Fast Facts C&RL News May 2016 264 Gary Pattillo is reference librarian at the University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, e-mail: pattillo@email. unc.edu G a r y P a t t i l l o Adult competencies In numeracy, a higher percentage of U.S. adults scored in the bottom levels of proficiency compared to adults from other participating countries in the Program for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies. The average numeracy score for U.S. adults (including the unemployed, young adults, older adults, and incarcerated adults) was lower than the average scores for 16 other countries, about the same for three countries, and higher than those for three other countries. In problem-solving skills in technology-rich environments, the U.S. average score was lower than 17 other participating countries. Bobby D. Rampey, Robert Finnegan, Madeline Goodman, et al., “Skills of U.S. Unemployed, Young, and Older Adults in Sharper Focus: Results From the Program for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC) 2012/2014: First Look,” (NCES 2016-039), 2016, U.S. Department of Education, Washington, D.C.: National Center for Education Statistics, http://nces.ed.gov/pubsearch/pubsinfo.asp?pubid=2016039 (retrieved April 6, 2016). User experience of duplicate web links “Eliminate redundancy on web pages whenever possible to reduce cognitive overload. Each extra link makes your site harder to use. Providing redundancy on web pages can sometimes help people find their way. However, redundancy increases the interaction cost. Even if you increase traffic to a specific page by adding redundant links to it, you may lose return traffic to the site from users who are confused and can’t find what they want.” Hoa Loranger, “The Same Link Twice on the Same Page: Do Duplicates Help or Hurt?,” Nielsen Norman Group, March 13, 2016, https://www.nngroup.com/articles/duplicate-links (retrieved April 11, 2016). Desktop vs. mobile vs. tablet Since 2014, mobile web usage accounts for more web activity than desktop or tablet web activity. As of April 2016, mobile usage accounts for 53 percent of web traffic, while desktop usage is about 43 percent and tablet usage is about 4 percent. Mixpanel Mobile Analytics, “Desktop vs. mobile vs. tablet,” Mixpanel Trends, April 11, 2016, https://mixpanel.com/ trends/#report/desktop_vs_mobile_vs_tablet (retrieved April 13, 2016). Print monographs vs. electronic monographs On average, faculty preference for using scholarly monographs for reading in depth remains high for print format rather than digital format. For exploring ref- erences or searching for a particular topic, faculty find electronic formats easier. Christine Wolff, Alisa B. Rod, and Roger C. Schonfeld, “Ithaka S+R US Faculty Survey 2015,” Ithaka S+R, last modified April 4, 2016, http://sr.ithaka.org?p=277685 (retrieved April 13, 2016). Military-connected students “Nearly 4 million students around the country have a parent who has served in the U.S. military since 9/11. Approximately 700,000 of these students are children of active-duty service members who move an average of six to nine times during their K-12 education, which is three times more often than their civilian classmates.” Susan Conolly, “Why College and Career Ready Standards Are Important for Military-Connected Students,” Military Child Education Coalition Blog, June 22, 2015, www.militarychild.org/blog/why-college-and-career-ready-standards -are-important-for-military-connected (retrieved April 6, 2016).