id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
cjrl-2328	1	1	cjrl	cjrl	PROPN
cjrl-2328	1	2	mcclellan	mcclellan	PROPN
cjrl-2328	1	3	f17-corrected.pdf	f17-corrected.pdf	PROPN
cjrl-2328	1	4	dismantling	dismantle	VERB
cjrl-2328	1	5	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	1	6	trap	trap	NOUN
cjrl-2328	1	7	:	:	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	1	8	untangling	untangle	VERB
cjrl-2328	1	9	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	1	10	chain	chain	NOUN
cjrl-2328	1	11	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	1	12	events	event	NOUN
cjrl-2328	1	13	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	1	14	excessive	excessive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	1	15	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	1	16	claims	claim	NOUN
cjrl-2328	1	17	by	by	ADP
cjrl-2328	1	18	cara	cara	X
cjrl-2328	1	19	mcclellan1	mcclellan1	PROPN
cjrl-2328	1	20	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	1	21	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	1	22	wake	wake	NOUN
cjrl-2328	1	23	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	1	24	repeated	repeat	VERB
cjrl-2328	1	25	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	1	26	shootings	shooting	NOUN
cjrl-2328	1	27	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	1	28	unarmed	unarmed	ADJ
cjrl-2328	1	29	black	black	ADJ
cjrl-2328	1	30	men	man	NOUN
cjrl-2328	1	31	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	1	32	women	woman	NOUN
cjrl-2328	1	33	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	1	34	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	1	35	departments	department	NOUN
cjrl-2328	1	36	across	across	ADP
cjrl-2328	1	37	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	1	38	country	country	NOUN
cjrl-2328	1	39	are	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	1	40	focusing	focus	VERB
cjrl-2328	1	41	on	on	ADP
cjrl-2328	1	42	de	de	NOUN
cjrl-2328	1	43	-	-	NOUN
cjrl-2328	1	44	escalation	escalation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	1	45	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	2	1	yet	yet	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	2	2	federal	federal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	2	3	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	2	4	reviewing	review	VERB
cjrl-2328	2	5	fourth	fourth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	2	6	amendment	amendment	PROPN
cjrl-2328	2	7	excessive	excessive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	2	8	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	2	9	violations	violation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	2	10	are	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	2	11	often	often	ADV
cjrl-2328	2	12	unwilling	unwilling	ADJ
cjrl-2328	2	13	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	2	14	take	take	VERB
cjrl-2328	2	15	into	into	ADP
cjrl-2328	2	16	account	account	NOUN
cjrl-2328	2	17	how	how	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	2	18	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	2	19	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	2	20	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	2	21	pre	pre	VERB
cjrl-2328	2	22	-	-	ADJ
cjrl-2328	2	23	seizure	seizure	ADJ
cjrl-2328	2	24	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	2	25	may	may	AUX
cjrl-2328	2	26	have	have	AUX
cjrl-2328	2	27	affected	affect	VERB
cjrl-2328	2	28	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	2	29	need	need	NOUN
cjrl-2328	2	30	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	2	31	use	use	VERB
cjrl-2328	2	32	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	2	33	during	during	ADP
cjrl-2328	2	34	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	2	35	civilian	civilian	ADJ
cjrl-2328	2	36	encounter	encounter	NOUN
cjrl-2328	2	37	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	3	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	3	2	argue	argue	VERB
cjrl-2328	3	3	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	3	4	as	as	ADP
cjrl-2328	3	5	part	part	NOUN
cjrl-2328	3	6	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	3	7	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	3	8	graham	graham	PROPN
cjrl-2328	3	9	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	3	10	connor	connor	PROPN
cjrl-2328	3	11	reasonableness	reasonableness	PROPN
cjrl-2328	3	12	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cjrl-2328	3	13	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	3	14	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	3	15	reviewing	review	VERB
cjrl-2328	3	16	excessive	excessive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	3	17	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	3	18	claims	claim	NOUN
cjrl-2328	3	19	should	should	AUX
cjrl-2328	3	20	consider	consider	VERB
cjrl-2328	3	21	prior	prior	ADJ
cjrl-2328	3	22	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	3	23	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	3	24	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	3	25	impacted	impact	VERB
cjrl-2328	3	26	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	3	27	need	need	NOUN
cjrl-2328	3	28	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	3	29	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	3	30	when	when	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	3	31	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	3	32	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	3	33	predictably	predictably	ADV
cjrl-2328	3	34	causes	cause	VERB
cjrl-2328	3	35	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	3	36	civilian	civilian	NOUN
cjrl-2328	3	37	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	3	38	respond	respond	VERB
cjrl-2328	3	39	by	by	ADP
cjrl-2328	3	40	employing	employ	VERB
cjrl-2328	3	41	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	3	42	overly	overly	ADV
cjrl-2328	3	43	aggressive	aggressive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	3	44	tactic	tactic	NOUN
cjrl-2328	3	45	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	4	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	4	2	provide	provide	VERB
cjrl-2328	4	3	examples	example	NOUN
cjrl-2328	4	4	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	4	5	how	how	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	4	6	traditional	traditional	ADJ
cjrl-2328	4	7	principles	principle	NOUN
cjrl-2328	4	8	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	4	9	causation	causation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	4	10	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	4	11	tort	tort	NOUN
cjrl-2328	4	12	law	law	NOUN
cjrl-2328	4	13	could	could	AUX
cjrl-2328	4	14	apply	apply	VERB
cjrl-2328	4	15	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	4	16	provide	provide	VERB
cjrl-2328	4	17	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	4	18	workable	workable	ADJ
cjrl-2328	4	19	approach	approach	NOUN
cjrl-2328	4	20	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	5	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
cjrl-2328	5	2	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	5	3	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	5	4	argue	argue	VERB
cjrl-2328	5	5	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	5	6	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	5	7	severity	severity	NOUN
cjrl-2328	5	8	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	5	9	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	5	10	crime	crime	NOUN
cjrl-2328	5	11	provides	provide	VERB
cjrl-2328	5	12	context	context	NOUN
cjrl-2328	5	13	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	5	14	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	5	15	essential	essential	ADJ
cjrl-2328	5	16	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	5	17	interpreting	interpret	VERB
cjrl-2328	5	18	causation	causation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	5	19	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	5	20	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	5	21	entire	entire	ADJ
cjrl-2328	5	22	chain	chain	NOUN
cjrl-2328	5	23	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	5	24	events	event	NOUN
cjrl-2328	5	25	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	5	26	occurs	occur	VERB
cjrl-2328	5	27	during	during	ADP
cjrl-2328	5	28	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	5	29	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	5	30	-	-	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	5	31	civilian	civilian	ADJ
cjrl-2328	5	32	interaction	interaction	NOUN
cjrl-2328	5	33	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	6	1	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	6	2	we	we	PRON
cjrl-2328	6	3	were	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	6	4	coming	come	VERB
cjrl-2328	6	5	from	from	ADP
cjrl-2328	6	6	playing	play	VERB
cjrl-2328	6	7	basketball	basketball	NOUN
cjrl-2328	6	8	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	6	9	some	some	PRON
cjrl-2328	6	10	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	6	11	us	we	PRON
cjrl-2328	6	12	were	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	6	13	n’t	not	PART
cjrl-2328	6	14	even	even	ADV
cjrl-2328	6	15	wearing	wear	VERB
cjrl-2328	6	16	our	our	PRON
cjrl-2328	6	17	t	t	NOUN
cjrl-2328	6	18	-	-	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	6	19	shirts	shirt	NOUN
cjrl-2328	6	20	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	7	1	[	[	X
cjrl-2328	7	2	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	7	3	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	7	4	]	]	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	7	5	started	start	VERB
cjrl-2328	7	6	patting	pat	VERB
cjrl-2328	7	7	us	we	PRON
cjrl-2328	7	8	down	down	ADP
cjrl-2328	7	9	like	like	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	7	10	we	we	PRON
cjrl-2328	7	11	’re	’re	AUX
cjrl-2328	7	12	gon	go	VERB
cjrl-2328	7	13	na	to	PART
cjrl-2328	7	14	have	have	VERB
cjrl-2328	7	15	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	7	16	gun	gun	NOUN
cjrl-2328	7	17	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	7	18	our	our	PRON
cjrl-2328	7	19	shorts	short	NOUN
cjrl-2328	7	20	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	8	1	one	one	NUM
cjrl-2328	8	2	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	8	3	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	8	4	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	8	5	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	8	6	actually	actually	ADV
cjrl-2328	8	7	took	take	VERB
cjrl-2328	8	8	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	8	9	food	food	NOUN
cjrl-2328	8	10	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	8	11	just	just	ADV
cjrl-2328	8	12	bought	buy	VERB
cjrl-2328	8	13	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	8	14	threw	throw	VERB
cjrl-2328	8	15	it	it	PRON
cjrl-2328	8	16	down	down	ADP
cjrl-2328	8	17	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	8	18	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	8	19	like	like	ADP
cjrl-2328	8	20	‘	'	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	8	21	you	you	PRON
cjrl-2328	8	22	got	get	VERB
cjrl-2328	8	23	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	8	24	issue	issue	NOUN
cjrl-2328	8	25	with	with	ADP
cjrl-2328	8	26	what	what	PRON
cjrl-2328	8	27	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	8	28	just	just	ADV
cjrl-2328	8	29	did	do	AUX
cjrl-2328	8	30	?	?	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	8	31	’	'	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	9	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	9	2	guess	guess	VERB
cjrl-2328	9	3	they	they	PRON
cjrl-2328	9	4	were	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	9	5	trying	try	VERB
cjrl-2328	9	6	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	9	7	start	start	VERB
cjrl-2328	9	8	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	9	9	issue	issue	NOUN
cjrl-2328	9	10	where	where	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	9	11	they	they	PRON
cjrl-2328	9	12	could	could	AUX
cjrl-2328	9	13	arrest	arrest	VERB
cjrl-2328	9	14	me	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	9	15	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	10	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	10	2	wanted	want	VERB
cjrl-2328	10	3	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	10	4	talk	talk	VERB
cjrl-2328	10	5	back	back	ADV
cjrl-2328	10	6	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	11	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	11	2	actually	actually	ADV
cjrl-2328	11	3	started	start	VERB
cjrl-2328	11	4	talking	talk	VERB
cjrl-2328	11	5	back	back	ADV
cjrl-2328	11	6	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	11	7	but	but	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	11	8	then	then	ADV
cjrl-2328	11	9	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	11	10	just	just	ADV
cjrl-2328	11	11	got	get	VERB
cjrl-2328	11	12	quiet	quiet	ADJ
cjrl-2328	11	13	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	12	1	’cause	’cause	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	12	2	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	12	3	’m	’m	AUX
cjrl-2328	12	4	basically	basically	ADV
cjrl-2328	12	5	falling	fall	VERB
cjrl-2328	12	6	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	12	7	their	their	PRON
cjrl-2328	12	8	trap	trap	NOUN
cjrl-2328	12	9	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	13	1	if	if	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	13	2	they	they	PRON
cjrl-2328	13	3	want	want	VERB
cjrl-2328	13	4	me	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	13	5	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	13	6	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	13	7	locked	lock	VERB
cjrl-2328	13	8	up	up	ADP
cjrl-2328	13	9	1	1	NUM
cjrl-2328	13	10	cara	cara	NOUN
cjrl-2328	13	11	mcclellan	mcclellan	PROPN
cjrl-2328	13	12	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	13	13	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	13	14	skadden	skadden	ADJ
cjrl-2328	13	15	fellow	fellow	NOUN
cjrl-2328	13	16	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	13	17	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	13	18	naacp	naacp	PROPN
cjrl-2328	13	19	legal	legal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	13	20	defense	defense	NOUN
cjrl-2328	13	21	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	13	22	educational	educational	ADJ
cjrl-2328	13	23	fund	fund	NOUN
cjrl-2328	13	24	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	14	1	b.a	b.a	PROPN
cjrl-2328	14	2	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	14	3	2010	2010	NUM
cjrl-2328	14	4	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	14	5	yale	yale	PROPN
cjrl-2328	14	6	college	college	PROPN
cjrl-2328	14	7	;	;	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	14	8	m.s.ed	m.s.e	VERB
cjrl-2328	14	9	2012	2012	NUM
cjrl-2328	14	10	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	14	11	university	university	NOUN
cjrl-2328	14	12	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	14	13	pennsylvania	pennsylvania	PROPN
cjrl-2328	14	14	;	;	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	14	15	j.d	j.d	PROPN
cjrl-2328	14	16	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	14	17	2015	2015	NUM
cjrl-2328	14	18	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	14	19	yale	yale	PROPN
cjrl-2328	14	20	law	law	PROPN
cjrl-2328	14	21	school	school	NOUN
cjrl-2328	14	22	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	15	1	2	2	NUM
cjrl-2328	15	2	columbia	columbia	PROPN
cjrl-2328	15	3	journal	journal	NOUN
cjrl-2328	15	4	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	15	5	race	race	NOUN
cjrl-2328	15	6	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	15	7	law	law	NOUN
cjrl-2328	16	1	[	[	X
cjrl-2328	16	2	vol	vol	NOUN
cjrl-2328	16	3	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	16	4	8:1	8:1	NUM
cjrl-2328	16	5	then	then	ADV
cjrl-2328	16	6	they	they	PRON
cjrl-2328	16	7	want	want	VERB
cjrl-2328	16	8	me	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	16	9	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	16	10	say	say	VERB
cjrl-2328	16	11	something	something	PRON
cjrl-2328	16	12	back	back	ADV
cjrl-2328	16	13	or	or	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	16	14	do	do	VERB
cjrl-2328	16	15	something	something	PRON
cjrl-2328	16	16	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	16	17	”2	”2	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	17	1	i.	i.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	17	2	introduction	introduction	NOUN
cjrl-2328	17	3	:	:	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	17	4	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	17	5	trap	trap	NOUN
cjrl-2328	17	6	.............................................	.............................................	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	17	7	2	2	NUM
cjrl-2328	17	8	ii	ii	NOUN
cjrl-2328	17	9	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	18	1	objective	objective	ADJ
cjrl-2328	18	2	reasonableness	reasonableness	NOUN
cjrl-2328	18	3	under	under	ADP
cjrl-2328	18	4	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	18	5	totality	totality	NOUN
cjrl-2328	18	6	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	18	7	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	18	8	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	18	9	.........................................................	.........................................................	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	18	10	6	6	NUM
cjrl-2328	18	11	iii	iii	NOUN
cjrl-2328	18	12	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	19	1	evaluating	evaluate	VERB
cjrl-2328	19	2	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	19	3	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	19	4	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	19	5	excessive	excessive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	19	6	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	19	7	claims	claim	NOUN
cjrl-2328	19	8	.....................................................................................	.....................................................................................	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	19	9	9	9	NUM
cjrl-2328	19	10	a.	a.	NOUN
cjrl-2328	19	11	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	19	12	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	19	13	exclude	exclude	VERB
cjrl-2328	19	14	all	all	PRON
cjrl-2328	19	15	pre	pre	ADJ
cjrl-2328	19	16	-	-	ADJ
cjrl-2328	19	17	seizure	seizure	ADJ
cjrl-2328	19	18	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	19	19	.......	.......	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	19	20	9	9	NUM
cjrl-2328	19	21	b.	b.	NOUN
cjrl-2328	19	22	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	19	23	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	19	24	apply	apply	VERB
cjrl-2328	19	25	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	19	26	segmented	segmented	ADJ
cjrl-2328	19	27	approach	approach	NOUN
cjrl-2328	19	28	.....	.....	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	19	29	10	10	NUM
cjrl-2328	19	30	c.	c.	NOUN
cjrl-2328	19	31	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	19	32	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	19	33	consider	consider	VERB
cjrl-2328	19	34	pre	pre	VERB
cjrl-2328	19	35	-	-	ADJ
cjrl-2328	19	36	seizure	seizure	ADJ
cjrl-2328	19	37	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	19	38	relevant	relevant	ADJ
cjrl-2328	19	39	when	when	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	19	40	connected	connect	VERB
cjrl-2328	19	41	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	19	42	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	19	43	need	need	NOUN
cjrl-2328	19	44	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	19	45	use	use	VERB
cjrl-2328	19	46	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	19	47	under	under	ADP
cjrl-2328	19	48	traditional	traditional	ADJ
cjrl-2328	19	49	principles	principle	NOUN
cjrl-2328	19	50	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	19	51	causation	causation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	19	52	................................................................................................	................................................................................................	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	19	53	16	16	NUM
cjrl-2328	19	54	iv	iv	NOUN
cjrl-2328	19	55	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	20	1	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	20	2	supreme	supreme	PROPN
cjrl-2328	20	3	court	court	PROPN
cjrl-2328	20	4	suggests	suggest	VERB
cjrl-2328	20	5	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	20	6	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	20	7	should	should	AUX
cjrl-2328	20	8	apply	apply	VERB
cjrl-2328	20	9	tort	tort	NOUN
cjrl-2328	20	10	principles	principle	NOUN
cjrl-2328	20	11	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	20	12	causation	causation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	20	13	when	when	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	20	14	considering	consider	VERB
cjrl-2328	20	15	pre	pre	VERB
cjrl-2328	20	16	-	-	ADJ
cjrl-2328	20	17	seizure	seizure	ADJ
cjrl-2328	20	18	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	20	19	..................................	..................................	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	21	1	23	23	NUM
cjrl-2328	22	1	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	22	2	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	22	3	severity	severity	NOUN
cjrl-2328	22	4	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	22	5	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	22	6	crime	crime	NOUN
cjrl-2328	22	7	provides	provide	VERB
cjrl-2328	22	8	additional	additional	ADJ
cjrl-2328	22	9	context	context	NOUN
cjrl-2328	22	10	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	22	11	evaluating	evaluate	VERB
cjrl-2328	22	12	causation	causation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	22	13	................................	................................	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	22	14	25	25	NUM
cjrl-2328	22	15	vi	vi	NOUN
cjrl-2328	22	16	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	22	17	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
cjrl-2328	22	18	................................................................	................................................................	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	22	19	30	30	NUM
cjrl-2328	22	20	i.	i.	NOUN
cjrl-2328	22	21	introduction	introduction	NOUN
cjrl-2328	22	22	:	:	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	22	23	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	22	24	trap	trap	NOUN
cjrl-2328	22	25	how	how	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	22	26	does	do	VERB
cjrl-2328	22	27	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	22	28	conversation	conversation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	22	29	about	about	ADP
cjrl-2328	22	30	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	22	31	broken	broken	ADJ
cjrl-2328	22	32	brake	brake	NOUN
cjrl-2328	22	33	light	light	NOUN
cjrl-2328	22	34	escalate	escalate	VERB
cjrl-2328	22	35	into	into	ADP
cjrl-2328	22	36	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	22	37	fatal	fatal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	22	38	shooting	shooting	NOUN
cjrl-2328	22	39	?	?	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	23	1	on	on	ADP
cjrl-2328	23	2	july	july	PROPN
cjrl-2328	23	3	6	6	NUM
cjrl-2328	23	4	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	23	5	2016	2016	NUM
cjrl-2328	23	6	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	23	7	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	23	8	jeronimo	jeronimo	PROPN
cjrl-2328	23	9	yanez	yanez	PROPN
cjrl-2328	23	10	stopped	stop	VERB
cjrl-2328	23	11	philando	philando	PROPN
cjrl-2328	23	12	castile	castile	NOUN
cjrl-2328	23	13	on	on	ADP
cjrl-2328	23	14	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	23	15	busy	busy	ADJ
cjrl-2328	23	16	street	street	NOUN
cjrl-2328	23	17	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	23	18	falcon	falcon	PROPN
cjrl-2328	23	19	heights	heights	PROPN
cjrl-2328	23	20	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	23	21	minnesota	minnesota	PROPN
cjrl-2328	23	22	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	24	1	his	his	PRON
cjrl-2328	24	2	girlfriend	girlfriend	NOUN
cjrl-2328	24	3	sat	sit	VERB
cjrl-2328	24	4	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	24	5	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	24	6	passenger	passenger	NOUN
cjrl-2328	24	7	seat	seat	NOUN
cjrl-2328	24	8	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	24	9	his	his	PRON
cjrl-2328	24	10	daughter	daughter	NOUN
cjrl-2328	24	11	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	24	12	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	24	13	backseat	backseat	NOUN
cjrl-2328	24	14	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	25	1	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	25	2	traffic	traffic	NOUN
cjrl-2328	25	3	2	2	NUM
cjrl-2328	25	4	this	this	DET
cjrl-2328	25	5	quotation	quotation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	25	6	comes	come	VERB
cjrl-2328	25	7	from	from	ADP
cjrl-2328	25	8	interviews	interview	NOUN
cjrl-2328	25	9	completed	complete	VERB
cjrl-2328	25	10	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	25	11	new	new	ADJ
cjrl-2328	25	12	haven	haven	NOUN
cjrl-2328	25	13	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	25	14	connecticut	connecticut	PROPN
cjrl-2328	25	15	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	25	16	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	25	17	2010	2010	NUM
cjrl-2328	25	18	as	as	ADP
cjrl-2328	25	19	part	part	NOUN
cjrl-2328	25	20	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	25	21	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	25	22	ethnographic	ethnographic	ADJ
cjrl-2328	25	23	study	study	NOUN
cjrl-2328	25	24	on	on	ADP
cjrl-2328	25	25	how	how	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	25	26	inner	inner	ADJ
cjrl-2328	25	27	-	-	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	25	28	city	city	NOUN
cjrl-2328	25	29	students	student	NOUN
cjrl-2328	25	30	view	view	VERB
cjrl-2328	25	31	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	25	32	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	25	33	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	26	1	cara	cara	X
cjrl-2328	26	2	mcclellan	mcclellan	PROPN
cjrl-2328	26	3	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	26	4	teacher	teacher	NOUN
cjrl-2328	26	5	/	/	SYM
cjrl-2328	26	6	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	26	7	:	:	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	26	8	how	how	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	26	9	inner	inner	ADJ
cjrl-2328	26	10	-	-	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	26	11	city	city	NOUN
cjrl-2328	26	12	students	student	NOUN
cjrl-2328	26	13	perceive	perceive	VERB
cjrl-2328	26	14	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	26	15	connection	connection	NOUN
cjrl-2328	26	16	between	between	ADP
cjrl-2328	26	17	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	26	18	education	education	NOUN
cjrl-2328	26	19	system	system	NOUN
cjrl-2328	26	20	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	26	21	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	26	22	criminal	criminal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	26	23	justice	justice	NOUN
cjrl-2328	26	24	system	system	NOUN
cjrl-2328	26	25	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	26	26	8	8	NUM
cjrl-2328	26	27	yale	yale	PROPN
cjrl-2328	26	28	j.	j.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	26	29	soc	soc	PROPN
cjrl-2328	26	30	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	27	1	53	53	NUM
cjrl-2328	27	2	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	27	3	60	60	NUM
cjrl-2328	27	4	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	27	5	2012	2012	NUM
cjrl-2328	27	6	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	27	7	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	28	1	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	28	2	young	young	ADJ
cjrl-2328	28	3	adults	adult	NOUN
cjrl-2328	28	4	interviewed	interview	VERB
cjrl-2328	28	5	expressed	express	VERB
cjrl-2328	28	6	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	28	7	belief	belief	NOUN
cjrl-2328	28	8	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	28	9	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	28	10	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	28	11	profile	profile	VERB
cjrl-2328	28	12	youth	youth	NOUN
cjrl-2328	28	13	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	28	14	color	color	NOUN
cjrl-2328	28	15	as	as	ADP
cjrl-2328	28	16	criminals	criminal	NOUN
cjrl-2328	28	17	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	28	18	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	28	19	as	as	ADP
cjrl-2328	28	20	citizens	citizen	NOUN
cjrl-2328	28	21	who	who	PRON
cjrl-2328	28	22	deserve	deserve	VERB
cjrl-2328	28	23	protection	protection	NOUN
cjrl-2328	28	24	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	29	1	no	no	INTJ
cjrl-2328	29	2	.	.	NOUN
cjrl-2328	29	3	1:1	1:1	NUM
cjrl-2328	29	4	]	]	X
cjrl-2328	29	5	dismantling	dismantle	VERB
cjrl-2328	29	6	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	29	7	trap	trap	NOUN
cjrl-2328	29	8	3	3	NUM
cjrl-2328	29	9	stop	stop	NOUN
cjrl-2328	29	10	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	29	11	pretextual	pretextual	ADJ
cjrl-2328	29	12	—	—	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	29	13	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	29	14	yanez	yanez	PROPN
cjrl-2328	29	15	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	29	16	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	29	17	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	29	18	fact	fact	NOUN
cjrl-2328	29	19	motivated	motivate	VERB
cjrl-2328	29	20	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	29	21	stop	stop	VERB
cjrl-2328	29	22	castile	castile	NOUN
cjrl-2328	29	23	because	because	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	29	24	his	his	PRON
cjrl-2328	29	25	brake	brake	NOUN
cjrl-2328	29	26	light	light	NOUN
cjrl-2328	29	27	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	29	28	broken	break	VERB
cjrl-2328	29	29	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	29	30	but	but	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	29	31	because	because	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	29	32	he	he	PRON
cjrl-2328	29	33	believed	believe	VERB
cjrl-2328	29	34	castile	castile	NOUN
cjrl-2328	29	35	matched	match	VERB
cjrl-2328	29	36	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	29	37	description	description	NOUN
cjrl-2328	29	38	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	29	39	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	29	40	robbery	robbery	NOUN
cjrl-2328	29	41	suspect	suspect	NOUN
cjrl-2328	29	42	based	base	VERB
cjrl-2328	29	43	on	on	ADP
cjrl-2328	29	44	his	his	PRON
cjrl-2328	29	45	afrocentric	afrocentric	ADJ
cjrl-2328	29	46	features	feature	NOUN
cjrl-2328	29	47	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	29	48	specifically	specifically	ADV
cjrl-2328	29	49	his	his	PRON
cjrl-2328	29	50	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	29	51	wide	wide	ADV
cjrl-2328	29	52	-	-	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	29	53	set	set	VERB
cjrl-2328	29	54	nose	nose	NOUN
cjrl-2328	29	55	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	29	56	”3	”3	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	30	1	officer	officer	PROPN
cjrl-2328	30	2	yanez	yanez	PROPN
cjrl-2328	30	3	requested	request	VERB
cjrl-2328	30	4	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	30	5	mr	mr	PROPN
cjrl-2328	30	6	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	30	7	castile	castile	PROPN
cjrl-2328	30	8	provide	provide	VERB
cjrl-2328	30	9	his	his	PRON
cjrl-2328	30	10	license	license	NOUN
cjrl-2328	30	11	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	30	12	registration	registration	NOUN
cjrl-2328	30	13	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	31	1	before	before	ADP
cjrl-2328	31	2	moving	move	VERB
cjrl-2328	31	3	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	31	4	mr	mr	PROPN
cjrl-2328	31	5	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	31	6	castile	castile	PROPN
cjrl-2328	31	7	informed	inform	VERB
cjrl-2328	31	8	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	31	9	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	31	10	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	31	11	he	he	PRON
cjrl-2328	31	12	possessed	possess	VERB
cjrl-2328	31	13	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	31	14	firearm	firearm	NOUN
cjrl-2328	31	15	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	31	16	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	31	17	car	car	NOUN
cjrl-2328	31	18	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	31	19	he	he	PRON
cjrl-2328	31	20	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	31	21	lawfully	lawfully	ADV
cjrl-2328	31	22	registered	register	VERB
cjrl-2328	31	23	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	31	24	carry.4	carry.4	PROPN
cjrl-2328	31	25	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	31	26	yanez	yanez	PROPN
cjrl-2328	31	27	then	then	ADV
cjrl-2328	31	28	yelled	yell	VERB
cjrl-2328	31	29	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	31	30	do	do	AUX
cjrl-2328	31	31	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	31	32	pull	pull	VERB
cjrl-2328	31	33	it	it	PRON
cjrl-2328	31	34	out	out	ADP
cjrl-2328	31	35	!	!	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	31	36	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	32	1	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	32	2	castile	castile	NOUN
cjrl-2328	32	3	responded	respond	VERB
cjrl-2328	32	4	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	32	5	he	he	PRON
cjrl-2328	32	6	would	would	AUX
cjrl-2328	32	7	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	32	8	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	33	1	still	still	ADV
cjrl-2328	33	2	when	when	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	33	3	castile	castile	NOUN
cjrl-2328	33	4	began	begin	VERB
cjrl-2328	33	5	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	33	6	reach	reach	VERB
cjrl-2328	33	7	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	33	8	his	his	PRON
cjrl-2328	33	9	i	i	PROPN
cjrl-2328	33	10	d	d	PROPN
cjrl-2328	33	11	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	33	12	wallet	wallet	NOUN
cjrl-2328	33	13	as	as	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	33	14	requested	request	VERB
cjrl-2328	33	15	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	33	16	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	33	17	yanez	yanez	PROPN
cjrl-2328	33	18	quickly	quickly	ADV
cjrl-2328	33	19	fired	fire	VERB
cjrl-2328	33	20	seven	seven	NUM
cjrl-2328	33	21	shots	shot	NOUN
cjrl-2328	33	22	killing	kill	VERB
cjrl-2328	33	23	castile	castile	NOUN
cjrl-2328	33	24	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	34	1	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	34	2	frequent	frequent	ADJ
cjrl-2328	34	3	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	34	4	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	34	5	excessive	excessive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	34	6	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	34	7	by	by	ADP
cjrl-2328	34	8	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	34	9	against	against	ADP
cjrl-2328	34	10	civilians	civilian	NOUN
cjrl-2328	34	11	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	34	12	particularly	particularly	ADV
cjrl-2328	34	13	young	young	ADJ
cjrl-2328	34	14	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	34	15	african	african	ADJ
cjrl-2328	34	16	american	american	ADJ
cjrl-2328	34	17	men	man	NOUN
cjrl-2328	34	18	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	34	19	women	woman	NOUN
cjrl-2328	34	20	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	34	21	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	34	22	one	one	NUM
cjrl-2328	34	23	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	34	24	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	34	25	most	most	ADV
cjrl-2328	34	26	significant	significant	ADJ
cjrl-2328	34	27	problems	problem	NOUN
cjrl-2328	34	28	our	our	PRON
cjrl-2328	34	29	country	country	NOUN
cjrl-2328	34	30	faces.5	faces.5	ADJ
cjrl-2328	34	31	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	34	32	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	34	33	past	past	ADJ
cjrl-2328	34	34	several	several	ADJ
cjrl-2328	34	35	years	year	NOUN
cjrl-2328	34	36	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	34	37	this	this	DET
cjrl-2328	34	38	issue	issue	NOUN
cjrl-2328	34	39	has	have	AUX
cjrl-2328	34	40	entered	enter	VERB
cjrl-2328	34	41	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	34	42	public	public	ADJ
cjrl-2328	34	43	consciousness	consciousness	NOUN
cjrl-2328	34	44	as	as	ADP
cjrl-2328	34	45	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	34	46	result	result	NOUN
cjrl-2328	34	47	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	34	48	several	several	ADJ
cjrl-2328	34	49	widely	widely	ADV
cjrl-2328	34	50	publicized	publicize	VERB
cjrl-2328	34	51	shootings	shooting	NOUN
cjrl-2328	34	52	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	34	53	other	other	ADJ
cjrl-2328	34	54	uses	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	34	55	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	34	56	excessive	excessive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	34	57	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	34	58	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	35	1	6	6	NUM
cjrl-2328	36	1	like	like	ADP
cjrl-2328	36	2	many	many	ADJ
cjrl-2328	36	3	3	3	NUM
cjrl-2328	36	4	mitch	mitch	PROPN
cjrl-2328	36	5	smith	smith	PROPN
cjrl-2328	36	6	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	36	7	video	video	NOUN
cjrl-2328	36	8	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	36	9	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	36	10	killing	killing	NOUN
cjrl-2328	36	11	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	36	12	philando	philando	PROPN
cjrl-2328	36	13	castile	castile	NOUN
cjrl-2328	36	14	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	36	15	publicly	publicly	ADV
cjrl-2328	36	16	released	release	VERB
cjrl-2328	36	17	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	36	18	n.y	n.y	PROPN
cjrl-2328	36	19	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	36	20	times	times	PROPN
cjrl-2328	36	21	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	36	22	june	june	PROPN
cjrl-2328	36	23	20	20	NUM
cjrl-2328	36	24	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	36	25	2017	2017	NUM
cjrl-2328	36	26	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	36	27	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	36	28	https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/20/us/police-shooting-castile-trialvideo.html	https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/20/us/police-shooting-castile-trialvideo.html	PROPN
cjrl-2328	36	29	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	37	1	4	4	NUM
cjrl-2328	37	2	stephen	stephen	PROPN
cjrl-2328	37	3	rex	rex	PROPN
cjrl-2328	37	4	brown	brown	PROPN
cjrl-2328	37	5	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	37	6	philando	philando	PROPN
cjrl-2328	37	7	castile	castile	NOUN
cjrl-2328	37	8	had	have	VERB
cjrl-2328	37	9	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	37	10	permit	permit	NOUN
cjrl-2328	37	11	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	37	12	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	37	13	gun	gun	NOUN
cjrl-2328	37	14	he	he	PRON
cjrl-2328	37	15	carried	carry	VERB
cjrl-2328	37	16	when	when	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	37	17	minnesota	minnesota	PROPN
cjrl-2328	37	18	cop	cop	PROPN
cjrl-2328	37	19	shot	shoot	VERB
cjrl-2328	37	20	him	he	PRON
cjrl-2328	37	21	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	37	22	death	death	NOUN
cjrl-2328	37	23	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	37	24	n.y	n.y	PROPN
cjrl-2328	37	25	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	37	26	daily	daily	PROPN
cjrl-2328	37	27	news	news	PROPN
cjrl-2328	37	28	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	37	29	july	july	PROPN
cjrl-2328	37	30	9	9	NUM
cjrl-2328	37	31	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	37	32	2016	2016	NUM
cjrl-2328	37	33	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	37	34	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	37	35	http://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/philandocastileminnesotagun-permit-article-1.2705537	http://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/philandocastileminnesotagun-permit-article-1.2705537	PROPN
cjrl-2328	37	36	.	.	NOUN
cjrl-2328	37	37	5	5	NUM
cjrl-2328	37	38	according	accord	VERB
cjrl-2328	37	39	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	37	40	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	37	41	washington	washington	PROPN
cjrl-2328	37	42	post	post	NOUN
cjrl-2328	37	43	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	37	44	there	there	PRON
cjrl-2328	37	45	were	be	VERB
cjrl-2328	37	46	963	963	NUM
cjrl-2328	37	47	civilians	civilian	NOUN
cjrl-2328	37	48	killed	kill	VERB
cjrl-2328	37	49	by	by	ADP
cjrl-2328	37	50	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	37	51	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	37	52	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	37	53	2016	2016	NUM
cjrl-2328	37	54	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	38	1	john	john	PROPN
cjrl-2328	38	2	sullivan	sullivan	PROPN
cjrl-2328	38	3	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	38	4	et	et	PROPN
cjrl-2328	38	5	al	al	PROPN
cjrl-2328	38	6	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	38	7	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	38	8	number	number	NOUN
cjrl-2328	38	9	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	38	10	fatal	fatal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	38	11	shootings	shooting	NOUN
cjrl-2328	38	12	by	by	ADP
cjrl-2328	38	13	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	38	14	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	38	15	nearly	nearly	ADV
cjrl-2328	38	16	identical	identical	ADJ
cjrl-2328	38	17	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	38	18	last	last	ADJ
cjrl-2328	38	19	year	year	NOUN
cjrl-2328	38	20	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	38	21	wash	wash	NOUN
cjrl-2328	38	22	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	39	1	post	post	NOUN
cjrl-2328	39	2	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	39	3	july	july	PROPN
cjrl-2328	39	4	1	1	NUM
cjrl-2328	39	5	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	39	6	2017	2017	NUM
cjrl-2328	39	7	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	39	8	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	39	9	https://www.washingtonpost.com/investigations/number-of-fatal-shootingsby-police-is-nearly-identical-to-last-year/2017/07/01/98726cc6-5b5f-11e79fc6-c7ef4bc58d13_story.html?utm_term=.7fda7ac5ef80	https://www.washingtonpost.com/investigations/number-of-fatal-shootingsby-police-is-nearly-identical-to-last-year/2017/07/01/98726cc6-5b5f-11e79fc6-c7ef4bc58d13_story.html?utm_term=.7fda7ac5ef80	PROPN
cjrl-2328	39	10	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	39	11	african	african	PROPN
cjrl-2328	39	12	american	american	ADJ
cjrl-2328	39	13	males	male	NOUN
cjrl-2328	39	14	represent	represent	VERB
cjrl-2328	39	15	nearly	nearly	ADV
cjrl-2328	39	16	1/4	1/4	NUM
cjrl-2328	39	17	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	39	18	unarmed	unarmed	ADJ
cjrl-2328	39	19	people	people	NOUN
cjrl-2328	39	20	killed	kill	VERB
cjrl-2328	39	21	by	by	ADP
cjrl-2328	39	22	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	39	23	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	39	24	but	but	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	39	25	only	only	ADV
cjrl-2328	39	26	6	6	NUM
cjrl-2328	39	27	%	%	NOUN
cjrl-2328	39	28	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	39	29	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	39	30	population	population	NOUN
cjrl-2328	39	31	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	40	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	40	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	40	3	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	40	4	violence	violence	NOUN
cjrl-2328	40	5	against	against	ADP
cjrl-2328	40	6	african	african	ADJ
cjrl-2328	40	7	american	american	ADJ
cjrl-2328	40	8	women	woman	NOUN
cjrl-2328	40	9	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	40	10	african	african	ADJ
cjrl-2328	40	11	american	american	ADJ
cjrl-2328	40	12	transgender	transgender	NOUN
cjrl-2328	40	13	people	people	NOUN
cjrl-2328	40	14	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	40	15	also	also	ADV
cjrl-2328	40	16	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	40	17	significant	significant	ADJ
cjrl-2328	40	18	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	40	19	but	but	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	40	20	difficult	difficult	ADJ
cjrl-2328	40	21	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	40	22	measure	measure	VERB
cjrl-2328	40	23	problem	problem	NOUN
cjrl-2328	40	24	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	41	1	see	see	VERB
cjrl-2328	41	2	generally	generally	ADV
cjrl-2328	41	3	andrea	andrea	PROPN
cjrl-2328	41	4	j.	j.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	41	5	ritchie	ritchie	PROPN
cjrl-2328	41	6	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	41	7	invisible	invisible	ADJ
cjrl-2328	41	8	no	no	PRON
cjrl-2328	41	9	more	more	ADJ
cjrl-2328	41	10	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	41	11	violence	violence	NOUN
cjrl-2328	41	12	against	against	ADP
cjrl-2328	41	13	black	black	ADJ
cjrl-2328	41	14	women	woman	NOUN
cjrl-2328	41	15	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	41	16	women	woman	NOUN
cjrl-2328	41	17	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	41	18	color	color	NOUN
cjrl-2328	41	19	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	41	20	2017	2017	NUM
cjrl-2328	41	21	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	41	22	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	42	1	6	6	NUM
cjrl-2328	42	2	see	see	VERB
cjrl-2328	42	3	roger	roger	PROPN
cjrl-2328	42	4	a.	a.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	42	5	fairfax	fairfax	PROPN
cjrl-2328	42	6	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	42	7	jr	jr	PROPN
cjrl-2328	42	8	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	42	9	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	42	10	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	42	11	grand	grand	ADJ
cjrl-2328	42	12	jury	jury	NOUN
cjrl-2328	42	13	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	42	14	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	42	15	violence	violence	NOUN
cjrl-2328	42	16	against	against	ADP
cjrl-2328	42	17	black	black	ADJ
cjrl-2328	42	18	men	man	NOUN
cjrl-2328	42	19	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	42	20	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	42	21	policing	police	VERB
cjrl-2328	42	22	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	42	23	black	black	ADJ
cjrl-2328	42	24	man	man	NOUN
cjrl-2328	42	25	209–234	209–234	NUM
cjrl-2328	42	26	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	42	27	angela	angela	PROPN
cjrl-2328	42	28	j.	j.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	42	29	davis	davis	PROPN
cjrl-2328	42	30	ed	ed	PROPN
cjrl-2328	42	31	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	42	32	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	42	33	2017	2017	NUM
cjrl-2328	42	34	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	42	35	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	42	36	documenting	document	VERB
cjrl-2328	42	37	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	42	38	recent	recent	ADJ
cjrl-2328	42	39	history	history	NOUN
cjrl-2328	42	40	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	42	41	african	african	ADJ
cjrl-2328	42	42	american	american	ADJ
cjrl-2328	42	43	men	man	NOUN
cjrl-2328	42	44	killed	kill	VERB
cjrl-2328	42	45	by	by	ADP
cjrl-2328	42	46	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	42	47	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	42	48	;	;	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	42	49	kimberlé	kimberlé	PROPN
cjrl-2328	42	50	williams	williams	PROPN
cjrl-2328	42	51	crenshaw	crenshaw	PROPN
cjrl-2328	42	52	&	&	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	42	53	andrea	andrea	PROPN
cjrl-2328	42	54	j.	j.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	42	55	ritchie	ritchie	PROPN
cjrl-2328	42	56	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	42	57	say	say	VERB
cjrl-2328	42	58	her	her	PRON
cjrl-2328	42	59	name	name	NOUN
cjrl-2328	42	60	:	:	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	42	61	resisting	resist	VERB
cjrl-2328	42	62	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	42	63	brutality	brutality	NOUN
cjrl-2328	42	64	against	against	ADP
cjrl-2328	42	65	black	black	ADJ
cjrl-2328	42	66	women	woman	NOUN
cjrl-2328	42	67	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	42	68	2015	2015	NUM
cjrl-2328	42	69	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	42	70	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	42	71	4	4	NUM
cjrl-2328	42	72	columbia	columbia	PROPN
cjrl-2328	42	73	journal	journal	NOUN
cjrl-2328	42	74	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	42	75	race	race	NOUN
cjrl-2328	42	76	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	42	77	law	law	NOUN
cjrl-2328	43	1	[	[	X
cjrl-2328	43	2	vol	vol	NOUN
cjrl-2328	43	3	.	.	NOUN
cjrl-2328	43	4	8:1	8:1	NUM
cjrl-2328	43	5	others	other	NOUN
cjrl-2328	43	6	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	43	7	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	43	8	have	have	AUX
cjrl-2328	43	9	watched	watch	VERB
cjrl-2328	43	10	footage	footage	NOUN
cjrl-2328	43	11	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	43	12	these	these	DET
cjrl-2328	43	13	shootings	shooting	NOUN
cjrl-2328	43	14	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	43	15	which	which	PRON
cjrl-2328	43	16	repeatedly	repeatedly	ADV
cjrl-2328	43	17	reveal	reveal	VERB
cjrl-2328	43	18	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	43	19	responding	respond	VERB
cjrl-2328	43	20	aggressively	aggressively	ADV
cjrl-2328	43	21	with	with	ADP
cjrl-2328	43	22	scant	scant	ADJ
cjrl-2328	43	23	evidence	evidence	NOUN
cjrl-2328	43	24	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	43	25	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	43	26	threat	threat	NOUN
cjrl-2328	43	27	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	43	28	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	43	29	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	43	30	’	’	PART
cjrl-2328	43	31	safety	safety	NOUN
cjrl-2328	43	32	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	44	1	like	like	ADP
cjrl-2328	44	2	many	many	ADJ
cjrl-2328	44	3	others	other	NOUN
cjrl-2328	44	4	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	44	5	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	44	6	have	have	AUX
cjrl-2328	44	7	wondered	wonder	VERB
cjrl-2328	44	8	:	:	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	44	9	how	how	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	44	10	did	do	AUX
cjrl-2328	44	11	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	44	12	situation	situation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	44	13	escalate	escalate	VERB
cjrl-2328	44	14	so	so	ADV
cjrl-2328	44	15	quickly	quickly	ADV
cjrl-2328	44	16	?	?	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	45	1	there	there	PRON
cjrl-2328	45	2	are	be	VERB
cjrl-2328	45	3	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	45	4	no	no	ADV
cjrl-2328	45	5	doubt	doubt	ADV
cjrl-2328	45	6	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	45	7	multiple	multiple	ADJ
cjrl-2328	45	8	explanations	explanation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	45	9	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	45	10	including	include	VERB
cjrl-2328	45	11	implicit	implicit	ADJ
cjrl-2328	45	12	bias	bias	NOUN
cjrl-2328	45	13	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	45	14	stereotypes	stereotype	NOUN
cjrl-2328	45	15	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	45	16	lead	lead	VERB
cjrl-2328	45	17	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	45	18	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	45	19	view	view	VERB
cjrl-2328	45	20	african	african	ADJ
cjrl-2328	45	21	americans	americans	PROPN
cjrl-2328	45	22	as	as	ADP
cjrl-2328	45	23	threatening.7	threatening.7	X
cjrl-2328	45	24	my	my	PRON
cjrl-2328	45	25	goal	goal	NOUN
cjrl-2328	45	26	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	45	27	this	this	DET
cjrl-2328	45	28	article	article	NOUN
cjrl-2328	45	29	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	45	30	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	45	31	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	45	32	provide	provide	VERB
cjrl-2328	45	33	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	45	34	comprehensive	comprehensive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	45	35	account	account	NOUN
cjrl-2328	45	36	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	45	37	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	45	38	problem	problem	NOUN
cjrl-2328	45	39	or	or	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	45	40	potential	potential	ADJ
cjrl-2328	45	41	solutions	solution	NOUN
cjrl-2328	45	42	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	45	43	but	but	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	45	44	merely	merely	ADV
cjrl-2328	45	45	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	45	46	suggest	suggest	VERB
cjrl-2328	45	47	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	45	48	role	role	NOUN
cjrl-2328	45	49	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	45	50	fourth	fourth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	45	51	amendment	amendment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	45	52	excessive	excessive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	45	53	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	45	54	jurisprudence	jurisprudence	NOUN
cjrl-2328	45	55	can	can	AUX
cjrl-2328	45	56	play	play	VERB
cjrl-2328	45	57	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	45	58	deterring	deter	VERB
cjrl-2328	45	59	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	45	60	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	45	61	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	45	62	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	45	63	tactics	tactic	NOUN
cjrl-2328	45	64	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	45	65	contribute	contribute	VERB
cjrl-2328	45	66	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	45	67	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	45	68	need	need	NOUN
cjrl-2328	45	69	for	for	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	45	70	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	45	71	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	45	72	use	use	VERB
cjrl-2328	45	73	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	45	74	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	46	1	interactions	interaction	NOUN
cjrl-2328	46	2	between	between	ADP
cjrl-2328	46	3	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	46	4	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	46	5	young	young	ADJ
cjrl-2328	46	6	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	46	7	african	african	ADJ
cjrl-2328	46	8	american	american	ADJ
cjrl-2328	46	9	men	man	NOUN
cjrl-2328	46	10	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	46	11	women	woman	NOUN
cjrl-2328	46	12	are	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	46	13	often	often	ADV
cjrl-2328	46	14	highly	highly	ADV
cjrl-2328	46	15	charged	charge	VERB
cjrl-2328	46	16	challenges	challenge	NOUN
cjrl-2328	46	17	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	46	18	personal	personal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	46	19	dignity	dignity	NOUN
cjrl-2328	46	20	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	46	21	safety	safety	NOUN
cjrl-2328	46	22	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	47	1	8	8	NUM
cjrl-2328	47	2	many	many	ADJ
cjrl-2328	47	3	young	young	ADJ
cjrl-2328	47	4	people	people	NOUN
cjrl-2328	47	5	experience	experience	VERB
cjrl-2328	47	6	these	these	DET
cjrl-2328	47	7	encounters	encounter	NOUN
cjrl-2328	47	8	as	as	ADP
cjrl-2328	47	9	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	47	10	sort	sort	NOUN
cjrl-2328	47	11	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	47	12	quandary	quandary	ADJ
cjrl-2328	47	13	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	47	14	or	or	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	47	15	as	as	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	47	16	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	47	17	quotation	quotation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	47	18	describes	describe	VERB
cjrl-2328	47	19	it	it	PRON
cjrl-2328	47	20	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	47	21	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	47	22	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	47	23	trap	trap	NOUN
cjrl-2328	47	24	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	47	25	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	47	26	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	47	27	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	47	28	which	which	PRON
cjrl-2328	47	29	they	they	PRON
cjrl-2328	47	30	must	must	AUX
cjrl-2328	47	31	submit	submit	VERB
cjrl-2328	47	32	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	47	33	unfair	unfair	ADJ
cjrl-2328	47	34	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	47	35	aggressive	aggressive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	47	36	treatment	treatment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	47	37	because	because	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	47	38	they	they	PRON
cjrl-2328	47	39	risk	risk	VERB
cjrl-2328	47	40	violence	violence	NOUN
cjrl-2328	47	41	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	47	42	criminal	criminal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	47	43	punishment.9	punishment.9	VERB
cjrl-2328	47	44	as	as	ADP
cjrl-2328	47	45	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	47	46	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	47	47	quotation	quotation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	47	48	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	47	49	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	47	50	start	start	NOUN
cjrl-2328	47	51	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	47	52	many	many	ADJ
cjrl-2328	47	53	african	african	ADJ
cjrl-2328	47	54	americans	americans	PROPN
cjrl-2328	47	55	describe	describe	VERB
cjrl-2328	47	56	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	47	57	feeling	feeling	NOUN
cjrl-2328	47	58	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	47	59	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	47	60	behaved	behave	VERB
cjrl-2328	47	61	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	47	62	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	47	63	way	way	NOUN
cjrl-2328	47	64	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	47	65	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	47	66	disproportionate	disproportionate	ADJ
cjrl-2328	47	67	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	47	68	what	what	PRON
cjrl-2328	47	69	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	47	70	https://perma.cc/4du5-7bqt	https://perma.cc/4du5-7bqt	PROPN
cjrl-2328	47	71	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	47	72	documenting	document	VERB
cjrl-2328	47	73	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	47	74	recent	recent	ADJ
cjrl-2328	47	75	history	history	NOUN
cjrl-2328	47	76	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	47	77	african	african	ADJ
cjrl-2328	47	78	american	american	ADJ
cjrl-2328	47	79	women	woman	NOUN
cjrl-2328	47	80	killed	kill	VERB
cjrl-2328	47	81	by	by	ADP
cjrl-2328	47	82	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	47	83	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	47	84	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	48	1	7	7	NUM
cjrl-2328	48	2	see	see	VERB
cjrl-2328	48	3	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	48	4	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
cjrl-2328	48	5	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	48	6	kimberly	kimberly	PROPN
cjrl-2328	48	7	barsamian	barsamian	PROPN
cjrl-2328	48	8	kahn	kahn	PROPN
cjrl-2328	48	9	&	&	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	48	10	paul	paul	PROPN
cjrl-2328	48	11	g.	g.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	48	12	davies	davies	PROPN
cjrl-2328	48	13	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	48	14	differentially	differentially	ADV
cjrl-2328	48	15	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ
cjrl-2328	48	16	?	?	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	49	1	phenotypic	phenotypic	ADJ
cjrl-2328	49	2	racial	racial	ADJ
cjrl-2328	49	3	stereotypicality	stereotypicality	NOUN
cjrl-2328	49	4	increases	increase	VERB
cjrl-2328	49	5	implicit	implicit	ADJ
cjrl-2328	49	6	bias	bias	NOUN
cjrl-2328	49	7	among	among	ADP
cjrl-2328	49	8	ingroup	ingroup	NOUN
cjrl-2328	49	9	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	49	10	outgroup	outgroup	NOUN
cjrl-2328	49	11	members	member	NOUN
cjrl-2328	49	12	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	49	13	14	14	NUM
cjrl-2328	49	14	group	group	NOUN
cjrl-2328	49	15	processes	process	NOUN
cjrl-2328	49	16	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	49	17	intergroup	intergroup	NOUN
cjrl-2328	49	18	relations	relation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	49	19	569	569	NUM
cjrl-2328	49	20	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	49	21	2011	2011	NUM
cjrl-2328	49	22	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	49	23	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	49	24	finding	find	VERB
cjrl-2328	49	25	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	49	26	black	black	ADJ
cjrl-2328	49	27	targets	target	NOUN
cjrl-2328	49	28	with	with	ADP
cjrl-2328	49	29	darker	dark	ADJ
cjrl-2328	49	30	skin	skin	NOUN
cjrl-2328	49	31	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	49	32	broader	broad	ADJ
cjrl-2328	49	33	noses	nose	NOUN
cjrl-2328	49	34	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	49	35	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	49	36	fuller	full	ADJ
cjrl-2328	49	37	lips	lip	NOUN
cjrl-2328	49	38	elicited	elicit	VERB
cjrl-2328	49	39	stronger	strong	ADJ
cjrl-2328	49	40	implicit	implicit	ADJ
cjrl-2328	49	41	bias	bias	NOUN
cjrl-2328	49	42	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	49	43	split	split	NOUN
cjrl-2328	49	44	-	-	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	49	45	second	second	ADJ
cjrl-2328	49	46	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	49	47	shoot	shoot	NOUN
cjrl-2328	49	48	/	/	SYM
cjrl-2328	49	49	don’t	don’t	NOUN
cjrl-2328	49	50	shoot	shoot	NOUN
cjrl-2328	49	51	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	49	52	situations	situation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	49	53	than	than	ADP
cjrl-2328	49	54	other	other	ADJ
cjrl-2328	49	55	targets	target	NOUN
cjrl-2328	49	56	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	50	1	8	8	NUM
cjrl-2328	50	2	see	see	VERB
cjrl-2328	50	3	generally	generally	ADV
cjrl-2328	50	4	frank	frank	PROPN
cjrl-2328	50	5	rudy	rudy	PROPN
cjrl-2328	50	6	cooper	cooper	PROPN
cjrl-2328	50	7	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	50	8	who	who	PRON
cjrl-2328	50	9	’s	’	VERB
cjrl-2328	50	10	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	50	11	man	man	NOUN
cjrl-2328	50	12	?	?	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	50	13	:	:	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	51	1	masculinities	masculinity	NOUN
cjrl-2328	51	2	studies	study	NOUN
cjrl-2328	51	3	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	51	4	terry	terry	PROPN
cjrl-2328	51	5	stops	stop	VERB
cjrl-2328	51	6	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	51	7	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	51	8	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	51	9	training	training	NOUN
cjrl-2328	51	10	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	51	11	colum	colum	NOUN
cjrl-2328	51	12	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	52	1	j.	j.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	52	2	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	52	3	gender	gender	NOUN
cjrl-2328	52	4	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	52	5	l.	l.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	52	6	671	671	NUM
cjrl-2328	52	7	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	52	8	2009	2009	NUM
cjrl-2328	52	9	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	52	10	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	52	11	https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1257183	https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1257183	PROPN
cjrl-2328	52	12	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	52	13	arguing	argue	VERB
cjrl-2328	52	14	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	52	15	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	52	16	use	use	VERB
cjrl-2328	52	17	terry	terry	NOUN
cjrl-2328	52	18	stops	stop	VERB
cjrl-2328	52	19	as	as	ADP
cjrl-2328	52	20	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	52	21	act	act	NOUN
cjrl-2328	52	22	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	52	23	domination	domination	NOUN
cjrl-2328	52	24	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	52	25	validate	validate	VERB
cjrl-2328	52	26	their	their	PRON
cjrl-2328	52	27	sense	sense	NOUN
cjrl-2328	52	28	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	52	29	esteem	esteem	NOUN
cjrl-2328	52	30	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	52	31	masculinity	masculinity	NOUN
cjrl-2328	52	32	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	52	33	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	53	1	9	9	NUM
cjrl-2328	53	2	my	my	PRON
cjrl-2328	53	3	purpose	purpose	NOUN
cjrl-2328	53	4	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	53	5	describing	describe	VERB
cjrl-2328	53	6	this	this	DET
cjrl-2328	53	7	experience	experience	NOUN
cjrl-2328	53	8	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	53	9	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	53	10	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	53	11	suggest	suggest	VERB
cjrl-2328	53	12	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	53	13	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	53	14	stops	stop	NOUN
cjrl-2328	53	15	which	which	PRON
cjrl-2328	53	16	lack	lack	VERB
cjrl-2328	53	17	suspicion	suspicion	NOUN
cjrl-2328	53	18	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	53	19	serve	serve	VERB
cjrl-2328	53	20	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	53	21	humiliate	humiliate	VERB
cjrl-2328	53	22	young	young	ADJ
cjrl-2328	53	23	men	man	NOUN
cjrl-2328	53	24	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	53	25	women	woman	NOUN
cjrl-2328	53	26	cause	cause	VERB
cjrl-2328	53	27	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	53	28	harm	harm	NOUN
cjrl-2328	53	29	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	53	30	can	can	AUX
cjrl-2328	53	31	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	53	32	equated	equate	VERB
cjrl-2328	53	33	with	with	ADP
cjrl-2328	53	34	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	53	35	encounters	encounter	NOUN
cjrl-2328	53	36	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	53	37	end	end	VERB
cjrl-2328	53	38	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	53	39	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	53	40	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	53	41	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	53	42	lethal	lethal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	53	43	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	53	44	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	53	45	but	but	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	53	46	rather	rather	ADV
cjrl-2328	53	47	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	53	48	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	53	49	two	two	NUM
cjrl-2328	53	50	are	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	53	51	connected	connect	VERB
cjrl-2328	53	52	when	when	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	53	53	one	one	PRON
cjrl-2328	53	54	considers	consider	VERB
cjrl-2328	53	55	how	how	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	53	56	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	53	57	encounters	encounter	NOUN
cjrl-2328	53	58	escalate	escalate	VERB
cjrl-2328	53	59	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	53	60	involve	involve	VERB
cjrl-2328	53	61	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	53	62	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	53	63	could	could	AUX
cjrl-2328	53	64	have	have	AUX
cjrl-2328	53	65	been	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	53	66	prevented	prevent	VERB
cjrl-2328	53	67	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	54	1	no	no	INTJ
cjrl-2328	54	2	.	.	NOUN
cjrl-2328	54	3	1:1	1:1	NUM
cjrl-2328	54	4	]	]	X
cjrl-2328	54	5	dismantling	dismantle	VERB
cjrl-2328	54	6	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	54	7	trap	trap	NOUN
cjrl-2328	54	8	5	5	NUM
cjrl-2328	54	9	warranted	warrant	VERB
cjrl-2328	54	10	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	54	11	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	54	12	situation	situation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	54	13	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	54	14	designed	design	VERB
cjrl-2328	54	15	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	54	16	provoke	provoke	VERB
cjrl-2328	54	17	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	54	18	response	response	NOUN
cjrl-2328	54	19	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	55	1	department	department	NOUN
cjrl-2328	55	2	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	55	3	justice	justice	NOUN
cjrl-2328	55	4	investigations	investigation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	55	5	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	55	6	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	55	7	practices	practice	NOUN
cjrl-2328	55	8	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	55	9	ferguson	ferguson	PROPN
cjrl-2328	55	10	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	55	11	baltimore	baltimore	PROPN
cjrl-2328	55	12	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	55	13	which	which	PRON
cjrl-2328	55	14	found	find	VERB
cjrl-2328	55	15	systemic	systemic	ADJ
cjrl-2328	55	16	overreliance	overreliance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	55	17	on	on	ADP
cjrl-2328	55	18	excessive	excessive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	55	19	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	55	20	against	against	ADP
cjrl-2328	55	21	african	african	ADJ
cjrl-2328	55	22	american	american	ADJ
cjrl-2328	55	23	civilians,10	civilians,10	NOUN
cjrl-2328	55	24	have	have	AUX
cjrl-2328	55	25	highlighted	highlight	VERB
cjrl-2328	55	26	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	55	27	need	need	NOUN
cjrl-2328	55	28	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	55	29	focus	focus	VERB
cjrl-2328	55	30	on	on	ADP
cjrl-2328	55	31	deescalating	deescalate	VERB
cjrl-2328	55	32	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	55	33	-	-	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	55	34	civilian	civilian	ADJ
cjrl-2328	55	35	encounters	encounter	NOUN
cjrl-2328	55	36	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	55	37	order	order	NOUN
cjrl-2328	55	38	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	55	39	minimize	minimize	VERB
cjrl-2328	55	40	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	55	41	need	need	NOUN
cjrl-2328	55	42	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	55	43	use	use	VERB
cjrl-2328	55	44	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	55	45	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	56	1	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	56	2	resulting	result	VERB
cjrl-2328	56	3	consent	consent	NOUN
cjrl-2328	56	4	decrees	decree	NOUN
cjrl-2328	56	5	require	require	VERB
cjrl-2328	56	6	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	56	7	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	56	8	undergo	undergo	VERB
cjrl-2328	56	9	de	de	ADJ
cjrl-2328	56	10	-	-	NOUN
cjrl-2328	56	11	escalation	escalation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	56	12	training	training	NOUN
cjrl-2328	56	13	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	56	14	employ	employ	VERB
cjrl-2328	56	15	new	new	ADJ
cjrl-2328	56	16	tactics	tactic	NOUN
cjrl-2328	56	17	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	56	18	include	include	VERB
cjrl-2328	56	19	slowing	slow	VERB
cjrl-2328	56	20	down	down	ADP
cjrl-2328	56	21	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	56	22	pace	pace	NOUN
cjrl-2328	56	23	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	56	24	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	56	25	incident	incident	NOUN
cjrl-2328	56	26	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	56	27	waiting	wait	VERB
cjrl-2328	56	28	out	out	ADP
cjrl-2328	56	29	subjects	subject	NOUN
cjrl-2328	56	30	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	56	31	creating	create	VERB
cjrl-2328	56	32	distance	distance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	56	33	between	between	ADP
cjrl-2328	56	34	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	56	35	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	56	36	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	56	37	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	56	38	threat	threat	NOUN
cjrl-2328	56	39	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	56	40	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	56	41	requesting	request	VERB
cjrl-2328	56	42	additional	additional	ADJ
cjrl-2328	56	43	resources	resource	NOUN
cjrl-2328	56	44	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	56	45	such	such	ADJ
cjrl-2328	56	46	as	as	ADP
cjrl-2328	56	47	behavioral	behavioral	ADJ
cjrl-2328	56	48	healthcare	healthcare	NOUN
cjrl-2328	56	49	providers	provider	NOUN
cjrl-2328	56	50	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	56	51	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	56	52	reduce	reduce	VERB
cjrl-2328	56	53	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	56	54	need	need	NOUN
cjrl-2328	56	55	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	56	56	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	56	57	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	57	1	11	11	NUM
cjrl-2328	58	1	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	58	2	fundamental	fundamental	ADJ
cjrl-2328	58	3	insight	insight	NOUN
cjrl-2328	58	4	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	58	5	de	de	ADJ
cjrl-2328	58	6	-	-	NOUN
cjrl-2328	58	7	escalation	escalation	ADJ
cjrl-2328	58	8	research	research	NOUN
cjrl-2328	58	9	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	58	10	training	training	NOUN
cjrl-2328	58	11	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	58	12	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	58	13	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	58	14	tactics	tactic	NOUN
cjrl-2328	58	15	leading	lead	VERB
cjrl-2328	58	16	up	up	ADP
cjrl-2328	58	17	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	58	18	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	58	19	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	58	20	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	58	21	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	58	22	can	can	AUX
cjrl-2328	58	23	influence	influence	VERB
cjrl-2328	58	24	whether	whether	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	58	25	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	58	26	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	58	27	used	use	VERB
cjrl-2328	58	28	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	58	29	necessary	necessary	ADJ
cjrl-2328	58	30	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	59	1	”12	”12	PROPN
cjrl-2328	59	2	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	59	3	stark	stark	ADJ
cjrl-2328	59	4	contrast	contrast	NOUN
cjrl-2328	59	5	with	with	ADP
cjrl-2328	59	6	this	this	DET
cjrl-2328	59	7	approach	approach	NOUN
cjrl-2328	59	8	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	59	9	this	this	DET
cjrl-2328	59	10	article	article	NOUN
cjrl-2328	59	11	will	will	AUX
cjrl-2328	59	12	describe	describe	VERB
cjrl-2328	59	13	how	how	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	59	14	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	59	15	majority	majority	NOUN
cjrl-2328	59	16	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	59	17	federal	federal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	59	18	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	59	19	continue	continue	VERB
cjrl-2328	59	20	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	59	21	analyze	analyze	VERB
cjrl-2328	59	22	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	59	23	encounters	encounter	NOUN
cjrl-2328	59	24	without	without	ADP
cjrl-2328	59	25	considering	consider	VERB
cjrl-2328	59	26	how	how	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	59	27	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	59	28	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	59	29	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	59	30	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	59	31	may	may	AUX
cjrl-2328	59	32	have	have	AUX
cjrl-2328	59	33	impacted	impact	VERB
cjrl-2328	59	34	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	59	35	need	need	NOUN
cjrl-2328	59	36	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	59	37	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	59	38	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	60	1	part	part	NOUN
cjrl-2328	60	2	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	60	3	outlines	outline	VERB
cjrl-2328	60	4	controlling	control	VERB
cjrl-2328	60	5	law	law	NOUN
cjrl-2328	60	6	determining	determine	VERB
cjrl-2328	60	7	whether	whether	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	60	8	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	60	9	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	60	10	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	60	11	used	use	VERB
cjrl-2328	60	12	excessive	excessive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	60	13	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	60	14	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	60	15	applying	apply	VERB
cjrl-2328	60	16	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	60	17	totality	totality	NOUN
cjrl-2328	60	18	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	60	19	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	60	20	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	60	21	test	test	VERB
cjrl-2328	60	22	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	61	1	part	part	NOUN
cjrl-2328	61	2	ii	ii	PROPN
cjrl-2328	61	3	explains	explain	VERB
cjrl-2328	61	4	how	how	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	61	5	federal	federal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	61	6	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	61	7	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	61	8	appeal	appeal	NOUN
cjrl-2328	61	9	apply	apply	VERB
cjrl-2328	61	10	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	61	11	totality	totality	NOUN
cjrl-2328	61	12	10	10	NUM
cjrl-2328	61	13	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	61	14	department	department	PROPN
cjrl-2328	61	15	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	61	16	justice	justice	PROPN
cjrl-2328	61	17	determined	determine	VERB
cjrl-2328	61	18	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	61	19	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	61	20	ferguson	ferguson	PROPN
cjrl-2328	61	21	police	police	PROPN
cjrl-2328	61	22	department	department	PROPN
cjrl-2328	61	23	used	use	VERB
cjrl-2328	61	24	excessive	excessive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	61	25	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	61	26	discriminatorily	discriminatorily	ADV
cjrl-2328	61	27	against	against	ADP
cjrl-2328	61	28	african	african	ADJ
cjrl-2328	61	29	americans	americans	PROPN
cjrl-2328	61	30	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	62	1	u.s	u.s	PROPN
cjrl-2328	62	2	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	62	3	dep’t	dep’t	PROPN
cjrl-2328	62	4	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	62	5	justice	justice	NOUN
cjrl-2328	62	6	civil	civil	ADJ
cjrl-2328	62	7	rights	right	NOUN
cjrl-2328	62	8	div	div	PROPN
cjrl-2328	62	9	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	62	10	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	62	11	investigation	investigation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	62	12	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	62	13	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	62	14	ferguson	ferguson	PROPN
cjrl-2328	62	15	police	police	PROPN
cjrl-2328	62	16	department	department	PROPN
cjrl-2328	62	17	28	28	NUM
cjrl-2328	62	18	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	62	19	2015	2015	NUM
cjrl-2328	62	20	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	62	21	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	62	22	http://www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/opa/pressreleases/attachments/2015/03/04/ferguson_police_department_report.pdf	http://www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/opa/pressreleases/attachments/2015/03/04/ferguson_police_department_report.pdf	PROPN
cjrl-2328	62	23	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	63	1	11	11	NUM
cjrl-2328	63	2	see	see	VERB
cjrl-2328	63	3	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	63	4	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
cjrl-2328	63	5	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	63	6	baltimore	baltimore	PROPN
cjrl-2328	63	7	consent	consent	NOUN
cjrl-2328	63	8	decree	decree	NOUN
cjrl-2328	63	9	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	63	10	43	43	NUM
cjrl-2328	63	11	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	63	12	united	united	PROPN
cjrl-2328	63	13	states	states	PROPN
cjrl-2328	63	14	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	63	15	baltimore	baltimore	PROPN
cjrl-2328	63	16	police	police	PROPN
cjrl-2328	63	17	dep’t	dep’t	PROPN
cjrl-2328	63	18	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	63	19	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	63	20	no	no	INTJ
cjrl-2328	63	21	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	64	1	cv	cv	PROPN
cjrl-2328	64	2	jkb-17	jkb-17	PROPN
cjrl-2328	64	3	-	-	NUM
cjrl-2328	64	4	99	99	NUM
cjrl-2328	64	5	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	64	6	2017	2017	NUM
cjrl-2328	64	7	wl	wl	NOUN
cjrl-2328	64	8	1301500	1301500	NUM
cjrl-2328	64	9	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	64	10	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	64	11	md	md	PROPN
cjrl-2328	64	12	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	65	1	apr	apr	PROPN
cjrl-2328	65	2	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	66	1	7	7	NUM
cjrl-2328	66	2	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	66	3	2017	2017	NUM
cjrl-2328	66	4	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	66	5	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	66	6	ecf	ecf	PROPN
cjrl-2328	66	7	no	no	INTJ
cjrl-2328	66	8	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	67	1	2–2	2–2	NUM
cjrl-2328	67	2	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	67	3	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	67	4	https://www.justice.gov/opa/file/925056/download	https://www.justice.gov/opa/file/925056/download	PROPN
cjrl-2328	68	1	[	[	X
cjrl-2328	68	2	hereinafter	hereinafter	NOUN
cjrl-2328	68	3	baltimore	baltimore	PROPN
cjrl-2328	68	4	consent	consent	NOUN
cjrl-2328	68	5	decree	decree	NOUN
cjrl-2328	68	6	]	]	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	68	7	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	69	1	seven	seven	NUM
cjrl-2328	69	2	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	69	3	forces	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	69	4	across	across	ADP
cjrl-2328	69	5	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	69	6	country	country	NOUN
cjrl-2328	69	7	are	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	69	8	piloting	pilot	VERB
cjrl-2328	69	9	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	69	10	de	de	ADJ
cjrl-2328	69	11	-	-	NOUN
cjrl-2328	69	12	escalation	escalation	ADJ
cjrl-2328	69	13	training	training	NOUN
cjrl-2328	69	14	program	program	NOUN
cjrl-2328	69	15	known	know	VERB
cjrl-2328	69	16	as	as	ADP
cjrl-2328	69	17	integrating	integrate	VERB
cjrl-2328	69	18	communications	communication	NOUN
cjrl-2328	69	19	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	69	20	assessment	assessment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	69	21	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	69	22	tactics	tactic	NOUN
cjrl-2328	69	23	developed	develop	VERB
cjrl-2328	69	24	by	by	ADP
cjrl-2328	69	25	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	69	26	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	69	27	executive	executive	PROPN
cjrl-2328	69	28	research	research	NOUN
cjrl-2328	69	29	forum	forum	NOUN
cjrl-2328	69	30	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	69	31	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	69	32	department	department	PROPN
cjrl-2328	69	33	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	69	34	justice	justice	PROPN
cjrl-2328	69	35	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	69	36	office	office	NOUN
cjrl-2328	69	37	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	69	38	community	community	NOUN
cjrl-2328	69	39	oriented	orient	VERB
cjrl-2328	69	40	policing	policing	NOUN
cjrl-2328	69	41	services	service	NOUN
cjrl-2328	69	42	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	70	1	see	see	VERB
cjrl-2328	70	2	generally	generally	ADV
cjrl-2328	70	3	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	70	4	executive	executive	PROPN
cjrl-2328	70	5	research	research	NOUN
cjrl-2328	70	6	forum	forum	PROPN
cjrl-2328	70	7	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	70	8	integrating	integrate	VERB
cjrl-2328	70	9	communications	communication	NOUN
cjrl-2328	70	10	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	70	11	assessment	assessment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	70	12	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	70	13	tactics	tactic	NOUN
cjrl-2328	70	14	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	70	15	2016	2016	NUM
cjrl-2328	70	16	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	70	17	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	70	18	http://www.policeforum.org/assets/icattrainingguide.pdf	http://www.policeforum.org/assets/icattrainingguide.pdf	PROPN
cjrl-2328	70	19	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	71	1	12	12	NUM
cjrl-2328	71	2	consent	consent	NOUN
cjrl-2328	71	3	decree	decree	NOUN
cjrl-2328	71	4	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	71	5	51	51	NUM
cjrl-2328	71	6	.	.	NOUN
cjrl-2328	71	7	6	6	NUM
cjrl-2328	71	8	columbia	columbia	PROPN
cjrl-2328	71	9	journal	journal	NOUN
cjrl-2328	71	10	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	71	11	race	race	NOUN
cjrl-2328	71	12	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	71	13	law	law	NOUN
cjrl-2328	71	14	[	[	X
cjrl-2328	71	15	vol	vol	NOUN
cjrl-2328	71	16	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	71	17	8:1	8:1	NUM
cjrl-2328	71	18	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	71	19	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	71	20	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	71	21	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cjrl-2328	71	22	differently	differently	ADV
cjrl-2328	71	23	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	71	24	describing	describe	VERB
cjrl-2328	71	25	three	three	NUM
cjrl-2328	71	26	approaches	approach	NOUN
cjrl-2328	71	27	:	:	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	71	28	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	71	29	1	1	X
cjrl-2328	71	30	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	71	31	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	71	32	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	71	33	do	do	AUX
cjrl-2328	71	34	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	71	35	consider	consider	VERB
cjrl-2328	71	36	any	any	DET
cjrl-2328	71	37	evidence	evidence	NOUN
cjrl-2328	71	38	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	71	39	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	71	40	conduct	conduct	VERB
cjrl-2328	71	41	prior	prior	ADV
cjrl-2328	71	42	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	71	43	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	71	44	seizure	seizure	NOUN
cjrl-2328	71	45	;	;	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	71	46	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	71	47	2	2	X
cjrl-2328	71	48	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	71	49	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	71	50	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	71	51	apply	apply	VERB
cjrl-2328	71	52	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	71	53	segmented	segmented	ADJ
cjrl-2328	71	54	approach	approach	NOUN
cjrl-2328	71	55	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	71	56	consider	consider	VERB
cjrl-2328	71	57	earlier	early	ADJ
cjrl-2328	71	58	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	71	59	misconduct	misconduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	71	60	separately	separately	ADV
cjrl-2328	71	61	from	from	ADP
cjrl-2328	71	62	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	71	63	seizure	seizure	NOUN
cjrl-2328	71	64	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	71	65	constitutes	constitute	VERB
cjrl-2328	71	66	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	71	67	alleged	allege	VERB
cjrl-2328	71	68	excessive	excessive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	71	69	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	71	70	;	;	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	71	71	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	71	72	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	71	73	3	3	X
cjrl-2328	71	74	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	71	75	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	71	76	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	71	77	apply	apply	VERB
cjrl-2328	71	78	tort	tort	NOUN
cjrl-2328	71	79	principles	principle	NOUN
cjrl-2328	71	80	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	71	81	proximate	proximate	NOUN
cjrl-2328	71	82	causation	causation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	71	83	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	71	84	determine	determine	VERB
cjrl-2328	71	85	whether	whether	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	71	86	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	71	87	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	71	88	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	71	89	directly	directly	ADV
cjrl-2328	71	90	connected	connect	VERB
cjrl-2328	71	91	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	71	92	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	71	93	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	71	94	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	71	95	excessive	excessive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	71	96	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	71	97	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	72	1	part	part	NOUN
cjrl-2328	72	2	iii	iii	NOUN
cjrl-2328	72	3	describes	describe	VERB
cjrl-2328	72	4	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	72	5	recent	recent	ADJ
cjrl-2328	72	6	county	county	NOUN
cjrl-2328	72	7	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	72	8	los	los	PROPN
cjrl-2328	72	9	angeles	angeles	PROPN
cjrl-2328	72	10	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	72	11	mendez	mendez	PROPN
cjrl-2328	72	12	decision	decision	NOUN
cjrl-2328	72	13	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	72	14	which	which	PRON
cjrl-2328	72	15	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	72	16	supreme	supreme	PROPN
cjrl-2328	72	17	court	court	PROPN
cjrl-2328	72	18	rejected	reject	VERB
cjrl-2328	72	19	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	72	20	ninth	ninth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	72	21	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cjrl-2328	72	22	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	72	23	provocation	provocation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	72	24	doctrine	doctrine	NOUN
cjrl-2328	72	25	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	72	26	but	but	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	72	27	left	leave	VERB
cjrl-2328	72	28	open	open	VERB
cjrl-2328	72	29	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	72	30	question	question	NOUN
cjrl-2328	72	31	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	72	32	whether	whether	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	72	33	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	72	34	totality	totality	NOUN
cjrl-2328	72	35	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	72	36	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	72	37	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	72	38	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cjrl-2328	72	39	should	should	AUX
cjrl-2328	72	40	consider	consider	VERB
cjrl-2328	72	41	earlier	early	ADJ
cjrl-2328	72	42	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	72	43	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	72	44	caused	cause	VERB
cjrl-2328	72	45	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	72	46	need	need	NOUN
cjrl-2328	72	47	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	72	48	use	use	VERB
cjrl-2328	72	49	force.13	force.13	NOUN
cjrl-2328	72	50	part	part	NOUN
cjrl-2328	72	51	iv	iv	NUM
cjrl-2328	72	52	argues	argue	VERB
cjrl-2328	72	53	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	72	54	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	72	55	severity	severity	NOUN
cjrl-2328	72	56	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	72	57	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	72	58	crime	crime	NOUN
cjrl-2328	72	59	provides	provide	VERB
cjrl-2328	72	60	essential	essential	ADJ
cjrl-2328	72	61	context	context	NOUN
cjrl-2328	72	62	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	72	63	determining	determine	VERB
cjrl-2328	72	64	causation	causation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	72	65	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	72	66	whether	whether	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	72	67	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	72	68	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	72	69	took	take	VERB
cjrl-2328	72	70	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	72	71	overly	overly	ADV
cjrl-2328	72	72	aggressive	aggressive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	72	73	tactic	tactic	NOUN
cjrl-2328	72	74	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	72	75	foreseeably	foreseeably	ADV
cjrl-2328	72	76	created	create	VERB
cjrl-2328	72	77	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	72	78	civilian	civilian	ADJ
cjrl-2328	72	79	response	response	NOUN
cjrl-2328	72	80	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	73	1	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	73	2	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
cjrl-2328	73	3	offers	offer	VERB
cjrl-2328	73	4	reflections	reflection	NOUN
cjrl-2328	73	5	on	on	ADP
cjrl-2328	73	6	why	why	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	73	7	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	73	8	today	today	NOUN
cjrl-2328	73	9	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	73	10	world	world	NOUN
cjrl-2328	73	11	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	73	12	pervasive	pervasive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	73	13	criminal	criminal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	73	14	regulation	regulation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	73	15	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	73	16	pretext	pretext	NOUN
cjrl-2328	73	17	policing	police	VERB
cjrl-2328	73	18	it	it	PRON
cjrl-2328	73	19	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	73	20	essential	essential	ADJ
cjrl-2328	73	21	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	73	22	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	73	23	understand	understand	VERB
cjrl-2328	73	24	excessive	excessive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	73	25	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	73	26	claims	claim	NOUN
cjrl-2328	73	27	as	as	ADP
cjrl-2328	73	28	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	73	29	entire	entire	ADJ
cjrl-2328	73	30	chain	chain	NOUN
cjrl-2328	73	31	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	73	32	events	event	NOUN
cjrl-2328	73	33	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	74	1	it	it	PRON
cjrl-2328	74	2	argues	argue	VERB
cjrl-2328	74	3	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	74	4	if	if	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	74	5	current	current	ADJ
cjrl-2328	74	6	excessive	excessive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	74	7	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	74	8	jurisprudence	jurisprudence	NOUN
cjrl-2328	74	9	does	do	AUX
cjrl-2328	74	10	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	74	11	change	change	VERB
cjrl-2328	74	12	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	74	13	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	74	14	next	next	ADJ
cjrl-2328	74	15	generation	generation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	74	16	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	74	17	minority	minority	NOUN
cjrl-2328	74	18	citizens	citizen	NOUN
cjrl-2328	74	19	will	will	AUX
cjrl-2328	74	20	grow	grow	VERB
cjrl-2328	74	21	up	up	ADP
cjrl-2328	74	22	feeling	feel	VERB
cjrl-2328	74	23	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	74	24	trapped	trap	VERB
cjrl-2328	74	25	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	74	26	by	by	ADP
cjrl-2328	74	27	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	74	28	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	74	29	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	74	30	undermining	undermine	VERB
cjrl-2328	74	31	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	74	32	legitimacy	legitimacy	NOUN
cjrl-2328	74	33	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	74	34	our	our	PRON
cjrl-2328	74	35	criminal	criminal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	74	36	justice	justice	NOUN
cjrl-2328	74	37	system	system	NOUN
cjrl-2328	74	38	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	74	39	american	american	ADJ
cjrl-2328	74	40	democracy	democracy	NOUN
cjrl-2328	74	41	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	75	1	14	14	NUM
cjrl-2328	75	2	ii	ii	NOUN
cjrl-2328	75	3	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	75	4	objective	objective	ADJ
cjrl-2328	75	5	reasonableness	reasonableness	NOUN
cjrl-2328	75	6	under	under	ADP
cjrl-2328	75	7	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	75	8	totality	totality	NOUN
cjrl-2328	75	9	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	75	10	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	75	11	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	75	12	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	75	13	seizure	seizure	NOUN
cjrl-2328	75	14	occurs	occur	VERB
cjrl-2328	75	15	when	when	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	75	16	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	75	17	use	use	VERB
cjrl-2328	75	18	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	75	19	or	or	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	75	20	assert	assert	VERB
cjrl-2328	75	21	authority	authority	NOUN
cjrl-2328	75	22	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	75	23	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	75	24	way	way	NOUN
cjrl-2328	75	25	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	75	26	causes	cause	VERB
cjrl-2328	75	27	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	75	28	civilian	civilian	NOUN
cjrl-2328	75	29	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	75	30	submit.15	submit.15	VERB
cjrl-2328	75	31	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	75	32	fourth	fourth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	75	33	amendment	amendment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	75	34	governs	govern	VERB
cjrl-2328	75	35	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	75	36	ways	way	NOUN
cjrl-2328	75	37	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	75	38	which	which	PRON
cjrl-2328	75	39	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	75	40	are	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	75	41	permitted	permit	VERB
cjrl-2328	75	42	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	75	43	assert	assert	VERB
cjrl-2328	75	44	authority	authority	NOUN
cjrl-2328	75	45	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	75	46	use	use	VERB
cjrl-2328	75	47	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	75	48	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	75	49	conducting	conduct	VERB
cjrl-2328	75	50	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	75	51	13	13	NUM
cjrl-2328	75	52	cty	cty	NOUN
cjrl-2328	75	53	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	75	54	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	75	55	los	los	PROPN
cjrl-2328	75	56	angeles	angeles	PROPN
cjrl-2328	75	57	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	75	58	mendez	mendez	PROPN
cjrl-2328	75	59	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	75	60	137	137	NUM
cjrl-2328	75	61	s.	s.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	75	62	ct	ct	PROPN
cjrl-2328	75	63	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	75	64	1539	1539	NUM
cjrl-2328	75	65	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	75	66	2017	2017	NUM
cjrl-2328	75	67	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	75	68	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	76	1	14	14	NUM
cjrl-2328	76	2	see	see	VERB
cjrl-2328	76	3	benjamin	benjamin	PROPN
cjrl-2328	76	4	justice	justice	PROPN
cjrl-2328	76	5	&	&	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	76	6	tracey	tracey	PROPN
cjrl-2328	76	7	l.	l.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	76	8	meares	meares	PROPN
cjrl-2328	76	9	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	76	10	how	how	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	76	11	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	76	12	criminal	criminal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	76	13	justice	justice	NOUN
cjrl-2328	76	14	system	system	NOUN
cjrl-2328	76	15	educates	educate	VERB
cjrl-2328	76	16	citizens	citizen	NOUN
cjrl-2328	76	17	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	76	18	651	651	NUM
cjrl-2328	76	19	annals	annal	NOUN
cjrl-2328	76	20	am	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	76	21	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	77	1	acad	acad	PROPN
cjrl-2328	77	2	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	78	1	pol	pol	PROPN
cjrl-2328	78	2	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	78	3	&	&	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	78	4	soc	soc	PROPN
cjrl-2328	78	5	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	79	1	sci	sci	PROPN
cjrl-2328	79	2	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	79	3	159	159	NUM
cjrl-2328	79	4	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	79	5	160	160	NUM
cjrl-2328	79	6	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	79	7	2014	2014	NUM
cjrl-2328	79	8	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	79	9	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	79	10	discussing	discuss	VERB
cjrl-2328	79	11	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	79	12	different	different	ADJ
cjrl-2328	79	13	ways	way	NOUN
cjrl-2328	79	14	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	79	15	which	which	PRON
cjrl-2328	79	16	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	79	17	criminal	criminal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	79	18	justice	justice	NOUN
cjrl-2328	79	19	system	system	NOUN
cjrl-2328	79	20	educates	educate	VERB
cjrl-2328	79	21	african	african	ADJ
cjrl-2328	79	22	american	american	ADJ
cjrl-2328	79	23	youth	youth	NOUN
cjrl-2328	79	24	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	79	25	shapes	shape	VERB
cjrl-2328	79	26	their	their	PRON
cjrl-2328	79	27	view	view	NOUN
cjrl-2328	79	28	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	79	29	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	79	30	legitimacy	legitimacy	NOUN
cjrl-2328	79	31	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	79	32	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	79	33	democracy	democracy	NOUN
cjrl-2328	79	34	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	79	35	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	80	1	15	15	NUM
cjrl-2328	80	2	california	california	PROPN
cjrl-2328	80	3	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	80	4	hodari	hodari	PROPN
cjrl-2328	80	5	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	80	6	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	80	7	499	499	NUM
cjrl-2328	80	8	u.s	u.s	PROPN
cjrl-2328	80	9	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	80	10	621	621	NUM
cjrl-2328	80	11	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	80	12	629	629	NUM
cjrl-2328	80	13	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	80	14	1991	1991	NUM
cjrl-2328	80	15	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	80	16	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	81	1	no	no	INTJ
cjrl-2328	81	2	.	.	NOUN
cjrl-2328	81	3	1:1	1:1	NUM
cjrl-2328	81	4	]	]	X
cjrl-2328	81	5	dismantling	dismantle	VERB
cjrl-2328	81	6	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	81	7	trap	trap	NOUN
cjrl-2328	81	8	7	7	NUM
cjrl-2328	81	9	investigatory	investigatory	NOUN
cjrl-2328	81	10	stop	stop	NOUN
cjrl-2328	81	11	or	or	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	81	12	seizure	seizure	VERB
cjrl-2328	81	13	under	under	ADP
cjrl-2328	81	14	particular	particular	ADJ
cjrl-2328	81	15	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	81	16	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	82	1	16	16	NUM
cjrl-2328	82	2	victims	victim	NOUN
cjrl-2328	82	3	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	82	4	excessive	excessive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	82	5	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	82	6	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	82	7	can	can	AUX
cjrl-2328	82	8	sue	sue	VERB
cjrl-2328	82	9	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	82	10	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	82	11	under	under	ADP
cjrl-2328	82	12	42	42	NUM
cjrl-2328	82	13	u.s.c	u.s.c	ADJ
cjrl-2328	82	14	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	83	1	§	§	PROPN
cjrl-2328	83	2	1983	1983	NUM
cjrl-2328	83	3	17	17	NUM
cjrl-2328	83	4	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	83	5	claim	claim	VERB
cjrl-2328	83	6	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	83	7	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	83	8	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	83	9	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	83	10	action	action	NOUN
cjrl-2328	83	11	violated	violate	VERB
cjrl-2328	83	12	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	83	13	fourth	fourth	PROPN
cjrl-2328	83	14	amendment	amendment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	83	15	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	83	16	reasonableness	reasonableness	NOUN
cjrl-2328	83	17	standard	standard	NOUN
cjrl-2328	83	18	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	83	19	18	18	NUM
cjrl-2328	83	20	although	although	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	83	21	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	83	22	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	83	23	focus	focus	NOUN
cjrl-2328	83	24	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	83	25	this	this	DET
cjrl-2328	83	26	article	article	NOUN
cjrl-2328	83	27	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	83	28	it	it	PRON
cjrl-2328	83	29	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	83	30	important	important	ADJ
cjrl-2328	83	31	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	83	32	note	note	VERB
cjrl-2328	83	33	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	83	34	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	83	35	order	order	NOUN
cjrl-2328	83	36	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	83	37	overcome	overcome	VERB
cjrl-2328	83	38	qualified	qualified	ADJ
cjrl-2328	83	39	immunity	immunity	NOUN
cjrl-2328	83	40	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	83	41	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	83	42	alleged	allege	VERB
cjrl-2328	83	43	violation	violation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	83	44	must	must	AUX
cjrl-2328	83	45	have	have	AUX
cjrl-2328	83	46	been	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	83	47	clearly	clearly	ADV
cjrl-2328	83	48	established	establish	VERB
cjrl-2328	83	49	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	83	50	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	83	51	time	time	NOUN
cjrl-2328	83	52	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	83	53	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	83	54	acted.19	acted.19	VERB
cjrl-2328	83	55	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	83	56	graham	graham	PROPN
cjrl-2328	83	57	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	83	58	connor	connor	PROPN
cjrl-2328	83	59	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	83	60	20	20	NUM
cjrl-2328	83	61	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	83	62	supreme	supreme	PROPN
cjrl-2328	83	63	court	court	PROPN
cjrl-2328	83	64	established	establish	VERB
cjrl-2328	83	65	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	83	66	objective	objective	ADJ
cjrl-2328	83	67	reasonableness	reasonableness	NOUN
cjrl-2328	83	68	test	test	NOUN
cjrl-2328	83	69	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	83	70	determine	determine	VERB
cjrl-2328	83	71	whether	whether	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	83	72	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	83	73	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	83	74	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	83	75	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	83	76	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	83	77	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	83	78	violated	violate	VERB
cjrl-2328	83	79	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	83	80	fourth	fourth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	83	81	amendment	amendment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	83	82	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	83	83	balancing	balance	VERB
cjrl-2328	83	84	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	83	85	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	83	86	nature	nature	NOUN
cjrl-2328	83	87	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	83	88	quality	quality	NOUN
cjrl-2328	83	89	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	83	90	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	83	91	intrusion	intrusion	NOUN
cjrl-2328	83	92	on	on	ADP
cjrl-2328	83	93	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	83	94	individual	individual	NOUN
cjrl-2328	83	95	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	83	96	fourth	fourth	PROPN
cjrl-2328	83	97	amendment	amendment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	83	98	interests	interest	NOUN
cjrl-2328	83	99	against	against	ADP
cjrl-2328	83	100	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	83	101	countervailing	countervail	VERB
cjrl-2328	83	102	governmental	governmental	ADJ
cjrl-2328	83	103	interests	interest	NOUN
cjrl-2328	83	104	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	83	105	stake	stake	NOUN
cjrl-2328	83	106	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	84	1	”21	”21	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	84	2	ultimately	ultimately	ADV
cjrl-2328	84	3	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	84	4	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	84	5	question	question	NOUN
cjrl-2328	84	6	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	84	7	whether	whether	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	84	8	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	84	9	reasonable	reasonable	ADJ
cjrl-2328	84	10	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	84	11	would	would	AUX
cjrl-2328	84	12	have	have	AUX
cjrl-2328	84	13	believed	believe	VERB
cjrl-2328	84	14	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	84	15	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	84	16	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	84	17	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	84	18	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	84	19	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	84	20	necessary	necessary	ADJ
cjrl-2328	84	21	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	85	1	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	85	2	court	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	85	3	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	85	4	graham	graham	PROPN
cjrl-2328	85	5	outlined	outline	VERB
cjrl-2328	85	6	three	three	NUM
cjrl-2328	85	7	factors	factor	NOUN
cjrl-2328	85	8	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	85	9	consider	consider	VERB
cjrl-2328	85	10	:	:	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	85	11	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	85	12	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	85	13	severity	severity	NOUN
cjrl-2328	85	14	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	85	15	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	85	16	crime	crime	NOUN
cjrl-2328	85	17	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	85	18	issue	issue	NOUN
cjrl-2328	85	19	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	85	20	whether	whether	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	85	21	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	85	22	suspect	suspect	NOUN
cjrl-2328	85	23	poses	pose	VERB
cjrl-2328	85	24	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	85	25	immediate	immediate	ADJ
cjrl-2328	85	26	threat	threat	NOUN
cjrl-2328	85	27	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	85	28	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	85	29	safety	safety	NOUN
cjrl-2328	85	30	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	85	31	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	85	32	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	85	33	or	or	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	85	34	others	other	NOUN
cjrl-2328	85	35	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	85	36	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	85	37	whether	whether	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	85	38	he	he	PRON
cjrl-2328	85	39	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	85	40	actively	actively	ADV
cjrl-2328	85	41	resisting	resist	VERB
cjrl-2328	85	42	arrest	arrest	NOUN
cjrl-2328	85	43	or	or	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	85	44	attempting	attempt	VERB
cjrl-2328	85	45	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	85	46	evade	evade	VERB
cjrl-2328	85	47	arrest	arrest	NOUN
cjrl-2328	85	48	by	by	ADP
cjrl-2328	85	49	flight	flight	NOUN
cjrl-2328	85	50	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	86	1	”22	”22	PROPN
cjrl-2328	87	1	16	16	NUM
cjrl-2328	87	2	tennessee	tennessee	PROPN
cjrl-2328	87	3	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	87	4	garner	garner	PROPN
cjrl-2328	87	5	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	87	6	471	471	NUM
cjrl-2328	87	7	u.s	u.s	PROPN
cjrl-2328	87	8	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	87	9	1	1	NUM
cjrl-2328	87	10	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	87	11	8–9	8–9	NUM
cjrl-2328	87	12	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	87	13	1985	1985	NUM
cjrl-2328	87	14	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	87	15	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	87	16	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	87	17	question	question	NOUN
cjrl-2328	87	18	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	87	19	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	87	20	decided	decide	VERB
cjrl-2328	87	21	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	87	22	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	87	23	whether	whether	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	87	24	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	87	25	totality	totality	NOUN
cjrl-2328	87	26	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	87	27	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	87	28	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	87	29	justifie[s	justifie[s	PROPN
cjrl-2328	87	30	]	]	X
cjrl-2328	87	31	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	87	32	particular	particular	ADJ
cjrl-2328	87	33	sort	sort	NOUN
cjrl-2328	87	34	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	87	35	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	87	36	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	87	37	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	88	1	seizure	seizure	VERB
cjrl-2328	88	2	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	88	3	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	88	4	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	88	5	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	89	1	17	17	NUM
cjrl-2328	89	2	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	89	3	pertinent	pertinent	ADJ
cjrl-2328	89	4	part	part	NOUN
cjrl-2328	89	5	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	89	6	42	42	NUM
cjrl-2328	89	7	u.s.c	u.s.c	ADJ
cjrl-2328	89	8	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	90	1	§	§	PROPN
cjrl-2328	90	2	1983	1983	NUM
cjrl-2328	90	3	provides	provide	VERB
cjrl-2328	90	4	as	as	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	90	5	follows	follow	VERB
cjrl-2328	90	6	:	:	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	90	7	every	every	DET
cjrl-2328	90	8	person	person	NOUN
cjrl-2328	90	9	who	who	PRON
cjrl-2328	90	10	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	90	11	under	under	ADP
cjrl-2328	90	12	color	color	NOUN
cjrl-2328	90	13	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	90	14	any	any	DET
cjrl-2328	90	15	statute	statute	NOUN
cjrl-2328	90	16	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	90	17	ordinance	ordinance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	90	18	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	90	19	regulation	regulation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	90	20	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	90	21	custom	custom	NOUN
cjrl-2328	90	22	or	or	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	90	23	usage	usage	NOUN
cjrl-2328	90	24	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	90	25	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	90	26	any	any	DET
cjrl-2328	90	27	state	state	NOUN
cjrl-2328	90	28	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	90	29	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	91	1	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	92	1	subjects	subject	NOUN
cjrl-2328	92	2	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	92	3	or	or	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	92	4	causes	cause	VERB
cjrl-2328	92	5	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	92	6	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	92	7	subjected	subject	VERB
cjrl-2328	92	8	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	92	9	any	any	DET
cjrl-2328	92	10	citizen	citizen	NOUN
cjrl-2328	92	11	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	92	12	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	92	13	united	united	PROPN
cjrl-2328	92	14	states	states	PROPN
cjrl-2328	92	15	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	92	16	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	92	17	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	93	1	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	93	2	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	93	3	deprivation	deprivation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	93	4	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	93	5	any	any	DET
cjrl-2328	93	6	rights	right	NOUN
cjrl-2328	93	7	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	93	8	privileges	privilege	NOUN
cjrl-2328	93	9	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	93	10	or	or	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	93	11	immunities	immunity	NOUN
cjrl-2328	93	12	secured	secure	VERB
cjrl-2328	93	13	by	by	ADP
cjrl-2328	93	14	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	93	15	constitution	constitution	NOUN
cjrl-2328	93	16	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	93	17	laws	law	NOUN
cjrl-2328	93	18	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	93	19	shall	shall	AUX
cjrl-2328	93	20	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	93	21	liable	liable	ADJ
cjrl-2328	93	22	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	93	23	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	93	24	party	party	NOUN
cjrl-2328	93	25	injured	injure	VERB
cjrl-2328	93	26	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	93	27	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	93	28	action	action	NOUN
cjrl-2328	93	29	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	93	30	law	law	NOUN
cjrl-2328	93	31	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	94	1	18	18	NUM
cjrl-2328	94	2	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	94	3	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	94	4	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	94	5	395	395	NUM
cjrl-2328	94	6	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	94	7	19	19	NUM
cjrl-2328	94	8	anderson	anderson	PROPN
cjrl-2328	94	9	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	94	10	creighton	creighton	PROPN
cjrl-2328	94	11	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	94	12	483	483	NUM
cjrl-2328	94	13	u.s	u.s	PROPN
cjrl-2328	94	14	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	94	15	635	635	NUM
cjrl-2328	94	16	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	94	17	639	639	NUM
cjrl-2328	94	18	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	94	19	1987	1987	NUM
cjrl-2328	94	20	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	94	21	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	94	22	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	94	23	whether	whether	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	94	24	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	94	25	official	official	NOUN
cjrl-2328	94	26	protected	protect	VERB
cjrl-2328	94	27	by	by	ADP
cjrl-2328	94	28	qualified	qualified	ADJ
cjrl-2328	94	29	immunity	immunity	NOUN
cjrl-2328	94	30	may	may	AUX
cjrl-2328	94	31	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	94	32	held	hold	VERB
cjrl-2328	94	33	personally	personally	ADV
cjrl-2328	94	34	liable	liable	ADJ
cjrl-2328	94	35	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	94	36	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	94	37	allegedly	allegedly	ADV
cjrl-2328	94	38	unlawful	unlawful	ADJ
cjrl-2328	94	39	official	official	ADJ
cjrl-2328	94	40	action	action	NOUN
cjrl-2328	94	41	generally	generally	ADV
cjrl-2328	94	42	turns	turn	VERB
cjrl-2328	94	43	on	on	ADP
cjrl-2328	94	44	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	94	45	‘	'	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	94	46	objective	objective	ADJ
cjrl-2328	94	47	legal	legal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	94	48	reasonableness	reasonableness	NOUN
cjrl-2328	94	49	’	'	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	94	50	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	94	51	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	94	52	action	action	NOUN
cjrl-2328	94	53	assessed	assess	VERB
cjrl-2328	94	54	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	94	55	light	light	NOUN
cjrl-2328	94	56	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	94	57	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	94	58	legal	legal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	94	59	rules	rule	NOUN
cjrl-2328	94	60	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	94	61	were	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	94	62	‘	'	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	94	63	clearly	clearly	ADV
cjrl-2328	94	64	established	establish	VERB
cjrl-2328	94	65	’	'	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	94	66	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	94	67	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	94	68	time	time	NOUN
cjrl-2328	94	69	it	it	PRON
cjrl-2328	94	70	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	94	71	taken	take	VERB
cjrl-2328	94	72	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	94	73	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	94	74	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	94	75	quoting	quote	VERB
cjrl-2328	94	76	harlow	harlow	PROPN
cjrl-2328	94	77	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	94	78	fitzgerald	fitzgerald	PROPN
cjrl-2328	94	79	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	94	80	457	457	NUM
cjrl-2328	94	81	u.s	u.s	PROPN
cjrl-2328	94	82	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	94	83	800	800	NUM
cjrl-2328	94	84	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	94	85	818–19	818–19	NUM
cjrl-2328	94	86	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	94	87	1982	1982	NUM
cjrl-2328	94	88	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	94	89	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	94	90	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	95	1	20	20	NUM
cjrl-2328	95	2	graham	graham	PROPN
cjrl-2328	95	3	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	95	4	connor	connor	PROPN
cjrl-2328	95	5	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	95	6	490	490	NUM
cjrl-2328	95	7	u.s	u.s	PROPN
cjrl-2328	95	8	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	95	9	386	386	NUM
cjrl-2328	95	10	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	95	11	1989	1989	NUM
cjrl-2328	95	12	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	95	13	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	96	1	21	21	NUM
cjrl-2328	97	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	97	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	97	3	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	97	4	396	396	NUM
cjrl-2328	97	5	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	97	6	quoting	quote	VERB
cjrl-2328	97	7	united	united	PROPN
cjrl-2328	97	8	states	states	PROPN
cjrl-2328	97	9	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	97	10	place	place	PROPN
cjrl-2328	97	11	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	97	12	462	462	NUM
cjrl-2328	97	13	u.s	u.s	PROPN
cjrl-2328	97	14	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	97	15	696	696	NUM
cjrl-2328	97	16	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	97	17	703	703	NUM
cjrl-2328	97	18	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	97	19	1983	1983	NUM
cjrl-2328	97	20	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	97	21	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	97	22	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	97	23	22	22	NUM
cjrl-2328	98	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	98	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	98	3	8	8	PROPN
cjrl-2328	98	4	columbia	columbia	PROPN
cjrl-2328	98	5	journal	journal	PROPN
cjrl-2328	98	6	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	98	7	race	race	NOUN
cjrl-2328	98	8	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	98	9	law	law	NOUN
cjrl-2328	99	1	[	[	X
cjrl-2328	99	2	vol	vol	NOUN
cjrl-2328	99	3	.	.	NOUN
cjrl-2328	99	4	8:1	8:1	NUM
cjrl-2328	99	5	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	99	6	totality	totality	NOUN
cjrl-2328	99	7	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	99	8	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	99	9	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	99	10	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cjrl-2328	99	11	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	99	12	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	99	13	court	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	99	14	explained	explain	VERB
cjrl-2328	99	15	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	99	16	must	must	AUX
cjrl-2328	99	17	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	99	18	conducted	conduct	VERB
cjrl-2328	99	19	from	from	ADP
cjrl-2328	99	20	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	99	21	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	99	22	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	99	23	perspective	perspective	NOUN
cjrl-2328	99	24	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	99	25	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	99	26	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	99	27	moment	moment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	99	28	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	99	29	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	99	30	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	99	31	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	99	32	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	99	33	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	99	34	occurred.23	occurred.23	PROPN
cjrl-2328	99	35	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	99	36	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	99	37	every	every	DET
cjrl-2328	99	38	push	push	NOUN
cjrl-2328	99	39	or	or	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	99	40	shove	shove	VERB
cjrl-2328	99	41	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	99	42	even	even	ADV
cjrl-2328	99	43	if	if	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	99	44	it	it	PRON
cjrl-2328	99	45	may	may	AUX
cjrl-2328	99	46	later	later	ADV
cjrl-2328	99	47	seem	seem	VERB
cjrl-2328	99	48	unnecessary	unnecessary	ADJ
cjrl-2328	99	49	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	99	50	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	99	51	peace	peace	NOUN
cjrl-2328	99	52	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	99	53	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	99	54	judge	judge	NOUN
cjrl-2328	99	55	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	99	56	chambers	chamber	NOUN
cjrl-2328	99	57	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	99	58	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	100	1	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	101	1	violates	violate	VERB
cjrl-2328	101	2	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	101	3	fourth	fourth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	101	4	amendment	amendment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	101	5	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	101	6	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	102	1	24	24	NUM
cjrl-2328	102	2	instead	instead	ADV
cjrl-2328	102	3	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	102	4	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	102	5	calculus	calculus	NOUN
cjrl-2328	102	6	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	102	7	reasonableness	reasonableness	NOUN
cjrl-2328	102	8	must	must	AUX
cjrl-2328	102	9	allow	allow	VERB
cjrl-2328	102	10	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	102	11	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	102	12	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	102	13	fact	fact	NOUN
cjrl-2328	102	14	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	102	15	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	102	16	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	102	17	are	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	102	18	often	often	ADV
cjrl-2328	102	19	forced	force	VERB
cjrl-2328	102	20	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	102	21	make	make	VERB
cjrl-2328	102	22	split	split	ADJ
cjrl-2328	102	23	-	-	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	102	24	second	second	NOUN
cjrl-2328	102	25	judgments	judgment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	102	26	—	—	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	102	27	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	102	28	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	102	29	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	102	30	are	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	102	31	tense	tense	ADJ
cjrl-2328	102	32	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	102	33	uncertain	uncertain	ADJ
cjrl-2328	102	34	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	102	35	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	102	36	rapidly	rapidly	ADV
cjrl-2328	102	37	evolving	evolve	VERB
cjrl-2328	102	38	—	—	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	102	39	about	about	ADP
cjrl-2328	102	40	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	102	41	amount	amount	NOUN
cjrl-2328	102	42	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	102	43	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	102	44	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	102	45	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	102	46	necessary	necessary	ADJ
cjrl-2328	102	47	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	102	48	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	102	49	particular	particular	ADJ
cjrl-2328	102	50	situation	situation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	102	51	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	103	1	”25	”25	ADJ
cjrl-2328	103	2	following	follow	VERB
cjrl-2328	103	3	graham	graham	PROPN
cjrl-2328	103	4	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	103	5	connor	connor	PROPN
cjrl-2328	103	6	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	103	7	lower	low	ADJ
cjrl-2328	103	8	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	103	9	were	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	103	10	left	leave	VERB
cjrl-2328	103	11	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	103	12	interpret	interpret	VERB
cjrl-2328	103	13	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	103	14	relevant	relevant	ADJ
cjrl-2328	103	15	timeframe	timeframe	NOUN
cjrl-2328	103	16	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	103	17	evaluating	evaluate	VERB
cjrl-2328	103	18	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	103	19	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	103	20	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	103	21	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	103	22	under	under	ADP
cjrl-2328	103	23	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	103	24	excessive	excessive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	103	25	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	103	26	claim.26	claim.26	VERB
cjrl-2328	103	27	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	103	28	approaches	approach	NOUN
cjrl-2328	103	29	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	103	30	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	103	31	different	different	ADJ
cjrl-2328	103	32	federal	federal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	103	33	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	103	34	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	103	35	appeal	appeal	NOUN
cjrl-2328	103	36	can	can	AUX
cjrl-2328	103	37	generally	generally	ADV
cjrl-2328	103	38	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	103	39	divided	divide	VERB
cjrl-2328	103	40	into	into	ADP
cjrl-2328	103	41	three	three	NUM
cjrl-2328	103	42	groups	group	NOUN
cjrl-2328	103	43	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	104	1	first	first	ADV
cjrl-2328	104	2	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	104	3	there	there	PRON
cjrl-2328	104	4	are	be	VERB
cjrl-2328	104	5	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	104	6	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	104	7	hold	hold	VERB
cjrl-2328	104	8	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	104	9	preseizure	preseizure	NOUN
cjrl-2328	104	10	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	104	11	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	104	12	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	104	13	never	never	ADV
cjrl-2328	104	14	relevant	relevant	ADJ
cjrl-2328	104	15	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	105	1	second	second	ADJ
cjrl-2328	105	2	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	105	3	some	some	DET
cjrl-2328	105	4	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	105	5	apply	apply	VERB
cjrl-2328	105	6	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	105	7	segmented	segment	VERB
cjrl-2328	105	8	approach	approach	NOUN
cjrl-2328	105	9	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	105	10	considering	consider	VERB
cjrl-2328	105	11	allegations	allegation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	105	12	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	105	13	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	105	14	misconduct	misconduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	105	15	earlier	early	ADV
cjrl-2328	105	16	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	105	17	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	105	18	encounter	encounter	NOUN
cjrl-2328	105	19	separately	separately	ADV
cjrl-2328	105	20	from	from	ADP
cjrl-2328	105	21	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	105	22	alleged	allege	VERB
cjrl-2328	105	23	seizure	seizure	NOUN
cjrl-2328	105	24	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	105	25	constituted	constitute	VERB
cjrl-2328	105	26	excessive	excessive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	105	27	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	105	28	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	106	1	third	third	ADJ
cjrl-2328	106	2	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	106	3	some	some	DET
cjrl-2328	106	4	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	106	5	apply	apply	VERB
cjrl-2328	106	6	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	106	7	test	test	NOUN
cjrl-2328	106	8	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	106	9	considers	consider	VERB
cjrl-2328	106	10	how	how	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	106	11	attenuated	attenuated	ADJ
cjrl-2328	106	12	earlier	early	ADJ
cjrl-2328	106	13	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	106	14	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	106	15	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	106	16	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	106	17	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	106	18	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	106	19	employed	employ	VERB
cjrl-2328	106	20	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	106	21	order	order	NOUN
cjrl-2328	106	22	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	106	23	determine	determine	VERB
cjrl-2328	106	24	whether	whether	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	106	25	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	106	26	admit	admit	VERB
cjrl-2328	106	27	evidence	evidence	NOUN
cjrl-2328	106	28	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	106	29	pre	pre	VERB
cjrl-2328	106	30	-	-	ADJ
cjrl-2328	106	31	seizure	seizure	ADJ
cjrl-2328	106	32	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	106	33	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	107	1	23	23	NUM
cjrl-2328	108	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	108	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	108	3	24	24	NUM
cjrl-2328	109	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	109	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	109	3	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	109	4	396–97	396–97	NUM
cjrl-2328	109	5	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	109	6	quoting	quote	VERB
cjrl-2328	109	7	johnson	johnson	PROPN
cjrl-2328	109	8	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	109	9	glick	glick	PROPN
cjrl-2328	109	10	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	109	11	481	481	NUM
cjrl-2328	109	12	f.2d	f.2d	NOUN
cjrl-2328	109	13	1028	1028	NUM
cjrl-2328	109	14	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	109	15	1033	1033	NUM
cjrl-2328	109	16	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	109	17	2d	2d	NUM
cjrl-2328	109	18	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	109	19	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	109	20	1973	1973	NUM
cjrl-2328	109	21	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	109	22	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	109	23	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	110	1	25	25	NUM
cjrl-2328	111	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	111	2	d.	d.	NOUN
cjrl-2328	111	3	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	111	4	396	396	NUM
cjrl-2328	111	5	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	112	1	26	26	NUM
cjrl-2328	112	2	see	see	VERB
cjrl-2328	112	3	aaron	aaron	PROPN
cjrl-2328	112	4	kimber	kimber	PROPN
cjrl-2328	112	5	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	112	6	righteous	righteous	ADJ
cjrl-2328	112	7	shooting	shooting	NOUN
cjrl-2328	112	8	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	112	9	unreasonable	unreasonable	ADJ
cjrl-2328	112	10	seizure	seizure	NOUN
cjrl-2328	112	11	?	?	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	113	1	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	113	2	relevance	relevance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	113	3	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	113	4	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	113	5	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	113	6	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	113	7	pre	pre	VERB
cjrl-2328	113	8	-	-	ADJ
cjrl-2328	113	9	seizure	seizure	ADJ
cjrl-2328	113	10	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	113	11	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	113	12	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	113	13	excessive	excessive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	113	14	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	113	15	claim	claim	NOUN
cjrl-2328	113	16	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	113	17	13	13	NUM
cjrl-2328	113	18	wm	wm	PROPN
cjrl-2328	113	19	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	113	20	&	&	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	113	21	mary	mary	PROPN
cjrl-2328	113	22	bill	bill	PROPN
cjrl-2328	113	23	rts	rts	PROPN
cjrl-2328	113	24	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	114	1	j.	j.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	114	2	651	651	PROPN
cjrl-2328	114	3	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	114	4	654	654	NUM
cjrl-2328	114	5	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	114	6	2004	2004	NUM
cjrl-2328	114	7	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	114	8	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	114	9	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	114	10	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	114	11	specific	specific	ADJ
cjrl-2328	114	12	set	set	NOUN
cjrl-2328	114	13	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	114	14	factors	factor	NOUN
cjrl-2328	114	15	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	114	16	fall	fall	VERB
cjrl-2328	114	17	within	within	ADP
cjrl-2328	114	18	[	[	X
cjrl-2328	114	19	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	114	20	totality	totality	NOUN
cjrl-2328	114	21	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	114	22	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	114	23	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	114	24	test	test	NOUN
cjrl-2328	114	25	]	]	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	114	26	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	114	27	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	114	28	clear	clear	ADJ
cjrl-2328	114	29	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	114	30	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	114	31	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	114	32	circuits	circuit	NOUN
cjrl-2328	114	33	have	have	AUX
cjrl-2328	114	34	split	split	VERB
cjrl-2328	114	35	on	on	ADP
cjrl-2328	114	36	whether	whether	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	114	37	pre	pre	VERB
cjrl-2328	114	38	-	-	ADJ
cjrl-2328	114	39	seizure	seizure	ADJ
cjrl-2328	114	40	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	114	41	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	114	42	leading	lead	VERB
cjrl-2328	114	43	up	up	ADP
cjrl-2328	114	44	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	114	45	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	114	46	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	114	47	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	114	48	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	114	49	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	114	50	within	within	ADP
cjrl-2328	114	51	its	its	PRON
cjrl-2328	114	52	scope	scope	NOUN
cjrl-2328	114	53	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	114	54	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	114	55	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	115	1	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	115	2	collecting	collect	VERB
cjrl-2328	115	3	cases	case	NOUN
cjrl-2328	115	4	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	115	5	;	;	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	115	6	michael	michael	PROPN
cjrl-2328	115	7	avery	avery	PROPN
cjrl-2328	115	8	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	115	9	unreasonable	unreasonable	ADJ
cjrl-2328	115	10	seizures	seizure	NOUN
cjrl-2328	115	11	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	115	12	unreasonable	unreasonable	ADJ
cjrl-2328	115	13	people	people	NOUN
cjrl-2328	115	14	:	:	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	115	15	defining	define	VERB
cjrl-2328	115	16	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	115	17	totality	totality	NOUN
cjrl-2328	115	18	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	115	19	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	115	20	relevant	relevant	ADJ
cjrl-2328	115	21	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	115	22	assessing	assess	VERB
cjrl-2328	115	23	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	115	24	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	115	25	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	115	26	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	115	27	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	115	28	against	against	ADP
cjrl-2328	115	29	emotionally	emotionally	ADV
cjrl-2328	115	30	disturbed	disturbed	ADJ
cjrl-2328	115	31	people	people	NOUN
cjrl-2328	115	32	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	115	33	34	34	NUM
cjrl-2328	115	34	colum	colum	NOUN
cjrl-2328	115	35	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	116	1	hum	hum	PROPN
cjrl-2328	116	2	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	117	1	rts	rts	PROPN
cjrl-2328	117	2	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	118	1	l.	l.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	118	2	rev	rev	PROPN
cjrl-2328	118	3	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	118	4	261	261	NUM
cjrl-2328	118	5	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	118	6	265	265	NUM
cjrl-2328	118	7	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	118	8	2003	2003	NUM
cjrl-2328	118	9	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	118	10	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	118	11	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	118	12	while	while	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	118	13	some	some	DET
cjrl-2328	118	14	circuits	circuit	NOUN
cjrl-2328	118	15	have	have	AUX
cjrl-2328	118	16	held	hold	VERB
cjrl-2328	118	17	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	118	18	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	118	19	’	’	PART
cjrl-2328	118	20	actions	action	NOUN
cjrl-2328	118	21	leading	lead	VERB
cjrl-2328	118	22	up	up	ADP
cjrl-2328	118	23	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	118	24	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	118	25	violent	violent	ADJ
cjrl-2328	118	26	incident	incident	NOUN
cjrl-2328	118	27	should	should	AUX
cjrl-2328	118	28	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	118	29	taken	take	VERB
cjrl-2328	118	30	into	into	ADP
cjrl-2328	118	31	account	account	NOUN
cjrl-2328	118	32	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	118	33	assessing	assess	VERB
cjrl-2328	118	34	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	118	35	reasonableness	reasonableness	NOUN
cjrl-2328	118	36	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	118	37	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	118	38	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	118	39	’	’	PART
cjrl-2328	118	40	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	118	41	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	118	42	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	118	43	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	118	44	others	other	NOUN
cjrl-2328	118	45	have	have	AUX
cjrl-2328	118	46	taken	take	VERB
cjrl-2328	118	47	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	118	48	narrower	narrow	ADJ
cjrl-2328	118	49	view	view	NOUN
cjrl-2328	118	50	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	118	51	holding	hold	VERB
cjrl-2328	118	52	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	118	53	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	118	54	actions	action	NOUN
cjrl-2328	118	55	prior	prior	ADV
cjrl-2328	118	56	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	118	57	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	118	58	shooting	shooting	NOUN
cjrl-2328	118	59	are	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	118	60	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	118	61	relevant	relevant	ADJ
cjrl-2328	118	62	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	118	63	assessing	assess	VERB
cjrl-2328	118	64	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	118	65	reasonableness	reasonableness	NOUN
cjrl-2328	118	66	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	118	67	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	118	68	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	118	69	used	use	VERB
cjrl-2328	118	70	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	118	71	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	118	72	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	118	73	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	118	74	collecting	collect	VERB
cjrl-2328	118	75	cases	case	NOUN
cjrl-2328	118	76	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	118	77	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	119	1	no	no	INTJ
cjrl-2328	119	2	.	.	NOUN
cjrl-2328	119	3	1:1	1:1	NUM
cjrl-2328	119	4	]	]	X
cjrl-2328	119	5	dismantling	dismantle	VERB
cjrl-2328	119	6	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	119	7	trap	trap	NOUN
cjrl-2328	119	8	9	9	NUM
cjrl-2328	119	9	importantly	importantly	ADV
cjrl-2328	119	10	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	119	11	all	all	DET
cjrl-2328	119	12	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	119	13	consider	consider	VERB
cjrl-2328	119	14	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	119	15	civilian	civilian	NOUN
cjrl-2328	119	16	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	119	17	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	119	18	as	as	ADP
cjrl-2328	119	19	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	119	20	factor	factor	NOUN
cjrl-2328	119	21	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	119	22	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	119	23	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cjrl-2328	119	24	;	;	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	119	25	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	119	26	disagreement	disagreement	NOUN
cjrl-2328	119	27	lies	lie	VERB
cjrl-2328	119	28	only	only	ADV
cjrl-2328	119	29	as	as	ADP
cjrl-2328	119	30	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	119	31	whether	whether	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	119	32	it	it	PRON
cjrl-2328	119	33	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	119	34	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
cjrl-2328	119	35	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	119	36	consider	consider	VERB
cjrl-2328	119	37	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	119	38	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	119	39	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	119	40	pre	pre	VERB
cjrl-2328	119	41	-	-	ADJ
cjrl-2328	119	42	seizure	seizure	ADJ
cjrl-2328	119	43	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	119	44	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	120	1	iii	iii	X
cjrl-2328	120	2	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	121	1	evaluating	evaluate	VERB
cjrl-2328	121	2	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	121	3	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	121	4	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	121	5	excessive	excessive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	121	6	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	121	7	claims	claim	VERB
cjrl-2328	121	8	a.	a.	NOUN
cjrl-2328	121	9	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	121	10	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	121	11	exclude	exclude	VERB
cjrl-2328	121	12	all	all	PRON
cjrl-2328	121	13	pre	pre	ADJ
cjrl-2328	121	14	-	-	ADJ
cjrl-2328	121	15	seizure	seizure	ADJ
cjrl-2328	121	16	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	121	17	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	121	18	second	second	ADJ
cjrl-2328	121	19	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	121	20	eighth	eighth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	121	21	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	121	22	eleventh	eleventh	ADJ
cjrl-2328	121	23	circuits	circuit	NOUN
cjrl-2328	121	24	have	have	AUX
cjrl-2328	121	25	generally	generally	ADV
cjrl-2328	121	26	held	hold	VERB
cjrl-2328	121	27	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	121	28	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	121	29	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	121	30	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	121	31	pre	pre	VERB
cjrl-2328	121	32	-	-	ADJ
cjrl-2328	121	33	seizure	seizure	ADJ
cjrl-2328	121	34	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	121	35	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	121	36	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	121	37	relevant	relevant	ADJ
cjrl-2328	121	38	under	under	ADP
cjrl-2328	121	39	graham.27	graham.27	PROPN
cjrl-2328	121	40	these	these	DET
cjrl-2328	121	41	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	121	42	rely	rely	VERB
cjrl-2328	121	43	on	on	ADP
cjrl-2328	121	44	language	language	NOUN
cjrl-2328	121	45	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	121	46	graham	graham	PROPN
cjrl-2328	121	47	stating	state	VERB
cjrl-2328	121	48	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	121	49	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	121	50	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cjrl-2328	121	51	should	should	AUX
cjrl-2328	121	52	consider	consider	VERB
cjrl-2328	121	53	what	what	PRON
cjrl-2328	121	54	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	121	55	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	121	56	knew	know	VERB
cjrl-2328	121	57	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	121	58	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	121	59	moment	moment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	121	60	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	121	61	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	121	62	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	121	63	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	121	64	occurred	occur	VERB
cjrl-2328	121	65	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	121	66	since	since	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	121	67	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	121	68	are	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	121	69	forced	force	VERB
cjrl-2328	121	70	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	121	71	make	make	VERB
cjrl-2328	121	72	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	121	73	split	split	ADJ
cjrl-2328	121	74	-	-	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	121	75	second	second	NOUN
cjrl-2328	121	76	judgments	judgment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	121	77	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	122	1	”28	”28	NOUN
cjrl-2328	122	2	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	122	3	excluding	exclude	VERB
cjrl-2328	122	4	pre	pre	VERB
cjrl-2328	122	5	-	-	ADJ
cjrl-2328	122	6	seizure	seizure	ADJ
cjrl-2328	122	7	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	122	8	reason	reason	NOUN
cjrl-2328	122	9	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	122	10	reasonableness	reasonableness	NOUN
cjrl-2328	122	11	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	122	12	determined	determine	VERB
cjrl-2328	122	13	based	base	VERB
cjrl-2328	122	14	only	only	ADV
cjrl-2328	122	15	on	on	ADP
cjrl-2328	122	16	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	122	17	information	information	NOUN
cjrl-2328	122	18	possessed	possess	VERB
cjrl-2328	122	19	by	by	ADP
cjrl-2328	122	20	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	122	21	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	122	22	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	122	23	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	122	24	moment	moment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	122	25	that	that	DET
cjrl-2328	122	26	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	122	27	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	122	28	employed	employ	VERB
cjrl-2328	122	29	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	123	1	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	123	2	example	example	NOUN
cjrl-2328	123	3	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	123	4	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	123	5	schulz	schulz	PROPN
cjrl-2328	123	6	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	123	7	long	long	ADV
cjrl-2328	123	8	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	123	9	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	123	10	eighth	eighth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	123	11	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cjrl-2328	123	12	held	hold	VERB
cjrl-2328	123	13	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	123	14	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	123	15	plaintiff	plaintiff	NOUN
cjrl-2328	123	16	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	123	17	evidence	evidence	NOUN
cjrl-2328	123	18	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	123	19	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	123	20	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	123	21	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	123	22	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	123	23	prior	prior	ADV
cjrl-2328	123	24	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	123	25	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	123	26	moment	moment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	123	27	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	123	28	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	123	29	seizure	seizure	NOUN
cjrl-2328	123	30	led	lead	VERB
cjrl-2328	123	31	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	123	32	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	123	33	need	need	NOUN
cjrl-2328	123	34	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	123	35	use	use	VERB
cjrl-2328	123	36	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	123	37	must	must	AUX
cjrl-2328	123	38	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	123	39	excluded	exclude	VERB
cjrl-2328	123	40	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	124	1	29	29	NUM
cjrl-2328	124	2	schulz	schulz	PROPN
cjrl-2328	124	3	involved	involve	VERB
cjrl-2328	124	4	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	124	5	paranoid	paranoid	ADJ
cjrl-2328	124	6	schizophrenic	schizophrenic	NOUN
cjrl-2328	124	7	who	who	PRON
cjrl-2328	124	8	barricaded	barricade	VERB
cjrl-2328	124	9	himself	himself	PRON
cjrl-2328	124	10	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	124	11	his	his	PRON
cjrl-2328	124	12	parents	parent	NOUN
cjrl-2328	124	13	’	’	PART
cjrl-2328	124	14	basement	basement	NOUN
cjrl-2328	124	15	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	125	1	his	his	PRON
cjrl-2328	125	2	parents	parent	NOUN
cjrl-2328	125	3	called	call	VERB
cjrl-2328	125	4	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	125	5	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	125	6	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	125	7	help	help	NOUN
cjrl-2328	125	8	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	126	1	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	126	2	schulz	schulz	PROPN
cjrl-2328	126	3	court	court	PROPN
cjrl-2328	126	4	declined	decline	VERB
cjrl-2328	126	5	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	126	6	consider	consider	VERB
cjrl-2328	126	7	whether	whether	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	126	8	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	126	9	27	27	NUM
cjrl-2328	126	10	see	see	NOUN
cjrl-2328	126	11	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	126	12	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
cjrl-2328	126	13	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	126	14	salim	salim	PROPN
cjrl-2328	126	15	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	126	16	proulx	proulx	PROPN
cjrl-2328	126	17	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	126	18	93	93	NUM
cjrl-2328	126	19	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	126	20	86	86	NUM
cjrl-2328	126	21	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	126	22	92	92	NUM
cjrl-2328	126	23	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	126	24	2d	2d	NUM
cjrl-2328	126	25	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	126	26	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	126	27	1996	1996	NUM
cjrl-2328	126	28	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	126	29	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	126	30	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	126	31	[	[	X
cjrl-2328	126	32	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	126	33	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	126	34	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	126	35	]	]	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	126	36	actions	action	NOUN
cjrl-2328	126	37	leading	lead	VERB
cjrl-2328	126	38	up	up	ADP
cjrl-2328	126	39	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	126	40	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	126	41	shooting	shooting	NOUN
cjrl-2328	126	42	are	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	126	43	irrelevant	irrelevant	ADJ
cjrl-2328	126	44	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	126	45	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	126	46	objective	objective	ADJ
cjrl-2328	126	47	reasonableness	reasonableness	NOUN
cjrl-2328	126	48	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	126	49	his	his	PRON
cjrl-2328	126	50	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	126	51	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	126	52	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	126	53	moment	moment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	126	54	he	he	PRON
cjrl-2328	126	55	decided	decide	VERB
cjrl-2328	126	56	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	126	57	employ	employ	VERB
cjrl-2328	126	58	deadly	deadly	ADJ
cjrl-2328	126	59	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	126	60	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	126	61	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	126	62	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	126	63	;	;	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	126	64	cole	cole	PROPN
cjrl-2328	126	65	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	126	66	bone	bone	PROPN
cjrl-2328	126	67	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	126	68	993	993	NUM
cjrl-2328	126	69	f.2d	f.2d	NOUN
cjrl-2328	126	70	1328	1328	NUM
cjrl-2328	126	71	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	126	72	1333	1333	NUM
cjrl-2328	126	73	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	126	74	8th	8th	ADJ
cjrl-2328	126	75	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	126	76	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	126	77	1993	1993	NUM
cjrl-2328	126	78	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	126	79	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	126	80	holding	hold	VERB
cjrl-2328	126	81	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	126	82	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	126	83	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	126	84	chase	chase	NOUN
cjrl-2328	126	85	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	126	86	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	126	87	fleeing	flee	VERB
cjrl-2328	126	88	tractor	tractor	NOUN
cjrl-2328	126	89	trailer	trailer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	126	90	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	126	91	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	126	92	relevant	relevant	ADJ
cjrl-2328	126	93	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	126	94	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	126	95	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ
cjrl-2328	126	96	shooting	shooting	NOUN
cjrl-2328	126	97	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	126	98	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	126	99	civilian	civilian	ADJ
cjrl-2328	126	100	driver	driver	NOUN
cjrl-2328	126	101	because	because	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	126	102	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	126	103	should	should	AUX
cjrl-2328	126	104	consider	consider	VERB
cjrl-2328	126	105	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	126	106	only	only	ADV
cjrl-2328	126	107	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	126	108	seizure	seizure	NOUN
cjrl-2328	126	109	itself	itself	PRON
cjrl-2328	126	110	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	126	111	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	126	112	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	126	113	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	126	114	events	event	NOUN
cjrl-2328	126	115	leading	lead	VERB
cjrl-2328	126	116	up	up	ADP
cjrl-2328	126	117	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	126	118	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	126	119	seizure	seizure	NOUN
cjrl-2328	126	120	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	126	121	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	126	122	reasonableness	reasonableness	NOUN
cjrl-2328	126	123	under	under	ADP
cjrl-2328	126	124	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	126	125	fourth	fourth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	126	126	amendment	amendment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	126	127	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	126	128	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	126	129	;	;	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	127	1	menuel	menuel	PROPN
cjrl-2328	127	2	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	127	3	city	city	PROPN
cjrl-2328	127	4	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	127	5	atlanta	atlanta	PROPN
cjrl-2328	127	6	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	127	7	25	25	NUM
cjrl-2328	127	8	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	127	9	990	990	NUM
cjrl-2328	127	10	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	127	11	997	997	NUM
cjrl-2328	127	12	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	127	13	11th	11th	ADJ
cjrl-2328	127	14	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	127	15	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	127	16	1994	1994	NUM
cjrl-2328	127	17	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	127	18	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	127	19	limiting	limit	VERB
cjrl-2328	127	20	review	review	NOUN
cjrl-2328	127	21	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	127	22	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	127	23	exact	exact	ADJ
cjrl-2328	127	24	moment	moment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	127	25	when	when	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	127	26	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	127	27	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	127	28	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	127	29	shooting	shooting	NOUN
cjrl-2328	127	30	began	begin	VERB
cjrl-2328	127	31	because	because	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	127	32	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	127	33	[	[	X
cjrl-2328	127	34	r]econsideration	r]econsideration	NOUN
cjrl-2328	127	35	will	will	AUX
cjrl-2328	127	36	nearly	nearly	ADV
cjrl-2328	127	37	always	always	ADV
cjrl-2328	127	38	reveal	reveal	VERB
cjrl-2328	127	39	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	127	40	something	something	PRON
cjrl-2328	127	41	different	different	ADJ
cjrl-2328	127	42	could	could	AUX
cjrl-2328	127	43	have	have	AUX
cjrl-2328	127	44	been	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	127	45	done	do	VERB
cjrl-2328	127	46	if	if	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	127	47	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	127	48	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	127	49	knew	know	VERB
cjrl-2328	127	50	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	127	51	future	future	NOUN
cjrl-2328	127	52	before	before	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	127	53	it	it	PRON
cjrl-2328	127	54	occurred	occur	VERB
cjrl-2328	127	55	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	127	56	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	127	57	quoting	quote	VERB
cjrl-2328	127	58	plakas	plakas	PROPN
cjrl-2328	127	59	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	127	60	drinski	drinski	PROPN
cjrl-2328	127	61	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	127	62	19	19	NUM
cjrl-2328	127	63	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	127	64	1143	1143	NUM
cjrl-2328	127	65	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	127	66	1150	1150	NUM
cjrl-2328	127	67	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	127	68	7th	7th	ADJ
cjrl-2328	127	69	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	127	70	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	127	71	1994	1994	NUM
cjrl-2328	127	72	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	127	73	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	127	74	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	127	75	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	128	1	28	28	NUM
cjrl-2328	128	2	graham	graham	PROPN
cjrl-2328	128	3	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	128	4	490	490	NUM
cjrl-2328	128	5	u.s	u.s	PROPN
cjrl-2328	128	6	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	128	7	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	128	8	397	397	NUM
cjrl-2328	128	9	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	128	10	29	29	NUM
cjrl-2328	128	11	schulz	schulz	PROPN
cjrl-2328	128	12	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	128	13	long	long	ADV
cjrl-2328	128	14	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	128	15	44	44	NUM
cjrl-2328	128	16	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	128	17	643	643	NUM
cjrl-2328	128	18	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	128	19	647–48	647–48	NUM
cjrl-2328	128	20	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	128	21	8th	8th	ADJ
cjrl-2328	128	22	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	128	23	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	128	24	1995	1995	NUM
cjrl-2328	128	25	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	128	26	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	129	1	10	10	NUM
cjrl-2328	129	2	columbia	columbia	PROPN
cjrl-2328	129	3	journal	journal	PROPN
cjrl-2328	129	4	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	129	5	race	race	NOUN
cjrl-2328	129	6	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	129	7	law	law	NOUN
cjrl-2328	129	8	[	[	X
cjrl-2328	129	9	vol	vol	NOUN
cjrl-2328	129	10	.	.	NOUN
cjrl-2328	129	11	8:1	8:1	NUM
cjrl-2328	129	12	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	129	13	mishandled	mishandle	VERB
cjrl-2328	129	14	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	129	15	events	event	NOUN
cjrl-2328	129	16	leading	lead	VERB
cjrl-2328	129	17	up	up	ADP
cjrl-2328	129	18	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	129	19	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	129	20	moment	moment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	129	21	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	129	22	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	129	23	shot	shoot	VERB
cjrl-2328	129	24	schulz.30	schulz.30	VERB
cjrl-2328	129	25	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	129	26	eighth	eighth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	129	27	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cjrl-2328	129	28	reasoned	reason	VERB
cjrl-2328	129	29	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	129	30	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	129	31	graham	graham	PROPN
cjrl-2328	129	32	court	court	PROPN
cjrl-2328	129	33	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	129	34	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	129	35	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	129	36	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	129	37	phrase	phrase	NOUN
cjrl-2328	129	38	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	129	39	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	129	40	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	129	41	moment	moment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	129	42	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	129	43	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	129	44	describing	describe	VERB
cjrl-2328	129	45	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	129	46	reasonableness	reasonableness	NOUN
cjrl-2328	129	47	inquiry	inquiry	NOUN
cjrl-2328	129	48	indicated	indicate	VERB
cjrl-2328	129	49	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	129	50	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	129	51	reasonableness	reasonableness	NOUN
cjrl-2328	129	52	review	review	NOUN
cjrl-2328	129	53	extends	extend	VERB
cjrl-2328	129	54	only	only	ADV
cjrl-2328	129	55	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	129	56	those	those	DET
cjrl-2328	129	57	facts	fact	NOUN
cjrl-2328	129	58	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	129	59	known	know	VERB
cjrl-2328	129	60	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	129	61	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	129	62	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	129	63	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	129	64	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	129	65	precise	precise	ADJ
cjrl-2328	129	66	moment	moment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	129	67	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	129	68	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	129	69	effectuate	effectuate	VERB
cjrl-2328	129	70	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	129	71	seizure	seizure	NOUN
cjrl-2328	129	72	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	129	73	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	130	1	31	31	NUM
cjrl-2328	130	2	these	these	DET
cjrl-2328	130	3	facts	fact	NOUN
cjrl-2328	130	4	included	include	VERB
cjrl-2328	130	5	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	130	6	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	130	7	plaintiff	plaintiff	NOUN
cjrl-2328	130	8	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	130	9	armed	arm	VERB
cjrl-2328	130	10	with	with	ADP
cjrl-2328	130	11	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	130	12	double	double	ADJ
cjrl-2328	130	13	-	-	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	130	14	bladed	bladed	ADJ
cjrl-2328	130	15	axe	axe	NOUN
cjrl-2328	130	16	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	131	1	according	accord	VERB
cjrl-2328	131	2	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	131	3	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	131	4	schulz	schulz	PROPN
cjrl-2328	131	5	court	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	131	6	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	131	7	because	because	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	131	8	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	131	9	seizure	seizure	NOUN
cjrl-2328	131	10	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	131	11	reasonable	reasonable	ADJ
cjrl-2328	131	12	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	131	13	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	131	14	moment	moment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	131	15	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	131	16	it	it	PRON
cjrl-2328	131	17	occurred	occur	VERB
cjrl-2328	131	18	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	131	19	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	131	20	facts	fact	NOUN
cjrl-2328	131	21	leading	lead	VERB
cjrl-2328	131	22	up	up	ADP
cjrl-2328	131	23	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	131	24	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	131	25	seizure	seizure	NOUN
cjrl-2328	131	26	were	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	131	27	irrelevant	irrelevant	ADJ
cjrl-2328	131	28	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	132	1	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	132	2	hold	hold	VERB
cjrl-2328	132	3	otherwise	otherwise	ADV
cjrl-2328	132	4	would	would	AUX
cjrl-2328	132	5	limit	limit	VERB
cjrl-2328	132	6	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	132	7	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	132	8	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	132	9	ability	ability	NOUN
cjrl-2328	132	10	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	132	11	defend	defend	VERB
cjrl-2328	132	12	himself	himself	PRON
cjrl-2328	132	13	during	during	ADP
cjrl-2328	132	14	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	132	15	rapidly	rapidly	ADV
cjrl-2328	132	16	evolving	evolve	VERB
cjrl-2328	132	17	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	132	18	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
cjrl-2328	132	19	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ
cjrl-2328	132	20	encounter	encounter	NOUN
cjrl-2328	132	21	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	133	1	b.	b.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	133	2	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	133	3	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	133	4	apply	apply	VERB
cjrl-2328	133	5	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	133	6	segmented	segmented	ADJ
cjrl-2328	133	7	approach	approach	NOUN
cjrl-2328	133	8	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	133	9	fourth	fourth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	133	10	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	133	11	fifth	fifth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	133	12	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	133	13	sixth	sixth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	133	14	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	133	15	seventh	seventh	ADJ
cjrl-2328	133	16	circuits	circuit	NOUN
cjrl-2328	133	17	have	have	AUX
cjrl-2328	133	18	generally	generally	ADV
cjrl-2328	133	19	reached	reach	VERB
cjrl-2328	133	20	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	133	21	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
cjrl-2328	133	22	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	133	23	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	133	24	pre	pre	VERB
cjrl-2328	133	25	-	-	ADJ
cjrl-2328	133	26	seizure	seizure	ADJ
cjrl-2328	133	27	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	133	28	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	133	29	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	133	30	subject	subject	ADJ
cjrl-2328	133	31	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	133	32	fourth	fourth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	133	33	amendment	amendment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	133	34	scrutiny	scrutiny	NOUN
cjrl-2328	133	35	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	134	1	”32	”32	VERB
cjrl-2328	134	2	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	134	3	some	some	DET
cjrl-2328	134	4	cases	case	NOUN
cjrl-2328	134	5	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	134	6	when	when	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	134	7	faced	face	VERB
cjrl-2328	134	8	with	with	ADP
cjrl-2328	134	9	multiple	multiple	ADJ
cjrl-2328	134	10	claims	claim	NOUN
cjrl-2328	134	11	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	134	12	unreasonable	unreasonable	ADJ
cjrl-2328	134	13	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	134	14	action	action	NOUN
cjrl-2328	134	15	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	134	16	these	these	DET
cjrl-2328	134	17	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	134	18	attempt	attempt	VERB
cjrl-2328	134	19	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	134	20	divide	divide	VERB
cjrl-2328	134	21	prior	prior	ADJ
cjrl-2328	134	22	events	event	NOUN
cjrl-2328	134	23	from	from	ADP
cjrl-2328	134	24	those	those	PRON
cjrl-2328	134	25	immediately	immediately	ADV
cjrl-2328	134	26	preceding	precede	VERB
cjrl-2328	134	27	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	134	28	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	134	29	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	134	30	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	134	31	by	by	ADP
cjrl-2328	134	32	splitting	split	VERB
cjrl-2328	134	33	interactions	interaction	NOUN
cjrl-2328	134	34	into	into	ADP
cjrl-2328	134	35	temporal	temporal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	134	36	segments	segment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	134	37	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	134	38	then	then	ADV
cjrl-2328	134	39	analyzing	analyze	VERB
cjrl-2328	134	40	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	134	41	moments	moment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	134	42	immediately	immediately	ADV
cjrl-2328	134	43	before	before	ADP
cjrl-2328	134	44	each	each	DET
cjrl-2328	134	45	violation	violation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	134	46	separately	separately	ADV
cjrl-2328	134	47	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	135	1	33	33	NUM
cjrl-2328	135	2	this	this	DET
cjrl-2328	135	3	approach	approach	NOUN
cjrl-2328	135	4	allows	allow	VERB
cjrl-2328	135	5	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	135	6	flexibility	flexibility	NOUN
cjrl-2328	135	7	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	136	1	as	as	ADP
cjrl-2328	136	2	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	136	3	sixth	sixth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	136	4	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cjrl-2328	136	5	described	describe	VERB
cjrl-2328	136	6	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	136	7	greathouse	greathouse	PROPN
cjrl-2328	136	8	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	136	9	couch:34	couch:34	PROPN
cjrl-2328	136	10	30	30	NUM
cjrl-2328	136	11	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	136	12	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	136	13	31	31	NUM
cjrl-2328	137	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	137	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	137	3	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	137	4	648	648	NUM
cjrl-2328	137	5	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	138	1	32	32	NUM
cjrl-2328	138	2	carter	carter	PROPN
cjrl-2328	138	3	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	138	4	buscher	buscher	PROPN
cjrl-2328	138	5	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	138	6	973	973	NUM
cjrl-2328	138	7	f.2d	f.2d	NOUN
cjrl-2328	138	8	1328	1328	NUM
cjrl-2328	138	9	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	138	10	1332	1332	NUM
cjrl-2328	138	11	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	138	12	7th	7th	ADJ
cjrl-2328	138	13	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	138	14	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	138	15	1992	1992	NUM
cjrl-2328	138	16	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	138	17	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	138	18	citations	citation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	138	19	omitted	omit	VERB
cjrl-2328	138	20	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	138	21	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	139	1	see	see	VERB
cjrl-2328	139	2	also	also	ADV
cjrl-2328	139	3	elliott	elliott	PROPN
cjrl-2328	139	4	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	139	5	leavitt	leavitt	PROPN
cjrl-2328	139	6	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	139	7	99	99	NUM
cjrl-2328	139	8	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	139	9	640	640	NUM
cjrl-2328	139	10	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	139	11	643	643	NUM
cjrl-2328	139	12	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	139	13	4th	4th	ADJ
cjrl-2328	139	14	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	139	15	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	139	16	1996	1996	NUM
cjrl-2328	139	17	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	140	1	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	140	2	holding	hold	VERB
cjrl-2328	140	3	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	140	4	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	140	5	reasonableness	reasonableness	NOUN
cjrl-2328	140	6	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	140	7	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	140	8	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	140	9	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	140	10	actions	action	NOUN
cjrl-2328	140	11	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	140	12	creating	create	VERB
cjrl-2328	140	13	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	140	14	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ
cjrl-2328	140	15	situation	situation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	140	16	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	140	17	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	140	18	relevant	relevant	ADJ
cjrl-2328	140	19	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	140	20	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	140	21	fourth	fourth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	140	22	amendment	amendment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	140	23	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cjrl-2328	140	24	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	140	25	;	;	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	140	26	young	young	ADJ
cjrl-2328	140	27	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	140	28	city	city	PROPN
cjrl-2328	140	29	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	140	30	killeen	killeen	PROPN
cjrl-2328	140	31	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	140	32	775	775	NUM
cjrl-2328	140	33	f.2d	f.2d	SYM
cjrl-2328	140	34	1349	1349	NUM
cjrl-2328	140	35	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	140	36	5th	5th	ADJ
cjrl-2328	140	37	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	140	38	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	140	39	1985	1985	NUM
cjrl-2328	140	40	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	140	41	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	140	42	finding	find	VERB
cjrl-2328	140	43	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	140	44	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	140	45	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	140	46	may	may	AUX
cjrl-2328	140	47	use	use	VERB
cjrl-2328	140	48	lethal	lethal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	140	49	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	140	50	when	when	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	140	51	threatened	threaten	VERB
cjrl-2328	140	52	even	even	ADV
cjrl-2328	140	53	if	if	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	140	54	he	he	PRON
cjrl-2328	140	55	negligently	negligently	ADV
cjrl-2328	140	56	failed	fail	VERB
cjrl-2328	140	57	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	140	58	follow	follow	VERB
cjrl-2328	140	59	procedure	procedure	NOUN
cjrl-2328	140	60	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	140	61	created	create	VERB
cjrl-2328	140	62	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	140	63	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	140	64	leading	lead	VERB
cjrl-2328	140	65	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	140	66	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	140	67	need	need	NOUN
cjrl-2328	140	68	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	140	69	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	140	70	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	140	71	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	141	1	33	33	NUM
cjrl-2328	141	2	livermore	livermore	PROPN
cjrl-2328	141	3	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	141	4	lubelan	lubelan	PROPN
cjrl-2328	141	5	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	141	6	476	476	NUM
cjrl-2328	141	7	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	141	8	397	397	NUM
cjrl-2328	141	9	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	141	10	406–07	406–07	PROPN
cjrl-2328	141	11	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	141	12	6th	6th	ADJ
cjrl-2328	141	13	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	141	14	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	141	15	2007	2007	NUM
cjrl-2328	141	16	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	141	17	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	141	18	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	141	19	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	141	20	proper	proper	ADJ
cjrl-2328	141	21	approach	approach	NOUN
cjrl-2328	141	22	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	141	23	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	141	24	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	141	25	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	141	26	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	141	27	view	view	VERB
cjrl-2328	141	28	excessive	excessive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	141	29	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	141	30	claims	claim	NOUN
cjrl-2328	141	31	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	141	32	segments	segment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	141	33	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	141	34	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	141	35	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	141	36	disregard	disregard	NOUN
cjrl-2328	141	37	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	141	38	events	event	NOUN
cjrl-2328	141	39	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	141	40	earlier	early	ADJ
cjrl-2328	141	41	segments	segment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	141	42	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	141	43	analyzing	analyze	VERB
cjrl-2328	141	44	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ
cjrl-2328	141	45	claims	claim	NOUN
cjrl-2328	141	46	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	141	47	excessive	excessive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	141	48	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	141	49	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	141	50	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	142	1	34	34	NUM
cjrl-2328	142	2	greathouse	greathouse	NOUN
cjrl-2328	142	3	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	142	4	couch	couch	NOUN
cjrl-2328	142	5	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	142	6	433	433	NUM
cjrl-2328	142	7	f.	f.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	142	8	app’x	app’x	PROPN
cjrl-2328	142	9	370	370	NUM
cjrl-2328	142	10	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	142	11	6th	6th	ADJ
cjrl-2328	142	12	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	142	13	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	142	14	2011	2011	NUM
cjrl-2328	142	15	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	142	16	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	143	1	no	no	INTJ
cjrl-2328	143	2	.	.	NOUN
cjrl-2328	143	3	1:1	1:1	NUM
cjrl-2328	143	4	]	]	X
cjrl-2328	143	5	dismantling	dismantle	VERB
cjrl-2328	143	6	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	143	7	trap	trap	NOUN
cjrl-2328	143	8	11	11	NUM
cjrl-2328	143	9	we	we	PRON
cjrl-2328	143	10	apply	apply	VERB
cjrl-2328	143	11	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	143	12	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	143	13	segmented	segment	VERB
cjrl-2328	143	14	approach	approach	NOUN
cjrl-2328	143	15	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	143	16	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	143	17	excessiveforce	excessiveforce	NOUN
cjrl-2328	143	18	claims	claim	NOUN
cjrl-2328	143	19	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	143	20	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	143	21	which	which	PRON
cjrl-2328	143	22	we	we	PRON
cjrl-2328	143	23	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	143	24	carve	carve	VERB
cjrl-2328	143	25	up	up	ADP
cjrl-2328	143	26	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	143	27	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	143	28	events	event	NOUN
cjrl-2328	143	29	surrounding	surround	VERB
cjrl-2328	143	30	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	143	31	challenged	challenge	VERB
cjrl-2328	143	32	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	143	33	action	action	NOUN
cjrl-2328	143	34	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	143	35	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
cjrl-2328	143	36	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	143	37	reasonableness	reasonableness	NOUN
cjrl-2328	143	38	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	143	39	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	143	40	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	143	41	by	by	ADP
cjrl-2328	143	42	looking	look	VERB
cjrl-2328	143	43	only	only	ADV
cjrl-2328	143	44	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	143	45	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	143	46	moments	moment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	143	47	immediately	immediately	ADV
cjrl-2328	143	48	preceding	precede	VERB
cjrl-2328	143	49	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	143	50	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	143	51	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	143	52	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	143	53	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	143	54	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	143	55	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	143	56	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	143	57	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	144	1	our	our	PRON
cjrl-2328	144	2	segmented	segmented	ADJ
cjrl-2328	144	3	approach	approach	NOUN
cjrl-2328	144	4	applies	apply	VERB
cjrl-2328	144	5	even	even	ADV
cjrl-2328	144	6	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	144	7	encounters	encounter	NOUN
cjrl-2328	144	8	lasting	last	VERB
cjrl-2328	144	9	very	very	ADV
cjrl-2328	144	10	short	short	ADJ
cjrl-2328	144	11	periods	period	NOUN
cjrl-2328	144	12	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	144	13	time.35	time.35	NOUN
cjrl-2328	144	14	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	144	15	plakas	plakas	PROPN
cjrl-2328	144	16	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	144	17	drinski	drinski	PROPN
cjrl-2328	144	18	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	144	19	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	144	20	seventh	seventh	ADJ
cjrl-2328	144	21	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cjrl-2328	144	22	elaborated	elaborate	VERB
cjrl-2328	144	23	on	on	ADP
cjrl-2328	144	24	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	144	25	justification	justification	NOUN
cjrl-2328	144	26	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	144	27	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	144	28	segmented	segment	VERB
cjrl-2328	144	29	approach	approach	NOUN
cjrl-2328	144	30	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	144	31	explaining	explain	VERB
cjrl-2328	144	32	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	144	33	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	144	34	[	[	X
cjrl-2328	144	35	t]he	t]he	ADJ
cjrl-2328	144	36	time	time	NOUN
cjrl-2328	144	37	-	-	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	144	38	frame	frame	NOUN
cjrl-2328	144	39	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	144	40	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	144	41	crucial	crucial	ADJ
cjrl-2328	144	42	aspect	aspect	NOUN
cjrl-2328	144	43	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	144	44	excessive	excessive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	144	45	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	144	46	cases	case	NOUN
cjrl-2328	144	47	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	144	48	because	because	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	144	49	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	144	50	[	[	X
cjrl-2328	144	51	o]ther	o]ther	ADP
cjrl-2328	144	52	than	than	ADP
cjrl-2328	144	53	random	random	ADJ
cjrl-2328	144	54	attacks	attack	NOUN
cjrl-2328	144	55	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	144	56	all	all	DET
cjrl-2328	144	57	such	such	ADJ
cjrl-2328	144	58	cases	case	NOUN
cjrl-2328	144	59	begin	begin	VERB
cjrl-2328	144	60	with	with	ADP
cjrl-2328	144	61	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	144	62	decision	decision	NOUN
cjrl-2328	144	63	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	144	64	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	144	65	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	144	66	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	144	67	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	144	68	do	do	AUX
cjrl-2328	144	69	something	something	PRON
cjrl-2328	144	70	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	144	71	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	144	72	help	help	VERB
cjrl-2328	144	73	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	144	74	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	144	75	arrest	arrest	VERB
cjrl-2328	144	76	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	144	77	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	144	78	inquire	inquire	VERB
cjrl-2328	144	79	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	144	80	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	144	81	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	144	82	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	145	1	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	145	2	this	this	DET
cjrl-2328	145	3	sense	sense	NOUN
cjrl-2328	145	4	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	145	5	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	145	6	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	145	7	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	145	8	always	always	ADV
cjrl-2328	145	9	causes	cause	VERB
cjrl-2328	145	10	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	145	11	trouble	trouble	NOUN
cjrl-2328	145	12	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	146	1	”36	”36	VERB
cjrl-2328	146	2	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	146	3	boyd	boyd	PROPN
cjrl-2328	146	4	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	146	5	baeppler	baeppler	NOUN
cjrl-2328	146	6	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	146	7	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	146	8	received	receive	VERB
cjrl-2328	146	9	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	146	10	radio	radio	NOUN
cjrl-2328	146	11	call	call	NOUN
cjrl-2328	146	12	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	146	13	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	146	14	african	african	ADJ
cjrl-2328	146	15	american	american	ADJ
cjrl-2328	146	16	male	male	NOUN
cjrl-2328	146	17	had	have	AUX
cjrl-2328	146	18	fired	fire	VERB
cjrl-2328	146	19	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	146	20	shot	shot	NOUN
cjrl-2328	146	21	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	146	22	pointed	point	VERB
cjrl-2328	146	23	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	146	24	gun	gun	NOUN
cjrl-2328	146	25	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	146	26	three	three	NUM
cjrl-2328	146	27	people	people	NOUN
cjrl-2328	146	28	outside	outside	ADP
cjrl-2328	146	29	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	146	30	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	146	31	wendy	wendy	NOUN
cjrl-2328	146	32	’s	’s	NOUN
cjrl-2328	146	33	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	146	34	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	146	35	fled	flee	VERB
cjrl-2328	146	36	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	147	1	37	37	NUM
cjrl-2328	147	2	shortly	shortly	ADV
cjrl-2328	147	3	after	after	ADV
cjrl-2328	147	4	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	147	5	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	147	6	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	147	7	claimed	claim	VERB
cjrl-2328	147	8	they	they	PRON
cjrl-2328	147	9	saw	see	VERB
cjrl-2328	147	10	boyd	boyd	PROPN
cjrl-2328	147	11	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	147	12	who	who	PRON
cjrl-2328	147	13	met	meet	VERB
cjrl-2328	147	14	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	147	15	description	description	NOUN
cjrl-2328	147	16	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	147	17	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	147	18	suspect	suspect	NOUN
cjrl-2328	147	19	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	147	20	running	run	VERB
cjrl-2328	147	21	with	with	ADP
cjrl-2328	147	22	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	147	23	gun	gun	NOUN
cjrl-2328	147	24	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	147	25	his	his	PRON
cjrl-2328	147	26	hand.38	hand.38	NOUN
cjrl-2328	147	27	according	accord	VERB
cjrl-2328	147	28	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	147	29	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	147	30	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	147	31	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	147	32	when	when	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	147	33	they	they	PRON
cjrl-2328	147	34	could	could	AUX
cjrl-2328	147	35	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	147	36	persuade	persuade	VERB
cjrl-2328	147	37	boyd	boyd	PROPN
cjrl-2328	147	38	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	147	39	stop	stop	VERB
cjrl-2328	147	40	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	147	41	they	they	PRON
cjrl-2328	147	42	shot	shoot	VERB
cjrl-2328	147	43	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	147	44	killed	kill	VERB
cjrl-2328	147	45	him.39	him.39	ADJ
cjrl-2328	147	46	analyzing	analyze	VERB
cjrl-2328	147	47	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	147	48	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	147	49	’	’	PART
cjrl-2328	147	50	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	147	51	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	147	52	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	147	53	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	147	54	segments	segment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	147	55	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	147	56	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	147	57	majority	majority	NOUN
cjrl-2328	147	58	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	147	59	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	147	60	panel	panel	NOUN
cjrl-2328	147	61	found	find	VERB
cjrl-2328	147	62	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	147	63	only	only	ADV
cjrl-2328	147	64	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	147	65	facts	fact	NOUN
cjrl-2328	147	66	surrounding	surround	VERB
cjrl-2328	147	67	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	147	68	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	147	69	’	’	PART
cjrl-2328	147	70	confrontation	confrontation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	147	71	with	with	ADP
cjrl-2328	147	72	boyd	boyd	PROPN
cjrl-2328	147	73	were	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	147	74	relevant	relevant	ADJ
cjrl-2328	147	75	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	147	76	including	include	VERB
cjrl-2328	147	77	boyd	boyd	PROPN
cjrl-2328	147	78	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	147	79	failure	failure	NOUN
cjrl-2328	147	80	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	147	81	respond	respond	VERB
cjrl-2328	147	82	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	147	83	demands	demand	NOUN
cjrl-2328	147	84	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	147	85	he	he	PRON
cjrl-2328	147	86	stop	stop	VERB
cjrl-2328	147	87	running	run	VERB
cjrl-2328	147	88	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	147	89	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	147	90	testimony	testimony	NOUN
cjrl-2328	147	91	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	147	92	boyd	boyd	PROPN
cjrl-2328	147	93	pointed	point	VERB
cjrl-2328	147	94	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	147	95	gun	gun	NOUN
cjrl-2328	147	96	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	147	97	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	147	98	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	147	99	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	147	100	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	147	101	seconds	second	NOUN
cjrl-2328	147	102	before	before	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	147	103	he	he	PRON
cjrl-2328	147	104	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	147	105	shot	shoot	VERB
cjrl-2328	147	106	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	148	1	40	40	NUM
cjrl-2328	149	1	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	149	2	majority	majority	NOUN
cjrl-2328	149	3	excluded	exclude	VERB
cjrl-2328	149	4	as	as	ADP
cjrl-2328	149	5	irrelevant	irrelevant	ADJ
cjrl-2328	149	6	evidence	evidence	NOUN
cjrl-2328	149	7	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	149	8	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	149	9	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	149	10	leading	lead	VERB
cjrl-2328	149	11	up	up	ADP
cjrl-2328	149	12	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	149	13	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	149	14	encounter	encounter	NOUN
cjrl-2328	149	15	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	149	16	including	include	VERB
cjrl-2328	149	17	evidence	evidence	NOUN
cjrl-2328	149	18	as	as	ADP
cjrl-2328	149	19	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	149	20	whether	whether	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	149	21	boyd	boyd	PROPN
cjrl-2328	149	22	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	149	23	running	run	VERB
cjrl-2328	149	24	from	from	ADP
cjrl-2328	149	25	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	149	26	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	149	27	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	149	28	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	149	29	attempt	attempt	NOUN
cjrl-2328	149	30	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	149	31	escape	escape	VERB
cjrl-2328	149	32	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	149	33	whether	whether	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	149	34	boyd	boyd	PROPN
cjrl-2328	149	35	had	have	AUX
cjrl-2328	149	36	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	149	37	fact	fact	NOUN
cjrl-2328	149	38	fired	fire	VERB
cjrl-2328	149	39	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	149	40	reported	report	VERB
cjrl-2328	149	41	shot	shot	NOUN
cjrl-2328	149	42	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	149	43	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	149	44	whether	whether	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	149	45	35	35	NUM
cjrl-2328	149	46	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	149	47	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	149	48	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	149	49	372–73	372–73	PROPN
cjrl-2328	149	50	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	149	51	internal	internal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	149	52	citations	citation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	149	53	omitted	omit	VERB
cjrl-2328	149	54	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	149	55	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	150	1	36	36	NUM
cjrl-2328	150	2	plakas	plakas	NOUN
cjrl-2328	150	3	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	150	4	drinski	drinski	PROPN
cjrl-2328	150	5	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	150	6	19	19	NUM
cjrl-2328	150	7	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	150	8	1143	1143	NUM
cjrl-2328	150	9	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	150	10	1150	1150	NUM
cjrl-2328	150	11	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	150	12	7th	7th	ADJ
cjrl-2328	150	13	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	150	14	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	150	15	1994	1994	NUM
cjrl-2328	150	16	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	150	17	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	151	1	37	37	NUM
cjrl-2328	151	2	boyd	boyd	PROPN
cjrl-2328	151	3	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	151	4	baeppler	baeppler	NOUN
cjrl-2328	151	5	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	151	6	215	215	NUM
cjrl-2328	151	7	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	151	8	594	594	NUM
cjrl-2328	151	9	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	151	10	597	597	NUM
cjrl-2328	151	11	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	151	12	6th	6th	ADJ
cjrl-2328	151	13	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	151	14	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	151	15	2000	2000	NUM
cjrl-2328	151	16	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	151	17	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	152	1	38	38	NUM
cjrl-2328	153	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	153	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	153	3	39	39	NUM
cjrl-2328	154	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	154	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	154	3	40	40	NUM
cjrl-2328	155	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	155	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	155	3	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	155	4	601	601	NUM
cjrl-2328	155	5	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	155	6	12	12	NUM
cjrl-2328	155	7	columbia	columbia	PROPN
cjrl-2328	155	8	journal	journal	PROPN
cjrl-2328	155	9	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	155	10	race	race	NOUN
cjrl-2328	155	11	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	155	12	law	law	NOUN
cjrl-2328	156	1	[	[	X
cjrl-2328	156	2	vol	vol	NOUN
cjrl-2328	156	3	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	156	4	8:1	8:1	NUM
cjrl-2328	156	5	boyd	boyd	PROPN
cjrl-2328	156	6	had	have	AUX
cjrl-2328	156	7	committed	commit	VERB
cjrl-2328	156	8	any	any	DET
cjrl-2328	156	9	crime	crime	NOUN
cjrl-2328	156	10	prior	prior	ADV
cjrl-2328	156	11	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	156	12	being	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	156	13	confronted	confront	VERB
cjrl-2328	156	14	by	by	ADP
cjrl-2328	156	15	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	156	16	police.41	police.41	NOUN
cjrl-2328	156	17	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	156	18	segmented	segment	VERB
cjrl-2328	156	19	approach	approach	NOUN
cjrl-2328	156	20	does	do	AUX
cjrl-2328	156	21	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	156	22	lead	lead	VERB
cjrl-2328	156	23	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	156	24	consistent	consistent	ADJ
cjrl-2328	156	25	rules	rule	NOUN
cjrl-2328	156	26	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	156	27	particularly	particularly	ADV
cjrl-2328	156	28	because	because	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	156	29	it	it	PRON
cjrl-2328	156	30	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	156	31	difficult	difficult	ADJ
cjrl-2328	156	32	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	156	33	determine	determine	VERB
cjrl-2328	156	34	how	how	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	156	35	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	156	36	divide	divide	VERB
cjrl-2328	156	37	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	156	38	encounter	encounter	NOUN
cjrl-2328	156	39	into	into	ADP
cjrl-2328	156	40	temporal	temporal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	156	41	segments	segment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	156	42	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	157	1	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	157	2	sixth	sixth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	157	3	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cjrl-2328	157	4	admitted	admit	VERB
cjrl-2328	157	5	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	157	6	claybrook	claybrook	NOUN
cjrl-2328	157	7	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	157	8	birchwe	birchwe	NOUN
cjrl-2328	157	9	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	157	10	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	157	11	events	event	NOUN
cjrl-2328	157	12	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	157	13	that	that	DET
cjrl-2328	157	14	case	case	NOUN
cjrl-2328	157	15	were	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	157	16	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	157	17	so	so	ADV
cjrl-2328	157	18	easily	easily	ADV
cjrl-2328	157	19	divided	divide	VERB
cjrl-2328	157	20	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	158	1	42	42	NUM
cjrl-2328	158	2	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	158	3	case	case	NOUN
cjrl-2328	158	4	involved	involve	VERB
cjrl-2328	158	5	undercover	undercover	ADJ
cjrl-2328	158	6	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	158	7	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	158	8	shooting	shoot	VERB
cjrl-2328	158	9	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	158	10	civilian	civilian	ADJ
cjrl-2328	158	11	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	158	12	claybrook	claybrook	ADJ
cjrl-2328	158	13	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	158	14	after	after	ADP
cjrl-2328	158	15	approaching	approach	VERB
cjrl-2328	158	16	him	he	PRON
cjrl-2328	158	17	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	158	18	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	158	19	unmarked	unmarked	ADJ
cjrl-2328	158	20	car	car	NOUN
cjrl-2328	158	21	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	158	22	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	158	23	without	without	ADP
cjrl-2328	158	24	identifying	identify	VERB
cjrl-2328	158	25	themselves	themselves	PRON
cjrl-2328	158	26	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	158	27	demanding	demand	VERB
cjrl-2328	158	28	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	158	29	he	he	PRON
cjrl-2328	158	30	drop	drop	VERB
cjrl-2328	158	31	his	his	PRON
cjrl-2328	158	32	weapon	weapon	NOUN
cjrl-2328	158	33	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	159	1	43	43	NUM
cjrl-2328	159	2	claybrook	claybrook	NOUN
cjrl-2328	159	3	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	159	4	estate	estate	NOUN
cjrl-2328	159	5	alleged	allege	VERB
cjrl-2328	159	6	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	159	7	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	159	8	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	159	9	fired	fire	VERB
cjrl-2328	159	10	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	159	11	first	first	ADJ
cjrl-2328	159	12	shot	shot	NOUN
cjrl-2328	159	13	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	159	14	causing	cause	VERB
cjrl-2328	159	15	claybrook	claybrook	NOUN
cjrl-2328	159	16	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	159	17	return	return	VERB
cjrl-2328	159	18	fire.44	fire.44	NOUN
cjrl-2328	159	19	later	later	ADV
cjrl-2328	159	20	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	159	21	during	during	ADP
cjrl-2328	159	22	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	159	23	second	second	ADJ
cjrl-2328	159	24	exchange	exchange	NOUN
cjrl-2328	159	25	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	159	26	fire	fire	NOUN
cjrl-2328	159	27	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	159	28	claybrook	claybrook	NOUN
cjrl-2328	159	29	positioned	position	VERB
cjrl-2328	159	30	himself	himself	PRON
cjrl-2328	159	31	behind	behind	ADP
cjrl-2328	159	32	concrete	concrete	ADJ
cjrl-2328	159	33	steps	step	NOUN
cjrl-2328	159	34	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	159	35	pointed	point	VERB
cjrl-2328	159	36	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	159	37	gun	gun	NOUN
cjrl-2328	159	38	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	159	39	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	159	40	officers.45	officers.45	NOUN
cjrl-2328	159	41	it	it	PRON
cjrl-2328	159	42	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	159	43	during	during	ADP
cjrl-2328	159	44	this	this	DET
cjrl-2328	159	45	second	second	ADJ
cjrl-2328	159	46	exchange	exchange	NOUN
cjrl-2328	159	47	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	159	48	claybrook	claybrook	NOUN
cjrl-2328	159	49	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	159	50	ultimately	ultimately	ADV
cjrl-2328	159	51	killed	kill	VERB
cjrl-2328	159	52	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	160	1	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	160	2	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	160	3	argued	argue	VERB
cjrl-2328	160	4	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	160	5	events	event	NOUN
cjrl-2328	160	6	should	should	AUX
cjrl-2328	160	7	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	160	8	divided	divide	VERB
cjrl-2328	160	9	into	into	ADP
cjrl-2328	160	10	two	two	NUM
cjrl-2328	160	11	segments	segment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	160	12	:	:	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	160	13	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	160	14	first	first	ADJ
cjrl-2328	160	15	beginning	beginning	NOUN
cjrl-2328	160	16	with	with	ADP
cjrl-2328	160	17	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	160	18	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	160	19	’	’	PART
cjrl-2328	160	20	decision	decision	NOUN
cjrl-2328	160	21	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	160	22	confront	confront	VERB
cjrl-2328	160	23	claybrook	claybrook	NOUN
cjrl-2328	160	24	through	through	ADP
cjrl-2328	160	25	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	160	26	initial	initial	ADJ
cjrl-2328	160	27	firefight	firefight	NOUN
cjrl-2328	160	28	between	between	ADP
cjrl-2328	160	29	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	160	30	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	160	31	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	160	32	claybrook	claybrook	NOUN
cjrl-2328	160	33	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	160	34	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	160	35	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	160	36	second	second	ADJ
cjrl-2328	160	37	beginning	beginning	NOUN
cjrl-2328	160	38	when	when	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	160	39	claybrook	claybrook	NOUN
cjrl-2328	160	40	hid	hide	VERB
cjrl-2328	160	41	behind	behind	ADP
cjrl-2328	160	42	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	160	43	concrete	concrete	ADJ
cjrl-2328	160	44	steps	step	NOUN
cjrl-2328	160	45	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	160	46	ending	end	VERB
cjrl-2328	160	47	with	with	ADP
cjrl-2328	160	48	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	160	49	shots	shot	NOUN
cjrl-2328	160	50	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	160	51	killed	kill	VERB
cjrl-2328	160	52	him	he	PRON
cjrl-2328	160	53	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	161	1	from	from	ADP
cjrl-2328	161	2	this	this	DET
cjrl-2328	161	3	perspective	perspective	NOUN
cjrl-2328	161	4	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	161	5	evidence	evidence	NOUN
cjrl-2328	161	6	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	161	7	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	161	8	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	161	9	approached	approach	VERB
cjrl-2328	161	10	claybrook	claybrook	ADV
cjrl-2328	161	11	out	out	ADP
cjrl-2328	161	12	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	161	13	uniform	uniform	NOUN
cjrl-2328	161	14	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	161	15	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	161	16	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	161	17	unmarked	unmarked	ADJ
cjrl-2328	161	18	car	car	NOUN
cjrl-2328	161	19	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	161	20	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	161	21	opened	open	VERB
cjrl-2328	161	22	fire	fire	NOUN
cjrl-2328	161	23	on	on	ADP
cjrl-2328	161	24	claybrook	claybrook	NOUN
cjrl-2328	161	25	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	161	26	would	would	AUX
cjrl-2328	161	27	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	161	28	excluded	exclude	VERB
cjrl-2328	161	29	from	from	ADP
cjrl-2328	161	30	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	161	31	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cjrl-2328	161	32	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	161	33	whether	whether	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	161	34	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	161	35	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	161	36	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	161	37	lethal	lethal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	161	38	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	161	39	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	161	40	reasonable	reasonable	ADJ
cjrl-2328	161	41	because	because	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	161	42	only	only	ADV
cjrl-2328	161	43	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	161	44	second	second	ADJ
cjrl-2328	161	45	round	round	NOUN
cjrl-2328	161	46	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	161	47	firing	firing	NOUN
cjrl-2328	161	48	resulted	result	VERB
cjrl-2328	161	49	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	161	50	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	161	51	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	161	52	’	’	PART
cjrl-2328	161	53	lethal	lethal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	161	54	shooting	shooting	NOUN
cjrl-2328	161	55	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	161	56	claybrook.46	claybrook.46	PROPN
cjrl-2328	161	57	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	161	58	court	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	161	59	rejected	reject	VERB
cjrl-2328	161	60	this	this	DET
cjrl-2328	161	61	approach	approach	NOUN
cjrl-2328	161	62	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	161	63	opting	opt	VERB
cjrl-2328	161	64	instead	instead	ADV
cjrl-2328	161	65	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	161	66	divide	divide	VERB
cjrl-2328	161	67	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	161	68	events	event	NOUN
cjrl-2328	161	69	into	into	ADP
cjrl-2328	161	70	three	three	NUM
cjrl-2328	161	71	segments	segment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	161	72	:	:	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	161	73	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	161	74	first	first	ADV
cjrl-2328	161	75	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	161	76	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	161	77	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	161	78	’	’	PART
cjrl-2328	161	79	approach	approach	NOUN
cjrl-2328	161	80	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	161	81	41	41	NUM
cjrl-2328	161	82	i	i	PROPN
cjrl-2328	161	83	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	161	84	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	161	85	599–600	599–600	NUM
cjrl-2328	161	86	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	162	1	42	42	NUM
cjrl-2328	162	2	claybrook	claybrook	NOUN
cjrl-2328	162	3	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	162	4	birchwell	birchwell	NOUN
cjrl-2328	162	5	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	162	6	274	274	NUM
cjrl-2328	162	7	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	162	8	1098	1098	NUM
cjrl-2328	162	9	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	162	10	1103–05	1103–05	NUM
cjrl-2328	162	11	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	162	12	6th	6th	ADJ
cjrl-2328	162	13	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	162	14	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	162	15	2001	2001	NUM
cjrl-2328	162	16	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	162	17	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	162	18	segmenting	segment	VERB
cjrl-2328	162	19	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	162	20	1	1	NUM
cjrl-2328	162	21	-	-	SYM
cjrl-2328	162	22	2	2	NUM
cjrl-2328	162	23	minute	minute	NOUN
cjrl-2328	162	24	encounter	encounter	NOUN
cjrl-2328	162	25	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	162	26	finding	find	VERB
cjrl-2328	162	27	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	162	28	earlier	early	ADJ
cjrl-2328	162	29	shots	shot	NOUN
cjrl-2328	162	30	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	162	31	did	do	AUX
cjrl-2328	162	32	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	162	33	hit	hit	VERB
cjrl-2328	162	34	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	162	35	suspect	suspect	NOUN
cjrl-2328	162	36	should	should	AUX
cjrl-2328	162	37	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	162	38	used	use	VERB
cjrl-2328	162	39	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	162	40	analyzing	analyze	VERB
cjrl-2328	162	41	whether	whether	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	162	42	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	162	43	deadly	deadly	ADJ
cjrl-2328	162	44	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	162	45	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	162	46	reasonable	reasonable	ADJ
cjrl-2328	162	47	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	162	48	even	even	ADV
cjrl-2328	162	49	though	though	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	162	50	it	it	PRON
cjrl-2328	162	51	excluded	exclude	VERB
cjrl-2328	162	52	evidence	evidence	NOUN
cjrl-2328	162	53	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	162	54	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	162	55	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	162	56	’	’	PART
cjrl-2328	162	57	actions	action	NOUN
cjrl-2328	162	58	leading	lead	VERB
cjrl-2328	162	59	up	up	ADP
cjrl-2328	162	60	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	162	61	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	162	62	beginning	beginning	NOUN
cjrl-2328	162	63	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	162	64	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	162	65	shooting	shooting	NOUN
cjrl-2328	162	66	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	162	67	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	163	1	43	43	NUM
cjrl-2328	164	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	164	2	d.	d.	NOUN
cjrl-2328	164	3	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	164	4	1104–05	1104–05	NUM
cjrl-2328	164	5	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	165	1	44	44	NUM
cjrl-2328	166	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	166	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	166	3	45	45	NUM
cjrl-2328	167	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	167	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	167	3	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	167	4	1102	1102	NUM
cjrl-2328	167	5	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	167	6	quoting	quote	VERB
cjrl-2328	167	7	claybrook	claybrook	NOUN
cjrl-2328	167	8	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	167	9	birchwell	birchwell	PROPN
cjrl-2328	167	10	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	167	11	199	199	NUM
cjrl-2328	167	12	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	167	13	350	350	NUM
cjrl-2328	167	14	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	167	15	355	355	NUM
cjrl-2328	167	16	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	167	17	6th	6th	ADJ
cjrl-2328	167	18	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	167	19	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	167	20	2000	2000	NUM
cjrl-2328	167	21	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	167	22	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	167	23	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	168	1	46	46	NUM
cjrl-2328	169	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	169	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	169	3	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	169	4	1104	1104	NUM
cjrl-2328	169	5	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	170	1	no	no	INTJ
cjrl-2328	170	2	.	.	NOUN
cjrl-2328	170	3	1:1	1:1	NUM
cjrl-2328	170	4	]	]	X
cjrl-2328	170	5	dismantling	dismantle	VERB
cjrl-2328	170	6	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	170	7	trap	trap	NOUN
cjrl-2328	170	8	13	13	NUM
cjrl-2328	170	9	confrontation	confrontation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	170	10	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	170	11	claybrook	claybrook	NOUN
cjrl-2328	170	12	;	;	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	170	13	second	second	X
cjrl-2328	170	14	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	170	15	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	170	16	initial	initial	ADJ
cjrl-2328	170	17	firefight	firefight	NOUN
cjrl-2328	170	18	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	170	19	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	170	20	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	171	1	;	;	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	171	2	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	171	3	third	third	ADV
cjrl-2328	171	4	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	171	5	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	171	6	shots	shot	NOUN
cjrl-2328	171	7	fired	fire	VERB
cjrl-2328	171	8	after	after	ADP
cjrl-2328	171	9	claybrook	claybrook	NOUN
cjrl-2328	171	10	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	171	11	move	move	NOUN
cjrl-2328	171	12	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	171	13	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	171	14	position	position	NOUN
cjrl-2328	171	15	behind	behind	ADP
cjrl-2328	171	16	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	171	17	concrete	concrete	ADJ
cjrl-2328	171	18	steps	step	NOUN
cjrl-2328	171	19	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	172	1	”47	”47	PROPN
cjrl-2328	172	2	under	under	ADP
cjrl-2328	172	3	these	these	DET
cjrl-2328	172	4	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	172	5	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	172	6	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	172	7	claybrook	claybrook	NOUN
cjrl-2328	172	8	court	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	172	9	concluded	conclude	VERB
cjrl-2328	172	10	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	172	11	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	172	12	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	172	13	could	could	AUX
cjrl-2328	172	14	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	172	15	justify	justify	VERB
cjrl-2328	172	16	their	their	PRON
cjrl-2328	172	17	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	172	18	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	172	19	lethal	lethal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	172	20	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	172	21	as	as	ADP
cjrl-2328	172	22	self	self	NOUN
cjrl-2328	172	23	-	-	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	172	24	defense	defense	NOUN
cjrl-2328	172	25	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	173	1	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	173	2	court	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	173	3	explained	explain	VERB
cjrl-2328	173	4	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	173	5	it	it	PRON
cjrl-2328	173	6	reached	reach	VERB
cjrl-2328	173	7	this	this	DET
cjrl-2328	173	8	result	result	NOUN
cjrl-2328	173	9	because	because	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	173	10	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	173	11	plaintiffs	plaintiff	NOUN
cjrl-2328	173	12	brought	bring	VERB
cjrl-2328	173	13	suit	suit	NOUN
cjrl-2328	173	14	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	173	15	contest	contest	VERB
cjrl-2328	173	16	all	all	DET
cjrl-2328	173	17	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	173	18	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	173	19	deadly	deadly	ADJ
cjrl-2328	173	20	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	173	21	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	173	22	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	173	23	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	174	1	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	174	2	only	only	ADV
cjrl-2328	174	3	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	174	4	shot	shot	NOUN
cjrl-2328	174	5	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	174	6	took	take	VERB
cjrl-2328	174	7	his	his	PRON
cjrl-2328	174	8	life	life	NOUN
cjrl-2328	174	9	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	175	1	”48	”48	PROPN
cjrl-2328	175	2	thus	thus	ADV
cjrl-2328	175	3	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	175	4	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	175	5	court	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	175	6	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	175	7	willing	willing	ADJ
cjrl-2328	175	8	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	175	9	segment	segment	VERB
cjrl-2328	175	10	earlier	early	ADJ
cjrl-2328	175	11	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	175	12	misconduct	misconduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	175	13	prior	prior	ADV
cjrl-2328	175	14	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	175	15	shots	shot	NOUN
cjrl-2328	175	16	being	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	175	17	fired	fire	VERB
cjrl-2328	175	18	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	175	19	but	but	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	175	20	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	175	21	after	after	ADP
cjrl-2328	175	22	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	176	1	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	176	2	williams	williams	PROPN
cjrl-2328	176	3	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	176	4	indiana	indiana	PROPN
cjrl-2328	176	5	state	state	PROPN
cjrl-2328	176	6	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	176	7	dep’t	dep’t	NOUN
cjrl-2328	176	8	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	176	9	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	176	10	seventh	seventh	ADJ
cjrl-2328	176	11	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cjrl-2328	176	12	admitted	admit	VERB
cjrl-2328	176	13	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	176	14	its	its	PRON
cjrl-2328	176	15	own	own	ADJ
cjrl-2328	176	16	application	application	NOUN
cjrl-2328	176	17	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	176	18	case	case	NOUN
cjrl-2328	176	19	law	law	NOUN
cjrl-2328	176	20	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	176	21	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	176	22	far	far	ADV
cjrl-2328	176	23	from	from	ADP
cjrl-2328	176	24	clear	clear	ADJ
cjrl-2328	176	25	as	as	ADP
cjrl-2328	176	26	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	176	27	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	176	28	relevance	relevance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	176	29	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	176	30	pre	pre	VERB
cjrl-2328	176	31	-	-	ADJ
cjrl-2328	176	32	seizure	seizure	ADJ
cjrl-2328	176	33	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	176	34	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	176	35	or	or	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	176	36	even	even	ADV
cjrl-2328	176	37	as	as	ADP
cjrl-2328	176	38	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	176	39	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	176	40	determination	determination	NOUN
cjrl-2328	176	41	as	as	ADP
cjrl-2328	176	42	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	176	43	what	what	DET
cjrl-2328	176	44	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	176	45	falls	fall	VERB
cjrl-2328	176	46	within	within	ADP
cjrl-2328	176	47	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	176	48	designation	designation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	176	49	‘	'	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	176	50	pre	pre	VERB
cjrl-2328	176	51	-	-	VERB
cjrl-2328	176	52	seizure	seizure	ADJ
cjrl-2328	176	53	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	176	54	’	'	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	176	55	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	177	1	49	49	NUM
cjrl-2328	177	2	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	177	3	court	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	177	4	explained	explain	VERB
cjrl-2328	177	5	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	177	6	although	although	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	177	7	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	177	8	majority	majority	NOUN
cjrl-2328	177	9	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	177	10	its	its	PRON
cjrl-2328	177	11	cases	case	NOUN
cjrl-2328	177	12	held	hold	VERB
cjrl-2328	177	13	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	177	14	pre	pre	VERB
cjrl-2328	177	15	-	-	ADJ
cjrl-2328	177	16	seizure	seizure	ADJ
cjrl-2328	177	17	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	177	18	may	may	AUX
cjrl-2328	177	19	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	177	20	form	form	VERB
cjrl-2328	177	21	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	177	22	basis	basis	NOUN
cjrl-2328	177	23	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	177	24	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	177	25	fourth	fourth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	177	26	amendment	amendment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	177	27	claim	claim	NOUN
cjrl-2328	177	28	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	177	29	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	177	30	did	do	AUX
cjrl-2328	177	31	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	177	32	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	177	33	mean	mean	VERB
cjrl-2328	177	34	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	177	35	[	[	X
cjrl-2328	177	36	]	]	X
cjrl-2328	177	37	pre	pre	VERB
cjrl-2328	177	38	-	-	ADJ
cjrl-2328	177	39	seizure	seizure	ADJ
cjrl-2328	177	40	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	177	41	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	177	42	irrelevant	irrelevant	ADJ
cjrl-2328	177	43	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	177	44	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	177	45	fourth	fourth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	177	46	amendment	amendment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	177	47	claim	claim	NOUN
cjrl-2328	177	48	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	178	1	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	178	2	sequence	sequence	NOUN
cjrl-2328	178	3	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	178	4	events	event	NOUN
cjrl-2328	178	5	leading	lead	VERB
cjrl-2328	178	6	up	up	ADP
cjrl-2328	178	7	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	178	8	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	178	9	seizure	seizure	NOUN
cjrl-2328	178	10	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	178	11	relevant	relevant	ADJ
cjrl-2328	178	12	because	because	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	178	13	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	178	14	reasonableness	reasonableness	NOUN
cjrl-2328	178	15	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	178	16	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	178	17	seizure	seizure	NOUN
cjrl-2328	178	18	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	178	19	evaluated	evaluate	VERB
cjrl-2328	178	20	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	178	21	light	light	NOUN
cjrl-2328	178	22	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	178	23	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	178	24	totality	totality	NOUN
cjrl-2328	178	25	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	178	26	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	178	27	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	178	28	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	179	1	”50	”50	VERB
cjrl-2328	179	2	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	179	3	fourth	fourth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	179	4	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cjrl-2328	179	5	initially	initially	ADV
cjrl-2328	179	6	rejected	reject	VERB
cjrl-2328	179	7	segmenting	segmenting	NOUN
cjrl-2328	179	8	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	179	9	but	but	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	179	10	later	later	ADV
cjrl-2328	179	11	changed	change	VERB
cjrl-2328	179	12	course	course	NOUN
cjrl-2328	179	13	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	180	1	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	180	2	rowland	rowland	PROPN
cjrl-2328	180	3	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	180	4	perry	perry	PROPN
cjrl-2328	180	5	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	180	6	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	180	7	civilian	civilian	NOUN
cjrl-2328	180	8	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	180	9	47	47	NUM
cjrl-2328	180	10	i	i	PROPN
cjrl-2328	180	11	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	180	12	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	180	13	1105	1105	NUM
cjrl-2328	180	14	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	181	1	48	48	NUM
cjrl-2328	182	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	182	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	182	3	49	49	NUM
cjrl-2328	182	4	williams	williams	PROPN
cjrl-2328	182	5	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	182	6	ind	ind	PROPN
cjrl-2328	182	7	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	183	1	state	state	NOUN
cjrl-2328	183	2	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	183	3	dep’t	dep’t	NOUN
cjrl-2328	183	4	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	183	5	797	797	NUM
cjrl-2328	183	6	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	183	7	468	468	NUM
cjrl-2328	183	8	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	183	9	482–83	482–83	NUM
cjrl-2328	183	10	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	183	11	7th	7th	ADJ
cjrl-2328	183	12	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	183	13	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	183	14	2015	2015	NUM
cjrl-2328	183	15	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	183	16	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	183	17	cert	cert	PROPN
cjrl-2328	183	18	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	183	19	denied	deny	VERB
cjrl-2328	183	20	sub	sub	PROPN
cjrl-2328	183	21	nom	nom	PROPN
cjrl-2328	183	22	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	183	23	;	;	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	183	24	blanchard	blanchard	PROPN
cjrl-2328	183	25	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	183	26	brown	brown	PROPN
cjrl-2328	183	27	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	183	28	136	136	NUM
cjrl-2328	183	29	s.	s.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	183	30	ct	ct	PROPN
cjrl-2328	183	31	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	183	32	1712	1712	NUM
cjrl-2328	183	33	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	183	34	2016	2016	NUM
cjrl-2328	183	35	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	183	36	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	184	1	compare	compare	VERB
cjrl-2328	184	2	marion	marion	PROPN
cjrl-2328	184	3	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	184	4	city	city	PROPN
cjrl-2328	184	5	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	184	6	corydon	corydon	PROPN
cjrl-2328	184	7	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	184	8	indiana	indiana	PROPN
cjrl-2328	184	9	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	184	10	559	559	NUM
cjrl-2328	184	11	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	184	12	700	700	NUM
cjrl-2328	184	13	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	184	14	705	705	NUM
cjrl-2328	184	15	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	184	16	7th	7th	ADJ
cjrl-2328	184	17	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	184	18	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	184	19	2009	2009	NUM
cjrl-2328	184	20	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	184	21	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	184	22	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	184	23	pre	pre	VERB
cjrl-2328	184	24	-	-	ADJ
cjrl-2328	184	25	seizure	seizure	ADJ
cjrl-2328	184	26	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	184	27	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	184	28	can	can	AUX
cjrl-2328	184	29	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	184	30	serve	serve	VERB
cjrl-2328	184	31	as	as	ADP
cjrl-2328	184	32	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	184	33	basis	basis	NOUN
cjrl-2328	184	34	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	184	35	liability	liability	NOUN
cjrl-2328	184	36	under	under	ADP
cjrl-2328	184	37	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	184	38	fourth	fourth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	184	39	amendment	amendment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	184	40	;	;	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	184	41	we	we	PRON
cjrl-2328	184	42	limit	limit	VERB
cjrl-2328	184	43	our	our	PRON
cjrl-2328	184	44	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cjrl-2328	184	45	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	184	46	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	184	47	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	184	48	used	use	VERB
cjrl-2328	184	49	when	when	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	184	50	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	184	51	seizure	seizure	NOUN
cjrl-2328	184	52	occurs	occur	VERB
cjrl-2328	184	53	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	184	54	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	184	55	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	184	56	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	184	57	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	184	58	mccoy	mccoy	PROPN
cjrl-2328	184	59	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	184	60	harrison	harrison	PROPN
cjrl-2328	184	61	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	184	62	341	341	NUM
cjrl-2328	184	63	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	184	64	600	600	NUM
cjrl-2328	184	65	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	184	66	605	605	NUM
cjrl-2328	184	67	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	184	68	7th	7th	ADJ
cjrl-2328	184	69	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	184	70	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	184	71	2003	2003	NUM
cjrl-2328	184	72	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	184	73	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	184	74	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	184	75	even	even	ADV
cjrl-2328	184	76	unreasonable	unreasonable	ADJ
cjrl-2328	184	77	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	184	78	unjustified	unjustified	ADJ
cjrl-2328	184	79	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	184	80	or	or	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	184	81	outrageous	outrageous	ADJ
cjrl-2328	184	82	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	184	83	by	by	ADP
cjrl-2328	184	84	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	184	85	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	184	86	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	184	87	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	184	88	prohibited	prohibit	VERB
cjrl-2328	184	89	by	by	ADP
cjrl-2328	184	90	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	184	91	fourth	fourth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	184	92	amendment	amendment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	184	93	if	if	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	184	94	it	it	PRON
cjrl-2328	184	95	does	do	AUX
cjrl-2328	184	96	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	184	97	involve	involve	VERB
cjrl-2328	184	98	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	184	99	seizure	seizure	NOUN
cjrl-2328	184	100	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	184	101	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	185	1	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	185	2	alteration	alteration	NOUN
cjrl-2328	185	3	omitted	omit	VERB
cjrl-2328	185	4	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	185	5	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	185	6	internal	internal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	185	7	quotation	quotation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	185	8	marks	mark	NOUN
cjrl-2328	185	9	omitted	omit	VERB
cjrl-2328	185	10	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	185	11	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	185	12	with	with	ADP
cjrl-2328	185	13	sledd	sledd	PROPN
cjrl-2328	185	14	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	185	15	lindsay	lindsay	PROPN
cjrl-2328	185	16	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	185	17	102	102	NUM
cjrl-2328	185	18	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	185	19	282	282	NUM
cjrl-2328	185	20	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	185	21	288	288	NUM
cjrl-2328	185	22	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	185	23	7th	7th	ADJ
cjrl-2328	185	24	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	185	25	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	185	26	1996	1996	NUM
cjrl-2328	185	27	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	185	28	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	185	29	observing	observe	VERB
cjrl-2328	185	30	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	185	31	under	under	ADP
cjrl-2328	185	32	seventh	seventh	ADJ
cjrl-2328	185	33	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cjrl-2328	185	34	law	law	NOUN
cjrl-2328	185	35	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	185	36	if	if	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	185	37	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	185	38	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	185	39	conceals	conceal	VERB
cjrl-2328	185	40	his	his	PRON
cjrl-2328	185	41	identity	identity	NOUN
cjrl-2328	185	42	as	as	ADP
cjrl-2328	185	43	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	185	44	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	185	45	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	185	46	doctrine	doctrine	NOUN
cjrl-2328	185	47	controlling	control	VERB
cjrl-2328	185	48	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	185	49	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	185	50	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	185	51	lethal	lethal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	185	52	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	185	53	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	185	54	modified	modify	VERB
cjrl-2328	185	55	because	because	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	185	56	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	185	57	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	185	58	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	185	59	unreasonably	unreasonably	ADV
cjrl-2328	185	60	create[s	create[	VERB
cjrl-2328	185	61	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	185	62	]	]	X
cjrl-2328	185	63	encounter	encounter	NOUN
cjrl-2328	185	64	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	185	65	[	[	X
cjrl-2328	185	66	leads	lead	VERB
cjrl-2328	185	67	]	]	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	185	68	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	185	69	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	185	70	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	185	71	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	185	72	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	185	73	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	185	74	by	by	ADP
cjrl-2328	185	75	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	185	76	entering	enter	VERB
cjrl-2328	185	77	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	185	78	private	private	ADJ
cjrl-2328	185	79	residence	residence	NOUN
cjrl-2328	185	80	late	late	ADV
cjrl-2328	185	81	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	185	82	night	night	NOUN
cjrl-2328	185	83	with	with	ADP
cjrl-2328	185	84	no	no	DET
cjrl-2328	185	85	indication	indication	NOUN
cjrl-2328	185	86	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	185	87	identity	identity	NOUN
cjrl-2328	185	88	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	185	89	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	185	90	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	186	1	50	50	NUM
cjrl-2328	186	2	williams	william	NOUN
cjrl-2328	186	3	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	186	4	797	797	NUM
cjrl-2328	186	5	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	186	6	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	186	7	483	483	NUM
cjrl-2328	186	8	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	186	9	14	14	NUM
cjrl-2328	186	10	columbia	columbia	PROPN
cjrl-2328	186	11	journal	journal	PROPN
cjrl-2328	186	12	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	186	13	race	race	NOUN
cjrl-2328	186	14	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	186	15	law	law	NOUN
cjrl-2328	186	16	[	[	X
cjrl-2328	186	17	vol	vol	NOUN
cjrl-2328	186	18	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	186	19	8:1	8:1	NUM
cjrl-2328	186	20	rowland	rowland	NOUN
cjrl-2328	186	21	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	186	22	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	186	23	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	186	24	thirty	thirty	NUM
cjrl-2328	186	25	-	-	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	186	26	seven	seven	NUM
cjrl-2328	186	27	-	-	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	186	28	year	year	NOUN
cjrl-2328	186	29	-	-	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	186	30	old	old	ADJ
cjrl-2328	186	31	man	man	NOUN
cjrl-2328	186	32	who	who	PRON
cjrl-2328	186	33	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	186	34	mildly	mildly	ADV
cjrl-2328	186	35	retarded.51	retarded.51	NOUN
cjrl-2328	186	36	although	although	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	186	37	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	186	38	accounts	account	NOUN
cjrl-2328	186	39	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	186	40	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	186	41	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	186	42	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	186	43	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	186	44	perry	perry	PROPN
cjrl-2328	186	45	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	186	46	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	186	47	rowland	rowland	PROPN
cjrl-2328	186	48	differed	differ	VERB
cjrl-2328	186	49	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	186	50	what	what	PRON
cjrl-2328	186	51	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	186	52	clear	clear	ADJ
cjrl-2328	186	53	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	186	54	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	186	55	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	186	56	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	186	57	believed	believe	VERB
cjrl-2328	186	58	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	186	59	rowland	rowland	PROPN
cjrl-2328	186	60	had	have	AUX
cjrl-2328	186	61	picked	pick	VERB
cjrl-2328	186	62	up	up	ADP
cjrl-2328	186	63	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	186	64	five	five	NUM
cjrl-2328	186	65	dollar	dollar	NOUN
cjrl-2328	186	66	bill	bill	NOUN
cjrl-2328	186	67	after	after	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	186	68	he	he	PRON
cjrl-2328	186	69	saw	see	VERB
cjrl-2328	186	70	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	186	71	woman	woman	NOUN
cjrl-2328	186	72	drop	drop	VERB
cjrl-2328	186	73	it	it	PRON
cjrl-2328	186	74	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	186	75	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	186	76	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	186	77	told	tell	VERB
cjrl-2328	186	78	rowland	rowland	PROPN
cjrl-2328	186	79	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	186	80	return	return	VERB
cjrl-2328	186	81	it	it	PRON
cjrl-2328	186	82	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	186	83	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	186	84	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	186	85	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	186	86	whatever	whatever	DET
cjrl-2328	186	87	reason	reason	NOUN
cjrl-2328	186	88	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	186	89	rowland	rowland	PROPN
cjrl-2328	186	90	did	do	AUX
cjrl-2328	186	91	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	186	92	do	do	VERB
cjrl-2328	186	93	so	so	ADV
cjrl-2328	186	94	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	187	1	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	187	2	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	187	3	confronted	confront	VERB
cjrl-2328	187	4	rowland	rowland	PROPN
cjrl-2328	187	5	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	187	6	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	187	7	struggle	struggle	NOUN
cjrl-2328	187	8	began	begin	VERB
cjrl-2328	187	9	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	188	1	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	188	2	some	some	DET
cjrl-2328	188	3	point	point	NOUN
cjrl-2328	188	4	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	188	5	officer	officer	PROPN
cjrl-2328	188	6	perry	perry	PROPN
cjrl-2328	188	7	twisted	twisted	PROPN
cjrl-2328	188	8	rowland	rowland	PROPN
cjrl-2328	188	9	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	188	10	leg	leg	NOUN
cjrl-2328	188	11	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	188	12	tearing	tear	VERB
cjrl-2328	188	13	his	his	PRON
cjrl-2328	188	14	anterior	anterior	ADJ
cjrl-2328	188	15	cruciate	cruciate	NOUN
cjrl-2328	188	16	ligament	ligament	NOUN
cjrl-2328	188	17	such	such	ADJ
cjrl-2328	188	18	that	that	DET
cjrl-2328	188	19	rowland	rowland	PROPN
cjrl-2328	188	20	later	later	ADV
cjrl-2328	188	21	required	require	VERB
cjrl-2328	188	22	surgery	surgery	NOUN
cjrl-2328	188	23	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	188	24	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	188	25	left	leave	VERB
cjrl-2328	188	26	partially	partially	ADV
cjrl-2328	188	27	disabled.52	disabled.52	ADJ
cjrl-2328	188	28	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	188	29	perry	perry	PROPN
cjrl-2328	188	30	argued	argue	VERB
cjrl-2328	188	31	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	188	32	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	188	33	excessive	excessive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	188	34	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	188	35	claim	claim	NOUN
cjrl-2328	188	36	should	should	AUX
cjrl-2328	188	37	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	188	38	analyzed	analyze	VERB
cjrl-2328	188	39	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	188	40	stages	stage	NOUN
cjrl-2328	188	41	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	188	42	or	or	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	188	43	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	188	44	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	188	45	other	other	ADJ
cjrl-2328	188	46	words	word	NOUN
cjrl-2328	188	47	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	188	48	through	through	ADP
cjrl-2328	188	49	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	188	50	segmented	segment	VERB
cjrl-2328	188	51	approach	approach	NOUN
cjrl-2328	188	52	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	189	1	53	53	NUM
cjrl-2328	189	2	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	189	3	court	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	189	4	rejected	reject	VERB
cjrl-2328	189	5	perry	perry	PROPN
cjrl-2328	189	6	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	189	7	proposed	propose	VERB
cjrl-2328	189	8	approach	approach	NOUN
cjrl-2328	189	9	as	as	ADP
cjrl-2328	189	10	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	189	11	miss[ing	miss[e	VERB
cjrl-2328	189	12	]	]	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	189	13	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	189	14	forest	forest	NOUN
cjrl-2328	189	15	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	189	16	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	189	17	trees	tree	NOUN
cjrl-2328	189	18	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	190	1	”54	”54	VERB
cjrl-2328	190	2	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	190	3	artificial	artificial	ADJ
cjrl-2328	190	4	divisions	division	NOUN
cjrl-2328	190	5	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	190	6	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	190	7	sequence	sequence	NOUN
cjrl-2328	190	8	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	190	9	events	event	NOUN
cjrl-2328	190	10	do	do	AUX
cjrl-2328	190	11	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	190	12	aid	aid	VERB
cjrl-2328	190	13	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	190	14	court	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	190	15	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	190	16	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	190	17	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	190	18	objective	objective	ADJ
cjrl-2328	190	19	reasonableness	reasonableness	NOUN
cjrl-2328	190	20	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	190	21	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	191	1	55	55	NUM
cjrl-2328	191	2	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	191	3	court	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	191	4	then	then	ADV
cjrl-2328	191	5	applied	apply	VERB
cjrl-2328	191	6	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	191	7	graham	graham	PROPN
cjrl-2328	191	8	factors	factor	NOUN
cjrl-2328	191	9	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	191	10	concluded	conclude	VERB
cjrl-2328	191	11	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	191	12	it	it	PRON
cjrl-2328	191	13	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	191	14	impossible	impossible	ADJ
cjrl-2328	191	15	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	191	16	escape	escape	VERB
cjrl-2328	191	17	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	191	18	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
cjrl-2328	191	19	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	191	20	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	191	21	man	man	NOUN
cjrl-2328	191	22	suffered	suffer	VERB
cjrl-2328	191	23	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	191	24	serious	serious	ADJ
cjrl-2328	191	25	leg	leg	NOUN
cjrl-2328	191	26	injury	injury	NOUN
cjrl-2328	191	27	over	over	ADP
cjrl-2328	191	28	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	191	29	lost	lose	VERB
cjrl-2328	191	30	five	five	NUM
cjrl-2328	191	31	dollar	dollar	NOUN
cjrl-2328	191	32	bill	bill	NOUN
cjrl-2328	191	33	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	192	1	”56	”56	VERB
cjrl-2328	192	2	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	192	3	waterman	waterman	PROPN
cjrl-2328	192	4	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	192	5	batton,57	batton,57	PROPN
cjrl-2328	192	6	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	192	7	divided	divide	VERB
cjrl-2328	192	8	panel	panel	NOUN
cjrl-2328	192	9	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	192	10	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	192	11	fourth	fourth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	192	12	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cjrl-2328	192	13	adopted	adopt	VERB
cjrl-2328	192	14	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	192	15	different	different	ADJ
cjrl-2328	192	16	approach	approach	NOUN
cjrl-2328	192	17	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	193	1	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	193	2	case	case	NOUN
cjrl-2328	193	3	involved	involve	VERB
cjrl-2328	193	4	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	193	5	encounter	encounter	NOUN
cjrl-2328	193	6	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	193	7	which	which	PRON
cjrl-2328	193	8	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	193	9	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	193	10	fired	fire	VERB
cjrl-2328	193	11	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	193	12	initial	initial	ADJ
cjrl-2328	193	13	round	round	NOUN
cjrl-2328	193	14	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	193	15	gunfire	gunfire	NOUN
cjrl-2328	193	16	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	193	17	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	193	18	motorist	motorist	NOUN
cjrl-2328	193	19	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	193	20	then	then	ADV
cjrl-2328	193	21	seconds	second	NOUN
cjrl-2328	193	22	later	later	ADV
cjrl-2328	193	23	another	another	DET
cjrl-2328	193	24	round	round	NOUN
cjrl-2328	193	25	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	194	1	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	194	2	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	194	3	argued	argue	VERB
cjrl-2328	194	4	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	194	5	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	194	6	shots	shot	NOUN
cjrl-2328	194	7	should	should	AUX
cjrl-2328	194	8	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	194	9	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	194	10	analyzed	analyze	VERB
cjrl-2328	194	11	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	194	12	segments	segment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	194	13	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	195	1	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	195	2	panel	panel	NOUN
cjrl-2328	195	3	interpreted	interpret	VERB
cjrl-2328	195	4	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	195	5	controlling	control	VERB
cjrl-2328	195	6	cases	case	NOUN
cjrl-2328	195	7	as	as	ADP
cjrl-2328	195	8	failing	fail	VERB
cjrl-2328	195	9	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	195	10	clearly	clearly	ADV
cjrl-2328	195	11	establish	establish	VERB
cjrl-2328	195	12	whether	whether	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	195	13	events	event	NOUN
cjrl-2328	195	14	should	should	AUX
cjrl-2328	195	15	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	195	16	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	195	17	reviewed	review	VERB
cjrl-2328	195	18	outside	outside	ADP
cjrl-2328	195	19	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	195	20	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	195	21	context	context	NOUN
cjrl-2328	195	22	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	195	23	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	195	24	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	195	25	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	195	26	precipitated	precipitate	VERB
cjrl-2328	195	27	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	195	28	seizure,”58	seizure,”58	ADJ
cjrl-2328	195	29	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	195	30	whether	whether	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	195	31	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	195	32	segmented	segment	VERB
cjrl-2328	195	33	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cjrl-2328	195	34	should	should	AUX
cjrl-2328	195	35	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	195	36	applied.59	applied.59	VERB
cjrl-2328	195	37	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	195	38	waterman	waterman	PROPN
cjrl-2328	195	39	court	court	PROPN
cjrl-2328	195	40	then	then	ADV
cjrl-2328	195	41	looked	look	VERB
cjrl-2328	195	42	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	195	43	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	195	44	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	195	45	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	195	46	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	195	47	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	195	48	lethal	lethal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	195	49	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	195	50	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	195	51	applying	apply	VERB
cjrl-2328	195	52	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	195	53	segmented	segment	VERB
cjrl-2328	195	54	approach	approach	NOUN
cjrl-2328	195	55	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	195	56	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	195	57	determined	determine	VERB
cjrl-2328	195	58	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	195	59	while	while	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	195	60	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	195	61	early	early	ADJ
cjrl-2328	195	62	rounds	round	NOUN
cjrl-2328	195	63	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	195	64	gunfire	gunfire	NOUN
cjrl-2328	195	65	were	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	195	66	51	51	NUM
cjrl-2328	195	67	rowland	rowland	NOUN
cjrl-2328	195	68	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	195	69	perry	perry	PROPN
cjrl-2328	195	70	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	195	71	41	41	NUM
cjrl-2328	195	72	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	195	73	167	167	NUM
cjrl-2328	195	74	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	195	75	171	171	NUM
cjrl-2328	195	76	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	195	77	4th	4th	ADJ
cjrl-2328	195	78	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	195	79	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	195	80	1994	1994	NUM
cjrl-2328	195	81	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	195	82	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	196	1	52	52	NUM
cjrl-2328	197	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	197	2	d.	d.	NOUN
cjrl-2328	197	3	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	197	4	171–72	171–72	NUM
cjrl-2328	197	5	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	198	1	53	53	NUM
cjrl-2328	198	2	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	198	3	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	198	4	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	198	5	173	173	NUM
cjrl-2328	198	6	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	199	1	54	54	NUM
cjrl-2328	200	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	200	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	200	3	55	55	NUM
cjrl-2328	201	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	201	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	201	3	56	56	NUM
cjrl-2328	202	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	202	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	202	3	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	202	4	174	174	NUM
cjrl-2328	202	5	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	203	1	57	57	NUM
cjrl-2328	203	2	waterman	waterman	PROPN
cjrl-2328	203	3	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	203	4	batton	batton	PROPN
cjrl-2328	203	5	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	203	6	393	393	NUM
cjrl-2328	203	7	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	203	8	471	471	NUM
cjrl-2328	203	9	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	203	10	481	481	NUM
cjrl-2328	203	11	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	203	12	4th	4th	ADJ
cjrl-2328	203	13	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	203	14	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	203	15	2004	2004	NUM
cjrl-2328	203	16	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	204	1	58	58	NUM
cjrl-2328	205	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	205	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	205	3	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	205	4	480	480	NUM
cjrl-2328	205	5	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	206	1	59	59	NUM
cjrl-2328	207	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	207	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	207	3	no	no	INTJ
cjrl-2328	207	4	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	208	1	1:1	1:1	NUM
cjrl-2328	208	2	]	]	X
cjrl-2328	208	3	dismantling	dismantle	VERB
cjrl-2328	208	4	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	208	5	trap	trap	NOUN
cjrl-2328	208	6	15	15	NUM
cjrl-2328	208	7	justified	justify	VERB
cjrl-2328	208	8	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	208	9	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	208	10	later	later	ADJ
cjrl-2328	208	11	rounds	round	NOUN
cjrl-2328	208	12	were	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	208	13	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	208	14	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	208	15	because	because	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	208	16	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	208	17	immediate	immediate	ADJ
cjrl-2328	208	18	threat	threat	NOUN
cjrl-2328	208	19	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	208	20	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	208	21	safety	safety	NOUN
cjrl-2328	208	22	had	have	AUX
cjrl-2328	208	23	been	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	208	24	alleviated.60	alleviated.60	PROPN
cjrl-2328	208	25	as	as	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	208	26	waterman	waterman	PROPN
cjrl-2328	208	27	reveals	reveal	VERB
cjrl-2328	208	28	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	208	29	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	208	30	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	208	31	try	try	AUX
cjrl-2328	208	32	divide	divide	VERB
cjrl-2328	208	33	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	208	34	incident	incident	NOUN
cjrl-2328	208	35	into	into	ADP
cjrl-2328	208	36	segments	segment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	208	37	are	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	208	38	often	often	ADV
cjrl-2328	208	39	concerned	concerned	ADJ
cjrl-2328	208	40	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	208	41	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	208	42	reasonableness	reasonableness	NOUN
cjrl-2328	208	43	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cjrl-2328	208	44	changes	change	NOUN
cjrl-2328	208	45	during	during	ADP
cjrl-2328	208	46	prolonged	prolonged	ADJ
cjrl-2328	208	47	encounters	encounter	NOUN
cjrl-2328	208	48	as	as	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	208	49	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	208	50	change.61	change.61	VERB
cjrl-2328	208	51	this	this	PRON
cjrl-2328	208	52	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	208	53	true	true	ADJ
cjrl-2328	208	54	both	both	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	208	55	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	208	56	cases	case	NOUN
cjrl-2328	208	57	where	where	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	208	58	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	208	59	are	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	208	60	faced	face	VERB
cjrl-2328	208	61	with	with	ADP
cjrl-2328	208	62	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	208	63	growing	grow	VERB
cjrl-2328	208	64	threat	threat	NOUN
cjrl-2328	208	65	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	208	66	justifies	justify	VERB
cjrl-2328	208	67	increasing	increase	VERB
cjrl-2328	208	68	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	208	69	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	208	70	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	208	71	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	208	72	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	208	73	where	where	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	208	74	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	208	75	threat	threat	NOUN
cjrl-2328	208	76	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	208	77	alleviated	alleviate	VERB
cjrl-2328	208	78	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	208	79	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	208	80	justification	justification	NOUN
cjrl-2328	208	81	decreases	decrease	VERB
cjrl-2328	208	82	with	with	ADP
cjrl-2328	208	83	time	time	NOUN
cjrl-2328	208	84	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	209	1	yet	yet	ADV
cjrl-2328	209	2	while	while	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	209	3	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	209	4	strength	strength	NOUN
cjrl-2328	209	5	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	209	6	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	209	7	segmented	segment	VERB
cjrl-2328	209	8	approach	approach	NOUN
cjrl-2328	209	9	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	209	10	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	209	11	flexibility	flexibility	NOUN
cjrl-2328	209	12	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	209	13	adjust	adjust	VERB
cjrl-2328	209	14	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	209	15	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cjrl-2328	209	16	as	as	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	209	17	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	209	18	change	change	VERB
cjrl-2328	209	19	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	209	20	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	209	21	weakness	weakness	NOUN
cjrl-2328	209	22	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	209	23	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	209	24	segmented	segment	VERB
cjrl-2328	209	25	approach	approach	NOUN
cjrl-2328	209	26	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	209	27	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	209	28	it	it	PRON
cjrl-2328	209	29	can	can	AUX
cjrl-2328	209	30	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	209	31	easily	easily	ADV
cjrl-2328	209	32	manipulated	manipulate	VERB
cjrl-2328	209	33	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	209	34	reach	reach	VERB
cjrl-2328	209	35	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	209	36	intended	intend	VERB
cjrl-2328	209	37	result	result	NOUN
cjrl-2328	209	38	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	210	1	indeed	indeed	ADV
cjrl-2328	210	2	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	210	3	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	210	4	seem	seem	VERB
cjrl-2328	210	5	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	210	6	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	210	7	segmenting	segment	VERB
cjrl-2328	210	8	events	event	NOUN
cjrl-2328	210	9	when	when	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	210	10	necessary	necessary	ADJ
cjrl-2328	210	11	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	210	12	avoid	avoid	VERB
cjrl-2328	210	13	reaching	reach	VERB
cjrl-2328	210	14	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	210	15	disturbing	disturbing	ADJ
cjrl-2328	210	16	result	result	NOUN
cjrl-2328	210	17	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	210	18	such	such	ADJ
cjrl-2328	210	19	as	as	ADP
cjrl-2328	210	20	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	210	21	claybrook	claybrook	NOUN
cjrl-2328	210	22	where	where	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	210	23	manipulating	manipulate	VERB
cjrl-2328	210	24	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	210	25	divisions	division	NOUN
cjrl-2328	210	26	between	between	ADP
cjrl-2328	210	27	segments	segment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	210	28	could	could	AUX
cjrl-2328	210	29	have	have	AUX
cjrl-2328	210	30	resulted	result	VERB
cjrl-2328	210	31	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	210	32	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	210	33	exclusion	exclusion	NOUN
cjrl-2328	210	34	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	210	35	evidence	evidence	NOUN
cjrl-2328	210	36	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	210	37	undercover	undercover	ADJ
cjrl-2328	210	38	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	210	39	ambushed	ambush	VERB
cjrl-2328	210	40	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	210	41	began	begin	VERB
cjrl-2328	210	42	shooting	shoot	VERB
cjrl-2328	210	43	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	210	44	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	210	45	civilian	civilian	NOUN
cjrl-2328	210	46	without	without	ADP
cjrl-2328	210	47	warning.62	warning.62	NOUN
cjrl-2328	210	48	moreover	moreover	ADV
cjrl-2328	210	49	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	210	50	as	as	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	210	51	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	210	52	claybrook	claybrook	NOUN
cjrl-2328	210	53	court	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	210	54	recognized	recognize	VERB
cjrl-2328	210	55	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	210	56	segmenting	segment	VERB
cjrl-2328	210	57	can	can	AUX
cjrl-2328	210	58	lead	lead	VERB
cjrl-2328	210	59	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	210	60	inconsistent	inconsistent	ADJ
cjrl-2328	210	61	results	result	NOUN
cjrl-2328	210	62	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	211	1	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	211	2	short	short	ADJ
cjrl-2328	211	3	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	211	4	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	211	5	segmented	segment	VERB
cjrl-2328	211	6	approach	approach	NOUN
cjrl-2328	211	7	does	do	AUX
cjrl-2328	211	8	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	211	9	provide	provide	VERB
cjrl-2328	211	10	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	211	11	principle	principle	NOUN
cjrl-2328	211	12	for	for	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	211	13	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	211	14	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	211	15	determine	determine	VERB
cjrl-2328	211	16	how	how	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	211	17	preseizure	preseizure	NOUN
cjrl-2328	211	18	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	211	19	are	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	211	20	relevant	relevant	ADJ
cjrl-2328	211	21	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	211	22	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	211	23	eventual	eventual	ADJ
cjrl-2328	211	24	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	211	25	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	211	26	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	211	27	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	212	1	60	60	NUM
cjrl-2328	213	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	213	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	213	3	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	213	4	482	482	NUM
cjrl-2328	213	5	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	213	6	holding	hold	VERB
cjrl-2328	213	7	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	213	8	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	213	9	later	later	ADJ
cjrl-2328	213	10	round	round	NOUN
cjrl-2328	213	11	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	213	12	gunfire	gunfire	NOUN
cjrl-2328	213	13	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	213	14	unconstitutional	unconstitutional	ADJ
cjrl-2328	213	15	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	213	16	but	but	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	213	17	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	213	18	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	213	19	law	law	NOUN
cjrl-2328	213	20	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	213	21	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	213	22	time	time	NOUN
cjrl-2328	213	23	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	213	24	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	213	25	clearly	clearly	ADV
cjrl-2328	213	26	established	establish	VERB
cjrl-2328	213	27	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	213	28	order	order	NOUN
cjrl-2328	213	29	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	213	30	defeat	defeat	VERB
cjrl-2328	213	31	qualified	qualified	ADJ
cjrl-2328	213	32	immunity	immunity	NOUN
cjrl-2328	213	33	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	213	34	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	214	1	61	61	NUM
cjrl-2328	214	2	see	see	VERB
cjrl-2328	214	3	dickerson	dickerson	PROPN
cjrl-2328	214	4	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	214	5	mcclellan	mcclellan	PROPN
cjrl-2328	214	6	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	214	7	101	101	NUM
cjrl-2328	214	8	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	214	9	1151	1151	NUM
cjrl-2328	214	10	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	214	11	1162	1162	NUM
cjrl-2328	214	12	n.9	n.9	X
cjrl-2328	214	13	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	214	14	6th	6th	ADJ
cjrl-2328	214	15	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	214	16	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	214	17	1996	1996	NUM
cjrl-2328	214	18	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	214	19	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	214	20	observing	observe	VERB
cjrl-2328	214	21	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	214	22	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	214	23	different	different	ADJ
cjrl-2328	214	24	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cjrl-2328	214	25	may	may	AUX
cjrl-2328	214	26	apply	apply	VERB
cjrl-2328	214	27	if	if	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	214	28	it	it	PRON
cjrl-2328	214	29	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	214	30	determined	determine	VERB
cjrl-2328	214	31	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	214	32	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	214	33	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	214	34	’	’	PART
cjrl-2328	214	35	initial	initial	ADJ
cjrl-2328	214	36	decision	decision	NOUN
cjrl-2328	214	37	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	214	38	shoot	shoot	VERB
cjrl-2328	214	39	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	214	40	reasonable	reasonable	ADJ
cjrl-2328	214	41	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	214	42	but	but	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	214	43	there	there	PRON
cjrl-2328	214	44	was	be	VERB
cjrl-2328	214	45	no	no	DET
cjrl-2328	214	46	justification	justification	NOUN
cjrl-2328	214	47	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	214	48	continuing	continue	VERB
cjrl-2328	214	49	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	214	50	shoot	shoot	VERB
cjrl-2328	214	51	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	214	52	;	;	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	214	53	ellis	ellis	PROPN
cjrl-2328	214	54	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	214	55	wynalda	wynalda	PROPN
cjrl-2328	214	56	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	214	57	999	999	NUM
cjrl-2328	214	58	f.2d	f.2d	NOUN
cjrl-2328	214	59	243	243	NUM
cjrl-2328	214	60	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	214	61	247	247	NUM
cjrl-2328	214	62	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	214	63	7th	7th	ADJ
cjrl-2328	214	64	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	214	65	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	214	66	1993	1993	NUM
cjrl-2328	214	67	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	214	68	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	214	69	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	214	70	when	when	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	214	71	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	214	72	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	214	73	faces	face	VERB
cjrl-2328	214	74	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	214	75	situation	situation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	214	76	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	214	77	which	which	PRON
cjrl-2328	214	78	he	he	PRON
cjrl-2328	214	79	could	could	AUX
cjrl-2328	214	80	justifiably	justifiably	ADV
cjrl-2328	214	81	shoot	shoot	VERB
cjrl-2328	214	82	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	214	83	he	he	PRON
cjrl-2328	214	84	does	do	AUX
cjrl-2328	214	85	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	214	86	retain	retain	VERB
cjrl-2328	214	87	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	214	88	right	right	NOUN
cjrl-2328	214	89	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	214	90	shoot	shoot	VERB
cjrl-2328	214	91	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	214	92	any	any	DET
cjrl-2328	214	93	time	time	NOUN
cjrl-2328	214	94	thereafter	thereafter	ADV
cjrl-2328	214	95	with	with	ADP
cjrl-2328	214	96	impunity	impunity	NOUN
cjrl-2328	214	97	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	214	98	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	214	99	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	214	100	;	;	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	214	101	hopkins	hopkins	PROPN
cjrl-2328	214	102	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	214	103	andaya	andaya	PROPN
cjrl-2328	214	104	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	214	105	958	958	NUM
cjrl-2328	214	106	f.2d	f.2d	SYM
cjrl-2328	214	107	881	881	NUM
cjrl-2328	214	108	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	214	109	887	887	NUM
cjrl-2328	214	110	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	214	111	9th	9th	ADJ
cjrl-2328	214	112	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	214	113	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	214	114	1992	1992	NUM
cjrl-2328	214	115	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	214	116	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	214	117	dividing	divide	VERB
cjrl-2328	214	118	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	214	119	encounter	encounter	NOUN
cjrl-2328	214	120	into	into	ADP
cjrl-2328	214	121	two	two	NUM
cjrl-2328	214	122	segments	segment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	214	123	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	214	124	holding	hold	VERB
cjrl-2328	214	125	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	214	126	even	even	ADV
cjrl-2328	214	127	if	if	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	214	128	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	214	129	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	214	130	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	214	131	deadly	deadly	ADJ
cjrl-2328	214	132	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	214	133	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	214	134	justified	justify	VERB
cjrl-2328	214	135	initially	initially	ADV
cjrl-2328	214	136	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	214	137	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	214	138	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	214	139	exigency	exigency	NOUN
cjrl-2328	214	140	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	214	141	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	214	142	situation	situation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	214	143	lessened	lessen	VERB
cjrl-2328	214	144	dramatically	dramatically	ADV
cjrl-2328	214	145	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	214	146	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	214	147	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	214	148	later	later	ADJ
cjrl-2328	214	149	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	214	150	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	214	151	lethal	lethal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	214	152	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	214	153	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	214	154	unreasonable	unreasonable	ADJ
cjrl-2328	214	155	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	214	156	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	215	1	62	62	NUM
cjrl-2328	215	2	claybrook	claybrook	NOUN
cjrl-2328	215	3	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	215	4	274	274	NUM
cjrl-2328	215	5	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	215	6	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	215	7	1104	1104	NUM
cjrl-2328	215	8	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	216	1	16	16	NUM
cjrl-2328	216	2	columbia	columbia	PROPN
cjrl-2328	216	3	journal	journal	PROPN
cjrl-2328	216	4	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	216	5	race	race	NOUN
cjrl-2328	216	6	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	216	7	law	law	NOUN
cjrl-2328	216	8	[	[	X
cjrl-2328	216	9	vol	vol	NOUN
cjrl-2328	216	10	.	.	NOUN
cjrl-2328	216	11	8:1	8:1	NUM
cjrl-2328	216	12	as	as	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	216	13	judge	judge	NOUN
cjrl-2328	216	14	higginbotham	higginbotham	PROPN
cjrl-2328	216	15	excoriated	excoriate	VERB
cjrl-2328	216	16	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	216	17	mason	mason	PROPN
cjrl-2328	216	18	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	216	19	lafayette	lafayette	PROPN
cjrl-2328	216	20	city	city	PROPN
cjrl-2328	216	21	-	-	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	216	22	parish	parish	ADJ
cjrl-2328	216	23	consolidated	consolidated	ADJ
cjrl-2328	216	24	government	government	NOUN
cjrl-2328	216	25	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	216	26	63	63	NUM
cjrl-2328	216	27	appellate	appellate	ADJ
cjrl-2328	216	28	judges	judge	NOUN
cjrl-2328	216	29	have	have	VERB
cjrl-2328	216	30	yet	yet	ADV
cjrl-2328	216	31	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	216	32	explain	explain	VERB
cjrl-2328	216	33	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	216	34	from	from	ADP
cjrl-2328	216	35	where	where	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	216	36	[	[	X
cjrl-2328	216	37	they	they	PRON
cjrl-2328	216	38	]	]	AUX
cjrl-2328	216	39	derive	derive	VERB
cjrl-2328	216	40	[	[	X
cjrl-2328	216	41	]	]	X
cjrl-2328	216	42	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	216	43	authority	authority	NOUN
cjrl-2328	216	44	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	216	45	slice	slice	VERB
cjrl-2328	216	46	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	216	47	single	single	ADJ
cjrl-2328	216	48	event	event	NOUN
cjrl-2328	216	49	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	216	50	choose	choose	VERB
cjrl-2328	216	51	from	from	ADP
cjrl-2328	216	52	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	216	53	resulting	result	VERB
cjrl-2328	216	54	parts	part	NOUN
cjrl-2328	216	55	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	216	56	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	216	57	appeal	appeal	NOUN
cjrl-2328	216	58	which	which	PRON
cjrl-2328	216	59	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	216	60	decide	decide	VERB
cjrl-2328	216	61	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	217	1	”64	”64	PROPN
cjrl-2328	217	2	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	217	3	mason	mason	PROPN
cjrl-2328	217	4	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	217	5	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	217	6	fifth	fifth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	217	7	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cjrl-2328	217	8	panel	panel	NOUN
cjrl-2328	217	9	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	217	10	asked	ask	VERB
cjrl-2328	217	11	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	217	12	consider	consider	VERB
cjrl-2328	217	13	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	217	14	encounter	encounter	NOUN
cjrl-2328	217	15	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	217	16	which	which	PRON
cjrl-2328	217	17	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	217	18	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	217	19	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	217	20	fired	fire	VERB
cjrl-2328	217	21	multiple	multiple	ADJ
cjrl-2328	217	22	shots	shot	NOUN
cjrl-2328	217	23	with	with	ADP
cjrl-2328	217	24	decreasing	decrease	VERB
cjrl-2328	217	25	justification	justification	NOUN
cjrl-2328	217	26	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	218	1	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	218	2	his	his	PRON
cjrl-2328	218	3	partial	partial	ADJ
cjrl-2328	218	4	dissent	dissent	NOUN
cjrl-2328	218	5	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	218	6	judge	judge	PROPN
cjrl-2328	218	7	higginbotham	higginbotham	PROPN
cjrl-2328	218	8	wrote	write	VERB
cjrl-2328	218	9	:	:	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	218	10	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	218	11	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	218	12	am	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	218	13	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	218	14	sea	sea	NOUN
cjrl-2328	218	15	as	as	ADP
cjrl-2328	218	16	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	218	17	why	why	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	218	18	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	218	19	majority	majority	NOUN
cjrl-2328	218	20	slices	slice	VERB
cjrl-2328	218	21	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	218	22	single	single	ADJ
cjrl-2328	218	23	event	event	NOUN
cjrl-2328	218	24	into	into	ADP
cjrl-2328	218	25	distinct	distinct	ADJ
cjrl-2328	218	26	segments	segment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	218	27	—	—	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	218	28	seven	seven	NUM
cjrl-2328	218	29	shots	shot	NOUN
cjrl-2328	218	30	into	into	ADP
cjrl-2328	218	31	five	five	NUM
cjrl-2328	218	32	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	218	33	two	two	NUM
cjrl-2328	218	34	—	—	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	218	35	then	then	ADV
cjrl-2328	218	36	performs	perform	VERB
cjrl-2328	218	37	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	218	38	proper	proper	ADJ
cjrl-2328	218	39	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cjrl-2328	218	40	with	with	ADP
cjrl-2328	218	41	respect	respect	NOUN
cjrl-2328	218	42	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	218	43	one	one	NUM
cjrl-2328	218	44	segment	segment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	218	45	—	—	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	218	46	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	218	47	final	final	ADJ
cjrl-2328	218	48	two	two	NUM
cjrl-2328	218	49	shots	shot	NOUN
cjrl-2328	218	50	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	218	51	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	219	1	.”65	.”65	PROPN
cjrl-2328	220	1	indeed	indeed	ADV
cjrl-2328	220	2	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	220	3	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	220	4	segmenting	segment	VERB
cjrl-2328	220	5	approach	approach	NOUN
cjrl-2328	220	6	could	could	AUX
cjrl-2328	220	7	result	result	VERB
cjrl-2328	220	8	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	220	9	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	220	10	excluding	exclude	VERB
cjrl-2328	220	11	evidence	evidence	NOUN
cjrl-2328	220	12	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	220	13	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	220	14	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	220	15	himself	himself	PRON
cjrl-2328	220	16	created	create	VERB
cjrl-2328	220	17	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	220	18	justification	justification	NOUN
cjrl-2328	220	19	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	220	20	his	his	PRON
cjrl-2328	220	21	later	later	ADJ
cjrl-2328	220	22	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	220	23	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	220	24	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	220	25	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	221	1	this	this	PRON
cjrl-2328	221	2	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	221	3	because	because	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	221	4	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	221	5	test	test	NOUN
cjrl-2328	221	6	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	221	7	focuses	focus	VERB
cjrl-2328	221	8	on	on	ADP
cjrl-2328	221	9	dividing	divide	VERB
cjrl-2328	221	10	pre	pre	VERB
cjrl-2328	221	11	-	-	ADJ
cjrl-2328	221	12	seizure	seizure	ADJ
cjrl-2328	221	13	evidence	evidence	NOUN
cjrl-2328	221	14	based	base	VERB
cjrl-2328	221	15	on	on	ADP
cjrl-2328	221	16	temporal	temporal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	221	17	limitations	limitation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	221	18	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	221	19	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	221	20	suited	suit	VERB
cjrl-2328	221	21	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	221	22	analyze	analyze	VERB
cjrl-2328	221	23	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	221	24	dynamic	dynamic	ADJ
cjrl-2328	221	25	interaction	interaction	NOUN
cjrl-2328	221	26	between	between	ADP
cjrl-2328	221	27	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	221	28	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	221	29	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	221	30	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	221	31	civilian	civilian	NOUN
cjrl-2328	221	32	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	222	1	as	as	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	222	2	will	will	AUX
cjrl-2328	222	3	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	222	4	discussed	discuss	VERB
cjrl-2328	222	5	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	222	6	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	222	7	next	next	ADJ
cjrl-2328	222	8	section	section	NOUN
cjrl-2328	222	9	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	222	10	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	222	11	causation	causation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	222	12	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cjrl-2328	222	13	better	well	ADV
cjrl-2328	222	14	provides	provide	VERB
cjrl-2328	222	15	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	222	16	flexibility	flexibility	NOUN
cjrl-2328	222	17	required	require	VERB
cjrl-2328	222	18	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	222	19	determine	determine	VERB
cjrl-2328	222	20	whether	whether	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	222	21	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	222	22	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	222	23	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	222	24	pre	pre	VERB
cjrl-2328	222	25	-	-	ADJ
cjrl-2328	222	26	seizure	seizure	ADJ
cjrl-2328	222	27	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	222	28	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	222	29	sufficiently	sufficiently	ADV
cjrl-2328	222	30	connected	connect	VERB
cjrl-2328	222	31	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	222	32	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	222	33	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	222	34	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	222	35	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	222	36	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	222	37	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	222	38	relevant	relevant	ADJ
cjrl-2328	222	39	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	222	40	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	222	41	reasonableness	reasonableness	NOUN
cjrl-2328	222	42	determination	determination	NOUN
cjrl-2328	222	43	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	223	1	c.	c.	NOUN
cjrl-2328	223	2	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	223	3	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	223	4	consider	consider	VERB
cjrl-2328	223	5	pre	pre	VERB
cjrl-2328	223	6	-	-	ADJ
cjrl-2328	223	7	seizure	seizure	ADJ
cjrl-2328	223	8	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	223	9	relevant	relevant	ADJ
cjrl-2328	223	10	when	when	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	223	11	connected	connect	VERB
cjrl-2328	223	12	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	223	13	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	223	14	need	need	NOUN
cjrl-2328	223	15	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	223	16	use	use	VERB
cjrl-2328	223	17	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	223	18	under	under	ADP
cjrl-2328	223	19	traditional	traditional	ADJ
cjrl-2328	223	20	principles	principle	NOUN
cjrl-2328	223	21	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	223	22	causation	causation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	223	23	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	223	24	first	first	ADJ
cjrl-2328	223	25	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	223	26	third	third	ADJ
cjrl-2328	223	27	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	223	28	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	223	29	tenth	tenth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	223	30	circuits	circuit	NOUN
cjrl-2328	223	31	have	have	AUX
cjrl-2328	223	32	all	all	PRON
cjrl-2328	223	33	held	hold	VERB
cjrl-2328	223	34	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	223	35	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	223	36	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	223	37	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	223	38	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	223	39	actions	action	NOUN
cjrl-2328	223	40	prior	prior	ADV
cjrl-2328	223	41	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	223	42	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	223	43	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	223	44	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	223	45	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	223	46	are	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	223	47	relevant	relevant	ADJ
cjrl-2328	223	48	63	63	NUM
cjrl-2328	223	49	mason	mason	PROPN
cjrl-2328	223	50	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	223	51	lafayette	lafayette	PROPN
cjrl-2328	223	52	city	city	PROPN
cjrl-2328	223	53	-	-	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	223	54	par	par	NOUN
cjrl-2328	223	55	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	224	1	consol	consol	NOUN
cjrl-2328	224	2	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	225	1	gov’t	gov’t	NOUN
cjrl-2328	225	2	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	225	3	806	806	NUM
cjrl-2328	225	4	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	225	5	268	268	NUM
cjrl-2328	225	6	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	225	7	288	288	NUM
cjrl-2328	225	8	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	225	9	5th	5th	ADJ
cjrl-2328	225	10	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	225	11	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	225	12	2015	2015	NUM
cjrl-2328	225	13	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	225	14	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	226	1	higginbotham	higginbotham	PROPN
cjrl-2328	226	2	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	226	3	j.	j.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	226	4	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	226	5	dissenting	dissent	VERB
cjrl-2328	226	6	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	226	7	part	part	NOUN
cjrl-2328	226	8	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	226	9	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	226	10	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	226	11	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	226	12	some	some	DET
cjrl-2328	226	13	point	point	NOUN
cjrl-2328	226	14	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	226	15	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	226	16	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	226	17	crosses	cross	VERB
cjrl-2328	226	18	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	226	19	line	line	NOUN
cjrl-2328	226	20	between	between	ADP
cjrl-2328	226	21	setting	set	VERB
cjrl-2328	226	22	up	up	ADP
cjrl-2328	226	23	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	226	24	risky	risky	ADJ
cjrl-2328	226	25	situation	situation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	226	26	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	226	27	actually	actually	ADV
cjrl-2328	226	28	himself	himself	PRON
cjrl-2328	226	29	directly	directly	ADV
cjrl-2328	226	30	causing	cause	VERB
cjrl-2328	226	31	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	226	32	‘	'	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	226	33	threat	threat	NOUN
cjrl-2328	226	34	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	226	35	’	'	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	226	36	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	226	37	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	226	38	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	227	1	64	64	NUM
cjrl-2328	228	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	228	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	228	3	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	228	4	285–86	285–86	NUM
cjrl-2328	228	5	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	229	1	65	65	NUM
cjrl-2328	230	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	230	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	230	3	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	230	4	285	285	NUM
cjrl-2328	230	5	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	231	1	no	no	INTJ
cjrl-2328	231	2	.	.	NOUN
cjrl-2328	231	3	1:1	1:1	NUM
cjrl-2328	231	4	]	]	X
cjrl-2328	231	5	dismantling	dismantle	VERB
cjrl-2328	231	6	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	231	7	trap	trap	NOUN
cjrl-2328	231	8	17	17	NUM
cjrl-2328	231	9	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	231	10	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	231	11	reasonableness	reasonableness	NOUN
cjrl-2328	231	12	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cjrl-2328	231	13	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	232	1	66	66	NUM
cjrl-2328	232	2	these	these	DET
cjrl-2328	232	3	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	232	4	interpret	interpret	VERB
cjrl-2328	232	5	graham	graham	PROPN
cjrl-2328	232	6	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	232	7	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	232	8	moment	moment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	232	9	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	232	10	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	232	11	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	232	12	seizure	seizure	NOUN
cjrl-2328	232	13	language	language	NOUN
cjrl-2328	232	14	as	as	ADP
cjrl-2328	232	15	preventing	prevent	VERB
cjrl-2328	232	16	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	232	17	judge	judge	NOUN
cjrl-2328	232	18	from	from	ADP
cjrl-2328	232	19	applying	apply	VERB
cjrl-2328	232	20	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	232	21	hindsight	hindsight	ADJ
cjrl-2328	232	22	perspective	perspective	NOUN
cjrl-2328	232	23	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	232	24	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	232	25	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	232	26	prohibiting	prohibit	VERB
cjrl-2328	232	27	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	232	28	judge	judge	NOUN
cjrl-2328	232	29	from	from	ADP
cjrl-2328	232	30	considering	consider	VERB
cjrl-2328	232	31	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	232	32	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	232	33	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	232	34	earlier	early	ADJ
cjrl-2328	232	35	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	232	36	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	232	37	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	232	38	reasonableness	reasonableness	NOUN
cjrl-2328	232	39	analysis.67	analysis.67	ADP
cjrl-2328	232	40	this	this	DET
cjrl-2328	232	41	interpretation	interpretation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	232	42	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	232	43	graham	graham	PROPN
cjrl-2328	232	44	makes	make	VERB
cjrl-2328	232	45	sense	sense	NOUN
cjrl-2328	232	46	when	when	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	232	47	one	one	PRON
cjrl-2328	232	48	considers	consider	VERB
cjrl-2328	232	49	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	232	50	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	232	51	opinion	opinion	NOUN
cjrl-2328	232	52	later	later	ADV
cjrl-2328	232	53	explains	explain	VERB
cjrl-2328	232	54	:	:	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	232	55	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	232	56	[	[	X
cjrl-2328	232	57	n]ot	n]ot	NOUN
cjrl-2328	232	58	every	every	DET
cjrl-2328	232	59	push	push	NOUN
cjrl-2328	232	60	or	or	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	232	61	shove	shove	VERB
cjrl-2328	232	62	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	232	63	even	even	ADV
cjrl-2328	232	64	if	if	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	232	65	it	it	PRON
cjrl-2328	232	66	may	may	AUX
cjrl-2328	232	67	later	later	ADV
cjrl-2328	232	68	seem	seem	VERB
cjrl-2328	232	69	unnecessary	unnecessary	ADJ
cjrl-2328	232	70	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	232	71	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	232	72	peace	peace	NOUN
cjrl-2328	232	73	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	232	74	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	232	75	judge	judge	NOUN
cjrl-2328	232	76	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	232	77	chambers	chamber	NOUN
cjrl-2328	232	78	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	232	79	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	233	1	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	234	1	violates	violate	VERB
cjrl-2328	234	2	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	234	3	fourth	fourth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	234	4	amendment	amendment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	234	5	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	234	6	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	235	1	68	68	NUM
cjrl-2328	235	2	read	read	VERB
cjrl-2328	235	3	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	235	4	context	context	NOUN
cjrl-2328	235	5	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	235	6	graham	graham	PROPN
cjrl-2328	235	7	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	235	8	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	235	9	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	235	10	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	235	11	moment	moment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	235	12	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	235	13	language	language	NOUN
cjrl-2328	235	14	prohibits	prohibit	VERB
cjrl-2328	235	15	judges	judge	NOUN
cjrl-2328	235	16	from	from	ADP
cjrl-2328	235	17	imposing	impose	VERB
cjrl-2328	235	18	their	their	PRON
cjrl-2328	235	19	own	own	ADJ
cjrl-2328	235	20	perspective	perspective	NOUN
cjrl-2328	235	21	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	235	22	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	235	23	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	235	24	from	from	ADP
cjrl-2328	235	25	considering	consider	VERB
cjrl-2328	235	26	any	any	DET
cjrl-2328	235	27	pre	pre	NOUN
cjrl-2328	235	28	-	-	ADJ
cjrl-2328	235	29	seizure	seizure	ADJ
cjrl-2328	235	30	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	235	31	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	235	32	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	236	1	graham	graham	PROPN
cjrl-2328	236	2	explicitly	explicitly	ADV
cjrl-2328	236	3	identifies	identify	VERB
cjrl-2328	236	4	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	236	5	severity	severity	NOUN
cjrl-2328	236	6	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	236	7	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	236	8	crime	crime	NOUN
cjrl-2328	236	9	as	as	ADP
cjrl-2328	236	10	one	one	NUM
cjrl-2328	236	11	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	236	12	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	236	13	factors	factor	NOUN
cjrl-2328	236	14	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	236	15	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	236	16	must	must	AUX
cjrl-2328	236	17	consider	consider	VERB
cjrl-2328	236	18	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	236	19	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	236	20	therefore	therefore	ADV
cjrl-2328	236	21	requires	require	VERB
cjrl-2328	236	22	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	236	23	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	236	24	contextualize	contextualize	VERB
cjrl-2328	236	25	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	236	26	interaction	interaction	NOUN
cjrl-2328	236	27	beyond	beyond	ADP
cjrl-2328	236	28	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	236	29	temporal	temporal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	236	30	period	period	NOUN
cjrl-2328	236	31	when	when	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	236	32	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	236	33	seizure	seizure	NOUN
cjrl-2328	236	34	happened	happen	VERB
cjrl-2328	236	35	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	237	1	similarly	similarly	ADV
cjrl-2328	237	2	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	237	3	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	237	4	pre	pre	NOUN
cjrl-2328	237	5	-	-	ADJ
cjrl-2328	237	6	seizure	seizure	ADJ
cjrl-2328	237	7	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	237	8	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	237	9	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	237	10	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	237	11	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	237	12	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	237	13	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	237	14	noncontemporaneous	noncontemporaneous	ADJ
cjrl-2328	237	15	factor	factor	NOUN
cjrl-2328	237	16	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	237	17	can	can	AUX
cjrl-2328	237	18	provide	provide	VERB
cjrl-2328	237	19	context	context	NOUN
cjrl-2328	237	20	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	237	21	interpreting	interpret	VERB
cjrl-2328	237	22	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	237	23	reasonableness	reasonableness	NOUN
cjrl-2328	237	24	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	237	25	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	237	26	seizure	seizure	NOUN
cjrl-2328	237	27	itself.69	itself.69	NOUN
cjrl-2328	237	28	this	this	PRON
cjrl-2328	237	29	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	237	30	66	66	NUM
cjrl-2328	237	31	see	see	NOUN
cjrl-2328	237	32	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	237	33	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
cjrl-2328	237	34	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	237	35	st	st	PROPN
cjrl-2328	237	36	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	237	37	hilaire	hilaire	PROPN
cjrl-2328	237	38	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	237	39	city	city	PROPN
cjrl-2328	237	40	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	237	41	laconia	laconia	PROPN
cjrl-2328	237	42	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	237	43	71	71	NUM
cjrl-2328	237	44	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	237	45	20	20	NUM
cjrl-2328	237	46	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	237	47	26	26	NUM
cjrl-2328	237	48	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	237	49	1st	1st	ADJ
cjrl-2328	237	50	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	237	51	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	237	52	1995	1995	NUM
cjrl-2328	237	53	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	237	54	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	237	55	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	237	56	court[s	court[s	PROPN
cjrl-2328	237	57	]	]	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	237	58	should	should	AUX
cjrl-2328	237	59	examine	examine	VERB
cjrl-2328	237	60	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	237	61	actions	action	NOUN
cjrl-2328	237	62	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	237	63	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	237	64	government	government	NOUN
cjrl-2328	237	65	officials	official	NOUN
cjrl-2328	237	66	leading	lead	VERB
cjrl-2328	237	67	up	up	ADP
cjrl-2328	237	68	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	237	69	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	237	70	seizure	seizure	NOUN
cjrl-2328	237	71	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	237	72	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	237	73	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	237	74	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	238	1	67	67	NUM
cjrl-2328	238	2	see	see	VERB
cjrl-2328	238	3	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	238	4	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
cjrl-2328	238	5	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	238	6	young	young	ADJ
cjrl-2328	238	7	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	238	8	city	city	NOUN
cjrl-2328	238	9	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	238	10	providence	providence	NOUN
cjrl-2328	238	11	ex	ex	X
cjrl-2328	238	12	rel	rel	PROPN
cjrl-2328	238	13	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	239	1	napolitano	napolitano	PROPN
cjrl-2328	239	2	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	239	3	404	404	NUM
cjrl-2328	239	4	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	239	5	4	4	NUM
cjrl-2328	239	6	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	239	7	22	22	NUM
cjrl-2328	239	8	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	239	9	1st	1st	ADJ
cjrl-2328	239	10	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	239	11	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	239	12	2005	2005	NUM
cjrl-2328	239	13	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	239	14	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	239	15	explaining	explain	VERB
cjrl-2328	239	16	its	its	PRON
cjrl-2328	239	17	approach	approach	NOUN
cjrl-2328	239	18	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	239	19	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	239	20	most	most	ADV
cjrl-2328	239	21	consistent	consistent	ADJ
cjrl-2328	239	22	with	with	ADP
cjrl-2328	239	23	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	239	24	supreme	supreme	PROPN
cjrl-2328	239	25	court	court	PROPN
cjrl-2328	239	26	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	239	27	mandate	mandate	NOUN
cjrl-2328	239	28	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	239	29	we	we	PRON
cjrl-2328	239	30	consider	consider	VERB
cjrl-2328	239	31	these	these	DET
cjrl-2328	239	32	cases	case	NOUN
cjrl-2328	239	33	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	239	34	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	239	35	‘	'	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	239	36	totality	totality	NOUN
cjrl-2328	239	37	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	239	38	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	239	39	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	239	40	’	'	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	239	41	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	239	42	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	239	43	quoting	quote	VERB
cjrl-2328	239	44	tennessee	tennessee	PROPN
cjrl-2328	239	45	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	239	46	garner	garner	PROPN
cjrl-2328	239	47	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	239	48	471	471	NUM
cjrl-2328	239	49	u.s	u.s	PROPN
cjrl-2328	239	50	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	239	51	1	1	NUM
cjrl-2328	239	52	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	239	53	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	239	54	8–9	8–9	PROPN
cjrl-2328	239	55	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	239	56	1985	1985	NUM
cjrl-2328	239	57	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	239	58	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	239	59	;	;	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	239	60	abraham	abraham	PROPN
cjrl-2328	239	61	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	239	62	raso	raso	NOUN
cjrl-2328	239	63	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	239	64	183	183	NUM
cjrl-2328	239	65	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	239	66	279	279	NUM
cjrl-2328	239	67	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	239	68	291	291	NUM
cjrl-2328	239	69	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	239	70	3d	3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	239	71	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	239	72	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	239	73	1999	1999	NUM
cjrl-2328	239	74	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	239	75	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	239	76	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	239	77	we	we	PRON
cjrl-2328	239	78	do	do	AUX
cjrl-2328	239	79	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	239	80	see	see	VERB
cjrl-2328	239	81	how	how	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	239	82	[	[	X
cjrl-2328	239	83	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	239	84	alternative	alternative	ADJ
cjrl-2328	239	85	approach	approach	NOUN
cjrl-2328	239	86	]	]	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	239	87	can	can	AUX
cjrl-2328	239	88	reconcile	reconcile	VERB
cjrl-2328	239	89	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	239	90	supreme	supreme	PROPN
cjrl-2328	239	91	court	court	PROPN
cjrl-2328	239	92	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	239	93	rule	rule	NOUN
cjrl-2328	239	94	requiring	require	VERB
cjrl-2328	239	95	examination	examination	NOUN
cjrl-2328	239	96	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	239	97	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	239	98	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	239	99	totality	totality	NOUN
cjrl-2328	239	100	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	239	101	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	239	102	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	239	103	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	239	104	with	with	ADP
cjrl-2328	239	105	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	239	106	rigid	rigid	ADJ
cjrl-2328	239	107	rule	rule	NOUN
cjrl-2328	239	108	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	239	109	excludes	exclude	VERB
cjrl-2328	239	110	all	all	DET
cjrl-2328	239	111	context	context	NOUN
cjrl-2328	239	112	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	239	113	causes	cause	VERB
cjrl-2328	239	114	prior	prior	ADV
cjrl-2328	239	115	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	239	116	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	239	117	moment	moment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	239	118	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	239	119	seizure	seizure	NOUN
cjrl-2328	239	120	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	239	121	finally	finally	ADV
cjrl-2328	239	122	accomplished	accomplish	VERB
cjrl-2328	239	123	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	239	124	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	239	125	;	;	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	239	126	medina	medina	PROPN
cjrl-2328	239	127	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	239	128	cram	cram	PROPN
cjrl-2328	239	129	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	239	130	252	252	NUM
cjrl-2328	239	131	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	239	132	1124	1124	NUM
cjrl-2328	239	133	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	239	134	1132	1132	NUM
cjrl-2328	239	135	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	239	136	10th	10th	ADJ
cjrl-2328	239	137	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	239	138	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	239	139	2001	2001	NUM
cjrl-2328	239	140	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	239	141	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	239	142	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	239	143	this	this	DET
cjrl-2328	239	144	approach	approach	NOUN
cjrl-2328	239	145	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	239	146	simply	simply	ADV
cjrl-2328	239	147	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	239	148	specific	specific	ADJ
cjrl-2328	239	149	application	application	NOUN
cjrl-2328	239	150	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	239	151	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	239	152	‘	'	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	239	153	totality	totality	NOUN
cjrl-2328	239	154	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	239	155	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	239	156	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	239	157	’	'	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	239	158	approach	approach	NOUN
cjrl-2328	239	159	inherent	inherent	ADJ
cjrl-2328	239	160	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	239	161	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	239	162	fourth	fourth	PROPN
cjrl-2328	239	163	amendment	amendment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	239	164	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	239	165	reasonableness	reasonableness	NOUN
cjrl-2328	239	166	standard	standard	NOUN
cjrl-2328	239	167	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	239	168	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	240	1	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	240	2	quoting	quote	VERB
cjrl-2328	240	3	garner	garner	NOUN
cjrl-2328	240	4	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	240	5	471	471	NUM
cjrl-2328	240	6	u.s	u.s	PROPN
cjrl-2328	240	7	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	240	8	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	240	9	8–9	8–9	NUM
cjrl-2328	240	10	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	240	11	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	240	12	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	241	1	68	68	NUM
cjrl-2328	241	2	graham	graham	PROPN
cjrl-2328	241	3	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	241	4	490	490	NUM
cjrl-2328	241	5	u.s	u.s	PROPN
cjrl-2328	241	6	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	241	7	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	241	8	396–97	396–97	NUM
cjrl-2328	241	9	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	241	10	citations	citation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	241	11	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	241	12	internal	internal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	241	13	quotation	quotation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	241	14	marks	mark	NOUN
cjrl-2328	241	15	omitted	omit	VERB
cjrl-2328	241	16	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	241	17	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	242	1	see	see	VERB
cjrl-2328	242	2	bella	bella	PROPN
cjrl-2328	242	3	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	242	4	chamberlin	chamberlin	PROPN
cjrl-2328	242	5	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	242	6	24	24	NUM
cjrl-2328	242	7	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	242	8	1251	1251	NUM
cjrl-2328	242	9	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	242	10	1256	1256	NUM
cjrl-2328	242	11	n.7	n.7	X
cjrl-2328	242	12	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	242	13	10th	10th	ADJ
cjrl-2328	242	14	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	242	15	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	242	16	1994	1994	NUM
cjrl-2328	242	17	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	242	18	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	242	19	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	242	20	obviously	obviously	ADV
cjrl-2328	242	21	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	242	22	events	event	NOUN
cjrl-2328	242	23	immediately	immediately	ADV
cjrl-2328	242	24	connected	connect	VERB
cjrl-2328	242	25	with	with	ADP
cjrl-2328	242	26	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	242	27	actual	actual	ADJ
cjrl-2328	242	28	seizure	seizure	NOUN
cjrl-2328	242	29	are	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	242	30	taken	take	VERB
cjrl-2328	242	31	into	into	ADP
cjrl-2328	242	32	account	account	NOUN
cjrl-2328	242	33	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	242	34	determining	determine	VERB
cjrl-2328	242	35	whether	whether	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	242	36	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	242	37	seizure	seizure	NOUN
cjrl-2328	242	38	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	242	39	reasonable	reasonable	ADJ
cjrl-2328	242	40	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	242	41	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	242	42	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	242	43	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	243	1	69	69	NUM
cjrl-2328	243	2	see	see	VERB
cjrl-2328	243	3	deering	deering	PROPN
cjrl-2328	243	4	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	243	5	reich	reich	PROPN
cjrl-2328	243	6	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	243	7	183	183	NUM
cjrl-2328	243	8	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	243	9	645	645	NUM
cjrl-2328	243	10	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	243	11	650	650	NUM
cjrl-2328	243	12	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	243	13	7th	7th	ADJ
cjrl-2328	243	14	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	243	15	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	243	16	1999	1999	NUM
cjrl-2328	243	17	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	243	18	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	243	19	emphasizing	emphasize	VERB
cjrl-2328	243	20	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	243	21	it	it	PRON
cjrl-2328	243	22	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	243	23	relevant	relevant	ADJ
cjrl-2328	243	24	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	243	25	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	243	26	arrest	arrest	NOUN
cjrl-2328	243	27	warrant	warrant	NOUN
cjrl-2328	243	28	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	243	29	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	243	30	attempted	attempt	VERB
cjrl-2328	243	31	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	243	32	serve	serve	VERB
cjrl-2328	243	33	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	243	34	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	243	35	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	243	36	misdemeanor	misdemeanor	NOUN
cjrl-2328	243	37	charge	charge	NOUN
cjrl-2328	243	38	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	243	39	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	244	1	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	244	2	deering	deering	PROPN
cjrl-2328	244	3	court	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	244	4	went	go	VERB
cjrl-2328	244	5	on	on	ADP
cjrl-2328	244	6	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	244	7	explain	explain	VERB
cjrl-2328	244	8	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	244	9	:	:	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	244	10	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	244	11	reasonableness	reasonableness	NOUN
cjrl-2328	244	12	depends	depend	VERB
cjrl-2328	244	13	on	on	ADP
cjrl-2328	244	14	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	244	15	information	information	NOUN
cjrl-2328	244	16	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	244	17	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	244	18	18	18	NUM
cjrl-2328	244	19	columbia	columbia	PROPN
cjrl-2328	244	20	journal	journal	PROPN
cjrl-2328	244	21	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	244	22	race	race	NOUN
cjrl-2328	244	23	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	244	24	law	law	NOUN
cjrl-2328	244	25	[	[	X
cjrl-2328	244	26	vol	vol	NOUN
cjrl-2328	244	27	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	244	28	8:1	8:1	NUM
cjrl-2328	244	29	consistent	consistent	ADJ
cjrl-2328	244	30	with	with	ADP
cjrl-2328	244	31	how	how	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	244	32	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	244	33	generally	generally	ADV
cjrl-2328	244	34	review	review	VERB
cjrl-2328	244	35	reasonableness	reasonableness	NOUN
cjrl-2328	244	36	under	under	ADP
cjrl-2328	244	37	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	244	38	fourth	fourth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	244	39	amendment	amendment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	244	40	by	by	ADP
cjrl-2328	244	41	considering	consider	VERB
cjrl-2328	244	42	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	244	43	prior	prior	ADJ
cjrl-2328	244	44	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	244	45	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	244	46	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	244	47	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	244	48	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	244	49	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	245	1	70	70	NUM
cjrl-2328	245	2	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	245	3	excluding	exclude	VERB
cjrl-2328	245	4	pre	pre	VERB
cjrl-2328	245	5	-	-	ADJ
cjrl-2328	245	6	seizure	seizure	ADJ
cjrl-2328	245	7	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	245	8	treat	treat	VERB
cjrl-2328	245	9	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	245	10	reasonable	reasonable	ADJ
cjrl-2328	245	11	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	245	12	as	as	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	245	13	if	if	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	245	14	he	he	PRON
cjrl-2328	245	15	or	or	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	245	16	she	she	PRON
cjrl-2328	245	17	has	have	VERB
cjrl-2328	245	18	no	no	DET
cjrl-2328	245	19	memory	memory	NOUN
cjrl-2328	245	20	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	245	21	informs	inform	VERB
cjrl-2328	245	22	his	his	PRON
cjrl-2328	245	23	or	or	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	245	24	her	her	PRON
cjrl-2328	245	25	perspective	perspective	NOUN
cjrl-2328	245	26	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	246	1	71	71	NUM
cjrl-2328	246	2	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	246	3	abraham	abraham	PROPN
cjrl-2328	246	4	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	246	5	raso	raso	NOUN
cjrl-2328	246	6	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	246	7	after	after	ADP
cjrl-2328	246	8	collecting	collect	VERB
cjrl-2328	246	9	cases	case	NOUN
cjrl-2328	246	10	from	from	ADP
cjrl-2328	246	11	different	different	ADJ
cjrl-2328	246	12	circuits	circuit	NOUN
cjrl-2328	246	13	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	246	14	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	246	15	third	third	ADJ
cjrl-2328	246	16	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cjrl-2328	246	17	concluded	conclude	VERB
cjrl-2328	246	18	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	246	19	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	246	20	lack	lack	VERB
cjrl-2328	246	21	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	246	22	any	any	DET
cjrl-2328	246	23	principled	principled	ADJ
cjrl-2328	246	24	way	way	NOUN
cjrl-2328	246	25	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	246	26	explaining	explain	VERB
cjrl-2328	246	27	when	when	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	246	28	‘	'	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	246	29	pre	pre	ADJ
cjrl-2328	246	30	-	-	ADJ
cjrl-2328	246	31	seizure	seizure	ADJ
cjrl-2328	246	32	’	'	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	246	33	events	event	NOUN
cjrl-2328	246	34	start	start	VERB
cjrl-2328	246	35	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	246	36	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	246	37	consequently	consequently	ADV
cjrl-2328	246	38	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	246	39	will	will	AUX
cjrl-2328	246	40	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	246	41	have	have	VERB
cjrl-2328	246	42	any	any	DET
cjrl-2328	246	43	defensible	defensible	ADJ
cjrl-2328	246	44	justification	justification	NOUN
cjrl-2328	246	45	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	246	46	why	why	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	246	47	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	246	48	prior	prior	ADV
cjrl-2328	246	49	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	246	50	that	that	DET
cjrl-2328	246	51	chosen	choose	VERB
cjrl-2328	246	52	moment	moment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	246	53	should	should	AUX
cjrl-2328	246	54	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	246	55	excluded	exclude	VERB
cjrl-2328	246	56	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	247	1	”72	”72	PROPN
cjrl-2328	247	2	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	247	3	raso	raso	ADJ
cjrl-2328	247	4	court	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	247	5	explained	explain	VERB
cjrl-2328	247	6	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	247	7	under	under	ADP
cjrl-2328	247	8	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	247	9	facts	fact	NOUN
cjrl-2328	247	10	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	247	11	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	247	12	case	case	NOUN
cjrl-2328	247	13	before	before	ADP
cjrl-2328	247	14	it	it	PRON
cjrl-2328	247	15	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	247	16	excluding	exclude	VERB
cjrl-2328	247	17	evidence	evidence	NOUN
cjrl-2328	247	18	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	247	19	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	247	20	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	247	21	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	247	22	pre	pre	VERB
cjrl-2328	247	23	-	-	ADJ
cjrl-2328	247	24	seizure	seizure	ADJ
cjrl-2328	247	25	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	247	26	would	would	AUX
cjrl-2328	247	27	effectively	effectively	ADV
cjrl-2328	247	28	mean	mean	VERB
cjrl-2328	247	29	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	247	30	it	it	PRON
cjrl-2328	247	31	would	would	AUX
cjrl-2328	247	32	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	247	33	asked	ask	VERB
cjrl-2328	247	34	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	247	35	consider	consider	VERB
cjrl-2328	247	36	whether	whether	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	247	37	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	247	38	raso	raso	VERB
cjrl-2328	247	39	used	use	VERB
cjrl-2328	247	40	excessive	excessive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	247	41	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	247	42	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	247	43	shooting	shoot	VERB
cjrl-2328	247	44	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	247	45	suspect	suspect	NOUN
cjrl-2328	247	46	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	247	47	abraham	abraham	PROPN
cjrl-2328	247	48	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	247	49	without	without	ADP
cjrl-2328	247	50	considering	consider	VERB
cjrl-2328	247	51	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	247	52	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	247	53	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	247	54	before	before	ADP
cjrl-2328	247	55	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	247	56	moment	moment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	247	57	abraham	abraham	PROPN
cjrl-2328	247	58	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	247	59	actually	actually	ADV
cjrl-2328	247	60	struck	strike	VERB
cjrl-2328	247	61	by	by	ADP
cjrl-2328	247	62	raso	raso	NOUN
cjrl-2328	247	63	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	247	64	bullet	bullet	NOUN
cjrl-2328	247	65	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	248	1	”73	”73	PROPN
cjrl-2328	249	1	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	249	2	raso	raso	ADJ
cjrl-2328	249	3	court	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	249	4	provided	provide	VERB
cjrl-2328	249	5	several	several	ADJ
cjrl-2328	249	6	reasons	reason	NOUN
cjrl-2328	249	7	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	249	8	rejecting	reject	VERB
cjrl-2328	249	9	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	249	10	doctrine	doctrine	NOUN
cjrl-2328	249	11	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	249	12	pre	pre	VERB
cjrl-2328	249	13	-	-	ADJ
cjrl-2328	249	14	seizure	seizure	ADJ
cjrl-2328	249	15	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	249	16	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	249	17	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	249	18	irrelevant	irrelevant	ADJ
cjrl-2328	249	19	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	250	1	first	first	ADV
cjrl-2328	250	2	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	250	3	such	such	DET
cjrl-2328	250	4	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	250	5	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	250	6	problematic	problematic	ADJ
cjrl-2328	250	7	justification	justification	NOUN
cjrl-2328	250	8	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	250	9	might	might	AUX
cjrl-2328	250	10	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	250	11	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	250	12	understood	understand	VERB
cjrl-2328	250	13	as	as	ADP
cjrl-2328	250	14	only	only	ADV
cjrl-2328	250	15	excluding	exclude	VERB
cjrl-2328	250	16	evidence	evidence	NOUN
cjrl-2328	250	17	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	250	18	helps	help	VERB
cjrl-2328	250	19	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	250	20	plaintiff	plaintiff	NOUN
cjrl-2328	250	21	show	show	VERB
cjrl-2328	250	22	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	250	23	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	250	24	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	250	25	excessive	excessive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	250	26	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	250	27	or	or	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	250	28	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	250	29	undermines	undermine	VERB
cjrl-2328	250	30	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	250	31	estate	estate	NOUN
cjrl-2328	250	32	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	250	33	case	case	NOUN
cjrl-2328	250	34	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	250	35	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	251	1	74	74	NUM
cjrl-2328	251	2	second	second	ADJ
cjrl-2328	251	3	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	251	4	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	251	5	there	there	PRON
cjrl-2328	251	6	are	be	VERB
cjrl-2328	251	7	considerable	considerable	ADJ
cjrl-2328	251	8	practical	practical	ADJ
cjrl-2328	251	9	problems	problem	NOUN
cjrl-2328	251	10	with	with	ADP
cjrl-2328	251	11	trying	try	VERB
cjrl-2328	251	12	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	251	13	wrest	wrest	VERB
cjrl-2328	251	14	from	from	ADP
cjrl-2328	251	15	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	251	16	complex	complex	ADJ
cjrl-2328	251	17	series	series	NOUN
cjrl-2328	251	18	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	251	19	events	event	NOUN
cjrl-2328	251	20	all	all	PRON
cjrl-2328	251	21	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	251	22	only	only	ADV
cjrl-2328	251	23	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	251	24	evidence	evidence	NOUN
cjrl-2328	251	25	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	251	26	hurts	hurt	VERB
cjrl-2328	251	27	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	251	28	plaintiff	plaintiff	NOUN
cjrl-2328	251	29	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	252	1	”75	”75	PROPN
cjrl-2328	252	2	finally	finally	ADV
cjrl-2328	252	3	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	252	4	possesses	possesse	NOUN
cjrl-2328	252	5	prior	prior	ADV
cjrl-2328	252	6	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	252	7	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	252	8	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	252	9	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	252	10	immediate	immediate	ADJ
cjrl-2328	252	11	time	time	NOUN
cjrl-2328	252	12	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	252	13	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	252	14	shooting	shooting	NOUN
cjrl-2328	252	15	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	252	16	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	252	17	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	253	1	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	254	1	what	what	PRON
cjrl-2328	254	2	[	[	X
cjrl-2328	254	3	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	254	4	deputy	deputy	NOUN
cjrl-2328	254	5	]	]	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	254	6	knew	know	VERB
cjrl-2328	254	7	about	about	ADP
cjrl-2328	254	8	[	[	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	254	9	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	254	10	suspect	suspect	NOUN
cjrl-2328	254	11	]	]	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	254	12	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	254	13	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	254	14	basis	basis	NOUN
cjrl-2328	254	15	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	254	16	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	254	17	warrant	warrant	NOUN
cjrl-2328	254	18	would	would	AUX
cjrl-2328	254	19	seem	seem	VERB
cjrl-2328	254	20	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	254	21	fall	fall	VERB
cjrl-2328	254	22	within	within	ADP
cjrl-2328	254	23	these	these	DET
cjrl-2328	254	24	parameters	parameter	NOUN
cjrl-2328	254	25	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	254	26	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	255	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	255	2	d.	d.	VERB
cjrl-2328	255	3	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	255	4	650	650	NUM
cjrl-2328	255	5	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	256	1	70	70	NUM
cjrl-2328	256	2	see	see	VERB
cjrl-2328	256	3	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	256	4	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
cjrl-2328	256	5	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	256	6	kentucky	kentucky	PROPN
cjrl-2328	256	7	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	256	8	king	king	PROPN
cjrl-2328	256	9	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	256	10	563	563	NUM
cjrl-2328	256	11	u.s	u.s	PROPN
cjrl-2328	256	12	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	256	13	452	452	NUM
cjrl-2328	256	14	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	256	15	462	462	NUM
cjrl-2328	256	16	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	256	17	2011	2011	NUM
cjrl-2328	256	18	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	256	19	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	256	20	holding	hold	VERB
cjrl-2328	256	21	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	256	22	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	256	23	can	can	AUX
cjrl-2328	256	24	invoke	invoke	VERB
cjrl-2328	256	25	exigent	exigent	ADJ
cjrl-2328	256	26	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	256	27	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	256	28	order	order	NOUN
cjrl-2328	256	29	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	256	30	conduct	conduct	VERB
cjrl-2328	256	31	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	256	32	warrantless	warrantless	NOUN
cjrl-2328	256	33	search	search	NOUN
cjrl-2328	256	34	only	only	ADV
cjrl-2328	256	35	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	256	36	when	when	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	256	37	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	256	38	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	256	39	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	256	40	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	256	41	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	256	42	preceding	precede	VERB
cjrl-2328	256	43	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	256	44	exigency	exigency	NOUN
cjrl-2328	256	45	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	256	46	reasonable	reasonable	ADJ
cjrl-2328	256	47	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	256	48	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	256	49	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	256	50	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	256	51	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	256	52	did	do	AUX
cjrl-2328	256	53	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	256	54	create	create	VERB
cjrl-2328	256	55	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	256	56	exigency	exigency	NOUN
cjrl-2328	256	57	by	by	ADP
cjrl-2328	256	58	engaging	engage	VERB
cjrl-2328	256	59	or	or	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	256	60	threatening	threaten	VERB
cjrl-2328	256	61	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	256	62	engage	engage	VERB
cjrl-2328	256	63	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	256	64	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	256	65	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	256	66	violates	violate	VERB
cjrl-2328	256	67	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	256	68	fourth	fourth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	256	69	amendment	amendment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	256	70	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	256	71	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	256	72	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	257	1	71	71	NUM
cjrl-2328	257	2	see	see	NOUN
cjrl-2328	257	3	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	257	4	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
cjrl-2328	257	5	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	257	6	williams	williams	PROPN
cjrl-2328	257	7	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	257	8	ind	ind	PROPN
cjrl-2328	257	9	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	258	1	state	state	NOUN
cjrl-2328	258	2	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	258	3	dep’t	dep’t	NOUN
cjrl-2328	258	4	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	258	5	797	797	NUM
cjrl-2328	258	6	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	258	7	468	468	NUM
cjrl-2328	258	8	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	258	9	483	483	NUM
cjrl-2328	258	10	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	258	11	7th	7th	ADJ
cjrl-2328	258	12	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	258	13	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	258	14	2015	2015	NUM
cjrl-2328	258	15	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	259	1	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	259	2	explaining	explain	VERB
cjrl-2328	259	3	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	259	4	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	259	5	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	259	6	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	259	7	known	know	VERB
cjrl-2328	259	8	by	by	ADP
cjrl-2328	259	9	[	[	X
cjrl-2328	259	10	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	259	11	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	259	12	]	]	X
cjrl-2328	259	13	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	259	14	or	or	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	259	15	even	even	ADV
cjrl-2328	259	16	created	create	VERB
cjrl-2328	259	17	by	by	ADP
cjrl-2328	259	18	him	he	PRON
cjrl-2328	259	19	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	259	20	inform	inform	VERB
cjrl-2328	259	21	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	259	22	determination	determination	NOUN
cjrl-2328	259	23	as	as	ADP
cjrl-2328	259	24	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	259	25	whether	whether	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	259	26	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	259	27	lethal	lethal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	259	28	response	response	NOUN
cjrl-2328	259	29	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	259	30	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	259	31	objectively	objectively	ADV
cjrl-2328	259	32	reasonable	reasonable	ADJ
cjrl-2328	259	33	one	one	NUM
cjrl-2328	259	34	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	259	35	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	259	36	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	260	1	72	72	NUM
cjrl-2328	260	2	raso	raso	NOUN
cjrl-2328	260	3	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	260	4	183	183	NUM
cjrl-2328	260	5	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	260	6	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	260	7	291–92	291–92	NUM
cjrl-2328	260	8	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	261	1	73	73	NUM
cjrl-2328	262	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	262	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	262	3	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	262	4	291	291	NUM
cjrl-2328	262	5	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	263	1	74	74	NUM
cjrl-2328	264	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	264	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	264	3	75	75	NUM
cjrl-2328	265	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	265	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	265	3	no	no	INTJ
cjrl-2328	265	4	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	266	1	1:1	1:1	NUM
cjrl-2328	266	2	]	]	X
cjrl-2328	266	3	dismantling	dismantle	VERB
cjrl-2328	266	4	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	266	5	trap	trap	NOUN
cjrl-2328	266	6	19	19	NUM
cjrl-2328	266	7	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	266	8	court	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	266	9	reasoned	reason	VERB
cjrl-2328	266	10	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	266	11	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	266	12	term	term	NOUN
cjrl-2328	266	13	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	266	14	totality	totality	NOUN
cjrl-2328	266	15	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	266	16	as	as	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	266	17	used	use	VERB
cjrl-2328	266	18	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	266	19	graham	graham	PROPN
cjrl-2328	266	20	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	266	21	implies	imply	VERB
cjrl-2328	266	22	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	266	23	reasonableness	reasonableness	NOUN
cjrl-2328	266	24	should	should	AUX
cjrl-2328	266	25	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	266	26	sensitive	sensitive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	266	27	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	266	28	all	all	PRON
cjrl-2328	266	29	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	266	30	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	266	31	factors	factor	NOUN
cjrl-2328	266	32	bearing	bear	VERB
cjrl-2328	266	33	on	on	ADP
cjrl-2328	266	34	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	266	35	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	266	36	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	266	37	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	266	38	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	266	39	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	266	40	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	267	1	”76	”76	PROPN
cjrl-2328	267	2	instead	instead	ADV
cjrl-2328	267	3	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	267	4	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	267	5	raso	raso	ADJ
cjrl-2328	267	6	court	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	267	7	concluded	conclude	VERB
cjrl-2328	267	8	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	267	9	whether	whether	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	267	10	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	267	11	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	267	12	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	267	13	pre	pre	VERB
cjrl-2328	267	14	-	-	ADJ
cjrl-2328	267	15	seizure	seizure	ADJ
cjrl-2328	267	16	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	267	17	should	should	AUX
cjrl-2328	267	18	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	267	19	considered	consider	VERB
cjrl-2328	267	20	as	as	ADP
cjrl-2328	267	21	part	part	NOUN
cjrl-2328	267	22	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	267	23	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	267	24	totality	totality	NOUN
cjrl-2328	267	25	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	267	26	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	267	27	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	267	28	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cjrl-2328	267	29	should	should	AUX
cjrl-2328	267	30	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	267	31	determined	determine	VERB
cjrl-2328	267	32	by	by	ADP
cjrl-2328	267	33	applying	apply	VERB
cjrl-2328	267	34	traditional	traditional	ADJ
cjrl-2328	267	35	principles	principle	NOUN
cjrl-2328	267	36	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	267	37	causation	causation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	267	38	:	:	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	267	39	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	267	40	what	what	PRON
cjrl-2328	267	41	makes	make	VERB
cjrl-2328	267	42	these	these	DET
cjrl-2328	267	43	prior	prior	ADJ
cjrl-2328	267	44	events	event	NOUN
cjrl-2328	267	45	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	267	46	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	267	47	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	267	48	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	268	1	consequence	consequence	NOUN
cjrl-2328	269	1	[	[	X
cjrl-2328	269	2	or	or	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	269	3	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	269	4	]	]	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	269	5	are	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	269	6	ordinary	ordinary	ADJ
cjrl-2328	269	7	ideas	idea	NOUN
cjrl-2328	269	8	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	269	9	causation	causation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	269	10	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	269	11	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	269	12	doctrine	doctrine	NOUN
cjrl-2328	269	13	about	about	ADP
cjrl-2328	269	14	when	when	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	269	15	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	269	16	seizure	seizure	NOUN
cjrl-2328	269	17	occurred	occur	VERB
cjrl-2328	269	18	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	270	1	”77	”77	NOUN
cjrl-2328	270	2	similarly	similarly	ADV
cjrl-2328	270	3	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	270	4	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	270	5	tenth	tenth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	270	6	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cjrl-2328	270	7	has	have	AUX
cjrl-2328	270	8	held	hold	VERB
cjrl-2328	270	9	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	270	10	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	270	11	[	[	X
cjrl-2328	270	12	t]he	t]he	ADV
cjrl-2328	270	13	reasonableness	reasonableness	NOUN
cjrl-2328	270	14	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	270	15	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	270	16	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	270	17	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	270	18	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	270	19	depends	depend	VERB
cjrl-2328	270	20	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	270	21	only	only	ADV
cjrl-2328	270	22	on	on	ADP
cjrl-2328	270	23	whether	whether	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	270	24	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	270	25	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	270	26	were	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	270	27	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	270	28	danger	danger	NOUN
cjrl-2328	270	29	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	270	30	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	270	31	precise	precise	ADJ
cjrl-2328	270	32	moment	moment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	270	33	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	270	34	they	they	PRON
cjrl-2328	270	35	used	use	VERB
cjrl-2328	270	36	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	270	37	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	270	38	but	but	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	270	39	also	also	ADV
cjrl-2328	270	40	on	on	ADP
cjrl-2328	270	41	whether	whether	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	270	42	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	270	43	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	270	44	’	'	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	270	45	own	own	ADJ
cjrl-2328	270	46	‘	'	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	270	47	reckless	reckless	ADJ
cjrl-2328	270	48	or	or	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	270	49	deliberate	deliberate	ADJ
cjrl-2328	270	50	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	270	51	during	during	ADP
cjrl-2328	270	52	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	270	53	seizure	seizure	NOUN
cjrl-2328	270	54	unreasonably	unreasonably	ADV
cjrl-2328	270	55	created	create	VERB
cjrl-2328	270	56	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	270	57	need	need	NOUN
cjrl-2328	270	58	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	270	59	use	use	VERB
cjrl-2328	270	60	such	such	ADJ
cjrl-2328	270	61	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	270	62	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	270	63	’	'	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	270	64	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	271	1	78	78	NUM
cjrl-2328	271	2	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	271	3	tenth	tenth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	271	4	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cjrl-2328	271	5	thus	thus	ADV
cjrl-2328	271	6	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	271	7	consider[s	consider[s	NOUN
cjrl-2328	271	8	]	]	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	271	9	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	271	10	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	271	11	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	271	12	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	271	13	prior	prior	ADV
cjrl-2328	271	14	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	271	15	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	271	16	suspect	suspect	NOUN
cjrl-2328	271	17	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	271	18	threat	threat	NOUN
cjrl-2328	271	19	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	271	20	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	271	21	if	if	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	271	22	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	271	23	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	271	24	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	271	25	‘	'	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	271	26	immediately	immediately	ADV
cjrl-2328	271	27	connected	connect	VERB
cjrl-2328	271	28	’	'	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	271	29	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	271	30	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	271	31	suspect	suspect	NOUN
cjrl-2328	271	32	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	271	33	threat	threat	NOUN
cjrl-2328	271	34	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	271	35	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	271	36	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	272	1	”79	”79	NOUN
cjrl-2328	272	2	this	this	PRON
cjrl-2328	272	3	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	272	4	consistent	consistent	ADJ
cjrl-2328	272	5	with	with	ADP
cjrl-2328	272	6	how	how	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	272	7	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	272	8	have	have	AUX
cjrl-2328	272	9	historically	historically	ADV
cjrl-2328	272	10	understood	understand	VERB
cjrl-2328	272	11	other	other	ADJ
cjrl-2328	272	12	kinds	kind	NOUN
cjrl-2328	272	13	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	272	14	§	§	PROPN
cjrl-2328	272	15	1983	1983	NUM
cjrl-2328	272	16	claims	claim	NOUN
cjrl-2328	272	17	outside	outside	ADP
cjrl-2328	272	18	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	272	19	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	272	20	excessive	excessive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	272	21	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	272	22	context.80	context.80	PROPN
cjrl-2328	272	23	section	section	NOUN
cjrl-2328	272	24	1983	1983	NUM
cjrl-2328	272	25	imposes	impose	VERB
cjrl-2328	272	26	liability	liability	NOUN
cjrl-2328	272	27	on	on	ADP
cjrl-2328	272	28	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	272	29	government	government	NOUN
cjrl-2328	272	30	official	official	NOUN
cjrl-2328	272	31	who	who	PRON
cjrl-2328	272	32	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	272	33	subjects	subject	NOUN
cjrl-2328	272	34	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	272	35	or	or	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	272	36	causes	cause	VERB
cjrl-2328	272	37	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	272	38	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	272	39	subjected	subject	VERB
cjrl-2328	272	40	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	272	41	any	any	DET
cjrl-2328	272	42	citizen	citizen	NOUN
cjrl-2328	272	43	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	272	44	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	273	1	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	274	1	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	274	2	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	274	3	deprivation	deprivation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	274	4	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	274	5	any	any	DET
cjrl-2328	274	6	rights	right	NOUN
cjrl-2328	274	7	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	274	8	”81	”81	NOUN
cjrl-2328	274	9	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	275	1	mere	mere	ADJ
cjrl-2328	275	2	negligent	negligent	ADJ
cjrl-2328	275	3	actions	action	NOUN
cjrl-2328	275	4	precipitating	precipitate	VERB
cjrl-2328	275	5	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	275	6	confrontation	confrontation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	275	7	would	would	AUX
cjrl-2328	275	8	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	275	9	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	275	10	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	275	11	course	course	NOUN
cjrl-2328	275	12	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	275	13	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	275	14	actionable	actionable	ADJ
cjrl-2328	275	15	under	under	ADP
cjrl-2328	275	16	§	§	PROPN
cjrl-2328	275	17	1983,”82	1983,”82	NUM
cjrl-2328	275	18	which	which	PRON
cjrl-2328	275	19	does	do	AUX
cjrl-2328	275	20	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	275	21	cover	cover	VERB
cjrl-2328	275	22	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	275	23	’	'	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	275	24	‘	'	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	275	25	non	non	ADJ
cjrl-2328	275	26	-	-	ADJ
cjrl-2328	275	27	tortious	tortious	ADJ
cjrl-2328	275	28	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	275	29	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	275	30	’	'	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	275	31	such	such	ADJ
cjrl-2328	275	32	as	as	ADP
cjrl-2328	275	33	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	275	34	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	275	35	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	275	36	reasonable	reasonable	ADJ
cjrl-2328	275	37	76	76	NUM
cjrl-2328	276	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	276	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	276	3	77	77	NUM
cjrl-2328	277	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	277	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	277	3	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	277	4	292	292	NUM
cjrl-2328	277	5	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	278	1	78	78	NUM
cjrl-2328	278	2	jiron	jiron	NOUN
cjrl-2328	278	3	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	278	4	city	city	NOUN
cjrl-2328	278	5	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	278	6	lakewood	lakewood	NOUN
cjrl-2328	278	7	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	278	8	392	392	NUM
cjrl-2328	278	9	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	278	10	410	410	NUM
cjrl-2328	278	11	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	278	12	415	415	NUM
cjrl-2328	278	13	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	278	14	10th	10th	ADJ
cjrl-2328	278	15	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	278	16	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	278	17	2004	2004	NUM
cjrl-2328	278	18	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	278	19	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	278	20	quoting	quote	VERB
cjrl-2328	278	21	sevier	sevier	PROPN
cjrl-2328	278	22	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	278	23	city	city	PROPN
cjrl-2328	278	24	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	278	25	lawrence	lawrence	PROPN
cjrl-2328	278	26	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	278	27	kan	kan	PROPN
cjrl-2328	278	28	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	278	29	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	278	30	60	60	NUM
cjrl-2328	278	31	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	278	32	695	695	NUM
cjrl-2328	278	33	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	278	34	699	699	NUM
cjrl-2328	278	35	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	278	36	10th	10th	ADJ
cjrl-2328	278	37	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	278	38	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	278	39	1995	1995	NUM
cjrl-2328	278	40	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	278	41	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	278	42	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	279	1	79	79	NUM
cjrl-2328	279	2	allen	allen	PROPN
cjrl-2328	279	3	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	279	4	muskogee	muskogee	PROPN
cjrl-2328	279	5	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	279	6	119	119	NUM
cjrl-2328	279	7	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	279	8	837	837	NUM
cjrl-2328	279	9	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	279	10	840	840	NUM
cjrl-2328	279	11	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	279	12	10th	10th	ADJ
cjrl-2328	279	13	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	279	14	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	279	15	1997	1997	NUM
cjrl-2328	279	16	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	279	17	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	279	18	quoting	quote	VERB
cjrl-2328	279	19	romero	romero	PROPN
cjrl-2328	279	20	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	279	21	bd	bd	PROPN
cjrl-2328	279	22	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	279	23	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	279	24	cty	cty	PROPN
cjrl-2328	279	25	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	280	1	comm’rs	comm’rs	PROPN
cjrl-2328	280	2	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	280	3	cty	cty	PROPN
cjrl-2328	280	4	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	280	5	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	280	6	lake	lake	NOUN
cjrl-2328	280	7	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	280	8	60	60	NUM
cjrl-2328	280	9	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	280	10	702	702	NUM
cjrl-2328	280	11	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	280	12	705	705	NUM
cjrl-2328	280	13	n.5	n.5	PRON
cjrl-2328	280	14	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	280	15	10th	10th	ADJ
cjrl-2328	280	16	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	280	17	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	280	18	1995	1995	NUM
cjrl-2328	280	19	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	280	20	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	281	1	80	80	NUM
cjrl-2328	281	2	see	see	VERB
cjrl-2328	281	3	memphis	memphis	PROPN
cjrl-2328	281	4	cmty	cmty	NOUN
cjrl-2328	281	5	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	282	1	sch	sch	PROPN
cjrl-2328	282	2	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	282	3	dist	dist	PROPN
cjrl-2328	282	4	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	283	1	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	283	2	stachura	stachura	NOUN
cjrl-2328	283	3	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	283	4	477	477	NUM
cjrl-2328	283	5	u.s	u.s	PROPN
cjrl-2328	283	6	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	283	7	299	299	NUM
cjrl-2328	283	8	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	283	9	307	307	NUM
cjrl-2328	283	10	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	283	11	1986	1986	NUM
cjrl-2328	283	12	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	283	13	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	283	14	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	283	15	[	[	X
cjrl-2328	283	16	t]he	t]he	ADV
cjrl-2328	283	17	basic	basic	ADJ
cjrl-2328	283	18	purpose	purpose	NOUN
cjrl-2328	283	19	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	283	20	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	283	21	§	§	ADJ
cjrl-2328	283	22	1983	1983	NUM
cjrl-2328	283	23	damages	damage	NOUN
cjrl-2328	283	24	award	award	NOUN
cjrl-2328	283	25	should	should	AUX
cjrl-2328	283	26	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	283	27	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	283	28	compensate	compensate	VERB
cjrl-2328	283	29	persons	person	NOUN
cjrl-2328	283	30	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	283	31	injuries	injury	NOUN
cjrl-2328	283	32	caused	cause	VERB
cjrl-2328	283	33	by	by	ADP
cjrl-2328	283	34	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	283	35	deprivation	deprivation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	283	36	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	283	37	constitutional	constitutional	ADJ
cjrl-2328	283	38	rights	right	NOUN
cjrl-2328	283	39	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	283	40	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	283	41	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	283	42	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	283	43	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	283	44	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	283	45	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	284	1	81	81	NUM
cjrl-2328	284	2	42	42	NUM
cjrl-2328	284	3	u.s.c	u.s.c	ADJ
cjrl-2328	284	4	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	285	1	§	§	PROPN
cjrl-2328	285	2	1983	1983	NUM
cjrl-2328	285	3	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	285	4	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
cjrl-2328	285	5	added	add	VERB
cjrl-2328	285	6	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	285	7	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	286	1	82	82	NUM
cjrl-2328	286	2	sevier	sevier	PROPN
cjrl-2328	286	3	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	286	4	60	60	NUM
cjrl-2328	286	5	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	286	6	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	286	7	699	699	NUM
cjrl-2328	286	8	n.7	n.7	NOUN
cjrl-2328	286	9	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	286	10	20	20	NUM
cjrl-2328	286	11	columbia	columbia	PROPN
cjrl-2328	286	12	journal	journal	NOUN
cjrl-2328	286	13	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	286	14	race	race	NOUN
cjrl-2328	286	15	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	286	16	law	law	NOUN
cjrl-2328	286	17	[	[	X
cjrl-2328	286	18	vol	vol	NOUN
cjrl-2328	286	19	.	.	NOUN
cjrl-2328	286	20	8:1	8:1	NUM
cjrl-2328	286	21	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	286	22	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	287	1	”83	”83	NOUN
cjrl-2328	287	2	but	but	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	287	3	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	287	4	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	287	5	requisite	requisite	ADJ
cjrl-2328	287	6	causal	causal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	287	7	connection	connection	NOUN
cjrl-2328	287	8	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	287	9	satisfied	satisfied	ADJ
cjrl-2328	287	10	if	if	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	287	11	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	287	12	defendant[s	defendant[s	PROPN
cjrl-2328	287	13	]	]	X
cjrl-2328	287	14	set	set	VERB
cjrl-2328	287	15	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	287	16	motion	motion	NOUN
cjrl-2328	287	17	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	287	18	series	series	NOUN
cjrl-2328	287	19	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	287	20	events	event	NOUN
cjrl-2328	287	21	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	287	22	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	287	23	defendant[s	defendant[s	PROPN
cjrl-2328	287	24	]	]	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	287	25	knew	know	VERB
cjrl-2328	287	26	or	or	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	287	27	reasonably	reasonably	ADV
cjrl-2328	287	28	should	should	AUX
cjrl-2328	287	29	have	have	AUX
cjrl-2328	287	30	known	know	VERB
cjrl-2328	287	31	would	would	AUX
cjrl-2328	287	32	cause	cause	VERB
cjrl-2328	287	33	others	other	NOUN
cjrl-2328	287	34	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	287	35	deprive	deprive	VERB
cjrl-2328	287	36	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	287	37	plaintiff	plaintiff	NOUN
cjrl-2328	287	38	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	287	39	his	his	PRON
cjrl-2328	287	40	constitutional	constitutional	ADJ
cjrl-2328	287	41	rights	right	NOUN
cjrl-2328	287	42	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	287	43	’”84	’”84	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	288	1	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	288	2	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	288	3	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	288	4	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	288	5	say	say	VERB
cjrl-2328	288	6	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	288	7	determining	determine	VERB
cjrl-2328	288	8	how	how	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	288	9	attenuated	attenuate	VERB
cjrl-2328	288	10	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	288	11	connection	connection	NOUN
cjrl-2328	288	12	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	288	13	between	between	ADP
cjrl-2328	288	14	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	288	15	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	288	16	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	288	17	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	288	18	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	288	19	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	288	20	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	288	21	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	288	22	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	288	23	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	288	24	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	288	25	will	will	AUX
cjrl-2328	288	26	always	always	ADV
cjrl-2328	288	27	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	288	28	straightforward	straightforward	ADJ
cjrl-2328	288	29	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	288	30	but	but	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	288	31	there	there	PRON
cjrl-2328	288	32	are	be	VERB
cjrl-2328	288	33	well	well	ADV
cjrl-2328	288	34	established	establish	VERB
cjrl-2328	288	35	principles	principle	NOUN
cjrl-2328	288	36	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	288	37	guide	guide	VERB
cjrl-2328	288	38	this	this	DET
cjrl-2328	288	39	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cjrl-2328	288	40	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	289	1	first	first	ADV
cjrl-2328	289	2	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	289	3	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	289	4	plaintiff	plaintiff	NOUN
cjrl-2328	289	5	asserting	assert	VERB
cjrl-2328	289	6	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	289	7	constitutional	constitutional	ADJ
cjrl-2328	289	8	tort	tort	NOUN
cjrl-2328	289	9	under	under	ADP
cjrl-2328	289	10	§	§	PROPN
cjrl-2328	289	11	1983	1983	NUM
cjrl-2328	289	12	must	must	AUX
cjrl-2328	289	13	establish	establish	VERB
cjrl-2328	289	14	proximate	proximate	NOUN
cjrl-2328	289	15	causation.85	causation.85	NOUN
cjrl-2328	289	16	proximate	proximate	NOUN
cjrl-2328	289	17	causation	causation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	289	18	requires	require	VERB
cjrl-2328	289	19	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	289	20	direct	direct	ADJ
cjrl-2328	289	21	relationship	relationship	NOUN
cjrl-2328	289	22	between	between	ADP
cjrl-2328	289	23	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	289	24	challenged	challenge	VERB
cjrl-2328	289	25	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	289	26	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	289	27	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	289	28	injury	injury	NOUN
cjrl-2328	289	29	such	such	ADJ
cjrl-2328	289	30	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	289	31	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	289	32	injury	injury	NOUN
cjrl-2328	289	33	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	289	34	foreseeable,86	foreseeable,86	NUM
cjrl-2328	289	35	which	which	PRON
cjrl-2328	289	36	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	289	37	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	289	38	intended	intend	VERB
cjrl-2328	289	39	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	289	40	say	say	VERB
cjrl-2328	289	41	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	289	42	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	289	43	scope	scope	NOUN
cjrl-2328	289	44	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	289	45	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	289	46	defendant	defendant	NOUN
cjrl-2328	289	47	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	289	48	liability	liability	NOUN
cjrl-2328	289	49	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	289	50	determined	determine	VERB
cjrl-2328	289	51	by	by	ADP
cjrl-2328	289	52	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	289	53	scope	scope	NOUN
cjrl-2328	289	54	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	289	55	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	289	56	risk	risk	NOUN
cjrl-2328	289	57	he	he	PRON
cjrl-2328	289	58	[	[	X
cjrl-2328	289	59	tortiously	tortiously	ADV
cjrl-2328	289	60	]	]	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	289	61	created	create	VERB
cjrl-2328	289	62	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	290	1	”87	”87	PROPN
cjrl-2328	290	2	second	second	PROPN
cjrl-2328	290	3	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	290	4	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	290	5	cause	cause	NOUN
cjrl-2328	290	6	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	290	7	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	290	8	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	290	9	proximate	proximate	NOUN
cjrl-2328	290	10	cause	cause	NOUN
cjrl-2328	290	11	if	if	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	290	12	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	290	13	intervening	intervene	VERB
cjrl-2328	290	14	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	290	15	occurred	occur	VERB
cjrl-2328	290	16	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	290	17	foreseeably	foreseeably	ADV
cjrl-2328	290	18	led	lead	VERB
cjrl-2328	290	19	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	290	20	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	290	21	harm	harm	NOUN
cjrl-2328	290	22	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	290	23	issue.88	issue.88	NOUN
cjrl-2328	290	24	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	290	25	[	[	X
cjrl-2328	290	26	d]etermining	d]etermine	VERB
cjrl-2328	290	27	whether	whether	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	290	28	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	290	29	particular	particular	ADJ
cjrl-2328	290	30	intervening	intervene	VERB
cjrl-2328	290	31	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	290	32	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	290	33	or	or	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	290	34	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	290	35	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	290	36	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	290	37	superseding	superseding	NOUN
cjrl-2328	290	38	cause	cause	NOUN
cjrl-2328	290	39	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	290	40	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	290	41	harm	harm	NOUN
cjrl-2328	290	42	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	290	43	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	290	44	reality	reality	NOUN
cjrl-2328	290	45	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	290	46	problem	problem	NOUN
cjrl-2328	290	47	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	290	48	determining	determine	VERB
cjrl-2328	290	49	whether	whether	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	290	50	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	290	51	intervention	intervention	NOUN
cjrl-2328	290	52	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	290	53	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	290	54	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	290	55	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	290	56	within	within	ADP
cjrl-2328	290	57	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	290	58	scope	scope	NOUN
cjrl-2328	290	59	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	290	60	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	290	61	reasons	reason	NOUN
cjrl-2328	290	62	imposing	impose	VERB
cjrl-2328	290	63	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	290	64	duty	duty	NOUN
cjrl-2328	290	65	upon	upon	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	290	66	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	290	67	actor	actor	NOUN
cjrl-2328	290	68	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	290	69	refrain	refrain	VERB
cjrl-2328	290	70	from	from	ADP
cjrl-2328	290	71	[	[	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	290	72	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	290	73	prohibited	prohibit	VERB
cjrl-2328	290	74	]	]	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	290	75	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	290	76	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	291	1	”89	”89	PROPN
cjrl-2328	291	2	applying	apply	VERB
cjrl-2328	291	3	these	these	DET
cjrl-2328	291	4	principles	principle	NOUN
cjrl-2328	291	5	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	291	6	excessive	excessive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	291	7	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	291	8	claims	claim	NOUN
cjrl-2328	291	9	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	291	10	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	291	11	are	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	291	12	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	291	13	liable	liable	ADJ
cjrl-2328	291	14	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	291	15	harm	harm	NOUN
cjrl-2328	291	16	produced	produce	VERB
cjrl-2328	291	17	by	by	ADP
cjrl-2328	291	18	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	291	19	superseding	superseding	NOUN
cjrl-2328	291	20	cause	cause	NOUN
cjrl-2328	291	21	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	292	1	90	90	NUM
cjrl-2328	292	2	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	292	3	example	example	NOUN
cjrl-2328	292	4	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	292	5	as	as	ADP
cjrl-2328	292	6	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	292	7	third	third	ADJ
cjrl-2328	292	8	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cjrl-2328	292	9	83	83	NUM
cjrl-2328	292	10	bodine	bodine	PROPN
cjrl-2328	292	11	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	292	12	warwick	warwick	PROPN
cjrl-2328	292	13	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	292	14	72	72	NUM
cjrl-2328	292	15	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	292	16	393	393	NUM
cjrl-2328	292	17	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	292	18	400	400	NUM
cjrl-2328	292	19	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	292	20	3d	3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	292	21	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	292	22	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	292	23	1995	1995	NUM
cjrl-2328	292	24	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	292	25	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	293	1	84	84	NUM
cjrl-2328	293	2	snell	snell	NOUN
cjrl-2328	293	3	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	293	4	tunnell	tunnell	PROPN
cjrl-2328	293	5	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	293	6	920	920	NUM
cjrl-2328	293	7	f.2d	f.2d	ADP
cjrl-2328	293	8	673	673	NUM
cjrl-2328	293	9	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	293	10	700	700	NUM
cjrl-2328	293	11	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	293	12	10th	10th	ADJ
cjrl-2328	293	13	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	293	14	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	293	15	1990	1990	NUM
cjrl-2328	293	16	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	293	17	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	293	18	quoting	quote	VERB
cjrl-2328	293	19	conner	conner	PROPN
cjrl-2328	293	20	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	293	21	reinhard	reinhard	PROPN
cjrl-2328	293	22	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	293	23	847	847	NUM
cjrl-2328	293	24	f.2d	f.2d	X
cjrl-2328	293	25	384	384	NUM
cjrl-2328	293	26	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	293	27	397	397	NUM
cjrl-2328	293	28	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	293	29	7th	7th	ADJ
cjrl-2328	293	30	cir.1988	cir.1988	NOUN
cjrl-2328	293	31	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	293	32	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	293	33	..	..	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	293	34	85	85	NUM
cjrl-2328	293	35	see	see	VERB
cjrl-2328	293	36	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	293	37	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
cjrl-2328	293	38	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	293	39	murray	murray	PROPN
cjrl-2328	293	40	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	293	41	earle	earle	PROPN
cjrl-2328	293	42	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	293	43	405	405	NUM
cjrl-2328	293	44	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	293	45	278	278	NUM
cjrl-2328	293	46	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	293	47	290	290	NUM
cjrl-2328	293	48	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	293	49	5th	5th	ADJ
cjrl-2328	293	50	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	293	51	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	293	52	2005	2005	NUM
cjrl-2328	293	53	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	293	54	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	293	55	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	293	56	section	section	NOUN
cjrl-2328	293	57	1983	1983	NUM
cjrl-2328	293	58	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	293	59	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	293	60	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	294	1	require[s	require[s	PROPN
cjrl-2328	294	2	]	]	X
cjrl-2328	294	3	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	294	4	showing	showing	NOUN
cjrl-2328	294	5	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	294	6	proximate	proximate	NOUN
cjrl-2328	294	7	causation	causation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	294	8	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	294	9	which	which	PRON
cjrl-2328	294	10	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	294	11	evaluated	evaluate	VERB
cjrl-2328	294	12	under	under	ADP
cjrl-2328	294	13	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	294	14	common	common	ADJ
cjrl-2328	294	15	law	law	NOUN
cjrl-2328	294	16	standard	standard	NOUN
cjrl-2328	294	17	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	294	18	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	294	19	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	294	20	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	295	1	86	86	NUM
cjrl-2328	295	2	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	295	3	harm	harm	NOUN
cjrl-2328	295	4	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	295	5	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	295	6	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	295	7	foreseeable	foreseeable	ADJ
cjrl-2328	295	8	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	295	9	simply	simply	ADV
cjrl-2328	295	10	because	because	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	295	11	it	it	PRON
cjrl-2328	295	12	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	295	13	conceivable	conceivable	ADJ
cjrl-2328	295	14	;	;	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	295	15	rather	rather	ADV
cjrl-2328	295	16	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	295	17	it	it	PRON
cjrl-2328	295	18	must	must	AUX
cjrl-2328	295	19	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	295	20	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	295	21	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	295	22	natural	natural	ADJ
cjrl-2328	295	23	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	295	24	probable	probable	ADJ
cjrl-2328	295	25	consequence	consequence	NOUN
cjrl-2328	295	26	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	295	27	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	296	1	milwaukee	milwaukee	PROPN
cjrl-2328	296	2	&	&	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	296	3	st	st	PROPN
cjrl-2328	296	4	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	296	5	paul	paul	PROPN
cjrl-2328	296	6	ry	ry	PROPN
cjrl-2328	296	7	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	296	8	co.	co.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	297	1	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	297	2	kellogg	kellogg	PROPN
cjrl-2328	297	3	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	298	1	94	94	NUM
cjrl-2328	298	2	u.s	u.s	PROPN
cjrl-2328	298	3	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	298	4	469	469	NUM
cjrl-2328	298	5	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	298	6	475–76	475–76	NUM
cjrl-2328	298	7	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	298	8	1876	1876	NUM
cjrl-2328	298	9	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	298	10	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	299	1	87	87	NUM
cjrl-2328	299	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	299	3	dobbs	dobbs	PROPN
cjrl-2328	299	4	et	et	PROPN
cjrl-2328	299	5	al	al	PROPN
cjrl-2328	299	6	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	299	7	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	299	8	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	299	9	law	law	NOUN
cjrl-2328	299	10	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	299	11	torts	torts	PROPN
cjrl-2328	299	12	§	§	PROPN
cjrl-2328	299	13	205	205	NUM
cjrl-2328	299	14	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	299	15	2d	2d	NOUN
cjrl-2328	299	16	ed	ed	NOUN
cjrl-2328	299	17	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	299	18	2016	2016	NUM
cjrl-2328	299	19	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	299	20	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	300	1	88	88	NUM
cjrl-2328	300	2	see	see	VERB
cjrl-2328	300	3	staub	staub	NOUN
cjrl-2328	300	4	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	300	5	proctor	proctor	PROPN
cjrl-2328	300	6	hosp	hosp	PROPN
cjrl-2328	300	7	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	300	8	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	300	9	562	562	NUM
cjrl-2328	300	10	u.s	u.s	PROPN
cjrl-2328	300	11	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	300	12	411	411	NUM
cjrl-2328	300	13	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	300	14	420	420	NUM
cjrl-2328	300	15	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	300	16	2011	2011	NUM
cjrl-2328	300	17	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	300	18	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	300	19	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	300	20	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	300	21	cause	cause	NOUN
cjrl-2328	300	22	can	can	AUX
cjrl-2328	300	23	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	300	24	thought	think	VERB
cjrl-2328	300	25	‘	'	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	300	26	superseding	supersede	VERB
cjrl-2328	300	27	’	'	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	300	28	only	only	ADV
cjrl-2328	300	29	if	if	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	300	30	it	it	PRON
cjrl-2328	300	31	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	300	32	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	300	33	‘	'	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	300	34	cause	cause	NOUN
cjrl-2328	300	35	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	300	36	independent	independent	ADJ
cjrl-2328	300	37	origin	origin	NOUN
cjrl-2328	300	38	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	300	39	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	300	40	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	300	41	foreseeable	foreseeable	ADJ
cjrl-2328	300	42	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	300	43	’	'	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	300	44	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	300	45	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	300	46	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	300	47	internal	internal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	300	48	quotation	quotation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	300	49	marks	mark	NOUN
cjrl-2328	300	50	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	300	51	citation	citation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	300	52	omitted	omit	VERB
cjrl-2328	300	53	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	300	54	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	301	1	89	89	NUM
cjrl-2328	301	2	restatement	restatement	NOUN
cjrl-2328	301	3	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	301	4	second	second	ADJ
cjrl-2328	301	5	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	301	6	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	301	7	torts	torts	PROPN
cjrl-2328	301	8	§	§	PROPN
cjrl-2328	301	9	281	281	NUM
cjrl-2328	301	10	cmt	cmt	NOUN
cjrl-2328	301	11	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	302	1	h	h	PROPN
cjrl-2328	302	2	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	302	3	am	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	302	4	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	303	1	law	law	NOUN
cjrl-2328	303	2	inst	inst	NOUN
cjrl-2328	303	3	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	303	4	2017	2017	NUM
cjrl-2328	303	5	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	303	6	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	304	1	90	90	NUM
cjrl-2328	304	2	bodine	bodine	PROPN
cjrl-2328	304	3	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	304	4	72	72	NUM
cjrl-2328	304	5	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	304	6	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	304	7	400	400	NUM
cjrl-2328	304	8	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	304	9	citing	cite	VERB
cjrl-2328	304	10	george	george	PROPN
cjrl-2328	304	11	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	304	12	city	city	NOUN
cjrl-2328	304	13	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	304	14	long	long	ADJ
cjrl-2328	304	15	beach	beach	NOUN
cjrl-2328	304	16	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	304	17	973	973	NUM
cjrl-2328	304	18	f.2d	f.2d	NUM
cjrl-2328	304	19	706	706	NUM
cjrl-2328	304	20	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	304	21	9th	9th	ADJ
cjrl-2328	304	22	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	304	23	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	304	24	1992	1992	NUM
cjrl-2328	304	25	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	304	26	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	304	27	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	305	1	no	no	INTJ
cjrl-2328	305	2	.	.	NOUN
cjrl-2328	305	3	1:1	1:1	NUM
cjrl-2328	305	4	]	]	X
cjrl-2328	305	5	dismantling	dismantle	VERB
cjrl-2328	305	6	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	305	7	trap	trap	NOUN
cjrl-2328	305	8	21	21	NUM
cjrl-2328	305	9	observed	observe	VERB
cjrl-2328	305	10	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	305	11	bodine	bodine	PROPN
cjrl-2328	305	12	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	305	13	if	if	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	305	14	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	305	15	improperly	improperly	ADV
cjrl-2328	305	16	entered	enter	VERB
cjrl-2328	305	17	without	without	ADP
cjrl-2328	305	18	knocking	knock	VERB
cjrl-2328	305	19	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	305	20	announcing	announce	VERB
cjrl-2328	305	21	their	their	PRON
cjrl-2328	305	22	presence	presence	NOUN
cjrl-2328	305	23	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	305	24	but	but	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	305	25	once	once	ADV
cjrl-2328	305	26	inside	inside	ADV
cjrl-2328	305	27	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	305	28	identify	identify	VERB
cjrl-2328	305	29	themselves	themselves	PRON
cjrl-2328	305	30	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	305	31	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	305	32	are	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	305	33	attacked	attack	VERB
cjrl-2328	305	34	by	by	ADP
cjrl-2328	305	35	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	305	36	suspect	suspect	NOUN
cjrl-2328	305	37	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	305	38	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	305	39	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	305	40	would	would	AUX
cjrl-2328	305	41	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	305	42	still	still	ADV
cjrl-2328	305	43	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	305	44	liable	liable	ADJ
cjrl-2328	305	45	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	305	46	any	any	DET
cjrl-2328	305	47	harm	harm	NOUN
cjrl-2328	305	48	caused	cause	VERB
cjrl-2328	305	49	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	305	50	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	305	51	suspect	suspect	NOUN
cjrl-2328	305	52	based	base	VERB
cjrl-2328	305	53	on	on	ADP
cjrl-2328	305	54	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	305	55	theory	theory	NOUN
cjrl-2328	305	56	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	305	57	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	305	58	illegal	illegal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	305	59	entry	entry	NOUN
cjrl-2328	305	60	rendered	render	VERB
cjrl-2328	305	61	any	any	DET
cjrl-2328	305	62	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ
cjrl-2328	305	63	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	305	64	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	305	65	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	305	66	unlawful.91	unlawful.91	PROPN
cjrl-2328	305	67	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	305	68	short	short	ADJ
cjrl-2328	305	69	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	305	70	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	305	71	question	question	NOUN
cjrl-2328	305	72	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	305	73	whether	whether	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	305	74	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	305	75	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	305	76	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	305	77	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	305	78	immediately	immediately	ADV
cjrl-2328	305	79	connected	connect	VERB
cjrl-2328	305	80	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	305	81	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	305	82	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	305	83	suspect	suspect	NOUN
cjrl-2328	305	84	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	305	85	threat	threat	NOUN
cjrl-2328	305	86	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	305	87	force.92	force.92	NOUN
cjrl-2328	305	88	on	on	ADP
cjrl-2328	305	89	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	305	90	other	other	ADJ
cjrl-2328	305	91	hand	hand	NOUN
cjrl-2328	305	92	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	305	93	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	305	94	civilian	civilian	NOUN
cjrl-2328	305	95	may	may	AUX
cjrl-2328	305	96	resist	resist	VERB
cjrl-2328	305	97	tortious	tortious	ADJ
cjrl-2328	305	98	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	305	99	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	305	100	without	without	ADP
cjrl-2328	305	101	creating	create	VERB
cjrl-2328	305	102	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	305	103	superseding	superseding	NOUN
cjrl-2328	305	104	cause	cause	NOUN
cjrl-2328	305	105	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	305	106	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	305	107	excessive	excessive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	305	108	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	305	109	precipitated	precipitate	VERB
cjrl-2328	305	110	by	by	ADP
cjrl-2328	305	111	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	305	112	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	305	113	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	305	114	actions	action	NOUN
cjrl-2328	305	115	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	305	116	unless	unless	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	305	117	this	this	DET
cjrl-2328	305	118	resistance	resistance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	305	119	goes	go	VERB
cjrl-2328	305	120	beyond	beyond	ADP
cjrl-2328	305	121	mere	mere	ADJ
cjrl-2328	305	122	self	self	NOUN
cjrl-2328	305	123	-	-	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	305	124	defense	defense	NOUN
cjrl-2328	305	125	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	305	126	creates	create	VERB
cjrl-2328	305	127	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	305	128	threat	threat	NOUN
cjrl-2328	305	129	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	305	130	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	305	131	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	305	132	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	305	133	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	305	134	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	305	135	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	305	136	foreseeable	foreseeable	ADJ
cjrl-2328	305	137	response.93	response.93	NOUN
cjrl-2328	305	138	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	305	139	pauly	pauly	PROPN
cjrl-2328	305	140	v.	v.	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	305	141	white	white	PROPN
cjrl-2328	305	142	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	305	143	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	305	144	tenth	tenth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	305	145	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cjrl-2328	305	146	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	305	147	asked	ask	VERB
cjrl-2328	305	148	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	305	149	determine	determine	VERB
cjrl-2328	305	150	whether	whether	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	305	151	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	305	152	actions	action	NOUN
cjrl-2328	305	153	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	305	154	several	several	ADJ
cjrl-2328	305	155	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	305	156	were	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	305	157	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	305	158	but	but	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	305	159	-	-	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	305	160	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	305	161	cause	cause	NOUN
cjrl-2328	305	162	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	305	163	samuel	samuel	PROPN
cjrl-2328	305	164	pauly	pauly	PROPN
cjrl-2328	305	165	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	305	166	death	death	NOUN
cjrl-2328	305	167	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	305	168	where	where	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	305	169	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	305	170	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	305	171	approached	approach	VERB
cjrl-2328	305	172	pauly	pauly	PROPN
cjrl-2328	305	173	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	305	174	residence	residence	NOUN
cjrl-2328	305	175	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	305	176	night	night	NOUN
cjrl-2328	305	177	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	305	178	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	305	179	rain	rain	NOUN
cjrl-2328	305	180	when	when	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	305	181	he	he	PRON
cjrl-2328	305	182	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	305	183	his	his	PRON
cjrl-2328	305	184	brother	brother	NOUN
cjrl-2328	305	185	were	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	305	186	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	305	187	their	their	PRON
cjrl-2328	305	188	home	home	NOUN
cjrl-2328	305	189	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	305	190	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	305	191	without	without	ADP
cjrl-2328	305	192	knocking	knock	VERB
cjrl-2328	305	193	or	or	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	305	194	announcing	announce	VERB
cjrl-2328	305	195	themselves	themselves	PRON
cjrl-2328	305	196	as	as	ADP
cjrl-2328	305	197	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	305	198	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	305	199	made	make	VERB
cjrl-2328	305	200	threatening	threatening	ADJ
cjrl-2328	305	201	comments	comment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	305	202	about	about	ADP
cjrl-2328	305	203	intruding	intrude	VERB
cjrl-2328	305	204	into	into	ADP
cjrl-2328	305	205	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	305	206	home	home	NOUN
cjrl-2328	305	207	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	305	208	attack	attack	VERB
cjrl-2328	305	209	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	305	210	brothers	brother	NOUN
cjrl-2328	305	211	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	306	1	94	94	NUM
cjrl-2328	306	2	on	on	ADP
cjrl-2328	306	3	appeal	appeal	NOUN
cjrl-2328	306	4	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	306	5	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	306	6	panel	panel	NOUN
cjrl-2328	306	7	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	306	8	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	306	9	tenth	tenth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	306	10	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cjrl-2328	306	11	considered	consider	VERB
cjrl-2328	306	12	whether	whether	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	306	13	pauly	pauly	PROPN
cjrl-2328	306	14	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	306	15	act	act	NOUN
cjrl-2328	306	16	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	306	17	pointing	point	VERB
cjrl-2328	306	18	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	306	19	gun	gun	NOUN
cjrl-2328	306	20	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	306	21	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	306	22	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	306	23	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	306	24	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	306	25	intervening	intervene	VERB
cjrl-2328	306	26	act	act	NOUN
cjrl-2328	306	27	or	or	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	306	28	within	within	ADP
cjrl-2328	306	29	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	306	30	scope	scope	NOUN
cjrl-2328	306	31	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	306	32	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	306	33	original	original	ADJ
cjrl-2328	306	34	risk	risk	NOUN
cjrl-2328	306	35	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	306	36	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	306	37	assumed	assume	VERB
cjrl-2328	306	38	by	by	ADP
cjrl-2328	306	39	entering	enter	VERB
cjrl-2328	306	40	pauly	pauly	PROPN
cjrl-2328	306	41	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	306	42	home	home	NOUN
cjrl-2328	306	43	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	306	44	night	night	NOUN
cjrl-2328	306	45	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	306	46	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	306	47	threatening	threatening	ADJ
cjrl-2328	306	48	manner.95	manner.95	NOUN
cjrl-2328	306	49	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	306	50	court	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	306	51	concluded	conclude	VERB
cjrl-2328	306	52	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	306	53	because	because	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	306	54	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	306	55	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	306	56	could	could	AUX
cjrl-2328	306	57	have	have	AUX
cjrl-2328	306	58	predicted	predict	VERB
cjrl-2328	306	59	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	306	60	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	306	61	two	two	NUM
cjrl-2328	306	62	civilians	civilian	NOUN
cjrl-2328	306	63	inside	inside	ADP
cjrl-2328	306	64	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	306	65	residence	residence	NOUN
cjrl-2328	306	66	would	would	AUX
cjrl-2328	306	67	open	open	VERB
cjrl-2328	306	68	fire	fire	NOUN
cjrl-2328	306	69	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	306	70	response	response	NOUN
cjrl-2328	306	71	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	306	72	93	93	NUM
cjrl-2328	306	73	brief	brief	NOUN
cjrl-2328	306	74	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	306	75	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	306	76	petitioner	petitioner	NOUN
cjrl-2328	306	77	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	306	78	55	55	NUM
cjrl-2328	306	79	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	306	80	cty	cty	PROPN
cjrl-2328	306	81	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	306	82	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	306	83	los	los	PROPN
cjrl-2328	306	84	angeles	angeles	PROPN
cjrl-2328	306	85	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	306	86	mendez	mendez	PROPN
cjrl-2328	306	87	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	306	88	137	137	NUM
cjrl-2328	306	89	s.	s.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	306	90	ct	ct	PROPN
cjrl-2328	306	91	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	306	92	1539	1539	NUM
cjrl-2328	306	93	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	306	94	2017	2017	NUM
cjrl-2328	306	95	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	306	96	2017	2017	NUM
cjrl-2328	306	97	wl	wl	NOUN
cjrl-2328	306	98	696103	696103	NUM
cjrl-2328	306	99	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	306	100	arguing	argue	VERB
cjrl-2328	306	101	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	306	102	tortious	tortious	ADJ
cjrl-2328	306	103	or	or	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	306	104	criminal	criminal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	306	105	reaction	reaction	NOUN
cjrl-2328	306	106	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	306	107	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	306	108	constitutes	constitute	VERB
cjrl-2328	306	109	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	306	110	superseding	superseding	NOUN
cjrl-2328	306	111	cause	cause	NOUN
cjrl-2328	306	112	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	306	113	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	307	1	94	94	NUM
cjrl-2328	307	2	pauly	pauly	PROPN
cjrl-2328	307	3	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	307	4	white	white	ADJ
cjrl-2328	307	5	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	307	6	814	814	NUM
cjrl-2328	307	7	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	307	8	1060	1060	NUM
cjrl-2328	307	9	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	307	10	1066	1066	NUM
cjrl-2328	307	11	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	307	12	1070	1070	NUM
cjrl-2328	307	13	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	307	14	10th	10th	ADJ
cjrl-2328	307	15	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	307	16	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	307	17	2016	2016	NUM
cjrl-2328	307	18	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	307	19	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	307	20	cert	cert	NOUN
cjrl-2328	307	21	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	308	1	granted	grant	VERB
cjrl-2328	308	2	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	308	3	judgment	judgment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	308	4	vacated	vacate	VERB
cjrl-2328	308	5	on	on	ADP
cjrl-2328	308	6	other	other	ADJ
cjrl-2328	308	7	grounds	ground	NOUN
cjrl-2328	308	8	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	308	9	137	137	NUM
cjrl-2328	308	10	s.	s.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	308	11	ct	ct	PROPN
cjrl-2328	308	12	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	309	1	548	548	NUM
cjrl-2328	309	2	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	309	3	2017	2017	NUM
cjrl-2328	309	4	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	309	5	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	310	1	see	see	VERB
cjrl-2328	310	2	137	137	NUM
cjrl-2328	310	3	s.	s.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	310	4	ct	ct	PROPN
cjrl-2328	310	5	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	311	1	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	311	2	552	552	NUM
cjrl-2328	311	3	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	311	4	explaining	explain	VERB
cjrl-2328	311	5	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	311	6	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	311	7	panel	panel	NOUN
cjrl-2328	311	8	majority	majority	NOUN
cjrl-2328	311	9	applied	apply	VERB
cjrl-2328	311	10	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	311	11	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	311	12	clearly	clearly	ADV
cjrl-2328	311	13	established	establish	VERB
cjrl-2328	311	14	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	311	15	standard	standard	NOUN
cjrl-2328	311	16	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	311	17	too	too	ADV
cjrl-2328	311	18	high	high	ADJ
cjrl-2328	311	19	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	311	20	level	level	NOUN
cjrl-2328	311	21	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	311	22	abstraction	abstraction	NOUN
cjrl-2328	311	23	when	when	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	311	24	it	it	PRON
cjrl-2328	311	25	conducted	conduct	VERB
cjrl-2328	311	26	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	311	27	qualified	qualified	ADJ
cjrl-2328	311	28	immunity	immunity	NOUN
cjrl-2328	311	29	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cjrl-2328	311	30	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	311	31	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	312	1	95	95	NUM
cjrl-2328	313	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	313	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	313	3	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	313	4	1073	1073	NUM
cjrl-2328	313	5	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	314	1	22	22	NUM
cjrl-2328	314	2	columbia	columbia	PROPN
cjrl-2328	314	3	journal	journal	PROPN
cjrl-2328	314	4	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	314	5	race	race	NOUN
cjrl-2328	314	6	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	314	7	law	law	NOUN
cjrl-2328	315	1	[	[	X
cjrl-2328	315	2	vol	vol	NOUN
cjrl-2328	315	3	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	315	4	8:1	8:1	NUM
cjrl-2328	315	5	pauly	pauly	PROPN
cjrl-2328	315	6	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	315	7	actions	action	NOUN
cjrl-2328	315	8	did	do	AUX
cjrl-2328	315	9	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	315	10	constitute	constitute	VERB
cjrl-2328	315	11	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	315	12	superseding	superseding	NOUN
cjrl-2328	315	13	cause	cause	NOUN
cjrl-2328	315	14	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	315	15	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	315	16	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	315	17	’	’	PART
cjrl-2328	315	18	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	315	19	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	315	20	force.96	force.96	PROPN
cjrl-2328	315	21	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	315	22	summary	summary	NOUN
cjrl-2328	315	23	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	315	24	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	315	25	relevance	relevance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	315	26	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	315	27	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	315	28	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	315	29	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	315	30	pre	pre	VERB
cjrl-2328	315	31	-	-	ADJ
cjrl-2328	315	32	seizure	seizure	ADJ
cjrl-2328	315	33	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	315	34	should	should	AUX
cjrl-2328	315	35	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	315	36	determined	determine	VERB
cjrl-2328	315	37	based	base	VERB
cjrl-2328	315	38	on	on	ADP
cjrl-2328	315	39	how	how	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	315	40	closely	closely	ADV
cjrl-2328	315	41	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	315	42	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	315	43	relates	relate	VERB
cjrl-2328	315	44	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	315	45	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	315	46	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	315	47	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	315	48	issue	issue	NOUN
cjrl-2328	315	49	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	315	50	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	315	51	whether	whether	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	315	52	there	there	PRON
cjrl-2328	315	53	was	be	VERB
cjrl-2328	315	54	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	315	55	superseding	superseding	NOUN
cjrl-2328	315	56	cause	cause	NOUN
cjrl-2328	315	57	under	under	ADP
cjrl-2328	315	58	traditional	traditional	ADJ
cjrl-2328	315	59	jurisprudential	jurisprudential	ADJ
cjrl-2328	315	60	principles	principle	NOUN
cjrl-2328	315	61	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	315	62	proximate	proximate	NOUN
cjrl-2328	315	63	cause.97	cause.97	NOUN
cjrl-2328	315	64	most	most	ADJ
cjrl-2328	315	65	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	315	66	have	have	AUX
cjrl-2328	315	67	recognized	recognize	VERB
cjrl-2328	315	68	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	315	69	limited	limited	ADJ
cjrl-2328	315	70	principle	principle	NOUN
cjrl-2328	315	71	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	315	72	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	315	73	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	315	74	can	can	AUX
cjrl-2328	315	75	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	315	76	rely	rely	VERB
cjrl-2328	315	77	on	on	ADP
cjrl-2328	315	78	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	315	79	civilian	civilian	NOUN
cjrl-2328	315	80	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	315	81	attempt	attempt	NOUN
cjrl-2328	315	82	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	315	83	comply	comply	VERB
cjrl-2328	315	84	with	with	ADP
cjrl-2328	315	85	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	315	86	order	order	NOUN
cjrl-2328	315	87	or	or	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	315	88	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	315	89	civilian	civilian	NOUN
cjrl-2328	315	90	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	315	91	immediate	immediate	ADJ
cjrl-2328	315	92	reaction	reaction	NOUN
cjrl-2328	315	93	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	315	94	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	315	95	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	315	96	as	as	ADP
cjrl-2328	315	97	justification	justification	NOUN
cjrl-2328	315	98	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	315	99	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	315	100	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	315	101	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	315	102	additional	additional	ADJ
cjrl-2328	315	103	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	315	104	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	316	1	98	98	NUM
cjrl-2328	317	1	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	317	2	logical	logical	ADJ
cjrl-2328	317	3	extension	extension	NOUN
cjrl-2328	317	4	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	317	5	this	this	DET
cjrl-2328	317	6	reasoning	reasoning	NOUN
cjrl-2328	317	7	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	317	8	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	317	9	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	317	10	should	should	AUX
cjrl-2328	317	11	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	317	12	liable	liable	ADJ
cjrl-2328	317	13	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	317	14	excessive	excessive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	317	15	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	317	16	when	when	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	317	17	their	their	PRON
cjrl-2328	317	18	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	317	19	causes	cause	VERB
cjrl-2328	317	20	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	317	21	justification	justification	NOUN
cjrl-2328	317	22	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	317	23	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	317	24	force.99	force.99	NOUN
cjrl-2328	317	25	while	while	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	317	26	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	317	27	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	317	28	apply	apply	VERB
cjrl-2328	317	29	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	317	30	segmented	segment	VERB
cjrl-2328	317	31	approach	approach	NOUN
cjrl-2328	317	32	struggle	struggle	NOUN
cjrl-2328	317	33	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	317	34	analyze	analyze	VERB
cjrl-2328	317	35	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	317	36	relationship	relationship	NOUN
cjrl-2328	317	37	96	96	NUM
cjrl-2328	318	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	318	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	318	3	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	318	4	1090	1090	NUM
cjrl-2328	318	5	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	319	1	97	97	NUM
cjrl-2328	319	2	brief	brief	NOUN
cjrl-2328	319	3	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	319	4	petitioner	petitioner	NOUN
cjrl-2328	319	5	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	319	6	42–56	42–56	NUM
cjrl-2328	319	7	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	319	8	cty	cty	PROPN
cjrl-2328	319	9	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	319	10	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	319	11	los	los	PROPN
cjrl-2328	319	12	angeles	angeles	PROPN
cjrl-2328	319	13	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	319	14	mendez	mendez	PROPN
cjrl-2328	319	15	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	319	16	2017	2017	NUM
cjrl-2328	319	17	wl	wl	NOUN
cjrl-2328	319	18	696103	696103	NUM
cjrl-2328	319	19	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	320	1	98	98	NUM
cjrl-2328	320	2	see	see	VERB
cjrl-2328	320	3	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	320	4	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
cjrl-2328	320	5	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	320	6	kirby	kirby	PROPN
cjrl-2328	320	7	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	320	8	duva	duva	PROPN
cjrl-2328	320	9	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	320	10	530	530	NUM
cjrl-2328	320	11	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	320	12	475	475	NUM
cjrl-2328	320	13	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	320	14	482	482	NUM
cjrl-2328	320	15	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	320	16	6th	6th	ADJ
cjrl-2328	320	17	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	320	18	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	320	19	2008	2008	NUM
cjrl-2328	320	20	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	320	21	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	320	22	observing	observe	VERB
cjrl-2328	320	23	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	320	24	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	320	25	case	case	NOUN
cjrl-2328	320	26	where	where	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	320	27	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	320	28	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	320	29	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	320	30	moved	move	VERB
cjrl-2328	320	31	towards	towards	ADP
cjrl-2328	320	32	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	320	33	moving	move	VERB
cjrl-2328	320	34	vehicle	vehicle	NOUN
cjrl-2328	320	35	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	320	36	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	320	37	[	[	X
cjrl-2328	320	38	w]here	w]here	X
cjrl-2328	320	39	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	320	40	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	320	41	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	320	42	unreasonably	unreasonably	ADV
cjrl-2328	320	43	places	place	VERB
cjrl-2328	320	44	himself	himself	PRON
cjrl-2328	320	45	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	320	46	harm	harm	NOUN
cjrl-2328	320	47	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	320	48	way	way	NOUN
cjrl-2328	320	49	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	320	50	his	his	PRON
cjrl-2328	320	51	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	320	52	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	320	53	deadly	deadly	ADJ
cjrl-2328	320	54	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	320	55	may	may	AUX
cjrl-2328	320	56	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	320	57	deemed	deem	VERB
cjrl-2328	320	58	excessive	excessive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	320	59	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	320	60	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	320	61	;	;	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	320	62	sample	sample	NOUN
cjrl-2328	320	63	v.	v.	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	320	64	bailey	bailey	PROPN
cjrl-2328	320	65	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	320	66	409	409	NUM
cjrl-2328	320	67	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	320	68	689	689	NUM
cjrl-2328	320	69	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	320	70	697	697	NUM
cjrl-2328	320	71	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	320	72	6th	6th	ADJ
cjrl-2328	320	73	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	320	74	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	320	75	2005	2005	NUM
cjrl-2328	320	76	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	320	77	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	320	78	holding	hold	VERB
cjrl-2328	320	79	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	320	80	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	320	81	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	320	82	could	could	AUX
cjrl-2328	320	83	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	320	84	order	order	VERB
cjrl-2328	320	85	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	320	86	suspect	suspect	NOUN
cjrl-2328	320	87	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	320	88	get	get	VERB
cjrl-2328	320	89	out	out	ADP
cjrl-2328	320	90	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	320	91	his	his	PRON
cjrl-2328	320	92	hiding	hiding	NOUN
cjrl-2328	320	93	place	place	NOUN
cjrl-2328	320	94	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	320	95	then	then	ADV
cjrl-2328	320	96	rely	rely	VERB
cjrl-2328	320	97	on	on	ADP
cjrl-2328	320	98	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	320	99	suspect	suspect	NOUN
cjrl-2328	320	100	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	320	101	movement	movement	NOUN
cjrl-2328	320	102	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	320	103	justify	justify	VERB
cjrl-2328	320	104	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	320	105	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	320	106	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	320	107	lethal	lethal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	320	108	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	320	109	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	320	110	;	;	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	320	111	ribbey	ribbey	PROPN
cjrl-2328	320	112	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	320	113	cox	cox	PROPN
cjrl-2328	320	114	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	320	115	222	222	NUM
cjrl-2328	320	116	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	320	117	1040	1040	NUM
cjrl-2328	320	118	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	320	119	1042	1042	NUM
cjrl-2328	320	120	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	320	121	8th	8th	ADJ
cjrl-2328	320	122	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	320	123	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	320	124	2000	2000	NUM
cjrl-2328	320	125	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	321	1	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	321	2	holding	hold	VERB
cjrl-2328	321	3	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	321	4	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	321	5	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	321	6	could	could	AUX
cjrl-2328	321	7	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	321	8	unreasonably	unreasonably	ADV
cjrl-2328	321	9	break	break	VERB
cjrl-2328	321	10	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	321	11	car	car	NOUN
cjrl-2328	321	12	window	window	NOUN
cjrl-2328	321	13	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	321	14	then	then	ADV
cjrl-2328	321	15	rely	rely	VERB
cjrl-2328	321	16	upon	upon	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	321	17	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	321	18	suspect	suspect	NOUN
cjrl-2328	321	19	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	321	20	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	321	21	reflex[ive	reflex[ive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	321	22	]	]	X
cjrl-2328	322	1	[	[	X
cjrl-2328	322	2	movement	movement	NOUN
cjrl-2328	322	3	]	]	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	322	4	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	322	5	protect	protect	VERB
cjrl-2328	322	6	himself	himself	PRON
cjrl-2328	322	7	from	from	ADP
cjrl-2328	322	8	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	322	9	breaking	break	VERB
cjrl-2328	322	10	glass	glass	NOUN
cjrl-2328	322	11	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	322	12	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	322	13	justify	justify	VERB
cjrl-2328	322	14	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	322	15	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	322	16	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	322	17	lethal	lethal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	322	18	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	322	19	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	322	20	;	;	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	322	21	estate	estate	NOUN
cjrl-2328	322	22	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	322	23	starks	stark	NOUN
cjrl-2328	322	24	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	322	25	enyart	enyart	NOUN
cjrl-2328	322	26	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	322	27	5	5	NUM
cjrl-2328	322	28	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	322	29	230	230	NUM
cjrl-2328	322	30	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	322	31	234	234	NUM
cjrl-2328	322	32	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	322	33	7th	7th	ADJ
cjrl-2328	322	34	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	322	35	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	322	36	1993	1993	NUM
cjrl-2328	322	37	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	322	38	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	322	39	holding	hold	VERB
cjrl-2328	322	40	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	322	41	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	322	42	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	322	43	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	322	44	can	can	AUX
cjrl-2328	322	45	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	322	46	jump	jump	VERB
cjrl-2328	322	47	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	322	48	front	front	NOUN
cjrl-2328	322	49	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	322	50	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	322	51	suspect	suspect	NOUN
cjrl-2328	322	52	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	322	53	car	car	NOUN
cjrl-2328	322	54	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	322	55	then	then	ADV
cjrl-2328	322	56	rely	rely	VERB
cjrl-2328	322	57	upon	upon	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	322	58	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	322	59	danger	danger	NOUN
cjrl-2328	322	60	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	322	61	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	322	62	oncoming	oncoming	ADJ
cjrl-2328	322	63	car	car	NOUN
cjrl-2328	322	64	as	as	ADP
cjrl-2328	322	65	justification	justification	NOUN
cjrl-2328	322	66	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	322	67	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	322	68	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	322	69	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	322	70	deadly	deadly	ADJ
cjrl-2328	322	71	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	322	72	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	322	73	;	;	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	322	74	kopf	kopf	PROPN
cjrl-2328	322	75	v.	v.	ADJ
cjrl-2328	322	76	wing	wing	NOUN
cjrl-2328	322	77	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	322	78	942	942	NUM
cjrl-2328	322	79	f.2d	f.2d	NOUN
cjrl-2328	322	80	265	265	NUM
cjrl-2328	322	81	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	322	82	268	268	NUM
cjrl-2328	322	83	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	322	84	4th	4th	ADJ
cjrl-2328	322	85	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	322	86	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	322	87	1991	1991	NUM
cjrl-2328	322	88	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	322	89	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	322	90	finding	find	VERB
cjrl-2328	322	91	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	322	92	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	322	93	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	322	94	could	could	AUX
cjrl-2328	322	95	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	322	96	deploy	deploy	VERB
cjrl-2328	322	97	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	322	98	attack	attack	NOUN
cjrl-2328	322	99	dog	dog	NOUN
cjrl-2328	322	100	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	322	101	then	then	ADV
cjrl-2328	322	102	rely	rely	VERB
cjrl-2328	322	103	upon	upon	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	322	104	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	322	105	suspect	suspect	NOUN
cjrl-2328	322	106	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	322	107	inability	inability	NOUN
cjrl-2328	322	108	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	322	109	put	put	VERB
cjrl-2328	322	110	his	his	PRON
cjrl-2328	322	111	hands	hand	NOUN
cjrl-2328	322	112	up	up	ADP
cjrl-2328	322	113	as	as	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	322	114	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	322	115	dog	dog	NOUN
cjrl-2328	322	116	attacked	attack	VERB
cjrl-2328	322	117	him	he	PRON
cjrl-2328	322	118	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	322	119	justify	justify	VERB
cjrl-2328	322	120	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	322	121	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ
cjrl-2328	322	122	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	322	123	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	322	124	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	322	125	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	322	126	;	;	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	322	127	gilmere	gilmere	ADV
cjrl-2328	322	128	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	322	129	city	city	NOUN
cjrl-2328	322	130	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	322	131	atlanta	atlanta	PROPN
cjrl-2328	322	132	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	322	133	ga	ga	PROPN
cjrl-2328	322	134	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	322	135	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	322	136	774	774	NUM
cjrl-2328	322	137	f.2d	f.2d	ADP
cjrl-2328	322	138	1495	1495	NUM
cjrl-2328	322	139	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	322	140	1502	1502	NUM
cjrl-2328	322	141	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	322	142	11th	11th	ADJ
cjrl-2328	322	143	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	322	144	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	322	145	1985	1985	NUM
cjrl-2328	322	146	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	322	147	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	322	148	holding	hold	VERB
cjrl-2328	322	149	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	322	150	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	322	151	shooting	shooting	NOUN
cjrl-2328	322	152	directly	directly	ADV
cjrl-2328	322	153	resulting	result	VERB
cjrl-2328	322	154	from	from	ADP
cjrl-2328	322	155	decedent	decedent	PROPN
cjrl-2328	322	156	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	322	157	efforts	effort	NOUN
cjrl-2328	322	158	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	322	159	escape	escape	VERB
cjrl-2328	322	160	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	322	161	’	'	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	322	162	unwarranted	unwarranted	ADJ
cjrl-2328	322	163	physical	physical	ADJ
cjrl-2328	322	164	abuse	abuse	NOUN
cjrl-2328	322	165	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	322	166	g[a]ve	g[a]ve	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	322	167	grounds	ground	NOUN
cjrl-2328	322	168	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	322	169	relief	relief	NOUN
cjrl-2328	322	170	under	under	ADP
cjrl-2328	322	171	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	322	172	fourth	fourth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	322	173	amendment	amendment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	322	174	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	322	175	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	322	176	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	323	1	99	99	NUM
cjrl-2328	323	2	chiraag	chiraag	NOUN
cjrl-2328	323	3	bains	bain	NOUN
cjrl-2328	323	4	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	323	5	can	can	AUX
cjrl-2328	323	6	cops	cop	NOUN
cjrl-2328	323	7	use	use	VERB
cjrl-2328	323	8	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	323	9	with	with	ADP
cjrl-2328	323	10	impunity	impunity	NOUN
cjrl-2328	323	11	when	when	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	323	12	they	they	PRON
cjrl-2328	323	13	’ve	’ve	AUX
cjrl-2328	323	14	created	create	VERB
cjrl-2328	323	15	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	323	16	unsafe	unsafe	ADJ
cjrl-2328	323	17	situation	situation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	323	18	?	?	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	324	1	sla	sla	PROPN
cjrl-2328	324	2	t	t	PROPN
cjrl-2328	324	3	e	e	PROPN
cjrl-2328	324	4	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	324	5	june	june	PROPN
cjrl-2328	324	6	15	15	NUM
cjrl-2328	324	7	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	324	8	2017	2017	NUM
cjrl-2328	324	9	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	324	10	7:00	7:00	NUM
cjrl-2328	324	11	am	am	NOUN
cjrl-2328	324	12	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	324	13	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	324	14	www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/jurisprudence/2017/06/the_supr	www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/jurisprudence/2017/06/the_supr	NOUN
cjrl-2328	324	15	eme_court_suggests_cops_use_of_force_is_always_justified.html	eme_court_suggests_cops_use_of_force_is_always_justified.html	ADV
cjrl-2328	324	16	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	324	17	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	324	18	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	324	19	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	324	20	should	should	AUX
cjrl-2328	324	21	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	324	22	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	324	23	allowed	allow	VERB
cjrl-2328	324	24	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	324	25	create	create	VERB
cjrl-2328	324	26	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ
cjrl-2328	324	27	situations	situation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	324	28	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	324	29	leave	leave	VERB
cjrl-2328	324	30	them	they	PRON
cjrl-2328	324	31	with	with	ADP
cjrl-2328	324	32	no	no	DET
cjrl-2328	324	33	choice	choice	NOUN
cjrl-2328	324	34	but	but	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	324	35	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	324	36	use	use	VERB
cjrl-2328	324	37	deadly	deadly	ADJ
cjrl-2328	324	38	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	324	39	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	325	1	instead	instead	ADV
cjrl-2328	325	2	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	325	3	our	our	PRON
cjrl-2328	325	4	system	system	NOUN
cjrl-2328	325	5	should	should	AUX
cjrl-2328	325	6	discourage	discourage	VERB
cjrl-2328	325	7	such	such	ADJ
cjrl-2328	325	8	reckless	reckless	ADJ
cjrl-2328	325	9	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	325	10	by	by	ADP
cjrl-2328	325	11	making	make	VERB
cjrl-2328	325	12	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	325	13	liable	liable	ADJ
cjrl-2328	325	14	when	when	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	325	15	they	they	PRON
cjrl-2328	325	16	do	do	VERB
cjrl-2328	325	17	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	325	18	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	325	19	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	325	20	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	326	1	no	no	INTJ
cjrl-2328	326	2	.	.	NOUN
cjrl-2328	326	3	1:1	1:1	NUM
cjrl-2328	326	4	]	]	X
cjrl-2328	326	5	dismantling	dismantle	VERB
cjrl-2328	326	6	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	326	7	trap	trap	NOUN
cjrl-2328	326	8	23	23	NUM
cjrl-2328	326	9	between	between	ADP
cjrl-2328	326	10	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	326	11	series	series	NOUN
cjrl-2328	326	12	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	326	13	events	event	NOUN
cjrl-2328	326	14	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	326	15	principles	principle	NOUN
cjrl-2328	326	16	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	326	17	proximate	proximate	NOUN
cjrl-2328	326	18	causation	causation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	326	19	provide	provide	VERB
cjrl-2328	326	20	workable	workable	ADJ
cjrl-2328	326	21	rules	rule	NOUN
cjrl-2328	326	22	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	326	23	interpreting	interpret	VERB
cjrl-2328	326	24	how	how	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	326	25	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	326	26	impose	impose	VERB
cjrl-2328	326	27	liability	liability	NOUN
cjrl-2328	326	28	when	when	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	326	29	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	326	30	series	series	NOUN
cjrl-2328	326	31	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	326	32	events	event	NOUN
cjrl-2328	326	33	interact	interact	VERB
cjrl-2328	326	34	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	326	35	produce	produce	VERB
cjrl-2328	326	36	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	326	37	result	result	NOUN
cjrl-2328	326	38	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	327	1	as	as	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	327	2	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	327	3	next	next	ADJ
cjrl-2328	327	4	section	section	NOUN
cjrl-2328	327	5	describes	describe	VERB
cjrl-2328	327	6	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	327	7	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	327	8	causation	causation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	327	9	approach	approach	NOUN
cjrl-2328	327	10	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	327	11	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	327	12	only	only	ADV
cjrl-2328	327	13	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	327	14	most	most	ADV
cjrl-2328	327	15	workable	workable	ADJ
cjrl-2328	327	16	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	327	17	but	but	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	327	18	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	327	19	most	most	ADV
cjrl-2328	327	20	promising	promising	ADJ
cjrl-2328	327	21	under	under	ADP
cjrl-2328	327	22	recent	recent	ADJ
cjrl-2328	327	23	supreme	supreme	PROPN
cjrl-2328	327	24	court	court	PROPN
cjrl-2328	327	25	case	case	NOUN
cjrl-2328	327	26	law	law	NOUN
cjrl-2328	327	27	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	328	1	iv	iv	X
cjrl-2328	328	2	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	329	1	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	329	2	supreme	supreme	PROPN
cjrl-2328	329	3	court	court	PROPN
cjrl-2328	329	4	suggests	suggest	VERB
cjrl-2328	329	5	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	329	6	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	329	7	should	should	AUX
cjrl-2328	329	8	apply	apply	VERB
cjrl-2328	329	9	tort	tort	NOUN
cjrl-2328	329	10	principles	principle	NOUN
cjrl-2328	329	11	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	329	12	causation	causation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	329	13	when	when	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	329	14	considering	consider	VERB
cjrl-2328	329	15	pre	pre	VERB
cjrl-2328	329	16	-	-	ADJ
cjrl-2328	329	17	seizure	seizure	ADJ
cjrl-2328	329	18	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	329	19	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	329	20	county	county	NOUN
cjrl-2328	329	21	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	329	22	los	los	PROPN
cjrl-2328	329	23	angeles	angeles	PROPN
cjrl-2328	329	24	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	329	25	mendez	mendez	PROPN
cjrl-2328	329	26	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	329	27	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	329	28	supreme	supreme	PROPN
cjrl-2328	329	29	court	court	PROPN
cjrl-2328	329	30	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	329	31	asked	ask	VERB
cjrl-2328	329	32	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	329	33	review	review	VERB
cjrl-2328	329	34	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	329	35	question	question	NOUN
cjrl-2328	329	36	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	329	37	how	how	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	329	38	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	329	39	may	may	AUX
cjrl-2328	329	40	consider	consider	VERB
cjrl-2328	329	41	pre	pre	VERB
cjrl-2328	329	42	-	-	VERB
cjrl-2328	329	43	seizure	seizure	ADJ
cjrl-2328	329	44	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	329	45	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	329	46	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	329	47	case	case	NOUN
cjrl-2328	329	48	challenging	challenge	VERB
cjrl-2328	329	49	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	329	50	ninth	ninth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	329	51	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cjrl-2328	329	52	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	329	53	provocation	provocation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	329	54	rule.100	rule.100	VERB
cjrl-2328	329	55	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	329	56	ninth	ninth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	329	57	circuit	circuit	PROPN
cjrl-2328	329	58	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	329	59	approach	approach	NOUN
cjrl-2328	329	60	permitted	permit	VERB
cjrl-2328	329	61	more	more	ADV
cjrl-2328	329	62	limited	limited	ADJ
cjrl-2328	329	63	evidence	evidence	NOUN
cjrl-2328	329	64	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	329	65	pre	pre	ADJ
cjrl-2328	329	66	-	-	ADJ
cjrl-2328	329	67	seizure	seizure	ADJ
cjrl-2328	329	68	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	329	69	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	329	70	than	than	ADP
cjrl-2328	329	71	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	329	72	first	first	ADJ
cjrl-2328	329	73	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	329	74	third	third	ADJ
cjrl-2328	329	75	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	329	76	tenth	tenth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	329	77	circuits	circuit	NOUN
cjrl-2328	329	78	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	330	1	under	under	ADP
cjrl-2328	330	2	what	what	PRON
cjrl-2328	330	3	it	it	PRON
cjrl-2328	330	4	termed	term	VERB
cjrl-2328	330	5	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	330	6	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	330	7	provocation	provocation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	330	8	doctrine	doctrine	NOUN
cjrl-2328	330	9	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	330	10	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	330	11	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	330	12	ninth	ninth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	330	13	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cjrl-2328	330	14	held	hold	VERB
cjrl-2328	330	15	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	330	16	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	330	17	where	where	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	330	18	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	330	19	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	330	20	intentionally	intentionally	ADV
cjrl-2328	330	21	or	or	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	330	22	recklessly	recklessly	ADV
cjrl-2328	330	23	provokes	provoke	VERB
cjrl-2328	330	24	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	330	25	violent	violent	ADJ
cjrl-2328	330	26	confrontation	confrontation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	330	27	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	330	28	if	if	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	330	29	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	330	30	provocation	provocation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	330	31	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	330	32	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	330	33	independent	independent	ADJ
cjrl-2328	330	34	fourth	fourth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	330	35	amendment	amendment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	330	36	violation	violation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	330	37	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	330	38	he	he	PRON
cjrl-2328	330	39	may	may	AUX
cjrl-2328	330	40	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	330	41	held	hold	VERB
cjrl-2328	330	42	liable	liable	ADJ
cjrl-2328	330	43	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	330	44	his	his	PRON
cjrl-2328	330	45	otherwise	otherwise	ADV
cjrl-2328	330	46	defensive	defensive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	330	47	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	330	48	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	330	49	deadly	deadly	ADJ
cjrl-2328	330	50	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	330	51	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	330	52	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	331	1	101	101	NUM
cjrl-2328	331	2	thus	thus	ADV
cjrl-2328	331	3	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	331	4	if	if	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	331	5	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	331	6	plaintiff	plaintiff	NOUN
cjrl-2328	331	7	can	can	AUX
cjrl-2328	331	8	establish	establish	VERB
cjrl-2328	331	9	unconstitutional	unconstitutional	ADJ
cjrl-2328	331	10	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	331	11	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	331	12	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	331	13	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	331	14	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	331	15	liable	liable	ADJ
cjrl-2328	331	16	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	331	17	proximately	proximately	ADV
cjrl-2328	331	18	caused	cause	VERB
cjrl-2328	331	19	harm	harm	NOUN
cjrl-2328	331	20	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	331	21	regardless	regardless	ADV
cjrl-2328	331	22	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	331	23	whether	whether	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	331	24	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	331	25	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	331	26	might	might	AUX
cjrl-2328	331	27	have	have	AUX
cjrl-2328	331	28	otherwise	otherwise	ADV
cjrl-2328	331	29	been	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	331	30	reasonable	reasonable	ADJ
cjrl-2328	331	31	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	332	1	102	102	NUM
cjrl-2328	332	2	mendez	mendez	PROPN
cjrl-2328	332	3	involved	involve	VERB
cjrl-2328	332	4	two	two	NUM
cjrl-2328	332	5	deputies	deputy	NOUN
cjrl-2328	332	6	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	332	7	christopher	christopher	PROPN
cjrl-2328	332	8	conley	conley	PROPN
cjrl-2328	332	9	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	332	10	jennifer	jennifer	PROPN
cjrl-2328	332	11	pederson	pederson	PROPN
cjrl-2328	332	12	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	332	13	who	who	PRON
cjrl-2328	332	14	entered	enter	VERB
cjrl-2328	332	15	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	332	16	shack	shack	NOUN
cjrl-2328	332	17	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	332	18	belonged	belong	VERB
cjrl-2328	332	19	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	332	20	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	332	21	mendezes	mendeze	NOUN
cjrl-2328	332	22	announcing	announce	VERB
cjrl-2328	332	23	their	their	PRON
cjrl-2328	332	24	presence	presence	NOUN
cjrl-2328	332	25	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	333	1	103	103	NUM
cjrl-2328	334	1	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	334	2	deputies	deputy	NOUN
cjrl-2328	334	3	were	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	334	4	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	334	5	search	search	NOUN
cjrl-2328	334	6	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	334	7	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	334	8	armed	armed	ADJ
cjrl-2328	334	9	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	334	10	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ
cjrl-2328	334	11	parolee	parolee	NOUN
cjrl-2328	334	12	who	who	PRON
cjrl-2328	334	13	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	334	14	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	334	15	there	there	ADV
cjrl-2328	334	16	when	when	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	334	17	they	they	PRON
cjrl-2328	334	18	arrived	arrive	VERB
cjrl-2328	334	19	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	335	1	104	104	NUM
cjrl-2328	335	2	upon	upon	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	335	3	entering	enter	VERB
cjrl-2328	335	4	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	335	5	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	335	6	deputies	deputy	NOUN
cjrl-2328	335	7	thought	think	VERB
cjrl-2328	335	8	they	they	PRON
cjrl-2328	335	9	saw	see	VERB
cjrl-2328	335	10	mr	mr	PROPN
cjrl-2328	335	11	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	335	12	em	em	PRON
cjrl-2328	335	13	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	335	14	although	although	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	335	15	it	it	PRON
cjrl-2328	335	16	turned	turn	VERB
cjrl-2328	335	17	out	out	ADP
cjrl-2328	335	18	what	what	PRON
cjrl-2328	335	19	100	100	NUM
cjrl-2328	335	20	cty	cty	NOUN
cjrl-2328	335	21	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	335	22	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	335	23	los	los	PROPN
cjrl-2328	335	24	angeles	angeles	PROPN
cjrl-2328	335	25	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	335	26	mendez	mendez	PROPN
cjrl-2328	335	27	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	335	28	137	137	NUM
cjrl-2328	335	29	s.	s.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	335	30	ct	ct	PROPN
cjrl-2328	335	31	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	335	32	1539	1539	NUM
cjrl-2328	335	33	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	335	34	2017	2017	NUM
cjrl-2328	335	35	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	335	36	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	336	1	101	101	NUM
cjrl-2328	336	2	billington	billington	PROPN
cjrl-2328	336	3	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	336	4	smith	smith	PROPN
cjrl-2328	336	5	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	336	6	292	292	NUM
cjrl-2328	336	7	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	336	8	1177	1177	NUM
cjrl-2328	336	9	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	336	10	1189	1189	NUM
cjrl-2328	336	11	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	336	12	9th	9th	ADJ
cjrl-2328	336	13	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	336	14	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	336	15	2002	2002	NUM
cjrl-2328	336	16	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	336	17	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	336	18	abrogated	abrogate	VERB
cjrl-2328	336	19	by	by	ADP
cjrl-2328	336	20	mendez	mendez	PROPN
cjrl-2328	336	21	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	336	22	137	137	NUM
cjrl-2328	336	23	s.	s.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	336	24	ct	ct	PROPN
cjrl-2328	336	25	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	336	26	1539	1539	NUM
cjrl-2328	336	27	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	337	1	102	102	NUM
cjrl-2328	337	2	smith	smith	NOUN
cjrl-2328	337	3	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	337	4	1189–90	1189–90	PROPN
cjrl-2328	337	5	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	337	6	emphasis	emphasis	NOUN
cjrl-2328	337	7	added	add	VERB
cjrl-2328	337	8	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	337	9	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	338	1	103	103	NUM
cjrl-2328	338	2	mendez	mendez	PROPN
cjrl-2328	338	3	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	338	4	137	137	NUM
cjrl-2328	338	5	s.	s.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	338	6	ct	ct	PROPN
cjrl-2328	338	7	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	339	1	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	339	2	1544	1544	NUM
cjrl-2328	339	3	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	340	1	104	104	NUM
cjrl-2328	341	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	341	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	341	3	24	24	NUM
cjrl-2328	341	4	columbia	columbia	PROPN
cjrl-2328	341	5	journal	journal	PROPN
cjrl-2328	341	6	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	341	7	race	race	NOUN
cjrl-2328	341	8	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	341	9	law	law	NOUN
cjrl-2328	342	1	[	[	X
cjrl-2328	342	2	vol	vol	NOUN
cjrl-2328	342	3	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	342	4	8:1	8:1	NUM
cjrl-2328	342	5	mr	mr	PROPN
cjrl-2328	342	6	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	342	7	mendez	mendez	PROPN
cjrl-2328	342	8	actually	actually	ADV
cjrl-2328	342	9	possessed	possess	VERB
cjrl-2328	342	10	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	342	11	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	342	12	bb	bb	NOUN
cjrl-2328	342	13	gun	gun	NOUN
cjrl-2328	342	14	used	use	VERB
cjrl-2328	342	15	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	342	16	kill	kill	VERB
cjrl-2328	342	17	rodents	rodent	NOUN
cjrl-2328	342	18	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	342	19	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	342	20	home	home	NOUN
cjrl-2328	342	21	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	343	1	105	105	NUM
cjrl-2328	343	2	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	343	3	deputies	deputy	NOUN
cjrl-2328	343	4	shot	shoot	VERB
cjrl-2328	343	5	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	343	6	seriously	seriously	ADV
cjrl-2328	343	7	injured	injure	VERB
cjrl-2328	343	8	both	both	DET
cjrl-2328	343	9	mendezes	mendeze	NOUN
cjrl-2328	343	10	—	—	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	343	11	mrs	mrs	PROPN
cjrl-2328	343	12	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	343	13	mendez	mendez	PROPN
cjrl-2328	343	14	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	343	15	shot	shoot	VERB
cjrl-2328	343	16	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	343	17	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	343	18	back	back	NOUN
cjrl-2328	343	19	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	343	20	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	343	21	mr	mr	PROPN
cjrl-2328	343	22	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	343	23	mendez	mendez	PROPN
cjrl-2328	343	24	required	require	VERB
cjrl-2328	343	25	amputation	amputation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	343	26	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	343	27	his	his	PRON
cjrl-2328	343	28	right	right	ADJ
cjrl-2328	343	29	leg	leg	NOUN
cjrl-2328	343	30	below	below	ADP
cjrl-2328	343	31	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	343	32	knee.106	knee.106	NOUN
cjrl-2328	343	33	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	343	34	mendezes	mendeze	NOUN
cjrl-2328	343	35	sued	sue	VERB
cjrl-2328	343	36	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	343	37	deputies	deputy	NOUN
cjrl-2328	343	38	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	343	39	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	343	40	county	county	NOUN
cjrl-2328	343	41	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	343	42	los	los	PROPN
cjrl-2328	343	43	angeles	angeles	PROPN
cjrl-2328	343	44	under	under	ADP
cjrl-2328	343	45	§	§	PROPN
cjrl-2328	343	46	1983	1983	NUM
cjrl-2328	343	47	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	343	48	asserting	assert	VERB
cjrl-2328	343	49	three	three	NUM
cjrl-2328	343	50	distinct	distinct	ADJ
cjrl-2328	343	51	fourth	fourth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	343	52	amendment	amendment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	343	53	claims	claim	VERB
cjrl-2328	343	54	:	:	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	343	55	warrantless	warrantless	NOUN
cjrl-2328	343	56	entry	entry	NOUN
cjrl-2328	343	57	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	343	58	failure	failure	NOUN
cjrl-2328	343	59	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	343	60	knock	knock	VERB
cjrl-2328	343	61	-	-	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	343	62	andannounce	andannounce	NOUN
cjrl-2328	343	63	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	343	64	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	343	65	excessive	excessive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	343	66	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	343	67	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	344	1	writing	write	VERB
cjrl-2328	344	2	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	344	3	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	344	4	court	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	344	5	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	344	6	justice	justice	PROPN
cjrl-2328	344	7	alito	alito	PROPN
cjrl-2328	344	8	framed	frame	VERB
cjrl-2328	344	9	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	344	10	issue	issue	NOUN
cjrl-2328	344	11	as	as	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	344	12	:	:	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	344	13	if	if	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	344	14	law	law	NOUN
cjrl-2328	344	15	enforcement	enforcement	NOUN
cjrl-2328	344	16	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	344	17	make	make	VERB
cjrl-2328	344	18	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	344	19	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	344	20	seizure	seizure	NOUN
cjrl-2328	344	21	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	344	22	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	344	23	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	344	24	person	person	NOUN
cjrl-2328	344	25	using	use	VERB
cjrl-2328	344	26	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	344	27	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	344	28	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	344	29	judged	judge	VERB
cjrl-2328	344	30	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	344	31	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	344	32	reasonable	reasonable	ADJ
cjrl-2328	344	33	based	base	VERB
cjrl-2328	344	34	on	on	ADP
cjrl-2328	344	35	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	344	36	consideration	consideration	NOUN
cjrl-2328	344	37	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	344	38	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	344	39	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	344	40	relevant	relevant	ADJ
cjrl-2328	344	41	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	344	42	that	that	DET
cjrl-2328	344	43	determination	determination	NOUN
cjrl-2328	344	44	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	344	45	may	may	AUX
cjrl-2328	344	46	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	344	47	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	344	48	nevertheless	nevertheless	ADV
cjrl-2328	344	49	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	344	50	held	hold	VERB
cjrl-2328	344	51	liable	liable	ADJ
cjrl-2328	344	52	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	344	53	injuries	injury	NOUN
cjrl-2328	344	54	caused	cause	VERB
cjrl-2328	344	55	by	by	ADP
cjrl-2328	344	56	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	344	57	seizure	seizure	NOUN
cjrl-2328	344	58	on	on	ADP
cjrl-2328	344	59	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	344	60	ground	ground	NOUN
cjrl-2328	344	61	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	344	62	they	they	PRON
cjrl-2328	344	63	committed	commit	VERB
cjrl-2328	344	64	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	344	65	separate	separate	ADJ
cjrl-2328	344	66	fourth	fourth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	344	67	amendment	amendment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	344	68	violation	violation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	344	69	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	344	70	contributed	contribute	VERB
cjrl-2328	344	71	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	344	72	their	their	PRON
cjrl-2328	344	73	need	need	NOUN
cjrl-2328	344	74	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	344	75	use	use	VERB
cjrl-2328	344	76	force?107	force?107	PROPN
cjrl-2328	344	77	according	accord	VERB
cjrl-2328	344	78	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	344	79	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	344	80	court	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	344	81	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	344	82	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	344	83	ninth	ninth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	344	84	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cjrl-2328	344	85	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	344	86	provocation	provocation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	344	87	rule	rule	NOUN
cjrl-2328	344	88	conflated	conflate	VERB
cjrl-2328	344	89	distinct	distinct	ADJ
cjrl-2328	344	90	fourth	fourth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	344	91	amendment	amendment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	344	92	claims	claim	VERB
cjrl-2328	344	93	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	344	94	should	should	AUX
cjrl-2328	344	95	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	344	96	analyzed	analyze	VERB
cjrl-2328	344	97	independently	independently	ADV
cjrl-2328	344	98	by	by	ADP
cjrl-2328	344	99	asking	ask	VERB
cjrl-2328	344	100	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	344	101	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	344	102	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	344	103	look	look	VERB
cjrl-2328	344	104	back	back	ADV
cjrl-2328	344	105	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	344	106	time	time	NOUN
cjrl-2328	344	107	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	344	108	see	see	VERB
cjrl-2328	344	109	if	if	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	344	110	there	there	PRON
cjrl-2328	344	111	was	be	VERB
cjrl-2328	344	112	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	344	113	different	different	ADJ
cjrl-2328	344	114	fourth	fourth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	344	115	amendment	amendment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	344	116	violation	violation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	344	117	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	344	118	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	344	119	somehow	somehow	ADV
cjrl-2328	344	120	tied	tie	VERB
cjrl-2328	344	121	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	344	122	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	344	123	eventual	eventual	ADJ
cjrl-2328	344	124	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	344	125	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	344	126	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	344	127	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	344	128	”108	”108	NOUN
cjrl-2328	345	1	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	345	2	court	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	345	3	held	hold	VERB
cjrl-2328	345	4	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	345	5	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	345	6	fourth	fourth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	345	7	amendment	amendment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	345	8	provides	provide	VERB
cjrl-2328	345	9	no	no	DET
cjrl-2328	345	10	basis	basis	NOUN
cjrl-2328	345	11	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	345	12	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	345	13	ninth	ninth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	345	14	circuit	circuit	PROPN
cjrl-2328	345	15	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	345	16	approach	approach	NOUN
cjrl-2328	345	17	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	346	1	109	109	NUM
cjrl-2328	346	2	rather	rather	ADV
cjrl-2328	346	3	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	346	4	it	it	PRON
cjrl-2328	346	5	found	find	VERB
cjrl-2328	346	6	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	346	7	graham	graham	PROPN
cjrl-2328	346	8	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	346	9	totality	totality	NOUN
cjrl-2328	346	10	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	346	11	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	346	12	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	346	13	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cjrl-2328	346	14	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	346	15	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	346	16	only	only	ADV
cjrl-2328	346	17	controlling	control	VERB
cjrl-2328	346	18	test.110	test.110	NUM
cjrl-2328	346	19	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	346	20	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	346	21	footnote	footnote	NOUN
cjrl-2328	346	22	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	346	23	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	346	24	court	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	346	25	further	far	ADV
cjrl-2328	346	26	explained	explain	VERB
cjrl-2328	346	27	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	346	28	it	it	PRON
cjrl-2328	346	29	had	have	AUX
cjrl-2328	346	30	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	346	31	granted	grant	VERB
cjrl-2328	346	32	certiorari	certiorari	NOUN
cjrl-2328	346	33	on	on	ADP
cjrl-2328	346	34	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	346	35	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	346	36	thus	thus	ADV
cjrl-2328	346	37	declined	decline	VERB
cjrl-2328	346	38	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	346	39	address	address	VERB
cjrl-2328	346	40	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	346	41	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	346	42	question	question	NOUN
cjrl-2328	346	43	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	346	44	whether	whether	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	346	45	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	346	46	totality	totality	NOUN
cjrl-2328	346	47	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	346	48	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	346	49	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	346	50	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cjrl-2328	346	51	under	under	ADP
cjrl-2328	346	52	graham	graham	PROPN
cjrl-2328	346	53	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	346	54	means	mean	VERB
cjrl-2328	346	55	taking	take	VERB
cjrl-2328	346	56	into	into	ADP
cjrl-2328	346	57	account	account	NOUN
cjrl-2328	346	58	unreasonable	unreasonable	ADJ
cjrl-2328	346	59	105	105	NUM
cjrl-2328	346	60	i	i	PROPN
cjrl-2328	346	61	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	346	62	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	346	63	1545	1545	NUM
cjrl-2328	346	64	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	347	1	106	106	NUM
cjrl-2328	348	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	348	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	348	3	107	107	NUM
cjrl-2328	349	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	349	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	349	3	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	349	4	1543	1543	NUM
cjrl-2328	349	5	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	350	1	108	108	NUM
cjrl-2328	351	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	351	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	351	3	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	351	4	1547	1547	NUM
cjrl-2328	351	5	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	352	1	109	109	NUM
cjrl-2328	352	2	cty	cty	NOUN
cjrl-2328	352	3	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	352	4	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	352	5	los	los	PROPN
cjrl-2328	352	6	angeles	angeles	PROPN
cjrl-2328	352	7	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	352	8	mendez	mendez	PROPN
cjrl-2328	352	9	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	352	10	137	137	NUM
cjrl-2328	352	11	s.	s.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	352	12	ct	ct	PROPN
cjrl-2328	352	13	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	352	14	1539	1539	NUM
cjrl-2328	352	15	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	352	16	1544	1544	NUM
cjrl-2328	352	17	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	352	18	2017	2017	NUM
cjrl-2328	352	19	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	352	20	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	353	1	110	110	NUM
cjrl-2328	354	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	354	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	354	3	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	354	4	1547	1547	NUM
cjrl-2328	354	5	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	355	1	no	no	INTJ
cjrl-2328	355	2	.	.	NOUN
cjrl-2328	355	3	1:1	1:1	NUM
cjrl-2328	355	4	]	]	X
cjrl-2328	355	5	dismantling	dismantle	VERB
cjrl-2328	355	6	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	355	7	trap	trap	NOUN
cjrl-2328	355	8	25	25	NUM
cjrl-2328	355	9	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	355	10	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	355	11	prior	prior	ADV
cjrl-2328	355	12	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	355	13	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	355	14	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	355	15	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	355	16	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	355	17	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	355	18	foreseeably	foreseeably	ADV
cjrl-2328	355	19	created	create	VERB
cjrl-2328	355	20	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	355	21	need	need	NOUN
cjrl-2328	355	22	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	355	23	use	use	VERB
cjrl-2328	355	24	it	it	PRON
cjrl-2328	355	25	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	355	26	”111	”111	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	356	1	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	356	2	court	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	356	3	indicated	indicate	VERB
cjrl-2328	356	4	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	356	5	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	356	6	correct	correct	ADJ
cjrl-2328	356	7	question	question	NOUN
cjrl-2328	356	8	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	356	9	focus	focus	VERB
cjrl-2328	356	10	on	on	ADP
cjrl-2328	356	11	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	356	12	whether	whether	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	356	13	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	356	14	excessive	excessive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	356	15	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	356	16	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	356	17	issue	issue	NOUN
cjrl-2328	356	18	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	356	19	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	356	20	direct	direct	ADJ
cjrl-2328	356	21	result	result	NOUN
cjrl-2328	356	22	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	356	23	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	356	24	deputies	deputy	NOUN
cjrl-2328	356	25	’	'	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	356	26	earlier	early	ADJ
cjrl-2328	356	27	fourth	fourth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	356	28	amendment	amendment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	356	29	violations	violation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	356	30	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	356	31	under	under	ADP
cjrl-2328	356	32	basic	basic	ADJ
cjrl-2328	356	33	notions	notion	NOUN
cjrl-2328	356	34	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	356	35	proximate	proximate	NOUN
cjrl-2328	356	36	cause	cause	NOUN
cjrl-2328	356	37	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	356	38	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	356	39	112	112	NUM
cjrl-2328	356	40	or	or	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	356	41	whether	whether	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	356	42	mr	mr	PROPN
cjrl-2328	356	43	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	356	44	mendez	mendez	PROPN
cjrl-2328	356	45	pointing	point	VERB
cjrl-2328	356	46	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	356	47	gun	gun	NOUN
cjrl-2328	356	48	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	356	49	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	356	50	superseding	superseding	NOUN
cjrl-2328	356	51	cause	cause	NOUN
cjrl-2328	356	52	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	356	53	made	make	VERB
cjrl-2328	356	54	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	356	55	deputy	deputy	NOUN
cjrl-2328	356	56	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	356	57	decision	decision	NOUN
cjrl-2328	356	58	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	356	59	shoot	shoot	VERB
cjrl-2328	356	60	reasonable	reasonable	ADJ
cjrl-2328	356	61	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	357	1	after	after	ADP
cjrl-2328	357	2	mendez	mendez	PROPN
cjrl-2328	357	3	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	357	4	we	we	PRON
cjrl-2328	357	5	know	know	VERB
cjrl-2328	357	6	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	357	7	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	357	8	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	357	9	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	357	10	otherwise	otherwise	ADV
cjrl-2328	357	11	reasonable	reasonable	ADJ
cjrl-2328	357	12	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	357	13	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	357	14	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	357	15	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	357	16	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	357	17	as	as	ADP
cjrl-2328	357	18	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	357	19	matter	matter	NOUN
cjrl-2328	357	20	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	357	21	law	law	NOUN
cjrl-2328	357	22	unreasonable	unreasonable	ADJ
cjrl-2328	357	23	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	357	24	simply	simply	ADV
cjrl-2328	357	25	because	because	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	357	26	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	357	27	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	357	28	1	1	X
cjrl-2328	357	29	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	357	30	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	357	31	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	357	32	intentionally	intentionally	ADV
cjrl-2328	357	33	or	or	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	357	34	recklessly	recklessly	ADV
cjrl-2328	357	35	provoked	provoke	VERB
cjrl-2328	357	36	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	357	37	violent	violent	ADJ
cjrl-2328	357	38	response	response	NOUN
cjrl-2328	357	39	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	357	40	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	357	41	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	357	42	2	2	X
cjrl-2328	357	43	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	357	44	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	357	45	provocation	provocation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	357	46	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	357	47	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	357	48	independent	independent	ADJ
cjrl-2328	357	49	constitutional	constitutional	ADJ
cjrl-2328	357	50	violation	violation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	357	51	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	358	1	”113	”113	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	359	1	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	359	2	other	other	ADJ
cjrl-2328	359	3	words	word	NOUN
cjrl-2328	359	4	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	359	5	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	359	6	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	359	7	different	different	ADJ
cjrl-2328	359	8	fourth	fourth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	359	9	amendment	amendment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	359	10	violation	violation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	359	11	can	can	AUX
cjrl-2328	359	12	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	359	13	transform	transform	VERB
cjrl-2328	359	14	reasonable	reasonable	ADJ
cjrl-2328	359	15	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	359	16	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	359	17	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	359	18	into	into	ADP
cjrl-2328	359	19	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	359	20	unreasonable	unreasonable	ADJ
cjrl-2328	359	21	seizure	seizure	NOUN
cjrl-2328	359	22	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	359	23	”114	”114	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	360	1	but	but	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	360	2	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	360	3	question	question	NOUN
cjrl-2328	360	4	remains	remain	VERB
cjrl-2328	360	5	whether	whether	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	360	6	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	360	7	totality	totality	NOUN
cjrl-2328	360	8	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	360	9	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	360	10	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	360	11	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cjrl-2328	360	12	can	can	AUX
cjrl-2328	360	13	take	take	VERB
cjrl-2328	360	14	into	into	ADP
cjrl-2328	360	15	account	account	NOUN
cjrl-2328	360	16	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	360	17	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	360	18	prior	prior	ADV
cjrl-2328	360	19	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	360	20	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	360	21	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	360	22	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	360	23	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	360	24	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	360	25	caused	cause	VERB
cjrl-2328	360	26	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	360	27	need	need	NOUN
cjrl-2328	360	28	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	360	29	use	use	VERB
cjrl-2328	360	30	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	360	31	excessive	excessive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	360	32	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	360	33	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	360	34	issue	issue	NOUN
cjrl-2328	360	35	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	361	1	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	361	2	court	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	361	3	indicated	indicate	VERB
cjrl-2328	361	4	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	361	5	on	on	ADP
cjrl-2328	361	6	remand	remand	NOUN
cjrl-2328	361	7	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	361	8	ninth	ninth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	361	9	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cjrl-2328	361	10	should	should	AUX
cjrl-2328	361	11	consider	consider	VERB
cjrl-2328	361	12	whether	whether	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	361	13	there	there	PRON
cjrl-2328	361	14	was	be	VERB
cjrl-2328	361	15	direct	direct	ADJ
cjrl-2328	361	16	causation	causation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	361	17	between	between	ADP
cjrl-2328	361	18	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	361	19	prior	prior	ADJ
cjrl-2328	361	20	act	act	NOUN
cjrl-2328	361	21	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	361	22	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	361	23	need	need	NOUN
cjrl-2328	361	24	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	361	25	use	use	VERB
cjrl-2328	361	26	force,115	force,115	PROPN
cjrl-2328	361	27	suggesting	suggest	VERB
cjrl-2328	361	28	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	361	29	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	361	30	court	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	361	31	would	would	AUX
cjrl-2328	361	32	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	361	33	likely	likely	ADJ
cjrl-2328	361	34	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	361	35	accept	accept	VERB
cjrl-2328	361	36	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	361	37	approach	approach	NOUN
cjrl-2328	361	38	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	361	39	considers	consider	VERB
cjrl-2328	361	40	causation	causation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	361	41	like	like	ADP
cjrl-2328	361	42	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	361	43	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	361	44	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	361	45	first	first	ADJ
cjrl-2328	361	46	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	361	47	third	third	ADJ
cjrl-2328	361	48	or	or	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	361	49	tenth	tenth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	361	50	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cjrl-2328	361	51	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	362	1	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	362	2	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	362	3	severity	severity	NOUN
cjrl-2328	362	4	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	362	5	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	362	6	crime	crime	NOUN
cjrl-2328	362	7	provides	provide	VERB
cjrl-2328	362	8	additional	additional	ADJ
cjrl-2328	362	9	context	context	NOUN
cjrl-2328	362	10	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	362	11	evaluating	evaluate	VERB
cjrl-2328	362	12	causation	causation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	362	13	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	362	14	supreme	supreme	PROPN
cjrl-2328	362	15	court	court	PROPN
cjrl-2328	362	16	decided	decide	VERB
cjrl-2328	362	17	graham	graham	PROPN
cjrl-2328	362	18	before	before	ADP
cjrl-2328	362	19	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	362	20	dramatic	dramatic	ADJ
cjrl-2328	362	21	expansion	expansion	NOUN
cjrl-2328	362	22	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	362	23	terry	terry	PROPN
cjrl-2328	362	24	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	362	25	progeny	progeny	NOUN
cjrl-2328	362	26	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	362	27	particularly	particularly	ADV
cjrl-2328	362	28	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	362	29	case	case	NOUN
cjrl-2328	362	30	law	law	NOUN
cjrl-2328	362	31	governing	govern	VERB
cjrl-2328	362	32	pretextual	pretextual	NOUN
cjrl-2328	362	33	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	362	34	consent	consent	NOUN
cjrl-2328	362	35	searches	search	NOUN
cjrl-2328	362	36	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	363	1	under	under	ADP
cjrl-2328	363	2	present	present	ADJ
cjrl-2328	363	3	case	case	NOUN
cjrl-2328	363	4	law	law	NOUN
cjrl-2328	363	5	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	363	6	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	363	7	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	363	8	may	may	AUX
cjrl-2328	363	9	ask	ask	VERB
cjrl-2328	363	10	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	363	11	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	363	12	consent	consent	NOUN
cjrl-2328	363	13	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	363	14	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	363	15	search	search	VERB
cjrl-2328	363	16	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	363	17	civilian	civilian	NOUN
cjrl-2328	363	18	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	363	19	belongings	belonging	NOUN
cjrl-2328	363	20	without	without	ADP
cjrl-2328	363	21	informing	inform	VERB
cjrl-2328	363	22	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	363	23	civilian	civilian	NOUN
cjrl-2328	363	24	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	363	25	he	he	PRON
cjrl-2328	363	26	or	or	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	363	27	111	111	NUM
cjrl-2328	363	28	i	i	PROPN
cjrl-2328	363	29	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	363	30	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	363	31	1547	1547	NUM
cjrl-2328	363	32	n.	n.	NOUN
cjrl-2328	363	33	*	*	NOUN
cjrl-2328	363	34	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	364	1	112	112	NUM
cjrl-2328	365	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	365	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	365	3	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	365	4	1548	1548	NUM
cjrl-2328	365	5	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	366	1	113	113	NUM
cjrl-2328	366	2	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	366	3	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	366	4	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	366	5	1546	1546	NUM
cjrl-2328	366	6	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	367	1	114	114	NUM
cjrl-2328	368	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	368	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	368	3	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	368	4	1544	1544	NUM
cjrl-2328	368	5	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	369	1	115	115	NUM
cjrl-2328	369	2	cty	cty	PROPN
cjrl-2328	369	3	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	369	4	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	369	5	los	los	PROPN
cjrl-2328	369	6	angeles	angeles	PROPN
cjrl-2328	369	7	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	369	8	mendez	mendez	PROPN
cjrl-2328	369	9	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	369	10	137	137	NUM
cjrl-2328	369	11	s.	s.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	369	12	ct	ct	PROPN
cjrl-2328	369	13	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	369	14	1539	1539	NUM
cjrl-2328	369	15	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	369	16	1549	1549	NUM
cjrl-2328	369	17	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	369	18	2017	2017	NUM
cjrl-2328	369	19	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	369	20	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	369	21	citing	cite	VERB
cjrl-2328	369	22	brief	brief	NOUN
cjrl-2328	369	23	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	369	24	petitioner	petitioner	NOUN
cjrl-2328	369	25	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	369	26	31–32	31–32	NUM
cjrl-2328	369	27	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	369	28	cty	cty	PROPN
cjrl-2328	369	29	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	369	30	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	369	31	los	los	PROPN
cjrl-2328	369	32	angeles	angeles	PROPN
cjrl-2328	369	33	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	369	34	mendez	mendez	PROPN
cjrl-2328	369	35	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	369	36	137	137	NUM
cjrl-2328	369	37	s.	s.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	369	38	ct	ct	PROPN
cjrl-2328	369	39	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	369	40	1539	1539	NUM
cjrl-2328	369	41	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	369	42	2017	2017	NUM
cjrl-2328	369	43	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	369	44	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	369	45	no	no	INTJ
cjrl-2328	369	46	.	.	NOUN
cjrl-2328	369	47	16	16	NUM
cjrl-2328	369	48	-	-	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	369	49	369	369	NUM
cjrl-2328	369	50	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	369	51	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	369	52	2017	2017	NUM
cjrl-2328	369	53	wl	wl	NOUN
cjrl-2328	369	54	696103	696103	NUM
cjrl-2328	369	55	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	369	56	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	370	1	26	26	NUM
cjrl-2328	370	2	columbia	columbia	PROPN
cjrl-2328	370	3	journal	journal	PROPN
cjrl-2328	370	4	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	370	5	race	race	NOUN
cjrl-2328	370	6	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	370	7	law	law	NOUN
cjrl-2328	370	8	[	[	X
cjrl-2328	370	9	vol	vol	NOUN
cjrl-2328	370	10	.	.	NOUN
cjrl-2328	370	11	8:1	8:1	NUM
cjrl-2328	370	12	she	she	PRON
cjrl-2328	370	13	can	can	AUX
cjrl-2328	370	14	decline.116	decline.116	VERB
cjrl-2328	370	15	moreover	moreover	ADV
cjrl-2328	370	16	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	370	17	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	370	18	have	have	VERB
cjrl-2328	370	19	greater	great	ADJ
cjrl-2328	370	20	authority	authority	NOUN
cjrl-2328	370	21	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	370	22	stop	stop	VERB
cjrl-2328	370	23	civilians	civilian	NOUN
cjrl-2328	370	24	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	370	25	minor	minor	ADJ
cjrl-2328	370	26	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	370	27	nonthreatening	nonthreatene	VERB
cjrl-2328	370	28	legal	legal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	370	29	violations,117	violations,117	NOUN
cjrl-2328	371	1	or	or	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	371	2	even	even	ADV
cjrl-2328	371	3	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	371	4	pretextual	pretextual	ADJ
cjrl-2328	371	5	justification.118	justification.118	VERB
cjrl-2328	371	6	as	as	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	371	7	michelle	michelle	PROPN
cjrl-2328	371	8	alexander	alexander	PROPN
cjrl-2328	371	9	has	have	AUX
cjrl-2328	371	10	argued	argue	VERB
cjrl-2328	371	11	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	371	12	there	there	PRON
cjrl-2328	371	13	was	be	VERB
cjrl-2328	371	14	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	371	15	sharp	sharp	ADJ
cjrl-2328	371	16	turn	turn	NOUN
cjrl-2328	371	17	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	371	18	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	371	19	supreme	supreme	PROPN
cjrl-2328	371	20	court	court	PROPN
cjrl-2328	371	21	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	371	22	fourth	fourth	PROPN
cjrl-2328	371	23	amendment	amendment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	371	24	jurisprudence	jurisprudence	NOUN
cjrl-2328	371	25	during	during	ADP
cjrl-2328	371	26	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	371	27	war	war	NOUN
cjrl-2328	371	28	on	on	ADP
cjrl-2328	371	29	drugs	drug	NOUN
cjrl-2328	371	30	so	so	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	371	31	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	371	32	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	371	33	it	it	PRON
cjrl-2328	371	34	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	371	35	no	no	ADV
cjrl-2328	371	36	longer	long	ADV
cjrl-2328	371	37	necessary	necessary	ADJ
cjrl-2328	371	38	for	for	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	371	39	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	371	40	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	371	41	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	371	42	have	have	VERB
cjrl-2328	371	43	any	any	DET
cjrl-2328	371	44	reason	reason	NOUN
cjrl-2328	371	45	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	371	46	believe	believe	VERB
cjrl-2328	371	47	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	371	48	people	people	NOUN
cjrl-2328	371	49	are	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	371	50	engaged	engage	VERB
cjrl-2328	371	51	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	371	52	criminal	criminal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	371	53	activity	activity	NOUN
cjrl-2328	371	54	or	or	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	371	55	actually	actually	ADV
cjrl-2328	371	56	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ
cjrl-2328	371	57	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	371	58	stop	stop	VERB
cjrl-2328	371	59	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	371	60	search	search	VERB
cjrl-2328	371	61	them	they	PRON
cjrl-2328	371	62	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	371	63	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	372	1	119	119	NUM
cjrl-2328	372	2	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	372	3	as	as	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	372	4	justice	justice	PROPN
cjrl-2328	372	5	sotomayor	sotomayor	PROPN
cjrl-2328	372	6	described	describe	VERB
cjrl-2328	372	7	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	372	8	utah	utah	PROPN
cjrl-2328	372	9	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	372	10	strieff	strieff	PROPN
cjrl-2328	373	1	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	373	2	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	373	3	reality	reality	NOUN
cjrl-2328	373	4	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	373	5	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	373	6	today	today	NOUN
cjrl-2328	373	7	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	373	8	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	373	9	stop	stop	NOUN
cjrl-2328	373	10	may	may	AUX
cjrl-2328	373	11	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	373	12	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	373	13	suspicionless	suspicionless	ADJ
cjrl-2328	373	14	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	373	15	or	or	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	373	16	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	373	17	one	one	NUM
cjrl-2328	373	18	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	373	19	which	which	PRON
cjrl-2328	373	20	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	373	21	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	373	22	initiated	initiate	VERB
cjrl-2328	373	23	[	[	X
cjrl-2328	373	24	a	a	X
cjrl-2328	373	25	]	]	X
cjrl-2328	373	26	chain	chain	NOUN
cjrl-2328	373	27	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	373	28	events	event	NOUN
cjrl-2328	373	29	without	without	ADP
cjrl-2328	373	30	justification	justification	NOUN
cjrl-2328	373	31	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	374	1	”120	”120	PROPN
cjrl-2328	374	2	as	as	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	374	3	professor	professor	PROPN
cjrl-2328	374	4	devon	devon	PROPN
cjrl-2328	374	5	carbado	carbado	PROPN
cjrl-2328	374	6	explains	explain	VERB
cjrl-2328	374	7	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	374	8	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	374	9	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	374	10	ordinary	ordinary	ADJ
cjrl-2328	374	11	traffic	traffic	NOUN
cjrl-2328	374	12	stop	stop	NOUN
cjrl-2328	374	13	can	can	AUX
cjrl-2328	374	14	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	374	15	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	374	16	gateway	gateway	NOUN
cjrl-2328	374	17	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	374	18	extraordinary	extraordinary	ADJ
cjrl-2328	374	19	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	374	20	violence	violence	NOUN
cjrl-2328	374	21	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	374	22	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	374	23	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	374	24	fourth	fourth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	374	25	amendment	amendment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	374	26	law	law	NOUN
cjrl-2328	374	27	help[s	help[s	PROPN
cjrl-2328	374	28	]	]	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	374	29	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	374	30	stage	stage	VERB
cjrl-2328	374	31	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	374	32	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	374	33	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	374	34	ordinary	ordinary	ADJ
cjrl-2328	374	35	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	374	36	interaction	interaction	NOUN
cjrl-2328	374	37	whose	whose	DET
cjrl-2328	374	38	life	life	NOUN
cjrl-2328	374	39	-	-	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	374	40	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	374	41	-	-	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	374	42	death	death	NOUN
cjrl-2328	374	43	boundaries	boundary	NOUN
cjrl-2328	374	44	fourth	fourth	PROPN
cjrl-2328	374	45	amendment	amendment	PROPN
cjrl-2328	374	46	law	law	NOUN
cjrl-2328	374	47	helps	help	VERB
cjrl-2328	374	48	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	374	49	produce	produce	VERB
cjrl-2328	374	50	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	374	51	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	375	1	121	121	NUM
cjrl-2328	375	2	terry	terry	NOUN
cjrl-2328	375	3	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	375	4	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	375	5	basis	basis	NOUN
cjrl-2328	375	6	for	for	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	375	7	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	375	8	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	375	9	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	375	10	initiate	initiate	VERB
cjrl-2328	375	11	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	375	12	chain	chain	NOUN
cjrl-2328	375	13	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	375	14	events	event	NOUN
cjrl-2328	375	15	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	375	16	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	375	17	some	some	PRON
cjrl-2328	375	18	may	may	AUX
cjrl-2328	375	19	end	end	VERB
cjrl-2328	375	20	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	375	21	lethal	lethal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	375	22	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	375	23	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	376	1	with	with	ADP
cjrl-2328	376	2	increased	increase	VERB
cjrl-2328	376	3	authority	authority	NOUN
cjrl-2328	376	4	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	376	5	stop	stop	VERB
cjrl-2328	376	6	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	376	7	seize	seize	VERB
cjrl-2328	376	8	comes	come	VERB
cjrl-2328	376	9	new	new	ADJ
cjrl-2328	376	10	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN
cjrl-2328	376	11	for	for	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	376	12	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	376	13	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	376	14	to	to	AUX
cjrl-2328	376	15	both	both	PRON
cjrl-2328	376	16	assert	assert	VERB
cjrl-2328	376	17	power	power	NOUN
cjrl-2328	376	18	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	376	19	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	376	20	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	376	21	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	377	1	one	one	PRON
cjrl-2328	377	2	might	might	AUX
cjrl-2328	377	3	question	question	VERB
cjrl-2328	377	4	how	how	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	377	5	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	377	6	increased	increased	ADJ
cjrl-2328	377	7	authority	authority	NOUN
cjrl-2328	377	8	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	377	9	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	377	10	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	377	11	initiate	initiate	VERB
cjrl-2328	377	12	encounters	encounter	NOUN
cjrl-2328	377	13	impacts	impact	VERB
cjrl-2328	377	14	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	377	15	’	'	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	377	16	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cjrl-2328	377	17	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	377	18	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	377	19	events	event	NOUN
cjrl-2328	377	20	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	377	21	follow	follow	VERB
cjrl-2328	377	22	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	378	1	civilians	civilian	NOUN
cjrl-2328	378	2	are	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	378	3	generally	generally	ADV
cjrl-2328	378	4	expected	expect	VERB
cjrl-2328	378	5	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	378	6	116	116	NUM
cjrl-2328	378	7	see	see	VERB
cjrl-2328	378	8	florida	florida	PROPN
cjrl-2328	378	9	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	378	10	bostick	bostick	PROPN
cjrl-2328	378	11	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	378	12	501	501	NUM
cjrl-2328	378	13	u.s	u.s	PROPN
cjrl-2328	378	14	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	378	15	429	429	NUM
cjrl-2328	378	16	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	378	17	438	438	NUM
cjrl-2328	378	18	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	378	19	1991	1991	NUM
cjrl-2328	378	20	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	378	21	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	379	1	117	117	NUM
cjrl-2328	379	2	devenpeck	devenpeck	NOUN
cjrl-2328	379	3	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	379	4	alford	alford	NOUN
cjrl-2328	379	5	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	379	6	543	543	NUM
cjrl-2328	379	7	u.s	u.s	PROPN
cjrl-2328	379	8	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	379	9	146	146	NUM
cjrl-2328	379	10	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	379	11	154–55	154–55	NUM
cjrl-2328	379	12	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	379	13	2004	2004	NUM
cjrl-2328	379	14	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	379	15	;	;	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	379	16	heien	heien	NOUN
cjrl-2328	379	17	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	379	18	north	north	PROPN
cjrl-2328	379	19	carolina	carolina	PROPN
cjrl-2328	379	20	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	379	21	135	135	NUM
cjrl-2328	379	22	s.	s.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	379	23	ct	ct	PROPN
cjrl-2328	379	24	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	379	25	530	530	NUM
cjrl-2328	379	26	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	379	27	2014	2014	NUM
cjrl-2328	379	28	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	379	29	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	380	1	118	118	NUM
cjrl-2328	380	2	see	see	VERB
cjrl-2328	380	3	whren	whren	PROPN
cjrl-2328	380	4	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	380	5	united	united	PROPN
cjrl-2328	380	6	states	states	PROPN
cjrl-2328	380	7	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	380	8	517	517	NUM
cjrl-2328	380	9	u.s	u.s	PROPN
cjrl-2328	380	10	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	380	11	806	806	NUM
cjrl-2328	380	12	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	380	13	1996	1996	NUM
cjrl-2328	380	14	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	380	15	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	380	16	holding	hold	VERB
cjrl-2328	380	17	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	380	18	when	when	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	380	19	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	380	20	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	380	21	have	have	VERB
cjrl-2328	380	22	probable	probable	ADJ
cjrl-2328	380	23	cause	cause	NOUN
cjrl-2328	380	24	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	380	25	stop	stop	VERB
cjrl-2328	380	26	vehicles	vehicle	NOUN
cjrl-2328	380	27	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	380	28	traffic	traffic	NOUN
cjrl-2328	380	29	infractions	infraction	NOUN
cjrl-2328	380	30	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	380	31	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	380	32	pretextual	pretextual	ADJ
cjrl-2328	380	33	reason	reason	NOUN
cjrl-2328	380	34	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	380	35	conducting	conduct	VERB
cjrl-2328	380	36	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	380	37	stop	stop	NOUN
cjrl-2328	380	38	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	380	39	irrelevant	irrelevant	ADJ
cjrl-2328	380	40	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	380	41	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	381	1	119	119	NUM
cjrl-2328	381	2	michelle	michelle	PROPN
cjrl-2328	381	3	alexander	alexander	PROPN
cjrl-2328	381	4	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	381	5	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	381	6	new	new	ADJ
cjrl-2328	381	7	jim	jim	PROPN
cjrl-2328	381	8	crow	crow	PROPN
cjrl-2328	381	9	64	64	NUM
cjrl-2328	381	10	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	381	11	2010	2010	NUM
cjrl-2328	381	12	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	381	13	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	382	1	see	see	VERB
cjrl-2328	382	2	james	james	PROPN
cjrl-2328	382	3	forman	forman	PROPN
cjrl-2328	382	4	jr	jr	PROPN
cjrl-2328	382	5	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	382	6	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	382	7	locking	lock	VERB
cjrl-2328	382	8	up	up	ADP
cjrl-2328	382	9	our	our	PRON
cjrl-2328	382	10	own	own	ADJ
cjrl-2328	382	11	194–201	194–201	NUM
cjrl-2328	382	12	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	382	13	2017	2017	NUM
cjrl-2328	382	14	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	382	15	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	382	16	describing	describe	VERB
cjrl-2328	382	17	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	382	18	increased	increase	VERB
cjrl-2328	382	19	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	382	20	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	382	21	pre	pre	ADJ
cjrl-2328	382	22	-	-	ADJ
cjrl-2328	382	23	text	text	ADJ
cjrl-2328	382	24	stops	stop	NOUN
cjrl-2328	382	25	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	382	26	washington	washington	PROPN
cjrl-2328	382	27	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	382	28	dc	dc	PROPN
cjrl-2328	382	29	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	382	30	black	black	ADJ
cjrl-2328	382	31	neighborhoods	neighborhood	NOUN
cjrl-2328	382	32	under	under	ADP
cjrl-2328	382	33	eric	eric	PROPN
cjrl-2328	382	34	h.	h.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	382	35	holder	holder	PROPN
cjrl-2328	382	36	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	382	37	;	;	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	382	38	united	united	PROPN
cjrl-2328	382	39	states	states	PROPN
cjrl-2328	382	40	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	382	41	hill	hill	PROPN
cjrl-2328	382	42	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	382	43	852	852	NUM
cjrl-2328	382	44	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	382	45	377	377	NUM
cjrl-2328	382	46	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	382	47	385	385	NUM
cjrl-2328	382	48	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	382	49	4th	4th	ADJ
cjrl-2328	382	50	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	382	51	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	382	52	2017	2017	NUM
cjrl-2328	382	53	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	382	54	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	382	55	davis	davis	PROPN
cjrl-2328	382	56	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	382	57	j.	j.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	382	58	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	382	59	dissenting	dissent	VERB
cjrl-2328	382	60	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	382	61	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	382	62	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	382	63	[	[	X
cjrl-2328	382	64	t]the	t]the	PRON
cjrl-2328	382	65	ill	ill	ADV
cjrl-2328	382	66	-	-	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	382	67	fated	fate	VERB
cjrl-2328	382	68	‘	'	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	382	69	war	war	NOUN
cjrl-2328	382	70	on	on	ADP
cjrl-2328	382	71	drugs	drug	NOUN
cjrl-2328	382	72	’	'	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	382	73	has	have	VERB
cjrl-2328	382	74	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	382	75	sometimes	sometimes	ADV
cjrl-2328	382	76	overlooked	overlook	VERB
cjrl-2328	382	77	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	382	78	unmentioned	unmentioned	ADJ
cjrl-2328	382	79	casualty	casualty	NOUN
cjrl-2328	382	80	:	:	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	382	81	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	382	82	fourth	fourth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	382	83	amendment	amendment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	382	84	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	382	85	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	382	86	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	382	87	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	383	1	120	120	NUM
cjrl-2328	383	2	utah	utah	PROPN
cjrl-2328	383	3	v.	v.	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	383	4	strieff	strieff	PROPN
cjrl-2328	383	5	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	383	6	136	136	NUM
cjrl-2328	383	7	s.	s.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	383	8	ct	ct	PROPN
cjrl-2328	383	9	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	383	10	2056	2056	NUM
cjrl-2328	383	11	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	383	12	2070–71	2070–71	NOUN
cjrl-2328	383	13	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	383	14	2016	2016	NUM
cjrl-2328	383	15	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	383	16	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	383	17	sotomayor	sotomayor	PROPN
cjrl-2328	383	18	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	383	19	j.	j.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	383	20	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	383	21	dissenting	dissent	VERB
cjrl-2328	383	22	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	383	23	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	384	1	121	121	NUM
cjrl-2328	384	2	see	see	VERB
cjrl-2328	384	3	devon	devon	PROPN
cjrl-2328	384	4	w.	w.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	384	5	carbado	carbado	PROPN
cjrl-2328	384	6	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	384	7	from	from	ADP
cjrl-2328	384	8	stopping	stop	VERB
cjrl-2328	384	9	black	black	ADJ
cjrl-2328	384	10	people	people	NOUN
cjrl-2328	384	11	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	384	12	killing	kill	VERB
cjrl-2328	384	13	black	black	ADJ
cjrl-2328	384	14	people	people	NOUN
cjrl-2328	384	15	:	:	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	384	16	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	384	17	fourth	fourth	PROPN
cjrl-2328	384	18	amendment	amendment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	384	19	pathways	pathway	NOUN
cjrl-2328	384	20	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	384	21	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	384	22	violence	violence	NOUN
cjrl-2328	384	23	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	384	24	105	105	NUM
cjrl-2328	384	25	cal	cal	NOUN
cjrl-2328	384	26	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	385	1	l.	l.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	385	2	rev	rev	PROPN
cjrl-2328	385	3	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	385	4	125	125	NUM
cjrl-2328	385	5	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	385	6	150	150	NUM
cjrl-2328	385	7	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	385	8	164	164	NUM
cjrl-2328	385	9	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	385	10	2017	2017	NUM
cjrl-2328	385	11	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	385	12	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	386	1	no	no	INTJ
cjrl-2328	386	2	.	.	NOUN
cjrl-2328	386	3	1:1	1:1	NUM
cjrl-2328	386	4	]	]	X
cjrl-2328	386	5	dismantling	dismantle	VERB
cjrl-2328	386	6	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	386	7	trap	trap	NOUN
cjrl-2328	386	8	27	27	NUM
cjrl-2328	386	9	acquiesce	acquiesce	ADV
cjrl-2328	386	10	when	when	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	386	11	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	386	12	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	386	13	assert	assert	VERB
cjrl-2328	386	14	authority	authority	NOUN
cjrl-2328	386	15	or	or	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	386	16	exert	exert	VERB
cjrl-2328	386	17	physical	physical	ADJ
cjrl-2328	386	18	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	386	19	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	386	20	order	order	NOUN
cjrl-2328	386	21	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	386	22	enforce	enforce	VERB
cjrl-2328	386	23	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	386	24	lawful	lawful	ADJ
cjrl-2328	386	25	action	action	NOUN
cjrl-2328	386	26	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	387	1	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	387	2	right	right	NOUN
cjrl-2328	387	3	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	387	4	make	make	VERB
cjrl-2328	387	5	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	387	6	investigatory	investigatory	NOUN
cjrl-2328	387	7	stop	stop	NOUN
cjrl-2328	387	8	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	387	9	arrest	arrest	NOUN
cjrl-2328	387	10	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	387	11	or	or	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	387	12	other	other	ADJ
cjrl-2328	387	13	seizure	seizure	NOUN
cjrl-2328	387	14	encompasses	encompass	VERB
cjrl-2328	387	15	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	387	16	right	right	NOUN
cjrl-2328	387	17	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	387	18	use	use	VERB
cjrl-2328	387	19	some	some	DET
cjrl-2328	387	20	degree	degree	NOUN
cjrl-2328	387	21	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	387	22	physical	physical	ADJ
cjrl-2328	387	23	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	387	24	or	or	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	387	25	other	other	ADJ
cjrl-2328	387	26	demonstration	demonstration	NOUN
cjrl-2328	387	27	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	387	28	power	power	NOUN
cjrl-2328	387	29	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	387	30	effect	effect	VERB
cjrl-2328	387	31	it.122	it.122	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	388	1	but	but	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	388	2	when	when	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	388	3	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	388	4	basis	basis	NOUN
cjrl-2328	388	5	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	388	6	this	this	DET
cjrl-2328	388	7	authority	authority	NOUN
cjrl-2328	388	8	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	388	9	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	388	10	minor	minor	ADJ
cjrl-2328	388	11	traffic	traffic	NOUN
cjrl-2328	388	12	violation	violation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	388	13	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	388	14	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	388	15	latitude	latitude	NOUN
cjrl-2328	388	16	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	388	17	typically	typically	ADV
cjrl-2328	388	18	extend	extend	VERB
cjrl-2328	388	19	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	388	20	law	law	NOUN
cjrl-2328	388	21	enforcement	enforcement	NOUN
cjrl-2328	388	22	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	388	23	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	388	24	use	use	VERB
cjrl-2328	388	25	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	388	26	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	388	27	order	order	NOUN
cjrl-2328	388	28	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	388	29	neutralize	neutralize	VERB
cjrl-2328	388	30	potentially	potentially	ADV
cjrl-2328	388	31	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ
cjrl-2328	388	32	suspects	suspect	NOUN
cjrl-2328	388	33	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	388	34	undermined	undermined	ADJ
cjrl-2328	388	35	because	because	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	388	36	there	there	PRON
cjrl-2328	388	37	is	be	VERB
cjrl-2328	388	38	no	no	DET
cjrl-2328	388	39	reason	reason	NOUN
cjrl-2328	388	40	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	388	41	assume	assume	VERB
cjrl-2328	388	42	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	388	43	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	388	44	suspect	suspect	NOUN
cjrl-2328	388	45	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	388	46	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ
cjrl-2328	388	47	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	389	1	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	389	2	fact	fact	NOUN
cjrl-2328	389	3	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	389	4	castille	castille	PROPN
cjrl-2328	389	5	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	389	6	deadly	deadly	ADJ
cjrl-2328	389	7	encounter	encounter	NOUN
cjrl-2328	389	8	with	with	ADP
cjrl-2328	389	9	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	389	10	yanez	yanez	PROPN
cjrl-2328	389	11	began	begin	VERB
cjrl-2328	389	12	over	over	ADP
cjrl-2328	389	13	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	389	14	broken	broken	ADJ
cjrl-2328	389	15	brake	brake	NOUN
cjrl-2328	389	16	light	light	NOUN
cjrl-2328	389	17	outraged	outrage	VERB
cjrl-2328	389	18	many	many	ADJ
cjrl-2328	389	19	because	because	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	389	20	it	it	PRON
cjrl-2328	389	21	seemed	seem	VERB
cjrl-2328	389	22	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	389	23	violate	violate	VERB
cjrl-2328	389	24	fourth	fourth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	389	25	amendment	amendment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	389	26	values	value	NOUN
cjrl-2328	389	27	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	389	28	which	which	PRON
cjrl-2328	389	29	balance	balance	VERB
cjrl-2328	389	30	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	389	31	nature	nature	NOUN
cjrl-2328	389	32	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	389	33	quality	quality	NOUN
cjrl-2328	389	34	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	389	35	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	389	36	intrusion	intrusion	NOUN
cjrl-2328	389	37	with	with	ADP
cjrl-2328	389	38	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	389	39	countervailing	countervail	VERB
cjrl-2328	389	40	governmental	governmental	ADJ
cjrl-2328	389	41	interests	interest	NOUN
cjrl-2328	389	42	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	389	43	stake	stake	NOUN
cjrl-2328	389	44	;	;	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	389	45	while	while	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	389	46	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	389	47	violent	violent	ADJ
cjrl-2328	389	48	fleeing	flee	VERB
cjrl-2328	389	49	felon	felon	NOUN
cjrl-2328	389	50	has	have	AUX
cjrl-2328	389	51	forfeited	forfeit	VERB
cjrl-2328	389	52	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	389	53	right	right	NOUN
cjrl-2328	389	54	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	389	55	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	389	56	less	less	ADV
cjrl-2328	389	57	intrusive	intrusive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	389	58	seizure	seizure	NOUN
cjrl-2328	389	59	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	389	60	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	389	61	driver	driver	NOUN
cjrl-2328	389	62	with	with	ADP
cjrl-2328	389	63	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	389	64	broken	broken	ADJ
cjrl-2328	389	65	brake	brake	NOUN
cjrl-2328	389	66	light	light	NOUN
cjrl-2328	389	67	has	have	VERB
cjrl-2328	389	68	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	389	69	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	390	1	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	390	2	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	390	3	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	390	4	precipitated	precipitate	VERB
cjrl-2328	390	5	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	390	6	seizure	seizure	NOUN
cjrl-2328	390	7	matters	matter	NOUN
cjrl-2328	390	8	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	390	9	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	390	10	just	just	ADV
cjrl-2328	390	11	as	as	ADP
cjrl-2328	390	12	context	context	NOUN
cjrl-2328	390	13	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	390	14	understanding	understand	VERB
cjrl-2328	390	15	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	390	16	seizure	seizure	NOUN
cjrl-2328	390	17	as	as	ADP
cjrl-2328	390	18	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	390	19	isolated	isolated	ADJ
cjrl-2328	390	20	segment	segment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	390	21	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	390	22	but	but	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	390	23	as	as	ADP
cjrl-2328	390	24	context	context	NOUN
cjrl-2328	390	25	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	390	26	understanding	understand	VERB
cjrl-2328	390	27	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	390	28	entire	entire	ADJ
cjrl-2328	390	29	chain	chain	NOUN
cjrl-2328	390	30	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	390	31	events	event	NOUN
cjrl-2328	390	32	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	391	1	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	391	2	case	case	NOUN
cjrl-2328	391	3	estate	estate	NOUN
cjrl-2328	391	4	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	391	5	starks	stark	NOUN
cjrl-2328	391	6	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	391	7	enyart123	enyart123	PROPN
cjrl-2328	391	8	also	also	ADV
cjrl-2328	391	9	illustrates	illustrate	VERB
cjrl-2328	391	10	this	this	DET
cjrl-2328	391	11	point	point	NOUN
cjrl-2328	391	12	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	392	1	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	392	2	seventh	seventh	ADJ
cjrl-2328	392	3	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cjrl-2328	392	4	panel	panel	NOUN
cjrl-2328	392	5	reviewing	review	VERB
cjrl-2328	392	6	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	392	7	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	392	8	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	392	9	lethal	lethal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	392	10	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	392	11	found	find	VERB
cjrl-2328	392	12	it	it	PRON
cjrl-2328	392	13	relevant	relevant	ADJ
cjrl-2328	392	14	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	392	15	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	392	16	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cjrl-2328	392	17	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	392	18	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	392	19	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	392	20	knew	know	VERB
cjrl-2328	392	21	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	392	22	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	392	23	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	392	24	underlying	underlie	VERB
cjrl-2328	392	25	crime	crime	NOUN
cjrl-2328	392	26	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	392	27	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	392	28	accomplished	accomplish	VERB
cjrl-2328	392	29	violently	violently	ADV
cjrl-2328	392	30	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	392	31	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	393	1	124	124	NUM
cjrl-2328	393	2	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	393	3	court	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	393	4	observed	observe	VERB
cjrl-2328	393	5	:	:	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	393	6	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	393	7	if	if	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	393	8	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	393	9	fleeing	flee	VERB
cjrl-2328	393	10	felon	felon	NOUN
cjrl-2328	393	11	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	393	12	converted	convert	VERB
cjrl-2328	393	13	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	393	14	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	393	15	‘	'	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	393	16	threatening	threatening	ADJ
cjrl-2328	393	17	’	'	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	393	18	fleeing	flee	VERB
cjrl-2328	393	19	felon	felon	NOUN
cjrl-2328	393	20	solely	solely	ADV
cjrl-2328	393	21	based	base	VERB
cjrl-2328	393	22	on	on	ADP
cjrl-2328	393	23	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	393	24	actions	action	NOUN
cjrl-2328	393	25	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	393	26	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	393	27	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	393	28	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	393	29	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	393	30	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	393	31	basic	basic	ADJ
cjrl-2328	393	32	fourth	fourth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	393	33	amendment	amendment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	393	34	tenets	tenet	NOUN
cjrl-2328	393	35	would	would	AUX
cjrl-2328	393	36	become	become	VERB
cjrl-2328	393	37	meaningless.125	meaningless.125	NOUN
cjrl-2328	393	38	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	393	39	severity	severity	NOUN
cjrl-2328	393	40	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	393	41	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	393	42	crime	crime	NOUN
cjrl-2328	393	43	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	393	44	issue	issue	NOUN
cjrl-2328	393	45	must	must	AUX
cjrl-2328	393	46	inform	inform	VERB
cjrl-2328	393	47	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	393	48	causation	causation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	393	49	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cjrl-2328	393	50	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	394	1	first	first	ADV
cjrl-2328	394	2	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	394	3	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	394	4	severity	severity	NOUN
cjrl-2328	394	5	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	394	6	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	394	7	crime	crime	NOUN
cjrl-2328	394	8	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	394	9	critical	critical	ADJ
cjrl-2328	394	10	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	394	11	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	394	12	evaluation	evaluation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	394	13	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	394	14	aggression	aggression	NOUN
cjrl-2328	394	15	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	395	1	while	while	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	395	2	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	395	3	more	more	ADV
cjrl-2328	395	4	aggressive	aggressive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	395	5	tactic	tactic	NOUN
cjrl-2328	395	6	may	may	AUX
cjrl-2328	395	7	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	395	8	warranted	warrant	VERB
cjrl-2328	395	9	initially	initially	ADV
cjrl-2328	395	10	when	when	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	395	11	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	395	12	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	395	13	are	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	395	14	chasing	chase	VERB
cjrl-2328	395	15	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	395	16	murder	murder	NOUN
cjrl-2328	395	17	suspect	suspect	NOUN
cjrl-2328	395	18	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	395	19	there	there	PRON
cjrl-2328	395	20	is	be	VERB
cjrl-2328	395	21	no	no	DET
cjrl-2328	395	22	justification	justification	NOUN
cjrl-2328	395	23	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	395	24	undertaking	undertake	VERB
cjrl-2328	395	25	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	395	26	122	122	NUM
cjrl-2328	395	27	see	see	NOUN
cjrl-2328	395	28	terry	terry	PROPN
cjrl-2328	395	29	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	395	30	ohio	ohio	PROPN
cjrl-2328	395	31	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	395	32	392	392	NUM
cjrl-2328	395	33	u.s	u.s	PROPN
cjrl-2328	395	34	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	395	35	1	1	NUM
cjrl-2328	395	36	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	395	37	22–27	22–27	NUM
cjrl-2328	395	38	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	395	39	1968	1968	NUM
cjrl-2328	395	40	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	395	41	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	396	1	123	123	NUM
cjrl-2328	396	2	estate	estate	NOUN
cjrl-2328	396	3	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	396	4	starks	stark	NOUN
cjrl-2328	396	5	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	396	6	enyart	enyart	NOUN
cjrl-2328	396	7	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	396	8	5	5	NUM
cjrl-2328	396	9	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	396	10	230	230	NUM
cjrl-2328	396	11	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	396	12	1993	1993	NUM
cjrl-2328	396	13	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	396	14	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	397	1	124	124	NUM
cjrl-2328	398	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	398	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	398	3	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	398	4	233	233	NUM
cjrl-2328	398	5	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	399	1	125	125	NUM
cjrl-2328	399	2	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	399	3	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	399	4	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	399	5	234	234	NUM
cjrl-2328	399	6	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	399	7	28	28	NUM
cjrl-2328	399	8	columbia	columbia	PROPN
cjrl-2328	399	9	journal	journal	PROPN
cjrl-2328	399	10	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	399	11	race	race	NOUN
cjrl-2328	399	12	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	399	13	law	law	NOUN
cjrl-2328	400	1	[	[	X
cjrl-2328	400	2	vol	vol	NOUN
cjrl-2328	400	3	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	400	4	8:1	8:1	NUM
cjrl-2328	400	5	aggressive	aggressive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	400	6	approach	approach	NOUN
cjrl-2328	400	7	initially	initially	ADV
cjrl-2328	400	8	when	when	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	400	9	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	400	10	individual	individual	NOUN
cjrl-2328	400	11	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	400	12	merely	merely	ADV
cjrl-2328	400	13	suspected	suspect	VERB
cjrl-2328	400	14	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	400	15	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	400	16	minor	minor	ADJ
cjrl-2328	400	17	traffic	traffic	NOUN
cjrl-2328	400	18	violation	violation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	400	19	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	401	1	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	401	2	crime	crime	NOUN
cjrl-2328	401	3	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	401	4	issue	issue	NOUN
cjrl-2328	401	5	also	also	ADV
cjrl-2328	401	6	matters	matter	VERB
cjrl-2328	401	7	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	401	8	understanding	understand	VERB
cjrl-2328	401	9	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	401	10	civilian	civilian	NOUN
cjrl-2328	401	11	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	401	12	response	response	NOUN
cjrl-2328	401	13	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	401	14	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	401	15	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	401	16	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	401	17	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	401	18	because	because	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	401	19	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	401	20	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	401	21	civilian	civilian	NOUN
cjrl-2328	401	22	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	401	23	interest	interest	NOUN
cjrl-2328	401	24	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	401	25	remaining	remain	VERB
cjrl-2328	401	26	free	free	ADJ
cjrl-2328	401	27	from	from	ADP
cjrl-2328	401	28	state	state	NOUN
cjrl-2328	401	29	-	-	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	401	30	sponsored	sponsor	VERB
cjrl-2328	401	31	violence	violence	NOUN
cjrl-2328	401	32	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	402	1	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	402	2	must	must	AUX
cjrl-2328	402	3	evaluate	evaluate	VERB
cjrl-2328	402	4	how	how	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	402	5	civilians	civilian	NOUN
cjrl-2328	402	6	will	will	AUX
cjrl-2328	402	7	predictably	predictably	ADV
cjrl-2328	402	8	respond	respond	VERB
cjrl-2328	402	9	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	402	10	aggressive	aggressive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	402	11	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	402	12	tactics	tactic	NOUN
cjrl-2328	402	13	considering	consider	VERB
cjrl-2328	402	14	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	402	15	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	402	16	civilian	civilian	NOUN
cjrl-2328	402	17	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	402	18	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	402	19	suspected	suspect	VERB
cjrl-2328	402	20	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	402	21	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ
cjrl-2328	402	22	or	or	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	402	23	threatening	threatening	ADJ
cjrl-2328	402	24	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	402	25	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	403	1	aggressive	aggressive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	403	2	displays	display	NOUN
cjrl-2328	403	3	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	403	4	power	power	NOUN
cjrl-2328	403	5	under	under	ADP
cjrl-2328	403	6	these	these	DET
cjrl-2328	403	7	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	403	8	are	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	403	9	almost	almost	ADV
cjrl-2328	403	10	always	always	ADV
cjrl-2328	403	11	experienced	experience	VERB
cjrl-2328	403	12	as	as	ADV
cjrl-2328	403	13	disproportionate	disproportionate	ADJ
cjrl-2328	403	14	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	403	15	threatening	threatening	ADJ
cjrl-2328	403	16	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	404	1	thus	thus	ADV
cjrl-2328	404	2	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	404	3	understanding	understand	VERB
cjrl-2328	404	4	whether	whether	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	404	5	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	404	6	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	404	7	predictably	predictably	ADV
cjrl-2328	404	8	created	create	VERB
cjrl-2328	404	9	legitimate	legitimate	ADJ
cjrl-2328	404	10	resistance	resistance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	404	11	by	by	ADP
cjrl-2328	404	12	employing	employ	VERB
cjrl-2328	404	13	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	404	14	overly	overly	ADV
cjrl-2328	404	15	aggressive	aggressive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	404	16	tactic	tactic	NOUN
cjrl-2328	404	17	requires	require	VERB
cjrl-2328	404	18	consideration	consideration	NOUN
cjrl-2328	404	19	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	404	20	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	404	21	crime	crime	NOUN
cjrl-2328	404	22	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	404	23	issue	issue	NOUN
cjrl-2328	404	24	from	from	ADP
cjrl-2328	404	25	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	404	26	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	404	27	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	404	28	perspective	perspective	NOUN
cjrl-2328	404	29	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	405	1	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	405	2	reality	reality	NOUN
cjrl-2328	405	3	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	405	4	traffic	traffic	NOUN
cjrl-2328	405	5	or	or	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	405	6	other	other	ADJ
cjrl-2328	405	7	minor	minor	ADJ
cjrl-2328	405	8	violations	violation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	405	9	can	can	AUX
cjrl-2328	405	10	provide	provide	VERB
cjrl-2328	405	11	legal	legal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	405	12	sanction	sanction	NOUN
cjrl-2328	405	13	for	for	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	405	14	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	405	15	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	405	16	initiate	initiate	VERB
cjrl-2328	405	17	severe	severe	ADJ
cjrl-2328	405	18	intrusions	intrusion	NOUN
cjrl-2328	405	19	feeds	feed	VERB
cjrl-2328	405	20	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	405	21	feeling	feeling	NOUN
cjrl-2328	405	22	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	405	23	any	any	DET
cjrl-2328	405	24	slight	slight	ADJ
cjrl-2328	405	25	violation	violation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	405	26	could	could	AUX
cjrl-2328	405	27	provide	provide	VERB
cjrl-2328	405	28	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	405	29	basis	basis	NOUN
cjrl-2328	405	30	for	for	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	405	31	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	405	32	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	405	33	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	405	34	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	405	35	enact	enact	VERB
cjrl-2328	405	36	discrimination	discrimination	NOUN
cjrl-2328	405	37	based	base	VERB
cjrl-2328	405	38	upon	upon	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	405	39	race	race	NOUN
cjrl-2328	405	40	under	under	ADP
cjrl-2328	405	41	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	405	42	guise	guise	NOUN
cjrl-2328	405	43	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	405	44	legitimate	legitimate	ADJ
cjrl-2328	405	45	punishment	punishment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	405	46	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	406	1	126	126	NUM
cjrl-2328	406	2	as	as	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	406	3	described	describe	VERB
cjrl-2328	406	4	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	406	5	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	406	6	quote	quote	NOUN
cjrl-2328	406	7	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	406	8	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	406	9	outset	outset	NOUN
cjrl-2328	406	10	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	406	11	some	some	DET
cjrl-2328	406	12	african	african	ADJ
cjrl-2328	406	13	americans	americans	PROPN
cjrl-2328	406	14	may	may	AUX
cjrl-2328	406	15	comply	comply	VERB
cjrl-2328	406	16	with	with	ADP
cjrl-2328	406	17	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	406	18	authority	authority	NOUN
cjrl-2328	406	19	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	406	20	because	because	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	406	21	they	they	PRON
cjrl-2328	406	22	view	view	VERB
cjrl-2328	406	23	it	it	PRON
cjrl-2328	406	24	as	as	ADV
cjrl-2328	406	25	legitimate	legitimate	ADJ
cjrl-2328	406	26	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	406	27	but	but	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	406	28	because	because	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	406	29	they	they	PRON
cjrl-2328	406	30	feel	feel	VERB
cjrl-2328	406	31	unfairly	unfairly	ADV
cjrl-2328	406	32	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	406	33	trapped	trap	VERB
cjrl-2328	406	34	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	406	35	by	by	ADP
cjrl-2328	406	36	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	406	37	who	who	PRON
cjrl-2328	406	38	rely	rely	VERB
cjrl-2328	406	39	on	on	ADP
cjrl-2328	406	40	increased	increase	VERB
cjrl-2328	406	41	authority	authority	NOUN
cjrl-2328	406	42	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	406	43	initiate	initiate	VERB
cjrl-2328	406	44	encounters	encounter	NOUN
cjrl-2328	406	45	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	406	46	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	406	47	then	then	ADV
cjrl-2328	406	48	seek	seek	VERB
cjrl-2328	406	49	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	406	50	provoke	provoke	VERB
cjrl-2328	406	51	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	406	52	reaction	reaction	NOUN
cjrl-2328	406	53	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	406	54	may	may	AUX
cjrl-2328	406	55	provide	provide	VERB
cjrl-2328	406	56	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	406	57	basis	basis	NOUN
cjrl-2328	406	58	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	406	59	punishment	punishment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	406	60	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	407	1	this	this	DET
cjrl-2328	407	2	feeling	feeling	NOUN
cjrl-2328	407	3	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	407	4	being	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	407	5	trapped	trap	VERB
cjrl-2328	407	6	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	407	7	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	407	8	merely	merely	ADV
cjrl-2328	407	9	imagined	imagine	VERB
cjrl-2328	407	10	;	;	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	407	11	as	as	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	407	12	this	this	DET
cjrl-2328	407	13	article	article	NOUN
cjrl-2328	407	14	has	have	AUX
cjrl-2328	407	15	described	describe	VERB
cjrl-2328	407	16	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	407	17	some	some	DET
cjrl-2328	407	18	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	407	19	continue	continue	VERB
cjrl-2328	407	20	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	407	21	conduct	conduct	VERB
cjrl-2328	407	22	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	407	23	totality	totality	NOUN
cjrl-2328	407	24	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	407	25	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	407	26	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	407	27	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cjrl-2328	407	28	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	407	29	excessive	excessive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	407	30	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	407	31	cases	case	NOUN
cjrl-2328	407	32	without	without	ADP
cjrl-2328	407	33	even	even	ADV
cjrl-2328	407	34	considering	consider	VERB
cjrl-2328	407	35	how	how	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	407	36	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	407	37	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	407	38	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	407	39	may	may	AUX
cjrl-2328	407	40	have	have	AUX
cjrl-2328	407	41	contributed	contribute	VERB
cjrl-2328	407	42	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	407	43	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	407	44	justification	justification	NOUN
cjrl-2328	407	45	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	407	46	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	407	47	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	407	48	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	407	49	need	need	NOUN
cjrl-2328	407	50	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	407	51	use	use	VERB
cjrl-2328	407	52	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	407	53	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	407	54	much	much	ADV
cjrl-2328	407	55	less	less	ADV
cjrl-2328	407	56	holding	hold	VERB
cjrl-2328	407	57	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	407	58	accountable	accountable	ADJ
cjrl-2328	407	59	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	408	1	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	408	2	course	course	NOUN
cjrl-2328	408	3	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	408	4	there	there	PRON
cjrl-2328	408	5	is	be	VERB
cjrl-2328	408	6	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	408	7	risk	risk	NOUN
cjrl-2328	408	8	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	408	9	causation	causation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	408	10	will	will	AUX
cjrl-2328	408	11	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	408	12	more	more	ADV
cjrl-2328	408	13	clearly	clearly	ADV
cjrl-2328	408	14	understood	understand	VERB
cjrl-2328	408	15	with	with	ADP
cjrl-2328	408	16	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	408	17	benefit	benefit	NOUN
cjrl-2328	408	18	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	408	19	hindsight	hindsight	ADJ
cjrl-2328	408	20	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	408	21	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	408	22	ought	ought	AUX
cjrl-2328	408	23	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	408	24	impose	impose	VERB
cjrl-2328	408	25	rules	rule	NOUN
cjrl-2328	408	26	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	408	27	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	408	28	undercut	undercut	VERB
cjrl-2328	408	29	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	408	30	necessary	necessary	ADJ
cjrl-2328	408	31	element	element	NOUN
cjrl-2328	408	32	126	126	NUM
cjrl-2328	408	33	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	408	34	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	408	35	account	account	NOUN
cjrl-2328	408	36	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	408	37	how	how	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	408	38	overreliance	overreliance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	408	39	on	on	ADP
cjrl-2328	408	40	aggressive	aggressive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	408	41	assertions	assertion	NOUN
cjrl-2328	408	42	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	408	43	authority	authority	NOUN
cjrl-2328	408	44	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	408	45	inevitably	inevitably	ADV
cjrl-2328	408	46	engenders	engender	VERB
cjrl-2328	408	47	individual	individual	ADJ
cjrl-2328	408	48	-	-	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	408	49	level	level	NOUN
cjrl-2328	408	50	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	408	51	community	community	NOUN
cjrl-2328	408	52	-	-	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	408	53	wide	wide	ADJ
cjrl-2328	408	54	pushback	pushback	NOUN
cjrl-2328	408	55	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	408	56	resistance	resistance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	408	57	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	408	58	can	can	AUX
cjrl-2328	408	59	escalate	escalate	VERB
cjrl-2328	408	60	into	into	ADP
cjrl-2328	408	61	violence	violence	NOUN
cjrl-2328	408	62	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	408	63	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	408	64	see	see	VERB
cjrl-2328	408	65	devon	devon	PROPN
cjrl-2328	408	66	w.	w.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	408	67	carbado	carbado	PROPN
cjrl-2328	408	68	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	408	69	blue	blue	ADJ
cjrl-2328	408	70	-	-	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	408	71	on	on	ADP
cjrl-2328	408	72	-	-	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	408	73	black	black	ADJ
cjrl-2328	408	74	violence	violence	NOUN
cjrl-2328	408	75	:	:	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	408	76	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	408	77	provisional	provisional	ADJ
cjrl-2328	408	78	model	model	NOUN
cjrl-2328	408	79	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	408	80	some	some	PRON
cjrl-2328	408	81	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	408	82	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	408	83	causes	cause	NOUN
cjrl-2328	408	84	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	409	1	104	104	NUM
cjrl-2328	409	2	geo	geo	PROPN
cjrl-2328	409	3	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	409	4	l.j	l.j	PROPN
cjrl-2328	409	5	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	409	6	1479	1479	NUM
cjrl-2328	409	7	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	409	8	2016	2016	NUM
cjrl-2328	409	9	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	409	10	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	410	1	no	no	INTJ
cjrl-2328	410	2	.	.	NOUN
cjrl-2328	410	3	1:1	1:1	NUM
cjrl-2328	410	4	]	]	X
cjrl-2328	410	5	dismantling	dismantle	VERB
cjrl-2328	410	6	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	410	7	trap	trap	NOUN
cjrl-2328	410	8	29	29	NUM
cjrl-2328	410	9	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	410	10	judgment	judgment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	410	11	inherent	inherent	ADJ
cjrl-2328	410	12	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	410	13	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	410	14	constable	constable	NOUN
cjrl-2328	410	15	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	410	16	attempts	attempt	NOUN
cjrl-2328	410	17	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	410	18	control	control	VERB
cjrl-2328	410	19	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	410	20	volatile	volatile	ADJ
cjrl-2328	410	21	chain	chain	NOUN
cjrl-2328	410	22	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	410	23	events	event	NOUN
cjrl-2328	410	24	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	410	25	”127	”127	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	411	1	but	but	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	411	2	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	411	3	causation	causation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	411	4	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cjrl-2328	411	5	simply	simply	ADV
cjrl-2328	411	6	imposes	impose	VERB
cjrl-2328	411	7	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	411	8	duty	duty	NOUN
cjrl-2328	411	9	on	on	ADP
cjrl-2328	411	10	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	411	11	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	411	12	anticipate	anticipate	VERB
cjrl-2328	411	13	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	411	14	reasonable	reasonable	ADJ
cjrl-2328	411	15	results	result	NOUN
cjrl-2328	411	16	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	411	17	their	their	PRON
cjrl-2328	411	18	actions	action	NOUN
cjrl-2328	411	19	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	411	20	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	411	21	need	need	AUX
cjrl-2328	411	22	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	411	23	hamper	hamper	VERB
cjrl-2328	411	24	their	their	PRON
cjrl-2328	411	25	ability	ability	NOUN
cjrl-2328	411	26	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	411	27	do	do	AUX
cjrl-2328	411	28	their	their	PRON
cjrl-2328	411	29	jobs	job	NOUN
cjrl-2328	411	30	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	412	1	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	412	2	fourth	fourth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	412	3	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cjrl-2328	412	4	case	case	NOUN
cjrl-2328	412	5	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	412	6	estate	estate	NOUN
cjrl-2328	412	7	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	412	8	armstrong	armstrong	PROPN
cjrl-2328	412	9	ex	ex	PROPN
cjrl-2328	412	10	rel	rel	PROPN
cjrl-2328	412	11	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	413	1	armstrong	armstrong	PROPN
cjrl-2328	413	2	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	413	3	village	village	NOUN
cjrl-2328	413	4	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	413	5	pinehurst128	pinehurst128	PROPN
cjrl-2328	413	6	provides	provide	VERB
cjrl-2328	413	7	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	413	8	good	good	ADJ
cjrl-2328	413	9	example	example	NOUN
cjrl-2328	413	10	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	413	11	this.129	this.129	NUM
cjrl-2328	413	12	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	413	13	civilian	civilian	NOUN
cjrl-2328	413	14	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	413	15	that	that	DET
cjrl-2328	413	16	case	case	NOUN
cjrl-2328	413	17	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	413	18	armstrong	armstrong	PROPN
cjrl-2328	413	19	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	413	20	suffered	suffer	VERB
cjrl-2328	413	21	from	from	ADP
cjrl-2328	413	22	bipolar	bipolar	ADJ
cjrl-2328	413	23	disorder	disorder	NOUN
cjrl-2328	413	24	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	413	25	schizophrenia	schizophrenia	NOUN
cjrl-2328	413	26	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	414	1	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	414	2	were	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	414	3	called	call	VERB
cjrl-2328	414	4	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	414	5	enforce	enforce	VERB
cjrl-2328	414	6	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	414	7	involuntary	involuntary	ADJ
cjrl-2328	414	8	commitment	commitment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	414	9	order	order	NOUN
cjrl-2328	414	10	compelling	compel	VERB
cjrl-2328	414	11	him	he	PRON
cjrl-2328	414	12	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	414	13	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	414	14	hospitalized	hospitalize	VERB
cjrl-2328	414	15	after	after	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	414	16	his	his	PRON
cjrl-2328	414	17	doctor	doctor	NOUN
cjrl-2328	414	18	identified	identify	VERB
cjrl-2328	414	19	him	he	PRON
cjrl-2328	414	20	as	as	ADP
cjrl-2328	414	21	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	414	22	danger	danger	NOUN
cjrl-2328	414	23	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	414	24	himself.130	himself.130	NOUN
cjrl-2328	414	25	when	when	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	414	26	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	414	27	ordered	order	VERB
cjrl-2328	414	28	armstrong	armstrong	PROPN
cjrl-2328	414	29	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	414	30	return	return	VERB
cjrl-2328	414	31	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	414	32	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	414	33	hospital	hospital	NOUN
cjrl-2328	414	34	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	414	35	armstrong	armstrong	PROPN
cjrl-2328	414	36	wrapped	wrap	VERB
cjrl-2328	414	37	his	his	PRON
cjrl-2328	414	38	body	body	NOUN
cjrl-2328	414	39	around	around	ADP
cjrl-2328	414	40	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	414	41	stop	stop	NOUN
cjrl-2328	414	42	sign	sign	NOUN
cjrl-2328	414	43	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	414	44	refused	refuse	VERB
cjrl-2328	414	45	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	414	46	comply.131	comply.131	PROPN
cjrl-2328	414	47	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	414	48	response	response	NOUN
cjrl-2328	414	49	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	414	50	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	414	51	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	414	52	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	414	53	tased	tase	VERB
cjrl-2328	414	54	him	he	PRON
cjrl-2328	414	55	five	five	NUM
cjrl-2328	414	56	times.132	times.132	NOUN
cjrl-2328	414	57	when	when	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	414	58	he	he	PRON
cjrl-2328	414	59	continued	continue	VERB
cjrl-2328	414	60	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	414	61	resist	resist	VERB
cjrl-2328	414	62	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	414	63	they	they	PRON
cjrl-2328	414	64	removed	remove	VERB
cjrl-2328	414	65	him	he	PRON
cjrl-2328	414	66	by	by	ADP
cjrl-2328	414	67	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	414	68	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	414	69	cuffed	cuff	VERB
cjrl-2328	414	70	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	414	71	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	414	72	shackled	shackle	VERB
cjrl-2328	414	73	him.133	him.133	VERB
cjrl-2328	414	74	during	during	ADP
cjrl-2328	414	75	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	414	76	course	course	NOUN
cjrl-2328	414	77	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	414	78	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	414	79	struggle	struggle	NOUN
cjrl-2328	414	80	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	414	81	armstrong	armstrong	PROPN
cjrl-2328	414	82	died.134	died.134	PROPN
cjrl-2328	414	83	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	414	84	finding	find	VERB
cjrl-2328	414	85	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	414	86	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	414	87	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	414	88	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	414	89	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	414	90	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	414	91	unreasonable	unreasonable	ADJ
cjrl-2328	414	92	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	414	93	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	414	94	panel	panel	NOUN
cjrl-2328	414	95	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	414	96	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	414	97	fourth	fourth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	414	98	circuit	circuit	NOUN
cjrl-2328	414	99	wrote	write	VERB
cjrl-2328	414	100	:	:	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	414	101	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	414	102	tasing	tase	VERB
cjrl-2328	414	103	armstrong	armstrong	PROPN
cjrl-2328	414	104	did	do	AUX
cjrl-2328	414	105	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	414	106	force	force	VERB
cjrl-2328	414	107	him	he	PRON
cjrl-2328	414	108	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	414	109	succumb	succumb	VERB
cjrl-2328	414	110	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	414	111	[	[	X
cjrl-2328	414	112	the	the	X
cjrl-2328	414	113	]	]	X
cjrl-2328	414	114	seizure	seizure	NOUN
cjrl-2328	414	115	—	—	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	414	116	he	he	PRON
cjrl-2328	414	117	actually	actually	ADV
cjrl-2328	414	118	increased	increase	VERB
cjrl-2328	414	119	his	his	PRON
cjrl-2328	414	120	resistance	resistance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	414	121	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	414	122	response	response	NOUN
cjrl-2328	414	123	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	414	124	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	414	125	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	415	1	had	have	AUX
cjrl-2328	415	2	appellees	appellee	NOUN
cjrl-2328	415	3	limited	limit	VERB
cjrl-2328	415	4	themselves	themselves	PRON
cjrl-2328	415	5	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	415	6	permissible	permissible	ADJ
cjrl-2328	415	7	uses	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	415	8	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	415	9	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	415	10	when	when	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	415	11	seizing	seize	VERB
cjrl-2328	415	12	armstrong	armstrong	PROPN
cjrl-2328	415	13	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	415	14	they	they	PRON
cjrl-2328	415	15	would	would	AUX
cjrl-2328	415	16	have	have	AUX
cjrl-2328	415	17	had	have	VERB
cjrl-2328	415	18	every	every	DET
cjrl-2328	415	19	tool	tool	NOUN
cjrl-2328	415	20	needed	need	VERB
cjrl-2328	415	21	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	415	22	control	control	VERB
cjrl-2328	415	23	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	415	24	resolve	resolve	VERB
cjrl-2328	415	25	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	415	26	situation	situation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	415	27	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	415	28	their	their	PRON
cjrl-2328	415	29	disposal	disposal	NOUN
cjrl-2328	415	30	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	415	31	”135	”135	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	416	1	thus	thus	ADV
cjrl-2328	416	2	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	416	3	under	under	ADP
cjrl-2328	416	4	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	416	5	court	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	416	6	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	416	7	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cjrl-2328	416	8	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	416	9	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	416	10	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	416	11	’	’	PART
cjrl-2328	416	12	decision	decision	NOUN
cjrl-2328	416	13	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	416	14	tase	tase	VERB
cjrl-2328	416	15	armstrong	armstrong	PROPN
cjrl-2328	416	16	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	416	17	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	416	18	only	only	ADV
cjrl-2328	416	19	unjustified	unjustified	ADJ
cjrl-2328	416	20	—	—	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	416	21	his	his	PRON
cjrl-2328	416	22	noncompliance	noncompliance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	416	23	did	do	AUX
cjrl-2328	416	24	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	416	25	warrant	warrant	VERB
cjrl-2328	416	26	this	this	DET
cjrl-2328	416	27	level	level	NOUN
cjrl-2328	416	28	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	416	29	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	416	30	given	give	VERB
cjrl-2328	416	31	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	416	32	he	he	PRON
cjrl-2328	416	33	did	do	AUX
cjrl-2328	416	34	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	416	35	present	present	VERB
cjrl-2328	416	36	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	416	37	threat	threat	NOUN
cjrl-2328	416	38	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	416	39	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	416	40	safety	safety	NOUN
cjrl-2328	416	41	—	—	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	416	42	but	but	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	416	43	also	also	ADV
cjrl-2328	416	44	ineffective	ineffective	ADJ
cjrl-2328	416	45	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	416	46	as	as	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	416	47	their	their	PRON
cjrl-2328	416	48	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	416	49	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	416	50	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	416	51	actually	actually	ADV
cjrl-2328	416	52	increased	increase	VERB
cjrl-2328	416	53	his	his	PRON
cjrl-2328	416	54	resistance	resistance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	416	55	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	416	56	escalated	escalate	VERB
cjrl-2328	416	57	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	416	58	situation.136	situation.136	NOUN
cjrl-2328	416	59	127	127	NUM
cjrl-2328	416	60	brown	brown	NOUN
cjrl-2328	416	61	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	416	62	gilmore	gilmore	PROPN
cjrl-2328	416	63	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	416	64	278	278	NUM
cjrl-2328	416	65	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	416	66	362	362	NUM
cjrl-2328	416	67	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	416	68	369	369	NUM
cjrl-2328	416	69	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	416	70	4th	4th	ADJ
cjrl-2328	416	71	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	416	72	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	416	73	2002	2002	NUM
cjrl-2328	416	74	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	416	75	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	417	1	128	128	NUM
cjrl-2328	417	2	estate	estate	NOUN
cjrl-2328	417	3	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	417	4	armstrong	armstrong	PROPN
cjrl-2328	417	5	ex	ex	PROPN
cjrl-2328	417	6	rel	rel	PROPN
cjrl-2328	417	7	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	418	1	armstrong	armstrong	PROPN
cjrl-2328	418	2	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	418	3	village	village	NOUN
cjrl-2328	418	4	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	418	5	pinehurst	pinehurst	PROPN
cjrl-2328	418	6	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	418	7	810	810	NUM
cjrl-2328	418	8	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	418	9	892	892	NUM
cjrl-2328	418	10	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	418	11	896	896	NUM
cjrl-2328	418	12	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	418	13	4th	4th	ADJ
cjrl-2328	418	14	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	418	15	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	418	16	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	418	17	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	418	18	cert	cert	PROPN
cjrl-2328	418	19	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	418	20	denied	deny	VERB
cjrl-2328	418	21	sub	sub	PROPN
cjrl-2328	418	22	nom	nom	PROPN
cjrl-2328	418	23	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	418	24	vill	vill	PROPN
cjrl-2328	418	25	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	419	1	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	419	2	pinehurst	pinehurst	PROPN
cjrl-2328	419	3	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	419	4	n.c	n.c	PROPN
cjrl-2328	419	5	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	420	1	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	420	2	estate	estate	NOUN
cjrl-2328	420	3	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	420	4	armstrong	armstrong	PROPN
cjrl-2328	420	5	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	420	6	137	137	NUM
cjrl-2328	420	7	s.	s.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	420	8	ct	ct	PROPN
cjrl-2328	420	9	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	420	10	61	61	NUM
cjrl-2328	420	11	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	420	12	2016	2016	NUM
cjrl-2328	420	13	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	420	14	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	421	1	129	129	NUM
cjrl-2328	422	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	422	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	422	3	130	130	NUM
cjrl-2328	423	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	423	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	423	3	131	131	NUM
cjrl-2328	424	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	424	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	424	3	132	132	NUM
cjrl-2328	425	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	425	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	425	3	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	425	4	897	897	NUM
cjrl-2328	425	5	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	426	1	133	133	NUM
cjrl-2328	427	1	i	i	PROPN
cjrl-2328	427	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	427	3	134	134	NUM
cjrl-2328	428	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	428	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	428	3	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	428	4	898	898	NUM
cjrl-2328	428	5	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	428	6	135	135	NUM
cjrl-2328	429	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	429	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	429	3	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	429	4	906	906	NUM
cjrl-2328	429	5	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	430	1	136	136	NUM
cjrl-2328	431	1	i	i	PRON
cjrl-2328	431	2	d.	d.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	431	3	30	30	NUM
cjrl-2328	431	4	columbia	columbia	PROPN
cjrl-2328	431	5	journal	journal	PROPN
cjrl-2328	431	6	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	431	7	race	race	NOUN
cjrl-2328	431	8	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	431	9	law	law	NOUN
cjrl-2328	432	1	[	[	X
cjrl-2328	432	2	vol	vol	NOUN
cjrl-2328	432	3	.	.	NOUN
cjrl-2328	432	4	8:1	8:1	NUM
cjrl-2328	432	5	viewing	view	VERB
cjrl-2328	432	6	excessive	excessive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	432	7	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	432	8	claims	claim	NOUN
cjrl-2328	432	9	as	as	ADP
cjrl-2328	432	10	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	432	11	chain	chain	NOUN
cjrl-2328	432	12	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	432	13	events	event	NOUN
cjrl-2328	432	14	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	432	15	essential	essential	ADJ
cjrl-2328	432	16	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	432	17	untangling	untangle	VERB
cjrl-2328	432	18	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	432	19	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	432	20	trap	trap	NOUN
cjrl-2328	432	21	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	432	22	by	by	ADP
cjrl-2328	432	23	creating	create	VERB
cjrl-2328	432	24	accountability	accountability	NOUN
cjrl-2328	432	25	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	432	26	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	432	27	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	432	28	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	432	29	escalates	escalate	VERB
cjrl-2328	432	30	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	432	31	interaction	interaction	NOUN
cjrl-2328	432	32	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	433	1	by	by	ADP
cjrl-2328	433	2	incorporating	incorporate	VERB
cjrl-2328	433	3	principles	principle	NOUN
cjrl-2328	433	4	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	433	5	causation	causation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	433	6	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	433	7	excessive	excessive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	433	8	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	433	9	claims	claim	NOUN
cjrl-2328	433	10	have	have	VERB
cjrl-2328	433	11	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	433	12	potential	potential	NOUN
cjrl-2328	433	13	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	433	14	provide	provide	VERB
cjrl-2328	433	15	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	433	16	important	important	ADJ
cjrl-2328	433	17	deterrent	deterrent	NOUN
cjrl-2328	433	18	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	433	19	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	433	20	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	433	21	’	’	PART
cjrl-2328	433	22	abuse	abuse	NOUN
cjrl-2328	433	23	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	433	24	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	433	25	increased	increase	VERB
cjrl-2328	433	26	power	power	NOUN
cjrl-2328	433	27	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	433	28	discretion	discretion	NOUN
cjrl-2328	433	29	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	433	30	terry	terry	PROPN
cjrl-2328	433	31	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	433	32	progeny	progeny	NOUN
cjrl-2328	433	33	provide	provide	VERB
cjrl-2328	433	34	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	434	1	while	while	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	434	2	fourth	fourth	PROPN
cjrl-2328	434	3	amendment	amendment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	434	4	law	law	NOUN
cjrl-2328	434	5	generally	generally	ADV
cjrl-2328	434	6	may	may	AUX
cjrl-2328	434	7	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	434	8	moving	move	VERB
cjrl-2328	434	9	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	434	10	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	434	11	direction	direction	NOUN
cjrl-2328	434	12	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	434	13	permitting	permit	VERB
cjrl-2328	434	14	increased	increase	VERB
cjrl-2328	434	15	intrusions	intrusion	NOUN
cjrl-2328	434	16	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	434	17	minor	minor	ADJ
cjrl-2328	434	18	crimes,137	crimes,137	PROPN
cjrl-2328	434	19	excessive	excessive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	434	20	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	434	21	case	case	NOUN
cjrl-2328	434	22	law	law	NOUN
cjrl-2328	434	23	can	can	AUX
cjrl-2328	434	24	provide	provide	VERB
cjrl-2328	434	25	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	434	26	increasingly	increasingly	ADV
cjrl-2328	434	27	important	important	ADJ
cjrl-2328	434	28	check	check	NOUN
cjrl-2328	434	29	on	on	ADP
cjrl-2328	434	30	this	this	DET
cjrl-2328	434	31	trend	trend	NOUN
cjrl-2328	434	32	by	by	ADP
cjrl-2328	434	33	limiting	limit	VERB
cjrl-2328	434	34	how	how	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	434	35	aggressive	aggressive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	434	36	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	434	37	conduct	conduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	434	38	can	can	AUX
cjrl-2328	434	39	justify	justify	VERB
cjrl-2328	434	40	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	434	41	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	434	42	later	later	ADV
cjrl-2328	434	43	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	434	44	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	434	45	encounter	encounter	NOUN
cjrl-2328	434	46	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	435	1	considering	consider	VERB
cjrl-2328	435	2	excessive	excessive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	435	3	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	435	4	claims	claim	NOUN
cjrl-2328	435	5	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	435	6	terms	term	NOUN
cjrl-2328	435	7	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	435	8	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	435	9	chain	chain	NOUN
cjrl-2328	435	10	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	435	11	events	event	NOUN
cjrl-2328	435	12	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	435	13	essential	essential	ADJ
cjrl-2328	435	14	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	435	15	ensuring	ensure	VERB
cjrl-2328	435	16	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	435	17	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	435	18	totality	totality	NOUN
cjrl-2328	435	19	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	435	20	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	435	21	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	435	22	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cjrl-2328	435	23	reaches	reach	VERB
cjrl-2328	435	24	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	435	25	result	result	NOUN
cjrl-2328	435	26	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	435	27	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	435	28	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	435	29	line	line	NOUN
cjrl-2328	435	30	with	with	ADP
cjrl-2328	435	31	long	long	ADV
cjrl-2328	435	32	-	-	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	435	33	established	establish	VERB
cjrl-2328	435	34	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	435	35	fundamental	fundamental	ADJ
cjrl-2328	435	36	fourth	fourth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	435	37	amendment	amendment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	435	38	principles	principle	NOUN
cjrl-2328	435	39	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	436	1	vi	vi	X
cjrl-2328	436	2	.	.	NOUN
cjrl-2328	436	3	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN
cjrl-2328	436	4	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	436	5	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	436	6	wake	wake	NOUN
cjrl-2328	436	7	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	436	8	repeated	repeat	VERB
cjrl-2328	436	9	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	436	10	shootings	shooting	NOUN
cjrl-2328	436	11	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	436	12	young	young	ADJ
cjrl-2328	436	13	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	436	14	unarmed	unarmed	ADJ
cjrl-2328	436	15	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	436	16	black	black	ADJ
cjrl-2328	436	17	men	man	NOUN
cjrl-2328	436	18	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	436	19	women	woman	NOUN
cjrl-2328	436	20	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	436	21	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	436	22	departments	department	NOUN
cjrl-2328	436	23	across	across	ADP
cjrl-2328	436	24	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	436	25	country	country	NOUN
cjrl-2328	436	26	are	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	436	27	focusing	focus	VERB
cjrl-2328	436	28	on	on	ADP
cjrl-2328	436	29	de	de	PROPN
cjrl-2328	436	30	-	-	NOUN
cjrl-2328	436	31	escalation.138	escalation.138	NOUN
cjrl-2328	436	32	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	436	33	contrast	contrast	NOUN
cjrl-2328	436	34	with	with	ADP
cjrl-2328	436	35	137	137	NUM
cjrl-2328	436	36	see	see	NOUN
cjrl-2328	436	37	atwater	atwater	NOUN
cjrl-2328	436	38	v.	v.	ADP
cjrl-2328	436	39	city	city	NOUN
cjrl-2328	436	40	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	436	41	lago	lago	PROPN
cjrl-2328	436	42	vista	vista	NOUN
cjrl-2328	436	43	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	436	44	532	532	NUM
cjrl-2328	436	45	u.s	u.s	PROPN
cjrl-2328	436	46	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	436	47	318	318	NUM
cjrl-2328	436	48	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	436	49	339–40	339–40	NUM
cjrl-2328	436	50	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	436	51	345	345	NUM
cjrl-2328	436	52	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	436	53	354	354	NUM
cjrl-2328	436	54	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	436	55	2001	2001	NUM
cjrl-2328	436	56	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	436	57	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	436	58	explaining	explain	VERB
cjrl-2328	436	59	why	why	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	436	60	custodial	custodial	ADJ
cjrl-2328	436	61	arrests	arrest	NOUN
cjrl-2328	436	62	even	even	ADV
cjrl-2328	436	63	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	436	64	very	very	ADV
cjrl-2328	436	65	minor	minor	ADJ
cjrl-2328	436	66	criminal	criminal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	436	67	offenses	offense	NOUN
cjrl-2328	436	68	do	do	AUX
cjrl-2328	436	69	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	436	70	violate	violate	VERB
cjrl-2328	436	71	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	436	72	fourth	fourth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	436	73	amendment	amendment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	436	74	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	436	75	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	437	1	138	138	NUM
cjrl-2328	437	2	international	international	ADJ
cjrl-2328	437	3	association	association	NOUN
cjrl-2328	437	4	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	437	5	chiefs	chief	NOUN
cjrl-2328	437	6	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	437	7	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	437	8	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	437	9	national	national	ADJ
cjrl-2328	437	10	consensus	consensus	NOUN
cjrl-2328	437	11	policy	policy	NOUN
cjrl-2328	437	12	on	on	ADP
cjrl-2328	437	13	use	use	NOUN
cjrl-2328	437	14	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	437	15	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	437	16	3	3	NUM
cjrl-2328	437	17	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	437	18	jan	jan	PROPN
cjrl-2328	437	19	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	437	20	2017	2017	NUM
cjrl-2328	437	21	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	437	22	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	437	23	http://www.theiacp.org/portals/0/documents/pdfs/	http://www.theiacp.org/portals/0/documents/pdfs/	PROPN
cjrl-2328	437	24	national_consensus_policy_on_use_of_force.pdf	national_consensus_policy_on_use_of_force.pdf	PROPN
cjrl-2328	437	25	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	437	26	recommending	recommend	VERB
cjrl-2328	437	27	training	training	NOUN
cjrl-2328	437	28	on	on	ADP
cjrl-2328	437	29	de	de	NOUN
cjrl-2328	437	30	-	-	NOUN
cjrl-2328	437	31	escalation	escalation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	437	32	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	437	33	proscribing	proscribe	VERB
cjrl-2328	437	34	that	that	DET
cjrl-2328	437	35	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	437	36	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	437	37	shall	shall	AUX
cjrl-2328	437	38	use	use	VERB
cjrl-2328	437	39	de	de	ADJ
cjrl-2328	437	40	-	-	NOUN
cjrl-2328	437	41	escalation	escalation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	437	42	techniques	technique	NOUN
cjrl-2328	437	43	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	437	44	other	other	ADJ
cjrl-2328	437	45	alternatives	alternative	NOUN
cjrl-2328	437	46	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	437	47	higher	high	ADJ
cjrl-2328	437	48	levels	level	NOUN
cjrl-2328	437	49	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	437	50	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	437	51	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	437	52	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	437	53	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	438	1	whenever	whenever	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	438	2	possible	possible	ADJ
cjrl-2328	438	3	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	438	4	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
cjrl-2328	438	5	before	before	ADP
cjrl-2328	438	6	resorting	resort	VERB
cjrl-2328	438	7	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	438	8	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	438	9	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	438	10	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	438	11	reduce	reduce	VERB
cjrl-2328	438	12	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	438	13	need	need	NOUN
cjrl-2328	438	14	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	438	15	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	438	16	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	438	17	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	438	18	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	439	1	see	see	VERB
cjrl-2328	439	2	also	also	ADV
cjrl-2328	439	3	tom	tom	PROPN
cjrl-2328	439	4	jackman	jackman	PROPN
cjrl-2328	439	5	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	439	6	de	de	ADJ
cjrl-2328	439	7	-	-	NOUN
cjrl-2328	439	8	escalation	escalation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	439	9	training	training	NOUN
cjrl-2328	439	10	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	439	11	reduce	reduce	VERB
cjrl-2328	439	12	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	439	13	shootings	shooting	NOUN
cjrl-2328	439	14	facing	face	VERB
cjrl-2328	439	15	mixed	mixed	ADJ
cjrl-2328	439	16	reviews	review	NOUN
cjrl-2328	439	17	at	at	ADP
cjrl-2328	439	18	launch	launch	NOUN
cjrl-2328	439	19	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	439	20	wash	wash	NOUN
cjrl-2328	439	21	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	440	1	post	post	NOUN
cjrl-2328	440	2	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	440	3	oct	oct	PROPN
cjrl-2328	440	4	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	440	5	15	15	NUM
cjrl-2328	440	6	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	440	7	2016	2016	NUM
cjrl-2328	440	8	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	440	9	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	440	10	https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/public-safety/deescalation-training-to-reduce-police-shootings-facing-mixed-reviews-atlaunch/2016/10/14/d6d96c74-9159-11e6-9c85	https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/public-safety/deescalation-training-to-reduce-police-shootings-facing-mixed-reviews-atlaunch/2016/10/14/d6d96c74-9159-11e6-9c85	PROPN
cjrl-2328	440	11	ac42097b8cc0_story.html?utm_term=.1922bc753fe2	ac42097b8cc0_story.html?utm_term=.1922bc753fe2	PROPN
cjrl-2328	440	12	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	441	1	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	441	2	“	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	441	3	[	[	X
cjrl-2328	441	4	i]n	i]n	NOUN
cjrl-2328	441	5	about	about	ADV
cjrl-2328	441	6	40	40	NUM
cjrl-2328	441	7	percent	percent	NOUN
cjrl-2328	441	8	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	441	9	[	[	X
cjrl-2328	441	10	lethal	lethal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	441	11	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	441	12	shooting	shooting	NOUN
cjrl-2328	441	13	]	]	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	441	14	cases	case	NOUN
cjrl-2328	441	15	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	441	16	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	441	17	subject	subject	NOUN
cjrl-2328	441	18	does	do	AUX
cjrl-2328	441	19	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	441	20	have	have	VERB
cjrl-2328	441	21	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	441	22	gun	gun	NOUN
cjrl-2328	441	23	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	441	24	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	441	25	many	many	ADJ
cjrl-2328	441	26	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	441	27	officials	official	NOUN
cjrl-2328	441	28	think	think	VERB
cjrl-2328	441	29	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	441	30	reducing	reduce	VERB
cjrl-2328	441	31	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	441	32	intensity	intensity	NOUN
cjrl-2328	441	33	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	441	34	such	such	ADJ
cjrl-2328	441	35	encounters	encounter	NOUN
cjrl-2328	441	36	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	441	37	establishing	establish	VERB
cjrl-2328	441	38	more	more	ADJ
cjrl-2328	441	39	distance	distance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	441	40	between	between	ADP
cjrl-2328	441	41	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	441	42	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	441	43	subject	subject	ADJ
cjrl-2328	441	44	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	441	45	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	441	46	simply	simply	ADV
cjrl-2328	441	47	talking	talk	VERB
cjrl-2328	441	48	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	441	49	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	441	50	person	person	NOUN
cjrl-2328	441	51	can	can	AUX
cjrl-2328	441	52	result	result	VERB
cjrl-2328	441	53	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	441	54	no	no	DET
cjrl-2328	441	55	shots	shot	NOUN
cjrl-2328	441	56	being	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	441	57	fired	fire	VERB
cjrl-2328	441	58	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	441	59	less	less	ADJ
cjrl-2328	441	60	trauma	trauma	NOUN
cjrl-2328	441	61	on	on	ADP
cjrl-2328	441	62	all	all	ADV
cjrl-2328	441	63	no	no	NOUN
cjrl-2328	441	64	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	441	65	1:1	1:1	NUM
cjrl-2328	441	66	]	]	X
cjrl-2328	441	67	dismantling	dismantle	VERB
cjrl-2328	441	68	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	441	69	trap	trap	NOUN
cjrl-2328	441	70	31	31	NUM
cjrl-2328	441	71	this	this	DET
cjrl-2328	441	72	approach	approach	NOUN
cjrl-2328	441	73	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	441	74	federal	federal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	441	75	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	441	76	often	often	ADV
cjrl-2328	441	77	continue	continue	VERB
cjrl-2328	441	78	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	441	79	analyze	analyze	VERB
cjrl-2328	441	80	fourth	fourth	ADJ
cjrl-2328	441	81	amendment	amendment	PROPN
cjrl-2328	441	82	excessive	excessive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	441	83	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	441	84	cases	case	NOUN
cjrl-2328	441	85	from	from	ADP
cjrl-2328	441	86	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	441	87	moment	moment	NOUN
cjrl-2328	441	88	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	441	89	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	441	90	employed	employ	VERB
cjrl-2328	441	91	without	without	ADP
cjrl-2328	441	92	considering	consider	VERB
cjrl-2328	441	93	how	how	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	441	94	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	441	95	conduct	conduct	VERB
cjrl-2328	441	96	earlier	early	ADV
cjrl-2328	441	97	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	441	98	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	441	99	encounter	encounter	NOUN
cjrl-2328	441	100	may	may	AUX
cjrl-2328	441	101	have	have	AUX
cjrl-2328	441	102	contributed	contribute	VERB
cjrl-2328	441	103	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	441	104	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	441	105	need	need	NOUN
cjrl-2328	441	106	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	441	107	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ
cjrl-2328	441	108	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	441	109	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	442	1	moreover	moreover	ADV
cjrl-2328	442	2	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	442	3	judges	judge	NOUN
cjrl-2328	442	4	often	often	ADV
cjrl-2328	442	5	assume	assume	VERB
cjrl-2328	442	6	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	442	7	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	442	8	serves	serve	VERB
cjrl-2328	442	9	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	442	10	interest	interest	NOUN
cjrl-2328	442	11	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	442	12	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	442	13	safety	safety	NOUN
cjrl-2328	442	14	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	442	15	civilian	civilian	ADJ
cjrl-2328	442	16	compliance	compliance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	442	17	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	442	18	rather	rather	ADV
cjrl-2328	442	19	than	than	ADP
cjrl-2328	442	20	exacerbating	exacerbate	VERB
cjrl-2328	442	21	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	442	22	situation	situation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	442	23	under	under	ADP
cjrl-2328	442	24	some	some	DET
cjrl-2328	442	25	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	442	26	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	442	27	increasing	increase	VERB
cjrl-2328	442	28	risks	risk	NOUN
cjrl-2328	442	29	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	443	1	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	443	2	assumptions	assumption	NOUN
cjrl-2328	443	3	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	443	4	guide	guide	VERB
cjrl-2328	443	5	judicial	judicial	ADJ
cjrl-2328	443	6	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cjrl-2328	443	7	are	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	443	8	therefore	therefore	ADV
cjrl-2328	443	9	fundamentally	fundamentally	ADV
cjrl-2328	443	10	out	out	ADP
cjrl-2328	443	11	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	443	12	touch	touch	NOUN
cjrl-2328	443	13	with	with	ADP
cjrl-2328	443	14	standard	standard	ADJ
cjrl-2328	443	15	policies	policy	NOUN
cjrl-2328	443	16	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	443	17	best	good	ADJ
cjrl-2328	443	18	practices	practice	NOUN
cjrl-2328	443	19	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	443	20	policing	policing	NOUN
cjrl-2328	443	21	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	443	22	which	which	PRON
cjrl-2328	443	23	should	should	AUX
cjrl-2328	443	24	instead	instead	ADV
cjrl-2328	443	25	inform	inform	VERB
cjrl-2328	443	26	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	443	27	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cjrl-2328	443	28	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	443	29	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	443	30	apply.139	apply.139	VERB
cjrl-2328	443	31	this	this	DET
cjrl-2328	443	32	article	article	NOUN
cjrl-2328	443	33	has	have	AUX
cjrl-2328	443	34	argued	argue	VERB
cjrl-2328	443	35	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	443	36	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	443	37	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	443	38	should	should	AUX
cjrl-2328	443	39	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	443	40	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	443	41	permitted	permit	VERB
cjrl-2328	443	42	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	443	43	use	use	VERB
cjrl-2328	443	44	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	443	45	when	when	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	443	46	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	443	47	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	443	48	predictably	predictably	ADV
cjrl-2328	443	49	created	create	VERB
cjrl-2328	443	50	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	443	51	need	need	NOUN
cjrl-2328	443	52	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	443	53	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	443	54	by	by	ADP
cjrl-2328	443	55	employing	employ	VERB
cjrl-2328	443	56	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	443	57	overly	overly	ADV
cjrl-2328	443	58	aggressive	aggressive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	443	59	tactic	tactic	NOUN
cjrl-2328	443	60	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	444	1	existing	exist	VERB
cjrl-2328	444	2	legal	legal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	444	3	principles	principle	NOUN
cjrl-2328	444	4	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	444	5	understanding	understand	VERB
cjrl-2328	444	6	causation	causation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	444	7	can	can	AUX
cjrl-2328	444	8	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	444	9	applied	apply	VERB
cjrl-2328	444	10	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	444	11	excessive	excessive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	444	12	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	444	13	cases	case	NOUN
cjrl-2328	444	14	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	444	15	determine	determine	VERB
cjrl-2328	444	16	whether	whether	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	444	17	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	444	18	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	444	19	created	create	VERB
cjrl-2328	444	20	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	444	21	circumstances	circumstance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	444	22	justifying	justify	VERB
cjrl-2328	444	23	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	444	24	need	need	NOUN
cjrl-2328	444	25	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	444	26	use	use	VERB
cjrl-2328	444	27	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	444	28	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	444	29	whether	whether	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	444	30	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	444	31	actions	action	NOUN
cjrl-2328	444	32	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	444	33	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	444	34	civilian	civilian	NOUN
cjrl-2328	444	35	constituted	constitute	VERB
cjrl-2328	444	36	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	444	37	superseding	superseding	NOUN
cjrl-2328	444	38	cause	cause	NOUN
cjrl-2328	444	39	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	445	1	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	445	2	severity	severity	NOUN
cjrl-2328	445	3	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	445	4	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	445	5	crime	crime	NOUN
cjrl-2328	445	6	provides	provide	VERB
cjrl-2328	445	7	key	key	ADJ
cjrl-2328	445	8	context	context	NOUN
cjrl-2328	445	9	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	445	10	this	this	DET
cjrl-2328	445	11	causation	causation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	445	12	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cjrl-2328	445	13	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	446	1	while	while	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	446	2	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	446	3	civilian	civilian	NOUN
cjrl-2328	446	4	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	446	5	failure	failure	NOUN
cjrl-2328	446	6	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	446	7	comply	comply	VERB
cjrl-2328	446	8	generally	generally	ADV
cjrl-2328	446	9	authorizes	authorize	VERB
cjrl-2328	446	10	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	446	11	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	446	12	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	446	13	use	use	VERB
cjrl-2328	446	14	additional	additional	ADJ
cjrl-2328	446	15	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	446	16	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	446	17	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	446	18	exception	exception	NOUN
cjrl-2328	446	19	should	should	AUX
cjrl-2328	446	20	occur	occur	VERB
cjrl-2328	446	21	when	when	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	446	22	it	it	PRON
cjrl-2328	446	23	can	can	AUX
cjrl-2328	446	24	be	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	446	25	said	say	VERB
cjrl-2328	446	26	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	446	27	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	446	28	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	446	29	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	446	30	approach	approach	NOUN
cjrl-2328	446	31	predictably	predictably	ADV
cjrl-2328	446	32	caused	cause	VERB
cjrl-2328	446	33	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	446	34	civilian	civilian	NOUN
cjrl-2328	446	35	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	446	36	resist	resist	VERB
cjrl-2328	446	37	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	447	1	this	this	DET
cjrl-2328	447	2	limitation	limitation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	447	3	would	would	AUX
cjrl-2328	447	4	prevent	prevent	VERB
cjrl-2328	447	5	officers	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	447	6	from	from	ADP
cjrl-2328	447	7	manufacturing	manufacture	VERB
cjrl-2328	447	8	authority	authority	NOUN
cjrl-2328	447	9	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	447	10	use	use	VERB
cjrl-2328	447	11	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	447	12	by	by	ADP
cjrl-2328	447	13	employing	employ	VERB
cjrl-2328	447	14	overly	overly	ADV
cjrl-2328	447	15	aggressive	aggressive	ADJ
cjrl-2328	447	16	tactics	tactic	NOUN
cjrl-2328	447	17	or	or	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	447	18	other	other	ADJ
cjrl-2328	447	19	misconduct	misconduct	NOUN
cjrl-2328	447	20	that	that	PRON
cjrl-2328	447	21	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	447	22	likely	likely	ADJ
cjrl-2328	447	23	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	447	24	provoke	provoke	VERB
cjrl-2328	447	25	civilian	civilian	ADJ
cjrl-2328	447	26	resistance	resistance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	447	27	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	448	1	as	as	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	448	2	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	448	3	justification	justification	NOUN
cjrl-2328	448	4	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	448	5	asserting	assert	VERB
cjrl-2328	448	6	authority	authority	NOUN
cjrl-2328	448	7	weakens	weaken	VERB
cjrl-2328	448	8	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	448	9	so	so	ADV
cjrl-2328	448	10	does	do	VERB
cjrl-2328	448	11	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	448	12	line	line	NOUN
cjrl-2328	448	13	between	between	ADP
cjrl-2328	448	14	legal	legal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	448	15	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	448	16	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	448	17	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	448	18	illegal	illegal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	448	19	state	state	NOUN
cjrl-2328	448	20	-	-	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	448	21	sponsored	sponsor	VERB
cjrl-2328	448	22	violence	violence	NOUN
cjrl-2328	448	23	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	449	1	thus	thus	ADV
cjrl-2328	449	2	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	449	3	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	449	4	sides	side	NOUN
cjrl-2328	449	5	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	449	6	”	"	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	449	7	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	449	8	;	;	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	449	9	timothy	timothy	PROPN
cjrl-2328	449	10	williams	williams	PROPN
cjrl-2328	449	11	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	449	12	long	long	ADV
cjrl-2328	449	13	taught	teach	VERB
cjrl-2328	449	14	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	449	15	use	use	VERB
cjrl-2328	449	16	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	449	17	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	449	18	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	449	19	warily	warily	ADV
cjrl-2328	449	20	learn	learn	VERB
cjrl-2328	449	21	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	449	22	de	de	NOUN
cjrl-2328	449	23	-	-	VERB
cjrl-2328	449	24	escalate	escalate	NOUN
cjrl-2328	449	25	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	449	26	n.y	n.y	PROPN
cjrl-2328	449	27	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	449	28	times	times	PROPN
cjrl-2328	449	29	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	449	30	june	june	PROPN
cjrl-2328	449	31	27	27	NUM
cjrl-2328	449	32	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	449	33	2015	2015	NUM
cjrl-2328	449	34	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	449	35	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	449	36	https://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/28/us/long-taught-to-use-force-policewarily-learn-to-de-escalate.html	https://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/28/us/long-taught-to-use-force-policewarily-learn-to-de-escalate.html	PROPN
cjrl-2328	449	37	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	450	1	139	139	NUM
cjrl-2328	450	2	see	see	VERB
cjrl-2328	450	3	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	450	4	e.g.	e.g.	ADV
cjrl-2328	450	5	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	450	6	ludwig	ludwig	PROPN
cjrl-2328	450	7	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	450	8	anderson	anderson	PROPN
cjrl-2328	450	9	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	450	10	54	54	NUM
cjrl-2328	450	11	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	450	12	465	465	NUM
cjrl-2328	450	13	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	450	14	472	472	NUM
cjrl-2328	450	15	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	450	16	8th	8th	ADJ
cjrl-2328	450	17	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	450	18	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	450	19	1995	1995	NUM
cjrl-2328	450	20	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	450	21	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	450	22	finding	find	VERB
cjrl-2328	450	23	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	450	24	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	450	25	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	450	26	department	department	NOUN
cjrl-2328	450	27	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	450	28	policy	policy	NOUN
cjrl-2328	450	29	was	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	450	30	relevant	relevant	ADJ
cjrl-2328	450	31	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	450	32	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	450	33	reasonableness	reasonableness	NOUN
cjrl-2328	450	34	analysis	analysis	NOUN
cjrl-2328	450	35	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	450	36	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	451	1	see	see	VERB
cjrl-2328	451	2	also	also	ADV
cjrl-2328	451	3	wilson	wilson	PROPN
cjrl-2328	451	4	v.	v.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	451	5	meeks	meeks	PROPN
cjrl-2328	451	6	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	451	7	52	52	NUM
cjrl-2328	451	8	f.3d	f.3d	NUM
cjrl-2328	451	9	1547	1547	NUM
cjrl-2328	451	10	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	451	11	1554	1554	NUM
cjrl-2328	451	12	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	451	13	10th	10th	ADJ
cjrl-2328	451	14	cir	cir	NOUN
cjrl-2328	451	15	.	.	PROPN
cjrl-2328	451	16	1995	1995	NUM
cjrl-2328	451	17	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	451	18	(	(	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	451	19	violations	violation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	451	20	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	451	21	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	451	22	regulation	regulation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	451	23	do	do	AUX
cjrl-2328	451	24	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	451	25	alone	alone	ADV
cjrl-2328	451	26	give	give	VERB
cjrl-2328	451	27	rise	rise	NOUN
cjrl-2328	451	28	to	to	ADP
cjrl-2328	451	29	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	451	30	section	section	NOUN
cjrl-2328	451	31	1983	1983	NUM
cjrl-2328	451	32	claim	claim	NOUN
cjrl-2328	451	33	)	)	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	451	34	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	452	1	32	32	NUM
cjrl-2328	452	2	columbia	columbia	PROPN
cjrl-2328	452	3	journal	journal	PROPN
cjrl-2328	452	4	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	452	5	race	race	NOUN
cjrl-2328	452	6	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	452	7	law	law	NOUN
cjrl-2328	452	8	[	[	X
cjrl-2328	452	9	vol	vol	NOUN
cjrl-2328	452	10	.	.	NOUN
cjrl-2328	452	11	8:1	8:1	NUM
cjrl-2328	452	12	implications	implication	NOUN
cjrl-2328	452	13	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	452	14	making	make	VERB
cjrl-2328	452	15	tort	tort	NOUN
cjrl-2328	452	16	-	-	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	452	17	based	base	VERB
cjrl-2328	452	18	causation	causation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	452	19	distinctions	distinction	NOUN
cjrl-2328	452	20	are	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	452	21	important	important	ADJ
cjrl-2328	452	22	for	for	ADP
cjrl-2328	452	23	ensuring	ensure	VERB
cjrl-2328	452	24	that	that	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	452	25	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	452	26	next	next	ADJ
cjrl-2328	452	27	generation	generation	NOUN
cjrl-2328	452	28	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	452	29	citizens	citizen	NOUN
cjrl-2328	452	30	views	view	VERB
cjrl-2328	452	31	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	452	32	criminal	criminal	ADJ
cjrl-2328	452	33	justice	justice	NOUN
cjrl-2328	452	34	system	system	NOUN
cjrl-2328	452	35	as	as	ADV
cjrl-2328	452	36	legitimate	legitimate	ADJ
cjrl-2328	452	37	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	452	38	instead	instead	ADV
cjrl-2328	452	39	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	452	40	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	452	41	trap	trap	NOUN
cjrl-2328	452	42	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	453	1	police	police	NOUN
cjrl-2328	453	2	departments	department	NOUN
cjrl-2328	453	3	are	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	453	4	beginning	begin	VERB
cjrl-2328	453	5	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	453	6	recognize	recognize	VERB
cjrl-2328	453	7	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	453	8	importance	importance	NOUN
cjrl-2328	453	9	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	453	10	how	how	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	453	11	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	453	12	officer	officer	NOUN
cjrl-2328	453	13	’s	’s	PART
cjrl-2328	453	14	behavior	behavior	NOUN
cjrl-2328	453	15	influences	influence	VERB
cjrl-2328	453	16	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	453	17	need	need	NOUN
cjrl-2328	453	18	to	to	PART
cjrl-2328	453	19	use	use	VERB
cjrl-2328	453	20	force	force	NOUN
cjrl-2328	453	21	later	later	ADV
cjrl-2328	453	22	on	on	ADV
cjrl-2328	453	23	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	453	24	and	and	CCONJ
cjrl-2328	453	25	while	while	SCONJ
cjrl-2328	453	26	this	this	PRON
cjrl-2328	453	27	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	453	28	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	453	29	important	important	ADJ
cjrl-2328	453	30	step	step	NOUN
cjrl-2328	453	31	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	453	32	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	453	33	right	right	ADJ
cjrl-2328	453	34	direction	direction	NOUN
cjrl-2328	453	35	,	,	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	453	36	the	the	DET
cjrl-2328	453	37	change	change	NOUN
cjrl-2328	453	38	required	require	VERB
cjrl-2328	453	39	is	be	AUX
cjrl-2328	453	40	not	not	PART
cjrl-2328	453	41	just	just	ADV
cjrl-2328	453	42	a	a	DET
cjrl-2328	453	43	question	question	NOUN
cjrl-2328	453	44	of	of	ADP
cjrl-2328	453	45	policing	policing	NOUN
cjrl-2328	453	46	.	.	PUNCT
cjrl-2328	454	1	courts	court	NOUN
cjrl-2328	454	2	must	must	AUX
cjrl-2328	454	3	play	play	VERB
cjrl-2328	454	4	an	an	DET
cjrl-2328	454	5	essential	essential	ADJ
cjrl-2328	454	6	interpretative	interpretative	ADJ
cjrl-2328	454	7	role	role	NOUN
cjrl-2328	454	8	in	in	ADP
cjrl-2328	454	9	addressing	address	VERB
cjrl-2328	454	10	this	this	DET
cjrl-2328	454	11	justice	justice	NOUN
cjrl-2328	454	12	concern	concern	NOUN
cjrl-2328	454	13	as	as	ADV
cjrl-2328	454	14	well	well	ADV
cjrl-2328	454	15	.	.	PUNCT