id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentence	flesch	summary	cache	txt
cblr-14242	Ichikawa, Takumi	The Rules Governing Director Election Contests in Global Activism: A U.S.-Japan Comparative Study: Takumi Ichikawa	2025	70	.pdf	application/pdf	21111	1009	46	This examination involves analyzing the rationales for such differences from three perspectives: (i) the objectives of both proxy rules, (ii) the methods and practices of shareholder voting, and (iii) the conflicts between management and shareholders. [Vol. 2024 the case in Japan and is a type of shareholder passivity),81 and, in practice, the Voting Forms are often treated as favoring management proposals and opposing shareholder proposals;82 (iii) only proxies can authorize the agent to exercise voting rights on amendments or procedural motions submitted at the shareholders’ meeting; and (iv) the management can and often does express their opposition against dissenting shareholders proposals in the Voting Form and Shareholder Reference Documents during contested situations.83 III.	cache/cblr-14242.pdf	txt/cblr-14242.txt