id	sid	eid	entity	type
commonwealth-449	1	1	1	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	1	2	pennsylvania	GPE
commonwealth-449	2	1	paula a. duda holoviak	PERSON
commonwealth-449	2	2	kutztown university	ORG
commonwealth-449	3	1	recent years	DATE
commonwealth-449	4	1	pennsylvania	GPE
commonwealth-449	5	1	pennsylvania	GPE
commonwealth-449	6	1	2010	DATE
commonwealth-449	6	2	pennsylvania	GPE
commonwealth-449	7	1	pennsylvania	GPE
commonwealth-449	9	1	the past 40 years	DATE
commonwealth-449	11	1	senate	ORG
commonwealth-449	11	2	pennsylvania	GPE
commonwealth-449	13	1	recent years	DATE
commonwealth-449	15	1	two	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	15	2	2011	DATE
commonwealth-449	16	1	2	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	16	2	pennsylvania	GPE
commonwealth-449	17	1	the early 1980s	DATE
commonwealth-449	17	2	the 1990s	DATE
commonwealth-449	18	1	one	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	18	2	gormley 2006	FAC
commonwealth-449	19	1	u.s.	GPE
commonwealth-449	19	2	acir 1990	DATE
commonwealth-449	20	1	lovell	ORG
commonwealth-449	20	2	1981	DATE
commonwealth-449	20	3	st.	GPE
commonwealth-449	20	4	george 1995	PERSON
commonwealth-449	21	1	1997	DATE
commonwealth-449	23	1	lovell	ORG
commonwealth-449	23	2	tobin	ORG
commonwealth-449	23	3	1995	DATE
commonwealth-449	23	4	2002	DATE
commonwealth-449	24	1	pennsylvania	GPE
commonwealth-449	24	2	recent years	DATE
commonwealth-449	26	1	martin et al	PERSON
commonwealth-449	26	2	2012	DATE
commonwealth-449	27	1	2012	DATE
commonwealth-449	27	2	the u.s. census bureau	ORG
commonwealth-449	27	3	between 2007 and 2012	DATE
commonwealth-449	27	4	3	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	27	5	paula a. duda holoviak	PERSON
commonwealth-449	27	6	1.1%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	27	7	1.7%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	28	1	22.2%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	28	2	$2.4 trillion to $2.9 trillion	MONEY
commonwealth-449	29	1	61%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	29	2	barnett et al	ORG
commonwealth-449	29	3	2014	DATE
commonwealth-449	30	1	pennsylvania	GPE
commonwealth-449	30	2	senate	ORG
commonwealth-449	30	3	resolution 323	LAW
commonwealth-449	30	4	july 2, 2012	DATE
commonwealth-449	31	1	pennsylvania	GPE
commonwealth-449	31	2	pennsylvania	GPE
commonwealth-449	31	3	2012	DATE
commonwealth-449	32	1	pennsylvania	GPE
commonwealth-449	32	2	over 6,500	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	32	3	2012	DATE
commonwealth-449	35	1	srs 323	ORG
commonwealth-449	35	2	2012	DATE
commonwealth-449	35	3	2-31	DATE
commonwealth-449	35	4	u.s.	GPE
commonwealth-449	35	5	pennsylvania	GPE
commonwealth-449	36	1	roughly 84%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	37	1	36	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	37	2	pennsylvania	GPE
commonwealth-449	38	1	pennsylvania	GPE
commonwealth-449	38	2	first	ORDINAL
commonwealth-449	40	1	4	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	40	2	pennsylvania	GPE
commonwealth-449	40	3	annual	DATE
commonwealth-449	41	1	pennsylvania	GPE
commonwealth-449	41	2	17	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	41	3	13	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	42	1	the pennsylvania league of cities	ORG
commonwealth-449	42	2	the pennsylvania municipal league	ORG
commonwealth-449	42	3	the pennsylvania state association of boroughs	ORG
commonwealth-449	42	4	the pennsylvania state association of township	ORG
commonwealth-449	42	5	first	ORDINAL
commonwealth-449	42	6	the pennsylvania state association of township	ORG
commonwealth-449	43	1	23	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	44	1	twelve	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	44	2	11	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	46	1	second	ORDINAL
commonwealth-449	46	2	four	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	46	3	three	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	46	4	pennsylvania	GPE
commonwealth-449	46	5	one	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	46	6	western pennsylvania	LOC
commonwealth-449	47	1	pennsylvania	GPE
commonwealth-449	47	2	second	ORDINAL
commonwealth-449	50	1	67	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	50	2	59	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	50	3	88%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	51	1	2,562	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	51	2	30%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	52	1	1,108	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	52	2	25%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	52	3	only 498	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	52	4	45%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	53	1	second	ORDINAL
commonwealth-449	53	2	1,452	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	53	3	34%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	53	4	708	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	53	5	49%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	59	1	5	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	59	2	paula a. duda holoviak	PERSON
commonwealth-449	60	1	11	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	63	1	1	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	64	1	1	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	65	1	2011–2012	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	65	2	first	ORDINAL
commonwealth-449	65	3	second	ORDINAL
commonwealth-449	65	4	1	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	65	5	2	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	65	6	3	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	65	7	bidding & advertising	ORG
commonwealth-449	65	8	4	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	65	9	5	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	65	10	6	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	65	11	7	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	65	12	8	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	65	13	9	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	65	14	10	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	65	15	101	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	65	16	1988	DATE
commonwealth-449	65	17	11	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	65	18	101	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	65	19	1988	DATE
commonwealth-449	65	20	6	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	65	21	pennsylvania	GPE
commonwealth-449	65	22	23	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	66	1	2	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	66	2	two	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	66	3	first	ORDINAL
commonwealth-449	67	1	2	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	67	2	first	ORDINAL
commonwealth-449	67	3	38	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	67	4	16.9	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	67	5	73	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	67	6	37.4	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	67	7	265	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	67	8	70.5 197 45.7	QUANTITY
commonwealth-449	67	9	376	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	67	10	100 431 100	QUANTITY
commonwealth-449	67	11	86	DATE
commonwealth-449	67	12	18.6%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	67	13	only 31	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	67	14	6.7%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	68	1	monthly	DATE
commonwealth-449	68	2	yearly	DATE
commonwealth-449	68	3	author 2011	DATE
commonwealth-449	69	1	only 8.9% and 2.7%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	70	1	two	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	70	2	second	ORDINAL
commonwealth-449	70	3	72.9%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	70	4	62.1%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	71	1	second	ORDINAL
commonwealth-449	72	1	3	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	72	2	23%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	72	3	second	ORDINAL
commonwealth-449	72	4	77%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	72	5	second	ORDINAL
commonwealth-449	73	1	2nd	ORDINAL
commonwealth-449	74	1	paula a. duda holoviak	PERSON
commonwealth-449	74	2	3	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	74	3	second	ORDINAL
commonwealth-449	74	4	73	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	74	5	2.9	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	74	6	161	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	74	7	34.8	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	74	8	5.7	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	74	9	197	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	74	10	42.6 108 14.1	QUANTITY
commonwealth-449	74	11	431 93.2	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	74	12	31	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	74	13	6.8 592	TIME
commonwealth-449	74	14	462 100.0	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	76	1	second	ORDINAL
commonwealth-449	76	2	two	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	76	3	first	ORDINAL
commonwealth-449	77	1	chi-square	PERSON
commonwealth-449	77	2	three	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	77	3	11	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	78	1	three	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	78	2	first	ORDINAL
commonwealth-449	78	3	.05	ORG
commonwealth-449	79	1	4	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	80	1	4	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	80	2	first	ORDINAL
commonwealth-449	80	3	chi-square	PERSON
commonwealth-449	80	4	34.842 .000 .197	MONEY
commonwealth-449	81	1	61.389	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	81	2	25.448 .000	MONEY
commonwealth-449	81	3	.250	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	81	4	29.281	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	81	5	68.576 .000 .277 8	MONEY
commonwealth-449	81	6	pennsylvania	GPE
commonwealth-449	81	7	4	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	81	8	chi-square	PERSON
commonwealth-449	81	9	13.269 .039	MONEY
commonwealth-449	81	10	22.604 .001	MONEY
commonwealth-449	81	11	36.222 .000 .252	QUANTITY
commonwealth-449	82	1	5	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	82	2	6	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	82	3	two	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	82	4	first	ORDINAL
commonwealth-449	82	5	5	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	82	6	first	ORDINAL
commonwealth-449	82	7	0%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	82	8	9.7%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	82	9	1.9%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	82	10	0%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	82	11	17.5%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	82	12	11.5%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	82	13	100%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	82	14	53.4%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	82	15	86.5%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	82	16	0%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	82	17	19.4%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	82	18	0%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	82	19	6	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	82	20	1st	ORDINAL
commonwealth-449	82	21	18.8%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	82	22	16.5%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	82	23	13.5%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	82	24	6.3%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	82	25	38.8%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	82	26	25.0%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	82	27	75%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	82	28	40.2%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	82	29	61.5%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	82	30	0%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	82	31	4.7%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	82	32	0%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	82	33	first	ORDINAL
commonwealth-449	82	34	two	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	82	35	daily	DATE
commonwealth-449	84	1	2011	DATE
commonwealth-449	85	1	9	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	85	2	paula a. duda holoviak	PERSON
commonwealth-449	86	1	pennsylvania	GPE
commonwealth-449	87	1	7	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	87	2	first	ORDINAL
commonwealth-449	87	3	7	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	87	4	first	ORDINAL
commonwealth-449	87	5	6.3%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	87	6	28.2%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	87	7	9.6%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	87	8	12.5%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	87	9	39.3%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	87	10	15.4%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	87	11	81.3%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	87	12	28.2%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	87	13	71.2%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	87	14	0%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	87	15	4.2%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	87	16	3.8%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	89	1	kelly 1994, 1997	ORG
commonwealth-449	90	1	1995	DATE
commonwealth-449	90	2	kelly	PERSON
commonwealth-449	90	3	kelly 1995	PERSON
commonwealth-449	91	1	pennsylvania	GPE
commonwealth-449	92	1	pennsylvania	GPE
commonwealth-449	92	2	2014	DATE
commonwealth-449	92	3	99%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	92	4	pennsylvania	GPE
commonwealth-449	92	5	first	ORDINAL
commonwealth-449	92	6	80%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	92	7	pennsylvania	GPE
commonwealth-449	92	8	second	ORDINAL
commonwealth-449	93	1	56%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	93	2	44%	PERCENT
commonwealth-449	94	1	johnson 2015	PERSON
commonwealth-449	96	1	10	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	96	2	pennsylvania	GPE
commonwealth-449	98	1	second	ORDINAL
commonwealth-449	98	2	only three	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	98	3	one	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	98	4	2011	DATE
commonwealth-449	99	1	second	ORDINAL
commonwealth-449	101	1	pennsylvania	GPE
commonwealth-449	101	2	first	ORDINAL
commonwealth-449	102	1	pennsylvania	GPE
commonwealth-449	104	1	one	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	104	2	pennsylvania	GPE
commonwealth-449	106	1	one	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	107	1	pennsylvania	GPE
commonwealth-449	110	1	june 2011	DATE
commonwealth-449	111	1	pennsylvania	GPE
commonwealth-449	112	1	barnett	PERSON
commonwealth-449	112	2	jeffrey	PERSON
commonwealth-449	112	3	cindy l. sheckells	PERSON
commonwealth-449	112	4	scott peterson	PERSON
commonwealth-449	112	5	elizabeth m. tydings	PERSON
commonwealth-449	113	1	2014	DATE
commonwealth-449	114	1	2012	DATE
commonwealth-449	115	1	february 4, 2015	DATE
commonwealth-449	116	1	gormley jr.	PERSON
commonwealth-449	116	2	william t. 2006	PERSON
commonwealth-449	117	1	36	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	117	2	523–554	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	118	1	grossback	PERSON
commonwealth-449	118	2	lawrence j. 2002	PERSON
commonwealth-449	119	1	minnesota	GPE
commonwealth-449	120	1	state & local government	ORG
commonwealth-449	120	2	34	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	120	3	183–197	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	120	4	11	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	120	5	paula a. duda holoviak johnson	PERSON
commonwealth-449	120	6	jonathan	PERSON
commonwealth-449	121	1	2015	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	122	1	pennsylvania	GPE
commonwealth-449	122	2	pennsylvania	GPE
commonwealth-449	123	1	kelly	PERSON
commonwealth-449	123	2	janet.	PERSON
commonwealth-449	123	3	1997	DATE
commonwealth-449	125	1	29	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	125	2	90–97	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	126	1	kelly	PERSON
commonwealth-449	126	2	janet.	PERSON
commonwealth-449	126	3	1995	DATE
commonwealth-449	128	1	spring	DATE
commonwealth-449	128	2	133–139	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	129	1	kelly	PERSON
commonwealth-449	129	2	janet.	PERSON
commonwealth-449	129	3	1994	DATE
commonwealth-449	131	1	american	NORP
commonwealth-449	131	2	24	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	131	3	351–373	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	132	1	lovell	ORG
commonwealth-449	132	2	catherine	PERSON
commonwealth-449	132	3	charles tobin	PERSON
commonwealth-449	133	1	1981	DATE
commonwealth-449	134	1	41	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	135	1	318–331	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	136	1	martin	PERSON
commonwealth-449	136	2	lawrence l.	PERSON
commonwealth-449	136	3	jenna cawley	PERSON
commonwealth-449	137	1	2012	DATE
commonwealth-449	139	1	44	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	139	2	17s–28s	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	140	1	2012	DATE
commonwealth-449	141	1	senate	ORG
commonwealth-449	141	2	323	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	141	3	2010	DATE
commonwealth-449	141	4	harrisburg	GPE
commonwealth-449	141	5	pennsylvania	GPE
commonwealth-449	142	1	st. george	PERSON
commonwealth-449	142	2	james r. 1995	PERSON
commonwealth-449	144	1	brookings	PERSON
commonwealth-449	145	1	u.s.	GPE
commonwealth-449	146	1	1990	DATE
commonwealth-449	148	1	washington	GPE
commonwealth-449	148	2	d.c.	GPE
commonwealth-449	149	1	joseph f. 1995	PERSON
commonwealth-449	150	1	2nd	ORDINAL
commonwealth-449	151	1	westport	PERSON
commonwealth-449	152	1	12	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	2	pennsylvania	GPE
commonwealth-449	152	3	first	ORDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	4	38	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	5	8.2 73	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	6	57.4	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	7	18.6	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	8	146	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	9	36.1	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	10	18.8	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	11	62	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	12	13.4	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	13	73	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	14	34.8 197	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	15	6.7	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	16	113	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	17	159	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	18	34.4	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	19	34.0	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	20	7.1	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	21	58	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	22	12.6 172	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	23	37.2	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	24	145	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	25	31.4	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	26	18.8	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	27	92 19.9	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	28	31.6 117	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	29	25.3	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	30	23.2	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	31	106	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	32	22.9 174	QUANTITY
commonwealth-449	152	33	37.7	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	34	20.1 89	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	35	19.3	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	36	151	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	37	32.7 168	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	38	36.4	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	39	6.7 112	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	40	24.2	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	41	122	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	42	44.4 114	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	43	24.7	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	44	4.5	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	45	101	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	46	1988	DATE
commonwealth-449	152	47	225	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	48	48.7	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	49	213	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	50	46.1 12 2.6 12 2.6	QUANTITY
commonwealth-449	152	51	101	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	52	144	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	53	38.3	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	54	paula a. duda holoviak appendix	PERSON
commonwealth-449	152	55	second	ORDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	56	22	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	57	2.9	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	58	5.7 108	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	59	77.3	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	60	75 9.8	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	61	14.4	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	62	2.9 559 73.0	QUANTITY
commonwealth-449	152	63	41	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	64	15.5 431 56.3 175 22.8	QUANTITY
commonwealth-449	152	65	210	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	66	27.4	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	67	287	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	68	20.6	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	69	14.5	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	70	58	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	71	52.2	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	72	206	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	73	26.9	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	74	314	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	75	41.0	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	76	204	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	77	26.6	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	78	5.5	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	79	90	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	80	11.7 200	QUANTITY
commonwealth-449	152	81	26.1	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	82	35.0	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	83	27.2	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	84	115	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	85	15.0	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	86	24.4	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	87	33.8	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	88	26.8	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	89	220	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	90	101	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	91	1988	DATE
commonwealth-449	152	92	219	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	93	28.6	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	94	204	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	95	26.6	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	96	6.7 292	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	97	38.1	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	98	119	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	99	15.5	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	100	269	CARDINAL
commonwealth-449	152	101	4.7	CARDINAL