id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentence	flesch	summary	cache	txt
cjrl-9944	Webb, Melody	Building a Guaranteed Income to End the "Child Welfare" System	2022	20	.pdf	application/pdf	9860	474	49	This figure excludes the large number of children believed to occupy the “hidden” or “shadow” kinship foster system that CWS uses to place children outside their homes,8 and it omits the number of children that CWS agencies monitor in their homes.9 CWS involvement is strongly correlated with race, having a single mother, and being poor.10 Black children are disproportionally represented across the American CWS,11 including in the foster care system.12 For example, in the District of Columbia, Black children comprise eighty-two percent of foster system cases,13 as compared to fifty-two percent of children in the city.14 Black parents are more likely to be surveilled and investigated by child welfare agencies and to have their children removed and remain in foster care for long periods of time.15 Black families are also more prone to losing their children to adoption.16 7 CHILD. According to 2018 data, Black children were 13.71% of the population, yet 22.75% of children in foster care were Black.	cache/cjrl-9944.pdf	txt/cjrl-9944.txt