id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentence	flesch	summary	cache	txt
cjgl-9371	Anderson-Seller, Rachel	The Coronavirus as a Changemaker: Opportunities to Advance American Maternal Care in the Wake of the Pandemic	2022	57	.pdf	application/pdf	20621	903	53	She was able to obtain a place in an English midwifery school and returned to the United States in 1925 as a certified midwife, where she campaigned to bring nurse-midwifery services first to rural Appalachia, then to the United States as a whole.62 Nurse-midwifery expanded after World War II due to both a boom in hospital construction, which led to a shortage of obstetricians to staff the hospitals, and to third-party health insurance, which made hospital birth more financially accessible.63 D. Bringing Birth Back Home Before the present pandemic-inspired surge in demand for community birth attended by midwives, community birth, and home birth in particular, experienced 56 CHILD. 30 COLUMBIA JOURNAL OF GENDER AND LAW 42.1 statistics.195 Both states license their midwives through the Public Health Divisions of their respective Departments of Health rather than through Boards of Medicine or Boards of Nursing.196 Nationwide, 32% of birth center births and 68% of home births were paid for out-of-pocket by the families.197 In New Mexico, families paid out-of- pocket for 5% of birth center births and 35% of home births.198 The Washington figures are even more impressive: less than 5% of birth center births and 18% of home births were self-paid.199	cache/cjgl-9371.pdf	txt/cjgl-9371.txt