id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
cblr-10943	1	1	microsoft	microsoft	PROPN
cblr-10943	1	2	word	word	PROPN
cblr-10943	1	3	jang.docx	jang.docx	PROPN
cblr-10943	1	4	note	note	VERB
cblr-10943	1	5	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	1	6	doctor	doctor	NOUN
cblr-10943	1	7	knows	know	VERB
cblr-10943	1	8	best	well	ADV
cblr-10943	1	9	?	?	PUNCT
cblr-10943	1	10	:	:	PUNCT
cblr-10943	1	11	reconsidering	reconsider	VERB
cblr-10943	1	12	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	1	13	role	role	NOUN
cblr-10943	1	14	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	1	15	expert	expert	ADJ
cblr-10943	1	16	discretion	discretion	NOUN
cblr-10943	1	17	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	1	18	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	1	19	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	1	20	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	1	21	act	act	VERB
cblr-10943	1	22	justin	justin	PROPN
cblr-10943	1	23	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	1	24	young	young	ADJ
cblr-10943	1	25	seok	seok	PROPN
cblr-10943	1	26	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	2	1	jang	jang	PROPN
cblr-10943	2	2	*	*	PUNCT
cblr-10943	2	3	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	2	4	2021	2021	NUM
cblr-10943	2	5	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	2	6	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	2	7	supreme	supreme	PROPN
cblr-10943	2	8	court	court	PROPN
cblr-10943	2	9	denied	deny	VERB
cblr-10943	2	10	certiorari	certiorari	NOUN
cblr-10943	2	11	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	2	12	care	care	NOUN
cblr-10943	2	13	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
cblr-10943	2	14	v.	v.	ADP
cblr-10943	2	15	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	2	16	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	2	17	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	2	18	leaving	leave	VERB
cblr-10943	2	19	open	open	ADJ
cblr-10943	2	20	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	2	21	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	2	22	split	split	NOUN
cblr-10943	2	23	regarding	regard	VERB
cblr-10943	2	24	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	2	25	intersection	intersection	NOUN
cblr-10943	2	26	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	2	27	expert	expert	NOUN
cblr-10943	2	28	testimony	testimony	NOUN
cblr-10943	2	29	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	2	30	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	2	31	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	2	32	element	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	2	33	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	2	34	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	2	35	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	2	36	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	2	37	act	act	PROPN
cblr-10943	2	38	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	3	1	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	3	2	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN
cblr-10943	3	3	could	could	AUX
cblr-10943	3	4	lead	lead	VERB
cblr-10943	3	5	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	3	6	significant	significant	ADJ
cblr-10943	3	7	civil	civil	ADJ
cblr-10943	3	8	liability	liability	NOUN
cblr-10943	3	9	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	3	10	only	only	ADV
cblr-10943	3	11	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	3	12	medicare	medicare	PROPN
cblr-10943	3	13	/	/	SYM
cblr-10943	3	14	medicaid	medicaid	PROPN
cblr-10943	3	15	service	service	NOUN
cblr-10943	3	16	providers	provider	NOUN
cblr-10943	3	17	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	3	18	but	but	CCONJ
cblr-10943	3	19	also	also	ADV
cblr-10943	3	20	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	3	21	any	any	DET
cblr-10943	3	22	private	private	ADJ
cblr-10943	3	23	parties	party	NOUN
cblr-10943	3	24	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	3	25	receive	receive	VERB
cblr-10943	3	26	money	money	NOUN
cblr-10943	3	27	from	from	ADP
cblr-10943	3	28	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	3	29	federal	federal	ADJ
cblr-10943	3	30	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	3	31	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	4	1	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	4	2	note	note	NOUN
cblr-10943	4	3	outlines	outline	VERB
cblr-10943	4	4	three	three	NUM
cblr-10943	4	5	potential	potential	ADJ
cblr-10943	4	6	solutions	solution	NOUN
cblr-10943	4	7	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	4	8	can	can	AUX
cblr-10943	4	9	resolve	resolve	VERB
cblr-10943	4	10	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	4	11	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	4	12	split	split	VERB
cblr-10943	4	13	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	4	14	balance	balance	VERB
cblr-10943	4	15	between	between	ADP
cblr-10943	4	16	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	4	17	interests	interest	NOUN
cblr-10943	4	18	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	4	19	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	4	20	federal	federal	ADJ
cblr-10943	4	21	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	4	22	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	4	23	countering	counter	VERB
cblr-10943	4	24	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	4	25	from	from	ADP
cblr-10943	4	26	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	4	27	contracting	contracting	NOUN
cblr-10943	4	28	process	process	NOUN
cblr-10943	4	29	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	4	30	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	4	31	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	4	32	interests	interest	NOUN
cblr-10943	4	33	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	4	34	privatesector	privatesector	NOUN
cblr-10943	4	35	firms	firm	NOUN
cblr-10943	4	36	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	4	37	facilitating	facilitate	VERB
cblr-10943	4	38	ease	ease	NOUN
cblr-10943	4	39	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	4	40	doing	do	VERB
cblr-10943	4	41	business	business	NOUN
cblr-10943	4	42	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	4	43	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	4	44	public	public	ADJ
cblr-10943	4	45	sector	sector	NOUN
cblr-10943	4	46	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	5	1	i.	i.	PROPN
cblr-10943	5	2	introduction	introduction	NOUN
cblr-10943	5	3	.......................................................................	.......................................................................	PUNCT
cblr-10943	6	1	994	994	NUM
cblr-10943	6	2	ii	ii	NOUN
cblr-10943	6	3	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	7	1	overview	overview	NOUN
cblr-10943	7	2	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	7	3	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	7	4	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	7	5	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	7	6	act	act	NOUN
cblr-10943	7	7	...................................	...................................	PUNCT
cblr-10943	8	1	995	995	NUM
cblr-10943	8	2	a.	a.	NOUN
cblr-10943	8	3	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	8	4	historical	historical	ADJ
cblr-10943	8	5	development	development	NOUN
cblr-10943	8	6	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	8	7	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	8	8	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	8	9	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	8	10	act	act	NOUN
cblr-10943	8	11	...............................................................................	...............................................................................	PUNCT
cblr-10943	8	12	995	995	NUM
cblr-10943	8	13	b.	b.	PROPN
cblr-10943	8	14	basic	basic	ADJ
cblr-10943	8	15	elements	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	8	16	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	8	17	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	8	18	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	8	19	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	8	20	act	act	VERB
cblr-10943	8	21	...............	...............	PUNCT
cblr-10943	8	22	998	998	NUM
cblr-10943	8	23	iii	iii	NOUN
cblr-10943	8	24	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	9	1	legal	legal	ADJ
cblr-10943	9	2	background	background	NOUN
cblr-10943	9	3	........................................................	........................................................	PUNCT
cblr-10943	10	1	1000	1000	NUM
cblr-10943	10	2	a.	a.	NOUN
cblr-10943	10	3	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	10	4	&	&	CCONJ
cblr-10943	10	5	scienter	scienter	NOUN
cblr-10943	10	6	................................................	................................................	PUNCT
cblr-10943	10	7	1001	1001	NUM
cblr-10943	10	8	b.	b.	PROPN
cblr-10943	10	9	circuit	circuit	PROPN
cblr-10943	10	10	split	split	VERB
cblr-10943	10	11	history	history	NOUN
cblr-10943	10	12	............................................	............................................	PUNCT
cblr-10943	10	13	1003	1003	NUM
cblr-10943	10	14	c.	c.	NOUN
cblr-10943	10	15	ramifications	ramification	NOUN
cblr-10943	10	16	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	10	17	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	10	18	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	10	19	split	split	NOUN
cblr-10943	10	20	.......................	.......................	PUNCT
cblr-10943	10	21	1008	1008	NUM
cblr-10943	10	22	iv	iv	NUM
cblr-10943	10	23	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	10	24	proposed	propose	VERB
cblr-10943	10	25	solution	solution	NOUN
cblr-10943	10	26	.........................................................	.........................................................	PUNCT
cblr-10943	10	27	1014	1014	NUM
cblr-10943	10	28	a.	a.	NOUN
cblr-10943	10	29	considerations	consideration	NOUN
cblr-10943	10	30	......................................................	......................................................	PUNCT
cblr-10943	11	1	1014	1014	NUM
cblr-10943	11	2	*	*	PUNCT
cblr-10943	11	3	j.d	j.d	PROPN
cblr-10943	11	4	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	11	5	candidate	candidate	NOUN
cblr-10943	11	6	2023	2023	NUM
cblr-10943	11	7	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	11	8	columbia	columbia	PROPN
cblr-10943	11	9	law	law	NOUN
cblr-10943	11	10	school	school	NOUN
cblr-10943	11	11	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	11	12	b.s.f.s	b.s.f.s	PROPN
cblr-10943	11	13	.	.	NOUN
cblr-10943	11	14	2019	2019	NUM
cblr-10943	11	15	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	11	16	georgetown	georgetown	PROPN
cblr-10943	11	17	university	university	PROPN
cblr-10943	11	18	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	12	1	i	i	PRON
cblr-10943	12	2	would	would	AUX
cblr-10943	12	3	like	like	VERB
cblr-10943	12	4	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	12	5	thank	thank	VERB
cblr-10943	12	6	professor	professor	PROPN
cblr-10943	12	7	kathryn	kathryn	PROPN
cblr-10943	12	8	judge	judge	PROPN
cblr-10943	12	9	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	12	10	her	her	PRON
cblr-10943	12	11	guidance	guidance	NOUN
cblr-10943	12	12	throughout	throughout	ADP
cblr-10943	12	13	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	12	14	writing	writing	NOUN
cblr-10943	12	15	process	process	NOUN
cblr-10943	12	16	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	13	1	i	i	PRON
cblr-10943	13	2	would	would	AUX
cblr-10943	13	3	also	also	ADV
cblr-10943	13	4	like	like	VERB
cblr-10943	13	5	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	13	6	thank	thank	VERB
cblr-10943	13	7	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	13	8	staff	staff	NOUN
cblr-10943	13	9	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	13	10	editorial	editorial	ADJ
cblr-10943	13	11	board	board	NOUN
cblr-10943	13	12	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	13	13	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	13	14	columbia	columbia	PROPN
cblr-10943	13	15	business	business	PROPN
cblr-10943	13	16	law	law	PROPN
cblr-10943	13	17	review	review	NOUN
cblr-10943	13	18	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	13	19	their	their	PRON
cblr-10943	13	20	thoughtful	thoughtful	ADJ
cblr-10943	13	21	assistance	assistance	NOUN
cblr-10943	13	22	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	13	23	preparing	prepare	VERB
cblr-10943	13	24	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	13	25	note	note	NOUN
cblr-10943	13	26	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	13	27	publication	publication	NOUN
cblr-10943	13	28	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	14	1	994	994	NUM
cblr-10943	14	2	columbia	columbia	PROPN
cblr-10943	14	3	business	business	NOUN
cblr-10943	14	4	law	law	PROPN
cblr-10943	14	5	review	review	NOUN
cblr-10943	14	6	[	[	X
cblr-10943	14	7	vol	vol	NOUN
cblr-10943	14	8	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	14	9	2022	2022	NUM
cblr-10943	14	10	b.	b.	PROPN
cblr-10943	14	11	objective	objective	ADJ
cblr-10943	14	12	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	14	13	standard	standard	NOUN
cblr-10943	14	14	—	—	PUNCT
cblr-10943	14	15	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	14	16	last	last	ADJ
cblr-10943	14	17	resort	resort	NOUN
cblr-10943	14	18	.......	.......	PUNCT
cblr-10943	14	19	1017	1017	NUM
cblr-10943	14	20	c.	c.	NOUN
cblr-10943	14	21	restoring	restore	VERB
cblr-10943	14	22	pre-1986	pre-1986	NOUN
cblr-10943	14	23	burdens	burden	NOUN
cblr-10943	14	24	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	14	25	proof	proof	NOUN
cblr-10943	14	26	—	—	PUNCT
cblr-10943	14	27	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	14	28	secondbest	secondb	ADJ
cblr-10943	14	29	approach	approach	NOUN
cblr-10943	14	30	....................................................	....................................................	PUNCT
cblr-10943	14	31	1018	1018	NUM
cblr-10943	14	32	d.	d.	NOUN
cblr-10943	14	33	raising	raise	VERB
cblr-10943	14	34	scienter	scienter	NOUN
cblr-10943	14	35	particularity	particularity	NOUN
cblr-10943	14	36	—	—	PUNCT
cblr-10943	14	37	an	an	DET
cblr-10943	14	38	optimal	optimal	ADJ
cblr-10943	14	39	approach	approach	NOUN
cblr-10943	14	40	.............................................................	.............................................................	PUNCT
cblr-10943	14	41	1020	1020	NUM
cblr-10943	15	1	v.	v.	ADP
cblr-10943	15	2	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
cblr-10943	15	3	......................................................................	......................................................................	PUNCT
cblr-10943	15	4	1024	1024	NUM
cblr-10943	15	5	i.	i.	NOUN
cblr-10943	15	6	introduction	introduction	NOUN
cblr-10943	15	7	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	15	8	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	15	9	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	15	10	act	act	VERB
cblr-10943	15	11	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	15	12	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	15	13	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	15	14	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	15	15	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	15	16	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	15	17	an	an	DET
cblr-10943	15	18	instrumental	instrumental	ADJ
cblr-10943	15	19	piece	piece	NOUN
cblr-10943	15	20	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	15	21	legislation	legislation	NOUN
cblr-10943	15	22	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	15	23	allows	allow	VERB
cblr-10943	15	24	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	15	25	federal	federal	ADJ
cblr-10943	15	26	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	15	27	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	15	28	combat	combat	VERB
cblr-10943	15	29	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	15	30	resulting	result	VERB
cblr-10943	15	31	from	from	ADP
cblr-10943	15	32	its	its	PRON
cblr-10943	15	33	engagements	engagement	NOUN
cblr-10943	15	34	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	15	35	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	15	36	private	private	ADJ
cblr-10943	15	37	sector	sector	NOUN
cblr-10943	15	38	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	16	1	federal	federal	ADJ
cblr-10943	16	2	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	16	3	spending	spending	NOUN
cblr-10943	16	4	spans	span	NOUN
cblr-10943	16	5	across	across	ADP
cblr-10943	16	6	nearly	nearly	ADV
cblr-10943	16	7	every	every	PRON
cblr-10943	16	8	field	field	NOUN
cblr-10943	16	9	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	16	10	industry	industry	NOUN
cblr-10943	16	11	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	16	12	such	such	ADJ
cblr-10943	16	13	as	as	ADP
cblr-10943	16	14	military	military	ADJ
cblr-10943	16	15	contracting	contracting	NOUN
cblr-10943	16	16	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	16	17	scientific	scientific	ADJ
cblr-10943	16	18	research	research	NOUN
cblr-10943	16	19	grants	grant	NOUN
cblr-10943	16	20	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	16	21	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ
cblr-10943	16	22	subsidies	subsidy	NOUN
cblr-10943	16	23	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	16	24	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	16	25	medicare	medicare	PROPN
cblr-10943	16	26	/	/	SYM
cblr-10943	16	27	medicaid	medicaid	PROPN
cblr-10943	16	28	funding.1	funding.1	PROPN
cblr-10943	16	29	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	16	30	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	16	31	allows	allow	VERB
cblr-10943	16	32	either	either	CCONJ
cblr-10943	16	33	individual	individual	ADJ
cblr-10943	16	34	informants	informant	NOUN
cblr-10943	16	35	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	16	36	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	16	37	federal	federal	ADJ
cblr-10943	16	38	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	16	39	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	16	40	bring	bring	VERB
cblr-10943	16	41	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	16	42	against	against	ADP
cblr-10943	16	43	potentially	potentially	ADV
cblr-10943	16	44	fraudulent	fraudulent	ADJ
cblr-10943	16	45	parties	party	NOUN
cblr-10943	16	46	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	16	47	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	16	48	enforce	enforce	VERB
cblr-10943	16	49	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	16	50	statutory	statutory	ADJ
cblr-10943	16	51	penalty	penalty	NOUN
cblr-10943	16	52	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	16	53	treble	treble	ADJ
cblr-10943	16	54	damages.2	damages.2	NOUN
cblr-10943	16	55	accordingly	accordingly	ADV
cblr-10943	16	56	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	16	57	any	any	DET
cblr-10943	16	58	significant	significant	ADJ
cblr-10943	16	59	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN
cblr-10943	16	60	regarding	regard	VERB
cblr-10943	16	61	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	16	62	party	party	NOUN
cblr-10943	16	63	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	16	64	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	16	65	liability	liability	NOUN
cblr-10943	16	66	has	have	VERB
cblr-10943	16	67	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	16	68	potential	potential	NOUN
cblr-10943	16	69	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	16	70	complicate	complicate	VERB
cblr-10943	16	71	billions	billion	NOUN
cblr-10943	16	72	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	16	73	dollars	dollar	NOUN
cblr-10943	16	74	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	16	75	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	16	76	spending	spending	NOUN
cblr-10943	16	77	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	16	78	contracting	contracting	NOUN
cblr-10943	16	79	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	17	1	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	17	2	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	17	3	current	current	ADJ
cblr-10943	17	4	context	context	NOUN
cblr-10943	17	5	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	17	6	considerable	considerable	ADJ
cblr-10943	17	7	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
cblr-10943	17	8	relief	relief	NOUN
cblr-10943	17	9	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	17	10	stimulus	stimulus	NOUN
cblr-10943	17	11	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	17	12	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	17	13	pending	pende	VERB
cblr-10943	17	14	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN
cblr-10943	17	15	spending	spending	NOUN
cblr-10943	17	16	bills	bill	NOUN
cblr-10943	17	17	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	17	18	such	such	ADJ
cblr-10943	17	19	uncertainties	uncertainty	NOUN
cblr-10943	17	20	can	can	AUX
cblr-10943	17	21	ultimately	ultimately	ADV
cblr-10943	17	22	lead	lead	VERB
cblr-10943	17	23	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	17	24	confusion	confusion	NOUN
cblr-10943	17	25	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	17	26	hesitancy	hesitancy	NOUN
cblr-10943	17	27	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	17	28	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	17	29	increased	increase	VERB
cblr-10943	17	30	costs	cost	NOUN
cblr-10943	17	31	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	17	32	doing	do	VERB
cblr-10943	17	33	business	business	NOUN
cblr-10943	17	34	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	17	35	parties	party	NOUN
cblr-10943	17	36	seeking	seek	VERB
cblr-10943	17	37	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	17	38	funds.3	funds.3	NOUN
cblr-10943	17	39	one	one	NUM
cblr-10943	17	40	such	such	ADJ
cblr-10943	17	41	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN
cblr-10943	17	42	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	17	43	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	17	44	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	17	45	split	split	NOUN
cblr-10943	17	46	regarding	regard	VERB
cblr-10943	17	47	whether	whether	SCONJ
cblr-10943	17	48	expert	expert	ADJ
cblr-10943	17	49	testimony	testimony	NOUN
cblr-10943	17	50	can	can	AUX
cblr-10943	17	51	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	17	52	allowed	allow	VERB
cblr-10943	17	53	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	17	54	satisfy	satisfy	VERB
cblr-10943	17	55	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	17	56	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	17	57	element	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	17	58	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	17	59	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	17	60	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	17	61	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	18	1	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	18	2	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	18	3	one	one	NUM
cblr-10943	18	4	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	18	5	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	18	6	four	four	NUM
cblr-10943	18	7	elements	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	18	8	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	18	9	must	must	AUX
cblr-10943	18	10	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	18	11	proven	prove	VERB
cblr-10943	18	12	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	18	13	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	18	14	successful	successful	ADJ
cblr-10943	18	15	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	18	16	claim	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	18	17	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	18	18	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	18	19	1	1	NUM
cblr-10943	18	20	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	18	21	snapshot	snapshot	NOUN
cblr-10943	18	22	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	18	23	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	18	24	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	18	25	wide	wide	ADJ
cblr-10943	18	26	contracting	contracting	NOUN
cblr-10943	18	27	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	18	28	fy	fy	PROPN
cblr-10943	18	29	2020	2020	NUM
cblr-10943	18	30	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	18	31	infographic	infographic	ADJ
cblr-10943	18	32	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	18	33	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	18	34	u.s	u.s	PROPN
cblr-10943	18	35	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	18	36	gov’t	gov’t	NOUN
cblr-10943	18	37	accountability	accountability	NOUN
cblr-10943	18	38	off	off	ADP
cblr-10943	18	39	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	18	40	:	:	PUNCT
cblr-10943	19	1	watchblog	watchblog	PROPN
cblr-10943	19	2	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	19	3	june	june	PROPN
cblr-10943	19	4	21	21	NUM
cblr-10943	19	5	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	19	6	2022	2022	NUM
cblr-10943	19	7	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	19	8	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	19	9	https://www.gao.gov/blog/snapshot-government-wide-contracting-fy2020-infographic	https://www.gao.gov/blog/snapshot-government-wide-contracting-fy2020-infographic	PROPN
cblr-10943	19	10	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	19	11	[	[	X
cblr-10943	19	12	https://perma.cc/ur7h-jlqe	https://perma.cc/ur7h-jlqe	X
cblr-10943	19	13	]	]	X
cblr-10943	19	14	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	20	1	2	2	NUM
cblr-10943	20	2	31	31	NUM
cblr-10943	20	3	u.s.c	u.s.c	NOUN
cblr-10943	20	4	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	21	1	§	§	PROPN
cblr-10943	21	2	3729(a	3729(a	NUM
cblr-10943	21	3	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	21	4	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	22	1	3	3	NUM
cblr-10943	22	2	gavin	gavin	PROPN
cblr-10943	22	3	a.	a.	PROPN
cblr-10943	22	4	bell	bell	PROPN
cblr-10943	22	5	&	&	CCONJ
cblr-10943	22	6	w.	w.	PROPN
cblr-10943	22	7	stacy	stacy	PROPN
cblr-10943	22	8	miller	miller	PROPN
cblr-10943	22	9	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	22	10	ii	ii	PROPN
cblr-10943	22	11	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	22	12	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	22	13	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	22	14	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	22	15	pandemic	pandemic	NOUN
cblr-10943	22	16	:	:	PUNCT
cblr-10943	22	17	how	how	SCONJ
cblr-10943	22	18	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
cblr-10943	22	19	affects	affect	VERB
cblr-10943	22	20	qui	qui	X
cblr-10943	22	21	tam	tam	X
cblr-10943	22	22	whistleblowers	whistleblower	NOUN
cblr-10943	22	23	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	22	24	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	22	25	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	22	26	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	22	27	act	act	PROPN
cblr-10943	22	28	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	22	29	43	43	NUM
cblr-10943	22	30	campbell	campbell	PROPN
cblr-10943	22	31	l.	l.	PROPN
cblr-10943	22	32	rev	rev	PROPN
cblr-10943	22	33	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	22	34	273	273	NUM
cblr-10943	22	35	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	22	36	298–305	298–305	NUM
cblr-10943	22	37	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	22	38	2021	2021	NUM
cblr-10943	22	39	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	22	40	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	22	41	describing	describe	VERB
cblr-10943	22	42	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	22	43	potential	potential	ADJ
cblr-10943	22	44	qui	qui	X
cblr-10943	22	45	tam	tam	X
cblr-10943	22	46	ramifications	ramification	NOUN
cblr-10943	22	47	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	22	48	ppp	ppp	NOUN
cblr-10943	22	49	loans	loan	NOUN
cblr-10943	22	50	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	22	51	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	23	1	no	no	INTJ
cblr-10943	23	2	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	24	1	2:993	2:993	NUM
cblr-10943	24	2	]	]	PUNCT
cblr-10943	24	3	reconsidering	reconsider	VERB
cblr-10943	24	4	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	24	5	role	role	NOUN
cblr-10943	24	6	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	24	7	expert	expert	ADJ
cblr-10943	24	8	discretion	discretion	NOUN
cblr-10943	24	9	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	24	10	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	24	11	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	24	12	995	995	NUM
cblr-10943	24	13	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	24	14	other	other	ADJ
cblr-10943	24	15	elements	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	24	16	being	be	AUX
cblr-10943	24	17	scienter	scienter	NOUN
cblr-10943	24	18	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	24	19	materiality	materiality	NOUN
cblr-10943	24	20	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	24	21	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	24	22	causation.4	causation.4	NOUN
cblr-10943	24	23	while	while	SCONJ
cblr-10943	24	24	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	24	25	appellate	appellate	ADJ
cblr-10943	24	26	cases	case	NOUN
cblr-10943	24	27	regarding	regard	VERB
cblr-10943	24	28	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	24	29	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	24	30	split	split	VERB
cblr-10943	24	31	address	address	NOUN
cblr-10943	24	32	expert	expert	NOUN
cblr-10943	24	33	testimony	testimony	NOUN
cblr-10943	24	34	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	24	35	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	24	36	medical	medical	ADJ
cblr-10943	24	37	context,5	context,5	NOUN
cblr-10943	24	38	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	24	39	intersection	intersection	NOUN
cblr-10943	24	40	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	24	41	expert	expert	ADJ
cblr-10943	24	42	judgment	judgment	NOUN
cblr-10943	24	43	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	24	44	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	24	45	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	24	46	standard	standard	NOUN
cblr-10943	24	47	could	could	AUX
cblr-10943	24	48	easily	easily	ADV
cblr-10943	24	49	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	24	50	applied	apply	VERB
cblr-10943	24	51	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	24	52	any	any	DET
cblr-10943	24	53	other	other	ADJ
cblr-10943	24	54	private	private	ADJ
cblr-10943	24	55	business	business	NOUN
cblr-10943	24	56	where	where	SCONJ
cblr-10943	24	57	expert	expert	ADJ
cblr-10943	24	58	discretion	discretion	NOUN
cblr-10943	24	59	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	24	60	required	require	VERB
cblr-10943	24	61	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	24	62	certify	certify	VERB
cblr-10943	24	63	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	24	64	claim	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	24	65	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	24	66	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	24	67	compensation	compensation	NOUN
cblr-10943	24	68	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	25	1	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	25	2	note	note	NOUN
cblr-10943	25	3	argues	argue	VERB
cblr-10943	25	4	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	25	5	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	25	6	current	current	ADJ
cblr-10943	25	7	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	25	8	split	split	VERB
cblr-10943	25	9	regarding	regard	VERB
cblr-10943	25	10	whether	whether	SCONJ
cblr-10943	25	11	expert	expert	ADJ
cblr-10943	25	12	judgment	judgment	NOUN
cblr-10943	25	13	can	can	AUX
cblr-10943	25	14	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	25	15	used	use	VERB
cblr-10943	25	16	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	25	17	prove	prove	VERB
cblr-10943	25	18	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	25	19	element	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	25	20	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	25	21	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	25	22	should	should	AUX
cblr-10943	25	23	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	25	24	resolved	resolve	VERB
cblr-10943	25	25	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	25	26	incorporate	incorporate	VERB
cblr-10943	25	27	elements	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	25	28	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	25	29	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	25	30	various	various	ADJ
cblr-10943	25	31	circuits	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	25	32	’	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	25	33	approaches	approach	NOUN
cblr-10943	25	34	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	25	35	order	order	NOUN
cblr-10943	25	36	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	25	37	protect	protect	VERB
cblr-10943	25	38	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	25	39	validity	validity	NOUN
cblr-10943	25	40	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	25	41	expert	expert	ADJ
cblr-10943	25	42	discretion	discretion	NOUN
cblr-10943	25	43	while	while	SCONJ
cblr-10943	25	44	maintaining	maintain	VERB
cblr-10943	25	45	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	25	46	existing	exist	VERB
cblr-10943	25	47	distinctions	distinction	NOUN
cblr-10943	25	48	between	between	ADP
cblr-10943	25	49	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	25	50	elements	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	25	51	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	25	52	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	25	53	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	25	54	scienter	scienter	NOUN
cblr-10943	25	55	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	26	1	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	26	2	careful	careful	ADJ
cblr-10943	26	3	balance	balance	NOUN
cblr-10943	26	4	must	must	AUX
cblr-10943	26	5	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	26	6	sought	seek	VERB
cblr-10943	26	7	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	26	8	resolving	resolve	VERB
cblr-10943	26	9	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	26	10	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	26	11	split	split	NOUN
cblr-10943	26	12	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	26	13	an	an	DET
cblr-10943	26	14	excessively	excessively	ADV
cblr-10943	26	15	loose	loose	ADJ
cblr-10943	26	16	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	26	17	standard	standard	NOUN
cblr-10943	26	18	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	26	19	uncertain	uncertain	ADJ
cblr-10943	26	20	overlap	overlap	NOUN
cblr-10943	26	21	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	26	22	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	26	23	scienter	scienter	NOUN
cblr-10943	26	24	element	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	26	25	would	would	AUX
cblr-10943	26	26	invite	invite	VERB
cblr-10943	26	27	frivolous	frivolous	ADJ
cblr-10943	26	28	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	26	29	opportunistic	opportunistic	ADJ
cblr-10943	26	30	litigation	litigation	NOUN
cblr-10943	26	31	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	26	32	while	while	SCONJ
cblr-10943	26	33	an	an	DET
cblr-10943	26	34	overly	overly	ADV
cblr-10943	26	35	protective	protective	ADJ
cblr-10943	26	36	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	26	37	standard	standard	NOUN
cblr-10943	26	38	could	could	AUX
cblr-10943	26	39	shield	shield	VERB
cblr-10943	26	40	numerous	numerous	ADJ
cblr-10943	26	41	valid	valid	ADJ
cblr-10943	26	42	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	26	43	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	26	44	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	26	45	from	from	ADP
cblr-10943	26	46	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	26	47	liability	liability	NOUN
cblr-10943	26	48	through	through	ADP
cblr-10943	26	49	contested	contest	VERB
cblr-10943	26	50	expert	expert	NOUN
cblr-10943	26	51	testimony	testimony	NOUN
cblr-10943	26	52	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	27	1	accordingly	accordingly	ADV
cblr-10943	27	2	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	27	3	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	27	4	note	note	NOUN
cblr-10943	27	5	proposes	propose	VERB
cblr-10943	27	6	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	27	7	hybrid	hybrid	ADJ
cblr-10943	27	8	solution	solution	NOUN
cblr-10943	27	9	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	27	10	would	would	AUX
cblr-10943	27	11	find	find	VERB
cblr-10943	27	12	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	27	13	balance	balance	NOUN
cblr-10943	27	14	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	27	15	interests	interest	NOUN
cblr-10943	27	16	between	between	ADP
cblr-10943	27	17	private	private	ADJ
cblr-10943	27	18	businesses	business	NOUN
cblr-10943	27	19	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	27	20	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	27	21	their	their	PRON
cblr-10943	27	22	respective	respective	ADJ
cblr-10943	27	23	experts	expert	NOUN
cblr-10943	27	24	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	27	25	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	27	26	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	27	27	federal	federal	ADJ
cblr-10943	27	28	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	27	29	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	28	1	ii	ii	PROPN
cblr-10943	28	2	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	29	1	overview	overview	NOUN
cblr-10943	29	2	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	29	3	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	29	4	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	29	5	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	29	6	act	act	VERB
cblr-10943	29	7	a.	a.	NOUN
cblr-10943	29	8	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	29	9	historical	historical	ADJ
cblr-10943	29	10	development	development	NOUN
cblr-10943	29	11	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	29	12	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	29	13	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	29	14	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	29	15	act	act	VERB
cblr-10943	29	16	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	29	17	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	29	18	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	29	19	act	act	NOUN
cblr-10943	29	20	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	29	21	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	29	22	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	29	23	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	29	24	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	29	25	was	be	AUX
cblr-10943	29	26	first	first	ADV
cblr-10943	29	27	enacted	enact	VERB
cblr-10943	29	28	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	29	29	1863	1863	NUM
cblr-10943	29	30	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	29	31	combat	combat	VERB
cblr-10943	29	32	rampant	rampant	ADJ
cblr-10943	29	33	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	29	34	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	29	35	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	29	36	contracting	contracting	NOUN
cblr-10943	29	37	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	29	38	military	military	ADJ
cblr-10943	29	39	4	4	NUM
cblr-10943	29	40	31	31	NUM
cblr-10943	29	41	u.s.c	u.s.c	NOUN
cblr-10943	29	42	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	30	1	§	§	PROPN
cblr-10943	30	2	3729(a)(1	3729(a)(1	NUM
cblr-10943	30	3	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	30	4	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	31	1	5	5	NUM
cblr-10943	31	2	see	see	VERB
cblr-10943	31	3	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	31	4	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	31	5	v.	v.	ADP
cblr-10943	31	6	care	care	NOUN
cblr-10943	31	7	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
cblr-10943	31	8	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	31	9	952	952	NUM
cblr-10943	31	10	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cblr-10943	31	11	89	89	NUM
cblr-10943	31	12	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	31	13	91	91	NUM
cblr-10943	31	14	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	31	15	3d	3d	NUM
cblr-10943	31	16	cir	cir	NOUN
cblr-10943	31	17	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	31	18	2020	2020	NUM
cblr-10943	31	19	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	32	1	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	32	2	concerning	concern	VERB
cblr-10943	32	3	improper	improper	ADJ
cblr-10943	32	4	hospice	hospice	NOUN
cblr-10943	32	5	care	care	NOUN
cblr-10943	32	6	reimbursement	reimbursement	NOUN
cblr-10943	32	7	requests	request	NOUN
cblr-10943	32	8	submitted	submit	VERB
cblr-10943	32	9	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	32	10	medicare	medicare	PROPN
cblr-10943	32	11	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	32	12	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	32	13	winter	winter	NOUN
cblr-10943	32	14	ex	ex	X
cblr-10943	32	15	rel	rel	PROPN
cblr-10943	32	16	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	33	1	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	33	2	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	33	3	v.	v.	PROPN
cblr-10943	33	4	gardens	gardens	PROPN
cblr-10943	33	5	reg’l	reg’l	NUM
cblr-10943	33	6	hosp	hosp	PROPN
cblr-10943	33	7	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	33	8	&	&	CCONJ
cblr-10943	33	9	med	med	PROPN
cblr-10943	33	10	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	33	11	ctr	ctr	PROPN
cblr-10943	33	12	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	33	13	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	33	14	inc	inc	PROPN
cblr-10943	33	15	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	33	16	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	33	17	953	953	NUM
cblr-10943	33	18	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cblr-10943	33	19	1108	1108	NUM
cblr-10943	33	20	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	33	21	1118	1118	NUM
cblr-10943	33	22	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	33	23	9th	9th	ADJ
cblr-10943	33	24	cir	cir	NOUN
cblr-10943	33	25	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	33	26	2020	2020	NUM
cblr-10943	33	27	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	33	28	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	33	29	concerning	concern	VERB
cblr-10943	33	30	excessive	excessive	ADJ
cblr-10943	33	31	inpatient	inpatient	NOUN
cblr-10943	33	32	treatment	treatment	NOUN
cblr-10943	33	33	reimbursement	reimbursement	NOUN
cblr-10943	33	34	requests	request	NOUN
cblr-10943	33	35	submitted	submit	VERB
cblr-10943	33	36	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	33	37	medicare	medicare	PROPN
cblr-10943	33	38	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	33	39	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	33	40	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	33	41	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	33	42	v.	v.	ADP
cblr-10943	33	43	aseracare	aseracare	PROPN
cblr-10943	33	44	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	33	45	inc	inc	PROPN
cblr-10943	33	46	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	33	47	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	33	48	938	938	NUM
cblr-10943	33	49	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cblr-10943	33	50	1278	1278	NUM
cblr-10943	33	51	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	33	52	1278	1278	NUM
cblr-10943	33	53	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	33	54	11th	11th	ADJ
cblr-10943	33	55	cir	cir	NOUN
cblr-10943	33	56	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	33	57	2019	2019	NUM
cblr-10943	33	58	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	33	59	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	33	60	concerning	concern	VERB
cblr-10943	33	61	improper	improper	ADJ
cblr-10943	33	62	hospice	hospice	NOUN
cblr-10943	33	63	care	care	NOUN
cblr-10943	33	64	reimbursements	reimbursement	NOUN
cblr-10943	33	65	request	request	NOUN
cblr-10943	33	66	submitted	submit	VERB
cblr-10943	33	67	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	33	68	medicare	medicare	PROPN
cblr-10943	33	69	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	33	70	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	34	1	996	996	NUM
cblr-10943	34	2	columbia	columbia	PROPN
cblr-10943	34	3	business	business	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	4	law	law	PROPN
cblr-10943	34	5	review	review	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	6	[	[	X
cblr-10943	34	7	vol	vol	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	8	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	34	9	2022	2022	NUM
cblr-10943	34	10	supplies	supply	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	11	during	during	ADP
cblr-10943	34	12	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	34	13	civil	civil	ADJ
cblr-10943	34	14	war.6	war.6	PROPN
cblr-10943	34	15	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	34	16	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	34	17	authorized	authorize	VERB
cblr-10943	34	18	selfinterested	selfintereste	VERB
cblr-10943	34	19	litigants	litigant	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	20	who	who	PRON
cblr-10943	34	21	bring	bring	VERB
cblr-10943	34	22	cases	case	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	23	on	on	ADP
cblr-10943	34	24	behalf	behalf	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	25	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	34	26	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	34	27	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	28	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	34	29	referred	refer	VERB
cblr-10943	34	30	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	34	31	as	as	ADP
cblr-10943	34	32	relators	relator	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	33	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	34	34	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	34	35	reveal	reveal	VERB
cblr-10943	34	36	instances	instance	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	37	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	34	38	fraudulent	fraudulent	ADJ
cblr-10943	34	39	requests	request	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	40	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	34	41	payment	payment	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	42	against	against	ADP
cblr-10943	34	43	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	34	44	federal	federal	ADJ
cblr-10943	34	45	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	46	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	34	47	exchange	exchange	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	48	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	34	49	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	34	50	portion	portion	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	51	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	34	52	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	34	53	funds	fund	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	54	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	34	55	were	be	AUX
cblr-10943	34	56	ultimately	ultimately	ADV
cblr-10943	34	57	recovered.7	recovered.7	VERB
cblr-10943	34	58	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	34	59	initial	initial	ADJ
cblr-10943	34	60	version	version	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	61	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	34	62	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	34	63	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	34	64	provided	provide	VERB
cblr-10943	34	65	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	34	66	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	34	67	recovery	recovery	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	68	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	34	69	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	34	70	fixed	fix	VERB
cblr-10943	34	71	amount	amount	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	72	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	34	73	double	double	ADJ
cblr-10943	34	74	damages	damage	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	75	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	34	76	while	while	SCONJ
cblr-10943	34	77	also	also	ADV
cblr-10943	34	78	allowing	allow	VERB
cblr-10943	34	79	successful	successful	ADJ
cblr-10943	34	80	relators	relator	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	81	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	34	82	collect	collect	VERB
cblr-10943	34	83	half	half	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	84	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	34	85	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	34	86	funds	fund	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	87	recovered.8	recovered.8	VERB
cblr-10943	34	88	however	however	ADV
cblr-10943	34	89	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	34	90	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	34	91	1943	1943	NUM
cblr-10943	34	92	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	34	93	congress	congress	PROPN
cblr-10943	34	94	amended	amend	VERB
cblr-10943	34	95	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	34	96	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	34	97	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	34	98	significantly	significantly	ADV
cblr-10943	34	99	restrict	restrict	VERB
cblr-10943	34	100	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	34	101	statute	statute	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	102	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	34	103	use	use	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	104	due	due	ADP
cblr-10943	34	105	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	34	106	abuse	abuse	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	107	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	34	108	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	34	109	loose	loose	ADJ
cblr-10943	34	110	qui	qui	X
cblr-10943	34	111	tam	tam	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	112	provisions	provision	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	113	by	by	ADP
cblr-10943	34	114	opportunistic	opportunistic	ADJ
cblr-10943	34	115	relators	relator	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	116	during	during	ADP
cblr-10943	34	117	world	world	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	118	war	war	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	119	ii.9	ii.9	VERB
cblr-10943	34	120	these	these	DET
cblr-10943	34	121	restrictions	restriction	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	122	reduced	reduce	VERB
cblr-10943	34	123	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	34	124	maximum	maximum	ADJ
cblr-10943	34	125	percentage	percentage	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	126	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	34	127	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	34	128	sum	sum	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	129	recoverable	recoverable	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	130	by	by	ADP
cblr-10943	34	131	successful	successful	ADJ
cblr-10943	34	132	relators	relator	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	133	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	34	134	introduced	introduce	VERB
cblr-10943	34	135	critical	critical	ADJ
cblr-10943	34	136	elements	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	137	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	34	138	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	34	139	qui	qui	X
cblr-10943	34	140	tam	tam	X
cblr-10943	34	141	provision	provision	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	142	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	34	143	its	its	PRON
cblr-10943	34	144	current	current	ADJ
cblr-10943	34	145	form	form	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	146	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	34	147	such	such	ADJ
cblr-10943	34	148	as	as	ADP
cblr-10943	34	149	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	34	150	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	151	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	34	152	discretionary	discretionary	ADJ
cblr-10943	34	153	ability	ability	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	154	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	34	155	intervene	intervene	VERB
cblr-10943	34	156	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	34	157	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	34	158	qui	qui	X
cblr-10943	34	159	tam	tam	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	160	action	action	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	161	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	34	162	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	34	163	requirement	requirement	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	164	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	34	165	relators	relator	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	166	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	34	167	bring	bring	VERB
cblr-10943	34	168	novel	novel	ADJ
cblr-10943	34	169	evidence	evidence	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	170	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	34	171	already	already	ADV
cblr-10943	34	172	possessed	possess	VERB
cblr-10943	34	173	by	by	ADP
cblr-10943	34	174	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	34	175	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	176	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	34	177	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	34	178	public	public	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	179	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	34	180	referred	refer	VERB
cblr-10943	34	181	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	34	182	as	as	ADP
cblr-10943	34	183	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	34	184	public	public	ADJ
cblr-10943	34	185	disclosure	disclosure	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	186	bar).10	bar).10	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	187	these	these	DET
cblr-10943	34	188	lasting	last	VERB
cblr-10943	34	189	changes	change	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	190	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	34	191	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	34	192	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	34	193	led	lead	VERB
cblr-10943	34	194	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	34	195	significant	significant	ADJ
cblr-10943	34	196	underutilization	underutilization	NOUN
cblr-10943	34	197	6	6	NUM
cblr-10943	34	198	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	34	199	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	34	200	ex	ex	PROPN
cblr-10943	34	201	rel	rel	PROPN
cblr-10943	34	202	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	35	1	newsham	newsham	PROPN
cblr-10943	35	2	v.	v.	ADP
cblr-10943	35	3	lockheed	lockheed	PROPN
cblr-10943	35	4	missiles	missiles	PROPN
cblr-10943	35	5	&	&	CCONJ
cblr-10943	35	6	space	space	PROPN
cblr-10943	35	7	co.	co.	PROPN
cblr-10943	35	8	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	35	9	722	722	NUM
cblr-10943	35	10	f.	f.	PROPN
cblr-10943	35	11	supp	supp	PROPN
cblr-10943	35	12	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	36	1	607	607	NUM
cblr-10943	36	2	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	36	3	609	609	NUM
cblr-10943	36	4	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	36	5	n.d	n.d	PROPN
cblr-10943	36	6	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	36	7	cal	cal	PROPN
cblr-10943	36	8	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	36	9	1989	1989	NUM
cblr-10943	36	10	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	36	11	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	36	12	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	36	13	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	36	14	civil	civil	ADJ
cblr-10943	36	15	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	36	16	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	36	17	act	act	NOUN
cblr-10943	36	18	was	be	AUX
cblr-10943	36	19	born	bear	VERB
cblr-10943	36	20	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	36	21	1863	1863	NUM
cblr-10943	36	22	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	36	23	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	36	24	nation	nation	NOUN
cblr-10943	36	25	engulfed	engulf	VERB
cblr-10943	36	26	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	36	27	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	36	28	civil	civil	ADJ
cblr-10943	36	29	war	war	NOUN
cblr-10943	36	30	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	37	1	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	37	2	war	war	PROPN
cblr-10943	37	3	department	department	PROPN
cblr-10943	37	4	found	find	VERB
cblr-10943	37	5	itself	itself	PRON
cblr-10943	37	6	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	37	7	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	37	8	hands	hand	NOUN
cblr-10943	37	9	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	37	10	unscrupulous	unscrupulous	ADJ
cblr-10943	37	11	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	37	12	corrupt	corrupt	ADJ
cblr-10943	37	13	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	37	14	contractors	contractor	NOUN
cblr-10943	37	15	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	38	1	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	38	2	abuses	abuse	NOUN
cblr-10943	38	3	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	38	4	damage	damage	NOUN
cblr-10943	38	5	done	do	VERB
cblr-10943	38	6	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	38	7	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	38	8	federal	federal	ADJ
cblr-10943	38	9	treasury	treasury	PROPN
cblr-10943	38	10	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	38	11	war	war	NOUN
cblr-10943	38	12	effort	effort	NOUN
cblr-10943	38	13	was	be	AUX
cblr-10943	38	14	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	38	15	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	38	16	defense	defense	NOUN
cblr-10943	38	17	contractors	contractor	NOUN
cblr-10943	38	18	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	38	19	an	an	DET
cblr-10943	38	20	opportunity	opportunity	NOUN
cblr-10943	38	21	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	38	22	windfall	windfall	NOUN
cblr-10943	38	23	profit	profit	NOUN
cblr-10943	38	24	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	39	1	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	39	2	contractors	contractor	NOUN
cblr-10943	39	3	were	be	AUX
cblr-10943	39	4	fast	fast	ADV
cblr-10943	39	5	becoming	become	VERB
cblr-10943	39	6	‘	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	39	7	proverbially	proverbially	ADV
cblr-10943	39	8	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	39	9	notoriously	notoriously	ADV
cblr-10943	39	10	rich	rich	ADJ
cblr-10943	39	11	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	39	12	’	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	39	13	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	40	1	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	40	2	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	41	1	based	base	VERB
cblr-10943	41	2	on	on	ADP
cblr-10943	41	3	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	41	4	record	record	NOUN
cblr-10943	41	5	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	41	6	widespread	widespread	ADJ
cblr-10943	41	7	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	41	8	by	by	ADP
cblr-10943	41	9	contractors	contractor	NOUN
cblr-10943	41	10	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	41	11	congress	congress	PROPN
cblr-10943	41	12	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	41	13	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	41	14	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	41	15	urging	urging	NOUN
cblr-10943	41	16	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	41	17	president	president	PROPN
cblr-10943	41	18	lincoln	lincoln	PROPN
cblr-10943	41	19	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	41	20	enacted	enact	VERB
cblr-10943	41	21	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	41	22	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	41	23	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	41	24	act	act	NOUN
cblr-10943	41	25	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	41	26	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	41	27	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	41	28	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	41	29	internal	internal	ADJ
cblr-10943	41	30	citation	citation	NOUN
cblr-10943	41	31	omitted	omit	VERB
cblr-10943	41	32	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	41	33	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	42	1	7	7	NUM
cblr-10943	42	2	david	david	PROPN
cblr-10943	42	3	s.	s.	PROPN
cblr-10943	42	4	mitchell	mitchell	PROPN
cblr-10943	42	5	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	42	6	jr	jr	PROPN
cblr-10943	42	7	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	42	8	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	42	9	an	an	DET
cblr-10943	42	10	introduction	introduction	NOUN
cblr-10943	42	11	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	42	12	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	42	13	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	42	14	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	42	15	act	act	NOUN
cblr-10943	42	16	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	42	17	51	51	NUM
cblr-10943	42	18	ark	ark	NOUN
cblr-10943	42	19	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	43	1	law	law	NOUN
cblr-10943	43	2	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	44	1	26	26	NUM
cblr-10943	44	2	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	44	3	27	27	NUM
cblr-10943	44	4	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	44	5	summer	summer	NOUN
cblr-10943	44	6	2016	2016	NUM
cblr-10943	44	7	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	44	8	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	45	1	8	8	NUM
cblr-10943	45	2	j.	j.	PROPN
cblr-10943	45	3	randy	randy	PROPN
cblr-10943	45	4	beck	beck	PROPN
cblr-10943	45	5	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	45	6	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	45	7	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	45	8	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	45	9	act	act	VERB
cblr-10943	45	10	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	45	11	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	45	12	english	english	ADJ
cblr-10943	45	13	eradication	eradication	NOUN
cblr-10943	45	14	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	45	15	qui	qui	X
cblr-10943	45	16	tam	tam	NOUN
cblr-10943	45	17	legislation	legislation	NOUN
cblr-10943	45	18	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	45	19	78	78	NUM
cblr-10943	45	20	n.c	n.c	PROPN
cblr-10943	45	21	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	45	22	l.	l.	PROPN
cblr-10943	45	23	rev	rev	PROPN
cblr-10943	45	24	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	45	25	539	539	NUM
cblr-10943	45	26	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	45	27	555–56	555–56	NUM
cblr-10943	45	28	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	45	29	2000	2000	NUM
cblr-10943	45	30	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	45	31	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	45	32	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	45	33	individuals	individual	NOUN
cblr-10943	45	34	could	could	AUX
cblr-10943	45	35	pursue	pursue	VERB
cblr-10943	45	36	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	45	37	remedy	remedy	NOUN
cblr-10943	45	38	through	through	ADP
cblr-10943	45	39	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	45	40	qui	qui	X
cblr-10943	45	41	tam	tam	NOUN
cblr-10943	45	42	action	action	NOUN
cblr-10943	45	43	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	45	44	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	45	45	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	45	46	informer	informer	NOUN
cblr-10943	45	47	was	be	AUX
cblr-10943	45	48	entitled	entitle	VERB
cblr-10943	45	49	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	45	50	half	half	DET
cblr-10943	45	51	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	45	52	total	total	ADJ
cblr-10943	45	53	recovery	recovery	NOUN
cblr-10943	45	54	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	45	55	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	45	56	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	45	57	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	46	1	9	9	NUM
cblr-10943	46	2	i	i	PRON
cblr-10943	46	3	d.	d.	PROPN
cblr-10943	46	4	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	46	5	556	556	NUM
cblr-10943	46	6	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	46	7	10	10	NUM
cblr-10943	47	1	i	i	PRON
cblr-10943	47	2	d.	d.	NOUN
cblr-10943	47	3	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	47	4	560–61	560–61	NUM
cblr-10943	47	5	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	47	6	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	47	7	moreover	moreover	ADV
cblr-10943	47	8	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	47	9	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	47	10	legislation	legislation	NOUN
cblr-10943	47	11	deprived	deprive	VERB
cblr-10943	47	12	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	47	13	courts	court	NOUN
cblr-10943	47	14	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	47	15	jurisdiction	jurisdiction	NOUN
cblr-10943	47	16	over	over	ADP
cblr-10943	47	17	any	any	DET
cblr-10943	47	18	qui	qui	X
cblr-10943	47	19	tam	tam	NOUN
cblr-10943	47	20	action	action	NOUN
cblr-10943	47	21	based	base	VERB
cblr-10943	47	22	upon	upon	SCONJ
cblr-10943	47	23	information	information	NOUN
cblr-10943	47	24	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	47	25	evidence	evidence	NOUN
cblr-10943	47	26	already	already	ADV
cblr-10943	47	27	possessed	possess	VERB
cblr-10943	47	28	by	by	ADP
cblr-10943	47	29	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	47	30	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	47	31	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	47	32	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	47	33	time	time	NOUN
cblr-10943	47	34	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	47	35	suit	suit	NOUN
cblr-10943	47	36	was	be	AUX
cblr-10943	47	37	commenced	commence	VERB
cblr-10943	47	38	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	47	39	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	47	40	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	47	41	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	48	1	no	no	INTJ
cblr-10943	48	2	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	49	1	2:993	2:993	NUM
cblr-10943	49	2	]	]	PUNCT
cblr-10943	49	3	reconsidering	reconsider	VERB
cblr-10943	49	4	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	49	5	role	role	NOUN
cblr-10943	49	6	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	49	7	expert	expert	ADJ
cblr-10943	49	8	discretion	discretion	NOUN
cblr-10943	49	9	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	49	10	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	49	11	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	49	12	997	997	NUM
cblr-10943	49	13	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	49	14	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	49	15	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	49	16	during	during	ADP
cblr-10943	49	17	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	49	18	decades	decade	NOUN
cblr-10943	49	19	following	follow	VERB
cblr-10943	49	20	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	49	21	1943	1943	NUM
cblr-10943	49	22	amendments.11	amendments.11	PROPN
cblr-10943	49	23	congress	congress	PROPN
cblr-10943	49	24	amended	amend	VERB
cblr-10943	49	25	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	49	26	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	49	27	again	again	ADV
cblr-10943	49	28	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	49	29	1986	1986	NUM
cblr-10943	49	30	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	49	31	order	order	NOUN
cblr-10943	49	32	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	49	33	bring	bring	VERB
cblr-10943	49	34	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	49	35	statute	statute	NOUN
cblr-10943	49	36	back	back	ADV
cblr-10943	49	37	into	into	ADP
cblr-10943	49	38	common	common	ADJ
cblr-10943	49	39	use	use	NOUN
cblr-10943	49	40	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	49	41	responding	respond	VERB
cblr-10943	49	42	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	49	43	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	49	44	proliferation	proliferation	NOUN
cblr-10943	49	45	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	49	46	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	49	47	across	across	ADP
cblr-10943	49	48	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	49	49	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	49	50	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	49	51	rampant	rampant	ADJ
cblr-10943	49	52	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	49	53	defense	defense	NOUN
cblr-10943	49	54	procurement	procurement	NOUN
cblr-10943	49	55	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	49	56	health	health	NOUN
cblr-10943	49	57	care	care	NOUN
cblr-10943	49	58	benefits	benefit	NOUN
cblr-10943	49	59	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	49	60	frauds	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	49	61	were	be	AUX
cblr-10943	49	62	specifically	specifically	ADV
cblr-10943	49	63	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	49	64	concern	concern	NOUN
cblr-10943	49	65	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	49	66	congress	congress	PROPN
cblr-10943	49	67	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	49	68	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	49	69	time.12	time.12	NOUN
cblr-10943	49	70	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	49	71	remedy	remedy	VERB
cblr-10943	49	72	this	this	PRON
cblr-10943	49	73	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	49	74	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	49	75	congressional	congressional	ADJ
cblr-10943	49	76	amendment	amendment	NOUN
cblr-10943	49	77	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	49	78	provided	provide	VERB
cblr-10943	49	79	incentives	incentive	NOUN
cblr-10943	49	80	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	49	81	private	private	ADJ
cblr-10943	49	82	enforcement	enforcement	NOUN
cblr-10943	49	83	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	49	84	including	include	VERB
cblr-10943	49	85	increased	increase	VERB
cblr-10943	49	86	monetary	monetary	ADJ
cblr-10943	49	87	awards	award	NOUN
cblr-10943	49	88	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	49	89	adopted	adopt	VERB
cblr-10943	49	90	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	49	91	lower	low	ADJ
cblr-10943	49	92	burden	burden	NOUN
cblr-10943	49	93	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	49	94	proof	proof	NOUN
cblr-10943	49	95	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	49	96	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	49	97	allowed	allow	VERB
cblr-10943	49	98	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	49	99	qui	qui	X
cblr-10943	49	100	tam	tam	X
cblr-10943	49	101	plaintiff	plaintiff	NOUN
cblr-10943	49	102	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	49	103	remain	remain	VERB
cblr-10943	49	104	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	49	105	party	party	NOUN
cblr-10943	49	106	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	49	107	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	49	108	action	action	NOUN
cblr-10943	49	109	even	even	ADV
cblr-10943	49	110	if	if	SCONJ
cblr-10943	49	111	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	49	112	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	49	113	intervenes	intervene	VERB
cblr-10943	49	114	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	50	1	”13	”13	NOUN
cblr-10943	50	2	allowing	allow	VERB
cblr-10943	50	3	for	for	SCONJ
cblr-10943	50	4	qui	qui	X
cblr-10943	50	5	tam	tam	PROPN
cblr-10943	50	6	plaintiffs	plaintiff	NOUN
cblr-10943	50	7	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	50	8	continue	continue	VERB
cblr-10943	50	9	as	as	SCONJ
cblr-10943	50	10	private	private	ADJ
cblr-10943	50	11	plaintiffs	plaintiff	NOUN
cblr-10943	50	12	enabled	enable	VERB
cblr-10943	50	13	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	50	14	private	private	ADJ
cblr-10943	50	15	prosecution	prosecution	NOUN
cblr-10943	50	16	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	50	17	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	50	18	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	50	19	which	which	PRON
cblr-10943	50	20	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	50	21	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	50	22	subject	subject	ADJ
cblr-10943	50	23	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	50	24	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	50	25	limitations	limitation	NOUN
cblr-10943	50	26	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	50	27	scarce	scarce	ADJ
cblr-10943	50	28	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	50	29	enforcement	enforcement	NOUN
cblr-10943	50	30	resources.14	resources.14	PROPN
cblr-10943	50	31	more	more	ADV
cblr-10943	50	32	significantly	significantly	ADV
cblr-10943	50	33	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	50	34	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	50	35	1986	1986	NUM
cblr-10943	50	36	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	50	37	amendments	amendment	NOUN
cblr-10943	50	38	still	still	ADV
cblr-10943	50	39	allowed	allow	VERB
cblr-10943	50	40	relators	relator	NOUN
cblr-10943	50	41	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	50	42	collect	collect	VERB
cblr-10943	50	43	their	their	PRON
cblr-10943	50	44	portion	portion	NOUN
cblr-10943	50	45	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	50	46	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	50	47	settlement	settlement	NOUN
cblr-10943	50	48	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	50	49	judgment	judgment	NOUN
cblr-10943	50	50	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	50	51	ranging	range	VERB
cblr-10943	50	52	from	from	ADP
cblr-10943	50	53	fifteen	fifteen	NUM
cblr-10943	50	54	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	50	55	twenty	twenty	NUM
cblr-10943	50	56	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	50	57	five	five	NUM
cblr-10943	50	58	percent	percent	NOUN
cblr-10943	50	59	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	50	60	even	even	ADV
cblr-10943	50	61	if	if	SCONJ
cblr-10943	50	62	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	50	63	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	50	64	had	have	AUX
cblr-10943	50	65	intervened	intervene	VERB
cblr-10943	50	66	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	50	67	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	50	68	action.15	action.15	NOUN
cblr-10943	50	69	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	50	70	these	these	DET
cblr-10943	50	71	collective	collective	ADJ
cblr-10943	50	72	changes	change	NOUN
cblr-10943	50	73	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	50	74	these	these	DET
cblr-10943	50	75	amendments	amendment	NOUN
cblr-10943	50	76	significantly	significantly	ADV
cblr-10943	50	77	increased	increase	VERB
cblr-10943	50	78	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	50	79	financial	financial	ADJ
cblr-10943	50	80	incentives	incentive	NOUN
cblr-10943	50	81	for	for	SCONJ
cblr-10943	50	82	relators	relator	NOUN
cblr-10943	50	83	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	50	84	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	50	85	only	only	ADV
cblr-10943	50	86	reveal	reveal	VERB
cblr-10943	50	87	instances	instance	NOUN
cblr-10943	50	88	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	50	89	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	50	90	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	50	91	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	50	92	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	50	93	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	50	94	but	but	CCONJ
cblr-10943	50	95	also	also	ADV
cblr-10943	50	96	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	50	97	continue	continue	VERB
cblr-10943	50	98	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	50	99	pursue	pursue	VERB
cblr-10943	50	100	these	these	DET
cblr-10943	50	101	actions	action	NOUN
cblr-10943	50	102	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	50	103	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	50	104	private	private	ADJ
cblr-10943	50	105	capacity	capacity	NOUN
cblr-10943	50	106	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	50	107	should	should	AUX
cblr-10943	50	108	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	50	109	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	50	110	decline	decline	VERB
cblr-10943	50	111	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	50	112	intervene	intervene	VERB
cblr-10943	50	113	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	51	1	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	51	2	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	51	3	modern	modern	ADJ
cblr-10943	51	4	context	context	NOUN
cblr-10943	51	5	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	51	6	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	51	7	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	51	8	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	51	9	covers	cover	VERB
cblr-10943	51	10	all	all	DET
cblr-10943	51	11	fraudulent	fraudulent	ADJ
cblr-10943	51	12	attempts	attempt	NOUN
cblr-10943	51	13	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	51	14	cause	cause	VERB
cblr-10943	51	15	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	51	16	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	51	17	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	51	18	pay	pay	VERB
cblr-10943	51	19	out	out	ADP
cblr-10943	51	20	sums	sum	NOUN
cblr-10943	51	21	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	51	22	money	money	NOUN
cblr-10943	51	23	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	52	1	”16	”16	NOUN
cblr-10943	52	2	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	52	3	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	52	4	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	52	5	now	now	ADV
cblr-10943	52	6	11	11	NUM
cblr-10943	52	7	see	see	VERB
cblr-10943	52	8	bell	bell	PROPN
cblr-10943	52	9	&	&	CCONJ
cblr-10943	52	10	miller	miller	PROPN
cblr-10943	52	11	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	52	12	supra	supra	PROPN
cblr-10943	52	13	note	note	NOUN
cblr-10943	52	14	3	3	NUM
cblr-10943	52	15	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	52	16	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	52	17	278	278	NUM
cblr-10943	52	18	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	52	19	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	52	20	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	52	21	1943	1943	NUM
cblr-10943	52	22	amendments	amendment	NOUN
cblr-10943	52	23	went	go	VERB
cblr-10943	52	24	too	too	ADV
cblr-10943	52	25	far	far	ADV
cblr-10943	52	26	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	52	27	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	52	28	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	52	29	fell	fall	VERB
cblr-10943	52	30	into	into	ADP
cblr-10943	52	31	disuse	disuse	NOUN
cblr-10943	52	32	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	52	33	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	52	34	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	52	35	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	53	1	12	12	NUM
cblr-10943	53	2	s.	s.	PROPN
cblr-10943	53	3	rep	rep	PROPN
cblr-10943	53	4	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	53	5	no	no	PROPN
cblr-10943	53	6	.	.	NOUN
cblr-10943	53	7	99	99	NUM
cblr-10943	53	8	-	-	SYM
cblr-10943	53	9	345	345	NUM
cblr-10943	53	10	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	53	11	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	53	12	4	4	NUM
cblr-10943	53	13	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	53	14	1986	1986	NUM
cblr-10943	53	15	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	53	16	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	54	1	13	13	NUM
cblr-10943	54	2	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	54	3	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	54	4	ex	ex	PROPN
cblr-10943	54	5	rel	rel	PROPN
cblr-10943	54	6	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	54	7	stinson	stinson	PROPN
cblr-10943	54	8	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	54	9	lyons	lyons	PROPN
cblr-10943	54	10	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	54	11	gerlin	gerlin	PROPN
cblr-10943	54	12	&	&	CCONJ
cblr-10943	54	13	bustamante	bustamante	PROPN
cblr-10943	54	14	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	54	15	p.a	p.a	PROPN
cblr-10943	54	16	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	55	1	v.	v.	PROPN
cblr-10943	55	2	prudential	prudential	PROPN
cblr-10943	55	3	ins	ins	PROPN
cblr-10943	55	4	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	55	5	co.	co.	PROPN
cblr-10943	55	6	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	55	7	944	944	NUM
cblr-10943	55	8	f.2d	f.2d	NOUN
cblr-10943	55	9	1149	1149	NUM
cblr-10943	55	10	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	55	11	1154	1154	NUM
cblr-10943	55	12	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	55	13	3d	3d	NUM
cblr-10943	55	14	cir	cir	NOUN
cblr-10943	55	15	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	55	16	1991	1991	NUM
cblr-10943	55	17	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	56	1	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	56	2	explaining	explain	VERB
cblr-10943	56	3	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	56	4	strengthening	strengthening	NOUN
cblr-10943	56	5	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	56	6	qui	qui	X
cblr-10943	56	7	tam	tam	NOUN
cblr-10943	56	8	provisions	provision	NOUN
cblr-10943	56	9	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	56	10	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	56	11	1986	1986	NUM
cblr-10943	56	12	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	56	13	amendments	amendment	NOUN
cblr-10943	56	14	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	56	15	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	57	1	14	14	NUM
cblr-10943	57	2	see	see	VERB
cblr-10943	57	3	beck	beck	PROPN
cblr-10943	57	4	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	57	5	supra	supra	PROPN
cblr-10943	57	6	note	note	PROPN
cblr-10943	57	7	8	8	NUM
cblr-10943	57	8	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	57	9	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	57	10	564	564	NUM
cblr-10943	57	11	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	57	12	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	57	13	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	57	14	benign	benign	ADJ
cblr-10943	57	15	explanation	explanation	NOUN
cblr-10943	57	16	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	57	17	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	57	18	justice	justice	PROPN
cblr-10943	57	19	department	department	PROPN
cblr-10943	57	20	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	57	21	failure	failure	NOUN
cblr-10943	57	22	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	57	23	prosecute	prosecute	VERB
cblr-10943	57	24	more	more	ADJ
cblr-10943	57	25	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	57	26	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	57	27	was	be	AUX
cblr-10943	57	28	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	57	29	need	need	NOUN
cblr-10943	57	30	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	57	31	ration	ration	VERB
cblr-10943	57	32	enforcement	enforcement	NOUN
cblr-10943	57	33	resources	resource	NOUN
cblr-10943	57	34	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	57	35	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	57	36	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	57	37	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	58	1	15	15	NUM
cblr-10943	58	2	an	an	DET
cblr-10943	58	3	act	act	NOUN
cblr-10943	58	4	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	58	5	amend	amend	VERB
cblr-10943	58	6	title	title	NOUN
cblr-10943	58	7	31	31	NUM
cblr-10943	58	8	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	58	9	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	58	10	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	58	11	code	code	PROPN
cblr-10943	58	12	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	58	13	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	58	14	respect	respect	NOUN
cblr-10943	58	15	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	58	16	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	58	17	fraudulent	fraudulent	ADJ
cblr-10943	58	18	use	use	NOUN
cblr-10943	58	19	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	58	20	public	public	ADJ
cblr-10943	58	21	property	property	NOUN
cblr-10943	58	22	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	58	23	money	money	NOUN
cblr-10943	58	24	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	58	25	pub	pub	NOUN
cblr-10943	58	26	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	59	1	l.	l.	PROPN
cblr-10943	59	2	no	no	INTJ
cblr-10943	59	3	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	60	1	99–562	99–562	NUM
cblr-10943	60	2	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	60	3	s	s	NOUN
cblr-10943	60	4	1562	1562	NUM
cblr-10943	60	5	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	60	6	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	60	7	100	100	NUM
cblr-10943	60	8	stat	stat	NOUN
cblr-10943	60	9	3153	3153	NUM
cblr-10943	60	10	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	60	11	1986	1986	NUM
cblr-10943	60	12	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	60	13	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	61	1	16	16	NUM
cblr-10943	61	2	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	61	3	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	61	4	ex	ex	PROPN
cblr-10943	61	5	rel	rel	PROPN
cblr-10943	61	6	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	62	1	bahrani	bahrani	PROPN
cblr-10943	62	2	v.	v.	ADP
cblr-10943	62	3	conagra	conagra	PROPN
cblr-10943	62	4	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	62	5	inc	inc	PROPN
cblr-10943	62	6	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	62	7	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	62	8	465	465	NUM
cblr-10943	62	9	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cblr-10943	62	10	1189	1189	NUM
cblr-10943	62	11	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	62	12	1194	1194	NUM
cblr-10943	62	13	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	62	14	10th	10th	ADJ
cblr-10943	62	15	cir	cir	NOUN
cblr-10943	62	16	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	63	1	2006	2006	NUM
cblr-10943	63	2	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	64	1	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	64	2	citing	cite	VERB
cblr-10943	64	3	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	64	4	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	64	5	v.	v.	ADP
cblr-10943	64	6	neifert	neifert	NOUN
cblr-10943	64	7	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	64	8	white	white	PROPN
cblr-10943	64	9	co.	co.	PROPN
cblr-10943	64	10	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	64	11	390	390	NUM
cblr-10943	64	12	u.s	u.s	PROPN
cblr-10943	64	13	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	64	14	228	228	NUM
cblr-10943	64	15	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	64	16	232–33	232–33	NUM
cblr-10943	64	17	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	64	18	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	64	19	explaining	explain	VERB
cblr-10943	64	20	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	64	21	modern	modern	ADJ
cblr-10943	64	22	scope	scope	NOUN
cblr-10943	64	23	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	64	24	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	64	25	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	64	26	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	64	27	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	65	1	998	998	NUM
cblr-10943	65	2	columbia	columbia	PROPN
cblr-10943	65	3	business	business	NOUN
cblr-10943	65	4	law	law	PROPN
cblr-10943	65	5	review	review	NOUN
cblr-10943	65	6	[	[	X
cblr-10943	65	7	vol	vol	NOUN
cblr-10943	65	8	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	65	9	2022	2022	NUM
cblr-10943	65	10	used	use	VERB
cblr-10943	65	11	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	65	12	combat	combat	VERB
cblr-10943	65	13	various	various	ADJ
cblr-10943	65	14	types	type	NOUN
cblr-10943	65	15	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	65	16	frauds	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	65	17	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	65	18	recover	recover	VERB
cblr-10943	65	19	substantial	substantial	ADJ
cblr-10943	65	20	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	65	21	funds.17	funds.17	ADJ
cblr-10943	65	22	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	65	23	example	example	NOUN
cblr-10943	65	24	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	65	25	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	65	26	2020	2020	NUM
cblr-10943	65	27	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	65	28	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	65	29	federal	federal	ADJ
cblr-10943	65	30	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	65	31	was	be	AUX
cblr-10943	65	32	used	use	VERB
cblr-10943	65	33	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	65	34	recover	recover	VERB
cblr-10943	65	35	over	over	ADP
cblr-10943	65	36	$	$	SYM
cblr-10943	65	37	2.2	2.2	NUM
cblr-10943	65	38	billion	billion	NUM
cblr-10943	65	39	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	65	40	through	through	ADP
cblr-10943	65	41	settlements	settlement	NOUN
cblr-10943	65	42	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	65	43	judgments	judgment	NOUN
cblr-10943	65	44	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	65	45	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	65	46	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	65	47	federal	federal	ADJ
cblr-10943	65	48	government.18	government.18	PROPN
cblr-10943	65	49	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	65	50	recurring	recur	VERB
cblr-10943	65	51	theme	theme	NOUN
cblr-10943	65	52	throughout	throughout	ADP
cblr-10943	65	53	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	65	54	life	life	NOUN
cblr-10943	65	55	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	65	56	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	65	57	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	65	58	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	65	59	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	65	60	tension	tension	NOUN
cblr-10943	65	61	between	between	ADP
cblr-10943	65	62	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	65	63	need	need	NOUN
cblr-10943	65	64	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	65	65	uncover	uncover	VERB
cblr-10943	65	66	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	65	67	against	against	ADP
cblr-10943	65	68	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	65	69	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	65	70	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	65	71	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	65	72	need	need	NOUN
cblr-10943	65	73	for	for	SCONJ
cblr-10943	65	74	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	65	75	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	65	76	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	65	77	efficiently	efficiently	ADV
cblr-10943	65	78	contract	contract	VERB
cblr-10943	65	79	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	65	80	private	private	ADJ
cblr-10943	65	81	sector	sector	NOUN
cblr-10943	65	82	parties	party	NOUN
cblr-10943	65	83	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	66	1	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	66	2	weakened	weaken	VERB
cblr-10943	66	3	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	66	4	reduces	reduce	VERB
cblr-10943	66	5	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	66	6	ability	ability	NOUN
cblr-10943	66	7	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	66	8	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	66	9	statute	statute	NOUN
cblr-10943	66	10	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	66	11	uncover	uncover	VERB
cblr-10943	66	12	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	66	13	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	66	14	while	while	SCONJ
cblr-10943	66	15	an	an	DET
cblr-10943	66	16	excessively	excessively	ADV
cblr-10943	66	17	strong	strong	ADJ
cblr-10943	66	18	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	66	19	invites	invite	VERB
cblr-10943	66	20	inefficiencies	inefficiency	NOUN
cblr-10943	66	21	through	through	ADP
cblr-10943	66	22	frivolous	frivolous	ADJ
cblr-10943	66	23	litigation	litigation	NOUN
cblr-10943	66	24	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	66	25	increased	increase	VERB
cblr-10943	66	26	transaction	transaction	NOUN
cblr-10943	66	27	costs	cost	NOUN
cblr-10943	66	28	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	66	29	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	66	30	federal	federal	ADJ
cblr-10943	66	31	government.19	government.19	PROPN
cblr-10943	66	32	any	any	DET
cblr-10943	66	33	significant	significant	ADJ
cblr-10943	66	34	decisions	decision	NOUN
cblr-10943	66	35	rendered	render	VERB
cblr-10943	66	36	on	on	ADP
cblr-10943	66	37	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	66	38	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	66	39	must	must	AUX
cblr-10943	66	40	strike	strike	VERB
cblr-10943	66	41	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	66	42	balance	balance	NOUN
cblr-10943	66	43	between	between	ADP
cblr-10943	66	44	these	these	DET
cblr-10943	66	45	two	two	NUM
cblr-10943	66	46	interests	interest	NOUN
cblr-10943	66	47	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	67	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
cblr-10943	67	2	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	67	3	an	an	DET
cblr-10943	67	4	unclear	unclear	ADJ
cblr-10943	67	5	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	67	6	regime	regime	NOUN
cblr-10943	67	7	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	67	8	as	as	SCONJ
cblr-10943	67	9	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	67	10	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	67	11	case	case	NOUN
cblr-10943	67	12	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	67	13	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	67	14	current	current	ADJ
cblr-10943	67	15	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	67	16	split	split	NOUN
cblr-10943	67	17	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	67	18	can	can	AUX
cblr-10943	67	19	ultimately	ultimately	ADV
cblr-10943	67	20	lead	lead	VERB
cblr-10943	67	21	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	67	22	both	both	DET
cblr-10943	67	23	decreased	decrease	VERB
cblr-10943	67	24	effectiveness	effectiveness	NOUN
cblr-10943	67	25	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	67	26	uncovering	uncover	VERB
cblr-10943	67	27	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	67	28	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	67	29	frivolous	frivolous	ADJ
cblr-10943	67	30	litigation	litigation	NOUN
cblr-10943	67	31	until	until	ADP
cblr-10943	67	32	resolution	resolution	NOUN
cblr-10943	67	33	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	68	1	b.	b.	PROPN
cblr-10943	68	2	basic	basic	ADJ
cblr-10943	68	3	elements	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	68	4	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	68	5	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	68	6	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	68	7	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	68	8	act	act	VERB
cblr-10943	68	9	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	68	10	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	68	11	creates	create	VERB
cblr-10943	68	12	liability	liability	NOUN
cblr-10943	68	13	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	68	14	parties	party	NOUN
cblr-10943	68	15	found	find	VERB
cblr-10943	68	16	guilty	guilty	ADJ
cblr-10943	68	17	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	68	18	falsely	falsely	ADV
cblr-10943	68	19	submitting	submit	VERB
cblr-10943	68	20	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	68	21	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	68	22	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	68	23	payment	payment	NOUN
cblr-10943	68	24	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	68	25	making	make	VERB
cblr-10943	68	26	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	68	27	statements	statement	NOUN
cblr-10943	68	28	when	when	SCONJ
cblr-10943	68	29	facilitating	facilitate	VERB
cblr-10943	68	30	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	68	31	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	68	32	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	68	33	otherwise	otherwise	ADV
cblr-10943	68	34	receiving	receive	VERB
cblr-10943	68	35	money	money	NOUN
cblr-10943	68	36	from	from	ADP
cblr-10943	68	37	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	68	38	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	68	39	under	under	ADP
cblr-10943	68	40	fraudulent	fraudulent	ADJ
cblr-10943	68	41	circumstances.20	circumstances.20	NOUN
cblr-10943	68	42	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	68	43	definition	definition	NOUN
cblr-10943	68	44	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	68	45	expansive	expansive	ADJ
cblr-10943	68	46	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	68	47	reflects	reflect	VERB
cblr-10943	68	48	17	17	NUM
cblr-10943	68	49	carolyn	carolyn	PROPN
cblr-10943	68	50	v.	v.	ADP
cblr-10943	68	51	metnick	metnick	PROPN
cblr-10943	68	52	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	68	53	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	68	54	jurisdictional	jurisdictional	ADJ
cblr-10943	68	55	bar	bar	NOUN
cblr-10943	68	56	provision	provision	NOUN
cblr-10943	68	57	:	:	PUNCT
cblr-10943	68	58	who	who	PRON
cblr-10943	68	59	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	68	60	an	an	DET
cblr-10943	68	61	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
cblr-10943	68	62	relator	relator	NOUN
cblr-10943	68	63	?	?	PUNCT
cblr-10943	68	64	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	68	65	17	17	NUM
cblr-10943	68	66	annals	annal	VERB
cblr-10943	68	67	health	health	PROPN
cblr-10943	68	68	l.	l.	PROPN
cblr-10943	68	69	101	101	NUM
cblr-10943	68	70	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	68	71	102	102	NUM
cblr-10943	68	72	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	68	73	2008	2008	NUM
cblr-10943	68	74	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	68	75	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	68	76	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	68	77	it	it	PRON
cblr-10943	68	78	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	68	79	estimated	estimate	VERB
cblr-10943	68	80	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	68	81	from	from	ADP
cblr-10943	68	82	1986	1986	NUM
cblr-10943	68	83	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	68	84	2005	2005	NUM
cblr-10943	68	85	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	68	86	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	68	87	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	68	88	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	68	89	has	have	AUX
cblr-10943	68	90	recovered	recover	VERB
cblr-10943	68	91	more	more	ADJ
cblr-10943	68	92	than	than	ADP
cblr-10943	68	93	$	$	SYM
cblr-10943	68	94	9.6	9.6	NUM
cblr-10943	68	95	billion	billion	NUM
cblr-10943	68	96	from	from	ADP
cblr-10943	68	97	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	68	98	qui	qui	X
cblr-10943	68	99	tam	tam	PROPN
cblr-10943	68	100	litigation	litigation	NOUN
cblr-10943	68	101	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	68	102	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	68	103	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	68	104	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	69	1	18	18	NUM
cblr-10943	69	2	u.s	u.s	PROPN
cblr-10943	69	3	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	69	4	department	department	PROPN
cblr-10943	69	5	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	69	6	justice	justice	PROPN
cblr-10943	69	7	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	69	8	justice	justice	PROPN
cblr-10943	69	9	department	department	PROPN
cblr-10943	69	10	recovers	recover	VERB
cblr-10943	69	11	over	over	ADP
cblr-10943	69	12	$	$	SYM
cblr-10943	69	13	2.2	2.2	NUM
cblr-10943	69	14	billion	billion	NUM
cblr-10943	69	15	from	from	ADP
cblr-10943	69	16	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	69	17	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	69	18	act	act	VERB
cblr-10943	69	19	cases	case	NOUN
cblr-10943	69	20	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	69	21	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ
cblr-10943	69	22	year	year	NOUN
cblr-10943	69	23	2020	2020	NUM
cblr-10943	69	24	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	69	25	just	just	ADV
cblr-10943	69	26	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	70	1	news	news	NOUN
cblr-10943	70	2	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	70	3	jan	jan	PROPN
cblr-10943	70	4	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	70	5	14	14	NUM
cblr-10943	70	6	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	70	7	2021	2021	NUM
cblr-10943	70	8	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	70	9	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	70	10	https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/justice-department-recovers-over22-billion-false-claims-act-cases-fiscal-year-2020	https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/justice-department-recovers-over22-billion-false-claims-act-cases-fiscal-year-2020	VERB
cblr-10943	70	11	[	[	X
cblr-10943	70	12	https://perma.cc/6duxlnhl	https://perma.cc/6duxlnhl	X
cblr-10943	70	13	]	]	X
cblr-10943	70	14	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	71	1	19	19	NUM
cblr-10943	71	2	see	see	VERB
cblr-10943	71	3	graham	graham	PROPN
cblr-10943	71	4	cnty	cnty	PROPN
cblr-10943	71	5	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	72	1	soil	soil	NOUN
cblr-10943	72	2	&	&	CCONJ
cblr-10943	72	3	water	water	PROPN
cblr-10943	72	4	conservation	conservation	NOUN
cblr-10943	72	5	dist	dist	NOUN
cblr-10943	72	6	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	73	1	v.	v.	PROPN
cblr-10943	73	2	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	73	3	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	73	4	ex	ex	PROPN
cblr-10943	73	5	rel	rel	PROPN
cblr-10943	73	6	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	74	1	wilson	wilson	PROPN
cblr-10943	74	2	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	74	3	559	559	NUM
cblr-10943	74	4	u.s	u.s	PROPN
cblr-10943	74	5	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	74	6	280	280	NUM
cblr-10943	74	7	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	74	8	295	295	NUM
cblr-10943	74	9	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	74	10	2010	2010	NUM
cblr-10943	74	11	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	74	12	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	74	13	explaining	explain	VERB
cblr-10943	74	14	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	74	15	congress	congress	PROPN
cblr-10943	74	16	seeks	seek	VERB
cblr-10943	74	17	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	74	18	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	74	19	strike	strike	VERB
cblr-10943	74	20	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	74	21	balance	balance	NOUN
cblr-10943	74	22	between	between	ADP
cblr-10943	74	23	encouraging	encourage	VERB
cblr-10943	74	24	private	private	ADJ
cblr-10943	74	25	persons	person	NOUN
cblr-10943	74	26	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	74	27	root	root	VERB
cblr-10943	74	28	out	out	ADP
cblr-10943	74	29	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	74	30	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	74	31	stifling	stifle	VERB
cblr-10943	74	32	parasitic	parasitic	ADJ
cblr-10943	74	33	lawsuits	lawsuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	74	34	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	74	35	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	74	36	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	75	1	20	20	NUM
cblr-10943	75	2	31	31	NUM
cblr-10943	75	3	u.s.c	u.s.c	NOUN
cblr-10943	75	4	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	76	1	§	§	PROPN
cblr-10943	76	2	3729(a)(1	3729(a)(1	NUM
cblr-10943	76	3	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	77	1	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	77	2	see	see	VERB
cblr-10943	77	3	universal	universal	ADJ
cblr-10943	77	4	health	health	NOUN
cblr-10943	77	5	servs	servs	PROPN
cblr-10943	77	6	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	77	7	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	77	8	inc	inc	PROPN
cblr-10943	77	9	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	77	10	v.	v.	PROPN
cblr-10943	77	11	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	77	12	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	77	13	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	77	14	579	579	NUM
cblr-10943	77	15	u.s	u.s	PROPN
cblr-10943	77	16	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	77	17	176	176	NUM
cblr-10943	77	18	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	77	19	2016	2016	NUM
cblr-10943	77	20	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	77	21	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	77	22	establishing	establish	VERB
cblr-10943	77	23	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	77	24	implied	imply	VERB
cblr-10943	77	25	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	77	26	certification	certification	NOUN
cblr-10943	77	27	theory	theory	NOUN
cblr-10943	77	28	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	77	29	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	77	30	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	77	31	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	77	32	ex	ex	PROPN
cblr-10943	77	33	rel	rel	PROPN
cblr-10943	77	34	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	78	1	bain	bain	PROPN
cblr-10943	78	2	v.	v.	PROPN
cblr-10943	78	3	georgia	georgia	PROPN
cblr-10943	78	4	gulf	gulf	PROPN
cblr-10943	78	5	corp	corp	PROPN
cblr-10943	78	6	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	78	7	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	78	8	386	386	NUM
cblr-10943	78	9	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cblr-10943	78	10	648	648	NUM
cblr-10943	78	11	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	78	12	652	652	NUM
cblr-10943	78	13	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	78	14	5th	5th	ADJ
cblr-10943	78	15	cir	cir	NOUN
cblr-10943	78	16	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	78	17	2004	2004	NUM
cblr-10943	78	18	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	79	1	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	79	2	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	79	3	under	under	ADP
cblr-10943	79	4	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	79	5	reverse	reverse	ADJ
cblr-10943	79	6	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	79	7	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	79	8	act	act	PROPN
cblr-10943	79	9	subsection	subsection	NOUN
cblr-10943	79	10	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	79	11	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	79	12	plaintiff	plaintiff	NOUN
cblr-10943	79	13	no	no	INTJ
cblr-10943	79	14	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	80	1	2:993	2:993	NUM
cblr-10943	80	2	]	]	PUNCT
cblr-10943	80	3	reconsidering	reconsider	VERB
cblr-10943	80	4	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	80	5	role	role	NOUN
cblr-10943	80	6	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	80	7	expert	expert	ADJ
cblr-10943	80	8	discretion	discretion	NOUN
cblr-10943	80	9	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	80	10	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	80	11	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	80	12	999	999	NUM
cblr-10943	80	13	congress	congress	PROPN
cblr-10943	80	14	’	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	80	15	intention	intention	NOUN
cblr-10943	80	16	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	80	17	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	80	18	reach	reach	VERB
cblr-10943	80	19	all	all	DET
cblr-10943	80	20	types	type	NOUN
cblr-10943	80	21	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	80	22	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	80	23	without	without	ADP
cblr-10943	80	24	qualification	qualification	NOUN
cblr-10943	80	25	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	80	26	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	80	27	might	might	AUX
cblr-10943	80	28	result	result	VERB
cblr-10943	80	29	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	80	30	financial	financial	ADJ
cblr-10943	80	31	loss	loss	NOUN
cblr-10943	80	32	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	80	33	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	80	34	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	80	35	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	81	1	”21	”21	PROPN
cblr-10943	81	2	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	81	3	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	81	4	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	81	5	as	as	SCONJ
cblr-10943	81	6	currently	currently	ADV
cblr-10943	81	7	applied	apply	VERB
cblr-10943	81	8	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	81	9	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	81	10	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	81	11	remedial	remedial	ADJ
cblr-10943	81	12	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	81	13	nature	nature	NOUN
cblr-10943	81	14	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	81	15	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	81	16	its	its	PRON
cblr-10943	81	17	provisions	provision	NOUN
cblr-10943	81	18	are	be	AUX
cblr-10943	81	19	accordingly	accordingly	ADV
cblr-10943	81	20	broadly	broadly	ADV
cblr-10943	81	21	construed.22	construed.22	ADJ
cblr-10943	81	22	however	however	ADV
cblr-10943	81	23	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	81	24	congress	congress	PROPN
cblr-10943	81	25	did	do	AUX
cblr-10943	81	26	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	81	27	intend	intend	VERB
cblr-10943	81	28	for	for	SCONJ
cblr-10943	81	29	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	81	30	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	81	31	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	81	32	serve	serve	VERB
cblr-10943	81	33	as	as	ADP
cblr-10943	81	34	an	an	DET
cblr-10943	81	35	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	81	36	all	all	DET
cblr-10943	81	37	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	81	38	purpose	purpose	NOUN
cblr-10943	81	39	antifraud	antifraud	PROPN
cblr-10943	81	40	statute	statute	PROPN
cblr-10943	81	41	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	81	42	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	81	43	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	81	44	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	81	45	vehicle	vehicle	NOUN
cblr-10943	81	46	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	81	47	punishing	punish	VERB
cblr-10943	81	48	garden	garden	NOUN
cblr-10943	81	49	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	81	50	variety	variety	NOUN
cblr-10943	81	51	breaches	breach	NOUN
cblr-10943	81	52	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	81	53	contract	contract	NOUN
cblr-10943	81	54	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	81	55	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
cblr-10943	81	56	violations	violation	NOUN
cblr-10943	81	57	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	82	1	”23	”23	ADV
cblr-10943	82	2	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	82	3	addition	addition	NOUN
cblr-10943	82	4	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	82	5	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	82	6	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	82	7	every	every	DET
cblr-10943	82	8	undisclosed	undisclosed	ADJ
cblr-10943	82	9	violation	violation	NOUN
cblr-10943	82	10	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	82	11	an	an	DET
cblr-10943	82	12	express	express	ADJ
cblr-10943	82	13	condition	condition	NOUN
cblr-10943	82	14	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	82	15	payment	payment	NOUN
cblr-10943	82	16	automatically	automatically	ADV
cblr-10943	82	17	triggers	trigger	VERB
cblr-10943	82	18	liability	liability	NOUN
cblr-10943	82	19	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	83	1	”24	”24	VERB
cblr-10943	83	2	relatedly	relatedly	ADV
cblr-10943	83	3	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	83	4	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	83	5	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	83	6	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	83	7	attaches	attach	VERB
cblr-10943	83	8	liability	liability	NOUN
cblr-10943	83	9	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	83	10	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	83	11	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	83	12	underlying	underlie	VERB
cblr-10943	83	13	fraudulent	fraudulent	ADJ
cblr-10943	83	14	activity	activity	NOUN
cblr-10943	83	15	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	83	16	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	83	17	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	83	18	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	83	19	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	83	20	wrongful	wrongful	ADJ
cblr-10943	83	21	payment	payment	NOUN
cblr-10943	83	22	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	83	23	but	but	CCONJ
cblr-10943	83	24	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	83	25	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	83	26	‘	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	83	27	claim	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	83	28	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	83	29	payment	payment	NOUN
cblr-10943	83	30	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	83	31	’”25	’”25	PUNCT
cblr-10943	83	32	while	while	SCONJ
cblr-10943	83	33	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	83	34	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	83	35	empowers	empower	VERB
cblr-10943	83	36	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	83	37	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	83	38	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	83	39	pursue	pursue	VERB
cblr-10943	83	40	actions	action	NOUN
cblr-10943	83	41	against	against	ADP
cblr-10943	83	42	parties	party	NOUN
cblr-10943	83	43	committing	commit	VERB
cblr-10943	83	44	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	83	45	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	83	46	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	83	47	contracting	contracting	NOUN
cblr-10943	83	48	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	83	49	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	83	50	primary	primary	ADJ
cblr-10943	83	51	means	mean	NOUN
cblr-10943	83	52	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	83	53	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	83	54	enforcement	enforcement	NOUN
cblr-10943	83	55	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	83	56	qui	qui	X
cblr-10943	83	57	tam	tam	PROPN
cblr-10943	83	58	actions	action	NOUN
cblr-10943	83	59	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	83	60	relators	relator	NOUN
cblr-10943	83	61	bring.26	bring.26	VERB
cblr-10943	83	62	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	83	63	qui	qui	X
cblr-10943	83	64	tam	tam	X
cblr-10943	83	65	provision	provision	NOUN
cblr-10943	83	66	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	83	67	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	83	68	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	83	69	allows	allow	VERB
cblr-10943	83	70	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	83	71	individual	individual	ADJ
cblr-10943	83	72	parties	party	NOUN
cblr-10943	83	73	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	83	74	within	within	ADP
cblr-10943	83	75	certain	certain	ADJ
cblr-10943	83	76	statutory	statutory	ADJ
cblr-10943	83	77	restrictions	restriction	NOUN
cblr-10943	83	78	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	83	79	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	83	80	bring	bring	VERB
cblr-10943	83	81	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	83	82	against	against	ADP
cblr-10943	83	83	other	other	ADJ
cblr-10943	83	84	parties	party	NOUN
cblr-10943	83	85	engaged	engage	VERB
cblr-10943	83	86	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	83	87	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	83	88	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	83	89	receive	receive	VERB
cblr-10943	83	90	fifteen	fifteen	NUM
cblr-10943	83	91	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	83	92	twenty	twenty	NUM
cblr-10943	83	93	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	83	94	five	five	NUM
cblr-10943	83	95	percent	percent	NOUN
cblr-10943	83	96	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	83	97	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	83	98	proceeds	proceed	NOUN
cblr-10943	83	99	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	83	100	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	83	101	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	83	102	ultimately	ultimately	ADV
cblr-10943	83	103	recovers.27	recovers.27	VERB
cblr-10943	83	104	these	these	DET
cblr-10943	83	105	parties	party	NOUN
cblr-10943	83	106	can	can	AUX
cblr-10943	83	107	either	either	CCONJ
cblr-10943	83	108	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	83	109	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	83	110	federal	federal	ADJ
cblr-10943	83	111	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	83	112	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	83	113	relators.28	relators.28	NOUN
cblr-10943	83	114	even	even	ADV
cblr-10943	83	115	when	when	SCONJ
cblr-10943	83	116	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	83	117	relator	relator	NOUN
cblr-10943	83	118	brings	bring	VERB
cblr-10943	83	119	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	83	120	claim	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	83	121	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	83	122	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	83	123	federal	federal	ADJ
cblr-10943	83	124	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	83	125	may	may	AUX
cblr-10943	83	126	choose	choose	VERB
cblr-10943	83	127	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	83	128	may	may	AUX
cblr-10943	83	129	recover	recover	VERB
cblr-10943	83	130	against	against	ADP
cblr-10943	83	131	‘	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	83	132	any	any	DET
cblr-10943	83	133	person	person	NOUN
cblr-10943	83	134	who	who	PRON
cblr-10943	83	135	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	83	136	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	83	137	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	84	1	knowingly	knowingly	ADV
cblr-10943	84	2	makes	make	VERB
cblr-10943	84	3	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	84	4	uses	use	NOUN
cblr-10943	84	5	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	84	6	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	84	7	causes	cause	VERB
cblr-10943	84	8	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	84	9	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	84	10	made	make	VERB
cblr-10943	84	11	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	84	12	used	use	VERB
cblr-10943	84	13	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	84	14	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	84	15	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	84	16	record	record	NOUN
cblr-10943	84	17	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	84	18	statement	statement	NOUN
cblr-10943	84	19	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	84	20	conceal	conceal	VERB
cblr-10943	84	21	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	84	22	avoid	avoid	VERB
cblr-10943	84	23	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	84	24	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	84	25	decrease	decrease	VERB
cblr-10943	84	26	an	an	DET
cblr-10943	84	27	obligation	obligation	NOUN
cblr-10943	84	28	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	84	29	pay	pay	VERB
cblr-10943	84	30	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	84	31	transmit	transmit	VERB
cblr-10943	84	32	money	money	NOUN
cblr-10943	84	33	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	84	34	property	property	NOUN
cblr-10943	84	35	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	84	36	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	84	37	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	84	38	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	84	39	’	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	84	40	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	84	41	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	84	42	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	84	43	citing	cite	VERB
cblr-10943	84	44	31	31	NUM
cblr-10943	84	45	u.s.c	u.s.c	ADJ
cblr-10943	84	46	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	85	1	§	§	PROPN
cblr-10943	85	2	3729(a)(7	3729(a)(7	NUM
cblr-10943	85	3	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	85	4	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	85	5	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	86	1	21	21	NUM
cblr-10943	86	2	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	86	3	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	86	4	v.	v.	ADP
cblr-10943	86	5	neifert	neifert	NOUN
cblr-10943	86	6	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	86	7	white	white	PROPN
cblr-10943	86	8	co.	co.	PROPN
cblr-10943	86	9	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	86	10	390	390	NUM
cblr-10943	86	11	u.s	u.s	PROPN
cblr-10943	86	12	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	86	13	228	228	NUM
cblr-10943	86	14	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	86	15	232	232	NUM
cblr-10943	86	16	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	86	17	1968	1968	NUM
cblr-10943	86	18	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	86	19	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	87	1	22	22	NUM
cblr-10943	87	2	townsend	townsend	PROPN
cblr-10943	87	3	v.	v.	PROPN
cblr-10943	87	4	bayer	bayer	PROPN
cblr-10943	87	5	corp	corp	PROPN
cblr-10943	87	6	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	87	7	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	87	8	774	774	NUM
cblr-10943	87	9	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cblr-10943	87	10	446	446	NUM
cblr-10943	87	11	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	87	12	459	459	NUM
cblr-10943	87	13	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	87	14	8th	8th	ADJ
cblr-10943	87	15	cir	cir	NOUN
cblr-10943	87	16	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	87	17	2014	2014	NUM
cblr-10943	87	18	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	87	19	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	88	1	23	23	NUM
cblr-10943	88	2	universal	universal	ADJ
cblr-10943	88	3	health	health	NOUN
cblr-10943	88	4	servs	servs	PROPN
cblr-10943	88	5	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	88	6	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	88	7	inc	inc	PROPN
cblr-10943	88	8	v.	v.	PROPN
cblr-10943	88	9	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	88	10	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	88	11	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	88	12	136	136	NUM
cblr-10943	88	13	s.ct	s.ct	NOUN
cblr-10943	88	14	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	88	15	1989	1989	NUM
cblr-10943	88	16	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	88	17	2003	2003	NUM
cblr-10943	88	18	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	88	19	2016	2016	NUM
cblr-10943	88	20	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	88	21	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	88	22	quoting	quote	VERB
cblr-10943	88	23	allison	allison	PROPN
cblr-10943	88	24	engine	engine	PROPN
cblr-10943	88	25	co.	co.	PROPN
cblr-10943	88	26	v.	v.	PROPN
cblr-10943	88	27	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	88	28	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	88	29	ex	ex	PROPN
cblr-10943	88	30	rel	rel	PROPN
cblr-10943	88	31	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	89	1	sanders	sanders	PROPN
cblr-10943	89	2	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	89	3	553	553	NUM
cblr-10943	89	4	u.s	u.s	PROPN
cblr-10943	89	5	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	89	6	662	662	NUM
cblr-10943	89	7	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	89	8	672	672	NUM
cblr-10943	89	9	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	89	10	2008	2008	NUM
cblr-10943	89	11	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	89	12	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	89	13	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	90	1	24	24	NUM
cblr-10943	91	1	i	i	PRON
cblr-10943	91	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cblr-10943	91	3	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	91	4	2001	2001	NUM
cblr-10943	91	5	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	92	1	25	25	NUM
cblr-10943	92	2	sanderson	sanderson	PROPN
cblr-10943	92	3	v.	v.	CCONJ
cblr-10943	92	4	hca	hca	PROPN
cblr-10943	92	5	-	-	PROPN
cblr-10943	92	6	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	92	7	healthcare	healthcare	PROPN
cblr-10943	92	8	co.	co.	PROPN
cblr-10943	92	9	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	92	10	447	447	NUM
cblr-10943	92	11	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cblr-10943	92	12	873	873	NUM
cblr-10943	92	13	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	92	14	877–78	877–78	NOUN
cblr-10943	92	15	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	92	16	6th	6th	ADJ
cblr-10943	92	17	cir	cir	NOUN
cblr-10943	92	18	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	92	19	2006	2006	NUM
cblr-10943	92	20	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	92	21	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	92	22	quoting	quote	VERB
cblr-10943	92	23	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	92	24	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	92	25	v.	v.	ADP
cblr-10943	92	26	rivera	rivera	PROPN
cblr-10943	92	27	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	92	28	55	55	NUM
cblr-10943	92	29	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cblr-10943	92	30	703	703	NUM
cblr-10943	92	31	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	92	32	709	709	NUM
cblr-10943	92	33	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	92	34	1st	1st	ADJ
cblr-10943	92	35	cir	cir	NOUN
cblr-10943	92	36	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	92	37	1995	1995	NUM
cblr-10943	92	38	)	)	PUNCT
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cblr-10943	92	40	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	93	1	26	26	NUM
cblr-10943	93	2	doj	doj	PROPN
cblr-10943	93	3	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	93	4	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	93	5	statistics	statistic	NOUN
cblr-10943	93	6	—	—	PUNCT
cblr-10943	93	7	overview	overview	NOUN
cblr-10943	93	8	:	:	PUNCT
cblr-10943	93	9	october	october	PROPN
cblr-10943	93	10	1	1	NUM
cblr-10943	93	11	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	93	12	1986	1986	NUM
cblr-10943	93	13	–	–	PUNCT
cblr-10943	93	14	september	september	PROPN
cblr-10943	93	15	30	30	NUM
cblr-10943	93	16	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	93	17	2018	2018	NUM
cblr-10943	93	18	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	93	19	u.s	u.s	PROPN
cblr-10943	93	20	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	93	21	dep’t	dep’t	NOUN
cblr-10943	93	22	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	93	23	just	just	ADV
cblr-10943	93	24	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	94	1	1–3	1–3	NUM
cblr-10943	94	2	,	,	PUNCT
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cblr-10943	95	1	[	[	X
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cblr-10943	95	4	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	95	5	last	last	ADV
cblr-10943	95	6	visited	visit	VERB
cblr-10943	95	7	sep	sep	PROPN
cblr-10943	95	8	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	95	9	1	1	NUM
cblr-10943	95	10	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	95	11	2022	2022	NUM
cblr-10943	95	12	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	95	13	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	96	1	27	27	NUM
cblr-10943	96	2	31	31	NUM
cblr-10943	96	3	u.s.c	u.s.c	NOUN
cblr-10943	96	4	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	97	1	§	§	PROPN
cblr-10943	97	2	3730(d	3730(d	NUM
cblr-10943	97	3	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	97	4	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	98	1	28	28	NUM
cblr-10943	98	2	31	31	NUM
cblr-10943	98	3	u.s.c	u.s.c	NOUN
cblr-10943	98	4	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	99	1	§	§	PROPN
cblr-10943	99	2	3730(b	3730(b	NUM
cblr-10943	99	3	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	99	4	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	100	1	1000	1000	NUM
cblr-10943	100	2	columbia	columbia	PROPN
cblr-10943	100	3	business	business	NOUN
cblr-10943	100	4	law	law	PROPN
cblr-10943	100	5	review	review	NOUN
cblr-10943	100	6	[	[	X
cblr-10943	100	7	vol	vol	NOUN
cblr-10943	100	8	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	100	9	2022	2022	NUM
cblr-10943	100	10	intervene	intervene	VERB
cblr-10943	100	11	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	100	12	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	100	13	action	action	NOUN
cblr-10943	100	14	by	by	ADP
cblr-10943	100	15	taking	take	VERB
cblr-10943	100	16	over	over	ADP
cblr-10943	100	17	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	100	18	case	case	NOUN
cblr-10943	100	19	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	100	20	either	either	CCONJ
cblr-10943	100	21	litigating	litigate	VERB
cblr-10943	100	22	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	100	23	matter	matter	NOUN
cblr-10943	100	24	itself	itself	PRON
cblr-10943	100	25	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	100	26	dismissing	dismiss	VERB
cblr-10943	100	27	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	100	28	case	case	NOUN
cblr-10943	100	29	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	100	30	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	100	31	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	100	32	court	court	NOUN
cblr-10943	100	33	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	100	34	approval.29	approval.29	NOUN
cblr-10943	100	35	if	if	SCONJ
cblr-10943	100	36	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	100	37	plaintiff	plaintiff	NOUN
cblr-10943	100	38	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	100	39	able	able	ADJ
cblr-10943	100	40	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	100	41	prevail	prevail	VERB
cblr-10943	100	42	on	on	ADP
cblr-10943	100	43	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	100	44	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	100	45	claim	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	100	46	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	100	47	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	100	48	liable	liable	ADJ
cblr-10943	100	49	parties	party	NOUN
cblr-10943	100	50	must	must	AUX
cblr-10943	100	51	pay	pay	VERB
cblr-10943	100	52	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	100	53	statutory	statutory	ADJ
cblr-10943	100	54	cash	cash	NOUN
cblr-10943	100	55	penalty	penalty	NOUN
cblr-10943	100	56	between	between	ADP
cblr-10943	100	57	$	$	SYM
cblr-10943	100	58	5,000	5,000	NUM
cblr-10943	100	59	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	100	60	$	$	SYM
cblr-10943	100	61	10,000	10,000	NUM
cblr-10943	100	62	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	100	63	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	100	64	more	more	ADV
cblr-10943	100	65	significantly	significantly	ADV
cblr-10943	100	66	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	100	67	mandatory	mandatory	ADJ
cblr-10943	100	68	treble	treble	ADJ
cblr-10943	100	69	damages	damage	NOUN
cblr-10943	100	70	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	100	71	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	100	72	amount	amount	NOUN
cblr-10943	100	73	fraudulently	fraudulently	ADV
cblr-10943	100	74	acquired	acquire	VERB
cblr-10943	100	75	from	from	ADP
cblr-10943	100	76	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	100	77	government.30	government.30	PROPN
cblr-10943	100	78	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	100	79	enforcement	enforcement	NOUN
cblr-10943	100	80	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	100	81	mandatory	mandatory	ADJ
cblr-10943	100	82	treble	treble	ADJ
cblr-10943	100	83	damages	damage	NOUN
cblr-10943	100	84	has	have	VERB
cblr-10943	100	85	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	100	86	noticeably	noticeably	ADV
cblr-10943	100	87	punitive	punitive	ADJ
cblr-10943	100	88	effect	effect	NOUN
cblr-10943	100	89	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	100	90	especially	especially	ADV
cblr-10943	100	91	considering	consider	VERB
cblr-10943	100	92	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	100	93	qui	qui	X
cblr-10943	100	94	tam	tam	PROPN
cblr-10943	100	95	actions	action	NOUN
cblr-10943	100	96	are	be	AUX
cblr-10943	100	97	civil	civil	ADJ
cblr-10943	100	98	suits	suit	NOUN
cblr-10943	100	99	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	100	100	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	100	101	criminal	criminal	ADJ
cblr-10943	100	102	suits.31	suits.31	NOUN
cblr-10943	100	103	some	some	DET
cblr-10943	100	104	commentators	commentator	NOUN
cblr-10943	100	105	have	have	AUX
cblr-10943	100	106	argued	argue	VERB
cblr-10943	100	107	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	100	108	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	100	109	sort	sort	NOUN
cblr-10943	100	110	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	100	111	punitive	punitive	ADJ
cblr-10943	100	112	regime	regime	NOUN
cblr-10943	100	113	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	100	114	unsuitable	unsuitable	ADJ
cblr-10943	100	115	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	100	116	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	100	117	business	business	NOUN
cblr-10943	100	118	setting	setting	NOUN
cblr-10943	100	119	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	100	120	claiming	claim	VERB
cblr-10943	100	121	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	100	122	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	100	123	lowered	lower	VERB
cblr-10943	100	124	evidentiary	evidentiary	NOUN
cblr-10943	100	125	bar	bar	NOUN
cblr-10943	100	126	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	100	127	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	100	128	civil	civil	ADJ
cblr-10943	100	129	proceeding	proceeding	NOUN
cblr-10943	100	130	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	100	131	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	100	132	conjunction	conjunction	NOUN
cblr-10943	100	133	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	100	134	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	100	135	mandated	mandate	VERB
cblr-10943	100	136	treble	treble	ADJ
cblr-10943	100	137	damages	damage	NOUN
cblr-10943	100	138	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	100	139	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	100	140	presence	presence	NOUN
cblr-10943	100	141	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	100	142	self	self	NOUN
cblr-10943	100	143	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	100	144	interested	interested	ADJ
cblr-10943	100	145	parties	party	NOUN
cblr-10943	100	146	bringing	bring	VERB
cblr-10943	100	147	qui	qui	X
cblr-10943	100	148	tam	tam	PROPN
cblr-10943	100	149	actions	action	NOUN
cblr-10943	100	150	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	100	151	leads	lead	VERB
cblr-10943	100	152	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	100	153	tremendous	tremendous	ADJ
cblr-10943	100	154	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN
cblr-10943	100	155	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	100	156	risk	risk	NOUN
cblr-10943	100	157	regarding	regard	VERB
cblr-10943	100	158	potential	potential	ADJ
cblr-10943	100	159	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	100	160	liability.32	liability.32	PROPN
cblr-10943	100	161	iii	iii	PROPN
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cblr-10943	101	1	legal	legal	ADJ
cblr-10943	101	2	background	background	NOUN
cblr-10943	101	3	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	101	4	order	order	NOUN
cblr-10943	101	5	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	101	6	successfully	successfully	ADV
cblr-10943	101	7	bring	bring	VERB
cblr-10943	101	8	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	101	9	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	101	10	claim	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	101	11	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	101	12	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	101	13	plaintiff	plaintiff	NOUN
cblr-10943	101	14	must	must	AUX
cblr-10943	101	15	prove	prove	VERB
cblr-10943	101	16	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	101	17	four	four	NUM
cblr-10943	101	18	elements	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	101	19	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	101	20	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	101	21	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	101	22	causation	causation	NOUN
cblr-10943	101	23	,	,	PUNCT
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cblr-10943	101	25	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	101	26	29	29	NUM
cblr-10943	101	27	i	i	PRON
cblr-10943	101	28	d.	d.	PROPN
cblr-10943	101	29	30	30	NUM
cblr-10943	102	1	i	i	PRON
cblr-10943	102	2	d.	d.	PROPN
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cblr-10943	102	4	3729(a)(1	3729(a)(1	NUM
cblr-10943	102	5	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	102	6	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	103	1	31	31	NUM
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cblr-10943	105	1	v.	v.	PROPN
cblr-10943	105	2	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	105	3	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	105	4	ex	ex	PROPN
cblr-10943	105	5	rel	rel	PROPN
cblr-10943	105	6	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	105	7	stevens	stevens	PROPN
cblr-10943	105	8	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	105	9	529	529	NUM
cblr-10943	105	10	u.s	u.s	PROPN
cblr-10943	105	11	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	105	12	765	765	NUM
cblr-10943	105	13	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	105	14	784	784	NUM
cblr-10943	105	15	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	105	16	2000	2000	NUM
cblr-10943	105	17	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	105	18	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	105	19	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	106	1	[	[	X
cblr-10943	106	2	t]he	t]he	ADV
cblr-10943	106	3	current	current	ADJ
cblr-10943	106	4	version	version	NOUN
cblr-10943	106	5	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	106	6	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	106	7	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	106	8	imposes	impose	VERB
cblr-10943	106	9	damages	damage	NOUN
cblr-10943	106	10	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	106	11	are	be	AUX
cblr-10943	106	12	essentially	essentially	ADV
cblr-10943	106	13	punitive	punitive	ADJ
cblr-10943	106	14	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	106	15	nature	nature	NOUN
cblr-10943	106	16	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	106	17	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	106	18	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	106	19	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	107	1	32	32	NUM
cblr-10943	107	2	see	see	VERB
cblr-10943	107	3	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	107	4	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
cblr-10943	107	5	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	107	6	stephanie	stephanie	PROPN
cblr-10943	107	7	l.	l.	PROPN
cblr-10943	107	8	trunk	trunk	PROPN
cblr-10943	107	9	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	107	10	sounding	sound	VERB
cblr-10943	107	11	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	107	12	death	death	NOUN
cblr-10943	107	13	toll	toll	NOUN
cblr-10943	107	14	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	107	15	health	health	NOUN
cblr-10943	107	16	care	care	NOUN
cblr-10943	107	17	providers	provider	NOUN
cblr-10943	107	18	:	:	PUNCT
cblr-10943	107	19	how	how	SCONJ
cblr-10943	107	20	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	107	21	civil	civil	ADJ
cblr-10943	107	22	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	107	23	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	107	24	act	act	NOUN
cblr-10943	107	25	has	have	VERB
cblr-10943	107	26	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	107	27	punitive	punitive	ADJ
cblr-10943	107	28	effect	effect	NOUN
cblr-10943	107	29	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	107	30	why	why	SCONJ
cblr-10943	107	31	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	107	32	act	act	NOUN
cblr-10943	107	33	warrants	warrant	VERB
cblr-10943	107	34	reform	reform	NOUN
cblr-10943	107	35	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	107	36	its	its	PRON
cblr-10943	107	37	damages	damage	NOUN
cblr-10943	107	38	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	107	39	penalties	penalty	NOUN
cblr-10943	107	40	provision	provision	NOUN
cblr-10943	107	41	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	107	42	71	71	NUM
cblr-10943	107	43	geo	geo	PROPN
cblr-10943	107	44	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	107	45	wash	wash	PROPN
cblr-10943	107	46	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	108	1	l.	l.	PROPN
cblr-10943	108	2	rev	rev	PROPN
cblr-10943	108	3	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	108	4	159	159	NUM
cblr-10943	108	5	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	108	6	177	177	NUM
cblr-10943	108	7	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	108	8	2003	2003	NUM
cblr-10943	108	9	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	108	10	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	108	11	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	108	12	unless	unless	SCONJ
cblr-10943	108	13	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	108	14	cfca	cfca	NOUN
cblr-10943	108	15	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	108	16	amended	amend	VERB
cblr-10943	108	17	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	108	18	providers	provider	NOUN
cblr-10943	108	19	will	will	AUX
cblr-10943	108	20	continue	continue	VERB
cblr-10943	108	21	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	108	22	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	108	23	‘	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	108	24	bullied	bully	VERB
cblr-10943	108	25	’	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	108	26	into	into	ADP
cblr-10943	108	27	settlement	settlement	NOUN
cblr-10943	108	28	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	108	29	fearing	fear	VERB
cblr-10943	108	30	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	108	31	death	death	NOUN
cblr-10943	108	32	toll	toll	NOUN
cblr-10943	108	33	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	108	34	medicare	medicare	PROPN
cblr-10943	108	35	exclusion	exclusion	NOUN
cblr-10943	108	36	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	108	37	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	108	38	they	they	PRON
cblr-10943	108	39	will	will	AUX
cblr-10943	108	40	continue	continue	VERB
cblr-10943	108	41	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	108	42	aggressively	aggressively	ADV
cblr-10943	108	43	challenge	challenge	VERB
cblr-10943	108	44	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	108	45	harshness	harshness	NOUN
cblr-10943	108	46	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	108	47	cfca	cfca	NOUN
cblr-10943	108	48	fines	fine	NOUN
cblr-10943	108	49	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	108	50	penalties	penalty	NOUN
cblr-10943	108	51	under	under	ADP
cblr-10943	108	52	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	108	53	excessive	excessive	ADJ
cblr-10943	108	54	fines	fine	NOUN
cblr-10943	108	55	clause	clause	NOUN
cblr-10943	108	56	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	108	57	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	108	58	eighth	eighth	ADJ
cblr-10943	108	59	amendment	amendment	NOUN
cblr-10943	108	60	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	108	61	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	108	62	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	108	63	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	108	64	christopher	christopher	PROPN
cblr-10943	108	65	l.	l.	PROPN
cblr-10943	108	66	martin	martin	PROPN
cblr-10943	108	67	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	108	68	jr	jr	PROPN
cblr-10943	108	69	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	108	70	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	108	71	reining	rein	VERB
cblr-10943	108	72	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	108	73	lincoln	lincoln	NOUN
cblr-10943	108	74	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	108	75	law	law	NOUN
cblr-10943	108	76	:	:	PUNCT
cblr-10943	108	77	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	108	78	call	call	NOUN
cblr-10943	108	79	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	108	80	limit	limit	VERB
cblr-10943	108	81	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	108	82	implied	imply	VERB
cblr-10943	108	83	certification	certification	NOUN
cblr-10943	108	84	theory	theory	NOUN
cblr-10943	108	85	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	108	86	liability	liability	NOUN
cblr-10943	108	87	under	under	ADP
cblr-10943	108	88	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	108	89	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	108	90	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	108	91	act	act	PROPN
cblr-10943	108	92	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	108	93	101	101	NUM
cblr-10943	108	94	cal	cal	NOUN
cblr-10943	108	95	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	109	1	l.	l.	PROPN
cblr-10943	109	2	rev	rev	PROPN
cblr-10943	109	3	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	109	4	227	227	NUM
cblr-10943	109	5	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	109	6	231	231	NUM
cblr-10943	109	7	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	109	8	2013	2013	NUM
cblr-10943	109	9	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	109	10	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	109	11	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	109	12	however	however	ADV
cblr-10943	109	13	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	109	14	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	109	15	several	several	ADJ
cblr-10943	109	16	reasons	reason	NOUN
cblr-10943	109	17	—	—	PUNCT
cblr-10943	109	18	chief	chief	NOUN
cblr-10943	109	19	among	among	ADP
cblr-10943	109	20	them	they	PRON
cblr-10943	109	21	contractor	contractor	NOUN
cblr-10943	109	22	competence	competence	NOUN
cblr-10943	109	23	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	109	24	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	109	25	adhesive	adhesive	ADJ
cblr-10943	109	26	nature	nature	NOUN
cblr-10943	109	27	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	109	28	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	109	29	contracts	contract	NOUN
cblr-10943	109	30	—	—	PUNCT
cblr-10943	109	31	businesses	business	NOUN
cblr-10943	109	32	entering	enter	VERB
cblr-10943	109	33	into	into	ADP
cblr-10943	109	34	procurement	procurement	NOUN
cblr-10943	109	35	contracts	contract	NOUN
cblr-10943	109	36	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	109	37	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	109	38	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	109	39	often	often	ADV
cblr-10943	109	40	fail	fail	VERB
cblr-10943	109	41	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	109	42	include	include	VERB
cblr-10943	109	43	provisions	provision	NOUN
cblr-10943	109	44	governing	govern	VERB
cblr-10943	109	45	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	109	46	extent	extent	NOUN
cblr-10943	109	47	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	109	48	which	which	PRON
cblr-10943	109	49	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	109	50	claim	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	109	51	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	109	52	payment	payment	NOUN
cblr-10943	109	53	impliedly	impliedly	ADV
cblr-10943	109	54	certifies	certify	VERB
cblr-10943	109	55	compliance	compliance	NOUN
cblr-10943	109	56	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	109	57	contractual	contractual	ADJ
cblr-10943	109	58	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	109	59	statutory	statutory	ADJ
cblr-10943	109	60	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	109	61	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	109	62	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
cblr-10943	109	63	provisions	provision	NOUN
cblr-10943	109	64	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	109	65	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	109	66	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	109	67	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	110	1	no	no	INTJ
cblr-10943	110	2	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	111	1	2:993	2:993	NUM
cblr-10943	111	2	]	]	PUNCT
cblr-10943	111	3	reconsidering	reconsider	VERB
cblr-10943	111	4	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	111	5	role	role	NOUN
cblr-10943	111	6	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	111	7	expert	expert	ADJ
cblr-10943	111	8	discretion	discretion	NOUN
cblr-10943	111	9	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	111	10	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	111	11	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	111	12	1001	1001	NUM
cblr-10943	111	13	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	111	14	materiality.33	materiality.33	NOUN
cblr-10943	111	15	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	111	16	note	note	NOUN
cblr-10943	111	17	primarily	primarily	ADV
cblr-10943	111	18	concerns	concern	VERB
cblr-10943	111	19	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	111	20	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	111	21	element	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	111	22	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	111	23	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	111	24	issues	issue	NOUN
cblr-10943	111	25	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	111	26	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	111	27	1	1	X
cblr-10943	111	28	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	111	29	whether	whether	SCONJ
cblr-10943	111	30	expert	expert	ADJ
cblr-10943	111	31	testimony	testimony	NOUN
cblr-10943	111	32	should	should	AUX
cblr-10943	111	33	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	111	34	able	able	ADJ
cblr-10943	111	35	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	111	36	satisfy	satisfy	VERB
cblr-10943	111	37	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	111	38	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	111	39	element	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	111	40	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	111	41	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	111	42	2	2	NUM
cblr-10943	111	43	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	111	44	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	111	45	what	what	DET
cblr-10943	111	46	degree	degree	NOUN
cblr-10943	111	47	one	one	PRON
cblr-10943	111	48	should	should	AUX
cblr-10943	111	49	distinguish	distinguish	VERB
cblr-10943	111	50	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	111	51	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	111	52	element	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	111	53	from	from	ADP
cblr-10943	111	54	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	111	55	scienter	scienter	NOUN
cblr-10943	111	56	element	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	111	57	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	112	1	a.	a.	NOUN
cblr-10943	112	2	falsity	falsity	PROPN
cblr-10943	112	3	&	&	CCONJ
cblr-10943	112	4	scienter	scienter	NOUN
cblr-10943	112	5	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	112	6	start	start	VERB
cblr-10943	112	7	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	112	8	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	112	9	statutory	statutory	ADJ
cblr-10943	112	10	language	language	NOUN
cblr-10943	112	11	defines	define	NOUN
cblr-10943	112	12	scienter	scienter	NOUN
cblr-10943	112	13	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	112	14	which	which	PRON
cblr-10943	112	15	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	112	16	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	112	17	refers	refer	VERB
cblr-10943	112	18	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	112	19	as	as	ADP
cblr-10943	112	20	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	112	21	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cblr-10943	112	22	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	112	23	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	112	24	relatively	relatively	ADV
cblr-10943	112	25	well	well	ADV
cblr-10943	112	26	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	113	1	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	113	2	party	party	NOUN
cblr-10943	113	3	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	113	4	acting	act	VERB
cblr-10943	113	5	knowingly	knowingly	ADV
cblr-10943	113	6	when	when	SCONJ
cblr-10943	113	7	they	they	PRON
cblr-10943	113	8	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	113	9	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	113	10	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	113	11	respect	respect	NOUN
cblr-10943	113	12	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	113	13	information	information	NOUN
cblr-10943	113	14	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	113	15	i	i	NOUN
cblr-10943	113	16	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	113	17	ha[ve	ha[ve	PROPN
cblr-10943	113	18	]	]	X
cblr-10943	113	19	actual	actual	ADJ
cblr-10943	113	20	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cblr-10943	113	21	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	113	22	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	113	23	information	information	NOUN
cblr-10943	113	24	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	113	25	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	113	26	ii	ii	NOUN
cblr-10943	113	27	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	113	28	act	act	PROPN
cblr-10943	113	29	[	[	X
cblr-10943	113	30	]	]	X
cblr-10943	113	31	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	113	32	deliberate	deliberate	ADJ
cblr-10943	113	33	ignorance	ignorance	NOUN
cblr-10943	113	34	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	113	35	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	113	36	truth	truth	NOUN
cblr-10943	113	37	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	113	38	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	113	39	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	113	40	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	113	41	information	information	NOUN
cblr-10943	113	42	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	113	43	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	113	44	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	113	45	iii	iii	X
cblr-10943	113	46	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	113	47	act	act	PROPN
cblr-10943	113	48	[	[	X
cblr-10943	113	49	]	]	X
cblr-10943	113	50	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	113	51	reckless	reckless	ADJ
cblr-10943	113	52	disregard	disregard	NOUN
cblr-10943	113	53	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	113	54	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	113	55	truth	truth	NOUN
cblr-10943	113	56	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	113	57	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	113	58	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	113	59	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	113	60	information	information	NOUN
cblr-10943	113	61	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	113	62	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	113	63	specific	specific	ADJ
cblr-10943	113	64	proof	proof	NOUN
cblr-10943	113	65	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	113	66	an	an	DET
cblr-10943	113	67	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	113	68	intent	intent	NOUN
cblr-10943	113	69	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	113	70	defraud	defraud	VERB
cblr-10943	113	71	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	113	72	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	113	73	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	113	74	required.34	required.34	NOUN
cblr-10943	113	75	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	113	76	comparison	comparison	NOUN
cblr-10943	113	77	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	113	78	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	113	79	statutory	statutory	ADJ
cblr-10943	113	80	language	language	NOUN
cblr-10943	113	81	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	113	82	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	113	83	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	113	84	does	do	AUX
cblr-10943	113	85	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	113	86	expressly	expressly	ADV
cblr-10943	113	87	define	define	VERB
cblr-10943	113	88	falsity.35	falsity.35	NOUN
cblr-10943	113	89	because	because	SCONJ
cblr-10943	113	90	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	113	91	this	this	PRON
cblr-10943	113	92	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	113	93	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	113	94	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	113	95	follows	follow	VERB
cblr-10943	113	96	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	113	97	common	common	ADJ
cblr-10943	113	98	law	law	NOUN
cblr-10943	113	99	definitions	definition	NOUN
cblr-10943	113	100	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	113	101	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	113	102	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	113	103	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	113	104	fraudulent	fraudulent	ADJ
cblr-10943	113	105	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	114	1	”36	”36	ADJ
cblr-10943	114	2	over	over	ADP
cblr-10943	114	3	time	time	NOUN
cblr-10943	114	4	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	114	5	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	114	6	case	case	NOUN
cblr-10943	114	7	law	law	NOUN
cblr-10943	114	8	has	have	AUX
cblr-10943	114	9	evolved	evolve	VERB
cblr-10943	114	10	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	114	11	define	define	VERB
cblr-10943	114	12	two	two	NUM
cblr-10943	114	13	categories	category	NOUN
cblr-10943	114	14	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	114	15	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	114	16	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	114	17	can	can	AUX
cblr-10943	114	18	satisfy	satisfy	VERB
cblr-10943	114	19	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	114	20	element	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	114	21	:	:	PUNCT
cblr-10943	114	22	factual	factual	ADJ
cblr-10943	114	23	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	114	24	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	114	25	legal	legal	ADJ
cblr-10943	114	26	falsity.37	falsity.37	NOUN
cblr-10943	114	27	factual	factual	ADJ
cblr-10943	114	28	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	114	29	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	114	30	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	114	31	more	more	ADV
cblr-10943	114	32	readily	readily	ADV
cblr-10943	114	33	understandable	understandable	ADJ
cblr-10943	114	34	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	114	35	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	114	36	two	two	NUM
cblr-10943	114	37	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	114	38	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	114	39	refers	refer	VERB
cblr-10943	114	40	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	114	41	when	when	SCONJ
cblr-10943	114	42	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	114	43	facts	fact	NOUN
cblr-10943	114	44	surrounding	surround	VERB
cblr-10943	114	45	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	114	46	submission	submission	NOUN
cblr-10943	114	47	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	114	48	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	114	49	claim	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	114	50	are	be	AUX
cblr-10943	114	51	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	114	52	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	114	53	such	such	ADJ
cblr-10943	114	54	as	as	ADP
cblr-10943	114	55	an	an	DET
cblr-10943	114	56	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	114	57	incorrect	incorrect	ADJ
cblr-10943	114	58	description	description	NOUN
cblr-10943	114	59	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	114	60	goods	good	NOUN
cblr-10943	114	61	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	114	62	services	service	NOUN
cblr-10943	114	63	provided	provide	VERB
cblr-10943	114	64	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	114	65	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	114	66	request	request	NOUN
cblr-10943	114	67	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	114	68	reimbursement	reimbursement	NOUN
cblr-10943	114	69	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	114	70	goods	good	NOUN
cblr-10943	114	71	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	114	72	services	service	NOUN
cblr-10943	114	73	never	never	ADV
cblr-10943	114	74	provided	provide	VERB
cblr-10943	114	75	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	115	1	”38	”38	NOUN
cblr-10943	115	2	discrepancies	discrepancy	NOUN
cblr-10943	115	3	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	115	4	are	be	AUX
cblr-10943	115	5	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	115	6	result	result	NOUN
cblr-10943	115	7	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	115	8	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	115	9	innocent	innocent	ADJ
cblr-10943	115	10	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	115	11	error	error	NOUN
cblr-10943	115	12	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	115	13	as	as	SCONJ
cblr-10943	115	14	opposed	oppose	VERB
cblr-10943	115	15	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	115	16	intentional	intentional	ADJ
cblr-10943	115	17	lies	lie	NOUN
cblr-10943	115	18	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	115	19	are	be	AUX
cblr-10943	115	20	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	115	21	33	33	NUM
cblr-10943	115	22	see	see	NOUN
cblr-10943	115	23	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	115	24	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	115	25	ex	ex	PROPN
cblr-10943	115	26	rel	rel	PROPN
cblr-10943	115	27	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	116	1	petratos	petratos	PROPN
cblr-10943	116	2	v.	v.	ADP
cblr-10943	116	3	genentech	genentech	PROPN
cblr-10943	116	4	inc	inc	PROPN
cblr-10943	116	5	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	116	6	855	855	NUM
cblr-10943	116	7	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cblr-10943	116	8	481	481	NUM
cblr-10943	116	9	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	116	10	487	487	NUM
cblr-10943	116	11	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	116	12	3d	3d	NUM
cblr-10943	116	13	cir	cir	NOUN
cblr-10943	116	14	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	116	15	2017	2017	NUM
cblr-10943	116	16	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	116	17	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	116	18	defining	define	VERB
cblr-10943	116	19	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	116	20	four	four	NUM
cblr-10943	116	21	elements	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	116	22	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	116	23	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	116	24	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	116	25	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	116	26	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	117	1	34	34	NUM
cblr-10943	117	2	31	31	NUM
cblr-10943	117	3	u.s.c	u.s.c	NOUN
cblr-10943	117	4	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	118	1	§	§	PROPN
cblr-10943	118	2	3729(b)(1	3729(b)(1	NUM
cblr-10943	118	3	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	118	4	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	119	1	35	35	NUM
cblr-10943	119	2	31	31	NUM
cblr-10943	119	3	u.s.c	u.s.c	NOUN
cblr-10943	119	4	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	120	1	§	§	PROPN
cblr-10943	120	2	3729	3729	NUM
cblr-10943	120	3	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	121	1	36	36	NUM
cblr-10943	121	2	see	see	VERB
cblr-10943	121	3	winter	winter	NOUN
cblr-10943	121	4	ex	ex	NOUN
cblr-10943	121	5	rel	rel	PROPN
cblr-10943	121	6	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	122	1	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	122	2	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	122	3	v.	v.	PROPN
cblr-10943	122	4	gardens	gardens	PROPN
cblr-10943	122	5	reg’l	reg’l	NUM
cblr-10943	122	6	hosp	hosp	PROPN
cblr-10943	122	7	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	122	8	&	&	CCONJ
cblr-10943	122	9	med	med	PROPN
cblr-10943	122	10	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	122	11	ctr	ctr	PROPN
cblr-10943	122	12	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	122	13	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	122	14	inc	inc	PROPN
cblr-10943	122	15	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	122	16	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	122	17	953	953	NUM
cblr-10943	122	18	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cblr-10943	122	19	1108	1108	NUM
cblr-10943	122	20	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	122	21	1117	1117	NUM
cblr-10943	122	22	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	122	23	9th	9th	ADJ
cblr-10943	122	24	cir	cir	NOUN
cblr-10943	122	25	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	122	26	2020	2020	NUM
cblr-10943	122	27	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	122	28	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	122	29	describing	describe	VERB
cblr-10943	122	30	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	122	31	definition	definition	NOUN
cblr-10943	122	32	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	122	33	common	common	ADJ
cblr-10943	122	34	law	law	NOUN
cblr-10943	122	35	fraudulence	fraudulence	NOUN
cblr-10943	122	36	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	122	37	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	123	1	37	37	NUM
cblr-10943	123	2	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	123	3	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	123	4	ex	ex	PROPN
cblr-10943	123	5	rel	rel	PROPN
cblr-10943	123	6	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	124	1	lemmon	lemmon	PROPN
cblr-10943	124	2	v.	v.	ADP
cblr-10943	124	3	envirocare	envirocare	PROPN
cblr-10943	124	4	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	124	5	utah	utah	PROPN
cblr-10943	124	6	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	124	7	inc	inc	PROPN
cblr-10943	124	8	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	124	9	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	124	10	614	614	NUM
cblr-10943	124	11	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cblr-10943	124	12	1163	1163	NUM
cblr-10943	124	13	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	124	14	1168	1168	NUM
cblr-10943	124	15	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	124	16	10th	10th	ADJ
cblr-10943	124	17	cir	cir	NOUN
cblr-10943	124	18	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	124	19	2010	2010	NUM
cblr-10943	124	20	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	124	21	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	124	22	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	124	23	under	under	ADP
cblr-10943	124	24	§	§	PROPN
cblr-10943	124	25	3729(a	3729(a	NUM
cblr-10943	124	26	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	124	27	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	124	28	liability	liability	NOUN
cblr-10943	124	29	can	can	AUX
cblr-10943	124	30	attach	attach	VERB
cblr-10943	124	31	when	when	SCONJ
cblr-10943	124	32	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	124	33	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	124	34	payee	payee	NOUN
cblr-10943	124	35	submits	submit	VERB
cblr-10943	124	36	either	either	CCONJ
cblr-10943	124	37	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	124	38	legally	legally	ADV
cblr-10943	124	39	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	124	40	factually	factually	ADV
cblr-10943	124	41	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	124	42	request	request	NOUN
cblr-10943	124	43	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	124	44	payment	payment	NOUN
cblr-10943	124	45	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	124	46	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	124	47	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	124	48	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	125	1	38	38	NUM
cblr-10943	125	2	i	i	PROPN
cblr-10943	125	3	d.	d.	PROPN
cblr-10943	125	4	1002	1002	NUM
cblr-10943	125	5	columbia	columbia	PROPN
cblr-10943	125	6	business	business	NOUN
cblr-10943	125	7	law	law	PROPN
cblr-10943	125	8	review	review	NOUN
cblr-10943	125	9	[	[	X
cblr-10943	125	10	vol	vol	NOUN
cblr-10943	125	11	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	125	12	2022	2022	NUM
cblr-10943	125	13	actionable	actionable	ADJ
cblr-10943	125	14	under	under	ADP
cblr-10943	125	15	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	125	16	fca.39	fca.39	NOUN
cblr-10943	125	17	however	however	ADV
cblr-10943	125	18	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	125	19	errors	error	NOUN
cblr-10943	125	20	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	125	21	are	be	AUX
cblr-10943	125	22	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	125	23	result	result	NOUN
cblr-10943	125	24	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	125	25	reckless	reckless	ADJ
cblr-10943	125	26	disregard	disregard	NOUN
cblr-10943	125	27	are	be	AUX
cblr-10943	125	28	still	still	ADV
cblr-10943	125	29	able	able	ADJ
cblr-10943	125	30	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	125	31	satisfy	satisfy	VERB
cblr-10943	125	32	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	125	33	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	125	34	element	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	125	35	by	by	ADP
cblr-10943	125	36	themselves	themselves	PRON
cblr-10943	125	37	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	125	38	some	some	DET
cblr-10943	125	39	federal	federal	ADJ
cblr-10943	125	40	jurisdictions.40	jurisdictions.40	PROPN
cblr-10943	125	41	legal	legal	ADJ
cblr-10943	125	42	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	125	43	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	125	44	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	125	45	contrast	contrast	NOUN
cblr-10943	125	46	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	125	47	refers	refer	VERB
cblr-10943	125	48	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	125	49	falsifying	falsify	VERB
cblr-10943	125	50	compliance	compliance	NOUN
cblr-10943	125	51	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	125	52	statutory	statutory	ADJ
cblr-10943	125	53	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	125	54	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
cblr-10943	125	55	terms	term	NOUN
cblr-10943	125	56	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	125	57	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	125	58	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	125	59	contract.41	contract.41	NOUN
cblr-10943	125	60	under	under	ADP
cblr-10943	125	61	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	125	62	express	express	ADJ
cblr-10943	125	63	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	125	64	certification	certification	NOUN
cblr-10943	125	65	theory	theory	NOUN
cblr-10943	125	66	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	125	67	legal	legal	ADJ
cblr-10943	125	68	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	125	69	can	can	AUX
cblr-10943	125	70	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	125	71	found	find	VERB
cblr-10943	125	72	where	where	SCONJ
cblr-10943	125	73	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	125	74	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	125	75	has	have	AUX
cblr-10943	125	76	required	require	VERB
cblr-10943	125	77	specific	specific	ADJ
cblr-10943	125	78	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	125	79	conditions	condition	NOUN
cblr-10943	125	80	as	as	ADP
cblr-10943	125	81	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	125	82	prerequisite	prerequisite	NOUN
cblr-10943	125	83	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	125	84	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	125	85	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	125	86	benefit	benefit	NOUN
cblr-10943	125	87	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	125	88	payment	payment	NOUN
cblr-10943	125	89	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	125	90	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	125	91	program	program	NOUN
cblr-10943	125	92	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	125	93	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	125	94	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	125	95	defendant	defendant	NOUN
cblr-10943	125	96	has	have	AUX
cblr-10943	125	97	expressly	expressly	ADV
cblr-10943	125	98	certified	certify	VERB
cblr-10943	125	99	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	125	100	compliance	compliance	NOUN
cblr-10943	125	101	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	125	102	receive	receive	VERB
cblr-10943	125	103	compensation	compensation	NOUN
cblr-10943	125	104	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	125	105	despite	despite	SCONJ
cblr-10943	125	106	knowingly	knowingly	ADV
cblr-10943	125	107	failing	fail	VERB
cblr-10943	125	108	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	125	109	meet	meet	VERB
cblr-10943	125	110	those	those	DET
cblr-10943	125	111	conditions.42	conditions.42	NOUN
cblr-10943	125	112	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	125	113	presence	presence	NOUN
cblr-10943	125	114	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	125	115	however	however	ADV
cblr-10943	125	116	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	125	117	direct	direct	ADJ
cblr-10943	125	118	misrepresentation	misrepresentation	NOUN
cblr-10943	125	119	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	125	120	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	125	121	federal	federal	ADJ
cblr-10943	125	122	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	125	123	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	125	124	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	125	125	necessarily	necessarily	ADV
cblr-10943	125	126	required	require	VERB
cblr-10943	125	127	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	125	128	find	find	VERB
cblr-10943	125	129	legal	legal	ADJ
cblr-10943	125	130	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	125	131	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	126	1	under	under	ADP
cblr-10943	126	2	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	126	3	implied	imply	VERB
cblr-10943	126	4	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	126	5	certification	certification	NOUN
cblr-10943	126	6	theory	theory	NOUN
cblr-10943	126	7	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	126	8	legal	legal	ADJ
cblr-10943	126	9	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	126	10	can	can	AUX
cblr-10943	126	11	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	126	12	found	find	VERB
cblr-10943	126	13	when	when	SCONJ
cblr-10943	126	14	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	126	15	defendant	defendant	NOUN
cblr-10943	126	16	fails	fail	VERB
cblr-10943	126	17	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	126	18	disclose	disclose	VERB
cblr-10943	126	19	their	their	PRON
cblr-10943	126	20	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	126	21	violation	violation	NOUN
cblr-10943	126	22	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	126	23	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	126	24	material	material	NOUN
cblr-10943	126	25	statutory	statutory	ADJ
cblr-10943	126	26	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	126	27	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
cblr-10943	126	28	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	126	29	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	126	30	contractual	contractual	ADJ
cblr-10943	126	31	requirement	requirement	NOUN
cblr-10943	126	32	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	126	33	despite	despite	SCONJ
cblr-10943	126	34	39	39	NUM
cblr-10943	126	35	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	126	36	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	126	37	ex	ex	PROPN
cblr-10943	126	38	rel	rel	PROPN
cblr-10943	126	39	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	127	1	yannacopoulos	yannacopoulos	PROPN
cblr-10943	127	2	v.	v.	CCONJ
cblr-10943	127	3	gen	gen	PROPN
cblr-10943	127	4	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	127	5	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
cblr-10943	127	6	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	127	7	652	652	NUM
cblr-10943	127	8	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cblr-10943	127	9	818	818	NUM
cblr-10943	127	10	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	127	11	832	832	NUM
cblr-10943	127	12	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	127	13	7th	7th	ADJ
cblr-10943	127	14	cir	cir	NOUN
cblr-10943	127	15	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	127	16	2011	2011	NUM
cblr-10943	127	17	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	128	1	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	128	2	describing	describe	VERB
cblr-10943	128	3	what	what	PRON
cblr-10943	128	4	types	type	NOUN
cblr-10943	128	5	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	128	6	factually	factually	ADV
cblr-10943	128	7	inaccurate	inaccurate	ADJ
cblr-10943	128	8	statements	statement	NOUN
cblr-10943	128	9	are	be	AUX
cblr-10943	128	10	actionable	actionable	ADJ
cblr-10943	128	11	under	under	ADP
cblr-10943	128	12	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	128	13	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	128	14	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	128	15	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	128	16	see	see	VERB
cblr-10943	128	17	also	also	ADV
cblr-10943	128	18	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	128	19	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	128	20	ex	ex	PROPN
cblr-10943	128	21	rel	rel	PROPN
cblr-10943	128	22	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	129	1	riley	riley	PROPN
cblr-10943	129	2	v.	v.	PROPN
cblr-10943	129	3	st	st	PROPN
cblr-10943	129	4	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	129	5	luke	luke	PROPN
cblr-10943	129	6	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	129	7	episcopal	episcopal	NOUN
cblr-10943	129	8	hosp	hosp	PROPN
cblr-10943	129	9	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	129	10	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	129	11	355	355	NUM
cblr-10943	129	12	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cblr-10943	129	13	370	370	NUM
cblr-10943	129	14	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	129	15	376	376	NUM
cblr-10943	129	16	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	129	17	5th	5th	ADJ
cblr-10943	129	18	cir	cir	NOUN
cblr-10943	129	19	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	129	20	2004	2004	NUM
cblr-10943	129	21	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	129	22	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	129	23	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	129	24	[	[	X
cblr-10943	129	25	t]he	t]he	ADJ
cblr-10943	129	26	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	129	27	requires	require	VERB
cblr-10943	129	28	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	129	29	statement	statement	NOUN
cblr-10943	129	30	known	know	VERB
cblr-10943	129	31	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	129	32	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	129	33	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	129	34	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	129	35	which	which	PRON
cblr-10943	129	36	means	mean	VERB
cblr-10943	129	37	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	129	38	lie	lie	NOUN
cblr-10943	129	39	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	129	40	actionable	actionable	ADJ
cblr-10943	129	41	but	but	CCONJ
cblr-10943	129	42	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	129	43	an	an	DET
cblr-10943	129	44	error	error	NOUN
cblr-10943	129	45	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	129	46	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	129	47	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	129	48	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	130	1	40	40	NUM
cblr-10943	130	2	see	see	VERB
cblr-10943	130	3	31	31	NUM
cblr-10943	130	4	u.s.c	u.s.c	ADJ
cblr-10943	130	5	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	131	1	§	§	PROPN
cblr-10943	131	2	3729(b)(1)(a)(iii	3729(b)(1)(a)(iii	PROPN
cblr-10943	131	3	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	131	4	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	131	5	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	131	6	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	131	7	v.	v.	PROPN
cblr-10943	131	8	tdc	tdc	PROPN
cblr-10943	131	9	mgmt	mgmt	PROPN
cblr-10943	131	10	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	131	11	corp	corp	PROPN
cblr-10943	131	12	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	131	13	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	131	14	24	24	NUM
cblr-10943	131	15	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cblr-10943	131	16	292	292	NUM
cblr-10943	131	17	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	131	18	296	296	NUM
cblr-10943	131	19	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	131	20	d.c	d.c	PROPN
cblr-10943	131	21	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	131	22	cir	cir	PROPN
cblr-10943	131	23	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	131	24	1994	1994	NUM
cblr-10943	131	25	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	131	26	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	131	27	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	131	28	[	[	X
cblr-10943	131	29	t]he	t]he	ADJ
cblr-10943	131	30	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	131	31	need	need	AUX
cblr-10943	131	32	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	131	33	prove	prove	VERB
cblr-10943	131	34	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	131	35	[	[	X
cblr-10943	131	36	defendant	defendant	NOUN
cblr-10943	131	37	]	]	PUNCT
cblr-10943	131	38	had	have	VERB
cblr-10943	131	39	an	an	DET
cblr-10943	131	40	intent	intent	NOUN
cblr-10943	131	41	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	131	42	deceive	deceive	VERB
cblr-10943	131	43	when	when	SCONJ
cblr-10943	131	44	it	it	PRON
cblr-10943	131	45	knowingly	knowingly	ADV
cblr-10943	131	46	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	131	47	recklessly	recklessly	ADV
cblr-10943	131	48	made	make	VERB
cblr-10943	131	49	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	131	50	statements	statement	NOUN
cblr-10943	131	51	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	131	52	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	131	53	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	131	54	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	131	55	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	131	56	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	131	57	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	131	58	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	131	59	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	131	60	v.	v.	ADP
cblr-10943	131	61	medquest	medquest	PROPN
cblr-10943	131	62	assocs	assocs	PROPN
cblr-10943	131	63	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	131	64	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	131	65	inc	inc	PROPN
cblr-10943	131	66	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	131	67	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	131	68	702	702	NUM
cblr-10943	131	69	f.	f.	PROPN
cblr-10943	131	70	supp	supp	PROPN
cblr-10943	131	71	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	132	1	2d	2d	PROPN
cblr-10943	132	2	909	909	NUM
cblr-10943	132	3	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	132	4	917	917	NUM
cblr-10943	132	5	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	132	6	m.d	m.d	PROPN
cblr-10943	132	7	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	132	8	tenn	tenn	PROPN
cblr-10943	132	9	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	132	10	2010	2010	NUM
cblr-10943	132	11	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	132	12	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	132	13	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	132	14	reckless	reckless	ADJ
cblr-10943	132	15	disregard	disregard	NOUN
cblr-10943	132	16	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	132	17	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ
cblr-10943	132	18	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	132	19	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	132	20	liability	liability	NOUN
cblr-10943	132	21	because	because	SCONJ
cblr-10943	132	22	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	132	23	specific	specific	ADJ
cblr-10943	132	24	intent	intent	NOUN
cblr-10943	132	25	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	132	26	defraud	defraud	VERB
cblr-10943	132	27	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	132	28	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	132	29	required	require	VERB
cblr-10943	132	30	under	under	ADP
cblr-10943	132	31	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	132	32	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	132	33	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	132	34	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	132	35	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	132	36	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	133	1	41	41	NUM
cblr-10943	133	2	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	133	3	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	133	4	v.	v.	ADP
cblr-10943	133	5	care	care	NOUN
cblr-10943	133	6	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
cblr-10943	133	7	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	133	8	952	952	NUM
cblr-10943	133	9	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cblr-10943	133	10	89	89	NUM
cblr-10943	133	11	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	133	12	96	96	NUM
cblr-10943	133	13	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	133	14	3d	3d	NUM
cblr-10943	133	15	cir	cir	NOUN
cblr-10943	133	16	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	133	17	2020	2020	NUM
cblr-10943	133	18	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	133	19	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	133	20	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	133	21	[	[	X
cblr-10943	133	22	l]egal	l]egal	ADJ
cblr-10943	133	23	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	133	24	can	can	AUX
cblr-10943	133	25	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	133	26	express	express	ADJ
cblr-10943	133	27	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	133	28	such	such	ADJ
cblr-10943	133	29	as	as	ADP
cblr-10943	133	30	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	133	31	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	133	32	affirmative	affirmative	ADJ
cblr-10943	133	33	statement	statement	NOUN
cblr-10943	133	34	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	133	35	compliance	compliance	NOUN
cblr-10943	133	36	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	133	37	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	133	38	statutory	statutory	ADJ
cblr-10943	133	39	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	133	40	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
cblr-10943	133	41	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	133	42	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	133	43	contractual	contractual	ADJ
cblr-10943	133	44	prerequisite	prerequisite	NOUN
cblr-10943	133	45	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	133	46	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	133	47	it	it	PRON
cblr-10943	133	48	can	can	AUX
cblr-10943	133	49	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	133	50	implied	imply	VERB
cblr-10943	133	51	—	—	PUNCT
cblr-10943	133	52	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	133	53	instance	instance	NOUN
cblr-10943	133	54	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	133	55	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	133	56	absence	absence	NOUN
cblr-10943	133	57	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	133	58	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	133	59	material	material	NOUN
cblr-10943	133	60	disclosure	disclosure	NOUN
cblr-10943	133	61	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	133	62	would	would	AUX
cblr-10943	133	63	have	have	AUX
cblr-10943	133	64	prevented	prevent	VERB
cblr-10943	133	65	compliance	compliance	NOUN
cblr-10943	133	66	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	133	67	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	133	68	statutory	statutory	ADJ
cblr-10943	133	69	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	133	70	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
cblr-10943	133	71	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	133	72	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	133	73	contractual	contractual	ADJ
cblr-10943	133	74	prerequisite	prerequisite	NOUN
cblr-10943	133	75	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	133	76	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	133	77	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	133	78	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	134	1	42	42	NUM
cblr-10943	134	2	see	see	VERB
cblr-10943	134	3	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	134	4	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
cblr-10943	134	5	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	134	6	harrison	harrison	PROPN
cblr-10943	134	7	v.	v.	ADP
cblr-10943	134	8	westinghouse	westinghouse	PROPN
cblr-10943	134	9	savannah	savannah	PROPN
cblr-10943	134	10	river	river	PROPN
cblr-10943	134	11	co.	co.	PROPN
cblr-10943	134	12	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	134	13	176	176	NUM
cblr-10943	134	14	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cblr-10943	134	15	776	776	NUM
cblr-10943	134	16	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	134	17	786–87	786–87	NUM
cblr-10943	134	18	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	134	19	4th	4th	ADJ
cblr-10943	134	20	cir	cir	NOUN
cblr-10943	134	21	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	134	22	1999	1999	NUM
cblr-10943	134	23	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	134	24	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	134	25	describing	describe	VERB
cblr-10943	134	26	cases	case	NOUN
cblr-10943	134	27	where	where	SCONJ
cblr-10943	134	28	courts	court	NOUN
cblr-10943	134	29	have	have	AUX
cblr-10943	134	30	allowed	allow	VERB
cblr-10943	134	31	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	134	32	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	134	33	found	find	VERB
cblr-10943	134	34	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	134	35	certification	certification	NOUN
cblr-10943	134	36	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	134	37	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	134	38	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	134	39	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	134	40	ex	ex	PROPN
cblr-10943	134	41	rel	rel	PROPN
cblr-10943	134	42	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	135	1	thomas	thomas	PROPN
cblr-10943	136	1	v.	v.	PROPN
cblr-10943	136	2	black	black	PROPN
cblr-10943	136	3	&	&	CCONJ
cblr-10943	136	4	veatch	veatch	VERB
cblr-10943	136	5	special	special	ADJ
cblr-10943	136	6	projects	project	NOUN
cblr-10943	136	7	corp	corp	PROPN
cblr-10943	136	8	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	136	9	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	136	10	820	820	NUM
cblr-10943	136	11	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cblr-10943	136	12	1162	1162	NUM
cblr-10943	136	13	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	136	14	1169	1169	NUM
cblr-10943	136	15	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	136	16	10th	10th	ADJ
cblr-10943	136	17	cir	cir	NOUN
cblr-10943	136	18	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	136	19	2016	2016	NUM
cblr-10943	136	20	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	137	1	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	137	2	explaining	explain	VERB
cblr-10943	137	3	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	137	4	express	express	ADJ
cblr-10943	137	5	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	137	6	certification	certification	NOUN
cblr-10943	137	7	theory	theory	NOUN
cblr-10943	137	8	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	137	9	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	138	1	no	no	INTJ
cblr-10943	138	2	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	139	1	2:993	2:993	NUM
cblr-10943	139	2	]	]	PUNCT
cblr-10943	139	3	reconsidering	reconsider	VERB
cblr-10943	139	4	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	139	5	role	role	NOUN
cblr-10943	139	6	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	139	7	expert	expert	ADJ
cblr-10943	139	8	discretion	discretion	NOUN
cblr-10943	139	9	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	139	10	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	139	11	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	139	12	1003	1003	NUM
cblr-10943	139	13	submitting	submit	VERB
cblr-10943	139	14	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	139	15	claim	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	139	16	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	139	17	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	139	18	impliedly	impliedly	ADV
cblr-10943	139	19	certifies	certify	VERB
cblr-10943	139	20	compliance	compliance	NOUN
cblr-10943	139	21	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	139	22	all	all	DET
cblr-10943	139	23	conditions	condition	NOUN
cblr-10943	139	24	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	139	25	payment	payment	NOUN
cblr-10943	139	26	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	140	1	”43	”43	ADJ
cblr-10943	140	2	legal	legal	ADJ
cblr-10943	140	3	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	140	4	may	may	AUX
cblr-10943	140	5	satisfy	satisfy	VERB
cblr-10943	140	6	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	140	7	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	140	8	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	140	9	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	140	10	requirement	requirement	NOUN
cblr-10943	140	11	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	140	12	but	but	CCONJ
cblr-10943	140	13	this	this	PRON
cblr-10943	140	14	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	140	15	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	140	16	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	140	17	case	case	NOUN
cblr-10943	140	18	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	140	19	every	every	DET
cblr-10943	140	20	jurisdiction	jurisdiction	NOUN
cblr-10943	140	21	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	141	1	some	some	DET
cblr-10943	141	2	jurisdictions	jurisdiction	NOUN
cblr-10943	141	3	only	only	ADV
cblr-10943	141	4	allow	allow	VERB
cblr-10943	141	5	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	141	6	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	141	7	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	141	8	proven	prove	VERB
cblr-10943	141	9	through	through	ADP
cblr-10943	141	10	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	141	11	objective	objective	ADJ
cblr-10943	141	12	falsehoods	falsehood	NOUN
cblr-10943	141	13	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	141	14	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	141	15	which	which	PRON
cblr-10943	141	16	effectively	effectively	ADV
cblr-10943	141	17	necessitates	necessitate	VERB
cblr-10943	141	18	legal	legal	ADJ
cblr-10943	141	19	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	141	20	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	141	21	prove	prove	VERB
cblr-10943	141	22	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	141	23	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	141	24	element	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	141	25	as	as	ADP
cblr-10943	141	26	factual	factual	ADJ
cblr-10943	141	27	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	141	28	alone	alone	ADV
cblr-10943	141	29	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	141	30	insufficient.44	insufficient.44	NOUN
cblr-10943	141	31	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	141	32	example	example	NOUN
cblr-10943	141	33	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	141	34	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	141	35	seventh	seventh	ADJ
cblr-10943	141	36	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	141	37	has	have	AUX
cblr-10943	141	38	ruled	rule	VERB
cblr-10943	141	39	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	141	40	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	141	41	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	141	42	[	[	X
cblr-10943	141	43	a]lthough	a]lthough	SCONJ
cblr-10943	141	44	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	141	45	breached	breach	VERB
cblr-10943	141	46	contractual	contractual	ADJ
cblr-10943	141	47	term	term	NOUN
cblr-10943	141	48	may	may	AUX
cblr-10943	141	49	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	141	50	considered	consider	VERB
cblr-10943	141	51	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	141	52	falsehood	falsehood	NOUN
cblr-10943	141	53	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	141	54	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	141	55	looser	loose	ADJ
cblr-10943	141	56	sense	sense	NOUN
cblr-10943	141	57	—	—	PUNCT
cblr-10943	141	58	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	141	59	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	141	60	promise	promise	NOUN
cblr-10943	141	61	—	—	PUNCT
cblr-10943	141	62	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	141	63	mere	mere	ADJ
cblr-10943	141	64	breach	breach	NOUN
cblr-10943	141	65	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	141	66	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	141	67	contractual	contractual	ADJ
cblr-10943	141	68	duty	duty	NOUN
cblr-10943	141	69	does	do	AUX
cblr-10943	141	70	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	141	71	satisfy	satisfy	VERB
cblr-10943	141	72	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	141	73	standard	standard	NOUN
cblr-10943	141	74	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	142	1	”45	”45	PROPN
cblr-10943	142	2	other	other	ADJ
cblr-10943	142	3	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	142	4	courts	court	NOUN
cblr-10943	142	5	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	142	6	have	have	AUX
cblr-10943	142	7	rejected	reject	VERB
cblr-10943	142	8	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	142	9	objective	objective	ADJ
cblr-10943	142	10	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	142	11	standard	standard	NOUN
cblr-10943	142	12	allow	allow	VERB
cblr-10943	142	13	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	142	14	both	both	CCONJ
cblr-10943	142	15	factual	factual	ADJ
cblr-10943	142	16	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	142	17	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	142	18	legal	legal	ADJ
cblr-10943	142	19	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	142	20	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	142	21	satisfy	satisfy	VERB
cblr-10943	142	22	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	142	23	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	142	24	element	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	142	25	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	142	26	their	their	PRON
cblr-10943	142	27	jurisdictions.46	jurisdictions.46	NOUN
cblr-10943	142	28	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	142	29	inconsistent	inconsistent	ADJ
cblr-10943	142	30	application	application	NOUN
cblr-10943	142	31	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	142	32	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	142	33	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	142	34	element	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	142	35	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	142	36	different	different	ADJ
cblr-10943	142	37	jurisdictions	jurisdiction	NOUN
cblr-10943	142	38	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	142	39	along	along	ADP
cblr-10943	142	40	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	142	41	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	142	42	consequent	consequent	ADJ
cblr-10943	142	43	overlap	overlap	NOUN
cblr-10943	142	44	into	into	ADP
cblr-10943	142	45	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	142	46	scienter	scienter	NOUN
cblr-10943	142	47	element	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	142	48	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	142	49	has	have	AUX
cblr-10943	142	50	resulted	result	VERB
cblr-10943	142	51	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	142	52	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	142	53	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	142	54	split	split	VERB
cblr-10943	142	55	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	142	56	question	question	NOUN
cblr-10943	142	57	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	143	1	43	43	NUM
cblr-10943	143	2	universal	universal	ADJ
cblr-10943	143	3	health	health	NOUN
cblr-10943	143	4	servs	servs	PROPN
cblr-10943	143	5	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	143	6	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	143	7	inc	inc	PROPN
cblr-10943	143	8	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	143	9	v.	v.	PROPN
cblr-10943	143	10	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	143	11	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	143	12	ex	ex	PROPN
cblr-10943	143	13	rel	rel	PROPN
cblr-10943	143	14	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	144	1	julio	julio	PROPN
cblr-10943	144	2	escobar	escobar	PROPN
cblr-10943	144	3	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	144	4	carmen	carmen	PROPN
cblr-10943	144	5	correa	correa	PROPN
cblr-10943	144	6	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	144	7	579	579	NUM
cblr-10943	144	8	u.s	u.s	PROPN
cblr-10943	144	9	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	144	10	176	176	NUM
cblr-10943	144	11	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	144	12	180–87	180–87	NUM
cblr-10943	144	13	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	144	14	2016	2016	NUM
cblr-10943	144	15	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	144	16	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	144	17	explaining	explain	VERB
cblr-10943	144	18	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	144	19	implied	imply	VERB
cblr-10943	144	20	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	144	21	certification	certification	NOUN
cblr-10943	144	22	theory	theory	NOUN
cblr-10943	144	23	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	144	24	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	145	1	44	44	NUM
cblr-10943	145	2	see	see	VERB
cblr-10943	145	3	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	145	4	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	145	5	ex	ex	PROPN
cblr-10943	145	6	rel	rel	PROPN
cblr-10943	145	7	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	146	1	loughren	loughren	PROPN
cblr-10943	146	2	v.	v.	CCONJ
cblr-10943	146	3	unum	unum	PROPN
cblr-10943	146	4	grp	grp	PROPN
cblr-10943	146	5	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	146	6	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	146	7	613	613	NUM
cblr-10943	146	8	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cblr-10943	146	9	300	300	NUM
cblr-10943	146	10	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	146	11	310	310	NUM
cblr-10943	146	12	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	146	13	1st	1st	ADJ
cblr-10943	146	14	cir	cir	NOUN
cblr-10943	146	15	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	146	16	2010	2010	NUM
cblr-10943	146	17	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	147	1	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	147	2	stating	state	VERB
cblr-10943	147	3	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	147	4	facts	fact	NOUN
cblr-10943	147	5	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	147	6	could	could	AUX
cblr-10943	147	7	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	147	8	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	147	9	must	must	AUX
cblr-10943	147	10	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	147	11	those	those	PRON
cblr-10943	147	12	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	147	13	an	an	DET
cblr-10943	147	14	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	147	15	applicant	applicant	NOUN
cblr-10943	147	16	could	could	AUX
cblr-10943	147	17	‘	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	147	18	reasonably	reasonably	ADV
cblr-10943	147	19	classify	classify	VERB
cblr-10943	147	20	as	as	ADP
cblr-10943	147	21	true	true	ADJ
cblr-10943	147	22	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	147	23	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	147	24	’	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	147	25	as	as	SCONJ
cblr-10943	147	26	opposed	oppose	VERB
cblr-10943	147	27	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	147	28	‘	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	147	29	legal	legal	ADJ
cblr-10943	147	30	argumentation	argumentation	NOUN
cblr-10943	147	31	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	147	32	possibility	possibility	NOUN
cblr-10943	147	33	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	147	34	‘	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	147	35	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	147	36	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	147	37	internal	internal	ADJ
cblr-10943	147	38	citation	citation	NOUN
cblr-10943	147	39	omitted	omit	VERB
cblr-10943	147	40	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	147	41	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	147	42	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	147	43	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	147	44	ex	ex	PROPN
cblr-10943	147	45	rel	rel	PROPN
cblr-10943	147	46	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	148	1	drakeford	drakeford	PROPN
cblr-10943	149	1	v.	v.	CCONJ
cblr-10943	149	2	tuomey	tuomey	PROPN
cblr-10943	149	3	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	149	4	792	792	NUM
cblr-10943	149	5	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cblr-10943	149	6	364	364	NUM
cblr-10943	149	7	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	149	8	383	383	NUM
cblr-10943	149	9	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	149	10	4th	4th	ADJ
cblr-10943	149	11	cir	cir	NOUN
cblr-10943	149	12	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	149	13	2015	2015	NUM
cblr-10943	149	14	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	150	1	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	150	2	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	150	3	[	[	X
cblr-10943	150	4	t]he	t]he	X
cblr-10943	150	5	statement	statement	NOUN
cblr-10943	150	6	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	150	7	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cblr-10943	150	8	alleged	allege	VERB
cblr-10943	150	9	must	must	AUX
cblr-10943	150	10	represent	represent	VERB
cblr-10943	150	11	an	an	DET
cblr-10943	150	12	objective	objective	ADJ
cblr-10943	150	13	falsehood	falsehood	NOUN
cblr-10943	150	14	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	150	15	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	150	16	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	150	17	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	150	18	internal	internal	ADJ
cblr-10943	150	19	citation	citation	NOUN
cblr-10943	150	20	omitted	omit	VERB
cblr-10943	150	21	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	150	22	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	150	23	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	150	24	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	150	25	ex	ex	PROPN
cblr-10943	150	26	rel	rel	PROPN
cblr-10943	150	27	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	151	1	morton	morton	PROPN
cblr-10943	151	2	v.	v.	ADP
cblr-10943	151	3	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	151	4	plus	plus	CCONJ
cblr-10943	151	5	benefits	benefit	NOUN
cblr-10943	151	6	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	151	7	inc	inc	PROPN
cblr-10943	151	8	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	151	9	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	151	10	139	139	NUM
cblr-10943	151	11	f.	f.	PROPN
cblr-10943	151	12	app’x	app’x	PROPN
cblr-10943	151	13	980	980	NUM
cblr-10943	151	14	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	151	15	982	982	NUM
cblr-10943	151	16	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	151	17	10th	10th	ADJ
cblr-10943	151	18	cir	cir	NOUN
cblr-10943	151	19	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	151	20	2005	2005	NUM
cblr-10943	151	21	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	151	22	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	151	23	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	151	24	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	151	25	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	151	26	minimum	minimum	NOUN
cblr-10943	151	27	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	151	28	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	151	29	requires	require	VERB
cblr-10943	151	30	proof	proof	NOUN
cblr-10943	151	31	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	151	32	an	an	DET
cblr-10943	151	33	objective	objective	ADJ
cblr-10943	151	34	falsehood	falsehood	NOUN
cblr-10943	151	35	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	151	36	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	151	37	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	151	38	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	151	39	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	151	40	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	151	41	v.	v.	ADP
cblr-10943	151	42	aseracare	aseracare	PROPN
cblr-10943	151	43	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	151	44	inc	inc	PROPN
cblr-10943	151	45	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	151	46	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	151	47	938	938	NUM
cblr-10943	151	48	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cblr-10943	151	49	1278	1278	NUM
cblr-10943	151	50	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	151	51	1290	1290	NUM
cblr-10943	151	52	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	151	53	11th	11th	ADJ
cblr-10943	151	54	cir	cir	NOUN
cblr-10943	151	55	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	151	56	2019	2019	NUM
cblr-10943	151	57	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	151	58	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	151	59	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	151	60	[	[	X
cblr-10943	151	61	t]he	t]he	X
cblr-10943	151	62	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	151	63	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	151	64	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	151	65	element	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	151	66	requires	require	VERB
cblr-10943	151	67	proof	proof	NOUN
cblr-10943	151	68	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	151	69	an	an	DET
cblr-10943	151	70	objective	objective	ADJ
cblr-10943	151	71	falsehood	falsehood	NOUN
cblr-10943	151	72	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	151	73	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	151	74	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	152	1	45	45	NUM
cblr-10943	152	2	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	152	3	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	152	4	ex	ex	PROPN
cblr-10943	152	5	rel	rel	PROPN
cblr-10943	152	6	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	153	1	yannacopoulos	yannacopoulos	PROPN
cblr-10943	153	2	v.	v.	CCONJ
cblr-10943	153	3	gen	gen	PROPN
cblr-10943	153	4	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	153	5	dynamics	dynamic	NOUN
cblr-10943	153	6	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	153	7	652	652	NUM
cblr-10943	153	8	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cblr-10943	153	9	818	818	NUM
cblr-10943	153	10	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	153	11	836	836	NUM
cblr-10943	153	12	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	153	13	7th	7th	ADJ
cblr-10943	153	14	cir	cir	NOUN
cblr-10943	153	15	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	153	16	2011	2011	NUM
cblr-10943	153	17	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	153	18	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	154	1	46	46	NUM
cblr-10943	154	2	see	see	VERB
cblr-10943	154	3	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	154	4	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	154	5	v.	v.	ADP
cblr-10943	154	6	care	care	NOUN
cblr-10943	154	7	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
cblr-10943	154	8	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	154	9	952	952	NUM
cblr-10943	154	10	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cblr-10943	154	11	89	89	NUM
cblr-10943	154	12	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	154	13	95	95	NUM
cblr-10943	154	14	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	154	15	3d	3d	PROPN
cblr-10943	154	16	cir	cir	NOUN
cblr-10943	154	17	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	154	18	2020	2020	NUM
cblr-10943	154	19	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	154	20	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	154	21	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	154	22	[	[	X
cblr-10943	154	23	w]e	w]e	NOUN
cblr-10943	154	24	decline	decline	VERB
cblr-10943	154	25	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	154	26	adopt	adopt	VERB
cblr-10943	154	27	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	154	28	district	district	NOUN
cblr-10943	154	29	court	court	NOUN
cblr-10943	154	30	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	154	31	‘	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	154	32	objective	objective	ADJ
cblr-10943	154	33	’	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	154	34	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	154	35	standard	standard	NOUN
cblr-10943	154	36	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	154	37	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	154	38	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	154	39	winter	winter	NOUN
cblr-10943	154	40	ex	ex	X
cblr-10943	154	41	rel	rel	PROPN
cblr-10943	154	42	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	155	1	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	155	2	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	155	3	v.	v.	PROPN
cblr-10943	155	4	gardens	gardens	PROPN
cblr-10943	155	5	reg’l	reg’l	NUM
cblr-10943	155	6	hosp	hosp	PROPN
cblr-10943	155	7	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	155	8	&	&	CCONJ
cblr-10943	155	9	med	med	PROPN
cblr-10943	155	10	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	155	11	ctr	ctr	PROPN
cblr-10943	155	12	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	155	13	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	155	14	inc	inc	PROPN
cblr-10943	155	15	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	155	16	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	155	17	953	953	NUM
cblr-10943	155	18	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cblr-10943	155	19	1108	1108	NUM
cblr-10943	155	20	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	155	21	1117	1117	NUM
cblr-10943	155	22	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	155	23	9th	9th	ADJ
cblr-10943	155	24	cir	cir	NOUN
cblr-10943	155	25	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	155	26	2020	2020	NUM
cblr-10943	155	27	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	155	28	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	155	29	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	155	30	[	[	X
cblr-10943	155	31	t]he	t]he	ADV
cblr-10943	155	32	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	155	33	imposes	impose	VERB
cblr-10943	155	34	liability	liability	NOUN
cblr-10943	155	35	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	155	36	all	all	DET
cblr-10943	155	37	‘	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	155	38	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	155	39	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	155	40	fraudulent	fraudulent	ADJ
cblr-10943	155	41	claims’—it	claims’—it	NOUN
cblr-10943	155	42	does	do	AUX
cblr-10943	155	43	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	155	44	distinguish	distinguish	VERB
cblr-10943	155	45	between	between	ADP
cblr-10943	155	46	‘	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	155	47	objective	objective	ADJ
cblr-10943	155	48	’	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	155	49	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	155	50	‘	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	155	51	subjective	subjective	ADJ
cblr-10943	155	52	’	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	155	53	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	155	54	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	155	55	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	155	56	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	155	57	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	156	1	1004	1004	NUM
cblr-10943	156	2	columbia	columbia	PROPN
cblr-10943	156	3	business	business	NOUN
cblr-10943	156	4	law	law	PROPN
cblr-10943	156	5	review	review	NOUN
cblr-10943	156	6	[	[	X
cblr-10943	156	7	vol	vol	NOUN
cblr-10943	156	8	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	156	9	2022	2022	NUM
cblr-10943	156	10	b.	b.	PROPN
cblr-10943	156	11	circuit	circuit	PROPN
cblr-10943	156	12	split	split	VERB
cblr-10943	156	13	history	history	NOUN
cblr-10943	156	14	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	156	15	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	156	16	split	split	VERB
cblr-10943	156	17	concerns	concern	NOUN
cblr-10943	156	18	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	156	19	overlap	overlap	NOUN
cblr-10943	156	20	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	156	21	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	156	22	potential	potential	ADJ
cblr-10943	156	23	confusion	confusion	NOUN
cblr-10943	156	24	between	between	ADP
cblr-10943	156	25	these	these	DET
cblr-10943	156	26	two	two	NUM
cblr-10943	156	27	different	different	ADJ
cblr-10943	156	28	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	156	29	regimes	regime	NOUN
cblr-10943	156	30	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	156	31	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	156	32	context	context	NOUN
cblr-10943	156	33	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	156	34	expert	expert	ADJ
cblr-10943	156	35	testimony	testimony	NOUN
cblr-10943	156	36	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	157	1	first	first	ADV
cblr-10943	157	2	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	157	3	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	157	4	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	157	5	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	157	6	v.	v.	ADP
cblr-10943	157	7	aseracare	aseracare	ADV
cblr-10943	157	8	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	157	9	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	157	10	eleventh	eleventh	ADJ
cblr-10943	157	11	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	157	12	affirmed	affirm	VERB
cblr-10943	157	13	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	157	14	objective	objective	ADJ
cblr-10943	157	15	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	157	16	standard	standard	NOUN
cblr-10943	157	17	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	157	18	regard	regard	NOUN
cblr-10943	157	19	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	157	20	expert	expert	ADJ
cblr-10943	157	21	testimony	testimony	NOUN
cblr-10943	157	22	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	157	23	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	157	24	health	health	NOUN
cblr-10943	157	25	care	care	NOUN
cblr-10943	157	26	context	context	NOUN
cblr-10943	157	27	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	158	1	47	47	NUM
cblr-10943	158	2	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	158	3	aseracare	aseracare	ADJ
cblr-10943	158	4	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	158	5	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	158	6	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	7	brought	bring	VERB
cblr-10943	158	8	an	an	DET
cblr-10943	158	9	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	158	10	claim	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	11	alleging	allege	VERB
cblr-10943	158	12	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	158	13	defendants	defendant	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	14	admitted	admit	VERB
cblr-10943	158	15	elderly	elderly	ADJ
cblr-10943	158	16	patients	patient	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	17	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	158	18	hospice	hospice	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	19	care	care	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	20	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	158	21	despite	despite	SCONJ
cblr-10943	158	22	these	these	DET
cblr-10943	158	23	patients	patient	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	24	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	158	25	being	be	AUX
cblr-10943	158	26	terminally	terminally	ADV
cblr-10943	158	27	ill.48	ill.48	ADV
cblr-10943	158	28	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	158	29	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	30	alleged	allege	VERB
cblr-10943	158	31	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	158	32	there	there	PRON
cblr-10943	158	33	was	be	VERB
cblr-10943	158	34	an	an	DET
cblr-10943	158	35	immense	immense	ADJ
cblr-10943	158	36	financial	financial	ADJ
cblr-10943	158	37	incentive	incentive	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	38	for	for	SCONJ
cblr-10943	158	39	defendants	defendant	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	40	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	158	41	engage	engage	VERB
cblr-10943	158	42	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	158	43	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	158	44	fraudulent	fraudulent	ADJ
cblr-10943	158	45	behavior	behavior	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	46	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	158	47	as	as	SCONJ
cblr-10943	158	48	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	158	49	hospice	hospice	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	50	care	care	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	51	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	158	52	question	question	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	53	was	be	AUX
cblr-10943	158	54	funded	fund	VERB
cblr-10943	158	55	entirely	entirely	ADV
cblr-10943	158	56	through	through	ADP
cblr-10943	158	57	medicare.49	medicare.49	ADJ
cblr-10943	158	58	physicians	physician	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	59	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	158	60	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	158	61	hospital	hospital	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	62	were	be	AUX
cblr-10943	158	63	responsible	responsible	ADJ
cblr-10943	158	64	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	158	65	utilizing	utilize	VERB
cblr-10943	158	66	their	their	PRON
cblr-10943	158	67	professional	professional	ADJ
cblr-10943	158	68	judgment	judgment	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	69	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	158	70	discretion	discretion	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	71	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	158	72	determine	determine	VERB
cblr-10943	158	73	whether	whether	SCONJ
cblr-10943	158	74	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	158	75	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	158	76	an	an	DET
cblr-10943	158	77	elderly	elderly	ADJ
cblr-10943	158	78	patient	patient	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	79	would	would	AUX
cblr-10943	158	80	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	158	81	eligible	eligible	ADJ
cblr-10943	158	82	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	158	83	hospice	hospice	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	84	care.50	care.50	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	85	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	158	86	trial	trial	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	87	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	158	88	expert	expert	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	89	testimony	testimony	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	90	was	be	AUX
cblr-10943	158	91	inconclusive	inconclusive	ADJ
cblr-10943	158	92	as	as	ADP
cblr-10943	158	93	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	158	94	whether	whether	SCONJ
cblr-10943	158	95	these	these	DET
cblr-10943	158	96	physician	physician	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	97	judgments	judgment	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	98	could	could	AUX
cblr-10943	158	99	satisfy	satisfy	VERB
cblr-10943	158	100	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	158	101	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	102	element	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	103	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	158	104	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	158	105	defendant	defendant	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	106	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	158	107	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	158	108	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	158	109	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	110	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	158	111	respective	respective	ADJ
cblr-10943	158	112	expert	expert	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	113	witnesses	witness	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	114	came	come	VERB
cblr-10943	158	115	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	158	116	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	158	117	opposite	opposite	ADJ
cblr-10943	158	118	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	119	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	158	120	regarding	regard	VERB
cblr-10943	158	121	whether	whether	SCONJ
cblr-10943	158	122	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	158	123	physicians	physician	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	124	had	have	AUX
cblr-10943	158	125	made	make	VERB
cblr-10943	158	126	reasonably	reasonably	ADV
cblr-10943	158	127	acceptable	acceptable	ADJ
cblr-10943	158	128	determinations.51	determinations.51	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	129	on	on	ADP
cblr-10943	158	130	appeal	appeal	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	131	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	158	132	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	158	133	eleventh	eleventh	ADJ
cblr-10943	158	134	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	135	ruled	rule	VERB
cblr-10943	158	136	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	158	137	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	158	138	reasonable	reasonable	ADJ
cblr-10943	158	139	difference	difference	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	140	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	158	141	opinion	opinion	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	142	among	among	ADP
cblr-10943	158	143	physicians	physician	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	144	was	be	AUX
cblr-10943	158	145	insufficient	insufficient	ADJ
cblr-10943	158	146	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	158	147	satisfy	satisfy	VERB
cblr-10943	158	148	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	158	149	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	150	element	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	151	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	158	152	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	158	153	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	158	154	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	158	155	consequently	consequently	ADV
cblr-10943	158	156	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	158	157	physicians	physician	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	158	applying	apply	VERB
cblr-10943	158	159	their	their	PRON
cblr-10943	158	160	expert	expert	ADJ
cblr-10943	158	161	judgment	judgment	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	162	could	could	AUX
cblr-10943	158	163	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	158	164	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	158	165	found	find	VERB
cblr-10943	158	166	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	158	167	have	have	AUX
cblr-10943	158	168	acted	act	VERB
cblr-10943	158	169	fraudulently	fraudulently	ADV
cblr-10943	158	170	unless	unless	SCONJ
cblr-10943	158	171	they	they	PRON
cblr-10943	158	172	had	have	AUX
cblr-10943	158	173	engaged	engage	VERB
cblr-10943	158	174	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	158	175	actions	action	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	176	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	158	177	would	would	AUX
cblr-10943	158	178	render	render	VERB
cblr-10943	158	179	their	their	PRON
cblr-10943	158	180	judgment	judgment	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	181	objectively	objectively	ADV
cblr-10943	158	182	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	158	183	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	158	184	such	such	ADJ
cblr-10943	158	185	as	as	ADP
cblr-10943	158	186	failure	failure	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	187	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	158	188	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	158	189	review	review	VERB
cblr-10943	158	190	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	158	191	patient	patient	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	192	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	158	193	medical	medical	ADJ
cblr-10943	158	194	records	record	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	195	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	158	196	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	158	197	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	158	198	when	when	SCONJ
cblr-10943	158	199	expert	expert	ADJ
cblr-10943	158	200	evidence	evidence	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	201	suggests	suggest	VERB
cblr-10943	158	202	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	158	203	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	158	204	no	no	DET
cblr-10943	158	205	reasonable	reasonable	ADJ
cblr-10943	158	206	physician	physician	NOUN
cblr-10943	158	207	could	could	AUX
cblr-10943	158	208	have	have	VERB
cblr-10943	158	209	47	47	NUM
cblr-10943	158	210	aseracare	aseracare	ADJ
cblr-10943	158	211	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	158	212	938	938	NUM
cblr-10943	158	213	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cblr-10943	158	214	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	158	215	1301	1301	NUM
cblr-10943	158	216	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	158	217	1305	1305	NUM
cblr-10943	158	218	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	159	1	48	48	NUM
cblr-10943	160	1	i	i	PRON
cblr-10943	160	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cblr-10943	160	3	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	160	4	1284–86	1284–86	NUM
cblr-10943	160	5	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	161	1	49	49	NUM
cblr-10943	162	1	i	i	PRON
cblr-10943	162	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cblr-10943	162	3	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	162	4	1281–84	1281–84	NOUN
cblr-10943	162	5	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	162	6	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	162	7	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	162	8	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	162	9	underlying	underlying	ADJ
cblr-10943	162	10	civil	civil	ADJ
cblr-10943	162	11	suit	suit	NOUN
cblr-10943	162	12	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	162	13	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	162	14	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	162	15	alleged	allege	VERB
cblr-10943	162	16	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	162	17	defendants	defendant	NOUN
cblr-10943	162	18	had	have	AUX
cblr-10943	162	19	certified	certify	VERB
cblr-10943	162	20	patients	patient	NOUN
cblr-10943	162	21	as	as	ADP
cblr-10943	162	22	eligible	eligible	ADJ
cblr-10943	162	23	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	162	24	medicare	medicare	PROPN
cblr-10943	162	25	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	162	26	hospice	hospice	NOUN
cblr-10943	162	27	benefit	benefit	NOUN
cblr-10943	162	28	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	162	29	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	162	30	billed	bill	VERB
cblr-10943	162	31	medicare	medicare	PROPN
cblr-10943	162	32	accordingly	accordingly	ADV
cblr-10943	162	33	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	162	34	on	on	ADP
cblr-10943	162	35	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	162	36	basis	basis	NOUN
cblr-10943	162	37	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	162	38	erroneous	erroneous	ADJ
cblr-10943	162	39	clinical	clinical	ADJ
cblr-10943	162	40	judgments	judgment	NOUN
cblr-10943	162	41	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	162	42	those	those	DET
cblr-10943	162	43	patients	patient	NOUN
cblr-10943	162	44	were	be	AUX
cblr-10943	162	45	terminally	terminally	ADV
cblr-10943	162	46	ill	ill	ADJ
cblr-10943	162	47	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	162	48	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	162	49	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	162	50	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	163	1	50	50	NUM
cblr-10943	164	1	i	i	PRON
cblr-10943	164	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cblr-10943	164	3	51	51	NUM
cblr-10943	165	1	i	i	PRON
cblr-10943	165	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cblr-10943	165	3	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	165	4	1289–90	1289–90	NOUN
cblr-10943	165	5	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	165	6	describing	describe	VERB
cblr-10943	165	7	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	165	8	divergence	divergence	NOUN
cblr-10943	165	9	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	165	10	expert	expert	ADJ
cblr-10943	165	11	testimony	testimony	NOUN
cblr-10943	165	12	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	165	13	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	166	1	no	no	INTJ
cblr-10943	166	2	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	167	1	2:993	2:993	NUM
cblr-10943	167	2	]	]	PUNCT
cblr-10943	167	3	reconsidering	reconsider	VERB
cblr-10943	167	4	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	167	5	role	role	NOUN
cblr-10943	167	6	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	167	7	expert	expert	ADJ
cblr-10943	167	8	discretion	discretion	NOUN
cblr-10943	167	9	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	167	10	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	167	11	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	167	12	1005	1005	NUM
cblr-10943	167	13	concluded	conclude	VERB
cblr-10943	167	14	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	167	15	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	167	16	patient	patient	NOUN
cblr-10943	167	17	was	be	AUX
cblr-10943	167	18	terminally	terminally	ADV
cblr-10943	167	19	ill	ill	ADJ
cblr-10943	167	20	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	167	21	”52	”52	PUNCT
cblr-10943	167	22	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	167	23	eleventh	eleventh	ADJ
cblr-10943	167	24	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	167	25	was	be	AUX
cblr-10943	167	26	primarily	primarily	ADV
cblr-10943	167	27	concerned	concerned	ADJ
cblr-10943	167	28	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	167	29	physicians	physician	NOUN
cblr-10943	167	30	would	would	AUX
cblr-10943	167	31	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	167	32	obstructed	obstruct	VERB
cblr-10943	167	33	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	167	34	rendering	render	VERB
cblr-10943	167	35	their	their	PRON
cblr-10943	167	36	professional	professional	ADJ
cblr-10943	167	37	judgments	judgment	NOUN
cblr-10943	167	38	by	by	ADP
cblr-10943	167	39	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	167	40	threat	threat	NOUN
cblr-10943	167	41	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	167	42	these	these	DET
cblr-10943	167	43	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	167	44	judgments	judgment	NOUN
cblr-10943	167	45	[	[	X
cblr-10943	167	46	would	would	AUX
cblr-10943	167	47	]	]	PART
cblr-10943	167	48	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	167	49	second	second	ADV
cblr-10943	167	50	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	167	51	guessed	guess	VERB
cblr-10943	167	52	after	after	ADP
cblr-10943	167	53	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	167	54	fact	fact	NOUN
cblr-10943	167	55	by	by	ADP
cblr-10943	167	56	laymen	layman	NOUN
cblr-10943	167	57	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	167	58	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	167	59	liability	liability	NOUN
cblr-10943	167	60	proceeding	proceeding	NOUN
cblr-10943	167	61	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	168	1	”53	”53	ADV
cblr-10943	168	2	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	168	3	trial	trial	NOUN
cblr-10943	168	4	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	168	5	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	168	6	district	district	NOUN
cblr-10943	168	7	court	court	NOUN
cblr-10943	168	8	exemplified	exemplify	VERB
cblr-10943	168	9	these	these	DET
cblr-10943	168	10	concerns	concern	NOUN
cblr-10943	168	11	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	168	12	as	as	SCONJ
cblr-10943	168	13	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	168	14	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	168	15	jury	jury	NOUN
cblr-10943	168	16	was	be	AUX
cblr-10943	168	17	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	168	18	decide	decide	VERB
cblr-10943	168	19	which	which	DET
cblr-10943	168	20	expert	expert	NOUN
cblr-10943	168	21	it	it	PRON
cblr-10943	168	22	thought	think	VERB
cblr-10943	168	23	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	168	24	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	168	25	more	more	ADV
cblr-10943	168	26	persuasive	persuasive	ADJ
cblr-10943	168	27	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	168	28	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	168	29	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	168	30	less	less	ADV
cblr-10943	168	31	persuasive	persuasive	ADJ
cblr-10943	168	32	opinion	opinion	NOUN
cblr-10943	168	33	being	be	AUX
cblr-10943	168	34	deemed	deem	VERB
cblr-10943	168	35	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	168	36	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	168	37	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	168	38	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	168	39	despite	despite	SCONJ
cblr-10943	168	40	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	168	41	two	two	NUM
cblr-10943	168	42	physician	physician	NOUN
cblr-10943	168	43	experts	expert	NOUN
cblr-10943	168	44	having	have	VERB
cblr-10943	168	45	reasonable	reasonable	ADJ
cblr-10943	168	46	disagreements	disagreement	NOUN
cblr-10943	168	47	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	168	48	professional	professional	ADJ
cblr-10943	168	49	opinion	opinion	NOUN
cblr-10943	168	50	when	when	SCONJ
cblr-10943	168	51	interpreting	interpret	VERB
cblr-10943	168	52	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	168	53	same	same	ADJ
cblr-10943	168	54	medical	medical	ADJ
cblr-10943	168	55	records.54	records.54	NOUN
cblr-10943	168	56	by	by	ADP
cblr-10943	168	57	establishing	establish	VERB
cblr-10943	168	58	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	168	59	ruling	ruling	NOUN
cblr-10943	168	60	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	168	61	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	168	62	eleventh	eleventh	ADJ
cblr-10943	168	63	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	168	64	validated	validate	VERB
cblr-10943	168	65	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	168	66	objective	objective	ADJ
cblr-10943	168	67	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	168	68	standard	standard	NOUN
cblr-10943	168	69	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	168	70	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	168	71	context	context	NOUN
cblr-10943	168	72	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	168	73	expert	expert	ADJ
cblr-10943	168	74	discretion	discretion	NOUN
cblr-10943	168	75	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	168	76	avoid	avoid	VERB
cblr-10943	168	77	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	168	78	potential	potential	ADJ
cblr-10943	168	79	problem	problem	NOUN
cblr-10943	168	80	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	168	81	but	but	CCONJ
cblr-10943	168	82	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	168	83	doing	do	VERB
cblr-10943	168	84	so	so	ADV
cblr-10943	168	85	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	168	86	blurred	blur	VERB
cblr-10943	168	87	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	168	88	distinction	distinction	NOUN
cblr-10943	168	89	between	between	ADP
cblr-10943	168	90	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	168	91	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	168	92	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	168	93	scienter	scienter	NOUN
cblr-10943	168	94	elements	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	168	95	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	168	96	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	168	97	fca.55	fca.55	NOUN
cblr-10943	168	98	after	after	ADP
cblr-10943	168	99	this	this	PRON
cblr-10943	168	100	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	168	101	two	two	NUM
cblr-10943	168	102	different	different	ADJ
cblr-10943	168	103	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	168	104	courts	court	NOUN
cblr-10943	168	105	either	either	CCONJ
cblr-10943	168	106	rejected	reject	VERB
cblr-10943	168	107	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	168	108	inconsistently	inconsistently	ADV
cblr-10943	168	109	applied	apply	VERB
cblr-10943	168	110	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	168	111	ruling	ruling	NOUN
cblr-10943	168	112	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	168	113	aseracare	aseracare	ADJ
cblr-10943	168	114	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	169	1	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	169	2	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	169	3	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	169	4	v.	v.	ADP
cblr-10943	169	5	care	care	NOUN
cblr-10943	169	6	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
cblr-10943	169	7	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	169	8	relators	relator	NOUN
cblr-10943	169	9	brought	bring	VERB
cblr-10943	169	10	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	169	11	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	169	12	claim	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	169	13	against	against	ADP
cblr-10943	169	14	care	care	NOUN
cblr-10943	169	15	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
cblr-10943	169	16	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	169	17	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	169	18	company	company	NOUN
cblr-10943	169	19	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	169	20	provides	provide	VERB
cblr-10943	169	21	hospice	hospice	NOUN
cblr-10943	169	22	care.56	care.56	NOUN
cblr-10943	169	23	relators	relator	NOUN
cblr-10943	169	24	alleged	allege	VERB
cblr-10943	169	25	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	169	26	care	care	NOUN
cblr-10943	169	27	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
cblr-10943	169	28	excessively	excessively	ADV
cblr-10943	169	29	admitted	admit	VERB
cblr-10943	169	30	ineligible	ineligible	ADJ
cblr-10943	169	31	patients	patient	NOUN
cblr-10943	169	32	into	into	ADP
cblr-10943	169	33	hospice	hospice	NOUN
cblr-10943	169	34	care	care	NOUN
cblr-10943	169	35	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	169	36	improperly	improperly	ADV
cblr-10943	169	37	received	receive	VERB
cblr-10943	169	38	medicare	medicare	PROPN
cblr-10943	169	39	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	169	40	medicaid	medicaid	PROPN
cblr-10943	169	41	reimbursement	reimbursement	NOUN
cblr-10943	169	42	as	as	ADP
cblr-10943	169	43	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	169	44	result.57	result.57	NOUN
cblr-10943	169	45	during	during	ADP
cblr-10943	169	46	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	169	47	discovery	discovery	NOUN
cblr-10943	169	48	process	process	NOUN
cblr-10943	169	49	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	169	50	expert	expert	ADJ
cblr-10943	169	51	witnesses	witness	NOUN
cblr-10943	169	52	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	169	53	both	both	DET
cblr-10943	169	54	parties	party	NOUN
cblr-10943	169	55	reached	reach	VERB
cblr-10943	169	56	opposing	oppose	VERB
cblr-10943	169	57	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
cblr-10943	169	58	about	about	ADP
cblr-10943	169	59	whether	whether	SCONJ
cblr-10943	169	60	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	169	61	reasonable	reasonable	ADJ
cblr-10943	169	62	physician	physician	NOUN
cblr-10943	169	63	could	could	AUX
cblr-10943	169	64	have	have	AUX
cblr-10943	169	65	made	make	VERB
cblr-10943	169	66	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	169	67	hospice	hospice	NOUN
cblr-10943	169	68	care	care	NOUN
cblr-10943	169	69	determinations	determination	NOUN
cblr-10943	169	70	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	169	71	question.58	question.58	PROPN
cblr-10943	169	72	care	care	NOUN
cblr-10943	169	73	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
cblr-10943	169	74	moved	move	VERB
cblr-10943	169	75	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	169	76	52	52	NUM
cblr-10943	169	77	i	i	PROPN
cblr-10943	169	78	d.	d.	PROPN
cblr-10943	169	79	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	169	80	1297	1297	NUM
cblr-10943	169	81	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	169	82	1300	1300	NUM
cblr-10943	169	83	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	169	84	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	169	85	[	[	X
cblr-10943	169	86	o]pinions	o]pinions	ADP
cblr-10943	169	87	may	may	AUX
cblr-10943	169	88	trigger	trigger	VERB
cblr-10943	169	89	liability	liability	NOUN
cblr-10943	169	90	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	169	91	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	169	92	when	when	SCONJ
cblr-10943	169	93	they	they	PRON
cblr-10943	169	94	are	be	AUX
cblr-10943	169	95	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	169	96	honestly	honestly	ADV
cblr-10943	169	97	held	hold	VERB
cblr-10943	169	98	by	by	ADP
cblr-10943	169	99	their	their	PRON
cblr-10943	169	100	maker	maker	NOUN
cblr-10943	169	101	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	169	102	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	169	103	when	when	SCONJ
cblr-10943	169	104	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	169	105	speaker	speaker	NOUN
cblr-10943	169	106	knows	know	VERB
cblr-10943	169	107	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	169	108	facts	fact	NOUN
cblr-10943	169	109	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	169	110	are	be	AUX
cblr-10943	169	111	fundamentally	fundamentally	ADV
cblr-10943	169	112	incompatible	incompatible	ADJ
cblr-10943	169	113	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	169	114	his	his	PRON
cblr-10943	169	115	opinion	opinion	NOUN
cblr-10943	169	116	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	169	117	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	169	118	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	169	119	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	170	1	53	53	NUM
cblr-10943	170	2	i	i	PRON
cblr-10943	170	3	d.	d.	PROPN
cblr-10943	170	4	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	170	5	1295	1295	NUM
cblr-10943	170	6	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	171	1	54	54	NUM
cblr-10943	172	1	i	i	PRON
cblr-10943	172	2	d.	d.	VERB
cblr-10943	172	3	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	172	4	1288–89	1288–89	NUM
cblr-10943	172	5	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	173	1	55	55	NUM
cblr-10943	173	2	i	i	PRON
cblr-10943	173	3	d.	d.	PROPN
cblr-10943	173	4	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	173	5	1290	1290	NUM
cblr-10943	173	6	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	173	7	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	173	8	because	because	SCONJ
cblr-10943	173	9	‘	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	173	10	[	[	X
cblr-10943	173	11	t]he	t]he	ADJ
cblr-10943	173	12	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	173	13	[	[	PUNCT
cblr-10943	173	14	]	]	PUNCT
cblr-10943	173	15	presented	present	VERB
cblr-10943	173	16	no	no	DET
cblr-10943	173	17	evidence	evidence	NOUN
cblr-10943	173	18	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	173	19	an	an	DET
cblr-10943	173	20	objective	objective	ADJ
cblr-10943	173	21	falsehood	falsehood	NOUN
cblr-10943	173	22	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	173	23	any	any	PRON
cblr-10943	173	24	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	173	25	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	173	26	patients	patient	NOUN
cblr-10943	173	27	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	173	28	issue	issue	NOUN
cblr-10943	173	29	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	173	30	’	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	173	31	it	it	PRON
cblr-10943	173	32	could	could	AUX
cblr-10943	173	33	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	173	34	prove	prove	VERB
cblr-10943	173	35	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	173	36	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	173	37	element	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	173	38	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	173	39	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	173	40	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	173	41	as	as	ADP
cblr-10943	173	42	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	173	43	matter	matter	NOUN
cblr-10943	173	44	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	173	45	law	law	NOUN
cblr-10943	173	46	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	173	47	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	173	48	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	173	49	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	173	50	internal	internal	ADJ
cblr-10943	173	51	citation	citation	NOUN
cblr-10943	173	52	omitted	omit	VERB
cblr-10943	173	53	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	173	54	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	174	1	56	56	NUM
cblr-10943	174	2	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	174	3	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	174	4	v.	v.	ADP
cblr-10943	174	5	care	care	NOUN
cblr-10943	174	6	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
cblr-10943	174	7	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	174	8	952	952	NUM
cblr-10943	174	9	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cblr-10943	174	10	89	89	NUM
cblr-10943	174	11	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	174	12	93	93	NUM
cblr-10943	174	13	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	174	14	3d	3d	PROPN
cblr-10943	174	15	cir	cir	NOUN
cblr-10943	174	16	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	174	17	2020	2020	NUM
cblr-10943	174	18	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	174	19	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	175	1	57	57	NUM
cblr-10943	176	1	i	i	PRON
cblr-10943	176	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cblr-10943	176	3	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	176	4	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	176	5	they	they	PRON
cblr-10943	176	6	brought	bring	VERB
cblr-10943	176	7	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	176	8	action	action	NOUN
cblr-10943	176	9	under	under	ADP
cblr-10943	176	10	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	176	11	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	176	12	alleging	alleging	NOUN
cblr-10943	176	13	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	176	14	among	among	ADP
cblr-10943	176	15	other	other	ADJ
cblr-10943	176	16	things	thing	NOUN
cblr-10943	176	17	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	176	18	that	that	DET
cblr-10943	176	19	care	care	NOUN
cblr-10943	176	20	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
cblr-10943	176	21	admitted	admit	VERB
cblr-10943	176	22	ineligible	ineligible	ADJ
cblr-10943	176	23	patients	patient	NOUN
cblr-10943	176	24	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	176	25	directed	direct	VERB
cblr-10943	176	26	its	its	PRON
cblr-10943	176	27	employees	employee	NOUN
cblr-10943	176	28	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	176	29	alter	alter	VERB
cblr-10943	176	30	medicare	medicare	PROPN
cblr-10943	176	31	certifications	certification	NOUN
cblr-10943	176	32	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	176	33	increase	increase	VERB
cblr-10943	176	34	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	176	35	number	number	NOUN
cblr-10943	176	36	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	176	37	eligible	eligible	ADJ
cblr-10943	176	38	patients	patient	NOUN
cblr-10943	176	39	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	176	40	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	176	41	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	176	42	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	177	1	58	58	NUM
cblr-10943	178	1	i	i	PRON
cblr-10943	178	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cblr-10943	178	3	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	178	4	94	94	NUM
cblr-10943	178	5	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	178	6	describing	describe	VERB
cblr-10943	178	7	diverging	diverge	VERB
cblr-10943	178	8	expert	expert	ADJ
cblr-10943	178	9	testimony	testimony	NOUN
cblr-10943	178	10	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	178	11	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	179	1	1006	1006	NUM
cblr-10943	179	2	columbia	columbia	PROPN
cblr-10943	179	3	business	business	PROPN
cblr-10943	179	4	law	law	PROPN
cblr-10943	179	5	review	review	NOUN
cblr-10943	179	6	[	[	X
cblr-10943	179	7	vol	vol	NOUN
cblr-10943	179	8	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	180	1	2022	2022	NUM
cblr-10943	180	2	summary	summary	NOUN
cblr-10943	180	3	judgment	judgment	NOUN
cblr-10943	180	4	based	base	VERB
cblr-10943	180	5	on	on	ADP
cblr-10943	180	6	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	180	7	inability	inability	NOUN
cblr-10943	180	8	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	180	9	establish	establish	VERB
cblr-10943	180	10	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	180	11	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	180	12	element	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	180	13	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	180	14	which	which	PRON
cblr-10943	180	15	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	180	16	district	district	NOUN
cblr-10943	180	17	court	court	NOUN
cblr-10943	180	18	granted	grant	VERB
cblr-10943	180	19	based	base	VERB
cblr-10943	180	20	on	on	ADP
cblr-10943	180	21	its	its	PRON
cblr-10943	180	22	application	application	NOUN
cblr-10943	180	23	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	180	24	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	180	25	objective	objective	ADJ
cblr-10943	180	26	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	180	27	standard	standard	NOUN
cblr-10943	180	28	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	180	29	aseracare.59	aseracare.59	PROPN
cblr-10943	180	30	on	on	ADP
cblr-10943	180	31	appeal	appeal	NOUN
cblr-10943	180	32	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	180	33	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	180	34	third	third	ADJ
cblr-10943	180	35	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	180	36	reversed	reverse	VERB
cblr-10943	180	37	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	180	38	ruling	rule	VERB
cblr-10943	180	39	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	180	40	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	180	41	concept	concept	NOUN
cblr-10943	180	42	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	180	43	objective	objective	ADJ
cblr-10943	180	44	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	180	45	used	use	VERB
cblr-10943	180	46	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	180	47	aseracare	aseracare	ADV
cblr-10943	180	48	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	180	49	improperly	improperly	ADV
cblr-10943	180	50	conflates	conflate	VERB
cblr-10943	180	51	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	180	52	elements	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	180	53	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	180	54	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	180	55	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	180	56	scienter	scienter	NOUN
cblr-10943	180	57	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	180	58	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	180	59	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	180	60	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	180	61	inconsistent	inconsistent	ADJ
cblr-10943	180	62	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	180	63	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	180	64	application	application	NOUN
cblr-10943	180	65	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	180	66	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	180	67	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	180	68	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	180	69	”60	”60	PROPN
cblr-10943	180	70	accordingly	accordingly	ADV
cblr-10943	180	71	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	180	72	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	180	73	court	court	NOUN
cblr-10943	180	74	reasoned	reason	VERB
cblr-10943	180	75	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	180	76	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	180	77	scienter	scienter	NOUN
cblr-10943	180	78	element	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	180	79	was	be	AUX
cblr-10943	180	80	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ
cblr-10943	180	81	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	180	82	protect	protect	VERB
cblr-10943	180	83	physicians	physician	NOUN
cblr-10943	180	84	rendering	render	VERB
cblr-10943	180	85	their	their	PRON
cblr-10943	180	86	professional	professional	ADJ
cblr-10943	180	87	judgment	judgment	NOUN
cblr-10943	180	88	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	180	89	good	good	ADJ
cblr-10943	180	90	faith	faith	NOUN
cblr-10943	180	91	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	180	92	rejected	reject	VERB
cblr-10943	180	93	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	180	94	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	180	95	bright	bright	ADJ
cblr-10943	180	96	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	180	97	line	line	NOUN
cblr-10943	180	98	rule	rule	NOUN
cblr-10943	180	99	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	180	100	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	180	101	doctor	doctor	NOUN
cblr-10943	180	102	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	180	103	clinical	clinical	ADJ
cblr-10943	180	104	judgment	judgment	NOUN
cblr-10943	180	105	can	can	AUX
cblr-10943	180	106	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	180	107	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	180	108	‘	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	180	109	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	180	110	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	180	111	’”61	’”61	NOUN
cblr-10943	180	112	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	180	113	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	180	114	ruling	ruling	NOUN
cblr-10943	180	115	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	180	116	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	180	117	third	third	ADJ
cblr-10943	180	118	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	180	119	effectively	effectively	ADV
cblr-10943	180	120	lowered	lower	VERB
cblr-10943	180	121	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	180	122	threshold	threshold	NOUN
cblr-10943	180	123	required	require	VERB
cblr-10943	180	124	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	180	125	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	180	126	by	by	ADP
cblr-10943	180	127	allowing	allow	VERB
cblr-10943	180	128	legal	legal	ADJ
cblr-10943	180	129	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	180	130	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	180	131	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	180	132	applied	apply	VERB
cblr-10943	180	133	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	180	134	an	an	DET
cblr-10943	180	135	expert	expert	NOUN
cblr-10943	180	136	judgment.62	judgment.62	NOUN
cblr-10943	180	137	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	180	138	decision	decision	NOUN
cblr-10943	180	139	also	also	ADV
cblr-10943	180	140	shifted	shift	VERB
cblr-10943	180	141	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	180	142	crux	crux	NOUN
cblr-10943	180	143	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	180	144	these	these	DET
cblr-10943	180	145	hospice	hospice	NOUN
cblr-10943	180	146	care	care	NOUN
cblr-10943	180	147	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	180	148	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	180	149	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	180	150	scienter	scienter	NOUN
cblr-10943	180	151	element	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	180	152	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	181	1	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	181	2	court	court	NOUN
cblr-10943	181	3	believed	believe	VERB
cblr-10943	181	4	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	181	5	establishing	establish	VERB
cblr-10943	181	6	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	181	7	bright	bright	ADJ
cblr-10943	181	8	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	181	9	line	line	NOUN
cblr-10943	181	10	rule	rule	NOUN
cblr-10943	181	11	protecting	protect	VERB
cblr-10943	181	12	expert	expert	ADJ
cblr-10943	181	13	testimony	testimony	NOUN
cblr-10943	181	14	would	would	AUX
cblr-10943	181	15	allow	allow	VERB
cblr-10943	181	16	bad	bad	ADJ
cblr-10943	181	17	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	181	18	faith	faith	NOUN
cblr-10943	181	19	experts	expert	NOUN
cblr-10943	181	20	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	181	21	avoid	avoid	VERB
cblr-10943	181	22	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	181	23	liability	liability	NOUN
cblr-10943	181	24	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	181	25	expert	expert	NOUN
cblr-10943	181	26	determinations	determination	NOUN
cblr-10943	181	27	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	181	28	they	they	PRON
cblr-10943	181	29	did	do	AUX
cblr-10943	181	30	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	181	31	believe	believe	VERB
cblr-10943	181	32	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	181	33	fully	fully	ADV
cblr-10943	181	34	stand	stand	VERB
cblr-10943	181	35	by.63	by.63	PROPN
cblr-10943	181	36	however	however	ADV
cblr-10943	181	37	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	181	38	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	181	39	third	third	ADJ
cblr-10943	181	40	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	181	41	also	also	ADV
cblr-10943	181	42	attempted	attempt	VERB
cblr-10943	181	43	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	181	44	reconcile	reconcile	VERB
cblr-10943	181	45	its	its	PRON
cblr-10943	181	46	interpretation	interpretation	NOUN
cblr-10943	181	47	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	181	48	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	181	49	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	181	50	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	181	51	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	181	52	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	181	53	eleventh	eleventh	ADJ
cblr-10943	181	54	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	181	55	by	by	ADP
cblr-10943	181	56	stating	state	VERB
cblr-10943	181	57	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	181	58	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	181	59	eleventh	eleventh	ADJ
cblr-10943	181	60	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	181	61	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	181	62	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
cblr-10943	181	63	on	on	ADP
cblr-10943	181	64	objectivity	objectivity	NOUN
cblr-10943	181	65	would	would	AUX
cblr-10943	181	66	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	181	67	better	well	ADV
cblr-10943	181	68	applied	apply	VERB
cblr-10943	181	69	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	181	70	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	181	71	element	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	181	72	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	181	73	scienter.64	scienter.64	PROPN
cblr-10943	181	74	ultimately	ultimately	ADV
cblr-10943	181	75	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	181	76	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	181	77	third	third	ADJ
cblr-10943	181	78	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	181	79	rejected	reject	VERB
cblr-10943	181	80	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	181	81	objective	objective	ADJ
cblr-10943	181	82	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	181	83	standard	standard	NOUN
cblr-10943	181	84	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	181	85	allowed	allow	VERB
cblr-10943	181	86	legal	legal	ADJ
cblr-10943	181	87	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	181	88	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	181	89	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	181	90	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB
cblr-10943	181	91	through	through	ADP
cblr-10943	181	92	59	59	NUM
cblr-10943	181	93	i	i	PROPN
cblr-10943	181	94	d.	d.	PROPN
cblr-10943	181	95	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	181	96	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	181	97	care	care	NOUN
cblr-10943	181	98	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
cblr-10943	181	99	moved	move	VERB
cblr-10943	181	100	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	181	101	summary	summary	NOUN
cblr-10943	181	102	judgment	judgment	NOUN
cblr-10943	181	103	arguing	argue	VERB
cblr-10943	181	104	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	181	105	appellants	appellant	NOUN
cblr-10943	181	106	could	could	AUX
cblr-10943	181	107	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	181	108	make	make	VERB
cblr-10943	181	109	out	out	ADP
cblr-10943	181	110	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	181	111	four	four	NUM
cblr-10943	181	112	prima	prima	NOUN
cblr-10943	181	113	facie	facie	NOUN
cblr-10943	181	114	elements	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	181	115	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	181	116	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	181	117	claim	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	181	118	under	under	ADP
cblr-10943	181	119	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	181	120	fca	fca	NOUN
cblr-10943	181	121	:	:	PUNCT
cblr-10943	181	122	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	181	123	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	181	124	causation	causation	NOUN
cblr-10943	181	125	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	181	126	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cblr-10943	181	127	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	181	128	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	181	129	materiality	materiality	NOUN
cblr-10943	181	130	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	181	131	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	181	132	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	181	133	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	182	1	60	60	NUM
cblr-10943	183	1	i	i	PRON
cblr-10943	183	2	d.	d.	NOUN
cblr-10943	183	3	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	183	4	95	95	NUM
cblr-10943	183	5	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	183	6	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	183	7	[	[	X
cblr-10943	183	8	w]e	w]e	NOUN
cblr-10943	183	9	decline	decline	VERB
cblr-10943	183	10	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	183	11	adopt	adopt	VERB
cblr-10943	183	12	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	183	13	district	district	NOUN
cblr-10943	183	14	court	court	NOUN
cblr-10943	183	15	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	183	16	‘	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	183	17	objective	objective	ADJ
cblr-10943	183	18	’	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	183	19	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	183	20	standard	standard	NOUN
cblr-10943	183	21	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	183	22	as	as	SCONJ
cblr-10943	183	23	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	183	24	test	test	NOUN
cblr-10943	183	25	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	183	26	inconsistent	inconsistent	ADJ
cblr-10943	183	27	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	183	28	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	183	29	statute	statute	NOUN
cblr-10943	183	30	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	183	31	contrary	contrary	ADJ
cblr-10943	183	32	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	183	33	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	183	34	court	court	NOUN
cblr-10943	183	35	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	183	36	interpretations	interpretation	NOUN
cblr-10943	183	37	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	183	38	what	what	PRON
cblr-10943	183	39	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	183	40	required	require	VERB
cblr-10943	183	41	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	183	42	legal	legal	ADJ
cblr-10943	183	43	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	183	44	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	183	45	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	183	46	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	183	47	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	184	1	61	61	NUM
cblr-10943	185	1	i	i	PRON
cblr-10943	185	2	d.	d.	NOUN
cblr-10943	185	3	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	185	4	98	98	NUM
cblr-10943	185	5	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	185	6	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	185	7	contrary	contrary	ADJ
cblr-10943	185	8	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	185	9	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	185	10	district	district	NOUN
cblr-10943	185	11	court	court	NOUN
cblr-10943	185	12	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	185	13	reasoning	reasoning	NOUN
cblr-10943	185	14	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	185	15	medical	medical	ADJ
cblr-10943	185	16	opinions	opinion	NOUN
cblr-10943	185	17	may	may	AUX
cblr-10943	185	18	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	185	19	‘	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	185	20	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	185	21	’	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	185	22	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	185	23	an	an	DET
cblr-10943	185	24	expert	expert	NOUN
cblr-10943	185	25	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	185	26	testimony	testimony	NOUN
cblr-10943	185	27	challenging	challenge	VERB
cblr-10943	185	28	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	185	29	physician	physician	NOUN
cblr-10943	185	30	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	185	31	medical	medical	ADJ
cblr-10943	185	32	opinion	opinion	NOUN
cblr-10943	185	33	can	can	AUX
cblr-10943	185	34	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	185	35	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
cblr-10943	185	36	evidence	evidence	NOUN
cblr-10943	185	37	for	for	SCONJ
cblr-10943	185	38	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	185	39	jury	jury	NOUN
cblr-10943	185	40	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	185	41	consider	consider	VERB
cblr-10943	185	42	on	on	ADP
cblr-10943	185	43	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	185	44	question	question	NOUN
cblr-10943	185	45	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	185	46	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	185	47	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	185	48	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	185	49	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	185	50	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	186	1	62	62	NUM
cblr-10943	187	1	i	i	PRON
cblr-10943	187	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cblr-10943	187	3	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	187	4	explaining	explain	VERB
cblr-10943	187	5	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	187	6	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	187	7	clinical	clinical	ADJ
cblr-10943	187	8	judgement	judgement	NOUN
cblr-10943	187	9	could	could	AUX
cblr-10943	187	10	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	187	11	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	187	12	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	187	13	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	188	1	63	63	NUM
cblr-10943	189	1	i	i	PRON
cblr-10943	189	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cblr-10943	189	3	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	189	4	describing	describe	VERB
cblr-10943	189	5	ruling	ruling	NOUN
cblr-10943	189	6	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	189	7	sixth	sixth	ADJ
cblr-10943	189	8	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	189	9	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	189	10	rejected	reject	VERB
cblr-10943	189	11	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	189	12	bright	bright	ADJ
cblr-10943	189	13	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	189	14	line	line	NOUN
cblr-10943	189	15	rule	rule	NOUN
cblr-10943	189	16	protecting	protect	VERB
cblr-10943	189	17	expert	expert	ADJ
cblr-10943	189	18	testimony	testimony	NOUN
cblr-10943	189	19	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	189	20	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	190	1	64	64	NUM
cblr-10943	191	1	i	i	PRON
cblr-10943	191	2	d.	d.	NOUN
cblr-10943	191	3	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	191	4	100	100	NUM
cblr-10943	191	5	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	191	6	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	191	7	however	however	ADV
cblr-10943	191	8	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	191	9	we	we	PRON
cblr-10943	191	10	find	find	VERB
cblr-10943	191	11	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	191	12	objectivity	objectivity	NOUN
cblr-10943	191	13	speaks	speak	VERB
cblr-10943	191	14	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	191	15	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	191	16	element	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	191	17	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	191	18	scienter	scienter	NOUN
cblr-10943	191	19	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	191	20	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	191	21	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	191	22	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	191	23	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	191	24	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	191	25	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	192	1	no	no	INTJ
cblr-10943	192	2	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	193	1	2:993	2:993	NUM
cblr-10943	193	2	]	]	PUNCT
cblr-10943	193	3	reconsidering	reconsider	VERB
cblr-10943	193	4	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	193	5	role	role	NOUN
cblr-10943	193	6	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	193	7	expert	expert	ADJ
cblr-10943	193	8	discretion	discretion	NOUN
cblr-10943	193	9	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	193	10	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	193	11	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	193	12	1007	1007	NUM
cblr-10943	193	13	conflicting	conflicting	ADJ
cblr-10943	193	14	expert	expert	NOUN
cblr-10943	193	15	testimony	testimony	NOUN
cblr-10943	193	16	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	193	17	relying	rely	VERB
cblr-10943	193	18	on	on	ADP
cblr-10943	193	19	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	193	20	scienter	scienter	NOUN
cblr-10943	193	21	element	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	193	22	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	193	23	protect	protect	VERB
cblr-10943	193	24	legitimate	legitimate	ADJ
cblr-10943	193	25	expert	expert	NOUN
cblr-10943	193	26	discretion.65	discretion.65	PROPN
cblr-10943	193	27	similarly	similarly	ADV
cblr-10943	193	28	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	193	29	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	193	30	winter	winter	NOUN
cblr-10943	193	31	ex	ex	NOUN
cblr-10943	193	32	rel	rel	PROPN
cblr-10943	193	33	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	194	1	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	194	2	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	194	3	v.	v.	PROPN
cblr-10943	194	4	gardens	gardens	PROPN
cblr-10943	194	5	regional	regional	ADJ
cblr-10943	194	6	hospital	hospital	NOUN
cblr-10943	194	7	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	194	8	relators	relator	NOUN
cblr-10943	194	9	brought	bring	VERB
cblr-10943	194	10	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	194	11	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	194	12	claim	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	194	13	against	against	ADP
cblr-10943	194	14	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	194	15	defendant	defendant	NOUN
cblr-10943	194	16	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	194	17	alleging	allege	VERB
cblr-10943	194	18	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	194	19	physicians	physician	NOUN
cblr-10943	194	20	improperly	improperly	ADV
cblr-10943	194	21	admitted	admit	VERB
cblr-10943	194	22	an	an	DET
cblr-10943	194	23	excessive	excessive	ADJ
cblr-10943	194	24	proportion	proportion	NOUN
cblr-10943	194	25	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	194	26	patients	patient	NOUN
cblr-10943	194	27	from	from	ADP
cblr-10943	194	28	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	194	29	nearby	nearby	ADJ
cblr-10943	194	30	nursing	nursing	NOUN
cblr-10943	194	31	home	home	NOUN
cblr-10943	194	32	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	194	33	inpatient	inpatient	NOUN
cblr-10943	194	34	treatment	treatment	NOUN
cblr-10943	194	35	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	194	36	inflate	inflate	VERB
cblr-10943	194	37	medicare	medicare	NOUN
cblr-10943	194	38	reimbursement	reimbursement	NOUN
cblr-10943	194	39	bills.66	bills.66	NOUN
cblr-10943	194	40	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	194	41	physicians	physician	NOUN
cblr-10943	194	42	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	194	43	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	194	44	case	case	NOUN
cblr-10943	194	45	were	be	AUX
cblr-10943	194	46	required	require	VERB
cblr-10943	194	47	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	194	48	determine	determine	VERB
cblr-10943	194	49	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	194	50	document	document	VERB
cblr-10943	194	51	whether	whether	SCONJ
cblr-10943	194	52	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	194	53	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	194	54	complex	complex	ADJ
cblr-10943	194	55	medical	medical	ADJ
cblr-10943	194	56	factors	factor	NOUN
cblr-10943	194	57	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	194	58	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	194	59	question	question	NOUN
cblr-10943	194	60	warranted	warrant	VERB
cblr-10943	194	61	patients	patient	NOUN
cblr-10943	194	62	’	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	194	63	admissions	admission	NOUN
cblr-10943	194	64	into	into	ADP
cblr-10943	194	65	inpatient	inpatient	NOUN
cblr-10943	194	66	treatment	treatment	NOUN
cblr-10943	194	67	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	194	68	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	194	69	hospital.67	hospital.67	NOUN
cblr-10943	194	70	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	194	71	relator	relator	NOUN
cblr-10943	194	72	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	194	73	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	194	74	action	action	NOUN
cblr-10943	194	75	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	194	76	an	an	DET
cblr-10943	194	77	experienced	experienced	ADJ
cblr-10943	194	78	nurse	nurse	NOUN
cblr-10943	194	79	whom	whom	PRON
cblr-10943	194	80	gardens	gardens	PROPN
cblr-10943	194	81	regional	regional	NOUN
cblr-10943	194	82	had	have	AUX
cblr-10943	194	83	recently	recently	ADV
cblr-10943	194	84	hired	hire	VERB
cblr-10943	194	85	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	194	86	claimed	claim	VERB
cblr-10943	194	87	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	194	88	when	when	SCONJ
cblr-10943	194	89	she	she	PRON
cblr-10943	194	90	raised	raise	VERB
cblr-10943	194	91	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	194	92	issue	issue	NOUN
cblr-10943	194	93	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	194	94	improper	improper	ADJ
cblr-10943	194	95	admission	admission	NOUN
cblr-10943	194	96	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	194	97	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	194	98	responsible	responsible	ADJ
cblr-10943	194	99	physicians	physician	NOUN
cblr-10943	194	100	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	194	101	her	her	PRON
cblr-10943	194	102	concerns	concern	NOUN
cblr-10943	194	103	were	be	AUX
cblr-10943	194	104	ignored	ignore	VERB
cblr-10943	194	105	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	194	106	rebuffed	rebuff	VERB
cblr-10943	194	107	by	by	ADP
cblr-10943	194	108	other	other	ADJ
cblr-10943	194	109	physicians	physician	NOUN
cblr-10943	194	110	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	194	111	hospital	hospital	NOUN
cblr-10943	194	112	administrators.68	administrators.68	PROPN
cblr-10943	194	113	thus	thus	ADV
cblr-10943	194	114	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	194	115	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	194	116	relator	relator	NOUN
cblr-10943	194	117	alleged	allege	VERB
cblr-10943	194	118	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	194	119	these	these	DET
cblr-10943	194	120	physicians	physician	NOUN
cblr-10943	194	121	knowingly	knowingly	ADV
cblr-10943	194	122	abused	abuse	VERB
cblr-10943	194	123	their	their	PRON
cblr-10943	194	124	professional	professional	ADJ
cblr-10943	194	125	standing	standing	NOUN
cblr-10943	194	126	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	194	127	submit	submit	VERB
cblr-10943	194	128	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	194	129	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	194	130	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	194	131	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	194	132	federal	federal	ADJ
cblr-10943	194	133	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	194	134	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	194	135	reimbursement	reimbursement	NOUN
cblr-10943	194	136	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	195	1	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	195	2	district	district	NOUN
cblr-10943	195	3	court	court	NOUN
cblr-10943	195	4	granted	grant	VERB
cblr-10943	195	5	gardens	gardens	PROPN
cblr-10943	195	6	regional	regional	NOUN
cblr-10943	195	7	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	195	8	motion	motion	NOUN
cblr-10943	195	9	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	195	10	dismiss	dismiss	VERB
cblr-10943	195	11	based	base	VERB
cblr-10943	195	12	on	on	ADP
cblr-10943	195	13	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	195	14	objective	objective	ADJ
cblr-10943	195	15	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	195	16	theory	theory	NOUN
cblr-10943	195	17	as	as	SCONJ
cblr-10943	195	18	applied	apply	VERB
cblr-10943	195	19	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	195	20	expert	expert	NOUN
cblr-10943	195	21	physician	physician	NOUN
cblr-10943	195	22	judgment	judgment	NOUN
cblr-10943	195	23	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	195	24	ruling	rule	VERB
cblr-10943	195	25	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	195	26	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	195	27	physicians	physician	NOUN
cblr-10943	195	28	’	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	195	29	judgment	judgment	NOUN
cblr-10943	195	30	could	could	AUX
cblr-10943	195	31	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	195	32	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	195	33	found	find	VERB
cblr-10943	195	34	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	195	35	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	195	36	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	195	37	if	if	SCONJ
cblr-10943	195	38	these	these	DET
cblr-10943	195	39	physicians	physician	NOUN
cblr-10943	195	40	are	be	AUX
cblr-10943	195	41	acting	act	VERB
cblr-10943	195	42	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	195	43	good	good	ADJ
cblr-10943	195	44	faith.69	faith.69	NOUN
cblr-10943	195	45	however	however	ADV
cblr-10943	195	46	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	195	47	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	195	48	ninth	ninth	ADJ
cblr-10943	195	49	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	195	50	overruled	overrule	VERB
cblr-10943	195	51	65	65	NUM
cblr-10943	196	1	i	i	PROPN
cblr-10943	196	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cblr-10943	196	3	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	196	4	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	196	5	so	so	ADV
cblr-10943	196	6	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	196	7	regarding	regard	VERB
cblr-10943	196	8	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	196	9	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	196	10	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	196	11	we	we	PRON
cblr-10943	196	12	reject	reject	VERB
cblr-10943	196	13	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	196	14	objective	objective	ADJ
cblr-10943	196	15	falsehood	falsehood	NOUN
cblr-10943	196	16	standard	standard	NOUN
cblr-10943	196	17	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	197	1	instead	instead	ADV
cblr-10943	197	2	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	197	3	we	we	PRON
cblr-10943	197	4	hold	hold	VERB
cblr-10943	197	5	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	197	6	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	197	7	purposes	purpose	NOUN
cblr-10943	197	8	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	197	9	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	197	10	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	197	11	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	197	12	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	197	13	claim	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	197	14	may	may	AUX
cblr-10943	197	15	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	197	16	‘	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	197	17	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	197	18	’	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	197	19	under	under	ADP
cblr-10943	197	20	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	197	21	theory	theory	NOUN
cblr-10943	197	22	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	197	23	legal	legal	ADJ
cblr-10943	197	24	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	197	25	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	197	26	where	where	SCONJ
cblr-10943	197	27	it	it	PRON
cblr-10943	197	28	fails	fail	VERB
cblr-10943	197	29	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	197	30	comply	comply	VERB
cblr-10943	197	31	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	197	32	statutory	statutory	ADJ
cblr-10943	197	33	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	197	34	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
cblr-10943	197	35	requirements	requirement	NOUN
cblr-10943	197	36	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	197	37	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	197	38	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	197	39	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	198	1	66	66	NUM
cblr-10943	198	2	winter	winter	NOUN
cblr-10943	198	3	ex	ex	X
cblr-10943	198	4	rel	rel	PROPN
cblr-10943	198	5	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	199	1	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	199	2	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	199	3	v.	v.	PROPN
cblr-10943	199	4	gardens	gardens	PROPN
cblr-10943	199	5	reg’l	reg’l	NUM
cblr-10943	199	6	hosp	hosp	PROPN
cblr-10943	199	7	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	199	8	&	&	CCONJ
cblr-10943	199	9	med	med	PROPN
cblr-10943	199	10	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	199	11	ctr	ctr	PROPN
cblr-10943	199	12	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	199	13	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	199	14	inc	inc	PROPN
cblr-10943	199	15	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	199	16	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	199	17	953	953	NUM
cblr-10943	199	18	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cblr-10943	199	19	1108	1108	NUM
cblr-10943	199	20	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	199	21	1115	1115	NUM
cblr-10943	199	22	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	199	23	9th	9th	ADJ
cblr-10943	199	24	cir	cir	NOUN
cblr-10943	199	25	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	199	26	2020	2020	NUM
cblr-10943	199	27	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	199	28	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	199	29	cert	cert	PROPN
cblr-10943	199	30	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	199	31	denied	deny	VERB
cblr-10943	199	32	sub	sub	PROPN
cblr-10943	199	33	nom	nom	PROPN
cblr-10943	199	34	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	199	35	rollinsnelson	rollinsnelson	PROPN
cblr-10943	199	36	ltc	ltc	PROPN
cblr-10943	199	37	corp	corp	PROPN
cblr-10943	199	38	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	200	1	v.	v.	PROPN
cblr-10943	200	2	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	200	3	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	200	4	ex	ex	PROPN
cblr-10943	200	5	rel	rel	PROPN
cblr-10943	200	6	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	201	1	winters	winter	NOUN
cblr-10943	201	2	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	201	3	141	141	NUM
cblr-10943	201	4	s.	s.	PROPN
cblr-10943	201	5	ct	ct	PROPN
cblr-10943	201	6	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	201	7	1380	1380	NUM
cblr-10943	201	8	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	201	9	209	209	NUM
cblr-10943	201	10	l.	l.	PROPN
cblr-10943	201	11	ed	ed	PROPN
cblr-10943	201	12	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	202	1	2d	2d	PROPN
cblr-10943	202	2	124	124	NUM
cblr-10943	202	3	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	202	4	2021	2021	NUM
cblr-10943	202	5	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	202	6	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	203	1	67	67	NUM
cblr-10943	204	1	i	i	PRON
cblr-10943	204	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cblr-10943	204	3	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	204	4	1114	1114	NUM
cblr-10943	204	5	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	205	1	68	68	NUM
cblr-10943	206	1	i	i	PRON
cblr-10943	206	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cblr-10943	206	3	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	206	4	1115–16	1115–16	NUM
cblr-10943	206	5	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	206	6	describing	describe	VERB
cblr-10943	206	7	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	206	8	interactions	interaction	NOUN
cblr-10943	206	9	between	between	ADP
cblr-10943	206	10	winter	winter	NOUN
cblr-10943	206	11	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	206	12	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	206	13	physicians	physician	NOUN
cblr-10943	206	14	/	/	SYM
cblr-10943	206	15	hospital	hospital	NOUN
cblr-10943	206	16	administrators	administrator	NOUN
cblr-10943	206	17	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	206	18	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	207	1	69	69	NUM
cblr-10943	208	1	i	i	PRON
cblr-10943	208	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cblr-10943	208	3	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	208	4	1116	1116	NUM
cblr-10943	208	5	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	208	6	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	208	7	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	208	8	district	district	NOUN
cblr-10943	208	9	court	court	NOUN
cblr-10943	208	10	granted	grant	VERB
cblr-10943	208	11	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	208	12	motions	motion	NOUN
cblr-10943	208	13	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	208	14	dismissing	dismiss	VERB
cblr-10943	208	15	winter	winter	NOUN
cblr-10943	208	16	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	208	17	three	three	NUM
cblr-10943	208	18	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	208	19	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	208	20	against	against	ADP
cblr-10943	208	21	all	all	DET
cblr-10943	208	22	defendants	defendant	NOUN
cblr-10943	208	23	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	208	24	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	208	25	same	same	ADJ
cblr-10943	208	26	reasons	reason	NOUN
cblr-10943	208	27	:	:	PUNCT
cblr-10943	208	28	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	208	29	1	1	X
cblr-10943	208	30	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	208	31	because	because	SCONJ
cblr-10943	208	32	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	208	33	determination	determination	NOUN
cblr-10943	208	34	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	208	35	‘	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	208	36	medical	medical	ADJ
cblr-10943	208	37	necessity	necessity	NOUN
cblr-10943	208	38	’	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	208	39	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	208	40	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	208	41	‘	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	208	42	subjective	subjective	ADJ
cblr-10943	208	43	medical	medical	ADJ
cblr-10943	208	44	opinion	opinion	NOUN
cblr-10943	208	45	[	[	PUNCT
cblr-10943	208	46	]	]	X
cblr-10943	208	47	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	208	48	can	can	AUX
cblr-10943	208	49	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	208	50	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	208	51	proven	prove	VERB
cblr-10943	208	52	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	208	53	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	208	54	objectively	objectively	ADV
cblr-10943	208	55	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	208	56	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	208	57	’	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	208	58	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	208	59	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	208	60	2	2	NUM
cblr-10943	208	61	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	208	62	because	because	SCONJ
cblr-10943	208	63	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	208	64	alleged	allege	VERB
cblr-10943	208	65	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	208	66	statements	statement	NOUN
cblr-10943	208	67	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	208	68	which	which	PRON
cblr-10943	208	69	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	208	70	district	district	NOUN
cblr-10943	208	71	court	court	NOUN
cblr-10943	208	72	characterized	characterize	VERB
cblr-10943	208	73	as	as	ADP
cblr-10943	208	74	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	208	75	1008	1008	PROPN
cblr-10943	208	76	columbia	columbia	PROPN
cblr-10943	208	77	business	business	NOUN
cblr-10943	208	78	law	law	PROPN
cblr-10943	208	79	review	review	NOUN
cblr-10943	208	80	[	[	X
cblr-10943	208	81	vol	vol	NOUN
cblr-10943	208	82	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	208	83	2022	2022	NUM
cblr-10943	208	84	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	208	85	lower	low	ADJ
cblr-10943	208	86	court	court	NOUN
cblr-10943	208	87	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	208	88	use	use	NOUN
cblr-10943	208	89	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	208	90	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	208	91	objective	objective	ADJ
cblr-10943	208	92	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	208	93	standard	standard	NOUN
cblr-10943	208	94	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	208	95	also	also	ADV
cblr-10943	208	96	allowed	allow	VERB
cblr-10943	208	97	legal	legal	ADJ
cblr-10943	208	98	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	208	99	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	208	100	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	208	101	applied	apply	VERB
cblr-10943	208	102	against	against	ADP
cblr-10943	208	103	expert	expert	NOUN
cblr-10943	208	104	physician	physician	NOUN
cblr-10943	208	105	judgment	judgment	NOUN
cblr-10943	208	106	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	208	107	similarly	similarly	ADV
cblr-10943	208	108	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	208	109	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	208	110	holding	holding	NOUN
cblr-10943	208	111	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	208	112	carealternatives.70	carealternatives.70	NOUN
cblr-10943	208	113	notably	notably	ADV
cblr-10943	208	114	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	208	115	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	208	116	ninth	ninth	ADJ
cblr-10943	208	117	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	208	118	believed	believe	VERB
cblr-10943	208	119	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	208	120	its	its	PRON
cblr-10943	208	121	ruling	ruling	NOUN
cblr-10943	208	122	was	be	AUX
cblr-10943	208	123	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	208	124	necessarily	necessarily	ADV
cblr-10943	208	125	contrary	contrary	ADJ
cblr-10943	208	126	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	208	127	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	208	128	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	208	129	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	208	130	eleventh	eleventh	ADJ
cblr-10943	208	131	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	208	132	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	208	133	aseracare	aseracare	ADJ
cblr-10943	208	134	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	209	1	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	209	2	ninth	ninth	ADJ
cblr-10943	209	3	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	209	4	chose	choose	VERB
cblr-10943	209	5	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	209	6	interpret	interpret	VERB
cblr-10943	209	7	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	209	8	aseracare	aseracare	ADJ
cblr-10943	209	9	ruling	ruling	NOUN
cblr-10943	209	10	narrowly	narrowly	ADV
cblr-10943	209	11	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	209	12	concern	concern	NOUN
cblr-10943	209	13	only	only	ADV
cblr-10943	209	14	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	209	15	whether	whether	SCONJ
cblr-10943	209	16	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	209	17	reasonable	reasonable	ADJ
cblr-10943	209	18	disagreement	disagreement	NOUN
cblr-10943	209	19	between	between	ADP
cblr-10943	209	20	physicians	physician	NOUN
cblr-10943	209	21	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	209	22	without	without	ADP
cblr-10943	209	23	more	more	ADV
cblr-10943	209	24	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	209	25	was	be	AUX
cblr-10943	209	26	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ
cblr-10943	209	27	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	209	28	prove	prove	VERB
cblr-10943	209	29	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	209	30	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	209	31	summary	summary	NOUN
cblr-10943	209	32	judgment	judgment	NOUN
cblr-10943	209	33	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	210	1	”71	”71	NOUN
cblr-10943	210	2	ultimately	ultimately	ADV
cblr-10943	210	3	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	210	4	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	210	5	supreme	supreme	PROPN
cblr-10943	210	6	court	court	PROPN
cblr-10943	210	7	denied	deny	VERB
cblr-10943	210	8	certiorari	certiorari	NOUN
cblr-10943	210	9	on	on	ADP
cblr-10943	210	10	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	210	11	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	210	12	split	split	VERB
cblr-10943	210	13	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	210	14	february	february	PROPN
cblr-10943	210	15	2021.72	2021.72	NUM
cblr-10943	210	16	as	as	ADP
cblr-10943	210	17	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	210	18	result	result	NOUN
cblr-10943	210	19	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	210	20	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	210	21	answer	answer	NOUN
cblr-10943	210	22	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	210	23	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	210	24	question	question	NOUN
cblr-10943	210	25	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	210	26	whether	whether	SCONJ
cblr-10943	210	27	conflicting	conflict	VERB
cblr-10943	210	28	expert	expert	NOUN
cblr-10943	210	29	testimony	testimony	NOUN
cblr-10943	210	30	can	can	AUX
cblr-10943	210	31	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	210	32	used	use	VERB
cblr-10943	210	33	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	210	34	establish	establish	VERB
cblr-10943	210	35	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	210	36	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	210	37	element	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	210	38	currently	currently	ADV
cblr-10943	210	39	varies	vary	VERB
cblr-10943	210	40	across	across	ADP
cblr-10943	210	41	jurisdictions	jurisdiction	NOUN
cblr-10943	210	42	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	211	1	c.	c.	NOUN
cblr-10943	211	2	ramifications	ramification	NOUN
cblr-10943	211	3	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	211	4	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	211	5	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	211	6	split	split	VERB
cblr-10943	211	7	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	211	8	primary	primary	ADJ
cblr-10943	211	9	question	question	NOUN
cblr-10943	211	10	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	211	11	issue	issue	NOUN
cblr-10943	211	12	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	211	13	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	211	14	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	211	15	split	split	NOUN
cblr-10943	211	16	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	211	17	whether	whether	SCONJ
cblr-10943	211	18	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	211	19	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	211	20	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	211	21	relator(s	relator(s	NOUN
cblr-10943	211	22	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	211	23	may	may	AUX
cblr-10943	211	24	use	use	VERB
cblr-10943	211	25	their	their	PRON
cblr-10943	211	26	own	own	ADJ
cblr-10943	211	27	expert	expert	NOUN
cblr-10943	211	28	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	211	29	testimony	testimony	NOUN
cblr-10943	211	30	against	against	ADP
cblr-10943	211	31	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	211	32	defendants	defendant	NOUN
cblr-10943	211	33	’	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	211	34	expert	expert	ADJ
cblr-10943	211	35	testimony	testimony	NOUN
cblr-10943	211	36	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	211	37	establish	establish	VERB
cblr-10943	211	38	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	211	39	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	211	40	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	211	41	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	211	42	proceeding	proceeding	NOUN
cblr-10943	211	43	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	212	1	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	212	2	courts	court	NOUN
cblr-10943	212	3	appear	appear	VERB
cblr-10943	212	4	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	212	5	follow	follow	VERB
cblr-10943	212	6	either	either	CCONJ
cblr-10943	212	7	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	212	8	eleventh	eleventh	ADJ
cblr-10943	212	9	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	212	10	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	212	11	approach	approach	NOUN
cblr-10943	212	12	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	212	13	utilizing	utilize	VERB
cblr-10943	212	14	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	212	15	objective	objective	ADJ
cblr-10943	212	16	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	212	17	standard	standard	NOUN
cblr-10943	212	18	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	212	19	preventing	prevent	VERB
cblr-10943	212	20	conflicting	conflicting	ADJ
cblr-10943	212	21	expert	expert	ADJ
cblr-10943	212	22	testimony	testimony	NOUN
cblr-10943	212	23	from	from	ADP
cblr-10943	212	24	establishing	establish	VERB
cblr-10943	212	25	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	212	26	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	212	27	element,73	element,73	NOUN
cblr-10943	212	28	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	212	29	follow	follow	VERB
cblr-10943	212	30	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	212	31	third	third	ADJ
cblr-10943	212	32	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	212	33	ninth	ninth	ADJ
cblr-10943	212	34	circuits	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	212	35	’	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	212	36	approach	approach	NOUN
cblr-10943	212	37	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	212	38	rejecting	reject	VERB
cblr-10943	212	39	objective	objective	ADJ
cblr-10943	212	40	‘	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	212	41	failure	failure	NOUN
cblr-10943	212	42	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	212	43	meet	meet	VERB
cblr-10943	212	44	interqual	interqual	ADJ
cblr-10943	212	45	criteria	criterion	NOUN
cblr-10943	212	46	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	212	47	’	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	212	48	were	be	AUX
cblr-10943	212	49	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	212	50	material	material	ADJ
cblr-10943	212	51	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	212	52	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	213	1	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	213	2	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	213	3	internal	internal	ADJ
cblr-10943	213	4	citation	citation	NOUN
cblr-10943	213	5	omitted	omit	VERB
cblr-10943	213	6	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	213	7	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	214	1	70	70	NUM
cblr-10943	215	1	i	i	PRON
cblr-10943	215	2	d.	d.	VERB
cblr-10943	215	3	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	215	4	1113–20	1113–20	PROPN
cblr-10943	215	5	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	215	6	invoking	invoke	VERB
cblr-10943	215	7	similar	similar	ADJ
cblr-10943	215	8	arguments	argument	NOUN
cblr-10943	215	9	as	as	ADP
cblr-10943	215	10	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	215	11	care	care	NOUN
cblr-10943	215	12	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
cblr-10943	215	13	about	about	ADP
cblr-10943	215	14	scienter	scienter	NOUN
cblr-10943	215	15	being	be	AUX
cblr-10943	215	16	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ
cblr-10943	215	17	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	215	18	protect	protect	VERB
cblr-10943	215	19	physicians	physician	NOUN
cblr-10943	215	20	exercising	exercise	VERB
cblr-10943	215	21	their	their	PRON
cblr-10943	215	22	judgment	judgment	NOUN
cblr-10943	215	23	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	215	24	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	216	1	71	71	NUM
cblr-10943	217	1	i	i	PRON
cblr-10943	217	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cblr-10943	217	3	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	217	4	1118	1118	NUM
cblr-10943	217	5	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	218	1	72	72	NUM
cblr-10943	218	2	care	care	NOUN
cblr-10943	218	3	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
cblr-10943	218	4	v.	v.	ADP
cblr-10943	218	5	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	218	6	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	218	7	ex	ex	PROPN
cblr-10943	218	8	rel	rel	NOUN
cblr-10943	218	9	druding	drude	VERB
cblr-10943	218	10	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	218	11	141	141	NUM
cblr-10943	218	12	s.	s.	PROPN
cblr-10943	218	13	ct	ct	PROPN
cblr-10943	218	14	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	218	15	1371	1371	NUM
cblr-10943	218	16	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	218	17	1371	1371	NUM
cblr-10943	218	18	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	218	19	2021	2021	NUM
cblr-10943	218	20	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	218	21	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	219	1	73	73	NUM
cblr-10943	219	2	aseracare	aseracare	ADJ
cblr-10943	219	3	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	219	4	938	938	NUM
cblr-10943	219	5	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cblr-10943	219	6	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	219	7	1290	1290	NUM
cblr-10943	219	8	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	219	9	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	219	10	because	because	SCONJ
cblr-10943	219	11	‘	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	219	12	[	[	X
cblr-10943	219	13	t]he	t]he	ADJ
cblr-10943	219	14	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	219	15	[	[	PUNCT
cblr-10943	219	16	]	]	PUNCT
cblr-10943	219	17	presented	present	VERB
cblr-10943	219	18	no	no	DET
cblr-10943	219	19	evidence	evidence	NOUN
cblr-10943	219	20	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	219	21	an	an	DET
cblr-10943	219	22	objective	objective	ADJ
cblr-10943	219	23	falsehood	falsehood	NOUN
cblr-10943	219	24	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	219	25	any	any	PRON
cblr-10943	219	26	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	219	27	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	219	28	patients	patient	NOUN
cblr-10943	219	29	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	219	30	issue	issue	NOUN
cblr-10943	219	31	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	219	32	’	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	219	33	it	it	PRON
cblr-10943	219	34	could	could	AUX
cblr-10943	219	35	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	219	36	prove	prove	VERB
cblr-10943	219	37	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	219	38	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	219	39	element	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	219	40	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	219	41	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	219	42	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	219	43	as	as	ADP
cblr-10943	219	44	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	219	45	matter	matter	NOUN
cblr-10943	219	46	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	219	47	law	law	NOUN
cblr-10943	219	48	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	219	49	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	219	50	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	219	51	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	219	52	internal	internal	ADJ
cblr-10943	219	53	citation	citation	NOUN
cblr-10943	219	54	omitted	omit	VERB
cblr-10943	219	55	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	219	56	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	220	1	no	no	INTJ
cblr-10943	220	2	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	221	1	2:993	2:993	NUM
cblr-10943	221	2	]	]	PUNCT
cblr-10943	221	3	reconsidering	reconsider	VERB
cblr-10943	221	4	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	221	5	role	role	NOUN
cblr-10943	221	6	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	221	7	expert	expert	ADJ
cblr-10943	221	8	discretion	discretion	NOUN
cblr-10943	221	9	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	221	10	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	221	11	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	221	12	1009	1009	NUM
cblr-10943	221	13	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	221	14	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	221	15	allowing	allow	VERB
cblr-10943	221	16	conflicting	conflict	VERB
cblr-10943	221	17	expert	expert	ADJ
cblr-10943	221	18	testimony	testimony	NOUN
cblr-10943	221	19	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	221	20	establish	establish	VERB
cblr-10943	221	21	falsity.74	falsity.74	VERB
cblr-10943	221	22	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	221	23	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	221	24	split	split	NOUN
cblr-10943	221	25	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	221	26	despite	despite	SCONJ
cblr-10943	221	27	initially	initially	ADV
cblr-10943	221	28	appearing	appear	VERB
cblr-10943	221	29	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	221	30	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	221	31	largely	largely	ADV
cblr-10943	221	32	technical	technical	ADJ
cblr-10943	221	33	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	221	34	has	have	VERB
cblr-10943	221	35	immense	immense	ADJ
cblr-10943	221	36	ramifications	ramification	NOUN
cblr-10943	221	37	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	221	38	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	221	39	practical	practical	ADJ
cblr-10943	221	40	application	application	NOUN
cblr-10943	221	41	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	221	42	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	221	43	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	221	44	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	222	1	uniform	uniform	ADJ
cblr-10943	222	2	application	application	NOUN
cblr-10943	222	3	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	222	4	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	222	5	eleventh	eleventh	ADJ
cblr-10943	222	6	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	222	7	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	222	8	objective	objective	ADJ
cblr-10943	222	9	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	222	10	standard	standard	NOUN
cblr-10943	222	11	would	would	AUX
cblr-10943	222	12	lead	lead	VERB
cblr-10943	222	13	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	222	14	significant	significant	ADJ
cblr-10943	222	15	difficulties	difficulty	NOUN
cblr-10943	222	16	when	when	SCONJ
cblr-10943	222	17	relators	relator	NOUN
cblr-10943	222	18	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	222	19	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	222	20	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	222	21	bring	bring	VERB
cblr-10943	222	22	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	222	23	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	222	24	claim	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	222	25	against	against	ADP
cblr-10943	222	26	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	222	27	professional	professional	NOUN
cblr-10943	222	28	who	who	PRON
cblr-10943	222	29	was	be	AUX
cblr-10943	222	30	acting	act	VERB
cblr-10943	222	31	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	222	32	bad	bad	ADJ
cblr-10943	222	33	faith	faith	NOUN
cblr-10943	222	34	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	223	1	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	223	2	heightened	heightened	ADJ
cblr-10943	223	3	presumption	presumption	NOUN
cblr-10943	223	4	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	223	5	validity	validity	NOUN
cblr-10943	223	6	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	223	7	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	223	8	potent	potent	ADJ
cblr-10943	223	9	bulwark	bulwark	NOUN
cblr-10943	223	10	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	223	11	bad	bad	ADJ
cblr-10943	223	12	faith	faith	NOUN
cblr-10943	223	13	professionals	professional	NOUN
cblr-10943	223	14	could	could	AUX
cblr-10943	223	15	potentially	potentially	ADV
cblr-10943	223	16	use	use	VERB
cblr-10943	223	17	against	against	ADP
cblr-10943	223	18	legitimate	legitimate	ADJ
cblr-10943	223	19	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	223	20	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	223	21	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	223	22	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	223	23	pleading	pleading	NOUN
cblr-10943	223	24	stage.75	stage.75	ADP
cblr-10943	223	25	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	223	26	heightened	heighten	VERB
cblr-10943	223	27	bar	bar	NOUN
cblr-10943	223	28	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	223	29	bring	bring	VERB
cblr-10943	223	30	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	223	31	could	could	AUX
cblr-10943	223	32	very	very	ADV
cblr-10943	223	33	likely	likely	ADV
cblr-10943	223	34	revert	revert	VERB
cblr-10943	223	35	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	223	36	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	223	37	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	223	38	its	its	PRON
cblr-10943	223	39	historical	historical	ADJ
cblr-10943	223	40	status	status	NOUN
cblr-10943	223	41	as	as	ADP
cblr-10943	223	42	an	an	DET
cblr-10943	223	43	underused	underused	ADJ
cblr-10943	223	44	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	223	45	ineffective	ineffective	ADJ
cblr-10943	223	46	statute	statute	NOUN
cblr-10943	223	47	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	224	1	if	if	SCONJ
cblr-10943	224	2	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	224	3	third	third	ADJ
cblr-10943	224	4	/	/	SYM
cblr-10943	224	5	ninth	ninth	ADJ
cblr-10943	224	6	circuits	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	224	7	’	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	224	8	approach	approach	NOUN
cblr-10943	224	9	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	224	10	uniformly	uniformly	ADV
cblr-10943	224	11	applied	apply	VERB
cblr-10943	224	12	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	224	13	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	224	14	scienter	scienter	NOUN
cblr-10943	224	15	requirement	requirement	NOUN
cblr-10943	224	16	may	may	AUX
cblr-10943	224	17	ultimately	ultimately	ADV
cblr-10943	224	18	vindicate	vindicate	VERB
cblr-10943	224	19	those	those	DET
cblr-10943	224	20	defendants	defendant	NOUN
cblr-10943	224	21	who	who	PRON
cblr-10943	224	22	simply	simply	ADV
cblr-10943	224	23	relied	rely	VERB
cblr-10943	224	24	on	on	ADP
cblr-10943	224	25	their	their	PRON
cblr-10943	224	26	professional	professional	ADJ
cblr-10943	224	27	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	224	28	good	good	ADJ
cblr-10943	224	29	faith	faith	NOUN
cblr-10943	224	30	judgments	judgment	NOUN
cblr-10943	224	31	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	225	1	however	however	ADV
cblr-10943	225	2	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	225	3	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	225	4	ninth	ninth	ADJ
cblr-10943	225	5	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	225	6	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	225	7	ruling	ruling	NOUN
cblr-10943	225	8	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	225	9	care	care	NOUN
cblr-10943	225	10	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
cblr-10943	225	11	has	have	VERB
cblr-10943	225	12	significant	significant	ADJ
cblr-10943	225	13	ramifications	ramification	NOUN
cblr-10943	225	14	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	225	15	terms	term	NOUN
cblr-10943	225	16	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	225	17	relators	relator	NOUN
cblr-10943	225	18	’	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	225	19	pleadings	pleading	NOUN
cblr-10943	225	20	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	225	21	their	their	PRON
cblr-10943	225	22	ability	ability	NOUN
cblr-10943	225	23	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	225	24	survive	survive	VERB
cblr-10943	225	25	summary	summary	NOUN
cblr-10943	225	26	judgment	judgment	NOUN
cblr-10943	225	27	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	226	1	rejecting	reject	VERB
cblr-10943	226	2	objective	objective	ADJ
cblr-10943	226	3	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	226	4	would	would	AUX
cblr-10943	226	5	allow	allow	VERB
cblr-10943	226	6	significantly	significantly	ADV
cblr-10943	226	7	more	more	ADV
cblr-10943	226	8	potential	potential	ADJ
cblr-10943	226	9	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	226	10	cases	case	NOUN
cblr-10943	226	11	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	226	12	pass	pass	VERB
cblr-10943	226	13	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	226	14	pleadings	pleading	NOUN
cblr-10943	226	15	stage	stage	NOUN
cblr-10943	226	16	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	226	17	opening	open	VERB
cblr-10943	226	18	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	226	19	door	door	NOUN
cblr-10943	226	20	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	226	21	potential	potential	ADJ
cblr-10943	226	22	settlements	settlement	NOUN
cblr-10943	226	23	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	226	24	trials	trial	NOUN
cblr-10943	226	25	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	226	26	as	as	SCONJ
cblr-10943	226	27	scienter	scienter	NOUN
cblr-10943	226	28	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	226	29	allowed	allow	VERB
cblr-10943	226	30	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	226	31	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	226	32	alleged	allege	VERB
cblr-10943	226	33	generally	generally	ADV
cblr-10943	226	34	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	226	35	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	226	36	pleadings	pleading	NOUN
cblr-10943	226	37	stage	stage	NOUN
cblr-10943	226	38	as	as	SCONJ
cblr-10943	226	39	opposed	oppose	VERB
cblr-10943	226	40	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	226	41	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	226	42	heightened	heighten	VERB
cblr-10943	226	43	requirements	requirement	NOUN
cblr-10943	226	44	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	226	45	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	226	46	other	other	ADJ
cblr-10943	226	47	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	226	48	elements.76	elements.76	PROPN
cblr-10943	226	49	this	this	PRON
cblr-10943	226	50	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	226	51	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	226	52	light	light	NOUN
cblr-10943	226	53	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	226	54	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	226	55	statistic	statistic	NOUN
cblr-10943	226	56	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	226	57	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	226	58	vast	vast	ADJ
cblr-10943	226	59	majority	majority	NOUN
cblr-10943	226	60	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	226	61	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	226	62	cases	case	NOUN
cblr-10943	226	63	settle	settle	VERB
cblr-10943	226	64	before	before	ADP
cblr-10943	226	65	going	go	VERB
cblr-10943	226	66	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	226	67	trial	trial	NOUN
cblr-10943	226	68	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	226	69	can	can	AUX
cblr-10943	226	70	lead	lead	VERB
cblr-10943	226	71	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	226	72	increased	increase	VERB
cblr-10943	226	73	74	74	NUM
cblr-10943	226	74	care	care	NOUN
cblr-10943	226	75	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
cblr-10943	226	76	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	226	77	952	952	NUM
cblr-10943	226	78	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cblr-10943	226	79	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	226	80	100	100	NUM
cblr-10943	226	81	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	226	82	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	226	83	so	so	ADV
cblr-10943	226	84	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	226	85	regarding	regard	VERB
cblr-10943	226	86	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	226	87	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	226	88	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	226	89	we	we	PRON
cblr-10943	226	90	reject	reject	VERB
cblr-10943	226	91	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	226	92	objective	objective	ADJ
cblr-10943	226	93	falsehood	falsehood	NOUN
cblr-10943	226	94	standard	standard	NOUN
cblr-10943	226	95	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	227	1	instead	instead	ADV
cblr-10943	227	2	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	227	3	we	we	PRON
cblr-10943	227	4	hold	hold	VERB
cblr-10943	227	5	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	227	6	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	227	7	purposes	purpose	NOUN
cblr-10943	227	8	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	227	9	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	227	10	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	227	11	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	227	12	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	227	13	claim	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	227	14	may	may	AUX
cblr-10943	227	15	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	227	16	‘	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	227	17	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	227	18	’	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	227	19	under	under	ADP
cblr-10943	227	20	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	227	21	theory	theory	NOUN
cblr-10943	227	22	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	227	23	legal	legal	ADJ
cblr-10943	227	24	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	227	25	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	227	26	where	where	SCONJ
cblr-10943	227	27	it	it	PRON
cblr-10943	227	28	fails	fail	VERB
cblr-10943	227	29	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	227	30	comply	comply	VERB
cblr-10943	227	31	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	227	32	statutory	statutory	ADJ
cblr-10943	227	33	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	227	34	regulatory	regulatory	ADJ
cblr-10943	227	35	requirements	requirement	NOUN
cblr-10943	227	36	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	227	37	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	227	38	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	227	39	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	228	1	75	75	NUM
cblr-10943	228	2	bell	bell	NOUN
cblr-10943	228	3	v.	v.	CCONJ
cblr-10943	228	4	cross	cross	PROPN
cblr-10943	228	5	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	228	6	no	no	INTJ
cblr-10943	228	7	.	.	NOUN
cblr-10943	228	8	21	21	NUM
cblr-10943	228	9	-	-	SYM
cblr-10943	228	10	11064	11064	NUM
cblr-10943	228	11	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	228	12	2021	2021	NUM
cblr-10943	228	13	wl	wl	NOUN
cblr-10943	228	14	5544685	5544685	NUM
cblr-10943	228	15	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	228	16	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	228	17	*	*	NOUN
cblr-10943	228	18	3	3	NUM
cblr-10943	228	19	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	228	20	11th	11th	ADJ
cblr-10943	228	21	cir	cir	NOUN
cblr-10943	228	22	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	229	1	nov	nov	PROPN
cblr-10943	229	2	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	229	3	26	26	NUM
cblr-10943	229	4	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	229	5	2021	2021	NUM
cblr-10943	229	6	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	229	7	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	229	8	affirming	affirm	VERB
cblr-10943	229	9	summary	summary	NOUN
cblr-10943	229	10	judgment	judgment	NOUN
cblr-10943	229	11	based	base	VERB
cblr-10943	229	12	on	on	ADP
cblr-10943	229	13	aseracare	aseracare	ADJ
cblr-10943	229	14	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	229	15	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	229	16	simon	simon	PROPN
cblr-10943	229	17	v.	v.	PROPN
cblr-10943	229	18	healthsouth	healthsouth	PROPN
cblr-10943	229	19	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	229	20	sarasota	sarasota	PROPN
cblr-10943	229	21	ltd	ltd	PROPN
cblr-10943	229	22	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	229	23	p’ship	p’ship	PROPN
cblr-10943	229	24	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	229	25	no	no	NOUN
cblr-10943	229	26	.	.	NOUN
cblr-10943	229	27	8:12	8:12	NUM
cblr-10943	229	28	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	229	29	cv-236	cv-236	NOUN
cblr-10943	229	30	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	229	31	vmc	vmc	PROPN
cblr-10943	229	32	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	229	33	aep	aep	PROPN
cblr-10943	229	34	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	229	35	2021	2021	NUM
cblr-10943	229	36	wl	wl	NOUN
cblr-10943	229	37	1989918	1989918	NUM
cblr-10943	229	38	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	229	39	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	229	40	*	*	NOUN
cblr-10943	229	41	3	3	NUM
cblr-10943	229	42	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	229	43	m.d	m.d	PROPN
cblr-10943	229	44	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	229	45	fla	fla	PROPN
cblr-10943	229	46	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	230	1	apr	apr	PROPN
cblr-10943	230	2	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	231	1	14	14	NUM
cblr-10943	231	2	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	231	3	2021	2021	NUM
cblr-10943	231	4	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	232	1	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	232	2	denying	deny	VERB
cblr-10943	232	3	plaintiff	plaintiff	NOUN
cblr-10943	232	4	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	232	5	motion	motion	NOUN
cblr-10943	232	6	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	232	7	relief	relief	NOUN
cblr-10943	232	8	from	from	ADP
cblr-10943	232	9	summary	summary	NOUN
cblr-10943	232	10	judgment	judgment	NOUN
cblr-10943	232	11	based	base	VERB
cblr-10943	232	12	on	on	ADP
cblr-10943	232	13	aseracare	aseracare	ADJ
cblr-10943	232	14	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	232	15	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	233	1	76	76	NUM
cblr-10943	233	2	fed	fed	PROPN
cblr-10943	233	3	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	234	1	r.	r.	PROPN
cblr-10943	234	2	civ	civ	PROPN
cblr-10943	234	3	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	235	1	p.	p.	NOUN
cblr-10943	235	2	9(b	9(b	NUM
cblr-10943	235	3	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	235	4	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	235	5	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	235	6	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	235	7	alleging	allege	VERB
cblr-10943	235	8	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	235	9	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	235	10	mistake	mistake	NOUN
cblr-10943	235	11	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	235	12	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	235	13	party	party	NOUN
cblr-10943	235	14	must	must	AUX
cblr-10943	235	15	state	state	VERB
cblr-10943	235	16	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	235	17	particularity	particularity	NOUN
cblr-10943	235	18	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	235	19	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
cblr-10943	235	20	constituting	constitute	VERB
cblr-10943	235	21	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	235	22	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	235	23	mistake	mistake	NOUN
cblr-10943	235	24	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	236	1	malice	malice	NOUN
cblr-10943	236	2	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	236	3	intent	intent	NOUN
cblr-10943	236	4	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	236	5	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cblr-10943	236	6	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	236	7	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	236	8	other	other	ADJ
cblr-10943	236	9	conditions	condition	NOUN
cblr-10943	236	10	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	236	11	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	236	12	person	person	NOUN
cblr-10943	236	13	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	236	14	mind	mind	NOUN
cblr-10943	236	15	may	may	AUX
cblr-10943	236	16	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	236	17	alleged	allege	VERB
cblr-10943	236	18	generally	generally	ADV
cblr-10943	236	19	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	236	20	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	236	21	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	236	22	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	237	1	1010	1010	NUM
cblr-10943	237	2	columbia	columbia	PROPN
cblr-10943	237	3	business	business	PROPN
cblr-10943	237	4	law	law	PROPN
cblr-10943	237	5	review	review	NOUN
cblr-10943	237	6	[	[	X
cblr-10943	237	7	vol	vol	NOUN
cblr-10943	237	8	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	238	1	2022	2022	NUM
cblr-10943	238	2	incentives	incentive	NOUN
cblr-10943	238	3	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	238	4	frivolous	frivolous	ADJ
cblr-10943	238	5	litigation	litigation	NOUN
cblr-10943	238	6	against	against	ADP
cblr-10943	238	7	businesses	business	NOUN
cblr-10943	238	8	whose	whose	DET
cblr-10943	238	9	professionals	professional	NOUN
cblr-10943	238	10	are	be	AUX
cblr-10943	238	11	acting	act	VERB
cblr-10943	238	12	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	238	13	good	good	ADJ
cblr-10943	238	14	faith.77	faith.77	NOUN
cblr-10943	238	15	essentially	essentially	ADV
cblr-10943	238	16	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	238	17	under	under	ADP
cblr-10943	238	18	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	238	19	third	third	ADJ
cblr-10943	238	20	/	/	SYM
cblr-10943	238	21	ninth	ninth	ADJ
cblr-10943	238	22	circuits	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	238	23	’	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	238	24	regime	regime	NOUN
cblr-10943	238	25	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	238	26	most	most	ADJ
cblr-10943	238	27	relators	relator	NOUN
cblr-10943	238	28	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	238	29	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	238	30	claim	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	238	31	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	238	32	relies	rely	VERB
cblr-10943	238	33	on	on	ADP
cblr-10943	238	34	contestable	contestable	ADJ
cblr-10943	238	35	expert	expert	NOUN
cblr-10943	238	36	testimony	testimony	NOUN
cblr-10943	238	37	would	would	AUX
cblr-10943	238	38	likely	likely	ADV
cblr-10943	238	39	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	238	40	able	able	ADJ
cblr-10943	238	41	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	238	42	survive	survive	VERB
cblr-10943	238	43	summary	summary	NOUN
cblr-10943	238	44	judgment	judgment	NOUN
cblr-10943	238	45	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	238	46	force	force	VERB
cblr-10943	238	47	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	238	48	settlement	settlement	NOUN
cblr-10943	238	49	against	against	ADP
cblr-10943	238	50	these	these	DET
cblr-10943	238	51	qui	qui	X
cblr-10943	238	52	tam	tam	X
cblr-10943	238	53	defendants.78	defendants.78	VERB
cblr-10943	238	54	while	while	SCONJ
cblr-10943	238	55	these	these	DET
cblr-10943	238	56	rulings	ruling	NOUN
cblr-10943	238	57	might	might	AUX
cblr-10943	238	58	appear	appear	VERB
cblr-10943	238	59	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	238	60	apply	apply	VERB
cblr-10943	238	61	narrowly	narrowly	ADV
cblr-10943	238	62	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	238	63	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	238	64	health	health	NOUN
cblr-10943	238	65	care	care	NOUN
cblr-10943	238	66	context	context	NOUN
cblr-10943	238	67	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	238	68	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	238	69	consideration	consideration	NOUN
cblr-10943	238	70	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	238	71	expert	expert	ADJ
cblr-10943	238	72	testimony	testimony	NOUN
cblr-10943	238	73	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	238	74	determining	determine	VERB
cblr-10943	238	75	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	238	76	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	238	77	element	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	238	78	can	can	AUX
cblr-10943	238	79	have	have	VERB
cblr-10943	238	80	significant	significant	ADJ
cblr-10943	238	81	consequences	consequence	NOUN
cblr-10943	238	82	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	238	83	numerous	numerous	ADJ
cblr-10943	238	84	other	other	ADJ
cblr-10943	238	85	types	type	NOUN
cblr-10943	238	86	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	238	87	industries	industry	NOUN
cblr-10943	238	88	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	238	89	receive	receive	VERB
cblr-10943	238	90	federal	federal	ADJ
cblr-10943	238	91	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	238	92	funding	funding	NOUN
cblr-10943	238	93	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	239	1	businesses	business	NOUN
cblr-10943	239	2	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	239	3	employ	employ	VERB
cblr-10943	239	4	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	239	5	variety	variety	NOUN
cblr-10943	239	6	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	239	7	professionals	professional	NOUN
cblr-10943	239	8	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	239	9	such	such	ADJ
cblr-10943	239	10	as	as	ADP
cblr-10943	239	11	accountants	accountant	NOUN
cblr-10943	239	12	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	239	13	scientists	scientist	NOUN
cblr-10943	239	14	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	239	15	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	239	16	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	239	17	rely	rely	VERB
cblr-10943	239	18	on	on	ADP
cblr-10943	239	19	these	these	DET
cblr-10943	239	20	professionals	professional	NOUN
cblr-10943	239	21	’	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	239	22	judgments	judgment	NOUN
cblr-10943	239	23	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	239	24	certifying	certify	VERB
cblr-10943	239	25	payment	payment	NOUN
cblr-10943	239	26	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	239	27	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	239	28	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	239	29	federal	federal	ADJ
cblr-10943	239	30	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	239	31	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	239	32	would	would	AUX
cblr-10943	239	33	all	all	ADV
cblr-10943	239	34	have	have	VERB
cblr-10943	239	35	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	239	36	contend	contend	VERB
cblr-10943	239	37	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	239	38	an	an	DET
cblr-10943	239	39	inconsistent	inconsistent	ADJ
cblr-10943	239	40	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	239	41	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	239	42	ambiguously	ambiguously	ADV
cblr-10943	239	43	expands	expand	VERB
cblr-10943	239	44	their	their	PRON
cblr-10943	239	45	vulnerability	vulnerability	NOUN
cblr-10943	239	46	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	239	47	frivolous	frivolous	ADJ
cblr-10943	239	48	qui	qui	X
cblr-10943	239	49	tam	tam	PROPN
cblr-10943	239	50	actions	action	NOUN
cblr-10943	239	51	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	240	1	every	every	DET
cblr-10943	240	2	kind	kind	NOUN
cblr-10943	240	3	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	240	4	industry	industry	NOUN
cblr-10943	240	5	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	240	6	affected	affect	VERB
cblr-10943	240	7	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	240	8	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	240	9	those	those	PRON
cblr-10943	240	10	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	240	11	particularly	particularly	ADV
cblr-10943	240	12	rely	rely	VERB
cblr-10943	240	13	on	on	ADP
cblr-10943	240	14	federal	federal	ADJ
cblr-10943	240	15	funds	fund	NOUN
cblr-10943	240	16	being	be	AUX
cblr-10943	240	17	especially	especially	ADV
cblr-10943	240	18	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	240	19	risk.79	risk.79	NOUN
cblr-10943	240	20	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	240	21	lack	lack	NOUN
cblr-10943	240	22	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	240	23	uniformity	uniformity	NOUN
cblr-10943	240	24	makes	make	VERB
cblr-10943	240	25	it	it	PRON
cblr-10943	240	26	unclear	unclear	ADJ
cblr-10943	240	27	when	when	SCONJ
cblr-10943	240	28	private	private	ADJ
cblr-10943	240	29	businesses	business	NOUN
cblr-10943	240	30	would	would	AUX
cblr-10943	240	31	face	face	VERB
cblr-10943	240	32	77	77	NUM
cblr-10943	240	33	timothy	timothy	PROPN
cblr-10943	240	34	stoltzfus	stoltzfus	PROPN
cblr-10943	240	35	jost	jost	PROPN
cblr-10943	240	36	&	&	CCONJ
cblr-10943	240	37	sharon	sharon	PROPN
cblr-10943	240	38	l.	l.	PROPN
cblr-10943	240	39	davies	davies	PROPN
cblr-10943	240	40	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	240	41	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	240	42	empire	empire	NOUN
cblr-10943	240	43	strikes	strike	VERB
cblr-10943	240	44	back	back	ADP
cblr-10943	240	45	:	:	PUNCT
cblr-10943	240	46	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	240	47	critique	critique	NOUN
cblr-10943	240	48	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	240	49	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	240	50	backlash	backlash	NOUN
cblr-10943	240	51	against	against	ADP
cblr-10943	240	52	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	240	53	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	240	54	abuse	abuse	NOUN
cblr-10943	240	55	enforcement	enforcement	NOUN
cblr-10943	240	56	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	240	57	51	51	NUM
cblr-10943	240	58	ala	ala	NOUN
cblr-10943	240	59	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	241	1	l.	l.	PROPN
cblr-10943	241	2	rev	rev	PROPN
cblr-10943	241	3	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	241	4	239	239	NUM
cblr-10943	241	5	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	241	6	264–65	264–65	NUM
cblr-10943	241	7	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	241	8	1999	1999	NUM
cblr-10943	241	9	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	241	10	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	241	11	explaining	explain	VERB
cblr-10943	241	12	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	241	13	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	241	14	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	241	15	because	because	SCONJ
cblr-10943	241	16	few	few	ADJ
cblr-10943	241	17	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	241	18	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	241	19	abuse	abuse	NOUN
cblr-10943	241	20	cases	case	NOUN
cblr-10943	241	21	involving	involve	VERB
cblr-10943	241	22	genuine	genuine	ADJ
cblr-10943	241	23	providers	provider	NOUN
cblr-10943	241	24	are	be	AUX
cblr-10943	241	25	ever	ever	ADV
cblr-10943	241	26	tried	try	VERB
cblr-10943	241	27	[	[	X
cblr-10943	241	28	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	241	29	]	]	PUNCT
cblr-10943	241	30	virtually	virtually	ADV
cblr-10943	241	31	all	all	PRON
cblr-10943	241	32	are	be	AUX
cblr-10943	241	33	settled	settle	VERB
cblr-10943	241	34	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	241	35	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	241	36	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	241	37	that	that	DET
cblr-10943	241	38	allowance	allowance	NOUN
cblr-10943	241	39	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	241	40	qui	qui	X
cblr-10943	241	41	tam	tam	PROPN
cblr-10943	241	42	relators	relator	NOUN
cblr-10943	241	43	removes	remove	VERB
cblr-10943	241	44	practical	practical	ADJ
cblr-10943	241	45	constraints	constraint	NOUN
cblr-10943	241	46	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	241	47	litigation	litigation	NOUN
cblr-10943	241	48	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	241	49	may	may	AUX
cblr-10943	241	50	lead	lead	VERB
cblr-10943	241	51	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	241	52	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	241	53	coerced	coerce	VERB
cblr-10943	241	54	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	241	55	extortionate	extortionate	ADJ
cblr-10943	241	56	settlements	settlement	NOUN
cblr-10943	241	57	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	241	58	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	241	59	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	241	60	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	242	1	78	78	NUM
cblr-10943	243	1	i	i	PRON
cblr-10943	243	2	d.	d.	NOUN
cblr-10943	243	3	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	243	4	307	307	NUM
cblr-10943	243	5	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	243	6	explaining	explain	VERB
cblr-10943	243	7	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	243	8	settlement	settlement	NOUN
cblr-10943	243	9	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	243	10	far	far	ADV
cblr-10943	243	11	more	more	ADV
cblr-10943	243	12	attractive	attractive	ADJ
cblr-10943	243	13	as	as	SCONJ
cblr-10943	243	14	it	it	PRON
cblr-10943	243	15	avoids	avoid	VERB
cblr-10943	243	16	larger	large	ADJ
cblr-10943	243	17	penalties	penalty	NOUN
cblr-10943	243	18	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	243	19	litigation	litigation	NOUN
cblr-10943	243	20	costs	cost	NOUN
cblr-10943	243	21	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	243	22	loss	loss	NOUN
cblr-10943	243	23	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	243	24	investor	investor	NOUN
cblr-10943	243	25	confidence	confidence	NOUN
cblr-10943	243	26	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	243	27	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	243	28	most	most	ADV
cblr-10943	243	29	importantly	importantly	ADV
cblr-10943	243	30	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	243	31	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	243	32	criminal	criminal	ADJ
cblr-10943	243	33	culpability	culpability	NOUN
cblr-10943	243	34	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	243	35	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	243	36	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	244	1	79	79	NUM
cblr-10943	244	2	see	see	VERB
cblr-10943	244	3	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	244	4	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	244	5	ex	ex	PROPN
cblr-10943	244	6	rel	rel	PROPN
cblr-10943	244	7	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	245	1	v.	v.	CCONJ
cblr-10943	245	2	gen	gen	PROPN
cblr-10943	245	3	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	245	4	dynamics	dynamics	PROPN
cblr-10943	245	5	c4	c4	PROPN
cblr-10943	245	6	sys	sys	PROPN
cblr-10943	245	7	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	245	8	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	245	9	inc	inc	PROPN
cblr-10943	245	10	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	245	11	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	245	12	637	637	NUM
cblr-10943	245	13	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cblr-10943	245	14	1047	1047	NUM
cblr-10943	245	15	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	245	16	9th	9th	ADJ
cblr-10943	245	17	cir	cir	NOUN
cblr-10943	245	18	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	245	19	2011	2011	NUM
cblr-10943	245	20	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	245	21	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	245	22	military	military	NOUN
cblr-10943	245	23	technology	technology	NOUN
cblr-10943	245	24	contracting	contracting	NOUN
cblr-10943	245	25	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	245	26	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	245	27	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	245	28	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	245	29	ex	ex	PROPN
cblr-10943	245	30	rel	rel	PROPN
cblr-10943	245	31	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	246	1	crennen	crennen	PROPN
cblr-10943	246	2	v.	v.	ADP
cblr-10943	246	3	dell	dell	PROPN
cblr-10943	246	4	mktg	mktg	PROPN
cblr-10943	246	5	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	247	1	l.p	l.p	PROPN
cblr-10943	247	2	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	247	3	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	247	4	711	711	NUM
cblr-10943	247	5	f.	f.	PROPN
cblr-10943	247	6	supp	supp	PROPN
cblr-10943	247	7	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	248	1	2d	2d	NOUN
cblr-10943	248	2	157	157	NUM
cblr-10943	248	3	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	248	4	d.	d.	PROPN
cblr-10943	248	5	mass	mass	PROPN
cblr-10943	248	6	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	248	7	2010	2010	NUM
cblr-10943	248	8	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	248	9	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	248	10	computer	computer	NOUN
cblr-10943	248	11	equipment	equipment	NOUN
cblr-10943	248	12	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	248	13	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	248	14	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	248	15	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	248	16	ex	ex	PROPN
cblr-10943	248	17	rel	rel	PROPN
cblr-10943	248	18	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	249	1	jefferson	jefferson	PROPN
cblr-10943	249	2	v.	v.	PROPN
cblr-10943	249	3	roche	roche	PROPN
cblr-10943	249	4	holding	holding	PROPN
cblr-10943	249	5	ag	ag	PROPN
cblr-10943	249	6	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	249	7	489	489	NUM
cblr-10943	249	8	f.	f.	PROPN
cblr-10943	249	9	supp	supp	PROPN
cblr-10943	249	10	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	250	1	3d	3d	NOUN
cblr-10943	250	2	418	418	NUM
cblr-10943	250	3	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	250	4	d.	d.	PROPN
cblr-10943	250	5	md	md	PROPN
cblr-10943	250	6	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	250	7	2020	2020	NUM
cblr-10943	250	8	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	251	1	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	251	2	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	251	3	purchases	purchase	NOUN
cblr-10943	251	4	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	251	5	pharmaceutical	pharmaceutical	NOUN
cblr-10943	251	6	products	product	NOUN
cblr-10943	251	7	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	251	8	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	251	9	harrison	harrison	PROPN
cblr-10943	251	10	v.	v.	ADP
cblr-10943	251	11	westinghouse	westinghouse	PROPN
cblr-10943	251	12	savannah	savannah	PROPN
cblr-10943	251	13	river	river	PROPN
cblr-10943	251	14	co.	co.	PROPN
cblr-10943	251	15	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	251	16	176	176	NUM
cblr-10943	251	17	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cblr-10943	251	18	776	776	NUM
cblr-10943	251	19	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	251	20	4th	4th	ADJ
cblr-10943	251	21	cir	cir	NOUN
cblr-10943	251	22	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	251	23	1999	1999	NUM
cblr-10943	251	24	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	251	25	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	251	26	nuclear	nuclear	ADJ
cblr-10943	251	27	power	power	NOUN
cblr-10943	251	28	plant	plant	NOUN
cblr-10943	251	29	management	management	NOUN
cblr-10943	251	30	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	251	31	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	251	32	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	251	33	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	251	34	v.	v.	ADP
cblr-10943	251	35	anchor	anchor	PROPN
cblr-10943	251	36	mortgage	mortgage	PROPN
cblr-10943	251	37	corp	corp	PROPN
cblr-10943	251	38	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	251	39	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	251	40	711	711	NUM
cblr-10943	251	41	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cblr-10943	251	42	745	745	NUM
cblr-10943	251	43	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	251	44	7th	7th	ADJ
cblr-10943	251	45	cir	cir	NOUN
cblr-10943	251	46	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	251	47	2013	2013	NUM
cblr-10943	251	48	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	251	49	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	251	50	mortgages	mortgage	NOUN
cblr-10943	251	51	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	251	52	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	251	53	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	251	54	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	251	55	v.	v.	ADP
cblr-10943	251	56	majestic	majestic	ADJ
cblr-10943	251	57	blue	blue	ADJ
cblr-10943	251	58	fisheries	fishery	NOUN
cblr-10943	251	59	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	251	60	llc	llc	PROPN
cblr-10943	251	61	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	251	62	196	196	NUM
cblr-10943	251	63	f.	f.	PROPN
cblr-10943	251	64	supp	supp	PROPN
cblr-10943	251	65	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	252	1	3d	3d	NUM
cblr-10943	252	2	436	436	NUM
cblr-10943	252	3	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	252	4	d.	d.	PROPN
cblr-10943	252	5	del	del	PROPN
cblr-10943	252	6	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	252	7	2016	2016	NUM
cblr-10943	252	8	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	252	9	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	252	10	fishing	fishing	NOUN
cblr-10943	252	11	licenses	license	NOUN
cblr-10943	252	12	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	252	13	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	252	14	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	252	15	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	252	16	ex	ex	PROPN
cblr-10943	252	17	rel	rel	PROPN
cblr-10943	252	18	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	253	1	longhi	longhi	PROPN
cblr-10943	253	2	v.	v.	PROPN
cblr-10943	253	3	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	253	4	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	253	5	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	253	6	575	575	NUM
cblr-10943	253	7	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cblr-10943	253	8	458	458	NUM
cblr-10943	253	9	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	253	10	5th	5th	ADJ
cblr-10943	253	11	cir	cir	NOUN
cblr-10943	253	12	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	253	13	2009	2009	NUM
cblr-10943	253	14	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	253	15	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	253	16	technology	technology	NOUN
cblr-10943	253	17	research	research	NOUN
cblr-10943	253	18	grants	grant	NOUN
cblr-10943	253	19	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	253	20	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	253	21	cause	cause	NOUN
cblr-10943	253	22	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	253	23	action	action	NOUN
cblr-10943	253	24	v.	v.	ADP
cblr-10943	253	25	chicago	chicago	PROPN
cblr-10943	253	26	transit	transit	PROPN
cblr-10943	253	27	auth	auth	PROPN
cblr-10943	253	28	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	253	29	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	253	30	815	815	NUM
cblr-10943	253	31	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cblr-10943	253	32	267	267	NUM
cblr-10943	253	33	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	253	34	7th	7th	ADJ
cblr-10943	253	35	cir	cir	NOUN
cblr-10943	253	36	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	253	37	2016	2016	NUM
cblr-10943	253	38	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	253	39	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	253	40	public	public	ADJ
cblr-10943	253	41	transportation	transportation	NOUN
cblr-10943	253	42	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	253	43	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	254	1	no	no	INTJ
cblr-10943	254	2	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	255	1	2:993	2:993	NUM
cblr-10943	255	2	]	]	PUNCT
cblr-10943	255	3	reconsidering	reconsider	VERB
cblr-10943	255	4	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	255	5	role	role	NOUN
cblr-10943	255	6	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	255	7	expert	expert	ADJ
cblr-10943	255	8	discretion	discretion	NOUN
cblr-10943	255	9	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	255	10	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	255	11	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	255	12	1011	1011	NUM
cblr-10943	255	13	litigation	litigation	NOUN
cblr-10943	255	14	risk	risk	NOUN
cblr-10943	255	15	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	255	16	thus	thus	ADV
cblr-10943	255	17	forcing	force	VERB
cblr-10943	255	18	these	these	DET
cblr-10943	255	19	varied	varied	ADJ
cblr-10943	255	20	businesses	business	NOUN
cblr-10943	255	21	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	255	22	always	always	ADV
cblr-10943	255	23	prepare	prepare	VERB
cblr-10943	255	24	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	255	25	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	255	26	worst	bad	ADJ
cblr-10943	255	27	case	case	NOUN
cblr-10943	255	28	scenario	scenario	NOUN
cblr-10943	255	29	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	255	30	broad	broad	ADJ
cblr-10943	255	31	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	255	32	liability	liability	NOUN
cblr-10943	255	33	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	256	1	ultimately	ultimately	ADV
cblr-10943	256	2	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	256	3	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	256	4	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	256	5	split	split	NOUN
cblr-10943	256	6	could	could	AUX
cblr-10943	256	7	further	far	ADV
cblr-10943	256	8	dissuade	dissuade	VERB
cblr-10943	256	9	private	private	ADJ
cblr-10943	256	10	firms	firm	NOUN
cblr-10943	256	11	from	from	ADP
cblr-10943	256	12	doing	do	VERB
cblr-10943	256	13	business	business	NOUN
cblr-10943	256	14	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	256	15	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	256	16	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	256	17	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	256	18	cause	cause	VERB
cblr-10943	256	19	these	these	DET
cblr-10943	256	20	firms	firm	NOUN
cblr-10943	256	21	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	256	22	significantly	significantly	ADV
cblr-10943	256	23	increase	increase	VERB
cblr-10943	256	24	fees	fee	NOUN
cblr-10943	256	25	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	256	26	compensate	compensate	VERB
cblr-10943	256	27	them	they	PRON
cblr-10943	256	28	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	256	29	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	256	30	difficulties	difficulty	NOUN
cblr-10943	256	31	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	256	32	risk	risk	NOUN
cblr-10943	256	33	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	256	34	doing	do	VERB
cblr-10943	256	35	so.80	so.80	VERB
cblr-10943	256	36	private	private	ADJ
cblr-10943	256	37	firms	firm	NOUN
cblr-10943	256	38	are	be	AUX
cblr-10943	256	39	already	already	ADV
cblr-10943	256	40	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	256	41	concerned	concerned	ADJ
cblr-10943	256	42	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	256	43	onerous	onerous	ADJ
cblr-10943	256	44	terms	term	NOUN
cblr-10943	256	45	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	256	46	conditions	condition	NOUN
cblr-10943	256	47	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	256	48	overwhelming	overwhelming	ADJ
cblr-10943	256	49	administrative	administrative	ADJ
cblr-10943	256	50	requirements	requirement	NOUN
cblr-10943	256	51	[	[	X
cblr-10943	256	52	will	will	AUX
cblr-10943	256	53	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	256	54	]	]	PUNCT
cblr-10943	256	55	costly	costly	ADJ
cblr-10943	256	56	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	256	57	bear	bear	VERB
cblr-10943	256	58	immeasurable	immeasurable	ADJ
cblr-10943	256	59	risk	risk	NOUN
cblr-10943	256	60	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	256	61	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	256	62	company	company	NOUN
cblr-10943	256	63	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	256	64	simply	simply	ADV
cblr-10943	256	65	from	from	ADP
cblr-10943	256	66	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	256	67	regular	regular	ADJ
cblr-10943	256	68	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	256	69	contracting	contracting	NOUN
cblr-10943	256	70	process.81	process.81	NOUN
cblr-10943	256	71	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	256	72	addition	addition	NOUN
cblr-10943	256	73	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	256	74	ambiguously	ambiguously	ADV
cblr-10943	256	75	expanded	expand	VERB
cblr-10943	256	76	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	256	77	liability	liability	NOUN
cblr-10943	256	78	will	will	AUX
cblr-10943	256	79	exacerbate	exacerbate	VERB
cblr-10943	256	80	these	these	DET
cblr-10943	256	81	concerns	concern	NOUN
cblr-10943	256	82	on	on	ADP
cblr-10943	256	83	behalf	behalf	NOUN
cblr-10943	256	84	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	256	85	companies	company	NOUN
cblr-10943	256	86	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	256	87	thus	thus	ADV
cblr-10943	256	88	causing	cause	VERB
cblr-10943	256	89	these	these	DET
cblr-10943	256	90	firms	firm	NOUN
cblr-10943	256	91	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	256	92	avoid	avoid	VERB
cblr-10943	256	93	working	work	VERB
cblr-10943	256	94	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	256	95	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	256	96	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	256	97	until	until	SCONJ
cblr-10943	256	98	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	256	99	potential	potential	ADJ
cblr-10943	256	100	reward	reward	NOUN
cblr-10943	256	101	increases	increase	VERB
cblr-10943	256	102	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	256	103	become	become	VERB
cblr-10943	256	104	proportional	proportional	ADJ
cblr-10943	256	105	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	256	106	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	256	107	risk	risk	NOUN
cblr-10943	256	108	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	256	109	contracting.82	contracting.82	NOUN
cblr-10943	256	110	either	either	PRON
cblr-10943	256	111	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	256	112	these	these	DET
cblr-10943	256	113	results	result	NOUN
cblr-10943	256	114	would	would	AUX
cblr-10943	256	115	negatively	negatively	ADV
cblr-10943	256	116	impact	impact	VERB
cblr-10943	256	117	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	256	118	federal	federal	ADJ
cblr-10943	256	119	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	256	120	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	256	121	ability	ability	NOUN
cblr-10943	256	122	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	256	123	effectively	effectively	ADV
cblr-10943	256	124	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	256	125	efficiently	efficiently	ADV
cblr-10943	256	126	render	render	VERB
cblr-10943	256	127	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	256	128	services	service	NOUN
cblr-10943	256	129	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	256	130	which	which	PRON
cblr-10943	256	131	it	it	PRON
cblr-10943	256	132	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	256	133	responsible.83	responsible.83	VERB
cblr-10943	256	134	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	256	135	number	number	NOUN
cblr-10943	256	136	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	256	137	private	private	ADJ
cblr-10943	256	138	parties	party	NOUN
cblr-10943	256	139	are	be	AUX
cblr-10943	256	140	preparing	prepare	VERB
cblr-10943	256	141	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	256	142	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	256	143	potential	potential	ADJ
cblr-10943	256	144	ramifications	ramification	NOUN
cblr-10943	256	145	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	256	146	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	256	147	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	256	148	split	split	VERB
cblr-10943	256	149	outside	outside	ADP
cblr-10943	256	150	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	256	151	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	256	152	health	health	NOUN
cblr-10943	256	153	care	care	NOUN
cblr-10943	256	154	context	context	NOUN
cblr-10943	256	155	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	257	1	major	major	ADJ
cblr-10943	257	2	law	law	NOUN
cblr-10943	257	3	firms	firm	NOUN
cblr-10943	257	4	are	be	AUX
cblr-10943	257	5	specifically	specifically	ADV
cblr-10943	257	6	commenting	comment	VERB
cblr-10943	257	7	on	on	ADP
cblr-10943	257	8	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	257	9	potential	potential	ADJ
cblr-10943	257	10	applicability	applicability	NOUN
cblr-10943	257	11	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	257	12	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	257	13	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	257	14	split	split	VERB
cblr-10943	257	15	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	257	16	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	257	17	more	more	ADV
cblr-10943	257	18	general	general	ADJ
cblr-10943	257	19	80	80	NUM
cblr-10943	257	20	patricia	patricia	PROPN
cblr-10943	257	21	meador	meador	PROPN
cblr-10943	257	22	&	&	CCONJ
cblr-10943	257	23	elizabeth	elizabeth	PROPN
cblr-10943	257	24	s.	s.	PROPN
cblr-10943	257	25	warren	warren	PROPN
cblr-10943	257	26	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	257	27	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	257	28	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	257	29	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	257	30	act	act	PROPN
cblr-10943	257	31	:	:	PUNCT
cblr-10943	257	32	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	257	33	civil	civil	ADJ
cblr-10943	257	34	war	war	NOUN
cblr-10943	257	35	relic	relic	NOUN
cblr-10943	257	36	evolves	evolve	VERB
cblr-10943	257	37	into	into	ADP
cblr-10943	257	38	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	257	39	modern	modern	ADJ
cblr-10943	257	40	weapon	weapon	NOUN
cblr-10943	257	41	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	257	42	65	65	NUM
cblr-10943	257	43	tenn	tenn	PROPN
cblr-10943	257	44	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	258	1	l.	l.	PROPN
cblr-10943	258	2	rev	rev	PROPN
cblr-10943	258	3	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	258	4	455	455	NUM
cblr-10943	258	5	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	258	6	456	456	NUM
cblr-10943	258	7	–	–	PUNCT
cblr-10943	258	8	57	57	NUM
cblr-10943	258	9	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	258	10	1998	1998	NUM
cblr-10943	258	11	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	258	12	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	258	13	describing	describe	VERB
cblr-10943	258	14	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	258	15	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	258	16	as	as	ADP
cblr-10943	258	17	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	258	18	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	258	19	modern	modern	ADJ
cblr-10943	258	20	nightmare	nightmare	NOUN
cblr-10943	258	21	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	258	22	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	258	23	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	258	24	health	health	NOUN
cblr-10943	258	25	care	care	NOUN
cblr-10943	258	26	industry	industry	NOUN
cblr-10943	258	27	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	258	28	noting	note	VERB
cblr-10943	258	29	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	258	30	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	258	31	[	[	X
cblr-10943	258	32	s]ome	s]ome	NOUN
cblr-10943	258	33	commentators	commentator	NOUN
cblr-10943	258	34	have	have	AUX
cblr-10943	258	35	observed	observe	VERB
cblr-10943	258	36	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	258	37	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	258	38	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	258	39	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	258	40	act	act	NOUN
cblr-10943	258	41	was	be	AUX
cblr-10943	258	42	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	258	43	crafted	craft	VERB
cblr-10943	258	44	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	258	45	modern	modern	ADJ
cblr-10943	258	46	business	business	NOUN
cblr-10943	258	47	transactions	transaction	NOUN
cblr-10943	258	48	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	258	49	mind	mind	NOUN
cblr-10943	258	50	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	258	51	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	258	52	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	258	53	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	259	1	81	81	NUM
cblr-10943	259	2	nancy	nancy	PROPN
cblr-10943	259	3	o.	o.	PROPN
cblr-10943	259	4	dix	dix	PROPN
cblr-10943	259	5	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	259	6	fernand	fernand	PROPN
cblr-10943	259	7	a.	a.	PROPN
cblr-10943	259	8	lavallee	lavallee	PROPN
cblr-10943	259	9	&	&	CCONJ
cblr-10943	259	10	kimberly	kimberly	PROPN
cblr-10943	259	11	c.	c.	PROPN
cblr-10943	259	12	welch	welch	PROPN
cblr-10943	259	13	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	259	14	fear	fear	NOUN
cblr-10943	259	15	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	259	16	loathing	loathing	NOUN
cblr-10943	259	17	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	259	18	federal	federal	ADJ
cblr-10943	259	19	contracting	contracting	NOUN
cblr-10943	259	20	:	:	PUNCT
cblr-10943	259	21	are	be	AUX
cblr-10943	259	22	commercial	commercial	ADJ
cblr-10943	259	23	companies	company	NOUN
cblr-10943	259	24	‘	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	259	25	really	really	ADV
cblr-10943	259	26	’	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	259	27	afraid	afraid	ADJ
cblr-10943	259	28	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	259	29	do	do	VERB
cblr-10943	259	30	business	business	NOUN
cblr-10943	259	31	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	259	32	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	259	33	federal	federal	ADJ
cblr-10943	259	34	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	259	35	?	?	PUNCT
cblr-10943	260	1	should	should	AUX
cblr-10943	260	2	they	they	PRON
cblr-10943	260	3	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	260	4	?	?	PUNCT
cblr-10943	260	5	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	260	6	33	33	NUM
cblr-10943	260	7	pub	pub	NOUN
cblr-10943	260	8	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	261	1	contract	contract	PROPN
cblr-10943	261	2	l.j	l.j	PROPN
cblr-10943	261	3	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	261	4	5	5	NUM
cblr-10943	261	5	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	261	6	9	9	NUM
cblr-10943	261	7	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	261	8	2003	2003	NUM
cblr-10943	261	9	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	261	10	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	262	1	82	82	NUM
cblr-10943	263	1	i	i	PRON
cblr-10943	263	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cblr-10943	263	3	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	263	4	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	263	5	specifically	specifically	ADV
cblr-10943	263	6	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	263	7	companies	company	NOUN
cblr-10943	263	8	are	be	AUX
cblr-10943	263	9	concerned	concerned	ADJ
cblr-10943	263	10	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	263	11	onerous	onerous	ADJ
cblr-10943	263	12	terms	term	NOUN
cblr-10943	263	13	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	263	14	conditions	condition	NOUN
cblr-10943	263	15	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	263	16	overwhelming	overwhelming	ADJ
cblr-10943	263	17	administrative	administrative	ADJ
cblr-10943	263	18	requirements	requirement	NOUN
cblr-10943	263	19	will	will	AUX
cblr-10943	263	20	prove	prove	VERB
cblr-10943	263	21	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	263	22	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	263	23	costly	costly	ADJ
cblr-10943	263	24	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	263	25	bear	bear	VERB
cblr-10943	263	26	immeasurable	immeasurable	ADJ
cblr-10943	263	27	risk	risk	NOUN
cblr-10943	263	28	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	263	29	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	263	30	company	company	NOUN
cblr-10943	263	31	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	263	32	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	263	33	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	263	34	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	264	1	83	83	NUM
cblr-10943	264	2	see	see	VERB
cblr-10943	264	3	melissa	melissa	PROPN
cblr-10943	264	4	e.	e.	PROPN
cblr-10943	264	5	najjar	najjar	PROPN
cblr-10943	264	6	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	264	7	when	when	SCONJ
cblr-10943	264	8	medical	medical	ADJ
cblr-10943	264	9	opinions	opinion	NOUN
cblr-10943	264	10	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	264	11	judgments	judgment	NOUN
cblr-10943	264	12	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	264	13	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	264	14	conclusions	conclusion	NOUN
cblr-10943	264	15	are	be	AUX
cblr-10943	264	16	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	264	17	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	264	18	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	264	19	under	under	ADP
cblr-10943	264	20	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	264	21	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	264	22	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	264	23	act	act	NOUN
cblr-10943	264	24	:	:	PUNCT
cblr-10943	264	25	criminal	criminal	ADJ
cblr-10943	264	26	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	264	27	civil	civil	ADJ
cblr-10943	264	28	liability	liability	NOUN
cblr-10943	264	29	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	264	30	physicians	physician	NOUN
cblr-10943	264	31	who	who	PRON
cblr-10943	264	32	are	be	AUX
cblr-10943	264	33	second	second	ADV
cblr-10943	264	34	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	264	35	guessed	guess	VERB
cblr-10943	264	36	by	by	ADP
cblr-10943	264	37	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	264	38	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	264	39	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	264	40	53	53	NUM
cblr-10943	264	41	suffolk	suffolk	PROPN
cblr-10943	264	42	u.	u.	PROPN
cblr-10943	264	43	l.	l.	PROPN
cblr-10943	264	44	rev	rev	PROPN
cblr-10943	264	45	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	264	46	137	137	NUM
cblr-10943	264	47	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	264	48	156	156	NUM
cblr-10943	264	49	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	264	50	2020	2020	NUM
cblr-10943	264	51	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	264	52	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	264	53	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	264	54	as	as	ADP
cblr-10943	264	55	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	264	56	result	result	NOUN
cblr-10943	264	57	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	264	58	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	264	59	risk	risk	NOUN
cblr-10943	264	60	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	264	61	such	such	ADJ
cblr-10943	264	62	harsh	harsh	ADJ
cblr-10943	264	63	penalties	penalty	NOUN
cblr-10943	264	64	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	264	65	physicians	physician	NOUN
cblr-10943	264	66	may	may	AUX
cblr-10943	264	67	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	264	68	reluctant	reluctant	ADJ
cblr-10943	264	69	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	264	70	provide	provide	VERB
cblr-10943	264	71	services	service	NOUN
cblr-10943	264	72	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	264	73	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	264	74	alreadyunderserved	alreadyunderserve	VERB
cblr-10943	264	75	populations	population	NOUN
cblr-10943	264	76	covered	cover	VERB
cblr-10943	264	77	by	by	ADP
cblr-10943	264	78	medicare	medicare	PROPN
cblr-10943	264	79	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	264	80	medicaid	medicaid	PROPN
cblr-10943	264	81	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	264	82	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	264	83	may	may	AUX
cblr-10943	264	84	stop	stop	VERB
cblr-10943	264	85	participating	participate	VERB
cblr-10943	264	86	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	264	87	medicare	medicare	PROPN
cblr-10943	264	88	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	264	89	medicaid	medicaid	PROPN
cblr-10943	264	90	plans	plan	NOUN
cblr-10943	264	91	altogether	altogether	ADV
cblr-10943	264	92	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	264	93	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	264	94	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	264	95	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	265	1	1012	1012	NUM
cblr-10943	265	2	columbia	columbia	PROPN
cblr-10943	265	3	business	business	NOUN
cblr-10943	265	4	law	law	PROPN
cblr-10943	265	5	review	review	NOUN
cblr-10943	265	6	[	[	X
cblr-10943	265	7	vol	vol	NOUN
cblr-10943	265	8	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	265	9	2022	2022	NUM
cblr-10943	265	10	field	field	NOUN
cblr-10943	265	11	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	265	12	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	265	13	contracting.84	contracting.84	VERB
cblr-10943	265	14	an	an	DET
cblr-10943	265	15	even	even	ADV
cblr-10943	265	16	clearer	clear	ADJ
cblr-10943	265	17	indication	indication	NOUN
cblr-10943	265	18	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	265	19	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	265	20	magnified	magnify	VERB
cblr-10943	265	21	risk	risk	NOUN
cblr-10943	265	22	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	265	23	private	private	ADJ
cblr-10943	265	24	businesses	business	NOUN
cblr-10943	265	25	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	265	26	receive	receive	VERB
cblr-10943	265	27	payment	payment	NOUN
cblr-10943	265	28	from	from	ADP
cblr-10943	265	29	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	265	30	federal	federal	ADJ
cblr-10943	265	31	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	265	32	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	265	33	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	265	34	chamber	chamber	PROPN
cblr-10943	265	35	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	265	36	commerce	commerce	PROPN
cblr-10943	265	37	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	265	38	strongly	strongly	ADV
cblr-10943	265	39	worded	word	VERB
cblr-10943	265	40	amicus	amicus	NOUN
cblr-10943	265	41	brief	brief	NOUN
cblr-10943	265	42	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	265	43	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	265	44	supreme	supreme	PROPN
cblr-10943	265	45	court	court	PROPN
cblr-10943	265	46	requesting	request	VERB
cblr-10943	265	47	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	265	48	resolution	resolution	NOUN
cblr-10943	265	49	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	265	50	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	265	51	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	265	52	split.85	split.85	VERB
cblr-10943	265	53	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	265	54	chamber	chamber	PROPN
cblr-10943	265	55	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	265	56	commerce	commerce	PROPN
cblr-10943	265	57	argued	argue	VERB
cblr-10943	265	58	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	265	59	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	265	60	without	without	ADP
cblr-10943	265	61	uniform	uniform	ADJ
cblr-10943	265	62	adherence	adherence	NOUN
cblr-10943	265	63	by	by	ADP
cblr-10943	265	64	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	265	65	courts	court	NOUN
cblr-10943	265	66	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	265	67	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	265	68	objective	objective	ADJ
cblr-10943	265	69	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	265	70	theory	theory	NOUN
cblr-10943	265	71	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	265	72	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	265	73	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	265	74	may	may	AUX
cblr-10943	265	75	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	265	76	warped	warp	VERB
cblr-10943	265	77	into	into	ADP
cblr-10943	265	78	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	265	79	tool	tool	NOUN
cblr-10943	265	80	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	265	81	overzealous	overzealous	ADJ
cblr-10943	265	82	relators	relator	NOUN
cblr-10943	265	83	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	265	84	extract	extract	VERB
cblr-10943	265	85	settlements	settlement	NOUN
cblr-10943	265	86	from	from	ADP
cblr-10943	265	87	qui	qui	X
cblr-10943	265	88	tam	tam	PROPN
cblr-10943	265	89	defendants	defendant	NOUN
cblr-10943	265	90	through	through	ADP
cblr-10943	265	91	meritless	meritless	NOUN
cblr-10943	265	92	lawsuits	lawsuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	265	93	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	265	94	thus	thus	ADV
cblr-10943	265	95	converting	convert	VERB
cblr-10943	265	96	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	265	97	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	265	98	act	act	NOUN
cblr-10943	265	99	from	from	ADP
cblr-10943	265	100	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	265	101	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	265	102	prevention	prevention	NOUN
cblr-10943	265	103	statute	statute	NOUN
cblr-10943	265	104	into	into	ADP
cblr-10943	265	105	something	something	PRON
cblr-10943	265	106	else	else	ADV
cblr-10943	265	107	entirely	entirely	ADV
cblr-10943	265	108	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	266	1	”86	”86	PROPN
cblr-10943	266	2	additionally	additionally	ADV
cblr-10943	266	3	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	266	4	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	266	5	chamber	chamber	PROPN
cblr-10943	266	6	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	266	7	commerce	commerce	PROPN
cblr-10943	266	8	argued	argue	VERB
cblr-10943	266	9	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	266	10	rejecting	reject	VERB
cblr-10943	266	11	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	266	12	objective	objective	ADJ
cblr-10943	266	13	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	266	14	theory	theory	NOUN
cblr-10943	266	15	would	would	AUX
cblr-10943	266	16	transform	transform	VERB
cblr-10943	266	17	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	266	18	factual	factual	ADJ
cblr-10943	266	19	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN
cblr-10943	266	20	inherent	inherent	ADJ
cblr-10943	266	21	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	266	22	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	266	23	scientific	scientific	ADJ
cblr-10943	266	24	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	266	25	other	other	ADJ
cblr-10943	266	26	technical	technical	ADJ
cblr-10943	266	27	processes	process	NOUN
cblr-10943	266	28	into	into	ADP
cblr-10943	266	29	an	an	DET
cblr-10943	266	30	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
cblr-10943	266	31	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	266	32	moral	moral	ADJ
cblr-10943	266	33	judgment.87	judgment.87	PROPN
cblr-10943	266	34	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	266	35	chamber	chamber	PROPN
cblr-10943	266	36	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	266	37	commerce	commerce	PROPN
cblr-10943	266	38	warned	warn	VERB
cblr-10943	266	39	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	266	40	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	266	41	various	various	ADJ
cblr-10943	266	42	types	type	NOUN
cblr-10943	266	43	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	266	44	threats	threat	NOUN
cblr-10943	266	45	from	from	ADP
cblr-10943	266	46	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	266	47	successful	successful	ADJ
cblr-10943	266	48	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	266	49	action	action	NOUN
cblr-10943	266	50	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	266	51	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	266	52	even	even	ADV
cblr-10943	266	53	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	266	54	pending	pende	VERB
cblr-10943	266	55	suit	suit	NOUN
cblr-10943	266	56	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	266	57	would	would	AUX
cblr-10943	266	58	essentially	essentially	ADV
cblr-10943	266	59	force	force	VERB
cblr-10943	266	60	private	private	ADJ
cblr-10943	266	61	firms	firm	NOUN
cblr-10943	266	62	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	266	63	give	give	VERB
cblr-10943	266	64	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	266	65	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	266	66	relators	relator	NOUN
cblr-10943	266	67	’	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	266	68	demands	demand	NOUN
cblr-10943	266	69	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	266	70	lest	lest	SCONJ
cblr-10943	266	71	they	they	PRON
cblr-10943	266	72	suffer	suffer	VERB
cblr-10943	266	73	severe	severe	ADJ
cblr-10943	266	74	reputational	reputational	ADJ
cblr-10943	266	75	damage	damage	NOUN
cblr-10943	266	76	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	266	77	effective	effective	ADJ
cblr-10943	266	78	blacklisting	blacklisting	NOUN
cblr-10943	266	79	from	from	ADP
cblr-10943	266	80	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	266	81	contracting	contracting	NOUN
cblr-10943	266	82	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	266	83	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	266	84	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	266	85	84	84	NUM
cblr-10943	266	86	see	see	VERB
cblr-10943	266	87	clifford	clifford	PROPN
cblr-10943	266	88	chance	chance	PROPN
cblr-10943	266	89	llp	llp	PROPN
cblr-10943	266	90	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	266	91	us	us	PROPN
cblr-10943	266	92	supreme	supreme	PROPN
cblr-10943	266	93	court	court	PROPN
cblr-10943	266	94	asked	ask	VERB
cblr-10943	266	95	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	266	96	resolve	resolve	VERB
cblr-10943	266	97	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	266	98	split	split	VERB
cblr-10943	266	99	over	over	ADP
cblr-10943	266	100	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	266	101	scope	scope	NOUN
cblr-10943	266	102	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	266	103	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	266	104	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	266	105	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	266	106	act	act	PROPN
cblr-10943	266	107	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	266	108	clifford	clifford	PROPN
cblr-10943	266	109	chance	chance	NOUN
cblr-10943	266	110	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	266	111	nov	nov	PROPN
cblr-10943	266	112	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	266	113	2020	2020	NUM
cblr-10943	266	114	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	266	115	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	266	116	https://www.cliffordchance.com/content/dam/cliffordchance/briefings/2020/	https://www.cliffordchance.com/content/dam/cliffordchance/briefings/2020/	VERB
cblr-10943	266	117	11	11	NUM
cblr-10943	266	118	/	/	SYM
cblr-10943	266	119	us	us	PROPN
cblr-10943	266	120	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	266	121	supreme	supreme	ADJ
cblr-10943	266	122	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	266	123	court	court	NOUN
cblr-10943	266	124	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	266	125	asked	ask	VERB
cblr-10943	266	126	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	266	127	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	266	128	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	266	129	resolve	resolve	NOUN
cblr-10943	266	130	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	266	131	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	266	132	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	266	133	split	split	NOUN
cblr-10943	266	134	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	266	135	over	over	ADP
cblr-10943	266	136	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	266	137	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	266	138	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	266	139	scope	scope	NOUN
cblr-10943	266	140	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	266	141	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	266	142	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	266	143	thefalse	thefalse	NOUN
cblr-10943	266	144	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	266	145	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	266	146	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	266	147	act.pdf	act.pdf	NOUN
cblr-10943	266	148	[	[	X
cblr-10943	266	149	https://perma.cc/k38s-arcn	https://perma.cc/k38s-arcn	NOUN
cblr-10943	266	150	]	]	X
cblr-10943	266	151	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	266	152	summarizing	summarize	VERB
cblr-10943	266	153	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	266	154	split	split	VERB
cblr-10943	266	155	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	266	156	briefly	briefly	ADV
cblr-10943	266	157	describing	describe	VERB
cblr-10943	266	158	potential	potential	ADJ
cblr-10943	266	159	consequences	consequence	NOUN
cblr-10943	266	160	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	266	161	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	266	162	gibson	gibson	PROPN
cblr-10943	266	163	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	266	164	dunn	dunn	PROPN
cblr-10943	266	165	&	&	CCONJ
cblr-10943	266	166	crutcher	crutcher	PROPN
cblr-10943	266	167	llp	llp	PROPN
cblr-10943	266	168	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	266	169	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	266	170	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	266	171	act	act	VERB
cblr-10943	266	172	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	266	173	splits	split	VERB
cblr-10943	266	174	proliferate	proliferate	NOUN
cblr-10943	266	175	as	as	SCONJ
cblr-10943	266	176	supreme	supreme	PROPN
cblr-10943	266	177	court	court	PROPN
cblr-10943	266	178	declines	decline	VERB
cblr-10943	266	179	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	266	180	resolve	resolve	VERB
cblr-10943	266	181	split	split	VERB
cblr-10943	266	182	concerning	concern	VERB
cblr-10943	266	183	key	key	ADJ
cblr-10943	266	184	element	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	266	185	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	266	186	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	266	187	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	266	188	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	266	189	gibson	gibson	PROPN
cblr-10943	266	190	dunn	dunn	PROPN
cblr-10943	266	191	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	266	192	mar	mar	PROPN
cblr-10943	266	193	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	266	194	9	9	NUM
cblr-10943	266	195	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	266	196	2021	2021	NUM
cblr-10943	266	197	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	266	198	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	266	199	https://www.gibsondunn.com/wpcontent/uploads/2021/03/false-claims-act-circuit-splits-proliferate-assupreme-court-declines-to-resolve-split-concerning-key-element-of-fcaclaims.pdf	https://www.gibsondunn.com/wpcontent/uploads/2021/03/false-claims-act-circuit-splits-proliferate-assupreme-court-declines-to-resolve-split-concerning-key-element-of-fcaclaims.pdf	PROPN
cblr-10943	267	1	[	[	X
cblr-10943	267	2	https://perma.cc/mk55-uf4b	https://perma.cc/mk55-uf4b	NUM
cblr-10943	267	3	]	]	X
cblr-10943	267	4	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	267	5	explaining	explain	VERB
cblr-10943	267	6	potential	potential	ADJ
cblr-10943	267	7	ramifications	ramification	NOUN
cblr-10943	267	8	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	267	9	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	267	10	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	267	11	split	split	VERB
cblr-10943	267	12	on	on	ADP
cblr-10943	267	13	other	other	ADJ
cblr-10943	267	14	businesses	business	NOUN
cblr-10943	267	15	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	267	16	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	268	1	85	85	NUM
cblr-10943	268	2	see	see	VERB
cblr-10943	268	3	brief	brief	NOUN
cblr-10943	268	4	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	268	5	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	268	6	chamber	chamber	PROPN
cblr-10943	268	7	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	268	8	commerce	commerce	PROPN
cblr-10943	268	9	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	268	10	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	268	11	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	268	12	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	268	13	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	268	14	america	america	PROPN
cblr-10943	268	15	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	268	16	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	268	17	pharmaceutical	pharmaceutical	ADJ
cblr-10943	268	18	research	research	NOUN
cblr-10943	268	19	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	268	20	manufacturers	manufacturer	NOUN
cblr-10943	268	21	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	268	22	america	america	PROPN
cblr-10943	268	23	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	268	24	phrma	phrma	PROPN
cblr-10943	268	25	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	268	26	as	as	SCONJ
cblr-10943	268	27	amici	amici	PROPN
cblr-10943	268	28	curiae	curiae	NOUN
cblr-10943	268	29	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	268	30	support	support	NOUN
cblr-10943	268	31	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	268	32	petitioner	petitioner	NOUN
cblr-10943	268	33	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	268	34	3	3	NUM
cblr-10943	268	35	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	268	36	care	care	NOUN
cblr-10943	268	37	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
cblr-10943	268	38	v.	v.	ADP
cblr-10943	268	39	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	268	40	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	268	41	ex	ex	PROPN
cblr-10943	268	42	rel	rel	NOUN
cblr-10943	268	43	druding	drude	VERB
cblr-10943	268	44	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	268	45	141	141	NUM
cblr-10943	268	46	s.	s.	PROPN
cblr-10943	268	47	ct	ct	PROPN
cblr-10943	268	48	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	269	1	1371	1371	NUM
cblr-10943	269	2	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	269	3	no	no	NOUN
cblr-10943	269	4	.	.	NOUN
cblr-10943	269	5	20	20	NUM
cblr-10943	269	6	-	-	SYM
cblr-10943	269	7	371	371	NUM
cblr-10943	269	8	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	269	9	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	270	1	86	86	NUM
cblr-10943	271	1	i	i	PRON
cblr-10943	271	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cblr-10943	271	3	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	271	4	2	2	NUM
cblr-10943	271	5	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	271	6	11	11	NUM
cblr-10943	271	7	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	271	8	20	20	NUM
cblr-10943	271	9	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	271	10	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	271	11	[	[	X
cblr-10943	271	12	r]elators	r]elator	NOUN
cblr-10943	271	13	are	be	AUX
cblr-10943	271	14	keenly	keenly	ADV
cblr-10943	271	15	aware	aware	ADJ
cblr-10943	271	16	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	271	17	mere	mere	ADJ
cblr-10943	271	18	allegations	allegation	NOUN
cblr-10943	271	19	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	271	20	regardless	regardless	ADV
cblr-10943	271	21	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	271	22	their	their	PRON
cblr-10943	271	23	merit	merit	NOUN
cblr-10943	271	24	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	271	25	can	can	AUX
cblr-10943	271	26	‘	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	271	27	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	271	28	used	use	VERB
cblr-10943	271	29	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	271	30	extract	extract	VERB
cblr-10943	271	31	settlements	settlement	NOUN
cblr-10943	271	32	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	271	33	’	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	271	34	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	271	35	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	271	36	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	271	37	internal	internal	ADJ
cblr-10943	271	38	citations	citation	NOUN
cblr-10943	271	39	omitted	omit	VERB
cblr-10943	271	40	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	271	41	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	272	1	87	87	NUM
cblr-10943	273	1	i	i	PRON
cblr-10943	273	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cblr-10943	273	3	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	273	4	13	13	NUM
cblr-10943	273	5	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	274	1	no	no	INTJ
cblr-10943	274	2	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	275	1	2:993	2:993	NUM
cblr-10943	275	2	]	]	PUNCT
cblr-10943	275	3	reconsidering	reconsider	VERB
cblr-10943	275	4	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	275	5	role	role	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	6	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	275	7	expert	expert	ADJ
cblr-10943	275	8	discretion	discretion	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	9	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	275	10	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	275	11	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	275	12	1013	1013	NUM
cblr-10943	275	13	punitive	punitive	ADJ
cblr-10943	275	14	wrath	wrath	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	15	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	275	16	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	275	17	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	275	18	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	275	19	treble	treble	ADJ
cblr-10943	275	20	damages	damage	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	21	provision.88	provision.88	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	22	these	these	DET
cblr-10943	275	23	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	24	have	have	VERB
cblr-10943	275	25	significant	significant	ADJ
cblr-10943	275	26	merit	merit	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	27	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	275	28	as	as	SCONJ
cblr-10943	275	29	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	275	30	sheer	sheer	ADJ
cblr-10943	275	31	use	use	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	32	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	275	33	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	275	34	qui	qui	X
cblr-10943	275	35	tam	tam	PROPN
cblr-10943	275	36	actions	action	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	37	has	have	AUX
cblr-10943	275	38	ballooned	balloon	VERB
cblr-10943	275	39	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	275	40	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	275	41	past	past	ADJ
cblr-10943	275	42	several	several	ADJ
cblr-10943	275	43	years	year	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	44	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	275	45	coinciding	coincide	VERB
cblr-10943	275	46	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	275	47	recent	recent	ADJ
cblr-10943	275	48	2009	2009	NUM
cblr-10943	275	49	changes	change	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	50	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	275	51	have	have	AUX
cblr-10943	275	52	made	make	VERB
cblr-10943	275	53	it	it	PRON
cblr-10943	275	54	easier	easy	ADJ
cblr-10943	275	55	for	for	SCONJ
cblr-10943	275	56	relators	relator	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	57	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	275	58	bring	bring	VERB
cblr-10943	275	59	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	275	60	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	275	61	claim	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	62	:	:	PUNCT
cblr-10943	275	63	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	275	64	total	total	ADJ
cblr-10943	275	65	settlements	settlement	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	66	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	275	67	judgments	judgment	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	68	from	from	ADP
cblr-10943	275	69	qui	qui	X
cblr-10943	275	70	tam	tam	PROPN
cblr-10943	275	71	actions	action	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	72	increased	increase	VERB
cblr-10943	275	73	from	from	ADP
cblr-10943	275	74	just	just	ADV
cblr-10943	275	75	under	under	ADP
cblr-10943	275	76	$	$	SYM
cblr-10943	275	77	2	2	NUM
cblr-10943	275	78	billion	billion	NUM
cblr-10943	275	79	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	275	80	2009	2009	NUM
cblr-10943	275	81	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	275	82	nearly	nearly	ADV
cblr-10943	275	83	$	$	SYM
cblr-10943	275	84	4.5	4.5	NUM
cblr-10943	275	85	billion	billion	NUM
cblr-10943	275	86	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	275	87	2014	2014	NUM
cblr-10943	275	88	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	275	89	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	275	90	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	275	91	number	number	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	92	oscillating	oscillate	VERB
cblr-10943	275	93	between	between	ADP
cblr-10943	275	94	$	$	SYM
cblr-10943	275	95	2	2	NUM
cblr-10943	275	96	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	275	97	$	$	SYM
cblr-10943	275	98	3	3	NUM
cblr-10943	275	99	billion	billion	NUM
cblr-10943	275	100	from	from	ADP
cblr-10943	275	101	2015	2015	NUM
cblr-10943	275	102	onwards.89	onwards.89	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	103	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	275	104	addition	addition	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	105	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	275	106	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	275	107	bulk	bulk	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	108	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	275	109	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	275	110	increase	increase	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	111	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	275	112	settlements	settlement	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	113	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	275	114	judgments	judgment	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	115	from	from	ADP
cblr-10943	275	116	qui	qui	X
cblr-10943	275	117	tam	tam	PROPN
cblr-10943	275	118	actions	action	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	119	was	be	AUX
cblr-10943	275	120	from	from	ADP
cblr-10943	275	121	outside	outside	ADP
cblr-10943	275	122	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	275	123	department	department	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	124	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	275	125	defense	defense	PROPN
cblr-10943	275	126	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	275	127	department	department	PROPN
cblr-10943	275	128	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	275	129	health	health	PROPN
cblr-10943	275	130	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	275	131	human	human	PROPN
cblr-10943	275	132	services	service	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	133	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	275	134	indicating	indicate	VERB
cblr-10943	275	135	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	275	136	much	much	ADJ
cblr-10943	275	137	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	275	138	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	275	139	post-2009	post-2009	ADJ
cblr-10943	275	140	increase	increase	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	141	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	275	142	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	143	resulted	result	VERB
cblr-10943	275	144	from	from	ADP
cblr-10943	275	145	outside	outside	ADP
cblr-10943	275	146	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	275	147	health	health	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	148	care	care	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	149	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	275	150	defense	defense	PROPN
cblr-10943	275	151	industries.90	industries.90	PROPN
cblr-10943	275	152	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	275	153	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	275	154	contemporary	contemporary	ADJ
cblr-10943	275	155	context	context	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	156	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	275	157	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	275	158	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	159	split	split	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	160	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	275	161	especially	especially	ADV
cblr-10943	275	162	problematic	problematic	ADJ
cblr-10943	275	163	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	275	164	regard	regard	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	165	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	275	166	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
cblr-10943	275	167	financial	financial	ADJ
cblr-10943	275	168	relief	relief	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	169	programs	program	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	170	because	because	SCONJ
cblr-10943	275	171	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	275	172	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	275	173	certifications	certification	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	174	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	275	175	businesses	business	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	176	made	make	VERB
cblr-10943	275	177	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	275	178	order	order	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	179	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	275	180	receive	receive	VERB
cblr-10943	275	181	paycheck	paycheck	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	182	protection	protection	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	183	program	program	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	184	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	275	185	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	275	186	ppp	ppp	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	187	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	275	188	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	275	189	loans	loan	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	190	from	from	ADP
cblr-10943	275	191	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	275	192	federal	federal	ADJ
cblr-10943	275	193	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	194	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	275	195	particularly	particularly	ADV
cblr-10943	275	196	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	275	197	consideration	consideration	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	198	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	275	199	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	275	200	sheer	sheer	ADJ
cblr-10943	275	201	speed	speed	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	202	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	275	203	which	which	PRON
cblr-10943	275	204	these	these	DET
cblr-10943	275	205	funds	fund	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	206	were	be	AUX
cblr-10943	275	207	distributed.91	distributed.91	ADJ
cblr-10943	275	208	while	while	SCONJ
cblr-10943	275	209	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	275	210	ppp	ppp	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	211	88	88	NUM
cblr-10943	275	212	i	i	PRON
cblr-10943	275	213	d.	d.	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	214	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	275	215	3–4	3–4	NUM
cblr-10943	275	216	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	275	217	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	275	218	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	275	219	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	275	220	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	221	act	act	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	222	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	275	223	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	275	224	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	225	prevention	prevention	NOUN
cblr-10943	275	226	statute	statute	PROPN
cblr-10943	275	227	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	276	1	yet	yet	ADV
cblr-10943	276	2	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	276	3	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	276	4	decision	decision	NOUN
cblr-10943	276	5	below	below	ADV
cblr-10943	276	6	imposes	impose	VERB
cblr-10943	276	7	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	276	8	prospect	prospect	NOUN
cblr-10943	276	9	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	276	10	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	276	11	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	276	12	act	act	VERB
cblr-10943	276	13	liability	liability	NOUN
cblr-10943	276	14	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	276	15	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	276	16	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	276	17	risk	risk	NOUN
cblr-10943	276	18	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	276	19	crippling	crippling	ADJ
cblr-10943	276	20	treble	treble	ADJ
cblr-10943	276	21	damages	damage	NOUN
cblr-10943	276	22	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	276	23	penalties	penalty	NOUN
cblr-10943	276	24	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	276	25	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	276	26	grave	grave	ADJ
cblr-10943	276	27	reputational	reputational	ADJ
cblr-10943	276	28	harm	harm	NOUN
cblr-10943	276	29	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	276	30	on	on	ADP
cblr-10943	276	31	every	every	DET
cblr-10943	276	32	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	276	33	contractor	contractor	NOUN
cblr-10943	276	34	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	276	35	grantee	grantee	NOUN
cblr-10943	276	36	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	276	37	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	276	38	program	program	NOUN
cblr-10943	276	39	participant	participant	NOUN
cblr-10943	276	40	whenever	whenever	SCONJ
cblr-10943	276	41	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	276	42	self	self	NOUN
cblr-10943	276	43	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	276	44	interested	interest	VERB
cblr-10943	276	45	private	private	ADJ
cblr-10943	276	46	relator	relator	NOUN
cblr-10943	276	47	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	276	48	supported	support	VERB
cblr-10943	276	49	by	by	ADP
cblr-10943	276	50	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	276	51	paid	pay	VERB
cblr-10943	276	52	expert	expert	NOUN
cblr-10943	276	53	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	276	54	steps	step	NOUN
cblr-10943	276	55	forward	forward	ADV
cblr-10943	276	56	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	276	57	second	second	ADJ
cblr-10943	276	58	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	276	59	guess	guess	VERB
cblr-10943	276	60	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	276	61	subjective	subjective	ADJ
cblr-10943	276	62	judgment	judgment	NOUN
cblr-10943	276	63	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	276	64	offer	offer	VERB
cblr-10943	276	65	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	276	66	different	different	ADJ
cblr-10943	276	67	interpretation	interpretation	NOUN
cblr-10943	276	68	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	276	69	any	any	DET
cblr-10943	276	70	one	one	NUM
cblr-10943	276	71	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	276	72	countless	countless	ADJ
cblr-10943	276	73	byzantine	byzantine	ADJ
cblr-10943	276	74	regulations	regulation	NOUN
cblr-10943	276	75	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	276	76	contract	contract	NOUN
cblr-10943	276	77	provisions	provision	NOUN
cblr-10943	276	78	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	276	79	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	276	80	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	276	81	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	277	1	89	89	NUM
cblr-10943	277	2	david	david	PROPN
cblr-10943	277	3	baker	baker	PROPN
cblr-10943	277	4	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	277	5	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	277	6	whole	whole	ADJ
cblr-10943	277	7	new	new	ADJ
cblr-10943	277	8	world	world	NOUN
cblr-10943	277	9	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	277	10	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	277	11	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	277	12	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	277	13	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	277	14	act	act	NOUN
cblr-10943	277	15	liability	liability	NOUN
cblr-10943	277	16	:	:	PUNCT
cblr-10943	277	17	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	277	18	2009	2009	NUM
cblr-10943	277	19	amendments	amendment	NOUN
cblr-10943	277	20	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	277	21	learning	learn	VERB
cblr-10943	277	22	where	where	SCONJ
cblr-10943	277	23	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	277	24	draw	draw	VERB
cblr-10943	277	25	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	277	26	line	line	NOUN
cblr-10943	277	27	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	277	28	61	61	NUM
cblr-10943	277	29	cath	cath	NOUN
cblr-10943	277	30	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	278	1	u.	u.	PROPN
cblr-10943	278	2	l.	l.	PROPN
cblr-10943	278	3	rev	rev	PROPN
cblr-10943	278	4	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	278	5	201	201	NUM
cblr-10943	278	6	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	278	7	216–17	216–17	NUM
cblr-10943	278	8	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	278	9	2011	2011	NUM
cblr-10943	278	10	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	278	11	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	278	12	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	278	13	statistics	statistic	NOUN
cblr-10943	278	14	overview	overview	NOUN
cblr-10943	278	15	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	278	16	u.s	u.s	PROPN
cblr-10943	278	17	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	278	18	dep’t	dep’t	NOUN
cblr-10943	278	19	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	278	20	just	just	ADV
cblr-10943	278	21	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	279	1	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	279	2	last	last	ADV
cblr-10943	279	3	visited	visit	VERB
cblr-10943	279	4	jan	jan	PROPN
cblr-10943	279	5	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	279	6	27	27	NUM
cblr-10943	279	7	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	279	8	2022	2022	NUM
cblr-10943	279	9	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	279	10	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	279	11	https://www.justice.gov/opa/pressrelease/file/1354316/download	https://www.justice.gov/opa/pressrelease/file/1354316/download	X
cblr-10943	280	1	[	[	X
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cblr-10943	280	3	]	]	X
cblr-10943	280	4	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	280	5	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	280	6	enforcement	enforcement	NOUN
cblr-10943	280	7	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	280	8	recovery	recovery	NOUN
cblr-10943	280	9	act	act	NOUN
cblr-10943	280	10	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	280	11	2009	2009	NUM
cblr-10943	280	12	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	280	13	pub	pub	NOUN
cblr-10943	280	14	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	281	1	l.	l.	PROPN
cblr-10943	281	2	111	111	NUM
cblr-10943	281	3	-	-	SYM
cblr-10943	281	4	21	21	NUM
cblr-10943	281	5	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	281	6	123	123	NUM
cblr-10943	281	7	stat	stat	NOUN
cblr-10943	281	8	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	282	1	1617	1617	NUM
cblr-10943	282	2	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	282	3	may	may	PROPN
cblr-10943	282	4	20	20	NUM
cblr-10943	282	5	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	282	6	2009	2009	NUM
cblr-10943	282	7	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	282	8	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	283	1	90	90	NUM
cblr-10943	283	2	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	283	3	statistics	statistic	NOUN
cblr-10943	283	4	overview	overview	NOUN
cblr-10943	283	5	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	283	6	u.s	u.s	PROPN
cblr-10943	283	7	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	283	8	dep’t	dep’t	NOUN
cblr-10943	283	9	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	283	10	just	just	ADV
cblr-10943	283	11	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	284	1	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	284	2	last	last	ADV
cblr-10943	284	3	visited	visit	VERB
cblr-10943	284	4	jan	jan	PROPN
cblr-10943	284	5	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	284	6	27	27	NUM
cblr-10943	284	7	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	284	8	2022	2022	NUM
cblr-10943	284	9	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	284	10	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	284	11	https://www.justice.gov/opa/press-release/file/1354316/download	https://www.justice.gov/opa/press-release/file/1354316/download	X
cblr-10943	285	1	[	[	X
cblr-10943	285	2	https://perma.cc/3l5z-ruyr	https://perma.cc/3l5z-ruyr	X
cblr-10943	285	3	]	]	X
cblr-10943	285	4	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	286	1	91	91	NUM
cblr-10943	286	2	see	see	VERB
cblr-10943	286	3	sacha	sacha	PROPN
cblr-10943	286	4	pfeiffer	pfeiffer	PROPN
cblr-10943	286	5	&	&	CCONJ
cblr-10943	286	6	austin	austin	PROPN
cblr-10943	286	7	fast	fast	PROPN
cblr-10943	286	8	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	286	9	how	how	SCONJ
cblr-10943	286	10	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	286	11	paycheck	paycheck	NOUN
cblr-10943	286	12	protection	protection	PROPN
cblr-10943	286	13	program	program	NOUN
cblr-10943	286	14	went	go	VERB
cblr-10943	286	15	from	from	ADP
cblr-10943	286	16	good	good	ADJ
cblr-10943	286	17	intentions	intention	NOUN
cblr-10943	286	18	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	286	19	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	286	20	huge	huge	ADJ
cblr-10943	286	21	free	free	ADJ
cblr-10943	286	22	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	286	23	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	286	24	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	286	25	all	all	PRON
cblr-10943	286	26	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	286	27	npr	npr	PROPN
cblr-10943	286	28	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	286	29	jan	jan	PROPN
cblr-10943	286	30	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	286	31	9	9	NUM
cblr-10943	286	32	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	286	33	2023	2023	NUM
cblr-10943	286	34	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	286	35	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	286	36	https://www.npr.org/2023/01/09/1145040599/ppp-loan-forgiveness	https://www.npr.org/2023/01/09/1145040599/ppp-loan-forgiveness	NOUN
cblr-10943	286	37	1014	1014	NUM
cblr-10943	286	38	columbia	columbia	PROPN
cblr-10943	286	39	business	business	PROPN
cblr-10943	286	40	law	law	PROPN
cblr-10943	286	41	review	review	NOUN
cblr-10943	286	42	[	[	X
cblr-10943	286	43	vol	vol	NOUN
cblr-10943	286	44	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	287	1	2022	2022	NUM
cblr-10943	287	2	system	system	NOUN
cblr-10943	287	3	may	may	AUX
cblr-10943	287	4	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	287	5	rife	rife	ADJ
cblr-10943	287	6	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	287	7	instances	instance	NOUN
cblr-10943	287	8	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	287	9	intentional	intentional	ADJ
cblr-10943	287	10	fraud,92	fraud,92	NOUN
cblr-10943	287	11	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	287	12	greater	great	ADJ
cblr-10943	287	13	concern	concern	NOUN
cblr-10943	287	14	are	be	AUX
cblr-10943	287	15	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	287	16	cases	case	NOUN
cblr-10943	287	17	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	287	18	legitimate	legitimate	ADJ
cblr-10943	287	19	ppp	ppp	NOUN
cblr-10943	287	20	disbursements	disbursement	NOUN
cblr-10943	287	21	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	287	22	did	do	AUX
cblr-10943	287	23	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	287	24	completely	completely	ADV
cblr-10943	287	25	comply	comply	VERB
cblr-10943	287	26	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	287	27	every	every	DET
cblr-10943	287	28	requirement	requirement	NOUN
cblr-10943	287	29	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	287	30	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	287	31	novel	novel	NOUN
cblr-10943	287	32	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	287	33	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	287	34	consequently	consequently	ADV
cblr-10943	287	35	unreliable	unreliable	ADJ
cblr-10943	287	36	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	287	37	ppp	ppp	PROPN
cblr-10943	287	38	legislation.93	legislation.93	PROPN
cblr-10943	287	39	as	as	SCONJ
cblr-10943	287	40	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	287	41	program	program	NOUN
cblr-10943	287	42	was	be	AUX
cblr-10943	287	43	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	287	44	drafted	draft	VERB
cblr-10943	287	45	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	287	46	passed	pass	VERB
cblr-10943	287	47	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	287	48	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	287	49	implemented	implement	VERB
cblr-10943	287	50	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	287	51	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	287	52	matter	matter	NOUN
cblr-10943	287	53	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	287	54	weeks	week	NOUN
cblr-10943	287	55	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	287	56	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	287	57	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	287	58	little	little	ADJ
cblr-10943	287	59	information	information	NOUN
cblr-10943	287	60	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	287	61	guidance	guidance	NOUN
cblr-10943	287	62	regarding	regard	VERB
cblr-10943	287	63	compliance	compliance	NOUN
cblr-10943	287	64	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	287	65	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	287	66	program	program	NOUN
cblr-10943	287	67	was	be	AUX
cblr-10943	287	68	available	available	ADJ
cblr-10943	287	69	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	287	70	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	287	71	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	287	72	professional	professional	ADJ
cblr-10943	287	73	judgment	judgment	NOUN
cblr-10943	287	74	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	287	75	whether	whether	SCONJ
cblr-10943	287	76	specific	specific	ADJ
cblr-10943	287	77	businesses	business	NOUN
cblr-10943	287	78	were	be	AUX
cblr-10943	287	79	able	able	ADJ
cblr-10943	287	80	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	287	81	qualify	qualify	VERB
cblr-10943	287	82	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	287	83	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	287	84	program	program	NOUN
cblr-10943	287	85	will	will	AUX
cblr-10943	287	86	undoubtedly	undoubtedly	ADV
cblr-10943	287	87	generate	generate	VERB
cblr-10943	287	88	potential	potential	ADJ
cblr-10943	287	89	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	287	90	liability	liability	NOUN
cblr-10943	287	91	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	287	92	corresponding	corresponding	PROPN
cblr-10943	287	93	qui	qui	X
cblr-10943	287	94	tam	tam	X
cblr-10943	287	95	actions.94	actions.94	NOUN
cblr-10943	287	96	as	as	SCONJ
cblr-10943	287	97	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	287	98	swiftlydrafted	swiftlydrafte	VERB
cblr-10943	287	99	act	act	NOUN
cblr-10943	287	100	applied	apply	VERB
cblr-10943	287	101	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	287	102	effectively	effectively	ADV
cblr-10943	287	103	every	every	DET
cblr-10943	287	104	kind	kind	NOUN
cblr-10943	287	105	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	287	106	business	business	NOUN
cblr-10943	287	107	suffering	suffer	VERB
cblr-10943	287	108	economic	economic	ADJ
cblr-10943	287	109	harm	harm	NOUN
cblr-10943	287	110	from	from	ADP
cblr-10943	287	111	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	287	112	pandemic	pandemic	ADJ
cblr-10943	287	113	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	287	114	private	private	ADJ
cblr-10943	287	115	firms	firm	NOUN
cblr-10943	287	116	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	287	117	nearly	nearly	ADV
cblr-10943	287	118	every	every	PRON
cblr-10943	287	119	industry	industry	NOUN
cblr-10943	287	120	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	287	121	including	include	VERB
cblr-10943	287	122	even	even	ADV
cblr-10943	287	123	those	those	PRON
cblr-10943	287	124	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	287	125	did	do	VERB
cblr-10943	287	126	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	288	1	[	[	X
cblr-10943	288	2	https://perma.cc/jg2k-6h8f	https://perma.cc/jg2k-6h8f	X
cblr-10943	288	3	]	]	X
cblr-10943	288	4	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	288	5	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	288	6	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	288	7	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	288	8	frenzied	frenzied	ADJ
cblr-10943	288	9	early	early	ADJ
cblr-10943	288	10	days	day	NOUN
cblr-10943	288	11	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	288	12	covid	covid	NOUN
cblr-10943	288	13	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	288	14	as	as	SCONJ
cblr-10943	288	15	ppp	ppp	PROPN
cblr-10943	288	16	was	be	AUX
cblr-10943	288	17	created	create	VERB
cblr-10943	288	18	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	288	19	great	great	ADJ
cblr-10943	288	20	haste	haste	NOUN
cblr-10943	288	21	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	288	22	keep	keep	VERB
cblr-10943	288	23	businesses	business	NOUN
cblr-10943	288	24	from	from	ADP
cblr-10943	288	25	potentially	potentially	ADV
cblr-10943	288	26	collapsing	collapse	VERB
cblr-10943	288	27	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	288	28	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	288	29	loans	loan	NOUN
cblr-10943	288	30	were	be	AUX
cblr-10943	288	31	simple	simple	ADJ
cblr-10943	288	32	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	288	33	get	get	VERB
cblr-10943	288	34	:	:	PUNCT
cblr-10943	288	35	companies	company	NOUN
cblr-10943	288	36	simply	simply	ADV
cblr-10943	288	37	had	have	VERB
cblr-10943	288	38	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	288	39	pledge	pledge	VERB
cblr-10943	288	40	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	288	41	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	288	42	economic	economic	ADJ
cblr-10943	288	43	threat	threat	NOUN
cblr-10943	288	44	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	288	45	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	288	46	pandemic	pandemic	NOUN
cblr-10943	288	47	made	make	VERB
cblr-10943	288	48	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	288	49	funding	funding	NOUN
cblr-10943	288	50	necessary	necessary	ADJ
cblr-10943	288	51	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	288	52	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	288	53	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	288	54	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	289	1	92	92	NUM
cblr-10943	289	2	see	see	VERB
cblr-10943	289	3	off	off	ADP
cblr-10943	289	4	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	290	1	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	290	2	pub	pub	NOUN
cblr-10943	290	3	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	291	1	affs	aff	NOUN
cblr-10943	291	2	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	291	3	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	291	4	florida	florida	PROPN
cblr-10943	291	5	man	man	NOUN
cblr-10943	291	6	who	who	PRON
cblr-10943	291	7	used	use	VERB
cblr-10943	291	8	covid	covid	NOUN
cblr-10943	291	9	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	291	10	relief	relief	NOUN
cblr-10943	291	11	funds	fund	NOUN
cblr-10943	291	12	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	291	13	purchase	purchase	VERB
cblr-10943	291	14	lamborghini	lamborghini	ADJ
cblr-10943	291	15	sports	sport	NOUN
cblr-10943	291	16	car	car	NOUN
cblr-10943	291	17	charged	charge	VERB
cblr-10943	291	18	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	291	19	miami	miami	PROPN
cblr-10943	291	20	federal	federal	PROPN
cblr-10943	291	21	court	court	PROPN
cblr-10943	291	22	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	291	23	u.s	u.s	PROPN
cblr-10943	291	24	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	291	25	dep’t	dep’t	NOUN
cblr-10943	291	26	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	291	27	just	just	ADV
cblr-10943	291	28	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	292	1	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	292	2	july	july	PROPN
cblr-10943	292	3	27	27	NUM
cblr-10943	292	4	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	292	5	2020	2020	NUM
cblr-10943	292	6	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	292	7	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	292	8	https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/florida-manwho-used-covid-relief-funds-purchase-lamborghini-sports-car-chargedmiami-federal	https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/florida-manwho-used-covid-relief-funds-purchase-lamborghini-sports-car-chargedmiami-federal	PROPN
cblr-10943	293	1	[	[	X
cblr-10943	293	2	https://perma.cc/c83a-5puq	https://perma.cc/c83a-5puq	X
cblr-10943	293	3	]	]	X
cblr-10943	293	4	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	293	5	off	off	ADP
cblr-10943	293	6	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	294	1	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	294	2	pub	pub	NOUN
cblr-10943	294	3	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	295	1	affs	aff	NOUN
cblr-10943	295	2	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	295	3	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	295	4	nine	nine	NUM
cblr-10943	295	5	charged	charge	VERB
cblr-10943	295	6	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	295	7	$	$	SYM
cblr-10943	295	8	24	24	NUM
cblr-10943	295	9	million	million	NUM
cblr-10943	295	10	covid	covid	ADJ
cblr-10943	295	11	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	295	12	relief	relief	NOUN
cblr-10943	295	13	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	295	14	scheme	scheme	NOUN
cblr-10943	295	15	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	295	16	u.s	u.s	PROPN
cblr-10943	295	17	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	295	18	dep’t	dep’t	NOUN
cblr-10943	295	19	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	295	20	just	just	ADV
cblr-10943	295	21	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	296	1	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	296	2	aug	aug	PROPN
cblr-10943	296	3	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	296	4	6	6	NUM
cblr-10943	296	5	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	296	6	2020	2020	NUM
cblr-10943	296	7	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	296	8	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	296	9	https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/nine-charged-24-millioncovid-relief-fraud-scheme	https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/nine-charged-24-millioncovid-relief-fraud-scheme	PROPN
cblr-10943	297	1	[	[	X
cblr-10943	297	2	https://perma.cc/9k8m-f96a	https://perma.cc/9k8m-f96a	NUM
cblr-10943	297	3	]	]	PUNCT
cblr-10943	297	4	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	298	1	93	93	NUM
cblr-10943	298	2	see	see	VERB
cblr-10943	298	3	austin	austin	PROPN
cblr-10943	298	4	&	&	CCONJ
cblr-10943	298	5	fast	fast	PROPN
cblr-10943	298	6	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	298	7	supra	supra	PROPN
cblr-10943	298	8	note	note	NOUN
cblr-10943	298	9	91	91	NUM
cblr-10943	298	10	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	298	11	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	298	12	as	as	SCONJ
cblr-10943	298	13	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	298	14	program	program	NOUN
cblr-10943	298	15	evolved	evolve	VERB
cblr-10943	298	16	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	298	17	its	its	PRON
cblr-10943	298	18	rules	rule	NOUN
cblr-10943	298	19	became	become	VERB
cblr-10943	298	20	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
cblr-10943	298	21	complicated	complicated	ADJ
cblr-10943	298	22	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	298	23	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	298	24	even	even	ADV
cblr-10943	298	25	experts	expert	NOUN
cblr-10943	298	26	struggled	struggle	VERB
cblr-10943	298	27	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	298	28	make	make	VERB
cblr-10943	298	29	sense	sense	NOUN
cblr-10943	298	30	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	298	31	them	they	PRON
cblr-10943	298	32	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	299	1	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	299	2	one	one	NUM
cblr-10943	299	3	point	point	NOUN
cblr-10943	299	4	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	299	5	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	299	6	sba	sba	NOUN
cblr-10943	299	7	published	publish	VERB
cblr-10943	299	8	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	299	9	list	list	NOUN
cblr-10943	299	10	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	299	11	frequently	frequently	ADV
cblr-10943	299	12	asked	ask	VERB
cblr-10943	299	13	questions	question	NOUN
cblr-10943	299	14	on	on	ADP
cblr-10943	299	15	loan	loan	NOUN
cblr-10943	299	16	forgiveness	forgiveness	NOUN
cblr-10943	299	17	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	299	18	was	be	AUX
cblr-10943	299	19	11	11	NUM
cblr-10943	299	20	pages	page	NOUN
cblr-10943	299	21	long	long	ADJ
cblr-10943	299	22	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	300	1	one	one	NUM
cblr-10943	300	2	consulting	consulting	NOUN
cblr-10943	300	3	firm	firm	NOUN
cblr-10943	300	4	issued	issue	VERB
cblr-10943	300	5	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	300	6	client	client	NOUN
cblr-10943	300	7	advisory	advisory	NOUN
cblr-10943	300	8	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	300	9	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	300	10	headline	headline	NOUN
cblr-10943	300	11	‘	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	300	12	fast	fast	ADJ
cblr-10943	300	13	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	300	14	furious	furious	ADJ
cblr-10943	300	15	:	:	PUNCT
cblr-10943	300	16	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	300	17	rules	rule	NOUN
cblr-10943	300	18	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	300	19	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	300	20	ppp	ppp	NOUN
cblr-10943	300	21	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	300	22	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	301	1	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	302	1	continue	continue	VERB
cblr-10943	302	2	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	302	3	emerge	emerge	VERB
cblr-10943	302	4	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	302	5	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	302	6	brisk	brisk	ADJ
cblr-10943	302	7	pace	pace	NOUN
cblr-10943	302	8	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	302	9	often	often	ADV
cblr-10943	302	10	updating	update	VERB
cblr-10943	302	11	previous	previous	ADJ
cblr-10943	302	12	guidance	guidance	NOUN
cblr-10943	302	13	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	302	14	’	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	302	15	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	302	16	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	302	17	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	303	1	94	94	NUM
cblr-10943	303	2	jason	jason	PROPN
cblr-10943	303	3	w.	w.	PROPN
cblr-10943	303	4	mcelroy	mcelroy	PROPN
cblr-10943	303	5	&	&	CCONJ
cblr-10943	303	6	lindsay	lindsay	PROPN
cblr-10943	303	7	l.	l.	PROPN
cblr-10943	303	8	buchanan	buchanan	PROPN
cblr-10943	303	9	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	303	10	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	303	11	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	303	12	act	act	VERB
cblr-10943	303	13	considerations	consideration	NOUN
cblr-10943	303	14	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	303	15	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	303	16	covid-19	covid-19	PROPN
cblr-10943	303	17	era	era	NOUN
cblr-10943	303	18	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	303	19	39	39	NUM
cblr-10943	303	20	banking	banking	NOUN
cblr-10943	303	21	&	&	CCONJ
cblr-10943	303	22	fin	fin	PROPN
cblr-10943	303	23	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	304	1	servs	servs	PROPN
cblr-10943	304	2	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	305	1	pol’y	pol’y	NOUN
cblr-10943	305	2	rep	rep	PROPN
cblr-10943	305	3	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	305	4	1	1	NUM
cblr-10943	305	5	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	305	6	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	305	7	1	1	NUM
cblr-10943	305	8	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	305	9	6	6	NUM
cblr-10943	305	10	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	305	11	2020	2020	NUM
cblr-10943	305	12	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	305	13	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	305	14	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	305	15	[	[	X
cblr-10943	305	16	t]hese	t]hese	ADJ
cblr-10943	305	17	certifications	certification	NOUN
cblr-10943	305	18	encompass	encompass	VERB
cblr-10943	305	19	nuanced	nuanced	ADJ
cblr-10943	305	20	determinations	determination	NOUN
cblr-10943	305	21	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	305	22	financial	financial	ADJ
cblr-10943	305	23	wherewithal	wherewithal	NOUN
cblr-10943	305	24	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	305	25	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	305	26	specific	specific	ADJ
cblr-10943	305	27	point	point	NOUN
cblr-10943	305	28	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	305	29	time	time	NOUN
cblr-10943	305	30	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	305	31	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	305	32	they	they	PRON
cblr-10943	305	33	incorporate	incorporate	VERB
cblr-10943	305	34	all	all	DET
cblr-10943	305	35	statements	statement	NOUN
cblr-10943	305	36	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	305	37	documents	document	NOUN
cblr-10943	305	38	associated	associate	VERB
cblr-10943	305	39	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	305	40	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	305	41	application	application	NOUN
cblr-10943	305	42	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	305	43	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	305	44	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	305	45	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	305	46	see	see	VERB
cblr-10943	305	47	15	15	NUM
cblr-10943	305	48	u.s.c	u.s.c	ADJ
cblr-10943	305	49	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	306	1	§	§	PROPN
cblr-10943	306	2	636(36)(g)(i	636(36)(g)(i	NUM
cblr-10943	306	3	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	306	4	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	306	5	eligible	eligible	ADJ
cblr-10943	306	6	recipients	recipient	NOUN
cblr-10943	306	7	were	be	AUX
cblr-10943	306	8	required	require	VERB
cblr-10943	306	9	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	306	10	make	make	VERB
cblr-10943	306	11	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	306	12	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	306	13	good	good	ADJ
cblr-10943	306	14	faith	faith	NOUN
cblr-10943	306	15	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	306	16	certification	certification	NOUN
cblr-10943	306	17	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	306	18	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	306	19	1	1	X
cblr-10943	306	20	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	306	21	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	306	22	paycheck	paycheck	NOUN
cblr-10943	306	23	protection	protection	PROPN
cblr-10943	306	24	program	program	PROPN
cblr-10943	306	25	loan	loan	NOUN
cblr-10943	306	26	was	be	AUX
cblr-10943	306	27	necessary	necessary	ADJ
cblr-10943	306	28	under	under	ADP
cblr-10943	306	29	current	current	ADJ
cblr-10943	306	30	economic	economic	ADJ
cblr-10943	306	31	conditions	condition	NOUN
cblr-10943	306	32	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	306	33	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	306	34	2	2	X
cblr-10943	306	35	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	306	36	funds	fund	NOUN
cblr-10943	306	37	will	will	AUX
cblr-10943	306	38	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	306	39	used	use	VERB
cblr-10943	306	40	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	306	41	payroll	payroll	NOUN
cblr-10943	306	42	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	306	43	upkeep	upkeep	NOUN
cblr-10943	306	44	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	306	45	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	306	46	3	3	X
cblr-10943	306	47	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	306	48	multiple	multiple	ADJ
cblr-10943	306	49	loans	loan	NOUN
cblr-10943	306	50	were	be	AUX
cblr-10943	306	51	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	306	52	requested	request	VERB
cblr-10943	306	53	under	under	ADP
cblr-10943	306	54	same	same	ADJ
cblr-10943	306	55	act	act	NOUN
cblr-10943	306	56	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	306	57	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	306	58	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	306	59	4	4	X
cblr-10943	306	60	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	306	61	funds	fund	NOUN
cblr-10943	306	62	were	be	AUX
cblr-10943	306	63	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	306	64	already	already	ADV
cblr-10943	306	65	received	receive	VERB
cblr-10943	306	66	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	306	67	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	307	1	no	no	INTJ
cblr-10943	307	2	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	308	1	2:993	2:993	NUM
cblr-10943	308	2	]	]	PUNCT
cblr-10943	308	3	reconsidering	reconsider	VERB
cblr-10943	308	4	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	308	5	role	role	NOUN
cblr-10943	308	6	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	308	7	expert	expert	ADJ
cblr-10943	308	8	discretion	discretion	NOUN
cblr-10943	308	9	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	308	10	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	308	11	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	308	12	1015	1015	NUM
cblr-10943	308	13	traditionally	traditionally	ADV
cblr-10943	308	14	do	do	VERB
cblr-10943	308	15	business	business	NOUN
cblr-10943	308	16	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	308	17	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	308	18	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	308	19	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	308	20	could	could	AUX
cblr-10943	308	21	find	find	VERB
cblr-10943	308	22	themselves	themselves	PRON
cblr-10943	308	23	subject	subject	ADJ
cblr-10943	308	24	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	308	25	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	308	26	liability	liability	NOUN
cblr-10943	308	27	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	309	1	iv	iv	X
cblr-10943	309	2	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	309	3	proposed	propose	VERB
cblr-10943	309	4	solution	solution	NOUN
cblr-10943	309	5	a.	a.	NOUN
cblr-10943	309	6	considerations	consideration	NOUN
cblr-10943	309	7	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	309	8	current	current	ADJ
cblr-10943	309	9	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	309	10	split	split	NOUN
cblr-10943	309	11	can	can	AUX
cblr-10943	309	12	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	309	13	summarized	summarize	VERB
cblr-10943	309	14	into	into	ADP
cblr-10943	309	15	two	two	NUM
cblr-10943	309	16	general	general	ADJ
cblr-10943	309	17	approaches	approach	NOUN
cblr-10943	309	18	:	:	PUNCT
cblr-10943	309	19	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	309	20	eleventh	eleventh	ADJ
cblr-10943	309	21	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	309	22	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	309	23	objective	objective	ADJ
cblr-10943	309	24	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	309	25	approach	approach	NOUN
cblr-10943	309	26	raises	raise	VERB
cblr-10943	309	27	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	309	28	bar	bar	NOUN
cblr-10943	309	29	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	309	30	proving	prove	VERB
cblr-10943	309	31	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	309	32	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	309	33	because	because	SCONJ
cblr-10943	309	34	conflicting	conflicting	ADJ
cblr-10943	309	35	expert	expert	NOUN
cblr-10943	309	36	testimony	testimony	NOUN
cblr-10943	309	37	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	309	38	insufficient	insufficient	ADJ
cblr-10943	309	39	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	309	40	establish	establish	VERB
cblr-10943	309	41	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	309	42	under	under	ADP
cblr-10943	309	43	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	309	44	approach	approach	NOUN
cblr-10943	309	45	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	309	46	while	while	SCONJ
cblr-10943	309	47	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	309	48	third	third	ADJ
cblr-10943	309	49	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	309	50	ninth	ninth	ADJ
cblr-10943	309	51	circuits	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	309	52	favor	favor	VERB
cblr-10943	309	53	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	309	54	lowered	lower	VERB
cblr-10943	309	55	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	309	56	bar	bar	NOUN
cblr-10943	309	57	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	309	58	places	place	VERB
cblr-10943	309	59	more	more	ADJ
cblr-10943	309	60	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
cblr-10943	309	61	on	on	ADP
cblr-10943	309	62	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	309	63	scienter	scienter	NOUN
cblr-10943	309	64	requirement	requirement	NOUN
cblr-10943	309	65	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	309	66	protect	protect	VERB
cblr-10943	309	67	experts	expert	NOUN
cblr-10943	309	68	practicing	practice	VERB
cblr-10943	309	69	their	their	PRON
cblr-10943	309	70	professional	professional	ADJ
cblr-10943	309	71	judgment	judgment	NOUN
cblr-10943	309	72	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	310	1	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	310	2	eleventh	eleventh	ADJ
cblr-10943	310	3	circuit	circuit	PROPN
cblr-10943	310	4	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	310	5	approach	approach	NOUN
cblr-10943	310	6	effectively	effectively	ADV
cblr-10943	310	7	makes	make	VERB
cblr-10943	310	8	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	310	9	scienter	scienter	NOUN
cblr-10943	310	10	requirement	requirement	NOUN
cblr-10943	310	11	redundant	redundant	NOUN
cblr-10943	310	12	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	310	13	as	as	ADP
cblr-10943	310	14	its	its	PRON
cblr-10943	310	15	interpretation	interpretation	NOUN
cblr-10943	310	16	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	310	17	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	310	18	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	310	19	element	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	310	20	coopts	coopt	NOUN
cblr-10943	310	21	part	part	NOUN
cblr-10943	310	22	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	310	23	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	310	24	scienter	scienter	NOUN
cblr-10943	310	25	element	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	310	26	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	310	27	functions	function	NOUN
cblr-10943	310	28	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	311	1	accordingly	accordingly	ADV
cblr-10943	311	2	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	311	3	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	311	4	eleventh	eleventh	ADJ
cblr-10943	311	5	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	311	6	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	311	7	far	far	ADV
cblr-10943	311	8	more	more	ADV
cblr-10943	311	9	protective	protective	ADJ
cblr-10943	311	10	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	311	11	expert	expert	ADJ
cblr-10943	311	12	testimony	testimony	NOUN
cblr-10943	311	13	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	311	14	bolsters	bolster	VERB
cblr-10943	311	15	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	311	16	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	311	17	element	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	311	18	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	311	19	reflect	reflect	VERB
cblr-10943	311	20	this	this	PRON
cblr-10943	311	21	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	312	1	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	312	2	contrast	contrast	NOUN
cblr-10943	312	3	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	312	4	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	312	5	third	third	ADJ
cblr-10943	312	6	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	312	7	ninth	ninth	ADJ
cblr-10943	312	8	circuits	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	312	9	have	have	AUX
cblr-10943	312	10	chosen	choose	VERB
cblr-10943	312	11	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	312	12	weaken	weaken	VERB
cblr-10943	312	13	protections	protection	NOUN
cblr-10943	312	14	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	312	15	expert	expert	NOUN
cblr-10943	312	16	testimony	testimony	NOUN
cblr-10943	312	17	based	base	VERB
cblr-10943	312	18	on	on	ADP
cblr-10943	312	19	what	what	PRON
cblr-10943	312	20	they	they	PRON
cblr-10943	312	21	understand	understand	VERB
cblr-10943	312	22	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	312	23	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	312	24	congress	congress	PROPN
cblr-10943	312	25	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	312	26	intent	intent	NOUN
cblr-10943	312	27	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	312	28	instead	instead	ADV
cblr-10943	312	29	relying	rely	VERB
cblr-10943	312	30	on	on	ADP
cblr-10943	312	31	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	312	32	scienter	scienter	NOUN
cblr-10943	312	33	element	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	312	34	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	312	35	ultimately	ultimately	ADV
cblr-10943	312	36	exonerate	exonerate	VERB
cblr-10943	312	37	good	good	ADJ
cblr-10943	312	38	faith	faith	NOUN
cblr-10943	312	39	defendants	defendant	NOUN
cblr-10943	312	40	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	313	1	any	any	DET
cblr-10943	313	2	modification	modification	NOUN
cblr-10943	313	3	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	313	4	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	313	5	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	313	6	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	313	7	whether	whether	SCONJ
cblr-10943	313	8	through	through	ADP
cblr-10943	313	9	judicial	judicial	ADJ
cblr-10943	313	10	rulings	ruling	NOUN
cblr-10943	313	11	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	313	12	legislative	legislative	ADJ
cblr-10943	313	13	action	action	NOUN
cblr-10943	313	14	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	313	15	should	should	AUX
cblr-10943	313	16	take	take	VERB
cblr-10943	313	17	into	into	ADP
cblr-10943	313	18	consideration	consideration	NOUN
cblr-10943	313	19	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	313	20	primary	primary	ADJ
cblr-10943	313	21	objective	objective	NOUN
cblr-10943	313	22	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	313	23	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	313	24	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	313	25	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	313	26	which	which	PRON
cblr-10943	313	27	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	313	28	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	313	29	deter	deter	VERB
cblr-10943	313	30	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	313	31	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	313	32	minimize	minimize	VERB
cblr-10943	313	33	financial	financial	ADJ
cblr-10943	313	34	loss	loss	NOUN
cblr-10943	313	35	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	313	36	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	313	37	federal	federal	ADJ
cblr-10943	313	38	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	313	39	as	as	ADP
cblr-10943	313	40	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	313	41	result	result	NOUN
cblr-10943	313	42	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	313	43	its	its	PRON
cblr-10943	313	44	engagements	engagement	NOUN
cblr-10943	313	45	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	313	46	private	private	ADJ
cblr-10943	313	47	businesses	business	NOUN
cblr-10943	313	48	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	314	1	congress	congress	PROPN
cblr-10943	314	2	did	do	AUX
cblr-10943	314	3	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	314	4	intend	intend	VERB
cblr-10943	314	5	for	for	SCONJ
cblr-10943	314	6	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	314	7	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	314	8	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	314	9	serve	serve	VERB
cblr-10943	314	10	as	as	ADP
cblr-10943	314	11	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	314	12	criminal	criminal	ADJ
cblr-10943	314	13	statute	statute	NOUN
cblr-10943	314	14	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	314	15	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	314	16	contract	contract	NOUN
cblr-10943	314	17	dispute	dispute	NOUN
cblr-10943	314	18	mechanism	mechanism	NOUN
cblr-10943	314	19	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	314	20	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	314	21	federal	federal	ADJ
cblr-10943	314	22	government.95	government.95	PROPN
cblr-10943	314	23	historically	historically	ADV
cblr-10943	314	24	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	314	25	95	95	NUM
cblr-10943	314	26	see	see	VERB
cblr-10943	314	27	walburn	walburn	NOUN
cblr-10943	314	28	v.	v.	ADP
cblr-10943	314	29	lockheed	lockheed	PROPN
cblr-10943	314	30	martin	martin	PROPN
cblr-10943	314	31	corp	corp	PROPN
cblr-10943	314	32	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	314	33	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	314	34	431	431	NUM
cblr-10943	314	35	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cblr-10943	314	36	966	966	NUM
cblr-10943	314	37	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	314	38	970	970	NUM
cblr-10943	314	39	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	314	40	6th	6th	ADJ
cblr-10943	314	41	cir	cir	NOUN
cblr-10943	314	42	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	314	43	2005	2005	NUM
cblr-10943	314	44	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	314	45	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	314	46	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	314	47	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	314	48	history	history	NOUN
cblr-10943	314	49	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	314	50	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	314	51	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	314	52	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	314	53	act	act	PROPN
cblr-10943	314	54	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	314	55	qui	qui	X
cblr-10943	314	56	tam	tam	PROPN
cblr-10943	314	57	provisions	provision	NOUN
cblr-10943	314	58	demonstrates	demonstrate	VERB
cblr-10943	314	59	repeated	repeat	VERB
cblr-10943	314	60	attempts	attempt	NOUN
cblr-10943	314	61	by	by	ADP
cblr-10943	314	62	congress	congress	PROPN
cblr-10943	314	63	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	314	64	balance	balance	VERB
cblr-10943	314	65	two	two	NUM
cblr-10943	314	66	competing	compete	VERB
cblr-10943	314	67	policies	policy	NOUN
cblr-10943	314	68	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	314	69	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	314	70	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	315	1	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	316	1	on	on	ADP
cblr-10943	316	2	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	316	3	one	one	NUM
cblr-10943	316	4	hand	hand	NOUN
cblr-10943	316	5	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	316	6	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	316	7	qui	qui	X
cblr-10943	316	8	tam	tam	NOUN
cblr-10943	316	9	provisions	provision	NOUN
cblr-10943	316	10	seek	seek	VERB
cblr-10943	316	11	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	316	12	encourage	encourage	VERB
cblr-10943	316	13	‘	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	316	14	whistleblowers	whistleblower	NOUN
cblr-10943	316	15	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	316	16	act	act	VERB
cblr-10943	316	17	as	as	ADP
cblr-10943	316	18	private	private	ADJ
cblr-10943	316	19	attorneys	attorney	NOUN
cblr-10943	316	20	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	316	21	general	general	NOUN
cblr-10943	316	22	’	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	316	23	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	316	24	bringing	bring	VERB
cblr-10943	316	25	suits	suit	NOUN
cblr-10943	316	26	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	316	27	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	316	28	common	common	ADJ
cblr-10943	316	29	good	good	NOUN
cblr-10943	316	30	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	316	31	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	316	32	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	317	1	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	318	1	on	on	ADP
cblr-10943	318	2	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	318	3	other	other	ADJ
cblr-10943	318	4	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	318	5	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	318	6	provisions	provision	NOUN
cblr-10943	318	7	seek	seek	VERB
cblr-10943	318	8	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	318	9	discourage	discourage	VERB
cblr-10943	318	10	opportunistic	opportunistic	ADJ
cblr-10943	318	11	plaintiffs	plaintiff	NOUN
cblr-10943	318	12	from	from	ADP
cblr-10943	318	13	bringing	bring	VERB
cblr-10943	318	14	parasitic	parasitic	ADJ
cblr-10943	318	15	lawsuits	lawsuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	318	16	whereby	whereby	SCONJ
cblr-10943	318	17	would	would	AUX
cblr-10943	318	18	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	318	19	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	318	20	1016	1016	NUM
cblr-10943	318	21	columbia	columbia	PROPN
cblr-10943	318	22	business	business	NOUN
cblr-10943	318	23	law	law	PROPN
cblr-10943	318	24	review	review	NOUN
cblr-10943	319	1	[	[	X
cblr-10943	319	2	vol	vol	NOUN
cblr-10943	319	3	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	319	4	2022	2022	NUM
cblr-10943	319	5	congress	congress	PROPN
cblr-10943	319	6	has	have	AUX
cblr-10943	319	7	oscillated	oscillate	VERB
cblr-10943	319	8	between	between	ADP
cblr-10943	319	9	excessively	excessively	ADV
cblr-10943	319	10	empowering	empower	VERB
cblr-10943	319	11	qui	qui	X
cblr-10943	319	12	tam	tam	NOUN
cblr-10943	319	13	actions	action	NOUN
cblr-10943	319	14	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	319	15	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	319	16	consequently	consequently	ADV
cblr-10943	319	17	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	319	18	self	self	NOUN
cblr-10943	319	19	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	319	20	interested	interest	VERB
cblr-10943	319	21	relators	relator	NOUN
cblr-10943	319	22	who	who	PRON
cblr-10943	319	23	enforce	enforce	VERB
cblr-10943	319	24	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	319	25	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	319	26	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	319	27	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	319	28	tamping	tamp	VERB
cblr-10943	319	29	down	down	ADP
cblr-10943	319	30	rampant	rampant	ADJ
cblr-10943	319	31	abuse	abuse	NOUN
cblr-10943	319	32	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	319	33	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	319	34	qui	qui	X
cblr-10943	319	35	tam	tam	X
cblr-10943	319	36	provisions	provision	NOUN
cblr-10943	319	37	by	by	ADP
cblr-10943	319	38	these	these	DET
cblr-10943	319	39	same	same	ADJ
cblr-10943	319	40	relators.96	relators.96	NOUN
cblr-10943	319	41	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	319	42	history	history	NOUN
cblr-10943	319	43	reflects	reflect	VERB
cblr-10943	319	44	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	319	45	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN
cblr-10943	319	46	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	319	47	balancing	balance	VERB
cblr-10943	319	48	between	between	ADP
cblr-10943	319	49	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	319	50	need	need	NOUN
cblr-10943	319	51	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	319	52	deter	deter	VERB
cblr-10943	319	53	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	319	54	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	319	55	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	319	56	contracting	contracting	NOUN
cblr-10943	319	57	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	319	58	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	319	59	ability	ability	NOUN
cblr-10943	319	60	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	319	61	private	private	ADJ
cblr-10943	319	62	businesses	business	NOUN
cblr-10943	319	63	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	319	64	efficiently	efficiently	ADV
cblr-10943	319	65	contract	contract	VERB
cblr-10943	319	66	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	319	67	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	319	68	federal	federal	ADJ
cblr-10943	319	69	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	319	70	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	320	1	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	320	2	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	320	3	should	should	AUX
cblr-10943	320	4	provide	provide	VERB
cblr-10943	320	5	enough	enough	ADJ
cblr-10943	320	6	financial	financial	ADJ
cblr-10943	320	7	incentives	incentive	NOUN
cblr-10943	320	8	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	320	9	make	make	VERB
cblr-10943	320	10	it	it	PRON
cblr-10943	320	11	desirable	desirable	ADJ
cblr-10943	320	12	for	for	SCONJ
cblr-10943	320	13	private	private	ADJ
cblr-10943	320	14	businesses	business	NOUN
cblr-10943	320	15	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	320	16	contract	contract	VERB
cblr-10943	320	17	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	320	18	it	it	PRON
cblr-10943	320	19	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	320	20	goods	good	NOUN
cblr-10943	320	21	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	320	22	services	service	NOUN
cblr-10943	320	23	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	320	24	thus	thus	ADV
cblr-10943	320	25	generating	generate	VERB
cblr-10943	320	26	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	320	27	competition	competition	NOUN
cblr-10943	320	28	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	320	29	would	would	AUX
cblr-10943	320	30	theoretically	theoretically	ADV
cblr-10943	320	31	deliver	deliver	VERB
cblr-10943	320	32	superior	superior	ADJ
cblr-10943	320	33	purchases	purchase	NOUN
cblr-10943	320	34	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	320	35	while	while	SCONJ
cblr-10943	320	36	having	have	VERB
cblr-10943	320	37	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	320	38	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	320	39	enforcement	enforcement	NOUN
cblr-10943	320	40	mechanism	mechanism	NOUN
cblr-10943	320	41	outside	outside	ADP
cblr-10943	320	42	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	320	43	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	320	44	traditional	traditional	ADJ
cblr-10943	320	45	criminal	criminal	ADJ
cblr-10943	320	46	remedies	remedy	NOUN
cblr-10943	320	47	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	320	48	require	require	VERB
cblr-10943	320	49	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	320	50	higher	high	ADJ
cblr-10943	320	51	standard	standard	NOUN
cblr-10943	320	52	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	320	53	proof.97	proof.97	NOUN
cblr-10943	320	54	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	320	55	problem	problem	NOUN
cblr-10943	320	56	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	320	57	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	320	58	particular	particular	ADJ
cblr-10943	320	59	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	320	60	split	split	NOUN
cblr-10943	320	61	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	320	62	aside	aside	ADV
cblr-10943	320	63	from	from	ADP
cblr-10943	320	64	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	320	65	inherent	inherent	ADJ
cblr-10943	320	66	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN
cblr-10943	320	67	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	320	68	an	an	DET
cblr-10943	320	69	unresolved	unresolved	ADJ
cblr-10943	320	70	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	320	71	split	split	VERB
cblr-10943	320	72	issue	issue	NOUN
cblr-10943	320	73	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	320	74	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	320	75	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	320	76	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	320	77	current	current	ADJ
cblr-10943	320	78	choice	choice	NOUN
cblr-10943	320	79	between	between	ADP
cblr-10943	320	80	fully	fully	ADV
cblr-10943	320	81	adopting	adopt	VERB
cblr-10943	320	82	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	320	83	wholly	wholly	ADV
cblr-10943	320	84	rejecting	reject	VERB
cblr-10943	320	85	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	320	86	objective	objective	ADJ
cblr-10943	320	87	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	320	88	standard	standard	NOUN
cblr-10943	320	89	results	result	NOUN
cblr-10943	320	90	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	320	91	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	320	92	polar	polar	ADJ
cblr-10943	320	93	extremes	extreme	NOUN
cblr-10943	320	94	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	320	95	have	have	AUX
cblr-10943	320	96	defined	define	VERB
cblr-10943	320	97	most	most	ADJ
cblr-10943	320	98	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	320	99	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	320	100	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	320	101	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	320	102	history	history	NOUN
cblr-10943	320	103	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	321	1	full	full	ADJ
cblr-10943	321	2	adoption	adoption	NOUN
cblr-10943	321	3	blurs	blur	VERB
cblr-10943	321	4	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	321	5	distinction	distinction	NOUN
cblr-10943	321	6	between	between	ADP
cblr-10943	321	7	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	321	8	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	321	9	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	321	10	scienter	scienter	NOUN
cblr-10943	321	11	elements	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	321	12	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	321	13	while	while	SCONJ
cblr-10943	321	14	full	full	ADJ
cblr-10943	321	15	rejection	rejection	NOUN
cblr-10943	321	16	could	could	AUX
cblr-10943	321	17	lead	lead	VERB
cblr-10943	321	18	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	321	19	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	321	20	considerable	considerable	ADJ
cblr-10943	321	21	increase	increase	NOUN
cblr-10943	321	22	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	321	23	frivolous	frivolous	ADJ
cblr-10943	321	24	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	321	25	meritless	meritless	NOUN
cblr-10943	321	26	qui	qui	X
cblr-10943	321	27	tam	tam	PROPN
cblr-10943	321	28	litigation	litigation	NOUN
cblr-10943	321	29	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	322	1	thus	thus	ADV
cblr-10943	322	2	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	322	3	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	322	4	nuanced	nuanced	ADJ
cblr-10943	322	5	approach	approach	NOUN
cblr-10943	322	6	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	322	7	which	which	PRON
cblr-10943	322	8	would	would	AUX
cblr-10943	322	9	ideally	ideally	ADV
cblr-10943	322	10	involve	involve	VERB
cblr-10943	322	11	legislative	legislative	ADJ
cblr-10943	322	12	action	action	NOUN
cblr-10943	322	13	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	322	14	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	322	15	necessary	necessary	ADJ
cblr-10943	322	16	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	322	17	balance	balance	VERB
cblr-10943	322	18	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	322	19	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	322	20	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	322	21	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	322	22	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	322	23	line	line	NOUN
cblr-10943	322	24	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	322	25	its	its	PRON
cblr-10943	322	26	original	original	ADJ
cblr-10943	322	27	goals	goal	NOUN
cblr-10943	322	28	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	323	1	specifically	specifically	ADV
cblr-10943	323	2	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	323	3	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	323	4	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	323	5	context	context	NOUN
cblr-10943	323	6	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	323	7	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	323	8	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	323	9	split	split	NOUN
cblr-10943	323	10	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	323	11	serving	serve	VERB
cblr-10943	323	12	these	these	DET
cblr-10943	323	13	goals	goal	NOUN
cblr-10943	323	14	might	might	AUX
cblr-10943	323	15	require	require	VERB
cblr-10943	323	16	assuring	assure	VERB
cblr-10943	323	17	private	private	ADJ
cblr-10943	323	18	businesses	business	NOUN
cblr-10943	323	19	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	323	20	good	good	ADJ
cblr-10943	323	21	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	323	22	faith	faith	NOUN
cblr-10943	323	23	professional	professional	ADJ
cblr-10943	323	24	judgments	judgment	NOUN
cblr-10943	323	25	will	will	AUX
cblr-10943	323	26	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	323	27	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	323	28	vulnerable	vulnerable	ADJ
cblr-10943	323	29	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	323	30	frivolous	frivolous	ADJ
cblr-10943	323	31	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	323	32	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	323	33	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	324	1	this	this	PRON
cblr-10943	324	2	would	would	AUX
cblr-10943	324	3	mean	mean	VERB
cblr-10943	324	4	consciously	consciously	ADV
cblr-10943	324	5	circumscribing	circumscribe	VERB
cblr-10943	324	6	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	324	7	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	324	8	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	324	9	reach	reach	NOUN
cblr-10943	324	10	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	324	11	cases	case	NOUN
cblr-10943	324	12	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	324	13	clear	clear	ADJ
cblr-10943	324	14	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	324	15	intentional	intentional	ADJ
cblr-10943	324	16	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	324	17	only	only	ADV
cblr-10943	324	18	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	325	1	indeed	indeed	ADV
cblr-10943	325	2	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	325	3	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	325	4	large	large	ADJ
cblr-10943	325	5	body	body	NOUN
cblr-10943	325	6	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	325	7	case	case	NOUN
cblr-10943	325	8	law	law	NOUN
cblr-10943	325	9	supports	support	VERB
cblr-10943	325	10	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	325	11	relators	relator	NOUN
cblr-10943	325	12	merely	merely	ADV
cblr-10943	325	13	feed	feed	VERB
cblr-10943	325	14	off	off	ADP
cblr-10943	325	15	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	325	16	previous	previous	ADJ
cblr-10943	325	17	disclosure	disclosure	NOUN
cblr-10943	325	18	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	325	19	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	325	20	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	325	21	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	325	22	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	325	23	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	325	24	internal	internal	ADJ
cblr-10943	325	25	citations	citation	NOUN
cblr-10943	325	26	omitted	omit	VERB
cblr-10943	325	27	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	325	28	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	326	1	96	96	NUM
cblr-10943	326	2	meador	meador	PROPN
cblr-10943	326	3	&	&	CCONJ
cblr-10943	326	4	warren	warren	PROPN
cblr-10943	326	5	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	326	6	supra	supra	PROPN
cblr-10943	326	7	note	note	PROPN
cblr-10943	326	8	80	80	NUM
cblr-10943	326	9	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	326	10	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	326	11	458–61	458–61	PROPN
cblr-10943	326	12	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	326	13	97	97	NUM
cblr-10943	326	14	claire	claire	PROPN
cblr-10943	326	15	m.	m.	PROPN
cblr-10943	326	16	sylvia	sylvia	PROPN
cblr-10943	326	17	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	326	18	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	326	19	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	326	20	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	326	21	act	act	NOUN
cblr-10943	326	22	:	:	PUNCT
cblr-10943	326	23	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	326	24	against	against	ADP
cblr-10943	326	25	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	326	26	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	326	27	§	§	PROPN
cblr-10943	326	28	4:34	4:34	NUM
cblr-10943	326	29	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	326	30	thomson	thomson	PROPN
cblr-10943	326	31	west	west	PROPN
cblr-10943	326	32	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	326	33	3d	3d	PROPN
cblr-10943	326	34	ed	ed	NOUN
cblr-10943	326	35	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	326	36	2022	2022	NUM
cblr-10943	326	37	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	326	38	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	326	39	explaining	explain	VERB
cblr-10943	326	40	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	326	41	there	there	PRON
cblr-10943	326	42	is	be	VERB
cblr-10943	326	43	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	326	44	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	326	45	perceived	perceive	VERB
cblr-10943	326	46	need	need	NOUN
cblr-10943	326	47	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	326	48	limit	limit	VERB
cblr-10943	326	49	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	326	50	reach	reach	NOUN
cblr-10943	326	51	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	326	52	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	326	53	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	326	54	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	326	55	act	act	VERB
cblr-10943	326	56	so	so	SCONJ
cblr-10943	326	57	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	326	58	it	it	PRON
cblr-10943	326	59	does	do	AUX
cblr-10943	326	60	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	326	61	capture	capture	VERB
cblr-10943	326	62	minor	minor	ADJ
cblr-10943	326	63	violations	violation	NOUN
cblr-10943	326	64	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	326	65	laws	law	NOUN
cblr-10943	326	66	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	326	67	fail	fail	VERB
cblr-10943	326	68	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	326	69	provide	provide	VERB
cblr-10943	326	70	adequate	adequate	ADJ
cblr-10943	326	71	notice	notice	NOUN
cblr-10943	326	72	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	326	73	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	326	74	contractors	contractor	NOUN
cblr-10943	326	75	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	326	76	their	their	PRON
cblr-10943	326	77	potential	potential	ADJ
cblr-10943	326	78	liability	liability	NOUN
cblr-10943	326	79	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	326	80	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	326	81	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	326	82	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	327	1	no	no	INTJ
cblr-10943	327	2	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	328	1	2:993	2:993	NUM
cblr-10943	328	2	]	]	PUNCT
cblr-10943	328	3	reconsidering	reconsider	VERB
cblr-10943	328	4	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	328	5	role	role	NOUN
cblr-10943	328	6	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	328	7	expert	expert	ADJ
cblr-10943	328	8	discretion	discretion	NOUN
cblr-10943	328	9	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	328	10	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	328	11	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	328	12	1017	1017	NUM
cblr-10943	328	13	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
cblr-10943	328	14	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	328	15	opinions,98	opinions,98	VERB
cblr-10943	328	16	reasonable	reasonable	ADJ
cblr-10943	328	17	attempts	attempt	NOUN
cblr-10943	328	18	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	328	19	abide	abide	VERB
cblr-10943	328	20	by	by	ADP
cblr-10943	328	21	ambiguous	ambiguous	ADJ
cblr-10943	328	22	statutes,99	statutes,99	NOUN
cblr-10943	328	23	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	328	24	simple	simple	ADJ
cblr-10943	328	25	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	328	26	honest	honest	ADJ
cblr-10943	328	27	mistakes100	mistakes100	X
cblr-10943	328	28	are	be	AUX
cblr-10943	328	29	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	328	30	actionable	actionable	ADJ
cblr-10943	328	31	under	under	ADP
cblr-10943	328	32	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	328	33	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	328	34	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	328	35	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	328	36	contrast	contrast	NOUN
cblr-10943	328	37	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	328	38	professional	professional	ADJ
cblr-10943	328	39	judgments	judgment	NOUN
cblr-10943	328	40	do	do	AUX
cblr-10943	328	41	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	328	42	have	have	VERB
cblr-10943	328	43	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	328	44	same	same	ADJ
cblr-10943	328	45	degree	degree	NOUN
cblr-10943	328	46	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	328	47	clarity	clarity	NOUN
cblr-10943	328	48	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	328	49	as	as	SCONJ
cblr-10943	328	50	evidenced	evidence	VERB
cblr-10943	328	51	by	by	ADP
cblr-10943	328	52	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	328	53	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	328	54	split	split	NOUN
cblr-10943	328	55	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	329	1	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	329	2	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	329	3	same	same	ADJ
cblr-10943	329	4	time	time	NOUN
cblr-10943	329	5	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	329	6	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	329	7	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	329	8	must	must	AUX
cblr-10943	329	9	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	329	10	broad	broad	ADJ
cblr-10943	329	11	enough	enough	ADV
cblr-10943	329	12	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	329	13	sufficiently	sufficiently	ADV
cblr-10943	329	14	tackle	tackle	VERB
cblr-10943	329	15	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	329	16	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	329	17	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	329	18	does	do	AUX
cblr-10943	329	19	take	take	VERB
cblr-10943	329	20	place	place	NOUN
cblr-10943	329	21	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	329	22	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	329	23	keeping	keep	VERB
cblr-10943	329	24	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	329	25	congress	congress	PROPN
cblr-10943	329	26	’	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	329	27	intention	intention	NOUN
cblr-10943	329	28	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	329	29	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	329	30	reach	reach	VERB
cblr-10943	329	31	all	all	DET
cblr-10943	329	32	types	type	NOUN
cblr-10943	329	33	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	329	34	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	329	35	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	329	36	without	without	ADP
cblr-10943	329	37	qualification	qualification	NOUN
cblr-10943	329	38	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	329	39	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	329	40	might	might	AUX
cblr-10943	329	41	result	result	VERB
cblr-10943	329	42	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	329	43	financial	financial	ADJ
cblr-10943	329	44	loss	loss	NOUN
cblr-10943	329	45	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	329	46	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	329	47	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	329	48	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	330	1	”101	”101	NOUN
cblr-10943	331	1	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	331	2	section	section	NOUN
cblr-10943	331	3	will	will	AUX
cblr-10943	331	4	consider	consider	VERB
cblr-10943	331	5	three	three	NUM
cblr-10943	331	6	potential	potential	ADJ
cblr-10943	331	7	remedies	remedy	NOUN
cblr-10943	331	8	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	331	9	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	331	10	current	current	ADJ
cblr-10943	331	11	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	331	12	split	split	NOUN
cblr-10943	331	13	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	331	14	listed	list	VERB
cblr-10943	331	15	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	331	16	accordance	accordance	NOUN
cblr-10943	331	17	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	331	18	their	their	PRON
cblr-10943	331	19	ability	ability	NOUN
cblr-10943	331	20	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	331	21	balance	balance	VERB
cblr-10943	331	22	these	these	DET
cblr-10943	331	23	aforementioned	aforementione	VERB
cblr-10943	331	24	interests	interest	NOUN
cblr-10943	331	25	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	331	26	adherence	adherence	NOUN
cblr-10943	331	27	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	331	28	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	331	29	broader	broad	ADJ
cblr-10943	331	30	ethos	ethos	NOUN
cblr-10943	331	31	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	331	32	themes	theme	NOUN
cblr-10943	331	33	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	331	34	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	331	35	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	331	36	over	over	ADP
cblr-10943	331	37	time	time	NOUN
cblr-10943	331	38	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	332	1	b.	b.	PROPN
cblr-10943	332	2	objective	objective	ADJ
cblr-10943	332	3	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	332	4	standard	standard	NOUN
cblr-10943	332	5	—	—	PUNCT
cblr-10943	332	6	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	332	7	last	last	ADJ
cblr-10943	332	8	resort	resort	NOUN
cblr-10943	332	9	courts	court	NOUN
cblr-10943	332	10	should	should	AUX
cblr-10943	332	11	uniformly	uniformly	ADV
cblr-10943	332	12	adopt	adopt	VERB
cblr-10943	332	13	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	332	14	objective	objective	ADJ
cblr-10943	332	15	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	332	16	standard	standard	NOUN
cblr-10943	332	17	across	across	ADP
cblr-10943	332	18	circuits	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	332	19	as	as	ADP
cblr-10943	332	20	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	332	21	last	last	ADJ
cblr-10943	332	22	resort	resort	NOUN
cblr-10943	332	23	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	332	24	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	332	25	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	332	26	event	event	NOUN
cblr-10943	332	27	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	332	28	legislative	legislative	ADJ
cblr-10943	332	29	change	change	NOUN
cblr-10943	332	30	through	through	ADP
cblr-10943	332	31	congressional	congressional	ADJ
cblr-10943	332	32	action	action	NOUN
cblr-10943	332	33	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	332	34	infeasible	infeasible	ADJ
cblr-10943	332	35	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	333	1	this	this	PRON
cblr-10943	333	2	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	333	3	because	because	SCONJ
cblr-10943	333	4	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	333	5	current	current	ADJ
cblr-10943	333	6	rendition	rendition	NOUN
cblr-10943	333	7	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	333	8	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	333	9	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	333	10	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	333	11	especially	especially	ADV
cblr-10943	333	12	after	after	ADP
cblr-10943	333	13	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	333	14	1986	1986	NUM
cblr-10943	333	15	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	333	16	2009	2009	NUM
cblr-10943	333	17	legislative	legislative	ADJ
cblr-10943	333	18	changes	change	NOUN
cblr-10943	333	19	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	333	20	has	have	AUX
cblr-10943	333	21	excessively	excessively	ADV
cblr-10943	333	22	lowered	lower	VERB
cblr-10943	333	23	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	333	24	barriers	barrier	NOUN
cblr-10943	333	25	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	333	26	relators	relator	NOUN
cblr-10943	333	27	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	333	28	bring	bring	VERB
cblr-10943	333	29	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	333	30	qui	qui	X
cblr-10943	333	31	tam	tam	X
cblr-10943	333	32	action.102	action.102	NOUN
cblr-10943	333	33	98	98	NUM
cblr-10943	333	34	harrison	harrison	PROPN
cblr-10943	333	35	v.	v.	ADP
cblr-10943	333	36	westinghouse	westinghouse	PROPN
cblr-10943	333	37	savannah	savannah	PROPN
cblr-10943	333	38	river	river	PROPN
cblr-10943	333	39	co.	co.	PROPN
cblr-10943	333	40	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	333	41	176	176	NUM
cblr-10943	333	42	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cblr-10943	333	43	776	776	NUM
cblr-10943	333	44	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	333	45	792	792	NUM
cblr-10943	333	46	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	333	47	4th	4th	ADJ
cblr-10943	333	48	cir	cir	NOUN
cblr-10943	333	49	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	333	50	1999	1999	NUM
cblr-10943	333	51	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	333	52	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	333	53	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	333	54	expressions	expression	NOUN
cblr-10943	333	55	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	333	56	opinion	opinion	NOUN
cblr-10943	333	57	are	be	AUX
cblr-10943	333	58	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	333	59	actionable	actionable	ADJ
cblr-10943	333	60	as	as	ADP
cblr-10943	333	61	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	333	62	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	333	63	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	333	64	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	333	65	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	334	1	99	99	NUM
cblr-10943	334	2	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	334	3	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	334	4	ex	ex	PROPN
cblr-10943	334	5	rel	rel	PROPN
cblr-10943	334	6	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	335	1	sheldon	sheldon	PROPN
cblr-10943	335	2	v.	v.	PROPN
cblr-10943	335	3	forest	forest	PROPN
cblr-10943	335	4	lab’ys	lab’ys	PROPN
cblr-10943	335	5	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	335	6	llc	llc	PROPN
cblr-10943	335	7	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	335	8	499	499	NUM
cblr-10943	335	9	f.	f.	PROPN
cblr-10943	335	10	supp	supp	PROPN
cblr-10943	335	11	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	336	1	3d	3d	NOUN
cblr-10943	336	2	184	184	NUM
cblr-10943	336	3	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	336	4	207	207	NUM
cblr-10943	336	5	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	336	6	d.	d.	PROPN
cblr-10943	336	7	md	md	PROPN
cblr-10943	336	8	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	336	9	2020	2020	NUM
cblr-10943	336	10	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	336	11	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	336	12	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	336	13	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	336	14	does	do	AUX
cblr-10943	336	15	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	336	16	reach	reach	VERB
cblr-10943	336	17	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	336	18	those	those	DET
cblr-10943	336	19	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	336	20	based	base	VERB
cblr-10943	336	21	on	on	ADP
cblr-10943	336	22	reasonable	reasonable	ADJ
cblr-10943	336	23	but	but	CCONJ
cblr-10943	336	24	erroneous	erroneous	ADJ
cblr-10943	336	25	interpretations	interpretation	NOUN
cblr-10943	336	26	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	336	27	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	336	28	defendant	defendant	NOUN
cblr-10943	336	29	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	336	30	legal	legal	ADJ
cblr-10943	336	31	obligations	obligation	NOUN
cblr-10943	336	32	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	336	33	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	336	34	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	336	35	pack	pack	PROPN
cblr-10943	336	36	v.	v.	PROPN
cblr-10943	336	37	hickey	hickey	PROPN
cblr-10943	336	38	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	336	39	776	776	PROPN
cblr-10943	336	40	f.	f.	PROPN
cblr-10943	336	41	app’x	app’x	PROPN
cblr-10943	336	42	549	549	NUM
cblr-10943	336	43	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	336	44	557	557	NUM
cblr-10943	336	45	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	336	46	10th	10th	ADJ
cblr-10943	336	47	cir	cir	NOUN
cblr-10943	336	48	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	336	49	2019	2019	NUM
cblr-10943	336	50	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	336	51	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	336	52	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	336	53	possible	possible	ADJ
cblr-10943	336	54	ambiguity	ambiguity	NOUN
cblr-10943	336	55	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	336	56	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	336	57	applicable	applicable	ADJ
cblr-10943	336	58	rules	rule	NOUN
cblr-10943	336	59	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	336	60	policies	policy	NOUN
cblr-10943	336	61	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	336	62	suggested	suggest	VERB
cblr-10943	336	63	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	336	64	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	336	65	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	336	66	billing	billing	NOUN
cblr-10943	336	67	was	be	AUX
cblr-10943	336	68	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	336	69	done	do	VERB
cblr-10943	336	70	knowingly	knowingly	ADV
cblr-10943	336	71	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	336	72	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	336	73	which	which	PRON
cblr-10943	336	74	precluded	preclude	VERB
cblr-10943	336	75	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	336	76	liability	liability	NOUN
cblr-10943	336	77	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	336	78	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	337	1	100	100	NUM
cblr-10943	337	2	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	337	3	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	337	4	ex	ex	PROPN
cblr-10943	337	5	rel	rel	PROPN
cblr-10943	337	6	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	338	1	complin	complin	PROPN
cblr-10943	338	2	v.	v.	PROPN
cblr-10943	338	3	n.	n.	PROPN
cblr-10943	338	4	carolina	carolina	PROPN
cblr-10943	338	5	baptist	baptist	PROPN
cblr-10943	338	6	hosp	hosp	PROPN
cblr-10943	338	7	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	339	1	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	339	2	818	818	NUM
cblr-10943	339	3	f.	f.	PROPN
cblr-10943	339	4	app’x	app’x	PROPN
cblr-10943	339	5	179	179	NUM
cblr-10943	339	6	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	339	7	184	184	NUM
cblr-10943	339	8	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	339	9	4th	4th	ADJ
cblr-10943	339	10	cir	cir	NOUN
cblr-10943	339	11	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	340	1	2020	2020	NUM
cblr-10943	340	2	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	340	3	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	340	4	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	340	5	[	[	X
cblr-10943	340	6	the	the	X
cblr-10943	340	7	]	]	X
cblr-10943	340	8	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	340	9	does	do	AUX
cblr-10943	340	10	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	340	11	punish	punish	VERB
cblr-10943	340	12	‘	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	340	13	honest	honest	ADJ
cblr-10943	340	14	mistakes	mistake	NOUN
cblr-10943	340	15	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	340	16	incorrect	incorrect	ADJ
cblr-10943	340	17	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	340	18	submitted	submit	VERB
cblr-10943	340	19	through	through	ADP
cblr-10943	340	20	negligence	negligence	NOUN
cblr-10943	340	21	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	340	22	’	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	340	23	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	340	24	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	340	25	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	340	26	internal	internal	ADJ
cblr-10943	340	27	citation	citation	NOUN
cblr-10943	340	28	omitted	omit	VERB
cblr-10943	340	29	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	340	30	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	340	31	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	340	32	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	340	33	ex	ex	PROPN
cblr-10943	340	34	rel	rel	PROPN
cblr-10943	340	35	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	341	1	lamers	lamer	NOUN
cblr-10943	341	2	v.	v.	ADP
cblr-10943	341	3	city	city	PROPN
cblr-10943	341	4	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	341	5	green	green	PROPN
cblr-10943	341	6	bay	bay	PROPN
cblr-10943	341	7	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	341	8	168	168	NUM
cblr-10943	341	9	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cblr-10943	341	10	1013	1013	NUM
cblr-10943	341	11	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	341	12	1018	1018	NUM
cblr-10943	341	13	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	341	14	7th	7th	ADJ
cblr-10943	341	15	cir	cir	NOUN
cblr-10943	341	16	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	341	17	1999	1999	NUM
cblr-10943	341	18	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	341	19	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	341	20	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	341	21	[	[	X
cblr-10943	341	22	e]rrors	e]rror	NOUN
cblr-10943	341	23	based	base	VERB
cblr-10943	341	24	simply	simply	ADV
cblr-10943	341	25	on	on	ADP
cblr-10943	341	26	faulty	faulty	ADJ
cblr-10943	341	27	calculations	calculation	NOUN
cblr-10943	341	28	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	341	29	flawed	flawed	ADJ
cblr-10943	341	30	reasoning	reasoning	NOUN
cblr-10943	341	31	are	be	AUX
cblr-10943	341	32	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	341	33	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	341	34	under	under	ADP
cblr-10943	341	35	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	341	36	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	341	37	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	341	38	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	341	39	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	341	40	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	341	41	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	341	42	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	341	43	ex	ex	PROPN
cblr-10943	341	44	rel	rel	PROPN
cblr-10943	341	45	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	342	1	hefner	hefner	PROPN
cblr-10943	342	2	v.	v.	PROPN
cblr-10943	342	3	hackensack	hackensack	PROPN
cblr-10943	342	4	univ	univ	PROPN
cblr-10943	342	5	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	343	1	med	med	PROPN
cblr-10943	343	2	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	343	3	ctr	ctr	PROPN
cblr-10943	343	4	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	343	5	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	343	6	495	495	NUM
cblr-10943	343	7	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cblr-10943	343	8	103	103	NUM
cblr-10943	343	9	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	343	10	109	109	NUM
cblr-10943	343	11	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	343	12	3d	3d	NUM
cblr-10943	343	13	cir	cir	NOUN
cblr-10943	343	14	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	343	15	2007	2007	NUM
cblr-10943	343	16	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	343	17	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	344	1	101	101	NUM
cblr-10943	344	2	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	344	3	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	344	4	v.	v.	ADP
cblr-10943	344	5	neifert	neifert	NOUN
cblr-10943	344	6	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	344	7	white	white	PROPN
cblr-10943	344	8	co	co	NOUN
cblr-10943	344	9	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	344	10	390	390	NUM
cblr-10943	344	11	u.s	u.s	PROPN
cblr-10943	344	12	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	344	13	228	228	NUM
cblr-10943	344	14	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	344	15	232	232	NUM
cblr-10943	344	16	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	344	17	1968	1968	NUM
cblr-10943	344	18	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	344	19	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	344	20	footnote	footnote	VERB
cblr-10943	344	21	omitted	omit	VERB
cblr-10943	344	22	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	344	23	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	345	1	102	102	NUM
cblr-10943	345	2	u.s	u.s	PROPN
cblr-10943	345	3	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	345	4	ex	ex	PROPN
cblr-10943	345	5	rel	rel	PROPN
cblr-10943	345	6	stinson	stinson	PROPN
cblr-10943	345	7	v.	v.	PROPN
cblr-10943	345	8	prudential	prudential	PROPN
cblr-10943	345	9	ins	ins	PROPN
cblr-10943	345	10	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	345	11	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	345	12	944	944	NUM
cblr-10943	345	13	f.2d	f.2d	NOUN
cblr-10943	345	14	1149	1149	NUM
cblr-10943	345	15	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	345	16	1154	1154	NUM
cblr-10943	345	17	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	345	18	3d	3d	NOUN
cblr-10943	345	19	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	346	1	cir	cir	PROPN
cblr-10943	346	2	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	346	3	1991	1991	NUM
cblr-10943	346	4	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	347	1	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	347	2	describing	describe	VERB
cblr-10943	347	3	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	347	4	revitalized	revitalize	VERB
cblr-10943	347	5	qui	qui	X
cblr-10943	347	6	tam	tam	NOUN
cblr-10943	347	7	provisions	provision	NOUN
cblr-10943	347	8	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	347	9	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	347	10	1986	1986	NUM
cblr-10943	347	11	act	act	NOUN
cblr-10943	347	12	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	347	13	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	348	1	1018	1018	NUM
cblr-10943	348	2	columbia	columbia	PROPN
cblr-10943	348	3	business	business	NOUN
cblr-10943	348	4	law	law	PROPN
cblr-10943	348	5	review	review	NOUN
cblr-10943	348	6	[	[	X
cblr-10943	348	7	vol	vol	NOUN
cblr-10943	348	8	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	348	9	2022	2022	NUM
cblr-10943	348	10	this	this	PRON
cblr-10943	348	11	has	have	AUX
cblr-10943	348	12	led	lead	VERB
cblr-10943	348	13	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	348	14	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	348	15	rapid	rapid	ADJ
cblr-10943	348	16	ballooning	ballooning	NOUN
cblr-10943	348	17	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	348	18	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	348	19	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	348	20	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	348	21	both	both	CCONJ
cblr-10943	348	22	those	those	PRON
cblr-10943	348	23	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	348	24	merit	merit	NOUN
cblr-10943	348	25	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	348	26	without.103	without.103	NOUN
cblr-10943	348	27	this	this	PRON
cblr-10943	348	28	has	have	AUX
cblr-10943	348	29	created	create	VERB
cblr-10943	348	30	an	an	DET
cblr-10943	348	31	unfortunate	unfortunate	ADJ
cblr-10943	348	32	situation	situation	NOUN
cblr-10943	348	33	where	where	SCONJ
cblr-10943	348	34	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	348	35	as	as	SCONJ
cblr-10943	348	36	one	one	NUM
cblr-10943	348	37	plaintiff	plaintiff	NOUN
cblr-10943	348	38	put	put	VERB
cblr-10943	348	39	it	it	PRON
cblr-10943	348	40	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	348	41	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	348	42	there	there	PRON
cblr-10943	348	43	is	be	VERB
cblr-10943	348	44	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	348	45	virtual	virtual	ADJ
cblr-10943	348	46	cottage	cottage	NOUN
cblr-10943	348	47	industry	industry	NOUN
cblr-10943	348	48	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	348	49	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	348	50	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	348	51	act	act	VERB
cblr-10943	348	52	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	348	53	brought	bring	VERB
cblr-10943	348	54	by	by	ADP
cblr-10943	348	55	both	both	DET
cblr-10943	348	56	relators	relator	NOUN
cblr-10943	348	57	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	348	58	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	348	59	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	348	60	pursuing	pursue	VERB
cblr-10943	348	61	suits	suit	NOUN
cblr-10943	348	62	based	base	VERB
cblr-10943	348	63	on	on	ADP
cblr-10943	348	64	reasonableness	reasonableness	NOUN
cblr-10943	348	65	certifications	certification	NOUN
cblr-10943	348	66	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	349	1	”104	”104	PUNCT
cblr-10943	349	2	courts	court	NOUN
cblr-10943	349	3	should	should	AUX
cblr-10943	349	4	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	349	5	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	349	6	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	349	7	very	very	ADV
cblr-10943	349	8	least	least	ADJ
cblr-10943	349	9	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	349	10	standardize	standardize	VERB
cblr-10943	349	11	their	their	PRON
cblr-10943	349	12	approach	approach	NOUN
cblr-10943	349	13	by	by	ADP
cblr-10943	349	14	fully	fully	ADV
cblr-10943	349	15	adopting	adopt	VERB
cblr-10943	349	16	one	one	NUM
cblr-10943	349	17	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	349	18	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	349	19	extremes	extreme	NOUN
cblr-10943	349	20	presented	present	VERB
cblr-10943	349	21	by	by	ADP
cblr-10943	349	22	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	349	23	current	current	ADJ
cblr-10943	349	24	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	349	25	split	split	VERB
cblr-10943	349	26	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	349	27	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	349	28	sake	sake	NOUN
cblr-10943	349	29	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	349	30	bringing	bring	VERB
cblr-10943	349	31	consistency	consistency	NOUN
cblr-10943	349	32	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	349	33	application	application	NOUN
cblr-10943	349	34	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	349	35	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	349	36	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	349	37	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	350	1	uniform	uniform	ADJ
cblr-10943	350	2	adoption	adoption	NOUN
cblr-10943	350	3	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	350	4	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	350	5	objective	objective	ADJ
cblr-10943	350	6	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	350	7	standard	standard	NOUN
cblr-10943	350	8	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	350	9	respect	respect	NOUN
cblr-10943	350	10	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	350	11	expert	expert	ADJ
cblr-10943	350	12	discretion	discretion	NOUN
cblr-10943	350	13	will	will	AUX
cblr-10943	350	14	stem	stem	VERB
cblr-10943	350	15	some	some	PRON
cblr-10943	350	16	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	350	17	these	these	DET
cblr-10943	350	18	concerns	concern	NOUN
cblr-10943	350	19	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	350	20	although	although	SCONJ
cblr-10943	350	21	it	it	PRON
cblr-10943	350	22	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	350	23	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	350	24	partial	partial	ADJ
cblr-10943	350	25	solution	solution	NOUN
cblr-10943	350	26	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	350	27	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	350	28	greater	great	ADJ
cblr-10943	350	29	problem	problem	NOUN
cblr-10943	350	30	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	350	31	legislative	legislative	ADJ
cblr-10943	350	32	misbalancing	misbalancing	NOUN
cblr-10943	350	33	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	351	1	c.	c.	NOUN
cblr-10943	351	2	restoring	restore	VERB
cblr-10943	351	3	pre-1986	pre-1986	NOUN
cblr-10943	351	4	burdens	burden	NOUN
cblr-10943	351	5	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	351	6	proof	proof	NOUN
cblr-10943	351	7	—	—	PUNCT
cblr-10943	351	8	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	351	9	second	second	ADV
cblr-10943	351	10	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	351	11	best	good	ADJ
cblr-10943	351	12	approach	approach	NOUN
cblr-10943	351	13	another	another	DET
cblr-10943	351	14	potential	potential	ADJ
cblr-10943	351	15	solution	solution	NOUN
cblr-10943	351	16	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	351	17	consider	consider	VERB
cblr-10943	351	18	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	351	19	returning	return	VERB
cblr-10943	351	20	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	351	21	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	351	22	pre-1986	pre-1986	NOUN
cblr-10943	351	23	burdens	burden	NOUN
cblr-10943	351	24	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	351	25	proof	proof	NOUN
cblr-10943	351	26	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	351	27	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	351	28	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	351	29	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	352	1	prior	prior	ADV
cblr-10943	352	2	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	352	3	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	352	4	1986	1986	NUM
cblr-10943	352	5	amendments	amendment	NOUN
cblr-10943	352	6	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	352	7	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	352	8	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	352	9	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	352	10	loosened	loosen	VERB
cblr-10943	352	11	many	many	ADJ
cblr-10943	352	12	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	352	13	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	352	14	practical	practical	ADJ
cblr-10943	352	15	restrictions	restriction	NOUN
cblr-10943	352	16	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	352	17	bringing	bring	VERB
cblr-10943	352	18	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	352	19	qui	qui	X
cblr-10943	352	20	tam	tam	NOUN
cblr-10943	352	21	action	action	NOUN
cblr-10943	352	22	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	352	23	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	352	24	ambiguous	ambiguous	ADJ
cblr-10943	352	25	statutory	statutory	ADJ
cblr-10943	352	26	language	language	NOUN
cblr-10943	352	27	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	352	28	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	352	29	original	original	ADJ
cblr-10943	352	30	act	act	NOUN
cblr-10943	352	31	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	352	32	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	352	33	later	later	ADJ
cblr-10943	352	34	1943	1943	NUM
cblr-10943	352	35	amendments	amendment	NOUN
cblr-10943	352	36	gave	give	VERB
cblr-10943	352	37	courts	court	NOUN
cblr-10943	352	38	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	352	39	opening	opening	NOUN
cblr-10943	352	40	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	352	41	interpret	interpret	VERB
cblr-10943	352	42	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	352	43	evidentiary	evidentiary	ADJ
cblr-10943	352	44	standards	standard	NOUN
cblr-10943	352	45	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	352	46	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	352	47	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	352	48	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	352	49	specifically	specifically	ADV
cblr-10943	352	50	by	by	ADP
cblr-10943	352	51	evidentiary	evidentiary	ADJ
cblr-10943	352	52	standards	standard	NOUN
cblr-10943	352	53	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	352	54	common	common	ADJ
cblr-10943	352	55	law	law	NOUN
cblr-10943	352	56	fraud.105	fraud.105	NOUN
cblr-10943	352	57	this	this	PRON
cblr-10943	352	58	resulted	result	VERB
cblr-10943	352	59	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	352	60	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	352	61	103	103	NUM
cblr-10943	352	62	brief	brief	NOUN
cblr-10943	352	63	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	352	64	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	352	65	chamber	chamber	PROPN
cblr-10943	352	66	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	352	67	commerce	commerce	PROPN
cblr-10943	352	68	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	352	69	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	352	70	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	352	71	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	352	72	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	352	73	america	america	PROPN
cblr-10943	352	74	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	352	75	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	352	76	pharmaceutical	pharmaceutical	ADJ
cblr-10943	352	77	research	research	NOUN
cblr-10943	352	78	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	352	79	manufacturers	manufacturer	NOUN
cblr-10943	352	80	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	352	81	america	america	PROPN
cblr-10943	352	82	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	352	83	phrma	phrma	PROPN
cblr-10943	352	84	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	352	85	as	as	ADP
cblr-10943	352	86	amici	amici	PROPN
cblr-10943	352	87	curiae	curiae	NOUN
cblr-10943	352	88	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	352	89	support	support	NOUN
cblr-10943	352	90	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	352	91	petitioner	petitioner	NOUN
cblr-10943	352	92	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	352	93	19	19	NUM
cblr-10943	352	94	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	352	95	care	care	NOUN
cblr-10943	352	96	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
cblr-10943	352	97	v.	v.	ADP
cblr-10943	352	98	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	352	99	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	352	100	ex	ex	PROPN
cblr-10943	352	101	rel	rel	NOUN
cblr-10943	352	102	druding	drude	VERB
cblr-10943	352	103	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	352	104	141	141	NUM
cblr-10943	352	105	s.	s.	PROPN
cblr-10943	352	106	ct	ct	PROPN
cblr-10943	352	107	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	353	1	1371	1371	NUM
cblr-10943	353	2	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	353	3	no	no	NOUN
cblr-10943	353	4	.	.	NOUN
cblr-10943	353	5	20	20	NUM
cblr-10943	353	6	-	-	SYM
cblr-10943	353	7	371	371	NUM
cblr-10943	353	8	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	353	9	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	353	10	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	353	11	wholly	wholly	ADV
cblr-10943	353	12	apart	apart	ADV
cblr-10943	353	13	from	from	ADP
cblr-10943	353	14	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	353	15	prospect	prospect	NOUN
cblr-10943	353	16	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	353	17	an	an	DET
cblr-10943	353	18	eventual	eventual	ADJ
cblr-10943	353	19	judgment	judgment	NOUN
cblr-10943	353	20	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	353	21	simply	simply	ADV
cblr-10943	353	22	defending	defend	VERB
cblr-10943	353	23	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	353	24	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	353	25	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	353	26	act	act	NOUN
cblr-10943	353	27	case	case	NOUN
cblr-10943	353	28	requires	require	VERB
cblr-10943	353	29	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	353	30	‘	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	353	31	tremendous	tremendous	ADJ
cblr-10943	353	32	expenditure	expenditure	NOUN
cblr-10943	353	33	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	353	34	time	time	NOUN
cblr-10943	353	35	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	353	36	energy	energy	NOUN
cblr-10943	353	37	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	353	38	’	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	353	39	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	353	40	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	354	1	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	355	1	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	355	2	example	example	NOUN
cblr-10943	355	3	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	355	4	‘	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	355	5	[	[	X
cblr-10943	355	6	p]harmaceutical	p]harmaceutical	ADJ
cblr-10943	355	7	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	355	8	medical	medical	ADJ
cblr-10943	355	9	devices	device	NOUN
cblr-10943	355	10	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	355	11	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	355	12	health	health	NOUN
cblr-10943	355	13	care	care	NOUN
cblr-10943	355	14	companies	company	NOUN
cblr-10943	355	15	’	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	355	16	alone	alone	ADV
cblr-10943	355	17	‘	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	355	18	spend	spend	VERB
cblr-10943	355	19	billions	billion	NOUN
cblr-10943	355	20	each	each	DET
cblr-10943	355	21	year	year	NOUN
cblr-10943	355	22	’	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	355	23	dealing	deal	VERB
cblr-10943	355	24	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	355	25	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	355	26	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	355	27	act	act	VERB
cblr-10943	355	28	investigations	investigation	NOUN
cblr-10943	355	29	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	355	30	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	355	31	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	356	1	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	356	2	internal	internal	ADJ
cblr-10943	356	3	citations	citation	NOUN
cblr-10943	356	4	omitted	omit	VERB
cblr-10943	356	5	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	356	6	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	357	1	104	104	NUM
cblr-10943	358	1	i	i	PRON
cblr-10943	358	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cblr-10943	358	3	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	358	4	14	14	NUM
cblr-10943	358	5	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	359	1	105	105	NUM
cblr-10943	359	2	act	act	NOUN
cblr-10943	359	3	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	359	4	dec	dec	PROPN
cblr-10943	359	5	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	359	6	23	23	NUM
cblr-10943	359	7	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	359	8	1943	1943	NUM
cblr-10943	359	9	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	359	10	ch	ch	NOUN
cblr-10943	359	11	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	359	12	377	377	NUM
cblr-10943	359	13	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	359	14	57	57	NUM
cblr-10943	359	15	stat	stat	NOUN
cblr-10943	359	16	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	360	1	608	608	NUM
cblr-10943	360	2	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	360	3	1943	1943	NUM
cblr-10943	360	4	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	360	5	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	361	1	u.s	u.s	PROPN
cblr-10943	361	2	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	361	3	ex	ex	PROPN
cblr-10943	361	4	rel	rel	PROPN
cblr-10943	361	5	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	361	6	stinson	stinson	PROPN
cblr-10943	361	7	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	361	8	lyons	lyons	PROPN
cblr-10943	361	9	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	361	10	gerlin	gerlin	PROPN
cblr-10943	361	11	&	&	CCONJ
cblr-10943	361	12	bustamante	bustamante	PROPN
cblr-10943	361	13	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	361	14	p.a	p.a	PROPN
cblr-10943	361	15	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	362	1	v.	v.	ADP
cblr-10943	362	2	provident	provident	ADJ
cblr-10943	362	3	life	life	PROPN
cblr-10943	362	4	&	&	CCONJ
cblr-10943	362	5	acc	acc	PROPN
cblr-10943	362	6	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	362	7	ins	ins	PROPN
cblr-10943	362	8	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	362	9	co.	co.	PROPN
cblr-10943	362	10	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	362	11	721	721	NUM
cblr-10943	362	12	f.	f.	PROPN
cblr-10943	362	13	supp	supp	PROPN
cblr-10943	362	14	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	363	1	1247	1247	NUM
cblr-10943	363	2	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	363	3	1252	1252	NUM
cblr-10943	363	4	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	363	5	s.d	s.d	PROPN
cblr-10943	363	6	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	363	7	fla	fla	PROPN
cblr-10943	363	8	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	363	9	1989	1989	NUM
cblr-10943	363	10	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	363	11	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	363	12	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	363	13	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	363	14	amendments	amendment	NOUN
cblr-10943	363	15	sought	seek	VERB
cblr-10943	363	16	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	363	17	loosen	loosen	VERB
cblr-10943	363	18	restrictive	restrictive	ADJ
cblr-10943	363	19	judicial	judicial	ADJ
cblr-10943	363	20	interpretation	interpretation	NOUN
cblr-10943	363	21	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	363	22	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	363	23	act	act	NOUN
cblr-10943	363	24	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	363	25	liability	liability	NOUN
cblr-10943	363	26	standard	standard	NOUN
cblr-10943	363	27	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	363	28	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	363	29	burden	burden	NOUN
cblr-10943	363	30	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	363	31	proof	proof	NOUN
cblr-10943	363	32	by	by	ADP
cblr-10943	363	33	defining	define	VERB
cblr-10943	363	34	previously	previously	ADV
cblr-10943	363	35	undefined	undefined	ADJ
cblr-10943	363	36	terms	term	NOUN
cblr-10943	363	37	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	363	38	by	by	ADP
cblr-10943	363	39	expanding	expand	VERB
cblr-10943	363	40	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	363	41	qui	qui	X
cblr-10943	363	42	tam	tam	X
cblr-10943	363	43	jurisdictional	jurisdictional	ADJ
cblr-10943	363	44	provisions	provision	NOUN
cblr-10943	363	45	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	363	46	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	363	47	by	by	ADP
cblr-10943	363	48	increasing	increase	VERB
cblr-10943	363	49	civil	civil	ADJ
cblr-10943	363	50	penalties	penalty	NOUN
cblr-10943	363	51	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	363	52	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	363	53	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	363	54	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	364	1	no	no	INTJ
cblr-10943	364	2	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	365	1	2:993	2:993	NUM
cblr-10943	365	2	]	]	PUNCT
cblr-10943	365	3	reconsidering	reconsider	VERB
cblr-10943	365	4	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	365	5	role	role	NOUN
cblr-10943	365	6	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	365	7	expert	expert	ADJ
cblr-10943	365	8	discretion	discretion	NOUN
cblr-10943	365	9	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	365	10	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	365	11	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	365	12	1019	1019	NUM
cblr-10943	365	13	generally	generally	ADV
cblr-10943	365	14	higher	high	ADJ
cblr-10943	365	15	burden	burden	NOUN
cblr-10943	365	16	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	365	17	proof	proof	NOUN
cblr-10943	365	18	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	365	19	each	each	PRON
cblr-10943	365	20	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	365	21	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	365	22	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	365	23	elements	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	365	24	than	than	ADP
cblr-10943	365	25	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	365	26	traditional	traditional	ADJ
cblr-10943	365	27	preponderance	preponderance	NOUN
cblr-10943	365	28	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	365	29	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	365	30	evidence	evidence	NOUN
cblr-10943	365	31	standard	standard	NOUN
cblr-10943	365	32	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	365	33	most	most	ADJ
cblr-10943	365	34	civil	civil	ADJ
cblr-10943	365	35	cases,106	cases,106	NOUN
cblr-10943	365	36	specifically	specifically	ADV
cblr-10943	365	37	through	through	ADP
cblr-10943	365	38	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	365	39	heightened	heighten	VERB
cblr-10943	365	40	scienter	scienter	NOUN
cblr-10943	365	41	requirement	requirement	NOUN
cblr-10943	365	42	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	365	43	having	have	VERB
cblr-10943	365	44	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	365	45	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	365	46	specific	specific	ADJ
cblr-10943	365	47	intent	intent	NOUN
cblr-10943	365	48	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	365	49	defraud	defraud	VERB
cblr-10943	365	50	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	365	51	”107	”107	PUNCT
cblr-10943	366	1	there	there	PRON
cblr-10943	366	2	is	be	VERB
cblr-10943	366	3	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	366	4	strong	strong	ADJ
cblr-10943	366	5	argument	argument	NOUN
cblr-10943	366	6	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	366	7	returning	return	VERB
cblr-10943	366	8	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	366	9	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	366	10	former	former	ADJ
cblr-10943	366	11	heightened	heighten	VERB
cblr-10943	366	12	standard	standard	NOUN
cblr-10943	366	13	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	366	14	which	which	PRON
cblr-10943	366	15	was	be	AUX
cblr-10943	366	16	previously	previously	ADV
cblr-10943	366	17	described	describe	VERB
cblr-10943	366	18	as	as	ADP
cblr-10943	366	19	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	366	20	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	366	21	functional	functional	ADJ
cblr-10943	366	22	equivalent	equivalent	NOUN
cblr-10943	366	23	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	366	24	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	366	25	criminal	criminal	ADJ
cblr-10943	366	26	standard	standard	NOUN
cblr-10943	366	27	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	366	28	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	366	29	through	through	ADP
cblr-10943	366	30	legislative	legislative	ADJ
cblr-10943	366	31	action,108	action,108	NOUN
cblr-10943	366	32	given	give	VERB
cblr-10943	366	33	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	366	34	explosion	explosion	NOUN
cblr-10943	366	35	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	366	36	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	366	37	claims	claim	VERB
cblr-10943	366	38	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	366	39	has	have	AUX
cblr-10943	366	40	followed	follow	VERB
cblr-10943	366	41	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	366	42	1986	1986	NUM
cblr-10943	366	43	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	366	44	succeeding	succeed	VERB
cblr-10943	366	45	amendments.109	amendments.109	NUM
cblr-10943	366	46	some	some	DET
cblr-10943	366	47	critics	critic	NOUN
cblr-10943	366	48	argue	argue	VERB
cblr-10943	366	49	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	366	50	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	366	51	current	current	ADJ
cblr-10943	366	52	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	366	53	regime	regime	NOUN
cblr-10943	366	54	has	have	AUX
cblr-10943	366	55	created	create	VERB
cblr-10943	366	56	an	an	DET
cblr-10943	366	57	untenable	untenable	ADJ
cblr-10943	366	58	business	business	NOUN
cblr-10943	366	59	environment	environment	NOUN
cblr-10943	366	60	where	where	SCONJ
cblr-10943	366	61	dealing	deal	VERB
cblr-10943	366	62	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	366	63	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	366	64	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	366	65	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	366	66	meritless	meritless	NOUN
cblr-10943	366	67	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	366	68	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	366	69	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	366	70	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	366	71	an	an	DET
cblr-10943	366	72	unavoidable	unavoidable	ADJ
cblr-10943	366	73	part	part	NOUN
cblr-10943	366	74	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	366	75	doing	do	VERB
cblr-10943	366	76	business	business	NOUN
cblr-10943	366	77	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	366	78	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	366	79	federal	federal	PROPN
cblr-10943	366	80	government.110	government.110	PROPN
cblr-10943	366	81	these	these	DET
cblr-10943	366	82	proponents	proponent	NOUN
cblr-10943	366	83	claim	claim	VERB
cblr-10943	366	84	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	366	85	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	366	86	relators	relator	NOUN
cblr-10943	366	87	’	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	366	88	relatively	relatively	ADV
cblr-10943	366	89	ease	ease	ADJ
cblr-10943	366	90	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	366	91	surviving	survive	VERB
cblr-10943	366	92	summary	summary	NOUN
cblr-10943	366	93	judgment	judgment	NOUN
cblr-10943	366	94	under	under	ADP
cblr-10943	366	95	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	366	96	current	current	ADJ
cblr-10943	366	97	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	366	98	regime	regime	NOUN
cblr-10943	366	99	forces	force	NOUN
cblr-10943	366	100	businesses	business	NOUN
cblr-10943	366	101	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	366	102	either	either	CCONJ
cblr-10943	366	103	expend	expend	VERB
cblr-10943	366	104	considerable	considerable	ADJ
cblr-10943	366	105	resources	resource	NOUN
cblr-10943	366	106	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	366	107	defending	defend	VERB
cblr-10943	366	108	these	these	DET
cblr-10943	366	109	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	366	110	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	366	111	meritorious	meritorious	ADJ
cblr-10943	366	112	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	366	113	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	366	114	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	366	115	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	366	116	simply	simply	ADV
cblr-10943	366	117	settle	settle	VERB
cblr-10943	366	118	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	366	119	order	order	NOUN
cblr-10943	366	120	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	366	121	avoid	avoid	VERB
cblr-10943	366	122	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	366	123	expense	expense	NOUN
cblr-10943	366	124	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	366	125	litigation	litigation	NOUN
cblr-10943	366	126	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	366	127	prevent	prevent	VERB
cblr-10943	366	128	additional	additional	ADJ
cblr-10943	366	129	complications.111	complications.111	NOUN
cblr-10943	366	130	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	366	131	history	history	NOUN
cblr-10943	366	132	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	366	133	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	366	134	juxtaposition	juxtaposition	NOUN
cblr-10943	366	135	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	366	136	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	366	137	current	current	ADJ
cblr-10943	366	138	state	state	NOUN
cblr-10943	366	139	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	366	140	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	366	141	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	366	142	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	366	143	warrants	warrant	NOUN
cblr-10943	366	144	revisiting	revisit	VERB
cblr-10943	366	145	previous	previous	ADJ
cblr-10943	366	146	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	366	147	regimes	regime	NOUN
cblr-10943	366	148	as	as	ADP
cblr-10943	366	149	potential	potential	ADJ
cblr-10943	366	150	solutions	solution	NOUN
cblr-10943	366	151	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	366	152	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	366	153	current	current	ADJ
cblr-10943	366	154	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	366	155	split	split	NOUN
cblr-10943	366	156	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	367	1	however	however	ADV
cblr-10943	367	2	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	367	3	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	367	4	solution	solution	NOUN
cblr-10943	367	5	would	would	AUX
cblr-10943	367	6	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	367	7	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	367	8	ideal	ideal	ADJ
cblr-10943	367	9	as	as	SCONJ
cblr-10943	367	10	it	it	PRON
cblr-10943	367	11	does	do	AUX
cblr-10943	367	12	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	367	13	fully	fully	ADV
cblr-10943	367	14	balance	balance	VERB
cblr-10943	367	15	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	367	16	competing	compete	VERB
cblr-10943	367	17	themes	theme	NOUN
cblr-10943	367	18	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	367	19	interests	interest	NOUN
cblr-10943	367	20	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	367	21	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	367	22	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	367	23	as	as	ADV
cblr-10943	367	24	delicately	delicately	ADV
cblr-10943	367	25	as	as	ADP
cblr-10943	367	26	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	367	27	next	next	ADJ
cblr-10943	367	28	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	367	29	more	more	ADV
cblr-10943	367	30	optimal	optimal	ADJ
cblr-10943	367	31	solution	solution	NOUN
cblr-10943	367	32	does	do	VERB
cblr-10943	367	33	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	368	1	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	368	2	106	106	NUM
cblr-10943	368	3	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	368	4	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	368	5	v.	v.	ADP
cblr-10943	368	6	ueber	ueber	PROPN
cblr-10943	368	7	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	368	8	299	299	NUM
cblr-10943	368	9	f.2d	f.2d	X
cblr-10943	368	10	310	310	NUM
cblr-10943	368	11	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	368	12	314	314	NUM
cblr-10943	368	13	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	368	14	6th	6th	ADJ
cblr-10943	368	15	cir	cir	NOUN
cblr-10943	368	16	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	368	17	1962	1962	NUM
cblr-10943	368	18	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	368	19	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	368	20	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	368	21	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	368	22	had	have	VERB
cblr-10943	368	23	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	368	24	establish	establish	VERB
cblr-10943	368	25	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	368	26	claim	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	368	27	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	368	28	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	368	29	clear	clear	ADJ
cblr-10943	368	30	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	368	31	unequivocal	unequivocal	ADJ
cblr-10943	368	32	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	368	33	convincing	convincing	ADJ
cblr-10943	368	34	evidence	evidence	NOUN
cblr-10943	368	35	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	368	36	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	368	37	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	369	1	107	107	NUM
cblr-10943	369	2	see	see	VERB
cblr-10943	369	3	i	i	PROPN
cblr-10943	369	4	d.	d.	PROPN
cblr-10943	369	5	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	369	6	gregory	gregory	PROPN
cblr-10943	369	7	g.	g.	PROPN
cblr-10943	369	8	brooker	brooker	PROPN
cblr-10943	369	9	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	369	10	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	369	11	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	369	12	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	369	13	act	act	NOUN
cblr-10943	369	14	:	:	PUNCT
cblr-10943	369	15	congress	congress	PROPN
cblr-10943	369	16	giveth	giveth	VERB
cblr-10943	369	17	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	369	18	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	369	19	courts	court	NOUN
cblr-10943	369	20	taketh	taketh	VERB
cblr-10943	369	21	away	away	ADV
cblr-10943	369	22	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	369	23	25	25	NUM
cblr-10943	369	24	hamline	hamline	PROPN
cblr-10943	369	25	l.	l.	PROPN
cblr-10943	369	26	rev	rev	PROPN
cblr-10943	369	27	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	369	28	373	373	NUM
cblr-10943	369	29	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	369	30	380	380	NUM
cblr-10943	369	31	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	369	32	2002	2002	NUM
cblr-10943	369	33	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	369	34	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	369	35	see	see	VERB
cblr-10943	369	36	also	also	ADV
cblr-10943	369	37	31	31	NUM
cblr-10943	369	38	u.s.c	u.s.c	ADJ
cblr-10943	369	39	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	370	1	§	§	PROPN
cblr-10943	370	2	3729(b)(1)(b	3729(b)(1)(b	NUM
cblr-10943	370	3	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	370	4	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	370	5	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	370	6	current	current	ADJ
cblr-10943	370	7	version	version	NOUN
cblr-10943	370	8	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	370	9	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	370	10	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	370	11	requires	require	VERB
cblr-10943	370	12	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	370	13	no	no	DET
cblr-10943	370	14	proof	proof	NOUN
cblr-10943	370	15	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	370	16	specific	specific	ADJ
cblr-10943	370	17	intent	intent	NOUN
cblr-10943	370	18	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	370	19	defraud	defraud	VERB
cblr-10943	370	20	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	370	21	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	370	22	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	371	1	108	108	NUM
cblr-10943	371	2	i	i	PRON
cblr-10943	371	3	d.	d.	PROPN
cblr-10943	371	4	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	371	5	s.	s.	PROPN
cblr-10943	371	6	rep	rep	PROPN
cblr-10943	371	7	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	371	8	99	99	NUM
cblr-10943	371	9	-	-	SYM
cblr-10943	371	10	345	345	NUM
cblr-10943	371	11	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	371	12	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	371	13	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	371	14	burden	burden	NOUN
cblr-10943	371	15	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	371	16	proof	proof	NOUN
cblr-10943	371	17	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	371	18	civil	civil	ADJ
cblr-10943	371	19	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	371	20	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	371	21	cases	case	NOUN
cblr-10943	371	22	has	have	AUX
cblr-10943	371	23	also	also	ADV
cblr-10943	371	24	evolved	evolve	VERB
cblr-10943	371	25	through	through	ADP
cblr-10943	371	26	caselaw	caselaw	NOUN
cblr-10943	371	27	into	into	ADP
cblr-10943	371	28	an	an	DET
cblr-10943	371	29	ambiguous	ambiguous	ADJ
cblr-10943	371	30	standard	standard	NOUN
cblr-10943	371	31	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	371	32	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	371	33	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	371	34	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	372	1	109	109	NUM
cblr-10943	372	2	baker	baker	PROPN
cblr-10943	372	3	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	372	4	supra	supra	PROPN
cblr-10943	372	5	note	note	PROPN
cblr-10943	372	6	89	89	NUM
cblr-10943	372	7	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	372	8	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	372	9	227	227	NUM
cblr-10943	372	10	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	373	1	110	110	NUM
cblr-10943	373	2	brief	brief	NOUN
cblr-10943	373	3	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	373	4	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	373	5	chamber	chamber	PROPN
cblr-10943	373	6	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	373	7	commerce	commerce	PROPN
cblr-10943	373	8	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	373	9	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	373	10	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	373	11	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	373	12	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	373	13	america	america	PROPN
cblr-10943	373	14	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	373	15	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	373	16	pharmaceutical	pharmaceutical	ADJ
cblr-10943	373	17	research	research	NOUN
cblr-10943	373	18	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	373	19	manufacturers	manufacturer	NOUN
cblr-10943	373	20	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	373	21	america	america	PROPN
cblr-10943	373	22	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	373	23	phrma	phrma	PROPN
cblr-10943	373	24	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	373	25	as	as	ADP
cblr-10943	373	26	amici	amici	PROPN
cblr-10943	373	27	curiae	curiae	NOUN
cblr-10943	373	28	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	373	29	support	support	NOUN
cblr-10943	373	30	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	373	31	petitioner	petitioner	NOUN
cblr-10943	373	32	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	373	33	4	4	NUM
cblr-10943	373	34	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	373	35	care	care	VERB
cblr-10943	373	36	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
cblr-10943	373	37	v.	v.	ADP
cblr-10943	373	38	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	373	39	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	373	40	ex	ex	PROPN
cblr-10943	373	41	rel	rel	NOUN
cblr-10943	373	42	druding	drude	VERB
cblr-10943	373	43	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	373	44	141	141	NUM
cblr-10943	373	45	s.	s.	PROPN
cblr-10943	373	46	ct	ct	PROPN
cblr-10943	373	47	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	374	1	1371	1371	NUM
cblr-10943	374	2	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	374	3	no	no	NOUN
cblr-10943	374	4	.	.	NOUN
cblr-10943	374	5	20	20	NUM
cblr-10943	374	6	-	-	SYM
cblr-10943	374	7	371	371	NUM
cblr-10943	374	8	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	374	9	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	375	1	111	111	NUM
cblr-10943	376	1	i	i	PRON
cblr-10943	376	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cblr-10943	376	3	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	376	4	19–20	19–20	NUM
cblr-10943	376	5	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	376	6	1020	1020	NUM
cblr-10943	377	1	columbia	columbia	PROPN
cblr-10943	377	2	business	business	NOUN
cblr-10943	377	3	law	law	PROPN
cblr-10943	377	4	review	review	NOUN
cblr-10943	377	5	[	[	X
cblr-10943	377	6	vol	vol	NOUN
cblr-10943	377	7	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	377	8	2022	2022	NUM
cblr-10943	377	9	enacting	enact	VERB
cblr-10943	377	10	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	377	11	1986	1986	NUM
cblr-10943	377	12	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	377	13	amendments	amendment	NOUN
cblr-10943	377	14	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	377	15	congress	congress	PROPN
cblr-10943	377	16	responded	respond	VERB
cblr-10943	377	17	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	377	18	demands	demand	NOUN
cblr-10943	377	19	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	377	20	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	377	21	less	less	ADV
cblr-10943	377	22	restrictive	restrictive	ADJ
cblr-10943	377	23	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	377	24	regime	regime	NOUN
cblr-10943	377	25	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	377	26	order	order	NOUN
cblr-10943	377	27	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	377	28	combat	combat	VERB
cblr-10943	377	29	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	377	30	excessive	excessive	ADJ
cblr-10943	377	31	proliferation	proliferation	NOUN
cblr-10943	377	32	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	377	33	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	377	34	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	377	35	had	have	AUX
cblr-10943	377	36	resulted	result	VERB
cblr-10943	377	37	from	from	ADP
cblr-10943	377	38	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	377	39	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	377	40	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	377	41	disuse	disuse	NOUN
cblr-10943	377	42	between	between	ADP
cblr-10943	377	43	1943	1943	NUM
cblr-10943	377	44	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	377	45	1986.112	1986.112	NUM
cblr-10943	377	46	these	these	DET
cblr-10943	377	47	pre-1986	pre-1986	NOUN
cblr-10943	377	48	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	377	49	burden	burden	PROPN
cblr-10943	377	50	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	377	51	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	377	52	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	377	53	proof	proof	ADJ
cblr-10943	377	54	interpretations	interpretation	NOUN
cblr-10943	377	55	had	have	AUX
cblr-10943	377	56	effectively	effectively	ADV
cblr-10943	377	57	turned	turn	VERB
cblr-10943	377	58	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	377	59	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	377	60	into	into	ADP
cblr-10943	377	61	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	377	62	quasi	quasi	ADJ
cblr-10943	377	63	-	-	ADJ
cblr-10943	377	64	criminal	criminal	ADJ
cblr-10943	377	65	statute	statute	NOUN
cblr-10943	377	66	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	377	67	given	give	VERB
cblr-10943	377	68	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	377	69	raised	raise	VERB
cblr-10943	377	70	evidentiary	evidentiary	NOUN
cblr-10943	377	71	bar	bar	NOUN
cblr-10943	377	72	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	377	73	punitive	punitive	ADJ
cblr-10943	377	74	damages	damage	NOUN
cblr-10943	377	75	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	377	76	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	377	77	had	have	AUX
cblr-10943	377	78	made	make	VERB
cblr-10943	377	79	it	it	PRON
cblr-10943	377	80	difficult	difficult	ADJ
cblr-10943	377	81	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	377	82	incentivize	incentivize	VERB
cblr-10943	377	83	relators	relator	NOUN
cblr-10943	377	84	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	377	85	bring	bring	VERB
cblr-10943	377	86	forth	forth	ADV
cblr-10943	377	87	their	their	PRON
cblr-10943	377	88	own	own	ADJ
cblr-10943	377	89	claims.113	claims.113	NOUN
cblr-10943	377	90	returning	return	VERB
cblr-10943	377	91	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	377	92	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	377	93	previous	previous	ADJ
cblr-10943	377	94	burden	burden	NOUN
cblr-10943	377	95	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	377	96	proof	proof	NOUN
cblr-10943	377	97	would	would	AUX
cblr-10943	377	98	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	377	99	preferable	preferable	ADJ
cblr-10943	377	100	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	377	101	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	377	102	proliferation	proliferation	NOUN
cblr-10943	377	103	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	377	104	litigation	litigation	NOUN
cblr-10943	377	105	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	377	106	uncertainty	uncertainty	NOUN
cblr-10943	377	107	under	under	ADP
cblr-10943	377	108	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	377	109	current	current	ADJ
cblr-10943	377	110	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	377	111	split	split	NOUN
cblr-10943	377	112	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	377	113	but	but	CCONJ
cblr-10943	377	114	such	such	DET
cblr-10943	377	115	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	377	116	heavy	heavy	ADV
cblr-10943	377	117	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	377	118	handed	handed	ADJ
cblr-10943	377	119	change	change	NOUN
cblr-10943	377	120	would	would	AUX
cblr-10943	377	121	cause	cause	VERB
cblr-10943	377	122	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	377	123	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	377	124	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	377	125	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	377	126	doomed	doom	VERB
cblr-10943	377	127	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	377	128	repeat	repeat	VERB
cblr-10943	377	129	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	377	130	mistakes	mistake	NOUN
cblr-10943	377	131	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	377	132	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	377	133	past	past	NOUN
cblr-10943	377	134	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	378	1	d.	d.	PROPN
cblr-10943	378	2	raising	raise	VERB
cblr-10943	378	3	scienter	scienter	NOUN
cblr-10943	378	4	particularity	particularity	NOUN
cblr-10943	378	5	—	—	PUNCT
cblr-10943	378	6	an	an	DET
cblr-10943	378	7	optimal	optimal	ADJ
cblr-10943	378	8	approach	approach	NOUN
cblr-10943	378	9	an	an	DET
cblr-10943	378	10	ideal	ideal	ADJ
cblr-10943	378	11	solution	solution	NOUN
cblr-10943	378	12	would	would	AUX
cblr-10943	378	13	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	378	14	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	378	15	incorporate	incorporate	VERB
cblr-10943	378	16	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	378	17	desirable	desirable	ADJ
cblr-10943	378	18	elements	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	378	19	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	378	20	wholly	wholly	ADV
cblr-10943	378	21	accepting	accept	VERB
cblr-10943	378	22	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	378	23	rejecting	reject	VERB
cblr-10943	378	24	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	378	25	objective	objective	ADJ
cblr-10943	378	26	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	378	27	standard	standard	NOUN
cblr-10943	378	28	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	378	29	specifically	specifically	ADV
cblr-10943	378	30	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	378	31	this	this	PRON
cblr-10943	378	32	would	would	AUX
cblr-10943	378	33	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	378	34	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	378	35	maintenance	maintenance	NOUN
cblr-10943	378	36	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	378	37	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	378	38	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	378	39	scienter	scienter	NOUN
cblr-10943	378	40	as	as	ADP
cblr-10943	378	41	separate	separate	ADJ
cblr-10943	378	42	elements	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	378	43	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	378	44	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	378	45	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ
cblr-10943	378	46	procedural	procedural	ADJ
cblr-10943	378	47	bar	bar	NOUN
cblr-10943	378	48	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	378	49	preclude	preclude	VERB
cblr-10943	378	50	frivolous	frivolous	ADJ
cblr-10943	378	51	qui	qui	X
cblr-10943	378	52	tam	tam	PROPN
cblr-10943	378	53	actions	action	NOUN
cblr-10943	378	54	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	378	55	exploit	exploit	VERB
cblr-10943	378	56	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	378	57	lowered	lowered	ADJ
cblr-10943	378	58	rule	rule	NOUN
cblr-10943	378	59	9(b	9(b	NUM
cblr-10943	378	60	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	378	61	pleading	plead	VERB
cblr-10943	378	62	requirement	requirement	NOUN
cblr-10943	378	63	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	378	64	scienter	scienter	NOUN
cblr-10943	378	65	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	379	1	such	such	DET
cblr-10943	379	2	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	379	3	solution	solution	NOUN
cblr-10943	379	4	would	would	AUX
cblr-10943	379	5	facilitate	facilitate	VERB
cblr-10943	379	6	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ
cblr-10943	379	7	allowance	allowance	NOUN
cblr-10943	379	8	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	379	9	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	379	10	pleading	plead	VERB
cblr-10943	379	11	standard	standard	NOUN
cblr-10943	379	12	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	379	13	actually	actually	ADV
cblr-10943	379	14	allow	allow	VERB
cblr-10943	379	15	relators	relator	NOUN
cblr-10943	379	16	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	379	17	bring	bring	VERB
cblr-10943	379	18	forth	forth	ADV
cblr-10943	379	19	viable	viable	ADJ
cblr-10943	379	20	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	379	21	against	against	ADP
cblr-10943	379	22	bad	bad	ADJ
cblr-10943	379	23	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	379	24	faith	faith	NOUN
cblr-10943	379	25	experts	expert	NOUN
cblr-10943	379	26	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	379	27	while	while	SCONJ
cblr-10943	379	28	also	also	ADV
cblr-10943	379	29	having	have	VERB
cblr-10943	379	30	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	379	31	simultaneous	simultaneous	ADJ
cblr-10943	379	32	effect	effect	NOUN
cblr-10943	379	33	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	379	34	raising	raise	VERB
cblr-10943	379	35	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	379	36	procedural	procedural	ADJ
cblr-10943	379	37	bar	bar	NOUN
cblr-10943	379	38	against	against	ADP
cblr-10943	379	39	frivolous	frivolous	ADJ
cblr-10943	379	40	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	379	41	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	379	42	designed	design	VERB
cblr-10943	379	43	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	379	44	extract	extract	VERB
cblr-10943	379	45	settlements	settlement	NOUN
cblr-10943	379	46	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	380	1	one	one	NUM
cblr-10943	380	2	way	way	NOUN
cblr-10943	380	3	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	380	4	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	380	5	optimal	optimal	ADJ
cblr-10943	380	6	balancing	balancing	NOUN
cblr-10943	380	7	could	could	AUX
cblr-10943	380	8	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	380	9	achieved	achieve	VERB
cblr-10943	380	10	would	would	AUX
cblr-10943	380	11	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	380	12	through	through	ADP
cblr-10943	380	13	rejecting	reject	VERB
cblr-10943	380	14	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	380	15	objective	objective	ADJ
cblr-10943	380	16	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	380	17	standard	standard	NOUN
cblr-10943	380	18	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	380	19	while	while	SCONJ
cblr-10943	380	20	altering	alter	VERB
cblr-10943	380	21	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	380	22	application	application	NOUN
cblr-10943	380	23	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	380	24	rule	rule	NOUN
cblr-10943	380	25	9(b	9(b	NUM
cblr-10943	380	26	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	380	27	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	380	28	heighten	heighten	VERB
cblr-10943	380	29	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	380	30	112	112	NUM
cblr-10943	380	31	see	see	NOUN
cblr-10943	380	32	provident	provident	ADJ
cblr-10943	380	33	life	life	NOUN
cblr-10943	380	34	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	380	35	721	721	NUM
cblr-10943	380	36	f.	f.	PROPN
cblr-10943	380	37	supp	supp	PROPN
cblr-10943	380	38	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	381	1	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	381	2	1252	1252	NUM
cblr-10943	381	3	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	381	4	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	381	5	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	381	6	amendments	amendment	NOUN
cblr-10943	381	7	sought	seek	VERB
cblr-10943	381	8	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	381	9	loosen	loosen	VERB
cblr-10943	381	10	restrictive	restrictive	ADJ
cblr-10943	381	11	judicial	judicial	ADJ
cblr-10943	381	12	interpretation	interpretation	NOUN
cblr-10943	381	13	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	381	14	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	381	15	act	act	NOUN
cblr-10943	381	16	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	381	17	liability	liability	NOUN
cblr-10943	381	18	standard	standard	NOUN
cblr-10943	381	19	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	381	20	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	381	21	burden	burden	NOUN
cblr-10943	381	22	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	381	23	proof	proof	NOUN
cblr-10943	381	24	by	by	ADP
cblr-10943	381	25	defining	define	VERB
cblr-10943	381	26	previously	previously	ADV
cblr-10943	381	27	undefined	undefined	ADJ
cblr-10943	381	28	terms	term	NOUN
cblr-10943	381	29	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	381	30	by	by	ADP
cblr-10943	381	31	expanding	expand	VERB
cblr-10943	381	32	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	381	33	qui	qui	X
cblr-10943	381	34	tam	tam	X
cblr-10943	381	35	jurisdictional	jurisdictional	ADJ
cblr-10943	381	36	provisions	provision	NOUN
cblr-10943	381	37	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	381	38	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	381	39	by	by	ADP
cblr-10943	381	40	increasing	increase	VERB
cblr-10943	381	41	civil	civil	ADJ
cblr-10943	381	42	penalties	penalty	NOUN
cblr-10943	381	43	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	381	44	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	381	45	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	381	46	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	382	1	s.	s.	PROPN
cblr-10943	382	2	rep	rep	PROPN
cblr-10943	382	3	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	382	4	no	no	PROPN
cblr-10943	382	5	.	.	NOUN
cblr-10943	383	1	99	99	NUM
cblr-10943	383	2	-	-	SYM
cblr-10943	383	3	345	345	NUM
cblr-10943	383	4	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	383	5	3	3	NUM
cblr-10943	383	6	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	383	7	1989	1989	NUM
cblr-10943	383	8	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	384	1	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	384	2	pl	pl	PROPN
cblr-10943	384	3	99–562	99–562	NUM
cblr-10943	384	4	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	384	5	s	s	NOUN
cblr-10943	384	6	1562	1562	NUM
cblr-10943	384	7	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	384	8	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	385	1	113	113	NUM
cblr-10943	385	2	s.	s.	PROPN
cblr-10943	385	3	rep	rep	PROPN
cblr-10943	385	4	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	385	5	no	no	PROPN
cblr-10943	385	6	.	.	NOUN
cblr-10943	385	7	99	99	NUM
cblr-10943	385	8	-	-	SYM
cblr-10943	385	9	345	345	NUM
cblr-10943	385	10	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	385	11	7	7	NUM
cblr-10943	385	12	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	385	13	1989	1989	NUM
cblr-10943	385	14	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	385	15	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	385	16	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	385	17	some	some	DET
cblr-10943	385	18	courts	court	NOUN
cblr-10943	385	19	have	have	AUX
cblr-10943	385	20	required	require	VERB
cblr-10943	385	21	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	385	22	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	385	23	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	385	24	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	385	25	prove	prove	VERB
cblr-10943	385	26	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	385	27	violation	violation	NOUN
cblr-10943	385	28	by	by	ADP
cblr-10943	385	29	clear	clear	ADJ
cblr-10943	385	30	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	385	31	convincing	convincing	ADJ
cblr-10943	385	32	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	385	33	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	385	34	even	even	ADV
cblr-10943	385	35	clear	clear	ADJ
cblr-10943	385	36	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	385	37	unequivocal	unequivocal	ADJ
cblr-10943	385	38	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	385	39	convincing	convincing	ADJ
cblr-10943	385	40	evidence	evidence	NOUN
cblr-10943	385	41	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	385	42	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	386	1	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	387	1	which	which	PRON
cblr-10943	387	2	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	387	3	justice	justice	PROPN
cblr-10943	387	4	department	department	PROPN
cblr-10943	387	5	has	have	AUX
cblr-10943	387	6	testified	testify	VERB
cblr-10943	387	7	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	387	8	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	387	9	‘	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	387	10	functional	functional	ADJ
cblr-10943	387	11	equivalent	equivalent	NOUN
cblr-10943	387	12	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	387	13	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	387	14	criminal	criminal	ADJ
cblr-10943	387	15	standard	standard	NOUN
cblr-10943	387	16	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	387	17	’	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	387	18	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	387	19	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	387	20	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	388	1	no	no	INTJ
cblr-10943	388	2	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	389	1	2:993	2:993	NUM
cblr-10943	389	2	]	]	PUNCT
cblr-10943	389	3	reconsidering	reconsider	VERB
cblr-10943	389	4	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	389	5	role	role	NOUN
cblr-10943	389	6	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	389	7	expert	expert	ADJ
cblr-10943	389	8	discretion	discretion	NOUN
cblr-10943	389	9	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	389	10	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	389	11	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	389	12	1021	1021	NUM
cblr-10943	389	13	particularity	particularity	NOUN
cblr-10943	389	14	requirement	requirement	NOUN
cblr-10943	389	15	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	389	16	scienter	scienter	NOUN
cblr-10943	389	17	when	when	SCONJ
cblr-10943	389	18	expert	expert	ADJ
cblr-10943	389	19	discretion	discretion	NOUN
cblr-10943	389	20	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	389	21	involved	involve	VERB
cblr-10943	389	22	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	390	1	there	there	PRON
cblr-10943	390	2	is	be	VERB
cblr-10943	390	3	some	some	DET
cblr-10943	390	4	precedent	precedent	NOUN
cblr-10943	390	5	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	390	6	this	this	PRON
cblr-10943	390	7	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	390	8	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	390	9	case	case	NOUN
cblr-10943	390	10	called	call	VERB
cblr-10943	390	11	u.s	u.s	PROPN
cblr-10943	390	12	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	390	13	ex	ex	PROPN
cblr-10943	390	14	rel	rel	PROPN
cblr-10943	390	15	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	391	1	atkinson	atkinson	PROPN
cblr-10943	391	2	v.	v.	PROPN
cblr-10943	391	3	pennsylvania	pennsylvania	PROPN
cblr-10943	391	4	shipping	shipping	PROPN
cblr-10943	391	5	co.	co.	PROPN
cblr-10943	391	6	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	391	7	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	391	8	case	case	NOUN
cblr-10943	391	9	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	391	10	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	391	11	relator	relator	NOUN
cblr-10943	391	12	brought	bring	VERB
cblr-10943	391	13	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	391	14	qui	qui	X
cblr-10943	391	15	tam	tam	NOUN
cblr-10943	391	16	action	action	NOUN
cblr-10943	391	17	claiming	claim	VERB
cblr-10943	391	18	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	391	19	defendants	defendant	NOUN
cblr-10943	391	20	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	391	21	conspired	conspire	VERB
cblr-10943	391	22	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	391	23	defraud	defraud	VERB
cblr-10943	391	24	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	391	25	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	391	26	did	do	AUX
cblr-10943	391	27	defraud	defraud	VERB
cblr-10943	391	28	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	391	29	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	391	30	navy	navy	NOUN
cblr-10943	391	31	by	by	ADP
cblr-10943	391	32	getting	get	VERB
cblr-10943	391	33	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	391	34	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	391	35	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	391	36	reverse	reverse	VERB
cblr-10943	391	37	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	391	38	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	391	39	paid	pay	VERB
cblr-10943	391	40	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	391	41	allowed	allow	VERB
cblr-10943	391	42	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	391	43	connection	connection	NOUN
cblr-10943	391	44	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	391	45	[	[	X
cblr-10943	391	46	a	a	X
cblr-10943	391	47	]	]	X
cblr-10943	391	48	navy	navy	PROPN
cblr-10943	391	49	shipbuilding	shipbuilding	NOUN
cblr-10943	391	50	contract	contract	NOUN
cblr-10943	391	51	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	391	52	”114	”114	PROPN
cblr-10943	391	53	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	391	54	pennsylvania	pennsylvania	PROPN
cblr-10943	391	55	shipping	shipping	PROPN
cblr-10943	391	56	co.	co.	PROPN
cblr-10943	391	57	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	391	58	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	391	59	court	court	NOUN
cblr-10943	391	60	situationally	situationally	ADV
cblr-10943	391	61	extended	extend	VERB
cblr-10943	391	62	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	391	63	rule	rule	NOUN
cblr-10943	391	64	9(b	9(b	NUM
cblr-10943	391	65	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	391	66	particularity	particularity	NOUN
cblr-10943	391	67	requirement	requirement	NOUN
cblr-10943	391	68	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	391	69	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	391	70	scienter	scienter	NOUN
cblr-10943	391	71	element	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	391	72	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	391	73	reasoning	reason	VERB
cblr-10943	391	74	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	391	75	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	391	76	[	[	X
cblr-10943	391	77	i]f	i]f	ADP
cblr-10943	391	78	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	391	79	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	391	80	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	391	81	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	391	82	statement	statement	NOUN
cblr-10943	391	83	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	391	84	was	be	AUX
cblr-10943	391	85	made	make	VERB
cblr-10943	391	86	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	391	87	get	get	VERB
cblr-10943	391	88	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	391	89	fraudulent	fraudulent	ADJ
cblr-10943	391	90	claim	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	391	91	turns	turn	VERB
cblr-10943	391	92	on	on	ADP
cblr-10943	391	93	what	what	PRON
cblr-10943	391	94	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	391	95	defendant	defendant	NOUN
cblr-10943	391	96	intended	intend	VERB
cblr-10943	391	97	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	391	98	that	that	DET
cblr-10943	391	99	intent	intent	NOUN
cblr-10943	391	100	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	391	101	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	392	1	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	393	1	must	must	AUX
cblr-10943	393	2	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	393	3	pleaded	plead	VERB
cblr-10943	393	4	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	393	5	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ
cblr-10943	393	6	particularity	particularity	NOUN
cblr-10943	393	7	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	393	8	satisfy	satisfy	VERB
cblr-10943	393	9	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	393	10	requirements	requirement	NOUN
cblr-10943	393	11	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	393	12	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	393	13	first	first	ADJ
cblr-10943	393	14	sentence	sentence	NOUN
cblr-10943	393	15	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	393	16	rule	rule	NOUN
cblr-10943	393	17	9(b	9(b	NUM
cblr-10943	393	18	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	393	19	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	393	20	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	393	21	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	393	22	rule	rule	VERB
cblr-10943	393	23	otherwise	otherwise	ADV
cblr-10943	393	24	would	would	AUX
cblr-10943	393	25	have	have	AUX
cblr-10943	393	26	allowed	allow	VERB
cblr-10943	393	27	relators	relator	NOUN
cblr-10943	393	28	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	393	29	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	393	30	survive	survive	VERB
cblr-10943	393	31	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	393	32	motion	motion	NOUN
cblr-10943	393	33	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	393	34	dismiss	dismiss	VERB
cblr-10943	393	35	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	393	36	claim	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	393	37	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	393	38	an	an	DET
cblr-10943	393	39	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	393	40	violation	violation	NOUN
cblr-10943	393	41	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	393	42	nothing	nothing	PRON
cblr-10943	393	43	more	more	ADJ
cblr-10943	393	44	than	than	ADP
cblr-10943	393	45	general	general	ADJ
cblr-10943	393	46	allegations	allegation	NOUN
cblr-10943	393	47	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	393	48	intent	intent	NOUN
cblr-10943	393	49	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	393	50	”115	”115	PUNCT
cblr-10943	394	1	there	there	PRON
cblr-10943	394	2	are	be	VERB
cblr-10943	394	3	considerable	considerable	ADJ
cblr-10943	394	4	advantages	advantage	NOUN
cblr-10943	394	5	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	394	6	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	394	7	approach	approach	NOUN
cblr-10943	394	8	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	395	1	creating	create	VERB
cblr-10943	395	2	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	395	3	uniform	uniform	ADJ
cblr-10943	395	4	extension	extension	NOUN
cblr-10943	395	5	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	395	6	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	395	7	particularity	particularity	NOUN
cblr-10943	395	8	requirement	requirement	NOUN
cblr-10943	395	9	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	395	10	rule	rule	NOUN
cblr-10943	395	11	9(b	9(b	NUM
cblr-10943	395	12	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	395	13	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	395	14	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	395	15	scienter	scienter	NOUN
cblr-10943	395	16	element	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	395	17	when	when	SCONJ
cblr-10943	395	18	expert	expert	ADJ
cblr-10943	395	19	discretion	discretion	NOUN
cblr-10943	395	20	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	395	21	involved	involve	VERB
cblr-10943	395	22	would	would	AUX
cblr-10943	395	23	allow	allow	VERB
cblr-10943	395	24	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	395	25	both	both	PRON
cblr-10943	395	26	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	395	27	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	395	28	aforementioned	aforementione	VERB
cblr-10943	395	29	problems	problem	NOUN
cblr-10943	395	30	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	395	31	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	395	32	solved	solve	VERB
cblr-10943	395	33	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	396	1	scienter	scienter	NOUN
cblr-10943	396	2	would	would	AUX
cblr-10943	396	3	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	396	4	preserved	preserve	VERB
cblr-10943	396	5	as	as	ADP
cblr-10943	396	6	an	an	DET
cblr-10943	396	7	independent	independent	ADJ
cblr-10943	396	8	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	396	9	element	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	396	10	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	396	11	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	396	12	frivolous	frivolous	ADJ
cblr-10943	396	13	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	396	14	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	396	15	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	396	16	rely	rely	VERB
cblr-10943	396	17	on	on	ADP
cblr-10943	396	18	contested	contest	VERB
cblr-10943	396	19	expert	expert	NOUN
cblr-10943	396	20	discretion	discretion	NOUN
cblr-10943	396	21	would	would	AUX
cblr-10943	396	22	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	396	23	filtered	filter	VERB
cblr-10943	396	24	out	out	ADP
cblr-10943	396	25	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	396	26	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	396	27	pleadings	pleading	NOUN
cblr-10943	396	28	stage	stage	NOUN
cblr-10943	396	29	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	397	1	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	397	2	regime	regime	NOUN
cblr-10943	397	3	would	would	AUX
cblr-10943	397	4	effectively	effectively	ADV
cblr-10943	397	5	create	create	VERB
cblr-10943	397	6	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	397	7	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	397	8	safe	safe	ADJ
cblr-10943	397	9	harbor	harbor	NOUN
cblr-10943	397	10	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	397	11	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	397	12	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	397	13	exercise	exercise	NOUN
cblr-10943	397	14	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	397	15	professional	professional	ADJ
cblr-10943	397	16	discretion	discretion	NOUN
cblr-10943	397	17	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	397	18	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	397	19	least	least	ADJ
cblr-10943	397	20	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	397	21	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	397	22	purposes	purpose	NOUN
cblr-10943	397	23	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	397	24	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	397	25	pleadings	pleading	NOUN
cblr-10943	397	26	stage	stage	NOUN
cblr-10943	397	27	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	397	28	there	there	PRON
cblr-10943	397	29	would	would	AUX
cblr-10943	397	30	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	397	31	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	397	32	strong	strong	ADJ
cblr-10943	397	33	inference	inference	NOUN
cblr-10943	397	34	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	397	35	favor	favor	NOUN
cblr-10943	397	36	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	397	37	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	397	38	validity	validity	NOUN
cblr-10943	397	39	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	397	40	expert	expert	ADJ
cblr-10943	397	41	opinion	opinion	NOUN
cblr-10943	397	42	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	397	43	must	must	AUX
cblr-10943	397	44	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	397	45	overcome	overcome	VERB
cblr-10943	397	46	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	397	47	order	order	NOUN
cblr-10943	397	48	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	397	49	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	397	50	plaintiff	plaintiff	NOUN
cblr-10943	397	51	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	397	52	claim	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	397	53	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	397	54	survive	survive	VERB
cblr-10943	397	55	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	397	56	motion	motion	NOUN
cblr-10943	397	57	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	397	58	dismiss	dismiss	VERB
cblr-10943	397	59	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	398	1	through	through	ADP
cblr-10943	398	2	application	application	NOUN
cblr-10943	398	3	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	398	4	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	398	5	solution	solution	NOUN
cblr-10943	398	6	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	398	7	legitimate	legitimate	ADJ
cblr-10943	398	8	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	398	9	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	398	10	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	398	11	involve	involve	VERB
cblr-10943	398	12	experts	expert	NOUN
cblr-10943	398	13	exercising	exercise	VERB
cblr-10943	398	14	their	their	PRON
cblr-10943	398	15	discretion	discretion	NOUN
cblr-10943	398	16	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	398	17	bad	bad	ADJ
cblr-10943	398	18	faith	faith	NOUN
cblr-10943	398	19	will	will	AUX
cblr-10943	398	20	still	still	ADV
cblr-10943	398	21	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	398	22	allowed	allow	VERB
cblr-10943	398	23	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	398	24	advance	advance	VERB
cblr-10943	398	25	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	398	26	while	while	SCONJ
cblr-10943	398	27	private	private	ADJ
cblr-10943	398	28	businesses	business	NOUN
cblr-10943	398	29	will	will	AUX
cblr-10943	398	30	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	398	31	114	114	NUM
cblr-10943	398	32	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	398	33	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	398	34	ex	ex	PROPN
cblr-10943	398	35	rel	rel	PROPN
cblr-10943	398	36	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	399	1	atkinson	atkinson	PROPN
cblr-10943	399	2	v.	v.	PROPN
cblr-10943	399	3	pennsylvania	pennsylvania	PROPN
cblr-10943	399	4	shipbuilding	shipbuilding	PROPN
cblr-10943	399	5	co.	co.	PROPN
cblr-10943	399	6	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	399	7	no	no	INTJ
cblr-10943	399	8	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	400	1	civ	civ	NOUN
cblr-10943	400	2	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	401	1	a.	a.	PROPN
cblr-10943	401	2	94	94	NUM
cblr-10943	401	3	-	-	SYM
cblr-10943	401	4	7316	7316	NUM
cblr-10943	401	5	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	401	6	2000	2000	NUM
cblr-10943	401	7	wl	wl	NOUN
cblr-10943	401	8	1207162	1207162	NUM
cblr-10943	401	9	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	401	10	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	401	11	*	*	NOUN
cblr-10943	401	12	1	1	NUM
cblr-10943	401	13	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	401	14	e.d	e.d	PROPN
cblr-10943	401	15	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	401	16	pa	pa	PROPN
cblr-10943	401	17	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	401	18	aug	aug	PROPN
cblr-10943	401	19	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	401	20	24	24	NUM
cblr-10943	401	21	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	401	22	2000	2000	NUM
cblr-10943	401	23	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	401	24	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	402	1	115	115	NUM
cblr-10943	403	1	i	i	PRON
cblr-10943	403	2	d.	d.	VERB
cblr-10943	403	3	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	403	4	*	*	NUM
cblr-10943	403	5	9	9	NUM
cblr-10943	403	6	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	403	7	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	403	8	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	403	9	requirement	requirement	NOUN
cblr-10943	403	10	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	403	11	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	403	12	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
cblr-10943	403	13	constituting	constitute	VERB
cblr-10943	403	14	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	403	15	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	403	16	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	403	17	pleaded	plead	VERB
cblr-10943	403	18	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	403	19	particularity	particularity	NOUN
cblr-10943	403	20	remains	remain	VERB
cblr-10943	403	21	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	403	22	effect	effect	NOUN
cblr-10943	403	23	even	even	ADV
cblr-10943	403	24	if	if	SCONJ
cblr-10943	403	25	one	one	NUM
cblr-10943	403	26	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	403	27	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	403	28	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
cblr-10943	403	29	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	403	30	must	must	AUX
cblr-10943	403	31	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	403	32	pleaded	plead	VERB
cblr-10943	403	33	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	403	34	particularity	particularity	NOUN
cblr-10943	403	35	—	—	PUNCT
cblr-10943	403	36	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
cblr-10943	403	37	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	403	38	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	403	39	—	—	PUNCT
cblr-10943	403	40	turns	turn	VERB
cblr-10943	403	41	on	on	ADP
cblr-10943	403	42	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	403	43	defendant	defendant	NOUN
cblr-10943	403	44	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	403	45	specific	specific	ADJ
cblr-10943	403	46	intent	intent	NOUN
cblr-10943	403	47	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	403	48	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	403	49	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	403	50	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	404	1	1022	1022	NUM
cblr-10943	404	2	columbia	columbia	PROPN
cblr-10943	404	3	business	business	NOUN
cblr-10943	404	4	law	law	PROPN
cblr-10943	404	5	review	review	NOUN
cblr-10943	404	6	[	[	X
cblr-10943	404	7	vol	vol	NOUN
cblr-10943	404	8	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	404	9	2022	2022	NUM
cblr-10943	404	10	have	have	VERB
cblr-10943	404	11	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	404	12	overextend	overextend	VERB
cblr-10943	404	13	themselves	themselves	PRON
cblr-10943	404	14	by	by	ADP
cblr-10943	404	15	litigating	litigate	VERB
cblr-10943	404	16	every	every	DET
cblr-10943	404	17	meritless	meritless	NOUN
cblr-10943	404	18	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	404	19	claim	claim	VERB
cblr-10943	404	20	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	404	21	concerns	concern	VERB
cblr-10943	404	22	expert	expert	NOUN
cblr-10943	404	23	discretion	discretion	NOUN
cblr-10943	404	24	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	405	1	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	405	2	effect	effect	NOUN
cblr-10943	405	3	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	405	4	both	both	DET
cblr-10943	405	5	goals	goal	NOUN
cblr-10943	405	6	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	405	7	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	405	8	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	405	9	would	would	AUX
cblr-10943	405	10	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	405	11	furthered	further	VERB
cblr-10943	405	12	through	through	ADP
cblr-10943	405	13	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	405	14	change	change	NOUN
cblr-10943	405	15	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	406	1	as	as	SCONJ
cblr-10943	406	2	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	406	3	change	change	NOUN
cblr-10943	406	4	would	would	AUX
cblr-10943	406	5	essentially	essentially	ADV
cblr-10943	406	6	require	require	VERB
cblr-10943	406	7	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	406	8	change	change	NOUN
cblr-10943	406	9	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	406	10	rule	rule	VERB
cblr-10943	406	11	9(b	9(b	NUM
cblr-10943	406	12	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	406	13	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	406	14	legislative	legislative	ADJ
cblr-10943	406	15	action	action	NOUN
cblr-10943	406	16	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	406	17	likely	likely	ADV
cblr-10943	406	18	necessary	necessary	ADJ
cblr-10943	406	19	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	406	20	carry	carry	VERB
cblr-10943	406	21	out	out	ADP
cblr-10943	406	22	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	406	23	implementation	implementation	NOUN
cblr-10943	406	24	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	406	25	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	406	26	regime	regime	NOUN
cblr-10943	406	27	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	407	1	along	along	ADP
cblr-10943	407	2	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	407	3	pennsylvania	pennsylvania	PROPN
cblr-10943	407	4	shipping	shipping	PROPN
cblr-10943	407	5	co.	co.	PROPN
cblr-10943	407	6	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	407	7	there	there	PRON
cblr-10943	407	8	is	be	VERB
cblr-10943	407	9	strong	strong	ADJ
cblr-10943	407	10	precedent	precedent	NOUN
cblr-10943	407	11	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	407	12	such	such	DET
cblr-10943	407	13	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	407	14	legislative	legislative	ADJ
cblr-10943	407	15	action	action	NOUN
cblr-10943	407	16	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	408	1	raising	raise	VERB
cblr-10943	408	2	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	408	3	evidentiary	evidentiary	ADJ
cblr-10943	408	4	bar	bar	NOUN
cblr-10943	408	5	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	408	6	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	408	7	line	line	NOUN
cblr-10943	408	8	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	408	9	congress	congress	PROPN
cblr-10943	408	10	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	408	11	intent	intent	NOUN
cblr-10943	408	12	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	408	13	passing	pass	VERB
cblr-10943	408	14	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	408	15	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	408	16	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	408	17	current	current	ADJ
cblr-10943	408	18	caselaw	caselaw	NOUN
cblr-10943	408	19	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	409	1	as	as	SCONJ
cblr-10943	409	2	previously	previously	ADV
cblr-10943	409	3	mentioned	mention	VERB
cblr-10943	409	4	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	409	5	congress	congress	PROPN
cblr-10943	409	6	passed	pass	VERB
cblr-10943	409	7	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	409	8	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	409	9	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	409	10	stop	stop	VERB
cblr-10943	409	11	blatant	blatant	ADJ
cblr-10943	409	12	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	409	13	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	409	14	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	409	15	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	409	16	punish	punish	VERB
cblr-10943	409	17	honest	honest	ADJ
cblr-10943	409	18	mistakes	mistake	NOUN
cblr-10943	409	19	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	409	20	reasonable	reasonable	ADJ
cblr-10943	409	21	interpretations	interpretation	NOUN
cblr-10943	409	22	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	409	23	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	409	24	expressions	expression	NOUN
cblr-10943	409	25	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	409	26	opinion.116	opinion.116	NOUN
cblr-10943	409	27	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	409	28	change	change	NOUN
cblr-10943	409	29	would	would	AUX
cblr-10943	409	30	allow	allow	VERB
cblr-10943	409	31	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	409	32	greater	great	ADJ
cblr-10943	409	33	differentiation	differentiation	NOUN
cblr-10943	409	34	between	between	ADP
cblr-10943	409	35	substantive	substantive	ADJ
cblr-10943	409	36	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	409	37	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	409	38	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	409	39	are	be	AUX
cblr-10943	409	40	worth	worth	ADJ
cblr-10943	409	41	pursuing	pursue	VERB
cblr-10943	409	42	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	409	43	frivolous	frivolous	ADJ
cblr-10943	409	44	qui	qui	X
cblr-10943	409	45	tam	tam	PROPN
cblr-10943	409	46	actions	action	NOUN
cblr-10943	409	47	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	409	48	should	should	AUX
cblr-10943	409	49	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	409	50	disincentivized	disincentivize	VERB
cblr-10943	409	51	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	410	1	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	410	2	addition	addition	NOUN
cblr-10943	410	3	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	410	4	raising	raise	VERB
cblr-10943	410	5	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	410	6	rule	rule	NOUN
cblr-10943	410	7	9(b	9(b	NUM
cblr-10943	410	8	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	410	9	bar	bar	NOUN
cblr-10943	410	10	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	410	11	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	410	12	line	line	NOUN
cblr-10943	410	13	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	410	14	decisions	decision	NOUN
cblr-10943	410	15	from	from	ADP
cblr-10943	410	16	several	several	ADJ
cblr-10943	410	17	jurisdictions	jurisdiction	NOUN
cblr-10943	410	18	regarding	regard	VERB
cblr-10943	410	19	pleading	plead	VERB
cblr-10943	410	20	scienter	scienter	NOUN
cblr-10943	410	21	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	410	22	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	410	23	cases	case	NOUN
cblr-10943	410	24	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	411	1	while	while	SCONJ
cblr-10943	411	2	there	there	PRON
cblr-10943	411	3	are	be	VERB
cblr-10943	411	4	numerous	numerous	ADJ
cblr-10943	411	5	decisions	decision	NOUN
cblr-10943	411	6	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	411	7	which	which	PRON
cblr-10943	411	8	courts	court	NOUN
cblr-10943	411	9	have	have	AUX
cblr-10943	411	10	allowed	allow	VERB
cblr-10943	411	11	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	411	12	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	411	13	very	very	ADV
cblr-10943	411	14	general	general	ADJ
cblr-10943	411	15	pleading	plead	VERB
cblr-10943	411	16	standard	standard	NOUN
cblr-10943	411	17	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	411	18	line	line	NOUN
cblr-10943	411	19	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	411	20	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	411	21	statutory	statutory	ADJ
cblr-10943	411	22	language	language	NOUN
cblr-10943	411	23	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	411	24	rule	rule	NOUN
cblr-10943	411	25	9(b),117	9(b),117	NUM
cblr-10943	411	26	other	other	ADJ
cblr-10943	411	27	courts	court	NOUN
cblr-10943	411	28	have	have	AUX
cblr-10943	411	29	recognized	recognize	VERB
cblr-10943	411	30	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	411	31	practical	practical	ADJ
cblr-10943	411	32	necessity	necessity	NOUN
cblr-10943	411	33	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	411	34	raising	raise	VERB
cblr-10943	411	35	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	411	36	evidentiary	evidentiary	ADJ
cblr-10943	411	37	standard	standard	NOUN
cblr-10943	411	38	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	411	39	scienter	scienter	NOUN
cblr-10943	411	40	on	on	ADP
cblr-10943	411	41	their	their	PRON
cblr-10943	411	42	own	own	ADJ
cblr-10943	411	43	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	411	44	avoid	avoid	VERB
cblr-10943	411	45	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	411	46	aforementioned	aforementione	VERB
cblr-10943	411	47	frivolous	frivolous	ADJ
cblr-10943	411	48	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	411	49	claim	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	411	50	problem.118	problem.118	VERB
cblr-10943	411	51	116	116	NUM
cblr-10943	411	52	see	see	VERB
cblr-10943	411	53	harrison	harrison	PROPN
cblr-10943	411	54	v.	v.	ADP
cblr-10943	411	55	westinghouse	westinghouse	PROPN
cblr-10943	411	56	savannah	savannah	PROPN
cblr-10943	411	57	river	river	PROPN
cblr-10943	411	58	co.	co.	PROPN
cblr-10943	411	59	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	411	60	176	176	NUM
cblr-10943	411	61	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cblr-10943	411	62	776	776	NUM
cblr-10943	411	63	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	411	64	792	792	NUM
cblr-10943	411	65	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	411	66	4th	4th	ADJ
cblr-10943	411	67	cir	cir	NOUN
cblr-10943	411	68	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	411	69	1999	1999	NUM
cblr-10943	411	70	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	411	71	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	411	72	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	411	73	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	411	74	ex	ex	PROPN
cblr-10943	411	75	rel	rel	PROPN
cblr-10943	411	76	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	412	1	sheldon	sheldon	PROPN
cblr-10943	412	2	v.	v.	PROPN
cblr-10943	412	3	forest	forest	PROPN
cblr-10943	412	4	lab’ys	lab’ys	PROPN
cblr-10943	412	5	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	412	6	llc	llc	PROPN
cblr-10943	412	7	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	412	8	499	499	NUM
cblr-10943	412	9	f.	f.	PROPN
cblr-10943	412	10	supp	supp	PROPN
cblr-10943	412	11	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	413	1	3d	3d	NOUN
cblr-10943	413	2	184	184	NUM
cblr-10943	413	3	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	413	4	187	187	NUM
cblr-10943	413	5	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	413	6	d.	d.	PROPN
cblr-10943	413	7	md	md	PROPN
cblr-10943	413	8	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	413	9	2020	2020	NUM
cblr-10943	413	10	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	413	11	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	413	12	pack	pack	PROPN
cblr-10943	413	13	v.	v.	PROPN
cblr-10943	413	14	hickey	hickey	PROPN
cblr-10943	413	15	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	413	16	776	776	PROPN
cblr-10943	413	17	f.	f.	PROPN
cblr-10943	413	18	app’x	app’x	PROPN
cblr-10943	413	19	549	549	NUM
cblr-10943	413	20	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	413	21	557	557	NUM
cblr-10943	413	22	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	413	23	10th	10th	ADJ
cblr-10943	413	24	cir	cir	NOUN
cblr-10943	413	25	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	413	26	2019	2019	NUM
cblr-10943	413	27	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	413	28	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	413	29	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	413	30	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	413	31	ex	ex	PROPN
cblr-10943	413	32	rel	rel	PROPN
cblr-10943	413	33	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	414	1	complin	complin	PROPN
cblr-10943	414	2	v.	v.	PROPN
cblr-10943	414	3	n.	n.	PROPN
cblr-10943	414	4	carolina	carolina	PROPN
cblr-10943	414	5	baptist	baptist	PROPN
cblr-10943	414	6	hosp	hosp	PROPN
cblr-10943	414	7	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	415	1	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	415	2	818	818	NUM
cblr-10943	415	3	f.	f.	PROPN
cblr-10943	415	4	app’x	app’x	PROPN
cblr-10943	415	5	179	179	NUM
cblr-10943	415	6	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	415	7	184	184	NUM
cblr-10943	415	8	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	415	9	4th	4th	ADJ
cblr-10943	415	10	cir	cir	NOUN
cblr-10943	415	11	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	415	12	2020	2020	NUM
cblr-10943	415	13	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	415	14	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	415	15	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	415	16	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	415	17	ex	ex	PROPN
cblr-10943	415	18	rel	rel	PROPN
cblr-10943	415	19	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	416	1	lamers	lamer	NOUN
cblr-10943	416	2	v.	v.	ADP
cblr-10943	416	3	city	city	PROPN
cblr-10943	416	4	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	416	5	green	green	PROPN
cblr-10943	416	6	bay	bay	PROPN
cblr-10943	416	7	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	416	8	168	168	NUM
cblr-10943	416	9	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cblr-10943	416	10	1013	1013	NUM
cblr-10943	416	11	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	416	12	1018	1018	NUM
cblr-10943	416	13	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	416	14	7th	7th	ADJ
cblr-10943	416	15	cir	cir	NOUN
cblr-10943	416	16	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	416	17	1999	1999	NUM
cblr-10943	416	18	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	416	19	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	416	20	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	416	21	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	416	22	ex	ex	PROPN
cblr-10943	416	23	rel	rel	PROPN
cblr-10943	416	24	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	417	1	hefner	hefner	PROPN
cblr-10943	417	2	v.	v.	PROPN
cblr-10943	417	3	hackensack	hackensack	PROPN
cblr-10943	417	4	univ	univ	PROPN
cblr-10943	417	5	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	418	1	med	med	PROPN
cblr-10943	418	2	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	418	3	ctr	ctr	PROPN
cblr-10943	418	4	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	418	5	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	418	6	495	495	NUM
cblr-10943	418	7	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cblr-10943	418	8	103	103	NUM
cblr-10943	418	9	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	418	10	109	109	NUM
cblr-10943	418	11	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	418	12	3d	3d	NUM
cblr-10943	418	13	cir	cir	NOUN
cblr-10943	418	14	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	418	15	2007	2007	NUM
cblr-10943	418	16	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	418	17	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	419	1	117	117	NUM
cblr-10943	419	2	see	see	VERB
cblr-10943	419	3	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	419	4	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	419	5	v.	v.	PROPN
cblr-10943	419	6	assocs	assocs	PROPN
cblr-10943	419	7	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	420	1	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	420	2	eye	eye	NOUN
cblr-10943	420	3	care	care	NOUN
cblr-10943	420	4	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	420	5	p.s.c	p.s.c	ADV
cblr-10943	420	6	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	420	7	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	420	8	no	no	INTJ
cblr-10943	420	9	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	420	10	civ	civ	NOUN
cblr-10943	420	11	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	420	12	13	13	NUM
cblr-10943	420	13	-	-	SYM
cblr-10943	420	14	27gfvt	27gfvt	NUM
cblr-10943	420	15	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	420	16	2014	2014	NUM
cblr-10943	420	17	wl	wl	SYM
cblr-10943	420	18	414231	414231	NUM
cblr-10943	420	19	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	420	20	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	420	21	6	6	NUM
cblr-10943	420	22	*	*	SYM
cblr-10943	420	23	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	420	24	e.d	e.d	PROPN
cblr-10943	420	25	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	420	26	ky	ky	PROPN
cblr-10943	420	27	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	420	28	feb	feb	PROPN
cblr-10943	420	29	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	420	30	4	4	NUM
cblr-10943	420	31	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	420	32	2014	2014	NUM
cblr-10943	420	33	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	420	34	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	421	1	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	421	2	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	421	3	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	421	4	regard	regard	NOUN
cblr-10943	421	5	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	421	6	intent	intent	NOUN
cblr-10943	421	7	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	421	8	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	421	9	defendants	defendant	NOUN
cblr-10943	421	10	’	’	PART
cblr-10943	421	11	state	state	NOUN
cblr-10943	421	12	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	421	13	mind	mind	NOUN
cblr-10943	421	14	may	may	AUX
cblr-10943	421	15	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	421	16	pled	plead	VERB
cblr-10943	421	17	generally	generally	ADV
cblr-10943	421	18	rather	rather	ADV
cblr-10943	421	19	than	than	ADP
cblr-10943	421	20	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	421	21	particularity	particularity	NOUN
cblr-10943	421	22	under	under	ADP
cblr-10943	421	23	rule	rule	NOUN
cblr-10943	421	24	9(b	9(b	NUM
cblr-10943	421	25	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	421	26	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	421	27	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	421	28	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	421	29	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	421	30	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	421	31	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	421	32	ex	ex	PROPN
cblr-10943	421	33	rel	rel	PROPN
cblr-10943	421	34	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	422	1	notorfransesco	notorfransesco	PROPN
cblr-10943	423	1	v.	v.	ADP
cblr-10943	423	2	surgical	surgical	ADJ
cblr-10943	423	3	monitoring	monitoring	NOUN
cblr-10943	423	4	assoc	assoc	NOUN
cblr-10943	423	5	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	423	6	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	423	7	no	no	INTJ
cblr-10943	423	8	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	424	1	civ.a	civ.a	PROPN
cblr-10943	424	2	.	.	NOUN
cblr-10943	424	3	09	09	NUM
cblr-10943	424	4	-	-	SYM
cblr-10943	424	5	1703	1703	NUM
cblr-10943	424	6	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	424	7	2014	2014	NUM
cblr-10943	424	8	wl	wl	NOUN
cblr-10943	424	9	4375654	4375654	NUM
cblr-10943	424	10	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	424	11	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	424	12	*	*	PROPN
cblr-10943	424	13	14	14	NUM
cblr-10943	424	14	–	–	SYM
cblr-10943	424	15	15	15	NUM
cblr-10943	424	16	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	424	17	e.d	e.d	PROPN
cblr-10943	424	18	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	424	19	pa	pa	PROPN
cblr-10943	424	20	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	424	21	sept	sept	PROPN
cblr-10943	424	22	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	424	23	3	3	NUM
cblr-10943	424	24	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	424	25	2014	2014	NUM
cblr-10943	424	26	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	424	27	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	425	1	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	425	2	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	425	3	rule	rule	VERB
cblr-10943	425	4	9(b	9(b	NUM
cblr-10943	425	5	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	425	6	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	425	7	however	however	ADV
cblr-10943	425	8	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	425	9	explicitly	explicitly	ADV
cblr-10943	425	10	allows	allow	VERB
cblr-10943	425	11	general	general	ADJ
cblr-10943	425	12	allegations	allegation	NOUN
cblr-10943	425	13	as	as	ADP
cblr-10943	425	14	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	425	15	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	425	16	person	person	NOUN
cblr-10943	425	17	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	425	18	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cblr-10943	425	19	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	425	20	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	425	21	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	425	22	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	425	23	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	425	24	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	425	25	ex	ex	PROPN
cblr-10943	425	26	rel	rel	PROPN
cblr-10943	425	27	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	426	1	mclain	mclain	PROPN
cblr-10943	426	2	v.	v.	ADP
cblr-10943	426	3	fluor	fluor	NOUN
cblr-10943	426	4	enterprises	enterprise	NOUN
cblr-10943	426	5	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	426	6	inc	inc	PROPN
cblr-10943	426	7	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	426	8	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	426	9	no	no	INTJ
cblr-10943	426	10	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	427	1	civ.a	civ.a	PROPN
cblr-10943	427	2	.	.	NOUN
cblr-10943	427	3	06	06	NUM
cblr-10943	427	4	-	-	SYM
cblr-10943	427	5	11229	11229	NUM
cblr-10943	427	6	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	427	7	2013	2013	NUM
cblr-10943	427	8	wl	wl	NOUN
cblr-10943	427	9	4721365	4721365	NUM
cblr-10943	427	10	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	427	11	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	427	12	*	*	NOUN
cblr-10943	427	13	3	3	NUM
cblr-10943	427	14	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	427	15	e.d	e.d	PROPN
cblr-10943	427	16	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	427	17	la	la	PROPN
cblr-10943	427	18	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	427	19	sept	sept	PROPN
cblr-10943	427	20	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	427	21	3	3	NUM
cblr-10943	427	22	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	427	23	2013	2013	NUM
cblr-10943	427	24	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	427	25	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	428	1	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	428	2	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	428	3	when	when	SCONJ
cblr-10943	428	4	pleading	plead	VERB
cblr-10943	428	5	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	428	6	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	428	7	‘	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	428	8	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN
cblr-10943	428	9	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	428	10	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	428	11	other	other	ADJ
cblr-10943	428	12	conditions	condition	NOUN
cblr-10943	428	13	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	428	14	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	428	15	person	person	NOUN
cblr-10943	428	16	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	428	17	mind	mind	NOUN
cblr-10943	428	18	maybe	maybe	ADV
cblr-10943	428	19	alleged	allege	VERB
cblr-10943	428	20	generally	generally	ADV
cblr-10943	428	21	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	428	22	’	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	428	23	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	428	24	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	428	25	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	429	1	118	118	NUM
cblr-10943	429	2	see	see	VERB
cblr-10943	429	3	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	429	4	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	429	5	v.	v.	PROPN
cblr-10943	429	6	comstor	comstor	PROPN
cblr-10943	429	7	corp	corp	PROPN
cblr-10943	429	8	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	429	9	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	429	10	308	308	NUM
cblr-10943	429	11	f.	f.	PROPN
cblr-10943	429	12	supp	supp	PROPN
cblr-10943	429	13	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	430	1	3d	3d	PROPN
cblr-10943	430	2	56	56	NUM
cblr-10943	430	3	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	430	4	89	89	NUM
cblr-10943	430	5	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	430	6	d.d.c	d.d.c	PROPN
cblr-10943	430	7	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	430	8	2018	2018	NUM
cblr-10943	430	9	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	430	10	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	430	11	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	430	12	as	as	SCONJ
cblr-10943	430	13	noted	note	VERB
cblr-10943	430	14	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	430	15	scienter	scienter	NOUN
cblr-10943	430	16	may	may	AUX
cblr-10943	430	17	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	430	18	‘	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	430	19	averred	aver	VERB
cblr-10943	430	20	generally	generally	ADV
cblr-10943	430	21	’	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	430	22	but	but	CCONJ
cblr-10943	430	23	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	430	24	does	do	AUX
cblr-10943	430	25	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	430	26	no	no	ADV
cblr-10943	430	27	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	431	1	2:993	2:993	NUM
cblr-10943	431	2	]	]	PUNCT
cblr-10943	431	3	reconsidering	reconsider	VERB
cblr-10943	431	4	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	431	5	role	role	NOUN
cblr-10943	431	6	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	431	7	expert	expert	ADJ
cblr-10943	431	8	discretion	discretion	NOUN
cblr-10943	431	9	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	431	10	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	431	11	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	431	12	1023	1023	NUM
cblr-10943	431	13	ultimately	ultimately	ADV
cblr-10943	431	14	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	431	15	there	there	PRON
cblr-10943	431	16	is	be	VERB
cblr-10943	431	17	strong	strong	ADJ
cblr-10943	431	18	existing	exist	VERB
cblr-10943	431	19	support	support	NOUN
cblr-10943	431	20	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	431	21	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	431	22	potential	potential	ADJ
cblr-10943	431	23	solution	solution	NOUN
cblr-10943	431	24	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	431	25	even	even	ADV
cblr-10943	431	26	if	if	SCONJ
cblr-10943	431	27	it	it	PRON
cblr-10943	431	28	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	431	29	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	431	30	currently	currently	ADV
cblr-10943	431	31	uniformly	uniformly	ADV
cblr-10943	431	32	present	present	ADJ
cblr-10943	431	33	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	431	34	judicial	judicial	ADJ
cblr-10943	431	35	precedent	precedent	NOUN
cblr-10943	431	36	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	432	1	there	there	PRON
cblr-10943	432	2	are	be	VERB
cblr-10943	432	3	still	still	ADV
cblr-10943	432	4	concerns	concern	NOUN
cblr-10943	432	5	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	432	6	drawbacks	drawback	NOUN
cblr-10943	432	7	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	432	8	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	432	9	solution	solution	NOUN
cblr-10943	432	10	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	433	1	first	first	ADV
cblr-10943	433	2	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	433	3	there	there	PRON
cblr-10943	433	4	may	may	AUX
cblr-10943	433	5	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	433	6	concerns	concern	NOUN
cblr-10943	433	7	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	433	8	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	433	9	regime	regime	NOUN
cblr-10943	433	10	would	would	AUX
cblr-10943	433	11	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	433	12	allow	allow	VERB
cblr-10943	433	13	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	433	14	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ
cblr-10943	433	15	protection	protection	NOUN
cblr-10943	433	16	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	433	17	expert	expert	ADJ
cblr-10943	433	18	judgment	judgment	NOUN
cblr-10943	433	19	past	past	ADP
cblr-10943	433	20	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	433	21	pleadings	pleading	NOUN
cblr-10943	433	22	stage	stage	NOUN
cblr-10943	433	23	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	433	24	there	there	PRON
cblr-10943	433	25	still	still	ADV
cblr-10943	433	26	remains	remain	VERB
cblr-10943	433	27	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	433	28	eleventh	eleventh	ADJ
cblr-10943	433	29	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	433	30	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	433	31	concern	concern	NOUN
cblr-10943	433	32	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	433	33	aseracare	aseracare	ADV
cblr-10943	433	34	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	433	35	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	433	36	laymen	layman	NOUN
cblr-10943	433	37	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	433	38	should	should	AUX
cblr-10943	433	39	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	433	40	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	433	41	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	433	42	deciding	decide	VERB
cblr-10943	433	43	force	force	NOUN
cblr-10943	433	44	between	between	ADP
cblr-10943	433	45	two	two	NUM
cblr-10943	433	46	conflicting	conflict	VERB
cblr-10943	433	47	expert	expert	NOUN
cblr-10943	433	48	testimonies.119	testimonies.119	PROPN
cblr-10943	433	49	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	433	50	need	need	VERB
cblr-10943	433	51	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	433	52	protect	protect	VERB
cblr-10943	433	53	professionals	professional	NOUN
cblr-10943	433	54	’	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	433	55	ability	ability	NOUN
cblr-10943	433	56	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	433	57	safely	safely	ADV
cblr-10943	433	58	render	render	VERB
cblr-10943	433	59	honest	honest	ADJ
cblr-10943	433	60	judgments	judgment	NOUN
cblr-10943	433	61	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	433	62	particularly	particularly	ADV
cblr-10943	433	63	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	433	64	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	433	65	medical	medical	ADJ
cblr-10943	433	66	context	context	NOUN
cblr-10943	433	67	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	433	68	could	could	AUX
cblr-10943	433	69	potentially	potentially	ADV
cblr-10943	433	70	warrant	warrant	VERB
cblr-10943	433	71	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	433	72	thorough	thorough	ADJ
cblr-10943	433	73	belt	belt	NOUN
cblr-10943	433	74	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	433	75	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	433	76	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	433	77	suspenders	suspender	NOUN
cblr-10943	433	78	approach	approach	NOUN
cblr-10943	433	79	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	433	80	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	433	81	bright	bright	ADJ
cblr-10943	433	82	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	433	83	line	line	NOUN
cblr-10943	433	84	rule	rule	NOUN
cblr-10943	433	85	protecting	protect	VERB
cblr-10943	433	86	expert	expert	ADJ
cblr-10943	433	87	discretion	discretion	NOUN
cblr-10943	433	88	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	433	89	fully	fully	ADV
cblr-10943	433	90	alleviate	alleviate	VERB
cblr-10943	433	91	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	433	92	fear	fear	NOUN
cblr-10943	433	93	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	433	94	wasteful	wasteful	ADJ
cblr-10943	433	95	litigation	litigation	NOUN
cblr-10943	433	96	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	434	1	assuming	assume	VERB
cblr-10943	434	2	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	434	3	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	434	4	proven	prove	VERB
cblr-10943	434	5	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	434	6	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	434	7	case	case	NOUN
cblr-10943	434	8	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	434	9	expert	expert	ADJ
cblr-10943	434	10	testimony	testimony	NOUN
cblr-10943	434	11	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	434	12	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	434	13	need	need	NOUN
cblr-10943	434	14	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	434	15	made	make	VERB
cblr-10943	434	16	more	more	ADV
cblr-10943	434	17	apparent	apparent	ADJ
cblr-10943	434	18	by	by	ADP
cblr-10943	434	19	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	434	20	consideration	consideration	NOUN
cblr-10943	434	21	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	434	22	juries	jury	NOUN
cblr-10943	434	23	would	would	AUX
cblr-10943	434	24	then	then	ADV
cblr-10943	434	25	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	434	26	tasked	task	VERB
cblr-10943	434	27	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	434	28	determining	determine	VERB
cblr-10943	434	29	if	if	SCONJ
cblr-10943	434	30	there	there	PRON
cblr-10943	434	31	was	be	VERB
cblr-10943	434	32	requisite	requisite	ADJ
cblr-10943	434	33	scienter	scienter	NOUN
cblr-10943	434	34	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	434	35	an	an	DET
cblr-10943	434	36	endeavor	endeavor	NOUN
cblr-10943	434	37	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	434	38	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	434	39	far	far	ADV
cblr-10943	434	40	more	more	ADV
cblr-10943	434	41	open	open	ADJ
cblr-10943	434	42	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	434	43	subjective	subjective	ADJ
cblr-10943	434	44	interpretation	interpretation	NOUN
cblr-10943	434	45	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	435	1	it	it	PRON
cblr-10943	435	2	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	435	3	also	also	ADV
cblr-10943	435	4	important	important	ADJ
cblr-10943	435	5	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	435	6	note	note	VERB
cblr-10943	435	7	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	435	8	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	435	9	given	give	VERB
cblr-10943	435	10	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	435	11	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	435	12	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	435	13	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	435	14	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	435	15	civil	civil	ADJ
cblr-10943	435	16	action	action	NOUN
cblr-10943	435	17	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	435	18	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	435	19	propensity	propensity	NOUN
cblr-10943	435	20	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	435	21	evidence	evidence	NOUN
cblr-10943	435	22	standard	standard	NOUN
cblr-10943	435	23	would	would	AUX
cblr-10943	435	24	apply	apply	VERB
cblr-10943	435	25	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	435	26	thus	thus	ADV
cblr-10943	435	27	lowering	lower	VERB
cblr-10943	435	28	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	435	29	bar	bar	NOUN
cblr-10943	435	30	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	435	31	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	435	32	jury	jury	NOUN
cblr-10943	435	33	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	435	34	find	find	VERB
cblr-10943	435	35	scienter	scienter	NOUN
cblr-10943	435	36	relative	relative	ADJ
cblr-10943	435	37	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	435	38	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	435	39	effectively	effectively	ADV
cblr-10943	435	40	punitive	punitive	ADJ
cblr-10943	435	41	nature	nature	NOUN
cblr-10943	435	42	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	435	43	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	435	44	fca.120	fca.120	NOUN
cblr-10943	435	45	all	all	PRON
cblr-10943	435	46	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	435	47	these	these	DET
cblr-10943	435	48	factors	factor	NOUN
cblr-10943	435	49	lead	lead	VERB
cblr-10943	435	50	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	435	51	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	435	52	strong	strong	ADJ
cblr-10943	435	53	argument	argument	NOUN
cblr-10943	435	54	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	435	55	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	435	56	adoption	adoption	NOUN
cblr-10943	435	57	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	435	58	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	435	59	general	general	ADJ
cblr-10943	435	60	brightline	brightline	NOUN
cblr-10943	435	61	rule	rule	NOUN
cblr-10943	435	62	protecting	protect	VERB
cblr-10943	435	63	exercises	exercise	NOUN
cblr-10943	435	64	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	435	65	expert	expert	ADJ
cblr-10943	435	66	discretion	discretion	NOUN
cblr-10943	435	67	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	436	1	obviate	obviate	ADJ
cblr-10943	436	2	pleading	plead	VERB
cblr-10943	436	3	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	436	4	underlying	underlie	VERB
cblr-10943	436	5	facts	fact	NOUN
cblr-10943	436	6	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	436	7	particularity	particularity	NOUN
cblr-10943	436	8	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	436	9	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	436	10	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	436	11	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	436	12	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	436	13	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	436	14	v.	v.	PROPN
cblr-10943	436	15	americus	americus	PROPN
cblr-10943	436	16	mortg	mortg	PROPN
cblr-10943	436	17	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	437	1	corp	corp	PROPN
cblr-10943	437	2	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	437	3	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	437	4	no	no	INTJ
cblr-10943	437	5	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	438	1	4:12	4:12	NUM
cblr-10943	438	2	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	438	3	cv-02676	cv-02676	NOUN
cblr-10943	438	4	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	438	5	2013	2013	NUM
cblr-10943	438	6	wl	wl	NOUN
cblr-10943	438	7	4	4	NUM
cblr-10943	438	8	829271	829271	NUM
cblr-10943	438	9	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	438	10	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	438	11	*	*	NOUN
cblr-10943	438	12	8	8	NUM
cblr-10943	438	13	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	438	14	s.d	s.d	PROPN
cblr-10943	438	15	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	439	1	tex	tex	PROPN
cblr-10943	439	2	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	439	3	sept	sept	PROPN
cblr-10943	439	4	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	439	5	10	10	NUM
cblr-10943	439	6	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	439	7	2013	2013	NUM
cblr-10943	439	8	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	439	9	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	439	10	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	439	11	even	even	ADV
cblr-10943	439	12	though	though	SCONJ
cblr-10943	439	13	scienter	scienter	NOUN
cblr-10943	439	14	may	may	AUX
cblr-10943	439	15	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	439	16	plead	plead	VERB
cblr-10943	439	17	generally	generally	ADV
cblr-10943	439	18	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	439	19	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	439	20	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	439	21	must	must	AUX
cblr-10943	439	22	still	still	ADV
cblr-10943	439	23	allege	allege	VERB
cblr-10943	439	24	facts	fact	NOUN
cblr-10943	439	25	supporting	support	VERB
cblr-10943	439	26	an	an	DET
cblr-10943	439	27	‘	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	439	28	inference	inference	NOUN
cblr-10943	439	29	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	439	30	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	439	31	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	439	32	’	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	439	33	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	439	34	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	439	35	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	439	36	internal	internal	ADJ
cblr-10943	439	37	citation	citation	NOUN
cblr-10943	439	38	omitted	omit	VERB
cblr-10943	439	39	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	439	40	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	439	41	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	439	42	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	439	43	ex	ex	PROPN
cblr-10943	439	44	rel	rel	PROPN
cblr-10943	439	45	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	440	1	kirk	kirk	PROPN
cblr-10943	440	2	v.	v.	PROPN
cblr-10943	440	3	schindler	schindler	PROPN
cblr-10943	440	4	elevator	elevator	PROPN
cblr-10943	440	5	corp	corp	PROPN
cblr-10943	440	6	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	440	7	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	440	8	926	926	NUM
cblr-10943	440	9	f.	f.	PROPN
cblr-10943	440	10	supp	supp	PROPN
cblr-10943	440	11	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	441	1	2d	2d	PROPN
cblr-10943	441	2	510	510	NUM
cblr-10943	441	3	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	441	4	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	441	5	522	522	NUM
cblr-10943	441	6	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	441	7	s.d.n.y	s.d.n.y	PROPN
cblr-10943	441	8	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	441	9	2013	2013	NUM
cblr-10943	441	10	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	441	11	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	441	12	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	441	13	rule	rule	VERB
cblr-10943	441	14	9(b	9(b	NUM
cblr-10943	441	15	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	441	16	requires	require	VERB
cblr-10943	441	17	allegations	allegation	NOUN
cblr-10943	441	18	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	441	19	‘	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	441	20	facts	fact	NOUN
cblr-10943	441	21	giving	give	VERB
cblr-10943	441	22	rise	rise	NOUN
cblr-10943	441	23	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	441	24	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	441	25	strong	strong	ADJ
cblr-10943	441	26	inference	inference	NOUN
cblr-10943	441	27	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	441	28	fraudulent	fraudulent	ADJ
cblr-10943	441	29	intent	intent	NOUN
cblr-10943	441	30	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	441	31	’	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	441	32	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	441	33	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	441	34	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	441	35	internal	internal	ADJ
cblr-10943	441	36	citation	citation	NOUN
cblr-10943	441	37	omitted	omit	VERB
cblr-10943	441	38	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	441	39	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	442	1	119	119	NUM
cblr-10943	442	2	united	united	PROPN
cblr-10943	442	3	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	442	4	v.	v.	ADP
cblr-10943	442	5	aseracare	aseracare	PROPN
cblr-10943	442	6	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	442	7	inc	inc	PROPN
cblr-10943	442	8	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	442	9	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	442	10	938	938	NUM
cblr-10943	442	11	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cblr-10943	442	12	1278	1278	NUM
cblr-10943	442	13	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	442	14	1295	1295	NUM
cblr-10943	442	15	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	442	16	11th	11th	ADJ
cblr-10943	442	17	cir	cir	NOUN
cblr-10943	442	18	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	442	19	2019	2019	NUM
cblr-10943	442	20	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	442	21	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	443	1	120	120	NUM
cblr-10943	443	2	see	see	VERB
cblr-10943	443	3	31	31	NUM
cblr-10943	443	4	u.s.c	u.s.c	ADJ
cblr-10943	443	5	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	444	1	3730(b	3730(b	NUM
cblr-10943	444	2	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	445	1	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	445	2	john	john	PROPN
cblr-10943	445	3	terrence	terrence	PROPN
cblr-10943	445	4	a.	a.	PROPN
cblr-10943	445	5	rosenthal	rosenthal	PROPN
cblr-10943	445	6	&	&	CCONJ
cblr-10943	445	7	robert	robert	PROPN
cblr-10943	445	8	t.	t.	PROPN
cblr-10943	445	9	alter	alter	PROPN
cblr-10943	445	10	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	445	11	clear	clear	ADJ
cblr-10943	445	12	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	445	13	convincing	convincing	ADJ
cblr-10943	445	14	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	445	15	whom	whom	PRON
cblr-10943	445	16	?	?	PUNCT
cblr-10943	446	1	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	446	2	false	false	ADJ
cblr-10943	446	3	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	446	4	act	act	VERB
cblr-10943	446	5	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	446	6	its	its	PRON
cblr-10943	446	7	burden	burden	NOUN
cblr-10943	446	8	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	446	9	proof	proof	ADJ
cblr-10943	446	10	standard	standard	NOUN
cblr-10943	446	11	:	:	PUNCT
cblr-10943	446	12	why	why	SCONJ
cblr-10943	446	13	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	446	14	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	446	15	needs	need	VERB
cblr-10943	446	16	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	446	17	big	big	ADJ
cblr-10943	446	18	stick	stick	NOUN
cblr-10943	446	19	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	446	20	75	75	NUM
cblr-10943	446	21	notre	notre	PROPN
cblr-10943	446	22	dame	dame	PROPN
cblr-10943	446	23	l.	l.	PROPN
cblr-10943	446	24	rev	rev	PROPN
cblr-10943	446	25	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	446	26	1409	1409	NUM
cblr-10943	446	27	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	446	28	1411	1411	NUM
cblr-10943	446	29	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	446	30	2000	2000	NUM
cblr-10943	446	31	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	446	32	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	447	1	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	447	2	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	447	3	given	give	VERB
cblr-10943	447	4	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	447	5	act	act	NOUN
cblr-10943	447	6	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	447	7	‘	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	447	8	preponderance	preponderance	NOUN
cblr-10943	447	9	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	447	10	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	447	11	evidence	evidence	NOUN
cblr-10943	447	12	’	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	447	13	burden	burden	NOUN
cblr-10943	447	14	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	447	15	proof	proof	ADJ
cblr-10943	447	16	standard	standard	NOUN
cblr-10943	447	17	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	447	18	critics	critic	NOUN
cblr-10943	447	19	insist	insist	VERB
cblr-10943	447	20	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	447	21	‘	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	447	22	it	it	PRON
cblr-10943	447	23	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	447	24	too	too	ADV
cblr-10943	447	25	easy	easy	ADJ
cblr-10943	447	26	for	for	SCONJ
cblr-10943	447	27	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	447	28	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	447	29	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	447	30	prevail	prevail	VERB
cblr-10943	447	31	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	447	32	marginal	marginal	ADJ
cblr-10943	447	33	cases	case	NOUN
cblr-10943	447	34	’	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	447	35	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	447	36	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	447	37	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	447	38	‘	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	447	39	risk	risk	NOUN
cblr-10943	447	40	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	447	41	loss	loss	NOUN
cblr-10943	447	42	weighs	weigh	VERB
cblr-10943	447	43	far	far	ADV
cblr-10943	447	44	more	more	ADV
cblr-10943	447	45	heavily	heavily	ADV
cblr-10943	447	46	on	on	ADP
cblr-10943	447	47	defendants	defendant	NOUN
cblr-10943	447	48	than	than	ADP
cblr-10943	447	49	plaintiffs	plaintiff	NOUN
cblr-10943	447	50	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	447	51	’	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	447	52	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	447	53	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	447	54	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	447	55	internal	internal	ADJ
cblr-10943	447	56	citation	citation	NOUN
cblr-10943	447	57	omitted	omit	VERB
cblr-10943	447	58	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	447	59	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	448	1	1024	1024	NUM
cblr-10943	448	2	columbia	columbia	PROPN
cblr-10943	448	3	business	business	NOUN
cblr-10943	448	4	law	law	PROPN
cblr-10943	448	5	review	review	NOUN
cblr-10943	448	6	[	[	X
cblr-10943	448	7	vol	vol	NOUN
cblr-10943	448	8	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	448	9	2022	2022	NUM
cblr-10943	448	10	however	however	ADV
cblr-10943	448	11	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	448	12	congress	congress	PROPN
cblr-10943	448	13	should	should	AUX
cblr-10943	448	14	resist	resist	VERB
cblr-10943	448	15	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	448	16	urge	urge	NOUN
cblr-10943	448	17	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	448	18	establish	establish	VERB
cblr-10943	448	19	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	448	20	bright	bright	ADJ
cblr-10943	448	21	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	448	22	line	line	NOUN
cblr-10943	448	23	rule	rule	NOUN
cblr-10943	448	24	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	449	1	first	first	ADV
cblr-10943	449	2	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	449	3	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	449	4	scienter	scienter	NOUN
cblr-10943	449	5	element	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	449	6	should	should	AUX
cblr-10943	449	7	theoretically	theoretically	ADV
cblr-10943	449	8	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	449	9	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ
cblr-10943	449	10	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	449	11	protect	protect	VERB
cblr-10943	449	12	experts	expert	NOUN
cblr-10943	449	13	acting	act	VERB
cblr-10943	449	14	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	449	15	good	good	ADJ
cblr-10943	449	16	faith	faith	NOUN
cblr-10943	449	17	;	;	PUNCT
cblr-10943	449	18	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	449	19	heightened	heightened	ADJ
cblr-10943	449	20	evidentiary	evidentiary	ADJ
cblr-10943	449	21	standard	standard	NOUN
cblr-10943	449	22	would	would	AUX
cblr-10943	449	23	screen	screen	VERB
cblr-10943	449	24	out	out	ADP
cblr-10943	449	25	meritless	meritless	NOUN
cblr-10943	449	26	claims	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	449	27	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	449	28	juries	jury	NOUN
cblr-10943	449	29	should	should	AUX
cblr-10943	449	30	generally	generally	ADV
cblr-10943	449	31	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	449	32	able	able	ADJ
cblr-10943	449	33	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	449	34	differentiate	differentiate	VERB
cblr-10943	449	35	between	between	ADP
cblr-10943	449	36	experts	expert	NOUN
cblr-10943	449	37	who	who	PRON
cblr-10943	449	38	commit	commit	VERB
cblr-10943	449	39	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	449	40	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	449	41	liable	liable	ADJ
cblr-10943	449	42	acts	act	NOUN
cblr-10943	449	43	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	449	44	such	such	ADJ
cblr-10943	449	45	as	as	ADP
cblr-10943	449	46	unambiguous	unambiguous	ADJ
cblr-10943	449	47	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	449	48	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	449	49	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	449	50	those	those	PRON
cblr-10943	449	51	whose	whose	DET
cblr-10943	449	52	acts	act	NOUN
cblr-10943	449	53	are	be	AUX
cblr-10943	449	54	not	not	PART
cblr-10943	449	55	considered	consider	VERB
cblr-10943	449	56	liable	liable	ADJ
cblr-10943	449	57	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	449	58	like	like	ADP
cblr-10943	449	59	reasonable	reasonable	ADJ
cblr-10943	449	60	exercises	exercise	NOUN
cblr-10943	449	61	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	449	62	discretion	discretion	NOUN
cblr-10943	449	63	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	449	64	interpretation	interpretation	NOUN
cblr-10943	449	65	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	449	66	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	449	67	rendering	rendering	NOUN
cblr-10943	449	68	opinions	opinion	NOUN
cblr-10943	449	69	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	450	1	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	450	2	addition	addition	NOUN
cblr-10943	450	3	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	450	4	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	450	5	imposition	imposition	NOUN
cblr-10943	450	6	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	450	7	such	such	DET
cblr-10943	450	8	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	450	9	bright	bright	ADJ
cblr-10943	450	10	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	450	11	line	line	NOUN
cblr-10943	450	12	rule	rule	NOUN
cblr-10943	450	13	would	would	AUX
cblr-10943	450	14	realize	realize	VERB
cblr-10943	450	15	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	450	16	third	third	ADJ
cblr-10943	450	17	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	450	18	ninth	ninth	ADJ
cblr-10943	450	19	circuits	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	450	20	’	'	PUNCT
cblr-10943	450	21	primary	primary	ADJ
cblr-10943	450	22	concerns	concern	NOUN
cblr-10943	450	23	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	450	24	bad	bad	ADJ
cblr-10943	450	25	faith	faith	NOUN
cblr-10943	450	26	experts	expert	NOUN
cblr-10943	450	27	being	be	AUX
cblr-10943	450	28	able	able	ADJ
cblr-10943	450	29	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	450	30	shield	shield	VERB
cblr-10943	450	31	themselves	themselves	PRON
cblr-10943	450	32	from	from	ADP
cblr-10943	450	33	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	450	34	liability	liability	NOUN
cblr-10943	450	35	by	by	ADP
cblr-10943	450	36	virtue	virtue	NOUN
cblr-10943	450	37	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	450	38	their	their	PRON
cblr-10943	450	39	professional	professional	ADJ
cblr-10943	450	40	accreditation.121	accreditation.121	NOUN
cblr-10943	450	41	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	450	42	bright	bright	ADJ
cblr-10943	450	43	-	-	PUNCT
cblr-10943	450	44	line	line	NOUN
cblr-10943	450	45	rule	rule	NOUN
cblr-10943	450	46	would	would	AUX
cblr-10943	450	47	swing	swing	VERB
cblr-10943	450	48	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	450	49	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	450	50	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	450	51	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	450	52	polar	polar	ADJ
cblr-10943	450	53	extreme	extreme	NOUN
cblr-10943	450	54	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	450	55	insulating	insulate	VERB
cblr-10943	450	56	fraudulent	fraudulent	ADJ
cblr-10943	450	57	actors	actor	NOUN
cblr-10943	450	58	from	from	ADP
cblr-10943	450	59	liability	liability	NOUN
cblr-10943	450	60	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	450	61	thus	thus	ADV
cblr-10943	450	62	incentivizing	incentivize	VERB
cblr-10943	450	63	more	more	ADJ
cblr-10943	450	64	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	450	65	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	450	66	occur	occur	VERB
cblr-10943	450	67	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	450	68	again	again	ADV
cblr-10943	450	69	flying	fly	VERB
cblr-10943	450	70	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	450	71	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	450	72	face	face	NOUN
cblr-10943	450	73	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	450	74	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	450	75	goals	goal	NOUN
cblr-10943	450	76	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	450	77	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	450	78	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	450	79	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	451	1	second	second	ADJ
cblr-10943	451	2	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	451	3	it	it	PRON
cblr-10943	451	4	might	might	AUX
cblr-10943	451	5	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	451	6	quite	quite	ADV
cblr-10943	451	7	difficult	difficult	ADJ
cblr-10943	451	8	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	451	9	pass	pass	VERB
cblr-10943	451	10	such	such	ADJ
cblr-10943	451	11	legislation	legislation	NOUN
cblr-10943	451	12	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	452	1	historically	historically	ADV
cblr-10943	452	2	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	452	3	congress	congress	PROPN
cblr-10943	452	4	has	have	AUX
cblr-10943	452	5	only	only	ADV
cblr-10943	452	6	amended	amend	VERB
cblr-10943	452	7	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	452	8	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	452	9	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	452	10	response	response	NOUN
cblr-10943	452	11	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	452	12	considerable	considerable	ADJ
cblr-10943	452	13	public	public	ADJ
cblr-10943	452	14	outrage	outrage	NOUN
cblr-10943	452	15	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	452	16	egregious	egregious	ADJ
cblr-10943	452	17	abuse	abuse	NOUN
cblr-10943	452	18	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	452	19	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	452	20	qui	qui	X
cblr-10943	452	21	tam	tam	NOUN
cblr-10943	452	22	provisions	provision	NOUN
cblr-10943	452	23	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	453	1	as	as	SCONJ
cblr-10943	453	2	previously	previously	ADV
cblr-10943	453	3	mentioned	mention	VERB
cblr-10943	453	4	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	453	5	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	453	6	1943	1943	NUM
cblr-10943	453	7	legislative	legislative	ADJ
cblr-10943	453	8	amendments	amendment	NOUN
cblr-10943	453	9	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	453	10	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	453	11	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	453	12	were	be	AUX
cblr-10943	453	13	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	453	14	result	result	NOUN
cblr-10943	453	15	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	453	16	relators	relator	NOUN
cblr-10943	453	17	abusing	abuse	VERB
cblr-10943	453	18	loose	loose	ADJ
cblr-10943	453	19	qui	qui	X
cblr-10943	453	20	tam	tam	NOUN
cblr-10943	453	21	provisions	provision	NOUN
cblr-10943	453	22	by	by	ADP
cblr-10943	453	23	submitting	submit	VERB
cblr-10943	453	24	qui	qui	X
cblr-10943	453	25	tam	tam	PROPN
cblr-10943	453	26	actions	action	NOUN
cblr-10943	453	27	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	453	28	were	be	AUX
cblr-10943	453	29	identical	identical	ADJ
cblr-10943	453	30	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	453	31	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	453	32	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	453	33	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	453	34	claims.122	claims.122	NOUN
cblr-10943	453	35	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	453	36	addition	addition	NOUN
cblr-10943	453	37	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	453	38	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	453	39	1986	1986	NUM
cblr-10943	453	40	amendments	amendment	NOUN
cblr-10943	453	41	required	require	VERB
cblr-10943	453	42	extremely	extremely	ADV
cblr-10943	453	43	egregious	egregious	ADJ
cblr-10943	453	44	cases	case	NOUN
cblr-10943	453	45	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	453	46	publicized	publicize	VERB
cblr-10943	453	47	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	453	48	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	453	49	order	order	NOUN
cblr-10943	453	50	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	453	51	motivate	motivate	VERB
cblr-10943	453	52	congress	congress	PROPN
cblr-10943	453	53	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	453	54	act.123	act.123	VERB
cblr-10943	453	55	finally	finally	ADV
cblr-10943	453	56	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	453	57	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	453	58	recent	recent	ADJ
cblr-10943	453	59	2009	2009	NUM
cblr-10943	453	60	amendments	amendment	NOUN
cblr-10943	453	61	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	453	62	facilitated	facilitate	VERB
cblr-10943	453	63	greater	great	ADJ
cblr-10943	453	64	numbers	number	NOUN
cblr-10943	453	65	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	453	66	qui	qui	X
cblr-10943	453	67	tam	tam	PROPN
cblr-10943	453	68	suits	suit	NOUN
cblr-10943	453	69	were	be	AUX
cblr-10943	453	70	themselves	themselves	PRON
cblr-10943	453	71	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	453	72	reaction	reaction	NOUN
cblr-10943	453	73	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	453	74	concerns	concern	NOUN
cblr-10943	453	75	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	453	76	potential	potential	ADJ
cblr-10943	453	77	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	453	78	from	from	ADP
cblr-10943	453	79	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	453	80	2009	2009	NUM
cblr-10943	453	81	financial	financial	ADJ
cblr-10943	453	82	crisis.124	crisis.124	NOUN
cblr-10943	453	83	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	453	84	legislative	legislative	ADJ
cblr-10943	453	85	history	history	NOUN
cblr-10943	453	86	indicates	indicate	VERB
cblr-10943	453	87	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	453	88	any	any	DET
cblr-10943	453	89	major	major	ADJ
cblr-10943	453	90	legislative	legislative	ADJ
cblr-10943	453	91	change	change	NOUN
cblr-10943	453	92	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	453	93	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	453	94	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	453	95	will	will	AUX
cblr-10943	453	96	have	have	VERB
cblr-10943	453	97	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	453	98	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	453	99	precipitated	precipitate	VERB
cblr-10943	453	100	by	by	ADP
cblr-10943	453	101	significant	significant	ADJ
cblr-10943	453	102	political	political	ADJ
cblr-10943	453	103	pressure	pressure	NOUN
cblr-10943	453	104	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	453	105	such	such	ADJ
cblr-10943	453	106	as	as	ADP
cblr-10943	453	107	through	through	ADP
cblr-10943	453	108	egregious	egregious	ADJ
cblr-10943	453	109	abuse	abuse	NOUN
cblr-10943	453	110	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	453	111	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	453	112	qui	qui	X
cblr-10943	453	113	tam	tam	X
cblr-10943	453	114	provision	provision	NOUN
cblr-10943	453	115	or	or	CCONJ
cblr-10943	453	116	publicized	publicize	VERB
cblr-10943	453	117	accounts	account	NOUN
cblr-10943	453	118	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	453	119	excessive	excessive	ADJ
cblr-10943	453	120	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	453	121	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	453	122	121	121	NUM
cblr-10943	453	123	united	united	ADJ
cblr-10943	453	124	states	states	PROPN
cblr-10943	453	125	v.	v.	ADP
cblr-10943	453	126	care	care	NOUN
cblr-10943	453	127	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
cblr-10943	453	128	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	453	129	952	952	NUM
cblr-10943	453	130	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cblr-10943	453	131	89	89	NUM
cblr-10943	453	132	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	453	133	98	98	NUM
cblr-10943	453	134	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	453	135	3d	3d	NUM
cblr-10943	453	136	cir	cir	NOUN
cblr-10943	453	137	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	453	138	2020	2020	NUM
cblr-10943	453	139	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	453	140	122	122	NUM
cblr-10943	453	141	beck	beck	NOUN
cblr-10943	453	142	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	453	143	supra	supra	PROPN
cblr-10943	453	144	note	note	PROPN
cblr-10943	453	145	8	8	NUM
cblr-10943	453	146	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	453	147	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	453	148	556	556	NUM
cblr-10943	453	149	.	.	NOUN
cblr-10943	453	150	123	123	NUM
cblr-10943	453	151	beck	beck	NOUN
cblr-10943	453	152	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	453	153	supra	supra	PROPN
cblr-10943	453	154	note	note	PROPN
cblr-10943	453	155	8	8	NUM
cblr-10943	453	156	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	453	157	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	453	158	561	561	NUM
cblr-10943	453	159	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	453	160	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	453	161	this	this	PRON
cblr-10943	453	162	was	be	AUX
cblr-10943	453	163	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	453	164	era	era	NOUN
cblr-10943	453	165	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	453	166	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	453	167	$	$	SYM
cblr-10943	453	168	435	435	NUM
cblr-10943	453	169	hammer	hammer	NOUN
cblr-10943	453	170	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	453	171	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	453	172	$	$	SYM
cblr-10943	453	173	640	640	NUM
cblr-10943	453	174	toilet	toilet	NOUN
cblr-10943	453	175	seat	seat	NOUN
cblr-10943	453	176	cover	cover	NOUN
cblr-10943	453	177	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	453	178	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	453	179	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	453	180	$	$	SYM
cblr-10943	453	181	7622	7622	NUM
cblr-10943	453	182	coffee	coffee	NOUN
cblr-10943	453	183	maker	maker	NOUN
cblr-10943	453	184	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	453	185	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	453	186	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	453	187	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	454	1	124	124	NUM
cblr-10943	454	2	s.	s.	PROPN
cblr-10943	454	3	rep	rep	PROPN
cblr-10943	454	4	.	.	PROPN
cblr-10943	454	5	no	no	PROPN
cblr-10943	454	6	.	.	NOUN
cblr-10943	454	7	111	111	NUM
cblr-10943	454	8	-	-	SYM
cblr-10943	454	9	10	10	NUM
cblr-10943	454	10	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	454	11	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	454	12	2	2	NUM
cblr-10943	454	13	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	454	14	2009	2009	NUM
cblr-10943	454	15	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	454	16	(	(	PUNCT
cblr-10943	454	17	“	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	454	18	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	454	19	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	454	20	new	new	ADJ
cblr-10943	454	21	tools	tool	NOUN
cblr-10943	454	22	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	454	23	resources	resource	NOUN
cblr-10943	454	24	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	454	25	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	454	26	bill	bill	NOUN
cblr-10943	454	27	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	454	28	it	it	PRON
cblr-10943	454	29	will	will	AUX
cblr-10943	454	30	be	be	AUX
cblr-10943	454	31	easier	easy	ADJ
cblr-10943	454	32	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	454	33	ensure	ensure	VERB
cblr-10943	454	34	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	454	35	all	all	PRON
cblr-10943	454	36	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	454	37	those	those	PRON
cblr-10943	454	38	responsible	responsible	ADJ
cblr-10943	454	39	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	454	40	these	these	DET
cblr-10943	454	41	financial	financial	ADJ
cblr-10943	454	42	crimes	crime	NOUN
cblr-10943	454	43	are	be	AUX
cblr-10943	454	44	held	hold	VERB
cblr-10943	454	45	accountable	accountable	ADJ
cblr-10943	454	46	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	454	47	”	"	PUNCT
cblr-10943	454	48	)	)	PUNCT
cblr-10943	454	49	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	455	1	no	no	INTJ
cblr-10943	455	2	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	456	1	2:993	2:993	NUM
cblr-10943	456	2	]	]	PUNCT
cblr-10943	456	3	reconsidering	reconsider	VERB
cblr-10943	456	4	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	456	5	role	role	NOUN
cblr-10943	456	6	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	456	7	expert	expert	ADJ
cblr-10943	456	8	discretion	discretion	NOUN
cblr-10943	456	9	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	456	10	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	456	11	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	456	12	1025	1025	NUM
cblr-10943	456	13	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	456	14	contracting	contracting	NOUN
cblr-10943	456	15	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	457	1	it	it	PRON
cblr-10943	457	2	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	457	3	unlikely	unlikely	ADJ
cblr-10943	457	4	that	that	SCONJ
cblr-10943	457	5	such	such	ADJ
cblr-10943	457	6	legislative	legislative	ADJ
cblr-10943	457	7	change	change	NOUN
cblr-10943	457	8	can	can	AUX
cblr-10943	457	9	occur	occur	VERB
cblr-10943	457	10	without	without	ADP
cblr-10943	457	11	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	457	12	necessary	necessary	ADJ
cblr-10943	457	13	political	political	ADJ
cblr-10943	457	14	momentum	momentum	NOUN
cblr-10943	457	15	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	458	1	v.	v.	ADP
cblr-10943	458	2	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
cblr-10943	458	3	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	458	4	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	458	5	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	458	6	an	an	DET
cblr-10943	458	7	invaluable	invaluable	ADJ
cblr-10943	458	8	tool	tool	NOUN
cblr-10943	458	9	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	458	10	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	458	11	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	458	12	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	458	13	arsenal	arsenal	NOUN
cblr-10943	458	14	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	458	15	combat	combat	VERB
cblr-10943	458	16	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	458	17	inevitable	inevitable	ADJ
cblr-10943	458	18	fraud	fraud	NOUN
cblr-10943	458	19	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	458	20	arises	arise	VERB
cblr-10943	458	21	from	from	ADP
cblr-10943	458	22	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	458	23	federal	federal	ADJ
cblr-10943	458	24	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	458	25	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	458	26	extensive	extensive	ADJ
cblr-10943	458	27	business	business	NOUN
cblr-10943	458	28	engagements	engagement	NOUN
cblr-10943	458	29	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	458	30	private	private	ADJ
cblr-10943	458	31	firms	firm	NOUN
cblr-10943	458	32	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	459	1	however	however	ADV
cblr-10943	459	2	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	459	3	throughout	throughout	ADP
cblr-10943	459	4	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	459	5	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	459	6	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	459	7	history	history	NOUN
cblr-10943	459	8	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	459	9	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	459	10	act	act	NOUN
cblr-10943	459	11	has	have	AUX
cblr-10943	459	12	struggled	struggle	VERB
cblr-10943	459	13	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	459	14	balance	balance	VERB
cblr-10943	459	15	incentivizing	incentivize	VERB
cblr-10943	459	16	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	459	17	relators	relator	NOUN
cblr-10943	459	18	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	459	19	are	be	AUX
cblr-10943	459	20	key	key	ADJ
cblr-10943	459	21	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	459	22	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	459	23	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	459	24	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	459	25	enforcement	enforcement	NOUN
cblr-10943	459	26	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	459	27	protecting	protect	VERB
cblr-10943	459	28	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	459	29	businesses	business	NOUN
cblr-10943	459	30	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	459	31	whom	whom	PRON
cblr-10943	459	32	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	459	33	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	459	34	contracts	contract	VERB
cblr-10943	459	35	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	460	1	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	460	2	current	current	ADJ
cblr-10943	460	3	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	460	4	split	split	NOUN
cblr-10943	460	5	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	460	6	particularly	particularly	ADV
cblr-10943	460	7	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	460	8	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	460	9	pleadings	pleading	NOUN
cblr-10943	460	10	stage	stage	NOUN
cblr-10943	460	11	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	460	12	has	have	AUX
cblr-10943	460	13	pushed	push	VERB
cblr-10943	460	14	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	460	15	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	460	16	far	far	ADV
cblr-10943	460	17	too	too	ADV
cblr-10943	460	18	much	much	ADJ
cblr-10943	460	19	toward	toward	ADP
cblr-10943	460	20	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	460	21	former	former	ADJ
cblr-10943	460	22	by	by	ADP
cblr-10943	460	23	enabling	enable	VERB
cblr-10943	460	24	expert	expert	NOUN
cblr-10943	460	25	discretion	discretion	NOUN
cblr-10943	460	26	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	460	27	establish	establish	VERB
cblr-10943	460	28	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	460	29	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	460	30	element	element	NOUN
cblr-10943	460	31	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	460	32	as	as	SCONJ
cblr-10943	460	33	evidenced	evidence	VERB
cblr-10943	460	34	by	by	ADP
cblr-10943	460	35	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	460	36	significant	significant	ADJ
cblr-10943	460	37	increase	increase	NOUN
cblr-10943	460	38	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	460	39	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	460	40	claim	claim	NOUN
cblr-10943	460	41	payouts.125	payouts.125	NOUN
cblr-10943	460	42	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	460	43	imbalance	imbalance	NOUN
cblr-10943	460	44	has	have	VERB
cblr-10943	460	45	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	460	46	effect	effect	NOUN
cblr-10943	460	47	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	460	48	hindering	hinder	VERB
cblr-10943	460	49	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	460	50	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	460	51	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	460	52	ability	ability	NOUN
cblr-10943	460	53	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	460	54	efficiently	efficiently	ADV
cblr-10943	460	55	contract	contract	VERB
cblr-10943	460	56	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	460	57	private	private	ADJ
cblr-10943	460	58	sector	sector	NOUN
cblr-10943	460	59	businesses	business	NOUN
cblr-10943	460	60	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	460	61	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	460	62	consequently	consequently	ADV
cblr-10943	460	63	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	460	64	lowering	lower	VERB
cblr-10943	460	65	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	460	66	quality	quality	NOUN
cblr-10943	460	67	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	460	68	services	service	NOUN
cblr-10943	460	69	that	that	PRON
cblr-10943	460	70	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	460	71	federal	federal	ADJ
cblr-10943	460	72	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	460	73	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	460	74	able	able	ADJ
cblr-10943	460	75	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	460	76	render	render	VERB
cblr-10943	460	77	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	460	78	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	460	79	public	public	NOUN
cblr-10943	460	80	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	461	1	a	a	DET
cblr-10943	461	2	resolution	resolution	NOUN
cblr-10943	461	3	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	461	4	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	461	5	particular	particular	ADJ
cblr-10943	461	6	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	461	7	split	split	NOUN
cblr-10943	461	8	is	be	AUX
cblr-10943	461	9	required	require	VERB
cblr-10943	461	10	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	461	11	bring	bring	VERB
cblr-10943	461	12	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	461	13	act	act	NOUN
cblr-10943	461	14	back	back	ADV
cblr-10943	461	15	into	into	ADP
cblr-10943	461	16	equilibrium	equilibrium	NOUN
cblr-10943	461	17	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	461	18	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	461	19	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	461	20	’s	’s	PART
cblr-10943	461	21	historical	historical	ADJ
cblr-10943	461	22	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	461	23	statutory	statutory	ADJ
cblr-10943	461	24	intentions	intention	NOUN
cblr-10943	461	25	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	462	1	while	while	SCONJ
cblr-10943	462	2	there	there	PRON
cblr-10943	462	3	are	be	VERB
cblr-10943	462	4	several	several	ADJ
cblr-10943	462	5	possible	possible	ADJ
cblr-10943	462	6	solutions	solution	NOUN
cblr-10943	462	7	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	462	8	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	462	9	combination	combination	NOUN
cblr-10943	462	10	of	of	ADP
cblr-10943	462	11	rejecting	reject	VERB
cblr-10943	462	12	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	462	13	objective	objective	ADJ
cblr-10943	462	14	falsity	falsity	NOUN
cblr-10943	462	15	standard	standard	NOUN
cblr-10943	462	16	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	462	17	raising	raise	VERB
cblr-10943	462	18	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	462	19	scienter	scienter	NOUN
cblr-10943	462	20	particularity	particularity	NOUN
cblr-10943	462	21	requirement	requirement	NOUN
cblr-10943	462	22	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	462	23	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	462	24	pleading	pleading	NOUN
cblr-10943	462	25	stage	stage	NOUN
cblr-10943	462	26	will	will	AUX
cblr-10943	462	27	allow	allow	VERB
cblr-10943	462	28	for	for	ADP
cblr-10943	462	29	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	462	30	fca	fca	PROPN
cblr-10943	462	31	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	462	32	return	return	VERB
cblr-10943	462	33	to	to	ADP
cblr-10943	462	34	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	462	35	middle	middle	ADJ
cblr-10943	462	36	ground	ground	NOUN
cblr-10943	462	37	between	between	ADP
cblr-10943	462	38	these	these	DET
cblr-10943	462	39	two	two	NUM
cblr-10943	462	40	competing	compete	VERB
cblr-10943	462	41	interests	interest	NOUN
cblr-10943	462	42	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	463	1	congress	congress	PROPN
cblr-10943	463	2	should	should	AUX
cblr-10943	463	3	take	take	VERB
cblr-10943	463	4	prompt	prompt	ADJ
cblr-10943	463	5	legislative	legislative	ADJ
cblr-10943	463	6	action	action	NOUN
cblr-10943	463	7	in	in	ADP
cblr-10943	463	8	order	order	NOUN
cblr-10943	463	9	to	to	PART
cblr-10943	463	10	rectify	rectify	VERB
cblr-10943	463	11	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	463	12	imbalance	imbalance	NOUN
cblr-10943	463	13	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	463	14	lest	lest	SCONJ
cblr-10943	463	15	this	this	DET
cblr-10943	463	16	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cblr-10943	463	17	split	split	VERB
cblr-10943	463	18	further	far	ADV
cblr-10943	463	19	compound	compound	VERB
cblr-10943	463	20	the	the	DET
cblr-10943	463	21	difficulties	difficulty	NOUN
cblr-10943	463	22	and	and	CCONJ
cblr-10943	463	23	risks	risk	NOUN
cblr-10943	463	24	associated	associate	VERB
cblr-10943	463	25	with	with	ADP
cblr-10943	463	26	government	government	NOUN
cblr-10943	463	27	contracting	contracting	NOUN
cblr-10943	463	28	by	by	ADP
cblr-10943	463	29	private	private	ADJ
cblr-10943	463	30	businesses	business	NOUN
cblr-10943	463	31	.	.	PUNCT
cblr-10943	464	1	125	125	NUM
cblr-10943	464	2	baker	baker	PROPN
cblr-10943	464	3	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	464	4	supra	supra	PROPN
cblr-10943	464	5	note	note	PROPN
cblr-10943	464	6	89	89	NUM
cblr-10943	464	7	,	,	PUNCT
cblr-10943	464	8	at	at	ADP
cblr-10943	464	9	216–17	216–17	NUM
cblr-10943	464	10	.	.	PUNCT