nov09ff.indd C&RL News November 2009 620 Gary Pattillo is reference librarian at the University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, e-mail: pattillo@email. unc.edu G a r y P a t t i l l o Emerging college majors The Chronicle of Higher Education, in interviews with economic forecasters, academic experts, and business analysts, has identifi ed fi ve up-and-coming ma- jors we are likely to see at more colleges in the coming years. They are: service science, health informatics, computational science, sustainability, and public health. Many majors will see increasing cross-disciplinary study. Karin Fischer and David Glenn, “Five college majors on the rise,” The Chronicle of Higher Education, August 31 2009. chronicle.com/article/5-College-Majors-On-the-Rise/48207/. Retrieved September 14, 2009. Moving to Canada Canadian universities are seeing an increase in the number of students from the United States. According to data from the Association of Universities and Colleges of Canada, enrollments of U.S. students reached 8,200 in 2007–08, up from 3,312 a decade ago. The Canadian Embassy estimates there may be as many as 10,000 U.S. students this year, ranking second only to China. Canadian universities are increasing their recruiting efforts in the United States. Student aid and costs were also cited as reasons for the rising numbers. Susan Snyder, “More U.S. students picking Canadian universities,” The Philadelphia Inquirer, September 28 2009. www. philly.com/inquirer/local/20090928_More_U_S_students_picking_Canadian_universities.html. Retrieved September 30, 2009. Google Scholar Google Scholar, while useful for general topical keyword searching, is useless for citation or publication analysis. Some software and Google itself uses its own data for this purpose, but the results are highly inaccurate. In a Library Journal article, Peter Jasco reveals many of the problems with Google Scholar. Among them are “ghost authors,” “lost authors,” and attribution errors. For example, at the time of writing, Google Scholar returned 73,400 articles attributed to “Sub- scribe” and 42,700 records attributed to “Methods.” Google has since removed some of these errors, but metadata errors continue to accrue in the database. Peter Jasco, “Newswire Analysis: Google Scholar’s Ghost Authors, Lost Authors, and Other Problems,” Library Journal, September 24, 2009. www.libraryjournal.com/article/CA6698580.html. Retrieved October 1, 2009. Price of education Public four-year postsecondary institutions reported a 5 percent increase (after infl ation) in in-state tuition and required fees and a 3 percent increase in out- of-state tuition and required fees charged to full-time undergraduates between 2006 and 2009. Over the same two-year period, four-year private not-for-profi t institutions reported a 5 percent increase and private for-profi t four-year institu- tions reported a 3 percent increase. Private for-profi t institutions reported the highest overall average price of attendance during 2008–09 for undergraduates living on campus at $35,021. Public institutions reported an average price of $17,655 for in-state and $26,219 for out-of-state full-time, fi rst-time degree/ certifi cate-seeking undergraduates living on campus. L. G. Knapp, J. E. Kelly-Reid, and S. A. Ginder, (2009), “Postsecondary Institutions and Price of Attendance in the United States: Fall 2008, Degrees and Other Awards Conferred: 2007-08, and 12-Month Enrollment: 2007-08 (NCES 2009-165),” National Center for Education Statistics, Institute of Education Sciences, U.S. Department of Education. Washington, D.C. http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2009/2009165.pdf. Retrieved October 14, 2009.