 the the DET ct-9972 25 32 drop drop NOUN ct-9972 25 33 and and CCONJ ct-9972 25 34 left leave VERB ct-9972 25 35 overnight overnight ADV ct-9972 25 36 to to PART ct-9972 25 37 settle settle VERB ct-9972 25 38 . . PUNCT ct-9972 26 1 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 26 2 on on ADP ct-9972 26 3 the the DET ct-9972 26 4 slide slide NOUN ct-9972 26 5 were be AUX ct-9972 26 6 evaluated evaluate VERB ct-9972 26 7 morphologically morphologically ADV ct-9972 26 8 using use VERB ct-9972 26 9 oil oil NOUN ct-9972 26 10 immersion immersion NOUN ct-9972 26 11 1000 1000 NUM ct-9972 26 12 x x SYM ct-9972 26 13 differential differential ADJ ct-9972 26 14 interference interference NOUN ct-9972 26 15 microscopy microscopy NOUN ct-9972 26 16 ( ( PUNCT ct-9972 26 17 nikon nikon PROPN ct-9972 26 18 eclipse eclipse PROPN ct-9972 26 19 80i 80i NUM ct-9972 26 20 ) ) PUNCT ct-9972 26 21 . . PUNCT ct-9972 27 1 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 27 2 morphology morphology NOUN ct-9972 27 3 was be AUX ct-9972 27 4 assessed assess VERB ct-9972 27 5 , , PUNCT ct-9972 27 6 and and CCONJ ct-9972 27 7 the the DET ct-9972 27 8 anatomical anatomical ADJ ct-9972 27 9 abnormalities abnormality NOUN ct-9972 27 10 were be AUX ct-9972 27 11 recorded record VERB ct-9972 27 12 . . PUNCT ct-9972 28 1 one one NUM ct-9972 28 2 hundred hundred NUM ct-9972 28 3 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 28 4 were be AUX ct-9972 28 5 counted count VERB ct-9972 28 6 and and CCONJ ct-9972 28 7 classified classify VERB ct-9972 28 8 per per ADP ct-9972 28 9 slide slide NOUN ct-9972 28 10 . . PUNCT ct-9972 29 1 data datum NOUN ct-9972 29 2 were be AUX ct-9972 29 3 analysed analyse VERB ct-9972 29 4 by by ADP ct-9972 29 5 comparing compare VERB ct-9972 29 6 the the DET ct-9972 29 7 median median ADJ ct-9972 29 8 percent percent NOUN ct-9972 29 9 normal normal ADJ ct-9972 29 10 morphology morphology NOUN ct-9972 29 11 in in ADP ct-9972 29 12 each each DET ct-9972 29 13 group group NOUN ct-9972 29 14 using use VERB ct-9972 29 15 paired pair VERB ct-9972 29 16 wilcoxon wilcoxon ADJ ct-9972 29 17 test test NOUN ct-9972 29 18 and and CCONJ ct-9972 29 19 p p NOUN ct-9972 29 20 value value NOUN ct-9972 29 21 was be AUX ct-9972 29 22 set set VERB ct-9972 29 23 at at ADP ct-9972 29 24 ≤ ≤ NUM ct-9972 29 25 0.05 0.05 NUM ct-9972 29 26 for for ADP ct-9972 29 27 significance significance NOUN ct-9972 29 28 . . PUNCT ct-9972 30 1 results result VERB ct-9972 30 2 thirteen thirteen NUM ct-9972 30 3 pairs pair NOUN ct-9972 30 4 of of ADP ct-9972 30 5 samples sample NOUN ct-9972 30 6 were be AUX ct-9972 30 7 submitted submit VERB ct-9972 30 8 and and CCONJ ct-9972 30 9 analysed analyse VERB ct-9972 30 10 after after ADP ct-9972 30 11 the the DET ct-9972 30 12 initial initial ADJ ct-9972 30 13 submission submission NOUN ct-9972 30 14 error error NOUN ct-9972 30 15 . . PUNCT ct-9972 31 1 comparison comparison NOUN ct-9972 31 2 of of ADP ct-9972 31 3 the the DET ct-9972 31 4 13 13 NUM ct-9972 31 5 paired pair VERB ct-9972 31 6 pbs pbs NOUN ct-9972 31 7 and and CCONJ ct-9972 31 8 bfs bfs NOUN ct-9972 31 9 samples sample NOUN ct-9972 31 10 revealed reveal VERB ct-9972 31 11 substantial substantial ADJ ct-9972 31 12 differences difference NOUN ct-9972 31 13 in in ADP ct-9972 31 14 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 31 15 morphology morphology NOUN ct-9972 31 16 between between ADP ct-9972 31 17 the the DET ct-9972 31 18 storage storage NOUN ct-9972 31 19 methods method NOUN ct-9972 31 20 . . PUNCT ct-9972 32 1 for for ADP ct-9972 32 2 good good ADJ ct-9972 32 3 fertility fertility NOUN ct-9972 32 4 there there PRON ct-9972 32 5 should should AUX ct-9972 32 6 be be AUX ct-9972 32 7 a a DET ct-9972 32 8 minimum minimum NOUN ct-9972 32 9 of of ADP ct-9972 32 10 70 70 NUM ct-9972 32 11 % % NOUN ct-9972 32 12 morphologically morphologically ADV ct-9972 32 13 normal normal ADJ ct-9972 32 14 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 32 15 in in ADP ct-9972 32 16 an an DET ct-9972 32 17 ejaculate ejaculate NOUN ct-9972 32 18 , , PUNCT ct-9972 32 19 with with ADP ct-9972 32 20 not not PART ct-9972 32 21 > > SYM ct-9972 32 22 20 20 NUM ct-9972 32 23 % % NOUN ct-9972 32 24 having have VERB ct-9972 32 25 nuclear nuclear ADJ ct-9972 32 26 abnormalities abnormality NOUN ct-9972 32 27 or or CCONJ ct-9972 32 28 proximal proximal ADJ ct-9972 32 29 droplets droplet NOUN ct-9972 32 30 , , PUNCT ct-9972 32 31 and and CCONJ ct-9972 32 32 not not PART ct-9972 32 33 > > SYM ct-9972 32 34 25 25 NUM ct-9972 32 35 % % NOUN ct-9972 32 36 acrosomal acrosomal NOUN ct-9972 32 37 or or CCONJ ct-9972 32 38 tail tail NOUN ct-9972 32 39 abnormalities.3 abnormalities.3 NOUN ct-9972 32 40 bfs bfs NOUN ct-9972 32 41 samples sample NOUN ct-9972 32 42 had have VERB ct-9972 32 43 12/13 12/13 NUM ct-9972 32 44 with with ADP ct-9972 32 45 ≥ ≥ NUM ct-9972 32 46 68 68 NUM ct-9972 32 47 % % NOUN ct-9972 32 48 morphologically morphologically ADV ct-9972 32 49 normal normal ADJ ct-9972 32 50 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 32 51 and and CCONJ ct-9972 32 52 1/13 1/13 NUM ct-9972 32 53 of of ADP ct-9972 32 54 the the DET ct-9972 32 55 pbs pbs PROPN ct-9972 32 56 samples sample NOUN ct-9972 32 57 had have VERB ct-9972 32 58 ≥ ≥ NOUN ct-9972 32 59 68 68 NUM ct-9972 32 60 % % NOUN ct-9972 32 61 normal normal ADJ ct-9972 32 62 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 32 63 with with ADP ct-9972 32 64 5/13 5/13 NUM ct-9972 32 65 having have VERB ct-9972 32 66 < < X ct-9972 32 67 20 20 NUM ct-9972 32 68 % % NOUN ct-9972 32 69 normal normal ADJ ct-9972 32 70 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 32 71 . . PUNCT ct-9972 33 1 there there PRON ct-9972 33 2 were be VERB ct-9972 33 3 2 2 NUM ct-9972 33 4 samples sample NOUN ct-9972 33 5 in in ADP ct-9972 33 6 the the DET ct-9972 33 7 bfs bfs NOUN ct-9972 33 8 cohort cohort NOUN ct-9972 33 9 that that PRON ct-9972 33 10 had have VERB ct-9972 33 11 ≥ ≥ NOUN ct-9972 33 12 19 19 NUM ct-9972 33 13 % % NOUN ct-9972 33 14 loose loose ADJ ct-9972 33 15 or or CCONJ ct-9972 33 16 detached detach VERB ct-9972 33 17 heads head NOUN ct-9972 33 18 compared compare VERB ct-9972 33 19 to to ADP ct-9972 33 20 12 12 NUM ct-9972 33 21 in in ADP ct-9972 33 22 the the DET ct-9972 33 23 pbs pbs PROPN ct-9972 33 24 cohort cohort NOUN ct-9972 33 25 that that PRON ct-9972 33 26 had have VERB ct-9972 33 27 ≥ ≥ NUM ct-9972 33 28 35 35 NUM ct-9972 33 29 % % NOUN ct-9972 33 30 ( ( PUNCT ct-9972 33 31 7 7 NUM ct-9972 33 32 of of ADP ct-9972 33 33 them they PRON ct-9972 33 34 had have VERB ct-9972 33 35 ≥ ≥ NOUN ct-9972 33 36 55 55 NUM ct-9972 33 37 % % NOUN ct-9972 33 38 loose loose ADJ ct-9972 33 39 or or CCONJ ct-9972 33 40 detached detach VERB ct-9972 33 41 heads head NOUN ct-9972 34 1 [ [ X ct-9972 34 2 table table NOUN ct-9972 34 3 1 1 NUM ct-9972 34 4 ] ] PUNCT ct-9972 34 5 ) ) PUNCT ct-9972 34 6 . . PUNCT ct-9972 35 1 most most ADJ ct-9972 35 2 abnormalities abnormality NOUN ct-9972 35 3 recorded record VERB ct-9972 35 4 in in ADP ct-9972 35 5 the the DET ct-9972 35 6 pbs pbs PROPN ct-9972 35 7 samples sample NOUN ct-9972 35 8 were be AUX ct-9972 35 9 a a DET ct-9972 35 10 combination combination NOUN ct-9972 35 11 of of ADP ct-9972 35 12 loose loose ADJ ct-9972 35 13 and and CCONJ ct-9972 35 14 detached detached ADJ ct-9972 35 15 heads head NOUN ct-9972 35 16 . . PUNCT ct-9972 36 1 there there PRON ct-9972 36 2 were be VERB ct-9972 36 3 differences difference NOUN ct-9972 36 4 ( ( PUNCT ct-9972 36 5 p p X ct-9972 36 6 = = NOUN ct-9972 36 7 0.0021 0.0021 NUM ct-9972 36 8 ) ) PUNCT ct-9972 36 9 in in ADP ct-9972 36 10 the the DET ct-9972 36 11 percentage percentage NOUN ct-9972 36 12 of of ADP ct-9972 36 13 morphologically morphologically ADV ct-9972 36 14 normal normal ADJ ct-9972 36 15 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 36 16 between between ADP ct-9972 36 17 ( ( PUNCT ct-9972 36 18 figure figure NOUN ct-9972 36 19 1 1 NUM ct-9972 36 20 ) ) PUNCT ct-9972 36 21 pbs pbs PROPN ct-9972 36 22 and and CCONJ ct-9972 36 23 bfs bfs NOUN ct-9972 36 24 groups group NOUN ct-9972 36 25 . . PUNCT ct-9972 37 1 most most ADJ ct-9972 37 2 of of ADP ct-9972 37 3 the the DET ct-9972 37 4 abnormal abnormal ADJ ct-9972 37 5 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 37 6 were be AUX ct-9972 37 7 classified classify VERB ct-9972 37 8 as as ADP ct-9972 37 9 either either CCONJ ct-9972 37 10 loose loose ADJ ct-9972 37 11 ( ( PUNCT ct-9972 37 12 figure figure NOUN ct-9972 37 13 2 2 NUM ct-9972 37 14 a a PRON ct-9972 37 15 - - PUNCT ct-9972 37 16 b b NOUN ct-9972 37 17 ; ; PUNCT ct-9972 37 18 b. b. PROPN ct-9972 37 19 ) ) PUNCT ct-9972 37 20 or or CCONJ ct-9972 37 21 detached detach VERB ct-9972 37 22 heads head NOUN ct-9972 37 23 ( ( PUNCT ct-9972 37 24 figure figure VERB ct-9972 37 25 2 2 NUM ct-9972 37 26 a a PRON ct-9972 37 27 - - PUNCT ct-9972 37 28 b b NOUN ct-9972 37 29 ; ; PUNCT ct-9972 37 30 a. a. NOUN ct-9972 37 31 ) ) PUNCT ct-9972 37 32 . . PUNCT ct-9972 38 1 a a DET ct-9972 38 2 substantial substantial ADJ ct-9972 38 3 proportion proportion NOUN ct-9972 38 4 of of ADP ct-9972 38 5 remaining remaining ADJ ct-9972 38 6 tail tail NOUN ct-9972 38 7 portions portion NOUN ct-9972 38 8 ( ( PUNCT ct-9972 38 9 figure figure NOUN ct-9972 38 10     SPACE ct-9972 38 11 2 2 NUM ct-9972 38 12 a a PRON ct-9972 38 13 - - PUNCT ct-9972 38 14 b b NOUN ct-9972 38 15 ; ; PUNCT ct-9972 38 16     SPACE ct-9972 38 17 c. c. NOUN ct-9972 38 18 ) ) PUNCT ct-9972 38 19 were be AUX ct-9972 38 20 abnormal abnormal ADJ ct-9972 38 21 . . PUNCT ct-9972 39 1 they they PRON ct-9972 39 2 were be AUX ct-9972 39 3 not not PART ct-9972 39 4 recorded record VERB ct-9972 39 5 as as ADP ct-9972 39 6 such such ADJ ct-9972 39 7 , , PUNCT ct-9972 39 8 as as SCONJ ct-9972 39 9 they they PRON ct-9972 39 10 had have AUX ct-9972 39 11 already already ADV ct-9972 39 12 been be AUX ct-9972 39 13 recorded record VERB ct-9972 39 14 as as ADP ct-9972 39 15 detached detached ADJ ct-9972 39 16 heads head NOUN ct-9972 39 17 . . PUNCT ct-9972 40 1 discussion discussion NOUN ct-9972 40 2 bull bull NOUN ct-9972 40 3 breeding breeding NOUN ct-9972 40 4 soundness soundness NOUN ct-9972 40 5 examination examination NOUN ct-9972 40 6 has have AUX ct-9972 40 7 evolved evolve VERB ct-9972 40 8 from from ADP ct-9972 40 9 the the DET ct-9972 40 10 origins origin NOUN ct-9972 40 11 of of ADP ct-9972 40 12 what what PRON ct-9972 40 13 is be AUX ct-9972 40 14 now now ADV ct-9972 40 15 the the DET ct-9972 40 16 society society NOUN ct-9972 40 17 for for ADP ct-9972 40 18 theriogenology theriogenology NOUN ct-9972 40 19 , , PUNCT ct-9972 40 20 with with ADP ct-9972 40 21 the the DET ct-9972 40 22 intention intention NOUN ct-9972 40 23 of of ADP ct-9972 40 24 determining determine VERB ct-9972 40 25 the the DET ct-9972 40 26 likelihood likelihood NOUN ct-9972 40 27 of of ADP ct-9972 40 28 infertile infertile NOUN ct-9972 40 29 and and CCONJ ct-9972 40 30 subfertile subfertile ADJ ct-9972 40 31 bulls bull NOUN ct-9972 40 32 . . PUNCT ct-9972 41 1 male male ADJ ct-9972 41 2 fertility fertility NOUN ct-9972 41 3 is be AUX ct-9972 41 4 determined determine VERB ct-9972 41 5 by by ADP ct-9972 41 6 spermiogram spermiogram PROPN ct-9972 41 7 assessment assessment NOUN ct-9972 41 8 , , PUNCT ct-9972 41 9 with with ADP ct-9972 41 10 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 41 11 morphology morphology NOUN ct-9972 41 12 as as ADP ct-9972 41 13 the the DET ct-9972 41 14 prime prime ADJ ct-9972 41 15 indicator indicator NOUN ct-9972 41 16 of of ADP ct-9972 41 17 male male ADJ ct-9972 41 18 fertility4 fertility4 NOUN ct-9972 41 19 and and CCONJ ct-9972 41 20 is be AUX ct-9972 41 21 correlated correlate VERB ct-9972 41 22 to to PART ct-9972 41 23 sperm sperm VERB ct-9972 41 24 dna dna NOUN ct-9972 41 25 damage.5 damage.5 VERB ct-9972 41 26 unacceptable unacceptable ADJ ct-9972 41 27 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 41 28 morphology morphology NOUN ct-9972 41 29 has have AUX ct-9972 41 30 been be AUX ct-9972 41 31 the the DET ct-9972 41 32 most most ADV ct-9972 41 33 common common ADJ ct-9972 41 34 reason reason NOUN ct-9972 41 35 cited cite VERB ct-9972 41 36 for for ADP ct-9972 41 37 not not PART ct-9972 41 38 having have VERB ct-9972 41 39 bulls bull NOUN ct-9972 41 40 classified classify VERB ct-9972 41 41 as as ADP ct-9972 41 42 satisfactory satisfactory ADJ ct-9972 41 43 breeding breed VERB ct-9972 41 44 animals.6 animals.6 PROPN ct-9972 41 45 table table NOUN ct-9972 41 46 1 1 NUM ct-9972 41 47 . . X ct-9972 42 1 proportion proportion NOUN ct-9972 42 2 of of ADP ct-9972 42 3 normal normal ADJ ct-9972 42 4 and and CCONJ ct-9972 42 5 abnormal abnormal ADJ ct-9972 42 6 ( ( PUNCT ct-9972 42 7 tail tail NOUN ct-9972 42 8 , , PUNCT ct-9972 42 9 midpiece midpiece NOUN ct-9972 42 10 , , PUNCT ct-9972 42 11 and and CCONJ ct-9972 42 12 head head NOUN ct-9972 42 13 abnormalities abnormality NOUN ct-9972 42 14 ) ) PUNCT ct-9972 42 15 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 42 16 in in ADP ct-9972 42 17 the the DET ct-9972 42 18 samples sample NOUN ct-9972 42 19 of of ADP ct-9972 42 20 ejaculates ejaculate NOUN ct-9972 42 21 stored store VERB ct-9972 42 22 in in ADP ct-9972 42 23 phosphate phosphate ADJ ct-9972 42 24 buffered buffer VERB ct-9972 42 25 saline saline NOUN ct-9972 42 26 ( ( PUNCT ct-9972 42 27 pbs pbs PROPN ct-9972 42 28 ) ) PUNCT ct-9972 42 29 or or CCONJ ct-9972 42 30 buffered buffer VERB ct-9972 42 31 formol formol NOUN ct-9972 42 32 saline saline NOUN ct-9972 42 33 ( ( PUNCT ct-9972 42 34 bfs bfs NOUN ct-9972 42 35 ) ) PUNCT ct-9972 42 36 sample sample NOUN ct-9972 42 37 number number NOUN ct-9972 42 38 percent percent NOUN ct-9972 42 39 normal normal ADJ ct-9972 42 40 percent percent NOUN ct-9972 42 41 abnormal abnormal ADJ ct-9972 42 42 tail tail NOUN ct-9972 42 43 percent percent NOUN ct-9972 42 44 abnormal abnormal ADJ ct-9972 42 45 midpiece midpiece ADJ ct-9972 42 46 percent percent NOUN ct-9972 42 47 abnormal abnormal ADJ ct-9972 42 48 head head NOUN ct-9972 42 49 percent percent NOUN ct-9972 42 50 loose/ loose/ NUM ct-9972 42 51 detached detach VERB ct-9972 42 52 head head NOUN ct-9972 42 53 1 1 NUM ct-9972 42 54 pbs pbs PROPN ct-9972 42 55 21 21 NUM ct-9972 42 56 6 6 NUM ct-9972 42 57 1 1 NUM ct-9972 42 58 0 0 NUM ct-9972 42 59 72 72 NUM ct-9972 42 60 1 1 NUM ct-9972 42 61 bfs bfs NOUN ct-9972 42 62 82 82 NUM ct-9972 42 63 0 0 NUM ct-9972 42 64 11 11 NUM ct-9972 42 65 1 1 NUM ct-9972 42 66 6 6 NUM ct-9972 42 67 2 2 NUM ct-9972 42 68 pbs pbs NOUN ct-9972 42 69 58 58 NUM ct-9972 42 70 1 1 NUM ct-9972 42 71 2 2 NUM ct-9972 42 72 0 0 NUM ct-9972 42 73 39 39 NUM ct-9972 42 74 2 2 NUM ct-9972 42 75 bfs bfs NOUN ct-9972 42 76 82 82 NUM ct-9972 42 77 0 0 NUM ct-9972 42 78 7 7 NUM ct-9972 42 79 0 0 NUM ct-9972 42 80 11 11 NUM ct-9972 42 81 3 3 NUM ct-9972 42 82 pbs pbs PROPN ct-9972 42 83 63 63 NUM ct-9972 42 84 2 2 NUM ct-9972 42 85 0 0 NUM ct-9972 42 86 0 0 NUM ct-9972 42 87 35 35 NUM ct-9972 42 88 3 3 NUM ct-9972 42 89 bfs bfs NOUN ct-9972 42 90 75 75 NUM ct-9972 42 91 0 0 NUM ct-9972 42 92 2 2 NUM ct-9972 42 93 0 0 NUM ct-9972 42 94 23 23 NUM ct-9972 42 95 4 4 NUM ct-9972 42 96 pbs pbs NOUN ct-9972 42 97 2 2 NUM ct-9972 42 98 32 32 NUM ct-9972 42 99 1 1 NUM ct-9972 42 100 0 0 NUM ct-9972 42 101 65 65 NUM ct-9972 42 102 4 4 NUM ct-9972 42 103 bfs bfs NOUN ct-9972 42 104 81 81 NUM ct-9972 42 105 2 2 NUM ct-9972 42 106 6 6 NUM ct-9972 42 107 1 1 NUM ct-9972 42 108 10 10 NUM ct-9972 42 109 5 5 NUM ct-9972 42 110 pbs pbs PROPN ct-9972 42 111 69 69 NUM ct-9972 42 112 0 0 NUM ct-9972 42 113 3 3 NUM ct-9972 42 114 0 0 NUM ct-9972 42 115 28 28 NUM ct-9972 42 116 5 5 NUM ct-9972 42 117 bfs bfs NOUN ct-9972 42 118 68 68 NUM ct-9972 42 119 0 0 NUM ct-9972 42 120 13 13 NUM ct-9972 42 121 0 0 NUM ct-9972 42 122 19 19 NUM ct-9972 42 123 6 6 NUM ct-9972 42 124 pbs pbs NOUN ct-9972 42 125 39 39 NUM ct-9972 42 126 2 2 NUM ct-9972 42 127 3 3 NUM ct-9972 42 128 0 0 NUM ct-9972 42 129 56 56 NUM ct-9972 42 130 6 6 NUM ct-9972 42 131 bfs bfs NOUN ct-9972 42 132 86 86 NUM ct-9972 42 133 0 0 NUM ct-9972 42 134 3 3 NUM ct-9972 42 135 0 0 NUM ct-9972 42 136 11 11 NUM ct-9972 42 137 7 7 NUM ct-9972 42 138 pbs pbs PROPN ct-9972 42 139 19 19 NUM ct-9972 42 140 4 4 NUM ct-9972 42 141 2 2 NUM ct-9972 42 142 0 0 NUM ct-9972 42 143 75 75 NUM ct-9972 42 144 7 7 NUM ct-9972 42 145 bfs bfs NOUN ct-9972 42 146 83 83 NUM ct-9972 42 147 0 0 NUM ct-9972 42 148 8 8 NUM ct-9972 42 149 0 0 NUM ct-9972 42 150 9 9 NUM ct-9972 42 151 8 8 NUM ct-9972 42 152 pbs pbs NOUN ct-9972 42 153 61 61 NUM ct-9972 42 154 2 2 NUM ct-9972 42 155 2 2 NUM ct-9972 42 156 0 0 NUM ct-9972 42 157 35 35 NUM ct-9972 42 158 8 8 NUM ct-9972 42 159 bfs bfs NOUN ct-9972 42 160 85 85 NUM ct-9972 42 161 0 0 NUM ct-9972 42 162 2 2 NUM ct-9972 42 163 1 1 NUM ct-9972 42 164 12 12 NUM ct-9972 42 165 9 9 NUM ct-9972 42 166 pbs pbs NOUN ct-9972 42 167 49 49 NUM ct-9972 42 168 4 4 NUM ct-9972 42 169 5 5 NUM ct-9972 42 170 0 0 NUM ct-9972 42 171 42 42 NUM ct-9972 42 172 9 9 NUM ct-9972 42 173 bfs bfs NOUN ct-9972 42 174 89 89 NUM ct-9972 42 175 0 0 NUM ct-9972 42 176 7 7 NUM ct-9972 42 177 1 1 NUM ct-9972 42 178 3 3 NUM ct-9972 42 179 10 10 NUM ct-9972 42 180 pbs pbs NOUN ct-9972 42 181 9 9 NUM ct-9972 42 182 4 4 NUM ct-9972 42 183 1 1 NUM ct-9972 42 184 0 0 NUM ct-9972 42 185 86 86 NUM ct-9972 42 186 10 10 NUM ct-9972 42 187 bfs bfs NOUN ct-9972 42 188 76 76 NUM ct-9972 42 189 0 0 NUM ct-9972 42 190 9 9 NUM ct-9972 42 191 1 1 NUM ct-9972 42 192 14 14 NUM ct-9972 42 193 11 11 NUM ct-9972 42 194 pbs pbs NOUN ct-9972 42 195 0 0 NUM ct-9972 42 196 0 0 NUM ct-9972 42 197 0 0 NUM ct-9972 42 198 0 0 NUM ct-9972 42 199 100 100 NUM ct-9972 42 200 11 11 NUM ct-9972 42 201 bfs bfs NOUN ct-9972 42 202 84 84 NUM ct-9972 42 203 0 0 NUM ct-9972 42 204 2 2 NUM ct-9972 42 205 1 1 NUM ct-9972 42 206 13 13 NUM ct-9972 42 207 12 12 NUM ct-9972 42 208 pbs pbs NOUN ct-9972 42 209 62 62 NUM ct-9972 42 210 0 0 NUM ct-9972 42 211 0 0 NUM ct-9972 42 212 0 0 NUM ct-9972 42 213 38 38 NUM ct-9972 42 214 12 12 NUM ct-9972 42 215 bfs bfs NOUN ct-9972 42 216 89 89 NUM ct-9972 42 217 0 0 NUM ct-9972 42 218 5 5 NUM ct-9972 42 219 3 3 NUM ct-9972 42 220 3 3 NUM ct-9972 42 221 13 13 NUM ct-9972 42 222 pbs pbs NOUN ct-9972 42 223 0 0 NUM ct-9972 42 224 7 7 NUM ct-9972 42 225 1 1 NUM ct-9972 42 226 0 0 NUM ct-9972 42 227 92 92 NUM ct-9972 42 228 13 13 NUM ct-9972 42 229 bfs bfs NOUN ct-9972 42 230 41 41 NUM ct-9972 42 231 2 2 NUM ct-9972 42 232 37 37 NUM ct-9972 42 233 13 13 NUM ct-9972 42 234 7 7 NUM ct-9972 42 235 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v16.9972 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v16.9972 PROPN ct-9972 42 236 citation citation NOUN ct-9972 42 237 line line NOUN ct-9972 42 238 : : PUNCT ct-9972 42 239 clinical clinical ADJ ct-9972 42 240 theriogenology theriogenology NOUN ct-9972 42 241 2024 2024 NUM ct-9972 42 242 , , PUNCT ct-9972 42 243 16 16 NUM ct-9972 42 244 , , PUNCT ct-9972 42 245 9972 9972 NUM ct-9972 42 246 , , PUNCT ct-9972 42 247 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v16.9972 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v16.9972 PROPN ct-9972 42 248 3 3 NUM ct-9972 42 249 there there PRON ct-9972 42 250 were be VERB ct-9972 42 251 a a DET ct-9972 42 252 substantial substantial ADJ ct-9972 42 253 number number NOUN ct-9972 42 254 of of ADP ct-9972 42 255 detached detach VERB ct-9972 42 256 heads head NOUN ct-9972 42 257 in in ADP ct-9972 42 258 most most ADJ ct-9972 42 259 of of ADP ct-9972 42 260 the the DET ct-9972 42 261 original original ADJ ct-9972 42 262 ( ( PUNCT ct-9972 42 263 pbs pbs PROPN ct-9972 42 264 ) ) PUNCT ct-9972 42 265 samples sample NOUN ct-9972 42 266 that that PRON ct-9972 42 267 were be AUX ct-9972 42 268 assessed assess VERB ct-9972 42 269 from from ADP ct-9972 42 270 this this DET ct-9972 42 271 cohort cohort NOUN ct-9972 42 272 of of ADP ct-9972 42 273 bull bull NOUN ct-9972 42 274 ejaculates ejaculate NOUN ct-9972 42 275 ( ( PUNCT ct-9972 42 276 table table NOUN ct-9972 42 277 1 1 NUM ct-9972 42 278 ) ) PUNCT ct-9972 42 279 . . PUNCT ct-9972 43 1 reasons reason NOUN ct-9972 43 2 for for ADP ct-9972 43 3 detached detached ADJ ct-9972 43 4 heads head NOUN ct-9972 43 5 ( ( PUNCT ct-9972 43 6 a a DET ct-9972 43 7 small small ADJ ct-9972 43 8 proportion proportion NOUN ct-9972 43 9 [ [ PUNCT ct-9972 43 10 5.1 5.1 NUM ct-9972 43 11 ± ± NUM ct-9972 43 12 0.74 0.74 NUM ct-9972 43 13 % % NOUN ct-9972 43 14 ] ] PUNCT ct-9972 43 15 is be AUX ct-9972 43 16 acceptable acceptable ADJ ct-9972 43 17 ) ) PUNCT ct-9972 43 18 include include VERB ct-9972 43 19 : : PUNCT ct-9972 43 20 bulls bull NOUN ct-9972 43 21 with with ADP ct-9972 43 22 testicular testicular ADJ ct-9972 43 23 hypoplasia hypoplasia NOUN ct-9972 43 24 ( ( PUNCT ct-9972 43 25 implicated implicate VERB ct-9972 43 26 as as ADP ct-9972 43 27 a a DET ct-9972 43 28 hereditary hereditary ADJ ct-9972 43 29 trait trait NOUN ct-9972 43 30 in in ADP ct-9972 43 31 at at ADP ct-9972 43 32 least least ADJ ct-9972 43 33 some some PRON ct-9972 43 34 animals animal NOUN ct-9972 43 35 ) ) PUNCT ct-9972 43 36 , , PUNCT ct-9972 43 37 transient transient ADJ ct-9972 43 38 phenomenon phenomenon NOUN ct-9972 43 39 in in ADP ct-9972 43 40 some some DET ct-9972 43 41 bulls bull NOUN ct-9972 43 42 with with ADP ct-9972 43 43 testicular testicular ADJ ct-9972 43 44 degeneration degeneration NOUN ct-9972 43 45 or or CCONJ ct-9972 43 46 other other ADJ ct-9972 43 47 inflammatory inflammatory ADJ ct-9972 43 48 conditions condition NOUN ct-9972 43 49 , , PUNCT ct-9972 43 50 and and CCONJ ct-9972 43 51 conditions condition NOUN ct-9972 43 52 associated associate VERB ct-9972 43 53 with with ADP ct-9972 43 54 testicular testicular NOUN ct-9972 43 55 hyperthermia.2 hyperthermia.2 PROPN ct-9972 43 56 a a DET ct-9972 43 57 relatively relatively ADV ct-9972 43 58 commonly commonly ADV ct-9972 43 59 reported report VERB ct-9972 43 60 reason reason NOUN ct-9972 43 61 for for ADP ct-9972 43 62 detached detached ADJ ct-9972 43 63 heads head NOUN ct-9972 43 64 is be AUX ct-9972 43 65 senescence senescence NOUN ct-9972 43 66 as as ADP ct-9972 43 67 a a DET ct-9972 43 68 result result NOUN ct-9972 43 69 of of ADP ct-9972 43 70 duct duct NOUN ct-9972 43 71 stasis.2 stasis.2 ADP ct-9972 43 72 other other ADJ ct-9972 43 73 reported report VERB ct-9972 43 74 defects defect NOUN ct-9972 43 75 manifesting manifest VERB ct-9972 43 76 as as ADP ct-9972 43 77 detached detach VERB ct-9972 43 78 heads head NOUN ct-9972 43 79 include include VERB ct-9972 43 80 the the DET ct-9972 43 81 stump stump NOUN ct-9972 43 82 tail tail NOUN ct-9972 43 83 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 43 84 defect defect VERB ct-9972 43 85 that that SCONJ ct-9972 43 86 on on ADP ct-9972 43 87 closer close ADJ ct-9972 43 88 examination examination NOUN ct-9972 43 89 include include VERB ct-9972 43 90 a a DET ct-9972 43 91 rudimentary rudimentary ADJ ct-9972 43 92 tail tail NOUN ct-9972 43 93 or or CCONJ ct-9972 43 94 short short ADJ ct-9972 43 95 stump stump NOUN ct-9972 43 96 as as ADP ct-9972 43 97 a a DET ct-9972 43 98 tail tail NOUN ct-9972 43 99 . . PUNCT ct-9972 44 1 decapitated decapitate VERB ct-9972 44 2 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 44 3 defect defect NOUN ct-9972 44 4 that that PRON ct-9972 44 5 typically typically ADV ct-9972 44 6 has have VERB ct-9972 44 7 > > X ct-9972 44 8 80 80 NUM ct-9972 44 9 % % NOUN ct-9972 44 10 of of ADP ct-9972 44 11 the the DET ct-9972 44 12 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 44 13 affected affect VERB ct-9972 44 14 with with ADP ct-9972 44 15 most most ADJ ct-9972 44 16 part part NOUN ct-9972 44 17 of of ADP ct-9972 44 18 tails tail NOUN ct-9972 44 19 motile motile ADJ ct-9972 44 20 and and CCONJ ct-9972 44 21 have have VERB ct-9972 44 22 a a DET ct-9972 44 23 characteristic characteristic ADJ ct-9972 44 24 loop loop NOUN ct-9972 44 25 in in ADP ct-9972 44 26 the the DET ct-9972 44 27 midpiece.7 midpiece.7 NOUN ct-9972 44 28 in in ADP ct-9972 44 29 the the DET ct-9972 44 30 context context NOUN ct-9972 44 31 of of ADP ct-9972 44 32 this this DET ct-9972 44 33 report report NOUN ct-9972 44 34 ( ( PUNCT ct-9972 44 35 figure figure NOUN ct-9972 44 36 2 2 NUM ct-9972 44 37 a a DET ct-9972 44 38 - - PUNCT ct-9972 44 39 b b NOUN ct-9972 44 40 ; ; PUNCT ct-9972 44 41 b b NUM ct-9972 44 42 , , PUNCT ct-9972 44 43 c c NOUN ct-9972 44 44 ) ) PUNCT ct-9972 44 45 the the DET ct-9972 44 46 short short ADJ ct-9972 44 47 tail tail NOUN ct-9972 44 48 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 44 49 defect defect NOUN ct-9972 44 50 that that PRON ct-9972 44 51 has have AUX ct-9972 44 52 been be AUX ct-9972 44 53 reported report VERB ct-9972 44 54 in in ADP ct-9972 44 55 pigs pig NOUN ct-9972 44 56 and and CCONJ ct-9972 44 57 anecdotally anecdotally ADV ct-9972 44 58 in in ADP ct-9972 44 59 cattle7 cattle7 NOUN ct-9972 44 60 could could AUX ct-9972 44 61 be be AUX ct-9972 44 62 considered consider VERB ct-9972 44 63 a a DET ct-9972 44 64 possibility possibility NOUN ct-9972 44 65 . . PUNCT ct-9972 45 1 tails tail NOUN ct-9972 45 2 in in ADP ct-9972 45 3 these these DET ct-9972 45 4 samples sample NOUN ct-9972 45 5 were be AUX ct-9972 45 6 not not PART ct-9972 45 7 short short ADJ ct-9972 45 8 and and CCONJ ct-9972 45 9 the the DET ct-9972 45 10 condition condition NOUN ct-9972 45 11 is be AUX ct-9972 45 12 unlikely unlikely ADJ ct-9972 45 13 to to PART ct-9972 45 14 occur occur VERB ct-9972 45 15 in in ADP ct-9972 45 16 such such DET ct-9972 45 17 a a DET ct-9972 45 18 high high ADJ ct-9972 45 19 proportion proportion NOUN ct-9972 45 20 of of ADP ct-9972 45 21 submitted submit VERB ct-9972 45 22 samples sample NOUN ct-9972 45 23 . . PUNCT ct-9972 46 1 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 46 2 tails tail NOUN ct-9972 46 3 were be AUX ct-9972 46 4 often often ADV ct-9972 46 5 not not PART ct-9972 46 6 critically critically ADV ct-9972 46 7 assessed assess VERB ct-9972 46 8 in in ADP ct-9972 46 9 the the DET ct-9972 46 10 initial initial ADJ ct-9972 46 11 examination examination NOUN ct-9972 46 12 in in ADP ct-9972 46 13 these these DET ct-9972 46 14 samples sample NOUN ct-9972 46 15 as as ADP ct-9972 46 16 a a DET ct-9972 46 17 result result NOUN ct-9972 46 18 of of ADP ct-9972 46 19 them they PRON ct-9972 46 20 being be AUX ct-9972 46 21 detached detach VERB ct-9972 46 22 or or CCONJ ct-9972 46 23 loose loose ADJ ct-9972 46 24 and and CCONJ ct-9972 46 25 were be AUX ct-9972 46 26 documented document VERB ct-9972 46 27 as as ADP ct-9972 46 28 such such ADJ ct-9972 46 29 in in ADP ct-9972 46 30 the the DET ct-9972 46 31 morphological morphological ADJ ct-9972 46 32 assessment assessment NOUN ct-9972 46 33 . . PUNCT ct-9972 47 1 it it PRON ct-9972 47 2 illustrates illustrate VERB ct-9972 47 3 that that SCONJ ct-9972 47 4 close close ADJ ct-9972 47 5 examination examination NOUN ct-9972 47 6 of of ADP ct-9972 47 7 the the DET ct-9972 47 8 tail tail NOUN ct-9972 47 9 , , PUNCT ct-9972 47 10 and and CCONJ ct-9972 47 11 their their PRON ct-9972 47 12 attachments attachment NOUN ct-9972 47 13 to to ADP ct-9972 47 14 the the DET ct-9972 47 15 head head NOUN ct-9972 47 16 were be AUX ct-9972 47 17 abnormal abnormal ADJ ct-9972 47 18 , , PUNCT ct-9972 47 19 with with ADP ct-9972 47 20 the the DET ct-9972 47 21 plasmalemma plasmalemma NOUN ct-9972 47 22 of of ADP ct-9972 47 23 the the DET ct-9972 47 24 tail tail NOUN ct-9972 47 25 being be AUX ct-9972 47 26 obviously obviously ADV ct-9972 47 27 abnormal abnormal ADJ ct-9972 47 28 , , PUNCT ct-9972 47 29 probably probably ADV ct-9972 47 30 as as ADP ct-9972 47 31 a a DET ct-9972 47 32 result result NOUN ct-9972 47 33 of of ADP ct-9972 47 34 bacterial bacterial ADJ ct-9972 47 35 consumption consumption NOUN ct-9972 47 36 of of ADP ct-9972 47 37 the the DET ct-9972 47 38 phospholipids.8 phospholipids.8 PROPN ct-9972 47 39 during during ADP ct-9972 47 40 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 47 41 morphological morphological ADJ ct-9972 47 42 assessment assessment NOUN ct-9972 47 43 , , PUNCT ct-9972 47 44 some some DET ct-9972 47 45 aberrant aberrant ADJ ct-9972 47 46 movement movement NOUN ct-9972 47 47 of of ADP ct-9972 47 48 the the DET ct-9972 47 49 material material NOUN ct-9972 47 50 on on ADP ct-9972 47 51 the the DET ct-9972 47 52 pbs pbs PROPN ct-9972 47 53 slides slide NOUN ct-9972 47 54 was be AUX ct-9972 47 55 detected detect VERB ct-9972 47 56 and and CCONJ ct-9972 47 57 noted note VERB ct-9972 47 58 . . PUNCT ct-9972 48 1 retrospectively retrospectively ADV ct-9972 48 2 , , PUNCT ct-9972 48 3 this this PRON ct-9972 48 4 is be AUX ct-9972 48 5 abnormal abnormal ADJ ct-9972 48 6 in in ADP ct-9972 48 7 bfs bfs NOUN ct-9972 48 8 preserved preserve VERB ct-9972 48 9 samples sample NOUN ct-9972 48 10 , , PUNCT ct-9972 48 11 and and CCONJ ct-9972 48 12 is be AUX ct-9972 48 13 likely likely ADJ ct-9972 48 14 because because SCONJ ct-9972 48 15 of of ADP ct-9972 48 16 the the DET ct-9972 48 17 presence presence NOUN ct-9972 48 18 of of ADP ct-9972 48 19 motile motile ADJ ct-9972 48 20 bacteria bacteria NOUN ct-9972 48 21 or or CCONJ ct-9972 48 22 other other ADJ ct-9972 48 23 microorganisms microorganism NOUN ct-9972 48 24 . . PUNCT ct-9972 49 1 agglutination agglutination NOUN ct-9972 49 2 of of ADP ct-9972 49 3 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 49 4 preserved preserve VERB ct-9972 49 5 in in ADP ct-9972 49 6 bfs bfs NOUN ct-9972 49 7 can can AUX ct-9972 49 8 be be AUX ct-9972 49 9 ameliorated ameliorate VERB ct-9972 49 10 by by ADP ct-9972 49 11 the the DET ct-9972 49 12 use use NOUN ct-9972 49 13 of of ADP ct-9972 49 14 formol formol NOUN ct-9972 49 15 citrate.3 citrate.3 SCONJ ct-9972 49 16 tertiary tertiary ADJ ct-9972 49 17 defects defect NOUN ct-9972 49 18 are be AUX ct-9972 49 19 often often ADV ct-9972 49 20 referred refer VERB ct-9972 49 21 to to ADP ct-9972 49 22 in in ADP ct-9972 49 23 texts text NOUN ct-9972 49 24 associated associate VERB ct-9972 49 25 with with ADP ct-9972 49 26 assessing assess VERB ct-9972 49 27 a a DET ct-9972 49 28 spermiogram spermiogram NOUN ct-9972 49 29 . . PUNCT ct-9972 50 1 they they PRON ct-9972 50 2 are be AUX ct-9972 50 3 however however ADV ct-9972 50 4 , , PUNCT ct-9972 50 5 unlikely unlikely ADJ ct-9972 50 6 to to PART ct-9972 50 7 have have VERB ct-9972 50 8 any any DET ct-9972 50 9 effect effect NOUN ct-9972 50 10 on on ADP ct-9972 50 11 the the DET ct-9972 50 12 fertility fertility NOUN ct-9972 50 13 of of ADP ct-9972 50 14 the the DET ct-9972 50 15 bull bull NOUN ct-9972 50 16 , , PUNCT ct-9972 50 17 resulting result VERB ct-9972 50 18 in in ADP ct-9972 50 19 diagnostic diagnostic ADJ ct-9972 50 20 errors error NOUN ct-9972 50 21 and and CCONJ ct-9972 50 22 incorrect incorrect ADJ ct-9972 50 23 decisions decision NOUN ct-9972 50 24 on on ADP ct-9972 50 25 the the DET ct-9972 50 26 outcome outcome NOUN ct-9972 50 27 of of ADP ct-9972 50 28 the the DET ct-9972 50 29 animals animal NOUN ct-9972 50 30 concerned concern VERB ct-9972 50 31 . . PUNCT ct-9972 51 1 in in ADP ct-9972 51 2 particular particular ADJ ct-9972 51 3 , , PUNCT ct-9972 51 4 poor poor ADJ ct-9972 51 5 handling handling NOUN ct-9972 51 6 and and CCONJ ct-9972 51 7 the the DET ct-9972 51 8 use use NOUN ct-9972 51 9 of of ADP ct-9972 51 10 inappropriate inappropriate ADJ ct-9972 51 11 extender extender NOUN ct-9972 51 12 or or CCONJ ct-9972 51 13 in in ADP ct-9972 51 14 this this DET ct-9972 51 15 case case NOUN ct-9972 51 16 preservative preservative NOUN ct-9972 51 17 , , PUNCT ct-9972 51 18 can can AUX ct-9972 51 19 result result VERB ct-9972 51 20 in in ADP ct-9972 51 21 the the DET ct-9972 51 22 incorrect incorrect ADJ ct-9972 51 23 diagnosis diagnosis NOUN ct-9972 51 24 due due ADP ct-9972 51 25 to to ADP ct-9972 51 26 these these DET ct-9972 51 27 tertiary tertiary ADJ ct-9972 51 28 defects defect NOUN ct-9972 51 29 ( ( PUNCT ct-9972 51 30 table table NOUN ct-9972 51 31 2).8 2).8 NUM ct-9972 51 32 conclusion conclusion NOUN ct-9972 51 33 inadvertent inadvertent ADJ ct-9972 51 34 error error NOUN ct-9972 51 35 of of ADP ct-9972 51 36 assessing assess VERB ct-9972 51 37 incorrectly incorrectly ADV ct-9972 51 38 processed process VERB ct-9972 51 39 semen semen NOUN ct-9972 51 40 samples sample NOUN ct-9972 51 41 has have AUX ct-9972 51 42 allowed allow VERB ct-9972 51 43 for for ADP ct-9972 51 44 a a DET ct-9972 51 45 serendipitous serendipitous ADJ ct-9972 51 46 opportunity opportunity NOUN ct-9972 51 47 to to PART ct-9972 51 48 report report VERB ct-9972 51 49 abnormalities abnormality NOUN ct-9972 51 50 that that PRON ct-9972 51 51 are be AUX ct-9972 51 52 most most ADV ct-9972 51 53 likely likely ADJ ct-9972 51 54 due due ADJ ct-9972 51 55 to to ADP ct-9972 51 56 incorrect incorrect ADJ ct-9972 51 57 storage storage NOUN ct-9972 51 58 of of ADP ct-9972 51 59 samples sample NOUN ct-9972 51 60 submitted submit VERB ct-9972 51 61 for for ADP ct-9972 51 62 morphological morphological ADJ ct-9972 51 63 assessment assessment NOUN ct-9972 51 64 of of ADP ct-9972 51 65 an an DET ct-9972 51 66 ejaculate ejaculate NOUN ct-9972 51 67 . . PUNCT ct-9972 52 1 it it PRON ct-9972 52 2 is be AUX ct-9972 52 3 clear clear ADJ ct-9972 52 4 from from ADP ct-9972 52 5 these these DET ct-9972 52 6 observations observation NOUN ct-9972 52 7 that that PRON ct-9972 52 8 appropriate appropriate ADJ ct-9972 52 9 collection collection NOUN ct-9972 52 10 and and CCONJ ct-9972 52 11 storage storage NOUN ct-9972 52 12 of of ADP ct-9972 52 13 samples sample NOUN ct-9972 52 14 for for ADP ct-9972 52 15 morphological morphological ADJ ct-9972 52 16 assessment assessment NOUN ct-9972 52 17 is be AUX ct-9972 52 18 required require VERB ct-9972 52 19 when when SCONJ ct-9972 52 20 assessing assess VERB ct-9972 52 21 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 52 22 morphology morphology NOUN ct-9972 52 23 . . PUNCT ct-9972 53 1 incorrect incorrect ADJ ct-9972 53 2 sample sample NOUN ct-9972 53 3 preparation preparation NOUN ct-9972 53 4 and and CCONJ ct-9972 53 5 storage storage NOUN ct-9972 53 6 should should AUX ct-9972 53 7 be be AUX ct-9972 53 8 considered consider VERB ct-9972 53 9 as as ADP ct-9972 53 10 a a DET ct-9972 53 11 reason reason NOUN ct-9972 53 12 for for ADP ct-9972 53 13 an an DET ct-9972 53 14 abnormal abnormal ADJ ct-9972 53 15 spermiogram spermiogram NOUN ct-9972 53 16 , , PUNCT ct-9972 53 17 especially especially ADV ct-9972 53 18 when when SCONJ ct-9972 53 19 a a DET ct-9972 53 20 large large ADJ ct-9972 53 21 proportion proportion NOUN ct-9972 53 22 of of ADP ct-9972 53 23 detached detach VERB ct-9972 53 24 heads head NOUN ct-9972 53 25 , , PUNCT ct-9972 53 26 with with ADP ct-9972 53 27 or or CCONJ ct-9972 53 28 without without ADP ct-9972 53 29 tail tail NOUN ct-9972 53 30 and and CCONJ ct-9972 53 31 midpiece midpiece ADJ ct-9972 53 32 plasma plasma NOUN ct-9972 53 33 membrane membrane NOUN ct-9972 53 34 abnormalities abnormality NOUN ct-9972 53 35 / / SYM ct-9972 53 36 deficits deficit NOUN ct-9972 53 37 , , PUNCT ct-9972 53 38 are be AUX ct-9972 53 39 detected detect VERB ct-9972 53 40 in in ADP ct-9972 53 41 a a DET ct-9972 53 42 semen semen NOUN ct-9972 53 43 sample.8 sample.8 NOUN ct-9972 53 44 figure figure NOUN ct-9972 53 45 1 1 NUM ct-9972 53 46 . . PUNCT ct-9972 53 47 box box NOUN ct-9972 53 48 and and CCONJ ct-9972 53 49 whisker whisker NOUN ct-9972 53 50 plot plot NOUN ct-9972 53 51 of of ADP ct-9972 53 52 the the DET ct-9972 53 53 proportion proportion NOUN ct-9972 53 54 ( ( PUNCT ct-9972 53 55 % % NOUN ct-9972 53 56 ) ) PUNCT ct-9972 53 57 of of ADP ct-9972 53 58 normal normal ADJ ct-9972 53 59 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 53 60 for for ADP ct-9972 53 61 each each PRON ct-9972 53 62 of of ADP ct-9972 53 63 the the DET ct-9972 53 64 treatment treatment NOUN ct-9972 53 65 groups group NOUN ct-9972 53 66 : : PUNCT ct-9972 53 67 buffered buffer VERB ct-9972 53 68 formal formal ADJ ct-9972 53 69 saline saline NOUN ct-9972 53 70 ( ( PUNCT ct-9972 53 71 bfs bfs NOUN ct-9972 53 72 ) ) PUNCT ct-9972 53 73 and and CCONJ ct-9972 53 74 extender extender NOUN ct-9972 53 75 ( ( PUNCT ct-9972 53 76 pbs pbs PROPN ct-9972 53 77 ) ) PUNCT ct-9972 53 78 ; ; PUNCT ct-9972 53 79 dark dark ADJ ct-9972 53 80 line line NOUN ct-9972 53 81 is be AUX ct-9972 53 82 the the DET ct-9972 53 83 median median ADJ ct-9972 53 84 , , PUNCT ct-9972 53 85 upper upper ADJ ct-9972 53 86 and and CCONJ ct-9972 53 87 lower low ADJ ct-9972 53 88 box box NOUN ct-9972 53 89 limits limit NOUN ct-9972 53 90 represent represent VERB ct-9972 53 91 the the DET ct-9972 53 92 upper upper ADJ ct-9972 53 93 and and CCONJ ct-9972 53 94 lower low ADJ ct-9972 53 95 quartiles quartile NOUN ct-9972 53 96 ; ; PUNCT ct-9972 53 97 whisker whisker NOUN ct-9972 53 98 lines line NOUN ct-9972 53 99 represent represent VERB ct-9972 53 100 the the DET ct-9972 53 101 lower low ADJ ct-9972 53 102 and and CCONJ ct-9972 53 103 upper upper ADJ ct-9972 53 104 data datum NOUN ct-9972 53 105 extremes extreme NOUN ct-9972 53 106 and and CCONJ ct-9972 53 107 circles circle NOUN ct-9972 53 108 represent represent VERB ct-9972 53 109 individual individual ADJ ct-9972 53 110 outlier outlier NOUN ct-9972 53 111 data data NOUN ct-9972 53 112 points point NOUN ct-9972 53 113 . . PUNCT ct-9972 54 1 figure figure NOUN ct-9972 54 2 2 2 NUM ct-9972 54 3 . . PUNCT ct-9972 54 4 a a DET ct-9972 54 5 - - PUNCT ct-9972 54 6 b. b. NOUN ct-9972 54 7 photomicrographs photomicrographs PROPN ct-9972 54 8 ( ( PUNCT ct-9972 54 9 differential differential ADJ ct-9972 54 10 interference interference NOUN ct-9972 54 11 contrast contrast NOUN ct-9972 54 12 microscopy microscopy NOUN ct-9972 54 13 x x SYM ct-9972 54 14 1000 1000 NUM ct-9972 54 15 ) ) PUNCT ct-9972 54 16 of of ADP ct-9972 54 17 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 54 18 from from ADP ct-9972 54 19 semen semen NOUN ct-9972 54 20 samples sample NOUN ct-9972 54 21 submitted submit VERB ct-9972 54 22 in in ADP ct-9972 54 23 semen semen NOUN ct-9972 54 24 extender extender NOUN ct-9972 54 25 ( ( PUNCT ct-9972 54 26 pbs pbs PROPN ct-9972 54 27 ) ) PUNCT ct-9972 54 28 ; ; PUNCT ct-9972 54 29 a. a. NOUN ct-9972 54 30 detached detach VERB ct-9972 54 31 heads head NOUN ct-9972 54 32 , , PUNCT ct-9972 54 33 b. b. PROPN ct-9972 54 34 loose loose ADJ ct-9972 54 35 head head NOUN ct-9972 54 36 , , PUNCT ct-9972 54 37 and and CCONJ ct-9972 54 38 c. c. PROPN ct-9972 54 39 detached detach VERB ct-9972 54 40 tails tail NOUN ct-9972 54 41 without without ADP ct-9972 54 42 plasma plasma NOUN ct-9972 54 43 membranes membrane NOUN ct-9972 54 44 . . PUNCT ct-9972 55 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v16.9972 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v16.9972 PROPN ct-9972 55 2 4 4 NUM ct-9972 55 3 citation citation NOUN ct-9972 55 4 line line NOUN ct-9972 55 5 : : PUNCT ct-9972 55 6 clinical clinical ADJ ct-9972 55 7 theriogenology theriogenology NOUN ct-9972 55 8 2024 2024 NUM ct-9972 55 9 , , PUNCT ct-9972 55 10 16 16 NUM ct-9972 55 11 , , PUNCT ct-9972 55 12 9972 9972 NUM ct-9972 55 13 , , PUNCT ct-9972 55 14 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v16.9972 http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v16.9972 PROPN ct-9972 55 15 acknowledgement acknowledgement PROPN ct-9972 55 16 authors author NOUN ct-9972 55 17 thank thank VERB ct-9972 55 18 dr dr PROPN ct-9972 55 19 . . PROPN ct-9972 55 20 victoria victoria PROPN ct-9972 55 21 brookes brook VERB ct-9972 55 22 for for ADP ct-9972 55 23 data datum NOUN ct-9972 55 24 analysis analysis NOUN ct-9972 55 25 . . PUNCT ct-9972 56 1 conflict conflict NOUN ct-9972 56 2 of of ADP ct-9972 56 3 interest interest NOUN ct-9972 56 4 none none NOUN ct-9972 56 5 to to PART ct-9972 56 6 report report VERB ct-9972 56 7 and and CCONJ ct-9972 56 8 no no DET ct-9972 56 9 funding funding NOUN ct-9972 56 10 is be AUX ct-9972 56 11 associated associate VERB ct-9972 56 12 . . PUNCT ct-9972 57 1 author author NOUN ct-9972 57 2 contributions contribution NOUN ct-9972 57 3 authors author NOUN ct-9972 57 4 conceived conceive VERB ct-9972 57 5 the the DET ct-9972 57 6 idea idea NOUN ct-9972 57 7 , , PUNCT ct-9972 57 8 ag ag PROPN ct-9972 57 9 wrote write VERB ct-9972 57 10 substantial substantial ADJ ct-9972 57 11 part part NOUN ct-9972 57 12 of of ADP ct-9972 57 13 the the DET ct-9972 57 14 manuscript manuscript NOUN ct-9972 57 15 , , PUNCT ct-9972 57 16 mb mb SCONJ ct-9972 57 17 reviewed review VERB ct-9972 57 18 it it PRON ct-9972 57 19 , , PUNCT ct-9972 57 20 and and CCONJ ct-9972 57 21 both both DET ct-9972 57 22 authors author NOUN ct-9972 57 23 approved approve VERB ct-9972 57 24 submission submission NOUN ct-9972 57 25 . . PUNCT ct-9972 58 1 references reference NOUN ct-9972 58 2 1 1 NUM ct-9972 58 3 . . PUNCT ct-9972 59 1 kaya kaya PROPN ct-9972 59 2 a a PROPN ct-9972 59 3 , , PUNCT ct-9972 59 4 birler birler NOUN ct-9972 59 5 s s PROPN ct-9972 59 6 , , PUNCT ct-9972 59 7 enwall enwall NOUN ct-9972 59 8 l l PROPN ct-9972 59 9 , , PUNCT ct-9972 59 10 et et PROPN ct-9972 59 11 al al PROPN ct-9972 59 12 : : PUNCT ct-9972 59 13 determinants determinant NOUN ct-9972 59 14 of of ADP ct-9972 59 15 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 59 16 morphology morphology NOUN ct-9972 59 17 . . PUNCT ct-9972 60 1 in in ADP ct-9972 60 2 : : PUNCT ct-9972 60 3 chenoweth chenoweth PROPN ct-9972 60 4 pj pj PROPN ct-9972 60 5 , , PUNCT ct-9972 60 6 lorton lorton PROPN ct-9972 60 7 sp sp PROPN ct-9972 60 8 : : PUNCT ct-9972 60 9 editors editor NOUN ct-9972 60 10 . . PUNCT ct-9972 61 1 animal animal NOUN ct-9972 61 2 andrology andrology NOUN ct-9972 61 3 theories theory NOUN ct-9972 61 4 and and CCONJ ct-9972 61 5 applications application NOUN ct-9972 61 6 . . PUNCT ct-9972 62 1 wallingford wallingford PROPN ct-9972 62 2 , , PUNCT ct-9972 62 3 oxfordhshire oxfordhshire NOUN ct-9972 62 4 , , PUNCT ct-9972 62 5 uk uk PROPN ct-9972 62 6 ; ; PUNCT ct-9972 62 7 cabi cabi PROPN ct-9972 62 8 : : PUNCT ct-9972 62 9 2014 2014 NUM ct-9972 62 10 . . PUNCT ct-9972 63 1 p. p. NOUN ct-9972 63 2 34–56 34–56 NUM ct-9972 63 3 . . PUNCT ct-9972 64 1 2 2 NUM ct-9972 64 2 . . X ct-9972 64 3 barth barth NOUN ct-9972 64 4 ad ad NOUN ct-9972 64 5 , , PUNCT ct-9972 64 6 oko oko PROPN ct-9972 64 7 rj rj PROPN ct-9972 64 8 : : PUNCT ct-9972 64 9 abnormal abnormal ADJ ct-9972 64 10 morphology morphology NOUN ct-9972 64 11 of of ADP ct-9972 64 12 bovine bovine ADJ ct-9972 64 13 spermatozoa spermatozoon NOUN ct-9972 64 14 . . PUNCT ct-9972 65 1 ames ames PROPN ct-9972 65 2 , , PUNCT ct-9972 65 3 iowa iowa PROPN ct-9972 65 4 ; ; PUNCT ct-9972 65 5 iowa iowa PROPN ct-9972 65 6 state state PROPN ct-9972 65 7 university university PROPN ct-9972 65 8 press press NOUN ct-9972 65 9 : : PUNCT ct-9972 65 10 1989 1989 NUM ct-9972 65 11 . . PUNCT ct-9972 66 1 3 3 X ct-9972 66 2 . . X ct-9972 66 3 barth barth NOUN ct-9972 66 4 ad ad PROPN ct-9972 66 5 . . PUNCT ct-9972 67 1 bull bull NOUN ct-9972 67 2 breeding breeding NOUN ct-9972 67 3 soundness soundness NOUN ct-9972 67 4 . . PUNCT ct-9972 68 1 3rd 3rd ADJ ct-9972 68 2 edition edition NOUN ct-9972 68 3 , , PUNCT ct-9972 68 4 sakatoon sakatoon NOUN ct-9972 68 5 , , PUNCT ct-9972 68 6 sakatchewan sakatchewan PROPN ct-9972 68 7 , , PUNCT ct-9972 68 8 canada canada PROPN ct-9972 68 9 ; ; PUNCT ct-9972 68 10 western western ADJ ct-9972 68 11 canadian canadian PROPN ct-9972 68 12 association association PROPN ct-9972 68 13 of of ADP ct-9972 68 14 bovine bovine PROPN ct-9972 68 15 practitioners practitioner NOUN ct-9972 68 16 : : PUNCT ct-9972 68 17 2013 2013 NUM ct-9972 68 18 . . PUNCT ct-9972 69 1 4 4 X ct-9972 69 2 . . X ct-9972 69 3 ostermeier ostermeier PROPN ct-9972 69 4 gc gc PROPN ct-9972 69 5 , , PUNCT ct-9972 69 6 sargeant sargeant PROPN ct-9972 69 7 ga ga PROPN ct-9972 69 8 , , PUNCT ct-9972 69 9 yandell yandell ADJ ct-9972 69 10 bs bs NOUN ct-9972 69 11 , , PUNCT ct-9972 69 12 et et PROPN ct-9972 69 13 al al PROPN ct-9972 69 14 : : PUNCT ct-9972 69 15 relationship relationship NOUN ct-9972 69 16 of of ADP ct-9972 69 17 bull bull NOUN ct-9972 69 18 fertility fertility NOUN ct-9972 69 19 to to PART ct-9972 69 20 sperm sperm VERB ct-9972 69 21 nuclear nuclear ADJ ct-9972 69 22 shape shape NOUN ct-9972 69 23 . . PUNCT ct-9972 70 1 j j PROPN ct-9972 70 2 androl androl PROPN ct-9972 70 3 2001;22:595–603 2001;22:595–603 PROPN ct-9972 70 4 . . PUNCT ct-9972 71 1 doi doi PROPN ct-9972 71 2 : : PUNCT ct-9972 71 3 10.1002 10.1002 NUM ct-9972 71 4 / / SYM ct-9972 71 5 j.1939 j.1939 PROPN ct-9972 71 6 - - PUNCT ct-9972 71 7 4640.2001.tb02219.x 4640.2001.tb02219.x NUM ct-9972 71 8 5 5 NUM ct-9972 71 9 . . PUNCT ct-9972 71 10 enciso enciso PROPN ct-9972 71 11 m m PROPN ct-9972 71 12 , , PUNCT ct-9972 71 13 cisale cisale NOUN ct-9972 71 14 h h NOUN ct-9972 71 15 , , PUNCT ct-9972 71 16 johnston johnston PROPN ct-9972 71 17 sd sd PROPN ct-9972 71 18 , , PUNCT ct-9972 71 19 et et PROPN ct-9972 71 20 al al PROPN ct-9972 71 21 : : PUNCT ct-9972 71 22 major major ADJ ct-9972 71 23 morphological morphological ADJ ct-9972 71 24 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 71 25 abnormalities abnormality NOUN ct-9972 71 26 in in ADP ct-9972 71 27 the the DET ct-9972 71 28 bull bull NOUN ct-9972 71 29 are be AUX ct-9972 71 30 related relate VERB ct-9972 71 31 to to PART ct-9972 71 32 sperm sperm VERB ct-9972 71 33 dna dna NOUN ct-9972 71 34 damage damage NOUN ct-9972 71 35 . . PUNCT ct-9972 71 36     SPACE ct-9972 71 37 theriogenology theriogenology NOUN ct-9972 71 38 2011;76:23–32 2011;76:23–32 NUM ct-9972 71 39 . . PUNCT ct-9972 72 1 doi doi NOUN ct-9972 72 2 : : PUNCT ct-9972 72 3 10.1016 10.1016 NUM ct-9972 72 4 / / SYM ct-9972 72 5 j. j. PROPN ct-9972 72 6 theriogenology.2010.12.034 theriogenology.2010.12.034 VERB ct-9972 72 7 6 6 NUM ct-9972 72 8 . . X ct-9972 72 9 carson carson PROPN ct-9972 72 10 rl rl PROPN ct-9972 72 11 , , PUNCT ct-9972 72 12 wenzel wenzel PROPN ct-9972 72 13 jg jg PROPN ct-9972 72 14 : : PUNCT ct-9972 72 15 observations observation NOUN ct-9972 72 16 using use VERB ct-9972 72 17 the the DET ct-9972 72 18 new new ADJ ct-9972 72 19 bull bull NOUN ct-9972 72 20 - - PUNCT ct-9972 72 21 breeding breeding NOUN ct-9972 72 22 soundness soundness NOUN ct-9972 72 23 evaluation evaluation NOUN ct-9972 72 24 forms form NOUN ct-9972 72 25 in in ADP ct-9972 72 26 adult adult NOUN ct-9972 72 27 and and CCONJ ct-9972 72 28 young young ADJ ct-9972 72 29 bulls bull NOUN ct-9972 72 30 . . PUNCT ct-9972 73 1 vet vet NOUN ct-9972 73 2 clin clin PROPN ct-9972 73 3 north north PROPN ct-9972 73 4 am be AUX ct-9972 73 5 food food NOUN ct-9972 73 6 anim anim NOUN ct-9972 73 7 pract pract NOUN ct-9972 73 8 1997;13:305–311 1997;13:305–311 PROPN ct-9972 73 9 . . PUNCT ct-9972 74 1 doi doi NOUN ct-9972 74 2 : : PUNCT ct-9972 74 3 10.1016/ 10.1016/ NUM ct-9972 74 4 s0749 s0749 PROPN ct-9972 74 5 - - PUNCT ct-9972 74 6 0720(15)30343 0720(15)30343 NOUN ct-9972 74 7 - - PUNCT ct-9972 74 8 1 1 NUM ct-9972 74 9 7 7 NUM ct-9972 74 10 . . PUNCT ct-9972 74 11 brito brito PROPN ct-9972 74 12 lfc lfc PROPN ct-9972 74 13 . . PUNCT ct-9972 75 1 applied apply VERB ct-9972 75 2 andrology andrology NOUN ct-9972 75 3 in in ADP ct-9972 75 4 cattle cattle NOUN ct-9972 75 5 ( ( PUNCT ct-9972 75 6 bos bos NOUN ct-9972 75 7 taurus taurus PROPN ct-9972 75 8 ) ) PUNCT ct-9972 75 9 . . PUNCT ct-9972 76 1 1st 1st ADJ ct-9972 76 2     SPACE ct-9972 76 3 edition edition NOUN ct-9972 76 4 , , PUNCT ct-9972 76 5     SPACE ct-9972 76 6 wallingford wallingford PROPN ct-9972 76 7 , , PUNCT ct-9972 76 8 oxfordshire oxfordshire PROPN ct-9972 76 9 , , PUNCT ct-9972 76 10 england england PROPN ct-9972 76 11 , , PUNCT ct-9972 76 12 uk uk PROPN ct-9972 76 13 ; ; PUNCT ct-9972 76 14 cabi cabi PROPN ct-9972 76 15 : : PUNCT ct-9972 76 16 2014 2014 NUM ct-9972 76 17 . . PUNCT ct-9972 77 1 8 8 NUM ct-9972 77 2 . . PUNCT ct-9972 78 1 beggs beggs PROPN ct-9972 78 2 ds ds PROPN ct-9972 78 3 : : PUNCT ct-9972 78 4 veterinary veterinary ADJ ct-9972 78 5 bull bull NOUN ct-9972 78 6 breeding breeding NOUN ct-9972 78 7 soundness soundness NOUN ct-9972 78 8 . . PUNCT ct-9972 79 1 eight eight NUM ct-9972 79 2 mile mile NOUN ct-9972 79 3 plains plain NOUN ct-9972 79 4 , , PUNCT ct-9972 79 5 qld qld PROPN ct-9972 79 6 , , PUNCT ct-9972 79 7 australia australia PROPN ct-9972 79 8 ; ; PUNCT ct-9972 79 9 australian australian ADJ ct-9972 79 10 cattle cattle NOUN ct-9972 79 11 veterinarians veterinarian NOUN ct-9972 79 12 ; ; PUNCT ct-9972 79 13 australian australian ADJ ct-9972 79 14 veterinary veterinary PROPN ct-9972 79 15 association association PROPN ct-9972 79 16 ltd ltd PROPN ct-9972 79 17 : : PUNCT ct-9972 79 18 2013 2013 NUM ct-9972 79 19 . . PUNCT ct-9972 79 20 table table NOUN ct-9972 79 21 2 2 NUM ct-9972 79 22 . . X ct-9972 79 23 abnormal abnormal ADJ ct-9972 79 24 spermiogram spermiogram PROPN ct-9972 79 25 findings finding NOUN ct-9972 79 26 ( ( PUNCT ct-9972 79 27 tertiary tertiary ADJ ct-9972 79 28 defects defect NOUN ct-9972 79 29 ) ) PUNCT ct-9972 79 30 because because SCONJ ct-9972 79 31 of of ADP ct-9972 79 32 sample sample NOUN ct-9972 79 33 preparation preparation NOUN ct-9972 79 34 error error NOUN ct-9972 79 35 is be AUX ct-9972 79 36 illustrated illustrate VERB ct-9972 79 37 ( ( PUNCT ct-9972 79 38 reproduced8 reproduced8 NOUN ct-9972 79 39 with with ADP ct-9972 79 40 permission permission NOUN ct-9972 79 41 ) ) PUNCT ct-9972 79 42 8.8.11 8.8.11 NUM ct-9972 79 43 defects defect NOUN ct-9972 79 44 caused cause VERB ct-9972 79 45 by by ADP ct-9972 79 46 sample sample NOUN ct-9972 79 47 preparation preparation NOUN ct-9972 79 48 several several ADJ ct-9972 79 49 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 79 50 problems problem NOUN ct-9972 79 51 , , PUNCT ct-9972 79 52 including include VERB ct-9972 79 53 those those PRON ct-9972 79 54 related relate VERB ct-9972 79 55 to to ADP ct-9972 79 56 movement movement NOUN ct-9972 79 57 and and CCONJ ct-9972 79 58 morphology morphology NOUN ct-9972 79 59 , , PUNCT ct-9972 79 60 can can AUX ct-9972 79 61 be be AUX ct-9972 79 62 caused cause VERB ct-9972 79 63 by by ADP ct-9972 79 64 environmental environmental ADJ ct-9972 79 65 factors factor NOUN ct-9972 79 66 which which PRON ct-9972 79 67 occur occur VERB ct-9972 79 68 after after SCONJ ct-9972 79 69 the the DET ct-9972 79 70 sample sample NOUN ct-9972 79 71 is be AUX ct-9972 79 72 collected collect VERB ct-9972 79 73 that that PRON ct-9972 79 74 can can AUX ct-9972 79 75 lead lead VERB ct-9972 79 76 to to ADP ct-9972 79 77 errors error NOUN ct-9972 79 78 in in ADP ct-9972 79 79 diagnosis diagnosis NOUN ct-9972 79 80 and and CCONJ ct-9972 79 81 prognosis prognosis NOUN ct-9972 79 82 . . PUNCT ct-9972 80 1 common common ADJ ct-9972 80 2 problems problem NOUN ct-9972 80 3 listed list VERB ct-9972 80 4 in in ADP ct-9972 80 5 this this DET ct-9972 80 6 category category NOUN ct-9972 80 7 are be AUX ct-9972 80 8 listed list VERB ct-9972 80 9 below below ADP ct-9972 80 10 : : PUNCT ct-9972 80 11 sample sample NOUN ct-9972 80 12 preparation preparation NOUN ct-9972 80 13 error error NOUN ct-9972 80 14 indicators indicator NOUN ct-9972 80 15 in in ADP ct-9972 80 16 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 80 17 cold cold ADJ ct-9972 80 18 shock shock NOUN ct-9972 80 19 • • NUM ct-9972 80 20 observation observation NOUN ct-9972 80 21 of of ADP ct-9972 80 22 particular particular ADJ ct-9972 80 23 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 80 24 movements movement NOUN ct-9972 80 25 , , PUNCT ct-9972 80 26 such such ADJ ct-9972 80 27 as as ADP ct-9972 80 28 moving move VERB ct-9972 80 29 backwards backwards ADV ct-9972 80 30 , , PUNCT ct-9972 80 31 circling circle VERB ct-9972 80 32 and and CCONJ ct-9972 80 33 ‘ ' PUNCT ct-9972 80 34 shimmering shimmering NOUN ct-9972 80 35 ’ ' PUNCT ct-9972 80 36 in in ADP ct-9972 80 37 place place NOUN ct-9972 80 38 . . 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PUNCT ct-9972 82 1 • • NUM ct-9972 82 2 increased increase VERB ct-9972 82 3 distal distal ADJ ct-9972 82 4 midpiece midpiece ADJ ct-9972 82 5 reflexes reflex NOUN ct-9972 82 6 without without ADP ct-9972 82 7 accompanying accompany VERB ct-9972 82 8 retained retain VERB ct-9972 82 9 droplets droplet NOUN ct-9972 82 10 poor poor ADJ ct-9972 82 11 handling handling NOUN ct-9972 82 12 ( ( PUNCT ct-9972 82 13 temperature temperature NOUN ct-9972 82 14 , , PUNCT ct-9972 82 15 contamination contamination NOUN ct-9972 82 16 , , PUNCT ct-9972 82 17 rough rough ADJ ct-9972 82 18 handling handling NOUN ct-9972 82 19 , , PUNCT ct-9972 82 20 inappropriate inappropriate ADJ ct-9972 82 21 extender extender NOUN ct-9972 82 22 ) ) PUNCT ct-9972 82 23 • • NOUN ct-9972 82 24 decreased decrease VERB ct-9972 82 25 percent percent NOUN ct-9972 82 26 intact intact ADJ ct-9972 82 27 acrosomes acrosome NOUN ct-9972 82 28 • • ADV ct-9972 82 29 increased increase VERB ct-9972 82 30 loose loose ADV ct-9972 82 31 / / SYM ct-9972 82 32 degenerating degenerate VERB ct-9972 82 33 acrosomes acrosome NOUN ct-9972 82 34 • • NOUN ct-9972 82 35 presence presence NOUN ct-9972 82 36 of of ADP ct-9972 82 37 evident evident ADJ ct-9972 82 38 numerous numerous ADJ ct-9972 82 39 bacteria bacteria NOUN ct-9972 82 40 • • ADP ct-9972 82 41 excessive excessive ADJ ct-9972 82 42 clumping clumping NOUN ct-9972 82 43 • • NOUN ct-9972 82 44 increased increase VERB ct-9972 82 45 bent bent ADJ ct-9972 82 46 and and CCONJ ct-9972 82 47 coiled coil VERB ct-9972 82 48 tails tail NOUN ct-9972 82 49 • • ADV ct-9972 82 50 increased increase VERB ct-9972 82 51 loose loose ADV ct-9972 82 52 / / SYM ct-9972 82 53 detached detach VERB ct-9972 82 54 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 82 55 heads head NOUN ct-9972 83 1 • • DET ct-9972 83 2 evidence evidence NOUN ct-9972 83 3 of of ADP ct-9972 83 4 crystal crystal NOUN ct-9972 83 5 formation formation NOUN ct-9972 83 6 nonisotonic nonisotonic ADJ ct-9972 83 7 media medium NOUN ct-9972 83 8 • • NUM ct-9972 83 9 increased increase VERB ct-9972 83 10 distal distal ADJ ct-9972 83 11 midpiece midpiece ADJ ct-9972 83 12 reflexes reflex NOUN ct-9972 83 13 and and CCONJ ct-9972 83 14 tail tail NOUN ct-9972 83 15 abnormalities abnormality NOUN ct-9972 83 16 poor poor ADJ ct-9972 83 17 preparation preparation NOUN ct-9972 83 18 / / SYM ct-9972 83 19 staining stain VERB ct-9972 83 20 / / SYM ct-9972 83 21 microscopy microscopy NOUN ct-9972 83 22 • • NOUN ct-9972 83 23 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 83 24 stained stain VERB ct-9972 83 25 too too ADV ct-9972 83 26 dark dark ADJ ct-9972 83 27 , , PUNCT ct-9972 83 28 too too ADV ct-9972 83 29 light light ADJ ct-9972 83 30 • • NOUN ct-9972 83 31 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 83 32 too too ADV ct-9972 83 33 concentrated concentrated ADJ ct-9972 83 34 or or CCONJ ct-9972 83 35 too too ADV ct-9972 83 36 sparse sparse ADJ ct-9972 83 37 on on ADP ct-9972 83 38 the the DET ct-9972 83 39 slide slide NOUN ct-9972 83 40 • • PRON ct-9972 83 41 ‘ ' PUNCT ct-9972 83 42 halo halo NOUN ct-9972 83 43 ’ ' PUNCT ct-9972 83 44 effect effect NOUN ct-9972 83 45 and and CCONJ ct-9972 83 46 ‘ ' PUNCT ct-9972 83 47 cracks crack NOUN ct-9972 83 48 ’ ' PUNCT ct-9972 83 49 in in ADP ct-9972 83 50 the the DET ct-9972 83 51 stain stain NOUN ct-9972 83 52 monolayer monolayer NOUN ct-9972 83 53 • • ADP ct-9972 83 54 undetected undetecte VERB ct-9972 83 55 subtle subtle ADJ ct-9972 83 56 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 83 57 defects defect NOUN ct-9972 83 58 ( ( PUNCT ct-9972 83 59 especially especially ADV ct-9972 83 60 if if SCONJ ct-9972 83 61 consistent consistent ADJ ct-9972 83 62 ) ) PUNCT ct-9972 83 63 • • ADV ct-9972 83 64 curiously curiously ADV ct-9972 83 65 increased increase VERB ct-9972 83 66 numbers number NOUN ct-9972 83 67 of of ADP ct-9972 83 68 narrow narrow ADJ ct-9972 83 69 heads head NOUN ct-9972 83 70 excessive excessive ADJ ct-9972 83 71 motion motion NOUN ct-9972 83 72 or or CCONJ ct-9972 83 73 torsion torsion NOUN ct-9972 83 74 ( ( PUNCT ct-9972 83 75 coverslip coverslip NOUN ct-9972 83 76 ) ) PUNCT ct-9972 83 77 • • NOUN ct-9972 83 78 increased increase VERB ct-9972 83 79 loose loose ADV ct-9972 83 80 / / SYM ct-9972 83 81 detached detach VERB ct-9972 83 82 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 83 83 heads head NOUN ct-9972 84 1 • • DET ct-9972 84 2 evidence evidence NOUN ct-9972 84 3 of of ADP ct-9972 84 4 disruption disruption NOUN ct-9972 84 5 ( ( PUNCT ct-9972 84 6 broken break VERB ct-9972 84 7 midpieces midpiece NOUN ct-9972 84 8 and and CCONJ ct-9972 84 9 tails tail NOUN ct-9972 84 10 , , PUNCT ct-9972 84 11 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 84 12 debris debris NOUN ct-9972 84 13 ) ) PUNCT ct-9972 84 14 of of ADP ct-9972 84 15 the the DET ct-9972 84 16 sperm sperm NOUN ct-9972 84 17 preparation preparation NOUN ct-9972 84 18 p. p. 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