ACRL News Issue (B) of College & Research Libraries R e la to r T erm s fo r R are B o o k , M a n u scrip t, an d S p ecia l C ollection s C ataloging (Second E dition) ACRL RBMS Standards Committee I. Introduction The following list of relator terms has been ap­ proved for use in rare materials cataloging by the Standards C om m ittee of the Rare Books and Manuscripts Section of the Association of College and Research Libraries. It is now published in this second edition. The present list is a fu rth er revision of one originally proposed by the Ad Hoc Committee of the Independent Research Libraries Association in Proposals fo r Establishing Standards fo r the Cataloguing o f Rare Books and Specialized Re­ search M aterials in M achine-R eadable Form (Worcester, Mass., 1979), and published in its first edition in C&RL News, S eptem ber 1980. Com m ents from the Library of Congress and from members of the rare books and special col­ lections community have been taken into account in preparing this second edition. The list, in its first edition, was transmitted to the ALA Resources and Technical Services Divi­ sion Committee on Cataloging: Description and Access, with the request that the second edition of the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules, rule 21.0D, be amended to allow for the optional use of these terms. It is anticipated that the list will be forwarded to the Library of Congress and the F ed era l L ibrary C o m m ittee to have “re la to r codes” assigned, according to the technique for content designating specialized added entries ac­ cepted by LC and ALA in 1979. The Library of Congress also has indicated that consideration is being given to modifying the ABACUS decision relative to rule 21.0D so far as rare book relators are concerned. It is th e rec o m m en d a tio n of th e RBMS Standards C om m ittee and th e IRLA Ad Hoc Committee that this standard list be adopted by all rare books and specialized collections, espe­ cially those who participate in a bibliographic network. II. Purpose of the list The need for rare book and special collections library users to be able to distinguish added en­ tries for different kinds of contributors to the in­ tellectual content, physical production or prov­ enance of items in their collections has long been recognized by rare books librarians. Relator terms are used in manual cataloging systems to create discrete special files for access by the names of il­ lustrators, printers, former owners, etc., or to ar­ range bibliographic records within a single catalog file in an order reflecting these distinctions. The IRLA Ad Hoc Committee studied the use of relator terms in MARC cataloging and found that they would be essential if special files were to be created in an automated system. In addi­ tion, the use of relators would potentially provide libraries with the capability of conducting spe­ cialized searches on-line in their data bases, and of producing valuable output lists, inventories, etc. However, to derive these benefits in a net­ work environment, relator terms and the manner of their use in the bibliographic record needed to be standardized to the greatest degree possible. HI. N ature and scope of the list This list does not attem pt to be exhaustive in enum erating all possible functions a person or body may perform in the production or history of a bibliographic item. Most of the relator terms al­ ready p ro v id ed in th e second ed itio n of the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules have not been included; however, it is recognized that certain types of specialized collections (e.g., legal mate­ rials) may wish to use th e relators contained th e re in for producing specialized lists or a r ­ rangements of entries. The present list, rather, attempts to give those functions that are consid­ ered to correspond to widely accepted types of associations with printed or manuscript materials. Brief definitions or use notes are provided where necessary to avoid ambiguity. A reference structure betw een various terms has been provided. This follows the format rec­ ommended in American National Standards Insti­ tute, American National Standard Guidelines fo r T hesaurus S tru c tu re , C o n stru ctio n , and Use (New York, 1973), as illustrated in the following table: Cross- references Symbols Broader term BT Narrower term NT Related term RT Use Use Used for UF Terms authorized for use are given in capital let­ ters; unauthorized synonymous terms appear in lower case letters. Some of these relator terms pertain largely or exclusively to “copy-specific” added entries (e.g., FORM ER OW NER, H O N O REE). Catalogers should be careful to preserve this important dis- 322 323 t inction in th e MARC reco rd , using th e mechanisms for copy-specific added entries pro­ vided by their network or bibliographic utility, and providing in the bibliographic description appropriate copy-specific notes. IV. MARC application Relators should be entered in the subfield ≠ e in added entry fields 700/710 as appropriate. If a person or body is associated with more than one function, do not repeat the subfield ≠e; rather, repeat the added entry field as many times as there are functions to be indicated, using an ap­ propriate relator in each case. Alternately, librar­ ies interfiling various types of relator entries in a single alphabetic sequence may wish only to em­ ploy the broader relator terms such as BOOK DESIGNER in an inclusive manner rather than using all the specific narrow er term s such as TYPE D ESIG NER or TYPOGRAPHER (etc.) when such usage would result in multiple entries for the same person or body working in various capacities on the same book. Libraries with ex­ tensive holdings of a single person or firm may wish to employ all the most specific terms in elaborately subdivided files. Each library should apply the relator terms in the manner most ap­ propriate to its own needs, while working within this framework of standardized forms to provide the benefit of network interaction. V. Maintenance of the list The list of relator terms will be maintained by the editor of the Relator List on behalf of the RBMS Standards Committee. Updates to the list will appear occasionally, published in the library press. Upon the advice of the Standards Commit­ tee, the editor shall prepare a new edition for publication. Additional terms for the list should be submitted in writing and: 1) indicate the scope or use of each term; 2) indicate reason for need of the term; 3) provide an appropriate reference structure. Q ueries and comments may be addressed to: Chair, Standards Com mittee, Rare Books and Manuscripts Section, ACRL/ALA, 50 E. Huron Street, Chicago, IL 60611, Attention: Relator List. Relator List ANNOTATOR Use for writer of manuscript annotations in a printed book. BT ASSOCIATED NAME ASSIGNEE Use for person or organization to which a license for printing or publishing has been transferred. RT LICENSEE ASSOCIATED NAME Use as a general relator for a name associated with or found in a book, or which cannot be determined to be that of a FORMER OWNER or other designated relator indicative of prov­ enance. NT ANNOTATOR DONOR FORMER OWNER HONOREE INSCRIBER SIGNER BINDER RT BINDING DESIGNER BINDING DESIGNER RT BINDER BOOK DESIGNER UF Designer of binding BOOK DESIGNER Use for person or firm responsible for the en­ tire graphic design of a book, including ar­ rangement of type and illustration, choice of materials, and processes to be used. NT TYPE DESIGNER TYPOGRAPHER RT BINDING DESIGNER BOOKJACKET DESIGNER GRAPHIC TECHNICIAN ILL. [USTRATOR] UF Designer of book BOOKJACKET DESIGNER RT BOOK DESIGNER UF Designer of bookjacket BOOKPLATE DESIGNER UF Designer of bookplate BOOKSELLER RT DISTRIBUTOR PUBLISHER Bowdlerizer Use CENSOR CALLIGRAPHER CARTOGRAPHER CENSOR Use for censor, bowdlerizer, expurgator, etc., official or private. UF Bowdlerizer Expurgator COMPOSITOR UF Typesetter COPYRIGHT HOLDER CORRECTOR Use for scriptorium official who corrected the work of a scribe; for p rin te d m a tte r use PROOFREADER. Counterfeiter Use FORGER DEDICATEE Use for person or organization to whom a book or manuscript is dedicated (not the recipient of a gift). RT DEDICATOR DEDICATOR Use for the author of a dedication. The dedica­ tion may be a formal statement or it may be in epistolary or verse form. RT DEDICATEE Designer of binding Use BINDING DESIGNER 324 Designer of book Use BOOK D ESIG NER D e s ig n e r of b o o k jack et Use B O O K JA C K E T D ESIG NER D e s ig n e r of b o o k p la te Use B O O K PL A T E DESIG NER Designer of type Use TYPE DESIG NER DISTRIBUTOR RT BOOKSELLER PRINTER PUBLISHER SPONSOR DONOR Use for donor of book to present owner; donor to previous owner is designated as FO R M ER OWNER. BT ASSOCIATED NAME RT H O NO REE ENGRAVER BT GRAPHIC TECHNICIAN NT METAL-ENGRAVER WOOD-ENGRAVER E T C H E R BT GRAPHIC TECHNICIAN Expurgator Use CENSOR FORGER UF Counterfeiter FORM ER OW NER Use for person or organization owning book at any tim e in the past. Include person or organi­ zation to whom book was once p resen ted as nam ed in a sta te m en t in scrib ed by an o th er person or organization; person or body giving book to p r e s e n t o w n er is d e s ig n a te d as DONOR. BT ASSOCIATED NAME RT INSCRIBER SIGNER GRAPHIC TECHNICIAN Use as a general relator for person responsible for th e realization of a design in a m edium from which a print may be produced. If person w ho co n c eiv es th e d esig n ( i.e ., I L L . [U S ­ TRATOR]) also realizes it, added entries for both functions may be used as needed. Special p rin t collections and some libraries may prefer relators designating specific processes. If no appropriate term is found in this list, a specific rela to r may be supplied, and su b m itte d for possible addition to the list (see Introduction). NT ENGRAVER E T C H E R LITHOGRAPHER METAL-ENCRAVER W OOD-ENCRAVER RT BOOK D ESIG NER ILLUMINATOR ILL. [USTRATOR] PRIN TER O F PLATES H O NO REE Use for person in memory or honor of whom a book is donated. BT ASSOCIATED NAME RT DONOR UF Memorial ILLUMINATOR RT GRAPHIC TECHNICIAN ILL. [USTRATOR] RUBRICATOR ILL. [USTRATOR] AACR2 form ill. required. Use for person who conceives a design or illus­ tration. RT BOOK DESIG NER GRAPHIC TECHNICIAN ILLUMINATOR LITH O G RA PH ER PHOTOGRAPHER RUBRICATOR Im prim atur Use LICENSOR INSCRIBER Use for person who signs a presentation state­ ment. BT ASSOCIATED NAME RT FORM ER O W NER SIGNER LICENSEE Use for original recipient of right to print or publish. RT ASSIGNEE LICENSOR Use for signer of license, imprim atur, etc. UF Imprimatur LITHOGRAPHER Use for person who prepares stone or grained p la te for lith o g ra p h ic p rin tin g , in c lu d in g graphic artist creatin g original design w hile working directly on surface from which printing will be done. BT GRAPHIC TECHNICIAN RT ILL. [USTRATOR] Memorial Use H O NO REE METAL-ENGRAVER BT ENGRAVER GRAPHIC TECHNICIAN PAPERMAKER PHOTOGRAPHER Use for person responsible for taking photo­ graphs used to illustrate a book either in their original form or as reproductions. RT ILL. [USTRATOR] Plates, P rinter of Use PRIN TER O F PLATES PRINTER Use for printer of texts, w hether from type or plates (e.g., stereotype) RT DISTRIBUTOR PRIN TER OF PLATES TYPOGRAPHER PRIN TER O F PLATES Use for prin ter of illustrations or designs from plates. RT GRAPHIC TECHNICIAN PRINTER UF Plates, P rinter of PROOFREADER 325 Use for corrector of printed matter only; for manuscripts use CORRECTOR. PUBLISHER RT BOOKSELLER DISTRIBUTOR RECIPIENT Use for person to whom letters are addressed. RUBRICATOR RT ILLUMINATOR ILL. [USTRATOR] SCRIBE Use for maker of pen-facsimiles of printed mat­ ter as well as for amanuensis and for writer of manuscripts proper. SIGNER Use for signature which appears in a book without a presentation or other statement in­ dicative of provenance. BT ASSOCIATED NAME RT FORMER OWNER INSCRIBER SPONSOR Use for person or body which sponsors the production of book, e.g., the entity “under the auspices of” which book has been written, printed, published, etc. RT DISTRIBUTOR TYPE DESIGNER Use for person who designed the type face used in a particular book. BT BOOK DESIGNER RT TYPOGRAPHER UF Designer of type Typesetter Use COMPOSITOR TYPOGRAPHER Use for person primarily responsible for choice and arrangement of type used in a book. If person who selects and arranges type is also re­ sponsible for other aspects of the graphic de­ sign of a book (i.e ., BOOK D E SIG N E R ), added entries for both functions may be used as needed. BT BOOK DESIGNER RT PRINTER TYPE DESIGNER WOOD-ENGRAVER BT ENGRAVER GRAPHIC TECHNICIAN ACRL’S FAST JOB LISTING Looking for a job? Our Fast Job Listing will send you job postings received at ACRL headquar­ ters four weeks before they appear in C&RL News. The Fast Job Listing Service also contains advertisements which, because of narrow application deadlines, will not appear in C&RL News. The ACRL office prepares a Fast Job Listing circular at the beginning of each month and mails it to subscribers first class. The circular contains all job announcements received during the previous four weeks. The cost of a six-month subscription is $10 for ACRL members and $15 for nonmembers. You may enter your subscription below.